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Flesken-Nikitin A, Pirtz MG, Ashe CS, Ellenson LH, Cosgrove BD, Nikitin AY. Dysregulation of cell state dynamics during early stages of serous endometrial carcinogenesis. BIORXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR BIOLOGY 2024:2024.03.15.585274. [PMID: 38562813 PMCID: PMC10983873 DOI: 10.1101/2024.03.15.585274] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/04/2024]
Abstract
Serous endometrial carcinoma (SEC) constitutes about 10% of endometrial carcinomas and is one of the most aggressive and lethal types of uterine cancer. Due to the rapid progression of SEC, early detection of this disease is of utmost importance. However, molecular and cellular dynamics during the pre-dysplastic stage of this disease remain largely unknown. Here, we provide a comprehensive census of cell types and their states for normal, pre-dysplastic, and dysplastic endometrium in a mouse model of SEC. This model is associated with inactivation of tumor suppressor genes Trp53 and Rb1 , whose pathways are altered frequently in SEC. We report that pre-dysplastic changes are characterized by an expanded and increasingly diverse immature luminal epithelial cell populations. Consistent with transcriptome changes, cells expressing the luminal epithelial marker TROP2 begin to substitute FOXA2+ cells in the glandular epithelium. These changes are associated with a reduction in number and strength of predicted interactions between epithelial and stromal endometrial cells. By using a multi-level approach combining single-cell and spatial transcriptomics paired with screening for clinically relevant genes in human endometrial carcinoma, we identified a panel of 44 genes suitable for further testing of their validity as early diagnostic and prognostic markers. Among these genes are known markers of human SEC, such as C DKN2A, and novel markers, such as OAS2 and OASL, members of 2-5A synthetase family that is essential for the innate immune response. In summary, our results suggest an important role of the luminal epithelium in SEC pathogenesis, highlight aberrant cell-cell interactions in pre-dysplastic stages, and provide a new platform for comparative identification and characterization of novel, clinically relevant prognostic and diagnostic markers and potential therapeutic modalities.
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2
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Bjarnason S, McIvor JAP, Prestel A, Demény KS, Bullerjahn JT, Kragelund BB, Mercadante D, Heidarsson PO. DNA binding redistributes activation domain ensemble and accessibility in pioneer factor Sox2. Nat Commun 2024; 15:1445. [PMID: 38365983 PMCID: PMC10873366 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-024-45847-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2023] [Accepted: 02/01/2024] [Indexed: 02/18/2024] Open
Abstract
More than 1600 human transcription factors orchestrate the transcriptional machinery to control gene expression and cell fate. Their function is conveyed through intrinsically disordered regions (IDRs) containing activation or repression domains but lacking quantitative structural ensemble models prevents their mechanistic decoding. Here we integrate single-molecule FRET and NMR spectroscopy with molecular simulations showing that DNA binding can lead to complex changes in the IDR ensemble and accessibility. The C-terminal IDR of pioneer factor Sox2 is highly disordered but its conformational dynamics are guided by weak and dynamic charge interactions with the folded DNA binding domain. Both DNA and nucleosome binding induce major rearrangements in the IDR ensemble without affecting DNA binding affinity. Remarkably, interdomain interactions are redistributed in complex with DNA leading to variable exposure of two activation domains critical for transcription. Charged intramolecular interactions allowing for dynamic redistributions may be common in transcription factors and necessary for sensitive tuning of structural ensembles.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sveinn Bjarnason
- Department of Biochemistry, Science Institute, University of Iceland, Sturlugata 7, 102, Reykjavík, Iceland
| | - Jordan A P McIvor
- School of Chemical Science, University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand
| | - Andreas Prestel
- Department of Biology, REPIN and Structural Biology and NMR Laboratory, University of Copenhagen, Ole Maaløes Vej 5, 2200, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Kinga S Demény
- Department of Biochemistry, Science Institute, University of Iceland, Sturlugata 7, 102, Reykjavík, Iceland
| | - Jakob T Bullerjahn
- Department of Theoretical Biophysics, Max Planck Institute of Biophysics, Max-von-Laue-Straße 3, 60438, Frankfurt am Main, Germany
| | - Birthe B Kragelund
- Department of Biology, REPIN and Structural Biology and NMR Laboratory, University of Copenhagen, Ole Maaløes Vej 5, 2200, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Davide Mercadante
- School of Chemical Science, University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand.
| | - Pétur O Heidarsson
- Department of Biochemistry, Science Institute, University of Iceland, Sturlugata 7, 102, Reykjavík, Iceland.
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3
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Wood S, Ishida K, Hagerty JR, Karahodza A, Dennis JN, Jolly ER. Characterization of Schistosome Sox Genes and Identification of a Flatworm Class of Sox Regulators. Pathogens 2023; 12:690. [PMID: 37242360 PMCID: PMC10222431 DOI: 10.3390/pathogens12050690] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2023] [Revised: 05/04/2023] [Accepted: 05/05/2023] [Indexed: 05/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Schistosome helminths infect over 200 million people across 78 countries and are responsible for nearly 300,000 deaths annually. However, our understanding of basic genetic pathways crucial for schistosome development is limited. The sex determining region Y-box 2 (Sox2) protein is a Sox B type transcriptional activator that is expressed prior to blastulation in mammals and is necessary for embryogenesis. Sox expression is associated with pluripotency and stem cells, neuronal differentiation, gut development, and cancer. Schistosomes express a Sox-like gene expressed in the schistosomula after infecting a mammalian host when schistosomes have about 900 cells. Here, we characterized and named this Sox-like gene SmSOXS1. SmSoxS1 protein is a developmentally regulated activator that localizes to the anterior and posterior ends of the schistosomula and binds to Sox-specific DNA elements. In addition to SmSoxS1, we have also identified an additional six Sox genes in schistosomes, two Sox B, one SoxC, and three Sox genes that may establish a flatworm-specific class of Sox genes with planarians. These data identify novel Sox genes in schistosomes to expand the potential functional roles for Sox2 and may provide interesting insights into early multicellular development of flatworms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stephanie Wood
- Department of Biology, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH 44106, USA; (S.W.); (K.I.); (J.R.H.)
| | - Kenji Ishida
- Department of Biology, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH 44106, USA; (S.W.); (K.I.); (J.R.H.)
| | - James R. Hagerty
- Department of Biology, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH 44106, USA; (S.W.); (K.I.); (J.R.H.)
| | - Anida Karahodza
- Department of Biology, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH 44106, USA; (S.W.); (K.I.); (J.R.H.)
| | - Janay N. Dennis
- Department of Biology, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH 44106, USA; (S.W.); (K.I.); (J.R.H.)
| | - Emmitt R. Jolly
- Department of Biology, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH 44106, USA; (S.W.); (K.I.); (J.R.H.)
- Center for Global Health and Disease, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH 44106, USA
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4
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Nie M, Zou C, Peng L, Wu Z, You F. Establishment and application of four long-term culture cell lines of the olive flounder Paralichthys olivaceus blastocysts. Comp Biochem Physiol C Toxicol Pharmacol 2023; 265:109536. [PMID: 36584834 DOI: 10.1016/j.cbpc.2022.109536] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/26/2022] [Revised: 11/25/2022] [Accepted: 12/14/2022] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
Four new embryonic cell lines derived from blastocysts of the olive flounder Paralichthys olivaceus, an important commercial marine fish, were established and characterized. They were designated as PoEFCI, PoEFCII, PoEFCIII, and PoEFCIV and were all fibroblastic cells. The cells were cultured in DMEM/F-12 medium supplemented with antibiotics, FBS, and growth factors at temperature of 25 °C and subcultured for >100 passages over 18 months. The origin of the cell lines was confirmed by examining the partial sequences of the cytochrome oxidase c subunit I (COI) gene of the flounder mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA). The four cell lines showed different growth curve patterns. According to the results of gene and protein expression and enzyme activity, the cell lines PoEFCI, PoEFCII, and PoEFC III could be pluripotent. The cells of all four cell lines were also successfully transfected with the green fluorescent protein (GFP) reporter gene, suggesting that they could be used to study gene function in the flounder or other fish. More importantly, PoEFCI-III were sensitive to chromium (Cr) and red sea bream Pagrus major iridovirus (RSIV), so they could be used as a powerful tool for the study of the toxicological investigation of heavy metals and RSIV in fish. Therefore, these cell lines would be useful for biotechnological and toxicological research on marine fish as an in vitro biological system.
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Affiliation(s)
- Miaomiao Nie
- CAS and Shandong Province Key Laboratory of Experimental Marine Biology, Center for Ocean Mega-Science, Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 7 Nanhai Road, Qingdao 266071, PR China; State Key Laboratory of Plateau Ecology and Agriculture, Qinghai University, 251 Ningda Road, Xining 810016, PR China
| | - Congcong Zou
- CAS and Shandong Province Key Laboratory of Experimental Marine Biology, Center for Ocean Mega-Science, Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 7 Nanhai Road, Qingdao 266071, PR China; Laboratory for Marine Biology and Biotechnology, Qingdao National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology, Qingdao 266071, PR China
| | - Limin Peng
- Shandong Open University, Jinan 250014, PR China
| | - Zhihao Wu
- CAS and Shandong Province Key Laboratory of Experimental Marine Biology, Center for Ocean Mega-Science, Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 7 Nanhai Road, Qingdao 266071, PR China; Laboratory for Marine Biology and Biotechnology, Qingdao National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology, Qingdao 266071, PR China
| | - Feng You
- CAS and Shandong Province Key Laboratory of Experimental Marine Biology, Center for Ocean Mega-Science, Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 7 Nanhai Road, Qingdao 266071, PR China; Laboratory for Marine Biology and Biotechnology, Qingdao National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology, Qingdao 266071, PR China.
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5
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Sureda-Gómez M, Balsas P, Rodríguez ML, Nadeu F, De Bolòs A, Eguileor Á, Kulis M, Castellano G, López C, Giné E, Demajo S, Jares P, Martín-Subero JI, Beà S, Campo E, Amador V. Tumorigenic role of Musashi-2 in aggressive mantle cell lymphoma. Leukemia 2023; 37:408-421. [PMID: 36509891 PMCID: PMC9898029 DOI: 10.1038/s41375-022-01776-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2022] [Revised: 11/21/2022] [Accepted: 11/23/2022] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
SOX11 overexpression has been associated with aggressive behavior of mantle cell lymphomas (MCL). SOX11 is overexpressed in embryonic and cancer stem cells (CSC) of some tumors. Although CSC have been isolated from primary MCL, their relationship to SOX11 expression and contribution to MCL pathogenesis and clinical evolution remain unknown. Here, we observed enrichment in leukemic and hematopoietic stem cells gene signatures in SOX11+ compared to SOX11- MCL primary cases. Musashi-2 (MSI2) emerged as one of the most significant upregulated stem cell-related genes in SOX11+ MCLs. SOX11 is directly bound to the MSI2 promoter upregulating its expression in vitro. MSI2 intronic enhancers were strongly activated in SOX11+ MCL cell lines and primary cases. MSI2 upregulation was significantly associated with poor overall survival independently of other high-risk features of MCL. MSI2 knockdown decreased the expression of genes related to apoptosis and stem cell features and significantly reduced clonogenic growth, tumor cell survival and chemoresistance in MCL cells. MSI2-knockdown cells had reduced tumorigenic engraftment into mice bone marrow and spleen compared to control cells in xenotransplanted mouse models. Our results suggest that MSI2 might play a key role in sustaining stemness and tumor cell survival, representing a possible novel target for therapeutic interventions in MCL.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marta Sureda-Gómez
- grid.10403.360000000091771775Institut d’Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Patricia Balsas
- grid.10403.360000000091771775Institut d’Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), Barcelona, Spain ,grid.510933.d0000 0004 8339 0058Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Cáncer (CIBERONC), Madrid, Spain
| | - Marta-Leonor Rodríguez
- grid.10403.360000000091771775Institut d’Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Ferran Nadeu
- grid.10403.360000000091771775Institut d’Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), Barcelona, Spain ,grid.510933.d0000 0004 8339 0058Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Cáncer (CIBERONC), Madrid, Spain
| | - Anna De Bolòs
- grid.10403.360000000091771775Institut d’Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Álvaro Eguileor
- grid.10403.360000000091771775Institut d’Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Marta Kulis
- grid.10403.360000000091771775Institut d’Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Giancarlo Castellano
- grid.10403.360000000091771775Institut d’Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Cristina López
- grid.10403.360000000091771775Institut d’Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), Barcelona, Spain ,grid.510933.d0000 0004 8339 0058Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Cáncer (CIBERONC), Madrid, Spain
| | - Eva Giné
- grid.10403.360000000091771775Institut d’Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), Barcelona, Spain ,grid.510933.d0000 0004 8339 0058Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Cáncer (CIBERONC), Madrid, Spain ,grid.5841.80000 0004 1937 0247Department of Hematology Hospital Clinic of Barcelona, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Santiago Demajo
- grid.10403.360000000091771775Institut d’Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Pedro Jares
- grid.10403.360000000091771775Institut d’Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), Barcelona, Spain ,grid.510933.d0000 0004 8339 0058Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Cáncer (CIBERONC), Madrid, Spain
| | - José I. Martín-Subero
- grid.10403.360000000091771775Institut d’Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), Barcelona, Spain ,grid.510933.d0000 0004 8339 0058Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Cáncer (CIBERONC), Madrid, Spain ,grid.425902.80000 0000 9601 989XInstitució Catalana de Recerca i Estudis Avançats (ICREA), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Silvia Beà
- grid.10403.360000000091771775Institut d’Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), Barcelona, Spain ,grid.510933.d0000 0004 8339 0058Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Cáncer (CIBERONC), Madrid, Spain ,grid.410458.c0000 0000 9635 9413Hematopathology Section, Department of Pathology, Hospital Clínic of Barcelona, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Elias Campo
- grid.10403.360000000091771775Institut d’Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), Barcelona, Spain ,grid.510933.d0000 0004 8339 0058Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Cáncer (CIBERONC), Madrid, Spain ,grid.410458.c0000 0000 9635 9413Hematopathology Section, Department of Pathology, Hospital Clínic of Barcelona, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Virginia Amador
- Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), Barcelona, Spain. .,Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Cáncer (CIBERONC), Madrid, Spain.
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6
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Segal D, Coulombe S, Sim J, Dostie J. A conserved HOTAIRM1-HOXA1 regulatory axis contributes early to neuronal differentiation. RNA Biol 2023; 20:1523-1539. [PMID: 37743644 PMCID: PMC10619521 DOI: 10.1080/15476286.2023.2258028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 04/03/2023] [Indexed: 09/26/2023] Open
Abstract
HOTAIRM1 is unlike most long non-coding RNAs in that its sequence is highly conserved across mammals. Such evolutionary conservation points to it having a role in key cellular processes. We previously reported that HOTAIRM1 is required to curb premature activation of downstream HOXA genes in a cell model recapitulating their sequential induction during development. We found that it regulates 3' HOXA gene expression by a mechanism involving epigenetic and three-dimensional chromatin changes. Here we show that HOTAIRM1 participates in proper progression through the early stages of neuronal differentiation. We found that it can associate with the HOXA1 transcription factor and contributes to its downstream transcriptional program. Particularly, HOTAIRM1 affects the NANOG/POU5F1/SOX2 core pluripotency network maintaining an undifferentiated cell state. HOXA1 depletion similarly perturbed expression of these pluripotent factors, suggesting that HOTAIRM1 is a modulator of this transcription factor pathway. Also, given that binding of HOTAIRM1 to HOXA1 was observed in different cell types and species, our results point to this ribonucleoprotein complex as an integral part of a conserved HOTAIRM1-HOXA1 regulatory axis modulating the transition from a pluripotent to a differentiated neuronal state.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dana Segal
- Department of Biochemistry, and Rosalind & Morris Goodman Cancer Institute, McGill University, Montréal, Québec, Canada
| | - Samy Coulombe
- Department of Biochemistry, and Rosalind & Morris Goodman Cancer Institute, McGill University, Montréal, Québec, Canada
- School of Computer Science, and McGill Center for Bioinformatics, McGill University, Montréal, Québec, Canada
| | - Jasper Sim
- Department of Biochemistry, and Rosalind & Morris Goodman Cancer Institute, McGill University, Montréal, Québec, Canada
| | - Josée Dostie
- Department of Biochemistry, and Rosalind & Morris Goodman Cancer Institute, McGill University, Montréal, Québec, Canada
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7
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Islam Z, Aldous N, Choi S, Schmidt F, Mifsud B, Abdelalim EM, Kolatkar PR. Flavin Adenine Dinucleotide (FAD) and Pyridoxal 5'-Phosphate (PLP) Bind to Sox9 and Alter the Expression of Key Pancreatic Progenitor Transcription Factors. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms232214051. [PMID: 36430529 PMCID: PMC9694089 DOI: 10.3390/ijms232214051] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2022] [Revised: 11/03/2022] [Accepted: 11/04/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Cofactor flavin adenine dinucleotide (FAD), a compound with flavin moiety and a derivative of riboflavin (vitamin B2), is shown to bind to Sox9 (a key transcription factor in early pancreatic development) and, subsequently, induce a large increase in markers of pancreatic development, including Ngn3 and PTF1a. Pyridoxal 5'-phosphate (PLP), the active form of vitamin B6, also binds to Sox9 and results in a similar increase in pancreatic development markers. Sox9 is known to be specifically important for pancreatic progenitors. Previously, there was no known link between FAD, PLP, or other co-factors and Sox9 for function. Thus, our findings show the mechanism by which FAD and PLP interact with Sox9 and result in the altered expression of pancreatic progenitor transcription factors involved in the pancreas development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zeyaul Islam
- Diabetes Research Center (DRC), Qatar Biomedical Research Institute (QBRI), Hamad Bin Khalifa University (HBKU), Qatar Foundation, Doha P.O. Box 34110, Qatar
| | - Noura Aldous
- Diabetes Research Center (DRC), Qatar Biomedical Research Institute (QBRI), Hamad Bin Khalifa University (HBKU), Qatar Foundation, Doha P.O. Box 34110, Qatar
- College of Health and Life Sciences, Hamad Bin Khalifa University (HBKU), Qatar Foundation, Doha P.O. Box 34110, Qatar
| | - Sunkyu Choi
- Proteomics Core, Weill Cornell Medicine, Doha P.O. Box 24144, Qatar
| | - Frank Schmidt
- Proteomics Core, Weill Cornell Medicine, Doha P.O. Box 24144, Qatar
| | - Borbala Mifsud
- College of Health and Life Sciences, Hamad Bin Khalifa University (HBKU), Qatar Foundation, Doha P.O. Box 34110, Qatar
| | - Essam M. Abdelalim
- Diabetes Research Center (DRC), Qatar Biomedical Research Institute (QBRI), Hamad Bin Khalifa University (HBKU), Qatar Foundation, Doha P.O. Box 34110, Qatar
- College of Health and Life Sciences, Hamad Bin Khalifa University (HBKU), Qatar Foundation, Doha P.O. Box 34110, Qatar
| | - Prasanna R. Kolatkar
- Diabetes Research Center (DRC), Qatar Biomedical Research Institute (QBRI), Hamad Bin Khalifa University (HBKU), Qatar Foundation, Doha P.O. Box 34110, Qatar
- College of Health and Life Sciences, Hamad Bin Khalifa University (HBKU), Qatar Foundation, Doha P.O. Box 34110, Qatar
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +974-445-45889; Fax: +974-445-41770
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8
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Le Goff E, Martinand-Mari C, Belkhir K, Vacelet J, Nidelet S, Godefroy N, Baghdiguian S. Molecular complexity and gene expression controlling cell turnover during a digestive cycle of carnivorous sponge Lycopodina hypogea. Cell Tissue Res 2022; 388:399-416. [PMID: 35260936 DOI: 10.1007/s00441-022-03610-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2021] [Accepted: 02/28/2022] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Lycopodina hypogea is a carnivorous sponge that tolerates laboratory husbandry very well. During a digestion cycle, performed without any digestive cavity, this species undergoes spectacular morphological changes leading to a total regression of long filaments that ensure the capture of prey and their reformation at the end of the cycle. This phenomenon is a unique opportunity to analyze the molecular and cellular determinants that ensure digestion in the sister group of all other metazoans. Using differential transcriptomic analysis coupled with cell biology studies of proliferation, differentiation, and programmed cell deaths (i.e., autophagy and the destructive/constructive function of apoptosis), we demonstrate that the molecular and cellular actors that ensure digestive homeostasis in a sister group of all remaining animals are similar in variety and complexity to those controlling tissue homeostasis in higher vertebrates. During a digestion cycle, most of these actors are finely tuned in a coordinated manner. Our data benefits from complementary approaches coupling in silico and cell biology studies and demonstrate that the nutritive function is provided by the coordination of molecular network that impacts the cells turnover in the entire organism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emilie Le Goff
- ISEM, CNRS, EPHE, Université Montpellier, Montpellier, IRD, France
| | | | - Khalid Belkhir
- ISEM, CNRS, EPHE, Université Montpellier, Montpellier, IRD, France
| | - Jean Vacelet
- IMBE, CNRS, Station Marine d'Endoume, Université Aix-Marseille, Université d'Avignon, 13007, Marseille, IRD, France
| | - Sabine Nidelet
- Montpellier GenomiX, Université Montpellier, CNRS, INSERM, Montpellier, France
- New Affiliation: CBGP, INRA, CIRAD, Université Montpellier, Montpellier SupAgroMontpellier, IRD, France
| | - Nelly Godefroy
- ISEM, CNRS, EPHE, Université Montpellier, Montpellier, IRD, France.
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9
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Racca JD, Chatterjee D, Chen YS, Rai RK, Yang Y, Georgiadis MM, Haas E, Weiss MA. Tenuous transcriptional threshold of human sex determination. II. SRY exploits water-mediated clamp at the edge of ambiguity. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2022; 13:1029177. [PMID: 36568077 PMCID: PMC9771472 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2022.1029177] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/26/2022] [Accepted: 11/07/2022] [Indexed: 12/03/2022] Open
Abstract
Y-encoded transcription factor SRY initiates male differentiation in therian mammals. This factor contains a high-mobility-group (HMG) box, which mediates sequence-specific DNA binding with sharp DNA bending. A companion article in this issue described sex-reversal mutations at box position 72 (residue 127 in human SRY), invariant as Tyr among mammalian orthologs. Although not contacting DNA, the aromatic ring seals the domain's minor wing at a solvent-exposed junction with a basic tail. A seeming paradox was posed by the native-like biochemical properties of inherited Swyer variant Y72F: its near-native gene-regulatory activity is consistent with the father's male development, but at odds with the daughter's XY female somatic phenotype. Surprisingly, aromatic rings (Y72, F72 or W72) confer higher transcriptional activity than do basic or polar side chains generally observed at solvated DNA interfaces (Arg, Lys, His or Gln). Whereas biophysical studies (time-resolved fluorescence resonance energy transfer and heteronuclear NMR spectroscopy) uncovered only subtle perturbations, dissociation of the Y72F complex was markedly accelerated relative to wild-type. Studies of protein-DNA solvation by molecular-dynamics (MD) simulations of an homologous high-resolution crystal structure (SOX18) suggest that Y72 para-OH anchors a network of water molecules at the tail-DNA interface, perturbed in the variant in association with nonlocal conformational fluctuations. Loss of the Y72 anchor among SRY variants presumably "unclamps" its basic tail, leading to (a) rapid DNA dissociation despite native affinity and (b) attenuated transcriptional activity at the edge of sexual ambiguity. Conservation of Y72 suggests that this water-mediated clamp operates generally among SRY and metazoan SOX domains.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joseph D. Racca
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, United States
- *Correspondence: Joseph D. Racca, ; Michael A. Weiss,
| | - Deepak Chatterjee
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, United States
| | - Yen-Shan Chen
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, United States
| | - Ratan K. Rai
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, United States
| | - Yanwu Yang
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, United States
| | - Millie M. Georgiadis
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, United States
| | - Elisha Haas
- Faculty of Life Sciences, Bar Ilan University, Ramat Gan, Israel
| | - Michael A. Weiss
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, United States
- *Correspondence: Joseph D. Racca, ; Michael A. Weiss,
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10
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Voigt E, Wallenburg M, Wollenzien H, Thompson E, Kumar K, Feiner J, McNally M, Friesen H, Mukherjee M, Afeworki Y, Kareta MS. Sox2 Is an Oncogenic Driver of Small-Cell Lung Cancer and Promotes the Classic Neuroendocrine Subtype. Mol Cancer Res 2021; 19:2015-2025. [PMID: 34593608 PMCID: PMC8642303 DOI: 10.1158/1541-7786.mcr-20-1006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/25/2020] [Revised: 06/02/2021] [Accepted: 09/24/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Although many cancer prognoses have improved in the past 50 years due to advancements in treatments, there has been little improvement in therapies for small-cell lung cancer (SCLC). One promising avenue to improve treatment for SCLC is to understand its underlying genetic alterations that drive its formation, growth, and cellular heterogeneity. RB1 loss is one key driver of SCLC, and RB1 loss has been associated with an increase in pluripotency factors such as SOX2. SOX2 is highly expressed and amplified in SCLC and has been associated with SCLC growth. Using a genetically engineered mouse model, we have shown that Sox2 is required for efficient SCLC formation. Furthermore, genome-scale binding assays have indicated that SOX2 can regulate key SCLC pathways such as NEUROD1 and MYC. These data suggest that SOX2 can be associated with the switch of SCLC from an ASCL1 subtype to a NEUROD1 subtype. Understanding this genetic switch is key to understanding such processes as SCLC progression, cellular heterogeneity, and treatment resistance. IMPLICATIONS: Understanding the molecular mechanisms of SCLC initiation and development are key to opening new potential therapeutic options for this devastating disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ellen Voigt
- Cancer Biology and Immunotherapies Group, Sanford Research, Sioux Falls, South Dakota
- Genetics & Genomics Group, Sanford Research, Sioux Falls, South Dakota
| | - Madeline Wallenburg
- Cancer Biology and Immunotherapies Group, Sanford Research, Sioux Falls, South Dakota
- Genetics & Genomics Group, Sanford Research, Sioux Falls, South Dakota
| | - Hannah Wollenzien
- Cancer Biology and Immunotherapies Group, Sanford Research, Sioux Falls, South Dakota
- Genetics & Genomics Group, Sanford Research, Sioux Falls, South Dakota
- Division of Basic Biomedical Sciences, University of South Dakota, Vermillion, South Dakota
| | - Ethan Thompson
- Cancer Biology and Immunotherapies Group, Sanford Research, Sioux Falls, South Dakota
- Genetics & Genomics Group, Sanford Research, Sioux Falls, South Dakota
| | - Kirtana Kumar
- Cancer Biology and Immunotherapies Group, Sanford Research, Sioux Falls, South Dakota
- Genetics & Genomics Group, Sanford Research, Sioux Falls, South Dakota
| | | | - Moira McNally
- Cancer Biology and Immunotherapies Group, Sanford Research, Sioux Falls, South Dakota
- Genetics & Genomics Group, Sanford Research, Sioux Falls, South Dakota
| | - Hunter Friesen
- Cancer Biology and Immunotherapies Group, Sanford Research, Sioux Falls, South Dakota
- Genetics & Genomics Group, Sanford Research, Sioux Falls, South Dakota
| | - Malini Mukherjee
- Functional Genomics & Bioinformatics Core, Sanford Research, Sioux Falls, South Dakota
| | - Yohannes Afeworki
- Functional Genomics & Bioinformatics Core, Sanford Research, Sioux Falls, South Dakota
| | - Michael S Kareta
- Cancer Biology and Immunotherapies Group, Sanford Research, Sioux Falls, South Dakota.
- Genetics & Genomics Group, Sanford Research, Sioux Falls, South Dakota
- Division of Basic Biomedical Sciences, University of South Dakota, Vermillion, South Dakota
- Functional Genomics & Bioinformatics Core, Sanford Research, Sioux Falls, South Dakota
- Department of Pediatrics, Sanford School of Medicine, University of South Dakota, Sioux Falls, South Dakota
- Department of Chemistry Biochemistry, South Dakota State University, Brookings, South Dakota
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11
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Editing SOX Genes by CRISPR-Cas: Current Insights and Future Perspectives. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms222111321. [PMID: 34768751 PMCID: PMC8583549 DOI: 10.3390/ijms222111321] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/06/2021] [Revised: 10/17/2021] [Accepted: 10/17/2021] [Indexed: 01/16/2023] Open
Abstract
Clustered Regularly Interspaced Short Palindromic Repeats (CRISPR) and its associated proteins (Cas) is an adaptive immune system in archaea and most bacteria. By repurposing these systems for use in eukaryote cells, a substantial revolution has arisen in the genome engineering field. In recent years, CRISPR-Cas technology was rapidly developed and different types of DNA or RNA sequence editors, gene activator or repressor, and epigenome modulators established. The versatility and feasibility of CRISPR-Cas technology has introduced this system as the most suitable tool for discovering and studying the mechanism of specific genes and also for generating appropriate cell and animal models. SOX genes play crucial roles in development processes and stemness. To elucidate the exact roles of SOX factors and their partners in tissue hemostasis and cell regeneration, generating appropriate in vitro and in vivo models is crucial. In line with these premises, CRISPR-Cas technology is a promising tool for studying different family members of SOX transcription factors. In this review, we aim to highlight the importance of CRISPR-Cas and summarize the applications of this novel, promising technology in studying and decoding the function of different members of the SOX gene family.
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12
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Zhu Z, Wu X, Li Q, Zhang J, Yu S, Shen Q, Zhou Z, Pan Q, Yue W, Qin D, Zhang Y, Zhao W, Zhang R, Peng S, Li N, Zhang S, Lei A, Miao YL, Liu Z, Chen X, Wang H, Liao M, Hua J. Histone demethylase complexes KDM3A and KDM3B cooperate with OCT4/SOX2 to define a pluripotency gene regulatory network. FASEB J 2021; 35:e21664. [PMID: 34042215 DOI: 10.1096/fj.202100230r] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/11/2021] [Revised: 04/24/2021] [Accepted: 04/30/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
The pluripotency gene regulatory network of porcine induced pluripotent stem cells(piPSCs), especially in epigenetics, remains elusive. To determine the biological function of epigenetics, we cultured piPSCs in different culture conditions. We found that activation of pluripotent gene- and pluripotency-related pathways requires the erasure of H3K9 methylation modification which was further influenced by mouse embryonic fibroblast (MEF) served feeder. By dissecting the dynamic change of H3K9 methylation during loss of pluripotency, we demonstrated that the H3K9 demethylases KDM3A and KDM3B regulated global H3K9me2/me3 level and that their co-depletion led to the collapse of the pluripotency gene regulatory network. Immunoprecipitation-mass spectrometry (IP-MS) provided evidence that KDM3A and KDM3B formed a complex to perform H3K9 demethylation. The genome-wide regulation analysis revealed that OCT4 (O) and SOX2 (S), the core pluripotency transcriptional activators, maintained the pluripotent state of piPSCs depending on the H3K9 hypomethylation. Further investigation revealed that O/S cooperating with histone demethylase complex containing KDM3A and KDM3B promoted pluripotency genes expression to maintain the pluripotent state of piPSCs. Together, these data offer a unique insight into the epigenetic pluripotency network of piPSCs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhenshuo Zhu
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Shaanxi Centre of Stem Cells Engineering & Technology, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, China
| | - Xiaolong Wu
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Shaanxi Centre of Stem Cells Engineering & Technology, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, China
| | - Qun Li
- College of Life Science, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, China
| | - Juqing Zhang
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Shaanxi Centre of Stem Cells Engineering & Technology, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, China
| | - Shuai Yu
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Shaanxi Centre of Stem Cells Engineering & Technology, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, China
| | - Qiaoyan Shen
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Shaanxi Centre of Stem Cells Engineering & Technology, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, China
| | - Zhe Zhou
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Shaanxi Centre of Stem Cells Engineering & Technology, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, China
| | - Qin Pan
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Shaanxi Centre of Stem Cells Engineering & Technology, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, China
| | - Wei Yue
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Shaanxi Centre of Stem Cells Engineering & Technology, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, China
| | - Dezhe Qin
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Shaanxi Centre of Stem Cells Engineering & Technology, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, China
| | - Ying Zhang
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Shaanxi Centre of Stem Cells Engineering & Technology, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, China
| | - Wenxu Zhao
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Shaanxi Centre of Stem Cells Engineering & Technology, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, China
| | - Rui Zhang
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Shaanxi Centre of Stem Cells Engineering & Technology, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, China
| | - Sha Peng
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Shaanxi Centre of Stem Cells Engineering & Technology, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, China
| | - Na Li
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Shaanxi Centre of Stem Cells Engineering & Technology, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, China
| | - Shiqiang Zhang
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Shaanxi Centre of Stem Cells Engineering & Technology, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, China
| | - Anmin Lei
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Shaanxi Centre of Stem Cells Engineering & Technology, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, China
| | - Yi-Liang Miao
- Institute of Stem Cell and Regenerative Biology, College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China
| | - Zhonghua Liu
- Key Laboratory of Animal Cellular and Genetic Engineering of Heilongjiang Province, College of Life Science, North-East Agricultural University, Harbin, China
| | - Xingqi Chen
- Department of Cell and Molecular Biology, Karolinska Institutet, Solna, Sweden
| | - Huayan Wang
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Shaanxi Centre of Stem Cells Engineering & Technology, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, China
| | - Mingzhi Liao
- College of Life Science, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, China
| | - Jinlian Hua
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Shaanxi Centre of Stem Cells Engineering & Technology, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, China
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13
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Suwik K, Sinderewicz E, Boruszewska D, Kowalczyk-Zięba I, Staszkiewicz-Chodor J, Łukaszuk K, Wocławek-Potocka I. mRNA Expression and Role of PPARγ and PPARδ in Bovine Preimplantation Embryos Depending on the Quality and Developmental Stage. Animals (Basel) 2020; 10:ani10122358. [PMID: 33321737 PMCID: PMC7763280 DOI: 10.3390/ani10122358] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2020] [Accepted: 12/05/2020] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Simple Summary The results of the presented study proved that in vitro produced early- and late- cleaved bovine embryos express mRNA of peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor δ (PPARδ) and peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor γ (PPARγ) at all stages of early development (2-, 4-, 16-cell embryo, morula, blastocyst). The expression of PPARδ and PPARγ was correlated with the expression of quality markers in bovine blastocysts [sex-determining region Y-box 2 (SOX2), octamer-binding transcription factor 4 (OCT4), placenta-specific 8 (PLAC8), insulin-like growth receptor (IGF1R)]. It was found that in the group of early-cleaved embryos, which is after about 30 h after fertilization, positive correlations were stronger and more frequent, whereas the negative correlations were typical for group of late-cleaved embryos, which have a first cleave after 36 h. Abstract Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptors (PPARs), a nuclear receptors for prostacyclin (PGI2) have been recognized as being essential for early embryo development. The objectives of the present study were to determine if the bovine early- and late-cleaved embryos in different stages of early development express PPARγ and PPARδ. Since embryo developmental competence depends on numerous biological factors, we evaluated if the expression of PPARγ and PPARδ correlate with selected embryo quality markers (SOX2, OCT4, PLAC8, IGF1R) in the in vitro produced embryos at different stages of their development. Developmental rates and embryo quality for early- and late-cleaved embryos were provided according to International Embryo Transfer Society (IETS; developmental stages: 2-, 4-, 16-cell embryo, morula, blastocyst (1—early, 2—developing, 3—expanded, 4—hatched); quality stages: A—high quality, B—moderate quality, C—low quality). We found that bovine embryos expressed mRNA of PPARδ and PPARγ at all stages of early development, independently of their quality. In addition, the expression of PPARδ and PPARγ correlated with the expression of quality markers in bovine blastocysts. Positive correlations were stronger and more frequent in the group of early-cleaved embryos, whereas the negative correlations were typical for the group of late-cleaved embryos. Obtained results and available literature reports may indicate the participation of PGI2, via PPARδ and PPARγ, in the processes related to the early embryo development, through the participation of this factor in the modulation of blastocyst hatching, implantation, and post-implantation development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katarzyna Suwik
- Department of Gamete and Embryo Biology, Institute of Animal Reproduction and Food Research, Polish Academy of Sciences, 10-747 Olsztyn, Poland; (K.S.); (E.S.); (D.B.); (I.K.-Z.); (J.S.-C.)
| | - Emilia Sinderewicz
- Department of Gamete and Embryo Biology, Institute of Animal Reproduction and Food Research, Polish Academy of Sciences, 10-747 Olsztyn, Poland; (K.S.); (E.S.); (D.B.); (I.K.-Z.); (J.S.-C.)
| | - Dorota Boruszewska
- Department of Gamete and Embryo Biology, Institute of Animal Reproduction and Food Research, Polish Academy of Sciences, 10-747 Olsztyn, Poland; (K.S.); (E.S.); (D.B.); (I.K.-Z.); (J.S.-C.)
| | - Ilona Kowalczyk-Zięba
- Department of Gamete and Embryo Biology, Institute of Animal Reproduction and Food Research, Polish Academy of Sciences, 10-747 Olsztyn, Poland; (K.S.); (E.S.); (D.B.); (I.K.-Z.); (J.S.-C.)
| | - Joanna Staszkiewicz-Chodor
- Department of Gamete and Embryo Biology, Institute of Animal Reproduction and Food Research, Polish Academy of Sciences, 10-747 Olsztyn, Poland; (K.S.); (E.S.); (D.B.); (I.K.-Z.); (J.S.-C.)
| | - Krzysztof Łukaszuk
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecological Nursing, Faculty of Health Sciences, Medical University of Gdansk, 80-210 Gdansk, Poland;
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The Medical Center of Postgraduate Education, 02-091 Warsaw, Poland
- INVICTA Fertility and Reproductive Center, 80-850 Gdansk, Poland
| | - Izabela Wocławek-Potocka
- Department of Gamete and Embryo Biology, Institute of Animal Reproduction and Food Research, Polish Academy of Sciences, 10-747 Olsztyn, Poland; (K.S.); (E.S.); (D.B.); (I.K.-Z.); (J.S.-C.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +48-895393155
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14
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Schock EN, LaBonne C. Sorting Sox: Diverse Roles for Sox Transcription Factors During Neural Crest and Craniofacial Development. Front Physiol 2020; 11:606889. [PMID: 33424631 PMCID: PMC7793875 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2020.606889] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2020] [Accepted: 11/09/2020] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Sox transcription factors play many diverse roles during development, including regulating stem cell states, directing differentiation, and influencing the local chromatin landscape. Of the twenty vertebrate Sox factors, several play critical roles in the development the neural crest, a key vertebrate innovation, and the subsequent formation of neural crest-derived structures, including the craniofacial complex. Herein, we review the specific roles for individual Sox factors during neural crest cell formation and discuss how some factors may have been essential for the evolution of the neural crest. Additionally, we describe how Sox factors direct neural crest cell differentiation into diverse lineages such as melanocytes, glia, and cartilage and detail their involvement in the development of specific craniofacial structures. Finally, we highlight several SOXopathies associated with craniofacial phenotypes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elizabeth N Schock
- Department of Molecular Biosciences, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL, United States
| | - Carole LaBonne
- Department of Molecular Biosciences, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL, United States.,NSF-Simons Center for Quantitative Biology, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL, United States
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15
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Konstantinides N, Desplan C. Neuronal differentiation strategies: insights from single-cell sequencing and machine learning. Development 2020; 147:dev193631. [PMID: 33293292 PMCID: PMC7746664 DOI: 10.1242/dev.193631] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Neuronal replacement therapies rely on the in vitro differentiation of specific cell types from embryonic or induced pluripotent stem cells, or on the direct reprogramming of differentiated adult cells via the expression of transcription factors or signaling molecules. The factors used to induce differentiation or reprogramming are often identified by informed guesses based on differential gene expression or known roles for these factors during development. Moreover, differentiation protocols usually result in partly differentiated cells or the production of a mix of cell types. In this Hypothesis article, we suggest that, to overcome these inefficiencies and improve neuronal differentiation protocols, we need to take into account the developmental history of the desired cell types. Specifically, we present a strategy that uses single-cell sequencing techniques combined with machine learning as a principled method to select a sequence of programming factors that are important not only in adult neurons but also during differentiation.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Claude Desplan
- Department of Biology, New York University, New York, NY 10003, USA
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16
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Wiesel-Motiuk N, Assaraf YG. The key roles of the lysine acetyltransferases KAT6A and KAT6B in physiology and pathology. Drug Resist Updat 2020; 53:100729. [PMID: 33130515 DOI: 10.1016/j.drup.2020.100729] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/18/2020] [Revised: 08/21/2020] [Accepted: 08/28/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Histone modifications and more specifically ε-lysine acylations are key epigenetic regulators that control chromatin structure and gene transcription, thereby impacting on various important cellular processes and phenotypes. Furthermore, lysine acetylation of many non-histone proteins is involved in key cellular processes including transcription, DNA damage repair, metabolism, cellular proliferation, mitosis, signal transduction, protein folding, and autophagy. Acetylation affects protein functions through multiple mechanisms including regulation of protein stability, enzymatic activity, subcellular localization, crosstalk with other post-translational modifications as well as regulation of protein-protein and protein-DNA interactions. The paralogous lysine acetyltransferases KAT6A and KAT6B which belong to the MYST family of acetyltransferases, were first discovered approximately 25 years ago. KAT6 acetyltransferases acylate both histone H3 and non-histone proteins. In this respect, KAT6 acetyltransferases play key roles in regulation of transcription, various developmental processes, maintenance of hematopoietic and neural stem cells, regulation of hematopoietic cell differentiation, cell cycle progression as well as mitosis. In the current review, we discuss the physiological functions of the acetyltransferases KAT6A and KAT6B as well as their functions under pathological conditions of aberrant expression, leading to several developmental syndromes and cancer. Importantly, both upregulation and downregulation of KAT6 proteins was shown to play a role in cancer formation, progression, and therapy resistance, suggesting that they can act as oncogenes or tumor suppressors. We also describe reciprocal regulation of expression between KAT6 proteins and several microRNAs as well as their involvement in cancer formation, progression and resistance to therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Naama Wiesel-Motiuk
- The Fred Wyszkowski Cancer Research Laboratory, Dept. of Biology, Technion-Israel Institute of Technology, Haifa, 3200003, Israel
| | - Yehuda G Assaraf
- The Fred Wyszkowski Cancer Research Laboratory, Dept. of Biology, Technion-Israel Institute of Technology, Haifa, 3200003, Israel.
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17
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Chen S, Li H, Li X, Chen W, Zhang X, Yang Z, Chen Z, Chen J, Zhang Y, Shi D, Song M. High SOX8 expression promotes tumor growth and predicts poor prognosis through GOLPH3 signaling in tongue squamous cell carcinoma. Cancer Med 2020; 9:4274-4289. [PMID: 32307911 PMCID: PMC7300415 DOI: 10.1002/cam4.3041] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2019] [Revised: 02/24/2020] [Accepted: 03/14/2020] [Indexed: 01/29/2023] Open
Abstract
According to our previous study, GOLPH3 is markedly up-expressed in tongue squamous cell carcinoma (TSCC), which is also associated with poor survival. However, it remains unclear about key upstream and downstream mechanisms of GOLPH3. This study aimed to illuminate new mechanisms modulating GOLPH3 upregulation and promoting TSCC development at the molecular level. Using mass spectrometry and agarose-streptavidin-biotin pull-down analyses, SOX8 (SRY-Box 8) was identified to be the new protein to bind the GOLPH3 promoter within TSCC cells, which was further verified to be the regulator of GOLPH3 upregulation. The knockdown of SOX8 suppressed the promoter activity of GOLPH3, while secondarily inhibiting TSCC cell proliferation both in vivo and in vitro. Interestingly, GOLPH3 overexpression rescued the SOX8 knockdown-mediated suppression on TSCC proliferation. Additionally, exogenous over-expression of SOX8 also activated the activity of promoter as well as GOLPH3 expression, in the meantime of promoting TSCC development. Moreover it was discovered that SOX8 regulated GOLPH3 expression through interacting with TFAP2A. Moreover our results suggested that the SOX8 level was increased within tumor tissue compared with that in para-cancer normal counterpart, which showed positive correlation with the GOLPH3 level. According to Kaplan-Meier analyses, TSCC cases having higher SOX8 and GOLPH3 expression were associated with poorer prognostic outcomes. Taken together, this study reveals that SOX8 enhances the TSCC cell growth via the direct transcriptional activation of GOLPH3, which also indicates the potential to use SOX8/GOLPH3 pathway as the treatment target among TSCC patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuwei Chen
- Department of Head and Neck Surgery, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, China.,State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Guangzhou, China.,Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Guangzhou, China
| | - Huan Li
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Guangzhou, China.,Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Guangzhou, China.,Department of Intensive Care Unit, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xiyuan Li
- Department of Head and Neck Surgery, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, China.,State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Guangzhou, China.,Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Guangzhou, China
| | - Wenkuan Chen
- Department of Head and Neck Surgery, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, China.,State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Guangzhou, China.,Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xing Zhang
- Department of Head and Neck Surgery, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, China.,State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Guangzhou, China.,Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Guangzhou, China
| | - Zhongyuan Yang
- Department of Head and Neck Surgery, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, China.,State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Guangzhou, China.,Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Guangzhou, China
| | - Zhipeng Chen
- Department of Head and Neck Surgery, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, China.,State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Guangzhou, China.,Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jingtao Chen
- Department of Head and Neck Surgery, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, China.,State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Guangzhou, China.,Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Guangzhou, China
| | - Ying Zhang
- Department of Head and Neck Surgery, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, China.,State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Guangzhou, China.,Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Guangzhou, China
| | - Dingbo Shi
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Guangzhou, China.,Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Guangzhou, China.,Department of Experimental Research, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, China
| | - Ming Song
- Department of Head and Neck Surgery, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, China.,State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Guangzhou, China.,Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Guangzhou, China
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18
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Characterization of progenitor/stem cell population from human dental socket and their multidifferentiation potential. Cell Tissue Bank 2019; 21:31-46. [PMID: 31807957 DOI: 10.1007/s10561-019-09794-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/07/2019] [Accepted: 11/23/2019] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Dental stem cells have many applications in medicine, dentistry and stem cell biology in general due to their easy accessibility and low morbidity. A common surgical manoeuvre after a tooth extraction is the dental socket curettage which is necessary to clean the alveolus and favour alveolar bone healing. This procedure can cause very low morbidity compared to bone marrow collection procedures and the collected material is normally discarded. In order to investigate if the tissue obtained by dental socket curettage after a tooth extraction was a feasible alternative source to isolate human stem cells, we isolated and characterized two different stem cell populations based on STRO-1 and CD146 expression. We were able to collect and grow cells from dental socket of vital and non-vital teeth. Both populations were proliferative, clonogenic and expressed STRO-1, CD146, CD90, NG2, PDGFR-β, which are markers found in stem cells, presented in vitro multiline-differentiation into osteogenic, chondrogenic, and adipogenic tissue, and in vivo transplanted cells formed mineralized tissue. Interestingly, STRO-1+ clonogenic cells presented better multidifferentiation than CD146+ cells. Our results showed that mesenchymal stem cells can be isolated from the tiny tissue collected by dental socket curettage after vital and non-vital tooth extraction and suggest that STRO-1 is an important marker to be used to sort cells with multidifferentiation capacity.
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19
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HDAC5-mediated deacetylation and nuclear localisation of SOX9 is critical for tamoxifen resistance in breast cancer. Br J Cancer 2019; 121:1039-1049. [PMID: 31690832 PMCID: PMC6964674 DOI: 10.1038/s41416-019-0625-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/04/2018] [Revised: 09/25/2019] [Accepted: 10/17/2019] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Tamoxifen resistance remains a significant clinical challenge for the therapy of ER-positive breast cancer. It has been reported that the upregulation of transcription factor SOX9 in ER+ recurrent cancer is sufficient for tamoxifen resistance. However, the mechanisms underlying the regulation of SOX9 remain largely unknown. METHODS The acetylation level of SOX9 was detected by immunoprecipitation and western blotting. The expressions of HDACs and SIRTs were evaluated by qRT-PCR. Cell growth was measured by performing MTT assay. ALDH-positive breast cancer stem cells were evaluated by flow cytometry. Interaction between HDAC5 and SOX9 was determined by immunoprecipitation assay. RESULTS Deacetylation is required for SOX9 nuclear translocation in tamoxifen-resistant breast cancer cells. Furthermore, HDAC5 is the key deacetylase responsible for SOX9 deacetylation and subsequent nuclear translocation. In addition, the transcription factor C-MYC directly promotes the expression of HDAC5 in tamoxifen resistant breast cancer cells. For clinical relevance, high SOX9 and HDAC5 expression are associated with lower survival rates in breast cancer patients treated with tamoxifen. CONCLUSIONS This study reveals that HDAC5 regulated by C-MYC is essential for SOX9 deacetylation and nuclear localisation, which is critical for tamoxifen resistance. These results indicate a potential therapy strategy for ER+ breast cancer by targeting C-MYC/HDAC5/SOX9 axis.
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20
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Taleahmad S, Alikhani M, Mollamohammadi S, Yousefi M, Taei A, Hassani SN, Baharvand H, Salekdeh GH. Inhibition of Human Y Chromosome Gene, SRY, Promotes Naïve State of Human Pluripotent Stem Cells. J Proteome Res 2019; 18:4254-4261. [PMID: 31580082 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jproteome.9b00396] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Abstract
Although males and females have a variety of sexually dimorphic features related to hormonal effects, the genetic basis of dimorphism relies on early embryo development. Two pluripotent states, naïve and primed, emerge during early mammalian development. Identification of signaling pathways that induce differences between these two states can help to modulate conversion of primed cells to naïve cells. Naïve cells have a shorter doubling time and longer survival than their primed counterparts when passaged as single cells. In this study, we sought to explore the role of Y chromosome genes on human pluripotent stem cells (hPSCs) by investigating differential expressions of the male-specific region of the Y chromosome (MSY) genes in primed and naïve cells. Interestingly, we found that several MSY genes, including SRY, showed higher expression levels in primed compared to naïve human embryonic stem cells (hESCs). We hypothesize that SRY prevents WNT/β-catenin signaling by its interaction and inhibition of β-catenin activation in the nucleus. Results of the loss-of-function approach conducted by depletion of SRY indicated increased expressions of pluripotency marker genes and alkaline phosphatase (ALP) activity in the primed cells. SRY reduction was associated with overexpression of WNT signaling target genes AXIN2, Brachury, TCF1, TBX2, and TBX3. We suggest that inhibition of SRY may result in activation of β-catenin and up-regulation of the WNT signaling pathway, both of which are important to naïve conversion.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sara Taleahmad
- Department of Stem Cells and Developmental Biology, Cell Science Research Center , Royan Institute for Stem Cell Biology and Technology, ACECR , Tehran 16635-148 , Iran
| | - Mehdi Alikhani
- Department of Molecular Systems Biology, Cell Science Research Center , Royan Institute for Stem Cell Biology and Technology, ACECR , Tehran 16635-148 , Iran
| | - Sepideh Mollamohammadi
- Department of Stem Cells and Developmental Biology, Cell Science Research Center , Royan Institute for Stem Cell Biology and Technology, ACECR , Tehran 16635-148 , Iran
| | - Meisam Yousefi
- Department of Stem Cells and Developmental Biology, Cell Science Research Center , Royan Institute for Stem Cell Biology and Technology, ACECR , Tehran 16635-148 , Iran
| | - Adeleh Taei
- Department of Stem Cells and Developmental Biology, Cell Science Research Center , Royan Institute for Stem Cell Biology and Technology, ACECR , Tehran 16635-148 , Iran
| | - Seyedeh Nafiseh Hassani
- Department of Stem Cells and Developmental Biology, Cell Science Research Center , Royan Institute for Stem Cell Biology and Technology, ACECR , Tehran 16635-148 , Iran
| | - Hossein Baharvand
- Department of Stem Cells and Developmental Biology, Cell Science Research Center , Royan Institute for Stem Cell Biology and Technology, ACECR , Tehran 16635-148 , Iran.,Department of Developmental Biology , University of Science and Culture , Tehran 113145-871 , Iran
| | - Ghasem Hosseini Salekdeh
- Department of Molecular Systems Biology, Cell Science Research Center , Royan Institute for Stem Cell Biology and Technology, ACECR , Tehran 16635-148 , Iran.,Department of Molecular Sciences , Macquarie University , Sydney , NSW 2109 , Australia.,Department of Systems and Synthetic Biology , Agricultural Biotechnology Research Institute of Iran , Karaj 313593315 , Iran
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21
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Mehta GA, Khanna P, Gatza ML. Emerging Role of SOX Proteins in Breast Cancer Development and Maintenance. J Mammary Gland Biol Neoplasia 2019; 24:213-230. [PMID: 31069617 PMCID: PMC6790170 DOI: 10.1007/s10911-019-09430-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2019] [Accepted: 04/21/2019] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
The SOX genes encode a family of more than 20 transcription factors that are critical regulators of embryogenesis and developmental processes and, when aberrantly expressed, have been shown to contribute to tumor development and progression in both an oncogenic and tumor suppressive role. Increasing evidence demonstrates that the SOX proteins play essential roles in multiple cellular processes that mediate or contribute to oncogenic transformation and tumor progression. In the context of breast cancer, SOX proteins function both as oncogenes and tumor suppressors and have been shown to be associated with tumor stage and grade and poor prognosis. Experimental evidence demonstrates that a subset of SOX proteins regulate critical aspects of breast cancer biology including cancer stemness and multiple signaling pathways leading to altered cell proliferation, survival, and tumor development; EMT, cell migration and metastasis; as well as other tumor associated characteristics. This review will summarize the role of SOX family members as important mediators of tumorigenesis in breast cancer, with an emphasis on the triple negative or basal-like subtype of breast cancer, as well as examine the therapeutic potential of these genes and their downstream targets.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gaurav A Mehta
- Rutgers Cancer Institute of New Jersey, 195 Little Albany Street, CINJ 4558, New Brunswick, NJ, 08903, USA
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Robert Wood Johnson Medical School, New Brunswick, NJ, USA
- Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey, New Brunswick, NJ, USA
| | - Pooja Khanna
- Rutgers Cancer Institute of New Jersey, 195 Little Albany Street, CINJ 4558, New Brunswick, NJ, 08903, USA
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Robert Wood Johnson Medical School, New Brunswick, NJ, USA
- Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey, New Brunswick, NJ, USA
| | - Michael L Gatza
- Rutgers Cancer Institute of New Jersey, 195 Little Albany Street, CINJ 4558, New Brunswick, NJ, 08903, USA.
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Robert Wood Johnson Medical School, New Brunswick, NJ, USA.
- Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey, New Brunswick, NJ, USA.
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22
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Ferris E, Abegglen LM, Schiffman JD, Gregg C. Accelerated Evolution in Distinctive Species Reveals Candidate Elements for Clinically Relevant Traits, Including Mutation and Cancer Resistance. Cell Rep 2019. [PMID: 29514101 PMCID: PMC6294302 DOI: 10.1016/j.celrep.2018.02.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
The identity of most functional elements in the mammalian genome and the phenotypes they impact are unclear. Here, we perform a genomewide comparative analysis of patterns of accelerated evolution in species with highly distinctive traits to discover candidate functional elements for clinically important phenotypes. We identify accelerated regions (ARs) in the elephant, hibernating bat, orca, dolphin, naked mole rat, and thirteen-lined ground squirrel lineages in mammalian conserved regions, uncovering ~33,000 elements that bind hundreds of different regulatory proteins in humans and mice. ARs in the elephant, the largest land mammal, are uniquely enriched near elephant DNA damage response genes. The genomic hotspot for elephant ARs is the E3 ligase subunit of the Fanconi anemia complex, a master regulator of DNA repair. Additionally, ARs in the six species are associated with specific human clinical phenotypes that have apparent concordance with overt traits in each species.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elliott Ferris
- Department of Neurobiology and Anatomy, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT 84132-3401, USA
| | - Lisa M Abegglen
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT 84132-3401, USA; Huntsman Cancer Institute, Salt Lake City, UT, USA
| | - Joshua D Schiffman
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT 84132-3401, USA; Department of Oncological Sciences, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT 84132-3401, USA; Huntsman Cancer Institute, Salt Lake City, UT, USA
| | - Christopher Gregg
- Department of Neurobiology and Anatomy, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT 84132-3401, USA; Department of Human Genetics, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT 84132-3401, USA; New York Stem Cell Foundation, New York, NY, USA.
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23
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Huang P, Ge P, Tian QF, Huang GB. Prediction of key transcription factors during skin regeneration by combining gene expression data and regulatory network information analysis. INT J BIOMATH 2019. [DOI: 10.1142/s1793524519500244] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
Purpose: Burn is one of the most common injuries in clinical practice. The use of transcription factors (TFs) has been reported to reverse the epigenetic rewiring process and has great promise for skin regeneration. To better identify key TFs for skin reprogramming, we proposed a predictive system that conjoint analyzed gene expression data and regulatory network information. Methods: Firstly, the gene expression data in skin tissues were downloaded and the LIMMA package was used to identify differential-expressed genes (DEGs). Then three ways, including identification of TFs from the DEGs, enrichment analysis of TFs by a Fisher’s test, the direct and network-based influence degree analysis of TFs, were used to identify the key TFs related to skin regeneration. Finally, to obtain most comprehensive combination of TFs, the coverage extent of all the TFs were analyzed by Venn diagrams. Results: The top 30 TFs combinations with higher coverage were acquired. Especially, TFAP2A, ZEB1, and NFKB1 exerted greater regulatory influence on other DEGs in the local network and presented relatively higher degrees in the protein–protein interaction (PPI) networks. Conclusion: These TFs identification could give a deeper understanding of the molecular mechanism of cell trans-differentiation, and provide a reference for the skin regeneration and burn treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ping Huang
- Medical Laboratory Diagnostic Center, Jinan Central Hospital Affiliated to Shandong University, Jinan 250013, Shandong, P. R. China
| | - Peng Ge
- Department of Burn and Plastic Surgery, The People’s Hospital of Zhangqiu Area, Jinan 250200, Shandong, P. R. China
| | - Qing-Fen Tian
- Department of Burn and Plastic Surgery, Jinan Central Hospital Affiliated to Shandong University, Jinan 250013, Shandong, P. R. China
| | - Guo-Bao Huang
- Department of Burn and Plastic Surgery, Jinan Central Hospital Affiliated to Shandong University, Jinan 250013, Shandong, P. R. China
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24
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Pierron F, Daffe G, Lambert P, Couture P, Baudrimont M. Retrotransposon methylation and activity in wild fish (A. anguilla): A matter of size. ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (BARKING, ESSEX : 1987) 2019; 245:494-503. [PMID: 30458379 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2018.11.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/07/2018] [Revised: 11/02/2018] [Accepted: 11/05/2018] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Understanding how organisms cope with global change is a major question in many fields of biology. Mainly, understanding the molecular mechanisms supporting rapid phenotypic changes of organisms in response to stress and linking stress-induced molecular events to adaptive or adverse outcomes at the individual or population levels remain a major challenge in evolutionary biology, ecology or ecotoxicology. In this view, the present study aimed to test (i) whether environmental factors, especially pollutants, can trigger changes in the activity of retrotransposons (RTs) in wild fish and (ii) if changes in RT DNA methylation or transcription levels can be linked to modifications at the individual level. RTs are genetic elements that have the ability to replicate and integrate elsewhere in the genome. Although RTs are mainly quiescent during normal development, they can be experimentally activated under life-threatening conditions, affecting the fitness of their host. Wild eels were collected in four sampling sites presenting differing levels of contamination. The methylation level and the transcriptional activity of two RTs and two genes involved in development and cell differentiation were analyzed in fish liver in addition to the determination of fish contaminants levels and diverse growth and morphometric indices. An up-regulation of RTs associated to lower methylation levels and lower growth indices were observed in highly contaminated fish. Our results suggest that RT activation in fish experiencing stress conditions could have both detrimental and beneficial implications, affecting fish growth but promoting resistance to environmental stressors such as pollutants.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Guillemine Daffe
- CNRS, Université de Bordeaux, Observatoire Aquitain des Sciences de l'Univers, UMS 2567 POREA, Allée Geoffroy Saint Hilaire, F-33615, Pessac, France
| | - Patrick Lambert
- Institut National de Recherche en Sciences et Technologies pour l'Environnement et l'Agriculture (IRSTEA), équipe Poissons Migrateurs Amphihalins (PMA), Cestas, France
| | - Patrice Couture
- Institut national de La Recherche Scientifique (INRS), Centre Eau Terre Environnement, 490 rue de La Couronne, Québec, QC G1K 9A9, Canada
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25
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Sox10 Regulates Plasticity of Epithelial Progenitors toward Secretory Units of Exocrine Glands. Stem Cell Reports 2019; 12:366-380. [PMID: 30713042 PMCID: PMC6373627 DOI: 10.1016/j.stemcr.2019.01.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/03/2018] [Revised: 12/31/2018] [Accepted: 01/02/2019] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Understanding how epithelial progenitors within exocrine glands establish specific cell lineages and form complex functional secretory units is vital for organ regeneration. Here we identify the transcription factor Sox10 as essential for both the maintenance and differentiation of epithelial KIT+FGFR2b+ progenitors into secretory units, containing acinar, myoepithelial, and intercalated duct cells. The KIT/FGFR2b-Sox10 axis marks the earliest multi-potent and tissue-specific progenitors of exocrine glands. Genetic deletion of epithelial Sox10 leads to loss of secretory units, which reduces organ size and function, but the ductal tree is retained. Intriguingly, the remaining duct progenitors do not compensate for loss of Sox10 and lack plasticity to properly form secretory units. However, overexpression of Sox10 in these ductal progenitors enhances their plasticity toward KIT+ progenitors and induces differentiation into secretory units. Therefore, Sox10 controls plasticity and multi-potency of epithelial KIT+ cells in secretory organs, such as mammary, lacrimal, and salivary glands. Sox10 marks the initial multi-potent KIT+ progenitors of exocrine glandular tissues KIT+ progenitors require Sox10 for their maintenance Sox10 is necessary for proper lineage development of secretory units Sox10 is sufficient to induce cell plasticity in non-KIT+ epithelial cells
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26
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MicroRNA-135a-5p promotes neuronal differentiation of pluripotent embryonal carcinoma cells by repressing Sox6/CD44 pathway. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2018; 509:603-610. [PMID: 30606481 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2018.12.162] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/17/2018] [Accepted: 12/25/2018] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
MicroRNA-135a-5p has been reported to play a potential role in the generation of new neurons. However, the underlying targets of miR-135a-5p in regulating neuronal differentiation have been poorly understood. Our study recently has uncovered that Sox6 and CD44 genes were significantly downregulated during neuronal differentiation of P19 cells, a multipotent cell type. We then found that Sox6 directly bound to the promoter of CD44. Importantly, we identified Sox6 as a direct target of miR-135a-5p. Additionally, we demonstrated that miR-135a-5p is crucial for the neuronal differentiation of P19 cells. More significantly, we found that Sox6 overexpression could overturn miR-135a-5p-mediated neuronal differentiation and dendrite development. In conclusion, these findings indicated that miR-135a-5p/Sox6/CD44 axis provides an important molecular target mechanism for neurodifferentiation.
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27
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Zhang S, Chen X, Wang M, Zhang W, Pan J, Qin Q, Zhong L, Shao J, Sun M, Jiang H, Bian W. Genome-wide identification, phylogeny and expressional profile of the Sox gene family in channel catfish (Ictalurus punctatus). COMPARATIVE BIOCHEMISTRY AND PHYSIOLOGY D-GENOMICS & PROTEOMICS 2018; 28:17-26. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cbd.2018.03.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/12/2017] [Revised: 12/11/2017] [Accepted: 03/05/2018] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
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28
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Ma G, Abbasi F, Koch WT, Mostowski H, Varadkar P, Mccright B. Evaluation of the differentiation status of neural stem cells based on cell morphology and the expression of Notch and Sox2. Cytotherapy 2018; 20:1472-1485. [PMID: 30523789 DOI: 10.1016/j.jcyt.2018.10.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2018] [Revised: 09/28/2018] [Accepted: 10/01/2018] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Neural stem cells (NSCs) isolated from a variety of sources are being developed as cellular therapies aimed at treating neurodegenerative diseases. During NSC culture and expansion it is important the cells do not differentiate prematurely because this may have an unfavorable effect on product quality and yield. In our study, we evaluated the use of Notch and Sox2 as markers for undifferentiated human and mouse NSCs. The expression of Notch2 and Sox2 during extensive-passage, low-oxygen culture and differentiation conditions were analyzed to confirm that the presence of these signature proteins directly correlates with the ability of NSCs to form new neurospheres and differentiate into multiple cell types. Using expression of Notch1, Notch2 and Sox2 as a reference, we then used flow cytometry to identify a specific morphological profile for undifferentiated murine and human NSCs. Our studies show that Notch and Sox2 expression, along with flow cytometry analysis, can be used to monitor the differentiation status of NSCs grown in culture for use in cellular therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ge Ma
- US Food & Drug Administration, Center for Biologics Evaluation and Research, Office of Tissues and Advanced Therapies, Division of Cellular and Gene Therapies, Silver Spring, Maryland, USA
| | - Fatima Abbasi
- US Food & Drug Administration, Center for Biologics Evaluation and Research, Office of Tissues and Advanced Therapies, Division of Cellular and Gene Therapies, Silver Spring, Maryland, USA
| | - William T Koch
- US Food & Drug Administration, Center for Biologics Evaluation and Research, Office of Tissues and Advanced Therapies, Division of Cellular and Gene Therapies, Silver Spring, Maryland, USA
| | - Howard Mostowski
- US Food & Drug Administration, Center for Biologics Evaluation and Research, Office of Tissues and Advanced Therapies, Division of Cellular and Gene Therapies, Silver Spring, Maryland, USA
| | - Prajakta Varadkar
- US Food & Drug Administration, Center for Biologics Evaluation and Research, Office of Tissues and Advanced Therapies, Division of Cellular and Gene Therapies, Silver Spring, Maryland, USA
| | - Brent Mccright
- US Food & Drug Administration, Center for Biologics Evaluation and Research, Office of Tissues and Advanced Therapies, Division of Cellular and Gene Therapies, Silver Spring, Maryland, USA.
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29
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Wang X, Li X, Wang T, Wu SP, Jeong JW, Kim TH, Young SL, Lessey BA, Lanz RB, Lydon JP, DeMayo FJ. SOX17 regulates uterine epithelial-stromal cross-talk acting via a distal enhancer upstream of Ihh. Nat Commun 2018; 9:4421. [PMID: 30356064 PMCID: PMC6200785 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-018-06652-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2018] [Accepted: 08/31/2018] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Mammalian pregnancy depends on the ability of the uterus to support embryo implantation. Previous studies reveal the Sox17 gene as a downstream target of the Pgr-Gata2-dependent transcription network that directs genomic actions in the uterine endometrium receptive for embryo implantation. Here, we report that ablating Sox17 in the uterine epithelium impairs leukemia inhibitory factor (LIF) and Indian hedgehog homolog (IHH) signaling, leading to failure of embryo implantation. In vivo deletion of the SOX17-binding region 19 kb upstream of the Ihh locus by CRISPR-Cas technology reduces Ihh expression specifically in the uterus and alters proper endometrial epithelial-stromal interactions, thereby impairing pregnancy. This SOX17-binding interval is also bound by GATA2, FOXA2, and PGR. This cluster of transcription factor binding is common in 737 uterine genes and may represent a key regulatory element essential for uterine epithelial gene expression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoqiu Wang
- Reproductive and Development Biology Laboratory, National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, Research Triangle Park, NC, USA
- Department of Animal Science, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC, USA
| | - Xilong Li
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Biology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA
- Feed Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Tianyuan Wang
- Integrative Bioinformatics Support Group, National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, Research Triangle Park, NC, USA
| | - San-Pin Wu
- Reproductive and Development Biology Laboratory, National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, Research Triangle Park, NC, USA
| | - Jae-Wook Jeong
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology and Reproductive Biology, Michigan State University, Grand Rapids, MI, USA
| | - Tae Hoon Kim
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology and Reproductive Biology, Michigan State University, Grand Rapids, MI, USA
| | - Steven L Young
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| | - Bruce A Lessey
- Deptartment of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of South Carolina School of Medicine, Greenville, SC, USA
| | - Rainer B Lanz
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Biology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA
| | - John P Lydon
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Biology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Francesco J DeMayo
- Reproductive and Development Biology Laboratory, National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, Research Triangle Park, NC, USA.
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Xue Y, Lai L, Lian W, Tu X, Zhou J, Dong P, Su D, Wang X, Cao X, Chen Y, Wang Q. SOX9/FXYD3/Src Axis Is Critical for ER+ Breast Cancer Stem Cell Function. Mol Cancer Res 2018; 17:238-249. [PMID: 30206184 DOI: 10.1158/1541-7786.mcr-18-0610] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/09/2018] [Revised: 08/01/2018] [Accepted: 08/30/2018] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Yue Xue
- Institute of Immunology, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Lihua Lai
- Institute of Immunology, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Wenwen Lian
- Institute of Immunology, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Xintao Tu
- Institute of Immunology, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Jiaojiao Zhou
- Department of Oncology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Ping Dong
- Department of Neurobiology, Institute of Neuroscience, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Dan Su
- Zhejiang Cancer Hospital, Hangzhou, China
| | | | - Xuetao Cao
- Institute of Immunology, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
- National Key Laboratory of Medical Molecular Biology, Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, Peking Union Medical College, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Yiding Chen
- Department of Oncology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Qingqing Wang
- Institute of Immunology, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China.
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31
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Buitrago-Delgado E, Schock EN, Nordin K, LaBonne C. A transition from SoxB1 to SoxE transcription factors is essential for progression from pluripotent blastula cells to neural crest cells. Dev Biol 2018; 444:50-61. [PMID: 30144418 DOI: 10.1016/j.ydbio.2018.08.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2018] [Revised: 08/10/2018] [Accepted: 08/21/2018] [Indexed: 01/30/2023]
Abstract
The neural crest is a stem cell population unique to vertebrate embryos that gives rise to derivatives from multiple embryonic germ layers. The molecular underpinnings of potency that govern neural crest potential are highly conserved with that of pluripotent blastula stem cells, suggesting that neural crest cells may have evolved through retention of aspects of the pluripotency gene regulatory network (GRN). A striking difference in the regulatory factors utilized in pluripotent blastula cells and neural crest cells is the deployment of different sub-families of Sox transcription factors; SoxB1 factors play central roles in the pluripotency of naïve blastula and ES cells, whereas neural crest cells require SoxE function. Here we explore the shared and distinct activities of these factors to shed light on the role that this molecular hand-off of Sox factor activity plays in the genesis of neural crest and the lineages derived from it. Our findings provide evidence that SoxB1 and SoxE factors have both overlapping and distinct activities in regulating pluripotency and lineage restriction in the embryo. We hypothesize that SoxE factors may transiently replace SoxB1 factors to control pluripotency in neural crest cells, and then poise these cells to contribute to glial, chondrogenic and melanocyte lineages at stages when SoxB1 factors promote neuronal progenitor formation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elsy Buitrago-Delgado
- Dept. of Molecular Biosciences, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL 60208, United States
| | - Elizabeth N Schock
- Dept. of Molecular Biosciences, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL 60208, United States
| | - Kara Nordin
- Dept. of Molecular Biosciences, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL 60208, United States
| | - Carole LaBonne
- Dept. of Molecular Biosciences, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL 60208, United States; Robert H. Lurie Comprehensive Cancer Center, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL 60208, United States.
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33
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Han JY, Lee HG, Park YH, Hwang YS, Kim SK, Rengaraj D, Cho BW, Lim JM. Acquisition of pluripotency in the chick embryo occurs during intrauterine embryonic development via a unique transcriptional network. J Anim Sci Biotechnol 2018; 9:31. [PMID: 29644074 PMCID: PMC5891889 DOI: 10.1186/s40104-018-0246-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/11/2017] [Accepted: 02/26/2018] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Acquisition of pluripotency by transcriptional regulatory factors is an initial developmental event that is required for regulation of cell fate and lineage specification during early embryonic development. The evolutionarily conserved core transcriptional factors regulating the pluripotency network in fishes, amphibians, and mammals have been elucidated. There are also species-specific maternally inherited transcriptional factors and their intricate transcriptional networks important in the acquisition of pluripotency. In avian species, however, the core transcriptional network that governs the acquisition of pluripotency during early embryonic development is not well understood. Results We found that chicken NANOG (cNANOG) was expressed in the stages between the pre-ovulatory follicle and oocyte and was continuously detected in Eyal-Giladi and Kochav stage I (EGK.I) to X. However, cPOUV was not expressed during folliculogenesis, but began to be detectable between EGK.V and VI. Unexpectedly, cSOX2 could not be detected during folliculogenesis and intrauterine embryonic development. Instead of cSOX2, cSOX3 was maternally inherited and continuously expressed during chicken intrauterine development. In addition, we found that the pluripotency-related genes such as cENS-1, cKIT, cLIN28A, cMYC, cPRDM14, and cSALL4 began to be dramatically upregulated between EGK.VI and VIII. Conclusion These results suggest that chickens have a unique pluripotent circuitry since maternally inherited cNANOG and cSOX3 may play an important role in the initial acquisition of pluripotency. Moreover, the acquisition of pluripotency in chicken embryos occurs at around EGK.VI to VIII.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jae Yong Han
- 1Department of Agricultural Biotechnology and Research Institute of Agriculture and Life Sciences, College of Agriculture and Life Sciences, Seoul National University, Seoul, 08826 Korea.,2Institute for Biomedical Sciences, Shinshu University, Minamiminowa, Nagano, 399-4598 Japan
| | - Hyo Gun Lee
- 1Department of Agricultural Biotechnology and Research Institute of Agriculture and Life Sciences, College of Agriculture and Life Sciences, Seoul National University, Seoul, 08826 Korea
| | - Young Hyun Park
- 1Department of Agricultural Biotechnology and Research Institute of Agriculture and Life Sciences, College of Agriculture and Life Sciences, Seoul National University, Seoul, 08826 Korea
| | - Young Sun Hwang
- 1Department of Agricultural Biotechnology and Research Institute of Agriculture and Life Sciences, College of Agriculture and Life Sciences, Seoul National University, Seoul, 08826 Korea
| | - Sang Kyung Kim
- 1Department of Agricultural Biotechnology and Research Institute of Agriculture and Life Sciences, College of Agriculture and Life Sciences, Seoul National University, Seoul, 08826 Korea
| | - Deivendran Rengaraj
- 3Department of Animal Science and Technology, Chung-Ang University, Anseong, Gyeonggi-do 17546 Korea
| | - Byung Wook Cho
- 4Department of Animal Science, College of Natural Resources and Life Sciences, Pusan National University, Miryang, 50463 Korea
| | - Jeong Mook Lim
- 1Department of Agricultural Biotechnology and Research Institute of Agriculture and Life Sciences, College of Agriculture and Life Sciences, Seoul National University, Seoul, 08826 Korea
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Liang T, Jia Y, Zhang R, Du Q, Chang Z. Identification, molecular characterization and analysis of the expression pattern of $${\varvec{SoxF}}$$ SoxF subgroup genes the Yellow River carp, $${\varvec{Cyprinus} \varvec{carpio}}$$ Cyprinus carpio. J Genet 2018. [DOI: 10.1007/s12041-018-0898-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
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Inactivation of p38 MAPK contributes to stem cell-like properties of non-small cell lung cancer. Oncotarget 2018; 8:26702-26717. [PMID: 28460458 PMCID: PMC5432291 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.15804] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2016] [Accepted: 02/15/2017] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Cancer stem cells (CSCs) are recognized as the major source for cancer initiation and recurrence. Yet, the mechanism by which the cancer stem cell properties are acquired and maintained in a cancer cell population is not well understood. In the current study, we observed that the level of active p38 MAPK is downregulated, while the level of the stemness marker SOX2 is upregulated in lung cancer tissues as compared to normal tissues. We further demonstrated that inactivation of p38 is a potential mechanism contributing to acquisition and maintenance of cancer stem cell properties in non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) cells. p38, in particular the p38γ and p38δ isoforms, suppresses the cancer stem cell properties and tumor initiating ability of NSCLC cells by promoting the ubiquitylation and degradation of stemness proteins such as SOX2, Oct4, Nanog, Klf4 and c-Myc, through MK2-mediated phosphorylation of Hsp27 that is an essential component of the proteasomal degradation machinery. In contrast, inactivation of p38 in lung cancer cells leads to upregulation of the stemness proteins, thus promoting the cancer stem cell properties of these cells. These findings have demonstrated a novel mechanism by which cancer stem cell properties are acquired and maintained in a cancer cell population, and have revealed a new function of the p38 pathway in suppressing cancer development. These studies have also identified a new pathway that can potentially serve as a target for cancer therapies aimed at eliminating CSCs.
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Jaber M, Sebban S, Buganim Y. Acquisition of the pluripotent and trophectoderm states in the embryo and during somatic nuclear reprogramming. Curr Opin Genet Dev 2017; 46:37-43. [DOI: 10.1016/j.gde.2017.06.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/26/2017] [Revised: 05/08/2017] [Accepted: 06/08/2017] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
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Sinderewicz E, Grycmacher K, Boruszewska D, Kowalczyk-Zięba I, Staszkiewicz J, Ślężak T, Woclawek-Potocka I. Expression of factors involved in apoptosis and cell survival is correlated with enzymes synthesizing lysophosphatidic acid and its receptors in granulosa cells originating from different types of bovine ovarian follicles. Reprod Biol Endocrinol 2017; 15:72. [PMID: 28874163 PMCID: PMC5586021 DOI: 10.1186/s12958-017-0287-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2017] [Accepted: 08/14/2017] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Lysophosphatidic acid (LPA) regulates reproductive processes in the cow. Ovarian granulosa cells play a pivotal role in follicle growth and development. Nevertheless, the role of LPA in the local regulation of granulosa cell function in different follicle categories in the bovine ovary has not been investigated. METHODS Ovarian follicles were divided into healthy, transitional and atretic categories. The expression levels of AX, PLA2, LPARs and factors involved in apoptosis and cell survival processes in granulosa cells in different types of follicles were measured by real-time PCR. The correlations between the expression levels of AX, PLA2, LPARs and the examined factors were measured. The immunolocalization of AX, PLA2 and LPARs in different ovarian follicles was examined by immunohistochemistry. Statistical analyses were conducted in GraphPad using a one-way ANOVA followed by the Kruskal-Wallis multiple comparison test or a correlation analysis followed by Pearson's test. RESULTS The expression levels of AX, PLA2 and LPARs, with the major role of LPAR2 and PLA2, were found in the granulosa cells originating from different follicle types. The expression levels of the factors involved in cell apoptosis (TNFα and its receptors, FAS, FASL, CASP3, CASP8, β-glycan, and DRAK2) were significantly higher in the granulosa cells of the atretic follicles compared to the healthy follicles. A number of correlations between LPARs, AX, PLA2 and factors associated with apoptosis were observed in the atretic but not in the healthy follicles. A greater expression of the factors involved in differentiation and proliferation in the granulosa cells (DICE1 and SOX2) was found in the healthy follicles in comparison with the atretic. A number of correlations between LPARs, AX, PLA2 and the factors associated with cell survival were observed in the healthy but not in the atretic follicles. CONCLUSIONS Granulosa cells are the target of LPA action and the source of LPA synthesis in the bovine ovarian follicle. We suggest that the participation of LPA in apoptosis in the atretic follicles mainly occurs through the regulation of TNF-α-dependent and caspase-induced pathways. In the transitional follicles, LPA might influence the inhibins to shift the balance between the number of healthy and atretic follicles. In the healthy follicle type, LPA, acting via LPAR1, might regulate MCL1 and estradiol-stimulating ERβ mRNA expression, leading to the stimulation of anti-apoptotic processes in the granulosa cells and their differentiation and proliferation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emilia Sinderewicz
- 0000 0001 1091 0698grid.433017.2Department of Gamete and Embryo Biology, Institute of Animal Reproduction and Food Research, Polish Academy of Sciences, 10-747 Olsztyn, Poland
| | - Katarzyna Grycmacher
- 0000 0001 1091 0698grid.433017.2Department of Gamete and Embryo Biology, Institute of Animal Reproduction and Food Research, Polish Academy of Sciences, 10-747 Olsztyn, Poland
| | - Dorota Boruszewska
- 0000 0001 1091 0698grid.433017.2Department of Gamete and Embryo Biology, Institute of Animal Reproduction and Food Research, Polish Academy of Sciences, 10-747 Olsztyn, Poland
| | - Ilona Kowalczyk-Zięba
- 0000 0001 1091 0698grid.433017.2Department of Gamete and Embryo Biology, Institute of Animal Reproduction and Food Research, Polish Academy of Sciences, 10-747 Olsztyn, Poland
| | - Joanna Staszkiewicz
- 0000 0001 1091 0698grid.433017.2Department of Gamete and Embryo Biology, Institute of Animal Reproduction and Food Research, Polish Academy of Sciences, 10-747 Olsztyn, Poland
| | - Tomasz Ślężak
- 0000 0001 1091 0698grid.433017.2Department of Gamete and Embryo Biology, Institute of Animal Reproduction and Food Research, Polish Academy of Sciences, 10-747 Olsztyn, Poland
| | - Izabela Woclawek-Potocka
- 0000 0001 1091 0698grid.433017.2Department of Gamete and Embryo Biology, Institute of Animal Reproduction and Food Research, Polish Academy of Sciences, 10-747 Olsztyn, Poland
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Al-Khawaga S, Memon B, Butler AE, Taheri S, Abou-Samra AB, Abdelalim EM. Pathways governing development of stem cell-derived pancreatic β cells: lessons from embryogenesis. Biol Rev Camb Philos Soc 2017. [DOI: 10.1111/brv.12349] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Sara Al-Khawaga
- Diabetes Research Center, Qatar Biomedical Research Institute; Hamad Bin Khalifa University, Qatar Foundation, Education City; Doha Qatar
| | - Bushra Memon
- Diabetes Research Center, Qatar Biomedical Research Institute; Hamad Bin Khalifa University, Qatar Foundation, Education City; Doha Qatar
| | - Alexandra E. Butler
- Larry L. Hillblom Islet Research Center, David Geffen School of Medicine; University of California; Los Angeles CA 90095 U.S.A
| | - Shahrad Taheri
- Department of Medicine; Weill Cornell Medicine in Qatar, Qatar Foundation, Education City, PO BOX 24144; Doha Qatar
- Department of Medicine; Qatar Metabolic Institute, Hamad Medical Corporation; Doha Qatar
| | - Abdul B. Abou-Samra
- Department of Medicine; Weill Cornell Medicine in Qatar, Qatar Foundation, Education City, PO BOX 24144; Doha Qatar
- Department of Medicine; Qatar Metabolic Institute, Hamad Medical Corporation; Doha Qatar
| | - Essam M. Abdelalim
- Diabetes Research Center, Qatar Biomedical Research Institute; Hamad Bin Khalifa University, Qatar Foundation, Education City; Doha Qatar
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Gong B, Yue Y, Wang R, Zhang Y, Jin Q, Zhou X. Overexpression of microRNA-194 suppresses the epithelial–mesenchymal transition in targeting stem cell transcription factor Sox3 in endometrial carcinoma stem cells. Tumour Biol 2017; 39:1010428317706217. [PMID: 28618953 DOI: 10.1177/1010428317706217] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Baolan Gong
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Renmin Hospital, Hubei University of Medicine, Shiyan, China
| | - Yan Yue
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Renmin Hospital, Hubei University of Medicine, Shiyan, China
| | - Renxiao Wang
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Renmin Hospital, Hubei University of Medicine, Shiyan, China
| | - Yi Zhang
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Renmin Hospital, Hubei University of Medicine, Shiyan, China
| | - Quanfang Jin
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Renmin Hospital, Hubei University of Medicine, Shiyan, China
| | - Xi Zhou
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Renmin Hospital, Hubei University of Medicine, Shiyan, China
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Molecular basis for the genome engagement by Sox proteins. Semin Cell Dev Biol 2017; 63:2-12. [DOI: 10.1016/j.semcdb.2016.08.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 82] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2016] [Revised: 08/09/2016] [Accepted: 08/09/2016] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
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Cellular transformation of human mammary epithelial cells by SATB2. Stem Cell Res 2017; 19:139-147. [PMID: 28167342 DOI: 10.1016/j.scr.2017.01.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2016] [Revised: 01/04/2017] [Accepted: 01/30/2017] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Breast tumors are heterogeneous and carry a small population of progenitor cells that can produce various subtypes of breast cancer. SATB2 (special AT-rich binding protein-2) is a newly identified transcription factor and epigenetic regulator. It is highly expressed in embryonic stem cells, but not in adult tissues, and regulates pluripotency-maintaining factors. However, the molecular mechanisms by which SATB2 induces transformation of human mammary epithelial cells (HMECs) leading to malignant phenotype are unknown. The main goal of this paper is to examine the molecular mechanisms by which SATB2 induces cellular transformation of HMECs into cells that are capable of self-renewal. SATB2-transformed HMECs gain the phenotype of breast progenitor cells by expressing markers of stem cells, pluripotency-maintaining factor, and epithelial to mesenchymal transition. SATB2 is highly expressed in human breast cancer cell lines, primary mammary tissues and cancer stem cells (CSCs), but not in HMECs and normal breast tissues. Chromatin Immunoprecipitation assays demonstrate that SATB2 can directly bind to promoters of Bcl-2, c-Myc, Nanog, Klf4, and XIAP, suggesting a role of SATB2 in regulation of pluripotency, cell survival and proliferation. Furthermore, inhibition of SATB2 by shRNA in breast cancer cell lines and CSCs attenuates cell proliferation and EMT phenotype. Our results suggest that SATB2 induces dedifferentiation/transformation of mature HMECs into progenitor-like cells.
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SOX2 function and Hedgehog signaling pathway are co-conspirators in promoting androgen independent prostate cancer. Biochim Biophys Acta Mol Basis Dis 2016; 1863:253-265. [PMID: 27816521 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbadis.2016.11.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/27/2016] [Revised: 10/25/2016] [Accepted: 11/02/2016] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
Developmentally inclined hedgehog (HH) signaling pathway and pluripotency inducing transcription factor SOX2 have been known to work syngerstically during cellular reprogramming events to facilitate efficient differentiation. Hence, it is not surprising that both the factors are actively involved in arbitrating malignant growth, including prostate cancer progression. Here, we have described in details the potential mechanisms by which SOX2 effects neoplastic characteristics in prostate cancer and investigated the consequences of simultaneous down-regulation of SOX2 and HH pathway in androgen-independent human prostate cancer cells. Expression of SOX2 has been determined by qRT-PCR, western blot, immunohistochemistry and immunocytochemistry analyses; its functional role determined by gene knockdown using RNAi and over-expression via chemical activation in HaCaT, DU145 and PC-3 cells. Changes in level of cell proliferation, migration and apoptosis profiles were measured by MTT, FACS, chromatin condensation and scratch assays respectively. SOX2 was expressed in all the three cell lines and its inhibition reduced cell proliferation and induced apoptosis. Most importantly, when both SOX2 and HH pathway were targeted simultaneously, cell proliferation was greatly reduced, apoptotic cell population increased drastically and migration potential was reduced. Moreover, gene expression of EMT markers such as E-cadherin and apoptosis related Bcl-2 and Bax was also investigated wherein decrease in E-cadherin and Bcl-2 levels and increase in Bax expression further substantiating our claim. These findings could provide the basis for a novel therapeutic strategy targeting both the effector i.e. SOX2 and perpetuator i.e. HH pathway of aggressive tumorigenic properties in androgen independent prostate cancer.
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Mansouri S, Nejad R, Karabork M, Ekinci C, Solaroglu I, Aldape KD, Zadeh G. Sox2: regulation of expression and contribution to brain tumors. CNS Oncol 2016; 5:159-73. [PMID: 27230973 DOI: 10.2217/cns-2016-0001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Tumors of the CNS are composed of a complex mixture of neoplastic cells, in addition to vascular, inflammatory and stromal components. Similar to most other tumors, brain tumors contain a heterogeneous population of cells that are found at different stages of differentiation. The cancer stem cell hypothesis suggests that all tumors are composed of subpopulation of cells with stem-like properties, which are capable of self-renewal, display resistance to therapy and lead to tumor recurrence. One of the most important transcription factors that regulate cancer stem cell properties is SOX2. In this review, we focus on SOX2 and the complex network of signaling molecules and transcription factors that regulate its expression and function in brain tumor initiating cells. We also highlight important findings in the literature about the role of SOX2 in glioblastoma and medulloblastoma, where it has been more extensively studied.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sheila Mansouri
- McFeeters-Hamilton Center for Neuro-Oncology Research, 101 College St., Toronto, ON, M5G 1L7, Canada
| | - Romina Nejad
- McFeeters-Hamilton Center for Neuro-Oncology Research, 101 College St., Toronto, ON, M5G 1L7, Canada
| | - Merve Karabork
- School of Medicine, Koç University, Rumelifeneri Yolu, 34450, Sariyer, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Can Ekinci
- School of Medicine, Koç University, Rumelifeneri Yolu, 34450, Sariyer, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Ihsan Solaroglu
- School of Medicine, Koç University, Rumelifeneri Yolu, 34450, Sariyer, Istanbul, Turkey.,School of Medicine, Loma Linda University, Loma Linda, CA 92354, USA
| | - Kenneth D Aldape
- McFeeters-Hamilton Center for Neuro-Oncology Research, 101 College St., Toronto, ON, M5G 1L7, Canada
| | - Gelareh Zadeh
- McFeeters-Hamilton Center for Neuro-Oncology Research, 101 College St., Toronto, ON, M5G 1L7, Canada.,Division of Neurosurgery, Toronto Western Hospital, Toronto, M5T 2S8, Canada
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Lineage tracing of Sox2-expressing progenitor cells in the mouse inner ear reveals a broad contribution to non-sensory tissues and insights into the origin of the organ of Corti. Dev Biol 2016; 414:72-84. [PMID: 27090805 DOI: 10.1016/j.ydbio.2016.03.027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/07/2015] [Revised: 03/09/2016] [Accepted: 03/26/2016] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
The transcription factor Sox2 is both necessary and sufficient for the generation of sensory regions of the inner ear. It regulates expression of the Notch ligand Jag1 in prosensory progenitors, which signal to neighboring cells to up-regulate Sox2 and sustain prosensory identity. However, the expression pattern of Sox2 in the early inner ear is very broad, suggesting that Sox2-expressing progenitors form a wide variety of cell types in addition to generating the sensory regions of the ear. We used Sox2-CreER mice to follow the fates of Sox2-expressing cells at different stages in ear development. We find that Sox2-expressing cells in the early otocyst give rise to large numbers of non-sensory structures throughout the inner ear, and that Sox2 only becomes a truly prosensory marker at embryonic day (E)11.5. Our fate map reveals the organ of Corti derives from a central domain on the medial side of the otocyst and shows that a significant amount of the organ of Corti derives from a Sox2-negative population in this region.
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Genome-Wide Identification and Transcriptome-Based Expression Profiling of the Sox Gene Family in the Nile Tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus). Int J Mol Sci 2016; 17:270. [PMID: 26907269 PMCID: PMC4813134 DOI: 10.3390/ijms17030270] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2016] [Revised: 02/06/2016] [Accepted: 02/15/2016] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
The Sox transcription factor family is characterized with the presence of a Sry-related high-mobility group (HMG) box and plays important roles in various biological processes in animals, including sex determination and differentiation, and the development of multiple organs. In this study, 27 Sox genes were identified in the genome of the Nile tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus), and were classified into seven groups. The members of each group of the tilapia Sox genes exhibited a relatively conserved exon-intron structure. Comparative analysis showed that the Sox gene family has undergone an expansion in tilapia and other teleost fishes following their whole genome duplication, and group K only exists in teleosts. Transcriptome-based analysis demonstrated that most of the tilapia Sox genes presented stage-specific and/or sex-dimorphic expressions during gonadal development, and six of the group B Sox genes were specifically expressed in the adult brain. Our results provide a better understanding of gene structure and spatio-temporal expression of the Sox gene family in tilapia, and will be useful for further deciphering the roles of the Sox genes during sex determination and gonadal development in teleosts.
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Basch ML, Brown RM, Jen H, Groves AK. Where hearing starts: the development of the mammalian cochlea. J Anat 2016; 228:233-54. [PMID: 26052920 PMCID: PMC4718162 DOI: 10.1111/joa.12314] [Citation(s) in RCA: 83] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 03/14/2015] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
The mammalian cochlea is a remarkable sensory organ, capable of perceiving sound over a range of 10(12) in pressure, and discriminating both infrasonic and ultrasonic frequencies in different species. The sensory hair cells of the mammalian cochlea are exquisitely sensitive, responding to atomic-level deflections at speeds on the order of tens of microseconds. The number and placement of hair cells are precisely determined during inner ear development, and a large number of developmental processes sculpt the shape, size and morphology of these cells along the length of the cochlear duct to make them optimally responsive to different sound frequencies. In this review, we briefly discuss the evolutionary origins of the mammalian cochlea, and then describe the successive developmental processes that lead to its induction, cell cycle exit, cellular patterning and the establishment of topologically distinct frequency responses along its length.
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Affiliation(s)
- Martin L. Basch
- Department of NeuroscienceBaylor College of MedicineHoustonTXUSA
| | - Rogers M. Brown
- Program in Developmental BiologyBaylor College of MedicineHoustonTXUSA
| | - Hsin‐I Jen
- Program in Developmental BiologyBaylor College of MedicineHoustonTXUSA
| | - Andrew K. Groves
- Department of NeuroscienceBaylor College of MedicineHoustonTXUSA
- Program in Developmental BiologyBaylor College of MedicineHoustonTXUSA
- Department of Molecular and Human GeneticsBaylor College of MedicineHoustonTXUSA
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