1
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Conner AA, David D, Yim EKF. The Effects of Biomimetic Surface Topography on Vascular Cells: Implications for Vascular Conduits. Adv Healthc Mater 2024:e2400335. [PMID: 38935920 DOI: 10.1002/adhm.202400335] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/28/2024] [Revised: 06/04/2024] [Indexed: 06/29/2024]
Abstract
Cardiovascular diseases (CVDs) are the leading cause of mortality worldwide and represent a pressing clinical need. Vascular occlusions are the predominant cause of CVD and necessitate surgical interventions such as bypass graft surgery to replace the damaged or obstructed blood vessel with a synthetic conduit. Synthetic small-diameter vascular grafts (sSDVGs) are desired to bypass blood vessels with an inner diameter <6 mm yet have limited use due to unacceptable patency rates. The incorporation of biophysical cues such as topography onto the sSDVG biointerface can be used to mimic the cellular microenvironment and improve outcomes. In this review, the utility of surface topography in sSDVG design is discussed. First, the primary challenges that sSDVGs face and the rationale for utilizing biomimetic topography are introduced. The current literature surrounding the effects of topographical cues on vascular cell behavior in vitro is reviewed, providing insight into which features are optimal for application in sSDVGs. The results of studies that have utilized topographically-enhanced sSDVGs in vivo are evaluated. Current challenges and barriers to clinical translation are discussed. Based on the wealth of evidence detailed here, substrate topography offers enormous potential to improve the outcome of sSDVGs and provide therapeutic solutions for CVDs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abigail A Conner
- Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Waterloo, 200 University Avenue West, Waterloo, ON, N2L 3G1, Canada
| | - Dency David
- Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Waterloo, 200 University Avenue West, Waterloo, ON, N2L 3G1, Canada
| | - Evelyn K F Yim
- Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Waterloo, 200 University Avenue West, Waterloo, ON, N2L 3G1, Canada
- Waterloo Institute for Nanotechnology, University of Waterloo, 200 University Avenue West, Waterloo, ON, N2L 3G1, Canada
- Center for Biotechnology and Bioengineering, University of Waterloo, 200 University Avenue West, Waterloo, ON, N2L 3G1, Canada
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2
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Bjorgvinsdottir O, Ferguson SJ, Snorradottir BS, Gudjonsson T, Wuertz-Kozak K. The influence of physical and spatial substrate characteristics on endothelial cells. Mater Today Bio 2024; 26:101060. [PMID: 38711934 PMCID: PMC11070711 DOI: 10.1016/j.mtbio.2024.101060] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/30/2023] [Revised: 03/10/2024] [Accepted: 04/13/2024] [Indexed: 05/08/2024] Open
Abstract
Cardiovascular diseases are a main cause of death worldwide, leading to a growing demand for medical devices to treat this patient group. Central to the engineering of such devices is a good understanding of the biology and physics of cell-surface interactions. In existing blood-contacting devices, such as vascular grafts, the interaction between blood, cells, and material is one of the main limiting factors for their long-term durability. An improved understanding of the material's chemical- and physical properties as well as its structure all play a role in how endothelial cells interact with the material surface. This review provides an overview of how different surface structures influence endothelial cell responses and what is currently known about the underlying mechanisms that guide this behavior. The structures reviewed include decellularized matrices, electrospun fibers, pillars, pits, and grated surfaces.
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Affiliation(s)
- Oddny Bjorgvinsdottir
- Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Iceland, Hofsvallagata 53, 107 Reykjavik, Iceland
| | - Stephen J. Ferguson
- Institute for Biomechanics, ETH Zurich, Gloriastrasse 37 / 39, 8092, Zurich, Switzerland
| | | | - Thorarinn Gudjonsson
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Iceland, Vatnsmyrarvegur 16, 101 Reykjavik, Iceland
| | - Karin Wuertz-Kozak
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Rochester Institute of Technology (RIT), 160 Lomb Memorial Drive Bldg. 73, Rochester, NY, 14623, USA
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3
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Salehi A, Sprejz S, Ruehl H, Olayioye M, Cattaneo G. An imprint-based approach to replicate nano- to microscale roughness on gelatin hydrogel scaffolds: surface characterization and effect on endothelialization. JOURNAL OF BIOMATERIALS SCIENCE. POLYMER EDITION 2024; 35:1214-1235. [PMID: 38431849 DOI: 10.1080/09205063.2024.2322771] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2023] [Accepted: 02/19/2024] [Indexed: 03/05/2024]
Abstract
Biologization of biomaterials with endothelial cells (ECs) is an important step in vascular tissue engineering, aiming at improving hemocompatibility and diminishing the thrombo-inflammatory response of implants. Since subcellular topography in the scale of nano to micrometers can influence cellular adhesion, proliferation, and differentiation, we here investigate the effect of surface roughness on the endothelialization of gelatin hydrogel scaffolds. Considering the micron and sub-micron features of the different native tissues underlying the endothelium in the body, we carried out a biomimetic approach to replicate the surface roughness of tissues and analyzed how this impacted the adhesion and proliferation of human umbilical endothelial cells (HUVECs). Using an imprinting technique, nano and micro-roughness ranging from Sa= 402 nm to Sa= 8 μm were replicated on the surface of gelatin hydrogels. Fluorescent imaging of HUVECs on consecutive days after seeding revealed that microscale topographies negatively affect cell spreading and proliferation. By contrast, nanoscale roughnesses of Sa= 402 and Sa= 538 nm promoted endothelialization as evidenced by the formation of confluent cell monolayers with prominent VE-cadherin surface expression. Collectively, we present an affordable and flexible imprinting method to replicate surface characteristics of tissues on hydrogels and demonstrate how nanoscale roughness positively supports their endothelialization.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ali Salehi
- Institute of Biomedical Engineering, University of Stuttgart, Stuttgart, Germany
| | - Stefanie Sprejz
- Institute of Biomedical Engineering, University of Stuttgart, Stuttgart, Germany
| | - Holger Ruehl
- Institute for Micro Integration, University of Stuttgart, Stuttgart, Germany
| | - Monilola Olayioye
- Institute of Cell Biology and Immunology, University of Stuttgart, Stuttgart, Germany
| | - Giorgio Cattaneo
- Institute of Biomedical Engineering, University of Stuttgart, Stuttgart, Germany
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4
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Membrane Supported Poly(butylene adipate-co-terephthalate) Nanofibrous Matrices As Cardiac Patch: Effect of Basement Membrane for the Fiber Deposition and Cellular Behavior. Colloids Surf A Physicochem Eng Asp 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.colsurfa.2022.129977] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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5
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Jain P, Rauer SB, Möller M, Singh S. Mimicking the Natural Basement Membrane for Advanced Tissue Engineering. Biomacromolecules 2022; 23:3081-3103. [PMID: 35839343 PMCID: PMC9364315 DOI: 10.1021/acs.biomac.2c00402] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/02/2022]
Abstract
![]()
Advancements in the field of tissue engineering have
led to the
elucidation of physical and chemical characteristics of physiological
basement membranes (BM) as specialized forms of the extracellular
matrix. Efforts to recapitulate the intricate structure and biological
composition of the BM have encountered various advancements due to
its impact on cell fate, function, and regulation. More attention
has been paid to synthesizing biocompatible and biofunctional fibrillar
scaffolds that closely mimic the natural BM. Specific modifications
in biomimetic BM have paved the way for the development of in vitro models like alveolar-capillary barrier, airway
models, skin, blood-brain barrier, kidney barrier, and metastatic
models, which can be used for personalized drug screening, understanding
physiological and pathological pathways, and tissue implants. In this
Review, we focus on the structure, composition, and functions of in vivo BM and the ongoing efforts to mimic it synthetically.
Light has been shed on the advantages and limitations of various forms
of biomimetic BM scaffolds including porous polymeric membranes, hydrogels,
and electrospun membranes This Review further elaborates and justifies
the significance of BM mimics in tissue engineering, in particular
in the development of in vitro organ model systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Puja Jain
- DWI-Leibniz-Institute for Interactive Materials e.V, Aachen 52074, Germany
| | | | - Martin Möller
- DWI-Leibniz-Institute for Interactive Materials e.V, Aachen 52074, Germany
| | - Smriti Singh
- Max-Planck-Institute for Medical Research, Heidelberg 69028, Germany
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6
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Topography-induced large-scale antiparallel collective migration in vascular endothelium. Nat Commun 2022; 13:2797. [PMID: 35589751 PMCID: PMC9120158 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-022-30488-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2021] [Accepted: 04/28/2022] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Collective migration of vascular endothelial cells is central for embryonic development, angiogenesis, and wound closure. Although physical confinement of cell assemblies has been shown to elicit specific patterns of collective movement in various cell types, endothelial migration in vivo often occurs without confinement. Here we show that unconfined endothelial cell monolayers on microgroove substrates that mimic the anisotropic organization of the extracellular matrix exhibit a specific type of collective movement that takes the form of a periodic pattern of antiparallel cell streams. We further establish that the development of these streams requires intact cell-cell junctions and that stream sizes are particularly sensitive to groove depth. Finally, we show that modeling the endothelial cell sheet as an active fluid with the microgrooves acting as constraints on cell orientation predicts the occurrence of the periodic antiparallel cell streams as well as their lengths and widths. We posit that in unconfined cell assemblies, physical factors that constrain or bias cellular orientation such as anisotropic extracellular matrix cues or directed flow-derived shear forces dictate the pattern of collective cell movement. The physical environment dictates the emergence of specific patterns of collective cell migration. Here, authors show that unconfined endothelial monolayers on microgroove substrates exhibit an original pattern of antiparallel cell streams.
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8
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Asgari M, Latifi N, Giovanniello F, Espinosa HD, Amabili M. Revealing Layer‐Specific Ultrastructure and Nanomechanics of Fibrillar Collagen in Human Aorta via Atomic Force Microscopy Testing: Implications on Tissue Mechanics at Macroscopic Scale. ADVANCED NANOBIOMED RESEARCH 2022. [DOI: 10.1002/anbr.202100159] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Meisam Asgari
- Department of Mechanical Engineering McGill University 817 Sherbrooke Street West Montreal QC H3A 0C3 Canada
- Theoretical and Applied Mechanics Program Northwestern University 2145 Sheridan Road Evanston IL 60208 USA
| | - Neda Latifi
- Department of Mechanical and Industrial Engineering University of Toronto 5 King's College Road Toronto ON M5S 3G8 Canada
| | - Francesco Giovanniello
- Department of Mechanical Engineering McGill University 817 Sherbrooke Street West Montreal QC H3A 0C3 Canada
| | - Horacio D. Espinosa
- Theoretical and Applied Mechanics Program Northwestern University 2145 Sheridan Road Evanston IL 60208 USA
| | - Marco Amabili
- Department of Mechanical Engineering McGill University 817 Sherbrooke Street West Montreal QC H3A 0C3 Canada
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9
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Tandon I, Ozkizilcik A, Ravishankar P, Balachandran K. Aortic valve cell microenvironment: Considerations for developing a valve-on-chip. BIOPHYSICS REVIEWS 2021; 2:041303. [PMID: 38504720 PMCID: PMC10903420 DOI: 10.1063/5.0063608] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/15/2021] [Accepted: 11/15/2021] [Indexed: 03/21/2024]
Abstract
Cardiac valves are sophisticated, dynamic structures residing in a complex mechanical and hemodynamic environment. Cardiac valve disease is an active and progressive disease resulting in severe socioeconomic burden, especially in the elderly. Valve disease also leads to a 50% increase in the possibility of associated cardiovascular events. Yet, valve replacement remains the standard of treatment with early detection, mitigation, and alternate therapeutic strategies still lacking. Effective study models are required to further elucidate disease mechanisms and diagnostic and therapeutic strategies. Organ-on-chip models offer a unique and powerful environment that incorporates the ease and reproducibility of in vitro systems along with the complexity and physiological recapitulation of the in vivo system. The key to developing effective valve-on-chip models is maintaining the cell and tissue-level microenvironment relevant to the study application. This review outlines the various components and factors that comprise and/or affect the cell microenvironment that ought to be considered while constructing a valve-on-chip model. This review also dives into the advancements made toward constructing valve-on-chip models with a specific focus on the aortic valve, that is, in vitro studies incorporating three-dimensional co-culture models that incorporate relevant extracellular matrices and mechanical and hemodynamic cues.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ishita Tandon
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Arkansas, Fayetteville, Arkansas 72701, USA
| | - Asya Ozkizilcik
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Arkansas, Fayetteville, Arkansas 72701, USA
| | - Prashanth Ravishankar
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Arkansas, Fayetteville, Arkansas 72701, USA
| | - Kartik Balachandran
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Arkansas, Fayetteville, Arkansas 72701, USA
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10
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Hu X, Zhang Y. Developing biomaterials to mediate the spatial distribution of integrins. BIOPHYSICS REVIEWS 2021; 2:041302. [PMID: 38504718 PMCID: PMC10903404 DOI: 10.1063/5.0055746] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/02/2021] [Accepted: 10/21/2021] [Indexed: 03/21/2024]
Abstract
Innovation in material design to regulate cell behavior and function is one of the primary tasks in materials science. Integrins, a family of cell surface-adhesion receptors that mechanically connect the extracellular matrix (ECM) to the intracellular cytoskeleton, have long served as primary targets for the design of biomaterials because their activity is not only critical to a wide range of cell and tissue functions but also subject to very tight and complex regulations from the outside environment. To review the recent progress of material innovations targeting the spatial distribution of integrins, we first introduce the interaction mechanisms between cells and the ECM by highlighting integrin-based cell adhesions, describing how integrins respond to environmental stimuli, including variations in ligand presentation, mechanical cues, and topographical variations. Then, we overview the current development of soft materials in guiding cell behaviors and functions via spatial regulation of integrins. Finally, we discuss the current limitations of these technologies and the advances that may be achieved in the future. Undoubtedly, synthetic soft materials that mediate the spatial distribution of integrins play an important role in biomaterial innovations for advancing biomedical applications and addressing fundamental biological questions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xunwu Hu
- Bioinspired Soft Matter Unit, Okinawa Institute of Science and Technology Graduate University, 1919-1 Tancha, Onna-son, Okinawa 904-0495, Japan
| | - Ye Zhang
- Bioinspired Soft Matter Unit, Okinawa Institute of Science and Technology Graduate University, 1919-1 Tancha, Onna-son, Okinawa 904-0495, Japan
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11
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Gao H, Xiao J, Wei Y, Wang H, Wan H, Liu S. Regulation of Myogenic Differentiation by Topologically Microgrooved Surfaces for Skeletal Muscle Tissue Engineering. ACS OMEGA 2021; 6:20931-20940. [PMID: 34423201 PMCID: PMC8374903 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.1c02347] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/05/2021] [Accepted: 07/29/2021] [Indexed: 05/05/2023]
Abstract
Inspired by the natural topological structure of skeletal muscle tissue, the topological surface construction of bionic scaffolds for skeletal muscle repair has attracted great interest. Many previous studies have focused on the effects of the topological structure on myoblasts. However, these studies used only specific repeating sizes and shapes to achieve the myoblast alignment and myotube formation; moreover, the regulatory effects of the size of a topological structure on myogenic differentiation are often neglected, leading to a lack of guidance for the design of scaffolds for skeletal muscle tissue engineering. In this study, we fabricated a series of microgroove topographies with various widths and depths via a combination of soft lithography and melt-casting and studied their effects on the behaviors of skeletal muscle cells, especially myogenic differentiation, in detail. Microgrooved poly(lactic-co-glycolic acid) substrates were found to effectively regulate the proliferation, myogenic differentiation, and myotube formation of C2C12 cells, and the degree of myogenic differentiation was significantly dependent on signals in response to the size of the microgroove structure. Compared with their depth, the width of the microgroove structures can more strongly affect the myogenic differentiation of C2C12 cells, and the degree of myoblast differentiation was enhanced with increasing groove width. Microgroove structures with relatively large groove widths and small groove depths promoted the myogenic differentiation of C2C12 cells. In addition, the integrin-mediated focal adhesion kinase signaling pathway and MAPK signaling pathway were activated in cells in response to the external topological structure, and the size of the topological structure of the material surface effectively regulated the degree of the cellular response to the external topological structure. These results can guide the design of scaffolds for skeletal muscle tissue engineering and the construction of effective bionic scaffold surfaces for skeletal muscle regeneration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huichang Gao
- School
of Medicine, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, China
- A
National Engineering Research Centre for Tissue Restoration and Reconstruction, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Jin Xiao
- Department
of Orthopedics, Guangdong Provincial People’s Hospital Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, Guangzhou 510080, China
| | - Yingqi Wei
- The
Sixth Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510655, China
| | - Hao Wang
- School
of Medicine, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Hongxia Wan
- School
of Food Science and Health Preserving, Guangzhou
City Polytechnic, Guangzhou 510230, China
| | - Shan Liu
- School
of Medicine, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, China
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12
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Dessalles CA, Leclech C, Castagnino A, Barakat AI. Integration of substrate- and flow-derived stresses in endothelial cell mechanobiology. Commun Biol 2021; 4:764. [PMID: 34155305 PMCID: PMC8217569 DOI: 10.1038/s42003-021-02285-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 77] [Impact Index Per Article: 25.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/02/2021] [Accepted: 06/02/2021] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Endothelial cells (ECs) lining all blood vessels are subjected to large mechanical stresses that regulate their structure and function in health and disease. Here, we review EC responses to substrate-derived biophysical cues, namely topography, curvature, and stiffness, as well as to flow-derived stresses, notably shear stress, pressure, and tensile stresses. Because these mechanical cues in vivo are coupled and are exerted simultaneously on ECs, we also review the effects of multiple cues and describe burgeoning in vitro approaches for elucidating how ECs integrate and interpret various mechanical stimuli. We conclude by highlighting key open questions and upcoming challenges in the field of EC mechanobiology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Claire A Dessalles
- LadHyX, CNRS, Ecole polytechnique, Institut polytechnique de Paris, Palaiseau, France
| | - Claire Leclech
- LadHyX, CNRS, Ecole polytechnique, Institut polytechnique de Paris, Palaiseau, France
| | - Alessia Castagnino
- LadHyX, CNRS, Ecole polytechnique, Institut polytechnique de Paris, Palaiseau, France
| | - Abdul I Barakat
- LadHyX, CNRS, Ecole polytechnique, Institut polytechnique de Paris, Palaiseau, France.
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13
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A biomimetic basement membrane consisted of hybrid aligned nanofibers and microfibers with immobilized collagen IV and laminin for rapid endothelialization. Biodes Manuf 2021. [DOI: 10.1007/s42242-020-00111-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
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14
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James BD, Guerin P, Iverson Z, Allen JB. Mineralized DNA-collagen complex-based biomaterials for bone tissue engineering. Int J Biol Macromol 2020; 161:1127-1139. [PMID: 32561285 PMCID: PMC7494536 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2020.06.126] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2020] [Revised: 06/03/2020] [Accepted: 06/12/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
DNA is a highly polyanionic biomolecule that complexes with both collagen and hydroxyapatite. By combining these complexes, we synthesized nucleic-acid collagen complexes (NACC) mineralized with hydroxyapatite. The composite complexes were made using a short, monodisperse single-stranded DNA, type I collagen, and mineralizing medium. They rapidly self-assembled into both mineralized NACC microfibers and 3D NACC gels. At the nanoscale, these complexes are hierarchical, interwoven, curly nanofibrils resembling native extracellular matrix, which mineralized an interpenetrating nanocrystalline hydroxyapatite phase. Mineralization was able to be done either before or after NACC formation enabling temporal control of the process. In response to the NACC material, primary human osteoblasts took on an osteocyte-like morphology. Moreover, the cells agglomerated and remodeled the NACC gels into densified, tissue-like structures within 3 days. NACC fibers and gels have promise not only as osteoconductive coatings and scaffolds, but as coatings and scaffolds for any tissue using this new form of naturally-derived biomaterials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bryan D James
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Florida, 206 Rhines Hall, PO Box 116400, Gainesville, FL 32611-6400, USA
| | - Paxton Guerin
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Florida, 206 Rhines Hall, PO Box 116400, Gainesville, FL 32611-6400, USA
| | - Zion Iverson
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Florida, 206 Rhines Hall, PO Box 116400, Gainesville, FL 32611-6400, USA
| | - Josephine B Allen
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Florida, 206 Rhines Hall, PO Box 116400, Gainesville, FL 32611-6400, USA.
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15
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Leclech C, Natale CF, Barakat AI. The basement membrane as a structured surface - role in vascular health and disease. J Cell Sci 2020; 133:133/18/jcs239889. [PMID: 32938688 DOI: 10.1242/jcs.239889] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
The basement membrane (BM) is a thin specialized extracellular matrix that functions as a cellular anchorage site, a physical barrier and a signaling hub. While the literature on the biochemical composition and biological activity of the BM is extensive, the central importance of the physical properties of the BM, most notably its mechanical stiffness and topographical features, in regulating cellular function has only recently been recognized. In this Review, we focus on the biophysical attributes of the BM and their influence on cellular behavior. After a brief overview of the biochemical composition, assembly and function of the BM, we describe the mechanical properties and topographical structure of various BMs. We then focus specifically on the vascular BM as a nano- and micro-scale structured surface and review how its architecture can modulate endothelial cell structure and function. Finally, we discuss the pathological ramifications of the biophysical properties of the vascular BM and highlight the potential of mimicking BM topography to improve the design of implantable endovascular devices and advance the burgeoning field of vascular tissue engineering.
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Affiliation(s)
- Claire Leclech
- Hydrodynamics Laboratory, CNRS UMR7646, Ecole Polytechnique, Palaiseau, France
| | - Carlo F Natale
- Hydrodynamics Laboratory, CNRS UMR7646, Ecole Polytechnique, Palaiseau, France.,Interdisciplinary Research Centre on Biomaterials (CRIB), University of Naples Federico II, Naples, Italy
| | - Abdul I Barakat
- Hydrodynamics Laboratory, CNRS UMR7646, Ecole Polytechnique, Palaiseau, France
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16
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Long L, Wu C, Hu X, Wang Y. Biodegradable synthetic polymeric composite scaffold‐based tissue engineered heart valve with minimally invasive transcatheter implantation. POLYM ADVAN TECHNOL 2020. [DOI: 10.1002/pat.5012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Lin‐yu Long
- National Engineering Research Center for Biomaterials Sichuan University Chengdu China
| | - Can Wu
- National Engineering Research Center for Biomaterials Sichuan University Chengdu China
| | - Xue‐feng Hu
- National Engineering Research Center for Biomaterials Sichuan University Chengdu China
| | - Yun‐bing Wang
- National Engineering Research Center for Biomaterials Sichuan University Chengdu China
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17
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Wang K, Man K, Liu J, Liu Y, Chen Q, Zhou Y, Yang Y. Microphysiological Systems: Design, Fabrication, and Applications. ACS Biomater Sci Eng 2020; 6:3231-3257. [PMID: 33204830 PMCID: PMC7668566 DOI: 10.1021/acsbiomaterials.9b01667] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Microphysiological systems, including organoids, 3-D printed tissue constructs and organ-on-a-chips (organ chips), are physiologically relevant in vitro models and have experienced explosive growth in the past decades. Different from conventional, tissue culture plastic-based in vitro models or animal models, microphysiological systems recapitulate key microenvironmental characteristics of human organs and mimic their primary functions. The advent of microphysiological systems is attributed to evolving biomaterials, micro-/nanotechnologies and stem cell biology, which enable the precise control over the matrix properties and the interactions between cells, tissues and organs in physiological conditions. As such, microphysiological systems have been developed to model a broad spectrum of organs from microvasculature, eye, to lung and many others to understand human organ development and disease pathology and facilitate drug discovery. Multiorgans-on-a-chip systems have also been developed by integrating multiple associated organ chips in a single platform, which allows to study and employ the organ function in a systematic approach. Here we first discuss the design principles of microphysiological systems with a focus on the anatomy and physiology of organs, and then review the commonly used fabrication techniques and biomaterials for microphysiological systems. Subsequently, we discuss the recent development of microphysiological systems, and provide our perspectives on advancing microphysiological systems for preclinical investigation and drug discovery of human disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kai Wang
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of North Texas, Denton, Texas 76207, United States
| | - Kun Man
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of North Texas, Denton, Texas 76207, United States
| | - Jiafeng Liu
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of North Texas, Denton, Texas 76207, United States
| | - Yang Liu
- North Texas Eye Research Institute, Department of Pharmacology & Neuroscience, University of North Texas Health Science Center, Fort Worth, Texas 76107, United States
| | - Qi Chen
- The Key Laboratory of Innate Immune Biology of Fujian Province, Biomedical Research Center of South China, College of Life Sciences, Fujian Normal University, Fuzhou 350117, China
| | - Yong Zhou
- Department of Emergency, Xinqiao Hospital, Chongqing 400037, China
| | - Yong Yang
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of North Texas, Denton, Texas 76207, United States
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18
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Xiong S, Gao H, Qin L, Jia YG, Ren L. Engineering topography: Effects on corneal cell behavior and integration into corneal tissue engineering. Bioact Mater 2019; 4:293-302. [PMID: 31709312 PMCID: PMC6829100 DOI: 10.1016/j.bioactmat.2019.10.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2019] [Revised: 08/23/2019] [Accepted: 10/07/2019] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Cell-material interactions are important to tissue engineering. Inspired by the natural topographic structures on the extracellular matrix, a growing number of studies have integrated engineering topography into investigations of cell behavior on biomaterials. Engineering topography has a significant influence on cell behaviors. These cell-topography interactions play an important role in regenerative medicine and tissue engineering. Similarly, cell-topography interactions are important to corneal reconstruction and regeneration. In this review, we primarily summarized the effects of topographic cues on the behaviors of corneal cells, including cell morphology, adhesion, migration, and proliferation. Furthermore, the integration of engineering surface topography into corneal tissue engineering was also discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sijia Xiong
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, 510641, China
- National Engineering Research Centre for Tissue Restoration and Reconstruction, Guangzhou, 510006, China
| | - HuiChang Gao
- School of Medicine, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, 510006, China
| | - Lanfeng Qin
- National Engineering Research Centre for Tissue Restoration and Reconstruction, Guangzhou, 510006, China
- School of Biology and Biological Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, 510006, China
| | - Yong-Guang Jia
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, 510641, China
- National Engineering Research Centre for Tissue Restoration and Reconstruction, Guangzhou, 510006, China
| | - Li Ren
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, 510641, China
- National Engineering Research Centre for Tissue Restoration and Reconstruction, Guangzhou, 510006, China
- Sino-Singapore International Joint Research Institute, Guangzhou, 510555, China
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19
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Shklover J, McMasters J, Alfonso-Garcia A, Higuita ML, Panitch A, Marcu L, Griffiths L. Bovine pericardial extracellular matrix niche modulates human aortic endothelial cell phenotype and function. Sci Rep 2019; 9:16688. [PMID: 31723198 PMCID: PMC6853938 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-019-53230-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2019] [Accepted: 10/30/2019] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Xenogeneic biomaterials contain biologically relevant extracellular matrix (ECM) composition and organization, making them potentially ideal surgical grafts and tissue engineering scaffolds. Defining the effect of ECM niche (e.g., basement membrane vs. non-basement membrane) on repopulating cell phenotype and function has important implications for use of xenogeneic biomaterials, particularly in vascular applications. We aim to understand how serous (i.e., basement membrane) versus fibrous (i.e., non-basement membrane) ECM niche of antigen-removed bovine pericardium (AR-BP) scaffolds influence human aortic endothelial cell (hAEC) adhesion, growth, phenotype, inflammatory response and laminin production. At low and moderate seeding densities hAEC proliferation was significantly increased on the serous side. Similarly, ECM niche modulated cellular morphology, with serous side seeding resulting in a more rounded aspect ratio and intact endothelial layer formation. At moderate seeding densities, hAEC production of human laminin was enhanced following serous seeding. Finally, inflammatory marker and pro-inflammatory cytokine expression decreased following long-term cell growth regardless of seeding side. This work demonstrates that at low and moderate seeding densities AR-BP sidedness significantly impacts endothelial cell growth, morphology, human laminin production, and inflammatory state. These findings suggest that ECM niche has a role in modulating response of repopulating recipient cells toward AR-BP scaffolds for vascular applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jeny Shklover
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Israel Institute of Technology, Haifa, 31096, Israel.,Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of California Davis, One Shields Avenue, Davis, CA, 95616, United States
| | - James McMasters
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of California Davis, One Shields Avenue, Davis, CA, 95616, United States
| | - Alba Alfonso-Garcia
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of California Davis, One Shields Avenue, Davis, CA, 95616, United States
| | - Manuela Lopera Higuita
- Department of Cardiovascular Diseases, Mayo Clinic, 200 First St. SW, Rochester, MN, 55905, United States
| | - Alyssa Panitch
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of California Davis, One Shields Avenue, Davis, CA, 95616, United States
| | - Laura Marcu
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of California Davis, One Shields Avenue, Davis, CA, 95616, United States
| | - Leigh Griffiths
- Department of Cardiovascular Diseases, Mayo Clinic, 200 First St. SW, Rochester, MN, 55905, United States.
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20
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Natale CF, Lafaurie-Janvore J, Ventre M, Babataheri A, Barakat AI. Focal adhesion clustering drives endothelial cell morphology on patterned surfaces. J R Soc Interface 2019; 16:20190263. [PMID: 31480922 DOI: 10.1098/rsif.2019.0263] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
In many cell types, shape and function are intertwined. In vivo, vascular endothelial cells (ECs) are typically elongated and aligned in the direction of blood flow; however, near branches and bifurcations where atherosclerosis develops, ECs are often cuboidal and have no preferred orientation. Thus, understanding the factors that regulate EC shape and alignment is important. In vitro, EC morphology and orientation are exquisitely sensitive to the composition and topography of the substrate on which the cells are cultured; however, the underlying mechanisms remain poorly understood. Different strategies of substrate patterning for regulating EC shape and orientation have been reported including adhesive motifs on planar surfaces and micro- or nano-scale gratings that provide substrate topography. Here, we explore how ECs perceive planar bio-adhesive versus microgrooved topographic surfaces having identical feature dimensions. We show that while the two types of patterned surfaces are equally effective in guiding and directing EC orientation, the cells are considerably more elongated on the planar patterned surfaces than on the microgrooved surfaces. We also demonstrate that the key factor that regulates cellular morphology is focal adhesion clustering which subsequently drives cytoskeletal organization. The present results promise to inform design strategies of novel surfaces for the improved performance of implantable cardiovascular devices.
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Affiliation(s)
- C F Natale
- Hydrodynamics Laboratory, Ecole Polytechnique, CNRS UMR7646, Palaiseau, France.,Interdisciplinary Research Centre on Biomedical Materials (CRIB), University of Naples Federico II, Naples 80125, Italy
| | - J Lafaurie-Janvore
- Hydrodynamics Laboratory, Ecole Polytechnique, CNRS UMR7646, Palaiseau, France
| | - M Ventre
- Interdisciplinary Research Centre on Biomedical Materials (CRIB), University of Naples Federico II, Naples 80125, Italy.,Department of Chemical, Materials and Industrial Production Engineering, University of Naples Federico II, Italy
| | - A Babataheri
- Hydrodynamics Laboratory, Ecole Polytechnique, CNRS UMR7646, Palaiseau, France
| | - A I Barakat
- Hydrodynamics Laboratory, Ecole Polytechnique, CNRS UMR7646, Palaiseau, France.,School of Mechanical and Manufacturing Engineering, University of New South Wales, Sydney, Australia
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21
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Yu C, Xing M, Sun S, Guan G, Wang L. In vitro evaluation of vascular endothelial cell behaviors on biomimetic vascular basement membranes. Colloids Surf B Biointerfaces 2019; 182:110381. [PMID: 31351274 DOI: 10.1016/j.colsurfb.2019.110381] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/23/2019] [Revised: 07/15/2019] [Accepted: 07/18/2019] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Vascular basement membrane (VBM) is a thin layer of fibrous extracellular matrix linking endothelium, and collagen type IV (COL IV) is its main composition. VBM plays a crucial role in anchoring down the endothelium to its loose connective tissue underneath. For vascular grafts, constructing biomimetic VBMs on the luminal surface is thus an effective approach to improve endothelialization in situ. In the present work, three types of polycaprolactone (PCL) membranes were produced and characterized through cell counting kit-8 (CCK-8) assay, adhesion force and elastic modulus test to examine the influence of fiber diameter and membrane composition on vascular endothelial cell (EC) behaviors. The PCL membranes with finer fibers of 54.77 nm (PCL-54) could biomimic the nanotopography of VBMs more efficiently than 544.64 nm (PCL-544), and they were more suitable for Pig iliac endothelium cells (PIECs) adhesion and proliferation, meanwhile, inducing higher elastic modulus and adhesion force of PIECs. On this foundation, we further immobilized COL IV onto PCL-54 (PCL-COL IV) to biomimic VBMs compositionally. Results showed that PIECs on PCL-COL IV exhibited the highest viability and proliferation. Besides, quantitative data indicated that the elastic modulus of the PIECs on PCL-COL IV (4441.00 Pa) was as two times higher than that on PCL-54 (2312.26 Pa), and the adhesion force grew to 1120.99 pN from 673.58 pN of PIECs on PCL-54. In summary, the PCL-COL IV membranes show high similarity with the native VBMs in terms of structure and composition, suggesting a promising potential for surface modification to vascular grafts for improved endothelialization.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chenglong Yu
- Engineering Research Center of Technical Textile, Ministry of Education, Key Laboratory of Textile Science and Technology of Ministry of Education, Key Laboratory of Textile Industry for Biomedical Textile materials and Technology, College of Textiles, Donghua University, 2999 North Renmin Road, Shanghai, 201620, China
| | - Meiyi Xing
- Engineering Research Center of Technical Textile, Ministry of Education, Key Laboratory of Textile Science and Technology of Ministry of Education, Key Laboratory of Textile Industry for Biomedical Textile materials and Technology, College of Textiles, Donghua University, 2999 North Renmin Road, Shanghai, 201620, China
| | - Shibo Sun
- Engineering Research Center of Technical Textile, Ministry of Education, Key Laboratory of Textile Science and Technology of Ministry of Education, Key Laboratory of Textile Industry for Biomedical Textile materials and Technology, College of Textiles, Donghua University, 2999 North Renmin Road, Shanghai, 201620, China
| | - Guoping Guan
- Engineering Research Center of Technical Textile, Ministry of Education, Key Laboratory of Textile Science and Technology of Ministry of Education, Key Laboratory of Textile Industry for Biomedical Textile materials and Technology, College of Textiles, Donghua University, 2999 North Renmin Road, Shanghai, 201620, China.
| | - Lu Wang
- Engineering Research Center of Technical Textile, Ministry of Education, Key Laboratory of Textile Science and Technology of Ministry of Education, Key Laboratory of Textile Industry for Biomedical Textile materials and Technology, College of Textiles, Donghua University, 2999 North Renmin Road, Shanghai, 201620, China.
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22
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Perry G, Xiao W, Welsh GI, Perriman AW, Lennon R. Engineered basement membranes: from in vivo considerations to cell-based assays. Integr Biol (Camb) 2018; 10:680-695. [DOI: 10.1039/c8ib00138c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Engineered basement membranes are required to mimic in vivo properties within cell-based assays.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guillaume Perry
- Sorbonne Université, Laboratoire d’Electronique et d’Electromagnétisme
- F-75005 Paris
- France
| | - Wenjin Xiao
- School of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, University of Bristol
- BS8 1TD Bristol
- UK
| | - Gavin I. Welsh
- Bristol Renal, Bristol Medical School, University of Bristol
- BS1 3NY Bristol
- UK
| | - Adam W. Perriman
- School of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, University of Bristol
- BS8 1TD Bristol
- UK
| | - Rachel Lennon
- Wellcome Trust Centre for Cell Matrix Research, Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, University of Manchester
- M13 9PT Manchester
- UK
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23
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Gong X, Yao J, He H, Zhao X, Liu X, Zhao F, Sun Y, Fan Y. Combination of flow and micropattern alignment affecting flow-resistant endothelial cell adhesion. J Mech Behav Biomed Mater 2017; 74:11-20. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jmbbm.2017.04.028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2017] [Revised: 04/25/2017] [Accepted: 04/27/2017] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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24
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Bachhuka A, Delalat B, Ghaemi SR, Gronthos S, Voelcker NH, Vasilev K. Nanotopography mediated osteogenic differentiation of human dental pulp derived stem cells. NANOSCALE 2017; 9:14248-14258. [PMID: 28914948 DOI: 10.1039/c7nr03131a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/26/2023]
Abstract
Advanced medical devices, treatments and therapies demand an understanding of the role of interfacial properties on the cellular response. This is particularly important in the emerging fields of cell therapies and tissue regeneration. In this study, we evaluate the role of surface nanotopography on the fate of human dental pulp derived stem cells (hDPSC). These stem cells have attracted interest because of their capacity to differentiate to a range of useful lineages but are relatively easy to isolate. We generated and utilized density gradients of gold nanoparticles which allowed us to examine, on a single substrate, the influence of nanofeature density and size on stem cell behavior. We found that hDPSC adhered in greater numbers and proliferated faster on the sections of the gradients with higher density of nanotopography features. Furthermore, greater surface nanotopography density directed the differentiation of hDPSC to osteogenic lineages. This study demonstrates that carefully tuned surface nanotopography can be used to manipulate and guide the proliferation and differentiation of these cells. The outcomes of this study can be important in the rational design of culture substrates and vehicles for cell therapies, tissue engineering constructs and the next generation of biomedical devices where control over the growth of different tissues is required.
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Affiliation(s)
- Akash Bachhuka
- Future Industries Institute, University of South Australia, Mawson Lakes, Adelaide, SA 5095, Australia. and ARC Centre of Excellence for Nanoscale Bio Photonics, Institute for Photonics and Advanced Sensing, School of Physical Sciences, The University of Adelaide, Adelaide, SA 5005, Australia
| | - Bahman Delalat
- Future Industries Institute, University of South Australia, Mawson Lakes, Adelaide, SA 5095, Australia.
| | - Soraya Rasi Ghaemi
- Future Industries Institute, University of South Australia, Mawson Lakes, Adelaide, SA 5095, Australia.
| | - Stan Gronthos
- Adelaide Medical School, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Adelaide, Adelaide, 5005, SA, Australia
| | - Nicolas H Voelcker
- Future Industries Institute, University of South Australia, Mawson Lakes, Adelaide, SA 5095, Australia. and Melbourne Centre for Nanofabrication, Victorian Node of the Australian National Fabrication Facility, 151 Wellington Road, Clayton, Victoria 3168, Australia. and Drug Delivery, Disposition and Dynamics, Monash Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Monash University, 381 Royal Parade, Parkville, Victoria 3052, Australia and Commonwealth Scientific and Industrial Research Organisation (CSIRO), Clayton, Victoria 3168, Australia and INM-Leibniz Institute for New Materials, Campus D2 2, Saarbrücken, 66123, Germany
| | - Krasimir Vasilev
- Future Industries Institute, University of South Australia, Mawson Lakes, Adelaide, SA 5095, Australia. and School of Engineering, University of South Australia, Adelaide, SA 5000, Australia
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25
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Zhou Y, Xiao Y, Qiu Y, Yuan H, van Blitterswijk CA, Zhou X, Xu X, Bao C. Adhesion and proliferation of cells and bacteria on microchip with different surfaces microstructures. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2017; 61:475-482. [PMID: 26684347 DOI: 10.1515/bmt-2015-0075] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/21/2015] [Accepted: 11/09/2015] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
Surface microstructure of implant materials is an essential factor for soft tissue healing around the implant. The purpose of this study was to explore the effect of different microchip surface microstructures on the adhesion and proliferation of cells and bacteria. Hydroxyapatite (HA) microchips with different microstructures (linear, decussate, circular and triangular) and their polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) replica chips were prepared. Myoblast cells (C2C12), Staphylococcus aureus and Porphyromonas gingivalis were seeded on these chips to investigate the effect of different surface microstructures on the adhesion and proliferation. The results indicated that different surface microstructure in the same size did not show much difference on adhesion and proliferation of cell and bacteria; compared to microstructure region (grain ca. 2 μm), the cells preferred to adhesion and proliferate in the blank area (grain ca. 260 nm), in contrast, the bacteria were significantly preferable to the microstructure regions. In conclusion, it might be better for the implant materials to be manufactured in submicron-scale rather than micro-scale to improve the proliferation of cells and to inhibit the adhesion and growth of bacteria.
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26
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Fouillen A, Dos Santos Neves J, Mary C, Castonguay JD, Moffatt P, Baron C, Nanci A. Interactions of AMTN, ODAM and SCPPPQ1 proteins of a specialized basal lamina that attaches epithelial cells to tooth mineral. Sci Rep 2017; 7:46683. [PMID: 28436474 PMCID: PMC5402393 DOI: 10.1038/srep46683] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/03/2016] [Accepted: 03/24/2017] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
A specialized basal lamina (sBL) mediates adhesion of certain epithelial cells to the tooth. It is distinct because it does not contain collagens type IV and VII, is enriched in laminin-332, and includes three novel constituents called amelotin (AMTN), odontogenic ameloblast-associated (ODAM), and secretory calcium-binding phosphoprotein proline-glutamine rich 1 (SCPPPQ1). The objective of this study was to clarify the structural organization of the sBL. Fluorescence and immunogold labeling showed that the three proteins co-localize. Quantitative analysis of the relative position of gold particles on the sBL demonstrates that the distribution of ODAM is skewed towards the cell while that of AMTN and SCPPPQ1 tends towards the tooth surface. Bacterial two-hybrid analysis and co-immunoprecipitation, gel filtration of purified proteins and transmission electron and atomic force microscopies highlight the propensity of AMTN, ODAM, and SCPPPQ1 to interact with and among themselves and form supramolecular aggregates. These data suggest that AMTN, ODAM and SCPPPQ1 participate in structuring an extracellular matrix with the distinctive capacity of attaching epithelial cells to mineralized surfaces. This unique feature is particularly relevant for the adhesion of gingival epithelial cells to the tooth surface, which forms a protective seal that is the first line of defense against bacterial invasion.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aurélien Fouillen
- Laboratory for the Study of Calcified Tissues and Biomaterials, Department of Stomatology, Faculty of Dental medicine Université de Montréal, Montréal, Québec, Canada.,Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Université de Montréal, Québec, Canada
| | - Juliana Dos Santos Neves
- Laboratory for the Study of Calcified Tissues and Biomaterials, Department of Stomatology, Faculty of Dental medicine Université de Montréal, Montréal, Québec, Canada
| | - Charline Mary
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Université de Montréal, Québec, Canada
| | - Jean-Daniel Castonguay
- Laboratory for the Study of Calcified Tissues and Biomaterials, Department of Stomatology, Faculty of Dental medicine Université de Montréal, Montréal, Québec, Canada
| | - Pierre Moffatt
- Shriners Hospital for Children, Montréal, Québec, Canada
| | - Christian Baron
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Université de Montréal, Québec, Canada
| | - Antonio Nanci
- Laboratory for the Study of Calcified Tissues and Biomaterials, Department of Stomatology, Faculty of Dental medicine Université de Montréal, Montréal, Québec, Canada.,Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Université de Montréal, Québec, Canada
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27
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Rychter M, Baranowska-Korczyc A, Lulek J. Progress and perspectives in bioactive agent delivery via electrospun vascular grafts. RSC Adv 2017. [DOI: 10.1039/c7ra04735e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
The review discusses the progress in the design and synthesis of bioactive agents incorporated into vascular grafts obtained by the electrospinning process.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marek Rychter
- Department of Pharmaceutical Technology
- Faculty of Pharmacy
- Poznan University of Medical Sciences
- 60-780 Poznan
- Poland
| | | | - Janina Lulek
- Department of Pharmaceutical Technology
- Faculty of Pharmacy
- Poznan University of Medical Sciences
- 60-780 Poznan
- Poland
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28
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Fahrenholtz MM, Wen S, Grande-Allen KJ. Development of a heart valve model surface for optimization of surface modifications. Acta Biomater 2015; 26:64-71. [PMID: 26296937 DOI: 10.1016/j.actbio.2015.08.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/07/2015] [Revised: 08/11/2015] [Accepted: 08/18/2015] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Current bioprosthetic valve replacements (BPVs) are susceptible to myriad complications, including calcification and thrombosis; however, recent research has explored surface modifications to encourage re-endothelialization of the tissue, preventing unwanted blood-tissue interactions. A bioprosthetic valve surface model (BVSM) was developed to facilitate rapid in vitro optimization of surface modification techniques for BPVs. The BVSM was manufactured by photopolymerization of PEGDA and collagen type I and subsequent addition of amine-rich peptide to provide reactive sites for surface modification. This BVSM mimics surface mechanical properties of bioprosthetic valve tissue, as measured by micropipette aspiration. The BVSM successfully mimics the latent toxic effects of glutaraldehyde fixation, as shown through MTT assay results. Amine content, assessed by XPS, was shown to be significantly lower in the BVSM than unfixed tissue. However, incubation of the surface with amine-reactive NHS-PEG-Cy5 revealed even coverage of the BVSM surface, suggesting that there exists sufficient surface reactive groups to anchor surface modifications, and that translation of the modification process to tissue will yield more complete modification of the BPV surface. These results indicate successful construction of a BVSM that mimics essential properties of bioprosthetic valve tissue and its usefulness for rapid in vitro optimization of surface modification methods for endothelialization. STATEMENT OF SIGNIFICANCE Current bioprosthetic valve replacements are susceptible to many complications, including calcification and thrombosis; however, recent research has explored surface modifications to encourage the integration of the replacement with the native tissue, which would prevent unwanted blood-tissue interactions. However, methods to analyze and optimize such modifications are limited by the complex surface topography, individual variability, and opacity of native tissue. Thus, we have developed a novel bioprosthetic valve tissue model (BVM) which mimics the important features of the bioprosthetic valve tissue and serves as a platform for rapid optimization and testing of surface modification strategies for tissue valves. Thus, the BVM will provide a needed platform to support rapid improvement of clinically available cardiovascular implants.
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29
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Jeon H, Tsui JH, Jang SI, Lee JH, Park S, Mun K, Boo YC, Kim DH. Combined effects of substrate topography and stiffness on endothelial cytokine and chemokine secretion. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2015; 7:4525-4532. [PMID: 25658848 PMCID: PMC4937831 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.5b00554] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/18/2023]
Abstract
Endothelial physiology is regulated not only by humoral factors, but also by mechanical factors such as fluid shear stress and the underlying cellular matrix microenvironment. The purpose of the present study was to examine the effects of matrix topographical cues on the endothelial secretion of cytokines/chemokines in vitro. Human endothelial cells were cultured on nanopatterned polymeric substrates with different ratios of ridge to groove widths (1:1, 1:2, and 1:5) and with different stiffnesses (6.7 MPa and 2.5 GPa) in the presence and absence of 1.0 ng/mL TNF-α. The levels of cytokines/chemokines secreted into the conditioned media were analyzed with a multiplexed bead-based sandwich immunoassay. Of the nanopatterns tested, the 1:1 and 1:2 type patterns were found to induce the greatest degree of endothelial cell elongation and directional alignment. The 1:2 type nanopatterns lowered the secretion of inflammatory cytokines such as IL-1β, IL-3, and MCP-1, compared to unpatterned substrates. Additionally, of the two polymers tested, it was found that the stiffer substrate resulted in significant decreases in the secretion of IL-3 and MCP-1. These results suggest that substrates with specific extracellular nanotopographical cues or stiffnesses may provide anti-atherogenic effects like those seen with laminar shear stresses by suppressing the endothelial secretion of cytokines and chemokines involved in vascular inflammation and remodeling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hyeona Jeon
- Department of Molecular Medicine, School of Medicine, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, 700-422, Republic of Korea
| | - Jonathan H. Tsui
- Department of Bioengineering, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98195, USA
| | - Sue Im Jang
- Cell and Matrix Research Institute, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, 700-422, Republic of Korea
| | - Justin H. Lee
- Department of Bioengineering, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98195, USA
| | - Soojin Park
- Department of Molecular Medicine, School of Medicine, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, 700-422, Republic of Korea
| | - Kevin Mun
- Department of Bioengineering, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98195, USA
| | - Yong Chool Boo
- Department of Molecular Medicine, School of Medicine, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, 700-422, Republic of Korea
- Cell and Matrix Research Institute, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, 700-422, Republic of Korea
| | - Deok-Ho Kim
- Department of Bioengineering, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98195, USA
- Institute for Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98109, USA
- Center for Cardiovascular Biology, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98109, USA
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30
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Tu C, Das S, Baker AB, Zoldan J, Suggs LJ. Nanoscale strategies: treatment for peripheral vascular disease and critical limb ischemia. ACS NANO 2015; 9:3436-52. [PMID: 25844518 PMCID: PMC5494973 DOI: 10.1021/nn507269g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/20/2023]
Abstract
Peripheral vascular disease (PVD) is one of the most prevalent vascular diseases in the U.S. afflicting an estimated 8 million people. Obstruction of peripheral arteries leads to insufficient nutrients and oxygen supply to extremities, which, if not treated properly, can potentially give rise to a severe condition called critical limb ischemia (CLI). CLI is associated with extremely high morbidities and mortalities. Conventional treatments such as angioplasty, atherectomy, stent implantation and bypass surgery have achieved some success in treating localized macrovascular disease but are limited by their invasiveness. An emerging alternative is the use of growth factor (delivered as genes or proteins) and cell therapy for PVD treatment. By delivering growth factors or cells to the ischemic tissue, one can stimulate the regeneration of functional vasculature network locally, re-perfuse the ischemic tissue, and thus salvage the limb. Here we review recent advance in nanomaterials, and discuss how their application can improve and facilitate growth factor or cell therapies. Specifically, nanoparticles (NPs) can serve as drug carrier and target to ischemic tissues and achieve localized and sustained release of pro-angiogenic proteins. As nonviral vectors, NPs can greatly enhance the transfection of target cells with pro-angiogenic genes with relatively fewer safety concern. Further, NPs may also be used in combination with cell therapy to enhance cell retention, cell survival and secretion of angiogenic factors. Lastly, nano/micro fibrous vascular grafts can be engineered to better mimic the structure and composition of native vessels, and hopefully overcome many complications/limitations associated with conventional synthetic grafts.
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31
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Abstract
Modern medicine faces a growing crisis as demand for organ transplantations continues to far outstrip supply. By stimulating the body’s own repair mechanisms, regenerative medicine aims to reduce demand for organs, while the closely related field of tissue engineering promises to deliver “off-the-self” organs grown from patients’ own stem cells to improve supply. To deliver on these promises, we must have reliable means of generating complex tissues. Thus far, the majority of successful tissue engineering approaches have relied on macroporous scaffolds to provide cells with both mechanical support and differentiative cues. In order to engineer complex tissues, greater attention must be paid to nanoscale cues present in a cell’s microenvironment. As the extracellular matrix is capable of driving complexity during development, it must be understood and reproduced in order to recapitulate complexity in engineered tissues. This review will summarize current progress in engineering complex tissue through the integration of nanocomposites and biomimetic scaffolds.
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Affiliation(s)
- John W Cassidy
- Centre for Cell Engineering, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, UK. ; Cancer Research UK Cambridge Institute, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
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Mestres P, Gomez LL, Lopez TN, del Rosario G, Lukas SW, Hartmann U. The basement membrane of the isolated rat colonic mucosa. A light, electron and atomic force microscopy study. Ann Anat 2014; 196:108-18. [PMID: 24582060 DOI: 10.1016/j.aanat.2014.01.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/22/2013] [Revised: 12/08/2013] [Accepted: 01/02/2014] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
Abstract
Basement membranes (BM) are structures of the extracellular matrix (ECM), which are involved in epithelial barriers, but also play an important role in processes such as cell adhesion, cell growth and tissue healing. The aim of this study was to investigate possible effects of cell removal on the structure of the BM of the colonic mucosa. The superficial epithelium was removed with EDTA and the samples were then mechanically fixed for immunohistochemistry, TEM, SEM and AFM. For SEM and AFM, some samples were also prepared according to the OTO method. BM marker proteins were detected after cell removal by immunohistochemistry, indicating that BM remains. However, a lamina lucida (LL) was no longer visible in TEM, it disappeared and the BM became slightly thinner. The surface topography of the BM is characterized by the presence of globules, fenestrations and pore-like structures, which were visualized with SEM and AFM. Noteworthy is the visualization for the first time with AFM of a 3D network of fine fibers and filaments ("cords"), which very much resembled that described with TEM by Inoue (1994). An unresolved question is whether the pore-like structures observed in this study, especially with SEM, actually correspond to the pores of the BM whose existence has been demonstrated functionally. In conclusion, the structural patterns and changes described could be considered as a reference to evaluate the effects of other decellularization protocols on BMs, such as those used in tissue engineering.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pedro Mestres
- Department of Histology and Pathology, Faculty for Health Sciences, University Rey Juan Carlos I, 28922 Alcorcon, Madrid, Spain; Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, Medical School, Saarland University, 66421 Homburg Saar, Germany.
| | - Laura Lopez Gomez
- Department of Histology and Pathology, Faculty for Health Sciences, University Rey Juan Carlos I, 28922 Alcorcon, Madrid, Spain
| | - Teresa Nuñez Lopez
- Department of Histology and Pathology, Faculty for Health Sciences, University Rey Juan Carlos I, 28922 Alcorcon, Madrid, Spain
| | - Gilberto del Rosario
- Laboratory for Electron Microscopy, Centre for Technical Support (CAT), University Rey Juan Carlos I, 28933 Mostoles, Madrid, Spain
| | | | - Uwe Hartmann
- Department of Experimental Physics, Saarland University, 66041 Saarbrucken, Germany
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Muhammad R, Lim SH, Goh SH, Law JBK, Saifullah MSM, Ho GW, Yim EKF. Sub-100 nm patterning of TiO2 film for the regulation of endothelial and smooth muscle cell functions. Biomater Sci 2014; 2:1740-1749. [DOI: 10.1039/c4bm00212a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
A sub-100 nm nano-imprinted TiO2 layer significantly inhibited the proliferation of SMCs and increased the proliferation of HUVECs. Focal adhesions size, density and distribution were significantly modulated by nano-imprinted TiO2.
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Affiliation(s)
- R. Muhammad
- Department of Biomedical Engineering
- National University of Singapore
- Singapore 117576, Republic of Singapore
- Institute of Materials Research and Engineering
- A*STAR (Agency for Science
| | - S. H. Lim
- Institute of Materials Research and Engineering
- A*STAR (Agency for Science
- Technology and Research)
- Singapore 117602, Republic of Singapore
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering
| | - S. H. Goh
- Department of Biomedical Engineering
- National University of Singapore
- Singapore 117576, Republic of Singapore
- Institute of Materials Research and Engineering
- A*STAR (Agency for Science
| | - J. B. K. Law
- Institute of Materials Research and Engineering
- A*STAR (Agency for Science
- Technology and Research)
- Singapore 117602, Republic of Singapore
| | - M. S. M. Saifullah
- Institute of Materials Research and Engineering
- A*STAR (Agency for Science
- Technology and Research)
- Singapore 117602, Republic of Singapore
| | - G. W. Ho
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering
- National University of Singapore
- Singapore 117576, Republic of Singapore
| | - E. K. F. Yim
- Department of Biomedical Engineering
- National University of Singapore
- Singapore 117576, Republic of Singapore
- Mechanobiology Institute
- National University of Singapore
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Selective modulation of cell response on engineered fractal silicon substrates. Sci Rep 2013; 3:1461. [PMID: 23492898 PMCID: PMC3598004 DOI: 10.1038/srep01461] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2012] [Accepted: 02/26/2013] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
A plethora of work has been dedicated to the analysis of cell behavior on substrates with ordered topographical features. However, the natural cell microenvironment is characterized by biomechanical cues organized over multiple scales. Here, randomly rough, self-affinefractal surfaces are generated out of silicon,where roughness Ra and fractal dimension Df are independently controlled. The proliferation rates, the formation of adhesion structures, and the morphology of 3T3 murine fibroblasts are monitored over six different substrates. The proliferation rate is maximized on surfaces with moderate roughness (Ra ~ 40 nm) and large fractal dimension (Df ~ 2.4); whereas adhesion structures are wider and more stable on substrates with higher roughness (Ra ~ 50 nm) and lower fractal dimension (Df ~ 2.2). Higher proliferation occurson substrates exhibiting densely packed and sharp peaks, whereas more regular ridges favor adhesion. These results suggest that randomly roughtopographies can selectively modulate cell behavior.
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Torrejon KY, Pu D, Bergkvist M, Danias J, Sharfstein ST, Xie Y. Recreating a human trabecular meshwork outflow system on microfabricated porous structures. Biotechnol Bioeng 2013; 110:3205-18. [PMID: 23775275 DOI: 10.1002/bit.24977] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2013] [Revised: 06/04/2013] [Accepted: 06/07/2013] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
Abstract
Glaucoma is the leading cause of irreversible blindness, resulting from an increase in intraocular pressure (IOP). IOP is the only modifiable risk factor of glaucoma and is controlled by the outflow of the aqueous humor through the human trabecular meshwork (HTM). Currently, the lack of a proper in vitro HTM model impedes advances in understanding outflow physiology and discovering effective IOP-lowering anti-glaucoma therapeutics. Therefore, we designed and constructed an in vitro HTM model using micropatterned, porous SU-8 scaffolds, which support cells to recapitulate functional HTM morphology and allow the study of outflow physiology. The pore size of SU-8 scaffolds, surface coating, cell seeding density, and culture duration were evaluated for HTM cell growth. The bioengineered HTM was characterized by F-actin staining and immunocytochemistry of HTM markers. A stand-alone perfusion chamber with an integrated pressure sensing system was further constructed and used for the investigation of the outflow facility of the bioengineered HTM treated with latrunculin B-an IOP lowering agent. Cells in the in vitro model exhibited HTM-like morphology, expression of α-smooth muscle actin, myocilin, and αß-crystallin, outflow characteristics and drug responsiveness. Altogether, we have developed an in vitro HTM model system for understanding HTM cell biology and screening of pharmacological or biological agents that affect trabecular outflow facility, expediting discovery of IOP-lowering, anti-glaucoma therapeutics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Karen Y Torrejon
- College of Nanoscale Science and Engineering, University at Albany, State University of New York, 257 Fuller Road, Albany, New York, 12203
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36
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Tocce E, Liliensiek S, Broderick A, Jiang Y, Murphy K, Murphy C, Lynn D, Nealey P. The influence of biomimetic topographical features and the extracellular matrix peptide RGD on human corneal epithelial contact guidance. Acta Biomater 2013; 9:5040-51. [PMID: 23069317 DOI: 10.1016/j.actbio.2012.10.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2012] [Revised: 09/18/2012] [Accepted: 10/05/2012] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
Abstract
A major focus in the field of tissue engineering is the regulation of essential cell behaviors through biophysical and biochemical cues from the local extracellular environment. The impact of nanotopographical cues on human corneal epithelial cell (HCEC) contact guidance, proliferation, migration and adhesion have previously been demonstrated. In the current report we have expanded our study of HCEC responses to include both biophysical and controlled biochemical extracellular cues. By exploiting methods for the layer-by-layer coating of substrates with reactive poly(ethylene imine)/poly(2-vinyl-4,4-dimethylazlactone)-based multilayer thin films we have incorporated a single adhesion peptide motif, Arg-Gly-Asp (RGD), on topographically patterned substrates. This strategy eliminates protein adsorption onto the surface, thus decoupling the effects of the HCEC response to topographical cues from adsorbed proteins and soluble media proteins. The direction of cell alignment was dependent on the scale of the topographical cues and, to less of an extent, the culture medium. In EpiLife® medium cell alignment to unmodified-NOA81 topographical features, which allowed protein adsorption, differed significantly from cell alignment on RGD-modified features. These results demonstrate that the surface chemical composition significantly affects how HCECs respond to topographical cues. In summary, we have demonstrated modulation of the HCEC response to environmental cues through critical substrate and soluble parameters.
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The modulation of canine mesenchymal stem cells by nano-topographic cues. Exp Cell Res 2012; 318:2438-45. [PMID: 22771362 DOI: 10.1016/j.yexcr.2012.06.022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2012] [Revised: 06/08/2012] [Accepted: 06/28/2012] [Indexed: 01/14/2023]
Abstract
Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) represent a promising cellular therapeutic for the treatment of a variety of disorders. On transplantation, MSCs interact with diverse extracellular matrices (ECMs) that vary dramatically in topographic feature type, size and surface order. In order to investigate the impact of these topographic cues, surfaces were fabricated with either isotropically ordered holes or anisotropically ordered ridges and grooves. To simulate the biologically relevant nano through micron size scale, a series of topographically patterned substrates possessing features of differing pitch (pitch=feature width+groove width) were created. Results document that the surface order and size of substratum topographic features dramatically modulate fundamental MSC behaviors. Topographically patterned (ridge+groove) surfaces were found to significantly impact MSC alignment, elongation, and aspect ratio. Novel findings also demonstrate that submicron surfaces patterned with holes resulted in increased MSC alignment to adjacent cells as well as increased migration rates. Overall, this study demonstrates that the presentation of substratum topographic cues dramatically influence MSC behaviors in a size and shape dependent manner. The response of MSCs to substratum topographic cues was similar to other cell types that have been studied previously with regards to cell shape on ridge and groove surfaces but differed with respect to proliferation and migration. This is the first study to compare the impact of anisotropically ordered ridge and groove topographic cues to isotropically order holed topographic cues on fundamental MSC behaviors across a range of biologically relevant size scales.
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Morgan JT, Wood JA, Shah NM, Hughbanks ML, Russell P, Barakat AI, Murphy CJ. Integration of basal topographic cues and apical shear stress in vascular endothelial cells. Biomaterials 2012; 33:4126-35. [PMID: 22417618 DOI: 10.1016/j.biomaterials.2012.02.047] [Citation(s) in RCA: 73] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2012] [Accepted: 02/26/2012] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
In vivo, vascular endothelial cells (VECs) are anchored to the underlying stroma through a specialization of the extracellular matrix, the basement membrane (BM) which provides a variety of substratum associated biophysical cues that have been shown to regulate fundamental VEC behaviors. VEC function and homeostasis are also influenced by hemodynamic cues applied to their apical surface. How the combination of these biophysical cues impacts fundamental VEC behavior remains poorly studied. In the present study, we investigated the impact of providing biophysical cues simultaneously to the basal and apical surfaces of human aortic endothelial cells (HAECs). Anisotropically ordered patterned surfaces of alternating ridges and grooves and isotropic holed surfaces of varying pitch (pitch = ridge or hole width + intervening groove or planar regions) were fabricated and seeded with HAECs. The cells were then subjected to a steady shear stress of 20 dyne/cm(2) applied either parallel or perpendicular to the direction of the ridge/groove topography. HAECs subjected to flow parallel to the ridge/groove topography exhibited protagonistic effects of the two stimuli on cellular orientation and elongation. In contrast, flow perpendicular to the substrate topography resulted in largely antagonistic effects. Interestingly, the behavior depended on the shape and size of the topographic features. HAECs exhibited a response that was less influenced by the substratum and primarily driven by flow on isotropically ordered holed surfaces of identical pitch to the anistropically ordered surfaces of alternating ridges and grooves. Simultaneous presentation of biophysical cues to the basal and apical aspects of cells also influenced nuclear orientation and elongation; however, the extent of nuclear realignment was more modest in comparison to cellular realignment regardless of the surface order of topographic features. Flow-induced HAEC migration was also influenced by the ridge/groove surface topographic features with significantly altered migration direction and increased migration tortuosity when flow was oriented perpendicular to the topography; this effect was also pitch-dependent. The present findings provide valuable insight into the interaction of biologically relevant apical and basal biophysical cues in regulating cellular behavior and promise to inform improved prosthetic design.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joshua T Morgan
- Department of Surgical and Radiological Sciences, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of California, Davis, CA 95616, USA
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39
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The adhering junctions of valvular interstitial cells: molecular composition in fetal and adult hearts and the comings and goings of plakophilin-2 in situ, in cell culture and upon re-association with scaffolds. Cell Tissue Res 2012; 348:295-307. [DOI: 10.1007/s00441-011-1315-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2011] [Accepted: 12/20/2011] [Indexed: 10/14/2022]
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40
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Li Y, Zhu Y, Yu H, Chen L, Liu Y. Topographic characterization and protein quantification of esophageal basement membrane for scaffold design reference in tissue engineering. J Biomed Mater Res B Appl Biomater 2011; 100:265-73. [DOI: 10.1002/jbm.b.31949] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/17/2011] [Revised: 06/05/2011] [Accepted: 07/05/2011] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
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41
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The impact of compositional topography of amniotic membrane scaffold on tissue morphogenesis of salivary gland. Biomaterials 2011; 32:4424-32. [PMID: 21439637 DOI: 10.1016/j.biomaterials.2011.02.057] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/21/2011] [Accepted: 02/27/2011] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Amniotic membrane (AM) has been widely used in the reconstruction of oral epithelial defects. However, whether it is also effective in facilitating tissue formation of salivary gland, an appendix of oral epithelia, has never been explored. To investigate the effects and the underlying mechanism of AM on salivary gland morphogenesis, murine fetal submandibular gland (SMG) explants were cultured on different preparations of AM scaffolds. It was found that, on AM stromal scaffold, SMG demonstrated well-developed branching morphogenesis. Nonetheless, on AM epithelial scaffold, SMG epithelial cell converted to a spindle-shape, lost intercellular connection, changed cytoskeletal organization, and exhibited scattering behaviors. Meanwhile, the integrity of SMG basement membrane was dismantled as well. However, when acellular AM epithelial scaffold was used, cultured SMG demonstrated organized morphology, indicating that AM epithelial component provided specific surface features for SMG morphogenesis. To further investigate AM scaffold morphogenetic effect, it was found hepatocyte growth factor (HGF), an epithelial scattering factor, was expressed abundantly in cultivated AM epithelia. After blocking HGF function of AM, cultured SMG regained branching activity, reorganized cell adhesion and subcellular organization, and reproduced basement membranes. Therefore, AM-derived bioactive factor profoundly influences cell behaviors and structure formation of SMG. Together, this study showed that compositional topography of AM scaffold is important in affecting SMG morphogenesis. By understanding the effects of AM scaffold on SMG morphogenesis, it provides important information for rationally designing and fabricating AM scaffold for salivary gland regeneration.
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42
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Angel PM, Nusinow D, Brown CB, Violette K, Barnett JV, Zhang B, Baldwin HS, Caprioli RM. Networked-based characterization of extracellular matrix proteins from adult mouse pulmonary and aortic valves. J Proteome Res 2010; 10:812-23. [PMID: 21133377 DOI: 10.1021/pr1009806] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
A precise mixture of extracellular matrix (ECM) secreted by valvular cells forms a scaffold that lends the heart valve the exact mechanical and tensile strength needed for accurate hemodynamic performance. ECM proteins are a key component of valvular endothelial cell (VEC)-valvular interstitial cell (VIC) communication essential for maintenance of the valve structure. This study reports the healthy adult pulmonary and aortic valve proteomes characterized by LC-MS/MS, resulting in 2710 proteins expressed by 1513 genes, including over 300 abundant ECM proteins. Surprisingly, this study defines a distinct proteome for each semilunar valve. Protein-protein networking (PPN) was used as a tool to direct selection of proteomic candidates for biological investigation. Local PPN for nidogen 1 (Nid1), biglycan (Bgn), elastin microfibril interface-located protein 1 (Emilin-1), and milk fat globule-EGF factor 8 protein (Mfge8) were enriched with proteins essential to valve function and produced biological functions highly relevant to valve biology. Immunofluorescent investigations demonstrated that these proteins are functionally distributed within the pulmonary and aortic valve structure, indicative of important contribution to valve function. This study yields new insight into protein expression contributing to valvular maintenance and health and provides a platform for unbiased assessment of protein alterations during disease processes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peggi M Angel
- Mass Spectrometry Research Center, Department of Biochemistry, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, Tennessee 37232, USA
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43
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Tocce EJ, Smirnov VK, Kibalov DS, Liliensiek SJ, Murphy CJ, Nealey PF. The ability of corneal epithelial cells to recognize high aspect ratio nanostructures. Biomaterials 2010; 31:4064-72. [PMID: 20153044 PMCID: PMC2868502 DOI: 10.1016/j.biomaterials.2010.01.101] [Citation(s) in RCA: 54] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2009] [Accepted: 01/15/2010] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
The basement membrane of the human corneal epithelium comprises topographic features including fibers, pores, and elevations with feature dimensions on the order of 20-400 nm. Understanding the impact of sub-micron and nanotopography on corneal cell behavior will contribute to our understanding of biomechanical cues and will assist in the design of improved synthetic corneal implants. We utilized well defined ridge and groove wave-like nanostructures (wave ordered structures, WOS) of 60-140 pitches (30-70 nm ridge widths) and 200 nm depths to assess human corneal epithelial cell (HCEC) contact guidance and to establish HCEC contact acuity defined as the lower limit in feature dimensions at which cells respond to biomimetic topographic cues. Results using the WOS substrates demonstrate that HCEC contact acuity is in the range of 60 nm pitch for cells in a serum-free basal medium (EpiLife) and in the range of 90 nm pitch for cells in epithelial medium. To further investigate the influence of HCEC contact acuity in the presence of larger topographic cues, we fabricated 70 nm pitch WOS-overlaid parallel to the top of the ridges of 800-4000 nm pitch. HCEC cultured in epithelial medium demonstrate a significant increase in the percent of cells aligning to 4000 nm pitch topography with WOS-overlay compared to controls (both flat and 70 nm WOS alone) and 4000 nm pitch topography alone. These results highlight the significance of the lower range of basement membrane scale topographic cues on cell response and allow for improved prosthetic design.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | - Paul F. Nealey
- Chemical & Biological Engineering, University of Wisconsin, Madison
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Liliensiek SJ, Wood JA, Yong J, Auerbach R, Nealey PF, Murphy CJ. Modulation of human vascular endothelial cell behaviors by nanotopographic cues. Biomaterials 2010; 31:5418-26. [PMID: 20400175 DOI: 10.1016/j.biomaterials.2010.03.045] [Citation(s) in RCA: 156] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2010] [Accepted: 03/17/2010] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
Basement membranes possess a complex three-dimensional topography in the nanoscale and submicron range which have been shown to profoundly modulate a large menu of fundamental cell behaviors. Using the topographic features found in native vascular endothelial basement membranes as a guide, polyurethane substrates were fabricated containing anisotropically ordered ridge and groove structures and isotropically ordered pores from 200 nm to 2000 nm in size. We investigated the impact of biomimetic length-scale topographic cues on orientation/elongation, proliferation and migration on four human vascular endothelial cell-types from large and small diameter vessels. We found that all cell-types exhibited orientation and alignment with the most pronounced response on anisotropically ordered ridges > or =800 nm. HUVEC cells were the only cell-type examined to demonstrate a decrease in proliferation in response to the smallest topographic features regardless of surface order. On anisotropically ordered surfaces all cell-types migrated preferentially parallel to the long axis of the ridges, with the greatest increase in cell migration being observed on the 1200 nm pitch. In contrast, cells did not exhibit any preference in direction or increase in migration speed on isotropically ordered surfaces. Overall, our data demonstrate that surface topographic features impact vascular endothelial cell behavior and that the impact of features varies with the cell behavior being considered, topographic feature scale, surface order, and the anatomic origin of the cell being investigated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sara J Liliensiek
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, School of Engineering, University of Wisconsin-Madison, USA
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45
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Buxton DB. Current status of nanotechnology approaches for cardiovascular disease: a personal perspective. WILEY INTERDISCIPLINARY REVIEWS-NANOMEDICINE AND NANOBIOTECHNOLOGY 2010; 1:149-55. [PMID: 20049786 DOI: 10.1002/wnan.8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Abstract
Nanotechnology is poised to have an increasing impact on cardiovascular health in coming years. Diagnostically, multiplexed point-of-care devices will enable rapid genotyping and biomarker measurement to optimize and tailor therapies for the individual patient. Nanoparticle-based molecular imaging agents will take advantage of targeted agents to provide increased insight into disease pathways rather then simply providing structural and functional information. Drug delivery will be impacted by targeting of nanoparticle-encapsulated drugs to the site of action, increasing the effective concentration and decreasing systemic dosage and side effects. Controlled and tailored release of drugs from polymers will improve control of pharmacokinetics and bioavailability. The application of nanotechnology to tissue engineering will facilitate the fabrication of better tissue implants in vitro, and provide scaffolds to promote regeneration in vivo taking advantage of the body's own repair mechanisms. Medical devices will benefit from the development of nanostructured surfaces and coatings to provide better control of thrombogenicity and infection. Taken together, these new technologies have enormous potential for improving the diagnosis and treatment of cardiovascular diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Denis B Buxton
- National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute, 6701 Rockledge Drive, Bethesda, MD 20892-7940, USA.
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Biggs MJP, Richards RG, Dalby MJ. Nanotopographical modification: a regulator of cellular function through focal adhesions. NANOMEDICINE-NANOTECHNOLOGY BIOLOGY AND MEDICINE 2010; 6:619-33. [PMID: 20138244 DOI: 10.1016/j.nano.2010.01.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 327] [Impact Index Per Article: 23.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/06/2009] [Revised: 12/02/2009] [Accepted: 01/07/2010] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
UNLABELLED As materials technology and the field of biomedical engineering advances, the role of cellular mechanisms, in particular adhesive interactions with implantable devices, becomes more relevant in both research and clinical practice. A key tenet of medical device design has evolved from the exquisite ability of biological systems to respond to topographical features or chemical stimuli, a process that has led to the development of next-generation biomaterials for a wide variety of clinical disorders. In vitro studies have identified nanoscale features as potent modulators of cellular behavior through the onset of focal adhesion formation. The focus of this review is on the recent developments concerning the role of nanoscale structures on integrin-mediated adhesion and cellular function with an emphasis on the generation of medical constructs with regenerative applications. FROM THE CLINICAL EDITOR In this review, recent developments related to the role of nanoscale structures on integrin-mediated adhesion and cellular function is discussed, with an emphasis on regenerative applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Manus Jonathan Paul Biggs
- Nanotechnology Center for Mechanics in Regenerative Medicine, Department of Applied Physics and Applied Mathematics, Columbia University, New York, NY, USA.
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48
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Uriel S, Labay E, Francis-Sedlak M, Moya ML, Weichselbaum RR, Ervin N, Cankova Z, Brey EM. Extraction and assembly of tissue-derived gels for cell culture and tissue engineering. Tissue Eng Part C Methods 2009; 15:309-21. [PMID: 19115821 DOI: 10.1089/ten.tec.2008.0309] [Citation(s) in RCA: 89] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Interactions with the extracellular matrix (ECM) play an important role in regulating cell function. Cells cultured in, or on, three-dimensional ECM recapitulate similar features to those found in vivo that are not present in traditional two-dimensional culture. In addition, both natural and synthetic materials containing ECM components have shown promise in a number of tissue engineering applications. Current materials available for cell culture and tissue engineering do not adequately reflect the diversity of ECM composition between tissues. In this paper, a method is presented for extracting solutions of proteins and glycoproteins from soft tissues and inducing assembly of these proteins into gels. The extracts contain ECM proteins specific to the tissue source with low levels of intracellular molecules. Gels formed from the tissue-derived extracts have nanostructure similar to ECM in vivo and can be used to culture cells as both a thin substrate coating and a thick gel. This technique could be used to assemble hydrogels with varying composition depending upon the tissue source, hydrogels for three-dimensional culture, as scaffolds for tissue engineering therapies, and to study cell-matrix interactions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shiri Uriel
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Pritzker Institute of Biomedical Science and Engineering, Illinois Institute of Technology, Chicago, Illinois 60616, USA
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49
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Liliensiek SJ, Nealey P, Murphy CJ. Characterization of endothelial basement membrane nanotopography in rhesus macaque as a guide for vessel tissue engineering. Tissue Eng Part A 2009; 15:2643-51. [PMID: 19207042 DOI: 10.1089/ten.tea.2008.0284] [Citation(s) in RCA: 109] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Basement membranes have many features that greatly influence vascular endothelial cell function, including a complex three-dimensional topography. As a first step in the design and development of vascular prosthetics, we undertook a thorough characterization of the topographic features of endothelial vascular basement membranes utilizing transmission electron microscopy and scanning electron microscopy. Specifically, we quantitatively analyzed the topographic features present in the aorta, carotid, saphenous, and inferior vena cava vessels in the rhesus macaque. Our results indicate that vascular basement membranes are composed of a complex meshwork consisting of pores and fibers in the submicron (100-1000 nm) and nanoscale (1-100 nm) range, consistent with what has previously been reported in basement membranes of other tissues. We found significant differences (p<0.05) in basement membrane thickness and pore and fiber diameter depending on the location and physical properties of the vessel. These results have relevance to our fundamental understanding of vascular endothelial cell-matrix interactions in health and disease, evolving strategies in cell and tissue engineering and the design of cardiovascular prosthetic devices.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sara J Liliensiek
- Department of Surgical Sciences, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, Wisconsin 53706, USA. sjlilien@.wisc.edu
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