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Rostamani H, Fakhraei O, Zamirinadaf N, Mahjour M. An overview of nasal cartilage bioprinting: from bench to bedside. JOURNAL OF BIOMATERIALS SCIENCE. POLYMER EDITION 2024; 35:1273-1320. [PMID: 38441976 DOI: 10.1080/09205063.2024.2321636] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/19/2023] [Accepted: 02/08/2024] [Indexed: 03/07/2024]
Abstract
Nasal cartilage diseases and injuries are known as significant challenges in reconstructive medicine, affecting a substantial number of individuals worldwide. In recent years, the advent of three-dimensional (3D) bioprinting has emerged as a promising approach for nasal cartilage reconstruction, offering potential breakthroughs in the field of regenerative medicine. This paper provides an overview of the methods and challenges associated with 3D bioprinting technologies in the procedure of reconstructing nasal cartilage tissue. The process of 3D bioprinting entails generating a digital 3D model using biomedical imaging techniques and computer-aided design to integrate both internal and external scaffold features. Then, bioinks which consist of biomaterials, cell types, and bioactive chemicals, are applied to facilitate the precise layer-by-layer bioprinting of tissue-engineered scaffolds. After undergoing in vitro and in vivo experiments, this process results in the development of the physiologically functional integrity of the tissue. The advantages of 3D bioprinting encompass the ability to customize scaffold design, enabling the precise incorporation of pore shape, size, and porosity, as well as the utilization of patient-specific cells to enhance compatibility. However, various challenges should be considered, including the optimization of biomaterials, ensuring adequate cell viability and differentiation, achieving seamless integration with the host tissue, and navigating regulatory attention. Although numerous studies have demonstrated the potential of 3D bioprinting in the rebuilding of such soft tissues, this paper covers various aspects of the bioprinted tissues to provide insights for the future development of repair techniques appropriate for clinical use.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hosein Rostamani
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Mashhad Branch, Islamic Azad University, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Omid Fakhraei
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Mashhad Branch, Islamic Azad University, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Niloufar Zamirinadaf
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Mashhad Branch, Islamic Azad University, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Mehran Mahjour
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Mashhad Branch, Islamic Azad University, Mashhad, Iran
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2
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Kwok B, Chandrasekaran P, Wang C, He L, Mauck RL, Dyment NA, Koyama E, Han L. Rapid specialization and stiffening of the primitive matrix in developing articular cartilage and meniscus. Acta Biomater 2023; 168:235-251. [PMID: 37414114 PMCID: PMC10529006 DOI: 10.1016/j.actbio.2023.06.047] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2023] [Revised: 06/02/2023] [Accepted: 06/28/2023] [Indexed: 07/08/2023]
Abstract
Understanding early patterning events in the extracellular matrix (ECM) formation can provide a blueprint for regenerative strategies to better recapitulate the function of native tissues. Currently, there is little knowledge on the initial, incipient ECM of articular cartilage and meniscus, two load-bearing counterparts of the knee joint. This study elucidated distinctive traits of their developing ECMs by studying the composition and biomechanics of these two tissues in mice from mid-gestation (embryonic day 15.5) to neo-natal (post-natal day 7) stages. We show that articular cartilage initiates with the formation of a pericellular matrix (PCM)-like primitive matrix, followed by the separation into distinct PCM and territorial/interterritorial (T/IT)-ECM domains, and then, further expansion of the T/IT-ECM through maturity. In this process, the primitive matrix undergoes a rapid, exponential stiffening, with a daily modulus increase rate of 35.7% [31.9 39.6]% (mean [95% CI]). Meanwhile, the matrix becomes more heterogeneous in the spatial distribution of properties, with concurrent exponential increases in the standard deviation of micromodulus and the slope correlating local micromodulus with the distance from cell surface. In comparison to articular cartilage, the primitive matrix of meniscus also exhibits exponential stiffening and an increase in heterogeneity, albeit with a much slower daily stiffening rate of 19.8% [14.9 24.9]% and a delayed separation of PCM and T/IT-ECM. These contrasts underscore distinct development paths of hyaline versus fibrocartilage. Collectively, these findings provide new insights into how knee joint tissues form to better guide cell- and biomaterial-based repair of articular cartilage, meniscus and potentially other load-bearing cartilaginous tissues. STATEMENT OF SIGNIFICANCE: Successful regeneration of articular cartilage and meniscus is challenged by incomplete knowledge of early events that drive the initial formation of the tissues' extracellular matrix in vivo. This study shows that articular cartilage initiates with a pericellular matrix (PCM)-like primitive matrix during embryonic development. This primitive matrix then separates into distinct PCM and territorial/interterritorial domains, undergoes an exponential daily stiffening of ≈36% and an increase in micromechanical heterogeneity. At this early stage, the meniscus primitive matrix shows differential molecular traits and exhibits a slower daily stiffening of ≈20%, underscoring distinct matrix development between these two tissues. Our findings thus establish a new blueprint to guide the design of regenerative strategies to recapitulate the key developmental steps in vivo.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bryan Kwok
- School of Biomedical Engineering, Science and Health Systems, Drexel University, Philadelphia, PA 19104, United States
| | - Prashant Chandrasekaran
- School of Biomedical Engineering, Science and Health Systems, Drexel University, Philadelphia, PA 19104, United States
| | - Chao Wang
- School of Biomedical Engineering, Science and Health Systems, Drexel University, Philadelphia, PA 19104, United States
| | - Lan He
- School of Biomedical Engineering, Science and Health Systems, Drexel University, Philadelphia, PA 19104, United States
| | - Robert L Mauck
- McKay Orthopaedic Research Laboratory, Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, United States; Translational Musculoskeletal Research Center, Corporal Michael J. Crescenz Veterans Administration Medical Center, Philadelphia, PA 19104, United States
| | - Nathaniel A Dyment
- McKay Orthopaedic Research Laboratory, Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, United States
| | - Eiki Koyama
- Translational Research Program in Pediatric Orthopaedics, Division of Orthopaedic Surgery, The Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA 19104, United States
| | - Lin Han
- School of Biomedical Engineering, Science and Health Systems, Drexel University, Philadelphia, PA 19104, United States.
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3
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Yin P, Su W, Li T, Wang L, Pan J, Wu X, Shao Y, Chen H, Lin L, Yang Y, Cheng X, Li Y, Wu Y, Zeng C, Huang W. A modular hydrogel bioink containing microsphere-embedded chondrocytes for 3D-printed multiscale composite scaffolds for cartilage repair. iScience 2023; 26:107349. [PMID: 37539040 PMCID: PMC10393809 DOI: 10.1016/j.isci.2023.107349] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2023] [Revised: 05/30/2023] [Accepted: 07/06/2023] [Indexed: 08/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Articular cartilage tissue engineering is being considered an alternative treatment strategy for promoting cartilage damage repair. Herein, we proposed a modular hydrogel-based bioink containing microsphere-embedded chondrocytes for 3D printing multiscale scaffolds integrating the micro and macro environment of the native articular cartilage. Gelatin methacryloyl (GelMA)/alginate microsphere was prepared by a microfluidic approach, and the chondrocytes embedded in the microspheres remained viable after being frozen and resuscitated. The modular hydrogel bioink could be printed via the gel-in-gel 3D bioprinting strategy for fabricating the multiscale hydrogel-based scaffolds. Meanwhile, the cells cultured in the scaffolds showed good proliferation and differentiation. Furthermore, we also found that the composite hydrogel was biocompatible in vivo. These results indicated that the modular hydrogel-based bioinks containing microsphere-embedded chondrocytes for 3D printing multiscale scaffolds could provide a 3D multiscale environment for enhancing cartilage repairing, which would be encouraging considering the numerous alternative applications in articular cartilage tissue engineering.
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Affiliation(s)
- Panjing Yin
- Department of Joint Surgery, The Third Affiliated Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510630, P.R.China
- Guangdong Engineering Research Center for Translation of Medical 3D Printing Application, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Digital Medicine and Biomechanics, National Key Discipline of Human Anatomy, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, China
| | - Weiwei Su
- Guangdong Engineering Research Center for Translation of Medical 3D Printing Application, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Digital Medicine and Biomechanics, National Key Discipline of Human Anatomy, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, China
| | - Ting Li
- Guangdong Engineering Research Center for Translation of Medical 3D Printing Application, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Digital Medicine and Biomechanics, National Key Discipline of Human Anatomy, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, China
| | - Ling Wang
- School of Biomedical Engineering, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, Guangdong Province, China
| | - Jianying Pan
- Department of Joint Surgery, The Third Affiliated Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510630, P.R.China
| | - Xiaoqi Wu
- Guangdong Engineering Research Center for Translation of Medical 3D Printing Application, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Digital Medicine and Biomechanics, National Key Discipline of Human Anatomy, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, China
| | - Yan Shao
- Department of Joint Surgery, The Third Affiliated Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510630, P.R.China
| | - Huabin Chen
- Department of Joint Surgery, The Third Affiliated Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510630, P.R.China
| | - Lin Lin
- Department of Joint Surgery, The Third Affiliated Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510630, P.R.China
| | - Yang Yang
- Guangdong Engineering Research Center for Translation of Medical 3D Printing Application, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Digital Medicine and Biomechanics, National Key Discipline of Human Anatomy, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, China
| | - Xiulin Cheng
- The School of Basic Medical Sciences, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou 350108, Fujian Province, China
| | - Yanbing Li
- Guangdong Engineering Research Center for Translation of Medical 3D Printing Application, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Digital Medicine and Biomechanics, National Key Discipline of Human Anatomy, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, China
| | - Yaobin Wu
- Guangdong Engineering Research Center for Translation of Medical 3D Printing Application, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Digital Medicine and Biomechanics, National Key Discipline of Human Anatomy, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, China
| | - Chun Zeng
- Department of Joint Surgery, The Third Affiliated Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510630, P.R.China
| | - Wenhua Huang
- Guangdong Engineering Research Center for Translation of Medical 3D Printing Application, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Digital Medicine and Biomechanics, National Key Discipline of Human Anatomy, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, China
- Guangdong Medical Innovation Platform for Translation of 3D Printing Application, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510000, China
- Orthopaedic Center, Affiliated Hospital of Guangdong Medical University, Guangdong Medical University, Zhanjiang 524001, China
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4
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Thomas J, Chopra V, Rajput S, Guha R, Chattopadhyay N, Ghosh D. Post-Implantation Stiffening by a Bioinspired, Double-Network, Self-Healing Hydrogel Facilitates Minimally Invasive Cell Delivery for Cartilage Regeneration. Biomacromolecules 2023. [PMID: 37376790 DOI: 10.1021/acs.biomac.3c00351] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/29/2023]
Abstract
Injectable hydrogels have demonstrated advantages in cartilage repair by enabling the delivery of cells through a minimally invasive approach. However, several injectable hydrogels suffer from rapid degradation and low mechanical strength. Moreover, higher mechanical stiffness in hydrogels can have a detrimental effect on post-implantation cell viability. To address these challenges, we developed an in situ forming bioinspired double network hydrogel (BDNH) that exhibits temperature-dependent stiffening after implantation. The BDNH mimics the microarchitecture of aggrecan, with hyaluronic acid-conjugated poly(N-isopropylacrylamide) providing rigidity and Schiff base crosslinked polymers serving as the ductile counterpart. BDNHs exhibited self-healing property and enhanced stiffness at physiological temperature. Excellent cell viability, long time cell proliferation, and cartilage specific matrix production were observed in the chondrocytes cultured in the BDNH hydrogel. Evidence of cartilage regeneration in a rabbit cartilage defect model using chondrocyte-laden BDNH has suggested it to be a potential candidate for cartilage tissue engineering.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jijo Thomas
- Chemical Biology Unit, Institute of Nano Science and Technology, Knowledge City, Sector 81, Mohali, Punjab 140306, India
| | - Vianni Chopra
- Chemical Biology Unit, Institute of Nano Science and Technology, Knowledge City, Sector 81, Mohali, Punjab 140306, India
| | - Swati Rajput
- Division of Endocrinology and Centre for Research in ASTHI, CSIR-Central Drug Research Institute, Council of Scientific and Industrial Research, Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh 226031, India
| | - Rajdeep Guha
- Laboratory Animal Facility, CSIR-Central Drug Research Institute, Council of Scientific and Industrial Research, Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh 226031, India
| | - Naibedya Chattopadhyay
- Division of Endocrinology and Centre for Research in ASTHI, CSIR-Central Drug Research Institute, Council of Scientific and Industrial Research, Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh 226031, India
| | - Deepa Ghosh
- Chemical Biology Unit, Institute of Nano Science and Technology, Knowledge City, Sector 81, Mohali, Punjab 140306, India
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5
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Zhu D, Trinh P, Liu E, Yang F. Cell-Cell Interactions Enhance Cartilage Zonal Development in 3D Gradient Hydrogels. ACS Biomater Sci Eng 2023; 9:831-843. [PMID: 36629329 DOI: 10.1021/acsbiomaterials.2c00469] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
Abstract
Cartilage tissue is characterized by zonal organization with gradual transitions of biochemical and mechanical cues from superficial to deep zones. We previously reported that 3D gradient hydrogels made of polyethylene glycol and chondroitin sulfate can induce zonal-specific responses of chondrocytes, resulting in zonal cartilage formation that mimics native tissues. While the role of cell-matrix interactions has been studied extensively, how cell-cell interactions across different zones influence cartilage zonal development remains unknown. The goal of this study is to harness gradient hydrogels as a tool to elucidate the role of cell-cell interactions in driving cartilage zonal development. When encapsulated in intact gradient hydrogels, chondrocytes exhibited strong zonal-specific responses that mimic native cartilage zonal organization. However, the separate culture of each zone of gradient hydrogels resulted in a significant decrease in cell proliferation and cartilage matrix deposition across all zones, while the trend of zonal dependence remains. Unexpectedly, mixing the coculture of all five zones of hydrogels in the same culture well largely abolished the zonal differences, with all zones behaving similarly to the softest zone. These results suggest that paracrine signal exchange among cells in different zones is essential in driving cartilage zonal development, and a spatial organization of zones is required for proper tissue zonal development. Intact, separate, or coculture groups resulted in distinct gene expression patterns in mechanosensing and cartilage-specific markers, suggesting that cell-cell interactions can also modulate mechanosensing. We further showed that 7 days of priming in intact gradient culture was sufficient to instruct the cells to complete the zonal development, and the separate or mixed coculture after 7 days of intact culture had minimal effects on cartilage formation. This study highlights the important role of cell-cell interactions in driving cartilage zonal development and validates gradient hydrogels as a useful tool to elucidate the role of cell-matrix and cell-cell interactions in driving zonal development during tissue morphogenesis and regeneration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Danqing Zhu
- Department of Bioengineering, Stanford University, Palo Alto, California 94305, United States
| | - Pavin Trinh
- Department of Bioengineering, Stanford University, Palo Alto, California 94305, United States
| | - Elisa Liu
- Department of Bioengineering, Stanford University, Palo Alto, California 94305, United States
| | - Fan Yang
- Department of Bioengineering, Stanford University, Palo Alto, California 94305, United States.,Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Stanford University, Palo Alto, California 94305, United States
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6
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Kahle ER, Patel N, Sreenivasappa HB, Marcolongo MS, Han L. Targeting cell-matrix interface mechanobiology by integrating AFM with fluorescence microscopy. PROGRESS IN BIOPHYSICS AND MOLECULAR BIOLOGY 2022; 176:67-81. [PMID: 36055517 PMCID: PMC9691605 DOI: 10.1016/j.pbiomolbio.2022.08.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/08/2022] [Revised: 08/14/2022] [Accepted: 08/18/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Mechanosensing at the interface of a cell and its surrounding microenvironment is an essential driving force of physiological processes. Understanding molecular activities at the cell-matrix interface has the potential to provide novel targets for improving tissue regeneration and early disease intervention. In the past few decades, the advancement of atomic force microscopy (AFM) has offered a unique platform for probing mechanobiology at this crucial microdomain. In this review, we describe key advances under this topic through the use of an integrated system of AFM (as a biomechanical testing tool) with complementary immunofluorescence (IF) imaging (as an in situ navigation system). We first describe the body of work investigating the micromechanics of the pericellular matrix (PCM), the immediate cell micro-niche, in healthy, diseased, and genetically modified tissues, with a focus on articular cartilage. We then summarize the key findings in understanding cellular biomechanics and mechanotransduction, in which, molecular mechanisms governing transmembrane ion channel-mediated mechanosensing, cytoskeleton remodeling, and nucleus remodeling have been studied in various cell and tissue types. Lastly, we provide an overview of major technical advances that have enabled more in-depth studies of mechanobiology, including the integration of AFM with a side-view microscope, multiple optomicroscopy, a fluorescence recovery after photobleaching (FRAP) module, and a tensile stretching device. The innovations described here have contributed greatly to advancing the fundamental knowledge of extracellular matrix biomechanics and cell mechanobiology for improved understanding, detection, and intervention of various diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elizabeth R Kahle
- School of Biomedical Engineering, Science and Health Systems, Drexel University, Philadelphia, PA 19104, United States
| | - Neil Patel
- School of Biomedical Engineering, Science and Health Systems, Drexel University, Philadelphia, PA 19104, United States
| | - Harini B Sreenivasappa
- Cell Imaging Center, Office of Research and Innovation, Drexel University, PA 19104, United States
| | - Michele S Marcolongo
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Villanova University, Villanova, PA 19085, United States
| | - Lin Han
- School of Biomedical Engineering, Science and Health Systems, Drexel University, Philadelphia, PA 19104, United States.
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7
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Sungkhaphan P, Risangud N, Hankamolsiri W, Sonthithai P, Janvikul W. Pluronic-F127 and Click chemistry-based injectable biodegradable hydrogels with controlled mechanical properties for cell encapsulation. REACT FUNCT POLYM 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.reactfunctpolym.2022.105439] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
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8
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Luo M, Chen M, Bai J, Chen T, He S, Peng W, Wang J, Zhi W, Weng J. A bionic composite hydrogel with dual regulatory functions for the osteochondral repair. Colloids Surf B Biointerfaces 2022; 219:112821. [PMID: 36108368 DOI: 10.1016/j.colsurfb.2022.112821] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2022] [Revised: 08/18/2022] [Accepted: 08/30/2022] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Due to the avascular nature of cartilage, it is difficult to heal and regenerate spontaneously after injury. At present, tissue engineering has become a promising strategy for repairing damaged cartilage, but the use of seed cells and growth factors is limited. In addition, the importance of mechanical compatibility of scaffold materials is often ignored. In this study, osteochondral scaffold was designed as a bilayer structure with a dense γ-Polyglutamic acid/carboxymethyl chitosan/bacterial cellulose (PGA/CMCS/BC) hydrogel cartilage layer and a porous nano HA-containing PGA/CMCS/BC hydrogel osteogenic layer. In addition, bioactive ions were introduced into the hydrogel scaffold to adjust the mechanical and swelling properties of the material to match the mechanical properties of natural articular cartilage. At the same time, based on the structural characteristics of bone and cartilage, magnesium and copper ions were introduced into the double-layer hydrogel scaffold, respectively, to prepare the cartilage layer and the bone layer, which endowed the material with excellent antibacterial properties and achieved the purpose of the integrated repair of bone and cartilage. The results showed that, after adding magnesium ions, the tensile breaking strength of material was increased from 0.66 MPa to 1.37 MPa,the corresponding compression modulus of the material (strain 0-12%) increased from 0.15 MPa to 0.58 MPa whilst the maximum mass swelling rate decreased from 155% to 75%. The results of in vivo experiments show that the group with bioactive ions had a much better effect on the repair of osteochondral defects, compared with group without bioactive ions, demonstrating such double ion regulation strategy is a very practical strategy for the treatment of osteochondral defects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Minyue Luo
- Laboratory of Advanced Technologies of Materials, Ministry of Education, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Southwest Jiaotong University, Chengdu 610031, China
| | - Mingxia Chen
- Laboratory of Advanced Technologies of Materials, Ministry of Education, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Southwest Jiaotong University, Chengdu 610031, China
| | - Jiafan Bai
- Laboratory of Advanced Technologies of Materials, Ministry of Education, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Southwest Jiaotong University, Chengdu 610031, China
| | - Taijun Chen
- Laboratory of Advanced Technologies of Materials, Ministry of Education, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Southwest Jiaotong University, Chengdu 610031, China
| | - Siyuan He
- Laboratory of Advanced Technologies of Materials, Ministry of Education, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Southwest Jiaotong University, Chengdu 610031, China
| | - Wenzhen Peng
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, College of Basic and Forensic Medicine, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Jianxin Wang
- Laboratory of Advanced Technologies of Materials, Ministry of Education, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Southwest Jiaotong University, Chengdu 610031, China.
| | - Wei Zhi
- Laboratory of Advanced Technologies of Materials, Ministry of Education, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Southwest Jiaotong University, Chengdu 610031, China
| | - Jie Weng
- Laboratory of Advanced Technologies of Materials, Ministry of Education, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Southwest Jiaotong University, Chengdu 610031, China
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9
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Biomaterial composition and stiffness as decisive properties of 3D bioprinted constructs for type II collagen stimulation. Acta Biomater 2022; 152:221-234. [DOI: 10.1016/j.actbio.2022.08.058] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/03/2022] [Revised: 08/02/2022] [Accepted: 08/24/2022] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
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10
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Patiño Vargas MI, Martinez-Garcia FD, Offens F, Becerra NY, Restrepo LM, van der Mei HC, Harmsen MC, van Kooten TG, Sharma PK. Viscoelastic properties of plasma-agarose hydrogels dictate favorable fibroblast responses for skin tissue engineering applications. BIOMATERIALS ADVANCES 2022; 139:212967. [PMID: 35882126 DOI: 10.1016/j.bioadv.2022.212967] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/10/2022] [Revised: 05/26/2022] [Accepted: 05/31/2022] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Dermal wound healing relies on the properties of the extracellular matrix (ECM). Thus, hydrogels that replicate skin ECM have reached clinical application. After a dermal injury, a transient, biodegradable fibrin clot is instrumental in wound healing. Human plasma, and its main constituent, fibrin would make a suitable biomaterial for improving wound healing and processed as hydrogels albeit with limited mechanical strength. To overcome this, plasma-agarose (PA) composite hydrogels have been developed and used to prepare diverse bioengineered tissues. To date, little is known about the influence of variable agarose concentrations on the viscoelastic properties of PA hydrogels and their correlation to cell biology. This study reports the characterization of the viscoelastic properties of different concentrations of agarose in PA hydrogels: 0 %, 0.5 %, 1 %, 1.5 %, and 2 % (w/v), and their influence on the cell number and mitochondrial activity of human dermal fibroblasts. Results show that agarose addition increased the stiffness, relaxation time constants 1 (τ1) and 2 (τ2), and fiber diameter, whereas the porosity decreased. Changes in cell metabolism occurred at the early stages of culturing and correlated to the displacement of fast (τ1) and intermediate (τ2) Maxwell elements. Fibroblasts seeded in low PA concentrations spread faster during 14 d than cells cultured in higher agarose concentrations. Collectively, these results confirm that PA viscoelasticity and hydrogel architecture strongly influenced cell behavior. Therefore, viscoelasticity is a key parameter in the design of PA-based implants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria Isabel Patiño Vargas
- University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Department of Biomedical Engineering, Groningen, the Netherlands; Tissue Engineering and Cell Therapy Group, Faculty of Medicine, University of Antioquia, Medellín, Colombia
| | - Francisco Drusso Martinez-Garcia
- University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Department of Pathology and Medical Biology, Groningen, the Netherlands
| | - Freya Offens
- University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Department of Biomedical Engineering, Groningen, the Netherlands
| | - Natalia Y Becerra
- Tissue Engineering and Cell Therapy Group, Faculty of Medicine, University of Antioquia, Medellín, Colombia
| | - Luz M Restrepo
- Tissue Engineering and Cell Therapy Group, Faculty of Medicine, University of Antioquia, Medellín, Colombia
| | - Henny C van der Mei
- University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Department of Biomedical Engineering, Groningen, the Netherlands
| | - Martin C Harmsen
- University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Department of Pathology and Medical Biology, Groningen, the Netherlands
| | - Theo G van Kooten
- University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Department of Biomedical Engineering, Groningen, the Netherlands
| | - Prashant K Sharma
- University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Department of Biomedical Engineering, Groningen, the Netherlands.
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11
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Kahle ER, Han B, Chandrasekaran P, Phillips ER, Mulcahey MK, Lu XL, Marcolongo MS, Han L. Molecular Engineering of Pericellular Microniche via Biomimetic Proteoglycans Modulates Cell Mechanobiology. ACS NANO 2022; 16:1220-1230. [PMID: 35015500 PMCID: PMC9271520 DOI: 10.1021/acsnano.1c09015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
Molecular engineering of biological tissues using synthetic mimics of native matrix molecules can modulate the mechanical properties of the cellular microenvironment through physical interactions with existing matrix molecules, and in turn, mediate the corresponding cell mechanobiology. In articular cartilage, the pericellular matrix (PCM) is the immediate microniche that regulates cell fate, signaling, and metabolism. The negatively charged osmo-environment, as endowed by PCM proteoglycans, is a key biophysical cue for cell mechanosensing. This study demonstrated that biomimetic proteoglycans (BPGs), which mimic the ultrastructure and polyanionic nature of native proteoglycans, can be used to molecularly engineer PCM micromechanics and cell mechanotransduction in cartilage. Upon infiltration into bovine cartilage explant, we showed that localization of BPGs in the PCM leads to increased PCM micromodulus and enhanced chondrocyte intracellular calcium signaling. Applying molecular force spectroscopy, we revealed that BPGs integrate with native PCM through augmenting the molecular adhesion of aggrecan, the major PCM proteoglycan, at the nanoscale. These interactions are enabled by the biomimetic "bottle-brush" ultrastructure of BPGs and facilitate the integration of BPGs within the PCM. Thus, this class of biomimetic molecules can be used for modulating molecular interactions of pericellular proteoglycans and harnessing cell mechanosensing. Because the PCM is a prevalent feature of various cell types, BPGs hold promising potential for improving regeneration and disease modification for not only cartilage-related healthcare but many other tissues and diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elizabeth R. Kahle
- School of Biomedical Engineering, Science and Health Systems, Drexel University, Philadelphia, PA 19104, United States
| | - Biao Han
- School of Biomedical Engineering, Science and Health Systems, Drexel University, Philadelphia, PA 19104, United States
| | - Prashant Chandrasekaran
- School of Biomedical Engineering, Science and Health Systems, Drexel University, Philadelphia, PA 19104, United States
| | - Evan R. Phillips
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Drexel University, Philadelphia, PA 19104, United States
| | - Mary K. Mulcahey
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Tulane University School of Medicine, New Orleans, LA 70112, United States
| | - X. Lucas Lu
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of Delaware, Newark, DE 19716, United States
| | - Michele S. Marcolongo
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Drexel University, Philadelphia, PA 19104, United States
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Villanova University, Villanova, PA 19085, United States
| | - Lin Han
- School of Biomedical Engineering, Science and Health Systems, Drexel University, Philadelphia, PA 19104, United States
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12
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Li J, Shao J, Zeng Z, He Y, Tang C, Park SH, Lee JH, Liu R. Mechanosensitive turnover of phosphoribosyl pyrophosphate synthetases regulates nucleotide metabolism. Cell Death Differ 2022; 29:206-217. [PMID: 34465890 PMCID: PMC8738752 DOI: 10.1038/s41418-021-00851-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/17/2020] [Revised: 08/02/2021] [Accepted: 08/05/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Cells coordinate their behaviors with the mechanical properties of the extracellular matrix (ECM). Tumor cells frequently harbor an enhanced nucleotide synthesis, presumably to meet the increased demands for rapid proliferation. Nevertheless, how ECM rigidity regulates nucleotide metabolism remains elusive. Here we show that shift from stiff to soft matrix blunts glycolysis-derived nucleotide synthesis in tumor cells. Soft ECM results in TNF receptor-associated factor 2 (TRAF2)-dependent K29 ubiquitination and degradation of phosphoribosyl pyrophosphate synthetase (PRPS)1/2. Recruitment of TRAF2 to PRPS1/2 requires phosphorylation of PRPS1 S285 or PRPS2 T285, which is mediated by low stiffness-activated large tumor suppressor (LATS)1/2 kinases. Further, non-phosphoryable or non-ubiquitinatable PRPS1/2 mutations maintain PRPS1/2 expression and nucleotide synthesis at low stiffness, and promote tumor growth and metastasis. Our findings demonstrate that PRPS1/2 stability and nucleotide metabolism is ECM rigidity-sensitive, and thereby highlight a regulatory cascade underlying mechanics-guided tumor metabolism reprogramming.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jingyi Li
- grid.464276.50000 0001 0381 3718The Second Affiliated Hospital of Chengdu Medical College, China National Nuclear Corporation 416 Hospital, Chengdu, China ,grid.413856.d0000 0004 1799 3643School of Biological Sciences and Technology, Chengdu Medical College, Chengdu, China
| | - Jichun Shao
- grid.464276.50000 0001 0381 3718The Second Affiliated Hospital of Chengdu Medical College, China National Nuclear Corporation 416 Hospital, Chengdu, China
| | - Zhijun Zeng
- grid.464276.50000 0001 0381 3718The Second Affiliated Hospital of Chengdu Medical College, China National Nuclear Corporation 416 Hospital, Chengdu, China
| | - Yumin He
- grid.13291.380000 0001 0807 1581State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences Research Unit of Oral Carcinogenesis and Management, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Can Tang
- grid.413856.d0000 0004 1799 3643School of Biological Sciences and Technology, Chengdu Medical College, Chengdu, China
| | - Su Hwan Park
- grid.255166.30000 0001 2218 7142Department of Health Sciences, The Graduate School of Dong-A University, Busan, Republic of Korea
| | - Jong-Ho Lee
- grid.255166.30000 0001 2218 7142Department of Health Sciences, The Graduate School of Dong-A University, Busan, Republic of Korea ,grid.255166.30000 0001 2218 7142Department of Biological Sciences, Dong-A University, Busan, Republic of Korea
| | - Rui Liu
- grid.13291.380000 0001 0807 1581State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences Research Unit of Oral Carcinogenesis and Management, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
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13
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Roncada T, Bonithon R, Blunn G, Roldo M. Soft substrates direct stem cell differentiation into the chondrogenic lineage without the use of growth factors. J Tissue Eng 2022; 13:20417314221122121. [PMID: 36199979 PMCID: PMC9528007 DOI: 10.1177/20417314221122121] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/06/2022] [Accepted: 08/03/2022] [Indexed: 12/03/2022] Open
Abstract
Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) hold great promise for the treatment of cartilage related injuries. However, selectively promoting stem cell differentiation in vivo is still challenging. Chondrogenic differentiation of MSCs usually requires the use of growth factors that lead to the overexpression of hypertrophic markers. In this study, for the first time the effect of stiffness on MSC differentiation has been tested without the use of growth factors. Three-dimensional collagen and alginate scaffolds were developed and characterised. Stiffness significantly affected gene expression and ECM deposition. While, all hydrogels supported chondrogenic differentiation and allowed deposition of collagen type II and aggrecan, the 5.75 kPa hydrogel showed limited production of collagen type I compared to the other two formulations. These findings demonstrated for the first time that stiffness can guide MSCs differentiation without the use of growth factors within a tissue engineering scaffold suitable for the treatment of cartilage defects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tosca Roncada
- School of Pharmacy and Biomedical Sciences, University of Portsmouth, Portsmouth, UK
| | - Roxane Bonithon
- School of Mechanical and Design Engineering, University of Portsmouth, Portsmouth, UK
| | - Gordon Blunn
- School of Pharmacy and Biomedical Sciences, University of Portsmouth, Portsmouth, UK
| | - Marta Roldo
- School of Pharmacy and Biomedical Sciences, University of Portsmouth, Portsmouth, UK
- Marta Roldo, School of Pharmacy and Biomedical Sciences, University of Portsmouth, White Swan Road, Portsmouth, PO1 2DT, UK.
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14
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Shestovskaya MV, Bozhkova SA, Sopova JV, Khotin MG, Bozhokin MS. Methods of Modification of Mesenchymal Stem Cells and Conditions of Their Culturing for Hyaline Cartilage Tissue Engineering. Biomedicines 2021; 9:biomedicines9111666. [PMID: 34829895 PMCID: PMC8615732 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines9111666] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/01/2021] [Revised: 11/04/2021] [Accepted: 11/05/2021] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
The use of mesenchymal stromal cells (MSCs) for tissue engineering of hyaline cartilage is a topical area of regenerative medicine that has already entered clinical practice. The key stage of this procedure is to create conditions for chondrogenic differentiation of MSCs, increase the synthesis of hyaline cartilage extracellular matrix proteins by these cells and activate their proliferation. The first such works consisted in the indirect modification of cells, namely, in changing the conditions in which they are located, including microfracturing of the subchondral bone and the use of 3D biodegradable scaffolds. The most effective methods for modifying the cell culture of MSCs are protein and physical, which have already been partially introduced into clinical practice. Genetic methods for modifying MSCs, despite their effectiveness, have significant limitations. Techniques have not yet been developed that allow studying the effectiveness of their application even in limited groups of patients. The use of MSC modification methods allows precise regulation of cell culture proliferation, and in combination with the use of a 3D biodegradable scaffold, it allows obtaining a hyaline-like regenerate in the damaged area. This review is devoted to the consideration and comparison of various methods used to modify the cell culture of MSCs for their use in regenerative medicine of cartilage tissue.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria V. Shestovskaya
- Institute of Cytology of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Tikhoretsky Ave. 4, 194064 St. Petersburg, Russia; (M.V.S.); (J.V.S.); (M.G.K.)
| | - Svetlana A. Bozhkova
- Vreden National Medical Research Center of Traumatology and Orthopedics, Academica Baykova Str., 8, 195427 St. Petersburg, Russia;
| | - Julia V. Sopova
- Institute of Cytology of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Tikhoretsky Ave. 4, 194064 St. Petersburg, Russia; (M.V.S.); (J.V.S.); (M.G.K.)
- Center of Transgenesis and Genome Editing, St. Petersburg State University, Universitetskaja Emb., 7/9, 199034 St. Petersburg, Russia
| | - Mikhail G. Khotin
- Institute of Cytology of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Tikhoretsky Ave. 4, 194064 St. Petersburg, Russia; (M.V.S.); (J.V.S.); (M.G.K.)
| | - Mikhail S. Bozhokin
- Institute of Cytology of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Tikhoretsky Ave. 4, 194064 St. Petersburg, Russia; (M.V.S.); (J.V.S.); (M.G.K.)
- Vreden National Medical Research Center of Traumatology and Orthopedics, Academica Baykova Str., 8, 195427 St. Petersburg, Russia;
- Correspondence:
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15
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Xu Q, Torres JE, Hakim M, Babiak PM, Pal P, Battistoni CM, Nguyen M, Panitch A, Solorio L, Liu JC. Collagen- and hyaluronic acid-based hydrogels and their biomedical applications. MATERIALS SCIENCE & ENGINEERING. R, REPORTS : A REVIEW JOURNAL 2021; 146:100641. [PMID: 34483486 PMCID: PMC8409465 DOI: 10.1016/j.mser.2021.100641] [Citation(s) in RCA: 86] [Impact Index Per Article: 28.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/04/2023]
Abstract
Hydrogels have been widely investigated in biomedical fields due to their similar physical and biochemical properties to the extracellular matrix (ECM). Collagen and hyaluronic acid (HA) are the main components of the ECM in many tissues. As a result, hydrogels prepared from collagen and HA hold inherent advantages in mimicking the structure and function of the native ECM. Numerous studies have focused on the development of collagen and HA hydrogels and their biomedical applications. In this extensive review, we provide a summary and analysis of the sources, features, and modifications of collagen and HA. Specifically, we highlight the fabrication, properties, and potential biomedical applications as well as promising commercialization of hydrogels based on these two natural polymers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qinghua Xu
- Davidson School of Chemical Engineering, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, United States
| | - Jessica E Torres
- Davidson School of Chemical Engineering, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, United States
| | - Mazin Hakim
- Weldon School of Biomedical Engineering, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, USA
| | - Paulina M Babiak
- Davidson School of Chemical Engineering, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, United States
| | - Pallabi Pal
- Davidson School of Chemical Engineering, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, United States
| | - Carly M Battistoni
- Davidson School of Chemical Engineering, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, United States
| | - Michael Nguyen
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of California Davis, Davis, California 95616, United States
| | - Alyssa Panitch
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of California Davis, Davis, California 95616, United States
| | - Luis Solorio
- Weldon School of Biomedical Engineering, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, USA
| | - Julie C Liu
- Davidson School of Chemical Engineering, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, United States
- Weldon School of Biomedical Engineering, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, USA
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16
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Rajabi N, Rezaei A, Kharaziha M, Bakhsheshi-Rad HR, Luo H, RamaKrishna S, Berto F. Recent Advances on Bioprinted Gelatin Methacrylate-Based Hydrogels for Tissue Repair. Tissue Eng Part A 2021; 27:679-702. [PMID: 33499750 DOI: 10.1089/ten.tea.2020.0350] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Bioprinting of body tissues has gained great attention in recent years due to its unique advantages, including the creation of complex geometries and printing the patient-specific tissues with various drug and cell types. The most momentous part of the bioprinting process is bioink, defined as a mixture of living cells and biomaterials (especially hydrogels). Among different biomaterials, natural polymers are the best choices for hydrogel-based bioinks due to their intrinsic biocompatibility and minimal inflammatory response in body condition. Gelatin methacryloyl (GelMA) hydrogel is one of the high-potential hydrogel-based bioinks due to its easy synthesis with low cost, great biocompatibility, transparent structure that is useful for cell monitoring, photocrosslinkability, and cell viability. Furthermore, the potential of adjusting properties of GelMA due to the synthesis protocol makes it a suitable choice for soft or hard tissues. In this review, different methods for the bioprinting of GelMA-based bioinks, as well as various effective process parameters, are reviewed. Also, several solutions for challenges in the printing of GelMA-based bioinks are discussed, and applications of GelMA-based bioprinted tissues argued as well. Impact statement Bioprinting has been demonstrated as a promising and alternative approach for organ transplantation to develop various types of living tissue. Bioinks, with great biological characteristics similar to the host tissues and rheological/flow features, are the first requirements for the successful bioprinting approach. Gelatin methacryloyl (GelMA) hydrogel is one of the high-potential hydrogel-based bioinks. This review provides a comprehensive look at different methods for the bioprinting of GelMA-based bioinks and applications of GelMA-based bioprinted tissues for tissue repair.
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Affiliation(s)
- Negar Rajabi
- Department of Materials Engineering, Isfahan University of Technology, Isfahan, Iran
| | - Ali Rezaei
- Department of Materials Engineering, Isfahan University of Technology, Isfahan, Iran
| | - Mahshid Kharaziha
- Department of Materials Engineering, Isfahan University of Technology, Isfahan, Iran
| | - Hamid Reza Bakhsheshi-Rad
- Advanced Materials Research Center, Department of Materials Engineering, Najafabad Branch, Islamic Azad University, Najafabad, Iran
| | - Hongrong Luo
- National Research Center for Biomaterials, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Seeram RamaKrishna
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, National University of Singapore, Singapore
| | - Filippo Berto
- Department of Mechanical and Industrial Engineering, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Trondheim, Norway
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17
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Wang C, Sinha S, Jiang X, Murphy L, Fitch S, Wilson C, Grant G, Yang F. Matrix Stiffness Modulates Patient-Derived Glioblastoma Cell Fates in Three-Dimensional Hydrogels. Tissue Eng Part A 2021; 27:390-401. [PMID: 32731804 PMCID: PMC7984937 DOI: 10.1089/ten.tea.2020.0110] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2020] [Accepted: 07/17/2020] [Indexed: 01/13/2023] Open
Abstract
Cancer progression is known to be accompanied by changes in tissue stiffness. Previous studies have primarily employed immortalized cell lines and 2D hydrogel substrates, which do not recapitulate the 3D tumor niche. How matrix stiffness affects patient-derived cancer cell fate in 3D remains unclear. In this study, we report a matrix metalloproteinase-degradable poly(ethylene-glycol)-based hydrogel platform with brain-mimicking biochemical cues and tunable stiffness (40-26,600 Pa) for 3D culture of patient-derived glioblastoma xenograft (PDTX GBM) cells. Our results demonstrate that decreasing hydrogel stiffness enhanced PDTX GBM cell proliferation, and hydrogels with stiffness 240 Pa and below supported robust PDTX GBM cell spreading in 3D. PDTX GBM cells encapsulated in hydrogels demonstrated higher drug resistance than 2D control, and increasing hydrogel stiffness further enhanced drug resistance. Such 3D hydrogel platforms may provide a valuable tool for mechanistic studies of the role of niche cues in modulating cancer progression for different cancer types.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christine Wang
- Department of Bioengineering, Schools of Engineering and Medicine, Stanford University, Stanford, California, USA
| | - Sauradeep Sinha
- Department of Bioengineering, Schools of Engineering and Medicine, Stanford University, Stanford, California, USA
| | - Xinyi Jiang
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Stanford University, Stanford, California, USA
| | - Luke Murphy
- Department of Bioengineering, Schools of Engineering and Medicine, Stanford University, Stanford, California, USA
| | - Sergio Fitch
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Stanford University, Stanford, California, USA
| | - Christy Wilson
- Department of Neurosurgery, Stanford University, School of Medicine, Stanford, California, USA
| | - Gerald Grant
- Department of Neurosurgery, Stanford University, School of Medicine, Stanford, California, USA
| | - Fan Yang
- Department of Bioengineering, Schools of Engineering and Medicine, Stanford University, Stanford, California, USA
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Stanford University, Stanford, California, USA
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18
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Walker M, Luo J, Pringle EW, Cantini M. ChondroGELesis: Hydrogels to harness the chondrogenic potential of stem cells. MATERIALS SCIENCE & ENGINEERING. C, MATERIALS FOR BIOLOGICAL APPLICATIONS 2021; 121:111822. [PMID: 33579465 DOI: 10.1016/j.msec.2020.111822] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/16/2020] [Revised: 12/14/2020] [Accepted: 12/16/2020] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
The extracellular matrix is a highly complex microenvironment, whose various components converge to regulate cell fate. Hydrogels, as water-swollen polymer networks composed by synthetic or natural materials, are ideal candidates to create biologically active substrates that mimic these matrices and target cell behaviour for a desired tissue engineering application. Indeed, the ability to tune their mechanical, structural, and biochemical properties provides a framework to recapitulate native tissues. This review explores how hydrogels have been engineered to harness the chondrogenic response of stem cells for the repair of damaged cartilage tissue. The signalling processes involved in hydrogel-driven chondrogenesis are also discussed, identifying critical pathways that should be taken into account during hydrogel design.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matthew Walker
- Centre for the Cellular Microenvironment, James Watt School of Engineering, University of Glasgow, UK
| | - Jiajun Luo
- Centre for the Cellular Microenvironment, James Watt School of Engineering, University of Glasgow, UK
| | - Eonan William Pringle
- Centre for the Cellular Microenvironment, James Watt School of Engineering, University of Glasgow, UK
| | - Marco Cantini
- Centre for the Cellular Microenvironment, James Watt School of Engineering, University of Glasgow, UK.
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19
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Wang S, Hashemi S, Stratton S, Arinzeh TL. The Effect of Physical Cues of Biomaterial Scaffolds on Stem Cell Behavior. Adv Healthc Mater 2021; 10:e2001244. [PMID: 33274860 DOI: 10.1002/adhm.202001244] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/15/2020] [Revised: 10/09/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Stem cells have been sought as a promising cell source in the tissue engineering field due to their proliferative capacity as well as differentiation potential. Biomaterials have been utilized to facilitate the delivery of stem cells in order to improve their engraftment and long-term viability upon implantation. Biomaterials also have been developed as scaffolds to promote stem cell induced tissue regeneration. This review focuses on the latter where the biomaterial scaffold is designed to provide physical cues to stem cells in order to promote their behavior for tissue formation. Recent work that explores the effect of scaffold physical properties, topography, mechanical properties and electrical properties, is discussed. Although still being elucidated, the biological mechanisms, including cell shape, focal adhesion distribution, and nuclear shape, are presented. This review also discusses emerging areas and challenges in clinical translation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuo Wang
- Department of Biomedical Engineering New Jersey Institute of Technology Newark NJ 07102 USA
| | - Sharareh Hashemi
- Department of Biomedical Engineering New Jersey Institute of Technology Newark NJ 07102 USA
| | - Scott Stratton
- Department of Biomedical Engineering New Jersey Institute of Technology Newark NJ 07102 USA
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20
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Davis S, Roldo M, Blunn G, Tozzi G, Roncada T. Influence of the Mechanical Environment on the Regeneration of Osteochondral Defects. Front Bioeng Biotechnol 2021; 9:603408. [PMID: 33585430 PMCID: PMC7873466 DOI: 10.3389/fbioe.2021.603408] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/06/2020] [Accepted: 01/04/2021] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Articular cartilage is a highly specialised connective tissue of diarthrodial joints which provides a smooth, lubricated surface for joint articulation and plays a crucial role in the transmission of loads. In vivo cartilage is subjected to mechanical stimuli that are essential for cartilage development and the maintenance of a chondrocytic phenotype. Cartilage damage caused by traumatic injuries, ageing, or degradative diseases leads to impaired loading resistance and progressive degeneration of both the articular cartilage and the underlying subchondral bone. Since the tissue has limited self-repairing capacity due its avascular nature, restoration of its mechanical properties is still a major challenge. Tissue engineering techniques have the potential to heal osteochondral defects using a combination of stem cells, growth factors, and biomaterials that could produce a biomechanically functional tissue, representative of native hyaline cartilage. However, current clinical approaches fail to repair full-thickness defects that include the underlying subchondral bone. Moreover, when tested in vivo, current tissue-engineered grafts show limited capacity to regenerate the damaged tissue due to poor integration with host cartilage and the failure to retain structural integrity after insertion, resulting in reduced mechanical function. The aim of this review is to examine the optimal characteristics of osteochondral scaffolds. Additionally, an overview on the latest biomaterials potentially able to replicate the natural mechanical environment of articular cartilage and their role in maintaining mechanical cues to drive chondrogenesis will be detailed, as well as the overall mechanical performance of grafts engineered using different technologies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sarah Davis
- School of Pharmacy and Biomedical Sciences, University of Portsmouth, Portsmouth, United Kingdom
| | - Marta Roldo
- School of Pharmacy and Biomedical Sciences, University of Portsmouth, Portsmouth, United Kingdom
| | - Gordon Blunn
- School of Pharmacy and Biomedical Sciences, University of Portsmouth, Portsmouth, United Kingdom
| | - Gianluca Tozzi
- Zeiss Global Centre, School of Mechanical and Design Engineering, University of Portsmouth, Portsmouth, United Kingdom
| | - Tosca Roncada
- School of Pharmacy and Biomedical Sciences, University of Portsmouth, Portsmouth, United Kingdom
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21
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Hyaluronic acid and chondroitin sulfate (meth)acrylate-based hydrogels for tissue engineering: Synthesis, characteristics and pre-clinical evaluation. Biomaterials 2020; 268:120602. [PMID: 33360302 DOI: 10.1016/j.biomaterials.2020.120602] [Citation(s) in RCA: 88] [Impact Index Per Article: 22.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/15/2020] [Revised: 12/09/2020] [Accepted: 12/10/2020] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Hydrogels based on photocrosslinkable Hyaluronic Acid Methacrylate (HAMA) and Chondroitin Sulfate Methacrylate (CSMA) are presently under investigation for tissue engineering applications. HAMA and CSMA gels offer tunable characteristics such as tailorable mechanical properties, swelling characteristics, and enzymatic degradability. This review gives an overview of the scientific literature published regarding the pre-clinical development of covalently crosslinked hydrogels that (partially) are based on HAMA and/or CSMA. Throughout the review, recommendations for the next steps in clinical translation of hydrogels based on HAMA or CSMA are made and potential pitfalls are defined. Specifically, a myriad of different synthetic routes to obtain polymerizable hyaluronic acid and chondroitin sulfate derivatives are described. The effects of important parameters such as degree of (meth)acrylation and molecular weight of the synthesized polymers on the formed hydrogels are discussed and useful analytical techniques for their characterization are summarized. Furthermore, the characteristics of the formed hydrogels including their enzymatic degradability are discussed. Finally, a summary of several recent applications of these hydrogels in applied fields such as cartilage and cardiac regeneration and advanced tissue modelling is presented.
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22
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Chery DR, Han B, Zhou Y, Wang C, Adams SM, Chandrasekaran P, Kwok B, Heo SJ, Enomoto-Iwamoto M, Lu XL, Kong D, Iozzo RV, Birk DE, Mauck RL, Han L. Decorin regulates cartilage pericellular matrix micromechanobiology. Matrix Biol 2020; 96:1-17. [PMID: 33246102 DOI: 10.1016/j.matbio.2020.11.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/02/2020] [Revised: 11/17/2020] [Accepted: 11/17/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
In cartilage tissue engineering, one key challenge is for regenerative tissue to recapitulate the biomechanical functions of native cartilage while maintaining normal mechanosensitive activities of chondrocytes. Thus, it is imperative to discern the micromechanobiological functions of the pericellular matrix, the ~ 2-4 µm-thick domain that is in immediate contact with chondrocytes. In this study, we discovered that decorin, a small leucine-rich proteoglycan, is a key determinant of cartilage pericellular matrix micromechanics and chondrocyte mechanotransduction in vivo. The pericellular matrix of decorin-null murine cartilage developed reduced content of aggrecan, the major chondroitin sulfate proteoglycan of cartilage and a mild increase in collagen II fibril diameter vis-à-vis wild-type controls. As a result, decorin-null pericellular matrix showed a significant reduction in micromodulus, which became progressively more pronounced with maturation. In alignment with the defects of pericellular matrix, decorin-null chondrocytes exhibited decreased intracellular calcium activities, [Ca2+]i, in both physiologic and osmotically evoked fluidic environments in situ, illustrating impaired chondrocyte mechanotransduction. Next, we compared [Ca2+]i activities of wild-type and decorin-null chondrocytes following enzymatic removal of chondroitin sulfate glycosaminoglycans. The results showed that decorin mediates chondrocyte mechanotransduction primarily through regulating the integrity of aggrecan network, and thus, aggrecan-endowed negative charge microenvironment in the pericellular matrix. Collectively, our results provide robust genetic and biomechanical evidence that decorin is an essential constituent of the native cartilage matrix, and suggest that modulating decorin activities could improve cartilage regeneration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daphney R Chery
- School of Biomedical Engineering, Science and Health Systems, Drexel University, Philadelphia, PA 19104, United States
| | - Biao Han
- School of Biomedical Engineering, Science and Health Systems, Drexel University, Philadelphia, PA 19104, United States
| | - Ying Zhou
- Department of Statistical Sciences, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON M5S 3G3, Canada
| | - Chao Wang
- School of Biomedical Engineering, Science and Health Systems, Drexel University, Philadelphia, PA 19104, United States
| | - Sheila M Adams
- Department of Molecular Pharmacology and Physiology, Morsani School of Medicine, University of South Florida, Tampa, FL 33612, United States
| | - Prashant Chandrasekaran
- School of Biomedical Engineering, Science and Health Systems, Drexel University, Philadelphia, PA 19104, United States
| | - Bryan Kwok
- School of Biomedical Engineering, Science and Health Systems, Drexel University, Philadelphia, PA 19104, United States
| | - Su-Jin Heo
- McKay Orthopaedic Research Laboratory, Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, United States; Translational Musculoskeletal Research Center, Corporal Michael J. Crescenz Veterans Administration Medical Center, Philadelphia, PA 19104, United States
| | - Motomi Enomoto-Iwamoto
- Department of Orthopaedics, School of Medicine, University of Maryland, Baltimore, MD 21201, United States
| | - X Lucas Lu
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of Delaware, Newark, DE 19716, United States
| | - Dehan Kong
- Department of Statistical Sciences, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON M5S 3G3, Canada
| | - Renato V Iozzo
- Department of Pathology, Anatomy, and Cell Biology, Sidney Kimmel Medical College, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, PA 19107, United States
| | - David E Birk
- Department of Molecular Pharmacology and Physiology, Morsani School of Medicine, University of South Florida, Tampa, FL 33612, United States
| | - Robert L Mauck
- McKay Orthopaedic Research Laboratory, Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, United States; Translational Musculoskeletal Research Center, Corporal Michael J. Crescenz Veterans Administration Medical Center, Philadelphia, PA 19104, United States
| | - Lin Han
- School of Biomedical Engineering, Science and Health Systems, Drexel University, Philadelphia, PA 19104, United States.
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23
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Liu E, Zhu D, Gonzalez Diaz E, Tong X, Yang F. Gradient Hydrogels for Optimizing Niche Cues to Enhance Cell-Based Cartilage Regeneration. Tissue Eng Part A 2020; 27:929-939. [PMID: 32940136 DOI: 10.1089/ten.tea.2020.0158] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Hydrogels have been widely used for cell delivery to enhance cell-based therapies for cartilage tissue regeneration. To better support cartilage deposition, it is imperative to determine hydrogel formulation with physical and biochemical cues that are optimized for different cell populations. Previous attempts to identify optimized hydrogels rely mostly on testing hydrogel formulations with discrete properties, which are time-consuming and require large amounts of cells and materials. Gradient hydrogels encompass a range of continuous changes in niche properties, therefore offering a promising solution for screening a wide range of cell-niche interactions using less materials and time. However, harnessing gradient hydrogels to assess how matrix stiffness modulates cartilage formation by different cell types in vivo have never been investigated before. The goal of this study is to fabricate gradient hydrogels for screening the effects of varying hydrogel stiffness on cartilage formation by mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) and chondrocytes, respectively, the two most commonly used cell populations for cartilage regeneration. We fabricated stiffness gradient hydrogels with tunable dimensions that support homogeneous cell encapsulation. Using gradient hydrogels with tunable stiffness range, we found MSCs and chondrocytes exhibit opposite trend in cartilage deposition in response to stiffness changes in vitro. Specifically, MSCs require soft hydrogels with Young's modulus less than 5 kPa to support faster cartilage deposition, as shown by type II collagen and sulfated glycosaminoglycan staining. In contrast, chondrocytes produce cartilage more effectively in stiffer matrix (>20 kPa). We chose optimal ranges of stiffness for each cell population for further testing in vivo using a mouse subcutaneous model. Our results further validated that soft matrix (Young's modulus <5 kPa) is better in supporting MSC-based cartilage deposition in three-dimensional, whereas stiffer matrix (Young's modulus >20 kPa) is more desirable for supporting chondrocyte-based cartilage deposition. Our results show the importance of optimizing niche cues in a cell-type-specific manner and validate the potential of using gradient hydrogels for optimizing niche cues to support cartilage regeneration in vitro and in vivo. Impact statement The present study validates the utility of gradient hydrogels for determining optimal hydrogel stiffness for supporting cartilage regeneration using both chondrocytes and stem cells. We demonstrate that such gradient hydrogels can be used for fast optimizing matrix stiffness for specific cell type to support optimal cartilage regeneration. To our knowledge, this is the first demonstration of applying gradient hydrogels for assessing optimal niche cues that support tissue regeneration in vivo and may be used for assessing optimal niche cues for different cell types to regeneration of different tissues.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elisa Liu
- Department of Bioengineering, Stanford University, Stanford, California, USA
| | - Danqing Zhu
- Department of Bioengineering, Stanford University, Stanford, California, USA
| | - Eva Gonzalez Diaz
- Department of Bioengineering, Stanford University, Stanford, California, USA
| | - Xinming Tong
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Stanford University, Stanford, California, USA
| | - Fan Yang
- Department of Bioengineering, Stanford University, Stanford, California, USA.,Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Stanford University, Stanford, California, USA
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Wolf MT, Zhang H, Sharma B, Marcus NA, Pietzner U, Fickert S, Lueth A, Albers GHR, Elisseeff JH. Two-Year Follow-Up and Remodeling Kinetics of ChonDux Hydrogel for Full-Thickness Cartilage Defect Repair in the Knee. Cartilage 2020; 11:447-457. [PMID: 30280586 PMCID: PMC7488951 DOI: 10.1177/1947603518800547] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To determine performance and repair kinetics of the ChonDux hydrogel scaffold for treating focal articular cartilage defects in the knee over 24 months. DESIGN This assessor-blinded trial evaluates ChonDux hydrogel scaffold implantation in combination with microfracture in 18 patients across 6 sites. Male and female patients 18 to 65 years of age with full-thickness femoral condyle defects 2 to 4 cm2 in area were enrolled. Eligible patients received ChonDux treatment followed by rehabilitation. Defect volume fill was evaluated after 3, 6 (primary outcome), 12, 18, and 24 months by assessor blinded magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) analysis. Secondary outcomes were T2-weighted MRI relaxation time and patient surveys via visual analogue scale (VAS) pain and International Knee Documentation Committee (IKDC) knee function scoring. RESULTS ChonDux maintained durable tissue restoration over 24 months with final defect percent fill of 94.2% ± 16.3% and no significant loss of fill volume at any time points. Tissues treated with ChonDux maintained T2 relaxation times similar to uninjured cartilage between 12 and 24 months. VAS pain scoring decreased between 1 and 6 weeks, and IKDC knee function scores improved by approximately 30.1 with ChonDux over 24 months. CONCLUSION ChonDux treatment is a safe adjunct to microfracture therapy and promotes stable restoration of full thickness articular cartilage defects for at least 24 months.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matthew T. Wolf
- Translational Tissue Engineering Center, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA,Department of Ophthalmology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA,Bloomberg-Kimmel Institute for Cancer Immunotherapy, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Hong Zhang
- Translational Tissue Engineering Center, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA,Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Blanka Sharma
- J. Crayton Pruitt Family Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA
| | | | - Uwe Pietzner
- Department of Arthroscopic Surgery and Sport Traumatology, Clinic for Orthopedics and Trauma Surgery, Dietrich-Bonhoeffer-Klinikum Neubrandenburg, Altentreptow, Germany
| | - Stefan Fickert
- Sporthopaedicum Straubing Berlin Regensburg, Straubing, Germany,University Medical Centre Mannheim, Medical Faculty Mannheim, University of Heidelberg, Mannheim, Germany
| | - Achim Lueth
- Praxisclinic Zaehringen, Department of Orthopedics, Freiburg, Germany
| | - G. H. Robert Albers
- AVE Orthopedic Clinics, Huizen, Netherlands,Abteilung Orthopaedie/Unfallchirurgie, Diakonissenkrankenhaus, Schladming, Austria
| | - Jennifer H. Elisseeff
- Translational Tissue Engineering Center, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA,Department of Ophthalmology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA,Bloomberg-Kimmel Institute for Cancer Immunotherapy, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, USA,Jennifer H. Elisseeff, Department of Ophthalmology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, 5031 Smith Building, 400 North Broadway, Baltimore, MD 21231, USA.
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25
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Fu L, Yang Z, Gao C, Li H, Yuan Z, Wang F, Sui X, Liu S, Guo Q. Advances and prospects in biomimetic multilayered scaffolds for articular cartilage regeneration. Regen Biomater 2020; 7:527-542. [PMID: 33365139 PMCID: PMC7748444 DOI: 10.1093/rb/rbaa042] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2020] [Revised: 08/13/2020] [Accepted: 09/03/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Due to the sophisticated hierarchical structure and limited reparability of articular cartilage (AC), the ideal regeneration of AC defects has been a major challenge in the field of regenerative medicine. As defects progress, they often extend from the cartilage layer to the subchondral bone and ultimately lead to osteoarthritis. Tissue engineering techniques bring new hope for AC regeneration. To meet the regenerative requirements of the heterogeneous and layered structure of native AC tissue, a substantial number of multilayered biomimetic scaffolds have been studied. Ideal multilayered scaffolds should generate zone-specific functional tissue similar to native AC tissue. This review focuses on the current status of multilayered scaffolds developed for AC defect repair, including design strategies based on the degree of defect severity and the zone-specific characteristics of AC tissue, the selection and composition of biomaterials, and techniques for design and manufacturing. The challenges and future perspectives of biomimetic multilayered scaffold strategies for AC regeneration are also discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liwei Fu
- School of Medicine, Nankai University, No. 94 Weijin Road, Nankai District, Tianjin 300071, China.,Beijing Key Lab of Regenerative Medicine in Orthopedics, Key Laboratory of Musculoskeletal Trauma and War Injuries PLA, Institute of Orthopedics, The First Medical Center, Chinese PLA General Hospital, No. 28 Fuxing Road, Haidian District, Beijing 100853, China
| | - Zhen Yang
- School of Medicine, Nankai University, No. 94 Weijin Road, Nankai District, Tianjin 300071, China.,Beijing Key Lab of Regenerative Medicine in Orthopedics, Key Laboratory of Musculoskeletal Trauma and War Injuries PLA, Institute of Orthopedics, The First Medical Center, Chinese PLA General Hospital, No. 28 Fuxing Road, Haidian District, Beijing 100853, China
| | - Cangjian Gao
- School of Medicine, Nankai University, No. 94 Weijin Road, Nankai District, Tianjin 300071, China.,Beijing Key Lab of Regenerative Medicine in Orthopedics, Key Laboratory of Musculoskeletal Trauma and War Injuries PLA, Institute of Orthopedics, The First Medical Center, Chinese PLA General Hospital, No. 28 Fuxing Road, Haidian District, Beijing 100853, China
| | - Hao Li
- School of Medicine, Nankai University, No. 94 Weijin Road, Nankai District, Tianjin 300071, China.,Beijing Key Lab of Regenerative Medicine in Orthopedics, Key Laboratory of Musculoskeletal Trauma and War Injuries PLA, Institute of Orthopedics, The First Medical Center, Chinese PLA General Hospital, No. 28 Fuxing Road, Haidian District, Beijing 100853, China
| | - Zhiguo Yuan
- Beijing Key Lab of Regenerative Medicine in Orthopedics, Key Laboratory of Musculoskeletal Trauma and War Injuries PLA, Institute of Orthopedics, The First Medical Center, Chinese PLA General Hospital, No. 28 Fuxing Road, Haidian District, Beijing 100853, China.,Department of Bone and Joint Surgery, Renji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiaotong University, No. 160 Pujian Road, Pudong New District, Shanghai 200127, China
| | - Fuxin Wang
- Beijing Key Lab of Regenerative Medicine in Orthopedics, Key Laboratory of Musculoskeletal Trauma and War Injuries PLA, Institute of Orthopedics, The First Medical Center, Chinese PLA General Hospital, No. 28 Fuxing Road, Haidian District, Beijing 100853, China
| | - Xiang Sui
- Beijing Key Lab of Regenerative Medicine in Orthopedics, Key Laboratory of Musculoskeletal Trauma and War Injuries PLA, Institute of Orthopedics, The First Medical Center, Chinese PLA General Hospital, No. 28 Fuxing Road, Haidian District, Beijing 100853, China
| | - Shuyun Liu
- Beijing Key Lab of Regenerative Medicine in Orthopedics, Key Laboratory of Musculoskeletal Trauma and War Injuries PLA, Institute of Orthopedics, The First Medical Center, Chinese PLA General Hospital, No. 28 Fuxing Road, Haidian District, Beijing 100853, China
| | - Quanyi Guo
- School of Medicine, Nankai University, No. 94 Weijin Road, Nankai District, Tianjin 300071, China.,Beijing Key Lab of Regenerative Medicine in Orthopedics, Key Laboratory of Musculoskeletal Trauma and War Injuries PLA, Institute of Orthopedics, The First Medical Center, Chinese PLA General Hospital, No. 28 Fuxing Road, Haidian District, Beijing 100853, China
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26
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Tran HD, Park KD, Ching YC, Huynh C, Nguyen DH. A comprehensive review on polymeric hydrogel and its composite: Matrices of choice for bone and cartilage tissue engineering. J IND ENG CHEM 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jiec.2020.06.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
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27
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Dual delivery of stem cells and insulin-like growth factor-1 in coacervate-embedded composite hydrogels for enhanced cartilage regeneration in osteochondral defects. J Control Release 2020; 327:284-295. [PMID: 32763434 DOI: 10.1016/j.jconrel.2020.08.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2020] [Revised: 07/07/2020] [Accepted: 08/02/2020] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Exogenous dual delivery of progenitor cell population and therapeutic growth factors (GFs) is one of alternative tissue engineering strategies for osteochondral tissue regeneration. In the present study, an implantable dual delivery platform was developed using coacervates (Coa) (i.e., a tertiary complex of poly(ethylene argininylaspartate diglyceride) (PEAD) polycation, heparin, and cargo insulin-like growth factor-1 (IGF-1), in thiolated gelatin (gelatin-SH)/ poly(ethylene glycol) diacrylate (PEGDA) interpenetrating network (IPN) hydrogels. Since Coa is able to protect cargo GF and maintain its long-term bioactivity, it is speculated that Coa-mediated delivery of chondrogenic factor IGF-1 with the aid of adipose-derived stem cells (ADSCs) would synergistically facilitate osteochondral tissue repair during physiological regeneration process. Our results indicate that gelatin-SH/PEGDA IPN hydrogels demonstrated biocompatibility and mechanical properties for a possible long-term transplantation, and PEAD-base Coa exhibited a sustained release of bioactive IGF-1 over 3 weeks. Subsequently, released IGF-1 from Coa could effectively induce chondrogenic differentiation of embedded ADSCs in the hydrogel, by showing enhanced glycosaminoglycan deposition and expression of chondrogenesis-associated genes. More importantly, at 12 weeks post-implantation in a rabbit full thickness osteochondral defect model, the quality of regenerative tissues in both chondral and subchondral layers was significantly improved in dual delivery of ADSC and IGF-1 in Coa encapsulated in gelatin-SH/PEGDA IPN hydrogels, as compared with a single delivery of ADSC only and a dual delivery without Coa. Therefore, we conclude that our Coa-embedded composite hydrogel platform could effectively augment osteochondral tissue regeneration holds promise for a feasible osteoarthritis therapeutic application.
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28
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Alteration of cell motility dynamics through collagen fiber density in photopolymerized polyethylene glycol hydrogels. Int J Biol Macromol 2020; 157:414-423. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2020.04.144] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2019] [Revised: 04/03/2020] [Accepted: 04/18/2020] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
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29
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Ruud KF, Hiscox WC, Yu I, Chen RK, Li W. Distinct phenotypes of cancer cells on tissue matrix gel. Breast Cancer Res 2020; 22:82. [PMID: 32736579 PMCID: PMC7395363 DOI: 10.1186/s13058-020-01321-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/14/2020] [Accepted: 07/23/2020] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Breast cancer cells invading the connective tissues outside the mammary lobule or duct immerse in a reservoir of extracellular matrix (ECM) that is structurally and biochemically distinct from that of their site of origin. The ECM is a spatial network of matrix proteins, which not only provide physical support but also serve as bioactive ligands to the cells. It becomes evident that the dimensional, mechanical, structural, and biochemical properties of ECM are all essential mediators of many cellular functions. To better understand breast cancer development and cancer cell biology in native tissue environment, various tissue-mimicking culture models such as hydrogel have been developed. Collagen I (Col I) and Matrigel are the most common hydrogels used in cancer research and have opened opportunities for addressing biological questions beyond the two-dimensional (2D) cell cultures. Yet, it remains unclear whether these broadly used hydrogels can recapitulate the environmental properties of tissue ECM, and whether breast cancer cells grown on CoI I or Matrigel display similar phenotypes as they would on their native ECM. METHODS We investigated mammary epithelial cell phenotypes and metabolic profiles on animal breast ECM-derived tissue matrix gel (TMG), Col I, and Matrigel. Atomic force microscopy (AFM), fluorescence microscopy, acini formation assay, differentiation experiments, spatial migration/invasion assays, proliferation assay, and nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopy were used to examine biological phenotypes and metabolic changes. Student's t test was applied for statistical analyses. RESULTS Our data showed that under a similar physiological stiffness, the three types of hydrogels exhibited distinct microstructures. Breast cancer cells grown on TMG displayed quite different morphologies, surface receptor expression, differentiation status, migration and invasion, and metabolic profiles compared to those cultured on Col I and Matrigel. Depleting lactate produced by glycolytic metabolism of cancer cells abolished the cell proliferation promoted by the non-tissue-specific hydrogel. CONCLUSION The full ECM protein-based hydrogel system may serve as a biologically relevant model system to study tissue- and disease-specific pathological questions. This work provides insights into tissue matrix regulation of cancer cell biomarker expression and identification of novel therapeutic targets for the treatment of human cancers based on tissue-specific disease modeling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kelsey F Ruud
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Elson S. Floyd College of Medicine, Washington State University, Spokane, WA, 99202, USA
| | - William C Hiscox
- Center for NMR Spectroscopy, Washington State University, Pullman, WA, 99164, USA
| | - Ilhan Yu
- School of Mechanical and Materials Engineering, Washington State University, Pullman, WA, 99164, USA
| | - Roland K Chen
- School of Mechanical and Materials Engineering, Washington State University, Pullman, WA, 99164, USA
| | - Weimin Li
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Elson S. Floyd College of Medicine, Washington State University, Spokane, WA, 99202, USA.
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30
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Gegg C, Tong X, Yang F. Mixed Composition Microribbon Hydrogels Induce Rapid and Synergistic Cartilage Regeneration by Mesenchymal Stem Cells in 3D via Paracrine Signaling Exchange. ACS Biomater Sci Eng 2020; 6:4166-4178. [PMID: 33463346 PMCID: PMC10154175 DOI: 10.1021/acsbiomaterials.0c00131] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/29/2023]
Abstract
Hydrogels are widely used matrices for mesenchymal stem cell (MSC)-based cartilage regeneration but often result in slow cartilage deposition with inferior mechanical strength. We recently reported a gelatin-based microribbon (μRB) scaffold, which contains macroporosity and substantially enhances the speed of cartilage formation by MSCs in 3D. However, our previous method cannot be used to fabricate different polymers into μRBs, and the effects of varying μRB compositions on MSC cartilage regeneration in 3D remain unknown. Here, we report a method that allows fabricating different polymers [gelatin, chondroitin sulfate, hyaluronic acid, and polyethylene glycol (PEG)] into μRB structures, which can be mixed in any ratio and cross-linked into 3D scaffolds in a modular manner. Mixing glycosaminoglycan μRBs with gelatin or PEG μRBs induced great synergy, resulting in fast cartilage deposition. After only 3 weeks of culture, leading mixed μRB composition reached high compressive strength on par with native cartilage. Such synergy can be recapitulated via exchange of soluble factors secreted by MSCs seeded in different μRB compositions in a dose-dependent manner. Tuning the ratio of mixed μRB compositions allowed further optimization of the quantity and speed of cartilage regeneration by MSCs. Together, our results validate mixed μRB compositions as a novel biomaterial tool for inducing synergy and accelerating MSC-based cartilage regeneration with biomimetic mechanical properties through paracrine signal exchange.
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Affiliation(s)
- Courtney Gegg
- Department of Bioengineering, Stanford University Schools of Engineering and Medicine, Stanford, California 94305, United States
| | - Xinming Tong
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, California 94305, United States
| | - Fan Yang
- Departments of Bioengineering and Orthopedic Surgery, Stanford University Schools of Engineering and Medicine, 300 Pasteur Drive, Edwards R105, Stanford, California 94305, United States
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31
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Murata D, Fujimoto R, Nakayama K. Osteochondral Regeneration Using Adipose Tissue-Derived Mesenchymal Stem Cells. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:ijms21103589. [PMID: 32438742 PMCID: PMC7279226 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21103589] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2020] [Revised: 05/07/2020] [Accepted: 05/15/2020] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Osteoarthritis (OA) is a major joint disease that promotes locomotor deficiency during the middle- to old-age, with the associated disability potentially decreasing quality of life. Recently, surgical strategies to reconstruct both articular cartilage and subchondral bone for OA have been diligently investigated for restoring joint structure and function. Adipose tissue-derived mesenchymal stem cells (AT-MSCs), which maintain pluripotency and self-proliferation ability, have recently received attention as a useful tool to regenerate osteocartilage for OA. In this review, several studies were described related to AT-MSC spheroids, with scaffold and scaffold-free three-dimensional (3D) constructs produced using “mold” or “Kenzan” methods for osteochondral regeneration. First, several examples of articular cartilage regeneration using AT-MSCs were introduced. Second, studies of osteochondral regeneration (not only cartilage but also subchondral bone) using AT-MSCs were described. Third, examples were presented wherein spheroids were produced using AT-MSCs for cartilage regeneration. Fourth, osteochondral regeneration following autologous implantation of AT-MSC scaffold-free 3D constructs, fabricated using the “mold” or “Kenzan” method, was considered. Finally, prospects of osteochondral regeneration by scaffold-free 3D constructs using AT-MSC spheroids were discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daiki Murata
- Center for Regenerative Medicine Research, Faculty of Medicine, Saga University, Honjo-machi, Saga 840-8502, Japan; (R.F.); (K.N.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +81-952-28-8480
| | - Ryota Fujimoto
- Center for Regenerative Medicine Research, Faculty of Medicine, Saga University, Honjo-machi, Saga 840-8502, Japan; (R.F.); (K.N.)
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, Saga University, Nabeshima 5-1-1, Saga 849-8501, Japan
| | - Koichi Nakayama
- Center for Regenerative Medicine Research, Faculty of Medicine, Saga University, Honjo-machi, Saga 840-8502, Japan; (R.F.); (K.N.)
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Barati D, Gegg C, Yang F. Nanoparticle-Mediated TGF-β Release from Microribbon-Based Hydrogels Accelerates Stem Cell-Based Cartilage Formation In Vivo. Ann Biomed Eng 2020; 48:1971-1981. [PMID: 32377980 PMCID: PMC10155292 DOI: 10.1007/s10439-020-02522-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/14/2020] [Accepted: 04/24/2020] [Indexed: 04/04/2023]
Abstract
Conventional nanoporous hydrogels often lead to slow cartilage deposition by MSCs in 3D due to physical constraints and requirement for degradation. Our group has recently reported macroporous gelatin microribbon (μRB) hydrogels, which substantially accelerate MSC-based cartilage formation in vitro compared to conventional gelatin hydrogels. To facilitate translating the use of μRB-based scaffolds for supporting stem cell-based cartilage regeneration in vivo, there remains a need to develop a customize-designed drug delivery system that can be incorporated into μRB-based scaffolds. Towards this goal, here we report polydopamine-coated mesoporous silica nanoparticles (MSNs) that can be stably incorporated within the macroporous μRB scaffolds, and allow tunable release of transforming growth factor (TGF)-β3. We hypothesize that increasing concentration of polydopamine coating on MSNs will slow down TGF- β3 release, and TGF-β3 release from polydopamine-coated MSNs can enhance MSC-based cartilage formation in vitro and in vivo. We demonstrate that TGF-β3 released from MSNs enhance MSC-based cartilage regeneration in vitro to levels comparable to freshly added TGF-β3 in the medium, as shown by biochemical assays, mechanical testing, and histology. Furthermore, when implanted in vivo in a mouse subcutaneous model, only the group containing MSN-mediated TGF-β3 release supported continuous cartilage formation, whereas control group without MSN showed loss of cartilage matrix and undesirable endochondral ossification. The modular design of MSN-mediated drug delivery can be customized for delivering multiple drugs with individually optimized release kinetics, and may be applicable to enhance regeneration of other tissue types.
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Affiliation(s)
- Danial Barati
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Stanford University Schools of Engineering and Medicine, 300 Pasteur Drive, Edwards R105, Stanford, CA, 94305, USA
| | - Courtney Gegg
- Department of Bioengineering, Stanford University Schools of Engineering and Medicine, 300 Pasteur Drive, Edwards R105, Stanford, CA, 94305, USA
| | - Fan Yang
- Departments of Bioengineering and Orthopedic Surgery, Stanford University Schools of Engineering and Medicine, 300 Pasteur Drive, Edwards R105, Stanford, CA, 94305, USA.
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33
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Zhao W, Du Z, Fang J, Fu L, Zhang X, Cai Q, Yang X. Synthetic/natural blended polymer fibrous meshes composed of polylactide, gelatin and glycosaminoglycan for cartilage repair. JOURNAL OF BIOMATERIALS SCIENCE-POLYMER EDITION 2020; 31:1437-1456. [DOI: 10.1080/09205063.2020.1760701] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Wenwen Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Organic-Inorganic Composites; Beijing Laboratory of Biomedical Materials, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing, P.R. China
| | - Zhiyun Du
- State Key Laboratory of Organic-Inorganic Composites; Beijing Laboratory of Biomedical Materials, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing, P.R. China
| | - Jiajin Fang
- State Key Laboratory of Organic-Inorganic Composites; Beijing Laboratory of Biomedical Materials, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing, P.R. China
| | - Lei Fu
- State Key Laboratory of Organic-Inorganic Composites; Beijing Laboratory of Biomedical Materials, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing, P.R. China
| | - Xin Zhang
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Sports Injuries, Institute of Sports Medicine, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing, P.R. China
| | - Qing Cai
- State Key Laboratory of Organic-Inorganic Composites; Beijing Laboratory of Biomedical Materials, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing, P.R. China
| | - Xiaoping Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Organic-Inorganic Composites; Beijing Laboratory of Biomedical Materials, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing, P.R. China
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McCreery KP, Calve S, Neu CP. Ontogeny informs regeneration: explant models to investigate the role of the extracellular matrix in cartilage tissue assembly and development. Connect Tissue Res 2020; 61:278-291. [PMID: 32186210 PMCID: PMC7190409 DOI: 10.1080/03008207.2019.1698556] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2019] [Accepted: 11/22/2019] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
Abstract
Osteoarthritis (OA) is typically managed in late stages by replacement of the articular cartilage surface with a prosthesis as an effective, though undesirable outcome. As an alternative, hydrogel implants or growth factor treatments are currently of great interest in the tissue engineering community, and scaffold materials are often designed to emulate the mechanical and chemical composition of mature extracellular matrix (ECM) tissue. However, scaffolds frequently fail to capture the structure and organization of cartilage. Additionally, many current scaffold designs do not mimic processes by which structurally sound cartilage is formed during musculoskeletal development. The objective of this review is to highlight methods that investigate cartilage ontogenesis with native and model systems in the context of regenerative medicine. Specific emphasis is placed on the use of cartilage explant cultures that provide a physiologically relevant microenvironment to study tissue assembly and development. Ex vivo cartilage has proven to be a cost-effective and accessible model system that allows researchers to control the culture conditions and stimuli and perform proteomics and imaging studies that are not easily possible using in vivo experiments, while preserving native cell-matrix interactions. We anticipate our review will promote a developmental biology approach using explanted tissues to guide cartilage tissue engineering and inform new treatment methods for OA and joint damage.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Sarah Calve
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of Colorado, Boulder, USA
- Weldon School of Biomedical Engineering, Purdue University, West Lafayette, USA
| | - Corey P. Neu
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of Colorado, Boulder, USA
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35
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Cui X, Soliman BG, Alcala‐Orozco CR, Li J, Vis MAM, Santos M, Wise SG, Levato R, Malda J, Woodfield TBF, Rnjak‐Kovacina J, Lim KS. Rapid Photocrosslinking of Silk Hydrogels with High Cell Density and Enhanced Shape Fidelity. Adv Healthc Mater 2020; 9:e1901667. [PMID: 31943911 DOI: 10.1002/adhm.201901667] [Citation(s) in RCA: 73] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2019] [Revised: 12/12/2019] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Silk fibroin hydrogels crosslinked through di-tyrosine bonds are clear, elastomeric constructs with immense potential in regenerative medicine applications. In this study, demonstrated is a new visible light-mediated photoredox system for di-tyrosine bond formation in silk fibroin that overcomes major limitations of current conventional enzymatic-based crosslinking. This photomediated system rapidly crosslinks silk fibroin (<1 min), allowing encapsulation of cells at significantly higher cell densities (15 million cells mL-1 ) while retaining high cell viability (>80%). The photocrosslinked silk hydrogels present more stable mechanical properties which do not undergo spontaneous transition to stiff, β-sheet-rich networks typically seen for enzymatically crosslinked systems. These hydrogels also support long-term culture of human articular chondrocytes, with excellent cartilage tissue formation. This system also facilitates the first demonstration of biofabrication of silk fibroin constructs in the absence of chemical modification of the protein structure or rheological additives. Cell-laden constructs with complex, ordered, graduated architectures, and high resolution (40 µm) are fabricated using the photocrosslinking system, which cannot be achieved using the enzymatic crosslinking system. Taken together, this work demonstrates the immense potential of a new crosslinking approach for fabrication of elastomeric silk hydrogels with applications in biofabrication and tissue regeneration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaolin Cui
- Christchurch Regenerative Medicine and Tissue Engineering (CReaTE) Group Department of Orthopaedics Surgery and Musculoskeletal Medicine University of Otago Christchurch 8011 New Zealand
- Medical Technologies Centre of Research Excellence Auckland 1010 New Zealand
| | - Bram G. Soliman
- Christchurch Regenerative Medicine and Tissue Engineering (CReaTE) Group Department of Orthopaedics Surgery and Musculoskeletal Medicine University of Otago Christchurch 8011 New Zealand
| | - Cesar R. Alcala‐Orozco
- Christchurch Regenerative Medicine and Tissue Engineering (CReaTE) Group Department of Orthopaedics Surgery and Musculoskeletal Medicine University of Otago Christchurch 8011 New Zealand
| | - Jun Li
- Christchurch Regenerative Medicine and Tissue Engineering (CReaTE) Group Department of Orthopaedics Surgery and Musculoskeletal Medicine University of Otago Christchurch 8011 New Zealand
| | - Michelle A. M. Vis
- Christchurch Regenerative Medicine and Tissue Engineering (CReaTE) Group Department of Orthopaedics Surgery and Musculoskeletal Medicine University of Otago Christchurch 8011 New Zealand
| | - Miguel Santos
- School of Medical Sciences Department of Physiology University of Sydney Camperdown NSW 2006 Australia
- Charles Perkins Centre University of Sydney Camperdown NSW 2006 Australia
| | - Steven G. Wise
- School of Medical Sciences Department of Physiology University of Sydney Camperdown NSW 2006 Australia
- Charles Perkins Centre University of Sydney Camperdown NSW 2006 Australia
| | - Riccardo Levato
- Regenerative Medicine Center Utrecht Heidelberglaan 100 3584 CX Utrecht The Netherlands
- Department of Orthopaedics University Medical Center Utrecht Heidelberglaan 100 3584 CX Utrecht The Netherlands
| | - Jos Malda
- Regenerative Medicine Center Utrecht Heidelberglaan 100 3584 CX Utrecht The Netherlands
- Department of Orthopaedics University Medical Center Utrecht Heidelberglaan 100 3584 CX Utrecht The Netherlands
- Department of Equine Sciences Faculty of Veterinary Medicine Utrecht University Domplein 29 3512 JE Utrecht The Netherlands
| | - Tim B. F. Woodfield
- Christchurch Regenerative Medicine and Tissue Engineering (CReaTE) Group Department of Orthopaedics Surgery and Musculoskeletal Medicine University of Otago Christchurch 8011 New Zealand
- Medical Technologies Centre of Research Excellence Auckland 1010 New Zealand
- Maurice Wilkins Centre for Molecular Biodiscovery Auckland 1010 New Zealand
| | - Jelena Rnjak‐Kovacina
- Graduate School of Biomedical Engineering University of New South Wales Sydney 2052 Australia
| | - Khoon S. Lim
- Christchurch Regenerative Medicine and Tissue Engineering (CReaTE) Group Department of Orthopaedics Surgery and Musculoskeletal Medicine University of Otago Christchurch 8011 New Zealand
- Medical Technologies Centre of Research Excellence Auckland 1010 New Zealand
- Maurice Wilkins Centre for Molecular Biodiscovery Auckland 1010 New Zealand
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Calejo I, Costa-Almeida R, Reis RL, Gomes ME. A Physiology-Inspired Multifactorial Toolbox in Soft-to-Hard Musculoskeletal Interface Tissue Engineering. Trends Biotechnol 2020; 38:83-98. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tibtech.2019.06.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/05/2019] [Revised: 06/13/2019] [Accepted: 06/14/2019] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
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Spatially patterned microribbon-based hydrogels induce zonally-organized cartilage regeneration by stem cells in 3D. Acta Biomater 2020; 101:196-205. [PMID: 31634627 DOI: 10.1016/j.actbio.2019.10.025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2019] [Revised: 10/14/2019] [Accepted: 10/16/2019] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Regenerating cartilage with biomimetic zonal organization, which is critical for tissue function, remains a great challenge. The objective of this study was to evaluate the potential of spatially-patterned, multi-compositional, macroporous, extracellular matrix-based microribbon (µRB) µRB scaffolds to regenerate cartilage with biochemical, mechanical, and morphological zonal organization by mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) compared to conventional multi-layer nanoporous hydrogels. MSCs were seeded in either trilayer microribbon (µRB) or hydrogel (HG) scaffolds that were composed of layered biomaterial compositions that had been chosen for their ability to differentiate MSCs into chondrocytes with zonal properties. To mimic the aligned collagen morphology in the superficial layer of native cartilage, an additional experimental group added MSC-laden aligned µRBs to the surface of the superficial layer of a µRB trilayer. Tuning µRB alignment and compositions in different zones led to zonal-specific responses of MSCs to create neocartilage with zonal biochemical, morphological, and mechanical properties, while trilayer HGs led to minimal cartilaginous deposition overall. Trilayer µRBs created neocartilage exhibiting significant increases in compressive modulus (up to 456 kPa) and > 4-fold increase in sGAG production from superficial to deep zones. Aligned gelatin µRBs in the superficial zone further enhanced biomimetic mimicry of the produced neocartilage by leading to robust collagen deposition and superficial zone protein production. STATEMENT OF SIGNIFICANCE: Regenerating cartilage with zonal organization using mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) remains a great challenge. We developed a spatially-patterned, gradient, macroporous, trilayer microribbon (µRB) scaffold that we used to engineer MSC-based neocartilage with zonal trends that match native cartilage in many aspects, including collagen, sGAG, superficial zone protein, and compressive moduli. This is in direct contrast to conventional trilayer nanoporous hydrogels which led to minimal cartilage deposition and weak mechanical properties. It took only 21 days for MSC-seeded trilayer µRB scaffolds to reach cartilage-mimicking compressive moduli without requiring high cell seeding density, which has never been reported before. While this paper focuses on cartilage zonal organization, gradient µRB scaffolds can be used to repair other tissue interfaces such as osteochondral defects.
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de Melo BAG, Jodat YA, Mehrotra S, Calabrese MA, Kamperman T, Mandal BB, Santana MHA, Alsberg E, Leijten J, Shin SR. 3D Printed Cartilage-Like Tissue Constructs with Spatially Controlled Mechanical Properties. ADVANCED FUNCTIONAL MATERIALS 2019; 29:1906330. [PMID: 34108852 PMCID: PMC8186324 DOI: 10.1002/adfm.201906330] [Citation(s) in RCA: 61] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2019] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Developing biomimetic cartilaginous tissues that support locomotion while maintaining chondrogenic behavior is a major challenge in the tissue engineering field. Specifically, while locomotive forces demand tissues with strong mechanical properties, chondrogenesis requires a soft microenvironment. To address this challenge, 3D cartilage-like tissue is bioprinted using two biomaterials with different mechanical properties: a hard biomaterial to reflect the macromechanical properties of native cartilage, and a soft biomaterial to create a chondrogenic microenvironment. To this end, a hard biomaterial (MPa order compressive modulus) composed of an interpenetrating polymer network (IPN) of polyethylene glycol (PEG) and alginate hydrogel is developed as an extracellular matrix (ECM) with self-healing properties, but low diffusive capacity. Within this bath supplemented with thrombin, fibrinogen containing human mesenchymal stem cell (hMSC) spheroids is bioprinted forming fibrin, as the soft biomaterial (kPa order compressive modulus) to simulate cartilage's pericellular matrix and allow a fast diffusion of nutrients. The bioprinted hMSC spheroids improve viability and chondrogenic-like behavior without adversely affecting the macromechanical properties of the tissue. Therefore, the ability to print locally soft and cell stimulating microenvironments inside of a mechanically robust hydrogel is demonstrated, thereby uncoupling the micro- and macromechanical properties of the 3D printed tissues such as cartilage.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bruna A G de Melo
- Division of Engineering in Medicine, Department of Medicine, Harvard Medical School, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA
| | - Yasamin A Jodat
- Division of Engineering in Medicine, Department of Medicine, Harvard Medical School, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA
| | - Shreya Mehrotra
- Division of Engineering in Medicine, Department of Medicine, Harvard Medical School, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA
| | - Michelle A Calabrese
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA
| | - Tom Kamperman
- Department of Developmental BioEngineering, University of Twente, Enschede, Overijssel 7522 NB, The Netherlands
| | - Biman B Mandal
- Department of Biosciences and Bioengineering, Indian Institute of Technology Guwahati, Guwahati 781039, India
| | - Maria H A Santana
- Department of Engineering of Materials and Bioprocesses School of Chemical Engineering, University of Campinas, Campinas, SP 13083-852, Brazil
| | - Eben Alsberg
- Departments of Bioengineering and Orthopaedics, University of Illinois, Chicago, IL 60607, USA
| | - Jeroen Leijten
- Department of Developmental BioEngineering, University of Twente, Enschede, Overijssel 7522 NB, The Netherlands
| | - Su Ryon Shin
- Division of Engineering in Medicine, Department of Medicine, Harvard Medical School, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA
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Su W, Hu Y, Zeng M, Li M, Lin S, Zhou Y, Xie J. Design and evaluation of nano-hydroxyapatite/poly(vinyl alcohol) hydrogels coated with poly(lactic-co-glycolic acid)/nano-hydroxyapatite/poly(vinyl alcohol) scaffolds for cartilage repair. J Orthop Surg Res 2019; 14:446. [PMID: 31847866 PMCID: PMC6916227 DOI: 10.1186/s13018-019-1450-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2019] [Accepted: 10/31/2019] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Poly(vinyl alcohol) (PVA) hydrogels have been widely used in synthetic cartilage materials. However, limitations of PVA hydrogels such as poor biomechanics and limited cell ingrowth remain challenges in this field. METHODS This work aimed to design novel nano-hydroxyapatite (nano-HA)/poly(vinyl alcohol) (PVA) hydrogels coated with a poly(lactic-co-glycolic acid) (PLGA)/nano-HA/PVA scaffold to counter the limitations of PVA hydrogels. The core, comprising nano-HA/PVA hydrogel, had the primary role of bearing the mechanical load. The peripheral structure, composed of PLGA/nano-HA/PVA, was designed to favor interaction with surrounding cartilage. RESULTS The double-layer HA/PVA hydrogel coated with PLGA/HA/PVA scaffold was successfully prepared using a two-step molding method, and the mechanical properties and biocompatibility were characterized. The mechanical properties of the novel PLGA/HA/PVA scaffold modified HA/PVA hydrogel were similar to those of native cartilage and showed greater sensitivity to compressive stress than to tensile stress. Rabbit chondrocytes were seeded in the composites to assess the biocompatibility and practicability in vitro. The results showed that the peripheral component comprising 30 wt% PLGA/5 wt% HA/15 wt% PVA was most conducive to rabbit chondrocyte adhesion and proliferation. CONCLUSIONS The study indicated that the double-layer HA/PVA hydrogel coated with PLGA/HA/PVA scaffold has the potential for cartilage repair.
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Affiliation(s)
- Weiping Su
- Department of Orthopedics, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, No.87 Xiangya Road, Changsha, 410008, Hunan, China
| | - Yihe Hu
- Department of Orthopedics, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, No.87 Xiangya Road, Changsha, 410008, Hunan, China
| | - Min Zeng
- Department of Orthopedics, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, No.87 Xiangya Road, Changsha, 410008, Hunan, China
| | - Mingqing Li
- Department of Orthopedics, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, No.87 Xiangya Road, Changsha, 410008, Hunan, China
| | - Shaoru Lin
- Department of Orthopedics, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, No.87 Xiangya Road, Changsha, 410008, Hunan, China
| | - Yangying Zhou
- Department of Oncology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, No.87 Xiangya Road, Changsha, 410008, Hunan, China
| | - Jie Xie
- Department of Orthopedics, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, No.87 Xiangya Road, Changsha, 410008, Hunan, China.
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Microribbon-hydrogel composite scaffold accelerates cartilage regeneration in vivo with enhanced mechanical properties using mixed stem cells and chondrocytes. Biomaterials 2019; 228:119579. [PMID: 31698227 DOI: 10.1016/j.biomaterials.2019.119579] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2019] [Revised: 09/26/2019] [Accepted: 10/24/2019] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Juvenile chondrocytes are robust in regenerating articular cartilage, but their clinical application is hindered by donor scarcity. Stem cells offer an abundant autologous cell source but are limited by slow cartilage deposition with poor mechanical properties. Using 3D co-culture models, mixing stem cells and chondrocytes can induce synergistic cartilage regeneration. However, the resulting cartilage tissue still suffers from poor mechanical properties after prolonged culture. Here we report a microribbon/hydrogel composite scaffold that supports synergistic interactions using co-culture of adipose-derived stem cells (ADSCs) and neonatal chondrocytes (NChons). The composite scaffold is comprised of a macroporous, gelatin microribbon (μRB) scaffolds filled with degradable nanoporous chondroitin sulfate (CS) hydrogel. We identified an optimal CS concentration (6%) that best supported co-culture synergy in vitro. Furthermore, 7 days of TGF-β3 exposure was sufficient to induce catalyzed cartilage formation. When implanted in vivo, μRB/CS composite scaffold supported over a 40-fold increase in compressive moduli of cartilage produced by mixed ADSCs/NChons to ~330 kPa, which surpassed even the quality of cartilage produced by 100% NChons. Together, these results validate μRB/CS composite as a promising scaffold for cartilage regeneration using mixed populations of stem cells and chondrocytes.
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Gegg C, Yang F. The Effects of ROCK Inhibition on Mesenchymal Stem Cell Chondrogenesis Are Culture Model Dependent. Tissue Eng Part A 2019; 26:130-139. [PMID: 31411113 DOI: 10.1089/ten.tea.2019.0068] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Rho-associated protein kinase (ROCK) signaling correlates with cell shape, with decreased cell spreading accompanied by decreased ROCK activity. However, how cell shape and ROCK activity impact the chondrogenesis of mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) remains inconclusive. Here we examine the effects of ROCK inhibition on human MSC chondrogenesis in four different culture models, including three-dimensional (3D) microribbon (μRB) scaffolds, two-dimensional hydrogel (2D-HG) substrates, 3D hydrogels (3D-HGs), and pellet. For each culture model involving biomaterials, four polymers were compared, including gelatin, chondroitin sulfate, hyaluronic acid, and polyethylene glycol. ROCK inhibition decreased MSC chondrogenesis in μRB model, enhanced chondrogenesis in pellet, and had minimal effect in 2D-HG or 3D-HG models. Furthermore, we demonstrate that MSC chondrogenesis cannot be predicted using ROCK signaling alone. While varying biomaterial compositions can impact the amount or phenotype of resulting cartilage, varying biomaterials did not change the chondrogenic response to ROCK inhibition within each culture model. Regardless of culture model or ROCK expression, increased cartilage formation was always accompanied by enhanced N-cadherin expression and production, suggesting that N-cadherin is a robust marker to select culture conditions that promote chondrogenesis. Together, the results from this study may be used to enhance MSC-based cartilage regeneration in different culture models. Impact Statement Here we assessed the effects of Rho-associated protein kinase (ROCK) inhibition on mesenchymal stem cell (MSC) chondrogenesis in different culture models, including three-dimensional (3D) microribbon scaffolds, two-dimensional hydrogel substrates, 3D hydrogels, and pellet culture. Our results demonstrate that effects of ROCK inhibition on MSC chondrogenesis differ substantially depending on culture models. Furthermore, MSC chondrogenesis cannot be predicted using ROCK signaling alone. The results from this study fill in a gap of knowledge in the correlation between ROCK signaling and MSC chondrogenesis, which may be used to enhance MSC-based cartilage regeneration in different culture models.
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Affiliation(s)
- Courtney Gegg
- Department of Bioengineering, Stanford University Schools of Engineering and Medicine, Stanford, California
| | - Fan Yang
- Department of Bioengineering and Orthopedic Surgery, Stanford University Schools of Engineering and Medicine, Stanford, California
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Sun Han Chang R, Lee JCW, Pedron S, Harley BAC, Rogers SA. Rheological Analysis of the Gelation Kinetics of an Enzyme Cross-linked PEG Hydrogel. Biomacromolecules 2019; 20:2198-2206. [PMID: 31046247 PMCID: PMC6765384 DOI: 10.1021/acs.biomac.9b00116] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
The diverse requirements of hydrogels for tissue engineering motivate the development of cross-linking reactions to fabricate hydrogel networks with specific features, particularly those amenable to the activity of biological materials (e.g., cells, proteins) that do not require exposure to UV light. We describe gelation kinetics for a library of thiolated poly(ethylene glycol) sulfhydryl hydrogels undergoing enzymatic cross-linking via horseradish peroxidase, a catalyst-driven reaction activated by hydrogen peroxide. We report the use of small-amplitude oscillatory shear (SAOS) to quantify gelation kinetics as a function of reaction conditions (hydrogen peroxide and polymer concentrations). We employ a novel approach to monitor the change of viscoelastic properties of hydrogels over the course of gelation (Δ tgel) via the time derivative of the storage modulus (d G'/d t). This approach, fundamentally distinct from traditional methods for defining a gel point, quantifies the time interval over which gelation events occur. We report that gelation depends on peroxide and polymer concentrations as well as system temperature, where the effects of hydrogen peroxide tend to saturate over a critical concentration. Further, this cross-linking reaction can be reversed using l-cysteine for rapid cell isolation, and the rate of hydrogel dissolution can be monitored using SAOS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Raul Sun Han Chang
- Department Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, Illinois 61801, United States
| | - Johnny Ching-Wei Lee
- Department Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, Illinois 61801, United States
| | - Sara Pedron
- Carl R. Woese Institute for Genomic Biology, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, Illinois 61801, United States
| | - Brendan A. C. Harley
- Department Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, Illinois 61801, United States
- Carl R. Woese Institute for Genomic Biology, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, Illinois 61801, United States
| | - Simon A. Rogers
- Department Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, Illinois 61801, United States
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Rogan H, Ilagan F, Yang F. Comparing Single Cell Versus Pellet Encapsulation of Mesenchymal Stem Cells in Three-Dimensional Hydrogels for Cartilage Regeneration. Tissue Eng Part A 2019; 25:1404-1412. [PMID: 30672386 DOI: 10.1089/ten.tea.2018.0289] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
While the gold standard for inducing mesenchymal stem cell (MSC) chondrogenesis utilizes pellet culture, most tissue engineering strategies for cartilage regeneration encapsulate MSCs as single cells, partially due to the technical challenge to homogeneously encapsulate cell pellets in three-dimensional (3D) hydrogels. It remains unclear whether encapsulating MSCs as single cell suspension or cell aggregates in 3D hydrogels would enhance MSC-based cartilage formation. In this study, we determined that the optimal size of MSC micropellets (μPellets) that can be homogeneously encapsulated in hydrogels with high cell viability is 100 cells/pellet. Using optimized μPellet size, MSCs were encapsulated either as single cell suspension or μPellets in four soft hydrogel formulations with stiffness ranging 3-6 kPa. Regardless of hydrogel formulations, single cell encapsulation resulted in more neocartilage deposition with improved mechanical functions over μPellet encapsulation. For single cell encapsulation, polyethylene glycol (PEG) hydrogels containing chondroitin sulfate led to the most cartilage matrix deposition, with compressive modulus reaching 211 kPa after only 21 days, a range approaching the stiffness of native cartilage. The findings from this study offer valuable insights on guiding optimal method design for MSCs and hydrogel-based cartilage regeneration. The optimized μPellet encapsulation method may be broadly applicable to encapsulate other stem cell types or cancer cells as aggregates in hydrogels. Impact Statement While the gold standard for inducing mesenchymal stem cell (MSC) chondrogenesis utilizes pellet culture, it remains unclear whether encapsulating MSCs as cell pellets in three-dimensional hydrogels would enhance MSC-based cartilage formation. In this study, we determined the optimal size of MSC micropellet (μPellet) that can be homogeneously encapsulated in hydrogels with high cell viability. Unexpectedly, single cell encapsulation resulted in more robust new cartilage formation than μPellet encapsulation. Furthermore, tuning hydrogel formulation led to rapid cartilage regeneration with stiffness approaching that of native cartilage. The findings from this study would facilitate clinical translation of MSCs and hydrogel-based therapies for cartilage regeneration with optimized parameters.
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Affiliation(s)
- Heather Rogan
- Department of Bioengineering, Schools of Engineering and Medicine, Stanford University, Stanford, California
| | - Francisco Ilagan
- Department of Biology, School of Humanities and Sciences, Stanford University, Stanford, California
| | - Fan Yang
- Department of Bioengineering, Schools of Engineering and Medicine, Stanford University, Stanford, California.,Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Stanford University, Stanford, California
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Florian B, Michel K, Steffi G, Nicole H, Frant M, Klaus L, Henning S. MSC differentiation on two-photon polymerized, stiffness and BMP2 modified biological copolymers. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2019; 14:035001. [PMID: 30699400 DOI: 10.1088/1748-605x/ab0362] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Bone tissue regeneration requires a three-dimensional biological setting. An ideal scaffold should enable cell proliferation and differentiation by mimicking structure and mechanical properties of the compromised defect as well as carrying growth factors. Two-photon polymerization (2PP) allows the preparation of 3D structures with a micrometric resolution. METHODS In this study, 2PP was applied to design scaffolds made from biocompatible methacrylated D,L-lactide-co-ε-caprolactone copolymers (LC) with a controlled porous architecture. Proliferation and differentiation of bone marrow mesenchymal stromal cells on LC was analyzed and compared to a standard inorganic urethane-dimethacrylate (UDMA) matrix. To functionalize LC and UDMA surfaces we analyzed a biomimetic, layer-by-layer coating, which could be modified in stiffness and integration of bone morphogenetic protein 2 (BMP2) and evaluated its effect on osteogenic differentiation. RESULTS On LC surfaces, BMSC demonstrated an optimal proliferation within pore sizes of 60-100 μm and showed a continuous expression of Vimentin. On the polyelectrolyte multilayer coating a significant increase in BMSC proliferation and differentiation as marked by Osteonectin expression was achieved using stiffness modification and BMP2 functionalization. CONCLUSION Combining 3D-Design with biofunctionalization, LC offers a promising approach for future regenerative applications in osteogenic differentiation of BMSCs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Böhrnsen Florian
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, University Medicine Göttingen, Germany
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Giang Phan VH, Duong HTT, Thambi T, Nguyen TL, Turabee MH, Yin Y, Kim SH, Kim J, Jeong JH, Lee DS. Modularly engineered injectable hybrid hydrogels based on protein-polymer network as potent immunologic adjuvant in vivo. Biomaterials 2019; 195:100-110. [PMID: 30623788 DOI: 10.1016/j.biomaterials.2018.12.034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/22/2018] [Revised: 12/07/2018] [Accepted: 12/31/2018] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
Lymphoid organs, which are populated by dendritic cells (DCs), are highly specialized tissues and provide an ideal microenvironment for T-cell priming. However, intramuscular or subcutaneous delivery of vaccine to DCs, a subset of antigen-presenting cells, has failed to stimulate optimal immune response for effective vaccination and need for adjuvants to induce immune response. To address this issue, we developed an in situ-forming injectable hybrid hydrogel that spontaneously assemble into microporous network upon subcutaneous administration, which provide a cellular niche to host immune cells, including DCs. In situ-forming injectable hybrid hydrogelators, composed of protein-polymer conjugates, formed a hydrogel depot at the close proximity to the dermis, resulting in a rapid migration of immune cells to the hydrogel boundary and infiltration to the microporous network. The biocompatibility of the watery microporous network allows recruitment of DCs without a DC enhancement factor, which was significantly higher than that of traditional hydrogel releasing chemoattractants, granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor. Owing to the sustained degradation of microporous hydrogel network, DNA vaccine release can be sustained, and the recruitment of DCs and their homing to lymph node can be modulated. Furthermore, immunization of a vaccine encoding amyloid-β fusion proteinbearing microporous network induced a robust antigen-specific immune response in vivo and strong recall immune response was exhibited due to immunogenic memory. These hybrid hydrogels can be administered in a minimally invasive manner using hypodermic needle, bypassing the need for cytokine or DC enhancement factor and provide niche to host immune cells. These findings highlight the potential of hybrid hydrogels that may serve as a simple, yet multifunctional, platform for DNA vaccine delivery to modulate immune response.
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Affiliation(s)
- V H Giang Phan
- Faculty of Applied Sciences, Ton Duc Thang University, Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam
| | - Huu Thuy Trang Duong
- School of Chemical Engineering, Theranostic Macromolecules Research Center, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon 16419, Republic of Korea
| | - Thavasyappan Thambi
- School of Chemical Engineering, Theranostic Macromolecules Research Center, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon 16419, Republic of Korea
| | - Thanh Loc Nguyen
- School of Chemical Engineering, Theranostic Macromolecules Research Center, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon 16419, Republic of Korea
| | - Md Hasan Turabee
- School of Chemical Engineering, Theranostic Macromolecules Research Center, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon 16419, Republic of Korea
| | - Yue Yin
- School of Pharmacy, Theranostic Macromolecules Research Center, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon 16419, Republic of Korea
| | - Seong Han Kim
- School of Chemical Engineering, Theranostic Macromolecules Research Center, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon 16419, Republic of Korea
| | - Jaeyun Kim
- School of Chemical Engineering, Theranostic Macromolecules Research Center, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon 16419, Republic of Korea
| | - Ji Hoon Jeong
- School of Pharmacy, Theranostic Macromolecules Research Center, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon 16419, Republic of Korea.
| | - Doo Sung Lee
- School of Chemical Engineering, Theranostic Macromolecules Research Center, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon 16419, Republic of Korea.
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Graceffa V, Vinatier C, Guicheux J, Stoddart M, Alini M, Zeugolis DI. Chasing Chimeras - The elusive stable chondrogenic phenotype. Biomaterials 2018; 192:199-225. [PMID: 30453216 DOI: 10.1016/j.biomaterials.2018.11.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2018] [Revised: 11/02/2018] [Accepted: 11/09/2018] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
The choice of the best-suited cell population for the regeneration of damaged or diseased cartilage depends on the effectiveness of culture conditions (e.g. media supplements, three-dimensional scaffolds, mechanical stimulation, oxygen tension, co-culture systems) to induce stable chondrogenic phenotype. Herein, advances and shortfalls in in vitro, preclinical and clinical setting of various in vitro microenvironment modulators on maintaining chondrocyte phenotype or directing stem cells towards chondrogenic lineage are critically discussed. Chondrocytes possess low isolation efficiency, limited proliferative potential and rapid phenotypic drift in culture. Mesenchymal stem cells are relatively readily available, possess high proliferation potential, exhibit great chondrogenic differentiation capacity, but they tend to acquire a hypertrophic phenotype when exposed to chondrogenic stimuli. Embryonic and induced pluripotent stem cells, despite their promising in vitro and preclinical data, are still under-investigated. Although a stable chondrogenic phenotype remains elusive, recent advances in in vitro microenvironment modulators are likely to develop clinically- and commercially-relevant therapies in the years to come.
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Affiliation(s)
- Valeria Graceffa
- Regenerative, Modular & Developmental Engineering Laboratory (REMODEL), Centre for Research in Medical Devices (CÚRAM), Biomedical Sciences Building, National University of Ireland Galway (NUI Galway), Galway, Ireland
| | - Claire Vinatier
- INSERMU1229, Regenerative Medicine and Skeleton (RMeS), University of Nantes, UFR Odontologie & CHU Nantes, PHU 4 OTONN, 44042 Nantes, France
| | - Jerome Guicheux
- INSERMU1229, Regenerative Medicine and Skeleton (RMeS), University of Nantes, UFR Odontologie & CHU Nantes, PHU 4 OTONN, 44042 Nantes, France
| | - Martin Stoddart
- AO Research Institute, Clavadelerstrasse 8, 7270 Davos, Switzerland
| | - Mauro Alini
- AO Research Institute, Clavadelerstrasse 8, 7270 Davos, Switzerland
| | - Dimitrios I Zeugolis
- Regenerative, Modular & Developmental Engineering Laboratory (REMODEL), Centre for Research in Medical Devices (CÚRAM), Biomedical Sciences Building, National University of Ireland Galway (NUI Galway), Galway, Ireland.
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Sun Y, Yan L, Chen S, Pei M. Functionality of decellularized matrix in cartilage regeneration: A comparison of tissue versus cell sources. Acta Biomater 2018; 74:56-73. [PMID: 29702288 PMCID: PMC7307012 DOI: 10.1016/j.actbio.2018.04.048] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/09/2018] [Revised: 04/20/2018] [Accepted: 04/23/2018] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
Abstract
Increasing evidence indicates that decellularized extracellular matrices (dECMs) derived from cartilage tissues (T-dECMs) or chondrocytes/stem cells (C-dECMs) can support proliferation and chondrogenic differentiation of cartilage-forming cells. However, few review papers compare the differences between these dECMs when they serve as substrates for cartilage regeneration. In this review, after an introduction of cartilage immunogenicity and decellularization methods to prepare T-dECMs and C-dECMs, a comprehensive comparison focuses on the effects of T-dECMs and C-dECMs on proliferation and chondrogenic differentiation of chondrocytes/stem cells in vitro and in vivo. Key factors within dECMs, consisting of microarchitecture characteristics and micromechanical properties as well as retained insoluble and soluble matrix components, are discussed in-depth for potential mechanisms underlying the functionality of these dECMs in regulating chondrogenesis. With this information, we hope to benefit dECM based cartilage engineering and tissue regeneration for future clinical application. STATEMENT OF SIGNIFICANCE The use of decellularized extracellular matrix (dECM) is becoming a promising approach for tissue engineering and regeneration. Compared to dECM derived from cartilage tissue, recently reported dECM from cell sources exhibits a distinct role in cell based cartilage regeneration. In this review paper, for the first time, tissue and cell based dECMs are comprehensively compared for their functionality in cartilage regeneration. This information is expected to provide an update for dECM based cartilage regeneration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu Sun
- Stem Cell and Tissue Engineering Laboratory, Department of Orthopaedics, West Virginia University, Morgantown, WV 26506, USA; Department of Orthopaedics, Orthopaedics Institute, Subei People's Hospital of Jiangsu Province, Yangzhou, Jiangsu 225001, China
| | - Lianqi Yan
- Department of Orthopaedics, Orthopaedics Institute, Subei People's Hospital of Jiangsu Province, Yangzhou, Jiangsu 225001, China
| | - Song Chen
- Department of Orthopaedics, Chengdu Military General Hospital, Chengdu, Sichuan 610083, China
| | - Ming Pei
- Stem Cell and Tissue Engineering Laboratory, Department of Orthopaedics, West Virginia University, Morgantown, WV 26506, USA; Exercise Physiology, West Virginia University, Morgantown, WV 26506, USA; WVU Cancer Institute, Robert C. Byrd Health Sciences Center, West Virginia University, Morgantown, WV 26506, USA.
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Foyt DA, Norman MDA, Yu TTL, Gentleman E. Exploiting Advanced Hydrogel Technologies to Address Key Challenges in Regenerative Medicine. Adv Healthc Mater 2018; 7:e1700939. [PMID: 29316363 PMCID: PMC5922416 DOI: 10.1002/adhm.201700939] [Citation(s) in RCA: 84] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2017] [Revised: 10/24/2017] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Regenerative medicine aims to tackle a panoply of challenges from repairing focal damage to articular cartilage to preventing pathological tissue remodeling after myocardial infarction. Hydrogels are water-swollen networks formed from synthetic or naturally derived polymers and are emerging as important tools to address these challenges. Recent advances in hydrogel chemistries are enabling researchers to create hydrogels that can act as 3D ex vivo tissue models, allowing them to explore fundamental questions in cell biology by replicating tissues' dynamic and nonlinear physical properties. Enabled by cutting edge techniques such as 3D bioprinting, cell-laden hydrogels are also being developed with highly controlled tissue-specific architectures, vasculature, and biological functions that together can direct tissue repair. Moreover, advanced in situ forming and acellular hydrogels are increasingly finding use as delivery vehicles for bioactive compounds and in mediating host cell response. Here, advances in the design and fabrication of hydrogels for regenerative medicine are reviewed. It is also addressed how controlled chemistries are allowing for precise engineering of spatial and time-dependent properties in hydrogels with a look to how these materials will eventually translate to clinical applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniel A. Foyt
- Centre for Craniofacial and Regenerative BiologyKing's College LondonLondonSE1 9RTUK
| | - Michael D. A. Norman
- Centre for Craniofacial and Regenerative BiologyKing's College LondonLondonSE1 9RTUK
| | - Tracy T. L. Yu
- Centre for Craniofacial and Regenerative BiologyKing's College LondonLondonSE1 9RTUK
| | - Eileen Gentleman
- Centre for Craniofacial and Regenerative BiologyKing's College LondonLondonSE1 9RTUK
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Huang X, Hou Y, Zhong L, Huang D, Qian H, Karperien M, Chen W. Promoted Chondrogenesis of Cocultured Chondrocytes and Mesenchymal Stem Cells under Hypoxia Using In-situ Forming Degradable Hydrogel Scaffolds. Biomacromolecules 2017; 19:94-102. [PMID: 29211452 DOI: 10.1021/acs.biomac.7b01271] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
We investigated the effects of different oxygen tension (21% and 2.5% O2) on the chondrogenesis of different cell systems cultured in pH-degradable PVA hydrogels, including human articular chondrocytes (hACs), human mesenchymal stem cells (hMSCs), and their cocultures with a hAC/hMSC ratio of 20/80. These hydrogels were prepared with vinyl ether acrylate-functionalized PVA (PVA-VEA) and thiolated PVA-VEA (PVA-VEA-SH) via Michael-type addition reaction. The rheology tests determined the gelation of the hydrogels was controlled within 2-7 min, dependent on the polymer concentrations. The different cell systems were cultured in the hydrogel scaffolds for 5 weeks, and the safranin O and GAG assay showed that hypoxia (2.5% O2) greatly promoted the cartilage matrix production with an order of hAC > hAC/hMSC > hMSC. The real time quantitative PCR (RT-PCR) revealed that the hMSC group exhibited the highest hypertrophic marker gene expression (COL10A1, ALPL, MMP13) as well as the dedifferentiated marker gene expression (COL1A1) under normoxia conditions (21% O2), while these expressions were greatly inhibited by coculturing with a 20% amount of hACs and significantly further repressed under hypoxia conditions, which was comparative to the sole hAC group. The enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) also showed that coculture of hMSC/hAC greatly reduced the catabolic gene expression of MMP1 and MMP3 compared with the hMSC group. It is obvious that the hypoxia conditions promoted the chondrogenesis of hMSC by adding a small amount of hACs, and also effectively inhibited their hypotrophy. We are convinced that coculture of hAC/hMSC using in situ forming hydrogel scaffolds is a promising approach to producing cell source for cartilage engineering without the huge needs of primary chondrocyte harvest and expansion.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaobin Huang
- Department of Developmental BioEngineering, MIRA-Institute for Biomedical Technology and Technical Medicine, Faculty of Science and Technology, University of Twente , P.O. Box 217, 7500 AE Enschede, The Netherlands
| | - Yong Hou
- Institute of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Freie Universität Berlin , Takustrasse 3, Berlin 14195, Germany
| | - LeiLei Zhong
- Department of Developmental BioEngineering, MIRA-Institute for Biomedical Technology and Technical Medicine, Faculty of Science and Technology, University of Twente , P.O. Box 217, 7500 AE Enschede, The Netherlands
| | - Dechun Huang
- Department of Pharmaceutical Engineering, School of Engineering, China Pharmaceutical University , Nanjing 210009, People's Republic of China
| | - Hongliang Qian
- Department of Pharmaceutical Engineering, School of Engineering, China Pharmaceutical University , Nanjing 210009, People's Republic of China
| | - Marcel Karperien
- Department of Developmental BioEngineering, MIRA-Institute for Biomedical Technology and Technical Medicine, Faculty of Science and Technology, University of Twente , P.O. Box 217, 7500 AE Enschede, The Netherlands
| | - Wei Chen
- Department of Pharmaceutical Engineering, School of Engineering, China Pharmaceutical University , Nanjing 210009, People's Republic of China.,Institute of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Freie Universität Berlin , Takustrasse 3, Berlin 14195, Germany
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Sánchez-Téllez DA, Téllez-Jurado L, Rodríguez-Lorenzo LM. Hydrogels for Cartilage Regeneration, from Polysaccharides to Hybrids. Polymers (Basel) 2017; 9:E671. [PMID: 30965974 PMCID: PMC6418920 DOI: 10.3390/polym9120671] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/14/2017] [Revised: 11/24/2017] [Accepted: 11/29/2017] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
The aims of this paper are: (1) to review the current state of the art in the field of cartilage substitution and regeneration; (2) to examine the patented biomaterials being used in preclinical and clinical stages; (3) to explore the potential of polymeric hydrogels for these applications and the reasons that hinder their clinical success. The studies about hydrogels used as potential biomaterials selected for this review are divided into the two major trends in tissue engineering: (1) the use of cell-free biomaterials; and (2) the use of cell seeded biomaterials. Preparation techniques and resulting hydrogel properties are also reviewed. More recent proposals, based on the combination of different polymers and the hybridization process to improve the properties of these materials, are also reviewed. The combination of elements such as scaffolds (cellular solids), matrices (hydrogel-based), growth factors and mechanical stimuli is needed to optimize properties of the required materials in order to facilitate tissue formation, cartilage regeneration and final clinical application. Polymer combinations and hybrids are the most promising materials for this application. Hybrid scaffolds may maximize cell growth and local tissue integration by forming cartilage-like tissue with biomimetic features.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniela Anahí Sánchez-Téllez
- Instituto Politécnico Nacional-ESIQIE, Depto. Ing. en Metalurgia y Materiales, UPALM-Zacatenco, Mexico City 07738, Mexico.
- Networking Biomedical Research Centre in Bioengineering, Biomaterials and Nanomedicine, Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red-Bioingeniería, Biomateriales y Nanomedicina (CIBER-BBN), Av. Monforte de Lemos 3-5, Pabellón 11, Planta 0, 28029 Madrid, Spain.
| | - Lucía Téllez-Jurado
- Instituto Politécnico Nacional-ESIQIE, Depto. Ing. en Metalurgia y Materiales, UPALM-Zacatenco, Mexico City 07738, Mexico.
| | - Luís María Rodríguez-Lorenzo
- Networking Biomedical Research Centre in Bioengineering, Biomaterials and Nanomedicine, Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red-Bioingeniería, Biomateriales y Nanomedicina (CIBER-BBN), Av. Monforte de Lemos 3-5, Pabellón 11, Planta 0, 28029 Madrid, Spain.
- Department Polymeric Nanomaterials and Biomaterials, ICTP-CSIC, Juan de la Cierva 3, 28006 Madrid, Spain.
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