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Abdal Dayem A, Lee SB, Lim KM, Kim A, Shin HJ, Vellingiri B, Kim YB, Cho SG. Bioactive peptides for boosting stem cell culture platform: Methods and applications. Biomed Pharmacother 2023; 160:114376. [PMID: 36764131 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2023.114376] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2022] [Revised: 02/02/2023] [Accepted: 02/03/2023] [Indexed: 02/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Peptides, short protein fragments, can emulate the functions of their full-length native counterparts. Peptides are considered potent recombinant protein alternatives due to their specificity, high stability, low production cost, and ability to be easily tailored and immobilized. Stem cell proliferation and differentiation processes are orchestrated by an intricate interaction between numerous growth factors and proteins and their target receptors and ligands. Various growth factors, functional proteins, and cellular matrix-derived peptides efficiently enhance stem cell adhesion, proliferation, and directed differentiation. For that, peptides can be immobilized on a culture plate or conjugated to scaffolds, such as hydrogels or synthetic matrices. In this review, we assess the applications of a variety of peptides in stem cell adhesion, culture, organoid assembly, proliferation, and differentiation, describing the shortcomings of recombinant proteins and their full-length counterparts. Furthermore, we discuss the challenges of peptide applications in stem cell culture and materials design, as well as provide a brief outlook on future directions to advance peptide applications in boosting stem cell quality and scalability for clinical applications in tissue regeneration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ahmed Abdal Dayem
- Department of Stem Cell and Regenerative Biotechnology, KU Convergence Science and Technology Institute, Konkuk University, Seoul 05029, Republic of Korea
| | - Soo Bin Lee
- Department of Stem Cell and Regenerative Biotechnology, KU Convergence Science and Technology Institute, Konkuk University, Seoul 05029, Republic of Korea
| | - Kyung Min Lim
- Department of Stem Cell and Regenerative Biotechnology, KU Convergence Science and Technology Institute, Konkuk University, Seoul 05029, Republic of Korea; R&D Team, StemExOne co., ltd. 303, Life Science Bldg, 120 Neungdong-ro, Gwangjin-gu, Seoul 05029, Republic of Korea
| | - Aram Kim
- Department of Urology, Konkuk University Medical Center, Konkuk University School of Medicine, Seoul 05029, Republic of Korea; R&D Team, StemExOne co., ltd. 303, Life Science Bldg, 120 Neungdong-ro, Gwangjin-gu, Seoul 05029, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyun Jin Shin
- Department of Ophthalmology, Research Institute of Medical Science, Konkuk University Medical Center, Konkuk University School of Medicine, Seoul 05029, Republic of Korea; R&D Team, StemExOne co., ltd. 303, Life Science Bldg, 120 Neungdong-ro, Gwangjin-gu, Seoul 05029, Republic of Korea
| | - Balachandar Vellingiri
- Stem cell and Regenerative Medicine/Translational Research, Department of Zoology, School of Basic Sciences, Central University of Punjab (CUPB), Bathinda 151401, Punjab, India
| | - Young Bong Kim
- Department of Biomedical Science & Engineering, KU Convergence Science and Technology Institute, Konkuk University, Seoul 05029, Republic of Korea
| | - Ssang-Goo Cho
- Department of Stem Cell and Regenerative Biotechnology, KU Convergence Science and Technology Institute, Konkuk University, Seoul 05029, Republic of Korea; R&D Team, StemExOne co., ltd. 303, Life Science Bldg, 120 Neungdong-ro, Gwangjin-gu, Seoul 05029, Republic of Korea.
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2
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Xu F, Zheng Z, Yao M, Zhu F, Shen T, Li J, Zhu C, Yang T, Shao M, Wan Z, Fang C. A regulatory mechanism of a stepwise osteogenesis-mimicking decellularized extracellular matrix on the osteogenic differentiation of bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells. J Mater Chem B 2022; 10:6171-6180. [PMID: 35766339 DOI: 10.1039/d2tb00721e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
A cell-derived decellularized extracellular matrix (dECM) plays a vital role in controlling cell functions because of its similarity to the in vivo microenvironment. In the process of stem cell differentiation, the composition of the dECM is not constant but is dynamically remolded. However, there is little information regarding the dynamic regulation by the dECM of the osteogenic differentiation of stem cells. Herein, four types of stepwise dECMs (0, 7, 14, and 21 d-ECM) were prepared from bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells (BMSCs) undergoing osteogenic differentiation for 0, 7, 14, and 21 days after decellularization. In vitro experiments were designed to study the regulation of BMSC osteogenesis by dECMs. The results showed that all the dECMs could support the activity and proliferation of BMSCs but had different effects on their osteogenic differentiation. The 14d-ECM promoted the osteogenesis of BMSCs significantly compared with the other dECMs. Proteomic analysis demonstrated that the composition of dECMs changed over time. The 14d ECM had higher amounts of collagen type IV alpha 2 chain (COL4A2) than the other dECMs. Furthermore, COL4A2 was obviously enriched in the activated focal adhesion kinase (FAK)/phosphatidylinositol-4,5-bisphosphate 3-kinase (PI3K)/protein kinase B (AKT) signaling pathways. Thus, the 14d-ECM could promote the osteogenic differentiation of BMSCs, which might be related to the high content of COL4A2 in the 14d-ECM by activating the FAK/PI3K/AKT signaling pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fei Xu
- Department of Stomatology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, P. R. China. .,Research Center of Oral and Maxillofacial Tumor, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China.,Institute of Oral Precancerous Lesions, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Ziran Zheng
- Department of Stomatology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, P. R. China. .,Research Center of Oral and Maxillofacial Tumor, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China.,Institute of Oral Precancerous Lesions, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Mianfeng Yao
- Department of Stomatology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, P. R. China. .,Research Center of Oral and Maxillofacial Tumor, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China.,Institute of Oral Precancerous Lesions, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Feiya Zhu
- Department of Stomatology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, P. R. China.
| | - Ting Shen
- Department of Stomatology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, P. R. China.
| | - Jiang Li
- Department of Stomatology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, P. R. China. .,Research Center of Oral and Maxillofacial Tumor, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China.,Institute of Oral Precancerous Lesions, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Chao Zhu
- Department of Stomatology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, P. R. China. .,Research Center of Oral and Maxillofacial Tumor, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China.,Institute of Oral Precancerous Lesions, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Tianru Yang
- Department of Stomatology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, P. R. China.
| | - Mengying Shao
- Department of Stomatology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, P. R. China.
| | - Zicheng Wan
- Department of Vascular Surgery, The Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Changyun Fang
- Department of Stomatology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, P. R. China. .,Research Center of Oral and Maxillofacial Tumor, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China.,Institute of Oral Precancerous Lesions, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
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Kim A, Lee KG, Kwon Y, Lee KI, Yang HM, Habib O, Kim J, Kim ST, Kim SJ, Kim JS, Hwang DY. Off-the-Shelf, Immune-Compatible Human Embryonic Stem Cells Generated Via CRISPR-Mediated Genome Editing. Stem Cell Rev Rep 2021; 17:1053-1067. [PMID: 33423156 PMCID: PMC8166669 DOI: 10.1007/s12015-020-10113-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 12/26/2020] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
Abstract
Human embryonic stem cells (hESCs) hold promise in regenerative medicine but allogeneic immune rejections caused by highly polymorphic human leukocyte antigens (HLAs) remain a barrier to their clinical applications. Here, we used a CRISPR/Cas9-mediated HLA-editing strategy to generate a variety of HLA homozygous-like hESC lines from pre-established hESC lines. We edited four pre-established HLA-heterozygous hESC lines and created a mini library of 14 HLA-edited hESC lines in which single HLA-A and HLA-B alleles and both HLA-DR alleles are disrupted. The HLA-edited hESC derivatives elicited both low T cell- and low NK cell-mediated immune responses. Our library would cover about 40% of the Asian-Pacific population. We estimate that HLA-editing of only 19 pre-established hESC lines would give rise to 46 different hESC lines to cover 90% of the Asian-Pacific population. This study offers an opportunity to generate an off-the-shelf HLA-compatible hESC bank, available for immune-compatible cell transplantation, without embryo destruction. Graphical Abstract.
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Affiliation(s)
- Annie Kim
- Center for Genome Engineering, Institute for Basic Science, Seoul, Republic of Korea.,Department of Chemistry, Seoul National University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Kun-Gu Lee
- Department of Biomedical Science, Graduate School of CHA University, Seongnam, South Korea
| | - Yeongbeen Kwon
- Samsung Advanced Institute for Health Sciences & Technology(SAIHST), Graduate School, Department of Health Sciences & Technology, Sungkyunkwan University, Seoul, South Korea.,Transplantation Research Center, Samsung Biomedical Research Institute, Samsung Medical Center, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Kang-In Lee
- Department of Biomedical Science, Graduate School of CHA University, Seongnam, South Korea.,ToolGen, Inc., Seoul, South Korea
| | - Heung-Mo Yang
- Transplantation Research Center, Samsung Biomedical Research Institute, Samsung Medical Center, Seoul, Republic of Korea.,GenNbio Inc., Seoul, South Korea.,Department of Medicine, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Suwon, South Korea
| | - Omer Habib
- Department of Chemistry, Seoul National University, Seoul, Republic of Korea.,Department of Chemistry, Hanyang University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | | | - Sang-Tae Kim
- Center for Genome Engineering, Institute for Basic Science, Seoul, Republic of Korea.,Department of Life Sciences, The Catholic University of Korea, Bucheon-si, Gyeonggi-do, South Korea
| | - Sung Joo Kim
- Transplantation Research Center, Samsung Biomedical Research Institute, Samsung Medical Center, Seoul, Republic of Korea.,GenNbio Inc., Seoul, South Korea.,Department of Medicine, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Suwon, South Korea
| | - Jin-Soo Kim
- Center for Genome Engineering, Institute for Basic Science, Seoul, Republic of Korea. .,Department of Chemistry, Seoul National University, Seoul, Republic of Korea.
| | - Dong-Youn Hwang
- Department of Biomedical Science, Graduate School of CHA University, Seongnam, South Korea.
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Minimal contribution of IP 3R2 in cardiac differentiation and derived ventricular-like myocytes from human embryonic stem cells. Acta Pharmacol Sin 2020; 41:1576-1586. [PMID: 33037404 DOI: 10.1038/s41401-020-00528-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/14/2020] [Accepted: 09/03/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Type 2 inositol 1,4,5-trisphosphate receptor (IP3R2) regulates the intracellular Ca2+ release from endoplasmic reticulum in human embryonic stem cells (hESCs), cardiovascular progenitor cells (CVPCs), and mammalian cardiomyocytes. However, the role of IP3R2 in human cardiac development is unknown and its function in mammalian cardiomyocytes is controversial. hESC-derived cardiomyocytes have unique merits in disease modeling, cell therapy, and drug screening. Therefore, understanding the role of IP3R2 in the generation and function of human cardiomyocytes would be valuable for the application of hESC-derived cardiomyocytes. In the current study, we investigated the role of IP3R2 in the differentiation of hESCs to cardiomyocytes and in the hESC-derived cardiomyocytes. By using IP3R2 knockout (IP3R2KO) hESCs, we showed that IP3R2KO did not affect the self-renewal of hESCs as well as the differentiation ability of hESCs into CVPCs and cardiomyocytes. Furthermore, we demonstrated the ventricular-like myocyte characteristics of hESC-derived cardiomyocytes. Under the α1-adrenergic stimulation by phenylephrine (10 μmol/L), the amplitude and maximum rate of depolarization of action potential (AP) were slightly affected in the IP3R2KO hESC-derived cardiomyocytes at differentiation day 90, whereas the other parameters of APs and the Ca2+ transients did not show significant changes compared with these in the wide-type ones. These results demonstrate that IP3R2 has minimal contribution to the differentiation and function of human cardiomyocytes derived from hESCs, thus provide the new knowledge to the function of IP3R2 in the generation of human cardiac lineage cells and in the early cardiomyocytes.
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Qiu J, Nordling S, Vasavada HH, Butcher EC, Hirschi KK. Retinoic Acid Promotes Endothelial Cell Cycle Early G1 State to Enable Human Hemogenic Endothelial Cell Specification. Cell Rep 2020; 33:108465. [PMID: 33264627 PMCID: PMC8105879 DOI: 10.1016/j.celrep.2020.108465] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/18/2020] [Revised: 08/27/2020] [Accepted: 11/10/2020] [Indexed: 12/01/2022] Open
Abstract
Development of blood-forming (hemogenic) endothelial cells that give rise to hematopoietic stem and progenitor cells (HSPCs) is critical during embryogenesis to generate the embryonic and postnatal hematopoietic system. We previously demonstrated that the specification of murine hemogenic endothelial cells is promoted by retinoic acid (RA) signaling and requires downstream endothelial cell cycle control. Whether this mechanism is conserved in human hemogenic endothelial cell specification is unknown. Here, we present a protocol to derive primordial endothelial cells from human embryonic stem cells and promote their specification toward hemogenic endothelial cells. Furthermore, we demonstrate that RA treatment significantly increases human hemogenic endothelial cell specification. That is, RA promotes endothelial cell cycle arrest to enable RA-induced instructive signals to upregulate the genes needed for hematopoietic transition. These insights provide guidance for the ex vivo generation of autologous human hemogenic endothelial cells that are needed to produce human HSPCs for regenerative medicine applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jingyao Qiu
- Department of Medicine, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT 06520, USA; Department of Genetics, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT 06520, USA; Yale Cardiovascular Research Center, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT 06520, USA; Vascular Biology and Therapeutics Program, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT 06520, USA; Yale Stem Cell Center, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT 06520, USA
| | - Sofia Nordling
- Laboratory of Immunology and Vascular Biology, Department of Pathology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
| | - Hema H Vasavada
- Yale Cardiovascular Research Center, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT 06520, USA
| | - Eugene C Butcher
- Laboratory of Immunology and Vascular Biology, Department of Pathology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA 94305, USA; Palo Alto Veterans Institute for Research, VA Palo Alto Health Care System, Palo Alto, CA 94304, USA; The Center for Molecular Biology and Medicine, VA Palo Alto Health Care System, Palo Alto, CA 94304, USA
| | - Karen K Hirschi
- Department of Medicine, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT 06520, USA; Department of Genetics, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT 06520, USA; Yale Cardiovascular Research Center, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT 06520, USA; Vascular Biology and Therapeutics Program, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT 06520, USA; Yale Stem Cell Center, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT 06520, USA; Department of Cell Biology, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA 22908, USA.
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6
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Kolagar TA, Farzaneh M, Nikkar N, Khoshnam SE. Human Pluripotent Stem Cells in Neurodegenerative Diseases: Potentials, Advances and Limitations. Curr Stem Cell Res Ther 2020; 15:102-110. [PMID: 31441732 DOI: 10.2174/1574888x14666190823142911] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/06/2019] [Revised: 06/15/2019] [Accepted: 07/17/2019] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Neurodegenerative diseases are progressive and uncontrolled gradual loss of motor neurons function or death of neuron cells in the central nervous system (CNS) and the mechanisms underlying their progressive nature remain elusive. There is urgent need to investigate therapeutic strategies and novel treatments for neural regeneration in disorders like Alzheimer's disease (AD), Parkinson's disease (PD), amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS), and multiple sclerosis (MS). Currently, the development and identification of pluripotent stem cells enabling the acquisition of a large number of neural cells in order to improve cell recovery after neurodegenerative disorders. Pluripotent stem cells which consist of embryonic stem cells (ESCs) and induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs) are characterized by their ability to indefinitely self-renew and the capacity to differentiate into different types of cells. The first human ESC lines were established from donated human embryos; while, because of a limited supply of donor embryos, human ESCs derivation remains ethically and politically controversial. Hence, hiPSCs-based therapies have been shown as an effective replacement for human ESCs without embryo destruction. Compared to the invasive methods for derivation of human ESCs, human iPSCs has opened possible to reprogram patient-specific cells by defined factors and with minimally invasive procedures. Human pluripotent stem cells are a good source for cell-based research, cell replacement therapies and disease modeling. To date, hundreds of human ESC and human iPSC lines have been generated with the aim of treating various neurodegenerative diseases. In this review, we have highlighted the recent potentials, advances, and limitations of human pluripotent stem cells for the treatment of neurodegenerative disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tannaz Akbari Kolagar
- Faculty of Biological Sciences, Tehran North Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Maryam Farzaneh
- Department of Stem Cells and Developmental Biology, Cell Science Research Center, Royan Institute for Stem Cell Biology and Technology, ACECR, Tehran, Iran
| | - Negin Nikkar
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Sciences, Alzahra University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Seyed Esmaeil Khoshnam
- Physiology Research Center, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran
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Isolation, Culture, and Functional Characterization of Human Embryonic Stem Cells: Current Trends and Challenges. Stem Cells Int 2018; 2018:1429351. [PMID: 30254679 PMCID: PMC6142731 DOI: 10.1155/2018/1429351] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2018] [Revised: 07/19/2018] [Accepted: 07/30/2018] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Human embryonic stem cells (hESCs) hold great potential for the treatment of various degenerative diseases. Pluripotent hESCs have a great ability to undergo unlimited self-renewal in culture and to differentiate into all cell types in the body. The journey of hESC research is not that smooth, as it has faced several challenges which are limited to not only tumor formation and immunorejection but also social, ethical, and political aspects. The isolation of hESCs from the human embryo is considered highly objectionable as it requires the destruction of the human embryo. The issue was debated and discussed in both public and government platforms, which led to banning of hESC research in many countries around the world. The banning has negatively affected the progress of hESC research as many federal governments around the world stopped research funding. Afterward, some countries lifted the ban and allowed the funding in hESC research, but the damage has already been done on the progress of research. Under these unfavorable conditions, still some progress was made to isolate, culture, and characterize hESCs using different strategies. In this review, we have summarized various strategies used to successfully isolate, culture, and characterize hESCs. Finally, hESCs hold a great promise for clinical applications with proper strategies to minimize the teratoma formation and immunorejection and better cell transplantation strategies.
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Celik C, Mogal VT, Hui JHP, Loh XJ, Toh WS. Injectable Hydrogels for Cartilage Regeneration. GELS HORIZONS: FROM SCIENCE TO SMART MATERIALS 2018. [DOI: 10.1007/978-981-10-6077-9_12] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
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9
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Yin C, Fufa T, Chandrasekar G, Aeluri M, Zaky V, Abdelhady S, Rodríguez AB, Jakobsson J, Varnoosfaderani FS, Mahalingam J, Liu J, Larsson O, Hovatta O, Gaunitz F, Göndör A, Andäng M, Kitambi SS. Phenotypic Screen Identifies a Small Molecule Modulating ERK2 and Promoting Stem Cell Proliferation. Front Pharmacol 2017; 8:726. [PMID: 29114221 PMCID: PMC5660848 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2017.00726] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/05/2017] [Accepted: 09/27/2017] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Stem cells display a fundamentally different mechanism of proliferation control when compared to somatic cells. Uncovering these mechanisms would maximize the impact in drug discovery with a higher translational applicability. The unbiased approach used in phenotype-based drug discovery (PDD) programs can offer a unique opportunity to identify such novel biological phenomenon. Here, we describe an integrated phenotypic screening approach, employing a combination of in vitro and in vivo PDD models to identify a small molecule increasing stem cell proliferation. We demonstrate that a combination of both in vitro and in vivo screening models improves hit identification and reproducibility of effects across various PDD models. Using cell viability and colony size phenotype measurement we characterize the structure activity relationship of the lead molecule, and identify that the small molecule inhibits phosphorylation of ERK2 and promotes stem cell proliferation. This study demonstrates a PDD approach that employs combinatorial models to identify compounds promoting stem cell proliferation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chang Yin
- Department of Microbiology, Tumor and Cell Biology, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden.,Department of Oncology-Pathology, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Temesgen Fufa
- Department of Microbiology, Tumor and Cell Biology, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden.,Klinik und Poliklinik für Neurochirurgie, Universitätsklinikum Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Gayathri Chandrasekar
- Department of Microbiology, Tumor and Cell Biology, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden.,Department of Biosciences and Nutrition, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Madhu Aeluri
- Department of Microbiology, Tumor and Cell Biology, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden.,Dr. Reddy's Institute of Life Sciences, University of Hyderabad Campus, Hyderabad, India
| | - Verina Zaky
- Department of Microbiology, Tumor and Cell Biology, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Shaimaa Abdelhady
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Antonio B Rodríguez
- Department of Medical Biochemistry and Biophysics, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Johan Jakobsson
- Department of Medical Biochemistry and Biophysics, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | | | | | - Jianping Liu
- Department of Medical Biochemistry and Biophysics, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Olle Larsson
- Department of Oncology-Pathology, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Outi Hovatta
- Division of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Department of Clinical Sciences, Intervention and Technology, Karolinska Institutet, Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Frank Gaunitz
- Klinik und Poliklinik für Neurochirurgie, Universitätsklinikum Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Anita Göndör
- Department of Oncology-Pathology, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Michael Andäng
- Dr. Reddy's Institute of Life Sciences, University of Hyderabad Campus, Hyderabad, India
| | - Satish S Kitambi
- Department of Microbiology, Tumor and Cell Biology, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
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10
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Zou Y, Tong HJ, Li M, Tan KS, Cao T. Telomere length is regulated by FGF-2 in human embryonic stem cells and affects the life span of its differentiated progenies. Biogerontology 2016; 18:69-84. [DOI: 10.1007/s10522-016-9662-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/08/2016] [Accepted: 10/13/2016] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
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11
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Innate Immune Response of Human Embryonic Stem Cell-Derived Fibroblasts and Mesenchymal Stem Cells to Periodontopathogens. Stem Cells Int 2016; 2016:8905365. [PMID: 27642305 PMCID: PMC5014959 DOI: 10.1155/2016/8905365] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/26/2016] [Revised: 05/04/2016] [Accepted: 05/18/2016] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Periodontitis involves complex interplay of bacteria and host immune response resulting in destruction of supporting tissues of the tooth. Toll-like receptors (TLRs) play a role in recognizing microbial pathogens and eliciting an innate immune response. Recently, the potential application of multipotent stem cells and pluripotent stem cells including human embryonic stem cells (hESCs) in periodontal regenerative therapy has been proposed. However, little is known about the impact of periodontopathogens on hESC-derived progenies. This study investigates the effects of heat-killed periodontopathogens, namely, Porphyromonas gingivalis and Aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans, on TLR and cytokine expression profile of hESC-derived progenies, namely, fibroblasts (hESC-Fib) and mesenchymal stem cells (hESC-MSCs). Additionally, the serotype-dependent effect of A. actinomycetemcomitans on hESC-derived progenies was explored. Both hESC-Fib and hESC-MSCs constitutively expressed TLR-2 and TLR-4. hESC-Fib upon exposure to periodontopathogens displayed upregulation of TLRs and release of cytokines (IL-1β, IL-6, and IL-8). In contrast, hESC-MSCs were largely nonresponsive to bacterial challenge, especially in terms of cytokine production. Further, exposure of hESC-Fib to A. actinomycetemcomitans serotype c was associated with higher IL-8 production than serotype b. In contrast, the hESC-MSCs displayed no serotype-dependent response. Differential response of the two hESC progenies implies a phenotype-dependent response to periodontopathogens and supports the concept of immunomodulatory properties of MSCs.
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Wu Y, Sriram G, Fawzy AS, Fuh JYH, Rosa V, Cao T, Wong YS. Fabrication and evaluation of electrohydrodynamic jet 3D printed polycaprolactone/chitosan cell carriers using human embryonic stem cell-derived fibroblasts. J Biomater Appl 2016; 31:181-92. [DOI: 10.1177/0885328216652537] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Biological function of adherent cells depends on the cell–cell and cell–matrix interactions in three-dimensional space. To understand the behavior of cells in 3D environment and their interactions with neighboring cells and matrix requires 3D culture systems. Here, we present a novel 3D cell carrier scaffold that provides an environment for routine 3D cell growth in vitro. We have developed thin, mechanically stable electrohydrodynamic jet (E-jet) 3D printed polycaprolactone and polycaprolactone/Chitosan macroporous scaffolds with precise fiber orientation for basic 3D cell culture application. We have evaluated the application of this technology by growing human embryonic stem cell-derived fibroblasts within these 3D scaffolds. Assessment of cell viability and proliferation of cells seeded on polycaprolactone and polycaprolactone/Chitosan 3D-scaffolds show that the human embryonic stem cell-derived fibroblasts could adhere and proliferate on the scaffolds over time. Further, using confocal microscopy we demonstrate the ability to use fluorescence-labelled cells that could be microscopically monitored in real-time. Hence, these 3D printed polycaprolactone and polycaprolactone/Chitosan scaffolds could be used as a cell carrier for in vitro 3D cell culture-, bioreactor- and tissue engineering-related applications in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yang Wu
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Gopu Sriram
- Oral Sciences, Faculty of Dentistry, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
- Institute of Medical Biology, Agency for Science, Technology and Research (A*STAR), Singapore, Singapore
| | - Amr S Fawzy
- Oral Sciences, Faculty of Dentistry, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Jerry YH Fuh
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
- National University of Singapore (Suzhou) Research Institute, Suzhou Industrial Park, Suzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Vinicius Rosa
- Oral Sciences, Faculty of Dentistry, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Tong Cao
- Oral Sciences, Faculty of Dentistry, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
- Tissue Engineering Program, Life Sciences Institute, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Yoke San Wong
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
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13
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Sriram G, Tan JY, Islam I, Rufaihah AJ, Cao T. Efficient differentiation of human embryonic stem cells to arterial and venous endothelial cells under feeder- and serum-free conditions. Stem Cell Res Ther 2015; 6:261. [PMID: 26718617 PMCID: PMC4697311 DOI: 10.1186/s13287-015-0260-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 75] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2015] [Revised: 08/25/2015] [Accepted: 08/26/2015] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Heterogeneity of endothelial cells (ECs) is a hallmark of the vascular system which may impact the development and management of vascular disorders. Despite the tremendous progress in differentiation of human embryonic stem cells (hESCs) towards endothelial lineage, differentiation into arterial and venous endothelial phenotypes remains elusive. Additionally, current differentiation strategies are hampered by inefficiency, lack of reproducibility, and use of animal-derived products. Methods To direct the differentiation of hESCs to endothelial subtypes, H1- and H9-hESCs were seeded on human plasma fibronectin and differentiated under chemically defined conditions by sequential modulation of glycogen synthase kinase-3 (GSK-3), basic fibroblast growth factor (bFGF), bone morphogenetic protein 4 (BMP4) and vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) signaling pathways for 5 days. Following the initial differentiation, the endothelial progenitor cells (CD34+CD31+ cells) were sorted and terminally differentiated under serum-free conditions to arterial and venous ECs. The transcriptome and secretome profiles of the two distinct populations of hESC-derived arterial and venous ECs were characterized. Furthermore, the safety and functionality of these cells upon in vivo transplantation were characterized. Results Sequential modulation of hESCs with GSK-3 inhibitor, bFGF, BMP4 and VEGF resulted in stages reminiscent of primitive streak, early mesoderm/lateral plate mesoderm, and endothelial progenitors under feeder- and serum-free conditions. Furthermore, these endothelial progenitors demonstrated differentiation potential to almost pure populations of arterial and venous endothelial phenotypes under serum-free conditions. Specifically, the endothelial progenitors differentiated to venous ECs in the absence of VEGF, and to arterial phenotype under low concentrations of VEGF. Additionally, these hESC-derived arterial and venous ECs showed distinct molecular and functional profiles in vitro. Furthermore, these hESC-derived arterial and venous ECs were nontumorigenic and were functional in terms of forming perfused microvascular channels upon subcutaneous implantation in the mouse. Conclusions We report a simple, rapid, and efficient protocol for directed differentiation of hESCs into endothelial progenitor cells capable of differentiation to arterial and venous ECs under feeder-free and serum-free conditions. This could offer a human platform to study arterial–venous specification for various applications related to drug discovery, disease modeling and regenerative medicine in the future. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (doi:10.1186/s13287-015-0260-5) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gopu Sriram
- Oral Sciences Disciplines, Faculty of Dentistry, National University of Singapore, Singapore, 119083, Singapore. .,Institute of Medical Biology, Agency for Science, Technology and Research (A*STAR), 8A Biomedical Groove, #06-06 Immunos, Singapore, 138648, Singapore.
| | - Jia Yong Tan
- Oral Sciences Disciplines, Faculty of Dentistry, National University of Singapore, Singapore, 119083, Singapore.
| | - Intekhab Islam
- Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery Disciplines, Faculty of Dentistry, National University of Singapore, Singapore, 119083, Singapore.
| | - Abdul Jalil Rufaihah
- Cardiac, Thoracic and Vascular Surgery (CTVS) Laboratory, Department of Surgery, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore, 117510, Singapore. .,Singapore-Technion Alliance For Research and Technology (START) Regenerative Medicine Laboratory, Campus for Research Excellence And Technological Enterprise (CREATE), Singapore, 138602, Singapore.
| | - Tong Cao
- Oral Sciences Disciplines, Faculty of Dentistry, National University of Singapore, Singapore, 119083, Singapore. .,NUS Graduate School for Integrative Science and Engineering, Singapore, 117456, Singapore. .,Tissue Engineering Program, Life Sciences Institute, National University of Singapore, Singapore, 117456, Singapore.
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14
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Movahednia MM, Kidwai FK, Jokhun DS, Squier CA, Toh WS, Cao T. Potential applications of keratinocytes derived from human embryonic stem cells. Biotechnol J 2015; 11:58-70. [PMID: 26663861 DOI: 10.1002/biot.201500099] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/12/2015] [Revised: 08/13/2015] [Accepted: 10/19/2015] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Abstract
Although skin grafting is one of the most advanced cell therapy technique, wide application of skin substitutes is hampered by the difficulty in securing sufficient amount of epidermal substitute. Additionally, in understanding the progression of skin aging and disease, and in screening the cosmetic and pharmaceutical products, there is lack of a satisfactory human skin-specific in vitro model. Recently, human embryonic stem cells (hESCs) have been proposed as an unlimited and reliable cell source to obtain almost all cell types present in the human body. This review focuses on the potential off-the-shelf use of hESC-derived keratinocytes for future clinical applications as well as a powerful in vitro skin model to study skin function and integrity, host-pathogen interactions and disease pathogenesis. Furthermore, we discuss the industrial applications of hESC-derived keratinized multi-layer epithelium which provides a human-like test platform for understanding disease pathogenesis, evaluation of new therapeutic modalities and assessment of the safety and efficacy of skin cosmetics and therapeutics. Overall, we conclude that the hESC-derived keratinocytes have great potential for clinical, research and industrial applications.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Fahad K Kidwai
- Faculty of Dentistry, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Doorgesh S Jokhun
- Department of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Science, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Christopher A Squier
- Department of Oral Pathology, Radiology & Medicine, and Dows, College of Dentistry, The University of Iowa, Iowa City, Iowa, USA
| | - Wei Seong Toh
- Faculty of Dentistry, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore.,Tissue Engineering Program, Life Sciences Institute, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Tong Cao
- Faculty of Dentistry, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore. .,Tissue Engineering Program, Life Sciences Institute, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore. .,National University of Singapore Graduate School for Integrative Sciences and Engineering (NGS), Singapore, Singapore.
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15
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Yang Z, Dong P, Fu X, Li Q, Ma S, Wu D, Kang N, Liu X, Yan L, Xiao R. CD49f Acts as an Inflammation Sensor to Regulate Differentiation, Adhesion, and Migration of Human Mesenchymal Stem Cells. Stem Cells 2015; 33:2798-810. [PMID: 26013602 DOI: 10.1002/stem.2063] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2015] [Accepted: 04/20/2015] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
The advent of mesenchymal stem cell (MSC)-based therapies has been an exciting innovation for the treatment of degenerative and inflammatory diseases. However, the surface markers that accurately reflect the self-renewal and differentiation potential of MSCs and their sensitivity to environmental cues remain poorly defined. Here, we studied the role of CD49f in bone marrow MSCs (BMSCs) and the mechanism by which it regulates the behavior of BMSCs under inflammatory conditions. We found that CD49f is preferentially expressed in fetal cells rather than adult cells, CD49f-positive BMSCs possess higher CFU-F formation ability and differentiation potential than CD49f negative cells, and the CD49f expression of BMSCs gradually decreases during in vitro passaging. CD49f knockdown dramatically decreased the differentiation of BMSCs and isoform A was demonstrated to be the main functional form that enhanced the differentiation ability of BMSCs. The influences of inflammatory cytokines on BMSCs revealed that TNF-α downregulated CD49f in BMSCs with impaired differentiation, decreased adhesion to laminins, and increased migration. Moreover, tissue transglutaminase was found to work together with CD49f to regulate the behavior of BMSCs. Finally, we showed that mTOR signaling rather than NF-κB activation mediated CD49f downregulation induced by TNF-α and maintained CD49f homeostasis in BMSCs. Our findings suggest that CD49f is a stemness marker of BMSCs and is tightly correlated with the behavioral changes of BMSCs under inflammatory conditions. These data demonstrate a novel role for CD49f in sensing inflammation through mTOR pathway to further modulate the behavior of MSCs to fulfill the requirements of the body.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhigang Yang
- Research Center of Plastic Surgery Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union of Medical College, Beijing, People's Republic of China
| | - Ping Dong
- Research Center of Plastic Surgery Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union of Medical College, Beijing, People's Republic of China
| | - Xin Fu
- Research Center of Plastic Surgery Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union of Medical College, Beijing, People's Republic of China
| | - Qiuchen Li
- Research Center of Plastic Surgery Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union of Medical College, Beijing, People's Republic of China
| | - Shize Ma
- 307-Ivy Translational Medicine Center, Affiliated Hospital of Academy of Military Medical Sciences, Beijing, People's Republic of China
| | - Dongying Wu
- 307-Ivy Translational Medicine Center, Affiliated Hospital of Academy of Military Medical Sciences, Beijing, People's Republic of China
| | - Ning Kang
- Research Center of Plastic Surgery Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union of Medical College, Beijing, People's Republic of China
| | - Xia Liu
- Research Center of Plastic Surgery Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union of Medical College, Beijing, People's Republic of China
| | - Li Yan
- Research Center of Plastic Surgery Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union of Medical College, Beijing, People's Republic of China
| | - Ran Xiao
- Research Center of Plastic Surgery Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union of Medical College, Beijing, People's Republic of China
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16
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Movahednia MM, Kidwai FK, Zou Y, Tong HJ, Liu X, Islam I, Toh WS, Raghunath M, Cao T. Differential Effects of the Extracellular Microenvironment on Human Embryonic Stem Cell Differentiation into Keratinocytes and Their Subsequent Replicative Life Span. Tissue Eng Part A 2015; 21:1432-43. [DOI: 10.1089/ten.tea.2014.0551] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
| | - Fahad Karim Kidwai
- Faculty of Dentistry, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Yu Zou
- Faculty of Dentistry, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Huei Jinn Tong
- Faculty of Dentistry, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Xiaochen Liu
- Faculty of Dentistry, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
- School and Hospital of Stomatology, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Intekhab Islam
- Faculty of Dentistry, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Wei Seong Toh
- Faculty of Dentistry, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
- National University of Singapore Tissue Engineering Program (NUSTEP), Life Sciences Institute, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Michael Raghunath
- National University of Singapore Tissue Engineering Program (NUSTEP), Life Sciences Institute, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
- Department of Biochemistry, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Tong Cao
- Faculty of Dentistry, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
- National University of Singapore Tissue Engineering Program (NUSTEP), Life Sciences Institute, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
- National University of Singapore Graduate School for Integrative Sciences and Engineering (NGS), Singapore, Singapore
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17
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Desai N, Rambhia P, Gishto A. Human embryonic stem cell cultivation: historical perspective and evolution of xeno-free culture systems. Reprod Biol Endocrinol 2015; 13:9. [PMID: 25890180 PMCID: PMC4351689 DOI: 10.1186/s12958-015-0005-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 60] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2014] [Accepted: 02/09/2015] [Indexed: 01/23/2023] Open
Abstract
Human embryonic stem cells (hESC) have emerged as attractive candidates for cell-based therapies that are capable of restoring lost cell and tissue function. These unique cells are able to self-renew indefinitely and have the capacity to differentiate in to all three germ layers (ectoderm, endoderm and mesoderm). Harnessing the power of these pluripotent stem cells could potentially offer new therapeutic treatment options for a variety of medical conditions. Since the initial derivation of hESC lines in 1998, tremendous headway has been made in better understanding stem cell biology and culture requirements for maintenance of pluripotency. The approval of the first clinical trials of hESC cells for treatment of spinal cord injury and macular degeneration in 2010 marked the beginning of a new era in regenerative medicine. Yet it was clearly recognized that the clinical utility of hESC transplantation was still limited by several challenges. One of the most immediate issues has been the exposure of stem cells to animal pathogens, during hESC derivation and during in vitro propagation. Initial culture protocols used co-culture with inactivated mouse fibroblast feeder (MEF) or human feeder layers with fetal bovine serum or alternatively serum replacement proteins to support stem cell proliferation. Most hESC lines currently in use have been exposed to animal products, thus carrying the risk of xeno-transmitted infections and immune reaction. This mini review provides a historic perspective on human embryonic stem cell culture and the evolution of new culture models. We highlight the challenges and advances being made towards the development of xeno-free culture systems suitable for therapeutic applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nina Desai
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Cleveland Clinic, Beachwood, OH, USA.
| | - Pooja Rambhia
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Cleveland Clinic, Beachwood, OH, USA.
| | - Arsela Gishto
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Cleveland Clinic, Beachwood, OH, USA.
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18
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Fu X, Chen Y, Xie FN, Dong P, Liu WB, Cao Y, Zhang WJ, Xiao R. Comparison of immunological characteristics of mesenchymal stem cells derived from human embryonic stem cells and bone marrow. Tissue Eng Part A 2015; 21:616-26. [PMID: 25256849 DOI: 10.1089/ten.tea.2013.0651] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Mesenchymal stem cell (MSC) has great potential for both regenerative medicine and immunotherapy due to its multipotency and immunomodulatory property. The derivation of MSCs from human tissues involves an invasive procedure and the obtained MSCs often suffer from inconsistent quality. To overcome these issues, the approaches of deriving a highly potent and replenishable population of MSCs from human embryonic stem cells (hESCs) were established. However, few studies compared the immunological characteristics of MSCs derived from hESCs with tissue-derived MSCs or demonstrated differences and the underlying mechanisms. Here, we differentiated H9 hESCs into MSC-like cells (H9-MSCs) through an embryoid body outgrowth method and compared the immunological characteristics of H9-MSCs with bone marrow-derived MSCs (BMSCs). Both sources of derived cells exhibited typical MSC morphologies and surface marker expressions, as well as multipotency to differentiate into osteogenic and adipogenic lineages. A immunological characterization study showed that H9-MSCs and BMSCs had similar immunoprivileged properties without triggering allogeneic lymphocyte proliferation as well as equivalent immunosuppressive effects on T-cell proliferation induced by either cellular or mitogenic stimuli. Flow cytometry analysis revealed a lower expression of human major histocompatability complex class II molecule human lymphocyte antigen (HLA)-DR and a higher expression of coinhibitory molecule B7-H1 in H9-MSCs than in BMSCs. Interferon gamma (IFN-γ) is a proinflammatory cytokine that can induce the expression of HLA class II molecules in many cell types. Our results showed that pretreatment of H9-MSCs and BMSCs with IFN-γ did not change their immunogenicity and immunosuppressive abilities, but increased the difference between H9-MSCs and BMSCs for their expression of HLA-DR. Further detection of expression of molecules involved in IFN-γ signaling pathways suggested that the lower expression of HLA-DR in H9-MSCs could be partially attributed to the lower expression and the less nuclear translocation of its transcriptional factor CIITA. The present study provides evidence that the hESC-derived MSCs share similar immunogenicity and immunosuppressive abilities with BMSCs, but differ in the expression profile of immunological markers and the responsiveness to certain inflammatory cytokines, which suggests that H9-MSCs could be a safe and efficient candidate for MSC treatment in patients with inflammatory disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xin Fu
- 1 Research Center of Plastic Surgery Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Peking Union Medical College , Beijing, P.R. China
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19
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Higuchi A, Ling QD, Kumar SS, Munusamy M, Alarfajj AA, Umezawa A, Wu GJ. Design of polymeric materials for culturing human pluripotent stem cells: Progress toward feeder-free and xeno-free culturing. Prog Polym Sci 2014. [DOI: 10.1016/j.progpolymsci.2014.01.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
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20
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Advances in Mesenchymal Stem Cell-based Strategies for Cartilage Repair and Regeneration. Stem Cell Rev Rep 2014; 10:686-96. [DOI: 10.1007/s12015-014-9526-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 94] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
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21
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Lambshead JW, Meagher L, O'Brien C, Laslett AL. Defining synthetic surfaces for human pluripotent stem cell culture. CELL REGENERATION 2013; 2:7. [PMID: 25408879 PMCID: PMC4230363 DOI: 10.1186/2045-9769-2-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/25/2013] [Accepted: 11/19/2013] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
Human pluripotent stem cells (hPSCs) are able to self-renew indefinitely and to differentiate into all adult cell types. hPSCs therefore show potential for application to drug screening, disease modelling and cellular therapies. In order to meet this potential, culture conditions must be developed that are consistent, defined, scalable, free of animal products and that facilitate stable self-renewal of hPSCs. Several culture surfaces have recently been reported to meet many of these criteria although none of them have been widely implemented by the stem cell community due to issues with validation, reliability and expense. Most hPSC culture surfaces have been derived from extracellular matrix proteins (ECMPs) and their cell adhesion molecule (CAM) binding motifs. Elucidating the CAM-mediated cell-surface interactions that are essential for the in vitro maintenance of pluripotency will facilitate the optimisation of hPSC culture surfaces. Reports indicate that hPSC cultures can be supported by cell-surface interactions through certain CAM subtypes but not by others. This review summarises the recent reports of defined surfaces for hPSC culture and focuses on the CAMs and ECMPs involved.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jack W Lambshead
- CSIRO Materials Science and Engineering, Clayton, Victoria 3168 Australia ; Australian Regenerative Medicine Institute, Monash University, Kragujevac, Victoria 3800 Australia
| | - Laurence Meagher
- CSIRO Materials Science and Engineering, Clayton, Victoria 3168 Australia
| | - Carmel O'Brien
- CSIRO Materials Science and Engineering, Clayton, Victoria 3168 Australia ; Australian Regenerative Medicine Institute, Monash University, Kragujevac, Victoria 3800 Australia
| | - Andrew L Laslett
- CSIRO Materials Science and Engineering, Clayton, Victoria 3168 Australia ; Australian Regenerative Medicine Institute, Monash University, Kragujevac, Victoria 3800 Australia ; Department of Zoology, University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria 3101 Australia
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22
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Abbasalizadeh S, Baharvand H. Technological progress and challenges towards cGMP manufacturing of human pluripotent stem cells based therapeutic products for allogeneic and autologous cell therapies. Biotechnol Adv 2013; 31:1600-23. [PMID: 23962714 DOI: 10.1016/j.biotechadv.2013.08.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 54] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2013] [Revised: 06/20/2013] [Accepted: 08/12/2013] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Recent technological advances in the generation, characterization, and bioprocessing of human pluripotent stem cells (hPSCs) have created new hope for their use as a source for production of cell-based therapeutic products. To date, a few clinical trials that have used therapeutic cells derived from hESCs have been approved by the Food and Drug Administration (FDA), but numerous new hPSC-based cell therapy products are under various stages of development in cell therapy-specialized companies and their future market is estimated to be very promising. However, the multitude of critical challenges regarding different aspects of hPSC-based therapeutic product manufacturing and their therapies have made progress for the introduction of new products and clinical applications very slow. These challenges include scientific, technological, clinical, policy, and financial aspects. The technological aspects of manufacturing hPSC-based therapeutic products for allogeneic and autologous cell therapies according to good manufacturing practice (cGMP) quality requirements is one of the most important challenging and emerging topics in the development of new hPSCs for clinical use. In this review, we describe main critical challenges and highlight a series of technological advances in all aspects of hPSC-based therapeutic product manufacturing including clinical grade cell line development, large-scale banking, upstream processing, downstream processing, and quality assessment of final cell therapeutic products that have brought hPSCs closer to clinical application and commercial cGMP manufacturing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Saeed Abbasalizadeh
- Department of Stem Cells and Developmental Biology at Cell Science Research Center, Royan Institute for Stem Cell Biology and Technology, ACECR, Tehran, Iran
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23
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Toh WS, Foldager CB, Olsen BR, Spector M. Basement membrane molecule expression attendant to chondrogenesis by nucleus pulposus cells and mesenchymal stem cells. J Orthop Res 2013; 31:1136-43. [PMID: 23508654 DOI: 10.1002/jor.22330] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/25/2012] [Accepted: 02/05/2013] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
Bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) represent an autologous cell source for nucleus pulposus (NP) tissue engineering and regeneration. Although studies have demonstrated the ability of MSCs to differentiate to NP-like chondrocytic cells, few have comparatively studied the matrix synthesis and composition of the cartilaginous tissue formed in vitro from both cell types, particularly with respect to the expression of basement membrane (BM) molecules. The objective of this study was to evaluate chondrogenesis and expression of BM molecules, laminin and type IV collagen, in monolayer and in pellet cultures of caprine NP cells and MSCs. Both cell types demonstrated comparable levels of chondrogenesis, indicated by the percentage of chondrocytic cells, and the amounts of glycosaminoglycan and type II collagen. Laminin and type IV collagen were expressed intracellularly by NP cells and MSCs cultured in monolayer. During chondrogenesis in pellet cultures, the deposition of BM molecules in NP and MSC pellets followed an orderly spatiotemporal shift in pattern from a diffuse territorial and interterritorial distribution to a defined pericellular localization, as seen in normal adult NP. These results inform the use of MSCs for NP regeneration and suggest the possible involvement of certain BM molecules in chondrogenesis and cartilage regeneration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei Seong Toh
- Tissue Engineering, VA Boston Healthcare System, 150 South Huntington Avenue, MS 151, Boston, Massachusetts 02130, USA
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24
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Fukusumi H, Shofuda T, Kanematsu D, Yamamoto A, Suemizu H, Nakamura M, Yamasaki M, Ohgushi M, Sasai Y, Kanemura Y. Feeder-free generation and long-term culture of human induced pluripotent stem cells using pericellular matrix of decidua derived mesenchymal cells. PLoS One 2013; 8:e55226. [PMID: 23383118 PMCID: PMC3561375 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0055226] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/29/2012] [Accepted: 12/20/2012] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Human ES cells (hESCs) and human induced pluripotent stem cells (hiPSCs) are usually generated and maintained on living feeder cells like mouse embryonic fibroblasts or on a cell-free substrate like Matrigel. For clinical applications, a quality-controlled, xenobiotic-free culture system is required to minimize risks from contaminating animal-derived pathogens and immunogens. We previously reported that the pericellular matrix of decidua-derived mesenchymal cells (PCM-DM) is an ideal human-derived substrate on which to maintain hiPSCs/hESCs. In this study, we examined whether PCM-DM could be used for the generation and long-term stable maintenance of hiPSCs. Decidua-derived mesenchymal cells (DMCs) were reprogrammed by the retroviral transduction of four factors (OCT4, SOX2, KLF4, c-MYC) and cultured on PCM-DM. The established hiPSC clones expressed alkaline phosphatase, hESC-specific genes and cell-surface markers, and differentiated into three germ layers in vitro and in vivo. At over 20 passages, the hiPSCs cultured on PCM-DM held the same cellular properties with genome integrity as those at early passages. Global gene expression analysis showed that the GDF3, FGF4, UTF1, and XIST expression levels varied during culture, and GATA6 was highly expressed under our culture conditions; however, these gene expressions did not affect the cells’ pluripotency. PCM-DM can be conveniently prepared from DMCs, which have a high proliferative potential. Our findings indicate that PCM-DM is a versatile and practical human-derived substrate that can be used for the feeder-cell-free generation and long-term stable maintenance of hiPSCs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hayato Fukusumi
- Division of Regenerative Medicine, Institute for Clinical Research, Osaka National Hospital, National Hospital Organization, Osaka, Japan
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25
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Lu K, Gordon R, Cao T. Reverse engineering the mechanical and molecular pathways in stem cell morphogenesis. J Tissue Eng Regen Med 2013; 9:169-73. [DOI: 10.1002/term.1672] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/24/2011] [Revised: 10/05/2012] [Accepted: 11/05/2012] [Indexed: 01/28/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Kai Lu
- Institute for Integrated Cell-Material Sciences; Kyoto University; Japan
| | - Richard Gordon
- Embryogenesis Center; Gulf Specimen Marine Laboratory; Panacea FL 32346 USA
| | - Tong Cao
- Stem Cell Laboratory, Faculty of Dentistry; National University of Singapore
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26
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O'Leary T, Heindryckx B, Lierman S, Van der Jeught M, Duggal G, De Sutter P, Chuva de Sousa Lopes SM. Derivation of human embryonic stem cells using a post–inner cell mass intermediate. Nat Protoc 2013; 8:254-64. [DOI: 10.1038/nprot.2012.157] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
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Kidwai FK, Cao T, Lu K. Differentiation of epidermal keratinocytes from human embryonic stem cells. Methods Mol Biol 2013; 1195:13-22. [PMID: 24281868 DOI: 10.1007/7651_2013_46] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/02/2022]
Abstract
For many years, cell therapies have been hampered by limited availability and inter-batch variability of primary cells. Human embryonic stem cell (hESC) can give rise to specialized cells like keratinocytes and recently emerged as a virtually unlimited source of potential therapeutic cells. However, xenogeneic components in differentiation cocktails have been limiting the clinical potential of hESC-derived keratinocytes (hESCs-Kert). Here, we demonstrated efficient differentiation of H9 human embryonic stem cells (H9-hESCs) into keratinocytes (H9-Kert(ACC)) in an autogenic co-culture system. We used activin as the main factor to induce keratinocyte differentiation. H9-Kert(ACC) expressed keratinocyte markers at mRNA and protein levels. Establishment of such animal-free microenvironment for keratinocyte differentiation will accelerate potential clinical application of hESCs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fahad K Kidwai
- Oral Sciences Disciplines, Faculty of Dentistry, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
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Kidwai FK, Liu H, Toh WS, Fu X, Jokhun DS, Movahednia MM, Li M, Zou Y, Squier CA, Phan TT, Cao T. Differentiation of human embryonic stem cells into clinically amenable keratinocytes in an autogenic environment. J Invest Dermatol 2012; 133:618-628. [PMID: 23235526 DOI: 10.1038/jid.2012.384] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
Human embryonic stem cells (hESCs)-derived keratinocytes hold great clinical and research potential. However, the current techniques are hampered by the use of xenogenic components that limits their clinical application. Here we demonstrated an efficient differentiation of H9 hESCs (H9-hESCs) into keratinocytes (H9-Kert) with the minimum use of animal-derived materials. For differentiation, we established two microenvironment systems originated from H9-hESCs (autogenic microenvironment). These autogenic microenvironment systems consist of an autogenic coculture system (ACC) and an autogenic feeder-free system (AFF). In addition, we showed a stage-specific effect of Activin in promoting keratinocyte differentiation from H9-hESCs while repressing the expression of early neural markers in the ACC system. Furthermore, we also explained the effect of Activin in construction of the AFF system made up of extracellular matrix similar to basement membrane extracted from H9-hESC-derived fibroblasts. H9-Kert differentiated in both systems expressed keratinocyte markers at mRNA and protein levels. H9-Kert were also able to undergo terminal differentiation in high Ca(2+) medium. These findings support the transition toward the establishment of an animal-free microenvironment for successful differentiation of hESCs into keratinocytes for potential clinical application.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fahad K Kidwai
- Oral Sciences Disciplines, Faculty of Dentistry, National University of Singapore, Singapore
| | - Hua Liu
- Oral Sciences Disciplines, Faculty of Dentistry, National University of Singapore, Singapore; Centre for Stem Cell and Tissue Engineering, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Wei Seong Toh
- Oral Sciences Disciplines, Faculty of Dentistry, National University of Singapore, Singapore
| | - Xin Fu
- Oral Sciences Disciplines, Faculty of Dentistry, National University of Singapore, Singapore; Plastic Surgery Hospital (Institute), Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, People's Republic of China
| | - Doorgesh S Jokhun
- Department of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Science, National University of Singapore, Singapore
| | - Mohammad M Movahednia
- Oral Sciences Disciplines, Faculty of Dentistry, National University of Singapore, Singapore
| | - Mingming Li
- Oral Sciences Disciplines, Faculty of Dentistry, National University of Singapore, Singapore
| | - Yu Zou
- Oral Sciences Disciplines, Faculty of Dentistry, National University of Singapore, Singapore
| | - Christopher A Squier
- Department of Oral Pathology, Radiology and Medicine, and Dows, College of Dentistry, The University of Iowa, Iowa City, Iowa, USA
| | - Toan T Phan
- Department of Surgery, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore
| | - Tong Cao
- Oral Sciences Disciplines, Faculty of Dentistry, National University of Singapore, Singapore.
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Jin S, Yao H, Weber JL, Melkoumian ZK, Ye K. A synthetic, xeno-free peptide surface for expansion and directed differentiation of human induced pluripotent stem cells. PLoS One 2012; 7:e50880. [PMID: 23226418 PMCID: PMC3511414 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0050880] [Citation(s) in RCA: 69] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/23/2012] [Accepted: 10/25/2012] [Indexed: 01/13/2023] Open
Abstract
Human induced pluripotent stem cells have the potential to become an unlimited cell source for cell replacement therapy. The realization of this potential, however, depends on the availability of culture methods that are robust, scalable, and use chemically defined materials. Despite significant advances in hiPSC technologies, the expansion of hiPSCs relies upon the use of animal-derived extracellular matrix extracts, such as Matrigel, which raises safety concerns over the use of these products. In this work, we investigated the feasibility of expanding and differentiating hiPSCs on a chemically defined, xeno-free synthetic peptide substrate, i.e. Corning Synthemax(®) Surface. We demonstrated that the Synthemax Surface supports the attachment, spreading, and proliferation of hiPSCs, as well as hiPSCs' lineage-specific differentiation. hiPSCs colonies grown on Synthemax Surfaces exhibit less spread and more compact morphology compared to cells grown on Matrigel™. The cytoskeleton characterization of hiPSCs grown on the Synthemax Surface revealed formation of denser actin filaments in the cell-cell interface. The down-regulation of vinculin and up-regulation of zyxin expression were also observed in hiPSCs grown on the Synthemax Surface. Further examination of cell-ECM interaction revealed that hiPSCs grown on the Synthemax Surface primarily utilize α(v)β(5) integrins to mediate attachment to the substrate, whereas multiple integrins are involved in cell attachment to Matrigel. Finally, hiPSCs can be maintained undifferentiated on the Synthemax Surface for more than ten passages. These studies provide a novel approach for expansion of hiPSCs using synthetic peptide engineered surface as a substrate to avoid a potential risk of contamination and lot-to-lot variability with animal derived materials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sha Jin
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, College of Engineering, University of Arkansas, Fayetteville, AR, USA.
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30
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Tannenbaum SE, Tako Turetsky T, Singer O, Aizenman E, Kirshberg S, Ilouz N, Gil Y, Berman-Zaken Y, Perlman TS, Geva N, Levy O, Arbell D, Simon A, Ben-Meir A, Shufaro Y, Laufer N, Reubinoff BE. Derivation of xeno-free and GMP-grade human embryonic stem cells--platforms for future clinical applications. PLoS One 2012; 7:e35325. [PMID: 22745653 PMCID: PMC3380026 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0035325] [Citation(s) in RCA: 78] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/08/2012] [Accepted: 03/12/2012] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Clinically compliant human embryonic stem cells (hESCs) should be developed in adherence to ethical standards, without risk of contamination by adventitious agents. Here we developed for the first time animal-component free and good manufacturing practice (GMP)-compliant hESCs. After vendor and raw material qualification, we derived xeno-free, GMP-grade feeders from umbilical cord tissue, and utilized them within a novel, xeno-free hESC culture system. We derived and characterized three hESC lines in adherence to regulations for embryo procurement, and good tissue, manufacturing and laboratory practices. To minimize freezing and thawing, we continuously expanded the lines from initial outgrowths and samples were cryopreserved as early stocks and banks. Batch release criteria included DNA-fingerprinting and HLA-typing for identity, characterization of pluripotency-associated marker expression, proliferation, karyotyping and differentiation in-vitro and in-vivo. These hESCs may be valuable for regenerative therapy. The ethical, scientific and regulatory methodology presented here may serve for development of additional clinical-grade hESCs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shelly E. Tannenbaum
- The Hadassah Human Embryonic Stem Cell Research Center, Goldyne Savad Institute of Gene Therapy, Hadassah Hebrew University Medical Center, Jerusalem, Israel
| | - Tikva Tako Turetsky
- The Hadassah Human Embryonic Stem Cell Research Center, Goldyne Savad Institute of Gene Therapy, Hadassah Hebrew University Medical Center, Jerusalem, Israel
| | - Orna Singer
- The Hadassah Human Embryonic Stem Cell Research Center, Goldyne Savad Institute of Gene Therapy, Hadassah Hebrew University Medical Center, Jerusalem, Israel
| | - Einat Aizenman
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Hadassah Hebrew University Medical Center, Jerusalem, Israel
| | - Sophie Kirshberg
- The Hadassah Human Embryonic Stem Cell Research Center, Goldyne Savad Institute of Gene Therapy, Hadassah Hebrew University Medical Center, Jerusalem, Israel
| | - Nili Ilouz
- The Hadassah Human Embryonic Stem Cell Research Center, Goldyne Savad Institute of Gene Therapy, Hadassah Hebrew University Medical Center, Jerusalem, Israel
| | - Yaniv Gil
- The Hadassah Human Embryonic Stem Cell Research Center, Goldyne Savad Institute of Gene Therapy, Hadassah Hebrew University Medical Center, Jerusalem, Israel
| | - Yael Berman-Zaken
- The Hadassah Human Embryonic Stem Cell Research Center, Goldyne Savad Institute of Gene Therapy, Hadassah Hebrew University Medical Center, Jerusalem, Israel
| | - Temima Schnitzer Perlman
- The Hadassah Human Embryonic Stem Cell Research Center, Goldyne Savad Institute of Gene Therapy, Hadassah Hebrew University Medical Center, Jerusalem, Israel
| | - Nitshia Geva
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Hadassah Hebrew University Medical Center, Jerusalem, Israel
| | - Ora Levy
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Hadassah Hebrew University Medical Center, Jerusalem, Israel
| | - Daniel Arbell
- Department of Pediatric Surgery, Hadassah Hebrew University Medical Center, Jerusalem, Israel
| | - Alex Simon
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Hadassah Hebrew University Medical Center, Jerusalem, Israel
| | - Assaf Ben-Meir
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Hadassah Hebrew University Medical Center, Jerusalem, Israel
| | - Yoel Shufaro
- The Hadassah Human Embryonic Stem Cell Research Center, Goldyne Savad Institute of Gene Therapy, Hadassah Hebrew University Medical Center, Jerusalem, Israel
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Hadassah Hebrew University Medical Center, Jerusalem, Israel
| | - Neri Laufer
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Hadassah Hebrew University Medical Center, Jerusalem, Israel
| | - Benjamin E. Reubinoff
- The Hadassah Human Embryonic Stem Cell Research Center, Goldyne Savad Institute of Gene Therapy, Hadassah Hebrew University Medical Center, Jerusalem, Israel
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Hadassah Hebrew University Medical Center, Jerusalem, Israel
- * E-mail:
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