1
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Association of Helicobacter pylori Infection with Papillary Thyroid Carcinoma: A Case-control Study. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF CANCER MANAGEMENT 2022. [DOI: 10.5812/ijcm-118031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Background: The thyroid nodules incidence has risen worldwide. Although factors such as increasing the use of imaging techniques and more rapid detection of small thyroid nodules have been implicated in the recent rise in thyroid cancer incidence, some environmental parameters such as infectious agents may be involved. Helicobacter pylori infection is an environmental risk factor, which may mimic the antigenic properties of membranes of thyrocytes. Objectives: This study aimed at evaluating the association of H. pylori infection with benign and malignant thyroid nodules in comparison with the control group. Methods: Patients with benign thyroid nodules, papillary thyroid cancer (PTC), and euthyroid healthy controls without thyroid nodules that had just been diagnosed were included in the study. All participants underwent clinical examination. Various biochemical parameters such as serum H. pylori Ab (IgG) and thyroid function tests were measured. Comparisons were made between groups. Results: Finally, 370 patients with benign thyroid nodules, 364 patients with PTC, and 360 healthy subjects without nodules participated as a control group. In the patients with PTC, the prevalence of H. pylori infection was 89.6%, while in the group of patients with benign thyroid nodules and the control group was 81.1% and 75%, respectively (P < 0.001). Helicobacter pylori antibody (Ab) titer was not significantly associated with any of the anthropometric and biochemical variables. Conclusions: Helicobacter pylori infection was significantly higher in patients with benign thyroid nodules and PTC than in the control group. Also, the rate of infection was significantly higher in the malignant nodule group than in the benign thyroid nodules group.
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2
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Heidari Z, Valinezhad M. High prevalence of parvovirus B19 infection in patients with thyroid nodules: A case-control study. Am J Otolaryngol 2022; 43:103345. [PMID: 34995966 DOI: 10.1016/j.amjoto.2021.103345] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/08/2021] [Revised: 11/22/2021] [Accepted: 12/13/2021] [Indexed: 11/01/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The incidence of thyroid nodules has increased dramatically in recent decades. Although this increase has been attributed to improved imaging modalities, the question arises as to whether other environmental factors, such as infectious agents are influential. METHODS Adult patients with newly diagnosed papillary thyroid carcinoma, benign thyroid nodules, and healthy euthyroid controls without nodules; were recruited. Various clinical and biochemical parameters including thyroid function tests and serum Parvovirus B19 Ab (IgG) were assessed and compared between groups. RESULTS In this study, data from 364 patients with papillary thyroid carcinoma, 370 patients with benign thyroid nodules, and 360 healthy euthyroid individuals without nodules were analyzed as a control group. The prevalence of parvovirus B19 infection in papillary thyroid carcinoma patients was 58.8% that was significantly higher than the two groups of benign thyroid nodules (49.2%) and the control group (45.0%). In the papillary thyroid carcinoma group, a significant positive correlation was found between tumor size and TSH (r = 0.129, p = 0.014), and between tumor size and B19-Ab (r = 0.176, p = 0.001). CONCLUSION The rate of parvovirus B19 infection was higher in patients with papillary thyroid carcinoma and benign thyroid nodules than in the control group. Also, patients with papillary thyroid carcinoma had significantly higher rates of B19 infection than those with benign thyroid nodules.
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3
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Zhao J, Zhang Q, Yang Y, Yao J, Liao L, Dong J. High prevalence of thyroid carcinoma in patients with insulin resistance: a meta-analysis of case-control studies. Aging (Albany NY) 2021; 13:22232-22241. [PMID: 34550096 PMCID: PMC8507263 DOI: 10.18632/aging.203529] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2020] [Accepted: 09/03/2021] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
The association between insulin resistance and thyroid carcinoma is controversial. We conducted this meta-analysis of association between insulin resistance and thyroid carcinoma. There were 14 studies included in this meta-analysis. Random-effect model was used to merge the weighted mean difference value of fasting serum insulin level and the pooled effect shows that the level of fasting serum insulin is higher in patients with thyroid carcinoma than those of controls (1.88, 95% CI 0.87 to 2.90, P=0.0003). Random-effect model was used to estimate the pooled weighted mean difference and it shows that thyroid carcinoma patients have a higher level of homeostasis model assessment of insulin resistance (HOMA-IR) than patients without thyroid carcinoma (0.54, 95% CI 0.29 to 0.78, P<0.0001). Fixed-effect model with the odds ratio of insulin resistance shows that insulin resistance could increase the risk of thyroid carcinoma 216% compared with participants without insulin resistance (3.16, 95% CI 2.09 to 4.77, P<0.0001). In conclusion, insulin resistance might be a risk factor for thyroid carcinoma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Junyu Zhao
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Shandong First Medical University and Shandong Provincial Qianfoshan Hospital, Jinan 250014, China.,Department of Endocrinology and Metabology, Shandong Provincial Qianfoshan Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan 250014, China
| | - Qianping Zhang
- Division of Endocrinology, Dezhou Municipal Hospital, Dezhou 253000, China
| | - Yupeng Yang
- Division of Breast and Thyroid Surgery, Jinan Zhangqiu District Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan 250200, China
| | - Jinming Yao
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Shandong First Medical University and Shandong Provincial Qianfoshan Hospital, Jinan 250014, China.,Department of Endocrinology and Metabology, Shandong Provincial Qianfoshan Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan 250014, China
| | - Lin Liao
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Shandong First Medical University and Shandong Provincial Qianfoshan Hospital, Jinan 250014, China.,Department of Endocrinology and Metabology, Shandong Provincial Qianfoshan Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan 250014, China
| | - Jianjun Dong
- Division of Endocrinology, Department of Internal Medicine, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan 250012, China
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4
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Bellevicine C, Migliatico I, Sgariglia R, Nacchio M, Vigliar E, Pisapia P, Iaccarino A, Bruzzese D, Fonderico F, Salvatore D, Biondi B, Masone S, Novizio V, Scavuzzo F, Serino D, De Palma M, Chiofalo MG, Botti G, Pezzullo L, Nuzzo V, Spiezia S, De Chiara G, Iorio S, Conzo G, Docimo G, Faggiano A, Bongiovanni M, Malapelle U, Colao A, Triassi M, Troncone G. Evaluation of
BRAF
,
RAS
,
RET/PTC
, and
PAX8/PPARg
alterations in different Bethesda diagnostic categories: A multicentric prospective study on the validity of the 7‐gene panel test in 1172 thyroid FNAs deriving from different hospitals in South Italy. Cancer Cytopathol 2019; 128:107-118. [DOI: 10.1002/cncy.22217] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/04/2019] [Revised: 11/05/2019] [Accepted: 11/13/2019] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | - Ilaria Migliatico
- Department of Public Health University of Naples Federico II Naples Italy
| | - Roberta Sgariglia
- Department of Public Health University of Naples Federico II Naples Italy
| | | | - Elena Vigliar
- Department of Public Health University of Naples Federico II Naples Italy
| | - Pasquale Pisapia
- Department of Public Health University of Naples Federico II Naples Italy
| | - Antonino Iaccarino
- Department of Public Health University of Naples Federico II Naples Italy
| | - Dario Bruzzese
- Department of Public Health University of Naples Federico II Naples Italy
| | - Francesco Fonderico
- Department of Clinical Medicine and Surgery University of Naples Federico II Naples Italy
| | - Domenico Salvatore
- Department of Public Health University of Naples Federico II Naples Italy
| | - Bernadette Biondi
- Department of Clinical Medicine and Surgery University of Naples Federico II Naples Italy
| | - Stefania Masone
- Department of Clinical Medicine and Surgery University of Naples Federico II Naples Italy
| | - Vincenzo Novizio
- Department of Endocrinology Aziena Ospedaliera di Rilievo Nazionale A. Cardarelli Naples Italy
| | - Francesco Scavuzzo
- Department of Endocrinology Aziena Ospedaliera di Rilievo Nazionale A. Cardarelli Naples Italy
| | - Domenico Serino
- Department of Endocrinology Aziena Ospedaliera di Rilievo Nazionale A. Cardarelli Naples Italy
| | - Maurizio De Palma
- Department of Surgery Aziena Ospedaliera di Rilievo Nazionale A. Cardarelli Naples Italy
| | | | | | - Luciano Pezzullo
- Thyroid and Parathyroid Surgery Unit IRCCS G. Pascale Naples Italy
| | - Vincenzo Nuzzo
- Department of Endocrinology Hospital of the Sea‐Azienda Sanitaria Locale Naples 1 Center Naples Italy
| | - Stefano Spiezia
- Department of Endocrine Surgery Hospital of the Sea‐Azienda Sanitaria Locale Naples 1 Center Naples Italy
| | - Giovanni De Chiara
- Department of Pathology Aziena Ospedaliera di Rilievo Nazionale San Giuseppe Moscati Avellino Italy
| | - Sergio Iorio
- Department of Medical, Surgical, Neurological, Metabolic, and Aging Sciences University of Campania Luigi Vanvitelli Caserta Italy
| | - Giovanni Conzo
- Department of Cardiothoracic and Respiratory Sciences University of Campania Luigi Vanvitelli Caserta Italy
| | - Giovanni Docimo
- Department of Medical, Surgical, Neurological, Metabolic, and Aging Sciences University of Campania Luigi Vanvitelli Caserta Italy
| | | | | | - Umberto Malapelle
- Department of Public Health University of Naples Federico II Naples Italy
| | - Annamaria Colao
- Department of Clinical Medicine and Surgery University of Naples Federico II Naples Italy
| | - Maria Triassi
- Department of Public Health University of Naples Federico II Naples Italy
| | - Giancarlo Troncone
- Department of Public Health University of Naples Federico II Naples Italy
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Nettore IC, Colao A, Macchia PE. Nutritional and Environmental Factors in Thyroid Carcinogenesis. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2018; 15:ijerph15081735. [PMID: 30104523 PMCID: PMC6121258 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph15081735] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2018] [Revised: 08/05/2018] [Accepted: 08/05/2018] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Several epidemiological studies suggest an increased incidence of thyroid carcinoma (TC) in recent years, especially for the papillary histotype (PTC), suggesting that specific carcinogens might promote molecular abnormalities that are typical of PTC. The increased incidence is probably attributed to more intensive and sensitive diagnostic procedures, even if recent data suggest that various toxic elements could explain the phenomenon. Ionizing radiation exposure represents the most accepted risk factor for differentiated thyroid cancer that includes both the follicular and papillary histotypes. In this review, we examined the other environmental carcinogens that play a role in TC, such as eating habits, living in volcanic areas, and xenobiotic elements. Among eating habits, iodine intake represents one of the more discussed elements, because its deficiency is associated with follicular thyroid carcinomas (FTCs), while its progressive increment seems to be responsible for PTC. The gas, ash, and lava emissions of volcanoes are composed of various toxic compounds that pollute ground water, vegetables, and animals, contaminating humans via the food chain. Finally, the risk of developing PTC has also been associated with exposure of the population to xenobiotics in the environment or in the home. Their carcinogenic effects are probably caused by their accumulation, but additional studies are necessary to better understand the mechanisms of action.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Annamaria Colao
- Dipartimento di Medicina Clinica e Chirurgia, Università di Napoli Federico II, 80138 Napoli NA, Italy.
| | - Paolo Emidio Macchia
- Dipartimento di Medicina Clinica e Chirurgia, Università di Napoli Federico II, 80138 Napoli NA, Italy.
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Zhao J, Wang H, Zhang Z, Zhou X, Yao J, Zhang R, Liao L, Dong J. Vitamin D deficiency as a risk factor for thyroid cancer: A meta-analysis of case-control studies. Nutrition 2018; 57:5-11. [PMID: 30086436 DOI: 10.1016/j.nut.2018.04.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/23/2018] [Revised: 03/26/2018] [Accepted: 04/21/2018] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The association between vitamin D deficiency and thyroid cancer is controversial. Some studies have demonstrated that higher serum vitamin D levels might protect against thyroid cancer, whereas others have not, or have even indicated the opposite to be the case. The aim of this meta-analysis was to investigate the association between vitamin D deficicency and thyroid cancer and propose that vitamin D deficiency is a risk factor for thyroid cancer. METHODS This was a meta-analysis of 14 articles of the association between vitamin D deficiency and thyroid cancer. Databases including PubMed, Cochrane library, Sinomed, CNKI, Wanfang, and clinical trial register centers, were searched for case-control studies of vitamin D in thyroid cancer. RESULTS Fourteen studies were included in this meta-analysis. A fixed-effect model was used to merge the standardized mean difference value of serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D levels. The pooled effect showed that the levels of serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D were lower in patients with thyroid cancer preoperatively than in the controls (-0.22; 95% confidence interval [CI], -0.36 to -0.09; P = 0.001). There was no difference after thyroid cancer patients underwent thyroidectomy (-0.19; 95% CI, -0.47 to 0.10; P = 0.21). A fixed-effect model was used to pool the odds ratio of thyroid cancer and vitamin D deficiency. It showed that the pooled odds ratio from six studies was 1.30 (95% CI, 1.00-1.69; P = 0.05). Subgroup analysis of 25-hydroxyvitamin D levels between different pathologic characteristics in patients with thyroid cancer was summarized, but no statistical differences were determined. CONCLUSIONS Lower serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D levels were associated with increased risk for thyroid cancer. On the other hand, vitamin D deficiency may act as a risk factor for thyroid cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Junyu Zhao
- Department of Endocrinology, Shandong Provincial Qianfoshan Hospital, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, China
| | - Haipeng Wang
- Department of Radiology, Shandong Provincial Hospital affiliated to Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, China
| | - Zhongwen Zhang
- Department of Endocrinology, Shandong Provincial Qianfoshan Hospital, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, China
| | - Xiaojun Zhou
- Department of Endocrinology, Shandong Provincial Qianfoshan Hospital, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, China
| | - Jinming Yao
- Department of Endocrinology, Shandong Provincial Qianfoshan Hospital, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, China
| | - Rui Zhang
- Department of Endocrinology, Shandong Provincial Qianfoshan Hospital, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, China
| | - Lin Liao
- Department of Endocrinology, Shandong Provincial Qianfoshan Hospital, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, China.
| | - Jianjun Dong
- Department of Medicine, Division of Endocrinology, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, China
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7
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Heidari Z, Abdani M, Mansournia MA. Insulin Resistance Associated With Differentiated Thyroid Carcinoma: Penalized Conditional Logistic Regression Analysis of a Matched Case-Control Study Data. Int J Endocrinol Metab 2018; 16:e14545. [PMID: 29696038 PMCID: PMC5903382 DOI: 10.5812/ijem.14545] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/26/2017] [Revised: 09/07/2017] [Accepted: 10/04/2017] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND In the recent years, thyroid cancer incidence has increased worldwide. It has been questioned whether factors, such as insulin resistance, are involved in this rise. The main aim of this study was to examine the association between insulin resistance and differentiated thyroid cancer. METHODS This case-control study was performed on 30 newly diagnosed patients with differentiated thyroid cancer and 30 healthy controls. Thirty euthyroid patients recently diagnosed with differentiated thyroid cancer, based on the fine needle aspiration cytology, were examined for insulin resistance before thyroidectomy in the euthyroid state. For each patient in the case group, one healthy euthyroid individual without thyroid nodule from general population was matched based on gender, age (± 1 year), and body mass index (BMI) (± 1). Thyroid function test, thyroid antibodies, serum glucose, serum insulin, and thyroid ultrasonography was performed for all participants. Insulin resistance was defined based on homeostasis model assessment of insulin resistance (HOMA-IR) to be more than 2.5. RESULTS In the patient group, 24 (80%) cases were female and 6 (20%) were male. Insulin resistance was more prevalent in the case group than the control group (43.3% versus 13.3%). Insulin sensitivity index was lower in the case group than in the control group (50 and 81, respectively). There was a significant positive association between serum HOMA-IR levels and differentiated thyroid cancer (OR: 2.43 for 1 unit increase in HOMA-IR, 95% CI: 1.35 - 5.51; P = 0.001). Insulin resistance was significantly associated with differentiated thyroid cancer (OR: 4, 95 % CI: 1.27 - 17.6; P = 0.016). CONCLUSIONS There was a significant association between insulin resistance and differentiated thyroid carcinoma. More research with a larger sample size and prospective design are needed to determine the role of this factor in the development of differentiated thyroid cancers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zahra Heidari
- MD, Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Zahedan University of Medical Sciences, Zahedan, IR Iran
| | - Mahdi Abdani
- MD, Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Zahedan University of Medical Sciences, Zahedan, IR Iran
| | - Mohammad Ali Mansournia
- MD, MPH, PhD, Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, IR Iran
- Corresponding author: Mohammad Ali Mansournia, Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, PO Box: 14155-6446, Tehran, IR Iran. E-mail:
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Heidari Z, Nikbakht M, Mashhadi MA, Jahantigh M, Mansournia N, Sheikhi V, Mansournia MA. Vitamin D Deficiency Associated with Differentiated Thyroid Carcinoma: A Case- Control Study. Asian Pac J Cancer Prev 2017; 18:3419-3422. [PMID: 29286613 PMCID: PMC5980904 DOI: 10.22034/apjcp.2017.18.12.3419] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective: In recent decades, the incidence of thyroid cancer has increased throughout the world. It is unclear whether factors such as vitamin D deficiency may have been involved in this increase. The present case-control study was conducted to examine any association between Vitamin D deficiency and thyroid cancers. Methods: The study was conducted on 85 patients with differentiated thyroid cancer diagnosed based on fine needle aspiration biopsy as the case group and 85 healthy controls. Serum levels of vitamin D were evaluated before thyroidectomy. For each patient in the case group, one healthy euthyroid person without any thyroid nodules from the general population matched based on season, sex, age (± 1 year) and BMI (± 1) was selected. Finally, 85 pairs were obtained considering inclusion and exclusion criteria. Thyroid function, thyroid antibodies and serum vitamin D were assessed and thyroid sonography was performed in all participants. Results: In the patient group, 72 (85%) were female and 13 (15%) were male. The mean (SD) serum vitamin D level was 8.00 (±3.7) in patient group, as compared to 13.4 (±7.90) in the control group, the difference being significant (OR: 6, 95 %CI: 1.02-113.3; P=0.046). Conclusion: A significant association was noted between vitamin D deficiency and differentiated thyroid cancer. Further studies with a prospective design are necessary to further define the roles of this factor.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zahra Heidari
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Zahedan University of Medical Sciences, Zahedan, Iran.
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9
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Pagano L, Mele C, Arpaia D, Samà MT, Caputo M, Ippolito S, Peirce C, Prodam F, Valente G, Ciancia G, Aimaretti G, Biondi B. How do etiological factors can explain the different clinical features of patients with differentiated thyroid cancer and their histopathological findings? Endocrine 2017; 56:129-137. [PMID: 27230768 DOI: 10.1007/s12020-016-0992-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/26/2016] [Accepted: 05/17/2016] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Abstract
The aim was to retrospectively analyse the clinical-histopathological characteristics of patients with newly diagnosis of differentiated thyroid cancer (DTC) referred to two Italian centres, one in Northern and the other in Southern Italy, between 2000 and 2013. 1081 patients were included and subdivided into two groups: group A (474 patients from Novara) and group B (607 patients from Naples). The group A came from the industrial area of Novara, while the Group B came from the areas around Vesuvius and Campi Flegrei. The two groups were comparable for iodine levels, body mass index, diagnostic timing and clinical procedures. For all patients, demographic and clinical data were collected. No difference was found in gender, whereas the age at diagnosis was later in the group A (group A 53.1 ± 15.16 years, group B 41.9 ± 14.25 years, p < 0.001). In both groups, the most frequent histotype was papillary thyroid cancer (PTC) with prevalence of follicular variant in group A (p < 0.0001) and classical variant in group B (p < 0.0001). Aggressive histological features were mainly seen in group A (bilaterality p < 0.0001, multifocality p < 0.0001 and thyroid capsular invasion p < 0.0001). Microcarcinomas were more frequent in group A (p < 0.0001) but mostly characterized by bilaterality (p < 0.001) and multifocality (p < 0.04). In both groups, tumour-associated thyroiditis showed a significant increase over the years (group A p < 0.05, group B p < 0.04). Environmental factors could justify the differences found in our study. These preliminary data should stimulate the need for an Italian Cancer Registry of DTC in order to allow an epidemiological characterization, allowing the identification of specific etiological factors and an improvement in the management of the disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Loredana Pagano
- Department of Translational Medicine, University of Eastern Piedmont, Via Solaroli 17, 28100, Novara, Italy.
| | - Chiara Mele
- Department of Translational Medicine, University of Eastern Piedmont, Via Solaroli 17, 28100, Novara, Italy
| | - Debora Arpaia
- Department of Clinical Medicine and Surgery, University of Naples Federico II, Naples, Italy
| | - Maria Teresa Samà
- Department of Translational Medicine, University of Eastern Piedmont, Via Solaroli 17, 28100, Novara, Italy
| | - Marina Caputo
- Department of Translational Medicine, University of Eastern Piedmont, Via Solaroli 17, 28100, Novara, Italy
| | - Serena Ippolito
- Department of Clinical Medicine and Surgery, University of Naples Federico II, Naples, Italy
| | - Carmela Peirce
- Department of Clinical Medicine and Surgery, University of Naples Federico II, Naples, Italy
| | - Flavia Prodam
- Department of Health Sciences, University of Eastern Piedmont, Novara, Italy
| | - Guido Valente
- Department of Translational Medicine, University of Eastern Piedmont, Via Solaroli 17, 28100, Novara, Italy
| | - Giuseppe Ciancia
- Department of Advanced Biomedical Sciences, University of Naples Federico II, Naples, Italy
| | - Gianluca Aimaretti
- Department of Translational Medicine, University of Eastern Piedmont, Via Solaroli 17, 28100, Novara, Italy
| | - Bernadette Biondi
- Department of Clinical Medicine and Surgery, University of Naples Federico II, Naples, Italy
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10
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Duntas LH. Volcanic environments: "biomonitoring" their links to thyroid cancer. Endocrine 2016; 53:343-6. [PMID: 27160818 DOI: 10.1007/s12020-016-0977-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/13/2016] [Accepted: 04/27/2016] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Leonidas H Duntas
- Evgenideion Hospital, Unit of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism, Thyroid Section, University of Athens, 20 Papadiamantopoulou, 11528, Athens, Greece.
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Bann DV, Goyal N, Camacho F, Goldenberg D. Increasing incidence of thyroid cancer in the Commonwealth of Pennsylvania. JAMA Otolaryngol Head Neck Surg 2015; 140:1149-56. [PMID: 25170647 DOI: 10.1001/jamaoto.2014.1709] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
Abstract
IMPORTANCE The incidence of thyroid cancer in the United States has increased rapidly and Pennsylvania is the state with the highest rate of thyroid cancer in the country, although the factors driving this increase are unknown. Moreover, it remains unclear whether the increase in thyroid cancer represents a true increase in disease or is the result of overdiagnosis. OBJECTIVE To compare the increase in thyroid cancer incidence and tumor characteristics in Pennsylvania with the rest of the United States and gain insight into the factors influencing the increased incidence of thyroid cancer. DESIGN, SETTING, AND PARTICIPANTS In a population-based study, data on thyroid cancer from the Surveillance Epidemiology and End Results 9 (SEER-9) registry and the Pennsylvania Cancer Registry (PCR) from 1985 through 2009 were collected and reviewed for information regarding sex, race, histologic type of thyroid cancer, staging, and tumor size at diagnosis. International Classification of Diseases for Oncology, Third Edition code C739 (thyroid carcinoma) was used to identify 110,615 records in the SEER-9 registry and 29,030 records in the PCR. MAIN OUTCOMES AND MEASURES Average annual percent change (AAPC) in thyroid cancer incidence across various demographic groups in Pennsylvania. RESULTS The AAPC for thyroid cancer in Pennsylvania was 7.1% per year (95% CI, 6.3%-7.9%) vs 4.2% (95% CI, 3.7%-4.7%) per year in the remainder of the United States, and trends in incidence were significantly different (P < .001). Females experienced a higher AAPC (7.6% per year; 95% CI, 6.9%-8.3%) compared with males (6.1% per year; 95% CI, 4.9%-7.2%) (P < .01), and trend analysis revealed that thyroid cancer may be increasing more rapidly among black females (8.6% per year; 95% CI, 5.4%-11.9%) than among white females (7.6% per year; 95% CI, 6.8%-8.4) (P = .60; but despite the similarity in AAPC between the 2 groups, the joinpoint models fit to the data were not parallel [P < .005]). The rate of tumors with regional (7.0% per year; 95% CI, 5.8%-8.1%) or distant (1.1% per year; 95% CI, 0.3%-1.8%) spread (P < .05) and tumors that were 2 to 4 cm (7.1% per year; 95% CI, 5.2%-9.0%) (P < .05) or larger than 4 cm (6.4% per year; 95% CI, 4.5%-8.2%) (P < .05) at diagnosis also increased. CONCLUSIONS AND RELEVANCE The incidence of thyroid cancer is rising at a faster rate in Pennsylvania than in the rest of the nation, as is the rate of tumors that are larger and higher stage at diagnosis. These findings suggest that rising disease burden has contributed to the increased incidence of thyroid cancer. Etiologic factors promoting the rise in thyroid cancer in Pennsylvania must be investigated and may provide insight into the drivers of the national increase in thyroid cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Darrin V Bann
- MD/PhD Program, Penn State College of Medicine, Hershey, Pennsylvania
| | - Neerav Goyal
- Division of Otolaryngology, Department of Surgery, Penn State Milton S. Hershey Medical Center, Hershey, Pennsylvania
| | | | - David Goldenberg
- Division of Otolaryngology, Department of Surgery, Penn State Milton S. Hershey Medical Center, Hershey, Pennsylvania
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Morand GB, da Silva SD, Hier MP, Alaoui-Jamali MA. Insights into genetic and epigenetic determinants with impact on vitamin d signaling and cancer association studies: the case of thyroid cancer. Front Oncol 2014; 4:309. [PMID: 25414832 PMCID: PMC4220101 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2014.00309] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/19/2014] [Accepted: 10/17/2014] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Vitamin D is a key regulator of calcium metabolism and has been implicated as a cancer preventive agent. However, clinical studies have revealed conflicting results on its cancer preventive properties, attributed in part to multiple metabolic and regulatory factors susceptible to affect individual responses to exogenous vitamin D. Vitamin D is obtained from dietary sources and sun exposure, which depends on numerous parameters such as skin type, latitude, and lifestyle factors. Focusing on thyroid cancer (TC), we document that genetic and epigenetic determinants can greatly impact individual response to vitamin D and may outweigh the classical clinical correlative studies that focus on sun exposure/dietary intake factors. In particular, genetic determinants innate to host intrinsic metabolic pathways such as highly polymorphic cytochromes P450s responsible for the metabolic activation of vitamin D are expressed in many organs, including the thyroid gland and can impact vitamin D interaction with its nuclear receptor (VDR) in thyroid tissue. Moreover, downstream regulatory pathways in vitamin D signaling as well as VDR are also subject to wide genetic variability among human populations as shown by genome-wide studies. These genetic variations in multiple components of vitamin D pathways are critical determinants for the revaluation of the potential preventive and anticancer properties of vitamin D in TC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Grégoire B Morand
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Sir Mortimer B. Davis-Jewish General Hospital, McGill University , Montreal, QC , Canada ; Departments of Medicine and Oncology, Segal Cancer Centre and Lady Davis Institute for Medical Research, Sir Mortimer B. Davis-Jewish General Hospital, McGill University , Montreal, QC , Canada
| | - Sabrina Daniela da Silva
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Sir Mortimer B. Davis-Jewish General Hospital, McGill University , Montreal, QC , Canada ; Departments of Medicine and Oncology, Segal Cancer Centre and Lady Davis Institute for Medical Research, Sir Mortimer B. Davis-Jewish General Hospital, McGill University , Montreal, QC , Canada
| | - Michael P Hier
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Sir Mortimer B. Davis-Jewish General Hospital, McGill University , Montreal, QC , Canada
| | - Moulay A Alaoui-Jamali
- Departments of Medicine and Oncology, Segal Cancer Centre and Lady Davis Institute for Medical Research, Sir Mortimer B. Davis-Jewish General Hospital, McGill University , Montreal, QC , Canada
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Marcello MA, Malandrino P, Almeida JFM, Martins MB, Cunha LL, Bufalo NE, Pellegriti G, Ward LS. The influence of the environment on the development of thyroid tumors: a new appraisal. Endocr Relat Cancer 2014; 21:T235-54. [PMID: 24948559 DOI: 10.1530/erc-14-0131] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Most epidemiological studies concerning differentiated thyroid cancers (DTC) indicate an increasing incidence over the last two decades. This increase might be partially explained by the better access to health services worldwide, but clinicopathological analyses do not fully support this hypothesis, indicating that there are carcinogenetic factors behind this noticeable increasing incidence. Although we have undoubtedly understood the biology and molecular pathways underlying thyroid carcinogenesis in a better way, we have made very little progresses in identifying a risk profile for DTC, and our knowledge of risk factors is very similar to what we knew 30-40 years ago. In addition to ionizing radiation exposure, the most documented and established risk factor for DTC, we also investigated the role of other factors, including eating habits, tobacco smoking, living in a volcanic area, xenobiotics, and viruses, which could be involved in thyroid carcinogenesis, thus, contributing to the increase in DTC incidence rates observed.
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Affiliation(s)
- M A Marcello
- Laboratory of Cancer Molecular Genetics (Gemoca)Faculty of Medical Sciences, University of Campinas (FCM-Unicamp), Rua Tessalia Vieira de Camargo, 126, Barao Geraldo, Campinas, Sao Paulo, 13083-887, BrazilEndocrinologyDepartment of Clinical and Molecular Biomedicine, Garibaldi-Nesima Medical Center, University of Catania, Catania, Italy
| | - P Malandrino
- Laboratory of Cancer Molecular Genetics (Gemoca)Faculty of Medical Sciences, University of Campinas (FCM-Unicamp), Rua Tessalia Vieira de Camargo, 126, Barao Geraldo, Campinas, Sao Paulo, 13083-887, BrazilEndocrinologyDepartment of Clinical and Molecular Biomedicine, Garibaldi-Nesima Medical Center, University of Catania, Catania, Italy
| | - J F M Almeida
- Laboratory of Cancer Molecular Genetics (Gemoca)Faculty of Medical Sciences, University of Campinas (FCM-Unicamp), Rua Tessalia Vieira de Camargo, 126, Barao Geraldo, Campinas, Sao Paulo, 13083-887, BrazilEndocrinologyDepartment of Clinical and Molecular Biomedicine, Garibaldi-Nesima Medical Center, University of Catania, Catania, Italy
| | - M B Martins
- Laboratory of Cancer Molecular Genetics (Gemoca)Faculty of Medical Sciences, University of Campinas (FCM-Unicamp), Rua Tessalia Vieira de Camargo, 126, Barao Geraldo, Campinas, Sao Paulo, 13083-887, BrazilEndocrinologyDepartment of Clinical and Molecular Biomedicine, Garibaldi-Nesima Medical Center, University of Catania, Catania, Italy
| | - L L Cunha
- Laboratory of Cancer Molecular Genetics (Gemoca)Faculty of Medical Sciences, University of Campinas (FCM-Unicamp), Rua Tessalia Vieira de Camargo, 126, Barao Geraldo, Campinas, Sao Paulo, 13083-887, BrazilEndocrinologyDepartment of Clinical and Molecular Biomedicine, Garibaldi-Nesima Medical Center, University of Catania, Catania, Italy
| | - N E Bufalo
- Laboratory of Cancer Molecular Genetics (Gemoca)Faculty of Medical Sciences, University of Campinas (FCM-Unicamp), Rua Tessalia Vieira de Camargo, 126, Barao Geraldo, Campinas, Sao Paulo, 13083-887, BrazilEndocrinologyDepartment of Clinical and Molecular Biomedicine, Garibaldi-Nesima Medical Center, University of Catania, Catania, Italy
| | - G Pellegriti
- Laboratory of Cancer Molecular Genetics (Gemoca)Faculty of Medical Sciences, University of Campinas (FCM-Unicamp), Rua Tessalia Vieira de Camargo, 126, Barao Geraldo, Campinas, Sao Paulo, 13083-887, BrazilEndocrinologyDepartment of Clinical and Molecular Biomedicine, Garibaldi-Nesima Medical Center, University of Catania, Catania, Italy
| | - L S Ward
- Laboratory of Cancer Molecular Genetics (Gemoca)Faculty of Medical Sciences, University of Campinas (FCM-Unicamp), Rua Tessalia Vieira de Camargo, 126, Barao Geraldo, Campinas, Sao Paulo, 13083-887, BrazilEndocrinologyDepartment of Clinical and Molecular Biomedicine, Garibaldi-Nesima Medical Center, University of Catania, Catania, Italy
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Malandrino P, Scollo C, Marturano I, Russo M, Tavarelli M, Attard M, Richiusa P, Violi MA, Dardanoni G, Vigneri R, Pellegriti G. Descriptive epidemiology of human thyroid cancer: experience from a regional registry and the "volcanic factor". Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2013; 4:65. [PMID: 23761783 PMCID: PMC3671345 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2013.00065] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2013] [Accepted: 05/19/2013] [Indexed: 01/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Thyroid cancer (TC), the most common endocrine tumor, has steadily increased worldwide due to the increase of the papillary histotype. The reasons for this spread have not been established. In addition to more sensitive thyroid nodule screening, the effect of environmental factors cannot be excluded. Because high incidences of TC were found in volcanic areas (Hawaii and Iceland), a volcanic environment may play a role in the pathogenesis of TC. In January 2002, the Regional Register for TC was instituted in Sicily. With a population of approximately five million inhabitants with similar genetic and lifestyle features, the coexistence in Sicily of rural, urban, industrial, moderate-to-low iodine intake, and volcanic areas provides a conducive setting for assessing the environmental influences on the etiology of TC. In Sicily, between 2002 and 2004, 1,950 new cases of TC were identified, with an age-standardized rate (world) ASR(w) = 17.8/10(5) in females and 3.7/10(5) in males and a high female/male ratio (4.3:1.0). The incidence of TC was heterogeneous within Sicily. There were 2.3 times more cases in the Catania province (where most of the inhabitants live in the volcanic area of Mt. Etna): ASR(w) = 31.7/10(5) in females and 6.4/10(5) in males vs. 14.1 in females and 3.0 in males in the rest of Sicily. Multivariate analysis documented that residents in the volcanic area of Mt. Etna had a higher risk of TC, compared to the residents in urban, industrial, and iodine deficient areas of Sicily. An abnormally high concentration of several chemicals was found in the drinking water of the Mt. Etna aquifer, which provides water to most of the residents in the Catania province. Our data suggest that environmental carcinogen(s) of volcanic origin may promote papillary TC. Additional analyses, including cancer biological and molecular features, will allow a better understanding of risk factors and etiopathogenetic mechanisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pasqualino Malandrino
- Endocrinology, Department of Clinical and Molecular Biomedicine, University of Catania, Garibaldi-Nesima Medical Center, Catania, Italy
| | - Claudia Scollo
- Endocrinology, Department of Clinical and Molecular Biomedicine, University of Catania, Garibaldi-Nesima Medical Center, Catania, Italy
| | - Ilenia Marturano
- Endocrinology, Department of Clinical and Molecular Biomedicine, University of Catania, Garibaldi-Nesima Medical Center, Catania, Italy
| | - Marco Russo
- Endocrinology, Department of Clinical and Molecular Biomedicine, University of Catania, Garibaldi-Nesima Medical Center, Catania, Italy
| | - Martina Tavarelli
- Endocrinology, Department of Clinical and Molecular Biomedicine, University of Catania, Garibaldi-Nesima Medical Center, Catania, Italy
| | - Marco Attard
- Endocrinology, “Ospedali Riuniti Villa Sofia – Cervello” Hospital, Palermo, Italy
| | - Pierina Richiusa
- Endocrinology, Diabetology and Metabolism, Department of Internal and Specialistic Biomedicine, University of Palermo, Palermo, Italy
| | - Maria Antonia Violi
- Endocrinology, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Messina, Messina, Italy
| | | | - Riccardo Vigneri
- Endocrinology, Department of Clinical and Molecular Biomedicine, University of Catania, Garibaldi-Nesima Medical Center, Catania, Italy
| | - Gabriella Pellegriti
- Endocrinology, Department of Clinical and Molecular Biomedicine, University of Catania, Garibaldi-Nesima Medical Center, Catania, Italy
- *Correspondence: Gabriella Pellegriti, Endocrinology Unit, Department of Clinical and Molecular Biomedicine, University of Catania, Garibaldi-Nesima Medical Center, Via Palermo 636, Catania 95122, Italy e-mail:
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