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Ghalandari M, Sheikhzade S, Zardosht K, Sadeghi G, Taheri Soodejani M. Spatial and temporal analysis of thyroid cancer incidence in Guilan Province, Northern Iran, 2009-2018. Cancer Epidemiol 2024; 90:102579. [PMID: 38723323 DOI: 10.1016/j.canep.2024.102579] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/28/2024] [Revised: 04/22/2024] [Accepted: 04/28/2024] [Indexed: 05/21/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Thyroid cancer is one of the most common malignancies of the endocrine system, the fifth most common malignancy in women worldwide, and the second most common cancer in women over 50 in 2019. It is the sixth most common cancer in both sexes and the third most common cancer in women in Guilan province. This study was conducted to describe the geographic variation and investigate any changes in the trend of the thyroid cancer incidence rate. METHODS This study was conducted on the data of the Guilan University of Medical Sciences cancer registration system. The crude and age-standardized incidence rate was calculated per 100,000 person-years. Joinpoint regression analysis evaluated the time trends and annual percent changes (APC). The incidence rate was estimated separately for each city and high-risk areas were shown on the province map using GIS software. RESULTS 1742 cases of thyroid cancer (83.7 % in women and 16.3 % in men) were registered in Guilan province from 2009 to 18. The incidence of thyroid cancer was 5.1-fold higher in women than men. The results of the joinpoint regression analysis showed that the age-standardized incidence rate of thyroid cancer in both sexes has increased significantly over ten years (APC: 26.4; 95 %CI: 22.5-30.4), (P-value < 0.001). In our study, Astaneh-ye Ashrafiyeh, Lahijan, and Langarud cities were identified as high-risk areas of the province for both sexes. CONCLUSION The trend of incidence of thyroid cancer in Guilan province is increasing. Also, a wide geographical variation was found in the incidence of thyroid cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maryam Ghalandari
- Student Research Committee, Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences, Yazd, Islamic Republic of Iran
| | - Soheila Sheikhzade
- Department of Biostatistics and Epidemiology, School of Public Health, Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences, Yazd, Islamic Republic of Iran
| | - Koasar Zardosht
- Center for Healthcare Data Modeling, Department of Biostatistics and Epidemiology, School of Public Health, Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences, Yazd, Islamic Republic of Iran
| | | | - Moslem Taheri Soodejani
- Department of Biostatistics and Epidemiology, School of Public Health, Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences, Yazd, Islamic Republic of Iran.
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Siegel DA, King JB, Lupo PJ, Durbin EB, Tai E, Mills K, Van Dyne E, Lunsford NB, Henley SJ, Wilson RJ. Counts, incidence rates, and trends of pediatric cancer in the United States, 2003-2019. J Natl Cancer Inst 2023; 115:1337-1354. [PMID: 37433078 PMCID: PMC11018256 DOI: 10.1093/jnci/djad115] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2023] [Revised: 06/02/2023] [Accepted: 06/14/2023] [Indexed: 07/13/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Cancer is a leading cause of death by disease among children and adolescents in the United States. This study updates cancer incidence rates and trends using the most recent and comprehensive US cancer registry data available. METHODS We used data from US Cancer Statistics to evaluate counts, age-adjusted incidence rates, and trends among children and adolescents younger than 20 years of age diagnosed with malignant tumors between 2003 and 2019. We calculated the average annual percent change (APC) and APC using joinpoint regression. Rates and trends were stratified by demographic and geographic characteristics and by cancer type. RESULTS With 248 749 cases reported between 2003 and 2019, the overall cancer incidence rate was 178.3 per 1 million; incidence rates were highest for leukemia (46.6), central nervous system neoplasms (30.8), and lymphoma (27.3). Rates were highest for males, children 0 to 4 years of age, Non-Hispanic White children and adolescents, those in the Northeast census region, the top 25% of counties by economic status, and metropolitan counties with a population of 1 million people or more. Although the overall incidence rate of pediatric cancer increased 0.5% per year on average between 2003 and 2019, the rate increased between 2003 and 2016 (APC = 1.1%), and then decreased between 2016 and 2019 (APC = -2.1%). Between 2003 and 2019, rates of leukemia, lymphoma, hepatic tumors, bone tumors, and thyroid carcinomas increased, while melanoma rates decreased. Rates of central nervous system neoplasms increased until 2017, and then decreased. Rates of other cancer types remained stable. CONCLUSIONS Incidence of pediatric cancer increased overall, although increases were limited to certain cancer types. These findings may guide future public health and research priorities.
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Affiliation(s)
- David A. Siegel
- Division of Cancer Prevention and Control, National Center for Chronic Disease Prevention and Health Promotion, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Jessica B. King
- Division of Cancer Prevention and Control, National Center for Chronic Disease Prevention and Health Promotion, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Philip J. Lupo
- Department of Pediatrics, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Eric B. Durbin
- Kentucky Cancer Registry, Markey Cancer Center, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY, USA
| | - Eric Tai
- Division of Cancer Prevention and Control, National Center for Chronic Disease Prevention and Health Promotion, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Kathi Mills
- Division of Cancer Prevention and Control, National Center for Chronic Disease Prevention and Health Promotion, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Elizabeth Van Dyne
- Division of Cancer Prevention and Control, National Center for Chronic Disease Prevention and Health Promotion, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Natasha Buchanan Lunsford
- Office of the Director, National Center for Chronic Disease Prevention and Health Promotion, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - S. Jane Henley
- Division of Cancer Prevention and Control, National Center for Chronic Disease Prevention and Health Promotion, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Reda J. Wilson
- Division of Cancer Prevention and Control, National Center for Chronic Disease Prevention and Health Promotion, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, GA, USA
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Lokmic-Tomkins Z, Block LJ, Davies S, Reid L, Ronquillo CE, von Gerich H, Peltonen LM. Evaluating the representation of disaster hazards in SNOMED CT: gaps and opportunities. J Am Med Inform Assoc 2023; 30:1762-1772. [PMID: 37558235 PMCID: PMC10586035 DOI: 10.1093/jamia/ocad153] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/17/2023] [Revised: 07/20/2023] [Accepted: 07/21/2023] [Indexed: 08/11/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Climate change, an underlying risk driver of natural disasters, threatens the environmental sustainability, planetary health, and sustainable development goals. Incorporating disaster-related health impacts into electronic health records helps to comprehend their impact on populations, clinicians, and healthcare systems. This study aims to: (1) map the United Nations Office for Disaster Risk Reduction and International Science Council (UNDRR-ISC) Hazard Information Profiles to SNOMED CT International, a clinical terminology used by clinicians, to manage patients and provide healthcare services; and (2) to determine the extent of clinical terminologies available to capture disaster-related events. MATERIALS AND METHODS Concepts related to disasters were extracted from the UNDRR-ISC's Hazard Information Profiles and mapped to a health terminology using a procedural framework for standardized clinical terminology mapping. The mapping process involved evaluating candidate matches and creating a final list of matches to determine concept coverage. RESULTS A total of 226 disaster hazard concepts were identified to adversely impact human health. Chemical and biological disaster hazard concepts had better representation than meteorological, hydrological, extraterrestrial, geohazards, environmental, technical, and societal hazard concepts in SNOMED CT. Heatwave, drought, and geographically unique disaster hazards were not found in SNOMED CT. CONCLUSION To enhance clinical reporting of disaster hazards and climate-sensitive health outcomes, the poorly represented and missing concepts in SNOMED CT must be included. Documenting the impacts of climate change on public health using standardized clinical terminology provides the necessary real time data to capture climate-sensitive outcomes. These data are crucial for building climate-resilient healthcare systems, enhanced public health disaster responses and workflows, tracking individual health outcomes, supporting disaster risk reduction modeling, and aiding in disaster preparedness, response, and recovery efforts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zerina Lokmic-Tomkins
- School of Nursing and Midwifery, Faculty of Medicine, Nursing and Health Sciences, Monash University, Clayton, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Lorraine J Block
- School of Nursing, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Shauna Davies
- Faculty of Nursing, University of Regina, Regina, Saskatchewan, Canada
| | - Lisa Reid
- College of Nursing and Health Sciences, Flinders University, Bedford Park, South Australia, Australia
| | | | - Hanna von Gerich
- Department of Nursing Science, University of Turku, Turku, Finland
- Turku University Hospital, Turku, Finland
| | - Laura-Maria Peltonen
- Department of Nursing Science, University of Turku, Turku, Finland
- Turku University Hospital, Turku, Finland
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Chen GY, Li T. Submandibular solid-cystic mass as the first and sole manifestation of occult thyroid papillary carcinoma: A case report. World J Clin Cases 2023; 11:7253-7257. [PMID: 37946756 PMCID: PMC10631415 DOI: 10.12998/wjcc.v11.i29.7253] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/28/2023] [Revised: 09/11/2023] [Accepted: 09/26/2023] [Indexed: 10/13/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Occult thyroid papillary carcinoma (OTPC) is typically characterized by initial presentation with cervical lymph node metastasis and can be detected through ultrasound. However, the initial and sole manifestation was a submandibular solid-cystic mass. High-frequency ultrasound, enhanced multislice computed tomography (CT) scan, and thyroid function tests revealed no abnormalities, which is relatively uncommon. CASE SUMMARY A 24-year-old Chinese female, who studied at a university in Shandong Province, presented to the clinic in June 2019 with a right submandibular mass that she had noticed 2 mo earlier. Clinical examination revealed a 2-cm, nontender, movable solid-cystic mass in the submandibular region, with no palpable thyroid mass observed. Ultrasonography revealed a 2.0 cm × 1.1 cm solid-cystic mass in the right submandibular region, and the thyroid gland showed no abnormalities. CT scan and 131I whole body follow-up scan showed that there were no abnormalities in the thyroid. However, cytology and pathology showed papillary tumor cell clusters, consistent with papillary thyroid carcinoma. Thus, we performed total thyroidectomy and right neck lymph node dissection. The pathology revealed the thyroid was detected as classical thyroid micropapillary carcinoma, and lymph nodes of levels VI central and levels II, III, IV, V on the right side showed no tumor metastasis. The patient was followed up for 2 years without significant recurrence. CONCLUSION The presentation of a submandibular solid-cystic mass as the primary and solitary indication of OTPC is relatively uncommon. Fine needle aspiration is advised for evaluating neck masses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Geng-Yu Chen
- Thyroid and Breast Surgery, The Fourth People’s Hospital of Jinan City, Jinan 250021, Shandong Province, China
| | - Tong Li
- Thyroid and Breast Surgery, The Fourth People’s Hospital of Jinan City, Jinan 250021, Shandong Province, China
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Collins RA, Chaves N, Lee G, Broekhuis JM, James BC. Urban and Rural Surgical Practice Patterns for Papillary Thyroid Carcinoma. Thyroid 2023; 33:849-857. [PMID: 37014086 PMCID: PMC10398746 DOI: 10.1089/thy.2022.0711] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/05/2023]
Abstract
Background: The 2015 American Thyroid Association (ATA) guidelines shifted recommendations toward less aggressive management of papillary thyroid cancer (PTC). Subsequently, several studies demonstrated a trend in performing thyroid lobectomy (TL) over total thyroidectomy (TT). However, regional variation has persisted without a clear indication of what factors may be influencing practice variation. We aimed to evaluate the surgical management of PTC in patients in rural and urban settings to assess trends of TL compared with TT following the implementation of the 2015 ATA guidelines. Methods: A retrospective cohort analysis was performed using the Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results (SEER) database from 2004 to 2019 of patients with localized PTC <4 cm who underwent TT or TL. Patients were classified as living in urban or rural counties based on the 2013 Rural-Urban Continuum Codes. Procedures performed from 2004 to 2015 were categorized as preguidelines, while those performed from 2016 to 2019 were categorized as postguidelines. Chi-square, Student's t-test, logistic regression, and Cochran-Mantel-Haenszel test were used. Results: A total of 89,294 cases were included in the study. Eighty thousand one hundred and fifty (89.8%) were from urban settings and 9144 (9.2%) were from rural settings. Patients from rural settings were older (52 vs. 50 years, p < 0.001) and had smaller nodules (p < 0.001). On adjusted analysis, patients in rural areas were less likely to undergo TT (adjusted odds ratio 0.81, confidence interval [CI] 0.76-0.87). Before the 2015 guidelines, patients in urban settings had a 24% higher odds of undergoing TT compared with those in rural settings (odds ratio 1.24, CI 1.16-1.32, p < 0.001). There was no difference in the proportions of TT and TL based on setting following guideline implementation (p = 0.185). Conclusions: The 2015 ATA guidelines led to a change in overall practice in surgical management of PTC toward increasing TL. While urban and rural practice variation existed before 2015, both settings had an increase in TL following the guideline change, emphasizing the importance of clinical practice guidelines to ensure best practice in both rural and urban settings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Reagan A. Collins
- Division of Surgical Oncology, Department of Surgery, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
- Division of Surgical Oncology, Department of Surgery, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
- Institute for Technology Assessment, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Natalia Chaves
- Division of Surgical Oncology, Department of Surgery, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Gillian Lee
- Department of Surgery, Brown University, Providence, Rhode Island, USA
| | - Jordan M. Broekhuis
- Division of Surgical Oncology, Department of Surgery, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Benjamin C. James
- Division of Surgical Oncology, Department of Surgery, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
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George PS, Mathew A, Sruthi S, Kurup SA, Kattoor J, Vinod TR. Spatiotemporal pattern of thyroid cancer incidence in South Kerala: A population-based study. Indian J Public Health 2023; 67:240-246. [PMID: 37459019 DOI: 10.4103/ijph.ijph_1419_22] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/20/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Thyroid cancer (TC) is the most common endocrine cancer and has been increasing over the past decades worldwide. A notable finding is that Kerala's capital Thiruvananthapuram ranks the first among men and the second highest among women in the incidence of TC in India. Reasons for this increase have not been established. Objectives Here, we investigated the spatiotemporal pattern of TC incidence in Thiruvananthapuram. Materials and Methods TC incidence data (n = 1937) of Population Based Cancer Registry Thiruvananthapuram, Kerala, India, between 2012 and 2016, were analyzed for identifying geographical patterns by spatial methods, temporal methods for studying spatial variation in TC incidence, distribution of age, gender, and histology in lowland (coastal), midland, and highland. Results Spatial clustering of TC incidence was identified consistently near the coastal region based on all geospatial analyses. 56.9%, 23.9%, and 19.2% of TC cases were observed in the coastal, midland, and highland areas, respectively. A significant clustered pattern of TC incidence was revealed by Moran's index I (0.49), high-high clusters by local Moran's, hotspot by Getis-Ord-Gi* (P < 0.05), point pattern analysis by nearest neighbor ratio and kernel density estimation. The relative risk of the significant cluster was obtained as 1.60 (95% confidence interval: 1.03-1.84) by SaTScan analysis. Conclusion This study identified spatial variations in the pattern of TC cases with significant clusters near the coastal region of Thiruvananthapuram. This would help to pinpoint the high-risk geographical areas of TC and for more effective cancer control programs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Preethi Sara George
- Additional Professor, Regional Cancer Centre, Thiruvananthapuram, Kerala, India
| | - Aleyamma Mathew
- Professor and Head, Regional Cancer Centre, Thiruvananthapuram, Kerala, India
| | - S Sruthi
- Junior Research Fellow, Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Regional Cancer Centre, Thiruvananthapuram, Kerala, India
| | | | - Jayasree Kattoor
- Professor and Head, Department of Pathology, Regional Cancer Centre, Thiruvananthapuram, Kerala, India
| | - T R Vinod
- Program Director, Centre for Environment and Development, Thiruvananthapuram, Kerala, India
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Sifaki-Pistolla D, Chatzea VE, Frouzi E, Mechili EA, Pistolla G, Nikiforidis G, Georgoulias V, Lionis C, Tzanakis N. Evidence-Based Conceptual Collection of Methods for Spatial Epidemiology and Analysis to Enhance Cancer Surveillance and Public Health. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2022; 19:12765. [PMID: 36232065 PMCID: PMC9566360 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph191912765] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/02/2022] [Revised: 09/30/2022] [Accepted: 10/01/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
(1) Background: Although spatial statistics are often used by cancer epidemiologists, there is not yet an established collection of methods to serve their needs. We aimed to develop an evidence-based cancer-oriented conceptual collection of methods for spatial analysis; (2) Methods: A triangulation of approaches was used; literature review, consensus meetings (expert panel), and testing the selected methods on "training" databases. The literature review was conducted in three databases. This approach guided the development of a collection of methods that was subsequently commented on by the expert panel and tested on "training data" of cancer cases obtained from the Cancer Registry of Crete based on three epidemiological scenarios: (a) low prevalence cancers, (b) high prevalence cancers, (c) cancer and risk factors; (3) Results: The final spatial epidemiology conceptual collection of methods covered: data preparation/testing randomness, data protection, mapping/visualizing, geographic correlation studies, clustering/surveillance, integration of cancer data with socio-economic, clinical and environmental factors. Some of the tests/techniques included in the conceptual collection of methods were: buffer and proximity analysis, exploratory spatial analysis and others. All suggested that statistical models were found to fit well (R2 = 0.72-0.96) in "training data"; Conclusions: The proposed conceptual collection of methods provides public health professionals with a useful methodological framework along with recommendations for assessing diverse research questions of global health.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Elpiniki Frouzi
- Cancer Registry of Crete, School of Medicine, University of Crete, 71003 Heraklion, Greece
| | - Enkeleint A. Mechili
- Cancer Registry of Crete, School of Medicine, University of Crete, 71003 Heraklion, Greece
| | - Georgia Pistolla
- Cancer Registry of Crete, School of Medicine, University of Crete, 71003 Heraklion, Greece
| | | | - Vassilis Georgoulias
- Cancer Registry of Crete, School of Medicine, University of Crete, 71003 Heraklion, Greece
| | - Christos Lionis
- Cancer Registry of Crete, School of Medicine, University of Crete, 71003 Heraklion, Greece
| | - Nikos Tzanakis
- Cancer Registry of Crete, School of Medicine, University of Crete, 71003 Heraklion, Greece
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Omidakhsh N, Heck JE, Cockburn M, Ling C, Hershman JM, Harari A. Thyroid Cancer and Pesticide Use in a Central California Agricultural Area: A Case Control Study. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 2022; 107:e3574-e3582. [PMID: 35881539 DOI: 10.1210/clinem/dgac413] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2022] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To examine environmental factors that influence risk of thyroid cancer. METHODS We performed a case-control study utilizing thyroid cancer cases from the California Cancer Registry (1999-2012) and controls sampled in a population-based manner. Study participants were included if they were diagnosed with thyroid cancer, lived in the study area at their time of diagnosis, and were ≥35 years of age. Controls were recruited from the same area and eligible to participate if they were ≥35 years of age and had been living in California for at least 5 years prior to the interview. We examined residential exposure to 29 agricultural use pesticides, known to cause DNA damage in vitro or are known endocrine disruptors. We employed a validated geographic information system-based system to generate exposure estimates for each participant. RESULTS Our sample included 2067 cases and 1003 controls. In single pollutant models and within a 20-year exposure period, 10 out of 29 selected pesticides were associated with thyroid cancer, including several of the most applied pesticides in the United States such as paraquat dichloride [odds ratio (OR): 1.46 (95% CI: 1.23, 1.73)], glyphosate [OR: 1.33 (95% CI: 1.12, 1.58)], and oxyfluorfen [OR: 1.21 (95% CI: 1.02, 1.43)]. Risk of thyroid cancer increased proportionately to the total number of pesticides subjects were exposed to 20 years before diagnosis or interview. In all models, paraquat dichloride was associated with thyroid cancer. CONCLUSIONS Our study provides first evidence in support of the hypothesis that residential pesticide exposure from agricultural applications is associated with an increased risk of thyroid cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Negar Omidakhsh
- Department of Epidemiology, Fielding School of Public Health, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Julia E Heck
- College of Health and Public Service, University of North Texas, Denton, TX, USA
| | - Myles Cockburn
- Department of Preventative Medicine, Keck School of Medicine and Department of Geography, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California, USA
| | - Chenxiao Ling
- Department of Epidemiology, Fielding School of Public Health, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Jerome M Hershman
- Department of Medicine, Section of Endocrinology, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Avital Harari
- Department of Surgery, Section of Endocrine Surgery, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA
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GÖKTUĞ MR, ÖZ GÜL Ö, CANDER S. Retrospective evaluation of radioactive iodine ablation therapy in the Noninvasive Follicular Thyroid Neoplasm with Papillary-Like Nuclear Features (NIFTP) and Thyroid tumors with uncertain malignity potential. TURKISH JOURNAL OF INTERNAL MEDICINE 2022. [DOI: 10.46310/tjim.1072982] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022] Open
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Urban MJ, Shimomura A, Shah S, Losenegger T, Westrick J, Jagasia AA. Rural Otolaryngology Care Disparities: A Scoping Review. Otolaryngol Head Neck Surg 2022; 166:1219-1227. [PMID: 35015580 DOI: 10.1177/01945998211068822] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To broadly synthesize the literature regarding rural health disparities in otolaryngology, categorize findings, and identify research gaps to stimulate future work. STUDY DESIGN Scoping review. DATA SOURCES A comprehensive literature search was performed in the following databases: PubMed/MEDLINE, Scopus, Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials, Google Scholar, and CINAHL. REVIEW METHODS The methods were developed in concordance with the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses extension for Scoping Reviews checklist. Peer-reviewed, English-language, US-based studies examining a rural disparity in otolaryngology-related disease incidence, prevalence, diagnosis, treatment, or outcome were included. Descriptive studies, commentaries, reviews, and letters to the editor were excluded. Studies published prior to 1980 were excluded. RESULTS The literature search resulted in 1536 unique abstracts and yielded 79 studies that met final criteria for inclusion. Seventy-five percent were published after 2010. The distribution of literature was as follows: otology (34.2%), head and neck cancer (20.3%), endocrine surgery (13.9%), rhinology and allergy (8.9%), trauma (5.1%), laryngology (3.8%), other pediatrics (2.5%), and adult sleep (1.3%). Studies on otolaryngology health care systems also accounted for 10.1%. The most common topics studied were practice patterns (41%) and epidemiology (27%), while the Southeast (47%) was the most common US region represented, and database study (42%) was the most common study design. CONCLUSION Overall, there was low-quality evidence with large gaps in the literature in all subspecialties, most notably facial plastic surgery, laryngology, adult sleep, and pediatrics. Importantly, there were few studies on intervention and zero studies on resident exposure to rural populations, which will be critical to making rural otolaryngology care more equitable in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matthew J Urban
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, Illinois, USA
| | - Aoi Shimomura
- Loyola University of Chicago, Stritch School of Medicine, Maywood, Illinois, USA
| | - Swapnil Shah
- Creighton University School of Medicine, Omaha, Nebraska, USA
| | - Tasher Losenegger
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, Illinois, USA
| | | | - Ashok A Jagasia
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, Illinois, USA
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Huo S, Liu Y, Sun A, Zhang B. Environmental and social determinants of thyroid cancer: A spatial analysis based on the Geographical Detector. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2022; 13:1052606. [PMID: 36523594 PMCID: PMC9745063 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2022.1052606] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/24/2022] [Accepted: 11/08/2022] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Thyroid cancer has increased sharply in China in recent years. This change may be attributable to multiple factors. The current study aimed to explore the environmental and social determinants of thyroid cancer. METHODS Incidence data from 487 cancer registries in 2016 were collected. Eight factors were considered, namely, air pollution, green space, ambient temperature, ultraviolet radiation, altitude, economic status, healthcare, and education level. A geographical detector (measured by q statistic) was used to evaluate the independent and interactive impact of the eight factors on thyroid cancer. RESULTS Social factors, especially economic status and healthcare level (q > 0.2), were most influential on thyroid cancer.Ultraviolet radiation, air pollution, and temperature had more impact on women, while green space and altitude had more influence on men. Enhanced effects were observed when two factors interacted. Spatially, economic status, healthcare, and air pollution were positively associated with thyroid cancer, while education level, green space, and altitude were negatively related to thyroid cancer. CONCLUSION The socio-environmental determinants and spatial heterogeneity of thyroid cancer were observed in this study. These findings may improve our understanding of thyroid cancer epidemiology and help guide public health interventions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shirui Huo
- School of Life Sciences, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Ying Liu
- School of Life Sciences, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Anyi Sun
- School of Chinese Medicine, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Bo Zhang
- Department of Ultrasound, China-Japan Friendship Hospital, Beijing, China
- *Correspondence: Bo Zhang,
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Harnessing electronic health records to study emerging environmental disasters: a proof of concept with perfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS). NPJ Digit Med 2021; 4:122. [PMID: 34381160 PMCID: PMC8357930 DOI: 10.1038/s41746-021-00494-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2020] [Accepted: 07/27/2021] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Environmental disasters are anthropogenic catastrophic events that affect health. Famous disasters include the Seveso disaster and the Fukushima-Daiichi nuclear meltdown, which had disastrous health consequences. Traditional methods for studying environmental disasters are costly and time-intensive. We propose the use of electronic health records (EHR) and informatics methods to study the health effects of emergent environmental disasters in a cost-effective manner. An emergent environmental disaster is exposure to perfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS) in the Philadelphia area. Penn Medicine (PennMed) comprises multiple hospitals and facilities within the Philadelphia Metropolitan area, including over three thousand PFAS-exposed women living in one of the highest PFAS exposure areas nationwide. We developed a high-throughput method that utilizes only EHR data to evaluate the disease risk in this heavily exposed population. We replicated all five disease/conditions implicated by PFAS exposure, including hypercholesterolemia, thyroid disease, proteinuria, kidney disease and colitis, either directly or via closely related diagnoses. Using EHRs coupled with informatics enables the health impacts of environmental disasters to be more easily studied in large cohorts versus traditional methods that rely on interviews and expensive serum-based testing. By reducing cost and increasing the diversity of individuals included in studies, we can overcome many of the hurdles faced by previous studies, including a lack of racial and ethnic diversity. This proof-of-concept study confirms that EHRs can be used to study human health and disease impacts of environmental disasters and produces equivalent disease-exposure knowledge to prospective epidemiology studies while remaining cost-effective.
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Tariqi AQ, Naughton CC. Water, Health, and Environmental Justice in California: Geospatial Analysis of Nitrate Contamination and Thyroid Cancer. ENVIRONMENTAL ENGINEERING SCIENCE 2021; 38:377-388. [PMID: 34079209 PMCID: PMC8165459 DOI: 10.1089/ees.2020.0315] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2020] [Accepted: 02/20/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Environmental health hazards are known to disproportionately burden marginalized communities. Agriculture, wastewater, and industrial waste contaminate surface and groundwater, used for drinking, with nitrates. High nitrate concentrations in drinking water have been linked to methemoglobinemia and, recently, thyroid cancer. With a large proportion of the nation's agriculture grown in California, thyroid cancer linked to nitrate water contamination is of concern. This research entailed geographic and statistical analysis of water, nitrate, health, and disadvantaged communities (DACs) in California. DACs are Californian defined areas that experience a combination of hardships from socioeconomic, health, and environmental fields. Our analysis of the California Cancer Registry and California Water Board's well data shows statistically significant correlation (p < 0.05) between nitrate contamination (wells >5 and 10 ppm NO3-N per square mile and percentage of total wells) and thyroid cancer incidence. DACs had twice the rate of thyroid cancer compared with non-DACs, and higher numbers of nitrate-contaminated wells and hot spots compared with the state averages. Almost half (47%) of the Central Valley's area contained DACs and 27% of wells >10 ppm NO3-N contaminants. Our study provides a method for other states and countries to conduct preliminary geospatial analysis between water contamination and health with open data. Maps and analysis from this research can inform the public, advocacy groups, and policy leaders of health-related concerns in relation to nitrate water contamination and environmental justice in California. DACs should be provided cost-effective drinking water monitoring and treatment, and governments should incentivize nitrate loading reductions in agriculture, industry, and wastewater. Future research is recommended with more localized, private health data on thyroid cancer incidence.
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Affiliation(s)
- Arianna Q. Tariqi
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, University of California Merced, Merced, California, USA
| | - Colleen C. Naughton
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, University of California Merced, Merced, California, USA
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Panato C, Vaccarella S, Dal Maso L, Basu P, Franceschi S, Serraino D, Wang K, Lei F, Chen Q, Huang B, Mathew A. Thyroid Cancer Incidence in India Between 2006 and 2014 and Impact of Overdiagnosis. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 2020; 105:dgaa192. [PMID: 32297630 PMCID: PMC7947989 DOI: 10.1210/clinem/dgaa192] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/09/2020] [Accepted: 04/14/2020] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
CONTEXT/OBJECTIVE Increases of thyroid cancer (TC) incidence emerged in the past several decades in several countries. This study aimed to estimate time trends of TC incidence in India and the proportion of TC cases potentially attributable to overdiagnosis by sex, age, and area. DESIGN TC cases aged 0 to 74 years reported to Indian cancer registries during 2006 through 2014 were included. Age-standardized incidence rates (ASR) and TC overdiagnosis were estimated by sex, period, age, and area. RESULTS Between 2006 to 2008 and 2012 to 2014, the ASRs for TC in India increased from 2.5 to 3.5/100,000 women (+37%) and from 1.0 to 1.3/100,000 men (+27%). However, up to a 10-fold difference was found among regions in both sexes. Highest ASRs emerged in Thiruvananthapuram (14.6/100,000 women and 4.1/100,000 men in 2012-2014), with 93% increase in women and 64% in men compared with 2006 to 2008. No evidence of overdiagnosis was found in Indian men. Conversely, overdiagnosis accounted for 51% of TC in Indian women: 74% in those aged < 35 years, 50% at ages 35 to 54 years, and 30% at ages 55 to 64 years. In particular, 80% of TC overdiagnosis in women emerged in Thiruvananthapuram, whereas none or limited evidence of overdiagnosis emerged in Kamrup, Dibrugarh, Bhopal, or Sikkim. CONCLUSIONS Relatively high and increasing TC ASRs emerged in Indian regions where better access to health care was reported. In India, as elsewhere, new strategies are needed to discourage opportunistic screening practice, particularly in young women, and to avoid unnecessary and expensive treatments. Present results may serve as a warning also for other transitioning countries.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chiara Panato
- Cancer Epidemiology Unit, Centro di Riferimento Oncologico di Aviano (CRO) IRCCS, Aviano, Italy
| | | | - Luigino Dal Maso
- Cancer Epidemiology Unit, Centro di Riferimento Oncologico di Aviano (CRO) IRCCS, Aviano, Italy
| | - Partha Basu
- International Agency for Research on Cancer, Lyon, France
| | - Silvia Franceschi
- Scientific Directorate, Centro di Riferimento Oncologico di Aviano (CRO) IRCCS, Aviano, Italy
| | - Diego Serraino
- Cancer Epidemiology Unit, Centro di Riferimento Oncologico di Aviano (CRO) IRCCS, Aviano, Italy
| | - Kevin Wang
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Medical Oncology, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY, USA
| | - Feitong Lei
- Department of Biostatistics, College of Public Health, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY, USA
| | - Quan Chen
- Biostatistics and Bioinformatics Shared Facility, Markey Cancer Center, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY, USA
| | - Bin Huang
- Department of Biostatistics, College of Public Health, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY, USA
- Biostatistics and Bioinformatics Shared Facility, Markey Cancer Center, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY, USA
| | - Aju Mathew
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Medical Oncology, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY, USA
- MOSC Medical College Kolenchery, Kerala, India
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15
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Lin B, Lu B, Hsieh IY, Liang Z, Sun Z, Yi Y, Lv W, Zhao W, Li J. Synergy of GSK-J4 With Doxorubicin in KRAS-Mutant Anaplastic Thyroid Cancer. Front Pharmacol 2020; 11:632. [PMID: 32477122 PMCID: PMC7239034 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2020.00632] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2020] [Accepted: 04/21/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Anaplastic thyroid cancer is the most aggressive thyroid cancer and has a poor prognosis. At present, there is no effective treatment for it. Methods Here, we used different concentrations of GSK-J4 or a combination of GSK-J4 and doxorubicin to treat human Cal-62, 8505C, and 8305C anaplastic thyroid cancer (ATC) cell lines. The in vitro experiments were performed using cell viability assays, cell cycle assays, annexin-V/PI binding assays, Transwell migration assays, and wound-healing assays. Tumor xenograft models were used to observe effects in vivo. Results The half maximal inhibitory concentration (IC50) of GSK-J4 in Cal-62 cells was 1.502 μM, and as the dose of GSK-J4 increased, more ATC cells were blocked in the G2-M and S stage. The combination of GSK-J4 and doxorubicin significantly increased the inhibitory effect on proliferation, especially in KRAS-mutant ATC cells in vivo (inhibition rate 38.0%) and in vitro (suppresses rate Fa value 0.624, CI value 0.673). The invasion and migration abilities of the KRAS-mutant cell line were inhibited at a low concentration (p < 0.05). Conclusions The combination of GSK-J4 with doxorubicin in KRAS-mutant ATC achieved tumor-suppressive effects at a low dose. The synergy of the combination of GSK-J4 and doxorubicin may make it an effective chemotherapy regimen for KRAS-mutant ATC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bo Lin
- Department of Breast and Thyroid Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Bing Lu
- Institute of Urology of Shenzhen University, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Shenzhen University, Shenzhen Luohu Hospital Group, Shenzhen, China
| | - I-Yun Hsieh
- Department of Breast and Thyroid Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Zhen Liang
- Department of Breast Surgery, Guangzhou Women and Children's Medical Center, Guangzhou, China
| | - Zicheng Sun
- Department of Breast and Thyroid Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yang Yi
- Key Laboratory of Stem Cells and Tissue Engineering (Sun Yat-sen University), Ministry of Education, Guangzhou, China
| | - Weiming Lv
- Department of Breast and Thyroid Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Wei Zhao
- Key Laboratory of Stem Cells and Tissue Engineering (Sun Yat-sen University), Ministry of Education, Guangzhou, China.,RNA Biomedical Institute, Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China.,Department of Research and Development, Shenzhen Institute for Innovation and Translational Medicine, Shenzhen, China
| | - Jie Li
- Department of Breast and Thyroid Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
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16
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Chen G, Gao Y, Wang G, Dai G, Tong L. MiR-145 inhibits the migration and invasion of papillary thyroid carcinoma cells through NF-κB pathway regulation. J Cell Biochem 2020; 121:3325-3332. [PMID: 31907977 DOI: 10.1002/jcb.29604] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/27/2018] [Accepted: 12/09/2019] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Papillary thyroid carcinoma (PTC) is the most prevalent cancer in the endocrine system, and the number of patients diagnosed with PTC has been increasing rapidly in recent years. Previous studies have reported that miR-145 plays an important role in many kinds of cancers, but its function in PTC remains unclear. In this study, we found that compared to paracancerous tissues, the level of miR-145 expression was significantly downregulated in PTC tissues. When miR-145 is overexpressed, migration and invasion of PTC cells were suppressed in vitro. In addition, we found that miR-145 downregulated the nuclear factor-κB (NF-κB) pathway in PTC cells. Taken together, our data suggest that miR-145 functions as a tumor suppressor in PTC with the suppressive effect related to downregulation of the NF-κB pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gengyu Chen
- The Second Department of General Surgery, The Fourth Hospital of Jinan City, Jinan, Shandong, China
| | - Ying Gao
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Shandong Qianfoshan Hospital, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, China
| | - Gangpu Wang
- The Second Department of General Surgery, The Fourth Hospital of Jinan City, Jinan, Shandong, China
| | - Guofeng Dai
- The Second Department of General Surgery, The Fourth Hospital of Jinan City, Jinan, Shandong, China
| | - Li Tong
- The Second Department of General Surgery, The Fourth Hospital of Jinan City, Jinan, Shandong, China
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17
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Boland MR, Kashyap A, Xiong J, Holmes J, Lorch S. Development and validation of the PEPPER framework (Prenatal Exposure PubMed ParsER) with applications to food additives. J Am Med Inform Assoc 2019; 25:1432-1443. [PMID: 30371821 PMCID: PMC6213088 DOI: 10.1093/jamia/ocy119] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2018] [Accepted: 08/13/2018] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Globally, 36% of deaths among children can be attributed to environmental factors. However, no comprehensive list of environmental exposures exists. We seek to address this gap by developing a literature-mining algorithm to catalog prenatal environmental exposures. Methods We designed a framework called. PEPPER Prenatal Exposure PubMed ParsER to a) catalog prenatal exposures studied in the literature and b) identify study type. Using PubMed Central, PEPPER classifies article type (methodology, systematic review) and catalogs prenatal exposures. We coupled PEPPER with the FDA's food additive database to form a master set of exposures. Results We found that of 31 764 prenatal exposure studies only 53.0% were methodology studies. PEPPER consists of 219 prenatal exposures, including a common set of 43 exposures. PEPPER captured prenatal exposures from 56.4% of methodology studies (9492/16 832 studies). Two raters independently reviewed 50 randomly selected articles and annotated presence of exposures and study methodology type. Error rates for PEPPER's exposure assignment ranged from 0.56% to 1.30% depending on the rater. Evaluation of the study type assignment showed agreement ranging from 96% to 100% (kappa = 0.909, p < .001). Using a gold-standard set of relevant prenatal exposure studies, PEPPER achieved a recall of 94.4%. Conclusions Using curated exposures and food additives; PEPPER provides the first comprehensive list of 219 prenatal exposures studied in methodology papers. On average, 1.45 exposures were investigated per study. PEPPER successfully distinguished article type for all prenatal studies allowing literature gaps to be easily identified.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mary Regina Boland
- Department of Biostatistics, Epidemiology and Informatics, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA.,Institute for Biomedical Informatics, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA.,Center for Excellence in Environmental Toxicology, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA.,Department of Biomedical and Health Informatics, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Aditya Kashyap
- Data Science Masters Program, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Jiadi Xiong
- Data Science Masters Program, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - John Holmes
- Department of Biostatistics, Epidemiology and Informatics, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA.,Institute for Biomedical Informatics, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Scott Lorch
- Division of Neonatology, Department of Pediatrics, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA, USA
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18
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Lin B, Ma H, Ma M, Zhang Z, Sun Z, Hsieh IY, Okenwa O, Guan H, Li J, Lv W. The incidence and survival analysis for anaplastic thyroid cancer: a SEER database analysis. Am J Transl Res 2019; 11:5888-5896. [PMID: 31632557 PMCID: PMC6789224] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2019] [Accepted: 08/27/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Thyroid carcinoma is the most common malignant endocrine tumor; the anaplastic thyroid cancer subtype is aggressive and has a poor prognosis. However, there is no effective treatment for this disease. METHODS This study was analyzed using the Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results (SEER) database. Joinpoint regression models, linear regression models, Kaplan-Meier survival curves and Cox regression models were used to study the trends in incidence, survival rate and median survival time and to detect the risk factors affecting prognosis in patients with anaplastic thyroid cancer. RESULTS While the incidence rate and truncated incidence rate fluctuated slightly over the past 30 years, they were relatively stable and had no obvious upward trend (APC = -0.22 and 0.24, respectively, P>0.05). The median survival was 3.16 months, and the survival rate did not improve significantly (the APC values of the 3-, 6-, 9-, and 12-month survival rates were 0.44, 0.35, -0.23 and -0.86, respectively, P>0.05). After subgroup analysis and survival analysis, it was concluded that the prognosis of the patients might be related to their metastatic stage, surgical status, chemotherapy treatment, age and socioeconomic status at the time of diagnosis (P<0.05). Total thyroidectomy is superior to other methods and is beneficial in prolonging the life of patients and improving the overall survival rate (the median survival was 10 months, and the 6-month survival rate was 59.26%). CONCLUSION The incidence trend for anaplastic thyroid cancer over the last 30 years was stable, and the survival rate and median survival time were not significantly improved. The prognosis of the patients may be related to their metastatic stage, age, socioeconomic status, surgical status and chemotherapy treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bo Lin
- Department of Thyroid and Breast Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen UniversityGuangzhou 510000, China
| | - Haiqing Ma
- Department of Interventional Oncology and Biotherapy, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Biomedical Imaging, The Fifth Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen UniversityZhuhai 519000, China
| | - Maoguang Ma
- Department of Thyroid and Breast Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen UniversityGuangzhou 510000, China
| | - Zhicheng Zhang
- Department of General Surgery, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical UniversityGuangzhou 510000, China
| | - Zicheng Sun
- Department of Thyroid and Breast Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen UniversityGuangzhou 510000, China
| | - I-yun Hsieh
- Department of Thyroid and Breast Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen UniversityGuangzhou 510000, China
| | - Okose Okenwa
- Texas A&M College of MedicineCollege Station, TX 77843, USA
| | - Haoyan Guan
- Department of Thyroid and Breast Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen UniversityGuangzhou 510000, China
| | - Jie Li
- Department of Thyroid and Breast Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen UniversityGuangzhou 510000, China
- The Division of Thyroid and Parathyroid Endocrine Surgery, Massachusetts Eye and Ear Infirmary, Harvard Medical SchoolBoston, MA 02114, USA
| | - Weiming Lv
- Department of Thyroid and Breast Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen UniversityGuangzhou 510000, China
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19
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Carr FE. THYROID CANCER. Cancer 2019. [DOI: 10.1002/9781119645214.ch23] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
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20
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Bolf EL, Sprague BL, Carr FE. A Linkage Between Thyroid and Breast Cancer: A Common Etiology? Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev 2018; 28:643-649. [PMID: 30541751 DOI: 10.1158/1055-9965.epi-18-0877] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/07/2018] [Revised: 10/11/2018] [Accepted: 12/07/2018] [Indexed: 01/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Breast and thyroid cancers are two malignancies with highest incidence in women. These cancers often occur metachronously. Women with thyroid cancer are at increased risk for subsequent breast cancer; women with breast cancer have an increased incidence of later development of thyroid cancer, suggesting a common etiology. This bidirectional relationship is reported worldwide; however, the underlying reasons for this co-occurrence are unknown. In this review, we summarize the current epidemiologic evidence and putative mechanisms of these metachronous or synchronous cancers. Key potential causative factors are chemotherapy and radiotherapy of the primary tumor, genetic variants linking the two diseases, hormonal signaling both from the thyroid gland and from estrogens, and lifestyle and environmental factors. There is a critical need for additional epidemiologic studies focused on gender and regional incidence together with molecular investigations on common tumorigenic pathways in these endocrine cancers. Understanding the putative mechanisms will aid in the diagnosis and clinical management of both diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eric L Bolf
- Department of Pharmacology, Larner College of Medicine, University of Vermont, Burlington, Vermont.,University of Vermont Cancer Center, Larner College of Medicine, University of Vermont, Burlington, Vermont
| | - Brian L Sprague
- University of Vermont Cancer Center, Larner College of Medicine, University of Vermont, Burlington, Vermont.,Department of Biochemistry, Larner College of Medicine, University of Vermont, Burlington, Vermont.,Department of Surgery, Larner College of Medicine, University of Vermont, Burlington, Vermont
| | - Frances E Carr
- Department of Pharmacology, Larner College of Medicine, University of Vermont, Burlington, Vermont. .,University of Vermont Cancer Center, Larner College of Medicine, University of Vermont, Burlington, Vermont
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21
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Nakaya T, Takahashi K, Takahashi H, Yasumura S, Ohira T, Ohto H, Ohtsuru A, Midorikawa S, Suzuki S, Shimura H, Yamashita S, Tanigawa K, Kamiya K. Spatial analysis of the geographical distribution of thyroid cancer cases from the first-round thyroid ultrasound examination in Fukushima Prefecture. Sci Rep 2018; 8:17661. [PMID: 30518765 PMCID: PMC6281575 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-018-35971-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2018] [Accepted: 11/13/2018] [Indexed: 01/22/2023] Open
Abstract
Following the Fukushima Daiichi Nuclear Power Plant (FNPP) accident on 11 March 2011, there have been concerns regarding the health impacts of the ensuing radioactive environmental contamination, which was spatially heterogeneous. This study aimed to assess the geographical variability of thyroid cancer prevalence among children and adolescents in Fukushima Prefecture. We computed the sex- and age-standardised prevalence ratio using 115 diagnosed or suspected thyroid cancer cases among approximately 300,000 examinees at the first-round ultrasound examination during 2011–2015 from 59 municipalities in the prefecture, under the Fukushima Health Management Survey. We applied flexibly shaped spatial scan statistics and the maximised excess events test on the dataset to detect locally anomalous high-prevalence regions. We also conducted Poisson regression with selected regional indicators. Furthermore, approximately 200 examinees showed positive ultrasound examination results but did not undergo confirmatory testing; thus, we employed simulation-based sensitivity tests to evaluate the possible effect of such undiagnosed cases in the statistical analysis. In conclusion, this study found no significant spatial anomalies/clusters or geographic trends of thyroid cancer prevalence among the ultrasound examinees, indicating that the thyroid cancer cases detected are unlikely to be attributable to regional factors, including radiation exposure resulting from the FNPP accident.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tomoki Nakaya
- Graduate School of Environmental Studies, Tohoku University, Aoba-ku, Sendai-city, Miyagi, 980-0845, Japan.
| | - Kunihiko Takahashi
- Department of Biostatistics, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Showa-ku, Nagoya-city, Aichi, 466-8550, Japan
| | - Hideto Takahashi
- National Institute of Public Health, Wako-city, Saitama, 351-0197, Japan
| | - Seiji Yasumura
- Radiation Medical Science Center for the Fukushima Health Management Survey, Fukushima Medical University, Fukushima-city, Fukushima, 960-1295, Japan.,Department of Public Health, School of Medicine, Fukushima Medical University, Fukushima-city, Fukushima, 960-1295, Japan
| | - Tetsuya Ohira
- Radiation Medical Science Center for the Fukushima Health Management Survey, Fukushima Medical University, Fukushima-city, Fukushima, 960-1295, Japan.,Department of Epidemiology, School of Medicine, Fukushima Medical University, Fukushima-city, Fukushima, 960-1295, Japan
| | - Hitoshi Ohto
- Radiation Medical Science Center for the Fukushima Health Management Survey, Fukushima Medical University, Fukushima-city, Fukushima, 960-1295, Japan
| | - Akira Ohtsuru
- Radiation Medical Science Center for the Fukushima Health Management Survey, Fukushima Medical University, Fukushima-city, Fukushima, 960-1295, Japan.,Department of Radiation Health Management, School of Medicine, Fukushima Medical University, Fukushima-city, Fukushima, 960-1295, Japan
| | - Sanae Midorikawa
- Radiation Medical Science Center for the Fukushima Health Management Survey, Fukushima Medical University, Fukushima-city, Fukushima, 960-1295, Japan.,Department of Radiation Health Management, School of Medicine, Fukushima Medical University, Fukushima-city, Fukushima, 960-1295, Japan
| | - Shinichi Suzuki
- Department of Thyroid and Endocrinology, Fukushima Medical University, Fukushima-city, Fukushima, 960-1295, Japan
| | - Hiroki Shimura
- Radiation Medical Science Center for the Fukushima Health Management Survey, Fukushima Medical University, Fukushima-city, Fukushima, 960-1295, Japan.,Department of Laboratory Medicine, School of Medicine, Fukushima Medical University, Fukushima-city, Fukushima, 960-1295, Japan
| | - Shunichi Yamashita
- Radiation Medical Science Center for the Fukushima Health Management Survey, Fukushima Medical University, Fukushima-city, Fukushima, 960-1295, Japan.,Department of Radiation Medical Sciences, Atomic Bomb Disease Institute, Nagasaki University, Nagasaki-city, Nagasaki, 852-8523, Japan
| | - Koichi Tanigawa
- Radiation Medical Science Center for the Fukushima Health Management Survey, Fukushima Medical University, Fukushima-city, Fukushima, 960-1295, Japan
| | - Kenji Kamiya
- Radiation Medical Science Center for the Fukushima Health Management Survey, Fukushima Medical University, Fukushima-city, Fukushima, 960-1295, Japan.,Research Institute for Radiation Biology and Medicine, Hiroshima University, Minami-ku, Hiroshima-city, Hiroshima, 734-5844, Japan
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22
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Gu Y, Yang N, Yin L, Feng C, Liu T. Inhibitory roles of miR‑9 on papillary thyroid cancer through targeting BRAF. Mol Med Rep 2018; 18:965-972. [PMID: 29767243 DOI: 10.3892/mmr.2018.9010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/08/2016] [Accepted: 07/24/2017] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
MicroRNA‑9 (miR‑9) is reported to be underexpressed in papillary thyroid carcinoma (PTC) tissues; however, the molecular mechanisms underlying the implication of miR‑9 in PTC have yet to be elucidated. The present study aimed to explore the potential roles of miR‑9 in PTC. PTC tissue samples and paired non‑cancerous adjacent tissues were collected from 60 patients with PTC. The human TPC‑1 thyroid gland papillary carcinoma cell line was used to investigate the molecular mechanisms underlying the roles of miR‑9 in PTC. The levels of miR‑9 and its downstream target gene BRAF were detected through reverse transcription‑quantitative polymerase chain reaction. MTT assay and flow cytometry were performed to evaluate cell viability and apoptosis, respectively. A mouse xenograft tumor model was established to observe the effects of miR‑9 on thyroid gland tumorigenesis in vivo. The present study revealed that the expression of miR‑9 was significantly reduced in PTC tissues compared with paired normal tissues. In addition, miR‑9 upregulation suppressed the expression of BRAF in TPC‑1 cells in vitro. Luciferase reporter assay demonstrated that BRAF may be a direct target gene of miR‑9 in TPC‑1 cells. In addition, following transfection with miR‑9 mimics, the viability of TPC‑1 cells was suppressed and their apoptosis was enhanced; conversely, transfection with miR‑9 inhibitor exerted the opposite effects in vitro. miR‑9 overexpression or downregulation also affected in vivo PTC tumorigenesis in athymic mice. The present findings suggested that miR‑9 may suppress the viability of PTC cells and inhibit tumor growth through directly targeting the expression of BRAF in PTC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yi Gu
- Sichuan Academy of Medical Sciences, Sichuan Provincial People's Hospital, Chengdu, Sichuan 610072, P.R. China
| | - Nan Yang
- College of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, Sichuan 611137, P.R. China
| | - Leping Yin
- Sichuan Academy of Medical Sciences, Sichuan Provincial People's Hospital, Chengdu, Sichuan 610072, P.R. China
| | - Chao Feng
- Sichuan Academy of Medical Sciences, Sichuan Provincial People's Hospital, Chengdu, Sichuan 610072, P.R. China
| | - Tong Liu
- Sichuan Academy of Medical Sciences, Sichuan Provincial People's Hospital, Chengdu, Sichuan 610072, P.R. China
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Dal Maso L, Panato C, Franceschi S, Serraino D, Buzzoni C, Busco S, Ferretti S, Torrisi A, Falcini F, Zorzi M, Cirilli C, Mazzucco W, Magoni M, Collarile P, Pannozzo F, Caiazzo AL, Russo AG, Gili A, Caldarella A, Zanetti R, Michiara M, Mangone L, Filiberti RA, Fusco M, Gasparini F, Tagliabue G, Cesaraccio R, Tumino R, Gatti L, Tisano F, Piffer S, Sini GM, Mazzoleni G, Rosso S, Fanetti AC, Vaccarella S. The impact of overdiagnosis on thyroid cancer epidemic in Italy,1998-2012. Eur J Cancer 2018; 94:6-15. [PMID: 29502036 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejca.2018.01.083] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2017] [Revised: 01/16/2018] [Accepted: 01/20/2018] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
AIMS In Italy, incidence rates of thyroid cancer (TC) are among the highest worldwide with substantial intracountry heterogeneity. The aim of the study was to examine time trends of TC incidence in Italy and to estimate the proportion of TC cases potentially attributable to overdiagnosis. METHODS Data on TC cases reported to Italian cancer registries during 1998-2012 aged <85 years were included. Age-standardised incidence rates (ASR) were computed by sex, period, and histology. TC overdiagnosis was estimated by sex, period, age, and Italian region. RESULTS In Italy between 1998-2002 and 2008-2012, TC ASR increased of 74% in women (from 16.2 to 28.2/100,000) and of 90% in men (from 5.3 to 10.1/100,000). ASR increases were nearly exclusively due to papillary TC (+91% in women, +120% in men). In both sexes, more than three-fold differences emerged between regions with highest and lowest ASR. Among TC cases diagnosed in 1998-2012 in Italy, we estimated that overdiagnosis accounted for 75% of cases in women and 63% in men and increased over the study period leading to overdiagnosis of 79% in women and 67% in men in 2008-2012. Notably, overdiagnosis was over 80% among women aged <55 years, and substantial variations were documented across Italian regions, in both genders. CONCLUSION(S) Incidence rates of TC are steadily increasing in Italy and largely due to overdiagnosis. These findings call for an update of thyroid gland examination practices in the asymptomatic general population, at national and regional levels.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luigino Dal Maso
- Cancer Epidemiology Unit, CRO Aviano National Cancer Institute IRCCS, Aviano, Italy.
| | - Chiara Panato
- Cancer Epidemiology Unit, CRO Aviano National Cancer Institute IRCCS, Aviano, Italy
| | | | - Diego Serraino
- Cancer Epidemiology Unit, CRO Aviano National Cancer Institute IRCCS, Aviano, Italy
| | - Carlotta Buzzoni
- Tuscany Cancer Registry, Clinical and Descriptive Epidemiology Unit, Cancer Prevention and Research Institute (ISPO), Florence, Italy; AIRTUM Database, Florence, Italy
| | - Susanna Busco
- Cancer Registry of Latina Province, ASL Latina, Italy
| | - Stefano Ferretti
- Ferrara Cancer Registry, University of Ferrara, Azienda USL Ferrara, Italy
| | - Antonietta Torrisi
- Registro Tumori Integrato Catania-Messina-Siracusa-Enna, Università Degli Studi di Catania, Italy
| | - Fabio Falcini
- Romagna Cancer Registry, Istituto Scientifico Romagnolo per lo Studio e la Cura dei Tumori (IRST) IRCCS, Meldola (Forlì), Italy-Azienda Usl della Romagna, Forlì, Italy
| | - Manuel Zorzi
- Veneto Tumor Registry, Veneto Region, Padua, Italy
| | - Claudia Cirilli
- Modena Cancer Registry, Public Health Department, AUSL Modena, Italy
| | - Walter Mazzucco
- Palermo and Province Cancer Registry, Clinical Epidemiology Unit with Cancer Registry, Azienda Ospedaliera Universitaria Policlinico "Paolo Giaccone", University of Palermo, Italy
| | - Michele Magoni
- Brescia Cancer Registry, Epidemiology Unit, Brescia Health Protection Agency, Italy
| | - Paolo Collarile
- Cancer Epidemiology Unit, CRO Aviano National Cancer Institute IRCCS, Aviano, Italy
| | | | | | | | - Alessio Gili
- Public Health Section, Dept. of Experimental Medicine, University of Perugia, Italy
| | - Adele Caldarella
- Tuscany Cancer Registry, Clinical and Descriptive Epidemiology Unit, Cancer Prevention and Research Institute (ISPO), Florence, Italy
| | - Roberto Zanetti
- Piedmont Cancer Registry, City of Torino, Ospedale S. Giovanni Battista-CPO, Torino, Italy
| | - Maria Michiara
- Parma Cancer Registry, Oncology Unit, Azienda Ospedaliera Universitaria di Parma, Italy
| | - Lucia Mangone
- Reggio Emilia Cancer Registry, Epidemiology Unit, AUSL ASMN-IRCCS, Azienda USL di Reggio Emilia, Italy
| | - Rosa Angela Filiberti
- Liguria Region Cancer Registry, Epidemiologia Clinica, Ospedale Policlinico San Martino IRCCS, Genova, Italy
| | - Mario Fusco
- Cancer Registry of ASL Napoli 3 Sud, Napoli, Italy
| | | | - Giovanna Tagliabue
- Lombardy Cancer Registry, Varese Province, Cancer Registry Unit, Department of Research, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Nazionale dei Tumori, Milan, Italy
| | - Rosaria Cesaraccio
- North Sardinia Cancer Registry, Azienda Regionale per la Tutela della Salute, Sassari, Italy
| | - Rosario Tumino
- Cancer Registry and Histopathology Department, "Civic - M.P. Arezzo" Hospital, ASP Ragusa, Italy
| | - Luciana Gatti
- Mantova Cancer Registry, Epidemilogy Unit, Agenzia di Tutela Della Salute (ATS) Della Val Padana, Mantova, Italy
| | - Francesco Tisano
- Cancer Registry of the Province of Siracusa, Local Health Unit of Siracusa, Italy
| | - Silvano Piffer
- Trento Province Cancer Registry, Unit of Clinical Epidemiology, Trento, Italy
| | | | | | - Stefano Rosso
- Piedmont Cancer Registry, Biella Province, Biella, Italy
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Sanabria A, Kowalski LP, Shah JP, Nixon IJ, Angelos P, Williams MD, Rinaldo A, Ferlito A. Growing incidence of thyroid carcinoma in recent years: Factors underlying overdiagnosis. Head Neck 2017; 40:855-866. [PMID: 29206325 DOI: 10.1002/hed.25029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 76] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/05/2017] [Revised: 09/24/2017] [Accepted: 10/25/2017] [Indexed: 01/03/2023] Open
Abstract
There is an increasing incidence of well-differentiated thyroid cancer worldwide. Much of the increase is secondary to increased detection of small, low-risk tumors, with questionable clinical significance. This review addresses the factors that contribute to the increasing incidence and considers environmental, and patient-based and clinician-led influences. Articles addressing the causes of the increased incidence were critically reviewed. A complex interplay of environmental, medical, and social pressures has resulted in increased awareness of the thyroid disease risk, increased screening of thyroid cancers, and increased diagnosis of thyroid cancers. Although there is evidence to suggest that the true disease incidence may be changing slightly, most of the increase is related to factors that promote early diagnosis of low-risk lesions, which is resulting in a significant phenomenon of overdiagnosis. An improved understanding of these pressures at a global level will enable healthcare policymakers to react appropriately to this challenge in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alvaro Sanabria
- Department of Surgery, School of Medicine, Universidad de Antioquia, Clinica Vida/Instituto de Cancerología Las Americas, Medellin, Colombia, South America
| | - Luiz P Kowalski
- Department of Head and Neck Surgery and Otorhinolaryngology, A.C. Camargo Cancer Center, Sao Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | - Jatin P Shah
- Department of Head and Neck Oncology, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York
| | | | - Peter Angelos
- Department of Surgery, University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois
| | - Michelle D Williams
- Department of Pathology, Division of Pathology/Laboratory Medicine, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas
| | | | - Alfio Ferlito
- Coordinator of the International Head and Neck Scientific Group
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25
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Yao X, Cheng X, Zhang L, Yu H, Bao J, Guan H, Lu R. Punicalagin from pomegranate promotes human papillary thyroid carcinoma BCPAP cell death by triggering ATM-mediated DNA damage response. Nutr Res 2017; 47:63-71. [PMID: 29241579 DOI: 10.1016/j.nutres.2017.09.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2017] [Revised: 09/04/2017] [Accepted: 09/05/2017] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
Punicalagin (PUN), a component derived from pomegranate, is well known for its anticancer activity. Our previous work revealed that PUN induces autophagic cell death in papillary thyroid carcinoma cells. We hypothesized that PUN triggers DNA damage associated with cell death because DNA damage was reported as an inducer of autophagy. Our results showed that PUN treatment caused DNA breaks as evidenced by the significant enhancement in the phosphorylation of H2A.X. However, reactive oxygen species and DNA conformational alteration, 2 common inducing factors in DNA damage, were not involved in PUN-induced DNA damage. The phosphorylation of ataxia-telangiectasia mutated gene-encoded protein (ATM) but not ataxia telangiectasia and Rad3-related protein (ATR) was up-regulated in a time- and dosage-dependent manner after PUN treatment. KU-55933, an inhibitor of ATM, inhibited the phosphorylation of ATM induced by PUN and reversed the decreased cell viability caused by PUN. Thus, we demonstrated that PUN induces cell death of papillary thyroid carcinoma cells by triggering ATM-mediated DNA damage response, which provided novel mechanisms and potential targets for the better understanding of the anticancer actions of PUN.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xin Yao
- Key Laboratory of Nuclear Medicine, Ministry of Health, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Molecular Nuclear Medicine, Jiangsu Institute of Nuclear Medicine, Wuxi, Jiangsu, China; School of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu, China.
| | - Xian Cheng
- Key Laboratory of Nuclear Medicine, Ministry of Health, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Molecular Nuclear Medicine, Jiangsu Institute of Nuclear Medicine, Wuxi, Jiangsu, China.
| | - Li Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Nuclear Medicine, Ministry of Health, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Molecular Nuclear Medicine, Jiangsu Institute of Nuclear Medicine, Wuxi, Jiangsu, China; State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, School of Life Sciences, Nanjing University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China.
| | - Huixin Yu
- Key Laboratory of Nuclear Medicine, Ministry of Health, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Molecular Nuclear Medicine, Jiangsu Institute of Nuclear Medicine, Wuxi, Jiangsu, China.
| | - Jiandong Bao
- Key Laboratory of Nuclear Medicine, Ministry of Health, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Molecular Nuclear Medicine, Jiangsu Institute of Nuclear Medicine, Wuxi, Jiangsu, China.
| | - Haixia Guan
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism and Institute of Endocrinology, the First Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning, China.
| | - Rongrong Lu
- School of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu, China.
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Yang Y, Xia S, Ni X, Ni Z, Zhang L, Wang W, Kong Y, Wang Y, Ye L, Zhan W. MiR-324-5p assists ultrasonography in predicting lymph node metastasis of unifocal papillary thyroid microcarcinoma without extracapsular spread. Oncotarget 2017; 8:83802-83816. [PMID: 29137384 PMCID: PMC5663556 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.19717] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2016] [Accepted: 06/30/2017] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Ultrasonography is the first choice of lymph node metastasis (LNM) detection which is crucial for therapeutic options of papillary thyroid cancer (PTC). However, the sensitivity of ultrasonography in detecting LNM of PTC is relatively low; especially in central LNM. MiR-324-5p has been reported to play important roles in the metastasis of various cancers. To explore the relationship between miR-324-5p and LNM in PTC, quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction was performed in PTC tissue and fine needle aspiration (FNA) washout successively. Its correlation with LNM of PTC was analyzed. The clinicopathological and sonographic factors relating to LNM were also studied. Additionally, the function assay of miR-324-5p in PTC cells was conducted. Current study demonstrated that age was an independent protective factor and multifocality, advanced TNM stage, increased transverse diameter of thyroid nodule, ultrasound suspected LNM were independent risk factors of LNM. MiR-324-5p promoted proliferation, migration and invasion of PTC cell line. MiR-324-5p could serve as a candidate predictor along with ultrasonography in predicting LNM, especially central LNM of unifocal papillary thyroid microcarcinoma without extracapsular spread.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanhua Yang
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China.,Department of Ultrasonography, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Shujun Xia
- Department of Ultrasonography, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Xiaofeng Ni
- Department of Ultrasonography, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Zhongxin Ni
- Department of Ultrasonography, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Lu Zhang
- Department of Ultrasonography, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Wenhan Wang
- Department of Ultrasonography, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Yanjun Kong
- Department of Ultrasonography, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Yan Wang
- Department of Ultrasonography, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Lei Ye
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Weiwei Zhan
- Department of Ultrasonography, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
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Correction to: Thyroid 2015;25(7):812-822. Thyroid 2015; 25:1385. [PMID: 26539699 PMCID: PMC4685904 DOI: 10.1089/thy.2015.0039.cxn] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
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28
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Vaccarella S, Dal Maso L, Laversanne M, Bray F, Plummer M, Franceschi S. The Impact of Diagnostic Changes on the Rise in Thyroid Cancer Incidence: A Population-Based Study in Selected High-Resource Countries. Thyroid 2015; 25:1127-36. [PMID: 26133012 DOI: 10.1089/thy.2015.0116] [Citation(s) in RCA: 218] [Impact Index Per Article: 24.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Thyroid cancer (TC) incidence is rising in many countries, but the corresponding mortality is constant or declining. Incidence increases appear largely restricted to small papillary TC in young/middle-age individuals. We compared age-specific incidence rates across countries and time periods in order to estimate the fraction of TC possibly attributable to increased surveillance of the thyroid gland (diagnostic changes) following the introduction of neck ultrasonography in the 1980s. METHODS We focused on high-resource countries, including four Nordic countries, England and Scotland, France, Italy, the United States, Australia, Japan, and the Republic of Korea. Before the 1970s, TC incidence in Nordic countries increased proportionally to the second power of age, consistent with the multistage model of carcinogenesis. Using this historical observation for reference, we attributed the progressive departure from linearity of the age curves in each country to an increased detection of asymptomatic disease in young/middle-age individuals. The proportion of cases attributable to diagnostic changes was estimated from the difference between observed rates and those expected using the Nordic countries as reference. RESULTS Diagnostic changes may account for ≥60% of TC cases diagnosed in 2003-2007 in women aged under 80 years in France, Italy, the United States, Australia, and the Republic of Korea, and approximately 50% in other assessed countries, except Japan (30%). The proportions attributable to diagnostic changes were higher in countries with largest incidence increases and were consistent across sexes, although increases were smaller and delayed in men. CONCLUSIONS A large proportion of TC cases diagnosed in high-resource countries in the last two decades are likely to be due to diagnostic changes. This proportion has progressively increased over time, and it is likely to grow further in the future. Since there is evidence of harm but no proof of benefit from the intense scrutiny of the thyroid, the dangers of overdiagnosis and overtreatment of TC should be urgently addressed.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Luigino Dal Maso
- 2 Epidemiology and Biostatistics Unit, CRO Aviano National Cancer Institute IRCCS, Aviano, Italy
| | | | - Freddie Bray
- 1 International Agency for Research on Cancer , Lyon, France
| | - Martyn Plummer
- 1 International Agency for Research on Cancer , Lyon, France
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