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Ghanbari M, Salkovskiy Y, Carlson MA. The rat as an animal model in chronic wound research: An update. Life Sci 2024; 351:122783. [PMID: 38848945 DOI: 10.1016/j.lfs.2024.122783] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2024] [Revised: 03/29/2024] [Accepted: 06/04/2024] [Indexed: 06/09/2024]
Abstract
The increasing global prevalence of chronic wounds underscores the growing importance of developing effective animal models for their study. This review offers a critical evaluation of the strengths and limitations of rat models frequently employed in chronic wound research and proposes potential improvements. It explores these models in the context of key comorbidities, including diabetes, venous and arterial insufficiency, pressure-induced blood flow obstruction, and infections. Additionally, the review examines important wound factors including age, sex, smoking, and the impact of anesthetic and analgesic drugs, acknowledging their substantial effects on research outcomes. A thorough understanding of these variables is crucial for refining animal models and can provide valuable insights for future research endeavors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mahboubeh Ghanbari
- Department of Biomechanics, University of Nebraska at Omaha, Omaha, NE, USA.
| | - Yury Salkovskiy
- Department of Biomechanics, University of Nebraska at Omaha, Omaha, NE, USA.
| | - Mark A Carlson
- Department of Surgery, Department of Genetics, Cell Biology and Anatomy, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE, USA.
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Chang F, Yan L, Zha Y, Hong X, Zhu K, Fei Y, Si T, Ding Y, Chen A, Zhang X, Chen Z, Li H, Jin J. Development of a Wound Epithelialization Healing Model: Reducing the Impact of Contraction Healing on the Wound Surface. J Burn Care Res 2024; 45:1016-1025. [PMID: 38616525 DOI: 10.1093/jbcr/irae065] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2023] [Indexed: 04/16/2024]
Abstract
Animal experiments are important in trauma-related studies because they simulate in vivo effects. Rodents are a good choice for preparing trauma models; however, contractile healing in rodents results in a healing pattern that differs considerably from that in humans. Therefore, this study developed a new rodent model that avoids contractile healing of the skin around the wound using an anticontraction ring, and the skin in the wound's center remains intact and acts as a source for epithelialized diffusion healing. Cell proliferation, migration, revascularization, and collagen secretion did not differ between the novel and conventional full-skin defect trauma models. However, the healing rate at various stages significantly differed between the 2 groups owing to differences in the healing patterns. And without effective treatment, the experimental group cannot heal. The stabilities of the novel and conventional methods were good regardless of operator or batch. In summary, this new animal trauma model provides a stable experimental environment similar to that in humans, which may promote trauma-related research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fei Chang
- Department of Burns, Zhangjiagang Hospital affiliated to Soochow University, Zhangjiagang, Jiangsu Province 215600, China
- Department of Burns, The First People's Hospital of Zhangjiagang City, Zhangjiagang, Jiangsu Province 215600, China
| | - Lei Yan
- Department of Burns, The 72nd Group Military Hospital of PLA, Huzhou, Zhejiang Province 313100, China
| | - Yuanyuan Zha
- Department of Burns, The First Affiliated Hospital of Second Military Medical University, Shanghai 200433, China
| | - Xudong Hong
- Department of Burns and Plastic, 903rd Hospital of PLA, Hangzhou, Zhejiang Province 310000, China
| | - Kaisi Zhu
- Department of Burns, The First Affiliated Hospital of Second Military Medical University, Shanghai 200433, China
| | - Yanghonghong Fei
- Department of Burns and Plastic, 903rd Hospital of PLA, Hangzhou, Zhejiang Province 310000, China
| | - Tingting Si
- Department of Burns and Plastic, 903rd Hospital of PLA, Hangzhou, Zhejiang Province 310000, China
| | - Yinjia Ding
- Department of Burns and Plastic, 903rd Hospital of PLA, Hangzhou, Zhejiang Province 310000, China
| | - Aifen Chen
- Department of Burns and Plastic, 903rd Hospital of PLA, Hangzhou, Zhejiang Province 310000, China
| | - Xudong Zhang
- Department of Burns and Plastic, 903rd Hospital of PLA, Hangzhou, Zhejiang Province 310000, China
| | - Zhengli Chen
- Department of Burns, The First Affiliated Hospital of Second Military Medical University, Shanghai 200433, China
| | - Huatao Li
- Department of Burns, The 72nd Group Military Hospital of PLA, Huzhou, Zhejiang Province 313100, China
| | - Jian Jin
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Engineering of Polymers, Department of Macromolecular Science, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
- Shanghai Depeac Biotechnology Co., Ltd, Shanghai 200444, China
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Sharun K, Banu SA, Mamachan M, Subash A, Karikalan M, Kumar R, Vinodhkumar OR, Dhama K, Pawde AM, Amarpal. Development and characterization of contraction-suppressed full-thickness skin wound model in rabbits. Tissue Cell 2024; 90:102482. [PMID: 39059133 DOI: 10.1016/j.tice.2024.102482] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/03/2024] [Revised: 07/03/2024] [Accepted: 07/17/2024] [Indexed: 07/28/2024]
Abstract
The wound healing process in rodents (rats and mice) and lagomorphs (rabbits) predominantly relies on wound contraction rather than re-epithelialization and granulation tissue formation. As a result, existing laboratory animal models for wound healing often fail to mimic human wound healing mechanisms accurately. This study introduces a standardized rabbit model with superior translational potential for skin wound healing research. Two full-thickness dermal wounds were created on the posterior dorsal surface of each rabbit using a standard 2 ×2 cm² template. One of these wounds was randomly selected to be treated as a contraction-suppressed wound by applying a transparent adhesive elastic bandage. At the same time, the other was retained as a standard full-thickness wound. Wound contraction was measured on 7, 14, 21, 28, and 35 days. Histomorphological evaluation was done on day 35 to evaluate the quality of wound healing. The findings indicate that transparent adhesive elastic bandage prolonged the wound healing time and suppressed wound contraction in rabbits. In addition, the healed contraction-suppressed full-thickness wounds had denser and thicker collagen fibers than the healed standard full-thickness wounds, indicating better collagen fiber deposition. Our model achieved a 100 % success rate in maintaining the transparent adhesive elastic bandage in the rabbits. Therefore, we have developed a simple, non-invasive, cost-effective method for preventing wound contraction. Further studies are required to establish the utility of this model for studying wound healing mechanisms and evaluating therapeutic interventions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Khan Sharun
- Division of Surgery, ICAR-Indian Veterinary Research Institute, Izatnagar, Bareilly, Uttar Pradesh, India; Graduate Institute of Medicine, Yuan Ze University, Taoyuan 32003, Taiwan.
| | - S Amitha Banu
- Division of Surgery, ICAR-Indian Veterinary Research Institute, Izatnagar, Bareilly, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Merlin Mamachan
- Division of Surgery, ICAR-Indian Veterinary Research Institute, Izatnagar, Bareilly, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Athira Subash
- Division of Pathology, ICAR-Indian Veterinary Research Institute, Izatnagar, Bareilly, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Mathesh Karikalan
- Centre for Wildlife Conservation, Management and Disease Surveillance, ICAR-Indian Veterinary Research Institute, Izatnagar, Bareilly, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Rohit Kumar
- Division of Surgery, ICAR-Indian Veterinary Research Institute, Izatnagar, Bareilly, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Obli Rajendran Vinodhkumar
- Division of Epidemiology, ICAR-Indian Veterinary Research Institute, Izatnagar, Bareilly, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Kuldeep Dhama
- Division of Pathology, ICAR-Indian Veterinary Research Institute, Izatnagar, Bareilly, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - A M Pawde
- Division of Surgery, ICAR-Indian Veterinary Research Institute, Izatnagar, Bareilly, Uttar Pradesh, India.
| | - Amarpal
- Division of Surgery, ICAR-Indian Veterinary Research Institute, Izatnagar, Bareilly, Uttar Pradesh, India
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4
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Takaya K, Okabe K, Sakai S, Aramaki-Hattori N, Asou T, Kishi K. Salicylate induces epithelial actin reorganization via activation of the AMP-activated protein kinase and promotes wound healing and contraction in mice. Sci Rep 2024; 14:16442. [PMID: 39013997 PMCID: PMC11252334 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-024-67266-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2023] [Accepted: 07/09/2024] [Indexed: 07/18/2024] Open
Abstract
Wounds that occur in adults form scars due to fibrosis, whereas those in embryos regenerate. If wound healing in embryos is mimicked in adults, scarring can be reduced. We found that mouse fetuses could regenerate tissues up to embryonic day (E) 13, but visible scars remained thereafter. This regeneration pattern requires actin cable formation at the epithelial wound margin via activation of adenosine monophosphate (AMP)-activated protein kinase (AMPK). Here, we investigated whether the AMPK-activating effect of salicylate, an anti-inflammatory drug, promotes regenerative wound healing. Salicylate administration resulted in actin cable formation and complete wound regeneration in E14 fetuses, in which scarring should have normally occurred, and promoted contraction of the panniculus carnosus muscle, resulting in complete wound regeneration. In vitro, salicylate further induced actin remodeling in mouse epidermal keratinocytes in a manner dependent on cell and substrate target-specific AMPK activation and subsequent regulation of Rac1 signaling. Furthermore, salicylate promoted epithelialization, enhanced panniculus carnosus muscle contraction, and inhibited scar formation in adult mice. Administration of salicylates to wounds immediately after injury may be a novel method for preventing scarring by promoting a wound healing pattern similar to that of embryonic wounds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kento Takaya
- Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Keio University School of Medicine, 35 Shinanomachi, Shinjuku-Ku, Tokyo, 160-8582, Japan
| | - Keisuke Okabe
- Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Keio University School of Medicine, 35 Shinanomachi, Shinjuku-Ku, Tokyo, 160-8582, Japan
| | - Shigeki Sakai
- Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Keio University School of Medicine, 35 Shinanomachi, Shinjuku-Ku, Tokyo, 160-8582, Japan
| | - Noriko Aramaki-Hattori
- Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Keio University School of Medicine, 35 Shinanomachi, Shinjuku-Ku, Tokyo, 160-8582, Japan
| | - Toru Asou
- Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Keio University School of Medicine, 35 Shinanomachi, Shinjuku-Ku, Tokyo, 160-8582, Japan
| | - Kazuo Kishi
- Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Keio University School of Medicine, 35 Shinanomachi, Shinjuku-Ku, Tokyo, 160-8582, Japan.
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Chen Z, Debnath R, Chikelu I, Zhou JX, Ko KI. Primed inflammatory response by fibroblast subset is necessary for proper oral and cutaneous wound healing. Mol Oral Microbiol 2024; 39:113-124. [PMID: 37902166 PMCID: PMC11058109 DOI: 10.1111/omi.12442] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2023] [Revised: 09/01/2023] [Accepted: 10/18/2023] [Indexed: 10/31/2023]
Abstract
Fibroblasts are ubiquitous mesenchymal cells that exhibit considerable molecular and functional heterogeneity. Besides maintaining stromal integrity, oral fibroblast subsets are thought to play an important role in host-microbe interaction during injury repair, which is not well explored in vivo. Here, we characterize a subset of fibroblast lineage labeled by paired-related homeobox-1 promoter activity (Prx1Cre+) in oral mucosa and skin and demonstrate these fibroblasts readily respond to microbial products to facilitate the normal wound healing process. Using a reporter mouse model, we determined that Prx1Cre+ fibroblasts had significantly higher expression of toll-like receptors 2 and 4 compared to other fibroblast populations. In addition, Prx1 immunopositive cells exhibited heightened activation of inflammatory transcription factor NF-κB during the early wound healing process. At the cytokine level, CXCL1 and CCL2 were significantly upregulated by Prx1Cre+ fibroblasts at baseline and upon LPS stimulation. Importantly, lineage-specific knockout to prevent NF-κB activation in Prx1Cre+ fibroblasts drastically impaired both oral and skin wound healing processes, which was linked to reduced macrophage infiltration, failure to resolve inflammation, and clearance of bacteria. Together, our data implicate a pro-healing role of Prx1-lineage fibroblasts by facilitating early macrophage recruitment and bacterial clearance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhaoxu Chen
- Department of Periodontics, School of Dental Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | - Rahul Debnath
- Department of Periodontics, School of Dental Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | - Ifeoma Chikelu
- Department of Periodontics, School of Dental Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | - Jonathan X. Zhou
- Department of Periodontics, School of Dental Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | - Kang I. Ko
- Department of Periodontics, School of Dental Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
- Center for Innovation and Precision Dentistry, School of Dental Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
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Zhang X, Yuan L, Tan Z, Wu H, Chen F, Huang J, Wang P, Hambly BD, Bao S, Tao K. CD64 plays a key role in diabetic wound healing. Front Immunol 2024; 15:1322256. [PMID: 38524127 PMCID: PMC10957625 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2024.1322256] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/16/2023] [Accepted: 02/26/2024] [Indexed: 03/26/2024] Open
Abstract
Introduction Wound healing poses a clinical challenge in diabetes mellitus (DM) due to compromised host immunity. CD64, an IgG-binding Fcgr1 receptor, acts as a pro-inflammatory mediator. While its presence has been identified in various inflammatory diseases, its specific role in wound healing, especially in DM, remains unclear. Objectives We aimed to investigate the involvement of CD64 in diabetic wound healing using a DM animal model with CD64 KO mice. Methods First, we compared CD64 expression in chronic skin ulcers from human DM and non-DM skin. Then, we monitored wound healing in a DM mouse model over 10 days, with or without CD64 KO, using macroscopic and microscopic observations, as well as immunohistochemistry. Results CD64 expression was significantly upregulated (1.25-fold) in chronic ulcerative skin from DM patients compared to non-DM individuals. Clinical observations were consistent with animal model findings, showing a significant delay in wound healing, particularly by day 7, in CD64 KO mice compared to WT mice. Additionally, infiltrating CD163+ M2 macrophages in the wounds of DM mice decreased significantly compared to non-DM mice over time. Delayed wound healing in DM CD64 KO mice correlated with the presence of inflammatory mediators. Conclusion CD64 seems to play a crucial role in wound healing, especially in DM conditions, where it is associated with CD163+ M2 macrophage infiltration. These data suggest that CD64 relies on host immunity during the wound healing process. Such data may provide useful information for both basic scientists and clinicians to deal with diabetic chronic wound healing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiuqin Zhang
- Department of Pathology, Tongji Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, China
| | - Liuhong Yuan
- Department of Pathology, Tongji Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, China
| | - Zhenyu Tan
- Department of Pathology, Tongji Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, China
| | - Huiyan Wu
- Department of Pathology, Tongren Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Feier Chen
- Department of Pathology, Tongji Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, China
| | - Junjie Huang
- Department of Pathology, Tongren Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Pengjun Wang
- Department of Pathology, Tongren Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Brett D. Hambly
- Department of Pathology, Tongren Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Shisan Bao
- Department of Pathology, Tongren Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Kun Tao
- Department of Pathology, Tongji Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, China
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Bengur FB, Komatsu C, Loder S, Humar P, Villalvazo Y, Nawash B, Schilling BK, Solari MG. A Model to Study Wound Healing Over Exposed Avascular Structures in Rodents With a 3D-Printed Wound Frame. Ann Plast Surg 2024; 92:327-334. [PMID: 38394271 DOI: 10.1097/sap.0000000000003829] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/25/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Soft tissue defects with exposed avascular structures require reconstruction with well-vascularized tissues. Extensive research is ongoing to explore tissue engineered products that provide durable coverage. However, there is a lack of controlled and affordable testbeds in the preclinical setting to reflect this challenging clinical scenario. We aimed to address this gap in the literature and develop a feasible and easily reproducible model in rodents that reflects an avascular structure in the wound bed. METHODS We created 20 × 20 mm full thickness wounds on the dorsal skin of Lewis rats and secured 0.5-mm-thick silicone sheets of varying sizes to the wound bed. A 3D-printed wound frame was designed to isolate the wound environment. Skin graft and free flap survival along with exposure of the underlying silicone was assessed. Rats were followed for 4 weeks with weekly dressing changes and photography. Samples were retrieved at the endpoint for tissue viability and histologic analysis. RESULTS The total wound surface area was constant throughout the duration of the experiment in all groups and the wound frames were well tolerated. The portion of the skin graft without underlying silicone demonstrated integration with the underlying fascia and a histologically intact epidermis. Gradual necrosis of the portion of the skin graft overlying the silicone sheet was observed with varying sizes of the silicone sheet. When the size of the silicone sheet was reduced from 50% of the wound surface area, the portion surviving over the silicone sheet increased at the 4-week timepoint. The free flap provided complete coverage over the silicone sheet. CONCLUSION We developed a novel model of rodent wound healing to maintain the same wound size and isolate the wound environment for up to 4 weeks. This model is clinically relevant to a complex wound with an avascular structure in the wound bed. Skin grafts failed to completely cover increasing sizes of the avascular structure, whereas the free flap was able to provide viable coverage. This cost-effective model will establish an easily reproducible platform to evaluate more complex bioengineered wound coverage solutions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fuat Baris Bengur
- From the Department of Plastic Surgery, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA
| | - Chiaki Komatsu
- From the Department of Plastic Surgery, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA
| | - Shawn Loder
- From the Department of Plastic Surgery, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA
| | - Pooja Humar
- From the Department of Plastic Surgery, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA
| | - Yadira Villalvazo
- From the Department of Plastic Surgery, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA
| | - Baraa Nawash
- From the Department of Plastic Surgery, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA
| | - Benjamin K Schilling
- From the Department of Plastic Surgery, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA
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Bestepe F, Ghanem GF, Fritsche CM, Weston J, Sahay S, Mauro AK, Sahu P, Tas SM, Ruemmele B, Persing S, Good ME, Chatterjee A, Huggins GS, Salehi P, Icli B. MicroRNA-409-3p/BTG2 signaling axis improves impaired angiogenesis and wound healing in obese mice. FASEB J 2024; 38:e23459. [PMID: 38329343 DOI: 10.1096/fj.202302124rr] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2023] [Revised: 01/09/2024] [Accepted: 01/18/2024] [Indexed: 02/09/2024]
Abstract
Wound healing is facilitated by neoangiogenesis, a complex process that is essential to tissue repair in response to injury. MicroRNAs are small, noncoding RNAs that can regulate the wound healing process including stimulation of impaired angiogenesis that is associated with type-2 diabetes (T2D). Expression of miR-409-3p was significantly increased in the nonhealing skin wounds of patients with T2D compared to the non-wounded normal skin, and in the skin of a murine model with T2D. In response to high glucose, neutralization of miR-409-3p markedly improved EC growth and migration in human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs), promoted wound closure and angiogenesis as measured by increased CD31 in human skin organoids, while overexpression attenuated EC angiogenic responses. Bulk mRNA-Seq transcriptomic profiling revealed BTG2 as a target of miR-409-3p, where overexpression of miR-409-3p significantly decreased BTG2 mRNA and protein expression. A 3' untranslated region (3'-UTR) luciferase assay of BTG2 revealed decreased luciferase activity with overexpression of miR-409-3p, while inhibition had opposite effects. Mechanistically, in response to high glucose, miR-409-3p deficiency in ECs resulted in increased mTOR phosphorylation, meanwhile BTG-anti-proliferation factor 2 (BTG2) silencing significantly decreased mTOR phosphorylation. Endothelial-specific and tamoxifen-inducible miR-409-3p knockout mice (MiR-409IndECKO ) with hyperglycemia that underwent dorsal skin wounding showed significant improvement of wound closure, increased blood flow, granulation tissue thickness (GTT), and CD31 that correlated with increased BTG2 expression. Taken together, our results show that miR-409-3p is a critical mediator of impaired angiogenesis in diabetic skin wound healing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Furkan Bestepe
- Department of Medicine, Molecular Cardiology Research Institute, Tufts Medical Center, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - George F Ghanem
- Department of Medicine, Molecular Cardiology Research Institute, Tufts Medical Center, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Colette M Fritsche
- Department of Medicine, Molecular Cardiology Research Institute, Tufts Medical Center, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - James Weston
- Department of Medicine, Molecular Cardiology Research Institute, Tufts Medical Center, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Sumedha Sahay
- Department of Medicine, Molecular Cardiology Research Institute, Tufts Medical Center, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Amanda K Mauro
- Department of Medicine, Molecular Cardiology Research Institute, Tufts Medical Center, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Parul Sahu
- Department of Medicine, Molecular Cardiology Research Institute, Tufts Medical Center, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Sude M Tas
- Department of Medicine, Molecular Cardiology Research Institute, Tufts Medical Center, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Brooke Ruemmele
- Division of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Department of Surgery, Tufts Medical Center, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Sarah Persing
- Division of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Department of Surgery, Tufts Medical Center, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Miranda E Good
- Department of Medicine, Molecular Cardiology Research Institute, Tufts Medical Center, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Abhishek Chatterjee
- Division of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Department of Surgery, Tufts Medical Center, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Gordon S Huggins
- Department of Medicine, Molecular Cardiology Research Institute, Tufts Medical Center, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Payam Salehi
- Division of Vascular Surgery, Cardiovascular Center, Tufts Medical Center, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Basak Icli
- Department of Medicine, Molecular Cardiology Research Institute, Tufts Medical Center, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
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Aksamitiene E, Heffelfinger RN, Hoek JB, Pribitkin ED. Standardized Pre-clinical Surgical Animal Model Protocol to Investigate the Cellular and Molecular Mechanisms of Ischemic Flap Healing. Biol Proced Online 2024; 26:2. [PMID: 38229030 DOI: 10.1186/s12575-023-00227-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/13/2023] [Accepted: 12/14/2023] [Indexed: 01/18/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Some of the most complex surgical interventions to treat trauma and cancer include the use of locoregional pedicled and free autologous tissue transfer flaps. While the techniques used for these reconstructive surgery procedures have improved over time, flap complications and even failure remain a significant clinical challenge. Animal models are useful in studying the pathophysiology of ischemic flaps, but when repeatability is a primary focus of a study, conventional in-vivo designs, where one randomized subset of animals serves as a treatment group while a second subset serves as a control, are at a disadvantage instigated by greater subject-to-subject variability. Our goal was to provide a step-by-step methodological protocol for creating an alternative standardized, more economical, and transferable pre-clinical animal research model of excisional full-thickness wound healing following a simulated autologous tissue transfer which includes the primary ischemia, reperfusion, and secondary ischemia events with the latter mimicking flap salvage procedure. RESULTS Unlike in the most frequently used classical unilateral McFarlane's caudally based dorsal random pattern skin flap model, in the herein described bilateral epigastric fasciocutaneous advancement flap (BEFAF) model, one flap heals under normal and a contralateral flap-under perturbed conditions or both flaps heal under conditions that vary by one within-subjects factor. We discuss the advantages and limitations of the proposed experimental approach and, as a part of model validation, provide the examples of its use in laboratory rat (Rattus norvegicus) axial pattern flap healing studies. CONCLUSIONS This technically challenging but feasible reconstructive surgery model eliminates inter-subject variability, while concomitantly minimizing the number of animals needed to achieve adequate statistical power. BEFAFs may be used to investigate the spatiotemporal cellular and molecular responses to complex tissue injury, interventions simulating clinically relevant flap complications (e.g., vascular thrombosis) as well as prophylactic, therapeutic or surgical treatment (e.g., flap delay) strategies in the presence or absence of confounding risk factors (e.g., substance abuse, irradiation, diabetes) or favorable wound-healing promoting activities (e.g., exercise). Detailed visual instructions in BEFAF protocol may serve as an aid for teaching medical or academic researchers basic vascular microsurgery techniques that focus on precision, tremor management and magnification.
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Affiliation(s)
- Edita Aksamitiene
- Department of Otolaryngology - Head and Neck Surgery, Thomas Jefferson University, 925 Chestnut St., 6Th floor, Philadelphia, PA, 19107, USA
- Present address: Beckman Institute for Advanced Science and Technology, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, 405 N. Mathews Ave | M/C 251, Room 4357, Urbana, IL, 61801, USA
| | - Ryan N Heffelfinger
- Department of Otolaryngology - Head and Neck Surgery, Thomas Jefferson University, 925 Chestnut St., 6Th floor, Philadelphia, PA, 19107, USA
| | - Jan B Hoek
- Department of Pathology, Anatomy and Cell Biology, Thomas Jefferson University, 1020 Locust St, Room 527, Philadelphia, PA, 19107, USA
| | - Edmund deAzevedo Pribitkin
- Department of Otolaryngology - Head and Neck Surgery, Thomas Jefferson University, 925 Chestnut St., 6Th floor, Philadelphia, PA, 19107, USA.
- Sidney Kimmel Medical College, 31st Floor, 1101 Market Street, Philadelphia, PA, 19107, USA.
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10
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Li Y, Shan X, Liang J, Cai Z. Establishment of a Model for Human Hypertrophic Scar Using Tissue Engineering Method. J Craniofac Surg 2024; 35:268-272. [PMID: 37602502 DOI: 10.1097/scs.0000000000009648] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2023] [Accepted: 06/15/2023] [Indexed: 08/22/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Treatment of human hypertrophic scar (HS) is a challenge for plastic surgeons, whereas the clinical and experimental research has been limited due to the lack of an ideal model of human HS tissue. OBJECTIVE To establish a model of human HS using tissue engineering method, to improve the research for HS in the clinic and laboratory. METHODS Hypertrophic scar fibroblasts (HSFBs) were transferred to polylactic acid (PLA)/polyglycolic acid (PGA) scaffolds. Biocompatibility of HSFBs-PLA/PGA composites was evaluated using scanning electron microscopy. Composites of HSFBs-PLA/PGA were implanted in subcutaneous pockets in athymic mice after 4 weeks in vitro culture. A re-entry operation was performed to obtain the HS-like tissues after 12 weeks of in vivo culture. The histological stain, the expression of type I collagen, the proliferation ability, and vitality of HSFBs were compared between human HS tissue and HS-like tissue. RESULTS The structure of PLA/PGA scaffolds facilitates HSFBs adhesion and proliferation. The HSFBs-PLA/PGA composites were in vivo cultured for 12 weeks, and then HS-like tissues were harvested from nude athymic mice. There was no statistical significance in the expression of type I collagen, cell cycle, and cell proliferation between human HS tissue and HS-like tissue. CONCLUSION The authors successfully established a model of human HS using the tissue engineering method, which could provide HS-like tissue for research. And it also could provide enough HS-like tissues to help reduce experimental variability within groups. This model can be used to investigate in prevention and treatment of HS and further explore the mechanisms of HS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yawei Li
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Peking University School and Hospital of Stomatology, National Engineering Laboratory for Digital and Material Technology of Stomatology, Beijing
- Department of Oral & Maxillofacial Surgery and Oral Biomedical Engineering Laboratory Shanghai Stomatological Hospital Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Xiaofeng Shan
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Peking University School and Hospital of Stomatology, National Engineering Laboratory for Digital and Material Technology of Stomatology, Beijing
| | - Jie Liang
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Peking University School and Hospital of Stomatology, National Engineering Laboratory for Digital and Material Technology of Stomatology, Beijing
| | - Zhigang Cai
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Peking University School and Hospital of Stomatology, National Engineering Laboratory for Digital and Material Technology of Stomatology, Beijing
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11
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Yampolsky M, Bachelet I, Fuchs Y. Reproducible strategy for excisional skin-wound-healing studies in mice. Nat Protoc 2024; 19:184-206. [PMID: 38030941 DOI: 10.1038/s41596-023-00899-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2023] [Accepted: 07/28/2023] [Indexed: 12/01/2023]
Abstract
Wound healing is a complex physiological process involving various cell types and signaling pathways. The capability to observe the dynamics of wound repair offers valuable insights into the effects of genetic modifications, pharmaceutical interventions or other experimental manipulations on the skin-repair process. Here, we provide a comprehensive protocol for a full-thickness, excisional skin-wound-healing assay in mice, which can easily be performed by any scientist who has received an animal welfare course certificate and can be completed within ~3 h, depending on the number of animals. Crucially, we highlight the importance of considering key aspects of the assay that can dramatically contribute to the reliability and reproducibility of these experiments. We thoroughly discuss the experimental design, necessary preparations, wounding technique and analysis. In addition, we discuss the use of lineage-tracing techniques to monitor cell migration, differentiation and the contribution of different cell populations to the repair process. Overall, we explore key aspects of the skin-wound-healing assay, supplying a detailed procedure and guidelines essential for decreasing variability and obtaining reliable and reproducible results.
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12
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Hernández-Rodríguez JE, Martín-Barrasa JL, Aragón-Sánchez J, Monzón-Mayor M, Pérez-Galván JM, Saavedra-Santana P, Romero-Alemán MDM. The Effect of Honey, Aloe Vera, and Hydrocolloid Dressing on the Healing Process of Murine Excisional Wounds. INT J LOW EXTR WOUND 2023:15347346231214597. [PMID: 37964535 DOI: 10.1177/15347346231214597] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2023]
Abstract
Chronic ulcers are a major health problem associated with high costs and a loss of quality of life. Because of this, the search for products that accelerate wound healing is a constant, given the need for alternatives that help to alleviate this serious health problem. We analyzed the efficacy of 2 natural products-honey and aloe vera-versus hydrocolloid (HC) dressings as a control group in healing full-thickness wounds. For this purpose, we performed full-thickness excisions of the skin, including the panniculus carnosus, in mice. We inserted a nitrile ring into the subcutaneous cellular tissue simulating the second-intention wound healing course. We found that aloe vera reduced the diameter of the wounds compared to honey (p < .001) and the control group (p < .001).
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Affiliation(s)
- José Enrique Hernández-Rodríguez
- Department of Nursing, University of Las Palmas de Gran Canaria, University Institute for Biomedical and Health Research, Las Palmas de Gran Canaria, Las Palmas, Spain
| | - José Luis Martín-Barrasa
- Dr. Negrin University Hospital Research Unit and University Institute for Animal Health, University of Las Palmas de Gran Canaria, Las Palmas de Gran Canaria, Las Palmas, Spain
| | - J Aragón-Sánchez
- Medical Director of the Diabetic Foot Unit, La Paloma Hospital, Las Palmas de Gran Canaria, Las Palmas, Spain
| | - Maximina Monzón-Mayor
- Department of Morphology, University of Las Palmas de Gran Canaria, University Institute for Biomedical and Health Research, Las Palmas de Gran Canaria, Islas Canarias, Spain
| | - José Manuel Pérez-Galván
- SIMACE- Facility Research in Advanced Confocal and Electron Microscopy, University of Las Palmas de Gran Canaria, Las Palmas de Gran Canaria, Islas Canarias, Spain
| | - Pedro Saavedra-Santana
- Department of Mathematics, University of Las Palmas de Gran Canaria, Las Palmas de Gran Canaria, Islas Canarias, Spain
| | - María Del Mar Romero-Alemán
- Department of Morphology, University of Las Palmas de Gran Canaria, University Institute for Biomedical and Health Research, Las Palmas de Gran Canaria, Islas Canarias, Spain
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13
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Samie A, Alavian H, Vafaei-Pour Z, Mohammadpour AH, Jafarian AH, Danesh NM, Abnous K, Taghdisi SM. Accelerated Wound Healing with a Diminutive Scar through Cocrystal Engineered Curcumin. Mol Pharm 2023; 20:5090-5107. [PMID: 37624646 DOI: 10.1021/acs.molpharmaceut.3c00398] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/27/2023]
Abstract
Pharmaceutical cocrystals ( Regulatory Classification of Pharmaceutical Co-Crystals Guidance for Industry; Food and Drug Administration, 2018) are crystalline solids produced through supramolecular chemistry to modulate the physicochemical properties of active pharmaceutical ingredients (APIs). Despite their extensive development in interdisciplinary sciences, this is a pioneering study on the efficacy of pharmaceutical cocrystals in wound healing and scar reducing. Curcumin-pyrogallol cocrystal (CUR-PYR) was accordingly cherry-picked since its superior physicochemical properties adequately compensate for limitative drawbacks of curcumin (CUR). CUR-PYR has been synthesized by a liquid-assisted grinding (LAG) method and characterized via FT-IR, DSC, and PXRD analyses. In vitro antibacterial study indicated that CUR-PYR cocrystal, CUR+PYR physical mixture (PM), and PYR are more effective against both Gram-negative (Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Escherichia coli) and Gram-positive (Staphylococcus aureus and Bacillus subtilis) bacteria in comparison with CUR. In vitro results also demonstrated that the viability of HDF and NIH-3T3 cells treated with CUR-PYR were improved more than those received CUR which is attributed to the effect of PYR in the form of cocrystal. The wound healing process has been monitored through a 15 day in vivo experiment on 75 male rats stratified into six groups: five groups treated by CUR-PYR+Vaseline (CUR-PYR.ung), CUR+PYR+Vaseline (CUR+PYR.ung), CUR+Vaseline (CUR.ung), PYR+Vaseline (PYR.ung), and Vaseline (VAS) ointments and a negative control group of 0.9% sodium chloride solution (NS). It was revealed that the wounds under CUR-PYR.ung treatment closed by day 12 postsurgery, while the wounds in other groups failed to reach the complete closure end point until the end of the experiment. Surprisingly, a diminutive scar (3.89 ± 0.97% of initial wound size) was observed in the CUR-PYR.ung treated wounds by day 15 after injury, followed by corresponding values for PYR.ung (12.08 ± 2.75%), CUR+PYR.ung (13.89 ± 5.02%), CUR.ung (16.24 ± 6.39%), VAS (18.97 ± 6.89%), and NS (20.33 ± 5.77%). Besides, investigating histopathological parameters including inflammation, granulation tissue, re-epithelialization, and collagen deposition signified outstandingly higher ability of CUR-PYR cocrystal in wound healing than either of its two constituents separately or their simple PM. It was concluded that desired solubility of the prepared cocrystal was essentially responsible for accelerating wound closure and promoting tissue regeneration which yielded minimal scarring. This prototype research suggests a promising application of pharmaceutical cocrystals for the purpose of wound healing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ali Samie
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, School of Pharmacy, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad 9177948954, Iran
- Targeted Drug Delivery Research Center, Pharmaceutical Technology Institute, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad 9177948954, Iran
| | - Hoda Alavian
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, School of Pharmacy, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad 9177948954, Iran
- Targeted Drug Delivery Research Center, Pharmaceutical Technology Institute, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad 9177948954, Iran
| | - Zeinab Vafaei-Pour
- Student Research Committee, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad 9177948954, Iran
- Department of Pharmacodynamics and Toxicology, School of Pharmacy, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad 9177948954, Iran
| | - Amir Hooshang Mohammadpour
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, School of Pharmacy, Mashhad University of Medical Science, Mashhad 9177948954, Iran
| | - Amir Hossein Jafarian
- Cancer and Molecular Research Center, Department of Pathology, School of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad 9177948954, Iran
| | - Noor Mohammad Danesh
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, School of Pharmacy, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad 9177948954, Iran
| | - Khalil Abnous
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, School of Pharmacy, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad 9177948954, Iran
- Pharmaceutical Research Center, Pharmaceutical Technology Institute, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad 9177948954, Iran
| | - Seyed Mohammad Taghdisi
- Targeted Drug Delivery Research Center, Pharmaceutical Technology Institute, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad 9177948954, Iran
- Department of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, School of Pharmacy, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad 9177948954, Iran
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14
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Flynn K, Mahmoud NN, Sharifi S, Gould LJ, Mahmoudi M. Chronic Wound Healing Models. ACS Pharmacol Transl Sci 2023; 6:783-801. [PMID: 37200810 PMCID: PMC10186367 DOI: 10.1021/acsptsci.3c00030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2023] [Indexed: 05/20/2023]
Abstract
In this paper, we review and analyze the commonly available wound healing models reported in the literature and discuss their advantages and issues, considering their relevance and translational potential to humans. Our analysis includes different in vitro and in silico as well as in vivo models and experimental techniques. We further explore the new technologies in the study of wound healing to provide an all encompassing review of the most efficient ways to proceed with wound healing experiments. We revealed that there is not one model of wound healing that is superior and can give translatable results to human research. Rather, there are many different models that have specific uses for studying certain processes or stages of wound healing. Our analysis suggests that when performing an experiment to assess stages of wound healing or different therapies to enhance healing, one must consider not only the species that will be used but also the type of model and how this can best replicate the physiology or pathophysiology in humans.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kiley Flynn
- Department
of Radiology and Precision Health Program, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan 48824-1312, United States
| | - Nouf N. Mahmoud
- Faculty
of Pharmacy, Al-Zaytoonah University of
Jordan, Amman 11733, Jordan
- Department
of Biomedical Sciences, College of Health Sciences, QU Health, Qatar University, Doha 2713, Qatar
| | - Shahriar Sharifi
- Department
of Radiology and Precision Health Program, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan 48824-1312, United States
| | - Lisa J. Gould
- Department
of Surgery, South Shore Hospital, South Weymouth, Massachusetts 02190, United States
| | - Morteza Mahmoudi
- Department
of Radiology and Precision Health Program, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan 48824-1312, United States
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Boudra R, Patenall BL, King S, Wang D, Best SA, Ko JY, Xu S, Padilla MG, Schmults CD, Barthel SR, Lian CG, Ramsey MR. PRMT1 Inhibition Selectively Targets BNC1-Dependent Proliferation, but not Migration in Squamous Cell Carcinoma. BIORXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR BIOLOGY 2023:2023.03.27.533164. [PMID: 37034732 PMCID: PMC10081292 DOI: 10.1101/2023.03.27.533164] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/19/2023]
Abstract
Squamous Cell Carcinoma (SCC) develops in stratified epithelial tissues and demonstrates frequent alterations in transcriptional regulators. We sought to discover SCC-specific transcriptional programs and identified the transcription factor Basonuclin 1 (BNC1) as highly expressed in SCC compared to other tumor types. RNA-seq and ChIP-seq analysis identified pro-proliferative genes activated by BNC1 in SCC cells and keratinocytes. Inhibition of BNC1 in SCC cells suppressed proliferation and increased migration via FRA1. In contrast, BNC1 reduction in keratinocytes caused differentiation, which was abrogated by IRF6 knockdown, leading to increased migration. Protein interactome analysis identified PRMT1 as a co-activator of BNC1-dependent proliferative genes. Inhibition of PRMT1 resulted in a dose-dependent reduction in SCC cell proliferation without increasing migration. Importantly, therapeutic inhibition of PRMT1 in SCC xenografts significantly reduced tumor size, resembling functional effects of BNC1 knockdown. Together, we identify BNC1-PRMT1 as an SCC-lineage specific transcriptional axis that promotes cancer growth, which can be therapeutically targeted to inhibit SCC tumorigenesis.
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16
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Mony MP, Harmon KA, Hess R, Dorafshar AH, Shafikhani SH. An Updated Review of Hypertrophic Scarring. Cells 2023; 12:cells12050678. [PMID: 36899815 PMCID: PMC10000648 DOI: 10.3390/cells12050678] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2022] [Revised: 02/01/2023] [Accepted: 02/08/2023] [Indexed: 02/24/2023] Open
Abstract
Hypertrophic scarring (HTS) is an aberrant form of wound healing that is associated with excessive deposition of extracellular matrix and connective tissue at the site of injury. In this review article, we provide an overview of normal (acute) wound healing phases (hemostasis, inflammation, proliferation, and remodeling). We next discuss the dysregulated and/or impaired mechanisms in wound healing phases that are associated with HTS development. We next discuss the animal models of HTS and their limitations, and review the current and emerging treatments of HTS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Manjula P. Mony
- Department of Surgery, Division of Plastic & Reconstructive Surgery, Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, IL 60612, USA
| | - Kelly A. Harmon
- Department of Surgery, Division of Plastic & Reconstructive Surgery, Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, IL 60612, USA
| | - Ryan Hess
- Department of Surgery, Division of Plastic & Reconstructive Surgery, Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, IL 60612, USA
| | - Amir H. Dorafshar
- Department of Surgery, Division of Plastic & Reconstructive Surgery, Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, IL 60612, USA
| | - Sasha H. Shafikhani
- Department of Medicine, Division of Hematology and Oncology and Cell Therapy, Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, IL 60612, USA
- Cancer Center, Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, IL 60612, USA
- Correspondence:
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17
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D'Arpa P, Leung KP. Pharmaceutical Prophylaxis of Scarring with Emphasis on Burns: A Review of Preclinical and Clinical Studies. Adv Wound Care (New Rochelle) 2022; 11:428-442. [PMID: 33625898 PMCID: PMC9142134 DOI: 10.1089/wound.2020.1236] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Significance: The worldwide estimate of burns requiring medical attention each year is 11 million. Each year in the United States, ∼486,000 burn injuries receive medical attention, including 40,000 hospitalizations. Scars resulting from burns can be disfiguring and impair functions. The development of prophylactic drugs for cutaneous scarring could improve the outcomes for burns, traumatic lacerations (>6 million/year treated in U.S. emergency rooms), and surgical incisions (∼250 million/year worldwide). Antiscar pharmaceuticals have been estimated to have a market of $12 billion. Recent Advances: Many small molecules, cells, proteins/polypeptides, and nucleic acids have mitigated scarring in animal studies and clinical trials, but none have received Food and Drug Administration (FDA) approval yet. Critical Issues: The development of antiscar pharmaceuticals involves the identification of the proper dose, frequency of application, and window of administration postwounding for the indicated wound. Risks of infection and impaired healing must be considered. Scar outcome needs to be evaluated after scars have matured. Future Directions: Once treatments have demonstrated safety and efficacy in rodent and/or rabbit and porcine wound models, human testing can begin, such as on artificially created wounds on healthy subjects and on bilateral-surgical wounds, comparing treatments versus vehicle controls on intrapatient-matched wounds, before testing on separate cohorts of patients. Given the progress made in the past 20 years, FDA-approved drugs for improving scar outcomes may be expected.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peter D'Arpa
- The Geneva Foundation, Tacoma, Washington, USA.,Correspondence: 15104 DuFief Dr, North Potomac, MD 20878, USA.
| | - Kai P. Leung
- Division of Combat Wound Repair, US Army Institute of Surgical Research, Fort Sam Houston, Texas, USA.,Correspondence: Division of Combat Wound Repair, U.S. Army Institute of Surgical Research, 3650 Chambers Pass, Building 3611, Fort Sam Houston, TX 78234-6315, USA.
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18
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Membrana de cáscara de huevo para la curación de heridas superficiales en ratones. BIOMÉDICA 2022; 42:234-243. [PMID: 35867917 PMCID: PMC9313514 DOI: 10.7705/biomedica.6192] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/02/2021] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Introducción. Las membranas de la cáscara de huevo presentan propiedades beneficiosas para la regeneración de tejidos y sus aplicaciones biomédicas son importantes. Objetivo. Demostrar la efectividad de las membranas de la cáscara de huevo no fecundado de gallina en el tratamiento de heridas abiertas superficiales en ratones, en comparación con el procedimiento convencional. Materiales y métodos. Se hizo una herida superficial lineal de 15 mm en la espalda de 10 ratones albinos machos. Los ratones se dividieron en cuatro grupos, uno no recibió ningún tratamiento y los otros tres sí: uno, tratamiento convencional, otro, con membranas de huevo directamente aplicadas a la herida y, el otro, con membranas en forma de polvo. La evolución de las heridas se registró en fotografías y se calculó la tasa de reducción de la longitud de la herida, así como el tiempo y el porcentaje de curación. Los porcentajes de curación se analizaron con ANOVA y la prueba de Dunnett (p<0,05). Resultados. Con los tratamientos con membranas de huevo y polvo de membrana, se logró una tasa de reducción de longitud de 1.009 y 1.020 mm/día, respectivamente, y un tiempo de curación de 12 días, en tanto que, con el tratamiento convencional, la tasa de reducción fue de 0,852 mm/día y la curación se dio en 16 días. El análisis estadístico mostró diferencias significativas entre los tratamientos con membrana de huevo y el tratamiento convencional. Conclusiones. Las membranas de la cáscara de huevo aplicadas de forma directa y en polvo resultaron más efectivas que la aplicación del procedimiento convencional en el tratamiento de heridas abiertas superficiales en ratones.
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Benito-Martínez S, Pérez-Köhler B, Rodríguez M, Izco JM, Recalde JI, Pascual G. Wound Healing Modulation through the Local Application of Powder Collagen-Derived Treatments in an Excisional Cutaneous Murine Model. Biomedicines 2022; 10:960. [PMID: 35625698 PMCID: PMC9138686 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines10050960] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2022] [Revised: 04/18/2022] [Accepted: 04/19/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Wound healing includes dynamic processes grouped into three overlapping phases: inflammatory, proliferative, and maturation/remodeling. Collagen is a critical component of a healing wound and, due to its properties, is of great interest in regenerative medicine. This preclinical study was designed to compare the effects of a new collagen-based hydrolysate powder on wound repair to a commercial non-hydrolysate product, in a murine model of cutaneous healing. Circular excisional defects were created on the dorsal skin of Wistar rats (n = 36). Three study groups were established according to the treatment administered. Animals were euthanized after 7 and 18 days. Morphometric and morphological studies were performed to evaluate the healing process. The new collagen treatment led to the smallest open wound area throughout most of the study. After seven days, wound morphometry, contraction, and epithelialization were similar in all groups. Treated animals showed reduced granulation tissue formation and fewer inflammatory cells, and induction of vasculature with respect to untreated animals. After 18 days, animals treated with the new collagen treatment showed accelerated wound closure, significantly increased epithelialization, and more organized repair tissue. Our findings suggest that the new collagen treatment, compared to the untreated control group, produces significantly faster wound closure and, at the same time, promotes a slight progression of the reparative process compared with the rest of the groups.
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Affiliation(s)
- Selma Benito-Martínez
- Departamento de Medicina y Especialidades Médicas, Facultad de Medicina y Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad de Alcalá, 28805 Alcalá de Henares, Spain; (S.B.-M.); (B.P.-K.)
- Biomedical Networking Research Centre of Bioengineering, Biomaterials and Nanomedicine (CIBER-BBN), 28029 Madrid, Spain;
- Ramón y Cajal Health Research Institute (IRYCIS), 28034 Madrid, Spain
| | - Bárbara Pérez-Köhler
- Departamento de Medicina y Especialidades Médicas, Facultad de Medicina y Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad de Alcalá, 28805 Alcalá de Henares, Spain; (S.B.-M.); (B.P.-K.)
- Biomedical Networking Research Centre of Bioengineering, Biomaterials and Nanomedicine (CIBER-BBN), 28029 Madrid, Spain;
- Ramón y Cajal Health Research Institute (IRYCIS), 28034 Madrid, Spain
| | - Marta Rodríguez
- Biomedical Networking Research Centre of Bioengineering, Biomaterials and Nanomedicine (CIBER-BBN), 28029 Madrid, Spain;
- Ramón y Cajal Health Research Institute (IRYCIS), 28034 Madrid, Spain
- Departamento de Cirugía, Ciencias Médicas y Sociales, Facultad de Medicina y Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad de Alcalá, 28805 Alcalá de Henares, Spain
| | | | | | - Gemma Pascual
- Departamento de Medicina y Especialidades Médicas, Facultad de Medicina y Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad de Alcalá, 28805 Alcalá de Henares, Spain; (S.B.-M.); (B.P.-K.)
- Biomedical Networking Research Centre of Bioengineering, Biomaterials and Nanomedicine (CIBER-BBN), 28029 Madrid, Spain;
- Ramón y Cajal Health Research Institute (IRYCIS), 28034 Madrid, Spain
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20
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Chen Y, Liu L, Fan J, Zhang T, Zeng Y, Su Z. Low-level laser treatment promotes skin wound healing by activating hair follicle stem cells in female mice. Lasers Med Sci 2022; 37:1699-1707. [PMID: 34546465 DOI: 10.1007/s10103-021-03419-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/06/2021] [Accepted: 09/13/2021] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
Abstract
The aim of the study was to explore the effect and mechanism of a low-level laser on hair follicle stem cells in full-thickness skin wound healing in mice. Full-thickness skin defects were generated by a 5-mm punch biopsy tool on the backs of depilated C57/BL6N mice, which were randomly divided thereafter into a low-dose laser treatment group (LLLT-Low), a high-dose laser treatment group (LLLT-High), and a control group (control). From the day of modeling to the day before the skin samples were taken, the wound area and wound edge of the mice in the LLLT-Low and LLLT-High groups were irradiated with a laser comb every 24 h, and the energy density was 1 J/cm2 and 10 J/cm2, respectively. The control group was irradiated with an ordinary fluorescent lamp. At 0, 3, 5, 10, and 14 days after modeling, pictures of each wound were taken, and the percent wound closure was analyzed. At 3, 5, 10, and 14 days after modeling, the samples were observed by hematoxylin and eosin (HE) and immunofluorescence (IF) staining. Whole transcriptome sequencing (RNA-Seq) was performed on the samples on day 10. Gene Ontology (GO) analysis was performed, and the results were validated by Western blot analysis and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). The analysis of the percent of wound closure showed that healing was accelerated (significantly from 5 to 10 days) in the LLLT-Low group, but there was no clear change in the LLLT-High group. HE staining showed that the LLLT-Low group had an increasing number of hair follicles and a tendency to migrate to the center of the wound. There was no significant increase in the number of hair follicles and no obvious migration in the LLLT-High group. Immunofluorescence staining showed that the total number of CK15 + hair follicle stem cells in the LLLT-Low group was higher than that in the control group and LLLT-High group at all time points. The number and farthest migration distance of CK15 + hair follicle stem cells increased significantly with time, and after 5 days, they were significantly higher than those in the control group and LLLT-High group. RNA-Seq and Western blot analysis showed that the expression of related genes in hair follicle stem cells, including CK15, in the LLLT-Low group was upregulated. GO analysis and ELISA showed that the expression of many cytokines, represented by IL34, in the LLLT-Low group was upregulated. Low-level laser treatment can promote the proliferation, differentiation, and migration of CK15 + hair follicle stem cells by upregulating the cytokine IL34, thereby promoting skin wound healing in mice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yihua Chen
- Ninth Department of Plastic Surgery, Plastic Surgery Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, No. 33, Badachu Road, Shijingshan District, Beijing, 100144, China
| | - Liqiang Liu
- Ninth Department of Plastic Surgery, Plastic Surgery Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, No. 33, Badachu Road, Shijingshan District, Beijing, 100144, China.
| | - Jincai Fan
- Ninth Department of Plastic Surgery, Plastic Surgery Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, No. 33, Badachu Road, Shijingshan District, Beijing, 100144, China
| | - Tiran Zhang
- Ninth Department of Plastic Surgery, Plastic Surgery Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, No. 33, Badachu Road, Shijingshan District, Beijing, 100144, China
| | - Yan Zeng
- Ninth Department of Plastic Surgery, Plastic Surgery Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, No. 33, Badachu Road, Shijingshan District, Beijing, 100144, China
| | - Zhiguo Su
- Ninth Department of Plastic Surgery, Plastic Surgery Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, No. 33, Badachu Road, Shijingshan District, Beijing, 100144, China
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21
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Lu L, Liu D, Ying J, Yao Z, Hou Q, Wang H, Qi F, Luan W, Jiang H. Denervation Affected Skin Wound Healing in a Modified Rat Model. THE INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF LOWER EXTREMITY WOUNDS 2022:15347346221090758. [PMID: 35341341 DOI: 10.1177/15347346221090758] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Introduction: Lacking of normal innervation increases the chance of chronic wounds and recurrence of ulceration. Various rodent models are designed to reveal nerve-wound relationship but present many limitations to mimic human wound which heals primarily by re-epithelialization rather than contraction in rodents. This article tested a modified rat model of denervated wound healing to better mimic clinical common denervated wounds. Material and Methods: The wounds formed on right hind paws of 18 SD rats served as the experimental (denervated) group and the left side as contra-lateral control (non-denervated). The denervation was achieved through sciatic and femoral nerve co-transection and the control side underwent sham-surgery 3 days prior to a skin punch wound formation on both sides. Wound closure rate was calculated under digital photographing. Loss of innervation and affected healing process was confirmed by histological analyses. Results: Truncation of the sciatic and femur nerve successfully denervated the skin of the hind paw and resulted in a significantly declined healing rate, prolonged inflammation, weakened dermal contraction, hindered macrophage recruitment, retarded re-epithelialization and collagen deposition, decreased angiogenesis and epidermal proliferation, and persisted epidermal apoptosis compared to the innervated contra-lateral control. Conclusion: Wound on denervated dorsal pedis in rats can be used to study denervated skin healing in multiple histological process. We believe that this model will assist in understanding the underlying mechanism of nerve-wound relationship and identifying new treatment strategies that can be more rapidly translated into clinical practice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lu Lu
- Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, 66324Shanghai Dongfang Hospital, Shanghai East Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200120, China
| | - Dandan Liu
- Department of Plastic Surgery, 74573Shenzhen Hospital, Peking University, Shenzhen, 510836, China
| | - Jianghui Ying
- Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, 66324Shanghai Dongfang Hospital, Shanghai East Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200120, China
| | - Zuochao Yao
- Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, 66324Shanghai Dongfang Hospital, Shanghai East Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200120, China
| | - Qiang Hou
- Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, 66324Shanghai Dongfang Hospital, Shanghai East Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200120, China
| | - Hui Wang
- Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, 66324Shanghai Dongfang Hospital, Shanghai East Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200120, China
| | - Fazhi Qi
- Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, 92323Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200032, China
| | - Wenjie Luan
- Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, 92323Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200032, China
| | - Hua Jiang
- Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, 66324Shanghai Dongfang Hospital, Shanghai East Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200120, China
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22
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Yasom S, Khumsri W, Boonsongserm P, Kitkumthorn N, Ruangvejvorachai P, Sooksamran A, Wanotayan R, Mutirangura A. B1 siRNA Increases de novo DNA Methylation of B1 Elements and Promotes Wound Healing in Diabetic Rats. Front Cell Dev Biol 2022; 9:802024. [PMID: 35127718 PMCID: PMC8807477 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2021.802024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2021] [Accepted: 12/22/2021] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Alu (B1 in rodents) hypomethylation, commonly found in diabetes mellitus patients, increases DNA damage and, consequently, delays the healing process. Alu siRNA increases Alu methylation, reduces DNA damage, and promotes cell proliferation.Aim: To explore whether B1 siRNA treatment restores B1 hypomethylation, resulting in a reduction in DNA damage and acceleration of the healing process in diabetic rat wounds.Methods: We generated splinted-excisional wounds in a streptozotocin (STZ)-induced type I diabetic rat model and treated the wounds with B1 siRNA/Ca-P nanoparticles to generate de novo DNA methylation in B1 intersperse elements. After treatment, we investigated B1 methylation levels, wound closure rate, wound histopathological structure, and DNA damage markers in diabetic wounds compared to nondiabetic wounds.Results: We reported that STZ-induced diabetic rat wounds exhibited B1 hypomethylation, wound repair defects, anatomical feature defects, and greater DNA damage compared to normal rats. We also determined that B1 siRNA treatment by Ca-P nanoparticle delivery restored a decrease in B1 methylation levels, remedied delayed wound healing, and improved the histological appearance of the wounds by reducing DNA damage.Conclusion: B1 hypomethylation is inducible in an STZ-induced type I diabetes rat model. Restoration of B1 hypomethylation using B1 siRNA leads to increased genome stability and improved wound repair in diabetes. Thus, B1 siRNA intervention may be a promising strategy for reprogramming DNA methylation to treat or prevent DNA damage-related diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sakawdaurn Yasom
- Center of Excellence in Molecular Genetics of Cancer and Human Disease, Department of Anatomy, Faculty of Medicine, King Chulalongkorn Memorial Hospital, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, Thailand
- Interdisciplinary Program of Biomedical Sciences, Graduate School, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Wilunplus Khumsri
- Center of Excellence in Molecular Genetics of Cancer and Human Disease, Department of Anatomy, Faculty of Medicine, King Chulalongkorn Memorial Hospital, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, Thailand
- Interdisciplinary Program of Biomedical Sciences, Graduate School, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Papatson Boonsongserm
- Center of Excellence in Molecular Genetics of Cancer and Human Disease, Department of Anatomy, Faculty of Medicine, King Chulalongkorn Memorial Hospital, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Nakarin Kitkumthorn
- Department of Oral Biology, Faculty of Dentistry, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | | | - Apasee Sooksamran
- Department of Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Rujira Wanotayan
- Department of Radiological Technology, Faculty of Medical Technology, Mahidol University, Nakhon Pathom, Thailand
| | - Apiwat Mutirangura
- Center of Excellence in Molecular Genetics of Cancer and Human Disease, Department of Anatomy, Faculty of Medicine, King Chulalongkorn Memorial Hospital, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, Thailand
- *Correspondence: Apiwat Mutirangura,
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JIMI S, SAPAROV A, KOIZUMI S, MIYAZAKI M, TAKAGI S. A novel mouse wound model for scar tissue formation in abdominal muscle wall. J Vet Med Sci 2021; 83:1933-1942. [PMID: 34719609 PMCID: PMC8762401 DOI: 10.1292/jvms.21-0464] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/22/2021] [Accepted: 10/16/2021] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Hypertrophic scars found on the human body rarely develop in experimental animals, possibly due to their looser skin structure. This makes it difficult to understand the genesis of scar lesions. Therefore, appropriate animal models are urgently needed. In this study, we established a novel experimental model of a scar-forming wound by resecting a small portion of the abdominal muscle wall on the lower center of the abdomen in C57BL/6N mice, which are exposed to contractive forces by the surrounding muscle tissue. As a low-tension control, a back skin excision model was used with a splint fixed onto the excised skin edge, and granulation tissue formed on the muscle fascia supported by the back skeleton. One week after the resection, initial healing reactions, such as fibroblast proliferation, occurred in both models. However, after 21 days, lesions with collagen-rich granulation tissues, which were also accompanied by multiple nodular/spherical-like structures, developed only in the abdominal wall model. These lesions were analogous to scar lesions in humans. Therefore, the animal model developed in this study is unique in that fibrous scar tissues form under physiological conditions without using any artificial factors and is valuable for studying the pathogenesis and preclinical treatment of scar lesions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shiro JIMI
- Central Lab for Pathology and Morphology, Faculty of
Medicine, Fukuoka University, Fukuoka 814-0180, Japan
| | - Arman SAPAROV
- Department of Medicine, School of Medicine, Nazarbayev
University, Nur-Sultan 010000, Kazakhstan
| | - Seiko KOIZUMI
- R&D Center, Nitta Gelatin Inc., Osaka 581-0024,
Japan
| | - Motoyasu MIYAZAKI
- Department of Pharmacy, Fukuoka University Chikushi
Hospital, Fukuoka 818-0067, Japan
| | - Satoshi TAKAGI
- Department of Plastic Reconstructive and aesthetic Surgery,
Faculty of Medicine, Fukuoka University, Fukuoka 814-0180, Japan
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24
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Wichaiyo S, Svasti S, Supharattanasitthi W, Morales NP. Dasatinib induces loss of vascular integrity and promotes cutaneous wound repair in mice. J Thromb Haemost 2021; 19:3154-3167. [PMID: 34402195 DOI: 10.1111/jth.15499] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/22/2021] [Revised: 07/14/2021] [Accepted: 08/13/2021] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Inflammatory bleeding due to depletion of platelet glycoprotein VI (GPVI) and C-type lectin-like receptor 2 (CLEC-2) has been proposed as a potential novel mechanism to promote skin wound healing. Dasatinib inhibits a broad range of tyrosine kinases, including Src and Syk, the signaling molecules downstream of GPVI and CLEC-2. OBJECTIVES To investigate whether dasatinib affects skin wound healing. METHODS A single (4-mm diameter) full-thickness excisional skin wound was generated in mice. Dasatinib (5 or 10 mg/kg) or dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO) vehicle was intraperitoneally injected daily during the first 4 days. The wound was monitored over 9 days post injury. RESULTS Dasatinib induced loss of vascular integrity during the inflammatory phase of wound repair (day 1 to day 3 post injury), which was associated with the inhibition of platelet function stimulated by collagen and rhodocytin, the ligands for GPVI and CLEC-2, respectively. Dasatinib-treated mice, particularly at 5 mg/kg, exhibited accelerated wound closure compared to DMSO-treated controls. Transient bleeding into the wound during the inflammatory phase in dasatinib-treated mice allowed for extravasation of fibrinogen. The increased deposition of fibrinogen and fibrin in the wound on day 3 post injury was associated with the augmented progression of re-epithelialization and angiogenesis, attenuated infiltration of neutrophils and macrophages, and decreased levels of tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α). CONCLUSIONS Our data show that dasatinib promotes skin wound healing, and the mechanisms include blocking GPVI- and CLEC-2-mediated platelet activation, leading to self-limited inflammatory bleeding and fibrinogen/fibrin deposition, in association with reduced inflammation, increased re-epithelialization, and enhanced angiogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Surasak Wichaiyo
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand
- Centre of Biopharmaceutical Science for Healthy Ageing, Faculty of Pharmacy, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Saovaros Svasti
- Thalassemia Research Center, Institute of Molecular Biosciences, Mahidol University, Nakhon Pathom, Thailand
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Science, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Wasu Supharattanasitthi
- Centre of Biopharmaceutical Science for Healthy Ageing, Faculty of Pharmacy, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand
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25
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Berry-Kilgour C, Cabral J, Wise L. Advancements in the Delivery of Growth Factors and Cytokines for the Treatment of Cutaneous Wound Indications. Adv Wound Care (New Rochelle) 2021; 10:596-622. [PMID: 33086946 PMCID: PMC8392095 DOI: 10.1089/wound.2020.1183] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/29/2020] [Accepted: 10/19/2020] [Indexed: 01/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Significance: Wound healing involves the phasic production of growth factors (GFs) and cytokines to progress an acute wound to a resolved scar. Dysregulation of these proteins contributes to both wound chronicity and excessive scarring. Direct supplementation of GFs and cytokines for treatment of healing and scarring complications has, however, been disappointing. Failings likely relate to an inability to deliver recombinant proteins at physiologically relevant levels to an environment conducive to healing. Recent Advances: Inspired by the extracellular matrix, natural biomaterials have been developed that resemble human skin, and are capable of delivering bioactives. Hybrid biomaterials made using multiple polymers, fabrication methods, and proteins are proving efficacious in animal models of acute and impaired wound healing. Critical Issues: For clinical translation, these delivery systems must be tailored for specific wound indications and the correct phase of healing. GFs and cytokines must be delivered in a controlled manner that will target specific healing or scarring impairments. Preclinical assessment in clinically relevant animal models of impaired or excessive healing is critical. Future Directions: Clinical success will likely depend on the GF or cytokine selected, their compatibility with the chosen biomaterial(s), degradation rate of the fabricated system, and the degree of control over release kinetics. Further testing is essential to assess which wound indications are most suited to specific delivery systems and to prove whether they provide superior efficacy over direct protein therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Caitlin Berry-Kilgour
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, School of Biomedical Sciences; Dunedin, New Zealand
| | - Jaydee Cabral
- Department of Chemistry, University of Otago, Dunedin, New Zealand
- Department of Food Sciences, University of Otago, Dunedin, New Zealand
| | - Lyn Wise
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, School of Biomedical Sciences; Dunedin, New Zealand
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26
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Biofilm and Equine Limb Wounds. Animals (Basel) 2021; 11:ani11102825. [PMID: 34679846 PMCID: PMC8532864 DOI: 10.3390/ani11102825] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/08/2021] [Revised: 09/14/2021] [Accepted: 09/23/2021] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Simple Summary Delayed wound healing commonly occurs in limb wounds of horses. These equine limb wounds share many similarities with chronic wounds in humans and one of them seems to be the presence of biofilm, even though equine wound biofilm research is just emerging. Biofilms are aggregates of bacteria, and within these aggregates, the bacteria are protected from both antimicrobial substances and the immune response of the host. Biofilm infections in wounds often delay healing and are impossible to detect with routine diagnostics. However, if suspected, aggressive treatment is needed and includes physically removing biofilm and unhealthy tissue from the wound during debridement and immediately applying antimicrobial compounds to kill any biofilm or bacteria not removed during debridement. Abstract In chronic wounds in humans, biofilm formation and wound chronicity are linked, as biofilms contribute to chronic inflammation and delayed healing. Biofilms are aggregates of bacteria, and living as biofilms is the default mode of bacterial life; within these aggregates, the bacteria are protected from both antimicrobial substances and the immune response of the host. In horses, delayed healing is more commonly seen in limb wounds than body wounds. Chronic inflammation and hypoxia are the main characteristics of delayed wound healing in equine limbs, and biofilms might also contribute to this healing pattern in horses. However, biofilm formation in equine wounds has been studied to a very limited degree. Biofilms have been detected in equine traumatic wounds, and recent experimental models have shown that biofilms protract the healing of equine limb wounds. Detection of biofilms within wounds necessitates advanced techniques that are not available in routine diagnostic yet. However, infections with biofilm should be suspected in equine limb wounds not healing as expected, as they are in human wounds. Treatment should be based on repeated debridement and application of topical antimicrobial therapy.
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27
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AMPK Inhibits mTOR-Driven Keratinocyte Proliferation after Skin Damage and Stress. J Invest Dermatol 2021; 141:2170-2177.e3. [PMID: 33741392 DOI: 10.1016/j.jid.2020.12.036] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2020] [Revised: 12/28/2020] [Accepted: 12/30/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
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28
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Lagares D, Hinz B. Animal and Human Models of Tissue Repair and Fibrosis: An Introduction. Methods Mol Biol 2021; 2299:277-290. [PMID: 34028750 DOI: 10.1007/978-1-0716-1382-5_20] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Reductionist cell culture systems are not only convenient but essential to understand molecular mechanisms of myofibroblast activation and action in carefully controlled conditions. However, tissue myofibroblasts do not act in isolation and the complexity of tissue repair and fibrosis in humans cannot be captured even by the most elaborate culture models. Over the past five decades, numerous animal models have been developed to study different aspects of myofibroblast biology and interactions with other cells and extracellular matrix. The underlying principles can be broadly classified into: (1) organ injury by trauma such as prototypical full thickness skin wounds or burns; (2) mechanical challenges, such as pressure overload of the heart by ligature of the aorta or the pulmonary vein; (3) toxic injury, such as administration of bleomycin to lungs and carbon tetrachloride to the liver; (4) organ infection with viruses, bacteria, and parasites, such as nematode infections of liver; (5) cytokine and inflammatory models, including local delivery or viral overexpression of active transforming growth factor beta; (6) "lifestyle" and metabolic models such as high-fat diet; and (7) various genetic models. We will briefly summarize the most widely used mouse models used to study myofibroblasts in tissue repair and fibrosis as well as genetic tools for manipulating myofibroblast repair functions in vivo.
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Affiliation(s)
- David Lagares
- Center for Immunology and Inflammatory Diseases, Division of Rheumatology, Allergy and Immunology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA.,Department of Medicine, Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA.,Fibrosis Research Center, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Boris Hinz
- Laboratory of Tissue Repair and Regeneration, Faculty of Dentistry, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada.
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29
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Controlled Release of the α-Tocopherol-Derived Metabolite α-13'-Carboxychromanol from Bacterial Nanocellulose Wound Cover Improves Wound Healing. NANOMATERIALS 2021; 11:nano11081939. [PMID: 34443772 PMCID: PMC8398652 DOI: 10.3390/nano11081939] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2021] [Revised: 07/10/2021] [Accepted: 07/12/2021] [Indexed: 01/29/2023]
Abstract
Inflammation is a hallmark of tissue remodeling during wound healing. The inflammatory response to wounds is tightly controlled and well-coordinated; dysregulation compromises wound healing and causes persistent inflammation. Topical application of natural anti-inflammatory products may improve wound healing, in particular under chronic pathological conditions. The long-chain metabolites of vitamin E (LCM) are bioactive molecules that mediate cellular effects via oxidative stress signaling as well as anti-inflammatory pathways. However, the effect of LCM on wound healing has not been investigated. We administered the α-tocopherol-derived LCMs α-13'-hydroxychromanol (α-13'-OH) and α-13'-carboxychromanol (α-13'-COOH) as well as the natural product garcinoic acid, a δ-tocotrienol derivative, in different pharmaceutical formulations directly to wounds using a splinted wound mouse model to investigate their effects on the wounds' proinflammatory microenvironment and wound healing. Garcinoic acid and, in particular, α-13'-COOH accelerated wound healing and quality of the newly formed tissue. We next loaded bacterial nanocellulose (BNC), a valuable nanomaterial used as a wound dressing with high potential for drug delivery, with α-13'-COOH. The controlled release of α-13'-COOH using BNC promoted wound healing and wound closure, mainly when a diabetic condition was induced before the injury. This study highlights the potential of α-13'-COOH combined with BNC as a potential active wound dressing for the advanced therapy of skin injuries.
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30
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Gong JH, Dong JY, Xie T, Zhao Q, Lu SL. Different therapeutic effects between diabetic and non-diabetic adipose stem cells in diabetic wound healing. J Wound Care 2021; 30:S14-S23. [PMID: 33856928 DOI: 10.12968/jowc.2021.30.sup4.s14] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE This study aimed to investigate how adipose tissue-derived stem cells (ASCs) from diabetic and from non-diabetic rats affect wound healing in different microenvironments. METHOD The two types of ASC-rich cells were distinguished by characteristic surface antigen detection. The ASC-rich cells were transplanted into the wounds of diabetic and non-diabetic rats. Wound healing rates were compared and the healing process in the wound margin sections was used to determine how ASC-rich cells affect wound healing in different microenvironments. RESULTS ASC density was decreased in diabetic rats. The generation time of ASC-rich cells from diabetic rats (d-ASC-rich cells) was longer than that of ASC-rich cells from non-diabetic rats. The number of pre-apoptotic cells in the third generation (passage 3) of d-ASC-rich cells was higher than that among the ASC-rich cells from non-diabetic rats. CD31 and CD34 expression was higher in d-ASC-rich cells than in ASC-rich cells from non-diabetic rats, whereas CD44 and CD105 expression was lower than that in ASC-rich cells from non-diabetic rats. Transplantation of ASC-rich cells from non-diabetic rats promoted wound healing in both non-diabetic and diabetic rats. In contrast, d-ASC-rich cells and enriched nuclear cells only promoted wound healing in non-diabetic rats. ASC-rich cell transplantation promoted greater tissue regeneration than d-ASC-rich cell transplantation. CONCLUSION ASC-rich cells promoted wound healing in diabetic and non-diabetic rats. ASC density was lower in the adipose tissue of diabetic rats compared with non-diabetic rats. d-ASC-rich cells did not promote wound healing in diabetic rats, suggesting that caution is warranted regarding the clinical use of diabetic adipose stem cell transplantation for the treatment of diabetic wounds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jia-Hong Gong
- Shanghai Burn Institute, Rui Jin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Jiao-Yun Dong
- Shanghai Burn Institute, Rui Jin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Ting Xie
- Shanghai 9th people's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Qingnan Zhao
- University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas 77054, US
| | - Shu-Liang Lu
- Shanghai Burn Institute, Rui Jin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
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31
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Rebling J, Ben‐Yehuda Greenwald M, Wietecha M, Werner S, Razansky D. Long-Term Imaging of Wound Angiogenesis with Large Scale Optoacoustic Microscopy. ADVANCED SCIENCE (WEINHEIM, BADEN-WURTTEMBERG, GERMANY) 2021; 8:2004226. [PMID: 34258153 PMCID: PMC8261523 DOI: 10.1002/advs.202004226] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/03/2020] [Revised: 02/07/2021] [Indexed: 05/05/2023]
Abstract
Wound healing is a well-coordinated process, necessitating efficient formation of new blood vessels. Vascularization defects are therefore a major risk factor for chronic, non-healing wounds. The dynamics of mammalian tissue revascularization, vessel maturation, and remodeling remain poorly understood due to lack of suitable in vivo imaging tools. A label-free large-scale optoacoustic microscopy (LSOM) approach is developed for rapid, non-invasive, volumetric imaging of tissue regeneration over large areas spanning up to 50 mm with a depth penetration of 1.5 mm. Vascular networks in dorsal mouse skin and full-thickness excisional wounds are imaged with capillary resolution during the course of healing, revealing previously undocumented views of the angiogenesis process in an unperturbed wound environment. Development of an automatic analysis framework enables the identification of key features of wound angiogenesis, including vessel length, diameter, tortuosity, and angular alignment. The approach offers a versatile tool for preclinical research in tissue engineering and regenerative medicine, empowering label-free, longitudinal, high-throughput, and quantitative studies of the microcirculation in processes associated with normal and impaired vascular remodeling, and analysis of vascular responses to pharmacological interventions in vivo.
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Affiliation(s)
- Johannes Rebling
- Institute for Biomedical Engineering and Institute of Pharmacology and ToxicologyFaculty of MedicineUniversity of ZurichZurich8057Switzerland
- Institute for Biomedical EngineeringDepartment of Information Technology and Electrical EngineeringETH ZurichZurich8093Switzerland
| | | | - Mateusz Wietecha
- Institute of Molecular Health SciencesDepartment of BiologyETH ZurichZurich8093Switzerland
| | - Sabine Werner
- Institute of Molecular Health SciencesDepartment of BiologyETH ZurichZurich8093Switzerland
| | - Daniel Razansky
- Institute for Biomedical Engineering and Institute of Pharmacology and ToxicologyFaculty of MedicineUniversity of ZurichZurich8057Switzerland
- Institute for Biomedical EngineeringDepartment of Information Technology and Electrical EngineeringETH ZurichZurich8093Switzerland
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32
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Sawant M, Hinz B, Schönborn K, Zeinert I, Eckes B, Krieg T, Schuster R. A story of fibers and stress: Matrix-embedded signals for fibroblast activation in the skin. Wound Repair Regen 2021; 29:515-530. [PMID: 34081361 DOI: 10.1111/wrr.12950] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/25/2021] [Revised: 05/13/2021] [Accepted: 05/28/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Our skin is continuously exposed to mechanical challenge, including shear, stretch, and compression. The extracellular matrix of the dermis is perfectly suited to resist these challenges and maintain integrity of normal skin even upon large strains. Fibroblasts are the key cells that interpret mechanical and chemical cues in their environment to turnover matrix and maintain homeostasis in the skin of healthy adults. Upon tissue injury, fibroblasts and an exclusive selection of other cells become activated into myofibroblasts with the task to restore skin integrity by forming structurally imperfect but mechanically stable scar tissue. Failure of myofibroblasts to terminate their actions after successful repair or upon chronic inflammation results in dysregulated myofibroblast activities which can lead to hypertrophic scarring and/or skin fibrosis. After providing an overview on the major fibrillar matrix components in normal skin, we will interrogate the various origins of fibroblasts and myofibroblasts in the skin. We then examine the role of the matrix as signaling hub and how fibroblasts respond to mechanical matrix cues to restore order in the confusing environment of a healing wound.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mugdha Sawant
- Translational Matrix Biology, University of Cologne, Medical Faculty, Cologne, Germany
| | - Boris Hinz
- Laboratory of Tissue Repair and Regeneration, Faculty of Dentistry, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada
| | - Katrin Schönborn
- Translational Matrix Biology, University of Cologne, Medical Faculty, Cologne, Germany
| | - Isabel Zeinert
- Translational Matrix Biology, University of Cologne, Medical Faculty, Cologne, Germany
| | - Beate Eckes
- Translational Matrix Biology, University of Cologne, Medical Faculty, Cologne, Germany
| | - Thomas Krieg
- Translational Matrix Biology, University of Cologne, Medical Faculty, Cologne, Germany.,Cologne Excellence Cluster on Cellular Stress Responses in Aging-Associated Diseases (CECAD), University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany.,Center for Molecular Medicine (CMMC), University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | - Ronen Schuster
- Laboratory of Tissue Repair and Regeneration, Faculty of Dentistry, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada.,PhenomicAI, MaRS Centre, 661 University Avenue, Toronto, Canada
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33
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Prasad ASB, Shruptha P, Prabhu V, Srujan C, Nayak UY, Anuradha CKR, Ramachandra L, Keerthana P, Joshi MB, Murali TS, Satyamoorthy K. Pseudomonas aeruginosa virulence proteins pseudolysin and protease IV impede cutaneous wound healing. J Transl Med 2020; 100:1532-1550. [PMID: 32801335 PMCID: PMC7683349 DOI: 10.1038/s41374-020-00478-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/03/2020] [Revised: 07/15/2020] [Accepted: 07/22/2020] [Indexed: 01/26/2023] Open
Abstract
The intricate biological process of cutaneous wound healing is achieved through precise and highly programmed events. Dermal fibroblasts and keratinocytes play a significant role in the process of reepithelialization during wound healing. Pathogenic bacteria such as Pseudomonas aeruginosa (P. aeruginosa) may delay the proliferative phase of wound repair by secreting their proteins leading to delayed or impaired wound healing. We have analyzed three virulent strains of P. aeruginosa isolated from the wound environment which also differed in their ability to produce biofilms. Mass spectrometric analysis of differentially expressed secreted proteins by three virulent strains of P. aeruginosa revealed peptides from pseudolysin and protease IV expressed from lasB and prpL genes. Pseudolysin and protease IV recombinant proteins were tested for their ability to modulate wound healing in several cell types of wound microenvironment in in vitro and in vivo models. Both pseudolysin and protease IV inhibited migration and survival of fibroblasts, keratinocytes, and endothelial cells. In three dimensional spheroid endothelial models and matrigel assays these proteins impeded sprouting and tube formation. In a mouse model of excision wound, pseudolysin and protease IV treatment showed reduced collagen content, inhibited neovascularization and epithelialization, and delayed wound contraction. Furthermore, pseudolysin and protease IV treatment resulted in a significant increase in plasma IL-6 levels when compared to vehicle control and control, suggesting the induction of a state of prolonged inflammation. Taken together, our data indicate pseudolysin and protease IV secreted from biofilm producing and antibiotic resistant P. aeruginosa in wound microenvironment produce both local and systemic effects that is detrimental to the maintenance of tissue homeostasis. Hence, these proteins may serve as potential therapeutic targets toward better clinical management of wounds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alevoor Srinivas Bharath Prasad
- Department of Ageing Research, Manipal School of Life Sciences (MSLS), Manipal Academy of Higher Education (MAHE), Manipal, India
| | - Padival Shruptha
- Department of Biotechnology, Manipal School of Life Sciences (MSLS), Manipal Academy of Higher Education (MAHE), Manipal, India
| | - Vijendra Prabhu
- Department of Biotechnology, Manipal Institute of Technology, Manipal Academy of Higher Education (MAHE), Manipal, India
| | - Cheruku Srujan
- Department of Biotechnology, Manipal School of Life Sciences (MSLS), Manipal Academy of Higher Education (MAHE), Manipal, India
| | - Usha Yogendra Nayak
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Manipal College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Manipal Academy of Higher Education (MAHE), Manipal, India
| | - Calicut Kini Rao Anuradha
- Department of Pathology, Kasturba Medical College (KMC), Manipal Academy of Higher Education (MAHE), Manipal, India
- Department of Pathology, Yenepoya Medical College, Mangalore, India
| | - Lingadakai Ramachandra
- Department of Surgery, Kasturba Medical College (KMC), Manipal Academy of Higher Education (MAHE), Manipal, India
| | - Prasad Keerthana
- Manipal School of Information Sciences, Manipal Academy of Higher Education (MAHE), Manipal, India
| | - Manjunath B Joshi
- Department of Ageing Research, Manipal School of Life Sciences (MSLS), Manipal Academy of Higher Education (MAHE), Manipal, India
| | - Thokur Sreepathy Murali
- Department of Biotechnology, Manipal School of Life Sciences (MSLS), Manipal Academy of Higher Education (MAHE), Manipal, India
| | - Kapaettu Satyamoorthy
- Department of Cell & Molecular Biology, Manipal School of Life Sciences (MSLS), Manipal Academy of Higher Education (MAHE), Manipal, India.
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Nun N, Cruz M, Jain T, Tseng YM, Menefee J, Jatana S, Patil PS, Leipzig ND, McDonald C, Maytin E, Joy A. Thread Size and Polymer Composition of 3D Printed and Electrospun Wound Dressings Affect Wound Healing Outcomes in an Excisional Wound Rat Model. Biomacromolecules 2020; 21:4030-4042. [PMID: 32902971 DOI: 10.1021/acs.biomac.0c00801] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Abstract
Thread size and polymer composition are critical properties to consider for achieving a positive healing outcome with a wound dressing. Three-dimensional (3D) printed scaffolds and electrospun mats both offer distinct advantages as replaceable wound dressings. This research aims to determine if the thread size and polymer compositions of the scaffolds affect skin wound healing outcomes, an aspect that has not been adequately explored. Using a modular polymer platform, four polyester direct-write 3D printed scaffolds and electrospun mats were fabricated into wound dressings. The dressings were applied to splinted, full thickness skin wounds in an excisional wound rat model and evaluated against control wounds to which no dressing was applied. Wound closure rates and reduction of the wound bed width were not affected by the thread size or polymer composition. However, epidermal thickness was larger in wounds treated with electrospun dressings and was slightly affected by the polymer composition. Two of the four tested polymer compositions lead to delayed reorganization of granulation tissues. Moreover, enhanced angiogenesis was seen in wounds treated with 3D printed dressings compared to those treated with electrospun dressings. The results from this study can be used to inform the choice of dressing architecture and polymer compositions to achieve positive wound healing outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nicholas Nun
- Department of Polymer Science, The University of Akron, Akron, Ohio 44325, United States
| | - Megan Cruz
- Department of Polymer Science, The University of Akron, Akron, Ohio 44325, United States
| | - Tanmay Jain
- Department of Polymer Science, The University of Akron, Akron, Ohio 44325, United States
| | - Yen-Ming Tseng
- Department of Polymer Science, The University of Akron, Akron, Ohio 44325, United States
| | - Josh Menefee
- Department of Polymer Science, The University of Akron, Akron, Ohio 44325, United States
| | - Samreen Jatana
- Department of Inflammation and Immunity, Lerner Research Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, Ohio 44106, United States
| | - Pritam S Patil
- Department of Chemical, Biomolecular and Corrosion Engineering, The University of Akron, Akron, Ohio 44325, United States
| | - Nic D Leipzig
- Department of Chemical, Biomolecular and Corrosion Engineering, The University of Akron, Akron, Ohio 44325, United States
| | - Christine McDonald
- Department of Inflammation and Immunity, Lerner Research Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, Ohio 44106, United States
| | - Edward Maytin
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Lerner Research Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland Ohio 44106, United States.,Department of Dermatology, Dermatology and Plastic Surgery Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, Ohio 44106, United States
| | - Abraham Joy
- Department of Polymer Science, The University of Akron, Akron, Ohio 44325, United States
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Zherebtsova O, Platonov V. Evolutionary transformation of the subcutaneous muscle in rodents of Ctenohystrica (Rodentia: Diatomyidae, Ctenodactylidae, and Hystricognathi). J Morphol 2020. [DOI: 10.1002/jmor.21221] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Olga Zherebtsova
- Laboratory of Theriology Zoological Institute of RAS Saint Petersburg Russia
| | - Vladimir Platonov
- Laboratory of Theriology Zoological Institute of RAS Saint Petersburg Russia
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Hsieh JC, Joshi CJ, Wan R, Galiano RD. The Northwestern Abdominoplasty Scar Model: A Tool for High-Throughput Assessment of Scar Therapeutics. Adv Wound Care (New Rochelle) 2020; 9:396-404. [PMID: 32320363 DOI: 10.1089/wound.2018.0900] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Significance: Scar management is an important concern in plastic surgery. Scar models that best mimic in vivo human scarring are essential for understanding scar development and progression, assessing the efficacy of therapeutics, and providing reliable and valid research outcomes. Recent Advances: In 2016, Lanier et al. proposed a new in vivo patient model, the Northwestern Abdominoplasty Scar Model, that overcomes the prior limitations of both animal and human models, with greater representativeness of the human scarring process, expedited recruitment, smaller sample requirements, and greater flexibility in the types and number of interventions that can be studied simultaneously. Critical Issues: Existing animal models suffer from limitations that impede generalization to human scars. Human scar studies are difficult to conduct and rarely used due to recruitment difficulties, ethical concerns regarding purposeful wounding, and inherent variability based on location, type of scar, and the heterogeneity of the host response between humans. Although overcoming many of these hurdles, the Northwestern Abdominoplasty Scar Model still has a few limitations. In addition, there remains a need for further study of and comparison between the Northwestern Abdominoplasty Scar Model and existing human and animal models, to inspire more widespread acceptance of a standardized human scar model. Future Directions: The Northwestern Abdominoplasty Scar Model is a critical stepping stone toward better human scar models. This model hopefully will inspire other in vivo patient models utilizing elective surgery to overcome recruitment and ethical concerns.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ji-Cheng Hsieh
- Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, Illinois
| | - Chitang J. Joshi
- Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, Illinois
| | - Rou Wan
- Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, Illinois
| | - Robert D. Galiano
- Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, Illinois
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Wang Z, Huang X, Zan T, Li Q, Li H. A modified scar model with controlled tension on secondary wound healing in mice. BURNS & TRAUMA 2020; 8:tkaa013. [PMID: 32395565 PMCID: PMC7201370 DOI: 10.1093/burnst/tkaa013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/03/2019] [Revised: 12/19/2019] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
Pathological scars might cause a distorted appearance and restricted mobility, and the study of scar pathophysiology has been hindered by the absence of a reliable model. In this study, we introduce a model with a modified device to induce controlled tension on a wound healing by secondary intention to overcome the shortcomings of the model generated by Aarabi et al. We investigated and recommend an induction of 0.1 N/mm2 tension on day 7 for 14 days to mimic the characteristics of human scars. A 3.5-fold increase in scar tissue and a 2-fold increase in collagen production were induced by the modified model. Histologically, the modified method increased scar thickness. However, no significant difference was found in cell density between the two groups. This modified procedure significantly increased scar tissue, which could be used for further cellular and biomolecular research. The mechanical force applied to the wound became measurable and controllable. This method is more convenient for researchers to observe in real-time and for providing timely adjustments of the tension used in this modified model.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zi Wang
- Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Ninth People's Hospital, Medical School of Shanghai Jiao Tong University, 639 Zhizaoju Road, Shanghai 200011, China
| | - Xin Huang
- Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Ninth People's Hospital, Medical School of Shanghai Jiao Tong University, 639 Zhizaoju Road, Shanghai 200011, China
| | - Tao Zan
- Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Ninth People's Hospital, Medical School of Shanghai Jiao Tong University, 639 Zhizaoju Road, Shanghai 200011, China
| | - Qingfeng Li
- Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Ninth People's Hospital, Medical School of Shanghai Jiao Tong University, 639 Zhizaoju Road, Shanghai 200011, China
| | - Haizhou Li
- Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Ninth People's Hospital, Medical School of Shanghai Jiao Tong University, 639 Zhizaoju Road, Shanghai 200011, China
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Huynh P, Phie J, Krishna SM, Golledge J. Systematic review and meta-analysis of mouse models of diabetes-associated ulcers. BMJ Open Diabetes Res Care 2020; 8:8/1/e000982. [PMID: 32467222 PMCID: PMC7259859 DOI: 10.1136/bmjdrc-2019-000982] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/16/2019] [Revised: 02/29/2020] [Accepted: 04/18/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Mouse models are frequently used to study diabetes-associated ulcers, however, whether these models accurately simulate impaired wound healing has not been thoroughly investigated. This systematic review aimed to determine whether wound healing is impaired in mouse models of diabetes and assess the quality of the past research. A systematic literature search was performed of publicly available databases to identify original articles examining wound healing in mouse models of diabetes. A meta-analysis was performed to examine the effect of diabetes on wound healing rate using random effect models. A meta-regression was performed to examine the effect of diabetes duration on wound healing impairment. The quality of the included studies was also assessed using two newly developed tools. 77 studies using eight different models of diabetes within 678 non-diabetic and 720 diabetic mice were included. Meta-analysis showed that wound healing was impaired in all eight models. Meta-regression suggested that longer duration of diabetes prior to wound induction was correlated with greater degree of wound healing impairment. Pairwise comparisons suggested that non-obese diabetic mice exhibited more severe wound healing impairment compared with db/db mice, streptozotocin-induced diabetic mice or high-fat fed mice at an intermediate stage of wound healing (p<0.01). Quality assessment suggested that the prior research frequently lacked incorporation of key clinically relevant characteristics. This systematic review suggested that impaired wound healing can be simulated in many different mouse models of diabetes but these require further refinement to become more clinically relevant.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pacific Huynh
- Queensland Research Centre for Peripheral Vascular Disease, James Cook University, Townsville, Queensland, Australia
| | - James Phie
- Queensland Research Centre for Peripheral Vascular Disease, James Cook University, Townsville, Queensland, Australia
| | - Smriti Murali Krishna
- Queensland Research Centre for Peripheral Vascular Disease, James Cook University, Townsville, Queensland, Australia
| | - Jonathan Golledge
- Queensland Research Centre for Peripheral Vascular Disease, James Cook University, Townsville, Queensland, Australia
- Department of Vascular and Endovascular Surgery, Townsville University Hospital, Townsville, Queensland, Australia
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Nascimento-Filho CHV, Silveira EJD, Goloni-Bertollo EM, de Souza LB, Squarize CH, Castilho RM. Skin wound healing triggers epigenetic modifications of histone H4. J Transl Med 2020; 18:138. [PMID: 32216808 PMCID: PMC7098159 DOI: 10.1186/s12967-020-02303-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2019] [Accepted: 03/14/2020] [Indexed: 01/16/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The skin is the largest organ of the human body. Upon injury, the skin triggers a sequence of signaling pathways that induce epithelial proliferation, migration, and ultimately, the re-establishment of the epithelial barrier. Our study explores the unknown epigenetic regulations of wound healing from a histone perspective. Posttranslational modifications of histones enhance chromatin accessibility and modify gene transcription. METHODS Full-thickness wounds were made in the dorsal skin of twenty-four C57/B6 mice (C57BL/6J), followed by the use of ring-shaped silicone splints to prevent wound contraction. Tissue samples were collected at three time points (post-operatory day 1, 4, and 9), and processed for histology. Immunofluorescence was performed in all-time points using markers for histone H4 acetylation at lysines K5, K8, K12, and K16. RESULTS We found well-defined histone modifications associated with the stages of healing. Most exciting, we showed that the epidermis located at a distance from the wound demonstrated changes in histone acetylation, particularly the deacetylation of histone H4K5, H4K8, and H4K16, and hyperacetylation of H4K12. The epidermis adjacent to the wound revealed the deacetylation of H4K5 and H4K8 and hyperacetylation of H4K12. Conversely, the migratory epithelium (epithelial tongue) displayed significant acetylation of H4K5 and H4K12. The H4K5 and H4K8 were decreased in the newly formed epidermis, which continued to display high levels of H4K12 and H4K16. CONCLUSIONS This study profiles the changes in histone H4 acetylation in response to injury. In addition to the epigenetic changes found in the healing tissue, these changes also took place in tissues adjacent and distant to the wound. Furthermore, not only deacetylation but also hyperacetylation occurred during tissue repair and regeneration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carlos H V Nascimento-Filho
- Laboratory of Epithelial Biology, Department of Periodontics and Oral Medicine, University of Michigan, School of Dentistry, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Ericka J D Silveira
- Laboratory of Epithelial Biology, Department of Periodontics and Oral Medicine, University of Michigan, School of Dentistry, Ann Arbor, MI, USA.,Department of Oral Pathology, Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte, Natal, RN, Brazil
| | - Eny M Goloni-Bertollo
- Genetics and Molecular Biology Research Unit, Department of Molecular Biology, School of Medicine of São José do Rio Preto, São José do Rio Preto, SP, Brazil
| | - Lelia Batista de Souza
- Department of Oral Pathology, Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte, Natal, RN, Brazil
| | - Cristiane H Squarize
- Laboratory of Epithelial Biology, Department of Periodontics and Oral Medicine, University of Michigan, School of Dentistry, Ann Arbor, MI, USA. .,Michigan Medicine Rogel Cancer Center, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA.
| | - Rogerio M Castilho
- Laboratory of Epithelial Biology, Department of Periodontics and Oral Medicine, University of Michigan, School of Dentistry, Ann Arbor, MI, USA. .,Michigan Medicine Rogel Cancer Center, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA.
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Masson‐Meyers DS, Andrade TAM, Caetano GF, Guimaraes FR, Leite MN, Leite SN, Frade MAC. Experimental models and methods for cutaneous wound healing assessment. Int J Exp Pathol 2020; 101:21-37. [PMID: 32227524 PMCID: PMC7306904 DOI: 10.1111/iep.12346] [Citation(s) in RCA: 165] [Impact Index Per Article: 41.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/03/2018] [Revised: 01/20/2020] [Accepted: 02/06/2020] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Wound healing studies are intricate, mainly because of the multifaceted nature of the wound environment and the complexity of the healing process, which integrates a variety of cells and repair phases, including inflammation, proliferation, reepithelialization and remodelling. There are a variety of possible preclinical models, such as in mice, rabbits and pigs, which can be used to mimic acute or impaired for example, diabetic and nutrition-related wounds. These can be induced by many different techniques, with excision or incision being the most common. After determining a suitable model for a study, investigators need to select appropriate and reproducible methods that will allow the monitoring of the wound progression over time. The assessment can be performed by non-invasive protocols such as wound tracing, photographic documentation (including image analysis), biophysical techniques and/or by invasive protocols that will require wound biopsies. In this article, we provide an overview of some of the most often needed and used: (a) preclinical/animal models including incisional, excisional, burn and impaired wounds; (b) methods to evaluate the healing progression such as wound healing rate, wound analysis by image, biophysical assessment, histopathological, immunological and biochemical assays. The aim is to help researchers during the design and execution of their wound healing studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniela S. Masson‐Meyers
- Marquette University School of DentistryMilwaukeeWisconsinUSA
- Division of DermatologyDepartment of Internal MedicineRibeirao Preto Medical SchoolUniversity of Sao PauloRibeirao PretoSao PauloBrazil
| | - Thiago A. M. Andrade
- Division of DermatologyDepartment of Internal MedicineRibeirao Preto Medical SchoolUniversity of Sao PauloRibeirao PretoSao PauloBrazil
- Graduate Program of Biomedical SciencesUniversity Center of Herminio Ometto Foundation (FHO)ArarasSao PauloBrazil
| | - Guilherme F. Caetano
- Division of DermatologyDepartment of Internal MedicineRibeirao Preto Medical SchoolUniversity of Sao PauloRibeirao PretoSao PauloBrazil
- Graduate Program of Biomedical SciencesUniversity Center of Herminio Ometto Foundation (FHO)ArarasSao PauloBrazil
| | - Francielle R. Guimaraes
- Division of DermatologyDepartment of Internal MedicineRibeirao Preto Medical SchoolUniversity of Sao PauloRibeirao PretoSao PauloBrazil
- University Center of Associated Schools of Education (UNIFAE)São João da Boa VistaSão PauloBrazil
| | - Marcel N. Leite
- Division of DermatologyDepartment of Internal MedicineRibeirao Preto Medical SchoolUniversity of Sao PauloRibeirao PretoSao PauloBrazil
| | - Saulo N. Leite
- Division of DermatologyDepartment of Internal MedicineRibeirao Preto Medical SchoolUniversity of Sao PauloRibeirao PretoSao PauloBrazil
- University Center of the Educational Foundation Guaxupe (UNIFEG)GuaxupeMinas GeraisBrazil
| | - Marco Andrey C. Frade
- Division of DermatologyDepartment of Internal MedicineRibeirao Preto Medical SchoolUniversity of Sao PauloRibeirao PretoSao PauloBrazil
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Wong W, Crane ED, Kuo Y, Kim A, Crane JD. The exercise cytokine interleukin-15 rescues slow wound healing in aged mice. J Biol Chem 2019; 294:20024-20038. [PMID: 31748415 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.ra119.010740] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/20/2019] [Revised: 11/12/2019] [Indexed: 01/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Impaired wound healing in elderly individuals increases infection risk and prolongs surgical recovery, but current treatment options are limited. Low doses of interleukin-15 (IL-15) that mimic exercise responses in the circulation improve skin structure and increase mitochondria in uninjured aged skin, suggesting that IL-15 is an essential mitochondrial signal for healing that is lost during aging. Here we used gene microarray analysis of old and young murine epidermal stem cells and demonstrate that aging results in a gene signature characteristic of bioenergetic dysfunction. Intravenous IL-15 treatment rescued chronological aging-induced healing defects and restored youthful wound closure in old, sedentary mice. Additionally, exercise-mediated improvements in the healing of aged skin depend upon circulating IL-15. We show that IL-15 induces signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 (STAT3) signaling characteristic of young animals, reduces markers of growth arrest, and increases keratinocyte and fibroblast growth. Moreover, exercise or exercise-mimicking IL-15 treatment rescued the age-associated decrease in epidermal mitochondrial complex IV activity. Overall, these results indicate that IL-15 or its analogs represent promising therapies for treating impaired wound healing in elderly patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wesley Wong
- Department of Biology, Northeastern University, Boston, Massachusetts 02115
| | - Elizabeth D Crane
- Department of Biology, Northeastern University, Boston, Massachusetts 02115
| | - Yikai Kuo
- Department of Biology, Northeastern University, Boston, Massachusetts 02115
| | - Austin Kim
- Department of Biology, Northeastern University, Boston, Massachusetts 02115
| | - Justin D Crane
- Department of Biology, Northeastern University, Boston, Massachusetts 02115
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Li J, Wang J, Wang Z, Xia Y, Zhou M, Zhong A, Sun J. Experimental models for cutaneous hypertrophic scar research. Wound Repair Regen 2019; 28:126-144. [PMID: 31509318 DOI: 10.1111/wrr.12760] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2018] [Revised: 08/29/2019] [Accepted: 09/06/2019] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
Human skin wound repair may result in various outcomes with most of them leading to scar formation. Commonly seen in many cutaneous wound healing cases, hypertrophic scars are considered as phenotypes of abnormal wound repair. To prevent the formation of hypertrophic scars, efforts have been made to understand the mechanism of scarring following wound closure. Numerous in vivo and in vitro models have been created to facilitate investigations into cutaneous scarring and the development of antiscarring treatments. To select the best model for a specific study, background knowledge of the current models of hypertrophic scars is necessary. In this review, we describe in vivo and in vitro models for studying hypertrophic scars, as well as the distinct characteristics of these models. The choice of models for a specific study should be based on the characteristics of the model and the goal of the study. In general, in vivo animal models are often used in phenotypical scar formation analysis, development of antiscarring treatment, and functional analyses of individual genes. In contrast, in vitro models are chosen to pathway identification during scar formation as well as in high-throughput analysis in drug development. Besides helping investigators choose the best scarring model for their research, the goal of this review is to provide knowledge for improving the existing models and development of new models. These will contribute to the progress of scarring studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jialun Li
- Department of Plastic Surgery, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei Province, China
| | - Jiecong Wang
- Department of Plastic Surgery, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei Province, China
| | - Zhenxing Wang
- Department of Plastic Surgery, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei Province, China
| | - Yun Xia
- Department of Plastic Surgery, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei Province, China
| | - Muran Zhou
- Department of Plastic Surgery, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei Province, China
| | - Aimei Zhong
- Department of Plastic Surgery, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei Province, China
| | - Jiaming Sun
- Department of Plastic Surgery, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei Province, China
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Feng CJ, Lin CH, Tsai CH, Yang IC, Ma H. Adipose-derived stem cells-induced burn wound healing and regeneration of skin appendages in a novel skin island rat model. J Chin Med Assoc 2019; 82:635-642. [PMID: 31259836 DOI: 10.1097/jcma.0000000000000134] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The study of effectiveness of adipose-derived stem cells (ASCs) in treating burn wounds is still a developing field. The process of wound contraction in areas of loose skin is a major confounding factor in the evaluation and study of burn wound healing in animal models. METHODS To evaluate the effect of local ASCs administration, deep partial thickness burn wounds were induced by 30 s application of hot copper plates in a novel skin island burn wound rat model to avoid interference from primary wound contraction. Skin islands were divided into two treatment groups-control group (n = 9) injected with PBS and ASCs-treated group (n = 9) injected with 5 × 10 ASCs intradermally. Progress in wound healing was checked at regular intervals after injury (on 1st, 2nd, 3rd, and 4th week) by measuring the mean wound area and analyzing the wound histologically and immunohistochemically, after unstitching the overlaying skin to expose the skin island. RESULTS It was found that local intradermal injection of ASCs improved burn wound healing at all given time points when compared with control groups, especially in the first 2 weeks (p < 0.05). The percentage of live follicles increased gradually in the ASCs-treated groups compared with control groups between the 3rd and 4th weeks (p < 0.05). The vascular density and proliferating cell nuclear antigen index were also significantly increased in the ASCs-treated groups. CONCLUSION Thus, in this study, a novel burn wound rat model with reduced interference from wound contraction has been put forth to investigate the therapeutic effects of local administration of ASCs on burn wound healing. Local injection of ASCs not only improved burn wound recovery but also enhanced angiogenesis and skin appendage regeneration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chin-Jung Feng
- Division of Plastic Surgery, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan, ROC
- Department of Surgery, School of Medicine, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei, Taiwan, ROC
| | - Chih-Hsun Lin
- Division of Plastic Surgery, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan, ROC
- Department of Surgery, School of Medicine, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei, Taiwan, ROC
| | - Chi-Han Tsai
- Division of Plastic Surgery, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan, ROC
| | - I-Chen Yang
- Division of Plastic Surgery, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan, ROC
| | - Hsu Ma
- Division of Plastic Surgery, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan, ROC
- Department of Surgery, School of Medicine, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei, Taiwan, ROC
- Department of Surgery, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei, Taiwan, ROC
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Banerjee J, Seetharaman S, Wrice NL, Christy RJ, Natesan S. Delivery of silver sulfadiazine and adipose derived stem cells using fibrin hydrogel improves infected burn wound regeneration. PLoS One 2019; 14:e0217965. [PMID: 31194776 PMCID: PMC6563979 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0217965] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2018] [Accepted: 05/22/2019] [Indexed: 01/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Infection control is necessary for improved burn wound regeneration. In this study contact burn wounds were induced on the dorsum of the rats and were infected with Pseudomonas aeruginosa (107cfu/ml of saline) and left overnight (12-14 hours) to establish the infection. After 12 hours, the wounds were treated with PEGylated fibrin hydrogel containing 50 mgs of silver sulfadiazine (SSD) loaded chitosan microsphere (SSD-CSM-FPEG). On day 9, SSD-CSM-FPEG treated burn wounds further received adipose derived stem cell (5×104 ASCs cells/ml) embedded in PEGylated fibrin hydrogel. Wounds were assessed for the healing outcomes such as neovascularization, granulation tissue formation, wound closure and collagen maturation. Analysis of bacterial load in the burn wound biopsies, demonstrated that SSD-CSM-FPEG significantly reduced bacterial infection, while overt infection was still observed in the untreated groups on day 14. Sequential treatment of infected wounds with SSD-CSM-FPEG followed by ASC-FPEGs (SSD-CSM-ASC-FPEG) significantly reduced bacterial colonization (9 log reduction) and pro-inflammatory cytokine (TNF-α) expression. A significant increase in neovascularization markers; NG2 and vWF was also observed. Histological analysis indicated the wounds treated with SSD-CSM-ASC-FPEG increased amount of dermal collagen matrix deposition, a thicker granulation tissue on day 21 and more mature collagen on day 28. This work demonstrates that the sequential treatment of infected burn wounds with SSD-CSM-FPEG followed by ASC-FPEG reduces bacterial infection as well as promotes neo-vascularization with improved matrix remodeling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jaideep Banerjee
- Combat Trauma and Burn Injury Research, US Army Institute of Surgical Research, Ft. Sam Houston, TX, United States of America
| | - Shanmuganathan Seetharaman
- Combat Trauma and Burn Injury Research, US Army Institute of Surgical Research, Ft. Sam Houston, TX, United States of America
| | - Nicole L. Wrice
- Combat Trauma and Burn Injury Research, US Army Institute of Surgical Research, Ft. Sam Houston, TX, United States of America
| | - Robert J. Christy
- Combat Trauma and Burn Injury Research, US Army Institute of Surgical Research, Ft. Sam Houston, TX, United States of America
| | - Shanmugasundaram Natesan
- Combat Trauma and Burn Injury Research, US Army Institute of Surgical Research, Ft. Sam Houston, TX, United States of America
- * E-mail:
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Wang XT, McKeever CC, Vonu P, Patterson C, Liu PY. Dynamic Histological Events and Molecular Changes in Excisional Wound Healing of Diabetic DB/DB Mice. J Surg Res 2019; 238:186-197. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jss.2019.01.048] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2018] [Revised: 12/18/2018] [Accepted: 01/17/2019] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
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Ketomäki T, Vähätupa M, May U, Pemmari T, Ruikka E, Hietamo J, Kaipiainen P, Barker H, Parkkila S, Uusitalo-Järvinen H, Järvinen TAH. R-Ras regulates vascular permeability, but not overall healing in skin wounds. Exp Dermatol 2018; 28:202-206. [PMID: 30489650 DOI: 10.1111/exd.13851] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/12/2018] [Revised: 11/07/2018] [Accepted: 11/20/2018] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Wounds close by keratinocytes migrating from the edge of the wound and re-epithelializing the epidermis. It has been proposed that the major stimuli for wound closure are blood-derived growth factors, chemokines and cytokines. The small GTPase R-Ras, a known integrin activator, also regulates vascular permeability during angiogenesis, and blood vessels lacking R-Ras leak plasma proteins constantly. We explored whether the access to blood-derived proteins influences skin wound healing in R-Ras knockout (KO) mice. In skin wounds, R-Ras expression was mostly restricted to the vasculature in the granulation tissue. Angiogenic blood vessels in the R-Ras KO mice were significantly more permeable than in wild-type (WT) controls. Although the distances between epidermal tongues, and the panniculus carnosus muscles, were significantly longer in R-Ras KO than WT controls before the granulation tissue formation took place, there were no differences in the wound closure or re-epithelialization rates or granulation tissue formation. These findings were also corroborated in a special splint excision wound model. Our study shows that although R-Ras does not influence the skin wound healing itself, the blood vessels lacking R-Ras are leaky and thus could facilitate the access of blood-derived proteins to the wound.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tuomo Ketomäki
- Faculty of Medicine and Life Sciences, University of Tampere, Tampere, Finland
| | - Maria Vähätupa
- Faculty of Medicine and Life Sciences, University of Tampere, Tampere, Finland
| | - Ulrike May
- Faculty of Medicine and Life Sciences, University of Tampere, Tampere, Finland
| | - Toini Pemmari
- Faculty of Medicine and Life Sciences, University of Tampere, Tampere, Finland
| | - Ella Ruikka
- Faculty of Medicine and Life Sciences, University of Tampere, Tampere, Finland
| | - Jussi Hietamo
- Faculty of Medicine and Life Sciences, University of Tampere, Tampere, Finland
| | - Pirkka Kaipiainen
- Faculty of Medicine and Life Sciences, University of Tampere, Tampere, Finland
| | - Harlan Barker
- Faculty of Medicine and Life Sciences, University of Tampere, Tampere, Finland
| | - Seppo Parkkila
- Faculty of Medicine and Life Sciences, University of Tampere, Tampere, Finland.,Fimlab laboratories, Eye Centre & Department of Orthopedics & Traumatology, Tampere University Hospital, Tampere, Finland
| | - Hannele Uusitalo-Järvinen
- Faculty of Medicine and Life Sciences, University of Tampere, Tampere, Finland.,Fimlab laboratories, Eye Centre & Department of Orthopedics & Traumatology, Tampere University Hospital, Tampere, Finland
| | - Tero A H Järvinen
- Faculty of Medicine and Life Sciences, University of Tampere, Tampere, Finland.,Fimlab laboratories, Eye Centre & Department of Orthopedics & Traumatology, Tampere University Hospital, Tampere, Finland
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Mellers AP, Tenorio CA, Lacatusu DA, Powell BD, Patel BN, Harper KM, Blaber M. Fine-Sampled Photographic Quantitation of Dermal Wound Healing Senescence in Aged BALB/cByJ Mice and Therapeutic Intervention with Fibroblast Growth Factor-1. Adv Wound Care (New Rochelle) 2018; 7:409-418. [PMID: 31741752 DOI: 10.1089/wound.2018.0801] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/11/2018] [Accepted: 06/24/2018] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective: To determine quantitative parameters of dermal wound healing senescence in aged BALB/cByJ mice (an important animal model of aging) and to evaluate the potential for therapeutic intervention by fibroblast growth factor-1 (FGF-1). Approach: Utilize a novel noninvasive fine-sampled photographic methodology to quantify wound healing parameters for healing phases from wounding through to wound closure. Results: Parameters associated with key healing phases were quantified and compared between nonaged and aged cohorts of both genders. The results identify a sexual dimorphism in dermal wound healing, with nonaged females exhibiting a greater overall healing efficiency than males. This enhanced healing in females, however, senesces with age such that healing parameters for aged males and females are statistically indistinguishable. Topical application of FGF-1 was identified as an effective therapeutic intervention to treat dermal healing senescence in aged females. Innovation: The FGF intervention is being analyzed using a new recently published model. This approach significantly increases the amount of preclinical animal data obtainable in wound healing studies, minimizes cohort number compared with (lethal) histological studies, and permits a direct statistical comparison between different healing studies. Conclusion: Quantitative parameters of dermal wound healing, obtained from noninvasive fine-sampled photographic data, identify topical FGF-1 as an effective therapeutic to treat the senescence of dermal healing present in aged female BALB/cByJ mice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alana P. Mellers
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, College of Medicine, Florida State University, Tallahassee, Florida
| | - Connie A. Tenorio
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, College of Medicine, Florida State University, Tallahassee, Florida
| | - Diana A. Lacatusu
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, College of Medicine, Florida State University, Tallahassee, Florida
| | - Brett D. Powell
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, College of Medicine, Florida State University, Tallahassee, Florida
| | - Bhavi N. Patel
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, College of Medicine, Florida State University, Tallahassee, Florida
| | - Kathleen M. Harper
- Biomedical Research Laboratory Animal Resources, Florida State University, Tallahassee, Florida
| | - Michael Blaber
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, College of Medicine, Florida State University, Tallahassee, Florida
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McLain JM, Alami WH, Glovak ZT, Cooley CR, Burke SJ, Collier JJ, Baghdoyan HA, Karlstad MD, Lydic R. Sleep fragmentation delays wound healing in a mouse model of type 2 diabetes. Sleep 2018; 41:5070462. [PMID: 30107617 PMCID: PMC6231532 DOI: 10.1093/sleep/zsy156] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2018] [Revised: 07/04/2018] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Study Objectives This study tested the hypothesis that sleep fragmentation (SF) delays wound healing in obese B6.BKS(D)-Leprdb/J (db/db) mice with impaired leptin signaling and type 2 diabetes compared with wild-type C57BL/6J (B6) mice. Methods Adult male mice (n = 34) were anesthetized and bilateral full-thickness excisional wounds were created on the back of each mouse. Half of the db/db and B6 mice were housed in SF cages equipped with a bar that moved across the cage floor every 2 min, 12 hr/day for 23 days. The other half of each group of mice was housed in the same room and did not experience SF. The dependent measures were number of days required to achieve wound closure, mRNA expression of four inflammatory mediators, blood glucose, insulin, and corticosterone. Results SF in the db/db mice caused a significant delay in wound healing relative to db/db mice with no SF. Days to achieve 50 per cent wound healing were 13.3 ± 0.4 with SF compared with 10.3 ± 0.7 without SF. All B6 mice achieved 50 per cent wound healing within 6 days and complete healing after 16 days. SF caused a significant increase in wound levels of TNF-α mRNA only in the db/db mice and an increase in corticosterone only in the B6 mice. Conclusions The delayed wound healing in obese, diabetic mice caused by SF is homologous to delayed wound healing in some patients with type 2 diabetes. The results support the interpretation that altered leptinergic signaling and inflammatory proteins contribute to delayed wound healing.
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Affiliation(s)
- John Mark McLain
- Department of Surgery, Graduate School of Medicine, University of Tennessee Health Science Center, Memphis, TN
| | - Wateen H Alami
- Department of Surgery, Graduate School of Medicine, University of Tennessee Health Science Center, Memphis, TN
| | - Zachary T Glovak
- Department of Psychology, The University of Tennessee, Knoxville, TN
| | - Chris R Cooley
- Department of Surgery, Graduate School of Medicine, University of Tennessee Health Science Center, Memphis, TN
| | - Susan J Burke
- Pennington Biomedical Research Center, Baton Rouge, LA
| | | | - Helen A Baghdoyan
- Department of Psychology, The University of Tennessee, Knoxville, TN
- Department of Anesthesiology, Graduate School of Medicine, University of Tennessee Health Science Center, Memphis, TN
- Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN
| | - Michael D Karlstad
- Department of Surgery, Graduate School of Medicine, University of Tennessee Health Science Center, Memphis, TN
| | - Ralph Lydic
- Department of Psychology, The University of Tennessee, Knoxville, TN
- Department of Anesthesiology, Graduate School of Medicine, University of Tennessee Health Science Center, Memphis, TN
- Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN
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Yang HM, Choi JJ, Kim HN, Yang SJ, Park SJ, Kang C, Chung HM, Lee MR, Kim SJ, Moon SH. Reconstituting Human Cutaneous Regeneration in Humanized Mice under Endothelial Cell Therapy. J Invest Dermatol 2018; 139:692-701. [PMID: 30393080 DOI: 10.1016/j.jid.2018.08.031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2018] [Revised: 08/07/2018] [Accepted: 08/07/2018] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Much of our understanding of human biology and the function of mammalian cells in tissue regeneration have been derived from mechanistically and genetically manipulated rodent models. However, current models examining epidermal wound repair fail to address both the cross-species mechanistic and immunogenic differences simultaneously. Herein, we describe a multifaceted approach intended to better recapitulate human skin recovery in rodent models. First, immunodeficient NOD.Cg-PrkdcscidIl2rgtm1Wjl/SzJ mice were intravenously inoculated with human hematopoietic stem cells to become, in essence, humanized, and capable of initiating an adaptive immune response. Next, a chimney-shaped mechanical device was implanted onto the excisional wound site to prevent healing by primary intention (contraction) and expedite cell transplantation. Subsequently, cell therapy was administered by transplanting cord blood-derived endothelial progenitor cells or human pluripotent stem cell-derived endothelial cells into the wound site to examine the regeneration process at a histological level. This study demonstrates human cutaneous repair in a murine model by addressing both the mechanistic and immunogenic differences in the epidermis. We further show human leukocyte recruitment in damaged tissue and improved healing by secondary intention in the transplanted groups, highlighting the need for useful preclinical animal models to better understand leukocyte function in human (tissue repair and) regeneration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Heung-Mo Yang
- Department of Medicine, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Kyunggi, Republic of Korea; Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine Institute, Samsung Medical Center, Seoul, Republic of Korea; APR Lab Inc, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Jong-Jin Choi
- Department of Stem Cell Biology, School of Medicine, Konkuk University, Seoul, Republic of Korea; BYON Co Ltd, Stem Cell Research Center, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Ha-Na Kim
- Department of Stem Cell Biology, School of Medicine, Konkuk University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Seung Jip Yang
- Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine Institute, Samsung Medical Center, Seoul, Republic of Korea; Transplantation Research Center, Samsung Biomedical Research Institute, Samsung Medical Center, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Soon-Jung Park
- Department of Stem Cell Biology, School of Medicine, Konkuk University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Changhee Kang
- Department of Stem Cell Biology, School of Medicine, Konkuk University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyung-Min Chung
- Department of Stem Cell Biology, School of Medicine, Konkuk University, Seoul, Republic of Korea; Mirae Cell Bio Co Ltd, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Man Ryul Lee
- Soonchunhyang Institute of Medi-Bio Science, College of Medicine, Soon Chun Hyang University, Cheonan, Republic of Korea.
| | - Sung Joo Kim
- Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine Institute, Samsung Medical Center, Seoul, Republic of Korea; Transplantation Research Center, Samsung Biomedical Research Institute, Samsung Medical Center, Seoul, Republic of Korea; Department of Surgery, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea.
| | - Sung-Hwan Moon
- Department of Medicine, School of Medicine, Konkuk University, Seoul, Republic of Korea.
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The potential of human induced pluripotent stem cells for modelling diabetic wound healing in vitro. Clin Sci (Lond) 2018; 132:1629-1643. [PMID: 30108152 DOI: 10.1042/cs20171483] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/10/2018] [Revised: 06/28/2018] [Accepted: 07/23/2018] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Impaired wound healing and ulceration caused by diabetes mellitus, is a significant healthcare burden, markedly impairs quality of life for patients, and is the major cause of amputation worldwide. Current experimental approaches used to investigate the complex wound healing process often involve cultures of fibroblasts and/or keratinocytes in vitro, which can be limited in terms of complexity and capacity, or utilisation of rodent models in which the mechanisms of wound repair differ substantively from that in humans. However, advances in tissue engineering, and the discovery of strategies to reprogramme adult somatic cells to pluripotency, has led to the possibility of developing models of human skin on a large scale. Generation of induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs) from tissues donated by diabetic patients allows the (epi)genetic background of this disease to be studied, and the ability to differentiate iPSCs to multiple cell types found within skin may facilitate the development of more complex skin models; these advances offer key opportunities for improving modelling of wound healing in diabetes, and the development of effective therapeutics for treatment of chronic wounds.
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