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Jiang W, Liu X, Chen Y, Liu M, Yuan J, Nie M, Fan Y, Wu D, Qian Y, Sha Z, Dong S, Wu C, Liu T, Huang J, Zhang J, Gao C, Jiang R. CD4 + CD11b + T cells infiltrate and aggravate the traumatic brain injury depending on brain-to-cervical lymph node signaling. CNS Neurosci Ther 2024; 30:e14673. [PMID: 38468459 PMCID: PMC10928342 DOI: 10.1111/cns.14673] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2023] [Revised: 12/28/2023] [Accepted: 02/16/2024] [Indexed: 03/13/2024] Open
Abstract
AIM We aim to identify the specific CD4+ T-cell subtype influenced by brain-to-CLN signaling and explore their role during the acute phase of traumatic brain injury (TBI). METHOD Cervical lymphadenectomy or cervical afferent lymphatic ligation was performed before TBI. Cytokine array and western blot were used to detect cytokines, while the motor function was assessed using mNss and rotarod test. CD4+ T-cell subtypes in blood, brain, and CLNs were analyzed with Cytometry by time-of-flight analysis (CyTOF) or fluorescence-activated cell sorting (FACS). Brain edema and volume changes were measured by 9.4T MRI. Neuronal apoptosis was evaluated by terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase-mediated dUTP nick end labeling (TUNEL) staining. RESULTS Cervical lymphadenectomy and ligation of cervical lymphatic vessels resulted in a decreased infiltration of CD4+ T cells, specifically CD11b-positive CD4+ T cells, within the affected region. The population of CD4+ CD11b+ T cells increased in ligated CLNs, accompanied by a decrease in the average fluorescence intensity of sphingosine-1-phosphate receptor-1 (S1PR1) on these cells. Administration of CD4+ CD11b+ T cells sorted from CLNs into the lateral ventricle reversed the attenuated neurologic deficits, brain edema, and lesion volume following cervical lymphadenectomy. CONCLUSION The infiltration of CD4+ CD11b+ T cells exacerbates secondary brain damage in TBI, and this process is modulated by brain-to-CLN signaling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Weiwei Jiang
- Department of NeurosurgeryGeneral Hospital of Tianjin Medical UniversityTianjinChina
- State Key Laboratory of Experimental HematologyTianjinChina
- Tianjin Neurological Institute, Key Laboratory of Post‐Neuroinjury Neurorepair and Regeneration in Central Nervous SystemTianjin Medical University General Hospital, Ministry of EducationTianjinChina
| | - Xuanhui Liu
- Department of NeurosurgeryGeneral Hospital of Tianjin Medical UniversityTianjinChina
- State Key Laboratory of Experimental HematologyTianjinChina
- Tianjin Neurological Institute, Key Laboratory of Post‐Neuroinjury Neurorepair and Regeneration in Central Nervous SystemTianjin Medical University General Hospital, Ministry of EducationTianjinChina
| | - Yupeng Chen
- Department of NeurosurgeryGeneral Hospital of Tianjin Medical UniversityTianjinChina
- State Key Laboratory of Experimental HematologyTianjinChina
- Tianjin Neurological Institute, Key Laboratory of Post‐Neuroinjury Neurorepair and Regeneration in Central Nervous SystemTianjin Medical University General Hospital, Ministry of EducationTianjinChina
| | - Mingqi Liu
- Department of NeurosurgeryGeneral Hospital of Tianjin Medical UniversityTianjinChina
- State Key Laboratory of Experimental HematologyTianjinChina
- Tianjin Neurological Institute, Key Laboratory of Post‐Neuroinjury Neurorepair and Regeneration in Central Nervous SystemTianjin Medical University General Hospital, Ministry of EducationTianjinChina
| | - Jiangyuan Yuan
- Department of NeurosurgeryGeneral Hospital of Tianjin Medical UniversityTianjinChina
- State Key Laboratory of Experimental HematologyTianjinChina
- Tianjin Neurological Institute, Key Laboratory of Post‐Neuroinjury Neurorepair and Regeneration in Central Nervous SystemTianjin Medical University General Hospital, Ministry of EducationTianjinChina
| | - Meng Nie
- Department of NeurosurgeryGeneral Hospital of Tianjin Medical UniversityTianjinChina
- State Key Laboratory of Experimental HematologyTianjinChina
- Tianjin Neurological Institute, Key Laboratory of Post‐Neuroinjury Neurorepair and Regeneration in Central Nervous SystemTianjin Medical University General Hospital, Ministry of EducationTianjinChina
| | - Yibing Fan
- Department of NeurosurgeryTianjin First Central HospitalTianjinChina
| | - Di Wu
- Department of NeurosurgeryGeneral Hospital of Tianjin Medical UniversityTianjinChina
- State Key Laboratory of Experimental HematologyTianjinChina
- Tianjin Neurological Institute, Key Laboratory of Post‐Neuroinjury Neurorepair and Regeneration in Central Nervous SystemTianjin Medical University General Hospital, Ministry of EducationTianjinChina
| | - Yu Qian
- Department of NeurosurgeryGeneral Hospital of Tianjin Medical UniversityTianjinChina
- State Key Laboratory of Experimental HematologyTianjinChina
- Tianjin Neurological Institute, Key Laboratory of Post‐Neuroinjury Neurorepair and Regeneration in Central Nervous SystemTianjin Medical University General Hospital, Ministry of EducationTianjinChina
| | - Zhuang Sha
- Department of NeurosurgeryGeneral Hospital of Tianjin Medical UniversityTianjinChina
- State Key Laboratory of Experimental HematologyTianjinChina
- Tianjin Neurological Institute, Key Laboratory of Post‐Neuroinjury Neurorepair and Regeneration in Central Nervous SystemTianjin Medical University General Hospital, Ministry of EducationTianjinChina
| | - Shiying Dong
- Department of NeurosurgeryGeneral Hospital of Tianjin Medical UniversityTianjinChina
- State Key Laboratory of Experimental HematologyTianjinChina
- Tianjin Neurological Institute, Key Laboratory of Post‐Neuroinjury Neurorepair and Regeneration in Central Nervous SystemTianjin Medical University General Hospital, Ministry of EducationTianjinChina
| | - Chenrui Wu
- Department of NeurosurgeryGeneral Hospital of Tianjin Medical UniversityTianjinChina
- State Key Laboratory of Experimental HematologyTianjinChina
- Tianjin Neurological Institute, Key Laboratory of Post‐Neuroinjury Neurorepair and Regeneration in Central Nervous SystemTianjin Medical University General Hospital, Ministry of EducationTianjinChina
| | - Tao Liu
- Department of NeurosurgeryGeneral Hospital of Tianjin Medical UniversityTianjinChina
- State Key Laboratory of Experimental HematologyTianjinChina
- Tianjin Neurological Institute, Key Laboratory of Post‐Neuroinjury Neurorepair and Regeneration in Central Nervous SystemTianjin Medical University General Hospital, Ministry of EducationTianjinChina
| | - Jinhao Huang
- Department of NeurosurgeryGeneral Hospital of Tianjin Medical UniversityTianjinChina
- State Key Laboratory of Experimental HematologyTianjinChina
- Tianjin Neurological Institute, Key Laboratory of Post‐Neuroinjury Neurorepair and Regeneration in Central Nervous SystemTianjin Medical University General Hospital, Ministry of EducationTianjinChina
| | - Jianning Zhang
- Department of NeurosurgeryGeneral Hospital of Tianjin Medical UniversityTianjinChina
- State Key Laboratory of Experimental HematologyTianjinChina
- Tianjin Neurological Institute, Key Laboratory of Post‐Neuroinjury Neurorepair and Regeneration in Central Nervous SystemTianjin Medical University General Hospital, Ministry of EducationTianjinChina
| | - Chuang Gao
- Department of NeurosurgeryGeneral Hospital of Tianjin Medical UniversityTianjinChina
- State Key Laboratory of Experimental HematologyTianjinChina
- Tianjin Neurological Institute, Key Laboratory of Post‐Neuroinjury Neurorepair and Regeneration in Central Nervous SystemTianjin Medical University General Hospital, Ministry of EducationTianjinChina
| | - Rongcai Jiang
- Department of NeurosurgeryGeneral Hospital of Tianjin Medical UniversityTianjinChina
- State Key Laboratory of Experimental HematologyTianjinChina
- Tianjin Neurological Institute, Key Laboratory of Post‐Neuroinjury Neurorepair and Regeneration in Central Nervous SystemTianjin Medical University General Hospital, Ministry of EducationTianjinChina
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Dixit D, Hallisey VM, Zhu EY, Okuniewska M, Cadwell K, Chipuk JE, Axelrad JE, Schwab SR. S1PR1 inhibition induces proapoptotic signaling in T cells and limits humoral responses within lymph nodes. J Clin Invest 2024; 134:e174984. [PMID: 38194271 PMCID: PMC10869180 DOI: 10.1172/jci174984] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/25/2023] [Accepted: 12/21/2023] [Indexed: 01/10/2024] Open
Abstract
Effective immunity requires a large, diverse naive T cell repertoire circulating among lymphoid organs in search of antigen. Sphingosine 1-phosphate (S1P) and its receptor S1PR1 contribute by both directing T cell migration and supporting T cell survival. Here, we addressed how S1P enables T cell survival and the implications for patients treated with S1PR1 antagonists. We found that S1PR1 limited apoptosis by maintaining the appropriate balance of BCL2 family members via restraint of JNK activity. Interestingly, the same residues of S1PR1 that enable receptor internalization were required to prevent this proapoptotic cascade. Findings in mice were recapitulated in ulcerative colitis patients treated with the S1PR1 antagonist ozanimod, and the loss of naive T cells limited B cell responses. Our findings highlighted an effect of S1PR1 antagonists on the ability to mount immune responses within lymph nodes, beyond their effect on lymph node egress, and suggested both limitations and additional uses of this important class of drugs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dhaval Dixit
- Departments of Cell Biology and Pathology, New York University Grossman School of Medicine, New York, New York, USA
| | - Victoria M. Hallisey
- Departments of Cell Biology and Pathology, New York University Grossman School of Medicine, New York, New York, USA
| | - Ethan Y.S. Zhu
- Departments of Cell Biology and Pathology, New York University Grossman School of Medicine, New York, New York, USA
| | - Martyna Okuniewska
- Departments of Cell Biology and Pathology, New York University Grossman School of Medicine, New York, New York, USA
| | - Ken Cadwell
- Department of Medicine and Institute for Immunology, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Jerry E. Chipuk
- Department of Oncological Sciences, Department of Dermatology, and Tisch Cancer Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York, USA
| | - Jordan E. Axelrad
- Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Medicine, New York University Grossman School of Medicine, New York, New York, USA
| | - Susan R. Schwab
- Departments of Cell Biology and Pathology, New York University Grossman School of Medicine, New York, New York, USA
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3
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Xu X, Han Y, Zhu T, Fan F, Wang X, Liu Y, Luo D. The role of SphK/S1P/S1PR signaling pathway in bone metabolism. Biomed Pharmacother 2023; 169:115838. [PMID: 37944444 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2023.115838] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2023] [Revised: 10/27/2023] [Accepted: 11/01/2023] [Indexed: 11/12/2023] Open
Abstract
There are a large number of people worldwide who suffer from osteoporosis, which imposes a huge economic burden, so it is necessary to explore the underlying mechanisms to achieve better supportive and curative care outcomes. Sphingosine kinase (SphK) is an enzyme that plays a crucial role in the synthesis of sphingosine-1-phosphate (S1P). S1P with paracrine and autocrine activities that act through its cell surface S1P receptors (S1PRs) and intracellular signals. In osteoporosis, S1P is indispensable for both normal and disease conditions. S1P has complicated roles in regulating osteoblast and osteoclast, respectively, and there have been exciting developments in understanding how SphK/S1P/S1PR signaling regulates these processes in response to osteoporosis therapy. Here, we review the proliferation, differentiation, apoptosis, and functions of S1P, specifically detailing the roles of S1P and S1PRs in osteoblasts and osteoclasts. Finally, we focus on the S1P-based therapeutic approaches in bone metabolism, which may provide valuable insights into potential therapeutic strategies for osteoporosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xuefeng Xu
- Key Laboratory of Glucolipid Metabolic Disorder, Ministry of Education of China, China; Guangdong Metabolic Diseases Research Center of Integrated Chinese and Western Medicine, China; Guangdong TCM Key Laboratory for Metabolic Diseases, Guangzhou 510006, China; Institute of Chinese Medicine, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, China
| | - Yi Han
- Key Laboratory of Glucolipid Metabolic Disorder, Ministry of Education of China, China; Guangdong Metabolic Diseases Research Center of Integrated Chinese and Western Medicine, China; Guangdong TCM Key Laboratory for Metabolic Diseases, Guangzhou 510006, China; Institute of Chinese Medicine, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, China
| | - Tianxin Zhu
- Key Laboratory of Glucolipid Metabolic Disorder, Ministry of Education of China, China; Guangdong Metabolic Diseases Research Center of Integrated Chinese and Western Medicine, China; Guangdong TCM Key Laboratory for Metabolic Diseases, Guangzhou 510006, China; Institute of Chinese Medicine, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, China
| | - Faxin Fan
- Key Laboratory of Glucolipid Metabolic Disorder, Ministry of Education of China, China; Guangdong Metabolic Diseases Research Center of Integrated Chinese and Western Medicine, China; Guangdong TCM Key Laboratory for Metabolic Diseases, Guangzhou 510006, China; Institute of Chinese Medicine, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, China
| | - Xin Wang
- Key Laboratory of Glucolipid Metabolic Disorder, Ministry of Education of China, China; Guangdong Metabolic Diseases Research Center of Integrated Chinese and Western Medicine, China; Guangdong TCM Key Laboratory for Metabolic Diseases, Guangzhou 510006, China; Institute of Chinese Medicine, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, China
| | - Yuqing Liu
- Key Laboratory of Glucolipid Metabolic Disorder, Ministry of Education of China, China; Guangdong Metabolic Diseases Research Center of Integrated Chinese and Western Medicine, China; Guangdong TCM Key Laboratory for Metabolic Diseases, Guangzhou 510006, China; Institute of Chinese Medicine, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, China
| | - Duosheng Luo
- Key Laboratory of Glucolipid Metabolic Disorder, Ministry of Education of China, China; Guangdong Metabolic Diseases Research Center of Integrated Chinese and Western Medicine, China; Guangdong TCM Key Laboratory for Metabolic Diseases, Guangzhou 510006, China; Institute of Chinese Medicine, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, China.
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Dixit D, Hallisey VM, Zhu EYS, Okuniewska M, Cadwell K, Chipuk JE, Axelrad JE, Schwab SR. Sphingosine 1-phosphate receptor 1 inhibition induces a pro-apoptotic signaling cascade in T cells. BIORXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR BIOLOGY 2023:2023.08.21.554104. [PMID: 37662380 PMCID: PMC10473648 DOI: 10.1101/2023.08.21.554104] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/05/2023]
Abstract
Effective immunity requires a large, diverse naïve T cell repertoire circulating among lymphoid organs in search of antigen. Sphingosine 1-phosphate (S1P) and its receptor S1PR1 contribute by both directing T cell migration and supporting T cell survival. Here, we address how S1P enables T cell survival, and the implications for patients treated with S1PR1 antagonists. Contrary to expectations, we found that S1PR1 limits apoptosis by maintaining the appropriate balance of BCL2 family members via restraint of JNK activity. Interestingly, the same residues of S1PR1 that enable receptor internalization are required to prevent this pro-apoptotic cascade. Findings in mice were recapitulated in ulcerative colitis patients treated with the S1PR1 antagonist ozanimod, and the loss of naïve T cells limited B cell responses. Our findings highlight an unexpected effect of S1PR1 antagonists on the ability to mount immune responses within lymph nodes, beyond their effect on lymph node egress, and suggest both limitations and novel uses of this important class of drugs.
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5
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Hallisey VM, Schwab SR. Get me out of here: Sphingosine 1-phosphate signaling and T cell exit from tissues during an immune response. Immunol Rev 2023; 317:8-19. [PMID: 37212181 DOI: 10.1111/imr.13219] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/02/2023] [Accepted: 05/03/2023] [Indexed: 05/23/2023]
Abstract
During an immune response, the duration of T cell residence in lymphoid and non-lymphoid tissues likely affects T cell activation, differentiation, and memory development. The factors that govern T cell transit through inflamed tissues remain incompletely understood, but one important determinant of T cell exit from tissues is sphingosine 1-phosphate (S1P) signaling. In homeostasis, S1P levels are high in blood and lymph compared to lymphoid organs, and lymphocytes follow S1P gradients out of tissues into circulation using varying combinations of five G-protein coupled S1P receptors. During an immune response, both the shape of S1P gradients and the expression of S1P receptors are dynamically regulated. Here we review what is known, and key questions that remain unanswered, about how S1P signaling is regulated in inflammation and in turn how S1P shapes immune responses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Victoria M Hallisey
- Department of Cell Biology, New York University Grossman School of Medicine, New York, New York, USA
| | - Susan R Schwab
- Department of Cell Biology, New York University Grossman School of Medicine, New York, New York, USA
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Kihara Y, Chun J. Molecular and neuroimmune pharmacology of S1P receptor modulators and other disease-modifying therapies for multiple sclerosis. Pharmacol Ther 2023; 246:108432. [PMID: 37149155 DOI: 10.1016/j.pharmthera.2023.108432] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/17/2023] [Revised: 04/25/2023] [Accepted: 05/02/2023] [Indexed: 05/08/2023]
Abstract
Multiple sclerosis (MS) is a neurological, immune-mediated demyelinating disease that affects people in the prime of life. Environmental, infectious, and genetic factors have been implicated in its etiology, although a definitive cause has yet to be determined. Nevertheless, multiple disease-modifying therapies (DMTs: including interferons, glatiramer acetate, fumarates, cladribine, teriflunomide, fingolimod, siponimod, ozanimod, ponesimod, and monoclonal antibodies targeting ITGA4, CD20, and CD52) have been developed and approved for the treatment of MS. All the DMTs approved to date target immunomodulation as their mechanism of action (MOA); however, the direct effects of some DMTs on the central nervous system (CNS), particularly sphingosine 1-phosphate (S1P) receptor (S1PR) modulators, implicate a parallel MOA that may also reduce neurodegenerative sequelae. This review summarizes the currently approved DMTs for the treatment of MS and provides details and recent advances in the molecular pharmacology, immunopharmacology, and neuropharmacology of S1PR modulators, with a special focus on the CNS-oriented, astrocyte-centric MOA of fingolimod.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yasuyuki Kihara
- Sanford Burnham Prebys Medical Discovery Institute, United States of America.
| | - Jerold Chun
- Sanford Burnham Prebys Medical Discovery Institute, United States of America
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Maharaj A, Kwong R, Williams J, Smith C, Storr H, Krone R, Braslavsky D, Clemente M, Ram N, Banerjee I, Çetinkaya S, Buonocore F, Güran T, Achermann JC, Metherell L, Prasad R. A retrospective analysis of endocrine disease in sphingosine-1-phosphate lyase insufficiency: case series and literature review. Endocr Connect 2022; 11:e220250. [PMID: 35904228 PMCID: PMC9346324 DOI: 10.1530/ec-22-0250] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2022] [Accepted: 06/28/2022] [Indexed: 11/14/2022]
Abstract
Sphingosine-1-phosphate lyase (SGPL1) insufficiency syndrome (SPLIS) is an autosomal recessive multi-system disorder, which mainly incorporates steroid-resistant nephrotic syndrome and primary adrenal insufficiency. Other variable endocrine manifestations are described. In this study, we aimed to comprehensively annotate the endocrinopathies associated with pathogenic SGPL1 variants and assess for genotype-phenotype correlations by retrospectively reviewing the reports of endocrine disease within our patient cohort and all published cases in the wider literature up to February 2022. Glucocorticoid insufficiency in early childhood is the most common endocrine manifestation affecting 64% of the 50 patients reported with SPLIS, and a third of these individuals have additional mineralocorticoid deficiency. While most individuals also have nephrotic syndrome, SGPL1 variants also account for isolated adrenal insufficiency at presentation. Primary gonadal insufficiency, manifesting with microphallus and cryptorchidism, is reported in less than one-third of affected boys, all with concomitant adrenal disease. Mild primary hypothyroidism affects approximately a third of patients. There is paucity of data on the impact of SGPL1 deficiency on growth, and pubertal development, limited by the early and high mortality rate (approximately 50%). There is no clear genotype-phenotype correlation overall in the syndrome, with variable disease penetrance within individual kindreds. However, with regards to endocrine phenotype, the most prevalent disease variant p.R222Q (affecting 22%) is most consistently associated with isolated glucocorticoid deficiency. To conclude, SPLIS is associated with significant multiple endocrine disorders. While endocrinopathy in the syndrome generally presents in infancy, late-onset disease also occurs. Screening for these is therefore warranted both at diagnosis and through follow-up.
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Affiliation(s)
- Avinaash Maharaj
- Centre for Endocrinology, John Vane Science Centre, Queen Mary University of London, London, UK
| | - Ruth Kwong
- Centre for Endocrinology, John Vane Science Centre, Queen Mary University of London, London, UK
| | - Jack Williams
- Centre for Endocrinology, John Vane Science Centre, Queen Mary University of London, London, UK
| | - Christopher Smith
- Centre for Endocrinology, John Vane Science Centre, Queen Mary University of London, London, UK
| | - Helen Storr
- Centre for Endocrinology, John Vane Science Centre, Queen Mary University of London, London, UK
| | - Ruth Krone
- Birmingham Children’s Hospital, Birmingham, UK
| | - Debora Braslavsky
- Centro de Investigaciones Endocrinológicas ‘Dr. Cesar Bergadá’ (CEDIE) – CONICET – FEI – División de Endocrinología, Hospital de Niños ‘Ricardo Gutiérrez’, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Maria Clemente
- Paediatric Endocrinology, Growth and Development Research Unit, Vall d’Hebron Research Institute (VHIR), Hospital Vall d’Hebron, CIBERER, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Nanik Ram
- Department of Endocrinology, The Aga Khan University Hospital, Karachi, Pakistan
| | - Indraneel Banerjee
- Department of Paediatric Endocrinology, Royal Manchester Children’s Hospital, Manchester, UK
| | - Semra Çetinkaya
- Health Sciences University, Dr. Sami Ulus Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Children’s Health and Disease Education and Research Hospital, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Federica Buonocore
- Genetics and Genomic Medicine Research and Teaching Department, UCL Great Ormond Street Institute of Child Health, University College London, London, UK
| | - Tülay Güran
- Department of Paediatric Endocrinology and Diabetes, Marmara University, School of Medicine, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - John C Achermann
- Genetics and Genomic Medicine Research and Teaching Department, UCL Great Ormond Street Institute of Child Health, University College London, London, UK
| | - Louise Metherell
- Centre for Endocrinology, John Vane Science Centre, Queen Mary University of London, London, UK
| | - Rathi Prasad
- Centre for Endocrinology, John Vane Science Centre, Queen Mary University of London, London, UK
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Spampinato SF, Sortino MA, Salomone S. Sphingosine-1-phosphate and Sphingosine-1-phosphate receptors in the cardiovascular system: pharmacology and clinical implications. ADVANCES IN PHARMACOLOGY (SAN DIEGO, CALIF.) 2022; 94:95-139. [PMID: 35659378 DOI: 10.1016/bs.apha.2022.02.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Abstract
Sphingosine-1-phosphate (S1P) is a lipid that binds and activates five distinct receptor subtypes, S1P1, S1P2, S1P3, S1P4, S1P5, widely expressed in different cells, tissues and organs. In the cardiovascular system these receptors have been extensively studied, but no drug acting on them has been approved so far for treating cardiovascular diseases. In contrast, a number of S1P receptor agonists are approved as immunomodulators, mainly for multiple sclerosis, because of their action on lymphocyte trafficking. This chapter summarizes the available information on S1P receptors in the cardiovascular system and discusses their potential for treating cardiovascular conditions and/or their role on the clinical pharmacology of drugs so far approved for non-cardiovascular conditions. Basic research has recently produced data useful to understand the molecular pharmacology of S1P and S1P receptors, regarding biased agonism, S1P storage, release and vehiculation and chaperoning by lipoproteins, paracrine actions, intracellular non-receptorial S1P actions. On the other hand, the approval of fingolimod and newer generation S1P receptor ligands as immunomodulators, provides information on a number of clinical observations on the impact of these drugs on cardiovascular system which need to be integrated with preclinical data. S1P receptors are potential targets for prevention and treatment of major cardiovascular conditions, including hypertension, myocardial infarction, heart failure and stroke.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Maria Angela Sortino
- Department of Biomedical and Biotechnological Science, University of Catania, Catania, Italy
| | - Salvatore Salomone
- Department of Biomedical and Biotechnological Science, University of Catania, Catania, Italy.
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Sphingosine 1-phosphate modulation and immune cell trafficking in inflammatory bowel disease. Nat Rev Gastroenterol Hepatol 2022; 19:351-366. [PMID: 35165437 DOI: 10.1038/s41575-021-00574-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 20.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 12/22/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Immune cell trafficking is a critical element of the intestinal immune response, both in homeostasis and in pathological conditions associated with inflammatory bowel disease (IBD). This process involves adhesion molecules, chemoattractants and receptors expressed on immune cell surfaces, blood vessels and stromal intestinal tissue as well as signalling pathways, including those modulated by sphingosine 1-phosphate (S1P). The complex biological processes of leukocyte recruitment, activation, adhesion and migration have been targeted by various monoclonal antibodies (vedolizumab, etrolizumab, ontamalimab). Promising preclinical and clinical data with several oral S1P modulators suggest that inhibition of lymphocyte egress from the lymph nodes to the bloodstream might be a safe and efficacious alternative mechanism for reducing inflammation in immune-mediated disorders, including Crohn's disease and ulcerative colitis. Although various questions remain, including the potential positioning of S1P modulators in treatment algorithms and their long-term safety, this novel class of compounds holds great promise. This Review summarizes the critical mediators and mechanisms involved in immune cell trafficking in IBD and the available evidence for efficacy, safety and pharmacokinetics of S1P receptor modulators in IBD and other immune-mediated disorders. Further, it discusses potential future approaches to incorporate S1P modulators into the treatment of IBD.
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Pournajaf S, Dargahi L, Javan M, Pourgholami MH. Molecular Pharmacology and Novel Potential Therapeutic Applications of Fingolimod. Front Pharmacol 2022; 13:807639. [PMID: 35250559 PMCID: PMC8889014 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2022.807639] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2021] [Accepted: 01/31/2022] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Fingolimod is a well-tolerated, highly effective disease-modifying therapy successfully utilized in the management of multiple sclerosis. The active metabolite, fingolimod-phosphate, acts on sphingosine-1-phosphate receptors (S1PRs) to bring about an array of pharmacological effects. While being initially recognized as a novel agent that can profoundly reduce T-cell numbers in circulation and the CNS, thereby suppressing inflammation and MS, there is now rapidly increasing knowledge on its previously unrecognized molecular and potential therapeutic effects in diverse pathological conditions. In addition to exerting inhibitory effects on sphingolipid pathway enzymes, fingolimod also inhibits histone deacetylases, transient receptor potential cation channel subfamily M member 7 (TRMP7), cytosolic phospholipase A2α (cPLA2α), reduces lysophosphatidic acid (LPA) plasma levels, and activates protein phosphatase 2A (PP2A). Furthermore, fingolimod induces apoptosis, autophagy, cell cycle arrest, epigenetic regulations, macrophages M1/M2 shift and enhances BDNF expression. According to recent evidence, fingolimod modulates a range of other molecular pathways deeply rooted in disease initiation or progression. Experimental reports have firmly associated the drug with potentially beneficial therapeutic effects in immunomodulatory diseases, CNS injuries, and diseases including Alzheimer's disease (AD), Parkinson's disease (PD), epilepsy, and even cancer. Attractive pharmacological effects, relative safety, favorable pharmacokinetics, and positive experimental data have collectively led to its testing in clinical trials. Based on the recent reports, fingolimod may soon find its way as an adjunct therapy in various disparate pathological conditions. This review summarizes the up-to-date knowledge about molecular pharmacology and potential therapeutic uses of fingolimod.
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Affiliation(s)
- Safura Pournajaf
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Leila Dargahi
- Neuroscience Research Center, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mohammad Javan
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, Iran
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Qiu Y, Chao CY, Jiang L, Zhang J, Niu QQ, Guo YQ, Song YT, Li P, Zhu ML, Yin YL. Citronellal alleviate macro- and micro-vascular damage in high fat diet / streptozotocin - Induced diabetic rats via a S1P/S1P1 dependent signaling pathway. Eur J Pharmacol 2022; 920:174796. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ejphar.2022.174796] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2021] [Revised: 01/31/2022] [Accepted: 02/01/2022] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
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12
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Okuniewska M, Fang V, Baeyens A, Raghavan V, Lee JY, Littman DR, Schwab SR. SPNS2 enables T cell egress from lymph nodes during an immune response. Cell Rep 2021; 36:109368. [PMID: 34260944 PMCID: PMC8351797 DOI: 10.1016/j.celrep.2021.109368] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/23/2017] [Revised: 03/24/2021] [Accepted: 06/17/2021] [Indexed: 01/27/2023] Open
Abstract
T cell expression of sphingosine 1-phosphate (S1P) receptor 1 (S1PR1) enables T cell exit from lymph nodes (LNs) into lymph, while endothelial S1PR1 expression regulates vascular permeability. Drugs targeting S1PR1 treat autoimmune disease by trapping pathogenic T cells within LNs, but they have adverse cardiovascular side effects. In homeostasis, the transporter SPNS2 supplies lymph S1P and enables T cell exit, while the transporter MFSD2B supplies most blood S1P and supports vascular function. It is unknown whether SPNS2 remains necessary to supply lymph S1P during an immune response, or whether in inflammation other compensatory transporters are upregulated. Here, using a model of dermal inflammation, we demonstrate that SPNS2 supplies the S1P that guides T cells out of LNs with an ongoing immune response. Furthermore, deletion of Spns2 is protective in a mouse model of multiple sclerosis. These results support the therapeutic potential of SPNS2 inhibitors to achieve spatially specific modulation of S1P signaling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Martyna Okuniewska
- Skirball Institute of Biomolecular Medicine, New York University Grossman School of Medicine, New York, NY 10016, USA
| | - Victoria Fang
- Skirball Institute of Biomolecular Medicine, New York University Grossman School of Medicine, New York, NY 10016, USA
| | - Audrey Baeyens
- Skirball Institute of Biomolecular Medicine, New York University Grossman School of Medicine, New York, NY 10016, USA
| | - Varsha Raghavan
- Skirball Institute of Biomolecular Medicine, New York University Grossman School of Medicine, New York, NY 10016, USA
| | - June-Yong Lee
- Skirball Institute of Biomolecular Medicine, New York University Grossman School of Medicine, New York, NY 10016, USA
| | - Dan R Littman
- Skirball Institute of Biomolecular Medicine, New York University Grossman School of Medicine, New York, NY 10016, USA; Howard Hughes Medical Institute, New York, NY 10016, USA
| | - Susan R Schwab
- Skirball Institute of Biomolecular Medicine, New York University Grossman School of Medicine, New York, NY 10016, USA.
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13
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Biener G, Stoneman MR, Raicu V. Fluorescence intensity fluctuation analysis of receptor oligomerization in membrane domains. Biophys J 2021; 120:3028-3039. [PMID: 34214533 DOI: 10.1016/j.bpj.2021.06.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/11/2021] [Revised: 06/02/2021] [Accepted: 06/11/2021] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Fluorescence micrographs of the plasma membrane of cells expressing fluorescently labeled G protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs) often exhibit small clusters of pixels (or puncta) with intensities that are higher than those of the surrounding pixels. Although studies of GPCR interactions in uniform membrane areas abound, understanding the details of the GPCR interactions within such puncta as well as the nature of the membrane formations underlying the puncta is hampered by the lack of adequate experimental techniques. Here, we introduce an enhancement of a recently developed method termed fluorescence intensity fluctuation spectrometry, which permits analysis of protein-protein interactions within the puncta in live cell membranes. We applied the novel fluorescence intensity fluctuation data analysis protocol to previously published data from cells expressing human secretin receptors and determined that the oligomer size increases with receptor concentration and duration of treatment with cognate ligand, not only within uniform regions of the membrane (in agreement with previous publications) but also within the puncta. In addition, we found that the number density and fractional area of the puncta increased after treatment with ligand. This method could be applied for probing the evolution in the time of the chain of events that begins with ligand binding and continues with coated pits formation and receptor internalization for other GPCRs and, indeed, other membrane receptors in living cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gabriel Biener
- Physics Department, University of Wisconsin-Milwaukee, Milwaukee, Wisconsin
| | - Michael R Stoneman
- Physics Department, University of Wisconsin-Milwaukee, Milwaukee, Wisconsin
| | - Valerică Raicu
- Physics Department, University of Wisconsin-Milwaukee, Milwaukee, Wisconsin; Department of Biological Sciences, University of Wisconsin-Milwaukee, Milwaukee, Wisconsin.
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14
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Mao DY, Kleinjan ML, Jilishitz I, Swaminathan B, Obinata H, Komarova YA, Bayless KJ, Hla T, Kitajewski JK. CLIC1 and CLIC4 mediate endothelial S1P receptor signaling to facilitate Rac1 and RhoA activity and function. Sci Signal 2021; 14:14/679/eabc0425. [PMID: 33879602 DOI: 10.1126/scisignal.abc0425] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
Chloride intracellular channels 1 (CLIC1) and 4 (CLIC4) are expressed in endothelial cells and regulate angiogenic behaviors in vitro, and the expression of Clic4 is important for vascular development and function in mice. Here, we found that CLIC1 and CLIC4 in endothelial cells regulate critical G protein-coupled receptor (GPCR) pathways associated with vascular development and disease. In cultured endothelial cells, we found that CLIC1 and CLIC4 transiently translocated to the plasma membrane in response to sphingosine 1-phosphate (S1P). Both CLIC1 and CLIC4 were essential for mediating S1P-induced activation of the small guanosine triphosphatase (GTPase) Rac1 downstream of S1P receptor 1 (S1PR1). In contrast, only CLIC1 was essential for S1P-induced activation of the small GTPase RhoA downstream of S1PR2 and S1PR3. Neither were required for other S1P-S1PR signaling outputs. Rescue experiments revealed that CLIC1 and CLIC4 were not functionally interchangeable, suggesting distinct and specific functions for CLICs in transducing GPCR signaling. These CLIC-mediated mechanisms were critical for S1P-induced stimulation of the barrier function in endothelial cell monolayers. Our results define CLICs as previously unknown players in the pathways linking GPCRs to small GTPases and vascular endothelial function.
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Affiliation(s)
- De Yu Mao
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Matthew L Kleinjan
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA
| | | | - Bhairavi Swaminathan
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Hideru Obinata
- Education and Research Support Center, Gunma University Graduate School of Medicine, Gunma, Japan
| | - Yulia A Komarova
- Department of Pharmacology, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Kayla J Bayless
- Department of Molecular & Cellular Medicine, Texas A&M System Health Science Center, Bryan, TX, USA
| | - Timothy Hla
- Vascular Biology Program, Boston Children's Hospital, Department of Surgery, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Jan K Kitajewski
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA.
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15
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Rowaiye AB, Okpalefe OA, Onuh Adejoke O, Ogidigo JO, Hannah Oladipo O, Ogu AC, Oli AN, Olofinase S, Onyekwere O, Rabiu Abubakar A, Jahan D, Islam S, Dutta S, Haque M. Attenuating the Effects of Novel COVID-19 (SARS-CoV-2) Infection-Induced Cytokine Storm and the Implications. J Inflamm Res 2021; 14:1487-1510. [PMID: 33889008 PMCID: PMC8057798 DOI: 10.2147/jir.s301784] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/13/2021] [Accepted: 03/16/2021] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
The COVID-19 pandemic constitutes an arduous global health challenge, and the increasing number of fatalities calls for the speedy pursuit of a remedy. This review emphasizes the changing aspects of the COVID-19 disease, featuring the cytokine storm's pathological processes. Furthermore, we briefly reviewed potential therapeutic agents that may modulate and alleviate cytokine storms. The literature exploration was made using PubMed, Embase, MEDLINE, Google scholar, and China National Knowledge Infrastructure databases to retrieve the most recent literature on the etiology, diagnostic markers, and the possible prophylactic and therapeutic options for the management of cytokine storm in patients hospitalized with COVID-19 disease. The causative agent, severe acute respiratory coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2), continually threatens the efficiency of the immune system of the infected individuals. As the first responder, the innate immune system provides primary protection against COVID-19, affecting the disease's progression, clinical outcome, and prognosis. Evidence suggests that the fatalities associated with COVID-19 are primarily due to hyper-inflammation and an aberrant immune function. Accordingly, the magnitude of the release of pro-inflammatory cytokines such as interleukin (IL)-1, (IL-6), and tumor necrosis alpha (TNF-α) significantly differentiate between mild and severe cases of COVID-19. The early prediction of a cytokine storm is made possible by several serum chemistry and hematological markers. The prompt use of these markers for diagnosis and the aggressive prevention and management of a cytokine release syndrome is critical in determining the level of morbidity and fatality associated with COVID-19. The prophylaxis and the rapid treatment of cytokine storm by clinicians will significantly enhance the fight against the dreaded COVID-19 disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adekunle Babajide Rowaiye
- Department of Pharmaceutical Microbiology and Biotechnology, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Nnamdi Azikiwe University, Awka, Anambra State, Nigeria
| | | | - Olukemi Onuh Adejoke
- Department of Medical Biotechnology, National Biotechnology Development Agency, Abuja, Nigeria
| | - Joyce Oloaigbe Ogidigo
- Bioresources Development Centre, Abuja, National Biotechnology Development Agency, Abuja, Nigeria
| | - Oluwakemi Hannah Oladipo
- Bioresources Development Centre, Ilorin, National Biotechnology Development Agency, Kwara State, Nigeria
| | - Amoge Chidinma Ogu
- Department of Medical Biotechnology, National Biotechnology Development Agency, Abuja, Nigeria
| | - Angus Nnamdi Oli
- Department of Pharmaceutical Microbiology and Biotechnology, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Nnamdi Azikiwe University, Awka, Anambra State, Nigeria
| | - Samson Olofinase
- Department of Genetics, Genomics, Bioinformatics, National Biotechnology Development Agency, Abuja, Nigeria
| | - Onyekachi Onyekwere
- Bioresources Development Centre, Ubulu-Uku, National Biotechnology Development Agency, Delta State, Nigeria
| | - Abdullahi Rabiu Abubakar
- Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Bayero University, Kano, 700233, Nigeria
| | - Dilshad Jahan
- Department of Hematology, Asgar Ali Hospital, Gandaria, Dhaka, 1204, Bangladesh
| | - Salequl Islam
- Department of Microbiology, Jahangirnagar University, Savar, Dhaka, 1342, Bangladesh
| | - Siddhartha Dutta
- Department of Pharmacology, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Jodhpur, Rajasthan, India
| | - Mainul Haque
- Unit of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine and Defence Health, Universiti Pertahanan Nasional Malaysia (National Defence University of Malaysia), Kem Perdana Sungai Besi, Kuala Lumpur, 57000, Malaysia
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16
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Monocyte-derived S1P in the lymph node regulates immune responses. Nature 2021; 592:290-295. [PMID: 33658712 PMCID: PMC8475585 DOI: 10.1038/s41586-021-03227-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/22/2019] [Accepted: 01/11/2021] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
The lipid chemoattractant sphingosine 1-phosphate (S1P) guides cells from the low-S1P environment of tissues into the high-S1P environment of circulatory fluids(1). Notably, S1P directs T cell exit from lymph nodes (LN), where T cells are initially activated, into lymph, from which T cells reach blood and ultimately inflamed tissues(1). T cells follow S1P gradients primarily using S1P receptor 1 (S1PR1)(1). While recent work has described how S1P gradients are established at steady-state, little is known about S1P distribution in disease, or about how changing S1P levels may affect immune responses. Here, we find that S1P concentrations increase in LN during an immune response. Hematopoietic cells, including inflammatory monocytes (iMo), are an important source of this S1P, an unexpected finding as endothelial cells provide lymph S1P(1). iMo require the early activation marker CD69 to supply this S1P, in part because CD69 expression is associated with reduced levels of S1pr5. CD69 acts as a “stand-your-ground” signal, keeping immune cells at a site of inflammation by regulating both S1P receptors and S1P gradients. Finally, increased S1P prolongs T cell residence time in LN, and exacerbates the severity of experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis. This finding suggests the hypothesis that LN residence time regulates T cell differentiation, and points to novel uses of drugs targeting S1P signaling.
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17
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Hiramatsu-Asano S, Sunahori-Watanabe K, Zeggar S, Katsuyama E, Mukai T, Morita Y, Wada J. Deletion of Mir223 Exacerbates Lupus Nephritis by Targeting S1pr1 in Faslpr/lpr Mice. Front Immunol 2021; 11:616141. [PMID: 33574820 PMCID: PMC7871001 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2020.616141] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2020] [Accepted: 12/09/2020] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective The micro RNAs (miRNAs) and their target mRNAs are differentially expressed in various immune-mediated cells. Here, we investigated the role of Mir223 and sphingosine-1-phosphate receptor 1 (S1pr1) in the pathogenesis of systemic lupus erythematosus. Methods We analyzed miRNA and mRNA profiling data of CD4+ splenic T cells derived from MRL/MpJ-Faslpr /J mice. We performed 3' untranslated region (UTR) luciferase reporter gene assay using human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs). We generated the B6-Mir223-/-Faslpr/lpr mice and the lupus phenotypes were analyzed. Results In CD4+ splenic T cells, we identified upregulation of miR-223-3p and downregulation of the possible target, S1pr1 by RNA sequencing of MRL/MpJ-Faslpr /J mice. The transfection with miR-223-3p mimic significantly suppressed a luciferase activity in HUVEC treated with a Lentivirus vector containing 3' UTR of S1pr1. The mRNA levels of S1pr1 were significantly decreased after miR-223-3p overexpression. In B6-Mir223-/-Faslpr/lpr mice, the proportion of CD3+ T cells, CD3+CD4-CD8- cells, B cells, plasma cells, and S1PR1+CD4+ T cells in the spleen was significantly increased compared with that in B6-Mir223+/+Faslpr/lpr mice by flow cytometry. B6-Mir223-/-Faslpr/lpr mice demonstrated the elevation of glomerular and renal vascular scores associated with enhanced intraglomerular infiltration of S1PR1+CD4+ T cells. Conclusion Unexpectedly, the deletion of Mir223 exacerbated the lupus phenotypes associated with increased population of S1PR1+CD4+ T in spleen and the enhanced infiltration of S1PR1+CD4+ T cells in inflamed kidney tissues, suggesting compensatory role of Mir223 in the pathogenesis of lupus nephritis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sumie Hiramatsu-Asano
- Department of Nephrology, Rheumatology, Endocrinology and Metabolism, Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama University, Okayama, Japan
- Department of Rheumatology, Kawasaki Medical School, Kurashiki, Japan
| | - Katsue Sunahori-Watanabe
- Department of Nephrology, Rheumatology, Endocrinology and Metabolism, Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama University, Okayama, Japan
| | - Sonia Zeggar
- Department of Nephrology, Rheumatology, Endocrinology and Metabolism, Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama University, Okayama, Japan
| | - Eri Katsuyama
- Department of Nephrology, Rheumatology, Endocrinology and Metabolism, Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama University, Okayama, Japan
| | - Tomoyuki Mukai
- Department of Rheumatology, Kawasaki Medical School, Kurashiki, Japan
| | - Yoshitaka Morita
- Department of Rheumatology, Kawasaki Medical School, Kurashiki, Japan
| | - Jun Wada
- Department of Nephrology, Rheumatology, Endocrinology and Metabolism, Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama University, Okayama, Japan
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18
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Masoomikarimi M, Garmabi B, Alizadeh J, Kazemi E, Azari Jafari A, Mirmoeeni S, Dargahi M, Taheri N, Jafari R. Advances in immunotherapy for COVID-19: A comprehensive review. Int Immunopharmacol 2021; 93:107409. [PMID: 33581501 PMCID: PMC7826020 DOI: 10.1016/j.intimp.2021.107409] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2020] [Revised: 01/06/2021] [Accepted: 01/15/2021] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
COVID-19 is an acute respiratory syndrome caused by SARS-COV-2 which has now become a huge pandemic worldwide. The immunopathogenesis of COVID-19 has been established that increased serum levels of C-reactive protein (CRP), interleukin-6 (IL-6), and reduction of the CD4+ and the CD8+ T lymphocyte populations, are the most reported immunological findings in these patients. High levels of other inflammatory cytokines and chemokines such as IL-2 and IL-8 with an increased number of neutrophils and eosinophils may induce immune abnormalities in patients with COVID-19. There is growing evidence to obtain a deeper understanding of the immunopathogenesis of COVID-19 which will lay the foundation for the development of new potential therapies. However, specific and non-specific immunotherapies such as convalescent plasma (CP) are widely performed to treat patients with severe COVID-19, there is no definitive evidence to suggest the effectiveness of these treatments. Hence, this review aimed to highlight the current and most recent studies to identify the new immunotherapeutics for COVID-19 disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Masoomeh Masoomikarimi
- Department of Immunology, School of Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Behzad Garmabi
- Study and Treatment of Circadian Rhythms Research Center, Shahroud University of Medical Sciences, Shahroud, Iran; School of Medicine, Shahroud University of Medical Sciences. Shahroud, Iran
| | - Javad Alizadeh
- Department of Human Anatomy and Cell Science, Max Rady College of Medicine, Rady Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Canada
| | - Erfan Kazemi
- Student Research Committee, School of Medicine, Shahroud University of Medical Sciences, Shahroud, Iran
| | - Amirhossein Azari Jafari
- Student Research Committee, School of Medicine, Shahroud University of Medical Sciences, Shahroud, Iran
| | | | - Motahareh Dargahi
- School of Medicine, Shahroud University of Medical Sciences. Shahroud, Iran
| | - Niloofar Taheri
- School of Medicine, Shahroud University of Medical Sciences. Shahroud, Iran
| | - Reza Jafari
- School of Medicine, Shahroud University of Medical Sciences. Shahroud, Iran.
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19
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Drexler Y, Molina J, Mitrofanova A, Fornoni A, Merscher S. Sphingosine-1-Phosphate Metabolism and Signaling in Kidney Diseases. J Am Soc Nephrol 2021; 32:9-31. [PMID: 33376112 PMCID: PMC7894665 DOI: 10.1681/asn.2020050697] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
In the past few decades, sphingolipids and sphingolipid metabolites have gained attention because of their essential role in the pathogenesis and progression of kidney diseases. Studies in models of experimental and clinical nephropathies have described accumulation of sphingolipids and sphingolipid metabolites, and it has become clear that the intracellular sphingolipid composition of renal cells is an important determinant of renal function. Proper function of the glomerular filtration barrier depends heavily on the integrity of lipid rafts, which include sphingolipids as key components. In addition to contributing to the structural integrity of membranes, sphingolipid metabolites, such as sphingosine-1-phosphate (S1P), play important roles as second messengers regulating biologic processes, such as cell growth, differentiation, migration, and apoptosis. This review will focus on the role of S1P in renal cells and how aberrant extracellular and intracellular S1P signaling contributes to the pathogenesis and progression of kidney diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yelena Drexler
- Katz Family Division of Nephrology and Hypertension/Peggy and Harold Katz Family Drug Discovery Center, Department of Medicine, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, Florida
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20
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Abstract
It is a great honor to be asked to write a "Reflections" article by one of the true icons of biochemistry, Herb Tabor. I felt humbled, especially since it follows many written by biochemists I admire and whose contributions have shaped major advances in biochemistry and molecular biology in the last century. Here I present my personal reflections on my adventure with the bioactive sphingolipid metabolite sphingosine-1-phosphate intertwined with those of my family life as a wife, mother, and grandmother. These reflections brought back many memories of events in my early career that played significant roles in determining the path I have taken for more than 40 years and that brought much fun and satisfaction into my life. It has been an exciting journey so far, with many surprises along the way, that still continues.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sarah Spiegel
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology and the Massey Cancer Center, Virginia Commonwealth University School of Medicine, Richmond, Virginia 23298
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21
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Maharaj A, Williams J, Bradshaw T, Güran T, Braslavsky D, Casas J, Chan LF, Metherell LA, Prasad R. Sphingosine-1-phosphate lyase (SGPL1) deficiency is associated with mitochondrial dysfunction. J Steroid Biochem Mol Biol 2020; 202:105730. [PMID: 32682944 PMCID: PMC7482430 DOI: 10.1016/j.jsbmb.2020.105730] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2019] [Revised: 07/13/2020] [Accepted: 07/14/2020] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
Abstract
Deficiency in Sphingosine-1-phosphate lyase (S1P lyase) is associated with a multi-systemic disorder incorporating primary adrenal insufficiency (PAI), steroid resistant nephrotic syndrome and neurological dysfunction. Accumulation of sphingolipid intermediates, as seen with loss of function mutations in SGPL1, has been implicated in mitochondrial dysregulation, including alterations in mitochondrial membrane potentials and initiation of mitochondrial apoptosis. For the first time, we investigate the impact of S1P lyase deficiency on mitochondrial morphology and function using patient-derived human dermal fibroblasts and CRISPR engineered SGPL1-knockout HeLa cells. Reduced cortisol output in response to progesterone stimulation was observed in two patient dermal fibroblast cell lines. Mass spectrometric analysis of patient dermal fibroblasts revealed significantly elevated levels of sphingosine-1-phosphate, sphingosine, ceramide species and sphingomyelin when compared to control. Total mitochondrial volume was reduced in both S1P lyase deficient patient and HeLa cell lines. Mitochondrial dynamics and parameters of oxidative phosphorylation were altered when compared to matched controls, though differentially across the cell lines. Mitochondrial dysfunction may represent a major event in the pathogenesis of this disease, associated with severity of phenotype.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Maharaj
- Centre for Endocrinology, William Harvey Research Institute, John Vane Science Centre, Queen Mary, University of London, Charterhouse Square, London, United Kingdom
| | - J Williams
- Centre for Endocrinology, William Harvey Research Institute, John Vane Science Centre, Queen Mary, University of London, Charterhouse Square, London, United Kingdom
| | - T Bradshaw
- Centre for Endocrinology, William Harvey Research Institute, John Vane Science Centre, Queen Mary, University of London, Charterhouse Square, London, United Kingdom
| | - T Güran
- Marmara University, School of Medicine, Department of Paediatric Endocrinology and Diabetes, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - D Braslavsky
- Centro de Investigaciones Endocrinológicas "Dr. Cesar Bergadá" (CEDIE) - CONICET - FEI - División de Endocrinología, Hospital de Niños "Ricardo Gutiérrez", Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - J Casas
- Research Unit on BioActive Molecules (RUBAM), Department of Biomedicinal Chemistry, IQAC-CSIC, Jordi Girona 18-26, Barcelona, Spain
| | - L F Chan
- Centre for Endocrinology, William Harvey Research Institute, John Vane Science Centre, Queen Mary, University of London, Charterhouse Square, London, United Kingdom
| | - L A Metherell
- Centre for Endocrinology, William Harvey Research Institute, John Vane Science Centre, Queen Mary, University of London, Charterhouse Square, London, United Kingdom
| | - R Prasad
- Centre for Endocrinology, William Harvey Research Institute, John Vane Science Centre, Queen Mary, University of London, Charterhouse Square, London, United Kingdom.
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22
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The S1P-S1PR Axis in Neurological Disorders-Insights into Current and Future Therapeutic Perspectives. Cells 2020; 9:cells9061515. [PMID: 32580348 PMCID: PMC7349054 DOI: 10.3390/cells9061515] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/14/2020] [Revised: 06/18/2020] [Accepted: 06/19/2020] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Sphingosine 1-phosphate (S1P), derived from membrane sphingolipids, is a pleiotropic bioactive lipid mediator capable of evoking complex immune phenomena. Studies have highlighted its importance regarding intracellular signaling cascades as well as membrane-bound S1P receptor (S1PR) engagement in various clinical conditions. In neurological disorders, the S1P–S1PR axis is acknowledged in neurodegenerative, neuroinflammatory, and cerebrovascular disorders. Modulators of S1P signaling have enabled an immense insight into fundamental pathological pathways, which were pivotal in identifying and improving the treatment of human diseases. However, its intricate molecular signaling pathways initiated upon receptor ligation are still poorly elucidated. In this review, the authors highlight the current evidence for S1P signaling in neurodegenerative and neuroinflammatory disorders as well as stroke and present an array of drugs targeting the S1P signaling pathway, which are being tested in clinical trials. Further insights on how the S1P–S1PR axis orchestrates disease initiation, progression, and recovery may hold a remarkable potential regarding therapeutic options in these neurological disorders.
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23
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Abstract
The signaling lipid sphingosine 1-phosphate (S1P) plays critical roles in an immune response. Drugs targeting S1P signaling have been remarkably successful in treatment of multiple sclerosis, and they have shown promise in clinical trials for colitis and psoriasis. One mechanism of these drugs is to block lymphocyte exit from lymph nodes, where lymphocytes are initially activated, into circulation, from which lymphocytes can reach sites of inflammation. Indeed, S1P can be considered a circulation marker, signaling to immune cells to help them find blood and lymphatic vessels, and to endothelial cells to stabilize the vasculature. That said, S1P plays pleiotropic roles in the immune response, and it will be important to build an integrated view of how S1P shapes inflammation. S1P can function so effectively because its distribution is exquisitely tightly controlled. Here we review how S1P gradients regulate immune cell exit from tissues, with particular attention to key outstanding questions in the field.
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Affiliation(s)
- Audrey A.L. Baeyens
- Skirball Institute of Biomolecular Medicine, New York University School of Medicine, New York, NY 10016, USA;,
| | - Susan R. Schwab
- Skirball Institute of Biomolecular Medicine, New York University School of Medicine, New York, NY 10016, USA;,
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24
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Obinata H, Hla T. Sphingosine 1-phosphate and inflammation. Int Immunol 2020; 31:617-625. [PMID: 31049553 DOI: 10.1093/intimm/dxz037] [Citation(s) in RCA: 163] [Impact Index Per Article: 40.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/19/2019] [Accepted: 04/10/2019] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
AbstractSphingosine 1-phosphate (S1P), a sphingolipid mediator, regulates various cellular functions via high-affinity G protein-coupled receptors, S1P1-5. The S1P-S1P receptor signaling system plays important roles in lymphocyte trafficking and maintenance of vascular integrity, thus contributing to the regulation of complex inflammatory processes. S1P is enriched in blood and lymph while maintained low in intracellular or interstitial fluids, creating a steep S1P gradient that is utilized to facilitate efficient egress of lymphocytes from lymphoid organs. Blockage of the S1P-S1P receptor signaling system results in a marked decrease in circulating lymphocytes because of a failure of lymphocyte egress from lymphoid organs. This provides a basis of immunomodulatory drugs targeting S1P1 receptor such as FTY720, an immunosuppressive drug approved in 2010 as the first oral treatment for relapsing-remitting multiple sclerosis. The S1P-S1P receptor signaling system also plays important roles in maintenance of vascular integrity since it suppresses sprouting angiogenesis and regulates vascular permeability. Dysfunction of the S1P-S1P receptor signaling system results in various vascular defects, such as exaggerated angiogenesis in developing retina and augmented inflammation due to increased permeability. Endothelial-specific deletion of S1P1 receptor in mice fed high-fat diet leads to increased formation of atherosclerotic lesions. This review highlights the importance of the S1P-S1P receptor signaling system in inflammatory processes. We also describe our recent findings regarding a specific S1P chaperone, apolipoprotein M, that anchors to high-density lipoprotein and contributes to shaping the endothelial-protective and anti-inflammatory properties of high-density lipoprotein.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hideru Obinata
- Gunma University Initiative for Advanced Research, Showa-machi, Maebashi, Gunma, Japan
| | - Timothy Hla
- Vascular Biology Program, Boston Children's Hospital, Department of Surgery, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
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25
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Engelbrecht E, Levesque MV, He L, Vanlandewijck M, Nitzsche A, Niazi H, Kuo A, Singh SA, Aikawa M, Holton K, Proia RL, Kono M, Pu WT, Camerer E, Betsholtz C, Hla T. Sphingosine 1-phosphate-regulated transcriptomes in heterogenous arterial and lymphatic endothelium of the aorta. eLife 2020; 9:52690. [PMID: 32091396 PMCID: PMC7054001 DOI: 10.7554/elife.52690] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2019] [Accepted: 02/22/2020] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Despite the medical importance of G protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs), in vivo cellular heterogeneity of GPCR signaling and downstream transcriptional responses are not understood. We report the comprehensive characterization of transcriptomes (bulk and single-cell) and chromatin domains regulated by sphingosine 1-phosphate receptor-1 (S1PR1) in adult mouse aortic endothelial cells. First, S1PR1 regulates NFκB and nuclear glucocorticoid receptor pathways to suppress inflammation-related mRNAs. Second, S1PR1 signaling in the heterogenous endothelial cell (EC) subtypes occurs at spatially-distinct areas of the aorta. For example, a transcriptomically distinct arterial EC population at vascular branch points (aEC1) exhibits ligand-independent S1PR1/ß-arrestin coupling. In contrast, circulatory S1P-dependent S1PR1/ß-arrestin coupling was observed in non-branch point aEC2 cells that exhibit an inflammatory gene expression signature. Moreover, S1P/S1PR1 signaling regulates the expression of lymphangiogenic and inflammation-related transcripts in an adventitial lymphatic EC (LEC) population in a ligand-dependent manner. These insights add resolution to existing concepts of endothelial heterogeneity, GPCR signaling and S1P biology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eric Engelbrecht
- Vascular Biology Program, Boston Children's Hospital, Deapartment of Surgery, Harvard Medical School, Boston, United States
| | - Michel V Levesque
- Vascular Biology Program, Boston Children's Hospital, Deapartment of Surgery, Harvard Medical School, Boston, United States
| | - Liqun He
- Department of Immunology, Genetics and Pathology, Rudbeck Laboratory, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden.,Karolinska Institutet/AstraZeneca Integrated Cardio Metabolic Centre (KI/AZ ICMC), Karolinska Institutet, Huddinge, Sweden
| | - Michael Vanlandewijck
- Department of Immunology, Genetics and Pathology, Rudbeck Laboratory, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden.,Karolinska Institutet/AstraZeneca Integrated Cardio Metabolic Centre (KI/AZ ICMC), Karolinska Institutet, Huddinge, Sweden
| | - Anja Nitzsche
- Université de Paris, INSERM U970, Paris Cardiovascular Research Center, Paris, France
| | - Hira Niazi
- Université de Paris, INSERM U970, Paris Cardiovascular Research Center, Paris, France
| | - Andrew Kuo
- Vascular Biology Program, Boston Children's Hospital, Deapartment of Surgery, Harvard Medical School, Boston, United States
| | - Sasha A Singh
- Center for Interdisciplinary Cardiovascular Sciences, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, United States
| | - Masanori Aikawa
- Center for Interdisciplinary Cardiovascular Sciences, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, United States
| | - Kristina Holton
- Harvard Medical School Research Computing, Boston, United States
| | - Richard L Proia
- Genetics of Development and Disease Branch, National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, United States
| | - Mari Kono
- Genetics of Development and Disease Branch, National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, United States
| | - William T Pu
- Department of Cardiology, Boston Children's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, United States.,Harvard Stem Cell Institute, Harvard University, Cambridge, United States
| | - Eric Camerer
- Université de Paris, INSERM U970, Paris Cardiovascular Research Center, Paris, France
| | - Christer Betsholtz
- Department of Immunology, Genetics and Pathology, Rudbeck Laboratory, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden.,Karolinska Institutet/AstraZeneca Integrated Cardio Metabolic Centre (KI/AZ ICMC), Karolinska Institutet, Huddinge, Sweden
| | - Timothy Hla
- Vascular Biology Program, Boston Children's Hospital, Deapartment of Surgery, Harvard Medical School, Boston, United States
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26
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Dixit D, Okuniewska M, Schwab SR. Secrets and lyase: Control of sphingosine 1-phosphate distribution. Immunol Rev 2020; 289:173-185. [PMID: 30977198 DOI: 10.1111/imr.12760] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/10/2018] [Revised: 03/05/2019] [Accepted: 03/09/2019] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
The signaling lipid sphingosine 1-phosphate (S1P) plays key roles in many physiological processes. In the immune system, S1P's best-described function is to draw cells out of tissues into circulation. Here, we will review models of S1P distribution in the thymus, lymph nodes, spleen, and nonlymphoid tissues. These models have been challenging to construct, because of the lack of tools to map lipid gradients. Nonetheless, evidence to date suggests that S1P distribution is exquisitely tightly controlled, and that concentrations of signaling-available S1P cannot be predicted by standard rules of thumb. The fine regulation of S1P gradients may explain how S1P can simultaneously direct multiple cell movements both between tissues and circulation and within tissues. It may also make it feasible to develop drugs that enable spatially specific modulation of S1P signaling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dhaval Dixit
- Skirball Institute of Biomolecular Medicine, New York University School of Medicine, New York City, New York
| | - Martyna Okuniewska
- Skirball Institute of Biomolecular Medicine, New York University School of Medicine, New York City, New York
| | - Susan R Schwab
- Skirball Institute of Biomolecular Medicine, New York University School of Medicine, New York City, New York
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27
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Dunlap KA, White BG, Erikson DW, Satterfield MC, Pfarrer C, Wu G, Bazer FW, Burghardt RC, Bayless KJ, Johnson GA. FTY720, a sphingosine analog, altered placentome histoarchitecture in ewes. J Anim Sci Biotechnol 2020; 11:2. [PMID: 31911836 PMCID: PMC6943922 DOI: 10.1186/s40104-019-0411-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/25/2019] [Accepted: 12/01/2019] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Background The lysosphingolipid, sphingosine-1-phosphate, is a well-described and potent pro-angiogenic factor. Receptors, as well as the sphingosine phosphorylating enzyme sphingosine kinase 1, are expressed in the placentomes of sheep and the decidua of rodents; however, a function for this signaling pathway during pregnancy has not been established. The objective of this study was to investigate whether sphingosine-1-phosphate promoted angiogenesis within the placentomes of pregnant ewes. Ewes were given daily jugular injections of FTY720 (2-amino-2[2-(− 4-octylphenyl)ethyl]propate-1,3-diol hydrochloride), an S1P analog. Results FTY720 infusion from days 30 to 60 of pregnancy did not alter maternal organ weights nor total number or mass of placentomes, but did alter placentome histoarchitecture. Interdigitation of caruncular crypts and cotyledonary villi was decreased, as was the relative area of cotyledonary tissue within placentomes. Also, the percentage of area occupied by cotyledonary villi per unit of placentome was increased, while the thickness of the caruncular capsule was decreased in ewes treated with FTY720. Further, FTY720 infusion decreased the number and density of blood vessels within caruncular tissue near the placentome capsule where the crypts emerge from the capsule. Finally, FTY720 infusion decreased asparagine and glutamine in amniotic fluid and methionine in allantoic fluid, and decreased the crown rump length of day 60 fetuses. Conclusions While members of the sphingosine-1-phosphate signaling pathway have been characterized within the uteri and placentae of sheep and mice, the present study uses FTY720 to address the influence of S1P signaling on placental development. We present evidence that modulation of the S1P signaling pathway results in the alteration of caruncular vasculature, placentome architecture, abundance of amino acids in allantoic and amniotic fluids, and fetal growth during pregnancy in sheep. The marked morphological changes in placentome histoarchitecture, including alteration in the vasculature, may be relevant to fetal growth and survival. It is somewhat surprising that fetal length was reduced as early as day 60, because fetal growth in sheep is greatest after day 60. The subtle changes observed in the fetuses of ewes exposed to FTY720 may indicate an adaptive response of the fetuses to cope with altered placental morphology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kathrin A Dunlap
- 1Department of Animal Science, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX 77843 USA
| | - Bryan G White
- Okanagan College Salmon Arm Campus, Salmon Arm, British Columbia Canada
| | - David W Erikson
- 3Endocrine Technologies Core, Oregon National Primate Research Center, Oregon Health & Science University, Beaverton, OR USA
| | - M Carey Satterfield
- 1Department of Animal Science, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX 77843 USA
| | - Christiane Pfarrer
- 4Department of Anatomy, University of Veterinary Medicine Hannover, Bischofsholer Damm 15, 30173 Hannover, Germany
| | - Guoyao Wu
- 1Department of Animal Science, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX 77843 USA
| | - Fuller W Bazer
- 1Department of Animal Science, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX 77843 USA
| | - Robert C Burghardt
- 5Department of Veterinary Integrative Biosciences, College of Veterinary Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX 77843 USA
| | - Kayla J Bayless
- 6Department of Molecular and Cellular Medicine, Texas A&M Health Science Center, College Station, TX 77843 USA
| | - Greg A Johnson
- 5Department of Veterinary Integrative Biosciences, College of Veterinary Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX 77843 USA
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28
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Hisano Y, Kono M, Cartier A, Engelbrecht E, Kano K, Kawakami K, Xiong Y, Piao W, Galvani S, Yanagida K, Kuo A, Ono Y, Ishida S, Aoki J, Proia RL, Bromberg JS, Inoue A, Hla T. Lysolipid receptor cross-talk regulates lymphatic endothelial junctions in lymph nodes. J Exp Med 2019; 216:1582-1598. [PMID: 31147448 PMCID: PMC6605750 DOI: 10.1084/jem.20181895] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/04/2018] [Revised: 03/29/2019] [Accepted: 05/06/2019] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Sphingosine 1-phosphate (S1P) and lysophosphatidic acid (LPA) activate G protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs) to regulate biological processes. Using a genome-wide CRISPR/dCas9-based GPCR signaling screen, LPAR1 was identified as an inducer of S1PR1/β-arrestin coupling while suppressing Gαi signaling. S1pr1 and Lpar1-positive lymphatic endothelial cells (LECs) of lymph nodes exhibit constitutive S1PR1/β-arrestin signaling, which was suppressed by LPAR1 antagonism. Pharmacological inhibition or genetic loss of function of Lpar1 reduced the frequency of punctate junctions at sinus-lining LECs. Ligand activation of transfected LPAR1 in endothelial cells remodeled junctions from continuous to punctate structures and increased transendothelial permeability. In addition, LPAR1 antagonism in mice increased lymph node retention of adoptively transferred lymphocytes. These data suggest that cross-talk between LPAR1 and S1PR1 promotes the porous junctional architecture of sinus-lining LECs, which enables efficient lymphocyte trafficking. Heterotypic inter-GPCR coupling may regulate complex cellular phenotypes in physiological milieu containing many GPCR ligands.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu Hisano
- Vascular Biology Program, Boston Children's Hospital, Department of Surgery, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA
| | - Mari Kono
- Genetics of Development and Disease Branch, National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD
| | - Andreane Cartier
- Vascular Biology Program, Boston Children's Hospital, Department of Surgery, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA
| | - Eric Engelbrecht
- Vascular Biology Program, Boston Children's Hospital, Department of Surgery, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA
| | - Kuniyuki Kano
- Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Tohoku University, Sendai, Japan
| | - Kouki Kawakami
- Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Tohoku University, Sendai, Japan
| | - Yanbao Xiong
- Department of Surgery, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD
| | - Wenji Piao
- Department of Surgery, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD
| | - Sylvain Galvani
- Vascular Biology Program, Boston Children's Hospital, Department of Surgery, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA
| | - Keisuke Yanagida
- Vascular Biology Program, Boston Children's Hospital, Department of Surgery, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA
| | - Andrew Kuo
- Vascular Biology Program, Boston Children's Hospital, Department of Surgery, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA
| | - Yuki Ono
- Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Tohoku University, Sendai, Japan
| | - Satoru Ishida
- Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Tohoku University, Sendai, Japan
| | - Junken Aoki
- Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Tohoku University, Sendai, Japan
| | - Richard L Proia
- Genetics of Development and Disease Branch, National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD
| | - Jonathan S Bromberg
- Department of Surgery, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD
| | - Asuka Inoue
- Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Tohoku University, Sendai, Japan
| | - Timothy Hla
- Vascular Biology Program, Boston Children's Hospital, Department of Surgery, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA
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29
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Xiao L, Zhou Y, Friis T, Beagley K, Xiao Y. S1P-S1PR1 Signaling: the "Sphinx" in Osteoimmunology. Front Immunol 2019; 10:1409. [PMID: 31293578 PMCID: PMC6603153 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2019.01409] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/11/2019] [Accepted: 06/04/2019] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
The fundamental interaction between the immune and skeletal systems, termed as osteoimmunology, has been demonstrated to play indispensable roles in the maintenance of balance between bone resorption and formation. The pleiotropic sphingolipid metabolite, sphingosine 1-phosphate (S1P), together with its cognate receptor, sphingosine-1-phosphate receptor-1 (S1PR1), are known as key players in osteoimmunology due to the regulation on both immune system and bone remodeling. The role of S1P-S1PR1 signaling in bone remodeling can be directly targeting both osteoclastogenesis and osteogenesis. Meanwhile, inflammatory cell function and polarization in both adaptive immune (T cell subsets) and innate immune cells (macrophages) are also regulated by this signaling axis, suggesting that S1P-S1PR1 signaling could aslo indirectly regulate bone remodeling via modulating the immune system. Therefore, it could be likely that S1P-S1PR1 signaling might take part in the maintenance of continuous bone turnover under physiological conditions, while lead to the pathogenesis of bone deformities during inflammation. In this review, we summarized the immunological regulation of S1P-S1PR1 signal axis during bone remodeling with an emphasis on how osteo-immune regulators are affected by inflammation, an issue with relevance to chronical bone disorders such as rheumatoid arthritis, spondyloarthritis and periodontitis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lan Xiao
- Institute of Health and Biomedical Innovation, Queensland University of Technology, Brisbane, QLD, Australia.,The Australia-China Centre for Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine, Queensland University of Technology, Brisbane, QLD, Australia
| | - Yinghong Zhou
- Institute of Health and Biomedical Innovation, Queensland University of Technology, Brisbane, QLD, Australia.,The Australia-China Centre for Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine, Queensland University of Technology, Brisbane, QLD, Australia.,Key Laboratory of Oral Medicine, Guangzhou Institute of Oral Disease, Stomatology Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Thor Friis
- Institute of Health and Biomedical Innovation, Queensland University of Technology, Brisbane, QLD, Australia
| | - Kenneth Beagley
- Institute of Health and Biomedical Innovation, Queensland University of Technology, Brisbane, QLD, Australia.,The Australia-China Centre for Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine, Queensland University of Technology, Brisbane, QLD, Australia
| | - Yin Xiao
- Institute of Health and Biomedical Innovation, Queensland University of Technology, Brisbane, QLD, Australia.,The Australia-China Centre for Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine, Queensland University of Technology, Brisbane, QLD, Australia.,Key Laboratory of Oral Medicine, Guangzhou Institute of Oral Disease, Stomatology Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
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30
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Talmont F, Moulédous L, Baranger M, Gomez-Brouchet A, Zajac JM, Deffaud C, Cuvillier O, Hatzoglou A. Development and characterization of sphingosine 1-phosphate receptor 1 monoclonal antibody suitable for cell imaging and biochemical studies of endogenous receptors. PLoS One 2019; 14:e0213203. [PMID: 30845158 PMCID: PMC6405204 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0213203] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/12/2018] [Accepted: 02/15/2019] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Although sphingosine-1-phosphate receptor 1 (S1P1) has been shown to trigger several S1P targeted functions such as immune cell trafficking, cell proliferation, migration, or angiogenesis, tools that allow the accurate detection of endogenous S1P1 localization and trafficking remain to be obtained and validated. In this study, we developed and characterized a novel monoclonal S1P1 antibody. Mice were immunized with S1P1 produced in the yeast Pichia pastoris and nine hybridoma clones producing monoclonal antibodies were created. Using different technical approaches including Western blot, immunoprecipitation and immunocytochemistry, we show that a selected clone, hereinafter referred to as 2B9, recognizes human and mouse S1P1 in various cell lineages. The interaction between 2B9 and S1P1 is specific over receptor subtypes, as the antibody does not binds to S1P2 or S1P5 receptors. Using cell-imaging methods, we demonstrate that 2B9 binds to an epitope located at the intracellular domain of S1P1; reveals cytosolic and membrane localization of the endogenous S1P1; and receptor internalization upon S1P or FTY720-P stimulation. Finally, loss of 2B9 signal upon knockdown of endogenous S1P1 by specific small interference RNAs further confirms its specificity. 2B9 was also able to detect S1P1 in human kidney and spinal cord tissue by immunohistochemistry. Altogether, our results suggest that 2B9 could be a useful tool to detect, quantify or localize low amounts of endogenous S1P1 in various physiological and pathological processes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Franck Talmont
- Institut de Pharmacologie et de Biologie Structurale, Université de Toulouse, CNRS, UPS, Toulouse, France
| | - Lionel Moulédous
- Institut de Pharmacologie et de Biologie Structurale, Université de Toulouse, CNRS, UPS, Toulouse, France
| | | | - Anne Gomez-Brouchet
- Institut de Pharmacologie et de Biologie Structurale, Université de Toulouse, CNRS, UPS, Toulouse, France.,Service d'anatomie et cytologie pathologiques, IUCT Oncopole, Toulouse, France
| | - Jean-Marie Zajac
- Institut de Pharmacologie et de Biologie Structurale, Université de Toulouse, CNRS, UPS, Toulouse, France
| | | | - Olivier Cuvillier
- Institut de Pharmacologie et de Biologie Structurale, Université de Toulouse, CNRS, UPS, Toulouse, France
| | - Anastassia Hatzoglou
- Institut de Pharmacologie et de Biologie Structurale, Université de Toulouse, CNRS, UPS, Toulouse, France
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31
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Xiao L, Zhou Y, Zhu L, Yang S, Huang R, Shi W, Peng B, Xiao Y. SPHK1-S1PR1-RANKL Axis Regulates the Interactions Between Macrophages and BMSCs in Inflammatory Bone Loss. J Bone Miner Res 2018; 33:1090-1104. [PMID: 29377379 DOI: 10.1002/jbmr.3396] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/20/2017] [Revised: 01/04/2018] [Accepted: 01/13/2018] [Indexed: 01/29/2023]
Abstract
Accumulating evidence indicates that the immune and skeletal systems interact with each other through various regulators during the osteoclastogenic process. Among these regulators, the bioactive lipid sphingosine-1-phosphate (S1P), which is synthesized by sphingosine kinase 1/2 (SPHK1/2), has recently been recognized to play a role in immunity and bone remodeling through its receptor sphingosine-1-phosphate receptor 1 (S1PR1). However, little is known regarding the potential role of S1PR1 signaling in inflammatory bone loss. We observed that SPHK1 and S1PR1 were upregulated in human apical periodontitis, accompanied by macrophage infiltration and enhanced expression of receptor activator of NF-κB ligand (RANKL, an indispensable factor in osteoclastogenesis and bone resorption) and increased numbers of S1PR1-RANKL double-positive cells in lesion tissues. Using an in vitro co-culture model of macrophages and bone marrow stromal cells (BMSCs), it was revealed that in the presence of lipopolysaccharide (LPS) stimulation, macrophages could significantly induce SPHK1 activity, which resulted in activated S1PR1 in BMSCs. The activated S1P-S1PR1 signaling was responsible for the increased RANKL production in BMSCs, as S1PR1-blockage abolished this effect. Applying a potent S1P-S1PR1 signaling modulator, Fingolimod (FTY720), in a Wistar rat apical periodontitis model effectively prevented bone lesions in vivo via downregulation of RANKL production, osteoclastogenesis, and bone resorption. Our data unveiled the regulatory role of SPHK1-S1PR1-RANKL axis in inflammatory bone lesions and proposed a potential therapeutic intervention by targeting this cell-signaling pathway to prevent bone loss. © 2018 American Society for Bone and Mineral Research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lan Xiao
- Institute of Health and Biomedical Innovation, Queensland University of Technology, Kelvin Grove Campus, Brisbane, Australia.,The Australia-China Centre for Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine (ACCTERM), Queensland University of Technology, Kelvin Grove Campus, Brisbane, Australia.,The State Key Laboratory Breeding Base of Basic Science of Stomatology (Hubei-MOST) and Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedicine Ministry of Education, School and Hospital of Stomatology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Yinghong Zhou
- Institute of Health and Biomedical Innovation, Queensland University of Technology, Kelvin Grove Campus, Brisbane, Australia.,The Australia-China Centre for Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine (ACCTERM), Queensland University of Technology, Kelvin Grove Campus, Brisbane, Australia
| | - Lingxin Zhu
- The State Key Laboratory Breeding Base of Basic Science of Stomatology (Hubei-MOST) and Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedicine Ministry of Education, School and Hospital of Stomatology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Shasha Yang
- The State Key Laboratory Breeding Base of Basic Science of Stomatology (Hubei-MOST) and Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedicine Ministry of Education, School and Hospital of Stomatology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Rong Huang
- Institute of Health and Biomedical Innovation, Queensland University of Technology, Kelvin Grove Campus, Brisbane, Australia
| | - Wei Shi
- Institute of Health and Biomedical Innovation, Queensland University of Technology, Kelvin Grove Campus, Brisbane, Australia
| | - Bin Peng
- The State Key Laboratory Breeding Base of Basic Science of Stomatology (Hubei-MOST) and Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedicine Ministry of Education, School and Hospital of Stomatology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Yin Xiao
- Institute of Health and Biomedical Innovation, Queensland University of Technology, Kelvin Grove Campus, Brisbane, Australia.,The Australia-China Centre for Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine (ACCTERM), Queensland University of Technology, Kelvin Grove Campus, Brisbane, Australia.,The State Key Laboratory Breeding Base of Basic Science of Stomatology (Hubei-MOST) and Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedicine Ministry of Education, School and Hospital of Stomatology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
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32
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S1P Lyase Regulation of Thymic Egress and Oncogenic Inflammatory Signaling. Mediators Inflamm 2017; 2017:7685142. [PMID: 29333002 PMCID: PMC5733215 DOI: 10.1155/2017/7685142] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/12/2017] [Accepted: 09/13/2017] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Sphingosine-1-phosphate (S1P) is a potent lipid signaling molecule that regulates pleiotropic biological functions including cell migration, survival, angiogenesis, immune cell trafficking, inflammation, and carcinogenesis. It acts as a ligand for a family of cell surface receptors. S1P concentrations are high in blood and lymph but low in tissues, especially the thymus and lymphoid organs. S1P chemotactic gradients are essential for lymphocyte egress and other aspects of physiological cell trafficking. S1P is irreversibly degraded by S1P lyase (SPL). SPL regulates lymphocyte trafficking, inflammation and other physiological and pathological processes. For example, SPL located in thymic dendritic cells acts as a metabolic gatekeeper that controls the normal egress of mature T lymphocytes from the thymus into the circulation, whereas SPL deficiency in gut epithelial cells promotes colitis and colitis-associated carcinogenesis (CAC). Recently, we identified a complex syndrome comprised of nephrosis, adrenal insufficiency, and immunological defects caused by inherited mutations in human SGPL1, the gene encoding SPL. In the present article, we review current evidence supporting the role of SPL in thymic egress, inflammation, and cancer. Lastly, we summarize recent progress in understanding other SPL functions, its role in inherited disease, and SPL targeting for therapeutic purposes.
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33
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Kono M, Conlon EG, Lux SY, Yanagida K, Hla T, Proia RL. Bioluminescence imaging of G protein-coupled receptor activation in living mice. Nat Commun 2017; 8:1163. [PMID: 29079828 PMCID: PMC5660082 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-017-01340-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/24/2016] [Accepted: 09/06/2017] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
Abstract
G protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs), a superfamily of cell-surface receptors involved in virtually all physiological processes, are the major target class for approved drugs. Imaging GPCR activation in real time in living animals would provide a powerful way to study their role in biology and disease. Here, we describe a mouse model that enables the bioluminescent detection of GPCR activation in real time by utilizing the clinically important GPCR, sphingosine-1-phosphate receptor 1 (S1P1). A synthetic S1P1 signaling pathway, designed to report the interaction between S1P1 and β-arrestin2 via the firefly split luciferase fragment complementation system, is genetically encoded in these mice. Upon receptor activation and subsequent β-arrestin2 recruitment, an active luciferase enzyme complex is produced, which can be detected by in vivo bioluminescence imaging. This imaging strategy reveals the dynamics and spatial specificity of S1P1 activation in normal and pathophysiologic contexts in vivo and can be applied to other GPCRs. G protein-coupled receptors are involved in numerous physiological functions, thus, they represent potential pharmaceutical targets. Here Kono et al. describe a new mouse model to image GPCR activation in real-time by exploiting firefly split luciferase fragment complementation that can be detected by bioluminescence imaging.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mari Kono
- Genetics of Development and Disease Branch, National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases, NIH, Bethesda, MD, 20892, USA
| | - Elizabeth G Conlon
- Genetics of Development and Disease Branch, National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases, NIH, Bethesda, MD, 20892, USA
| | - Samantha Y Lux
- Genetics of Development and Disease Branch, National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases, NIH, Bethesda, MD, 20892, USA
| | - Keisuke Yanagida
- Vascular Biology Program, Boston Children's Hospital, Department of Surgery, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, 02115, USA
| | - Timothy Hla
- Vascular Biology Program, Boston Children's Hospital, Department of Surgery, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, 02115, USA
| | - Richard L Proia
- Genetics of Development and Disease Branch, National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases, NIH, Bethesda, MD, 20892, USA.
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Yamamoto R, Aoki T, Koseki H, Fukuda M, Hirose J, Tsuji K, Takizawa K, Nakamura S, Miyata H, Hamakawa N, Kasuya H, Nozaki K, Hirayama Y, Aramori I, Narumiya S. A sphingosine-1-phosphate receptor type 1 agonist, ASP4058, suppresses intracranial aneurysm through promoting endothelial integrity and blocking macrophage transmigration. Br J Pharmacol 2017; 174:2085-2101. [PMID: 28409823 PMCID: PMC5466536 DOI: 10.1111/bph.13820] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2016] [Revised: 03/28/2017] [Accepted: 03/29/2017] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Background and Purpose Intracranial aneurysm (IA), common in the general public, causes lethal subarachnoid haemorrhage on rupture. It is, therefore, of utmost importance to prevent the IA from rupturing. However, there is currently no medical treatment. Recent studies suggest that IA is the result of chronic inflammation in the arterial wall caused by endothelial dysfunction and infiltrating macrophages. The sphingosine‐1‐phosphate receptor type 1 (S1P1 receptor) is present on the endothelium and promotes its barrier function. Here we have tested the potential of an S1P1 agonist, ASP4058, to prevent IA in an animal model. Experimental Approach The effects of a selective S1P1 agonist, ASP4058, on endothelial permeability and migration of macrophages across an endothelial cell monolayer were tested in vitro using a Transwell system, and its effects on the size of IAs were evaluated in a rat model of IA. Key Results S1P1 receptor was expressed in endothelial cells of human IA lesions and control arterial walls. ASP4058 significantly reduced FITC‐dextran leakage through an endothelial monolayer and suppressed the migration of macrophages across the monolayer in vitro. Oral administration of ASP4058 reduced the vascular permeability, macrophage infiltration and size of the IAs by acting as an S1P1 agonist in the rat model. This effect was mimicked by another two structurally‐unrelated S1P1 agonists. Conclusion and Implications A selective S1P1 agonist is a strong drug candidate for IA treatment as it promotes the endothelial cell barrier and suppresses the trans‐endothelial migration of macrophages in IA lesions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rie Yamamoto
- Center for Innovation in Immunoregulation Technology and Therapeutics, Kyoto University Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto, Japan.,Tsukuba Research Center, Drug Discovery Research, Astellas Pharma Inc., Ibaraki, Japan
| | - Tomohiro Aoki
- Center for Innovation in Immunoregulation Technology and Therapeutics, Kyoto University Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Hirokazu Koseki
- Center for Innovation in Immunoregulation Technology and Therapeutics, Kyoto University Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto, Japan.,Department of Neurosurgery, Tokyo Women's Medical University Medical Center East, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Miyuki Fukuda
- Center for Innovation in Immunoregulation Technology and Therapeutics, Kyoto University Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Jun Hirose
- Center for Innovation in Immunoregulation Technology and Therapeutics, Kyoto University Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto, Japan.,Tsukuba Research Center, Drug Discovery Research, Astellas Pharma Inc., Ibaraki, Japan
| | - Keiichi Tsuji
- Department of Neurosurgery, Shiga University of Medical Science, Shiga, Japan
| | - Katsumi Takizawa
- Deaprtment of Neurosurgery, Japanese Red Cross Asahikawa Hospital, Hokkaido, Japan
| | - Shinichiro Nakamura
- Department of Stem Cells and Human Disease Models, Research Center for Animal Life Science, Shiga University of Medical Science, Shiga, Japan
| | - Haruka Miyata
- Center for Innovation in Immunoregulation Technology and Therapeutics, Kyoto University Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto, Japan.,Department of Neurosurgery, Shiga University of Medical Science, Shiga, Japan
| | - Nozomu Hamakawa
- Tsukuba Research Center, Drug Discovery Research, Astellas Pharma Inc., Ibaraki, Japan
| | - Hidetoshi Kasuya
- Department of Neurosurgery, Tokyo Women's Medical University Medical Center East, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Kazuhiko Nozaki
- Department of Neurosurgery, Shiga University of Medical Science, Shiga, Japan
| | - Yoshitaka Hirayama
- Center for Innovation in Immunoregulation Technology and Therapeutics, Kyoto University Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto, Japan.,Tsukuba Research Center, Drug Discovery Research, Astellas Pharma Inc., Ibaraki, Japan
| | - Ichiro Aramori
- Center for Innovation in Immunoregulation Technology and Therapeutics, Kyoto University Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto, Japan.,Tsukuba Research Center, Drug Discovery Research, Astellas Pharma Inc., Ibaraki, Japan
| | - Shuh Narumiya
- Center for Innovation in Immunoregulation Technology and Therapeutics, Kyoto University Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto, Japan
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Lymphatic endothelial S1P promotes mitochondrial function and survival in naive T cells. Nature 2017; 546:158-161. [PMID: 28538737 PMCID: PMC5683179 DOI: 10.1038/nature22352] [Citation(s) in RCA: 144] [Impact Index Per Article: 20.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2017] [Accepted: 04/07/2017] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
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Chui A, Gunatillake T, Brennecke SP, Ignjatovic V, Monagle PT, Whitelock JM, van Zanten DE, Eijsink J, Wang Y, Deane J, Borg AJ, Stevenson J, Erwich JJ, Said JM, Murthi P. Expression of Biglycan in First Trimester Chorionic Villous Sampling Placental Samples and Altered Function in Telomerase-Immortalized Microvascular Endothelial Cells. Arterioscler Thromb Vasc Biol 2017; 37:1168-1179. [PMID: 28408374 DOI: 10.1161/atvbaha.117.309422] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/13/2017] [Accepted: 03/30/2017] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Biglycan (BGN) has reduced expression in placentae from pregnancies complicated by fetal growth restriction (FGR). We used first trimester placental samples from pregnancies with later small for gestational age (SGA) infants as a surrogate for FGR. The functional consequences of reduced BGN and the downstream targets of BGN were determined. Furthermore, the expression of targets was validated in primary placental endothelial cells isolated from FGR or control pregnancies. APPROACH AND RESULTS: BGN expression was determined using real-time polymerase chain reaction in placental tissues collected during chorionic villous sampling performed at 10 to 12 weeks' gestation from pregnancies that had known clinical outcomes, including SGA. Short-interference RNA reduced BGN expression in telomerase-immortalized microvascular endothelial cells, and the effect on proliferation, angiogenesis, and thrombin generation was determined. An angiogenesis array identified downstream targets of BGN, and their expression in control and FGR primary placental endothelial cells was validated using real-time polymerase chain reaction. Reduced BGN expression was observed in SGA placental tissues. BGN reduction decreased network formation of telomerase-immortalized microvascular endothelial cells but did not affect thrombin generation or cellular proliferation. The array identified target genes, which were further validated: angiopoetin 4 (ANGPT4), platelet-derived growth factor receptor α (PDGFRA), tumor necrosis factor superfamily member 15 (TNFSF15), angiogenin (ANG), serpin family C member 1 (SERPIN1), angiopoietin 2 (ANGPT2), and CXC motif chemokine 12 (CXCL12) in telomerase-immortalized microvascular endothelial cells and primary placental endothelial cells obtained from control and FGR pregnancies. CONCLUSIONS This study reports a temporal relationship between altered placental BGN expression and subsequent development of SGA. Reduction of BGN in vascular endothelial cells leads to disrupted network formation and alterations in the expression of genes involved in angiogenesis. Therefore, differential expression of these may contribute to aberrant angiogenesis in SGA pregnancies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amy Chui
- From the Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria, Australia (A.C., T.G., S.P.B., P.M.); Sunshine Hospital, St Albans, Victoria, Australia (A.C., T.G., S.P.B., P.M.); Department of Maternal-Fetal Medicine Pregnancy Research Centre, The Royal Women's Hospital, Parkville, Victoria, Australia (S.P.B., A.J.B., J.S., P.M.); Murdoch Children's Research Institute and Department of Clinical Haematology, Department of Paediatrics, The Royal Children's Hospital, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria, Australia (V.I., P.T.M.); Graduate School of Biomedical Engineering, University of New South Wales, Kensington, Australia (J.M.W.); Maternal Fetal Medicine, Sunshine Hospital, Western Health, St Albans, Victoria, Australia (J.M.S.); Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University Medical Centre Groningen, University of Groningen, The Netherlands (D.E.v.Z., J.J.E.); Department of Medicine, School of Clinical Sciences, Monash University, Clayton, Victoria, Australia (Y.W., J.D., P.M.); and The Ritchie Centre, Hudson Institute of Medical Research, Clayton, Victoria, Australia (P.M.).
| | - Tilini Gunatillake
- From the Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria, Australia (A.C., T.G., S.P.B., P.M.); Sunshine Hospital, St Albans, Victoria, Australia (A.C., T.G., S.P.B., P.M.); Department of Maternal-Fetal Medicine Pregnancy Research Centre, The Royal Women's Hospital, Parkville, Victoria, Australia (S.P.B., A.J.B., J.S., P.M.); Murdoch Children's Research Institute and Department of Clinical Haematology, Department of Paediatrics, The Royal Children's Hospital, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria, Australia (V.I., P.T.M.); Graduate School of Biomedical Engineering, University of New South Wales, Kensington, Australia (J.M.W.); Maternal Fetal Medicine, Sunshine Hospital, Western Health, St Albans, Victoria, Australia (J.M.S.); Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University Medical Centre Groningen, University of Groningen, The Netherlands (D.E.v.Z., J.J.E.); Department of Medicine, School of Clinical Sciences, Monash University, Clayton, Victoria, Australia (Y.W., J.D., P.M.); and The Ritchie Centre, Hudson Institute of Medical Research, Clayton, Victoria, Australia (P.M.)
| | - Shaun P Brennecke
- From the Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria, Australia (A.C., T.G., S.P.B., P.M.); Sunshine Hospital, St Albans, Victoria, Australia (A.C., T.G., S.P.B., P.M.); Department of Maternal-Fetal Medicine Pregnancy Research Centre, The Royal Women's Hospital, Parkville, Victoria, Australia (S.P.B., A.J.B., J.S., P.M.); Murdoch Children's Research Institute and Department of Clinical Haematology, Department of Paediatrics, The Royal Children's Hospital, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria, Australia (V.I., P.T.M.); Graduate School of Biomedical Engineering, University of New South Wales, Kensington, Australia (J.M.W.); Maternal Fetal Medicine, Sunshine Hospital, Western Health, St Albans, Victoria, Australia (J.M.S.); Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University Medical Centre Groningen, University of Groningen, The Netherlands (D.E.v.Z., J.J.E.); Department of Medicine, School of Clinical Sciences, Monash University, Clayton, Victoria, Australia (Y.W., J.D., P.M.); and The Ritchie Centre, Hudson Institute of Medical Research, Clayton, Victoria, Australia (P.M.)
| | - Vera Ignjatovic
- From the Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria, Australia (A.C., T.G., S.P.B., P.M.); Sunshine Hospital, St Albans, Victoria, Australia (A.C., T.G., S.P.B., P.M.); Department of Maternal-Fetal Medicine Pregnancy Research Centre, The Royal Women's Hospital, Parkville, Victoria, Australia (S.P.B., A.J.B., J.S., P.M.); Murdoch Children's Research Institute and Department of Clinical Haematology, Department of Paediatrics, The Royal Children's Hospital, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria, Australia (V.I., P.T.M.); Graduate School of Biomedical Engineering, University of New South Wales, Kensington, Australia (J.M.W.); Maternal Fetal Medicine, Sunshine Hospital, Western Health, St Albans, Victoria, Australia (J.M.S.); Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University Medical Centre Groningen, University of Groningen, The Netherlands (D.E.v.Z., J.J.E.); Department of Medicine, School of Clinical Sciences, Monash University, Clayton, Victoria, Australia (Y.W., J.D., P.M.); and The Ritchie Centre, Hudson Institute of Medical Research, Clayton, Victoria, Australia (P.M.)
| | - Paul T Monagle
- From the Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria, Australia (A.C., T.G., S.P.B., P.M.); Sunshine Hospital, St Albans, Victoria, Australia (A.C., T.G., S.P.B., P.M.); Department of Maternal-Fetal Medicine Pregnancy Research Centre, The Royal Women's Hospital, Parkville, Victoria, Australia (S.P.B., A.J.B., J.S., P.M.); Murdoch Children's Research Institute and Department of Clinical Haematology, Department of Paediatrics, The Royal Children's Hospital, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria, Australia (V.I., P.T.M.); Graduate School of Biomedical Engineering, University of New South Wales, Kensington, Australia (J.M.W.); Maternal Fetal Medicine, Sunshine Hospital, Western Health, St Albans, Victoria, Australia (J.M.S.); Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University Medical Centre Groningen, University of Groningen, The Netherlands (D.E.v.Z., J.J.E.); Department of Medicine, School of Clinical Sciences, Monash University, Clayton, Victoria, Australia (Y.W., J.D., P.M.); and The Ritchie Centre, Hudson Institute of Medical Research, Clayton, Victoria, Australia (P.M.)
| | - John M Whitelock
- From the Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria, Australia (A.C., T.G., S.P.B., P.M.); Sunshine Hospital, St Albans, Victoria, Australia (A.C., T.G., S.P.B., P.M.); Department of Maternal-Fetal Medicine Pregnancy Research Centre, The Royal Women's Hospital, Parkville, Victoria, Australia (S.P.B., A.J.B., J.S., P.M.); Murdoch Children's Research Institute and Department of Clinical Haematology, Department of Paediatrics, The Royal Children's Hospital, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria, Australia (V.I., P.T.M.); Graduate School of Biomedical Engineering, University of New South Wales, Kensington, Australia (J.M.W.); Maternal Fetal Medicine, Sunshine Hospital, Western Health, St Albans, Victoria, Australia (J.M.S.); Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University Medical Centre Groningen, University of Groningen, The Netherlands (D.E.v.Z., J.J.E.); Department of Medicine, School of Clinical Sciences, Monash University, Clayton, Victoria, Australia (Y.W., J.D., P.M.); and The Ritchie Centre, Hudson Institute of Medical Research, Clayton, Victoria, Australia (P.M.)
| | - Dagmar E van Zanten
- From the Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria, Australia (A.C., T.G., S.P.B., P.M.); Sunshine Hospital, St Albans, Victoria, Australia (A.C., T.G., S.P.B., P.M.); Department of Maternal-Fetal Medicine Pregnancy Research Centre, The Royal Women's Hospital, Parkville, Victoria, Australia (S.P.B., A.J.B., J.S., P.M.); Murdoch Children's Research Institute and Department of Clinical Haematology, Department of Paediatrics, The Royal Children's Hospital, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria, Australia (V.I., P.T.M.); Graduate School of Biomedical Engineering, University of New South Wales, Kensington, Australia (J.M.W.); Maternal Fetal Medicine, Sunshine Hospital, Western Health, St Albans, Victoria, Australia (J.M.S.); Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University Medical Centre Groningen, University of Groningen, The Netherlands (D.E.v.Z., J.J.E.); Department of Medicine, School of Clinical Sciences, Monash University, Clayton, Victoria, Australia (Y.W., J.D., P.M.); and The Ritchie Centre, Hudson Institute of Medical Research, Clayton, Victoria, Australia (P.M.)
| | - Jasper Eijsink
- From the Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria, Australia (A.C., T.G., S.P.B., P.M.); Sunshine Hospital, St Albans, Victoria, Australia (A.C., T.G., S.P.B., P.M.); Department of Maternal-Fetal Medicine Pregnancy Research Centre, The Royal Women's Hospital, Parkville, Victoria, Australia (S.P.B., A.J.B., J.S., P.M.); Murdoch Children's Research Institute and Department of Clinical Haematology, Department of Paediatrics, The Royal Children's Hospital, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria, Australia (V.I., P.T.M.); Graduate School of Biomedical Engineering, University of New South Wales, Kensington, Australia (J.M.W.); Maternal Fetal Medicine, Sunshine Hospital, Western Health, St Albans, Victoria, Australia (J.M.S.); Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University Medical Centre Groningen, University of Groningen, The Netherlands (D.E.v.Z., J.J.E.); Department of Medicine, School of Clinical Sciences, Monash University, Clayton, Victoria, Australia (Y.W., J.D., P.M.); and The Ritchie Centre, Hudson Institute of Medical Research, Clayton, Victoria, Australia (P.M.)
| | - Yao Wang
- From the Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria, Australia (A.C., T.G., S.P.B., P.M.); Sunshine Hospital, St Albans, Victoria, Australia (A.C., T.G., S.P.B., P.M.); Department of Maternal-Fetal Medicine Pregnancy Research Centre, The Royal Women's Hospital, Parkville, Victoria, Australia (S.P.B., A.J.B., J.S., P.M.); Murdoch Children's Research Institute and Department of Clinical Haematology, Department of Paediatrics, The Royal Children's Hospital, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria, Australia (V.I., P.T.M.); Graduate School of Biomedical Engineering, University of New South Wales, Kensington, Australia (J.M.W.); Maternal Fetal Medicine, Sunshine Hospital, Western Health, St Albans, Victoria, Australia (J.M.S.); Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University Medical Centre Groningen, University of Groningen, The Netherlands (D.E.v.Z., J.J.E.); Department of Medicine, School of Clinical Sciences, Monash University, Clayton, Victoria, Australia (Y.W., J.D., P.M.); and The Ritchie Centre, Hudson Institute of Medical Research, Clayton, Victoria, Australia (P.M.)
| | - James Deane
- From the Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria, Australia (A.C., T.G., S.P.B., P.M.); Sunshine Hospital, St Albans, Victoria, Australia (A.C., T.G., S.P.B., P.M.); Department of Maternal-Fetal Medicine Pregnancy Research Centre, The Royal Women's Hospital, Parkville, Victoria, Australia (S.P.B., A.J.B., J.S., P.M.); Murdoch Children's Research Institute and Department of Clinical Haematology, Department of Paediatrics, The Royal Children's Hospital, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria, Australia (V.I., P.T.M.); Graduate School of Biomedical Engineering, University of New South Wales, Kensington, Australia (J.M.W.); Maternal Fetal Medicine, Sunshine Hospital, Western Health, St Albans, Victoria, Australia (J.M.S.); Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University Medical Centre Groningen, University of Groningen, The Netherlands (D.E.v.Z., J.J.E.); Department of Medicine, School of Clinical Sciences, Monash University, Clayton, Victoria, Australia (Y.W., J.D., P.M.); and The Ritchie Centre, Hudson Institute of Medical Research, Clayton, Victoria, Australia (P.M.)
| | - Anthony J Borg
- From the Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria, Australia (A.C., T.G., S.P.B., P.M.); Sunshine Hospital, St Albans, Victoria, Australia (A.C., T.G., S.P.B., P.M.); Department of Maternal-Fetal Medicine Pregnancy Research Centre, The Royal Women's Hospital, Parkville, Victoria, Australia (S.P.B., A.J.B., J.S., P.M.); Murdoch Children's Research Institute and Department of Clinical Haematology, Department of Paediatrics, The Royal Children's Hospital, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria, Australia (V.I., P.T.M.); Graduate School of Biomedical Engineering, University of New South Wales, Kensington, Australia (J.M.W.); Maternal Fetal Medicine, Sunshine Hospital, Western Health, St Albans, Victoria, Australia (J.M.S.); Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University Medical Centre Groningen, University of Groningen, The Netherlands (D.E.v.Z., J.J.E.); Department of Medicine, School of Clinical Sciences, Monash University, Clayton, Victoria, Australia (Y.W., J.D., P.M.); and The Ritchie Centre, Hudson Institute of Medical Research, Clayton, Victoria, Australia (P.M.)
| | - Janet Stevenson
- From the Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria, Australia (A.C., T.G., S.P.B., P.M.); Sunshine Hospital, St Albans, Victoria, Australia (A.C., T.G., S.P.B., P.M.); Department of Maternal-Fetal Medicine Pregnancy Research Centre, The Royal Women's Hospital, Parkville, Victoria, Australia (S.P.B., A.J.B., J.S., P.M.); Murdoch Children's Research Institute and Department of Clinical Haematology, Department of Paediatrics, The Royal Children's Hospital, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria, Australia (V.I., P.T.M.); Graduate School of Biomedical Engineering, University of New South Wales, Kensington, Australia (J.M.W.); Maternal Fetal Medicine, Sunshine Hospital, Western Health, St Albans, Victoria, Australia (J.M.S.); Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University Medical Centre Groningen, University of Groningen, The Netherlands (D.E.v.Z., J.J.E.); Department of Medicine, School of Clinical Sciences, Monash University, Clayton, Victoria, Australia (Y.W., J.D., P.M.); and The Ritchie Centre, Hudson Institute of Medical Research, Clayton, Victoria, Australia (P.M.)
| | - Jan Jaap Erwich
- From the Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria, Australia (A.C., T.G., S.P.B., P.M.); Sunshine Hospital, St Albans, Victoria, Australia (A.C., T.G., S.P.B., P.M.); Department of Maternal-Fetal Medicine Pregnancy Research Centre, The Royal Women's Hospital, Parkville, Victoria, Australia (S.P.B., A.J.B., J.S., P.M.); Murdoch Children's Research Institute and Department of Clinical Haematology, Department of Paediatrics, The Royal Children's Hospital, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria, Australia (V.I., P.T.M.); Graduate School of Biomedical Engineering, University of New South Wales, Kensington, Australia (J.M.W.); Maternal Fetal Medicine, Sunshine Hospital, Western Health, St Albans, Victoria, Australia (J.M.S.); Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University Medical Centre Groningen, University of Groningen, The Netherlands (D.E.v.Z., J.J.E.); Department of Medicine, School of Clinical Sciences, Monash University, Clayton, Victoria, Australia (Y.W., J.D., P.M.); and The Ritchie Centre, Hudson Institute of Medical Research, Clayton, Victoria, Australia (P.M.)
| | - Joanne M Said
- From the Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria, Australia (A.C., T.G., S.P.B., P.M.); Sunshine Hospital, St Albans, Victoria, Australia (A.C., T.G., S.P.B., P.M.); Department of Maternal-Fetal Medicine Pregnancy Research Centre, The Royal Women's Hospital, Parkville, Victoria, Australia (S.P.B., A.J.B., J.S., P.M.); Murdoch Children's Research Institute and Department of Clinical Haematology, Department of Paediatrics, The Royal Children's Hospital, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria, Australia (V.I., P.T.M.); Graduate School of Biomedical Engineering, University of New South Wales, Kensington, Australia (J.M.W.); Maternal Fetal Medicine, Sunshine Hospital, Western Health, St Albans, Victoria, Australia (J.M.S.); Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University Medical Centre Groningen, University of Groningen, The Netherlands (D.E.v.Z., J.J.E.); Department of Medicine, School of Clinical Sciences, Monash University, Clayton, Victoria, Australia (Y.W., J.D., P.M.); and The Ritchie Centre, Hudson Institute of Medical Research, Clayton, Victoria, Australia (P.M.)
| | - Padma Murthi
- From the Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria, Australia (A.C., T.G., S.P.B., P.M.); Sunshine Hospital, St Albans, Victoria, Australia (A.C., T.G., S.P.B., P.M.); Department of Maternal-Fetal Medicine Pregnancy Research Centre, The Royal Women's Hospital, Parkville, Victoria, Australia (S.P.B., A.J.B., J.S., P.M.); Murdoch Children's Research Institute and Department of Clinical Haematology, Department of Paediatrics, The Royal Children's Hospital, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria, Australia (V.I., P.T.M.); Graduate School of Biomedical Engineering, University of New South Wales, Kensington, Australia (J.M.W.); Maternal Fetal Medicine, Sunshine Hospital, Western Health, St Albans, Victoria, Australia (J.M.S.); Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University Medical Centre Groningen, University of Groningen, The Netherlands (D.E.v.Z., J.J.E.); Department of Medicine, School of Clinical Sciences, Monash University, Clayton, Victoria, Australia (Y.W., J.D., P.M.); and The Ritchie Centre, Hudson Institute of Medical Research, Clayton, Victoria, Australia (P.M.)
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Hunter MC, Teijeira A, Halin C. T Cell Trafficking through Lymphatic Vessels. Front Immunol 2016; 7:613. [PMID: 28066423 PMCID: PMC5174098 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2016.00613] [Citation(s) in RCA: 94] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2016] [Accepted: 12/05/2016] [Indexed: 01/06/2023] Open
Abstract
T cell migration within and between peripheral tissues and secondary lymphoid organs is essential for proper functioning of adaptive immunity. While active T cell migration within a tissue is fairly slow, blood vessels and lymphatic vessels (LVs) serve as speedy highways that enable T cells to travel rapidly over long distances. The molecular and cellular mechanisms of T cell migration out of blood vessels have been intensively studied over the past 30 years. By contrast, less is known about T cell trafficking through the lymphatic vasculature. This migratory process occurs in one manner within lymph nodes (LNs), where recirculating T cells continuously exit into efferent lymphatics to return to the blood circulation. In another manner, T cell trafficking through lymphatics also occurs in peripheral tissues, where T cells exit the tissue by means of afferent lymphatics, to migrate to draining LNs and back into blood. In this review, we highlight how the anatomy of the lymphatic vasculature supports T cell trafficking and review current knowledge regarding the molecular and cellular requirements of T cell migration through LVs. Finally, we summarize and discuss recent insights regarding the presumed relevance of T cell trafficking through afferent lymphatics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Morgan C. Hunter
- Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, ETH Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Alvaro Teijeira
- Immunology and Immunotherapy Department, CIMA, Universidad de Navarra, Pamplona, Spain
| | - Cornelia Halin
- Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, ETH Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
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Abstract
G protein-coupled receptors are the largest family of targets for current therapeutics. The classic model of their activation was binary, where agonist binding induced an active conformation and subsequent downstream signaling. Subsequently, the revised concept of biased agonism emerged, where different ligands at the same G protein-coupled receptor selectively activate one downstream pathway versus another. Advances in understanding the mechanism of biased agonism have led to the development of novel ligands, which have the potential for improved therapeutic and safety profiles. In this review, we summarize the theory and most recent breakthroughs in understanding biased signaling, examine recent laboratory investigations concerning biased ligands across different organ systems, and discuss the promising clinical applications of biased agonism.
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Gradients of the signaling lipid S1P in lymph nodes position natural killer cells and regulate their interferon-γ response. Nat Immunol 2016; 18:15-25. [PMID: 27841869 DOI: 10.1038/ni.3619] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2016] [Accepted: 10/20/2016] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
The lymph node periphery is an important site for many immunological functions, from pathogen containment to the differentiation of helper T cells, yet the cues that position cells in this region are largely undefined. Here, through the use of a reporter for the signaling lipid S1P (sphingosine 1-phosphate), we found that cells sensed higher concentrations of S1P in the medullary cords than in the T cell zone and that the S1P transporter SPNS2 on lymphatic endothelial cells generated this gradient. Natural killer (NK) cells are located at the periphery of the lymph node, predominantly in the medulla, and we found that expression of SPNS2, expression of the S1P receptor S1PR5 on NK cells, and expression of the chemokine receptor CXCR4 were all required for NK cell localization during homeostasis and rapid production of interferon-γ by NK cells after challenge. Our findings elucidate the spatial cues for NK cell organization and reveal a previously unknown role for S1P in positioning cells within the medulla.
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Baeyens A, Fang V, Chen C, Schwab SR. Exit Strategies: S1P Signaling and T Cell Migration. Trends Immunol 2016; 36:778-787. [PMID: 26596799 DOI: 10.1016/j.it.2015.10.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 81] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/23/2015] [Revised: 10/15/2015] [Accepted: 10/15/2015] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Whereas the role of sphingosine 1-phosphate receptor 1 (S1PR1) in T cell egress and the regulation of S1P gradients between lymphoid organs and circulatory fluids in homeostasis are increasingly well understood, much remains to be learned about S1P signaling and distribution during an immune response. Recent data suggest that the role of S1PR1 in directing cells from tissues into circulatory fluids is reprised again and again, particularly in guiding activated T cells from non-lymphoid tissues into lymphatics. Conversely, S1P receptor 2 (S1PR2), which antagonizes migration towards chemokines, confines cells within tissues. Here we review the current understanding of the roles of S1P signaling in activated T cell migration. In this context, we outline open questions, particularly regarding the shape of S1P gradients in different tissues in homeostasis and inflammation, and discuss recent strategies to measure S1P.
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Affiliation(s)
- Audrey Baeyens
- Skirball Institute of Biomolecular Medicine, New York University School of Medicine, New York, NY 10016, USA
| | - Victoria Fang
- Skirball Institute of Biomolecular Medicine, New York University School of Medicine, New York, NY 10016, USA
| | - Cynthia Chen
- Skirball Institute of Biomolecular Medicine, New York University School of Medicine, New York, NY 10016, USA
| | - Susan R Schwab
- Skirball Institute of Biomolecular Medicine, New York University School of Medicine, New York, NY 10016, USA.
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41
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Abstract
Vertebrates are endowed with a closed circulatory system, the evolution of which required novel structural and regulatory changes. Furthermore, immune cell trafficking paradigms adapted to the barriers imposed by the closed circulatory system. How did such changes occur mechanistically? We propose that spatial compartmentalization of the lipid mediator sphingosine 1-phosphate (S1P) may be one such mechanism. In vertebrates, S1P is spatially compartmentalized in the blood and lymphatic circulation, thus comprising a sharp S1P gradient across the endothelial barrier. Circulatory S1P has critical roles in maturation and homeostasis of the vascular system as well as in immune cell trafficking. Physiological functions of S1P are tightly linked to shear stress, the key biophysical stimulus from blood flow. Thus, circulatory S1P confinement could be a primordial strategy of vertebrates in the development of a closed circulatory system. This review discusses the cellular and molecular basis of the S1P gradients and aims to interpret its physiological significance as a key feature of the closed circulatory system.
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Affiliation(s)
- Keisuke Yanagida
- Vascular Biology Program, Department of Surgery, Harvard Medical School and Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts 02115; ,
| | - Timothy Hla
- Vascular Biology Program, Department of Surgery, Harvard Medical School and Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts 02115; ,
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42
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Zamora-Pineda J, Kumar A, Suh JH, Zhang M, Saba JD. Dendritic cell sphingosine-1-phosphate lyase regulates thymic egress. J Exp Med 2016; 213:2773-2791. [PMID: 27810923 PMCID: PMC5110016 DOI: 10.1084/jem.20160287] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2016] [Accepted: 09/09/2016] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Saba and collaborators show that dendritic cells generate the thymic sphingosine-1-phosphate gradient and regulate T cell egress. T cell egress from the thymus is essential for adaptive immunity and involves chemotaxis along a sphingosine-1-phosphate (S1P) gradient. Pericytes at the corticomedullary junction produce the S1P egress signal, whereas thymic parenchymal S1P levels are kept low through S1P lyase (SPL)–mediated metabolism. Although SPL is robustly expressed in thymic epithelial cells (TECs), in this study, we show that deleting SPL in CD11c+ dendritic cells (DCs), rather than TECs or other stromal cells, disrupts the S1P gradient, preventing egress. Adoptive transfer of peripheral wild-type DCs rescued the egress phenotype of DC-specific SPL knockout mice. These studies identify DCs as metabolic gatekeepers of thymic egress. Combined with their role as mediators of central tolerance, DCs are thus poised to provide homeostatic regulation of thymic export.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jesus Zamora-Pineda
- Center for Cancer Research, University of California, San Francisco Benioff Children's Hospital, Oakland, CA 94609
| | - Ashok Kumar
- Center for Cancer Research, University of California, San Francisco Benioff Children's Hospital, Oakland, CA 94609
| | - Jung H Suh
- Center for Cancer Research, University of California, San Francisco Benioff Children's Hospital, Oakland, CA 94609
| | - Meng Zhang
- Center for Cancer Research, University of California, San Francisco Benioff Children's Hospital, Oakland, CA 94609
| | - Julie D Saba
- Center for Cancer Research, University of California, San Francisco Benioff Children's Hospital, Oakland, CA 94609
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43
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Juif PE, Kraehenbuehl S, Dingemanse J. Clinical pharmacology, efficacy, and safety aspects of sphingosine-1-phosphate receptor modulators. Expert Opin Drug Metab Toxicol 2016; 12:879-95. [PMID: 27249325 DOI: 10.1080/17425255.2016.1196188] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Sphingosine-1-phosphate (S1P) receptor modulators, of which one has received marketing approval and several others are in clinical development, display promising potential in the treatment of a spectrum of autoimmune diseases. AREAS COVERED Administration of S1P1 receptor modulators leads to functional receptor antagonism triggering sustained inhibition of the egress of lymphocytes from lymphoid organs. First-dose administration is associated with transient cardiovascular effects. We compiled and discussed available pharmacokinetic, pharmacodynamic, and safety data of selective and non-selective S1P receptor modulators that were investigated in recent years. EXPERT OPINION The safety profile of S1P receptor modulators is considered better than other classes of immunomodulators and was further improved by the development of up-titration regimens to mitigate first-dose effects. S1P receptor modulators display similar pharmacodynamic effects but have very different pharmacokinetic profiles. Drugs with a rapid elimination are of interest in case of opportunistic infections or pregnancy, whereas the need of re-initiation of up-titration in case of treatment interruption can present a challenge.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pierre-Eric Juif
- a Department of Clinical Pharmacology , Actelion Pharmaceuticals Ltd , Allschwil , Switzerland
| | - Stephan Kraehenbuehl
- b Department of Clinical Pharmacology and Toxicology , Universitätsspital Basel , Basel , Switzerland
| | - Jasper Dingemanse
- a Department of Clinical Pharmacology , Actelion Pharmaceuticals Ltd , Allschwil , Switzerland
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44
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Reeves PM, Kang YL, Kirchhausen T. Endocytosis of Ligand-Activated Sphingosine 1-Phosphate Receptor 1 Mediated by the Clathrin-Pathway. Traffic 2015; 17:40-52. [PMID: 26481905 DOI: 10.1111/tra.12343] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2013] [Revised: 10/16/2015] [Accepted: 10/16/2015] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
The sphingosine 1-phosphate receptor 1 (S1PR1) is one of five G protein-coupled receptors activated by the lipid sphingosine 1-phosphate (S1P). Stimulation of S1PR1 by binding S1P or the synthetic agonist FTY720P results in rapid desensitization, associated in part with depletion of receptor from the cell surface. We report here combining spinning disc confocal fluorescence microscopy and flow cytometry to show that rapid internalization of activated S1PR1 relies on a functional clathrin-mediated endocytic pathway. Uptake of activated S1PR1 was strongly inhibited in cells disrupted in their clathrin-mediated endocytosis by depleting clathrin or AP-2 or by treating cells with dynasore-OH. The uptake of activated S1P1R was strongly inhibited in cells lacking both β-arrestin 1 and β-arrestin 2, indicating that activated S1PR1 follows the canonical route of endocytosis for G-protein coupled receptor's (GPCR)'s.
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Affiliation(s)
- Patrick M Reeves
- Department of Cell Biology, Harvard Medical School and Program in Cellular and Molecular Medicine at Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Yuan-Lin Kang
- Department of Cell Biology, Harvard Medical School and Program in Cellular and Molecular Medicine at Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Tom Kirchhausen
- Department of Cell Biology, Harvard Medical School and Program in Cellular and Molecular Medicine at Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, MA, USA.,Department of Pediatrics, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
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45
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Ramos-Perez WD, Fang V, Escalante-Alcalde D, Cammer M, Schwab SR. A map of the distribution of sphingosine 1-phosphate in the spleen. Nat Immunol 2015; 16:1245-52. [PMID: 26502404 PMCID: PMC4690472 DOI: 10.1038/ni.3296] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/24/2015] [Accepted: 09/15/2015] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Despite the importance of signaling lipids, many questions remain about their function because few tools are available for charting lipid gradients in vivo. Here we generated a sphingosine 1-phosphate (S1P) reporter mouse and used this mouse to define the distribution of S1P in the spleen. Unexpectedly, the presence of blood did not serve as a predictor of the concentration of signaling-available S1P. Large areas of the red pulp had low concentrations of S1P, while S1P was sensed by cells inside the white pulp near the marginal sinus. The lipid phosphate phosphatase LPP3 maintained low S1P concentrations in the spleen and enabled efficient shuttling of marginal zone B cells. The exquisitely tight regulation of S1P availability might explain how a single lipid can simultaneously orchestrate the movements of many cells of the immune system.
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Affiliation(s)
- Willy D Ramos-Perez
- Skirball Institute of Biomolecular Medicine, New York University School of Medicine, New York, New York, USA
| | - Victoria Fang
- Skirball Institute of Biomolecular Medicine, New York University School of Medicine, New York, New York, USA
| | - Diana Escalante-Alcalde
- División de Neurociencias, Instituto de Fisiología Celular, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Distrito Federal, México
| | - Michael Cammer
- Microscopy Core, Office of Collaborative Science, New York University Langone Medical Center, New York, New York, USA
| | - Susan R Schwab
- Skirball Institute of Biomolecular Medicine, New York University School of Medicine, New York, New York, USA
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46
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Brinkman CC, Bromberg JS. Biological sensors shed light on ligand geography. Nat Immunol 2015; 16:1209-11. [PMID: 26580500 DOI: 10.1038/ni.3315] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- C Colin Brinkman
- Center for Vascular and Inflammatory Diseases, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA, the Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA, and the Department of Surgery, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
| | - Jonathan S Bromberg
- Center for Vascular and Inflammatory Diseases, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA, the Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA, and the Department of Surgery, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
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47
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Mahajan-Thakur S, Böhm A, Jedlitschky G, Schrör K, Rauch BH. Sphingosine-1-Phosphate and Its Receptors: A Mutual Link between Blood Coagulation and Inflammation. Mediators Inflamm 2015; 2015:831059. [PMID: 26604433 PMCID: PMC4641948 DOI: 10.1155/2015/831059] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2015] [Revised: 09/26/2015] [Accepted: 09/30/2015] [Indexed: 02/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Sphingosine-1-phosphate (S1P) is a versatile lipid signaling molecule and key regulator in vascular inflammation. S1P is secreted by platelets, monocytes, and vascular endothelial and smooth muscle cells. It binds specifically to a family of G-protein-coupled receptors, S1P receptors 1 to 5, resulting in downstream signaling and numerous cellular effects. S1P modulates cell proliferation and migration, and mediates proinflammatory responses and apoptosis. In the vascular barrier, S1P regulates permeability and endothelial reactions and recruitment of monocytes and may modulate atherosclerosis. Only recently has S1P emerged as a critical mediator which directly links the coagulation factor system to vascular inflammation. The multifunctional proteases thrombin and FXa regulate local S1P availability and interact with S1P signaling at multiple levels in various vascular cell types. Differential expression patterns and intracellular signaling pathways of each receptor enable S1P to exert its widespread functions. Although a vast amount of information is available about the functions of S1P and its receptors in the regulation of physiological and pathophysiological conditions, S1P-mediated mechanisms in the vasculature remain to be elucidated. This review summarizes recent findings regarding the role of S1P and its receptors in vascular wall and blood cells, which link the coagulation system to inflammatory responses in the vasculature.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shailaja Mahajan-Thakur
- Institut für Pharmakologie, Universitätsmedizin Greifswald, Felix-Hausdorf Strasse 3, 17487 Greifswald, Germany
| | - Andreas Böhm
- Institut für Pharmakologie, Universitätsmedizin Greifswald, Felix-Hausdorf Strasse 3, 17487 Greifswald, Germany
| | - Gabriele Jedlitschky
- Institut für Pharmakologie, Universitätsmedizin Greifswald, Felix-Hausdorf Strasse 3, 17487 Greifswald, Germany
| | - Karsten Schrör
- Institut für Pharmakologie und Klinische Pharmakologie, Universitätsklinikum Düsseldorf, Universitätsstrasse 1, 40225 Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Bernhard H. Rauch
- Institut für Pharmakologie, Universitätsmedizin Greifswald, Felix-Hausdorf Strasse 3, 17487 Greifswald, Germany
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48
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Samuvel DJ, Saxena N, Dhindsa JS, Singh AK, Gill GS, Grobelny DW, Singh I. AKP-11 - A Novel S1P1 Agonist with Favorable Safety Profile Attenuates Experimental Autoimmune Encephalomyelitis in Rat Model of Multiple Sclerosis. PLoS One 2015; 10:e0141781. [PMID: 26513477 PMCID: PMC4626178 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0141781] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/02/2015] [Accepted: 10/13/2015] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Sphingosine-1-phosphate receptor 1 (S1P1) mediated regulation of lymphocyte egress from lymphoid organs is recognized as the mechanism of FTY720 (Fingolimod, Gilenya) efficacy in relapsing-remitting forms of multiple sclerosis (RRMS). In this study we describe a novel S1P1 agonist AKP-11, next generation of S1P1 agonist, with immunomodulatory activities in cell culture model and for therapeutic efficacy against an animal model of MS, i.e. experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis (EAE) but without the adverse effects observed with FTY720. Like FTY720, AKP-11 bound to S1P1 is internalized and activates intracellular AKT and ERKs cellular signaling pathways. In contrast to FTY720, AKP-11 mediated S1P1 downregulation is independent of sphingosine kinase activity indicating it to be a direct agonist of S1P1. The S1P1 loss and inhibition of lymphocyte egress by FTY720 leads to lymphopenia. In comparison with FTY720, oral administration of AKP-11 caused milder and reversible lymphopenia while providing a similar degree of therapeutic efficacy in the EAE animal model. Consistent with the observed reversible lymphopenia with AKP-11, the S1P1 recycled back to cell membrane in AKP-11 treated cells following its withdrawal, but not with withdrawal of FTY720. Accordingly, a smaller degree of ubiquitination and proteolysis of S1P1 was observed in AKP-11 treated cells as compared to FTY720. Consistent with previous observations, FTY720 treatment is associated with adverse effects of bradycardia and lung vascular leaks in rodents, whereas AKP-11 treatment had undetectable effects on bradycardia and reduced lung vascular leaks as compared to FTY720. Taken together, the data documents that AKP-11 treatment cause milder and reversible lymphopenia with milder adverse effects while maintaining therapeutic efficacy similar to that observed with FTY720, thus indicating therapeutic potential of AKP-11 for treatment of MS and related autoimmune disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Devadoss J. Samuvel
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, South Carolina, United States of America
| | - Nishant Saxena
- Charles P. Darby Children’s Research Institute, Department of Pediatrics, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, South Carolina, United States of America
| | - Jasdeep S. Dhindsa
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, South Carolina, United States of America
| | - Avtar K. Singh
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, South Carolina, United States of America
| | - Gurmit S. Gill
- Akaal Pharma Pty Ltd., 310E Thomas Cherry Building, Bundoora, Australia
| | | | - Inderjit Singh
- Charles P. Darby Children’s Research Institute, Department of Pediatrics, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, South Carolina, United States of America
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, South Carolina, United States of America
- * E-mail:
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49
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Galvani S, Sanson M, Blaho VA, Swendeman SL, Obinata H, Conger H, Dahlbäck B, Kono M, Proia RL, Smith JD, Hla T. HDL-bound sphingosine 1-phosphate acts as a biased agonist for the endothelial cell receptor S1P1 to limit vascular inflammation. Sci Signal 2015; 8:ra79. [PMID: 26268607 PMCID: PMC4768813 DOI: 10.1126/scisignal.aaa2581] [Citation(s) in RCA: 227] [Impact Index Per Article: 25.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
The sphingosine 1-phosphate receptor 1 (S1P1) is abundant in endothelial cells, where it regulates vascular development and microvascular barrier function. In investigating the role of endothelial cell S1P1 in adult mice, we found that the endothelial S1P1 signal was enhanced in regions of the arterial vasculature experiencing inflammation. The abundance of proinflammatory adhesion proteins, such as ICAM-1, was enhanced in mice with endothelial cell-specific deletion of S1pr1 and suppressed in mice with endothelial cell-specific overexpression of S1pr1, suggesting a protective function of S1P1 in vascular disease. The chaperones ApoM(+)HDL (HDL) or albumin bind to sphingosine 1-phosphate (S1P) in the circulation; therefore, we tested the effects of S1P bound to each chaperone on S1P1 signaling in cultured human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs). Exposure of HUVECs to ApoM(+)HDL-S1P, but not to albumin-S1P, promoted the formation of a cell surface S1P1-β-arrestin 2 complex and attenuated the ability of the proinflammatory cytokine TNFα to activate NF-κB and increase ICAM-1 abundance. Although S1P bound to either chaperone induced MAPK activation, albumin-S1P triggered greater Gi activation and receptor endocytosis. Endothelial cell-specific deletion of S1pr1 in the hypercholesterolemic Apoe(-/-) mouse model of atherosclerosis enhanced atherosclerotic lesion formation in the descending aorta. We propose that the ability of ApoM(+)HDL to act as a biased agonist on S1P1 inhibits vascular inflammation, which may partially explain the cardiovascular protective functions of HDL.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sylvain Galvani
- Center for Vascular Biology, Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Weill Cornell Medical College, Cornell University, New York, NY 10065, USA
| | - Marie Sanson
- Center for Vascular Biology, Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Weill Cornell Medical College, Cornell University, New York, NY 10065, USA
| | - Victoria A Blaho
- Center for Vascular Biology, Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Weill Cornell Medical College, Cornell University, New York, NY 10065, USA
| | - Steven L Swendeman
- Center for Vascular Biology, Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Weill Cornell Medical College, Cornell University, New York, NY 10065, USA
| | - Hideru Obinata
- Center for Vascular Biology, Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Weill Cornell Medical College, Cornell University, New York, NY 10065, USA
| | - Heather Conger
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, Cleveland Clinic Lerner Research Institute, Cleveland, OH 44195, USA
| | - Björn Dahlbäck
- Department of Translational Medicine, Skåne University Hospital, Lund University, 214 28 Malmö, Sweden
| | - Mari Kono
- Genetics of Development and Disease Branch, National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
| | - Richard L Proia
- Genetics of Development and Disease Branch, National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
| | - Jonathan D Smith
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, Cleveland Clinic Lerner Research Institute, Cleveland, OH 44195, USA
| | - Timothy Hla
- Center for Vascular Biology, Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Weill Cornell Medical College, Cornell University, New York, NY 10065, USA.
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50
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Healy LM, Sheridan GK, Pritchard AJ, Rutkowska A, Mullershausen F, Dev KK. Pathway specific modulation of S1P1 receptor signalling in rat and human astrocytes. Br J Pharmacol 2015; 169:1114-29. [PMID: 23587004 DOI: 10.1111/bph.12207] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/09/2012] [Revised: 03/09/2013] [Accepted: 03/21/2013] [Indexed: 01/24/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE The sphingosine 1-phosphate receptor subtype 1 (S1P1R) is modulated by phosphorylated FTY720 (pFTY720), which causes S1P1R internalization preventing lymphocyte migration thus limiting autoimmune response. Studies indicate that internalized S1P1Rs continue to signal, maintaining an inhibition of cAMP, thus raising question whether the effects of pFTY720 are due to transient initial agonism, functional antagonism and/or continued signalling. To further investigate this, the current study first determined if continued S1P1R activation is pathway specific. EXPERIMENTAL APPROACH Using human and rat astrocyte cultures, the effects of S1P1R activation on cAMP, pERK and Ca(2+) signalling was investigated. In addition, to examine the role of S1P1R redistribution on these events, a novel biologic (MNP301) that prevented pFTY720-mediated S1P1R redistribution was engineered. KEY RESULTS The data showed that pFTY720 induced long-lasting S1P1R redistribution and continued cAMP signalling in rat astrocytes. In contrast, pFTY720 induced a transient increase of Ca(2+) in astrocytes and subsequent antagonism of Ca(2+) signalling. Notably, while leaving pFTY720-induced cAMP signalling intact, the novel MNP301 peptide attenuated S1P1R-mediated Ca(2+) and pERK signalling in cultured rat astrocytes. CONCLUSIONS AND IMPLICATIONS These findings suggested that pFTY720 causes continued cAMP signalling that is not dependent on S1P1R redistribution and induces functional antagonism of Ca(2+) signalling after transient stimulation. To our knowledge, this is the first report demonstrating that pFTY720 causes continued signalling in one pathway (cAMP) versus functional antagonism of another pathway (Ca(2+)) and which also suggests that redistributed S1P1Rs may have differing signalling properties from those expressed at the surface.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luke M Healy
- Molecular Neuropharmacology, Department of Physiology, School of Medicine, Trinity College Institute of Neuroscience, Trinity College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland
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