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Port M, Barquinero JF, Endesfelder D, Moquet J, Oestreicher U, Terzoudi G, Trompier F, Vral A, Abe Y, Ainsbury L, Alkebsi L, Amundson S, Badie C, Baeyens A, Balajee A, Balázs K, Barnard S, Bassinet C, Beaton-Green L, Beinke C, Bobyk L, Brochard P, Brzoska K, Bucher M, Ciesielski B, Cuceu C, Discher M, D,Oca M, Domínguez I, Doucha-Senf S, Dumitrescu A, Duy P, Finot F, Garty G, Ghandhi S, Gregoire E, Goh V, Güçlü I, Hadjiiska L, Hargitai R, Hristova R, Ishii K, Kis E, Juniewicz M, Kriehuber R, Lacombe J, Lee Y, Lopez Riego M, Lumniczky K, Mai T, Maltar-Strmečki N, Marrale M, Martinez J, Marciniak A, Maznyk N, McKeever S, Meher P, Milanova M, Miura T, Gil OM, Montoro A, Domene MM, Mrozik A, Nakayama R, O’Brien G, Oskamp D, Ostheim P, Pajic J, Pastor N, Patrono C, Pujol-Canadell M, Rodriguez MP, Repin M, Romanyukha A, Rößler U, Sabatier L, Sakai A, Scherthan H, Schüle S, Seong K, Sevriukova O, Sholom S, Sommer S, Suto Y, Sypko T, Szatmári T, Takahashi-Sugai M, Takebayashi K, Testa A, Testard I, Tichy A, Triantopoulou S, Tsuyama N, Unverricht-Yeboah M, Valente M, Van Hoey O, Wilkins R, Wojcik A, Wojewodzka M, Younghyun L, Zafiropoulos D, Abend M. RENEB Inter-Laboratory Comparison 2021: Inter-Assay Comparison of Eight Dosimetry Assays. Radiat Res 2023; 199:535-555. [PMID: 37310880 PMCID: PMC10508307 DOI: 10.1667/rade-22-00207.1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/02/2022] [Accepted: 01/10/2023] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Tools for radiation exposure reconstruction are required to support the medical management of radiation victims in radiological or nuclear incidents. Different biological and physical dosimetry assays can be used for various exposure scenarios to estimate the dose of ionizing radiation a person has absorbed. Regular validation of the techniques through inter-laboratory comparisons (ILC) is essential to guarantee high quality results. In the current RENEB inter-laboratory comparison, the performance quality of established cytogenetic assays [dicentric chromosome assay (DCA), cytokinesis-block micronucleus assay (CBMN), stable chromosomal translocation assay (FISH) and premature chromosome condensation assay (PCC)] was tested in comparison to molecular biological assays [gamma-H2AX foci (gH2AX), gene expression (GE)] and physical dosimetry-based assays [electron paramagnetic resonance (EPR), optically or thermally stimulated luminescence (LUM)]. Three blinded coded samples (e.g., blood, enamel or mobiles) were exposed to 0, 1.2 or 3.5 Gy X-ray reference doses (240 kVp, 1 Gy/min). These doses roughly correspond to clinically relevant groups of unexposed to low exposed (0-1 Gy), moderately exposed (1-2 Gy, no severe acute health effects expected) and highly exposed individuals (>2 Gy, requiring early intensive medical care). In the frame of the current RENEB inter-laboratory comparison, samples were sent to 86 specialized teams in 46 organizations from 27 nations for dose estimation and identification of three clinically relevant groups. The time for sending early crude reports and more precise reports was documented for each laboratory and assay where possible. The quality of dose estimates was analyzed with three different levels of granularity, 1. by calculating the frequency of correctly reported clinically relevant dose categories, 2. by determining the number of dose estimates within the uncertainty intervals recommended for triage dosimetry (±0.5 Gy or ±1.0 Gy for doses <2.5 Gy or >2.5 Gy), and 3. by calculating the absolute difference (AD) of estimated doses relative to the reference doses. In total, 554 dose estimates were submitted within the 6-week period given before the exercise was closed. For samples processed with the highest priority, earliest dose estimates/categories were reported within 5-10 h of receipt for GE, gH2AX, LUM, EPR, 2-3 days for DCA, CBMN and within 6-7 days for the FISH assay. For the unirradiated control sample, the categorization in the correct clinically relevant group (0-1 Gy) as well as the allocation to the triage uncertainty interval was, with the exception of a few outliers, successfully performed for all assays. For the 3.5 Gy sample the percentage of correct classifications to the clinically relevant group (≥2 Gy) was between 89-100% for all assays, with the exception of gH2AX. For the 1.2 Gy sample, an exact allocation to the clinically relevant group was more difficult and 0-50% or 0-48% of the estimates were wrongly classified into the lowest or highest dose categories, respectively. For the irradiated samples, the correct allocation to the triage uncertainty intervals varied considerably between assays for the 1.2 Gy (29-76%) and 3.5 Gy (17-100%) samples. While a systematic shift towards higher doses was observed for the cytogenetic-based assays, extreme outliers exceeding the reference doses 2-6 fold were observed for EPR, FISH and GE assays. These outliers were related to a particular material examined (tooth enamel for EPR assay, reported as kerma in enamel, but when converted into the proper quantity, i.e. to kerma in air, expected dose estimates could be recalculated in most cases), the level of experience of the teams (FISH) and methodological uncertainties (GE). This was the first RENEB ILC where everything, from blood sampling to irradiation and shipment of the samples, was organized and realized at the same institution, for several biological and physical retrospective dosimetry assays. Almost all assays appeared comparably applicable for the identification of unexposed and highly exposed individuals and the allocation of medical relevant groups, with the latter requiring medical support for the acute radiation scenario simulated in this exercise. However, extreme outliers or a systematic shift of dose estimates have been observed for some assays. Possible reasons will be discussed in the assay specific papers of this special issue. In summary, this ILC clearly demonstrates the need to conduct regular exercises to identify research needs, but also to identify technical problems and to optimize the design of future ILCs.
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Affiliation(s)
- M. Port
- Bundeswehr Institute of Radiobiology, Munich, Germany
| | | | | | - J. Moquet
- UK Health Security Agency, Radiation, Chemical and Environmental Hazards Division, Oxfordshire, United Kingdom
| | | | - G. Terzoudi
- National Centre for Scientific Research “Demokritos”, Health Physics, Radiobiology & Cytogenetics Laboratory, Agia Paraskevi, Greece
| | - F. Trompier
- Institut de Radioprotection et de Surete Nucleaire, Fontenay aux Roses, France
| | - A. Vral
- Ghent University, Radiobiology Research Unit, Gent, Belgium
| | - Y. Abe
- Department of Radiation Biology and Protection, Nagasaki University, Japan
| | - L. Ainsbury
- UK Health Security Agency and Office for Health Improvement and Disparities, Cytogenetics and Pathology Group, Oxfordshire, England
| | - L Alkebsi
- Department of Radiation Measurement and Dose Assessment, National Institute of Radiological Sciences, National Institutes for Quantum Science and Technology, Chiba, Japan
| | - S.A. Amundson
- Columbia University, Irving Medical Center, Center for Radiological Research, New York, New York
| | - C. Badie
- UK Health Security Agency, Radiation, Chemical and Environmental Hazards Division, Oxfordshire, United Kingdom
| | - A. Baeyens
- Ghent University, Radiobiology Research Unit, Gent, Belgium
| | - A.S. Balajee
- Cytogenetic Biodosimetry Laboratory, Oak Ridge Institute for Science and Education, Oak Ridge, Tennessee
| | - K. Balázs
- Radiation Medicine Unit, Department of Radiobiology and Radiohygiene, National Public Health Centre, Budapest, Hungary
| | - S. Barnard
- UK Health Security Agency, Radiation, Chemical and Environmental Hazards Division, Oxfordshire, United Kingdom
| | - C. Bassinet
- Institut de Radioprotection et de Surete Nucleaire, Fontenay aux Roses, France
| | | | - C. Beinke
- Bundeswehr Institute of Radiobiology, Munich, Germany
| | - L. Bobyk
- Institut de Recherche Biomédicale des Armées (IRBA), Bretigny Sur Orge, France
| | | | - K. Brzoska
- Institute of Nuclear Chemistry and Technology, Warsaw, Poland
| | - M. Bucher
- Bundesamt für Strahlenschutz, Oberschleißheim, Germany
| | - B. Ciesielski
- Medical University of Gdansk, Department of Physics and Biophysics, Gdansk, Poland
| | - C. Cuceu
- Genevolution, Porcheville, France
| | - M. Discher
- Paris-Lodron-University of Salzburg, Department of Environment and Biodiversity, 5020 Salzburg, Austria
| | - M.C. D,Oca
- Università Degli Studi di Palermo, Dipartimento di Fisica e Chimica “Emilio Segrè,” Palermo, Italy
| | - I. Domínguez
- Universidad de Sevilla, Departamento de Biología Celular, Sevilla, Spain
| | | | - A. Dumitrescu
- National Institute of Public Health, Radiation Hygiene Laboratory, Bucharest, Romania
| | - P.N. Duy
- Dalat Nuclear Research Institute, Radiation Technlogy & Biotechnology Center, Dalat City, Vietnam
| | - F. Finot
- Genevolution, Porcheville, France
| | - G. Garty
- Columbia University, Irving Medical Center, Center for Radiological Research, New York, New York
| | - S.A. Ghandhi
- Columbia University, Irving Medical Center, Center for Radiological Research, New York, New York
| | - E. Gregoire
- Institut de Radioprotection et de Surete Nucleaire, Fontenay aux Roses, France
| | - V.S.T. Goh
- Department of Radiobiology, Singapore Nuclear Research and Safety Initiative (SNRSI), National University of Singapore, Singapore
| | - I. Güçlü
- TENMAK, Nuclear Energy Research Institute, Technology Development and Nuclear Research Department, Türkey
| | - L. Hadjiiska
- National Centre of Radiobiology and Radiation Protection, Sofia, Bulgaria
| | - R. Hargitai
- Radiation Medicine Unit, Department of Radiobiology and Radiohygiene, National Public Health Centre, Budapest, Hungary
| | - R. Hristova
- National Centre of Radiobiology and Radiation Protection, Sofia, Bulgaria
| | - K. Ishii
- Department of Radiation Measurement and Dose Assessment, National Institute of Radiological Sciences, National Institutes for Quantum Science and Technology, Chiba, Japan
| | - E. Kis
- Radiation Medicine Unit, Department of Radiobiology and Radiohygiene, National Public Health Centre, Budapest, Hungary
| | - M. Juniewicz
- Medical University of Gdansk, Department of Physics and Biophysics, Gdansk, Poland
| | - R. Kriehuber
- Department of Safety and Radiation Protection, Forschungszentrum Jülich, Jülich, Germany
| | - J. Lacombe
- University of Arizona, Center for Applied Nanobioscience & Medicine, Phoenix, Arizona
| | - Y. Lee
- Laboratory of Biological Dosimetry, Korea Institute of Radiological & Medical Sciences, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | | | - K. Lumniczky
- Radiation Medicine Unit, Department of Radiobiology and Radiohygiene, National Public Health Centre, Budapest, Hungary
| | - T.T. Mai
- Dalat Nuclear Research Institute, Radiation Technlogy & Biotechnology Center, Dalat City, Vietnam
| | - N. Maltar-Strmečki
- Ruðer Boškovic Institute, Division of Physical Chemistry, Zagreb, Croatia
| | - M. Marrale
- Università Degli Studi di Palermo, Dipartimento di Fisica e Chimica “Emilio Segrè,” Palermo, Italy
| | - J.S. Martinez
- Institut de Radioprotection et de Surete Nucleaire, Fontenay aux Roses, France
| | - A. Marciniak
- Medical University of Gdansk, Department of Physics and Biophysics, Gdansk, Poland
| | - N. Maznyk
- Radiation Cytogenetics Laboratory, S.P. Grigoriev Institute for Medical Radiology and Oncology of Ukrainian National Academy of Medical Science, Kharkiv, Ukraine
| | - S.W.S. McKeever
- Radiation Dosimetry Laboratory, Oklahoma State University, Stillwater, Oklahoma
| | | | - M. Milanova
- University of Defense, Faculty of Military Health Sciences, Hradec Králové, Czech Republic
| | - T. Miura
- Institute of Radiation Emergency Medicine, Hirosaki University, Hirosaki, Japan
| | - O. Monteiro Gil
- Instituto Superior Técnico/ Campus Tecnológico e Nuclear, Lisbon, Portugal
| | - A. Montoro
- Servicio de Protección Radiológica. Laboratorio de Dosimetría Biológica, Valencia, Spain
| | - M. Moreno Domene
- Hospital General Universitario Gregorio Marañón, Laboratorio de dosimetría biológica, Madrid, Spain
| | - A. Mrozik
- Institute of Nuclear Physics, Polish Academy of Sciences, Krakow, Poland
| | - R. Nakayama
- Institute of Radiation Emergency Medicine, Hirosaki University, Hirosaki, Japan
| | - G. O’Brien
- UK Health Security Agency, Radiation, Chemical and Environmental Hazards Division, Oxfordshire, United Kingdom
| | - D. Oskamp
- Department of Safety and Radiation Protection, Forschungszentrum Jülich, Jülich, Germany
| | - P. Ostheim
- Bundeswehr Institute of Radiobiology, Munich, Germany
| | - J. Pajic
- Serbian Institute of Occupational Health, Belgrade, Serbia
| | - N. Pastor
- Universidad de Sevilla, Departamento de Biología Celular, Sevilla, Spain
| | - C. Patrono
- Italian National Agency for New Technologies, Energy and Sustainable Economic Development, Rome, Italy
| | | | - M.J. Prieto Rodriguez
- Hospital General Universitario Gregorio Marañón, Laboratorio de dosimetría biológica, Madrid, Spain
| | - M. Repin
- Columbia University, Irving Medical Center, Center for Radiological Research, New York, New York
| | | | - U. Rößler
- Bundesamt für Strahlenschutz, Oberschleißheim, Germany
| | | | - A. Sakai
- Department of Radiation Life Sciences, Fukushima Medical University School of Medicine, Fukushima, Japan
| | - H. Scherthan
- Bundeswehr Institute of Radiobiology, Munich, Germany
| | - S. Schüle
- Bundeswehr Institute of Radiobiology, Munich, Germany
| | - K.M. Seong
- Laboratory of Biological Dosimetry, Korea Institute of Radiological & Medical Sciences, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | | | - S. Sholom
- Radiation Dosimetry Laboratory, Oklahoma State University, Stillwater, Oklahoma
| | - S. Sommer
- Institute of Nuclear Chemistry and Technology, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Y. Suto
- Department of Radiation Measurement and Dose Assessment, National Institute of Radiological Sciences, National Institutes for Quantum Science and Technology, Chiba, Japan
| | - T. Sypko
- Radiation Cytogenetics Laboratory, S.P. Grigoriev Institute for Medical Radiology and Oncology of Ukrainian National Academy of Medical Science, Kharkiv, Ukraine
| | - T. Szatmári
- Radiation Medicine Unit, Department of Radiobiology and Radiohygiene, National Public Health Centre, Budapest, Hungary
| | - M. Takahashi-Sugai
- Department of Radiation Life Sciences, Fukushima Medical University School of Medicine, Fukushima, Japan
| | - K. Takebayashi
- Institute of Radiation Emergency Medicine, Hirosaki University, Hirosaki, Japan
| | - A. Testa
- Italian National Agency for New Technologies, Energy and Sustainable Economic Development, Rome, Italy
| | - I. Testard
- CEA-Saclay, Gif-sur-Yvette Cedex, France
| | - A. Tichy
- University of Defense, Faculty of Military Health Sciences, Hradec Králové, Czech Republic
| | - S. Triantopoulou
- National Centre for Scientific Research “Demokritos”, Health Physics, Radiobiology & Cytogenetics Laboratory, Agia Paraskevi, Greece
| | - N. Tsuyama
- Department of Radiation Life Sciences, Fukushima Medical University School of Medicine, Fukushima, Japan
| | - M. Unverricht-Yeboah
- Department of Safety and Radiation Protection, Forschungszentrum Jülich, Jülich, Germany
| | - M. Valente
- CEA-Saclay, Gif-sur-Yvette Cedex, France
| | - O. Van Hoey
- Belgian Nuclear Research Center SCK CEN, Mol, Belgium
| | | | - A. Wojcik
- Stockholm University, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - M. Wojewodzka
- Institute of Nuclear Chemistry and Technology, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Lee Younghyun
- Laboratory of Biological Dosimetry, Korea Institute of Radiological & Medical Sciences, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - D. Zafiropoulos
- Laboratori Nazionali di Legnaro - Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare, Legnaro, Italy
| | - M. Abend
- Bundeswehr Institute of Radiobiology, Munich, Germany
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Vral A, Endesfelder D, Balázs J, Beinke C, Petrenci CC, Finot F, Garty G, Hadjiiska L, Hristova R, Ivanova I, Lee Y, Lumniczky K, Milanova M, Gil OM, Oestreicher U, Pajic J, Patrono C, Pham ND, Perletti G, Seong KM, Sommer S, Szatmári T, Testa A, Tichy A, Tran TM, Wilkins R, Port M, Abend M, Baeyens A. RENEB Inter-Laboratory Comparison 2021: The Cytokinesis-Block Micronucleus Assay. Radiat Res 2023:492244. [PMID: 37057983 DOI: 10.1667/rade-22-00201.1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2022] [Accepted: 02/20/2023] [Indexed: 04/15/2023]
Abstract
The goal of the RENEB inter-laboratory comparison 2021 exercise was to simulate a large-scale radiation accident involving a network of biodosimetry labs. Labs were required to perform their analyses using different biodosimetric assays in triage mode scoring and to rapidly report estimated radiation doses to the organizing institution. This article reports the results obtained with the cytokinesis-block micronucleus assay. Three test samples were exposed to blinded doses of 0, 1.2 and 3.5 Gy X-ray doses (240 kVp, 13 mA, ∼75 keV, 1 Gy/min). These doses belong to 3 triage categories of clinical relevance: a low dose category, for no exposure or exposures inferior to 1 Gy, requiring no direct treatment of subjects; a medium dose category, with doses ranging from 1 to 2 Gy, and a high dose category, after exposure to doses higher than 2 Gy, with the two latter requiring increasing medical attention. After irradiation the test samples (no. 1, no. 2 and no. 3) were sent by the organizing laboratory to 14 centers participating in the micronucleus assay exercise. Laboratories were asked to setup micronucleus cultures and to perform the micronucleus assay in triage mode, scoring 500 binucleated cells manually, or 1,000 binucleated cells in automated/semi-automated mode. One laboratory received no blood samples, but scored pictures from another lab. Based on their calibration curves, laboratories had to provide estimates of the administered doses. The accuracy of the reported dose estimates was further analyzed by the micronucleus assay lead. The micronucleus assay allowed classification of samples in the corresponding clinical triage categories (low, medium, high dose category) in 88% of cases (manual scoring, 88%; semi-automated scoring, 100%; automated scoring, 73%). Agreement between scoring laboratories, assessed by calculating the Fleiss' kappa, was excellent (100%) for semi-automated scoring, good (83%) for manual scoring and poor (53%) for fully automated scoring. Correct classification into triage scoring dose intervals (reference dose ±0.5 Gy for doses ≤2.5 Gy, or reference dose ±1 Gy for doses >2.5 Gy), recommended for triage biodosimetry, was obtained in 79% of cases (manual scoring, 73%; semi-automated scoring, 100%; automated scoring, 67%). The percentage of dose estimates whose 95% confidence intervals included the reference dose was 58% (manual scoring, 48%; semi-automated scoring, 72%; automated scoring, 60%). For the irradiated samples no. 2 and no. 3, a systematic shift towards higher dose estimations was observed. This was also noticed with the other cytogenetic assays in this intercomparison exercise. Accuracy of the rapid triage modality could be maintained when the number of manually scored cells was scaled down to 200 binucleated cells. In conclusion, the micronucleus assay, preferably performed in a semi-automated or manual scoring mode, is a reliable technique to perform rapid biodosimetry analysis in large-scale radiation emergencies.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Vral
- Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Radiobiology Research Unit, Universiteit Gent, Gent, Belgium
- Bundesamt für Strahlenschutz, BfS, Oberschleissheim, Germany
| | - D Endesfelder
- Bundesamt für Strahlenschutz, BfS, Oberschleissheim, Germany
| | - J Balázs
- National Public Health Center, Department of Radiobiology and Radiohygiene, Unit of Radiation Medicine, Budapest, Hungary
| | - C Beinke
- Bundeswehr Institute of Radiobiology, Munich, Germany
| | | | - F Finot
- Genevolution, Porcheville, France
| | - G Garty
- Center for Radiological Research, Columbia University, New York, New York
| | - L Hadjiiska
- National Centre of Radiobiology and Radiation Protection, Sofia, Bulgaria
| | - R Hristova
- National Centre of Radiobiology and Radiation Protection, Sofia, Bulgaria
| | - I Ivanova
- National Centre of Radiobiology and Radiation Protection, Sofia, Bulgaria
| | - Y Lee
- Laboratory of Biological Dosimetry, National Radiation Emergency Medical Center, Korea Institute of Radiological & Medical Sciences, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - K Lumniczky
- National Public Health Center, Department of Radiobiology and Radiohygiene, Unit of Radiation Medicine, Budapest, Hungary
| | - M Milanova
- Department of Radiobiology, Faculty of Military Health Sciences, University of Defence, Hradec Králové, Czech Republic
| | - O Monteiro Gil
- Centro de Ciências e Tecnologias Nucleares, Instituto Superior Técnico (IST), Universidade de Lisboa, Lisbon, Portugal
| | - U Oestreicher
- Bundesamt für Strahlenschutz, BfS, Oberschleissheim, Germany
| | - J Pajic
- Serbian Institute of Occupational Health, Belgrade, Serbia
| | - C Patrono
- Agenzia nazionale per le nuove tecnologie, l'energia e lo sviluppo economico sostenibile, Rome, Italy
| | - N D Pham
- Center Radiation technlogy & Biotechnology; Dalat Nuclear Research Institute; Dalat City, Vietnam
| | - G Perletti
- Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Radiobiology Research Unit, Universiteit Gent, Gent, Belgium
| | - K M Seong
- Laboratory of Biological Dosimetry, National Radiation Emergency Medical Center, Korea Institute of Radiological & Medical Sciences, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - S Sommer
- Institute of Nuclear Chemistry and Technology, Warsaw, Poland
| | - T Szatmári
- National Public Health Center, Department of Radiobiology and Radiohygiene, Unit of Radiation Medicine, Budapest, Hungary
| | - A Testa
- Agenzia nazionale per le nuove tecnologie, l'energia e lo sviluppo economico sostenibile, Rome, Italy
| | - A Tichy
- Department of Radiobiology, Faculty of Military Health Sciences, University of Defence, Hradec Králové, Czech Republic
| | - T M Tran
- Center Radiation technlogy & Biotechnology; Dalat Nuclear Research Institute; Dalat City, Vietnam
| | - R Wilkins
- °Health Canada, Radiation Protection Building, Ottawa, Canada
| | - M Port
- Bundeswehr Institute of Radiobiology, Munich, Germany
| | - M Abend
- Bundeswehr Institute of Radiobiology, Munich, Germany
| | - A Baeyens
- Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Radiobiology Research Unit, Universiteit Gent, Gent, Belgium
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3
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Endesfelder D, Oestreicher U, Bucher M, Beinke C, Siebenwirth C, Ainsbury E, Moquet J, Gruel G, Gregoire E, Martinez JS, Vral A, Baeyens A, Valente M, Montoro A, Terzoudi G, Triantopoulou S, Pantelias A, Gil OM, Prieto MJ, Domene MM, Zafiropoulos D, Barquinero JF, Pujol-Canadell M, Lumniczky K, Hargitai R, Kis E, Testa A, Patrono C, Sommer S, Hristova R, Kostova N, Atanasova M, Sevriukova O, Domínguez I, Pastor N, Güçlü I, Pajic J, Sabatier L, Brochard P, Tichy A, Milanova M, Finot F, Petrenci CC, Wilkins RC, Beaton-Green LA, Seong KM, Lee Y, Lee YH, Balajee AS, Maznyk N, Sypko T, Pham ND, Tran TM, Miura T, Suto Y, Akiyamam M, Tsuyama N, Abe Y, Goh VST, Chua CEL, Abend M, Port M. RENEB Inter-Laboratory Comparison 2021: The Dicentric Chromosome Assay. Radiat Res 2023:492028. [PMID: 37018160 DOI: 10.1667/rade-22-00202.1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/27/2022] [Accepted: 02/03/2023] [Indexed: 04/06/2023]
Abstract
After large-scale radiation accidents where many individuals are suspected to be exposed to ionizing radiation, biological and physical retrospective dosimetry assays are important tools to aid clinical decision making by categorizing individuals into unexposed/minimally, moderately or highly exposed groups. Quality-controlled inter-laboratory comparisons of simulated accident scenarios are regularly performed in the frame of the European legal association RENEB (Running the European Network of Biological and Physical retrospective Dosimetry) to optimize international networking and emergency readiness in case of large-scale radiation events. In total 33 laboratories from 22 countries around the world participated in the current RENEB inter-laboratory comparison 2021 for the dicentric chromosome assay. Blood was irradiated in vitro with X rays (240 kVp, 13 mA, ∼75 keV, 1 Gy/min) to simulate an acute, homogeneous whole-body exposure. Three blood samples (no. 1: 0 Gy, no. 2: 1.2 Gy, no. 3: 3.5 Gy) were sent to each participant and the task was to culture samples, to prepare slides and to assess radiation doses based on the observed dicentric yields from 50 manually or 150 semi-automatically scored metaphases (triage mode scoring). Approximately two-thirds of the participants applied calibration curves from irradiations with γ rays and about 1/3 from irradiations with X rays with varying energies. The categorization of the samples in clinically relevant groups corresponding to individuals that were unexposed/minimally (0-1 Gy), moderately (1-2 Gy) or highly exposed (>2 Gy) was successfully performed by all participants for sample no. 1 and no. 3 and by ≥74% for sample no. 2. However, while most participants estimated a dose of exactly 0 Gy for the sham-irradiated sample, the precise dose estimates of the samples irradiated with doses >0 Gy were systematically higher than the corresponding reference doses and showed a median deviation of 0.5 Gy (sample no. 2) and 0.95 Gy (sample no. 3) for manual scoring. By converting doses estimated based on γ-ray calibration curves to X-ray doses of a comparable mean photon energy as used in this exercise, the median deviation decreased to 0.27 Gy (sample no. 2) and 0.6 Gy (sample no. 3). The main aim of biological dosimetry in the case of a large-scale event is the categorization of individuals into clinically relevant groups, to aid clinical decision making. This task was successfully performed by all participants for the 0 Gy and 3.5 Gy samples and by 74% (manual scoring) and 80% (semi-automatic scoring) for the 1.2 Gy sample. Due to the accuracy of the dicentric chromosome assay and the high number of participating laboratories, a systematic shift of the dose estimates could be revealed. Differences in radiation quality (X ray vs. γ ray) between the test samples and the applied dose effect curves can partly explain the systematic shift. There might be several additional reasons for the observed bias (e.g., donor effects, transport, experimental conditions or the irradiation setup) and the analysis of these reasons provides great opportunities for future research. The participation of laboratories from countries around the world gave the opportunity to compare the results on an international level.
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Affiliation(s)
- D Endesfelder
- Bundesamt für Strahlenschutz, BfS, Oberschleissheim, Germany
| | - U Oestreicher
- Bundesamt für Strahlenschutz, BfS, Oberschleissheim, Germany
| | - M Bucher
- Bundesamt für Strahlenschutz, BfS, Oberschleissheim, Germany
| | - C Beinke
- Bundeswehr Institute of Radiobiology, Munich, Germany
| | - C Siebenwirth
- Bundeswehr Institute of Radiobiology, Munich, Germany
| | - E Ainsbury
- UK Health Security Agency, Radiation, Chemicals and Environmental Hazards Directorate, Chilton, Oxfordshire, United Kingdom
| | - J Moquet
- UK Health Security Agency, Radiation, Chemicals and Environmental Hazards Directorate, Chilton, Oxfordshire, United Kingdom
| | - G Gruel
- Institut de Radioprotection et de Sûreté Nucléaire (IRSN), PSE-Santé, SERAMED, LRAcc Fontenay-aux-Roses 92262, France
| | - E Gregoire
- Institut de Radioprotection et de Sûreté Nucléaire (IRSN), PSE-Santé, SERAMED, LRAcc Fontenay-aux-Roses 92262, France
| | - J S Martinez
- Institut de Radioprotection et de Sûreté Nucléaire (IRSN), PSE-Santé, SERAMED, LRAcc Fontenay-aux-Roses 92262, France
| | - A Vral
- Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Universiteit Gent, Gent, Belgium
| | - A Baeyens
- Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Universiteit Gent, Gent, Belgium
| | - M Valente
- Armed Forces Biomedical Research Institute, Department of Radiation Biological, Effects Brétigny-sur-Orge, France
| | - A Montoro
- Laboratorio de Dosimetría Biológica Servicio de Protección Radiológica Hospital Universitario Politécnico la Fe, Spain
| | - G Terzoudi
- National Centre for Scientific Research "Demokritos," Health Physics, Radiobiology & Cytogenetics Laboratory, Athens, Greece
| | - S Triantopoulou
- National Centre for Scientific Research "Demokritos," Health Physics, Radiobiology & Cytogenetics Laboratory, Athens, Greece
| | - A Pantelias
- National Centre for Scientific Research "Demokritos," Health Physics, Radiobiology & Cytogenetics Laboratory, Athens, Greece
| | - O Monteiro Gil
- Centro de Ciências e Tecnologias Nucleares, Instituto Superior Técnico (IST), Universidade de Lisboa, Lisboa, Portugal
| | - M J Prieto
- Hospital General Universitario Gregorio Marañón; Servicio de Oncología Radioterápica; Laboratorio de dosimetría biológica, Madrid, Spain
| | - M M Domene
- Hospital General Universitario Gregorio Marañón; Servicio de Oncología Radioterápica; Laboratorio de dosimetría biológica, Madrid, Spain
| | - D Zafiropoulos
- Laboratori Nazionali di Legnaro - Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare, Legnaro, Italy
| | | | | | - K Lumniczky
- Radiation Medicine Unit, Department of Radiobiology and Radiohygiene, National Public Health Centre, Budapest, Hungary
| | - R Hargitai
- Radiation Medicine Unit, Department of Radiobiology and Radiohygiene, National Public Health Centre, Budapest, Hungary
| | - E Kis
- Radiation Medicine Unit, Department of Radiobiology and Radiohygiene, National Public Health Centre, Budapest, Hungary
| | - A Testa
- Agenzia nazionale per le nuove tecnologie, l'energia e lo sviluppo economico sostenibile, Rome, Italy
| | - C Patrono
- Agenzia nazionale per le nuove tecnologie, l'energia e lo sviluppo economico sostenibile, Rome, Italy
| | - S Sommer
- Institute of Nuclear Chemistry and Technology, Warsaw, Poland
| | - R Hristova
- National Centre of Radiobiology and Radiation Protection, Sofia, Bulgaria
| | - N Kostova
- National Centre of Radiobiology and Radiation Protection, Sofia, Bulgaria
| | - M Atanasova
- National Centre of Radiobiology and Radiation Protection, Sofia, Bulgaria
| | - O Sevriukova
- Laboratori Nazionali di Legnaro - Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare, Legnaro, Italy
| | - I Domínguez
- Universidad de Sevilla, Departamento de Biología Celular, Facultad de Biología, Sevilla, Spain
| | - N Pastor
- Universidad de Sevilla, Departamento de Biología Celular, Facultad de Biología, Sevilla, Spain
| | - I Güçlü
- Nükleer Arş Ens. Yarımburgaz mah. Nükleer Arş yolu, Turkey
| | - J Pajic
- Serbian Institute of Occupational Health, Belgrade, Serbia
| | - L Sabatier
- PROCyTOX, Commissariat à l'Energie Atomique et aux Energies Alternatives (CEA), Fontenay-aux-Roses, France and Université Paris-Saclay, France
| | - P Brochard
- PROCyTOX, Commissariat à l'Energie Atomique et aux Energies Alternatives (CEA), Fontenay-aux-Roses, France and Université Paris-Saclay, France
| | - A Tichy
- Department of Radiobiology, Faculty of Military Health Sciences, University of Defence, Hradec Králové, Czech Republic
| | - M Milanova
- Department of Radiobiology, Faculty of Military Health Sciences, University of Defence, Hradec Králové, Czech Republic
| | - F Finot
- Genevolution, Porcheville, France
| | | | - R C Wilkins
- Consumer and Clinical Radiation Protection Bureau, Health Canada, Ottawa, Canada
| | - L A Beaton-Green
- Consumer and Clinical Radiation Protection Bureau, Health Canada, Ottawa, Canada
| | - K M Seong
- Lab of Biological Dosimetry, National Radiation Emergency Medical Center, Korea Institute of Radiological & Medical Sciences, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Y Lee
- Lab of Biological Dosimetry, National Radiation Emergency Medical Center, Korea Institute of Radiological & Medical Sciences, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Y H Lee
- Lab of Biological Dosimetry, National Radiation Emergency Medical Center, Korea Institute of Radiological & Medical Sciences, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - A S Balajee
- Cytogenetic Biodosimetry Laboratory; Radiation Emergency Assistance Center/Training Site (REAC/TS); Oak Ridge Institute for Science and Education; Oak Ridge Associated Universities; Oak Ridge, Tennessee
| | - N Maznyk
- aa Radiation Cytogenetics Laboratory; S.P. Grigoriev Institute for Medical Radiology and Oncology of Ukrainian National Academy of Medical Science, Kharkiv, Ukraine
| | - T Sypko
- aa Radiation Cytogenetics Laboratory; S.P. Grigoriev Institute for Medical Radiology and Oncology of Ukrainian National Academy of Medical Science, Kharkiv, Ukraine
| | - N D Pham
- bb Biodosimetry Laboratory, Center for Radiation Technology & Biotechnology; Dalat Nuclear Research Institute; Dalat City, Vietnam
| | - T M Tran
- bb Biodosimetry Laboratory, Center for Radiation Technology & Biotechnology; Dalat Nuclear Research Institute; Dalat City, Vietnam
| | - T Miura
- cc Department of Risk Analysis and Biodosimetry Institute of Radiation Emergency Medicine, Hirosaki University, Hirosaki, Japan
| | - Y Suto
- dd National Institutes for Quantum Science and Technology, Chiba, Japan
| | - M Akiyamam
- dd National Institutes for Quantum Science and Technology, Chiba, Japan
| | - N Tsuyama
- ee Department of Radiation Life Sciences, Fukushima Medical University School of Medicine, Fukushima, Japan
| | - Y Abe
- ff Department of Radiation Biology and Protection, Atomic Bomb Disease Institute, Nagasaki University, Japan
| | - V S T Goh
- ff Department of Radiation Biology and Protection, Atomic Bomb Disease Institute, Nagasaki University, Japan
| | - C E L Chua
- gg Department of Radiobiology, Singapore Nuclear Research and Safety Initiative (SNRSI), National University of Singapore, Singapore
| | - M Abend
- Bundeswehr Institute of Radiobiology, Munich, Germany
| | - M Port
- Bundeswehr Institute of Radiobiology, Munich, Germany
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4
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Okuniewska M, Fang V, Baeyens A, Raghavan V, Lee JY, Littman DR, Schwab SR. SPNS2 enables T cell egress from lymph nodes during an immune response. Cell Rep 2021; 36:109368. [PMID: 34260944 PMCID: PMC8351797 DOI: 10.1016/j.celrep.2021.109368] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/23/2017] [Revised: 03/24/2021] [Accepted: 06/17/2021] [Indexed: 01/27/2023] Open
Abstract
T cell expression of sphingosine 1-phosphate (S1P) receptor 1 (S1PR1) enables T cell exit from lymph nodes (LNs) into lymph, while endothelial S1PR1 expression regulates vascular permeability. Drugs targeting S1PR1 treat autoimmune disease by trapping pathogenic T cells within LNs, but they have adverse cardiovascular side effects. In homeostasis, the transporter SPNS2 supplies lymph S1P and enables T cell exit, while the transporter MFSD2B supplies most blood S1P and supports vascular function. It is unknown whether SPNS2 remains necessary to supply lymph S1P during an immune response, or whether in inflammation other compensatory transporters are upregulated. Here, using a model of dermal inflammation, we demonstrate that SPNS2 supplies the S1P that guides T cells out of LNs with an ongoing immune response. Furthermore, deletion of Spns2 is protective in a mouse model of multiple sclerosis. These results support the therapeutic potential of SPNS2 inhibitors to achieve spatially specific modulation of S1P signaling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Martyna Okuniewska
- Skirball Institute of Biomolecular Medicine, New York University Grossman School of Medicine, New York, NY 10016, USA
| | - Victoria Fang
- Skirball Institute of Biomolecular Medicine, New York University Grossman School of Medicine, New York, NY 10016, USA
| | - Audrey Baeyens
- Skirball Institute of Biomolecular Medicine, New York University Grossman School of Medicine, New York, NY 10016, USA
| | - Varsha Raghavan
- Skirball Institute of Biomolecular Medicine, New York University Grossman School of Medicine, New York, NY 10016, USA
| | - June-Yong Lee
- Skirball Institute of Biomolecular Medicine, New York University Grossman School of Medicine, New York, NY 10016, USA
| | - Dan R Littman
- Skirball Institute of Biomolecular Medicine, New York University Grossman School of Medicine, New York, NY 10016, USA; Howard Hughes Medical Institute, New York, NY 10016, USA
| | - Susan R Schwab
- Skirball Institute of Biomolecular Medicine, New York University Grossman School of Medicine, New York, NY 10016, USA.
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5
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Minnaar C, Kotzen J, Vangu M, Baeyens A. OC-0565: Modulated electro-hyperthermia improves two year survival in HIV +/- cervical cancer patients. Radiother Oncol 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/s0167-8140(21)00587-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
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6
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Lison D, Van Maele-Fabry G, Vral A, Vermeulen S, Bastin P, Haufroid V, Baeyens A. Absence of genotoxic impact assessed by micronucleus frequency in circulating lymphocytes of workers exposed to cadmium. Toxicol Lett 2019; 303:72-77. [DOI: 10.1016/j.toxlet.2018.12.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/22/2018] [Revised: 12/10/2018] [Accepted: 12/28/2018] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
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7
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Abstract
The tumor necrosis factor receptor superfamily (TNFRSF) and their ligands mediate lymphoid tissue development and homeostasis in addition to key aspects of innate and adaptive immune responses. T cells of the adaptive immune system express a number of TNFRSF members that are used to receive signals at different instructive stages and produce several tumor necrosis factor superfamily (TNFSF) members as effector molecules. There is also one example of a TNFRSF member serving as a ligand for negative regulatory checkpoint receptors. In most cases, the ligands in afferent and efferent phases are membrane proteins and thus the interaction with TNFRSF members must take place in immunological synapses and other modes of cell-cell interaction. A particular feature of the TNFRSF-mediated signaling is the prominent use of linear ubiquitin chains as scaffolds for signaling complexes that activate nuclear factor κ-B and Fos/Jun transcriptional regulators. This review will focus on the signaling mechanisms triggered by TNFRSF members in their role as costimulators of early and late phases of T cell instruction and the delivery mechanism of TNFSF members through the immunological synapses of helper and cytotoxic effector cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- James Muller
- Skirball Institute of Biomolecular Medicine and Immunology Training Program, New York University School of Medicine, New York, NY, United States
| | - Audrey Baeyens
- Skirball Institute of Biomolecular Medicine and Immunology Training Program, New York University School of Medicine, New York, NY, United States
| | - Michael L Dustin
- Skirball Institute of Biomolecular Medicine and Immunology Training Program, New York University School of Medicine, New York, NY, United States; Nuffield Department of Orthopaedics Rheumatology and Musculoskeletal Sciences, Kennedy Institute of Rheumatology, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom.
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8
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Minnaar C, Baeyens A, Kotzen J. EP-1531: Hyperthermia (mEHT) as a radiosensitser in HIV positive cervical cancer patients: effects/toxicities. Radiother Oncol 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/s0167-8140(18)31840-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/14/2022]
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9
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Vandevoorde C, Baeyens A, Vral A, Slabbert J. PO-0963: RBE variations along the Bragg curve of a 200 MeV proton beam. Radiother Oncol 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/s0167-8140(17)31399-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
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10
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Francies F, Wainwright R, Poole J, Slabbert J, Baeyens A. PO-0991: Chromosomal radiosensitivity and genomic instability of Fanconi anaemia patients in South Africa. Radiother Oncol 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/s0167-8140(17)31427-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
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11
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Baeyens A, Fang V, Chen C, Schwab SR. Exit Strategies: S1P Signaling and T Cell Migration. Trends Immunol 2016; 36:778-787. [PMID: 26596799 DOI: 10.1016/j.it.2015.10.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 81] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/23/2015] [Revised: 10/15/2015] [Accepted: 10/15/2015] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Whereas the role of sphingosine 1-phosphate receptor 1 (S1PR1) in T cell egress and the regulation of S1P gradients between lymphoid organs and circulatory fluids in homeostasis are increasingly well understood, much remains to be learned about S1P signaling and distribution during an immune response. Recent data suggest that the role of S1PR1 in directing cells from tissues into circulatory fluids is reprised again and again, particularly in guiding activated T cells from non-lymphoid tissues into lymphatics. Conversely, S1P receptor 2 (S1PR2), which antagonizes migration towards chemokines, confines cells within tissues. Here we review the current understanding of the roles of S1P signaling in activated T cell migration. In this context, we outline open questions, particularly regarding the shape of S1P gradients in different tissues in homeostasis and inflammation, and discuss recent strategies to measure S1P.
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Affiliation(s)
- Audrey Baeyens
- Skirball Institute of Biomolecular Medicine, New York University School of Medicine, New York, NY 10016, USA
| | - Victoria Fang
- Skirball Institute of Biomolecular Medicine, New York University School of Medicine, New York, NY 10016, USA
| | - Cynthia Chen
- Skirball Institute of Biomolecular Medicine, New York University School of Medicine, New York, NY 10016, USA
| | - Susan R Schwab
- Skirball Institute of Biomolecular Medicine, New York University School of Medicine, New York, NY 10016, USA.
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12
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Pérol L, Lindner JM, Caudana P, Nunez NG, Baeyens A, Valle A, Sedlik C, Loirat D, Boyer O, Créange A, Cohen JL, Rogner UC, Yamanouchi J, Marchant M, Leber XC, Scharenberg M, Gagnerault MC, Mallone R, Battaglia M, Santamaria P, Hartemann A, Traggiai E, Piaggio E. Loss of immune tolerance to IL-2 in type 1 diabetes. Nat Commun 2016; 7:13027. [PMID: 27708334 PMCID: PMC5059699 DOI: 10.1038/ncomms13027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2016] [Accepted: 08/25/2016] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Type 1 diabetes (T1D) is characterized by a chronic, progressive autoimmune attack against pancreas-specific antigens, effecting the destruction of insulin-producing β-cells. Here we show interleukin-2 (IL-2) is a non-pancreatic autoimmune target in T1D. Anti-IL-2 autoantibodies, as well as T cells specific for a single orthologous epitope of IL-2, are present in the peripheral blood of non-obese diabetic (NOD) mice and patients with T1D. In NOD mice, the generation of anti-IL-2 autoantibodies is genetically determined and their titre increases with age and disease onset. In T1D patients, circulating IgG memory B cells specific for IL-2 or insulin are present at similar frequencies. Anti-IL-2 autoantibodies cloned from T1D patients demonstrate clonality, a high degree of somatic hypermutation and nanomolar affinities, indicating a germinal centre origin and underscoring the synergy between cognate autoreactive T and B cells leading to defective immune tolerance. Type 1 diabetes is driven by T-cell autoimmunity to pancreatic islet cells. Here the authors show that autoreactive anti-IL-2 T and B cells are present in type 1 diabetes patients, and that anti-IL-2 antibodies precede diabetes onset in mice, suggesting their potential as a diagnostic marker.
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Affiliation(s)
- Louis Pérol
- Sorbonne Universités, Pierre and Marie Curie University Paris 06, Paris 75005, France.,Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, UMR 7211, Paris 75013, France.,Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), U 959, Immunology- Immunopathology-Immunotherapy (I3), Paris 75013, France.,Institut Curie, PSL Research University, INSERM U932, F-75005 Paris, France.,SiRIC TransImm Translational Immunotherapy Team, Translational Research Department, Research Center, PSL Research University, Institut Curie, Paris F-75005, France.,Centre d'Investigation Clinique Biothérapie CICBT 1428, Institut Curie, Paris F-75005, France
| | - John M Lindner
- Novartis Institutes for Biomedical Research, Basel 4056, Switzerland
| | - Pamela Caudana
- Institut Curie, PSL Research University, INSERM U932, F-75005 Paris, France.,SiRIC TransImm Translational Immunotherapy Team, Translational Research Department, Research Center, PSL Research University, Institut Curie, Paris F-75005, France.,Centre d'Investigation Clinique Biothérapie CICBT 1428, Institut Curie, Paris F-75005, France
| | - Nicolas Gonzalo Nunez
- Institut Curie, PSL Research University, INSERM U932, F-75005 Paris, France.,SiRIC TransImm Translational Immunotherapy Team, Translational Research Department, Research Center, PSL Research University, Institut Curie, Paris F-75005, France.,Centre d'Investigation Clinique Biothérapie CICBT 1428, Institut Curie, Paris F-75005, France
| | - Audrey Baeyens
- Sorbonne Universités, Pierre and Marie Curie University Paris 06, Paris 75005, France.,Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, UMR 7211, Paris 75013, France.,Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), U 959, Immunology- Immunopathology-Immunotherapy (I3), Paris 75013, France
| | - Andrea Valle
- Diabetes Research Institute (DRI), IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan 20132, Italy
| | - Christine Sedlik
- Institut Curie, PSL Research University, INSERM U932, F-75005 Paris, France.,SiRIC TransImm Translational Immunotherapy Team, Translational Research Department, Research Center, PSL Research University, Institut Curie, Paris F-75005, France.,Centre d'Investigation Clinique Biothérapie CICBT 1428, Institut Curie, Paris F-75005, France
| | - Delphine Loirat
- SiRIC TransImm Translational Immunotherapy Team, Translational Research Department, Research Center, PSL Research University, Institut Curie, Paris F-75005, France.,Centre d'Investigation Clinique Biothérapie CICBT 1428, Institut Curie, Paris F-75005, France
| | - Olivier Boyer
- INSERM, U905, Rouen 76183, France.,Normandie Univ. IRIB, Rouen 76183, France.,Rouen University Hospital, Laboratory of Immunology, Rouen 76183, France
| | - Alain Créange
- Service de Neurologie, Groupe Hospitalier Henri Mondor, AP-HP, Créteil F-94010, France.,EA 4391, Université Paris Est, Créteil F-94010, France
| | - José Laurent Cohen
- Université Paris-Est Créteil, Créteil F-94010, France.,INSERM U 955, Institut Mondor de Recherche Biomédicale (IMRB), Créteil F-94010, France.,AP-HP, Groupe Hospitalier Henri-Mondor Albert-Chenevier, CIC-BT-504, Créteil F-94010, France
| | - Ute Christine Rogner
- Institut Pasteur, CNRS URA 2578, Département Biologie du développement et cellules souches, Paris 75015, France
| | - Jun Yamanouchi
- Julia McFarlane Diabetes Research Centre and Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Infectious Diseases, Snyder Institute for Chronic Diseases, Cumming School of Medicine. University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada T2N 4N1
| | - Martine Marchant
- Novartis Institutes for Biomedical Research, Basel 4056, Switzerland
| | | | - Meike Scharenberg
- Novartis Institutes for Biomedical Research, Basel 4056, Switzerland
| | - Marie-Claude Gagnerault
- INSERM, U1016, Cochin Institute, DeAR Lab, Paris 75014, France.,Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris, Hôpital Cochin, Service de Diabétologie, Paris 75014, France.,Paris Descartes University, Sorbonne Paris Cité, Faculté de Médecine, Paris 75270, France
| | - Roberto Mallone
- INSERM, U1016, Cochin Institute, DeAR Lab, Paris 75014, France.,Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris, Hôpital Cochin, Service de Diabétologie, Paris 75014, France.,Paris Descartes University, Sorbonne Paris Cité, Faculté de Médecine, Paris 75270, France
| | - Manuela Battaglia
- Diabetes Research Institute (DRI), IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan 20132, Italy
| | - Pere Santamaria
- Julia McFarlane Diabetes Research Centre and Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Infectious Diseases, Snyder Institute for Chronic Diseases, Cumming School of Medicine. University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada T2N 4N1.,Institut D'Investigacions Biomediques August Pi i Sunyer, Barcelona 08036, Spain
| | - Agnès Hartemann
- Department of Medicine Faculty, Université Pierre et Marie Curie-Paris 6, Paris 75005, France.,Department of Endocrinology, Nutrition and Diabetes, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP), Pitié-Salpêtrière-Charles Foix Hospital, Paris 75013, France
| | | | - Eliane Piaggio
- Sorbonne Universités, Pierre and Marie Curie University Paris 06, Paris 75005, France.,Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, UMR 7211, Paris 75013, France.,Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), U 959, Immunology- Immunopathology-Immunotherapy (I3), Paris 75013, France.,Institut Curie, PSL Research University, INSERM U932, F-75005 Paris, France.,SiRIC TransImm Translational Immunotherapy Team, Translational Research Department, Research Center, PSL Research University, Institut Curie, Paris F-75005, France.,Centre d'Investigation Clinique Biothérapie CICBT 1428, Institut Curie, Paris F-75005, France
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13
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Minnaar C, Kotzen J, Baeyens A. Interim statistical analysis on a phase III randomised trial investigating the addition of modulated electro-hyperthermia to chemoradiation for cervical cancer in HIV positive and negative women in South Africa. Ann Oncol 2016. [DOI: 10.1093/annonc/mdw374.52] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
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14
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Francies F, Baeyens A, Wainwright R, Poole J, Slabbert J. O35. Chromosomal radiosensitivity and genomic instability of Fanconi Anaemia patients in South Africa. Phys Med 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmp.2016.07.043] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022] Open
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15
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Depuydt J, Baeyens A, Barnard S, Beinke C, Benedek A, Beukes P, Buraczewska I, Darroudi F, De Sanctis S, Dominguez I, Monteiro Gil O, Hadjidekova V, Kis E, Kulka U, Lista F, Lumniczky K, M’kacher R, Moquet J, Obreja D, Oestreicher U, Pajic J, Pastor N, Popova L, Regalbuto E, Ricoul M, Sabatier L, Slabbert J, Sommer S, Testa A, Thierens H, Wojcik A, Vral A. O42. Realizing the European Network of Biological Dosimetry ‘RENEB’: Results of 2 intercomparison exercises for the micronucleus assay. Phys Med 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmp.2016.07.050] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
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16
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Zaragoza B, Chen X, Oppenheim JJ, Baeyens A, Gregoire S, Chader D, Gorochov G, Miyara M, Salomon BL. Suppressive activity of human regulatory T cells is maintained in the presence of TNF. Nat Med 2016; 22:16-7. [PMID: 26735402 DOI: 10.1038/nm.4019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 78] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Bruno Zaragoza
- Sorbonne Universités, UPMC Univ Paris 06, INSERM, CNRS, Centre d'Immunologie et des Maladies Infectieuses (CIMI-Paris), 91 Bd de l'hôpital, Paris, France
| | - Xin Chen
- Basic Science Program, Leidos Biomedical Research, Inc., Frederick National Laboratory for Cancer Research, Frederick, Maryland, USA.,Laboratory of Molecular Immunoregulation; Cancer Inflammation Program, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, Frederick, Maryland, USA.,State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Institute of Chinese Medical Sciences, University of Macau, Macau, China
| | - Joost J Oppenheim
- Laboratory of Molecular Immunoregulation; Cancer Inflammation Program, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, Frederick, Maryland, USA
| | - Audrey Baeyens
- Sorbonne Universités, UPMC Univ Paris 06, INSERM, CNRS, Centre d'Immunologie et des Maladies Infectieuses (CIMI-Paris), 91 Bd de l'hôpital, Paris, France
| | - Sylvie Gregoire
- Sorbonne Universités, UPMC Univ Paris 06, INSERM, CNRS, Centre d'Immunologie et des Maladies Infectieuses (CIMI-Paris), 91 Bd de l'hôpital, Paris, France
| | - Driss Chader
- Sorbonne Universités, UPMC Univ Paris 06, INSERM, CNRS, Centre d'Immunologie et des Maladies Infectieuses (CIMI-Paris), 91 Bd de l'hôpital, Paris, France
| | - Guy Gorochov
- Sorbonne Universités, UPMC Univ Paris 06, INSERM, CNRS, Centre d'Immunologie et des Maladies Infectieuses (CIMI-Paris), 91 Bd de l'hôpital, Paris, France.,Assistance Publique - Hôpitaux de Paris, Immunology Department, Hôpital Pitié-Salpêtrière, Paris, France
| | - Makoto Miyara
- Sorbonne Universités, UPMC Univ Paris 06, INSERM, CNRS, Centre d'Immunologie et des Maladies Infectieuses (CIMI-Paris), 91 Bd de l'hôpital, Paris, France.,Assistance Publique - Hôpitaux de Paris, Immunology Department, Hôpital Pitié-Salpêtrière, Paris, France
| | - Benoît L Salomon
- Sorbonne Universités, UPMC Univ Paris 06, INSERM, CNRS, Centre d'Immunologie et des Maladies Infectieuses (CIMI-Paris), 91 Bd de l'hôpital, Paris, France
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Grégoire S, Terrada C, Martin GH, Fourcade G, Baeyens A, Marodon G, Fisson S, Billiard F, Lucas B, Tadayoni R, Béhar-Cohen F, Levacher B, Galy A, LeHoang P, Klatzmann D, Bodaghi B, Salomon BL. Treatment of Uveitis by In Situ Administration of Ex Vivo–Activated Polyclonal Regulatory T Cells. J I 2016; 196:2109-18. [DOI: 10.4049/jimmunol.1501723] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2015] [Accepted: 12/21/2015] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
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18
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Francies FZ, Wainstein T, De Leeneer K, Cairns A, Murdoch M, Nietz S, Cubasch H, Poppe B, Van Maerken T, Crombez B, Coene I, Kerr R, Slabbert JP, Vral A, Krause A, Baeyens A, Claes KBM. BRCA1, BRCA2 and PALB2 mutations and CHEK2 c.1100delC in different South African ethnic groups diagnosed with premenopausal and/or triple negative breast cancer. BMC Cancer 2015; 15:912. [PMID: 26577449 PMCID: PMC4647511 DOI: 10.1186/s12885-015-1913-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/24/2015] [Accepted: 11/05/2015] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Current knowledge of the aetiology of hereditary breast cancer in the four main South African population groups (black, coloured, Indian and white) is limited. Risk assessments in the black, coloured and Indian population groups are challenging because of restricted information regarding the underlying genetic contributions to inherited breast cancer in these populations. We focused this study on premenopausal patients (diagnosed with breast cancer before the age of 50; n = 78) and triple negative breast cancer (TNBC) patients (n = 30) from the four South African ethnic groups. The aim of this study was to determine the frequency and spectrum of germline mutations in BRCA1, BRCA2 and PALB2 and to evaluate the presence of the CHEK2 c.1100delC allele in these patients. Methods In total, 108 South African breast cancer patients underwent mutation screening using a Next-Generation Sequencing (NGS) approach in combination with Multiplex Ligation-dependent Probe Amplification (MLPA) to detect large rearrangements in BRCA1 and BRCA2. Results In 13 (12 %) patients a deleterious mutation in BRCA1/2 was detected, three of which were novel mutations in black patients. None of the study participants was found to have an unequivocal pathogenic mutation in PALB2. Two (white) patients tested positive for the CHEK2 c.1100delC mutation, however, one of these also carried a deleterious BRCA2 mutation. Additionally, six variants of unknown clinical significance were identified (4 in BRCA2, 2 in PALB2), all in black patients. Within the group of TNBC patients, a higher mutation frequency was obtained (23.3 %; 7/30) than in the group of patients diagnosed before the age of 50 (7.7 %; 6/78). Conclusion This study highlights the importance of evaluating germline mutations in major breast cancer genes in all of the South African population groups. This NGS study shows that mutation analysis is warranted in South African patients with triple negative and/or in premenopausal breast cancer. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (doi:10.1186/s12885-015-1913-6) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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Affiliation(s)
- F Z Francies
- iThemba LABS-National Research Foundation, Somerset West, South Africa. .,Department of Radiation Sciences, University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg, South Africa.
| | - T Wainstein
- Division of Human Genetics, School of Pathology, University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg, South Africa.
| | - K De Leeneer
- Center for Medical Genetics, Ghent University Hospital, Ghent, Belgium.
| | - A Cairns
- Department of Surgery, Charlotte Maxeke Johannesburg Academic Hospital and Donald Gordon Medical Centre, Johannesburg, South Africa.
| | - M Murdoch
- Department of Surgery, Charlotte Maxeke Johannesburg Academic Hospital and Donald Gordon Medical Centre, Johannesburg, South Africa.
| | - S Nietz
- Department of Surgery, Charlotte Maxeke Johannesburg Academic Hospital and Donald Gordon Medical Centre, Johannesburg, South Africa.
| | - H Cubasch
- Batho Pele Breast Unit, Chris Hani Baragwanath Academic Hospital, Johannesburg, South Africa.
| | - B Poppe
- Center for Medical Genetics, Ghent University Hospital, Ghent, Belgium.
| | - T Van Maerken
- Center for Medical Genetics, Ghent University Hospital, Ghent, Belgium.
| | - B Crombez
- Center for Medical Genetics, Ghent University Hospital, Ghent, Belgium.
| | - I Coene
- Center for Medical Genetics, Ghent University Hospital, Ghent, Belgium.
| | - R Kerr
- Division of Human Genetics, School of Pathology, University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg, South Africa.
| | - J P Slabbert
- iThemba LABS-National Research Foundation, Somerset West, South Africa.
| | - A Vral
- Department of Basic Medical Sciences, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium.
| | - A Krause
- Division of Human Genetics, School of Pathology, University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg, South Africa. .,Division of Human Genetics, National Health Laboratory Services, Johannesburg, South Africa.
| | - A Baeyens
- iThemba LABS-National Research Foundation, Somerset West, South Africa. .,Department of Radiation Sciences, University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg, South Africa. .,Department of Basic Medical Sciences, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium.
| | - K B M Claes
- Center for Medical Genetics, Ghent University Hospital, Ghent, Belgium.
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Smith T, Francies F, Herd O, Cairns A, Slabbert J, Baeyens A. The influence of age on chromosomal radiosensitivity of South African breast cancer patients. Phys Med 2015. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmp.2015.07.082] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
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20
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Francies F, Herd O, Cairns A, Slabbert J, Baeyens A. Chromosomal radiosensitivity of lymphocytes of BRCA mutation carriers. Phys Med 2015. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmp.2015.07.102] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
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21
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Smith T, Francies F, Herd O, Cairns A, Slabbert J, Baeyens A. The influence of age on chromosomal radiosensitivity of South African breast cancer patients. Phys Med 2015. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmp.2015.07.128] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022] Open
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22
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Strauss C, Kotzen J, Baeyens A. Early results on the effects of the addition of electro-hyperthermia to chemoradiotherapy for cervical cancer patients in South Africa. Phys Med 2015. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmp.2015.07.076] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
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23
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Valle A, Barbagiovanni G, Jofra T, Stabilini A, Perol L, Baeyens A, Anand S, Cagnard N, Gagliani N, Piaggio E, Battaglia M. Heterogeneous CD3 expression levels in differing T cell subsets correlate with the in vivo anti-CD3-mediated T cell modulation. J Immunol 2015; 194:2117-27. [PMID: 25646305 DOI: 10.4049/jimmunol.1401551] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
Abstract
The tolerogenic anti-CD3ε monoclonal Abs (anti-CD3) are promising compounds for the treatment of type 1 diabetes. Anti-CD3 administration induces transient T cell depletion both in preclinical and in clinical studies. Notably, the said depletion mainly affects CD4(+) but not CD8(+) T cells. Moreover, type 1 diabetes reversal in preclinical models is accompanied by the selective expansion of CD4(+)Foxp3(+) T regulatory (Treg) cells, which are fundamental for the long-term maintenance of anti-CD3-mediated tolerance. The mechanisms that lead to this immune-shaping by affecting mainly CD4(+) T effector cells while sparing CD4(+)Foxp3(+) Treg cells have still to be fully elucidated. This study shows that CD3 expression levels differ from one T cell subset to another. CD4(+)Foxp3(-) T cells contain higher amounts of CD3 molecules than do CD4(+)Foxp3(+) and CD8(+) T cells in both mice and humans. The said differences correlate with the anti-CD3-mediated immune resetting that occurs in vivo after anti-CD3 administration in diabetic NOD mice. Additionally, transcriptome analysis demonstrates that CD4(+)Foxp3(+) Treg cells are significantly less responsive than are CD4(+)Foxp3(-) T cells to anti-CD3 treatment at a molecular level. Thus, heterogeneity in CD3 expression seems to confer to the various T cell subsets differing susceptibility to the in vivo tolerogenic anti-CD3-mediated modulation. These data shed new light on the molecular mechanism that underlies anti-CD3-mediated immune resetting and thus may open new opportunities to improve this promising treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrea Valle
- San Raffaele Diabetes Research Institute, San Raffaele Scientific Institute, 20132 Milan, Italy; Vita-Salute San Raffaele University, 20132 Milan, Italy
| | - Giulia Barbagiovanni
- San Raffaele Diabetes Research Institute, San Raffaele Scientific Institute, 20132 Milan, Italy; Vita-Salute San Raffaele University, 20132 Milan, Italy
| | - Tatiana Jofra
- San Raffaele Diabetes Research Institute, San Raffaele Scientific Institute, 20132 Milan, Italy
| | - Angela Stabilini
- San Raffaele Diabetes Research Institute, San Raffaele Scientific Institute, 20132 Milan, Italy
| | - Louis Perol
- Université Pierre et Marie Curie Université Paris 06, 75005 Paris, France; Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, Unité Mixte de Recherche 7211, 75013 Paris, France; INSERM Unité 959, Immunology-Immunopathology-Immunotherapy, 75013 Paris, France; INSERM Unité 932, 75005 Paris, France; Institut Curie, Section Recherche, 75005 Paris, France
| | - Audrey Baeyens
- Université Pierre et Marie Curie Université Paris 06, 75005 Paris, France; Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, Unité Mixte de Recherche 7211, 75013 Paris, France; INSERM Unité 959, Immunology-Immunopathology-Immunotherapy, 75013 Paris, France
| | - Santosh Anand
- San Raffaele Diabetes Research Institute, San Raffaele Scientific Institute, 20132 Milan, Italy; Department of Science and Technology, University of Sannio, 82100 Benevento, Italy
| | - Nicolas Cagnard
- INSERM Unité 580, 75015 Paris, France; Bioinformatics Platform, Faculty of Medicine Paris Descartes, Necker Hospital for Sick Children, 75015 Paris, France
| | - Nicola Gagliani
- San Raffaele Diabetes Research Institute, San Raffaele Scientific Institute, 20132 Milan, Italy
| | - Eliane Piaggio
- Université Pierre et Marie Curie Université Paris 06, 75005 Paris, France; Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, Unité Mixte de Recherche 7211, 75013 Paris, France; INSERM Unité 959, Immunology-Immunopathology-Immunotherapy, 75013 Paris, France; INSERM Unité 932, 75005 Paris, France; Institut Curie, Section Recherche, 75005 Paris, France; INSERM Center of Clinical Investigation (CBT507 IGR-Curie), 75005 Paris, France; and
| | - Manuela Battaglia
- San Raffaele Diabetes Research Institute, San Raffaele Scientific Institute, 20132 Milan, Italy; TrialNet Clinical Center, San Raffaele Hospital, 20132 Milan, Italy
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24
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Baeyens A, Saadoun D, Billiard F, Rouers A, Grégoire S, Zaragoza B, Grinberg-Bleyer Y, Marodon G, Piaggio E, Salomon BL. Effector T cells boost regulatory T cell expansion by IL-2, TNF, OX40, and plasmacytoid dendritic cells depending on the immune context. J Immunol 2014; 194:999-1010. [PMID: 25548233 DOI: 10.4049/jimmunol.1400504] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
CD4(+)CD25(+)Foxp3(+) regulatory T (Treg) cells play a major role in peripheral tolerance. Multiple environmental factors and cell types affect their biology. Among them, activated effector CD4(+) T cells can boost Treg cell expansion through TNF or IL-2. In this study, we further characterized this effector T (Teff) cell-dependent Treg cell boost in vivo in mice. This phenomenon was observed when both Treg and Teff cells were activated by their cognate Ag, with the latter being the same or different. Also, when Treg cells highly proliferated on their own, there was no additional Treg cell boost by Teff cells. In a condition of low inflammation, the Teff cell-mediated Treg cell boost involved TNF, OX40L, and plasmacytoid dendritic cells, whereas in a condition of high inflammation, it involved TNF and IL-2. Thus, this feedback mechanism in which Treg cells are highly activated by their Teff cell counterparts depends on the immune context for its effectiveness and mechanism. This Teff cell-dependent Treg cell boost may be crucial to limit inflammatory and autoimmune responses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Audrey Baeyens
- Sorbonne Universités, Université Pierre et Marie Curie (Université Paris 6), Unité Mixte de Recherche 7211 and Unité Mixte de Recherche de Santé CR7, Centre d'Immunologie et des Maladies Infectieuses, 75013 Paris, France;INSERM, Unité 959 and Unité 1135, Centre d'Immunologie et des Maladies Infectieuses, 75013 Paris, France; andCentre National de la Recherche Scientifique, Unité Mixte de Recherche 7211 and Equipe de Recherche Labellisée 8255, Centre d'Immunologie et des Maladies Infectieuses, 75013 Paris, France
| | - David Saadoun
- Sorbonne Universités, Université Pierre et Marie Curie (Université Paris 6), Unité Mixte de Recherche 7211 and Unité Mixte de Recherche de Santé CR7, Centre d'Immunologie et des Maladies Infectieuses, 75013 Paris, France;INSERM, Unité 959 and Unité 1135, Centre d'Immunologie et des Maladies Infectieuses, 75013 Paris, France; andCentre National de la Recherche Scientifique, Unité Mixte de Recherche 7211 and Equipe de Recherche Labellisée 8255, Centre d'Immunologie et des Maladies Infectieuses, 75013 Paris, France
| | - Fabienne Billiard
- Sorbonne Universités, Université Pierre et Marie Curie (Université Paris 6), Unité Mixte de Recherche 7211 and Unité Mixte de Recherche de Santé CR7, Centre d'Immunologie et des Maladies Infectieuses, 75013 Paris, France;INSERM, Unité 959 and Unité 1135, Centre d'Immunologie et des Maladies Infectieuses, 75013 Paris, France; andCentre National de la Recherche Scientifique, Unité Mixte de Recherche 7211 and Equipe de Recherche Labellisée 8255, Centre d'Immunologie et des Maladies Infectieuses, 75013 Paris, France
| | - Angéline Rouers
- Sorbonne Universités, Université Pierre et Marie Curie (Université Paris 6), Unité Mixte de Recherche 7211 and Unité Mixte de Recherche de Santé CR7, Centre d'Immunologie et des Maladies Infectieuses, 75013 Paris, France;INSERM, Unité 959 and Unité 1135, Centre d'Immunologie et des Maladies Infectieuses, 75013 Paris, France; andCentre National de la Recherche Scientifique, Unité Mixte de Recherche 7211 and Equipe de Recherche Labellisée 8255, Centre d'Immunologie et des Maladies Infectieuses, 75013 Paris, France
| | - Sylvie Grégoire
- Sorbonne Universités, Université Pierre et Marie Curie (Université Paris 6), Unité Mixte de Recherche 7211 and Unité Mixte de Recherche de Santé CR7, Centre d'Immunologie et des Maladies Infectieuses, 75013 Paris, France;INSERM, Unité 959 and Unité 1135, Centre d'Immunologie et des Maladies Infectieuses, 75013 Paris, France; andCentre National de la Recherche Scientifique, Unité Mixte de Recherche 7211 and Equipe de Recherche Labellisée 8255, Centre d'Immunologie et des Maladies Infectieuses, 75013 Paris, France
| | - Bruno Zaragoza
- Sorbonne Universités, Université Pierre et Marie Curie (Université Paris 6), Unité Mixte de Recherche 7211 and Unité Mixte de Recherche de Santé CR7, Centre d'Immunologie et des Maladies Infectieuses, 75013 Paris, France;INSERM, Unité 959 and Unité 1135, Centre d'Immunologie et des Maladies Infectieuses, 75013 Paris, France; andCentre National de la Recherche Scientifique, Unité Mixte de Recherche 7211 and Equipe de Recherche Labellisée 8255, Centre d'Immunologie et des Maladies Infectieuses, 75013 Paris, France
| | - Yenkel Grinberg-Bleyer
- Sorbonne Universités, Université Pierre et Marie Curie (Université Paris 6), Unité Mixte de Recherche 7211 and Unité Mixte de Recherche de Santé CR7, Centre d'Immunologie et des Maladies Infectieuses, 75013 Paris, France;INSERM, Unité 959 and Unité 1135, Centre d'Immunologie et des Maladies Infectieuses, 75013 Paris, France; andCentre National de la Recherche Scientifique, Unité Mixte de Recherche 7211 and Equipe de Recherche Labellisée 8255, Centre d'Immunologie et des Maladies Infectieuses, 75013 Paris, France
| | - Gilles Marodon
- Sorbonne Universités, Université Pierre et Marie Curie (Université Paris 6), Unité Mixte de Recherche 7211 and Unité Mixte de Recherche de Santé CR7, Centre d'Immunologie et des Maladies Infectieuses, 75013 Paris, France;INSERM, Unité 959 and Unité 1135, Centre d'Immunologie et des Maladies Infectieuses, 75013 Paris, France; andCentre National de la Recherche Scientifique, Unité Mixte de Recherche 7211 and Equipe de Recherche Labellisée 8255, Centre d'Immunologie et des Maladies Infectieuses, 75013 Paris, France
| | - Eliane Piaggio
- Sorbonne Universités, Université Pierre et Marie Curie (Université Paris 6), Unité Mixte de Recherche 7211 and Unité Mixte de Recherche de Santé CR7, Centre d'Immunologie et des Maladies Infectieuses, 75013 Paris, France;INSERM, Unité 959 and Unité 1135, Centre d'Immunologie et des Maladies Infectieuses, 75013 Paris, France; andCentre National de la Recherche Scientifique, Unité Mixte de Recherche 7211 and Equipe de Recherche Labellisée 8255, Centre d'Immunologie et des Maladies Infectieuses, 75013 Paris, France
| | - Benoît L Salomon
- Sorbonne Universités, Université Pierre et Marie Curie (Université Paris 6), Unité Mixte de Recherche 7211 and Unité Mixte de Recherche de Santé CR7, Centre d'Immunologie et des Maladies Infectieuses, 75013 Paris, France;INSERM, Unité 959 and Unité 1135, Centre d'Immunologie et des Maladies Infectieuses, 75013 Paris, France; andCentre National de la Recherche Scientifique, Unité Mixte de Recherche 7211 and Equipe de Recherche Labellisée 8255, Centre d'Immunologie et des Maladies Infectieuses, 75013 Paris, France
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25
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Abstract
Administration of low-dose interleukin-2 (IL-2) alone or combined with rapamycin (RAPA) prevents hyperglycemia in NOD mice. Also, low-dose IL-2 cures recent-onset type 1 diabetes (T1D) in NOD mice, partially by boosting pancreatic regulatory T cells (Treg cells). These approaches are currently being evaluated in humans. Our objective was to study the effect of higher IL-2 doses (250,000-500,000 IU daily) as well as low-dose IL-2 (25,000 IU daily) and RAPA (1 mg/kg daily) (RAPA/IL-2) combination. We show that, despite further boosting of Treg cells, high doses of IL-2 rapidly precipitated T1D in prediabetic female and male mice and increased myeloid cells in the pancreas. Also, we observed that RAPA counteracted IL-2 effects on Treg cells, failed to control IL-2-boosted NK cells, and broke IL-2-induced tolerance in a reversible way. Notably, the RAPA/IL-2 combination failure to cure T1D was associated with an unexpected deleterious effect on glucose homeostasis at multiple levels, including β-cell division, glucose tolerance, and liver glucose metabolism. Our data help to understand the therapeutic limitations of IL-2 alone or RAPA/IL-2 combination and could lead to the design of improved therapies for T1D.
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Affiliation(s)
- Audrey Baeyens
- Université Pierre et Marie Curie, Paris, France
- Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, UMR 7211, Paris, France
- Department of Immunology-Immunopathology-Immunotherapy, INSERM U959, Paris, France
| | - Louis Pérol
- Université Pierre et Marie Curie, Paris, France
- Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, UMR 7211, Paris, France
- Department of Immunology-Immunopathology-Immunotherapy, INSERM U959, Paris, France
| | - Gwladys Fourcade
- Université Pierre et Marie Curie, Paris, France
- Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, UMR 7211, Paris, France
- Department of Immunology-Immunopathology-Immunotherapy, INSERM U959, Paris, France
| | - Nicolas Cagnard
- INSERM U580, Paris, France
- Bioinformatics Platform, Faculty of Medicine Paris Descartes, Hôpital Necker-Enfants Malades, Paris, France
| | - Wassila Carpentier
- Université Pierre et Marie Curie, Paris, France
- Plateforme Post-Génomique P3S, Université Pierre et Marie Curie, Faculty of Medicine, Paris, France
| | - Janine Woytschak
- Laboratory of Applied Immunobiology, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Onur Boyman
- Laboratory of Applied Immunobiology, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
- Allergy Unit, Department of Dermatology, University Hospital Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Agnès Hartemann
- Department of Endocrinology, Nutrition and Diabetes, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris, Pitié-Salpêtrière-Charles Foix Hospital, Paris, France
- Department of Medicine Faculty, Université Pierre et Marie Curie, Paris, France
| | - Eliane Piaggio
- Université Pierre et Marie Curie, Paris, France
- Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, UMR 7211, Paris, France
- Department of Immunology-Immunopathology-Immunotherapy, INSERM U959, Paris, France
- Corresponding author: Eliane Piaggio,
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26
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Goldstein JD, Pérol L, Zaragoza B, Baeyens A, Marodon G, Piaggio E. Role of cytokines in thymus- versus peripherally derived-regulatory T cell differentiation and function. Front Immunol 2013; 4:155. [PMID: 23801992 PMCID: PMC3685818 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2013.00155] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2013] [Accepted: 06/06/2013] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
CD4+CD25+Foxp3+ regulatory T cells (Tregs) are essential players in the control of immune responses. Recently, accordingly to their origin, two main subsets of Tregs have been described: thymus-derived Tregs (tTregs) and peripherally derived Tregs (pTregs). Numerous signaling pathways including the IL-2/STAT5 or the TGF-β/Smad3 pathways play a crucial role in segregating the two lineages. Here, we review some of the information existing on the distinct requirements of IL-2, TGF-β, and TNF-α three major cytokines involved in tTreg and pTreg generation, homeostasis and function. Today it is clear that signaling via the IL-2Rβ chain (CD122) common to IL-2 and IL-15 is required for proper differentiation of tTregs and for tTreg and pTreg survival in the periphery. This notion has led to the development of promising therapeutic strategies based on low-dose IL-2 administration to boost the patients’ own Treg compartment and dampen autoimmunity and inflammation. Also, solid evidence points to TGF-β as the master regulator of pTreg differentiation and homeostasis. However, therapeutic administration of TGF-β is difficult to implement due to toxicity and safety issues. Knowledge on the role of TNF-α on the biology of Tregs is fragmentary and inconsistent between mice and humans. Moreover, emerging results from the clinical use of TNF-α inhibitors indicate that part of their anti-inflammatory effect may be dependent on their action on Tregs. Given the profusion of clinical trials testing cytokine administration or blocking to modulate inflammatory diseases, a better knowledge of the effects of cytokines on tTregs and pTregs biology is necessary to improve the efficiency of these immunotherapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jérémie David Goldstein
- Université Pierre et Marie Curie Univ Paris 06, INSERM U959 , Paris , France ; Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, UMR 7211 , Paris , France ; Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), U959, Immunology-Immunopathology-Immunotherapy (I3) , Paris , France
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27
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Fourcade G, Colombo BM, Grégoire S, Baeyens A, Rachdi L, Guez F, Goffin V, Scharfmann R, Salomon BL. Fetal pancreas transplants are dependent on prolactin for their development and prevent type 1 diabetes in syngeneic but not allogeneic mice. Diabetes 2013; 62:1646-55. [PMID: 23423564 PMCID: PMC3636635 DOI: 10.2337/db12-0448] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Transplantation of adult pancreatic islets has been proposed to cure type 1 diabetes (T1D). However, it is rarely considered in the clinic because of its transient effect on disease, the paucity of donors, and the requirement for strong immunosuppressive treatment to prevent allogeneic graft rejection. Transplantation of fetal pancreases (FPs) may constitute an attractive alternative because of potential abundant donor sources, possible long-term effects due to the presence of stem cells maintaining tissue integrity, and their supposed low immunogenicity. In this work, we studied the capacity of early FPs from mouse embryos to develop into functional pancreatic islets producing insulin after transplantation in syngeneic and allogeneic recipients. We found that as few as two FPs were sufficient to control T1D in syngeneic mice. Surprisingly, their development into insulin-producing cells was significantly delayed in male compared with female recipients, which may be explained by lower levels of prolactin in males. Finally, allogeneic FPs were rapidly rejected, even in the context of minor histocompatibility disparities, with massive graft infiltration with T and myeloid cells. This work suggests that FP transplantation as a therapeutic option of T1D needs to be further assessed and would require immunosuppressive treatment.
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MESH Headings
- Animals
- Cell Differentiation
- Crosses, Genetic
- Diabetes Mellitus, Type 1/immunology
- Diabetes Mellitus, Type 1/pathology
- Diabetes Mellitus, Type 1/prevention & control
- Embryo, Mammalian
- Female
- Fetus
- Insulin/metabolism
- Insulin Secretion
- Insulin-Secreting Cells/cytology
- Insulin-Secreting Cells/immunology
- Insulin-Secreting Cells/metabolism
- Insulin-Secreting Cells/pathology
- Islets of Langerhans Transplantation/immunology
- Islets of Langerhans Transplantation/methods
- Islets of Langerhans Transplantation/pathology
- Kidney
- Male
- Mice
- Mice, Knockout
- Mice, Nude
- Mice, Transgenic
- Pancreas Transplantation/immunology
- Pancreas Transplantation/methods
- Pancreas Transplantation/pathology
- Prolactin/therapeutic use
- Sex Characteristics
- Specific Pathogen-Free Organisms
- Transplantation, Heterotopic/immunology
- Transplantation, Heterotopic/methods
- Transplantation, Heterotopic/pathology
- Transplantation, Homologous
- Transplantation, Isogeneic
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Affiliation(s)
- Gwladys Fourcade
- CNRS UMR7211, INSERM U959, Université Pierre et Marie Curie–Paris 6, Paris, France
| | - Bruno M. Colombo
- CNRS UMR7211, INSERM U959, Université Pierre et Marie Curie–Paris 6, Paris, France
- Biology Department, Evry-Val d’Essone University, Evry, France
| | - Sylvie Grégoire
- CNRS UMR7211, INSERM U959, Université Pierre et Marie Curie–Paris 6, Paris, France
| | - Audrey Baeyens
- CNRS UMR7211, INSERM U959, Université Pierre et Marie Curie–Paris 6, Paris, France
| | - Latif Rachdi
- INSERM U845, Research Center Growth and Signalling, Paris Descartes University, Necker Hospital, Paris, France
| | - Fanny Guez
- INSERM U845, Research Center Growth and Signalling, Paris Descartes University, Necker Hospital, Paris, France
| | - Vincent Goffin
- INSERM U845, Research Center Growth and Signalling, Paris Descartes University, Necker Hospital, Paris, France
| | - Raphael Scharfmann
- INSERM U845, Research Center Growth and Signalling, Paris Descartes University, Necker Hospital, Paris, France
| | - Benoît L. Salomon
- CNRS UMR7211, INSERM U959, Université Pierre et Marie Curie–Paris 6, Paris, France
- Corresponding author: Benoît L. Salomon,
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Grinberg-Bleyer Y, Saadoun D, Baeyens A, Billiard F, Goldstein JD, Grégoire S, Martin GH, Elhage R, Derian N, Carpentier W, Marodon G, Klatzmann D, Piaggio E, Salomon BL. Pathogenic T cells have a paradoxical protective effect in murine autoimmune diabetes by boosting Tregs. J Clin Invest 2010; 120:4558-68. [PMID: 21099113 DOI: 10.1172/jci42945] [Citation(s) in RCA: 144] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/11/2010] [Accepted: 09/15/2010] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
CD4+CD25+Foxp3+ Tregs play a major role in prevention of autoimmune diseases. The suppressive effect of Tregs on effector T cells (Teffs), the cells that can mediate autoimmunity, has been extensively studied. However, the in vivo impact of Teff activation on Tregs during autoimmunity has not been explored. In this study, we have shown that CD4+ Teff activation strongly boosts the expansion and suppressive activity of Tregs. This helper function of CD4+ T cells, which we believe to be novel, was observed in the pancreas and draining lymph nodes in mouse recipients of islet-specific Teffs and Tregs. Its physiological impact was assessed in autoimmune diabetes. When islet-specific Teffs were transferred alone, they induced diabetes. Paradoxically, when the same Teffs were cotransferred with islet-specific Tregs, they induced disease protection by boosting Treg expansion and suppressive function. RNA microarray analyses suggested that TNF family members were involved in the Teff-mediated Treg boost. In vivo experiments showed that this Treg boost was partially dependent on TNF but not on IL-2. This feedback regulatory loop between Teffs and Tregs may be critical to preventing or limiting the development of autoimmune diseases.
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Grinberg-Bleyer Y, Baeyens A, You S, Elhage R, Fourcade G, Gregoire S, Cagnard N, Carpentier W, Tang Q, Bluestone J, Chatenoud L, Klatzmann D, Salomon BL, Piaggio E. IL-2 reverses established type 1 diabetes in NOD mice by a local effect on pancreatic regulatory T cells. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2010; 207:1871-8. [PMID: 20679400 PMCID: PMC2931175 DOI: 10.1084/jem.20100209] [Citation(s) in RCA: 313] [Impact Index Per Article: 22.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
Regulatory T cells (T reg cells) play a major role in controlling the pathogenic autoimmune process in type 1 diabetes (T1D). Interleukin 2 (IL-2), a cytokine which promotes T reg cell survival and function, may thus have therapeutic efficacy in T1D. We show that 5 d of low-dose IL-2 administration starting at the time of T1D onset can reverse established disease in NOD (nonobese diabetic) mice, with long-lasting effects. Low-dose IL-2 increases the number of T reg cells in the pancreas and induces expression of T reg cell–associated proteins including Foxp3, CD25, CTLA-4, ICOS (inducible T cell costimulator), and GITR (glucocorticoid-induced TNF receptor) in these cells. Treatment also suppresses interferon γ production by pancreas-infiltrating T cells. Transcriptome analyses show that low-dose IL-2 exerts much greater influence on gene expression of T reg cells than effector T cells (T eff cells), suggesting that nonspecific activation of pathogenic T eff cells is less likely. We provide the first preclinical data showing that low-dose IL-2 can reverse established T1D, suggesting that this treatment merits evaluation in patients with T1D.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yenkel Grinberg-Bleyer
- Université Pierre et Marie Curie Univ Paris 06, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, UMR 7211, Paris, France
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Abstract
PURPOSE The chromosomal radiosensitivity of a selected group of familial breast cancer patients carrying a mutation in BRCA1 (n=11) or BRCA2 (n=9) and a group of healthy mutation carriers (n=12) was investigated and compared to a reference group of breast cancer patients without a BRCA1/2 mutation (n=78) and a group of healthy women carrying no mutation (n=58). MATERIALS AND METHODS The chromosomal radiosensitivity was assessed with the G2 and the G0-micronucleus (MN)-assay on fresh blood samples and on Epstein-Barr virus (EBV)-transformed lymphoblastoid cell lines. For the MN-assay, lymphocytes were exposed in vitro to 3.5 Gy and 2 Gy 60Co gamma-rays at a high dose rate (HDR) or low dose rate (LDR). 70-h post-irradiation cultures were arrested and micronuclei were scored in 1000 binucleate cells. For the G2-assay lymphocytes were irradiated in vitro with a dose of 0.4 Gy 60Co gamma-rays after 71h incubation. Cultures were arrested 90 min after irradiation and chromatid breaks were scored in 50 metaphases. RESULTS The group of breast cancer patients with a BRCA1 or 2 mutation was on average more radiosensitive than the control group, but not different from breast cancer patients without a BRCA mutation. The radiation response of healthy BRCA1/2 carriers was not significantly different from the control group and also not different from relatives without a BRCA mutation. Comparing the radiation response in EBV cell lines derived from breast cancer patients with or without a BRCA1 mutation revealed no significant difference. CONCLUSIONS Our results reveal that chromosomal radiosensitivity observed in breast cancer patients heterozygous for BRCA1 or 2 mutations, could not be demonstrated in healthy BRCA1/2 mutation carriers. This suggests that mutations in BRCA1 or 2 genes are not playing a main role in chromosomal radiosensitivity, this although BRCA1 and 2 are both involved in DNA repair/signalling processes.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Baeyens
- Department of Anatomy, Embryology, Histology and Medical Physics, Ghent University, L. Pasteurlaan 2, B-9000 Gent, Belgium
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Baeyens A, Vandenbulcke K, Philippé J, Thierens H, De Ridder L, Vral A. The use of IL-2 cultures to measure chromosomal radiosensitivity in breast cancer patients. Mutagenesis 2005; 19:493-8. [PMID: 15548763 DOI: 10.1093/mutage/geh063] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Enhanced chromosomal radiosensitivity in breast cancer patients has been demonstrated in several studies. To investigate the chromosomal radiosensitivity of lymphocytes in breast cancer patients the G2 and micronucleus (MN) assays are often used. In these assays blood samples are exposed to ionizing radiation and the number of radiation-induced micronuclei or chromatid breaks are scored. In most studies investigating the in vitro chromosomal radiosensitivity of breast cancer patients the G2 and MN assays were performed on freshly drawn blood. The disadvantage of working with fresh blood samples is that in most cases only one blood sample can be obtained and that the assay cannot be easily repeated without further blood sampling. To allow repeated testing we propose the use of long-term cultures of T lymphocytes (IL-2 cultures). In this study we therefore investigated whether the radiation-induced MN response in IL-2 cultures was the same as in concordant whole blood cultures. For this study the MN assay (2 Gy) was performed on IL-2 cultures of 11 sensitive breast cancer patients and 20 healthy women. The results demonstrate that the enhanced chromosomal radiosensitivity observed in whole blood cultures of breast cancer patients is not present in IL-2 cultures derived from the same blood samples. Therefore, care has to be taken when IL-2 cultures are used to assess chromosomal radiosensitivity in breast cancer patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Baeyens
- Department of Anatomy, Embryology, Histology and Medical Physics and Department of Radiopharmacy, Ghent University, L. Pasteurlaan 2, 9000 Gent, Belgium
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Baeyens A, Thierens H, Vandenbulcke K, De Ridder L, Vral A. The use of EBV-transformed cell lines of breast cancer patients to measure chromosomal radiosensitivity. Mutagenesis 2004; 19:285-90. [PMID: 15215327 DOI: 10.1093/mutage/geh029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
To investigate the chromosomal radiosensitivity of lymphocytes in cancer patients the micronucleus (MN) assay is often used and performed on freshly drawn peripheral blood lymphocytes. The use of Epstein-Barr virus (EBV)-transformed lymphoblastoid cell lines may have a lot of advantages (e.g. large pool of cells) compared with fresh blood samples. In this study we have investigated whether the response of EBV-transformed lymphoblastoid cell lines to irradiation in the G1/S/G2 phases of the cell cycle is the same as in concordant whole blood cultures where primary lymphocytes were irradiated in the G0 phase of the cell cycle. For this study the MN assay (2 Gy) was performed on EBV-transformed cell lines of breast cancer patients and a group of healthy women. Those breast cancer patients were selected who showed an elevated chromosomal radiosensitivity in fresh blood samples in a previous study. The results demonstrated that the enhanced chromosomal radiosensitivity observed in fresh blood cultures of breast cancer patients is not present in EBV-transformed cell lines derived from the same blood samples. Therefore, care must be taken when EBV cell lines are used to assess chromosomal radiosensitivity in breast cancer patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Baeyens
- Department of Anatomy, Embryology, Histology and Medical Physics, University of Gent, L. Pasteurlaan 2, B-9000 Gent, Belgium
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Vral A, Thierens H, Baeyens A, De Ridder L. Chromosomal aberrations and in vitro radiosensitivity: intra-individual versus inter-individual variability. Toxicol Lett 2004; 149:345-52. [PMID: 15093280 DOI: 10.1016/j.toxlet.2003.12.044] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
In order to assess the applicability of the micronucleus (MN) and G2 assays as biomarkers of in vitro radiosensitivity and cancer susceptibility, we investigated the inter- and intra-individual variation of these endpoints. For the MN assay unstimulated blood cultures from 57 healthy donors were exposed in vitro to 3.5 Gy Co gamma-rays and for the G2 assay PHA stimulated cultures were irradiated with a dose of 0.4 Gy Co gamma-rays in the G2 phase of the cell cycle. For 14 donors, 2-15 repeat samples were tested over a period of 3 years. The repeat experiments revealed that the intra-individual variability was not significantly different from the inter-individual variability for both G2 and MN assays. As the intra-individual variability determines the reproducibility of the assay, our results highlight the limitations of these endpoints in detecting reproducible differences in radiation sensitivity between individuals within a normal population. Due to the high intra-individual variability and no significant difference with the inter-individual variability found in our study we conclude that care has to be taken when results obtained with chromosomal aberration assays based on one blood sample are used to assess the individual radiosensitivity. Multiple blood sampling may be necessary to draw reliable conclusions. Although more validation studies on the reliability of the G2 and MN assay will be required before they can be used in a confident way as biomarkers of individual radiosensitivity or cancer susceptibility the assays are very valuable to examine population radiosensitivity and the relationship between radiosensitivity, cancer predisposition and genotype.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Vral
- Department of Anatomy, Embryology, Histology and Medical Physics, University of Gent, L. Pasteurlaan 2, 9000 Gent, Belgium.
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Vral A, Baeyens A, Thierens H, De Ridder L. 81 Chromosomal aberrations and individual sensitivity towards ionising radiation. Toxicol Lett 2003. [DOI: 10.1016/s0378-4274(03)90080-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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Baeyens A, Thierens H, Claes K, Poppe B, Messiaen L, De Ridder L, Vral A. Chromosomal radiosensitivity in breast cancer patients with a known or putative genetic predisposition. Br J Cancer 2002; 87:1379-85. [PMID: 12454765 PMCID: PMC2376291 DOI: 10.1038/sj.bjc.6600628] [Citation(s) in RCA: 100] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2002] [Revised: 05/31/2002] [Accepted: 09/08/2002] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
The chromosomal radiosensitivity of breast cancer patients with a known or putative genetic predisposition was investigated and compared to a group of healthy women. The chromosomal radiosensitivity was assessed with the G2 and the G0-micronucleus assay. For the G2 assay lymphocytes were irradiated in vitro with a dose of 0.4 Gy (60)Co gamma-rays after 71 h incubation, and chromatid breaks were scored in 50 metaphases. For the micronucleus assay lymphocytes were exposed in vitro to 3.5 Gy (60)Co gamma-rays at a high dose rate or low dose rate. 70 h post-irradiation cultures were arrested and micronuclei were scored in 1000 binucleate cells. The results demonstrated that the group of breast cancer patients with a known or putative genetic predisposition was on the average more radiosensitive than a population of healthy women, and this with the G2 as well as with the high dose rate and low dose rate micronucleus assay. With the G2 assay 43% of the patients were found to be radiosensitive. A higher proportion of the patients were radiosensitive with the micronucleus assay (45% with high dose rate and 61% with low dose rate). No correlation was found between the G2 and the G0-micronucleus chromosomal radiosensitivity. Out of the different subgroups considered, the group of the young breast cancer patients without family history showed the highest percentage of radiosensitive cases in the G2 (50%) as well as in the micronucleus assay (75-78%).
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Affiliation(s)
- A Baeyens
- Department of Anatomy, University of Gent, L. Pasteurlaan 2, B-9000 Gent, Belgium
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Thierens H, Vral A, Barbé M, Meijlaers M, Baeyens A, Ridder LD. Chromosomal radiosensitivity study of temporary nuclear workers and the support of the adaptive response induced by occupational exposure. Int J Radiat Biol 2002; 78:1117-26. [PMID: 12556339 DOI: 10.1080/0955300021000034710] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE To study chromosomal radiosensitivity in a population of radiation workers and investigate the possibility of an adaptive response in lymphocytes of workers after short-term occupational exposure to ionizing radiation. MATERIALS AND METHODS The studied group comprised 41 workers temporarily employed at the Nuclear Power Plant Doel (Belgium) for reactor maintenance. A blood sample was taken before and directly after the exposure period of about 1 month. Chromosomal radiosensitivity was assessed in vitro by the G2 assay and the G0 micronucleus (MN) assay. For the MN assay, a low dose-rate (LDR) in vitro irradiation protocol was applied in addition to high dose-rate (HDR) irradiation of the blood samples in order to determine the dose-rate sparing (DRS) effect. RESULTS No statistically significant effect of the occupational exposures (up to 10 mSv) on the baseline MN frequencies without in vitro irradiation was observed. A comparison of the number of chromatid aberrations pre- and post-exposure shows no effect of the occupational exposure. On the other hand, the G0-MN assay with the LDR irradiation protocol reveals a systematic reduction in chromosomal radiosensitivity by the exposure, increasing with dose. For workers who received the highest dose (4-10 mSv) a statistically significant (p <0.05) decrease of the in vitro induced MN yields and increase of the dose-rate sparing was observed. CONCLUSIONS Short-term low-dose occupational exposure may act as an in vivo adaptive dose and stimulate repair in G0 lymphocytes.
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Affiliation(s)
- H Thierens
- Department of Anatomy, Embryology, Histology and Medical Physics, Ghent University, Proeftuinstraat 86, Belgium.
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Vral A, Thierens H, Baeyens A, De Ridder L. The micronucleus and G2-phase assays for human blood lymphocytes as biomarkers of individual sensitivity to ionizing radiation: limitations imposed by intraindividual variability. Radiat Res 2002; 157:472-7. [PMID: 11893251 DOI: 10.1667/0033-7587(2002)157[0472:tmagpa]2.0.co;2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
Abstract
As part of a program to assess the applicability of the micronucleus (MN) and G2-phase assays as biomarkers of cancer susceptibility, we investigated the inter- and intraindividual variations of these end points. For the MN assay, unstimulated blood cultures from 14 healthy donors were exposed in vitro to 3.5 Gy 60Co gamma rays; for the G2-phase assay, PHA-stimulated cell cultures were irradiated with a dose of 0.4 Gy 60Co gamma rays in the G2 phase of the cell cycle. Two of the 14 volunteers were assayed 9 times over a period of 1 year. The repeat experiments revealed that the intraindividual variability was not significantly different from the interindividual variability for both the G2-phase and MN assays. Since the intraindividual variability determines the reproducibility of the assay, our results highlight the limitations of these end points in detecting reproducible differences in radiation sensitivity between individuals within a normal population. For example, one donor of the population was identified as being radiosensitive (based on the 90th percentile criterion) but turned out to be normal when the assay was repeated twice. We conclude that the determination of individual radiosensitivity with these two cytogenetic assays is unreliable when based on one blood sample.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Vral
- Department of Anatomy, Embryology and Histology, University of Gent, 9000 Gent, Belgium.
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Vral A, Thierens H, Baeyens A, De Ridder L. Induction and disappearance of G2 chromatid breaks in lymphocytes after low doses of low-LET gamma-rays and high-LET fast neutrons. Int J Radiat Biol 2002; 78:249-57. [PMID: 12020436 DOI: 10.1080/09553000110102003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/16/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE To determine by means of the G2 assay the number of chromatid breaks induced by low-LET gamma-rays and high-LET neutrons, and to compare the kinetics of chromatid break rejoining for radiations of different quality. MATERIALS AND METHODS The G2 assay was performed on blood samples of four healthy donors who were irradiated with low-LET gamma-rays and high-LET neutrons. In a first set of experiments a dose-response curve for the formation of chromatid breaks was carried out for gamma-rays and neutrons with doses ranging between 0.1 and 0.5 Gy. In a second set of experiments, the kinetics of chromatid break formation and disappearance were investigated after a dose of 0.5 Gy using post-irradiation times ranging between 0.5 and 3.5 h. For the highest dose of 0.5 Gy, the number of isochromatid breaks was also scored. RESULTS No significant differences in the number of chromatid breaks were observed between low-LET gamma-rays and high-LET neutrons for the four donors at any of the doses given. The dose-response curves for the formation of chromatid breaks are linear for both radiation qualities and RBEs = 1 were obtained. Scoring of isochromatid breaks at the highest dose of 0.5 Gy revealed that high-LET neutrons were, however, more effective at inducing isochromatid breaks (RBE = 6.2). The rejoining experiments further showed that the kinetics of disappearance of chromatid breaks following irradiation with low-LET gamma-rays or high-LET neutrons were not significantly different. Half-times of 0.92 h for gamma-rays and 0.84 h for neutrons were obtained. CONCLUSIONS Applying the G2 assay, the results demonstrate that at low doses of irradiation, the induction as well as the disappearance of chromatid breaks is independent of the LET of the radiation qualities used (0.24 keV x microm(-1) 60Co gamma-rays and 20 keV x microm(-1) fast neutrons). As these radiation qualities produce the same initial number of double-strand breaks, the results support the signal model that proposes that chromatid breaks are the result of an exchange process which is triggered by a single double-strand break.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Vral
- Department of Anatomy, Embryology, Histology and Medical Physics, Ghent University, L. Pasteurlaan 2, B-9000 Gent, Belgium.
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