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Bergsten E, Mestivier D, Donnadieu F, Pedron T, Barau C, Meda LT, Mettouchi A, Lemichez E, Gorgette O, Chamaillard M, Vaysse A, Volant S, Doukani A, Sansonetti PJ, Sobhani I, Nigro G. Parvimonas micra, an oral pathobiont associated with colorectal cancer, epigenetically reprograms human colonocytes. Gut Microbes 2023; 15:2265138. [PMID: 37842920 PMCID: PMC10580862 DOI: 10.1080/19490976.2023.2265138] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2023] [Accepted: 09/20/2023] [Indexed: 10/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Recently, an intestinal dysbiotic microbiota with enrichment in oral cavity bacteria has been described in colorectal cancer (CRC) patients. Here, we characterize and investigate one of these oral pathobionts, the Gram-positive anaerobic coccus Parvimonas micra. We identified two phylotypes (A and B) exhibiting different phenotypes and adhesion capabilities. We observed a strong association of phylotype A with CRC, with its higher abundance in feces and in tumoral tissue compared with the normal homologous colonic mucosa, which was associated with a distinct methylation status of patients. By developing an in vitro hypoxic co-culture system of human primary colonic cells with anaerobic bacteria, we show that P. micra phylotype A alters the DNA methylation profile promoters of key tumor-suppressor genes, oncogenes, and genes involved in epithelial-mesenchymal transition. In colonic mucosa of CRC patients carrying P. micra phylotype A, we found similar DNA methylation alterations, together with significant enrichment of differentially expressed genes in pathways involved in inflammation, cell adhesion, and regulation of actin cytoskeleton, providing evidence of P. micra's possible role in the carcinogenic process.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emma Bergsten
- Unité de Pathogénie Microbienne Moléculaire, INSERM U1202, Institut Pasteur, Paris, France
- Équipe universitaire EC2M3-EA7375, Université Paris- Est (UPEC), Créteil, France
| | - Denis Mestivier
- Équipe universitaire EC2M3-EA7375, Université Paris- Est (UPEC), Créteil, France
- Plateforme de Bio-informatique, Institut Mondor de Recherche Biomédicale (IMRB/INSERM U955), Université Paris-Est, Créteil, France
| | - Francoise Donnadieu
- Unité de Pathogénie Microbienne Moléculaire, INSERM U1202, Institut Pasteur, Paris, France
| | - Thierry Pedron
- Unité de Pathogénie Microbienne Moléculaire, INSERM U1202, Institut Pasteur, Paris, France
- Unité Bactériophage, Bactérie, Hôte, Institut Pasteur, Paris, France
| | - Caroline Barau
- Plateforme de Ressources Biologiques, CHU Henri Mondor Assistance Publique Hôpitaux de Paris (APHP), Créteil, France
| | - Landry Tsoumtsa Meda
- Unité des Toxines Bactériennes, Université Paris Cité, CNRS UMR6047, INSERM U1306, Institut Pasteur, Paris, France
| | - Amel Mettouchi
- Unité des Toxines Bactériennes, Université Paris Cité, CNRS UMR6047, INSERM U1306, Institut Pasteur, Paris, France
| | - Emmanuel Lemichez
- Unité des Toxines Bactériennes, Université Paris Cité, CNRS UMR6047, INSERM U1306, Institut Pasteur, Paris, France
| | - Olivier Gorgette
- Plateforme de Bio-Imagerie Ultrastructurale, Institut Pasteur, Université Paris Cité, Paris, France
| | - Mathias Chamaillard
- Laboratory of Cell Physiology, INSERM U1003, University of Lille, Lille, France
| | - Amaury Vaysse
- Bioinformatics and Biostatistics Hub, Institut Pasteur, Université Paris Cité, Paris, France
| | - Stevenn Volant
- Bioinformatics and Biostatistics Hub, Institut Pasteur, Université Paris Cité, Paris, France
| | - Abiba Doukani
- Sorbonne Université, Inserm, Unité Mixte de Service Production et Analyse de données en Sciences de la Vie et en Santé, Paris, France
| | - Philippe J. Sansonetti
- Unité de Pathogénie Microbienne Moléculaire, INSERM U1202, Institut Pasteur, Paris, France
- Chaire de Microbiologie et Maladies Infectieuses, Collège de France, Paris, France
| | - Iradj Sobhani
- Équipe universitaire EC2M3-EA7375, Université Paris- Est (UPEC), Créteil, France
- Service de Gastroentérologie, CHU Henri Mondor Assistance Publique Hôpitaux de Paris (APHP), Créteil, France
| | - Giulia Nigro
- Unité de Pathogénie Microbienne Moléculaire, INSERM U1202, Institut Pasteur, Paris, France
- Microenvironment and Immunity Unit, INSERM U1224, Institut Pasteur, Paris, France
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Ruan J, Cui X, Yan H, Jia C, Ou T, Shang Z. Expression profiles of circular RNAs and interaction networks of competing endogenous RNAs in neurogenic bladder of rats following suprasacral spinal cord injury. PeerJ 2023; 11:e16042. [PMID: 37744239 PMCID: PMC10512963 DOI: 10.7717/peerj.16042] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2023] [Accepted: 08/15/2023] [Indexed: 09/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Neurogenic bladder (NB) following suprasacral spinal cord injury (SSCI) is an interstitial disease with the structural remodeling of bladder tissue and matrix over-deposition. Circular RNAs (circRNAs) are involved in fibrotic disease development through their post-transcriptional regulatory functions. This study aimed to use transcriptome high-throughput sequencing to investigate the process of NB and bladder fibrosis after SSCI. Methods Spinal cord transection at the T10-T11 level was used to construct the SSCI model in rats (10-week-old female Wistar rats, weighing 200 ± 20 g). The bladders were collected without (sham group) and with (SSCI 1-3 groups) NB status. Morphological examination was conducted to assess the extent of bladder fibrosis. Additionally, RNA sequencing was utilized to determine mRNAs and circRNAs expression patterns. The dynamic changes of differentially expressed mRNAs (DEMs) and circRNAs (DECs) in different periods of SSCI were further analyzed. Results Bladder weight, smooth muscle cell hypertrophy, and extracellular matrix gradually increased after SSCI. Compared with the sham group, 3,255 DEMs and 1,339 DECs, 3,449 DEMs and 1,324 DECs, 884 DEMs, and 1,151 DECs were detected in the SSCI 1-3 groups, respectively. Specifically, circRNA3621, circRNA0617, circRNA0586, and circRNA4426 were significant DECs common to SSCI 1-3 groups compared with the sham group. Moreover, Gene Ontology (GO) enrichment suggested that inflammatory and chronic inflammatory responses were the key events in NB progression following SSCI. Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) pathways enrichment associated with the "Chemokine signaling pathway", the "IL-17 signaling pathway", and the "TGF-beta signaling pathway" suggests their potential involvement in regulating biological processes. The circRNA-miRNA-mRNA interaction networks of DECs revealed rno-circ-2239 (micu2) as the largest node, indicating that the rno-circ-2239-miRNA-mRNA-mediated network may play a critical role in the pathogenesis of SSCI-induced NB. Conclusions This study offers a comprehensive outlook on the possible roles of DEMs and DECs in bladder fibrosis and NB progression following SSCI. These findings have the potential to serve as novel biomarkers and therapeutic targets.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jimeng Ruan
- Department of Urology, Xuanwu Hospital Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Xin Cui
- Department of Urology, Xuanwu Hospital Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Hao Yan
- Department of Urology, Xuanwu Hospital Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Chunsong Jia
- Department of Urology, Xuanwu Hospital Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Tongwen Ou
- Department of Urology, Xuanwu Hospital Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Zhenhua Shang
- Department of Urology, Xuanwu Hospital Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
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Ding J, Wang H, Hou R, Shi Y, Fan H, Li Y, Mei J, Zhang Q, Ruan T, Xu J. Total T Cell Density and Expression of T Memory Stem Cell Markers are Associated with Better Prognosis in Colon Cancer. Int J Gen Med 2023; 16:2285-2294. [PMID: 37304906 PMCID: PMC10254622 DOI: 10.2147/ijgm.s411122] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2023] [Accepted: 05/29/2023] [Indexed: 06/13/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Immune checkpoint inhibitors have achieved limited clinical effectiveness in colon cancer. Stem memory T cells (TSCMs) and in-situ cytotoxic T cells are dominant contributors to host immunity. Currently, data on the correlation between TSCM and T cell abundance and clinicopathological characteristics in colon cancer are largely unavailable. Methods In-situ cytotoxic T cells are identified based on the quantification of CD3+ and CD8+ markers using immunohistochemistry (IHC) in the core of the tumor and the invasive margin of the tumor. The expression of representative markers of TSCMs, CD27 and CD95, was assayed using IHC in colon cancer tissues. Correlations between the levels of each marker and the clinicopathological characteristics as well as prognosis were evaluated. Results High densities of CD3+ and CD8+ T cells correlated with stage I-II tumors, whereas a lower infiltration of cytotoxic T cells correlated with advanced-stage tumors. CD27 and CD95 were both expressed in the membrane of T cells present in the tumor stroma and their levels showed a negative correlation with the TNM stage. CD3, CD8, and CD27 were expressed at the same locations simultaneously, indicating their coordinated action against cancer. In addition, cytotoxic T cell densities and CD27 and CD95 expression remained independent prognostic factors for overall survival. Conclusion In-situ cytotoxic T cells and TSCMs play important roles in colon cancer development. TSCMs marker CD27 and CD95 were both indicators of survival in patients with colon cancer. Thus, it is believed that TSCMs represent a desirable population for future use in combination immunotherapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Junli Ding
- Department of Oncology, The Affiliated Wuxi People’s Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Wuxi, 214023, People’s Republic of China
| | - Hao Wang
- Department of Oncology, The Affiliated Wuxi People’s Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Wuxi, 214023, People’s Republic of China
| | - Rui Hou
- Department of Oncology, The Affiliated Wuxi People’s Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Wuxi, 214023, People’s Republic of China
| | - Yuxin Shi
- Department of Oncology, The Affiliated Wuxi People’s Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Wuxi, 214023, People’s Republic of China
| | - Honghong Fan
- Department of Oncology, The Affiliated Wuxi People’s Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Wuxi, 214023, People’s Republic of China
| | - Yuting Li
- Department of Oncology, The Affiliated Wuxi People’s Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Wuxi, 214023, People’s Republic of China
| | - Jie Mei
- Department of Oncology, The Affiliated Wuxi People’s Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Wuxi, 214023, People’s Republic of China
| | - Qinglin Zhang
- Department of Gastroenterology, The Affiliated Wuxi People’s Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Wuxi, 214023, People’s Republic of China
| | - Tingyan Ruan
- Department of Oncology, The Affiliated Wuxi People’s Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Wuxi, 214023, People’s Republic of China
| | - Junying Xu
- Department of Oncology, The Affiliated Wuxi People’s Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Wuxi, 214023, People’s Republic of China
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Mei J, Cai Y, Wang H, Xu R, Zhou J, Lu J, Yang X, Pan J, Liu C, Xu J, Zhu Y. Formin protein DIAPH1 positively regulates PD-L1 expression and predicts the therapeutic response to anti-PD-1/PD-L1 immunotherapy. Clin Immunol 2023; 246:109204. [PMID: 36503156 DOI: 10.1016/j.clim.2022.109204] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/25/2022] [Revised: 11/06/2022] [Accepted: 12/06/2022] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Formins are evolutionarily conserved genes and profoundly affect cancer progression. This study aims to explore the expressions, prognostic values, and immunological correlations of Formins in cancer. Specific Formins were dysregulated and immuno-biologically correlated in breast cancer (BRCA). Formins showed different expression patterns, namely some were enriched in immune cells while some were enriched in tumor cells. Among all Formins, DIAPH1 was enriched in tumor cells and associated with an inflamed tumor microenvironment (TME). DIAPH1 functioned as an oncogene in BRCA and mediated TGF-β1-induced epithelial-mesenchymal transformation (EMT) and PD-L1 expression. Moreover, DIAPH1 was overexpressed in most cancers and functioned as a novel pan-cancer immuno-marker, which could predict the response to anti-PD-1/PD-L1 immunotherapy. Overall, DIAPH1 functions as an oncogene and is immunologically correlated, which could be utilized as an alternative biomarker for predicting the immunotherapeutic response.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jie Mei
- Department of Oncology, The Affiliated Wuxi People's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Wuxi 214023, Jiangsu, China; Wuxi College of Clinical Medicine, Nanjing Medical University, Wuxi 214023, Jiangsu, China.
| | - Yun Cai
- Wuxi College of Clinical Medicine, Nanjing Medical University, Wuxi 214023, Jiangsu, China
| | - Huiyu Wang
- Department of Oncology, The Affiliated Wuxi People's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Wuxi 214023, Jiangsu, China
| | - Rui Xu
- The First College of Clinical Medicine, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 211166, Jiangsu, China
| | - Jiaofeng Zhou
- Department of Physiology, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 211166, Jiangsu, China
| | - Jiahui Lu
- Department of Oncology, The Affiliated Wuxi People's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Wuxi 214023, Jiangsu, China
| | - Xuejing Yang
- Department of Oncology, The Affiliated Wuxi People's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Wuxi 214023, Jiangsu, China
| | - Jiadong Pan
- Wuxi College of Clinical Medicine, Nanjing Medical University, Wuxi 214023, Jiangsu, China
| | - Chaoying Liu
- Department of Oncology, The Affiliated Wuxi People's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Wuxi 214023, Jiangsu, China.
| | - Junying Xu
- Department of Oncology, The Affiliated Wuxi People's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Wuxi 214023, Jiangsu, China.
| | - Yichao Zhu
- Department of Physiology, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 211166, Jiangsu, China.
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Opposing roles of ZEB1 in the cytoplasm and nucleus control cytoskeletal assembly and YAP1 activity. Cell Rep 2022; 41:111452. [DOI: 10.1016/j.celrep.2022.111452] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2022] [Revised: 07/12/2022] [Accepted: 09/14/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
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Ahangar P, Cowin AJ. Reforming the Barrier: The Role of Formins in Wound Repair. Cells 2022; 11:cells11182779. [PMID: 36139355 PMCID: PMC9496773 DOI: 10.3390/cells11182779] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/19/2022] [Revised: 09/02/2022] [Accepted: 09/02/2022] [Indexed: 12/04/2022] Open
Abstract
The restoration of an intact epidermal barrier after wound injury is the culmination of a highly complex and exquisitely regulated physiological process involving multiple cells and tissues, overlapping dynamic events and protein synthesis and regulation. Central to this process is the cytoskeleton, a system of intracellular proteins that are instrumental in regulating important processes involved in wound repair including chemotaxis, cytokinesis, proliferation, migration, and phagocytosis. One highly conserved family of cytoskeletal proteins that are emerging as major regulators of actin and microtubule nucleation, polymerization, and stabilization are the formins. The formin family includes 15 different proteins categorized into seven subfamilies based on three formin homology domains (FH1, FH2, and FH3). The formins themselves are regulated in different ways including autoinhibition, activation, and localization by a range of proteins, including Rho GTPases. Herein, we describe the roles and effects of the formin family of cytoskeletal proteins on the fundamental process of wound healing and highlight recent advances relating to their important functions, mechanisms, and regulation at the molecular and cellular levels.
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Lind T, Melo FR, Gustafson AM, Sundqvist A, Zhao XO, Moustakas A, Melhus H, Pejler G. Mast Cell Chymase Has a Negative Impact on Human Osteoblasts. Matrix Biol 2022; 112:1-19. [PMID: 35908613 DOI: 10.1016/j.matbio.2022.07.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/21/2022] [Revised: 07/07/2022] [Accepted: 07/26/2022] [Indexed: 10/16/2022]
Abstract
Mast cells have been linked to osteoporosis and bone fractures, and in a previous study we found that mice lacking a major mast cell protease, chymase, develop increased diaphyseal bone mass. These findings introduce the possibility that mast cell chymase can regulate bone formation, but the underlying mechanism(s) has not previously been investigated. Here we hypothesized that chymase might exert such effects through a direct negative impact on osteoblasts, i.e., the main bone-building cells. Indeed, we show that chymase has a distinct impact on human primary osteoblasts. Firstly, chymase was shown to have pronounced effects on the morphological features of osteoblasts, including extensive cell contraction and actin reorganization. Chymase also caused a profound reduction in the output of collagen from the osteoblasts, and was shown to degrade osteoblast-secreted fibronectin and to activate pro-matrix metallopeptidase-2 released by the osteoblasts. Further, chymase was shown to have a preferential impact on the gene expression, protein output and phosphorylation status of TGFβ-associated signaling molecules. A transcriptomic analysis was conducted and revealed a significant effect of chymase on several genes of importance for bone metabolism, including a reduction in the expression of osteoprotegerin, which was confirmed at the protein level. Finally, we show that chymase interacts with human osteoblasts and is taken up by the cells. Altogether, the present findings provide a functional link between mast cell chymase and osteoblast function, and can form the basis for a further evaluation of chymase as a potential target for intervention in metabolic bone diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thomas Lind
- Uppsala University Hospital, Department of Medical Sciences, Section of Clinical Pharmacology, Uppsala, Sweden.
| | - Fabio Rabelo Melo
- Uppsala University, Department of Medical Biochemistry and Microbiology, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Ann-Marie Gustafson
- Uppsala University Hospital, Department of Medical Sciences, Section of Clinical Pharmacology, Uppsala, Sweden; Uppsala University, Department of Medical Biochemistry and Microbiology, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Anders Sundqvist
- Uppsala University, Department of Medical Biochemistry and Microbiology, Science for Life Laboratory, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Xinran O Zhao
- Uppsala University, Department of Medical Biochemistry and Microbiology, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Aristidis Moustakas
- Uppsala University, Department of Medical Biochemistry and Microbiology, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Håkan Melhus
- Uppsala University Hospital, Department of Medical Sciences, Section of Clinical Pharmacology, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Gunnar Pejler
- Uppsala University, Department of Medical Biochemistry and Microbiology, Uppsala, Sweden
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Aloisio FM, Barber DL. Arp2/3 complex activity is necessary for mouse ESC differentiation, times formative pluripotency, and enables lineage specification. Stem Cell Reports 2022; 17:1318-1333. [PMID: 35658973 PMCID: PMC9214060 DOI: 10.1016/j.stemcr.2022.05.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2021] [Revised: 05/04/2022] [Accepted: 05/05/2022] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Mouse embryonic stem cells (mESCs), a model for differentiation into primed epiblast-like cells (EpiLCs), have revealed transcriptional and epigenetic control of early embryonic development. The control and significance of morphological changes, however, remain less defined. We show marked changes in morphology and actin architectures during differentiation that depend on Arp2/3 complex but not formin activity. Inhibiting Arp2/3 complex activity pharmacologically or genetically does not block exit from naive pluripotency, but attenuates increases in EpiLC markers. We find that inhibiting Arp2/3 complex activity delays formative pluripotency and causes globally defective lineage specification as indicated by RNA sequencing, with significant effects on TBX3-depedendent transcriptional programs. We also identify two previously unreported indicators of mESC differentiation, namely, MRTF and FHL2, which have inverse Arp2/3 complex-dependent nuclear translocation. Our findings on Arp2/3 complex activity in differentiation and the established role of formins in EMT indicate that these two actin nucleators regulate distinct modes of epithelial plasticity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Francesca M Aloisio
- Department of Cell & Tissue Biology, University of California San Francisco, Box 0512, 513 Parnassus Ave., San Francisco, CA 94143, USA
| | - Diane L Barber
- Department of Cell & Tissue Biology, University of California San Francisco, Box 0512, 513 Parnassus Ave., San Francisco, CA 94143, USA.
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Greaves D, Calle Y. Epithelial Mesenchymal Transition (EMT) and Associated Invasive Adhesions in Solid and Haematological Tumours. Cells 2022; 11:649. [PMID: 35203300 PMCID: PMC8869945 DOI: 10.3390/cells11040649] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/13/2022] [Revised: 02/07/2022] [Accepted: 02/08/2022] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
In solid tumours, cancer cells that undergo epithelial mesenchymal transition (EMT) express characteristic gene expression signatures that promote invasive migration as well as the development of stemness, immunosuppression and drug/radiotherapy resistance, contributing to the formation of currently untreatable metastatic tumours. The cancer traits associated with EMT can be controlled by the signalling nodes at characteristic adhesion sites (focal contacts, invadopodia and microtentacles) where the regulation of cell migration, cell cycle progression and pro-survival signalling converge. In haematological tumours, ample evidence accumulated during the last decade indicates that the development of an EMT-like phenotype is indicative of poor disease prognosis. However, this EMT phenotype has not been directly linked to the assembly of specific forms of adhesions. In the current review we discuss the role of EMT in haematological malignancies and examine its possible link with the progression towards more invasive and aggressive forms of these tumours. We also review the known types of adhesions formed by haematological malignancies and speculate on their possible connection with the EMT phenotype. We postulate that understanding the architecture and regulation of EMT-related adhesions will lead to the discovery of new therapeutic interventions to overcome disease progression and resistance to therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Yolanda Calle
- School of Life Sciences and Health, University of Roehampton, London SW15 4JD, UK;
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Mergault C, Lisée F, Tiroille V, Magnien M, Parent C, Lenga Mabonda W, Sizaret D, Jaillet M, Crestani B, Marchand-Adam S, Plantier L. Inhibition of the Arp2/3 complex represses human lung myofibroblast differentiation and attenuates bleomycin-induced pulmonary fibrosis. Br J Pharmacol 2021; 179:125-140. [PMID: 34453744 DOI: 10.1111/bph.15675] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/01/2020] [Revised: 05/20/2021] [Accepted: 08/05/2021] [Indexed: 01/19/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE The Arp2/3 multiprotein complex regulates branched polymerisation of the actin cytoskeleton and may contribute to collagen synthesis and fibrogenesis in the lung. EXPERIMENTAL APPROACH Expression of Arp2/3 components was assessed in human lung fibroblasts and in the bleomycin-induced pulmonary fibrosis model in mice. The Arp2/3 complex was repressed with the allosteric inhibitor CK666 and with interfering RNAs targeting the ARP2, ARP3 and ARPC2 subunits (siARP2, siARP3 and siARPC2) in CCD-16Lu human lung fibroblasts in vitro. Mice received daily intraperitoneal injections of CK666 from the 7th to the 14th day after tracheal bleomycin instillation. KEY RESULTS Expression of Arp2/3 complex subunits mRNAs was increased in fibroblasts treated with TGF-β1 and in the lungs of bleomycin-treated mice compared with controls. In vitro, CK666 and siARPC2 inhibited cell growth and TGF-β1-induced α-smooth muscle actin (ACTA2) and collagen-1 (COL1) expression. CK666 also decreased ACTA2 and COL1 expression in unstimulated cells. CK666 reduced Akt phosphorylation and repressed phospho-GSK3β, β-catenin and MRTF-A levels in unstimulated fibroblasts. In vivo, CK666 reduced levels of both procollagen-1 and insoluble collagen in bleomycin-treated mice. CONCLUSION AND IMPLICATIONS Expression of the Arp2/3 complex was increased in profibrotic environments in vitro and in vivo. Inhibition of the Arp2/3 complex repressed ACTA2 and COL1 expression and repressed an Akt/phospho-GSK3β/β-catenin/MRTF-A pathway in lung fibroblasts. CK666 exerted antifibrotic properties in the lung in vivo. Inhibition of the Arp2/3 complex could represent an interesting new therapy for idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis and other fibrotic interstitial lung diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Coralie Mergault
- Centre d'Etudes des Pathologies Respiratoires, Inserm UMR1100, Tours, France.,Université de Tours, Tours, France
| | - Fanny Lisée
- Centre d'Etudes des Pathologies Respiratoires, Inserm UMR1100, Tours, France.,Université de Tours, Tours, France
| | - Victor Tiroille
- Centre d'Etudes des Pathologies Respiratoires, Inserm UMR1100, Tours, France.,Université de Tours, Tours, France
| | - Mélia Magnien
- Centre d'Etudes des Pathologies Respiratoires, Inserm UMR1100, Tours, France.,Université de Tours, Tours, France
| | - Christelle Parent
- Centre d'Etudes des Pathologies Respiratoires, Inserm UMR1100, Tours, France
| | - Woodys Lenga Mabonda
- Centre d'Etudes des Pathologies Respiratoires, Inserm UMR1100, Tours, France.,Université de Tours, Tours, France
| | - Damien Sizaret
- CHRU de Tours, Service d'Anatomie Pathologique, Tours, France
| | | | - Bruno Crestani
- Université de Paris, Inserm UMR1152, Labex Inflamex, Paris, France.,Service de Pneumologie A, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris, Hôpital Bichat-Claude Bernard, Paris, France
| | - Sylvain Marchand-Adam
- Centre d'Etudes des Pathologies Respiratoires, Inserm UMR1100, Tours, France.,Université de Tours, Tours, France.,CHRU de Tours, Service de Pneumologie et Explorations Fonctionnelles Respiratoires, Tours, France
| | - Laurent Plantier
- Centre d'Etudes des Pathologies Respiratoires, Inserm UMR1100, Tours, France.,Université de Tours, Tours, France.,CHRU de Tours, Service de Pneumologie et Explorations Fonctionnelles Respiratoires, Tours, France
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Le HQ, Hill MA, Kollak I, Keck M, Schroeder V, Wirth J, Skronska‐Wasek W, Schruf E, Strobel B, Stahl H, Herrmann FE, Campos AR, Li J, Quast K, Knebel D, Viollet C, Thomas MJ, Lamb D, Garnett JP. An EZH2-dependent transcriptional complex promotes aberrant epithelial remodelling after injury. EMBO Rep 2021; 22:e52785. [PMID: 34224201 PMCID: PMC8339687 DOI: 10.15252/embr.202152785] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/04/2021] [Revised: 06/05/2021] [Accepted: 06/10/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Unveiling the molecular mechanisms of tissue remodelling following injury is imperative to elucidate its regenerative capacity and aberrant repair in disease. Using different omics approaches, we identified enhancer of zester homolog 2 (EZH2) as a key regulator of fibrosis in injured lung epithelium. Epithelial injury drives an enrichment of nuclear transforming growth factor-β-activated kinase 1 (TAK1) that mediates EZH2 phosphorylation to facilitate its liberation from polycomb repressive complex 2 (PRC2). This process results in the establishment of a transcriptional complex of EZH2, RNA-polymerase II (POL2) and nuclear actin, which orchestrates aberrant epithelial repair programmes. The liberation of EZH2 from PRC2 is accompanied by an EZH2-EZH1 switch to preserve H3K27me3 deposition at non-target genes. Loss of epithelial TAK1, EZH2 or blocking nuclear actin influx attenuates the fibrotic cascade and restores respiratory homeostasis. Accordingly, EZH2 inhibition significantly improves outcomes in a pulmonary fibrosis mouse model. Our results reveal an important non-canonical function of EZH2, paving the way for new therapeutic interventions in fibrotic lung diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huy Q Le
- Lung Repair & Regeneration DepartmentBoehringer Ingelheim Pharma GmbH & Co. KGBiberachGermany
| | - Matthew A Hill
- Lung Repair & Regeneration DepartmentBoehringer Ingelheim Pharma GmbH & Co. KGBiberachGermany
- University of BathBathUK
| | - Ines Kollak
- Lung Repair & Regeneration DepartmentBoehringer Ingelheim Pharma GmbH & Co. KGBiberachGermany
| | - Martina Keck
- Lung Repair & Regeneration DepartmentBoehringer Ingelheim Pharma GmbH & Co. KGBiberachGermany
| | - Victoria Schroeder
- Lung Repair & Regeneration DepartmentBoehringer Ingelheim Pharma GmbH & Co. KGBiberachGermany
| | - Johannes Wirth
- Lung Repair & Regeneration DepartmentBoehringer Ingelheim Pharma GmbH & Co. KGBiberachGermany
| | - Wioletta Skronska‐Wasek
- Lung Repair & Regeneration DepartmentBoehringer Ingelheim Pharma GmbH & Co. KGBiberachGermany
| | - Eva Schruf
- Lung Repair & Regeneration DepartmentBoehringer Ingelheim Pharma GmbH & Co. KGBiberachGermany
| | - Benjamin Strobel
- Drug Discovery SciencesBoehringer Ingelheim Pharma GmbH & Co. KGBiberachGermany
| | - Heiko Stahl
- Lung Repair & Regeneration DepartmentBoehringer Ingelheim Pharma GmbH & Co. KGBiberachGermany
| | - Franziska E Herrmann
- Lung Repair & Regeneration DepartmentBoehringer Ingelheim Pharma GmbH & Co. KGBiberachGermany
| | | | - Jun Li
- Immunology and Respiratory Disease Research DepartmentBoehringer Ingelheim Pharmaceuticals, IncRidgefieldCTUSA
| | - Karsten Quast
- Global Computational Biology and Digital SciencesBoehringer Ingelheim Pharma GmbH & Co. KGBiberachGermany
| | - Dagmar Knebel
- Global Computational Biology and Digital SciencesBoehringer Ingelheim Pharma GmbH & Co. KGBiberachGermany
| | - Coralie Viollet
- Global Computational Biology and Digital SciencesBoehringer Ingelheim Pharma GmbH & Co. KGBiberachGermany
| | - Matthew J Thomas
- Lung Repair & Regeneration DepartmentBoehringer Ingelheim Pharma GmbH & Co. KGBiberachGermany
- University of BathBathUK
| | - David Lamb
- Lung Repair & Regeneration DepartmentBoehringer Ingelheim Pharma GmbH & Co. KGBiberachGermany
| | - James P Garnett
- Lung Repair & Regeneration DepartmentBoehringer Ingelheim Pharma GmbH & Co. KGBiberachGermany
- Translational and Clinical Research InstituteNewcastle UniversityNewcastleUK
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12
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Chen HM, MacDonald JA. Network analysis identifies DAPK3 as a potential biomarker for lymphatic invasion and colon adenocarcinoma prognosis. iScience 2021; 24:102831. [PMID: 34368650 PMCID: PMC8326195 DOI: 10.1016/j.isci.2021.102831] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/11/2021] [Revised: 06/04/2021] [Accepted: 07/07/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Colon adenocarcinoma is a prevalent malignancy with significant mortality. Hence, the identification of molecular biomarkers with prognostic significance is important for improved treatment and patient outcomes. Clinical traits and RNA-Seq of 551 patient samples in the UCSC Toil Recompute Compendium of The Cancer Genome Atlas TARGET and Genotype Tissue Expression project datasets (primary_site = colon) were used for weighted gene co-expression network analysis to reveal the association between gene networks and cancer cell invasion. One module, containing 151 genes, was significantly correlated with lymphatic invasion, a histopathological feature of higher risk colon cancer. DAPK3 (death-associated protein kinase 3) was identified as the pseudohub of the module. Gene ontology identified gene enrichment related to cytoskeletal organization and apoptotic signaling processes, suggesting modular involvement in tumor cell survival, migration, and epithelial-mesenchymal transformation. Although DAPK3 expression was reduced in patients with colon cancer, high expression of DAPK3 was significantly correlated with greater lymphatic invasion and poor overall survival. WCGNA reveals a gene module linked to lymphatic invasion in colon adenocarcinoma DAPK3 is a pseudohub gene with differential expression in colon cancer Gene ontology identified relationships to cytoskeletal organization and apoptosis DAPK3 was correlated with lymphatic invasion and poor overall survival
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Affiliation(s)
- Huey-Miin Chen
- Department of Biochemistry & Molecular Biology, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, 3280 Hospital Drive NW, Calgary, AB T2N 4Z6, Canada
| | - Justin A MacDonald
- Department of Biochemistry & Molecular Biology, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, 3280 Hospital Drive NW, Calgary, AB T2N 4Z6, Canada
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13
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Rabbolini D, Liang HPH, Morel-Kopp MC, Connor D, Whittaker S, Dunkley S, Donikian D, Kondo M, Chen W, Stevenson WS, Campbell H, Joseph J, Ward C, Brighton T, Chen VM. Building platelet phenotypes: diaphanous-related formin 1 (DIAPH1)-related disorder. Platelets 2021; 33:432-442. [PMID: 34223798 DOI: 10.1080/09537104.2021.1937593] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
Variants of the Diaphanous-Related Formin 1 (DIAPH-1) gene have recently been reported causing inherited macrothrombocytopenia. The essential/"diagnostic" characteristics associated with the disorder are emerging; however, robust and complete criteria are not established. Here, we report the first cases of DIAPH1-related disorder in Australia caused by the autosomal dominant gain-of-function DIAPH1 R1213X variant formed by truncation of the protein within the diaphanous auto-regulatory domain (DAD) with loss of regulatory motifs responsible for autoinhibitory interactions within the DIAPH1 protein. We affirm phenotypic changes induced by the DIAPH1 R1213X variant to include macrothrombocytopenia, early-onset progressive sensorineural hearing loss, and mild asymptomatic neutropenia. High-resolution microscopy confirms perturbations of cytoskeletal dynamics caused by the DIAPH1 variant and we extend the repertoire of changes generated by this variant to include alteration of procoagulant platelet formation and possible dental anomalies.
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Affiliation(s)
- David Rabbolini
- Department of Haematology, Lismore Base Hospital, Lismore, NSW, Australia.,Northern Blood Research Centre, Kolling Institute of Medical Research, University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Hai Po Helena Liang
- Platelets, Thrombosis and Cancer Research Laboratory, ANZAC Research Institute and Concord Repatriation Hospital, Concord, NSW, Australia
| | - Marie-Christine Morel-Kopp
- Northern Blood Research Centre, Kolling Institute of Medical Research, University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - David Connor
- St Vincent's Centre for Applied Medical Research, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Shane Whittaker
- Platelets, Thrombosis and Cancer Research Laboratory, ANZAC Research Institute and Concord Repatriation Hospital, Concord, NSW, Australia
| | - Scott Dunkley
- Department of Haematology, The Royal Prince Alfred Hospital, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Dea Donikian
- Department of Haematology, Prince of Wales Hospital, Sydney, NSW, Australia.,Haematology NSW Health Pathology Randwick, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Mayuko Kondo
- Department of Haematology, Prince of Wales Hospital, Sydney, NSW, Australia.,Haematology NSW Health Pathology Randwick, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Walter Chen
- Northern Blood Research Centre, Kolling Institute of Medical Research, University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - William S Stevenson
- Northern Blood Research Centre, Kolling Institute of Medical Research, University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia.,Department of Haematology and Transfusion Medicine, Royal North Shore Hospital, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Heather Campbell
- Platelets, Thrombosis and Cancer Research Laboratory, ANZAC Research Institute and Concord Repatriation Hospital, Concord, NSW, Australia
| | - Joanne Joseph
- St Vincent's Centre for Applied Medical Research, Sydney, NSW, Australia.,Department of Haematology, St Vincent's Hospital, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Christopher Ward
- Northern Blood Research Centre, Kolling Institute of Medical Research, University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia.,Department of Haematology and Transfusion Medicine, Royal North Shore Hospital, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Timothy Brighton
- Department of Haematology, Prince of Wales Hospital, Sydney, NSW, Australia.,Haematology NSW Health Pathology Randwick, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Vivien M Chen
- Platelets, Thrombosis and Cancer Research Laboratory, ANZAC Research Institute and Concord Repatriation Hospital, Concord, NSW, Australia.,Department of Haematology, Concord Repatriation General Hospital, Sydney, NSW, Australia
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14
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Pardo-Sánchez JM, Mancheño N, Cerón J, Jordá C, Ansotegui E, Juan Ó, Palanca S, Cremades A, Gandía C, Farràs R. Increased Tumor Growth Rate and Mesenchymal Properties of NSCLC-Patient-Derived Xenograft Models during Serial Transplantation. Cancers (Basel) 2021; 13:cancers13122980. [PMID: 34198671 PMCID: PMC8232339 DOI: 10.3390/cancers13122980] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2021] [Revised: 06/06/2021] [Accepted: 06/09/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC) is the leading cause of cancer death worldwide. The high mortality is very often a consequence of its late diagnosis when the cancer is already locally advanced or has disseminated. Advances in the study of NSCLC tumors have been achieved by using in vivo models, such as patient-derived xenografts. Apart from drug screening, this approach may also be useful for study of the biology of the tumors. In the present study, surgically resected primary lung cancer samples (n = 33) were implanted in immunodeficient mice, and nine were engrafted successfully, including seven adenocarcinomas, one squamous-cell carcinoma, and one large-cell carcinoma. ADC tumors bearing the KRAS-G12C mutation were the most frequently engrafted in our PDX collection. Protein expression of vimentin, ezrin, and Ki67 were evaluated in NSCLC primary tumors and during serial transplantation by immunohistochemistry, using H-score. Our data indicated a more suitable environment for solid adenocarcinoma, compared to other lung tumor subtypes, to grow and preserve its architecture in mice, and a correlation between higher vimentin and ezrin expression in solid adenocarcinomas. A correlation between high vimentin expression and lung adenocarcinoma tumors bearing KRAS-G12C mutation was also observed. In addition, tumor evolution towards more proliferative and mesenchymal phenotypes was already observed in early PDX tumor passages. These PDX models provide a valuable platform for biomarker discovery and drug screening against tumor growth and EMT for lung cancer translational research.
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Affiliation(s)
- José Miguel Pardo-Sánchez
- Oncogenic Signalling Laboratory, Centro de Investigación Príncipe Felipe, 46012 Valencia, Spain; (J.M.P.-S.); (C.G.)
| | - Nuria Mancheño
- Department of Pathology, University and Polytechnic La Fe Hospital, 46026 Valencia, Spain;
| | - José Cerón
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, University and Polytechnic La Fe Hospital, 46026 Valencia, Spain; (J.C.); (C.J.)
| | - Carlos Jordá
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, University and Polytechnic La Fe Hospital, 46026 Valencia, Spain; (J.C.); (C.J.)
| | - Emilio Ansotegui
- Department of Pulmonology, University and Polytechnic La Fe Hospital, 46026 Valencia, Spain;
| | - Óscar Juan
- Department of Medical Oncology, University and Polytechnic La Fe Hospital, 46026 Valencia, Spain;
| | - Sarai Palanca
- Molecular Biology Unit, Service of Clinical Analysis, University and Polytechnic La Fe Hospital, 46026 Valencia, Spain;
| | - Antonio Cremades
- Department of Pathology, Hospital Universitario de la Ribera, 46600 Alzira, Spain;
| | - Carolina Gandía
- Oncogenic Signalling Laboratory, Centro de Investigación Príncipe Felipe, 46012 Valencia, Spain; (J.M.P.-S.); (C.G.)
| | - Rosa Farràs
- Oncogenic Signalling Laboratory, Centro de Investigación Príncipe Felipe, 46012 Valencia, Spain; (J.M.P.-S.); (C.G.)
- Correspondence:
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15
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Li Y, Wang J, Zhong W. Regulation and mechanism of YAP/TAZ in the mechanical microenvironment of stem cells (Review). Mol Med Rep 2021; 24:506. [PMID: 33982785 PMCID: PMC8134874 DOI: 10.3892/mmr.2021.12145] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/06/2019] [Accepted: 02/02/2021] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Stem cells receive cues from their physical and mechanical microenvironment via mechanosensing and mechanotransduction. These cues affect proliferation, self‑renewal and differentiation into specific cell fates. A growing body of evidence suggests that yes‑associated protein (YAP) and transcriptional coactivator with PDZ‑binding motif (TAZ) mechanotransduction is key for driving stem cell behavior and regeneration via the Hippo and other signaling pathways. YAP/TAZ receive a range of physical cues, including extracellular matrix stiffness, cell geometry, flow shear stress and mechanical forces in the cytoskeleton, and translate them into cell‑specific transcriptional programs. However, the mechanism by which mechanical signals regulate YAP/TAZ activity in stem cells is not fully understand. The present review summarizes the current knowledge of the mechanisms involved in YAP/TAZ regulation on the physical and mechanical microenvironment, as well as its potential effects on stem cell differentiation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ying Li
- Department of Orthopaedics Surgery, First Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Dalian, Liaoning 116011, P.R. China
| | - Jinming Wang
- Department of Orthopaedics Surgery, First Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Dalian, Liaoning 116011, P.R. China
| | - Weiliang Zhong
- Department of Orthopaedics Surgery, First Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Dalian, Liaoning 116011, P.R. China
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16
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Liu W, Gu R, Lou Y, He C, Zhang Q, Li D. Emodin-induced autophagic cell death hinders epithelial-mesenchymal transition via regulation of BMP-7/TGF-β1 in renal fibrosis. J Pharmacol Sci 2021; 146:216-225. [PMID: 34116735 DOI: 10.1016/j.jphs.2021.03.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2020] [Revised: 03/24/2021] [Accepted: 03/30/2021] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
We aim to explore the effects of emodin and its mechanisms on renal fibrosis (RF). We firstly modeled adriamycin-induced rat RF with unilateral nephrectomy. In vivo and in vitro pharmacological experiments were performed in this study. The presence of collagen deposition was detected by Masson staining. To verify whether emodin attenuates RF by monitoring autophagy, the immunohistochemistry staining for autophagy protein LC3B was performed. We conducted western blot to detect the expression of the autophagy-related proteins in EMT in vitro model after treating with emotin and BMP-7. In vivo, we demonstrated that emodin could improve renal dysfunction and decrease pathological damage of the kidney by activation of autophagy and inhibition of EMT. Upregulation of BMP-7 was recorded in the RF rats subjected to emodin treatment. In vitro studies, emodin has the capacity of reversing EMT and activating autophagy, and emodin could regulate the expression of BMP-7. The results revealed that the attenuation of EMT by emodin could be blocked after the inhibition of BMP-7 and suppression of autophagy. Our findings demonstrated that emodin alleviates EMT during RF by actuating autophagy through BMP-7, suggesting a role of BMP-7 in RF treatment and prevention.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei Liu
- Department of Urology Surgery, PuTuo Hospital, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, 200062, PR China
| | - Renze Gu
- Department of Urology Surgery, PuTuo Hospital, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, 200062, PR China
| | - Yujiao Lou
- Department of Urology Surgery, PuTuo Hospital, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, 200062, PR China
| | - Chunfeng He
- Department of Urology Surgery, PuTuo Hospital, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, 200062, PR China
| | - Qingchuan Zhang
- Department of Urology Surgery, PuTuo Hospital, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, 200062, PR China.
| | - Dongmei Li
- Department of Pediatrics, Shanghai 9th People's Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200011, PR China.
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17
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Melchionna R, Trono P, Tocci A, Nisticò P. Actin Cytoskeleton and Regulation of TGFβ Signaling: Exploring Their Links. Biomolecules 2021; 11:biom11020336. [PMID: 33672325 PMCID: PMC7926735 DOI: 10.3390/biom11020336] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2021] [Revised: 02/15/2021] [Accepted: 02/20/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Human tissues, to maintain their architecture and function, respond to injuries by activating intricate biochemical and physical mechanisms that regulates intercellular communication crucial in maintaining tissue homeostasis. Coordination of the communication occurs through the activity of different actin cytoskeletal regulators, physically connected to extracellular matrix through integrins, generating a platform of biochemical and biomechanical signaling that is deregulated in cancer. Among the major pathways, a controller of cellular functions is the cytokine transforming growth factor β (TGFβ), which remains a complex and central signaling network still to be interpreted and explained in cancer progression. Here, we discuss the link between actin dynamics and TGFβ signaling with the aim of exploring their aberrant interaction in cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Roberta Melchionna
- Tumor Immunology and Immunotherapy Unit, IRCCS Regina Elena National Cancer Institute, via Chianesi 53, 00144 Rome, Italy; (R.M.); (P.T.); (A.T.)
| | - Paola Trono
- Tumor Immunology and Immunotherapy Unit, IRCCS Regina Elena National Cancer Institute, via Chianesi 53, 00144 Rome, Italy; (R.M.); (P.T.); (A.T.)
- Institute of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, National Research Council, via Ramarini 32, 00015 Monterotondo Scalo, Rome, Italy
| | - Annalisa Tocci
- Tumor Immunology and Immunotherapy Unit, IRCCS Regina Elena National Cancer Institute, via Chianesi 53, 00144 Rome, Italy; (R.M.); (P.T.); (A.T.)
| | - Paola Nisticò
- Tumor Immunology and Immunotherapy Unit, IRCCS Regina Elena National Cancer Institute, via Chianesi 53, 00144 Rome, Italy; (R.M.); (P.T.); (A.T.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +39-0652662539
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18
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Liu Y, Mei Y, Han X, Korobova FV, Prado MA, Yang J, Peng Z, Paulo JA, Gygi SP, Finley D, Ji P. Membrane skeleton modulates erythroid proteome remodeling and organelle clearance. Blood 2021; 137:398-409. [PMID: 33036023 PMCID: PMC7819763 DOI: 10.1182/blood.2020006673] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2020] [Accepted: 09/22/2020] [Indexed: 01/26/2023] Open
Abstract
The final stages of mammalian erythropoiesis involve enucleation, membrane and proteome remodeling, and organelle clearance. Concomitantly, the erythroid membrane skeleton establishes a unique pseudohexagonal spectrin meshwork that is connected to the membrane through junctional complexes. The mechanism and signaling pathways involved in the coordination of these processes are unclear. The results of our study revealed an unexpected role of the membrane skeleton in the modulation of proteome remodeling and organelle clearance during the final stages of erythropoiesis. We found that diaphanous-related formin mDia2 is a master regulator of the integrity of the membrane skeleton through polymerization of actin protofilament in the junctional complex. The mDia2-deficient terminal erythroid cell contained a disorganized and rigid membrane skeleton that was ineffective in detaching the extruded nucleus. In addition, the disrupted skeleton failed to activate the endosomal sorting complex required for transport-III (ESCRT-III) complex, which led to a global defect in proteome remodeling, endolysosomal trafficking, and autophagic organelle clearance. Chmp5, a component of the ESCRT-III complex, is regulated by mDia2-dependent activation of the serum response factor and is essential for membrane remodeling and autophagosome-lysosome fusion. Mice with loss of Chmp5 in hematopoietic cells in vivo resembled the phenotypes in mDia2-knockout mice. Furthermore, overexpression of Chmp5 in mDia2-deficient hematopoietic stem and progenitor cells significantly restored terminal erythropoiesis in vivo. These findings reveal a formin-regulated signaling pathway that connects the membrane skeleton to proteome remodeling, enucleation, and organelle clearance during terminal erythropoiesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yijie Liu
- Department of Pathology, Feinberg School of Medicine
- Robert H. Lurie Comprehensive Cancer Center, and
| | - Yang Mei
- Department of Pathology, Feinberg School of Medicine
- Robert H. Lurie Comprehensive Cancer Center, and
| | - Xu Han
- Department of Pathology, Feinberg School of Medicine
- Robert H. Lurie Comprehensive Cancer Center, and
| | - Farida V Korobova
- Center for Advanced Microscopy, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL
| | - Miguel A Prado
- Department of Cell Biology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA; and
| | - Jing Yang
- Department of Pathology, Feinberg School of Medicine
- Robert H. Lurie Comprehensive Cancer Center, and
| | - Zhangli Peng
- Department of Bioengineering, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL
| | - Joao A Paulo
- Department of Cell Biology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA; and
| | - Steven P Gygi
- Department of Cell Biology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA; and
| | - Daniel Finley
- Department of Cell Biology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA; and
| | - Peng Ji
- Department of Pathology, Feinberg School of Medicine
- Robert H. Lurie Comprehensive Cancer Center, and
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19
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Ji R, Zhu XJ, Wang ZR, Huang LQ. Cortactin in Epithelial-Mesenchymal Transition. Front Cell Dev Biol 2020; 8:585619. [PMID: 33195233 PMCID: PMC7606982 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2020.585619] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2020] [Accepted: 09/24/2020] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Cortactin, a member of the actin-binding protein family, plays an important role in cell movement involving the cytoskeleton, as cell movement mediated by cortactin may induce the epithelial–mesenchymal transition. Cortactin participates in tumor proliferation, migration, and invasion and other related disease processes by binding to different proteins and participating in different pathways and mechanisms that induce the occurrence of these disease processes. Therefore, this article reviews the correlations between cortactin, the actin cytoskeleton, and the epithelial–mesenchymal transition and discusses its clinical importance in tumor therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rong Ji
- Zhangjiagang TCM Hospital Affiliated to Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Jiangsu, China
| | - Xiao-Juan Zhu
- Zhangjiagang TCM Hospital Affiliated to Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Jiangsu, China
| | - Zhi-Rong Wang
- Zhangjiagang TCM Hospital Affiliated to Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Jiangsu, China
| | - Li-Qiang Huang
- Zhangjiagang TCM Hospital Affiliated to Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Jiangsu, China
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20
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He Y, Lu R, Wu J, Pang Y, Li J, Chen J, Liu B, Zhou Y, Zhou J. Salvianolic acid B attenuates epithelial-mesenchymal transition in renal fibrosis rats through activating Sirt1-mediated autophagy. Biomed Pharmacother 2020; 128:110241. [PMID: 32450523 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2020.110241] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2019] [Revised: 05/01/2020] [Accepted: 05/03/2020] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Renal fibrosis is a kind of progressive kidney disease leading to end-stage renal damage. Epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) is one of the crucial features of renal fibrosis. Salvianolic acid B (SalB), isolated from traditional Chinese medicine Radix Salviae miltiorrhizae, has been proved to be suitable for renal protection. The aims of this study are to investigate the pharmacological effects of SalB on renal fibrosis and explore the underlying mechanisms. In vivo, our study showed that SalB could improve kidney dysfunction and reduce the expression of EMT-related proteins, including fibronectin (FN), α-smooth muscle actin (α-SMA) and transforming growth factor-β (TGF-β). In addition, SalB activated autophagy and up-regulated the expression of Sirt1. In vitro, our study showed that SalB reversed EMT in TGF-β1-induced human kidney proximal tubular epithelial cells (HK-2 cells). Further mechanism studies showed that the inhibition of Sirt1 and autophagy could reverse the protective effect of SalB on the EMT process in TGF-β1-induced HK-2 cells. Taken together, this study demonstrated that SalB attenuates EMT in the process of renal fibrosis through activating Sirt1-mediated autophagy, and Sirt1 could be a key target for treatment of renal fibrosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu He
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510006, PR China; The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510405, PR China
| | - Ruirui Lu
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510006, PR China
| | - Junbiao Wu
- The Second Affiliated Hospital, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510120, PR China
| | - Yu Pang
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510006, PR China
| | - Jicheng Li
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510006, PR China
| | - Junqi Chen
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510405, PR China
| | - Bihao Liu
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510006, PR China
| | - Yuan Zhou
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510006, PR China.
| | - Jiuyao Zhou
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510006, PR China.
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21
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Zhang L, Zhang Y, Lei Y, Wei Z, Li Y, Wang Y, Bu Y, Zhang C. Proline-rich 11 (PRR11) drives F-actin assembly by recruiting the actin-related protein 2/3 complex in human non-small cell lung carcinoma. J Biol Chem 2020; 295:5335-5349. [PMID: 32169900 PMCID: PMC7170533 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.ra119.012260] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/10/2019] [Revised: 03/09/2020] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
The actin cytoskeleton is extremely dynamic and supports diverse cellular functions in many physiological and pathological processes, including tumorigenesis. However, the mechanisms that regulate the actin-related protein 2/3 (ARP2/3) complex and thereby promote actin polymerization and organization in cancer cells are not well-understood. We previously implicated the proline-rich 11 (PRR11) protein in lung cancer development. In this study, using immunofluorescence staining, actin polymerization assays, and siRNA-mediated gene silencing, we uncovered that cytoplasmic PRR11 is involved in F-actin polymerization and organization. We found that dysregulation of PRR11 expression results in F-actin rearrangement and nuclear instability in non-small cell lung cancer cells. Results from molecular mechanistic experiments indicated that PRR11 associates with and recruits the ARP2/3 complex, facilitates F-actin polymerization, and thereby disrupts the F-actin cytoskeleton, leading to abnormal nuclear lamina assembly and chromatin reorganization. Inhibition of the ARP2/3 complex activity abolished irregular F-actin polymerization, lamina assembly, and chromatin reorganization due to PRR11 overexpression. Notably, experiments with truncated PRR11 variants revealed that PRR11 regulates F-actin through different regions. We found that deletion of either the N or C terminus of PRR11 abrogates its effects on F-actin polymerization and nuclear instability and that deletion of amino acid residues 100-184 or 100-200 strongly induces an F-actin structure called the actin comet tail, not observed with WT PRR11. Our findings indicate that cytoplasmic PRR11 plays an essential role in regulating F-actin assembly and nuclear stability by recruiting the ARP2/3 complex in human non-small cell lung carcinoma cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lian Zhang
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, China; Molecular Medicine and Cancer Research Center, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, China
| | - Ying Zhang
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, China; Molecular Medicine and Cancer Research Center, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, China
| | - Yunlong Lei
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, China; Molecular Medicine and Cancer Research Center, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, China
| | - Zhili Wei
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, China; Molecular Medicine and Cancer Research Center, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, China
| | - Yi Li
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, China; Molecular Medicine and Cancer Research Center, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, China
| | - Yingxiong Wang
- Laboratory of Reproductive Biology, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, China
| | - Youquan Bu
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, China; Molecular Medicine and Cancer Research Center, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, China.
| | - Chundong Zhang
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, China; Molecular Medicine and Cancer Research Center, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, China.
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Jalal S, Shi S, Acharya V, Huang RYJ, Viasnoff V, Bershadsky AD, Tee YH. Actin cytoskeleton self-organization in single epithelial cells and fibroblasts under isotropic confinement. J Cell Sci 2019; 132:jcs.220780. [PMID: 30787030 PMCID: PMC6432717 DOI: 10.1242/jcs.220780] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/25/2018] [Accepted: 01/24/2019] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Actin cytoskeleton self-organization in two cell types, fibroblasts and epitheliocytes, was studied in cells confined to isotropic adhesive islands. In fibroblasts plated onto islands of optimal size, an initially circular actin pattern evolves into a radial pattern of actin bundles that undergo asymmetric chiral swirling before finally producing parallel linear stress fibers. Epitheliocytes, however, did not exhibit succession through all the actin patterns described above. Upon confinement, the actin cytoskeleton in non-keratinocyte epitheliocytes was arrested at the circular stage, while in keratinocytes it progressed as far as the radial pattern but still could not break symmetry. Epithelial–mesenchymal transition pushed actin cytoskeleton development from circular towards radial patterns but remained insufficient to cause chirality. Knockout of cytokeratins also did not promote actin chirality development in keratinocytes. Left–right asymmetric cytoskeleton swirling could, however, be induced in keratinocytes by treatment with small doses of the G-actin sequestering drug, latrunculin A in a transcription-independent manner. Both the nucleus and the cytokeratin network followed the induced chiral swirling. Development of chirality in keratinocytes was controlled by DIAPH1 (mDia1) and VASP, proteins involved in regulation of actin polymerization. This article has an associated First Person interview with the first author of the paper. Summary: Epitheliocytes cannot develop the F-actin patterns typically observed in fibroblasts, but can do so after treatments affecting actin polymerization. Regulators of actin polymerization, DIAPH1 and VASP, control this process.
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Affiliation(s)
- Salma Jalal
- Mechanobiology Institute, National University of Singapore, Singapore 117411
| | - Shidong Shi
- Mechanobiology Institute, National University of Singapore, Singapore 117411
| | | | - Ruby Yun-Ju Huang
- Cancer Science Institute of Singapore, National University of Singapore, Singapore 117599.,Department of Obstetrics & Gynaecology, National University Hospital, Singapore 119228.,Department of Anatomy, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore 117599
| | - Virgile Viasnoff
- Mechanobiology Institute, National University of Singapore, Singapore 117411.,Centre National Pour la Recherche Scientifique, Singapore 117411.,Department of Biological Sciences, National University of Singapore, Singapore 117558
| | - Alexander D Bershadsky
- Mechanobiology Institute, National University of Singapore, Singapore 117411 .,Department of Molecular Cell Biology, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot 7610001, Israel
| | - Yee Han Tee
- Mechanobiology Institute, National University of Singapore, Singapore 117411
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