1
|
Allem JP. Social Media and Adolescent Health. Am J Public Health 2024; 114:980-982. [PMID: 39052971 DOI: 10.2105/ajph.2024.307784] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/27/2024]
Affiliation(s)
- Jon-Patrick Allem
- Jon-Patrick Allem is with the Department of Health Behavior, Society and Policy, Rutgers School of Public Health, State University of New Jersey, New Brunswick
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Kadel P, Heist N, Paulheim H, Mata J. From Pixels to Palate: Communication around #vegan on Instagram and its relation with eating intentions. Appetite 2024; 200:107518. [PMID: 38801997 DOI: 10.1016/j.appet.2024.107518] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2024] [Revised: 04/26/2024] [Accepted: 05/23/2024] [Indexed: 05/29/2024]
Abstract
Social media is an increasingly important yet understudied context for eating behaviors in general and veganism in particular. In four studies, we first explored and described the information environment the platform Instagram presents related to veganism. Second, we examined how engaging with this environment is associated with offline eating intentions via psychological mechanisms. We scraped datasets of Instagram posts tagged with #vegan (44,316 posts in total) and employed network analysis with their hashtags (Study 1), as well as clustering with images and sentiment analysis with texts (Study 2). Studies 3 (N = 117) and 4 (N = 251) used online surveys to investigate associations between different forms of engaging with social media content, psychological constructs, and offline eating intentions. Posts about veganism were frequently related to food, health and fitness, cosmetics, and photography. Images most often depicted food (34.7%), non-food products (30.4%), people (7.9%), and animals (2.0%). The sentiment of most posts was positive. Being exposed to Instagram content about veganism was more strongly and consistently associated with eating intentions than active forms of engagement. Attitude and self-identity emerged as the most relevant mechanisms for these effects. Food is the most prominent yet not sole topic among posts about veganism on Instagram, and hashtags used in this context partially relate to motives for following a vegan diet. Exposure to this information environment might influence offline eating decisions via psychological mechanisms. With growing usage and its potential influence, social media should receive increasing attention in (health) psychological research and practice.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Philipp Kadel
- University of Mannheim, School of Social Sciences, Health Psychology, L 13, 17, 68161, Mannheim, Germany.
| | - Nicolas Heist
- University of Mannheim, School of Business Informatics and Mathematics, Data and Web Science, B 6, 26, 68159, Mannheim, Germany.
| | - Heiko Paulheim
- University of Mannheim, School of Business Informatics and Mathematics, Data and Web Science, B 6, 26, 68159, Mannheim, Germany.
| | - Jutta Mata
- University of Mannheim, School of Social Sciences, Health Psychology, L 13, 17, 68161, Mannheim, Germany; Mannheim Center for Data Science, L 5, 5, 68161, Mannheim, Germany.
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Raffoul A, Santoso M, Lu J, Duran V, Austin SB. Diet pills and deception: A content analysis of weight-loss, muscle-building, and cleanse and detox supplements videos on TikTok. Eat Behav 2024; 55:101911. [PMID: 39182366 DOI: 10.1016/j.eatbeh.2024.101911] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2024] [Revised: 08/19/2024] [Accepted: 08/20/2024] [Indexed: 08/27/2024]
Abstract
The promotion of harmful dieting-related products, including weight-loss, muscle-building, and cleanse/detox supplements, is pervasive across TikTok. Use of these products has been associated with eating pathology, and in some instances, increased risk of an eating disorder diagnosis. To inform eating disorders prevention and public health intervention, a content analysis was conducted to analyze the promotional features of the most viewed videos as of June 2022 in the U.S. across popular dieting product-related hashtags (#dietpills, #preworkout, #detox) (N = 233 videos). Investigators watched and coded videos using a codebook that captured details about featured individuals, product claims and details, and other video elements (e.g., language, use of popular music). Descriptive statistics were obtained to analyze trends within and across product hashtags. A total of 78 #dietpills, 86 #preworkout, and 69 #detox videos met study criteria. Videos promoting weight-loss and cleanse/detox products overwhelmingly featured feminine-presenting (70.5 % and 71 %, respectively) and thin (35.9 % and 44.9 %) individuals, while #preworkout video subjects were mostly masculine-presenting (73.3 %) and muscular (61.6 %). Most did not disclose their credentials (93.6 %) nor identify whether the promotion of the product was sponsored by the retailer (95.7 %). The vast majority of videos (97 %) did not provide any scientific evidence to support health- and appearance-related claims. The most popular videos promoting dieting-related supplements on TikTok overwhelmingly make unsubstantiated health claims, posing substantial risks for social media users who are vulnerable to their usage and associated health risks, including engagement in disordered eating.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Amanda Raffoul
- Division of Adolescent/Young Adult Medicine, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, MA, United States; Department of Pediatrics, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, United States.
| | - Monique Santoso
- Division of Adolescent/Young Adult Medicine, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, MA, United States
| | - Junjie Lu
- Department of Social and Behavioral Sciences, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, United States
| | - Valeria Duran
- Department of Epidemiology, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, United States
| | - S Bryn Austin
- Division of Adolescent/Young Adult Medicine, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, MA, United States; Department of Pediatrics, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, United States; Department of Social and Behavioral Sciences, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, United States
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Wang Y, Zhang P, Wang M, Gong Q, Yu C, Wang H, Hebestreit A, Lau PWC, Wang H, Li L. Isotemporal Substitution Effects of Daily Time Use on Cardiorespiratory Fitness of Children in the OptiChild Study: A Mediation Analysis with Diet Quality. Nutrients 2024; 16:2788. [PMID: 39203923 PMCID: PMC11357184 DOI: 10.3390/nu16162788] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/26/2024] [Revised: 08/15/2024] [Accepted: 08/19/2024] [Indexed: 09/03/2024] Open
Abstract
(1) Background: Although daily time-use is associated with diet quality and cardiorespiratory fitness (CRF) in children, their interdependence remains unexplored. This study first examined the associations between reallocating daily movement time and diet quality and CRF, and second the mediating role of diet quality in the relationship between daily time-use and CRF. (2) Methods: This study included 1131 Chinese children (aged 8 to 10 years; median [interquartile range]: 8.5 [8.3, 8.8]) at baseline (September 2022) and 1268 children at the 9-month follow-up (June 2023) from the OptiChild study. Daily durations of moderate-to-vigorous physical activity (MVPA), sleep, and sedentary behavior (e.g., screen time) were self-reported or proxy-reported by parents. Diet quality was assessed via the Diet Quality Questionnaire (DQQ), which uses a 24 h dietary recall and is categorized according to the Global Dietary Recommendations (GDR) score and Food Group Diversity Score (FGDS). The CRF was measured using VO2max after the 20 m shuttle run test. Longitudinal associations between daily time-use, diet quality, and CRF were calculated using isotemporal substitution models. Mediation analyses were used to determine whether diet quality mediated the associations between daily time-use and CRF. (3) Results: Reallocation of 30 min from screen time to MVPA resulted in significant improvements in the GDR score (β baseline = 0.11, p = 0.024; β follow-up = 0.26, p < 0.001), FGDS (β baseline = 0.11, p = 0.006; β follow-up = 0.19, p < 0.001), and CRF (β baseline = 0.40, p < 0.001; β follow-up = 0.26, p = 0.001). Diet quality partially mediated the associations between MVPA, screen time, and CRF. Substituting 30 min of screen time for MVPA led to diet quality mediating a proportion of the association with CRF (GDR score: 11.4%, FGDS: 6.6%). (4) Conclusions: These findings underscore the importance of optimizing daily time-use of MVPA and screen time and improving diet quality to promote physical fitness in school-aged children.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Youxin Wang
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, The First Affiliated Hospital of Ningbo University, Ningbo 315000, China;
- Department of Maternal and Child Health, School of Public Health, Peking University, Beijing 100191, China; (M.W.); (H.W.)
| | - Pingping Zhang
- Ningbo Center for Healthy Lifestyle Research, The First Affiliated Hospital of Ningbo University, Ningbo 315000, China;
| | - Mingyue Wang
- Department of Maternal and Child Health, School of Public Health, Peking University, Beijing 100191, China; (M.W.); (H.W.)
| | - Qinghai Gong
- Ningbo Municipal Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Ningbo 315010, China;
| | - Canqing Yu
- Department of Epidemiology & Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Peking University, Xueyuan Road, Haidian District, Beijing 100191, China;
- Key Laboratory of Epidemiology of Major Diseases (Peking University), Ministry of Education, Beijing 100191, China
| | - Haijun Wang
- Department of Maternal and Child Health, School of Public Health, Peking University, Beijing 100191, China; (M.W.); (H.W.)
| | - Antje Hebestreit
- Department of Epidemiological Methods and Etiological Research, Leibniz Institute for Prevention Research and Epidemiology—BIPS, 28359 Bremen, Germany;
| | - Patrick W. C. Lau
- Department of Sport, Physical Education and Health, Hong Kong Baptist University, Hong Kong SAR 999077, China;
- Laboratory of Exercise Science and Health, BNU-HKBU United International College, Zhuhai 519087, China
| | - Hui Wang
- Department of Maternal and Child Health, School of Public Health, Peking University, Beijing 100191, China; (M.W.); (H.W.)
| | - Li Li
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, The First Affiliated Hospital of Ningbo University, Ningbo 315000, China;
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Park SH, Park H. Relationship between motivations and dietary behaviours within parent-adolescent dyads: Application of actor-partner interdependence models. Pediatr Obes 2024:e13153. [PMID: 39099236 DOI: 10.1111/ijpo.13153] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2024] [Revised: 06/12/2024] [Accepted: 07/10/2024] [Indexed: 08/06/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Parents play a substantial role in improving adolescent dietary behaviours. OBJECTIVES To examine the interdependent relationships between motivations (autonomous and emotional motivation) and dietary behaviours (fruit and vegetable [F/V] and junk food and sugar-sweetened beverage [JF/SSB] intake) within parent-adolescent dyads. METHODS This secondary data analysis was conducted on 1522 parent-adolescent dyads using a cross-sectional Family Life, Activity, Sun, Health, and Eating (FLASHE) study. The ratio of boys to girls among the adolescents was approximately equal, and 74% of the parents were mothers. The adolescents were between 12 and 17 years old, and 85.5% of the parents were between 35 and 59 years old. Parents and adolescents completed an online survey on dietary motivations and behaviours. Actor-partner interdependence models were performed within parent-adolescent dyads. RESULTS F/V and JF/SSB intake was influenced by parents' or adolescents' autonomous motivation (actor-only pattern), except among adolescents with obesity. A dyadic pattern was found in the relationship between autonomous motivation and F/V and JF/SSB intake, but only among adolescents with normal weight. No relationship was found between F/V and JF/SSB controlled motivation and F/V or JF/SSB intake among adolescents with overweight or obesity. CONCLUSIONS Autonomous motivation had a significant relationship with F/V and JF/SSB intake for both parents and adolescents, but the association varied depending on the adolescents' weight. Personalized programmes that foster autonomous motivation to change dietary behaviours should be provided based on the adolescents' weight status.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- So Hyun Park
- Red Cross College of Nursing, Chung-Ang University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Hanjong Park
- College of Nursing, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Hebestreit A, Sina E. [Consequences of digital media on the health of children and adolescents with a focus on the consumption of unhealthy foods]. Bundesgesundheitsblatt Gesundheitsforschung Gesundheitsschutz 2024; 67:292-299. [PMID: 38233498 DOI: 10.1007/s00103-024-03834-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2023] [Accepted: 01/08/2024] [Indexed: 01/19/2024]
Abstract
Children and adolescents' media time has increased since 2019. Prolonged time spent with media and media multitasking is increasingly being discussed as a health determinant. This narrative review highlights the importance of media time on the development of obesity and metabolic disorders in children and adolescents and discusses in more detail the associations with consumption of unhealthy foods and increased exposure to media food marketing.The prolonged durations that children and adolescents spend with social and digital media in their leisure time are positively related to sensory taste preferences for sweet, fatty, and salty foods as well as to higher snack food and energy intakes. Moreover, prolonged media time is also associated with a long-term increased risk of metabolic syndrome and its single components. The potential of social media for promoting physical activity and healthy eating lies especially in simplifying the inclusion of otherwise hard-to-reach groups. Further, social media may facilitate social support from peers and thus positively influence the well-being of young users.Particularly against the background of the not yet fully developed cognitive abilities of children and adolescents, the article refers to options for action to protect young media users. Exposure to certain social media content appears to negatively relate to children and adolescents' food choices and eating behaviors, supporting the call to regulate advertising directed at young consumers for foods and beverages that do not meet WHO criteria for child-friendly foods in these media.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Antje Hebestreit
- Abteilung: Epidemiologische Methoden und Ursachenforschung, Leibniz-Institut für Präventionsforschung und Epidemiologie - BIPS, Achterstr. 30, 28359, Bremen, Deutschland.
| | - Elida Sina
- Abteilung: Epidemiologische Methoden und Ursachenforschung, Leibniz-Institut für Präventionsforschung und Epidemiologie - BIPS, Achterstr. 30, 28359, Bremen, Deutschland
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Vincze F, Muka T, Eichelmann F, Llanaj E. Eating out intensity, ultra-processed foods and BMI among Albanian youth. Public Health Nutr 2023; 26:2953-2962. [PMID: 37842793 PMCID: PMC10755451 DOI: 10.1017/s1368980023002173] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/24/2022] [Revised: 08/31/2023] [Accepted: 10/10/2023] [Indexed: 10/17/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Ultra-processed foods (UPF) and eating out of home (OH) are changing nutrition, particularly among youth in constrained settings. We aimed to assess the role of eating OH intensity on the associations of UPF and unprocessed or minimally processed foods (UMPF) with BMI among Albanian youth. DESIGN Cross-sectional. SETTING Albania, a south-eastern European country. PARTICIPANTS 281 youth, predominantly females. METHODS UPF and UMPF were defined based on NOVA, while eating OH intensity based on energy percentage from OH foods. Multivariable models tested associations of UPF and UMPF with BMI stratified by eating OH intensity, controlled for relevant covariates including diet quality, portion size and costs. RESULTS The respondents age ranged between 18 and 23 years with a female predominance (87·5 %). Mean energy from UPF and UMPF was 846 (sd: 573·0) and 802·9 (422·5) kcals, respectively. Among substantial at home eaters UPF intake was not associated (β = −0·07, 95 % CI (−0·13, 0·267)) with BMI; however, UMPF negatively associated with BMI (β = −0·24, 95 % CI (−0·43, −0·06)). Among those defined as substantial OH eaters, UPF (β = 0·24, 95 % CI (0·08, 0·40)) and UMPF (β = 0·18, 95 % CI (0·04, 0·33)) were positively associated with BMI. CONCLUSIONS Our findings provide evidence for the hypothesis that eating OH plays an important role in the association of UPF and UMPF with BMI in youth. While causality cannot be established due to cross-sectional design, to the best of our knowledge, we provide the first assessment of UPF and UMPF intake in a south-eastern European setting, while highlighting the need for establishing and integrating youth nutrition into national nutritional surveillance systems for key dietary risk factors in Albania.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ferenc Vincze
- Department of Public Health and Epidemiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Debrecen, Debrecen, Hungary
| | - Taulant Muka
- Institute of Social and Preventive Medicine, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
- Meta-Research Innovation Centre at Stanford (METRICS), Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA
- Epistudia, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Fabian Eichelmann
- Department of Molecular Epidemiology, German Institute of Human Nutrition Potsdam-Rehbrücke, Arthur-Scheunert-Allee 114-116, Nuthetal, 14558, Germany
- German Centre for Diabetes Research (DZD), München-Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Erand Llanaj
- Epistudia, Bern, Switzerland
- Department of Molecular Epidemiology, German Institute of Human Nutrition Potsdam-Rehbrücke, Arthur-Scheunert-Allee 114-116, Nuthetal, 14558, Germany
- German Centre for Diabetes Research (DZD), München-Neuherberg, Germany
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
König LM. Debunking nutrition myths: An experimental test of the 'truth sandwich' text format. Br J Health Psychol 2023; 28:1000-1010. [PMID: 37186138 DOI: 10.1111/bjhp.12665] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2022] [Revised: 03/29/2023] [Accepted: 04/15/2023] [Indexed: 05/17/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Myths about diet and nutrition are widespread and may seriously impact health and well-being. This study tests whether texts in a truth sandwich format, that is, texts presenting two blocks of factual, correcting information around a text block listing a myth and identifying it as false, are effective in reducing agreement with a range of nutrition myths. DESIGN Prestudy: observational survey; main study: 4 Text × 6 statement mixed experimental design. METHODS Out of 13 nutrition myths that were presented to 58 participants in a prestudy, the six most prevalent myths were selected for the main study. In the preregistered main study, 302 participants were randomly assigned to either reading one of three texts in the truth sandwich format addressing a nutrition myth or reading a text about healthy eating (control condition) before rating their agreement with a total of six nutrition myths. RESULTS Participants agreed less with the specific myth targeted by the truth sandwich text, while controls were not differentiating between them. CONCLUSIONS Thus, truth sandwiches are effective in reducing agreement with myths and can be harnessed to promote evidence-based dietary practices to promote health in the population.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Laura M König
- Faculty of Life Sciences, University of Bayreuth, Bayreuth, Germany
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Sina E, Buck C, Ahrens W, Coumans JMJ, Eiben G, Formisano A, Lissner L, Mazur A, Michels N, Molnar D, Moreno LA, Pala V, Pohlabeln H, Reisch L, Tornaritis M, Veidebaum T, Hebestreit A. Digital media exposure and cognitive functioning in European children and adolescents of the I.Family study. Sci Rep 2023; 13:18855. [PMID: 37914849 PMCID: PMC10620404 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-45944-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/02/2023] [Accepted: 10/26/2023] [Indexed: 11/03/2023] Open
Abstract
The digital environment can pose health risks through exposure to unhealthy content. Yet, little is known about its relation to children's cognitive functioning. This study investigates the association between digital media (DM) exposure and children's cognitive functioning. This cross-sectional study is based on examinations of children aged 8-18 years (N = 8673) of the I.Family cohort (2013-2014). Exposure to television, computer, smartphone and internet was self-reported (hours/day). Media multitasking (MMT) was defined as simultaneous use of computers with other digital or non-screen-based activities. Standard instruments were used to assess cognitive inflexibility (score: 0-39), decision-making ability (- 100 to + 100) and impulsivity (12-48). Adjusted regression coefficients and 99.9%CIs were calculated by generalized linear mixed-effects models. In total, 3261 participants provided data for impulsivity, 3441 for cognitive inflexibility and 4046 for decision-making. Exposure to smartphones and media multitasking were positively associated with impulsivity (βsmartphone = 0.74; 99.9%CI = 0.42-1.07; βMMT = 0.73; 99.9%CI = 0.35-1.12) and cognitive inflexibility (βsmartphone = 0.32; 99.9%CI = -0.02-0.66; βMMT = 0.39; 99.9%CI = 0.01-0.77) while being inversely associated with decision-making ability. Extensive smartphone/internet exposure combined with low computer/medium TV exposure was associated with higher impulsivity and cognitive inflexibility scores, especially in girls. DM exposure is adversely associated with cognitive functioning in children and adolescents. Children require protection against the likely adverse impact of digital environment.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Elida Sina
- Leibniz Institute for Prevention Research and Epidemiology - BIPS, Bremen, Germany
| | - Christoph Buck
- Leibniz Institute for Prevention Research and Epidemiology - BIPS, Bremen, Germany
| | - Wolfgang Ahrens
- Faculty of Mathematics and Computer Science, Institute of Statistics, University of Bremen, Bremen, Germany
| | - Juul M J Coumans
- Teaching and Learning Centre, Open University of the Netherlands, Heerlen, The Netherlands
| | - Gabriele Eiben
- Department of Public Health, School of Health Sciences, University of Skövde, Skövde, Sweden
| | | | - Lauren Lissner
- School of Public Health and Community Medicine, Institute of Medicine, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Artur Mazur
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Rzeszów, Rzeszów, Poland
| | - Nathalie Michels
- Department of Public Health and Primary Care, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Dénes Molnar
- Department of Pediatrics, Medical School, University of Pécs, Pécs, Hungary
| | - Luis A Moreno
- GENUD (Growth, Exercise, Nutrition and Development) Research Group, Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red Fisiopatología de La Obesidad y Nutrición (CIBERObn), Instituto Agroalimentario de Aragón (IA2), Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria Aragón (IIS Aragón), University of Zaragoza, Zaragoza, Spain
| | - Valeria Pala
- Department of Epidemiology and Data Science, Fondazione IRCCS, Istituto Nazionale Dei Tumori, Milan, Italy
| | - Hermann Pohlabeln
- Leibniz Institute for Prevention Research and Epidemiology - BIPS, Bremen, Germany
| | - Lucia Reisch
- Leibniz Institute for Prevention Research and Epidemiology - BIPS, Bremen, Germany
- Cambridge Judge Business School, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | | | - Toomas Veidebaum
- Department of Chronic Diseases, National Institute for Health Development, Tallinn, Estonia
| | - Antje Hebestreit
- Leibniz Institute for Prevention Research and Epidemiology - BIPS, Bremen, Germany.
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Horovitz O, Argyrides M. Orthorexia and Orthorexia Nervosa: A Comprehensive Examination of Prevalence, Risk Factors, Diagnosis, and Treatment. Nutrients 2023; 15:3851. [PMID: 37686883 PMCID: PMC10490497 DOI: 10.3390/nu15173851] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/07/2023] [Revised: 09/02/2023] [Accepted: 09/02/2023] [Indexed: 09/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Orthorexia nervosa is an emerging and controversial eating disorder characterized by an obsessive preoccupation with healthy eating and an extreme fixation on food purity. Despite growing public interest in orthorexia, its classification as a distinct eating disorder remains a subject of ongoing debate in the mental health community. This paper comprehensively reviews the current literature on orthorexia nervosa, exploring the prevalence rates, risk factors, diagnosis, and treatment options. The paper offers an overview of orthorexia and its historical context and explores the challenges and considerations in diagnosing orthorexia and orthorexia nervosa. Specifically, the distinction between "orthorexia" and "orthorexia nervosa" is a debated issue in eating disorder research due to a lack of clear diagnostic criteria, making it challenging to accurately differentiate between an obsession with healthy eating and a more severe form with potential distress and impairment. Given the absence of formal diagnostic criteria, developing valid and reliable assessment tools is crucial to accurately identify and treat individuals experiencing these disorders. The paper's final section covers the existing treatment approaches for orthorexia nervosa. Overall, the paper highlights the complex and multifaceted nature of orthorexia nervosa. This review contributes to the ongoing discourse surrounding orthorexia and provides valuable insights for clinicians, researchers, and stakeholders in the mental health and eating disorders fields.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Omer Horovitz
- The Physiology and Behavior Laboratory, Tel-Hai Academic College, 9977 North Districts, Qiryat Shemona 1220800, Israel
- Psychology Department, Tel-Hai Academic College, 9977 North Districts, Qiryat Shemona 1220800, Israel
| | - Marios Argyrides
- Psychology Department, Neapolis University Pafos, 2 Danais Avenue, Paphos 8042, Cyprus;
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Wickramasinghe K, Lobstein T, Lazeri L. Obesity and young people: Are we listening? Obes Rev 2023; 24 Suppl 2:e13609. [PMID: 37753606 DOI: 10.1111/obr.13609] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2023] [Revised: 07/07/2023] [Accepted: 07/10/2023] [Indexed: 09/28/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Kremlin Wickramasinghe
- Nutrition Physical Activity and Obesity, World Health Organization Regional Office for Europe, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | | | - Ledia Lazeri
- Mental Health, World Health Organization Regional Office for Europe, Copenhagen, Denmark
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
Al-Haifi AR, Bumaryoum NY, Al-Awadhi BA, Alammar FA, Ashkanani RH, Al-Hazzaa HM. The influence of gender, media, and internet usage on adolescents' fast food perception and fluid intake. JOURNAL OF HEALTH, POPULATION, AND NUTRITION 2023; 42:77. [PMID: 37533123 PMCID: PMC10398999 DOI: 10.1186/s41043-023-00426-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/29/2023] [Accepted: 07/29/2023] [Indexed: 08/04/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Understanding the factors that influence adolescent's perception of fast food and their fluid consumption is crucial for designing effective nutrition education programs tailored to this population. This study aimed to evaluate the associations of sex and the use of media and the internet with adolescents' perception of fast foods and the amount of fluid consumption. METHODS A cross-sectional survey was conducted on school adolescents between the ages of 15 and 18 years in Kuwait, using a multistage stratified random sampling method (N = 706 adolescents; 343 boys and 363 girls). A pre-tested and specifically designed self-report questionnaire covering several measures such as: (a) types of foods that are considered fast foods; and (b) participant's fluid consumption. Body weight and height were measured using calibrated medical scales. Body mass index (BMI) was computed. The adolescents were stratified by sex into two groups: boys and girls, for the purpose of analysis. RESULTS Seven out of 14 food choices showed significant sex differences (p values ranged from 0.016 to < 0.001) in the adolescents' responses to whether they perceived such food choice as fast food or not. Although differences were found between sexes, the majority of the listed fast foods were correctly recognized as fast foods by the adolescents. In addition, there were significant differences between males and females in the amount of daily drinks (ml/week) consumed from full fat milk (males = l197.1 ± 27,652.1 and females = 1662.8 ± 2221, p = 0.013), sugar-sweetened beverage (males = 2350.8 ± 3324.3 and females = 3088.9 ± 3701.1, p = 0.004), and energy drinks (males = 429.5 ± 1117.2 and females = 267.6 ± 733.8, p = 0.037). Compared to adolescents who seldom or do not watch TV or use the internet, those who engage in these sedentary activities are less likely to classify pizza (aOR (95% CI) = 0.660 (0.440-0.990), p = 0.045), grilled meat (aOR (95% CI) = 0.674 (0.477-0.954), p = 0.026), fried egg sandwiches (aOR (95% CI) = 0.617 (0.425-0.894-0.189), p = 0.011), and rice (aOR (95% CI) = 0.598(0.409-0.875), p = 0.008) as fast foods. CONCLUSION The influence of TV and internet use on adolescent's ability to accurately identify fast foods has been observed. Findings indicate the need for increased fast food nutrition education programs that are tailored towards adolescents. The study recommends further research to enhance consumer awareness of foods and drinks among adolescents in the State of Kuwait.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ahmad R Al-Haifi
- Department of Food and Nutrition Science, College of Health Sciences, PAAET, Showaikh, Kuwait
| | - Nayef Y Bumaryoum
- Department of Food and Nutrition Science, College of Health Sciences, PAAET, Showaikh, Kuwait
| | - Balqees A Al-Awadhi
- Department of Food and Nutrition Science, College of Health Sciences, PAAET, Showaikh, Kuwait
| | - Fahad A Alammar
- Department of Food and Nutrition Science, College of Health Sciences, PAAET, Showaikh, Kuwait.
| | - Rasha H Ashkanani
- Department of Home Economics, Basic Education College, PAAET, Showaikh, Kuwait
| | - Hazzaa M Al-Hazzaa
- Lifestyle and Health Research Center, Health Sciences Research Center, Princess Nourah Bint Abdulrahman University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| |
Collapse
|
13
|
Davison J, Bunting B, Stewart-Knox B. The mediating effect of food choice upon associations between adolescent health-related quality of life and physical activity, social media use and abstinence from alcohol. Health Qual Life Outcomes 2023; 21:46. [PMID: 37198629 DOI: 10.1186/s12955-023-02129-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2022] [Accepted: 05/08/2023] [Indexed: 05/19/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Understanding how health-related quality of life (HRQoL) is related to lifestyle factors during adolescence is crucial to effective health promotion. The aim of this analysis was to identify associations between HRQoL and lifestyle and to determine the degree to which they are mediated by food choices in adolescents. METHODS The Wellbeing in Schools (NI) survey (N = 1609; 13-14 years) assessed HRQoL using the Kidscreen52. Food choice was assessed by Food Frequency Questionnaire (FFQ) and physical activity was assessed using the Physical Activity Questionnaire for Adolescents (PAQ-A). Social media and alcohol abstinence were self-reported. RESULTS Path analysis indicated that fruit and vegetable intake was associated with higher HRQoL on dimensions of moods and emotions, parent relations and home life, financial resources, and social support and peers. Bread and diary intake was related to higher physical wellbeing. Protein was associated with higher psychological wellbeing, moods and emotions, self-perception, parent relations and home life, financial resources, and lower social support and peers. Junk food was related to lower moods and emotions. Males had higher psychological wellbeing, moods and emotions, parental relations and home life. Females had higher self-perception, autonomy, and social support and peers. Greater physical activity explained higher HRQoL on all dimensions. Less social media was associated with higher psychological wellbeing, moods and emotions, self-perception, parent relations and home life, and school environment. Alcohol abstinence was associated with higher physical wellbeing, psychological wellbeing, moods and emotions, self-perception, parent relations and home life, and school environment dimensions. CONCLUSION Intervention to promote HRQoL in adolescents should consider food choices whilst encouraging physical activity, discouraging social media and deterring alcohol, and targeting boys and girls separately.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jenny Davison
- Psychology Research Institute, Ulster University, Cromore Road, Coleraine, BT52 1SA, Northern Ireland, UK.
| | - Brendan Bunting
- Psychology Research Institute, Ulster University, Cromore Road, Coleraine, BT52 1SA, Northern Ireland, UK
| | - Barbara Stewart-Knox
- Division of Psychology, University of Bradford, Bradford, BD7 1DP, West Yorkshire, UK
| |
Collapse
|
14
|
Kilb M, Giese H, Mata J. How eating-related social media postings influence healthy eating in senders and network members: Two field experiments with intensive longitudinal data. Appetite 2023; 182:106430. [PMID: 36549365 DOI: 10.1016/j.appet.2022.106430] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2022] [Revised: 11/23/2022] [Accepted: 12/16/2022] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
Young adults are frequently confronted with eating-related social media content. How such exposure influences eating in those who post and their network members is largely unknown. We conducted two intensive longitudinal field experiments combining self-reports with social media data. The posting behavior of young adults was manipulated. We examined how postings about fruit and vegetables affected intake in senders and their network members (Study 1, N = 81) and in senders with a change goal (Study 2, N = 128). Potential mechanisms of action were explored. Descriptively, posting led to a stronger increase of senders' and network members' intake, but this increase was not statistically significant. Posting led to higher perceived social support and injunctive norms of senders (Study 1). Posting supported eating behavior change; the effect size was comparable to picture-based self-monitoring of intake (Study 2). Intraindividual variations in senders' daily eating-related social media activities were associated with daily eating behavior and perceived social support (both studies), daily self-efficacy, experiential and instrumental attitudes, and goal commitment (Study 2). Our studies underline that social media environments should be considered in research and interventions targeting eating behavior of young adults.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Michael Kilb
- Department of Psychology, School of Social Sciences, University of Mannheim, L13,17, 68161, Mannheim, Germany; Max Rubner-Institut, Federal Research Institute of Nutrition and Food, Department of Child Nutrition, Haid-und-Neu-Straße 9, 76131, Karlsruhe, Germany.
| | - Helge Giese
- Social Psychology and Decision Sciences, Department of Psychology, University of Konstanz, P.O. Box 43, 78457 Konstanz, Germany; Heisenberg Chair for Medical Risk Literacy and Evidence-based Decisions, Center for Anesthesiology and Intensive Care, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Charitéplatz 1, 10117 Berlin, Germany.
| | - Jutta Mata
- Department of Psychology, School of Social Sciences, University of Mannheim, L13,17, 68161, Mannheim, Germany; Mannheim Center for Data Science, University of Mannheim, L 5, 2, 68161, Mannheim, Germany; Center for Adaptive Rationality, Max Planck Institute for Human Development, Lentzeallee 94, 14195, Berlin, Germany.
| |
Collapse
|
15
|
Hoffman AJ, McGuire L, Mathews CJ, Joy A, Law F, Drews M, Rutland A, Hartstone-Rose A, Winterbottom M, Mulvey KL. The importance of trust in the relation between COVID-19 information from social media and well-being among adolescents and young adults. PLoS One 2023; 18:e0282076. [PMID: 36952559 PMCID: PMC10035839 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0282076] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2022] [Accepted: 02/08/2023] [Indexed: 03/25/2023] Open
Abstract
During the COVID-19 pandemic, young people have been exposed to distressing content about COVID-19 without knowing whether they can trust such content. This indicates a need to examine the effects of social media use on mental health and well-being. Existing research provides an inconsistent impression of such effects. Thus, we examined the relation between exposure to COVID-19 information on social media and well-being and assessed if trust in COVID-19 information on social media moderated this relationship. The sample consisted of 168 adolescents and young adults from the U.K. and U.S. (Mage = 17.4 years). Participants completed measures of exposure to, and trust in, COVID-19 information on social media platforms, and measures of emotional, psychological, and social well-being. Results revealed a null to positive relation between exposure to COVID-19 information on social media and well-being across measures. However, when trust was added to the models as a moderator, results indicated that, for adolescents with higher levels of trust in COVID-19 information found on social media, the relation between information encountered on social media and well-being was positive. In contrast, for adolescents with lower levels of trust, the association between information encountered on social media and well-being was null or sometimes negative. Given the lack of consensus about the impact of social media use on well-being, these results point to the importance of trust when assessing the relationship between exposure to COVID-19 information and well-being.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Adam J Hoffman
- Department of Psychology, Cornell University, Ithaca, New York, United States of America
| | - Luke McGuire
- Department of Psychology, University of Exeter, Exeter, United Kingdom
| | - Channing J Mathews
- Department of Psychology, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, Virginia, United States of America
| | - Angelina Joy
- Department of Psychology, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, North Carolina, United States of America
| | - Fidelia Law
- Department of Psychology, University of Exeter, Exeter, United Kingdom
| | - Marc Drews
- EdVenture, Columbia, South Carolina, United States of America
| | - Adam Rutland
- Department of Psychology, University of Exeter, Exeter, United Kingdom
| | - Adam Hartstone-Rose
- Department of Biological Sciences, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, North Carolina, United States of America
| | - Mark Winterbottom
- Faculty of Education, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, United Kingdom
| | - Kelly Lynn Mulvey
- Department of Psychology, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, North Carolina, United States of America
| |
Collapse
|
16
|
Unfavorable Behaviors in Children Run in Packs! Dietary and Non-Dietary Modulators of Attentional Capacity. Nutrients 2022; 14:nu14245264. [PMID: 36558423 PMCID: PMC9781799 DOI: 10.3390/nu14245264] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/21/2022] [Revised: 12/07/2022] [Accepted: 12/07/2022] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Children's cognitive performance can be influenced by behaviors such as eating breakfast in the morning. The aim of this analysis was to investigate the mediating effects of breakfast behavior and other lifestyle habits on eye-hand coordination and attention. In a secondary analysis of the CogniDROP study, children from the 5th and 6th grade of a comprehensive school in Germany (n = 223) performed a simple computerized Visual Attention Task and answered a questionnaire about behavioral patterns, i.e., skipping breakfast on a school day, frequency of physical activity (PA) outside school, and nighttime sleep. An association matrix was constructed to show the relationship between the variables. Almost 11% of children left home in the morning without breakfast, more than 9.5% of children reported poor sleep quality, 24.9% slept less than the recommended 9 h, and girls were insufficiently physically active. Sleep duration, bedtime, and PA correlated with skipping breakfast. Better sleep quality was positively related to reaction time in the Visual Attention Task. Overall, the data suggest that unfavorable behaviors in children tend to run in packs, just as skipping breakfast in the morning seems to be associated with other unfavorable habits, which impairs children's eye-hand coordination and attention.
Collapse
|
17
|
A Review of Web-Based Nutrition Information in Spanish for Cancer Patients and Survivors. Nutrients 2022; 14:nu14071441. [PMID: 35406054 PMCID: PMC9003392 DOI: 10.3390/nu14071441] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2022] [Revised: 03/28/2022] [Accepted: 03/29/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Nutrition education resources are of interest for cancer patients and survivors throughout the cancer continuum. We examined the web-based nutrition information in Spanish for cancer patients and survivors provided by national cancer organizations (NCOs). The Guide to Internet Resources for Cancer and the membership list of the Union for International Cancer Control were searched to identify the NCOs. The International Patients Decisions Aid Standards (IPDAS) was used to describe the quality of the available information. We identified 20 NCOs that provided nutrition information aimed at a general audience on their websites. Web-based resources of nine NCOs were selected for presentation in this review. Website scores ranged between 20 and 24 in the IPDAS scale (maximum score = 31). The selected NCOs offered reliable and safe information. Healthy eating information for cancer patients and management of side-effects was provided by all websites. Information was more limited for cancer survivors. We recommend that NCOs increase the possibilities for personalized recommendations and interaction with the content by including instrumental tools on their websites.
Collapse
|