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Guo H, Guo H, Zhang L, Tian X, Wu J, Fan Y, Li T, Gou Z, Sun Y, Gao F, Wang J, Shan G, Zeng F. Organelle Ca 2+/CAM1-SELTP confers somatic cell embryogenic competence acquisition and transformation in plant regeneration. THE NEW PHYTOLOGIST 2024; 242:1172-1188. [PMID: 38501463 DOI: 10.1111/nph.19679] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/13/2024] [Accepted: 02/20/2024] [Indexed: 03/20/2024]
Abstract
Somatic cell totipotency in plant regeneration represents the forefront of the compelling scientific puzzles and one of the most challenging problems in biology. How somatic embryogenic competence is achieved in regeneration remains elusive. Here, we discover uncharacterized organelle-based embryogenic differentiation processes of intracellular acquisition and intercellular transformation, and demonstrate the underlying regulatory system of somatic embryogenesis-associated lipid transfer protein (SELTP) and its interactor calmodulin1 (CAM1) in cotton as the pioneer crop for biotechnology application. The synergistic CAM1 and SELTP exhibit consistent dynamical amyloplast-plasmodesmata (PD) localization patterns but show opposite functional effects. CAM1 inhibits the effect of SELTP to regulate embryogenic differentiation for plant regeneration. It is noteworthy that callus grafting assay reflects intercellular trafficking of CAM1 through PD for embryogenic transformation. This work originally provides insight into the mechanisms responsible for embryogenic competence acquisition and transformation mediated by the Ca2+/CAM1-SELTP regulatory pathway, suggesting a principle for plant regeneration and cell/genetic engineering.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huihui Guo
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Biology, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai'an, 271018, China
| | - Haixia Guo
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Biology, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai'an, 271018, China
| | - Li Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Biology, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai'an, 271018, China
| | - Xindi Tian
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Biology, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai'an, 271018, China
| | - Jianfei Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Biology, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai'an, 271018, China
| | - Yupeng Fan
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Biology, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai'an, 271018, China
- College of Life Sciences, Huaibei Normal University, Huaibei, 235000, China
| | - Tongtong Li
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Biology, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai'an, 271018, China
| | - Zhongyuan Gou
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Biology, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai'an, 271018, China
| | - Yuxiao Sun
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Biology, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai'an, 271018, China
| | - Fan Gao
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Biology, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai'an, 271018, China
| | - Jianjun Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Biology, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai'an, 271018, China
| | - Guangyao Shan
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Biology, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai'an, 271018, China
| | - Fanchang Zeng
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Biology, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai'an, 271018, China
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Méndez-Hernández HA, Loyola-Vargas VM. Plant Micropropagation and Temporary Immersion Systems. Methods Mol Biol 2024; 2827:35-50. [PMID: 38985261 DOI: 10.1007/978-1-0716-3954-2_3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/11/2024]
Abstract
Temporary immersion systems (TIS) have been widely recognized as a promising technology for micropropagation of various plant species. The TIS provides a suitable environment for culture and allows intermittent contact of the explant with the culture medium at different immersion frequencies and aeration of the culture in each cycle. The frequency or immersion is one of the most critical parameters for the efficiency of these systems. The design, media volume, and container capacity substantially improve cultivation efficiency. Different TIS have been developed and successfully applied to micropropagation in various in vitro systems, such as sprout proliferation, microcuttings, and somatic embryos. TIS increases multiplication and conversion rates to plants and a better response during the ex vitro acclimatization phase. This article covers the use of different immersion systems and their applications in plant biotechnology, particularly in plant tissue culture, as well as its use in the massive propagation of plants of agroeconomic interest.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hugo A Méndez-Hernández
- Unidad de Biología Integrativa, Centro de Investigación Científica de Yucatán, Mérida, Mexico
| | - Víctor M Loyola-Vargas
- Unidad de Biología Integrativa, Centro de Investigación Científica de Yucatán, Mérida, Mexico.
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Méndez-Hernández HA, Loyola-Vargas VM. Scale-Up of Coffea canephora Somatic Embryogenesis in Temporary Immersion System. Methods Mol Biol 2024; 2827:291-301. [PMID: 38985278 DOI: 10.1007/978-1-0716-3954-2_20] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/11/2024]
Abstract
Somatic embryogenesis (SE) is a clear example of cellular totipotency. The SE of the genus Coffea has become a model for in vitro propagation for woody species and for the large-scale production of disease-free plants that provide an advantage for modern agriculture. Temporary immersion systems (TIS) are in high demand for the propagation of plants. The success of this type of bioreactor is based on the alternating cycles of immersion of the plant material in the culture medium, usually a few minutes, and the permanence outside the medium of the tissues for several hours. Some bioreactors are very efficient for propagating one species but not another. The efficiency of bioreactors depends on the species, the tissue used to propagate, the species' nutritional needs, the amount of ethylene produced by the tissue, and many more. In this protocol, we show how we produce C. canephora plants that are being taken to the field.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hugo A Méndez-Hernández
- Unidad de Biología Integrativa, Centro de Investigación Científica de Yucatán, Mérida, Mexico
| | - Víctor M Loyola-Vargas
- Unidad de Biología Integrativa, Centro de Investigación Científica de Yucatán, Mérida, Mexico.
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Méndez-Hernández HA, Galaz-Ávalos RM, Quintana-Escobar AO, Pech-Hoil R, Collí-Rodríguez AM, Salas-Peraza IQ, Loyola-Vargas VM. In Vitro Conversion of Coffea spp. Somatic Embryos in SETIS™ Bioreactor System. PLANTS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2023; 12:3055. [PMID: 37687302 PMCID: PMC10490467 DOI: 10.3390/plants12173055] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2023] [Revised: 08/22/2023] [Accepted: 08/23/2023] [Indexed: 09/10/2023]
Abstract
Somatic embryogenesis (SE) is an excellent example of mass plant propagation. Due to its genetic variability and low somaclonal variation, coffee SE has become a model for in vitro propagation of woody species, as well as for large-scale production of vigorous plants that are advantageous to modern agriculture. The success of the large-scale propagation of an embryogenic system is dependent on the development, optimization, and transfer of complementary system technologies. In this study, two successful SE systems were combined with a SETIS™ bioreactor immersion system to develop an efficient and cost-effective approach for the in vitro development of somatic embryos of Coffea spp. This study used an efficient protocol for obtaining somatic embryos, utilizing direct and indirect SE for both C. canephora and C. arabica. Embryos in the cotyledonary stage were deposited in a bioreactor to complete their stage of development from embryo to plant with minimal manipulation. Following ten weeks of cultivation in the bioreactor, complete and vigorous plants were obtained. Different parameters such as fresh weight, length, number of leaves, and root length, as well as stomatal index and relative water content, were recorded. In addition, the survival rate and ex vitro development of plantlets during acclimatization was assessed. The best substrate combination was garden soil (GS), peat moss (PM), and agrolite (A) in a 1:1:0.5 ratio, in which the bioreactor-regenerated plants showed an acclimatization rate greater than 90%. This is the first report on the use of SETIS™ bioreactors for the in vitro development of somatic embryos in Coffea spp., providing a technology that could be utilized for the commercial in vitro propagation of coffee plants. A link between research and innovation is necessary to establish means of communication that facilitate technology transfer. This protocol can serve as a basis for the generation and scaling of different species of agroeconomic importance. However, other bottlenecks in the production chains and the field must be addressed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hugo A. Méndez-Hernández
- Plant Biochemistry and Molecular Biology Unit, Yucatan Scientific Research Center, Street 43, No.130 x 32 y 34, Mérida 97205, Yucatán, Mexico; (H.A.M.-H.); (R.M.G.-Á.); (A.O.Q.-E.); (R.P.-H.)
| | - Rosa M. Galaz-Ávalos
- Plant Biochemistry and Molecular Biology Unit, Yucatan Scientific Research Center, Street 43, No.130 x 32 y 34, Mérida 97205, Yucatán, Mexico; (H.A.M.-H.); (R.M.G.-Á.); (A.O.Q.-E.); (R.P.-H.)
| | - Ana O. Quintana-Escobar
- Plant Biochemistry and Molecular Biology Unit, Yucatan Scientific Research Center, Street 43, No.130 x 32 y 34, Mérida 97205, Yucatán, Mexico; (H.A.M.-H.); (R.M.G.-Á.); (A.O.Q.-E.); (R.P.-H.)
| | - Rodolfo Pech-Hoil
- Plant Biochemistry and Molecular Biology Unit, Yucatan Scientific Research Center, Street 43, No.130 x 32 y 34, Mérida 97205, Yucatán, Mexico; (H.A.M.-H.); (R.M.G.-Á.); (A.O.Q.-E.); (R.P.-H.)
| | - Ana M. Collí-Rodríguez
- Yucatan Science and Technology Park, Carretera Sierra Papacal—Chuburna Puerto, Km. 5.5, Sierra Papacal 97302, Yucatán, Mexico; (A.M.C.-R.); (I.Q.S.-P.)
| | - Itzamná Q. Salas-Peraza
- Yucatan Science and Technology Park, Carretera Sierra Papacal—Chuburna Puerto, Km. 5.5, Sierra Papacal 97302, Yucatán, Mexico; (A.M.C.-R.); (I.Q.S.-P.)
| | - Víctor M. Loyola-Vargas
- Plant Biochemistry and Molecular Biology Unit, Yucatan Scientific Research Center, Street 43, No.130 x 32 y 34, Mérida 97205, Yucatán, Mexico; (H.A.M.-H.); (R.M.G.-Á.); (A.O.Q.-E.); (R.P.-H.)
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Wang W, Guo J, Ma J, Wang Z, Zhang L, Wang Z, Meng M, Zhang C, Sun F, Xi Y. Comprehensive Transcriptomic and Metabolic Profiling of Agrobacterium- tumefaciens-Infected Immature Wheat Embryos. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24098449. [PMID: 37176157 PMCID: PMC10179373 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24098449] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/10/2023] [Revised: 04/30/2023] [Accepted: 05/05/2023] [Indexed: 05/15/2023] Open
Abstract
The transformation efficiency (TE) was improved by a series of special chemical and physical methods using immature embryos from the cultivar Fielder, with the PureWheat technique. To analyze the reaction of immature embryos infected, which seemed to provide the necessary by Agrobacterium tumefaciens in PureWheat, a combination of scanning electron microscopy (SEM), complete transcriptome analysis, and metabolome analysis was conducted to understand the progress. The results of the SEM analysis revealed that Agrobacterium tumefaciens were deposited under the damaged cortex of immature embryos as a result of pretreatment and contacted the receptor cells to improve the TE. Transcriptome analysis indicated that the differentially expressed genes were mainly enriched in phenylpropanoid biosynthesis, starch and sucrose metabolism, plant-pathogen interaction, plant hormone signal transduction, and the MAPK (Mitogen-activated protein kinase) signaling pathway. By analyzing the correlation between differentially expressed genes and metabolites, the expression of many genes and the accumulation of metabolites were changed in glucose metabolism and the TCA cycle (Citrate cycle), as well as the amino acid metabolism; this suggests that the infection of wheat embryos with Agrobacterium is an energy-demanding process. The shikimate pathway may act as a hub between glucose metabolism and phenylpropanoid metabolism during Agrobacterium infection. The downregulation of the F5H gene and upregulation of the CCR gene led to the accumulation of lignin precursors through phenylpropanoid metabolism. In addition, several metabolic pathways and oxidases were found to be involved in the infection treatment, including melatonin biosynthesis, benzoxazinoid biosynthesis, betaine biosynthesis, superoxide dismutase, and peroxidase, suggesting that wheat embryos may be under the stress of Agrobacterium and, thus, undergo an oxidative stress response. These findings explore the physiological and molecular changes of immature embryos during the co-culture stage of the PureWheat technique and provide insights for Agrobacterium-mediated transgenic wheat experiments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Weiwei Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology for Arid Areas, College of Agronomy, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Xianyang 712100, China
| | - Jinliang Guo
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology for Arid Areas, College of Agronomy, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Xianyang 712100, China
| | - Jiayang Ma
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology for Arid Areas, College of Agronomy, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Xianyang 712100, China
| | - Zhulin Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology for Arid Areas, College of Agronomy, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Xianyang 712100, China
| | - Lining Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology for Arid Areas, College of Agronomy, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Xianyang 712100, China
| | - Zixu Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology for Arid Areas, College of Agronomy, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Xianyang 712100, China
| | - Min Meng
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology for Arid Areas, College of Agronomy, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Xianyang 712100, China
| | - Chao Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology for Arid Areas, College of Agronomy, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Xianyang 712100, China
| | - Fengli Sun
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology for Arid Areas, College of Agronomy, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Xianyang 712100, China
| | - Yajun Xi
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology for Arid Areas, College of Agronomy, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Xianyang 712100, China
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Kramer YV, Clement CR, de Carvalho JC, Fernandes AV, da Silva CVA, Koolen HHF, Aguiar JPL, Nunes-Nesi A, Ramos MV, Araújo WL, Gonçalves JFDC. Understanding the Technical-Scientific Gaps of Underutilized Tropical Species: The Case of Bactris gasipaes Kunth. PLANTS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2023; 12:337. [PMID: 36679052 PMCID: PMC9867503 DOI: 10.3390/plants12020337] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2022] [Revised: 12/30/2022] [Accepted: 01/04/2023] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
The extraction and commercialization of palm hearts is the most profitable activity involving the peach palm (Bactris gasipaes), while consumption of its fruits is limited to Amazonian communities. The excessive attention paid to the implementation of germplasm banks contributed to the lack of development of high-performance varieties, limiting the production and consumption of peach palm fruits and by-products. In addition, with the fragmentation of the Amazonian rainforest, wild populations are in danger of extinction. The species domestication, initiated by Native Amazonians, generated a large variety of peach palm populations, as evidenced by the diversity in fruit sizes and quality. Some advances in agronomic traits also took place. However, more research needs to be conducted to understand the implications of climatic changes on plant physiological performance. Indeed, the key point is that the exploitation of the full potential of B. gasipaes has not been completely exploited. Therefore, understanding the state-of-the-art research on the peach palm with a focus on its underutilized resources is essential for expanding plantations and, consequently, promoting the market expansion of the peach palm as a fruit crop.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yasmin Verçosa Kramer
- Plant Physiology Graduate Program, Departamento de Biologia Vegetal, Universidade Federal de Viçosa (UFV), Avenida PH Rolfs, s/n, Viçosa 36570-900, Brazil
| | - Charles Roland Clement
- Department of Technology and Innovation, National Institute for Amazonian Research (MCTI-INPA), Avenida André Araújo, 2936, Aleixo, Manaus 69011-970, Brazil
| | - Josiane Celerino de Carvalho
- Laboratory of Plant Physiology and Biochemistry, National Institute for Amazonian Research (MCTI-INPA), André Araújo Avenue, 2936, Aleixo, Manaus 69011-970, Brazil
| | - Andreia Varmes Fernandes
- Laboratory of Plant Physiology and Biochemistry, National Institute for Amazonian Research (MCTI-INPA), André Araújo Avenue, 2936, Aleixo, Manaus 69011-970, Brazil
| | - Carlos Vinicius Azevedo da Silva
- Grupo de Pesquisas em Metabolômica e Espectrometria de Massas, Escola Superior de Ciências da Saúde, Universidade do Estado do Amazonas, Avenida Carvalho Leal, 1777, Cachoeirinha, Manaus 69065-000, Brazil
| | - Hector Henrique Ferreira Koolen
- Grupo de Pesquisas em Metabolômica e Espectrometria de Massas, Escola Superior de Ciências da Saúde, Universidade do Estado do Amazonas, Avenida Carvalho Leal, 1777, Cachoeirinha, Manaus 69065-000, Brazil
| | - Jaime Paiva Lopes Aguiar
- Coordination Society of Environment and Health and Laboratory of Physical Chemistry of Food, National Institute for Amazonian Research (MCTI-INPA), Avenida André Araújo, 2936, Aleixo, Manaus 69011-970, Brazil
| | - Adriano Nunes-Nesi
- Plant Physiology Graduate Program, Departamento de Biologia Vegetal, Universidade Federal de Viçosa (UFV), Avenida PH Rolfs, s/n, Viçosa 36570-900, Brazil
| | - Marcio Viana Ramos
- Departamento de Bioquímica E Biologia Molecular, Centro de Ciências, Universidade Federal do Ceará (UFC), Campus do Pici, Benfica, Fortaleza 60020-181, Brazil
| | - Wagner L. Araújo
- Plant Physiology Graduate Program, Departamento de Biologia Vegetal, Universidade Federal de Viçosa (UFV), Avenida PH Rolfs, s/n, Viçosa 36570-900, Brazil
| | - José Francisco de Carvalho Gonçalves
- Laboratory of Plant Physiology and Biochemistry, National Institute for Amazonian Research (MCTI-INPA), André Araújo Avenue, 2936, Aleixo, Manaus 69011-970, Brazil
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Aguilar ME, Wang XY, Escalona M, Yan L, Huang LF. Somatic embryogenesis of Arabica coffee in temporary immersion culture: Advances, limitations, and perspectives for mass propagation of selected genotypes. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2022; 13:994578. [PMID: 36275513 PMCID: PMC9582858 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2022.994578] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/15/2022] [Accepted: 09/16/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Culture in temporary immersion systems (TIS) is a valuable tool for the semi-automation of high frequency somatic embryogenesis of coffee. This system allows the intermittent exposure of explants to liquid medium in cycles of specific frequency and duration of immersion with renewal of the culture atmosphere in each cycle. TIS have revolutionized somatic embryogenesis of coffee plants as an alternative for scaling up and reducing costs associated with labor-intensive solid media culture. In Central America, somatic embryogenesis is employed on a commercial scale to produce F1 Coffea arabica hybrids. In Asia and Africa, somatic embryogenesis is used for the multiplication of selected genotypes of C. arabica and C.canephora. Somatic embryogenesis of coffee plants is considered a model system for woody species due to its biological versatility and low frequency of somaclonal variation. Nevertheless, the success of somatic embryogenesis for mass propagation of coffee plants depends on the development, optimization, and transfer of complementary technologies. Temporary immersion using the RITA® bioreactor is, so far, the best complementary tool for somatic embryogenesis of Arabica coffee for a single recipient with simple changes in liquid media. Likewise, high volume bioreactors, such as 10-L glass BIT® and 10-L flexible disposable plastic bags, have been successfully used for somatic embryogenesis of other coffee species. These bioreactors allow the manipulation of thousands of embryos under semi-automated conditions. The protocols, advantages, and benefits of this technology have been well documented for organogenesis and somatic embryogenesis pathways. However, adaptation in commercial laboratories requires technical and logistical adjustments based on the biological response of the cultures as well as the costs of implementation and production. This review presents the historical and present background of TIS and its commercial application and, in particular, pertinent information regarding temporary immersion culture for C. arabica somatic embryogenesis. The main limitations of this technology, such as hyperhydricity, asynchrony, and developmental abnormalities, are examined, and a critical analysis of current knowledge regarding physiological, biochemical, and molecular aspects of the plant response to temporary immersion is offered. Further, perspectives are provided for understanding and solving the morpho-physiological problems associated with temporary immersion culture of coffee plants. Systematic Review Registration.
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Affiliation(s)
- María Elena Aguilar
- Biotechnology Laboratories, Tropical Agricultural Research and Higher Education Center (CATIE), Turrialba, Costa Rica
| | - Xiao-yang Wang
- Spice and Beverage Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Tropical Agricultural Sciences (CATAS), Wanning, China
- Key Laboratory of Genetic Resources Utilization of Spice and Beverage Crops, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Wanning, China
- Hainan Provincial Key Laboratory of Genetic Improvement and Quality Regulation for Tropical Spice and Beverage Crops, Wanning, China
| | - Maritza Escalona
- Plant Tissues Culture Lab, Centro de Bioplantas, Universidad Ciego de Ávila, Ciego de Ávila, Cuba
| | - Lin Yan
- Spice and Beverage Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Tropical Agricultural Sciences (CATAS), Wanning, China
- Key Laboratory of Genetic Resources Utilization of Spice and Beverage Crops, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Wanning, China
- Hainan Provincial Key Laboratory of Genetic Improvement and Quality Regulation for Tropical Spice and Beverage Crops, Wanning, China
| | - Li-fang Huang
- Spice and Beverage Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Tropical Agricultural Sciences (CATAS), Wanning, China
- Key Laboratory of Genetic Resources Utilization of Spice and Beverage Crops, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Wanning, China
- Hainan Provincial Key Laboratory of Genetic Improvement and Quality Regulation for Tropical Spice and Beverage Crops, Wanning, China
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Campos-Boza S, Vinas M, Solórzano-Cascante P, Holst A, Steinmacher DA, Guerra MP, Jiménez VM. Somatic embryogenesis and plant regeneration from transverse thin cell layers of adult peach palm ( Bactris gasipaes) lateral offshoots. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2022; 13:995307. [PMID: 36247585 PMCID: PMC9554471 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2022.995307] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/15/2022] [Accepted: 08/31/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
In this work, we report a successful protocol to obtain in vitro peach palm (Bactris gasipaes Kunth) "Diamantes 10" plants through somatic embryogenesis from transverse thin cell layer (TCL) explants, dissected from three sections (basal, medial, and apical) of lateral offshoots of adult plants cultured on different concentrations of 4-amino-3,5,6-trichloropicolonic acid (picloram). After swelling and development of primary callus in all treatments, without any strong effect of explant origin or picloram concentration, it was possible to observe the formation of embryogenic structures and the exact point from where they developed. Browning was also observed and correlated to the induction treatments, although it was not an impairment for the production of embryogenic structures. Subsequent maturation and conversion of somatic embryos into plantlets allowed their acclimatization 17 months after culture initiation (ACI), which was quicker than previous reports with juvenile tissues (from embryos or seed-germinated plantlets). To the best of our knowledge, this is the first report on peach palm regeneration through somatic embryogenesis from TCL explants from adult plants and could constitute, after fine-tuning the acclimatization stage, a tool for mass clonal propagation of elite genotypes of this open-pollinated crop, as well as for the establishment of conservation strategies of in situ gene bank plant accessions endangered due to aging and other threats.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stefanny Campos-Boza
- Centro para Investigaciones en Granos y Semillas (CIGRAS), Universidad de Costa Rica, San Pedro, Costa Rica
| | - María Vinas
- Centro para Investigaciones en Granos y Semillas (CIGRAS), Universidad de Costa Rica, San Pedro, Costa Rica
| | - Paul Solórzano-Cascante
- Centro para Investigaciones en Granos y Semillas (CIGRAS), Universidad de Costa Rica, San Pedro, Costa Rica
| | - Andrea Holst
- Centro para Investigaciones en Granos y Semillas (CIGRAS), Universidad de Costa Rica, San Pedro, Costa Rica
| | | | - Miguel P. Guerra
- Plant Developmental Physiology and Genetics Laboratory, Department of Plant Science, Federal University of Santa Catarina, Florianópolis, Brazil
- Graduate Program in Agricultural and Natural Ecosystems, Federal University of Santa Catarina, Curitibanos, Brazil
| | - Víctor M. Jiménez
- Centro para Investigaciones en Granos y Semillas (CIGRAS), Universidad de Costa Rica, San Pedro, Costa Rica
- Instituto de Investigaciones Agrícolas (IIA) and Cátedra Humboldt, Universidad de Costa Rica, San Pedro, Costa Rica
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Mirzabe AH, Hajiahmad A, Fadavi A, Rafiee S. Temporary immersion systems (TISs): A comprehensive review. J Biotechnol 2022; 357:56-83. [PMID: 35973641 DOI: 10.1016/j.jbiotec.2022.08.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2022] [Revised: 08/02/2022] [Accepted: 08/05/2022] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
The temporary immersion systems (TISs) have been widely used in plant biotechnology. TISs have different advantages from the point of micropropagation and production of secondary metabolites over other continuous liquid-phase bioreactors. The current work presents the structure, operation mode, configuration type, and micropropagation or secondary metabolite production in TISs. This review deals with the advantages and disadvantages of TISs and the factors affecting their performance. Future research could focus on new designs based on CFD simulation, facilitating sterilization, and combining TISs with other bioreactors (e.g., mist bioreactors) to make a hybrid bioreactor.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amir Hossein Mirzabe
- Department of Mechanics of Biosystem Engineering, Faculty of Engineering & Technology, College of Agriculture & Natural Resources, University of Tehran, Karaj, Alborz, Iran.
| | - Ali Hajiahmad
- Department of Mechanics of Biosystem Engineering, Faculty of Engineering & Technology, College of Agriculture & Natural Resources, University of Tehran, Karaj, Alborz, Iran.
| | - Ali Fadavi
- Department of Food Technology, College of Aburaihan, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran.
| | - Shahin Rafiee
- Department of Mechanics of Biosystem Engineering, Faculty of Engineering & Technology, College of Agriculture & Natural Resources, University of Tehran, Karaj, Alborz, Iran.
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Mahmoudi Meimand MJ, Ruffoni B, Mascarello C, Shamshiri MH, Malekzadeh K. MICROPROPAGATION OF PISTACIA LENTISCUS L. - OPTIMIZATION OF THE SURFACE STERILIZATION PROTOCOL AND FORCED VENTILATION IN TEMPORARY IMMERSION CULTURE. FRUIT GROWING RESEARCH 2020. [DOI: 10.33045/fgr.v36.2020.09] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
Pistacia lentiscus L., belonging to Anacardiaceae family, is a typical species of the Mediterranean maquis and it is widely grown in Greece and Italy mainly for its aromatic resin extraction or as ornamental plant and also as Pistacia vera L. rootstock. Its propagation is difficult either by seed or by cuttings. The current study was carried out to optimize the micro propagation of Pistacia lentiscus L. starting from seedlings and woody explants. For the surface sterilization two different protocols were evaluated for woody explant and 6 treatments with combinations of different sterilizing agent types and concentrations were used for mature seeds. For woody explants, no significant differences could be evidenced on contamination percentage and plant survival but the initial growth in vitro of the explant was better in case of the first treatment (1.5% NaOCl for 30 min and 70% Ethanol for 1 min) than opposite combination. The highest seed contamination percentage occurred in case of treatment with 1% NaOCl for 30 min. The treatment with Ethanol (70%) for 30 second followed by three times washing with distilled water then use of NaOCl (1%) for 30 min permitted to obtain 100% of sterility. The highest seed germination (100% after 3 days) was obtained in seeds treated with Ethanol (70%) for 30 second then NaOCl (1%) for 30 min. In order to study the proliferation two different procedures were compared in liquid and agar-based media. Our results proved that proliferation rate increased 6.5 % by forced ventilation system. Longer shoots (10.5 cm) were obtained in temporary immersion system using RITA boxes. This culture system induced also the highest shoot weight which is the increasing of the 29.56% respect common vessels and agar-based medium
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Barbara Ruffoni
- Consiglio per la Ricerca e la Sperimentazione in Agricoltura, Research Centre for Vegetable and ornamental crops, Sanremo, Italy
| | - Carlo Mascarello
- Consiglio per la Ricerca e la Sperimentazione in Agricoltura, Research Centre for Vegetable and ornamental crops, Sanremo, Italy
| | | | - Khalil Malekzadeh
- Iran Department of Genetics and Crop production, Faculty of Agriculture, Vali-e-Asr University of Rafsanjan, Rafsanjan, Iran
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Meira FS, Luis ZG, Cardoso IMAS, Scherwinski-Pereira JE. Somatic embryogenesis from leaf tissues of macaw palm [Acrocomia aculeata (Jacq.) Lodd. ex Mart.]. AN ACAD BRAS CIENC 2020; 92:e20180709. [PMID: 33206795 DOI: 10.1590/0001-3765202020180709] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/18/2018] [Accepted: 12/04/2018] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
A somatic embryogenesis protocol was developed from the immature leaves of adult plants of the macaw palm. Leaf explants from different regions of the palm heart were used for callus initiation in a modified Y3 medium, supplemented with 2,4-D or Picloram at 450 μM. Calli were separated from the leaf explants at 6-, 9- and 12-month periods and transferred to a fresh culture medium of the same composition. They were multiplied for up to 120 days. Reduced concentrations of 2,4-D and Picloram were used to differentiate somatic embryos. They were then germinated in a medium without plant growth regulators. Morphological and anatomical analyses were conducted at different stages of the embryogenic process. The best results for callus induction were achieved by Picloram, when explants were maintained for up to 9 months on culture medium (64.9%). The farthest portions of the apical meristem were those that provided the biggest calli formation. The formation of the somatic embryos was observed from the calli multiplication phase. Reduction in concentrations of growth regulators failed to promote the formation of complete plants. Picloram at 450 μM promotes high callogenesis in leaf tissues of macaw palm, with a potential for somatic embryo formation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Filipe S Meira
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Biotecnologia e Biodiversidade, Universidade de Brasília/UNB, Departamento de Biologia Celular, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Rede Pró-Centro-Oeste, Campus Universitário Darcy Ribeiro, Asa Norte, 70910-900 Brasília, DF, Brazil
| | - Zanderluce G Luis
- Universidade Federal do Sul e Sudeste do Pará/UNIFESSPA, Instituto de Estudo em Saúde e Biológicas/IESB, Residencial Total Ville, Nova Marabá, 68507-590 Marabá, PA, Brazil
| | - InaÊ MariÊ A S Cardoso
- Pós-Doutoranda, Embrapa Recursos Genéticos e Biotecnologia, Av. W5 Norte final, PqEB, Asa Norte, 70770-917 Brasília, DF, Brazil
| | - Jonny E Scherwinski-Pereira
- Embrapa Recursos Genéticos e Biotecnologia, Av. W5 Norte (final), PqEB, Asa Norte, 70770-917 Brasília, DF, Brazil
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de Araújo Silva-Cardoso IM, Meira FS, Gomes ACMM, Scherwinski-Pereira JE. Histology, histochemistry and ultrastructure of pre-embryogenic cells determined for direct somatic embryogenesis in the palm tree Syagrus oleracea. PHYSIOLOGIA PLANTARUM 2020; 168:845-875. [PMID: 31517991 DOI: 10.1111/ppl.13026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/28/2019] [Revised: 07/01/2019] [Accepted: 09/10/2019] [Indexed: 05/11/2023]
Abstract
Somatic embryogenesis in palm trees is, in general, a slow and highly complex process, with a predominance of the indirect route and, consequently, a lack of knowledge about the direct route. We present new knowledge related to the morphological, histochemical and ultrastructural aspects of the transition from somatic to embryogenic cells and direct formation of somatic embryos from mature zygotic embryos of Syagrus oleracea, a palm tree. The results support the general concept that 2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid plays a critical role for the formation of somatic embryos of direct and multicellular origin. Seven days in medium with auxin were enough for the identification of embryogenic cells. These cells had a set of characteristics corresponding to totipotent stem cells. At 14 days on induction medium, nodular formations were observed in the distal region of inoculated embryos, which evolved into globular somatic embryos. At 120 days on induction medium, the quality of the somatic embryos was compromised. The dynamics of the mobilization of reserve compounds was also demonstrated, with emphasis on starch and protein as energy sources required for the embryogenic process. This study shows for the first time the anatomical and ultrastructural events involved in direct somatic embryogenesis in a palm tree and incites the scientific community to return to the discussion of classical concepts related to direct somatic embryogenesis, especially regarding the characteristics and location of determined pre-embryogenic cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Inaê M de Araújo Silva-Cardoso
- Department of Forest Engineering, University of Brasília, Brasília, DF, Brazil
- Laboratory of Plant Tissue Culture II, Embrapa Genetic Resources and Biotechnology, Brasília, DF, Brazil
| | - Filipe S Meira
- Department of Cell Biology, University of Brasília, Brasília, DF, Brazil
| | - Ana C M M Gomes
- Laboratory of Bioimaging and Microscopy, Embrapa Genetic Resources and Biotechnology, Brasília, DF, Brazil
| | - Jonny E Scherwinski-Pereira
- Laboratory of Plant Tissue Culture II, Embrapa Genetic Resources and Biotechnology, Brasília, DF, Brazil
- Laboratory of Bioimaging and Microscopy, Embrapa Genetic Resources and Biotechnology, Brasília, DF, Brazil
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Jekayinoluwa T, Gueye B, Bhattacharjee R, Osibanjo O, Shah T, Abberton M. Agromorphologic, genetic and methylation profiling of Dioscorea and Musa species multiplied under three micropropagation systems. PLoS One 2019; 14:e0216717. [PMID: 31095626 PMCID: PMC6522119 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0216717] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2018] [Accepted: 04/27/2019] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
Plant in vitro vegetative propagation using classical semi-solid culture medium is limited due to the low degree of automation, suboptimal nutrient availability and induced physiological stress which often reduce its efficiency. Temporary Immersion System (TIS) emerged as an innovative approach to optimize and eliminate the drawbacks associated with the conventional system of micropropagation. In this study, both Dioscorea and Musa spp. were subjected to conventional semi-solid culture media, complete immersion in shaking liquid culture media and TIS using RITA bioreactor. In vitro grown plantlets were screened for possible vegetative changes using agro-morphological descriptors while genetic and methylation differences were assessed using amplified fragment length polymorphism (AFLP) and methylation-sensitive amplification polymorphism (MSAP). In vitro results showed that the number of shoots produced in Musa spp. varied significantly (P≤0.001) with the type of culture system. The highest mean shoot produced was observed with TIS (28.40) and the least using semi-solid culture medium (1.13). For Dioscorea spp., there was no significant interaction between the hormone combination and the culture system. However, the lowest mean shoot value (1.55) was observed in the semi-solid culture medium. Genetic analysis via AFLP using 15 primer pair combinations revealed that the 3 culture systems maintained genetic variation for Musa and Dioscorea spp. under in vitro and field conditions. Results showed 99% and 91% of the total bands were polymorphic under in vitro and field conditions respectively for Musa and 100% polymorphism for Dioscorea under in vitro and field conditions. Methylation investigation via MSAP using 12 primer pair combinations showed 25% and 46% polymorphic methylated-sensitive loci, 100% and 78% of non-methylated loci of the total bands generated under in vitro and field conditions respectively. Unmethylated (HPA+/MSP+) levels were highest in TIS (0.0842) as compared to CI (0.0227) and SS (0.0161) while full methylation or absence of target (HPA-/MSP-) was lowest in TIS (0.5890) and highest in SS (0.7138). For Dioscorea, 52% and 53% methylated sensitive loci and 100% non-methylated loci were polymorphic under in vitro and field conditions respectively. Although in vitro plant tissue culture techniques led to methylation at some loci of both species, there were no observable changes in the phenotype of both crops under field conditions. This also confirmed that not all methylation events lead to phenotypic changes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Temitope Jekayinoluwa
- International Institute of Tropical Agriculture, Ibadan, Oyo State, Nigeria
- Department of Chemistry, University of Ibadan, Ibadan, Oyo State, Nigeria
| | - Badara Gueye
- International Institute of Tropical Agriculture, Ibadan, Oyo State, Nigeria
| | | | - Oladele Osibanjo
- Department of Chemistry, University of Ibadan, Ibadan, Oyo State, Nigeria
| | - Trushar Shah
- International Institute of Tropical Agriculture, Nairobi, Kenya
| | - Michael Abberton
- International Institute of Tropical Agriculture, Ibadan, Oyo State, Nigeria
- * E-mail:
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Egertsdotter U, Ahmad I, Clapham D. Automation and Scale Up of Somatic Embryogenesis for Commercial Plant Production, With Emphasis on Conifers. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2019; 10:109. [PMID: 30833951 PMCID: PMC6388443 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2019.00109] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/13/2018] [Accepted: 01/23/2019] [Indexed: 05/19/2023]
Abstract
For large scale production of clonal plants, somatic embryogenesis (SE) has many advantages over other clonal propagation methods such as the rooting of cuttings. In particular, the SE process is more suited to scale up and automation, thereby reducing labor costs and increasing the reliability of the production process. Furthermore, the plants resulting from SE closely resemble those from seeds, as somatic embryos, like zygotic (seed) embryos, develop with good connection between root and shoot, and without the plagiotropism often associated with propagation by cuttings. For practical purposes in breeding programs and for deployment of elite clones, it is valuable that a virtually unlimited number of SE plants can be generated from one original seed embryo; and SE cultures (clones) can be cryostored for at least 20 years, allowing long-term testing of clones. To date, there has however been limited use of SE for large-scale plant production mainly because without automation it is labor-intensive. Development of automation is particularly attractive in countries with high labor costs, where conifer forestry is often of great economic importance. Various approaches for automating SE processes are under investigation and the progress is reviewed here, with emphasis on conifers. These approaches include simplification of culture routines with preference for liquid rather than solid cultures, use of robotics and automation for the harvest of selected individual mature embryos, followed by automated handling of germination and subsequent planting. Different approaches to handle the processes of somatic embryogenesis in conifers are outlined below, followed by an update on efforts to automate the different steps, which are nearing an operational stage.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ulrika Egertsdotter
- Department of Forest Genetics and Plant Physiology, Umeå Plant Science Centre, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, Umeå, Sweden
- G.W. Woodruff School of Mechanical Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA, United States
- *Correspondence: Ulrika Egertsdotter
| | - Iftikhar Ahmad
- Department of Forest Genetics and Plant Physiology, Umeå Plant Science Centre, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, Umeå, Sweden
| | - David Clapham
- Department of Plant Biology, Uppsala BioCenter, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, Uppsala, Sweden
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Fornari G, Gomes RR, Degenhardt-Goldbach J, Dos Santos SS, de Almeida SR, Dos Santos GD, Muro MD, Bona C, Scola RH, Trindade ES, Bini IH, Ferreira-Maba LS, Kestring DR, do Nascimento MMF, Lima BJFDS, Voidaleski MF, Steinmacher DA, Soley BDS, Deng S, Bocca AL, da Silva MB, Salgado CG, de Azevedo CMPES, Vicente VA, de Hoog S. A Model for Trans-Kingdom Pathogenicity in Fonsecaea Agents of Human Chromoblastomycosis. Front Microbiol 2018; 9:2211. [PMID: 30356683 PMCID: PMC6189323 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2018.02211] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2018] [Accepted: 08/29/2018] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
The fungal genus Fonsecaea comprises etiological agents of human chromoblastomycosis, a chronic implantation skin disease. The current hypothesis is that patients acquire the infection through an injury from plant material. The present study aimed to evaluate a model of infection in plant and animal hosts to understand the parameters of trans-kingdom pathogenicity. Clinical strains of causative agents of chromoblastomycosis (Fonsecaea pedrosoi and Fonsecaea monophora) were compared with a strain of Fonsecaea erecta isolated from a living plant. The clinical strains of F. monophora and F. pedrosoi remained concentrated near the epidermis, whereas F. erecta colonized deeper plant tissues, resembling an endophytic behavior. In an invertebrate infection model with larvae of a beetle, Tenebrio molitor, F. erecta exhibited the lowest survival rates. However, F. pedrosoi produced dark, spherical to ovoidal cells that resembled muriform cells, the invasive form of human chromoblastomycosis confirming the role of muriform cells as a pathogenic adaptation in animal tissues. An immunologic assay in BALB/c mice demonstrated the high virulence of saprobic species in animal models was subsequently controlled via host higher immune response.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gheniffer Fornari
- Microbiology, Parasitology and Pathology Post-graduation Program, Department of Basic Pathology, Federal University of Paraná, Curitiba, Brazil
| | - Renata Rodrigues Gomes
- Microbiology, Parasitology and Pathology Post-graduation Program, Department of Basic Pathology, Federal University of Paraná, Curitiba, Brazil
| | | | - Suelen Silvana Dos Santos
- Department of Clinical and Pharmacological Analysis, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Sandro Rogério de Almeida
- Department of Clinical and Pharmacological Analysis, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Germana Davila Dos Santos
- Microbiology, Parasitology and Pathology Post-graduation Program, Department of Basic Pathology, Federal University of Paraná, Curitiba, Brazil
| | - Marisol Dominguez Muro
- Support and Diagnosis Unit, Mycology Laboratory, Hospital of Clinics, Federal University of Paraná, Curitiba, Brazil
| | - Cleusa Bona
- Department of Botany, Federal University of Paraná, Curitiba, Brazil
| | | | - Edvaldo S Trindade
- Department of Cell Biology, Federal University of Paraná, Curitiba, Brazil
| | | | | | - Daiane Rigoni Kestring
- Embrapa Forestry, Brazilian Agricultural Research Corporation (EMBRAPA), Colombo, Brazil
| | | | | | - Morgana F Voidaleski
- Microbiology, Parasitology and Pathology Post-graduation Program, Department of Basic Pathology, Federal University of Paraná, Curitiba, Brazil
| | | | | | - Shuwen Deng
- Department of Medical Microbiology, People's Hospital of Suzhou National New & Hi-Tech Industrial Development Zone, Jiangsu, China
| | - Anamelia Lorenzetti Bocca
- Dermato-Immunology Laboratory, Institute of Biological Sciences, Federal University of Para, Marituba, Brazil
| | - Moises B da Silva
- Department of Cell Biology, University of Brasília (UnB), Brasília, Brazil, 13 Department of Medicine, Federal University of Maranhão, São Luís, Brazil
| | - Claudio G Salgado
- Dermato-Immunology Laboratory, Institute of Biological Sciences, Federal University of Para, Marituba, Brazil
| | | | - Vania Aparecida Vicente
- Microbiology, Parasitology and Pathology Post-graduation Program, Department of Basic Pathology, Federal University of Paraná, Curitiba, Brazil
| | - Sybren de Hoog
- Microbiology, Parasitology and Pathology Post-graduation Program, Department of Basic Pathology, Federal University of Paraná, Curitiba, Brazil.,Department of Medical Microbiology, People's Hospital of Suzhou National New & Hi-Tech Industrial Development Zone, Jiangsu, China.,Westerdijk Fungal Biodiversity Institute, Utrecht, Netherlands.,Center of Expertise in Mycology Radboudumc/CWZ, Nijmegen, Netherlands
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Pádua MS, Santos RS, Labory CRG, Stein VC, Mendonça EG, Alves E, Paiva LV. Histodifferentiation of oil palm somatic embryo development at low auxin concentration. PROTOPLASMA 2018; 255:285-295. [PMID: 28871411 DOI: 10.1007/s00709-017-1143-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2016] [Accepted: 07/04/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
Large-scale propagation of oil palm (Elaeis guineensis, Jacq.) is difficult due to its single apical meristem. Thus, obtaining plants is mainly through seed germination, and a long growing period is required before oil production is possible. An alternative to large-scale seedling production is indirect somatic embryogenesis. The aim of this study was to analyze the somatic embryogenesis process in oil palm (E. guineensis Jacq.) with amino acids and low concentrations of auxins. The Tenera hybrid was analyzed by cytochemical and ultrastructural methods and was used to regenerate oil palm plants. First, calli were induced in MS culture media supplemented with 2,4-D and picloram. Two types of calli were obtained, characterized by beige or translucent color. Beige calli had embryogenic characteristics, such as large nuclei with prominent nucleoli, and they were multiplied for 8 months in MM culture (half strength MS, 1 mg L-1 2,4-D, 2 mg L-1 2iP, 1 mg L-1 IBA, 250 mg L-1 citric acid, 10 mg L-1 cysteine, 100 mg L-1 inositol, 1 mg L-1 thiamine, 1 mg L-1 pyridoxine, 1 mg L-1 nicotinic acid, 1 mg L-1 glycine, 200 mg L-1 malt extract, and 100 mg L-1 casein hydrolysate). After multiplication, the MCB culture medium (half strength MS, supplemented with 0.25 mg L-1 NAA, 2 mg L-1 BAP, MM vitamins and 200 mg L-1 malt extract, and 100 mg L-1 casein hydrolysate) was the most efficient for embryo formation, showing meristematic centers with totipotent cells in histochemical analyses. The somatic embryos were developed and germinated in MG medium (half strength MS, 0.45 mg L-1 IAA, 0.25 mg L-1 BAP, and MM vitamins), transplanted into polyethylene tubes containing pine bark substrates, and acclimatized in a greenhouse, achieving a 97% survival rate. The use of picloram for callus induction and somatic embryogenesis is advantageous and multiplication in MM medium is an important step for increasing cell mass. The calli with light beige color and nodular structures have meristematic cells with dense cytoplasm and totipotential features that later give rise to protoderm, procambium, and ground meristem during the globular, cordiform, and torpedo embryogenesis phases. In MCB medium, the concentration of vitamins and amino acids are crucial for somatic embryogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- M S Pádua
- Laboratório Central de Biologia Molecular, Universidade Federal de Lavras/UFLA, Lavras, MG, 37200-000, Brazil.
| | - R S Santos
- Laboratório Central de Biologia Molecular, Universidade Federal de Lavras/UFLA, Lavras, MG, 37200-000, Brazil
| | - C R G Labory
- Departamento de Fitopatologia, Laboratório de Microscopia Eletrônica e Ultra-estrutural, Universidade Federal de Lavras/UFLA, Lavras, MG, 37200-000, Brazil
| | - V C Stein
- Laboratório de Farmacobotânica e Plantas Medicinais, Universidade Federal de São João Del Rei, Campus Centro-Oeste Dona Lindu. Av. Sebastião Gonçalves Coelho, 400 - Chanandour, Divinópolis, MG, 35501-296, Brazil
| | - E G Mendonça
- Instituto de Floresta/Departamento de Silvicultura, Universidade Federal Rural do Rio de Janeiro, Seropédica, RJ, 23897-000, Brazil
| | - E Alves
- Departamento de Fitopatologia, Laboratório de Microscopia Eletrônica e Ultra-estrutural, Universidade Federal de Lavras/UFLA, Lavras, MG, 37200-000, Brazil
| | - L V Paiva
- Laboratório Central de Biologia Molecular, Universidade Federal de Lavras/UFLA, Lavras, MG, 37200-000, Brazil
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Origin of Secondary Somatic Embryos and Genetic Stability of the Regenerated Plants in Hevea brasiliensis. J RUBBER RES 2017. [DOI: 10.1007/bf03449145] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
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Steinmacher DA, Heringer AS, Jiménez VM, Quoirin MGG, Guerra MP. Somatic Embryogenesis in Peach-Palm (Bactris gasipaes) Using Different Explant Sources. Methods Mol Biol 2016; 1359:279-88. [PMID: 26619867 DOI: 10.1007/978-1-4939-3061-6_12] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/23/2023]
Abstract
Peach palm (Bactris gasipaes Kunth) is a member of the family Arecaceae and is a multipurpose but underutilized species. Nowadays, fruit production for subsistence and local markets, and heart-of-palm production for local, national, and international markets are the most important uses of this plant. Conventional breeding programs in peach palm are long-term efforts due to the prolonged generation time, large plant size, difficulties with controlled pollination and other factors. Although it is a caespitose palm, its propagation is currently based on seeds, as off-shoots are difficult to root. Hence, tissue culture techniques are considered to be the most likely strategy for efficient clonal plantlet regeneration of this species. Among various techniques, somatic embryogenesis offers the advantages of potential automated large-scale production and putative genetic stability of the regenerated plantlets. The induction of somatic embryogenesis in peach palm can be achieved by using different explant sources including zygotic embryos, immature inflorescences and thin cell layers from the young leaves and shoot meristems. The choice of a particular explant depends on whether clonal propagation is desired or not, as well as on the plant conditions and availability of explants. Protocols to induce and express somatic embryogenesis from different peach palm explants, up to acclimatization of plantlets, are described in this chapter.
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Affiliation(s)
- Douglas A Steinmacher
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Agronomia, UFPR, Curitiba, PR, Brazil. .,Vivetech Agrociências, Rua Men de Sá, 391, Marechal Candido Rondon, 85960-000, PR, Brazil.
| | - Angelo Schuabb Heringer
- UENF, Universidade Estadual do Norte Fluminense Darcy Ribeiro, Campos dos Goytacazes, RJ, Brazil
| | | | | | - Miguel P Guerra
- Graduate Program in Plant Genetic Resources, Plant Developmental Physiology and Genetics Laboratory, Federal University of Santa Catarina (UFSC), Florianópolis, SC, Brazil
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Arabinogalactan-proteins stimulate somatic embryogenesis and plant propagation of Pelargonium sidoides. Carbohydr Polym 2016; 152:149-155. [PMID: 27516259 DOI: 10.1016/j.carbpol.2016.07.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2016] [Revised: 07/01/2016] [Accepted: 07/04/2016] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Root extracts of the medicinal plant Pelargonium sidoides, native to South Africa, are used globally for the treatment of common cold and cough. Due to an increasing economic commercialization of P. sidoides remedies, wild collections of root material should be accompanied by effective methods for plant propagation like somatic embryogenesis. Based on this, the influence of arabinogalactan-proteins (AGPs) on somatic embryogenesis and plant propagation of P. sidoides has been investigated. High-molecular weight AGPs have been isolated from dried roots as well as from cell cultures of P. sidoides with yields between 0.1% and 0.9%, respectively. AGPs are characterized by a 1,3-linked Galp backbone, branched at C6 to 1,6-linked Galp side chains terminated by Araf and to a minor extent by GlcpA, Galp or Rhap. Treatment of explants of P. sidoides with AGPs from roots or suspension culture over 5.5 weeks resulted in effective stimulation of somatic embryo development and plant regeneration.
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Nguyen QT, Bandupriya HDD, López-Villalobos A, Sisunandar S, Foale M, Adkins SW. Tissue culture and associated biotechnological interventions for the improvement of coconut (Cocos nucifera L.): a review. PLANTA 2015; 242:1059-1076. [PMID: 26189000 DOI: 10.1007/s00425-015-2362-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/06/2015] [Accepted: 06/24/2015] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
The present review discusses not only advances in coconut tissue culture and associated biotechnological interventions but also future research directions toward the resilience of this important palm crop. Coconut (Cocos nucifera L.) is commonly known as the 'tree of life'. Every component of the palm can be used to produce items of value and many can be converted into industrial products. Coconut cultivation faces a number of acute problems that reduce its productivity and competitiveness. These problems include various biotic and abiotic challenges as well as an unstable market for its traditional oil-based products. Around 10 million small-holder farmers cultivate coconut palms worldwide on c. 12 million hectares of land, and many more people own a few coconut palms that contribute to their livelihoods. Inefficiency in the production of seedlings for replanting remains an issue; however, tissue culture and other biotechnological interventions are expected to provide pragmatic solutions. Over the past 60 years, much research has been directed towards developing and improving protocols for (i) embryo culture; (ii) clonal propagation via somatic embryogenesis; (iii) homozygote production via anther culture; (iv) germplasm conservation via cryopreservation; and (v) genetic transformation. Recently other advances have revealed possible new ways to improve these protocols. Although effective embryo culture and cryopreservation are now possible, the limited frequency of conversion of somatic embryos to ex vitro seedlings still prevents the large-scale clonal propagation of coconut. This review illustrates how our knowledge of tissue culture and associated biotechnological interventions in coconut has so far developed. Further improvement of protocols and their application to a wider range of germplasm will continue to open up new horizons for the collection, conservation, breeding and productivity of coconut.
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Affiliation(s)
- Quang Thien Nguyen
- School of Agriculture and Food Sciences, The University of Queensland, St Lucia, Brisbane, QLD, 4072, Australia.
- School of Biotechnology, International University, Vietnam National University-HCM, Quarter 6, Linh Trung Ward, Thu Duc District, Ho Chi Minh City, 70000, Vietnam.
| | | | - Arturo López-Villalobos
- Department of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Sciences, University of Calgary, 2500 University Drive N.W., Calgary, AB, Canada
| | - S Sisunandar
- Biology Education Department, The University of Muhammadiyah, Purwokerto, Kampus Dukuhwaluh, Purwokerto, 53182, Indonesia
| | - Mike Foale
- School of Agriculture and Food Sciences, The University of Queensland, St Lucia, Brisbane, QLD, 4072, Australia
| | - Steve W Adkins
- School of Agriculture and Food Sciences, The University of Queensland, St Lucia, Brisbane, QLD, 4072, Australia
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22
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Corredoira E, Ballester A, Ibarra M, Vieitez AM. Induction of somatic embryogenesis in explants of shoot cultures established from adult Eucalyptus globulus and E. saligna × E. maidenii trees. TREE PHYSIOLOGY 2015; 35:678-90. [PMID: 25877768 DOI: 10.1093/treephys/tpv028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2015] [Accepted: 03/08/2015] [Indexed: 05/20/2023]
Abstract
A reproducible procedure for induction of somatic embryogenesis (SE) from adult trees of Eucalyptus globulus Labill. and the hybrid E. saligna Smith × E. maidenii has been developed for the first time. Somatic embryos were obtained from both shoot apex and leaf explants of all three genotypes evaluated, although embryogenic frequencies were significantly influenced by the species/genotype, auxin and explant type. Picloram was more efficient for somatic embryo induction than naphthaleneacetic acid (NAA), with the highest frequency of induction being obtained in Murashige and Skoog medium containing 40 µM picloram and 40 mg l(-1) gum Arabic, in which 64% of the shoot apex explants and 68.8% of the leaf explants yielded somatic embryos. The embryogenic response of the hybrid was higher than that of the E. globulus, especially when NAA was used. The cultures initiated on picloram-containing medium consisted of nodular embryogenic structures surrounded by a mucilaginous coating layer that emerged from a watery callus developed from the initial explants. Cotyledonary somatic embryos were differentiated after subculture of these nodular embryogenic structures on a medium lacking plant growth regulators. Histological analysis confirmed the bipolar organization of the somatic embryos, with shoot and root meristems and closed procambial tissue that bifurcated into small cotyledons. The root pole was more differentiated than the shoot pole, which appeared to be formed by a few meristematic layers. Maintenance of the embryogenic lines by secondary SE was attained by subculturing individual cotyledonary embryos or small clusters of globular and torpedo embryos on medium with 16.11 µM NAA at 4- to 5-week intervals. Somatic embryos converted into plantlets after being transferred to liquid germination medium although plant regeneration remained poor.
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Affiliation(s)
- E Corredoira
- Department of Plant Physiology, Instituto de Investigaciones Agrobiológicas de Galicia (CSIC), Apartado 122, 15705 Santiago de Compostela, Spain
| | - A Ballester
- Department of Plant Physiology, Instituto de Investigaciones Agrobiológicas de Galicia (CSIC), Apartado 122, 15705 Santiago de Compostela, Spain
| | | | - A M Vieitez
- Department of Plant Physiology, Instituto de Investigaciones Agrobiológicas de Galicia (CSIC), Apartado 122, 15705 Santiago de Compostela, Spain
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23
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Vilchez Perozo JA, Albany de Vilchez NR. Multiplicación in vitro de Psidium guajava L. en sistemas de inmersión temporal. REVISTA COLOMBIANA DE BIOTECNOLOGÍA 2014. [DOI: 10.15446/rev.colomb.biote.v16n2.42180] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
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24
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Georgiev V, Schumann A, Pavlov A, Bley T. Temporary immersion systems in plant biotechnology. Eng Life Sci 2014. [DOI: 10.1002/elsc.201300166] [Citation(s) in RCA: 78] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Vasil Georgiev
- Center for Viticulture and Small Fruit Research; Florida A & M University; Tallahassee FL USA
| | | | - Atanas Pavlov
- Department of Analytical Chemistry; University of Food Technologies; Plovdiv Bulgaria
- Laboratory of Applied Biotechnologies, The Stephan Angeloff Institute of Microbiology; Bulgarian Academy of Sciences; Plovdiv Bulgaria
| | - Thomas Bley
- Institute of Food Technology and Bioprocess Engineering; Technische Universität Dresden; Dresden Germany
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25
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The effects of growth regulators and a scanning electron microscope study of somatic embryogenesis in Antartic hair grass (Deschampsia antarctica Desv.). Polar Biol 2013. [DOI: 10.1007/s00300-013-1425-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
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26
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Heringer AS, Steinmacher DA, Schmidt ÉC, Bouzon ZL, Guerra MP. Survival and ultrastructural features of peach palm (Bactris gasipaes, Kunth) somatic embryos submitted to cryopreservation through vitrification. PROTOPLASMA 2013; 250:1185-1193. [PMID: 23636432 DOI: 10.1007/s00709-013-0500-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2012] [Accepted: 04/15/2013] [Indexed: 06/02/2023]
Abstract
Bactris gasipaes (Arecaceae), also known as peach palm, was domesticated by Amazonian Indians and is cultivated for its fruit and heart-of-palm, a vegetable grown in the tree's inner core. Currently, the conservation of this species relies on in situ conditions and field gene banks. Complementary conservation strategies, such as those based on in vitro techniques, are indicated in such cases. To establish an appropriate cryopreservation protocol, this study aimed to evaluate the ultrastructural features of B. gasipaes embryogenic cultures submitted to vitrification and subsequent cryogenic temperatures. Accordingly, somatic embryo clusters were submitted to Plant Vitrification Solution 3 (PVS3). In general, cells submitted to PVS3 had viable cell characteristics associated with apparently many mitochondria, prominent nucleus, and preserved cell walls. Cells not incubated in PVS3 did not survive after the cryogenic process in liquid nitrogen. The best incubation time for the vitrification technique was 240 min, resulting in a survival rate of 37 %. In these cases, several features were indicative of quite active cell metabolism, including intact nuclei and preserved cell walls, an apparently many of mitochondria and lipid bodies, and the presence of many starch granules and condensed chromatin. Moreover, ultrastructure analysis revealed that overall cellular structures had been preserved after cryogenic treatment, thus validating the use of vitrification in conjunction with cryopreservation of peach palm elite genotypes, as well as wild genotypes, which carry a rich pool of genes that must be conserved.
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Affiliation(s)
- Angelo Schuabb Heringer
- Graduate Program in Plant Genetic Resources, Plant Developmental Physiology and Genetics Laboratory, Federal University of Santa Catarina, Rod. Admar Gonzaga, Km 3, Florianópolis, SC, 88034-001, Brazil
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27
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Rival A, Ilbert P, Labeyrie A, Torres E, Doulbeau S, Personne A, Dussert S, Beulé T, Durand-Gasselin T, Tregear JW, Jaligot E. Variations in genomic DNA methylation during the long-term in vitro proliferation of oil palm embryogenic suspension cultures. PLANT CELL REPORTS 2013; 32:359-368. [PMID: 23179461 DOI: 10.1007/s00299-012-1369-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2012] [Revised: 09/03/2012] [Accepted: 11/06/2012] [Indexed: 05/24/2023]
Abstract
KEY MESSAGE : The long-term proliferation of embryogenic cell suspensions of oil palm is associated with changes in both genomic methylation rates and embryogenic capacities. In the aim of exploring the relationship between epigenetic stability and the long-term in vitro proliferation of plant tissues, we have studied changes in genomic DNA methylation levels in embryogenic suspensions of oil palm (Elaeis guineensis Jacq.). Five embryogenic callus lines were obtained from selected hybrid seeds and then proliferated as suspension cultures. Each clonal line obtained from a single genotype was subdivided into three independent subclonal lines. Once established, cultures proliferated for 12 months and genomic DNA was sampled at 4 months intervals for the estimation of global DNA methylation rates through high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) quantitation of deoxynucleosides. Our results show that in vitro proliferation induces DNA hypermethylation in a time-dependent fashion. Moreover, this trend is statistically significant in several clonal lines and shared between subclonal lines originating from the same genotype. Interestingly, the only clonal line undergoing loss of genomic methylation in the course of proliferation has been found unable to generate somatic embryos. We discuss the possible implications of genome-wide DNA methylation changes in proliferating cells with a view to the maintenance of genomic and epigenomic stability.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alain Rival
- CIRAD, UMR DIADE (IRD, UMSF), 34394, Montpellier, France
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28
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Steinmacher DA, Saare-Surminski K, Lieberei R. Arabinogalactan proteins and the extracellular matrix surface network during peach palm somatic embryogenesis. PHYSIOLOGIA PLANTARUM 2012; 146:336-49. [PMID: 22574975 DOI: 10.1111/j.1399-3054.2012.01642.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/16/2023]
Abstract
Somatic embryogenesis has been described in peach palm as a reliable method for its in vitro multiplication and conservation. In this study, we evaluated the possible role of arabinogalactan proteins (AGPs) during this morphogenetic pathway. The presence of Yariv reagent, a synthesized chemical antibody that specifically binds AGP molecules, affected somatic embryos and callus development rate, but no effect was observed on fresh weight increment. This substance also had profound effects on embryo morphology: somatic embryos presented loose cells in the protoderm and no signs of polarization could be observed. To better evaluate the role of AGPs, analyses of specific monoclonal antibodies (MAbs) against different AGP epitopes revealed a specific pattern of distribution for each epitope. MAb JIM13 had differential expression and showed intense signal on the embryogenic sector and some immediately adjacent layers. MAb JIM7 against pectin recognized cell walls and a specific layer over the developing somatic embryo, as well as over the shoot meristem region of mature somatic embryos. This corresponds to an extracellular matrix surface network (ECMSN) associated with the development of somatic embryos and closely related to the expression of MAb JIM13. Scanning electron microscopy confirmed the presence of an ECMSN covering a specific group of cells and ultra-structural analyses revealed that the ECMSN had lipophilic substances.
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Affiliation(s)
- Douglas A Steinmacher
- Department of Crop Science and Plant Ecology, Biocentre Klein Flottbek and Botanical Garden, University Hamburg, Ohnhorststr. 18, 22609 Hamburg, Germany.
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29
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de Almeida M, de Almeida CV, Mendes Graner E, Ebling Brondani G, Fiori de Abreu-Tarazi M. Pre-procambial cells are niches for pluripotent and totipotent stem-like cells for organogenesis and somatic embryogenesis in the peach palm: a histological study. PLANT CELL REPORTS 2012; 31:1495-515. [PMID: 22534682 DOI: 10.1007/s00299-012-1264-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/13/2012] [Revised: 03/26/2012] [Accepted: 04/10/2012] [Indexed: 05/18/2023]
Abstract
UNLABELLED The direct induction of adventitious buds and somatic embryos from explants is a morphogenetic process that is under the influence of exogenous plant growth regulators and its interactions with endogenous phytohormones. We performed an in vitro histological analysis in peach palm (Bactris gasipaes Kunth) shoot apexes and determined that the positioning of competent cells and their interaction with neighboring cells, under the influence of combinations of exogenously applied growth regulators (NAA/BAP and NAA/TDZ), allows the pre-procambial cells (PPCs) to act in different morphogenic pathways to establish niche competent cells. It is likely that there has been a habituation phenomenon during the regeneration and development of the microplants. This includes promoting the tillering of primary or secondary buds due to culturing in the absence of NAA/BAP or NAA/TDZ after a period in the presence of these growth regulators. Histological analyses determined that the adventitious roots were derived from the dedifferentiation of the parenchymal cells located in the basal region of the adventitious buds, with the establishment of rooting pole, due to an auxin gradient. Furthermore, histological and histochemical analyses allowed us to characterize how the PPCs provide niches for multipotent, pluripotent and totipotent stem-like cells for vascular differentiation, organogenesis and somatic embryogenesis in the peach palm. The histological and histochemical analyses also allowed us to detect the unicellular or multicellular origin of somatic embryogenesis. Therefore, our results indicate that the use of growth regulators in microplants can lead to habituation and to different morphogenic pathways leading to potential niche establishment, depending on the positioning of the competent cells and their interaction with neighboring cells. KEY MESSAGE Our results indicate that the use of growth regulators in microplants can lead to habituation and to different morphogenic pathways leading to potential niche establishment, depending on the positioning of the competent cells and their interaction with neighboring cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marcilio de Almeida
- Departamento de Ciências Biológicas PPG em Fisiologia e Bioquímica de Plantas e PPG em Recursos Florestais, Escola Superior de Agricultura "Luiz de Queiroz", Universidade de São Paulo, Piracicaba, São Paulo 13.418-900, Brazil.
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30
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Tregear JW, Rival A, Pintaud JC. A family portrait: unravelling the complexities of palms. ANNALS OF BOTANY 2011; 108:1387-1389. [PMID: 22200064 PMCID: PMC3219500 DOI: 10.1093/aob/mcr269] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/31/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- James W Tregear
- IRD, IRD/CIRAD Palm Developmental Biology Group; UMR DIADE, Centre IRD, 911 avenue Agropolis, 34394 Montpellier, France.
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