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Conceição TA, Santos AS, Fernandes AKC, Meireles GN, de Oliveira FA, Barbosa RM, Gaiotto FA. Guiding seed movement: environmental heterogeneity drives genetic differentiation in Plathymenia reticulata, providing insights for restoration. AOB PLANTS 2024; 16:plae032. [PMID: 38883565 PMCID: PMC11176975 DOI: 10.1093/aobpla/plae032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/05/2023] [Accepted: 05/28/2024] [Indexed: 06/18/2024]
Abstract
Forest and landscape restoration is one of the main strategies for overcoming the environmental crisis. This activity is particularly relevant for biodiversity-rich areas threatened by deforestation, such as tropical forests. Efficient long-term restoration requires understanding the composition and genetic structure of native populations, as well as the factors that influence these genetic components. This is because these populations serve as the seed sources and, therefore, the gene reservoirs for areas under restoration. In the present study, we investigated the influence of environmental, climatic and spatial distance factors on the genetic patterns of Plathymenia reticulata, aiming to support seed translocation strategies for restoration areas. We collected plant samples from nine populations of P. reticulata in the state of Bahia, Brazil, located in areas of Atlantic Forest and Savanna, across four climatic types, and genotyped them using nine nuclear and three chloroplast microsatellite markers. The populations of P. reticulata evaluated generally showed low to moderate genotypic variability and low haplotypic diversity. The populations within the Savanna phytophysiognomy showed values above average for six of the eight evaluated genetic diversity parameters. Using this classification based on phytophysiognomy demonstrated a high predictive power for genetic differentiation in P. reticulata. Furthermore, the interplay of climate, soil and geographic distance influenced the spread of alleles across the landscape. Based on our findings, we propose seed translocation, taking into account the biome, with restricted use of seed sources acquired or collected from the same environment as the areas to be restored (Savanna or Atlantic Forest).
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Affiliation(s)
- Taise Almeida Conceição
- Escola Superior de Agricultura Luiz de Queiroz, Universidade de São Paulo, USP, Piracicaba, São Paulo 13418-900, Brazil
| | - Alesandro Souza Santos
- Laboratório de Marcadores Moleculares, Centro de Biotecnologia e Genética, Universidade Estadual de Santa Cruz, Rodovia Ilhéus-Itabuna, km 16, Ilhéus, Bahia 45662-900, Brazil
- Laboratório de Ecologia Aplicada à Conservação, Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ecologia e Conservação da Biodiversidade, Universidade Estadual de Santa Cruz, Rodovia Ilhéus-Itabuna, km 16, Ilhéus, Bahia 45662-900, Brazil
| | - Ane Karoline Campos Fernandes
- Laboratório de Marcadores Moleculares, Centro de Biotecnologia e Genética, Universidade Estadual de Santa Cruz, Rodovia Ilhéus-Itabuna, km 16, Ilhéus, Bahia 45662-900, Brazil
| | - Gabriela Nascimento Meireles
- Laboratório de Marcadores Moleculares, Centro de Biotecnologia e Genética, Universidade Estadual de Santa Cruz, Rodovia Ilhéus-Itabuna, km 16, Ilhéus, Bahia 45662-900, Brazil
| | - Fernanda Ancelmo de Oliveira
- Centro de Biologia Molecular e Engenharia Genética (CBMEG), Departamento de Biologia Vegetal, Instituto de Biologia, Universidade Estadual de Campinas, UNICAMP, Campinas, São Paulo 13083-875, Brazil
| | - Rafael Marani Barbosa
- Departamento de Ciências Agrárias e Ambientais, Universidade Estadual de Santa Cruz, Rodovia Ilhéus-Itabuna, km 16, Ilhéus, Bahia 45662-900, Brazil
| | - Fernanda Amato Gaiotto
- Escola Superior de Agricultura Luiz de Queiroz, Universidade de São Paulo, USP, Piracicaba, São Paulo 13418-900, Brazil
- Laboratório de Ecologia Aplicada à Conservação, Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ecologia e Conservação da Biodiversidade, Universidade Estadual de Santa Cruz, Rodovia Ilhéus-Itabuna, km 16, Ilhéus, Bahia 45662-900, Brazil
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2
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Erlichman A, Sandell L, Otto SP, Aitken SN, Ronce O. Planting long-lived trees in a warming climate: Theory shows the importance of stage-dependent climatic tolerance. Evol Appl 2024; 17:e13711. [PMID: 38894979 PMCID: PMC11183180 DOI: 10.1111/eva.13711] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2023] [Revised: 04/09/2024] [Accepted: 04/25/2024] [Indexed: 06/21/2024] Open
Abstract
Climate change poses a particular threat to long-lived trees, which may not adapt or migrate fast enough to keep up with rising temperatures. Assisted gene flow could facilitate adaptation of populations to future climates by using managed translocation of seeds from a warmer location (provenance) within the current range of a species. Finding the provenance that will perform best in terms of survival or growth is complicated by a trade-off. Because trees face a rapidly changing climate during their long lives, the alleles that confer optimal performance may vary across their lifespan. For instance, trees from warmer provenances could be well adapted as adults but suffer from colder temperatures while juvenile. Here we use a stage-structured model, using both analytical predictions and numerical simulations, to determine which provenance would maximize the survival of a cohort of long-lived trees in a changing climate. We parameterize our simulations using empirically estimated demographic transition matrices for 20 long-lived tree species. Unable to find reliable quantitative estimates of how climatic tolerance changes across stages in these same species, we varied this parameter to study its effect. Both our mathematical model and simulations predict that the best provenance depends strongly on how fast the climate changes and also how climatic tolerance varies across the lifespan of a tree. We thus call for increased empirical efforts to measure how climate tolerance changes over life in long-lived species, as our model suggests that it should strongly influence the best provenance for assisted gene flow.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adèle Erlichman
- ISEM, Univ Montpellier, CNRS, IRDMontpellierFrance
- Department of ZoologyUniversity of British ColumbiaVancouverBritish ColumbiaCanada
| | - Linnea Sandell
- Department of ZoologyUniversity of British ColumbiaVancouverBritish ColumbiaCanada
- Department of Organismal BiologyUppsala UniversityUppsalaSweden
- Department of Urban and Rural DevelopmentSwedish University of AgricultureUppsalaSweden
| | - Sarah P. Otto
- Department of ZoologyUniversity of British ColumbiaVancouverBritish ColumbiaCanada
| | - Sally N. Aitken
- Department of Forest and Conservation SciencesUniversity of British ColumbiaVancouverBritish ColumbiaCanada
| | - Ophélie Ronce
- ISEM, Univ Montpellier, CNRS, IRDMontpellierFrance
- Department of ZoologyUniversity of British ColumbiaVancouverBritish ColumbiaCanada
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3
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Jordan R, Harrison PA, Breed M. The eco-evolutionary risks of not changing seed provenancing practices in changing environments. Ecol Lett 2024; 27:e14348. [PMID: 38288869 DOI: 10.1111/ele.14348] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2023] [Revised: 11/10/2023] [Accepted: 11/12/2023] [Indexed: 02/01/2024]
Abstract
Sourcing seed from local populations has been the long-standing default for native restoration plantings for numerous eco-evolutionary reasons. However, rapidly changing environments are revealing risks associated with both non-local and local provenancing. As alternative strategies gain interest, we argue to progress seed sourcing discussions towards developing risk-based decision-making that weighs the risks of changing and not changing in a changing environment, transcending historic default positions and local versus non-local debates.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Peter A Harrison
- Australian Research Council Centre for Forest Value & School of Natural Sciences, University of Tasmania, Sandy Bay, Tasmania, Australia
| | - Martin Breed
- College of Science and Engineering, Flinders University, Bedford Park, South Australia, Australia
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Jones SH, Reed PB, Roy BA, Morris WF, DeMarche ML. Seed type and origin-dependent seedling emergence patterns in Danthonia californica, a species commonly used in grassland restoration. PLANT-ENVIRONMENT INTERACTIONS (HOBOKEN, N.J.) 2023; 4:97-113. [PMID: 37288163 PMCID: PMC10243543 DOI: 10.1002/pei3.10105] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/03/2022] [Revised: 02/18/2023] [Accepted: 02/27/2023] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Danthonia californica Bolander (Poaceae)is a native perennial bunchgrass commonly used in the restoration of prairie ecosystems in the western United States. Plants of this species simultaneously produce both chasmogamous (potentially outcrossed) and cleistogamous (obligately self-fertilized) seeds. Restoration practitioners almost exclusively use chasmogamous seeds for outplanting, which are predicted to perform better in novel environments due to their greater genetic diversity. Meanwhile, cleistogamous seeds may exhibit greater local adaptation to the conditions in which the maternal plant exists. We performed a common garden experiment at two sites in the Willamette Valley, Oregon, to assess the influence of seed type and source population (eight populations from a latitudinal gradient) on seedling emergence and found no evidence of local adaptation for either seed type. Cleistogamous seeds outperformed chasmogamous seeds, regardless of whether seeds were sourced directly from the common gardens (local seeds) or other populations (nonlocal seeds). Furthermore, average seed weight had a strong positive effect on seedling emergence, despite the fact that chasmogamous seeds had significantly greater mass than cleistogamous seeds. At one common garden, we observed that seeds of both types sourced from north of our planting site performed significantly better than local or southern-sourced seeds. We also found a significant seed type and distance-dependent interaction, with cleistogamous seedling emergence peaking approximately 125 km from the garden. These results suggest that cleistogamous seeds should be considered for greater use in D. californica restoration.
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Affiliation(s)
- S. Holden Jones
- School of Life SciencesUniversity of Hawai'i at MānoaHonoluluHawaii96822USA
| | - Paul B. Reed
- Institute for Applied EcologyCorvallisOregon97333USA
| | - Bitty A. Roy
- Institute of Ecology and EvolutionUniversity of OregonEugeneOregon97403USA
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Van Daele F, Honnay O, De Kort H. Genomic analyses point to a low evolutionary potential of prospective source populations for assisted migration in a forest herb. Evol Appl 2022; 15:1859-1874. [PMID: 36426124 PMCID: PMC9679244 DOI: 10.1111/eva.13485] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/03/2022] [Revised: 08/13/2022] [Accepted: 09/17/2022] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Climate change is increasingly impacting temperate forest ecosystems and many forest herbs might be unable to track the changing climate due to dispersal limitation. Forest herbs with a low adaptive capacity may therefore benefit from conservation strategies that mitigate dispersal limitation and evolutionary constraints, such as assisted migration. However, assisted migration strategies rarely consider evolutionary constraints of potential source populations that may jeopardize their success. In cases where climate adaptation is overshadowed by competing evolutionary processes, assisted migration is unlikely to support adaptation to future climates. Using a combination of population and landscape genomic analyses, we disentangled local adaptation drivers and quantified the adaptability and vulnerability to climate change of the self-incompatible deciduous forest herb Primula elatior. Southern populations displayed a sharp genetic turnover and a considerable amount of local adaptation under diversifying selection was discovered. However, most of the outlier loci could not be linked to climate variables (71%) and were likely related to other local adaptation drivers, such as photoperiodism. Furthermore, specific adaptations to climate extremes, such as drought stress, could not be detected. This is in line with the typical occurrence of forest herbs in buffered climatic conditions, which can be expected to reduce selection pressures imposed by climate. Finally, populations in the south of the distribution area had increased sensitivity to climate change due to a reduced adaptive capacity and a moderate genetic offset, while central European populations were sensitive due to a high genetic offset. We conclude that assisted migration from southern source populations could bear significant risk due to nonclimatic maladaptation and a low adaptive capacity. Regional admixture and restoration of ecological connectivity to increase the adaptive capacity, and assisted range expansion to suitable habitat in the north might be more appropriate mitigation strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Frederik Van Daele
- Department of Biology, Plant Conservation and Population BiologyKU LeuvenLeuvenBelgium
| | - Olivier Honnay
- Department of Biology, Plant Conservation and Population BiologyKU LeuvenLeuvenBelgium
| | - Hanne De Kort
- Department of Biology, Plant Conservation and Population BiologyKU LeuvenLeuvenBelgium
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6
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Vitt P, Finch J, Barak RS, Braum A, Frischie S, Redlinski I. Seed sourcing strategies for ecological restoration under climate change: A review of the current literature. FRONTIERS IN CONSERVATION SCIENCE 2022. [DOI: 10.3389/fcosc.2022.938110] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022] Open
Abstract
Climate change continues to alter the seasonal timing and extremes of global temperature and precipitation patterns. These departures from historic conditions along with the predicted variability of future climates present a challenge to seed sourcing, or provenance strategy decisions, within the practice of ecological restoration. The “local is best” for seed sourcing paradigm is predicated upon the assumption that ecotypes are genetically adapted to their local environment. However, local adaptations are potentially being outpaced by climate change, and the ability of plant populations to naturally migrate or shift their distribution accordingly may be limited by habitat fragmentation. Restoration practitioners and natural area managers have a general understanding of the importance of matching the inherent adaptations of source populations with the current and/or future site conditions where those seeds or propagules are planted. However, for many species used in seed-based restoration, there is a lack of empirical evidence to guide seed sourcing decisions, which are critical for the longevity and ecological function of restored natural communities. With the goal of characterizing, synthesizing, and applying experimental research to guide restoration practice, we conducted a systematic review of the literature on provenance testing of taxa undertaken to inform seed sourcing strategies for climate resiliency. We found a strong bias in the choice of study organism: most studies have been conducted on tree species. We also found a strong bias regarding where this research has been conducted, with North America (52%) and Europe (31%) overrepresented. Experiments were designed to assess how propagule origin influences performance across both climatic (26%) and geographic (15%) distance, with some studies focused on determining how climate normal conditions (39%) impacted performance related to survivorship, growth and other parameters. We describe the patterns and gaps our review identified, highlight specific topics which require further research, and provide practical suggestions of immediate and longer-term tools that restoration practitioners can use to guide and build resilient natural communities under future climate scenarios.
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Wagatsuma S, Imanishi J, Suyama Y, Matsuo A, Sato MP, Mitsuyuki C, Tsunamoto Y, Tominaga T, Shimono Y. Revegetation in Japan overlooks geographical genetic structure of native
Artemisia indica
var.
maximowiczii
populations. Restor Ecol 2022. [DOI: 10.1111/rec.13567] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Satoshi Wagatsuma
- Graduate School of Agriculture Kyoto University, Kitashirakawa Oiwake‐cho, Sakyo‐ku Kyoto 606‐8502 Japan
| | - Junichi Imanishi
- Graduate School of Life and Environmental Sciences Osaka Prefecture University, 1‐1, Gakuen‐cho, Naka‐ku, Sakai Osaka 599‐8531 Japan
| | - Yoshihisa Suyama
- Graduate School of Agricultural Science Tohoku University, 232‐3, Yomogida, Naruko‐onsen, Osaki Miyagi 989‐6711 Japan
| | - Ayumi Matsuo
- Graduate School of Agricultural Science Tohoku University, 232‐3, Yomogida, Naruko‐onsen, Osaki Miyagi 989‐6711 Japan
| | - Mitsuhiko P. Sato
- Graduate School of Agricultural Science Tohoku University, 232‐3, Yomogida, Naruko‐onsen, Osaki Miyagi 989‐6711 Japan
| | - Chika Mitsuyuki
- Graduate School of Agricultural Science Tohoku University, 232‐3, Yomogida, Naruko‐onsen, Osaki Miyagi 989‐6711 Japan
| | - Yoshihiro Tsunamoto
- Graduate School of Agricultural Science Tohoku University, 232‐3, Yomogida, Naruko‐onsen, Osaki Miyagi 989‐6711 Japan
| | - Tohru Tominaga
- Graduate School of Agriculture Kyoto University, Kitashirakawa Oiwake‐cho, Sakyo‐ku Kyoto 606‐8502 Japan
| | - Yoshiko Shimono
- Graduate School of Agriculture Kyoto University, Kitashirakawa Oiwake‐cho, Sakyo‐ku Kyoto 606‐8502 Japan
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8
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Walters SJ, Robinson TP, Byrne M, Nevill P. Seed sourcing in the genomics era: Multispecies provenance delineation for current and future climates. Restor Ecol 2022. [DOI: 10.1111/rec.13718] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Sheree J. Walters
- ARC Centre for Mine Site Restoration, School of Molecular and Life Sciences Curtin University Bentley WA 6102 Australia
| | - Todd P. Robinson
- School of Earth and Planetary Sciences Curtin University Bentley WA 6102 Australia
| | - Margaret Byrne
- Biodiversity and Conservation Science, Department of Biodiversity Conservation and Attractions, Locked Bag 104, Bentley Delivery Centre WA 6983 Australia
- School of Molecular and Life Sciences Curtin University Bentley WA 6102 Australia
| | - Paul Nevill
- ARC Centre for Mine Site Restoration, School of Molecular and Life Sciences Curtin University Bentley WA 6102 Australia
- Trace and Environmental DNA Laboratory, School of Molecular and Life Sciences Curtin University Bentley WA 6102 Australia
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Filbee-Dexter K, Wernberg T, Barreiro R, Coleman MA, de Bettignies T, Feehan CJ, Franco JN, Hasler B, Louro I, Norderhaug KM, Staehr PAU, Tuya F, Verbeek J. Leveraging the blue economy to transform marine forest restoration. JOURNAL OF PHYCOLOGY 2022; 58:198-207. [PMID: 35092031 DOI: 10.1111/jpy.13239] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2021] [Revised: 10/30/2021] [Accepted: 12/29/2021] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
The UN Decade of Ecosystem Restoration is a response to the urgent need to substantially accelerate and upscale ecological restoration to secure Earth's sustainable future. Globally, restoration commitments have focused overwhelmingly on terrestrial forests. In contrast, despite a strong value proposition, efforts to restore seaweed forests lag far behind other major ecosystems and continue to be dominated by small-scale, short-term academic experiments. However, seaweed forest restoration can match the scale of damage and threat if moved from academia into the hands of community groups, industry, and restoration practitioners. Connecting two rapidly growing sectors in the Blue Economy-seaweed cultivation and the restoration industry-can transform marine forest restoration into a commercial-scale enterprise that can make a significant contribution to global restoration efforts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Karen Filbee-Dexter
- Institute of Marine Research, His, Norway
- School of Biological Sciences and Oceans Institute, University of Western Australia, Perth, Australia
| | - Thomas Wernberg
- Institute of Marine Research, His, Norway
- School of Biological Sciences and Oceans Institute, University of Western Australia, Perth, Australia
| | - Rodolfo Barreiro
- Facultad de Ciencias y Centro de Investigaciones Científicas Avanzadas, Universidad de A Coruña, A Coruna, Spain
| | - Melinda A Coleman
- School of Biological Sciences and Oceans Institute, University of Western Australia, Perth, Australia
- Department of Primary Industries, Coffs Harbour, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Thibaut de Bettignies
- UMS Patrimoine Naturel, OFB-CNRS-MNHN, Muséum national d'Histoire naturelle, Paris, France
| | - Colette J Feehan
- Department of Biology, Montclair State University, Montclair, New Jersey, USA
| | - Joao N Franco
- MARE-Marine and Environmental Sciences Centre, ESTM, Politécnico de Leiria, Peniche, Portugal
| | - Berit Hasler
- Department of Bioscience, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark
| | | | | | | | - Fernando Tuya
- University of Las Palmas de Gran Canaria, Las Palmas, Canary Islands, Spain
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10
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Conrady M, Lampei C, Bossdorf O, Durka W, Bucharova A. Evolution during seed production for ecological restoration? A molecular analysis of 19 species finds only minor genomic changes. J Appl Ecol 2022. [DOI: 10.1111/1365-2664.14155] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Malte Conrady
- Institute of Landscape Ecology University of Münster Münster Germany
- Department of Biology, Philipps‐University Marburg Marburg Germany
| | - Christian Lampei
- Institute of Landscape Ecology University of Münster Münster Germany
| | - Oliver Bossdorf
- Plant Evolutionary Ecology Institute of Evolution & Ecology; University of Tübingen; Tübingen; Germany
| | - Walter Durka
- Department of Community Ecology, Helmholtz Centre for Environmental Research ‐ UFZ; Halle; Germany
- German Centre for Integrative Biodiversity Research (iDiv) Halle‐Jena‐Leipzig Leipzig Germany
| | - Anna Bucharova
- Institute of Landscape Ecology University of Münster Münster Germany
- Department of Biology, Philipps‐University Marburg Marburg Germany
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Abstract
Mangroves form coastal tropical forests in the intertidal zone and are an important component of shoreline protection. In comparison to other tropical forests, mangrove stands are thought to have relatively low genetic diversity with population genetic structure gradually increasing with distance along a coastline. We conducted genetic analyses of mangrove forests across a range of spatial scales; within a 400 m2 parcel comprising 181 Rhizophora mangle (red mangrove) trees, and across four sites ranging from 6-115 km apart in Honduras. In total, we successfully genotyped 269 R. mangle trees, using a panel of 677 SNPs developed with 2b-RAD methodology. Within the 400 m2 parcel, we found two distinct clusters with high levels of genetic differentiation (FST = 0.355), corresponding to trees primarily located on the seaward fringe and trees growing deeper into the forest. In contrast, there was limited genetic differentiation (FST = 0.027-0.105) across the sites at a larger scale, which had been predominantly sampled along the seaward fringe. Within the 400 m2 parcel, the cluster closest to the seaward fringe exhibited low genetic differentiation (FST = 0.014-0.043) with the other Honduran sites, but the cluster further into the forest was highly differentiated from them (FST = 0.326-0.414). These findings contradict the perception that genetic structure within mangroves forests occurs mainly along a coastline and highlights that there is greater genetic structure at fine spatial scales.
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Lem AJ, Liddicoat C, Bissett A, Cando‐Dumancela C, Gardner MG, Peddle SD, Watson CD, Breed MF. Does revegetation cause soil microbiota recovery? Evidence from revisiting a revegetation chronosequence six years after initial sampling. Restor Ecol 2022. [DOI: 10.1111/rec.13635] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Alfie J. Lem
- College of Science and Engineering Flinders University Bedford Park SA 5042 Australia
| | - Craig Liddicoat
- College of Science and Engineering Flinders University Bedford Park SA 5042 Australia
- School of Public Health The University of Adelaide, SA, 5005 Australia
| | - Andrew Bissett
- CSIRO Oceans and Atmosphere Hobart Tasmania 7001 Australia
| | | | - Michael G. Gardner
- College of Science and Engineering Flinders University Bedford Park SA 5042 Australia
- Evolutionary Biology Unit, South Australian Museum, North Terrace Adelaide SA 5000 Australia
| | - Shawn D. Peddle
- College of Science and Engineering Flinders University Bedford Park SA 5042 Australia
| | - Carl D. Watson
- College of Science and Engineering Flinders University Bedford Park SA 5042 Australia
| | - Martin F. Breed
- College of Science and Engineering Flinders University Bedford Park SA 5042 Australia
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13
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Jochems LW, Lau JA, Brudvig LA, Grman E. Do southern seed or soil microbes mitigate the effects of warming on establishing prairie plant communities? ECOLOGICAL APPLICATIONS : A PUBLICATION OF THE ECOLOGICAL SOCIETY OF AMERICA 2022; 32:e02487. [PMID: 34679217 DOI: 10.1002/eap.2487] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/25/2020] [Revised: 03/31/2021] [Accepted: 05/17/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Restoration in this era of climate change comes with a new challenge: anticipating how best to restore populations to persist under future climate conditions. Specifically, it remains unknown whether locally adapted or warm-adapted seeds best promote native plant community restoration in the warmer conditions predicted in the future and whether local or warm-adapted soil microbial communities could mitigate plant responses to warming. This may be especially relevant for biomes spanning large climatic gradients, such as the North American tallgrass prairie. Here, we used a short-term mesocosm experiment to evaluate how seed provenances (Local Northern region, Non-local Northern region, Non-local Southern region) of 10 native tallgrass prairie plants (four forbs, two legumes, and four grasses) responded to warmer conditions predicted in the future and how soil microbial communities from those three regions influenced these responses. Warming and seed provenance affected plant community composition and warming decreased plant diversity for all three seed provenances. Plant species varied in their individual responses to warming, and across species, we detected no consistent differences among the three provenances in terms of biomass response to warming and few strong effects of soil provenance. Our work provides evidence that warming, in part, may reduce plant diversity and affect restored prairie composition. Because the southern provenance did not consistently outperform others under warming and we found little support for the "local is best" paradigm currently dominating restoration practice, identifying appropriate seed provenances to promote restoration success both now and in future warmer environments may be challenging. Due to the idiosyncratic responses across species, we recommend that land managers compare seeds from different regions for each species to determine which seed provenance performs best under warming and in restoration for tallgrass prairies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Louis W Jochems
- Department of Biology, Eastern Michigan University, 441 Mark Jefferson Hall, Ypsilanti, Michigan, 48197, USA
| | - Jennifer A Lau
- Department of Biology and the Environmental Resilience Institute, Indiana University, Bloomington, Indiana, 47405, USA
| | - Lars A Brudvig
- Department of Plant Biology and Program in Ecology, Evolution and Behavior, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan, 48824, USA
| | - Emily Grman
- Department of Biology, Eastern Michigan University, 441 Mark Jefferson Hall, Ypsilanti, Michigan, 48197, USA
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14
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Hornick KM, Plough LV. Genome-wide analysis of natural and restored eastern oyster populations reveals local adaptation and positive impacts of planting frequency and broodstock number. Evol Appl 2022; 15:40-59. [PMID: 35126647 PMCID: PMC8792482 DOI: 10.1111/eva.13322] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/18/2021] [Revised: 10/22/2021] [Accepted: 10/24/2021] [Indexed: 01/20/2023] Open
Abstract
The release of captive-bred plants and animals has increased worldwide to augment declining species. However, insufficient attention has been given to understanding how neutral and adaptive genetic variation are partitioned within and among proximal natural populations, and the patterns and drivers of gene flow over small spatial scales, which can be important for restoration success. A seascape genomics approach was used to investigate population structure, local adaptation, and the extent to which environmental gradients influence genetic variation among natural and restored populations of Chesapeake Bay eastern oysters Crassostrea virginica. We also investigated the impact of hatchery practices on neutral genetic diversity of restored reefs and quantified the broader genetic impacts of large-scale hatchery-based bivalve restoration. Restored reefs showed similar levels of diversity as natural reefs, and striking relationships were found between planting frequency and broodstock numbers and genetic diversity metrics (effective population size and relatedness), suggesting that hatchery practices can have a major impact on diversity. Despite long-term restoration activities, haphazard historical translocations, and high dispersal potential of larvae that could homogenize allele frequencies among populations, moderate neutral population genetic structure was uncovered. Moreover, environmental factors, namely salinity, pH, and temperature, play a major role in the distribution of neutral and adaptive genetic variation. For marine invertebrates in heterogeneous seascapes, collecting broodstock from large populations experiencing similar environments to candidate sites may provide the most appropriate sources for restoration and ensure population resilience in the face of rapid environmental change. This is one of a few studies to demonstrate empirically that hatchery practices have a major impact on the retention of genetic diversity. Overall, these results contribute to the growing body of evidence for fine-scale genetic structure and local adaptation in broadcast-spawning marine species and provide novel information for the management of an important fisheries resource.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katherine M. Hornick
- University of Maryland Center for Environmental ScienceHorn Point LaboratoryCambridgeMarylandUSA
| | - Louis V. Plough
- University of Maryland Center for Environmental ScienceHorn Point LaboratoryCambridgeMarylandUSA
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Harrison PA, Davidson NJ, Bailey TG, Jones M, Gilfedder L, Bridle K, Bowman DMJS, Baker TP, Richardson BJ, Wallis L, Potts BM. A decade of restoring a temperate woodland: Lessons learned and future directions. ECOLOGICAL MANAGEMENT & RESTORATION 2021. [DOI: 10.1111/emr.12537] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/23/2023]
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16
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Bailey TG, Harrison PA, Davidson NJ, Weller‐Wong A, Tilyard P, Steane DA, Vaillancourt RE, Potts BM. Embedding genetics experiments in restoration to guide plant choice for a degraded landscape with a changing climate. ECOLOGICAL MANAGEMENT & RESTORATION 2021. [DOI: 10.1111/emr.12474] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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17
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Harrison PA, Camarretta N, Krisanski S, Bailey TG, Davidson NJ, Bain G, Hamer R, Gardiner R, Proft K, Taskhiri MS, Turner P, Turner D, Lucieer A. From communities to individuals: Using remote sensing to inform and monitor woodland restoration. ECOLOGICAL MANAGEMENT & RESTORATION 2021. [DOI: 10.1111/emr.12505] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
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18
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Harrison PA. Climate change and the suitability of local and non‐local species for ecosystem restoration. ECOLOGICAL MANAGEMENT & RESTORATION 2021. [DOI: 10.1111/emr.12520] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
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Westergaard KB, Kyrkjeeide MO, Brandrud MK. Using genomics to guide seed-sourcing at the right taxonomical level for ecological restoration projects: The complex case of Carex bigelowii s.lat. in Norway. Ecol Evol 2021; 11:17117-17131. [PMID: 34938497 PMCID: PMC8668773 DOI: 10.1002/ece3.8350] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/15/2021] [Accepted: 10/18/2021] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
There is a growing demand for ecological restoration using suitable seeds following international standards or national legal demands for local seed-sourcing. However, before selecting the appropriate geographic origin of seeds, it is vital to explore taxonomic complexity related to the focal taxa. We used ddRAD-seq to screen genomic diversity within Carex bigelowii s.lat. focussing on Norway. This species complex is considered a candidate for seeding, but presents considerable morphological, ecological, and genetic variation. The genetic structure of 132 individuals of C. bigelowii s.lat., including Carex nigra as an outgroup, was explored using ordinations, clustering analyses, and a genetic barrier algorithm. Two highly divergent clusters were evident, supporting the recognition of two taxonomic units "C. dacica" and C. bigelowii "subsp. bigelowii". Previously defined seed-sourcing regions for C. bigelowii s.lat. did not consider the known taxonomic complexity, and therefore interpreted the overall genetic structure as seed-sourcing regions, not taxa. We estimated genetic neighborhood sizes within each taxon to be 100-150 km and 300 km, respectively, indicating species-specific delimitations of local seed-sourcing regions. Frequent hybrids, local genetic distinctiveness, and suggested ecotypes add complexity to the discussed seed-sourcing regions. Our results show how genomic screening of diversity and structure in a species complex can alleviate the taxonomic impediment, inform practical questions, and legal requirements related to seed-sourcing, and together with traditional taxonomic work provide necessary information for a sound management of biodiversity.
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Höfner J, Klein‐Raufhake T, Lampei C, Mudrak O, Bucharova A, Durka W. Populations restored using regional seed are genetically diverse and similar to natural populations in the region. J Appl Ecol 2021. [DOI: 10.1111/1365-2664.14067] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Johannes Höfner
- Institute of Landscape Ecology University of Münster Münster Germany
- Department of Community Ecology (BZF) Helmholtz Centre for Environmental Research‐UFZ Halle Germany
| | | | - Christian Lampei
- Institute of Landscape Ecology University of Münster Münster Germany
| | - Ondrej Mudrak
- Institute of Botany of the Czech Academy of Sciences Třeboň Czech Republic
| | - Anna Bucharova
- Institute of Landscape Ecology University of Münster Münster Germany
- Department of Biology Philipps‐University Marburg Marburg Germany
| | - Walter Durka
- Department of Community Ecology (BZF) Helmholtz Centre for Environmental Research‐UFZ Halle Germany
- German Centre for Integrative Biodiversity Research (iDiv) Halle‐Jena‐Leipzig Leipzig Germany
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21
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McDonald G, Appleby MW, Sime H, Radford J, Hoffmann AA. Establishing a climate‐ready revegetation trial in central Victoria – A case study. ECOLOGICAL MANAGEMENT & RESTORATION 2021. [DOI: 10.1111/emr.12497] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
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22
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Rupprecht D, Hölzel N, Bucharova A. Is there local adaptation in plant species to soil reaction? A lesson from a multispecies experiment. Restor Ecol 2021. [DOI: 10.1111/rec.13393] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Denise Rupprecht
- Biodiversity and Ecosystem Research Group University of Münster, Institute of Landscape Ecology Münster Germany
| | - Norbert Hölzel
- Biodiversity and Ecosystem Research Group University of Münster, Institute of Landscape Ecology Münster Germany
| | - Anna Bucharova
- Biodiversity and Ecosystem Research Group University of Münster, Institute of Landscape Ecology Münster Germany
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Blyth C, Christmas MJ, Bickerton DC, Breed MF, Foster NR, Guerin GR, Mason ARG, Lowe AJ. Genomic, Habitat, and Leaf Shape Analyses Reveal a Possible Cryptic Species and Vulnerability to Climate Change in a Threatened Daisy. Life (Basel) 2021; 11:553. [PMID: 34208381 PMCID: PMC8231295 DOI: 10.3390/life11060553] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/20/2021] [Revised: 06/08/2021] [Accepted: 06/09/2021] [Indexed: 12/01/2022] Open
Abstract
Olearia pannosa is a plant species listed as vulnerable in Australia. Two subspecies are currently recognised (O. pannosa subsp. pannosa (silver daisy) and O. pannosa subsp. cardiophylla (velvet daisy)), which have overlapping ranges but distinct leaf shape. Remnant populations face threats from habitat fragmentation and climate change. We analysed range-wide genomic data and leaf shape variation to assess population diversity and divergence and to inform conservation management strategies. We detected three distinct genetic groupings and a likely cryptic species. Samples identified as O. pannosa subsp. cardiophylla from the Flinders Ranges in South Australia were genetically distinct from all other samples and likely form a separate, range-restricted species. Remaining samples formed two genetic clusters, which aligned with leaf shape differences but not fully with current subspecies classifications. Levels of genetic diversity and inbreeding differed between the three genetic groups, suggesting each requires a separate management strategy. Additionally, we tested for associations between genetic and environmental variation and carried out habitat suitability modelling for O. pannosa subsp. pannosa populations. We found mean annual maximum temperature explained a significant proportion of genomic variance. Habitat suitability modelling identified mean summer maximum temperature, precipitation seasonality and mean annual rainfall as constraints on the distribution of O. pannosa subsp. pannosa, highlighting increasing aridity as a threat for populations located near suitability thresholds. Our results suggest maximum temperature is an important agent of selection on O. pannosa subsp. pannosa and should be considered in conservation strategies. We recommend taxonomic revision of O. pannosa and provide conservation management recommendations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Colette Blyth
- School of Biological Sciences, University of Adelaide, Adelaide 5005, Australia; (N.R.F.); (G.R.G.); (A.R.G.M.); (A.J.L.)
| | - Matthew J. Christmas
- Department of Medical Biochemistry and Microbiology, Uppsala University, 751 23 Uppsala, Sweden
| | | | - Martin F. Breed
- College of Science and Engineering, Flinders University, Bedford Park 5042, Australia;
| | - Nicole R. Foster
- School of Biological Sciences, University of Adelaide, Adelaide 5005, Australia; (N.R.F.); (G.R.G.); (A.R.G.M.); (A.J.L.)
- College of Science and Engineering, Flinders University, Bedford Park 5042, Australia;
| | - Greg R. Guerin
- School of Biological Sciences, University of Adelaide, Adelaide 5005, Australia; (N.R.F.); (G.R.G.); (A.R.G.M.); (A.J.L.)
- Terrestrial Ecosystem Research Network (TERN), University of Adelaide, Adelaide 5005, Australia
| | - Alex R. G. Mason
- School of Biological Sciences, University of Adelaide, Adelaide 5005, Australia; (N.R.F.); (G.R.G.); (A.R.G.M.); (A.J.L.)
| | - Andrew J. Lowe
- School of Biological Sciences, University of Adelaide, Adelaide 5005, Australia; (N.R.F.); (G.R.G.); (A.R.G.M.); (A.J.L.)
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Lewandrowski W, Stevens JC, Webber BL, L. Dalziell E, Trudgen MS, Bateman AM, Erickson TE. Global change impacts on arid zone ecosystems: Seedling establishment processes are threatened by temperature and water stress. Ecol Evol 2021; 11:8071-8084. [PMID: 34188872 PMCID: PMC8216921 DOI: 10.1002/ece3.7638] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2020] [Revised: 03/31/2021] [Accepted: 04/17/2021] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Recruitment for many arid-zone plant species is expected to be impacted by the projected increase in soil temperature and prolonged droughts associated with global climate change. As seed dormancy is considered a strategy to avoid unfavorable conditions, understanding the mechanisms underpinning vulnerability to these factors is critical for plant recruitment in intact communities, as well as for restoration efforts in arid ecosystems. This study determined the effects of temperature and water stress on recruitment processes in six grass species in the genus Triodia R.Br. from the Australian arid zone. Experiments in controlled environments were conducted on dormant and less-dormant seeds at constant temperatures of 25°C, 30°C, 35°C, and 40°C, under well-watered (Ψsoil = -0.15 MPa) and water-limited (Ψsoil = -0.35 MPa) conditions. Success at three key recruitment stages-seed germination, emergence, and survival-and final seed viability of ungerminated seeds was assessed. For all species, less-dormant seeds germinated to higher proportions under all conditions; however, subsequent seedling emergence and survival were higher in the more dormant seed treatment. An increase in temperature (35-40°C) under water-limited conditions caused 95%-100% recruitment failure, regardless of the dormancy state. Ungerminated seeds maintained viability in dry soil; however, when exposed to warm (30-40°C) and well-watered conditions, loss of viability was greater from the less-dormant seeds across all species. This work demonstrates that the transition from seed to established seedling is highly vulnerable to microclimatic constraints and represents a critical filter for plant recruitment in the arid zone. As we demonstrate temperature and water stress-driven mortality between seeds and established seedlings, understanding how these factors influence recruitment in other arid-zone species should be a high priority consideration for management actions to mitigate the impacts of global change on ecosystem resilience. The knowledge gained from these outcomes must be actively incorporated into restoration initiatives.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wolfgang Lewandrowski
- Kings Park ScienceDepartment of Biodiversity, Conservation and AttractionsKings ParkWestern AustraliaAustralia
- School of Biological SciencesThe University of Western AustraliaCrawleyWestern AustraliaAustralia
| | - Jason C. Stevens
- Kings Park ScienceDepartment of Biodiversity, Conservation and AttractionsKings ParkWestern AustraliaAustralia
- School of Biological SciencesThe University of Western AustraliaCrawleyWestern AustraliaAustralia
| | - Bruce L. Webber
- School of Biological SciencesThe University of Western AustraliaCrawleyWestern AustraliaAustralia
- CSIRO Health and BiosecurityFloreatWestern AustraliaAustralia
- Western Australian Biodiversity Science InstitutePerthWestern AustraliaAustralia
| | - Emma L. Dalziell
- Kings Park ScienceDepartment of Biodiversity, Conservation and AttractionsKings ParkWestern AustraliaAustralia
- School of Biological SciencesThe University of Western AustraliaCrawleyWestern AustraliaAustralia
| | - Melinda S. Trudgen
- School of Biological SciencesThe University of Western AustraliaCrawleyWestern AustraliaAustralia
- CSIRO Health and BiosecurityFloreatWestern AustraliaAustralia
| | - Amber M. Bateman
- Kings Park ScienceDepartment of Biodiversity, Conservation and AttractionsKings ParkWestern AustraliaAustralia
- School of Biological SciencesThe University of Western AustraliaCrawleyWestern AustraliaAustralia
| | - Todd E. Erickson
- Kings Park ScienceDepartment of Biodiversity, Conservation and AttractionsKings ParkWestern AustraliaAustralia
- School of Biological SciencesThe University of Western AustraliaCrawleyWestern AustraliaAustralia
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Wood G, Marzinelli EM, Campbell AH, Steinberg PD, Vergés A, Coleman MA. Genomic vulnerability of a dominant seaweed points to future-proofing pathways for Australia's underwater forests. GLOBAL CHANGE BIOLOGY 2021; 27:2200-2212. [PMID: 33511779 DOI: 10.1111/gcb.15534] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/26/2020] [Revised: 01/25/2021] [Accepted: 01/25/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Globally, critical habitats are in decline, threatening ecological, economic and social values and prompting calls for 'future proofing' efforts that enhance resilience to climate change. Such efforts rely on predicting how neutral and adaptive genomic patterns across a species' distribution will change under future climate scenarios, but data is scant for most species of conservation concern. Here, we use seascape genomics to characterise genetic diversity, structure and gene-environmental associations in a dominant forest-forming seaweed, Phyllospora comosa, along its entire latitudinal (12° latitude), and thermal (~14°C) range. Phyllospora showed high connectivity throughout its central range, with evidence of genetic structure and potential selection associated with sea surface temperatures (SSTs) at its rear and leading edges. Rear and leading-edge populations harboured only half the genetic diversity of central populations. By modelling genetic turnover as a function of SST, we assessed the genomic vulnerability across Phyllospora's distributional range under climate change scenarios. Despite low diversity, range-edge populations were predicted to harbour beneficial adaptations to marginal conditions and overall adaptability of the species may be compromised by their loss. Assisted gene flow from range edge populations may be required to enhance adaptation and increase resilience of central and leading-edge populations under warming oceans. Understanding genomic vulnerability can inform proactive restoration and future-proofing strategies for underwater forests and ensure their persistence in changing oceans.
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Affiliation(s)
- Georgina Wood
- School of Life and Environmental Sciences, The University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia
- Centre for Marine Science and Innovation, School of Biological, Earth and Environmental Sciences, UNSW Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Ezequiel M Marzinelli
- School of Life and Environmental Sciences, The University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia
- Sydney Institute of Marine Science, Sydney, NSW, Australia
- Singapore Centre for Environmental Life Sciences Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Alexandra H Campbell
- USC Seaweed Research Group, University of the Sunshine Coast, Sunshine Coast, Qld, Australia
| | - Peter D Steinberg
- Centre for Marine Science and Innovation, School of Biological, Earth and Environmental Sciences, UNSW Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia
- Sydney Institute of Marine Science, Sydney, NSW, Australia
- Singapore Centre for Environmental Life Sciences Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Adriana Vergés
- Centre for Marine Science and Innovation, School of Biological, Earth and Environmental Sciences, UNSW Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Melinda A Coleman
- Department of Primary Industries, National Marine Science Centre, Coffs Harbour, NSW, Australia
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Bucharova A, Lampei C, Conrady M, May E, Matheja J, Meyer M, Ott D. Plant provenance affects pollinator network: Implications for ecological restoration. J Appl Ecol 2021. [DOI: 10.1111/1365-2664.13866] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Anna Bucharova
- Institute of Landscape Ecology University of Münster Münster Germany
| | - Christian Lampei
- Institute of Landscape Ecology University of Münster Münster Germany
| | - Malte Conrady
- Institute of Landscape Ecology University of Münster Münster Germany
| | - Emilia May
- Institute of Landscape Ecology University of Münster Münster Germany
| | - Janis Matheja
- Institute of Landscape Ecology University of Münster Münster Germany
| | - Michael Meyer
- Institute of Landscape Ecology University of Münster Münster Germany
- Centre for Biodiversity Monitoring Zoological Research Museum Alexander Koenig Bonn Germany
| | - David Ott
- Institute of Landscape Ecology University of Münster Münster Germany
- Centre for Biodiversity Monitoring Zoological Research Museum Alexander Koenig Bonn Germany
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Larson JL, Larson DL, Venette RC. Balancing the need for seed against invasive species risks in prairie habitat restorations. PLoS One 2021; 16:e0248583. [PMID: 33826620 PMCID: PMC8026064 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0248583] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2020] [Accepted: 03/01/2021] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Adequate diversity and abundance of native seed for large-scale grassland restorations often require commercially produced seed from distant sources. However, as sourcing distance increases, the likelihood of inadvertent introduction of multiple novel, non-native weed species as seed contaminants also increases. We created a model to determine an "optimal maximum distance" that would maximize availability of native prairie seed from commercial sources while minimizing the risk of novel invasive weeds via contamination. The model focused on the central portion of the Level II temperate prairie ecoregion in the Midwest US. The median optimal maximum distance from which to source seed was 272 km (169 miles). In addition, we weighted the model to address potential concerns from restoration practitioners: 1. sourcing seed via a facilitated migration strategy (i.e., direct movement of species from areas south of a given restoration site to assist species' range expansion) to account for warming due to climate change; and 2. emphasizing non-native, exotic species with a federal mandate to control. Weighting the model for climate change increased the median optimal maximum distance to 398 km (247 miles), but this was not statistically different from the distance calculated without taking sourcing for climate adaptation into account. Weighting the model for federally mandated exotic species increased the median optimal maximum distance only slightly to 293 km (182 miles), so practitioners may not need to adjust their sourcing strategy, compared to the original model. This decision framework highlights some potential inadvertent consequences from species translocations and provides insight on how to balance needs for prairie seed against those risks.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jennifer L. Larson
- United States Geological Survey, Northern Prairie Wildlife Research Center, Minnesota Field Station, Saint Paul, Minnesota, United States of America
- * E-mail:
| | - Diane L. Larson
- United States Geological Survey, Northern Prairie Wildlife Research Center, Minnesota Field Station, Saint Paul, Minnesota, United States of America
| | - Robert C. Venette
- United States Department of Agriculture–Forest Service, Northern Research Station, Saint Paul, Minnesota, United States of America
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28
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The Genetic Component of Seagrass Restoration: What We Know and the Way Forwards. WATER 2021. [DOI: 10.3390/w13060829] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Seagrasses are marine flowering plants providing key ecological services and functions in coasts and estuaries across the globe. Increased environmental changes fueled by human activities are affecting their existence, compromising natural habitats and ecosystems’ biodiversity and functioning. In this context, restoration of disturbed seagrass environments has become a worldwide priority to reverse ecosystem degradation and to recover ecosystem functionality and associated services. Despite the proven importance of genetic research to perform successful restoration projects, this aspect has often been overlooked in seagrass restoration. Here, we aimed to provide a comprehensive perspective of genetic aspects related to seagrass restoration. To this end, we first reviewed the importance of studying the genetic diversity and population structure of target seagrass populations; then, we discussed the pros and cons of different approaches used to restore and/or reinforce degraded populations. In general, the collection of genetic information and the development of connectivity maps are critical steps for any seagrass restoration activity. Traditionally, the selection of donor population preferred the use of local gene pools, thought to be the best adapted to current conditions. However, in the face of rapid ocean changes, alternative approaches such as the use of climate-adjusted or admixture genotypes might provide more sustainable options to secure the survival of restored meadows. Also, we discussed different transplantation strategies applied in seagrasses and emphasized the importance of long-term seagrass monitoring in restoration. The newly developed information on epigenetics as well as the application of assisted evolution strategies were also explored. Finally, a view of legal and ethical issues related to national and international restoration management is included, highlighting improvements and potential new directions to integrate with the genetic assessment. We concluded that a good restoration effort should incorporate: (1) a good understanding of the genetic structure of both donors and populations being restored; (2) the analysis of local environmental conditions and disturbances that affect the site to be restored; (3) the analysis of local adaptation constraints influencing the performances of donor populations and native plants; (4) the integration of distribution/connectivity maps with genetic information and environmental factors relative to the target seagrass populations; (5) the planning of long-term monitoring programs to assess the performance of the restored populations. The inclusion of epigenetic knowledge and the development of assisted evolution programs are strongly hoped for the future.
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Hoffmann AA, Miller AD, Weeks AR. Genetic mixing for population management: From genetic rescue to provenancing. Evol Appl 2021; 14:634-652. [PMID: 33767740 PMCID: PMC7980264 DOI: 10.1111/eva.13154] [Citation(s) in RCA: 64] [Impact Index Per Article: 21.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/20/2020] [Revised: 10/10/2020] [Accepted: 10/14/2020] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Animal and plant species around the world are being challenged by the deleterious effects of inbreeding, loss of genetic diversity, and maladaptation due to widespread habitat destruction and rapid climate change. In many cases, interventions will likely be needed to safeguard populations and species and to maintain functioning ecosystems. Strategies aimed at initiating, reinstating, or enhancing patterns of gene flow via the deliberate movement of genotypes around the environment are generating growing interest with broad applications in conservation and environmental management. These diverse strategies go by various names ranging from genetic or evolutionary rescue to provenancing and genetic resurrection. Our aim here is to provide some clarification around terminology and to how these strategies are connected and linked to underlying genetic processes. We draw on case studies from the literature and outline mechanisms that underlie how the various strategies aim to increase species fitness and impact the wider community. We argue that understanding mechanisms leading to species decline and community impact is a key to successful implementation of these strategies. We emphasize the need to consider the nature of source and recipient populations, as well as associated risks and trade-offs for the various strategies. This overview highlights where strategies are likely to have potential at population, species, and ecosystem scales, but also where they should probably not be attempted depending on the overall aims of the intervention. We advocate an approach where short- and long-term strategies are integrated into a decision framework that also considers nongenetic aspects of management.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ary A. Hoffmann
- School of BioSciencesBio21 InstituteThe University of MelbourneParkvilleVic.Australia
| | - Adam D. Miller
- School of Life and Environmental SciencesCentre for Integrative EcologyDeakin UniversityWarrnamboolVic.Australia
- Deakin Genomics CentreDeakin UniversityGeelongVic.Australia
| | - Andrew R. Weeks
- School of BioSciencesBio21 InstituteThe University of MelbourneParkvilleVic.Australia
- cesar Pty LtdParkvilleVic.Australia
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Dupré la Tour A, Labatut J, Spiegelberger T. Unraveling the concept of local seeds in restoration ecology. Restor Ecol 2020. [DOI: 10.1111/rec.13262] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Alice Dupré la Tour
- Université Grenoble Alpes, INRAE, LESSEM, 2 rue de la Papeterie‐BP 76 F‐38402 St‐Martin‐d'Hères France
| | - Julie Labatut
- UMR Agroécologie—Innovations—Territoires (AGIR), INRAE Université Toulouse F‐31326 Castanet‐Tolosan France
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From Drones to Phenotype: Using UAV-LiDAR to Detect Species and Provenance Variation in Tree Productivity and Structure. REMOTE SENSING 2020. [DOI: 10.3390/rs12193184] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
The use of unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs) for remote sensing of natural environments has increased over the last decade. However, applications of this technology for high-throughput individual tree phenotyping in a quantitative genetic framework are rare. We here demonstrate a two-phased analytical pipeline that rapidly phenotypes and filters for genetic signals in traditional and novel tree productivity and architectural traits derived from ultra-dense light detection and ranging (LiDAR) point clouds. The goal of this study was rapidly phenotype individual trees to understand the genetic basis of ecologically and economically significant traits important for guiding the management of natural resources. Individual tree point clouds were acquired using UAV-LiDAR captured over a multi-provenance common-garden restoration field trial located in Tasmania, Australia, established using two eucalypt species (Eucalyptus pauciflora and Eucalyptus tenuiramis). Twenty-five tree productivity and architectural traits were calculated for each individual tree point cloud. The first phase of the analytical pipeline found significant species differences in 13 of the 25 derived traits, revealing key structural differences in productivity and crown architecture between species. The second phase investigated the within species variation in the same 25 structural traits. Significant provenance variation was detected for 20 structural traits in E. pauciflora and 10 in E. tenuiramis, with signals of divergent selection found for 11 and 7 traits, respectively, putatively driven by the home-site environment shaping the observed variation. Our results highlight the genetic-based diversity within and between species for traits important for forest structure, such as crown density and structural complexity. As species and provenances are being increasingly translocated across the landscape to mitigate the effects of rapid climate change, our results that were achieved through rapid phenotyping using UAV-LiDAR, raise the need to understand the functional value of productivity and architectural traits reflecting species and provenance differences in crown structure and the interplay they have on the dependent biotic communities.
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Jellinek S, Harrison PA, Tuck J, Te T. Replanting agricultural landscapes: how well do plants survive after habitat restoration? Restor Ecol 2020. [DOI: 10.1111/rec.13242] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Sacha Jellinek
- School of Ecosystem & Forest Sciences University of Melbourne Melbourne Victoria Australia
| | - Peter A. Harrison
- School of Natural Sciences, Australian Research Council Training Centre for Forest Value University of Tasmania Hobart Tasmania Australia
| | - Jonathan Tuck
- Nature Glenelg Trust Mount Gambier South Australia Australia
| | - Thai Te
- South Australian Seed Centre Adelaide South Australia Australia
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33
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Magnoli SM. Rapid adaptation (or not) in restored plant populations. Evol Appl 2020; 13:2030-2037. [PMID: 32908602 PMCID: PMC7463322 DOI: 10.1111/eva.12959] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/18/2019] [Revised: 02/27/2020] [Accepted: 03/02/2020] [Indexed: 02/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Mismatches between the traits of a colonizing population and a novel habitat can generate strong selection, potentially resulting in rapid adaptation. However, for most colonization events, it can be difficult to detect rapid adaptation or distinguish it from nonadaptive evolutionary changes. Here, I take advantage of a replicated prairie restoration experiment to compare recently established plant populations in two closely located restored prairies to each other and to their shared source population to test for rapid adaptation. Using a reciprocal transplant experiment six years after the populations were established, I found that one restored plant population showed evidence of adaptation, outperforming the other restored population when grown at its home site. In contrast, I detected no evidence for adaptation at the other site. These findings demonstrate that while rapid adaptation can occur in colonizing plant populations, it may not be the rule. Better understanding of when adaptation may or may not occur in these contexts may help us use evolution to our advantage, potentially improving establishment of desirable species in restored habitats.
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Affiliation(s)
- Susan M. Magnoli
- W.K. Kellogg Biological Station and Department of Plant BiologyMichigan State UniversityHickory CornersMIUSA
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Winkler DE, Massatti R. Unexpected hybridization reveals the utility of genetics in native plant restoration. Restor Ecol 2020. [DOI: 10.1111/rec.13189] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Daniel E. Winkler
- U.S. Geological Survey, Southwest Biological Science Center Moab UT 84532 U.S.A
| | - Rob Massatti
- U.S. Geological Survey, Southwest Biological Science Center Flagstaff AZ 86001 U.S.A
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35
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Sinclair EA, Edgeloe JM, Anthony JM, Statton J, Breed MF, Kendrick GA. Variation in reproductive effort, genetic diversity and mating systems across Posidonia australis seagrass meadows in Western Australia. AOB PLANTS 2020; 12:plaa038. [PMID: 32904346 PMCID: PMC7454027 DOI: 10.1093/aobpla/plaa038] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/19/2020] [Accepted: 08/04/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Populations at the edges of their geographical range tend to have lower genetic diversity, smaller effective population sizes and limited connectivity relative to centre of range populations. Range edge populations are also likely to be better adapted to more extreme conditions for future survival and resilience in warming environments. However, they may also be most at risk of extinction from changing climate. We compare reproductive and genetic data of the temperate seagrass, Posidonia australis on the west coast of Australia. Measures of reproductive effort (flowering and fruit production and seed to ovule ratios) and estimates of genetic diversity and mating patterns (nuclear microsatellite DNA loci) were used to assess sexual reproduction in northern range edge (low latitude, elevated salinities, Shark Bay World Heritage Site) and centre of range (mid-latitude, oceanic salinity, Perth metropolitan waters) meadows in Western Australia. Flower and fruit production were highly variable among meadows and there was no significant relationship between seed to ovule ratio and clonal diversity. However, Shark Bay meadows were two orders of magnitude less fecund than those in Perth metropolitan waters. Shark Bay meadows were characterized by significantly lower levels of genetic diversity and a mixed mating system relative to meadows in Perth metropolitan waters, which had high genetic diversity and a completely outcrossed mating system. The combination of reproductive and genetic data showed overall lower sexual productivity in Shark Bay meadows relative to Perth metropolitan waters. The mixed mating system is likely driven by a combination of local environmental conditions and pollen limitation. These results indicate that seagrass restoration in Shark Bay may benefit from sourcing plant material from multiple reproductive meadows to increase outcrossed pollen availability and seed production for natural recruitment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elizabeth A Sinclair
- School of Biological Sciences, University of Western Australia, Crawley, Western Australia, Australia
- Oceans Institute, University of Western Australia, Crawley, Western Australia, Australia
- Kings Park Science, Department of Biodiversity Conservation and Attractions, West Perth, Western Australia, Australia
| | - Jane M Edgeloe
- School of Biological Sciences, University of Western Australia, Crawley, Western Australia, Australia
| | - Janet M Anthony
- School of Biological Sciences, University of Western Australia, Crawley, Western Australia, Australia
- Kings Park Science, Department of Biodiversity Conservation and Attractions, West Perth, Western Australia, Australia
| | - John Statton
- School of Biological Sciences, University of Western Australia, Crawley, Western Australia, Australia
- Oceans Institute, University of Western Australia, Crawley, Western Australia, Australia
| | - Martin F Breed
- College of Science and Engineering, Flinders University, Adelaide, South Australia, Australia
| | - Gary A Kendrick
- School of Biological Sciences, University of Western Australia, Crawley, Western Australia, Australia
- Oceans Institute, University of Western Australia, Crawley, Western Australia, Australia
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Wood G, Marzinelli EM, Vergés A, Campbell AH, Steinberg PD, Coleman MA. Using genomics to design and evaluate the performance of underwater forest restoration. J Appl Ecol 2020. [DOI: 10.1111/1365-2664.13707] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Georgina Wood
- Centre for Marine Science and InnovationSchool of Biological, Earth and Environmental Sciences Sydney NSW Australia
| | - Ezequiel M. Marzinelli
- School of Life and Environmental Sciences The University of Sydney Sydney NSW Australia
- Singapore Centre for Environmental Life Sciences EngineeringNanyang Technological University Singapore Singapore
- Sydney Institute of Marine Science Sydney NSW Australia
| | - Adriana Vergés
- Centre for Marine Science and InnovationSchool of Biological, Earth and Environmental Sciences Sydney NSW Australia
- Sydney Institute of Marine Science Sydney NSW Australia
| | - Alexandra H. Campbell
- USC Seaweed Research Group University of the Sunshine Coast Sunshine Coast QLD Australia
| | - Peter D. Steinberg
- Centre for Marine Science and InnovationSchool of Biological, Earth and Environmental Sciences Sydney NSW Australia
- Singapore Centre for Environmental Life Sciences EngineeringNanyang Technological University Singapore Singapore
- Sydney Institute of Marine Science Sydney NSW Australia
| | - Melinda A. Coleman
- Department of Primary Industries National Marine Science Centre Coffs Harbour NSW Australia
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37
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Barga SC, Olwell P, Edwards F, Prescott L, Leger EA. Seeds of Success: A conservation and restoration investment in the future of U.S.lands. CONSERVATION SCIENCE AND PRACTICE 2020. [DOI: 10.1111/csp2.209] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Sarah C. Barga
- Department of BiologyUniversity of Nevada, Reno Reno Nevada USA
- United States Department of Agriculture Forest ServiceRocky Mountain Research Station Boise Idaho USA
| | - Peggy Olwell
- Plant Conservation and Restoration Program, Bureau of Land Management Washington District of Columbia USA
| | - Fred Edwards
- Plant Conservation and Restoration Program, Bureau of Land Management Washington District of Columbia USA
- Bureau of Land Management Reno Nevada USA
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38
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Cevallos D, Bede‐Fazekas Á, Tanács E, Szitár K, Halassy M, Kövendi‐Jakó A, Török K. Seed transfer zones based on environmental variables better reflect variability in vegetation than administrative units: evidence from Hungary. Restor Ecol 2020. [DOI: 10.1111/rec.13150] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- David Cevallos
- Centre for Ecological Research Institute of Ecology and Botany Vácrátót Hungary
- Department of Plant Systematics, Ecology and Theoretical Biology Eötvös Loránd University Budapest Hungary
| | - Ákos Bede‐Fazekas
- Centre for Ecological Research Institute of Ecology and Botany Vácrátót Hungary
- Centre for Ecological Research GINOP Sustainable Ecosystems Group Tihany Hungary
| | - Eszter Tanács
- Centre for Ecological Research Institute of Ecology and Botany Vácrátót Hungary
| | - Katalin Szitár
- Centre for Ecological Research Institute of Ecology and Botany Vácrátót Hungary
| | - Melinda Halassy
- Centre for Ecological Research Institute of Ecology and Botany Vácrátót Hungary
| | - Anna Kövendi‐Jakó
- Centre for Ecological Research Institute of Ecology and Botany Vácrátót Hungary
| | - Katalin Török
- Centre for Ecological Research Institute of Ecology and Botany Vácrátót Hungary
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39
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Yoko ZG, Volk KL, Dochtermann NA, Hamilton JA. The importance of quantitative trait differentiation in restoration: landscape heterogeneity and functional traits inform seed transfer guidelines. AOB PLANTS 2020; 12:plaa009. [PMID: 32257091 PMCID: PMC7112727 DOI: 10.1093/aobpla/plaa009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/18/2019] [Accepted: 02/28/2020] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
Abstract
For widely distributed species, understanding the scale over which genetic variation correlates to landscape structure and composition is critical. Particularly within the context of restoration, the evolution of genetic differences may impact success if seeds are maladapted to the restoration environment. In this study, we used Geum triflorum to quantify the scale over which genetic differences for quantitative traits important to adaptation have evolved, comparing the proportion of variance attributed to broad regional- and local population-level effects. Geum triflorum is a widely distributed species spanning a range of environments, including alvar and prairie habitats, which have extreme regional differences in soil-moisture availability. Alvar habitats are regions of thin soil over limestone that experience substantial seasonal variation in water availability, from flooding to desiccation annually. This contrasts with prairie habitats, whose deeper soils mitigate irregular flood-desiccation cycles. Using a common garden experiment, we evaluated 15 traits broadly grouped into three trait classes: resource allocation, stomatal characteristics, and leaf morphological traits for individuals sourced from prairie and alvar environments. We quantified the proportion of trait variance explained by regional- and population-scale effects and compared the proportion of regional- and population-trait variances explained across trait classes. Significant regional differentiation was observed for the majority of quantitative traits; however, population-scale effects were equal or greater than regional effects, suggesting that important genetic differences may have evolved across the finer population scale. Stomatal and resource allocation trait classes exhibited substantial regional differentiation relative to morphological traits, which may indicate increased strength of selection for stomatal and resource allocation traits relative to morphological traits. These patterns point towards the value in considering the scale over which genetic differences may have evolved for widely distributed species and identify different functional trait classes that may be valuable in establishing seed transfer guidelines.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zebadiah G Yoko
- Department of Biological Sciences, North Dakota State University, Fargo, ND, USA
| | - Kate L Volk
- Department of Biological Sciences, North Dakota State University, Fargo, ND, USA
| | - Ned A Dochtermann
- Department of Biological Sciences, North Dakota State University, Fargo, ND, USA
| | - Jill A Hamilton
- Department of Biological Sciences, North Dakota State University, Fargo, ND, USA
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40
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41
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Hamilton J, Flint S, Lindstrom J, Volk K, Shaw R, Ahlering M. Evolutionary approaches to seed sourcing for grassland restorations. THE NEW PHYTOLOGIST 2020; 225:2246-2248. [PMID: 32064631 DOI: 10.1111/nph.16427] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Jill Hamilton
- Department of Biological Sciences, North Dakota State University, Fargo, ND, 58102, USA
| | - Shelby Flint
- Department of Ecology, Evolution and Behavior, University of Minnesota, St Paul, MN, 55108, USA
- Science Department, Southwest Minnesota State University, 1501 State Street, Marshall, MN, 56258, USA
| | - Jessica Lindstrom
- Department of Biological Sciences, North Dakota State University, Fargo, ND, 58102, USA
| | - Kate Volk
- Department of Biological Sciences, North Dakota State University, Fargo, ND, 58102, USA
| | - Ruth Shaw
- Department of Ecology, Evolution and Behavior, University of Minnesota, St Paul, MN, 55108, USA
| | - Marissa Ahlering
- The Nature Conservancy, 1101 West River Parkway, Suite 200, Minneapolis, MN, 55415, USA
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42
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Bucharova A, Krahulec F. Native seed addition as an effective tool for post-invasion restoration. Basic Appl Ecol 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.baae.2020.01.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
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43
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Camarretta N, Harrison PA, Bailey T, Davidson N, Lucieer A, Hunt M, Potts BM. Stability of species and provenance performance when translocated into different community assemblages. Restor Ecol 2020. [DOI: 10.1111/rec.13098] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/26/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Nicolò Camarretta
- School of Natural Sciences and ARC Training Centre for Forest Value University of Tasmania, Private Bag 55 Hobart Tasmania 7001 Australia
| | - Peter A. Harrison
- School of Natural Sciences and ARC Training Centre for Forest Value University of Tasmania, Private Bag 55 Hobart Tasmania 7001 Australia
| | - Tanya Bailey
- School of Natural Sciences and ARC Training Centre for Forest Value University of Tasmania, Private Bag 55 Hobart Tasmania 7001 Australia
- Greening Australia Mt. Nelson Tasmania Australia
| | | | - Arko Lucieer
- School of Technology, Environments and Design University of Tasmania Hobart Tasmania Australia
| | - Mark Hunt
- School of Natural Sciences and ARC Training Centre for Forest Value University of Tasmania, Private Bag 55 Hobart Tasmania 7001 Australia
| | - Brad M. Potts
- School of Natural Sciences and ARC Training Centre for Forest Value University of Tasmania, Private Bag 55 Hobart Tasmania 7001 Australia
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44
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Jordan R, Breed MF, Prober SM, Miller AD, Hoffmann AA. How well do revegetation plantings capture genetic diversity? Biol Lett 2019; 15:20190460. [PMID: 31615374 DOI: 10.1098/rsbl.2019.0460] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Revegetation plantings are a key management tool for ecological restoration. Revegetation success is usually measured using ecological traits, however, genetic diversity should also be considered as it can influence fitness, adaptive capacity and long-term viability of revegetation plantings and ecosystem functioning. Here we review the global literature comparing genetic diversity in revegetation plantings to natural stands. Findings from 48 studies suggest variable genetic outcomes of revegetation, with 46% demonstrating higher genetic diversity in revegetation than natural stands and 52% demonstrating lower diversity. Levels of genetic diversity were most strongly associated with the number of source sites used-where information was available, 69% of studies showing higher genetic diversity in revegetation reported using multiple provenances, compared with only 33% for those with lower diversity. However, with a few exceptions, it was unclear whether differences in genetic diversity between revegetation and natural stands were statistically significant. This reflected insufficient reporting of statistical error and metadata within the published studies, which limited conclusions about factors contributing to patterns. Nonetheless, our findings indicate that mixed seed sourcing can contribute to higher genetic diversity in revegetation. Finally, we emphasize the type of metadata needed to determine factors influencing genetic diversity in revegetation and inform restoration efforts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rebecca Jordan
- CSIRO, Land and Water, Sandy Bay, Tasmania 7005, Australia
| | - Martin F Breed
- School of Biological Sciences and the Environment Institute, Faculty of Sciences, University of Adelaide, Adelaide, South Australia 5005, Australia.,College of Science and Engineering, Flinders University, Adelaide, SA 5001, Australia
| | - Suzanne M Prober
- CSIRO, Land and Water, Floreat, Western Australia 6014, Australia
| | - Adam D Miller
- School of Life and Environmental Sciences, Centre for Integrative Ecology, Deakin University, Warrnambool, Victoria 3280, Australia.,Deakin Genomics Centre, Deakin University, Geelong, Victoria 3220, Australia
| | - Ary A Hoffmann
- Bio21 Institute, School of BioSciences, University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria 3052, Australia
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45
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Breed MF, Harrison PA, Blyth C, Byrne M, Gaget V, Gellie NJC, Groom SVC, Hodgson R, Mills JG, Prowse TAA, Steane DA, Mohr JJ. The potential of genomics for restoring ecosystems and biodiversity. Nat Rev Genet 2019; 20:615-628. [PMID: 31300751 DOI: 10.1038/s41576-019-0152-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 89] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 06/21/2019] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
Abstract
Billions of hectares of natural ecosystems have been degraded through human actions. The global community has agreed on targets to halt and reverse these declines, and the restoration sector faces the important but arduous task of implementing programmes to meet these objectives. Existing and emerging genomics tools offer the potential to improve the odds of achieving these targets. These tools include population genomics that can improve seed sourcing, meta-omics that can improve assessment and monitoring of restoration outcomes, and genome editing that can generate novel genotypes for restoring challenging environments. We identify barriers to adopting these tools in a restoration context and emphasize that regulatory and ethical frameworks are required to guide their use.
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Affiliation(s)
- Martin F Breed
- School of Biological Sciences and the Environment Institute, University of Adelaide, North Terrace, South Australia, Australia.
| | - Peter A Harrison
- School of Natural Sciences, Australian Research Council Training Centre for Forest Value, University of Tasmania, Hobart, Tasmania, Australia
| | - Colette Blyth
- School of Biological Sciences and the Environment Institute, University of Adelaide, North Terrace, South Australia, Australia
| | - Margaret Byrne
- Biodiversity and Conservation Science, Department of Biodiversity, Conservation and Attractions, Western Australia, Australia
| | - Virginie Gaget
- School of Biological Sciences and the Environment Institute, University of Adelaide, North Terrace, South Australia, Australia
| | - Nicholas J C Gellie
- School of Biological Sciences and the Environment Institute, University of Adelaide, North Terrace, South Australia, Australia
| | - Scott V C Groom
- School of Agriculture, Food and Wine, The University of Adelaide, Waite Campus, Urrbrae, South Australia, Australia
| | - Riley Hodgson
- School of Biological Sciences and the Environment Institute, University of Adelaide, North Terrace, South Australia, Australia
| | - Jacob G Mills
- School of Biological Sciences and the Environment Institute, University of Adelaide, North Terrace, South Australia, Australia
| | - Thomas A A Prowse
- School of Biological Sciences and the Environment Institute, University of Adelaide, North Terrace, South Australia, Australia.,School of Mathematical Sciences, University of Adelaide, North Terrace, South Australia, Australia
| | - Dorothy A Steane
- School of Natural Sciences, Australian Research Council Training Centre for Forest Value, University of Tasmania, Hobart, Tasmania, Australia
| | - Jakki J Mohr
- College of Business, Institute on Ecosystems, University of Montana, Missoula, MT, USA
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46
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Disentangling the evolutionary history of three related shrub species using genome-wide molecular markers. CONSERV GENET 2019. [DOI: 10.1007/s10592-019-01197-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
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47
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Kramer AT, Crane B, Downing J, Hamrick J, Havens K, Highland A, Jacobi SK, Kaye TN, Lonsdorf EV, Ramp Neale J, Novy A, Smouse PE, Tallamy DW, White A, Zeldin J. Sourcing native plants to support ecosystem function in different planting contexts. Restor Ecol 2019. [DOI: 10.1111/rec.12931] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Andrea T. Kramer
- Department of Plant Science and ConservationChicago Botanic Garden Glencoe IL 60035 U.S.A
| | - Barbara Crane
- Forest Management Timber UnitUSDA Forest Service Atlanta GA 30309 U.S.A
| | | | - J.L. Hamrick
- Department of Plant BiologyUniversity of Georgia Athens GA 30602 U.S.A
| | - Kayri Havens
- Department of Plant Science and ConservationChicago Botanic Garden Glencoe IL 60035 U.S.A
| | | | - Sarah K. Jacobi
- Department of Plant Science and ConservationChicago Botanic Garden Glencoe IL 60035 U.S.A
| | - Thomas N. Kaye
- Institute for Applied EcologyCorvallis OR 97333 U.S.A
- Department of Botany and Plant PathologyOregon State University Corvallis OR 97331 U.S.A
| | - Eric V. Lonsdorf
- Institute on the EnvironmentUniversity of Minnesota St Paul MN 55108 U.S.A
| | - Jennifer Ramp Neale
- Department of Science and ResearchDenver Botanic Gardens Denver CO 80206 U.S.A
| | - Ari Novy
- San Diego Botanic Garden Encinitas CA 92024 U.S.A
- Department of AnthropologyUniversity of California‐San Diego San Diego CA 92093 U.S.A
- Department of Botany, Smithsonian InstitutionNational Museum of Natural History Washington DC 20002 U.S.A
| | - Peter E. Smouse
- Department of Ecology, Evolution & Natural ResourcesRutgers University New Brunswick NJ 08901 U.S.A
| | - Douglas W. Tallamy
- Department of Entomology and Wildlife EcologyUniversity of Delaware Newark DE 19716 U.S.A
| | - Abigail White
- Department of Plant Science and ConservationChicago Botanic Garden Glencoe IL 60035 U.S.A
| | - Jacob Zeldin
- Department of Plant Science and ConservationChicago Botanic Garden Glencoe IL 60035 U.S.A
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48
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Fisk MR, Apostol KG, Ross‐Davis AL, Cahoy DO, Davis AS. Informing native plant sourcing for ecological restoration: cold‐hardiness dynamics, flowering phenology, and survival ofEriogonum umbellatum. Restor Ecol 2018. [DOI: 10.1111/rec.12912] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Matthew R. Fisk
- Center for Forest Nursery and Seedling ResearchUniversity of Idaho 1025 Plant Science Road, Moscow ID 83843 U.S.A
| | - Kent G. Apostol
- Environmental Review, Inc. 925 N Fairgrounds Road, Goldendale WA 98620 U.S.A
| | - Amy L. Ross‐Davis
- College of ForestryOregon State University 109 Richardson Hall, Corvallis OR 97331 U.S.A
| | - Dexter O. Cahoy
- Department of Mathematics and StatisticsUniversity of Houston‐Downtown Houston TX 77002 U.S.A
| | - Anthony S. Davis
- College of ForestryOregon State University 109 Richardson Hall, Corvallis OR 97331 U.S.A
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49
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Massatti R, Prendeville HR, Larson S, Richardson BA, Waldron B, Kilkenny FF. Population history provides foundational knowledge for utilizing and developing native plant restoration materials. Evol Appl 2018; 11:2025-2039. [PMID: 30459846 PMCID: PMC6231468 DOI: 10.1111/eva.12704] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2018] [Revised: 08/21/2018] [Accepted: 08/26/2018] [Indexed: 01/14/2023] Open
Abstract
A species' population structure and history are critical pieces of information that can help guide the use of available native plant materials in restoration treatments and decide what new native plant materials should be developed to meet future restoration needs. In the western United States, Pseudoroegneria spicata (bluebunch wheatgrass; Poaceae) is an important component of grassland and shrubland plant communities and commonly used for restoration due to its drought resistance and competitiveness with exotic weeds. We used next-generation sequencing data to investigate the processes that shaped P. spicata's geographic pattern of genetic variation across the Intermountain West. Pseudoroegneria spicata's genetic diversity is partitioned into populations that likely differentiated since the Last Glacial Maximum. Adjacent populations display varying magnitudes of historical gene flow, with migration rates ranging from multiple migrants per generation to multiple generations per migrant. When considering the commercial germplasm sources available for restoration, genetic identities remain representative of the wildland localities from which germplasm sources were originally developed, and they maintain high levels of heterozygosity and nucleotide diversity. However, the commercial germplasm sources represent a small fraction of the overall genetic diversity of P. spicata in the Intermountain West. Given the low migration rates and long divergence times between some pairs of P. spicata populations, using commercial germplasm sources could facilitate undesirable restoration outcomes when used in certain geographic areas, even if the environment in which the commercial materials thrive is similar to that of the restoration site. As such, population structure and history can be used to provide guidance on what geographic areas may need additional native plant materials so that restoration efforts support species and community resilience and improve outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rob Massatti
- Southwest Biological Science CenterU.S. Geological SurveyFlagstaffArizona
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50
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Perring MP, Erickson TE, Brancalion PHS. Rocketing restoration: enabling the upscaling of ecological restoration in the Anthropocene. Restor Ecol 2018. [DOI: 10.1111/rec.12871] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Michael P. Perring
- Forest & Nature Lab; Ghent University, Geraardsbergsesteenweg 267; 9090 Melle-Gontrode Belgium
- School of Biological Sciences; The University of Western Australia, 35 Stirling Highway; Crawley WA 6009 Australia
| | - Todd E. Erickson
- School of Biological Sciences; The University of Western Australia, 35 Stirling Highway; Crawley WA 6009 Australia
- Kings Park Science, Department of Biodiversity, Conservation and Attractions; Kings Park WA 6005 Australia
| | - Pedro H. S. Brancalion
- Department of Forest Sciences, “Luiz de Queiroz” College of Agriculture; University of São Paulo; Piracicaba São Paulo 13418-900 Brazil
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