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Shirvani S, Tokarczuk P, Statton B, Quinlan M, Berry A, Tomlinson J, Weale P, Kühn B, O'Regan DP. Motion-corrected multiparametric renal arterial spin labelling at 3 T: reproducibility and effect of vasodilator challenge. Eur Radiol 2018; 29:232-240. [PMID: 29992384 PMCID: PMC6291439 DOI: 10.1007/s00330-018-5628-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2018] [Revised: 06/14/2018] [Accepted: 06/22/2018] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES We investigated the feasibility and reproducibility of free-breathing motion-corrected multiple inversion time (multi-TI) pulsed renal arterial spin labelling (PASL), with general kinetic model parametric mapping, to simultaneously quantify renal perfusion (RBF), bolus arrival time (BAT) and tissue T1. METHODS In a study approved by the Health Research Authority, 12 healthy volunteers (mean age, 27.6 ± 18.5 years; 5 male) gave informed consent for renal imaging at 3 T using multi-TI ASL and conventional single-TI ASL. Glyceryl trinitrate (GTN) was used as a vasodilator challenge in six subjects. Flow-sensitive alternating inversion recovery (FAIR) preparation was used with background suppression and 3D-GRASE (gradient and spin echo) read-out, and images were motion-corrected. Parametric maps of RBF, BAT and T1 were derived for both kidneys. Agreement was assessed using Pearson correlation and Bland-Altman plots. RESULTS Inter-study correlation of whole-kidney RBF was good for both single-TI (r2 = 0.90), and multi-TI ASL (r2 = 0.92). Single-TI ASL gave a higher estimate of whole-kidney RBF compared to multi-TI ASL (mean bias, 29.3 ml/min/100 g; p <0.001). Using multi-TI ASL, the median T1 of renal cortex was shorter than that of medulla (799.6 ms vs 807.1 ms, p = 0.01), and mean whole-kidney BAT was 269.7 ± 56.5 ms. GTN had an effect on systolic blood pressure (p < 0.05) but the change in RBF was not significant. CONCLUSIONS Free-breathing multi-TI renal ASL is feasible and reproducible at 3 T, providing simultaneous measurement of renal perfusion, haemodynamic parameters and tissue characteristics at baseline and during pharmacological challenge. KEY POINTS • Multiple inversion time arterial spin labelling (ASL) of the kidneys is feasible and reproducible at 3 T. • This approach allows simultaneous mapping of renal perfusion, bolus arrival time and tissue T 1 during free breathing. • This technique enables repeated measures of renal haemodynamic characteristics during pharmacological challenge.
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Affiliation(s)
- Saba Shirvani
- Medical Research Council (MRC), London Institute of Medical Sciences (LMS), Imperial College London, Hammersmith Hospital Campus, Du Cane Road, London, W12 0NN, UK
- Department of Chemistry, Imperial College London, South Kensington Campus, Exhibition Road, London, UK
| | - Paweł Tokarczuk
- Medical Research Council (MRC), London Institute of Medical Sciences (LMS), Imperial College London, Hammersmith Hospital Campus, Du Cane Road, London, W12 0NN, UK
| | - Ben Statton
- Medical Research Council (MRC), London Institute of Medical Sciences (LMS), Imperial College London, Hammersmith Hospital Campus, Du Cane Road, London, W12 0NN, UK
| | - Marina Quinlan
- Medical Research Council (MRC), London Institute of Medical Sciences (LMS), Imperial College London, Hammersmith Hospital Campus, Du Cane Road, London, W12 0NN, UK
| | - Alaine Berry
- Medical Research Council (MRC), London Institute of Medical Sciences (LMS), Imperial College London, Hammersmith Hospital Campus, Du Cane Road, London, W12 0NN, UK
| | - James Tomlinson
- Medical Research Council (MRC), London Institute of Medical Sciences (LMS), Imperial College London, Hammersmith Hospital Campus, Du Cane Road, London, W12 0NN, UK
| | | | - Bernd Kühn
- Siemens Healthcare GmbH, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Declan P O'Regan
- Medical Research Council (MRC), London Institute of Medical Sciences (LMS), Imperial College London, Hammersmith Hospital Campus, Du Cane Road, London, W12 0NN, UK.
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Savary G, Lidouren F, Rambaud J, Kohlhauer M, Hauet T, Bruneval P, Costes B, Cariou A, Ghaleh B, Mongardon N, Tissier R. Argon attenuates multiorgan failure following experimental aortic cross-clamping. Br J Clin Pharmacol 2018; 84:1170-1179. [PMID: 29388238 DOI: 10.1111/bcp.13535] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/21/2017] [Revised: 12/27/2017] [Accepted: 01/16/2018] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
AIMS Argon has been shown to prevent ischaemic injuries in several scenarios of regional ischaemia. We determined whether it could provide a systemic effect in a model of multiorgan failure (MOF) induced by aortic cross-clamping. METHODS Anaesthetized rabbits were submitted to aortic cross-clamping (30 min) and subsequent reperfusion (300 min). They were either ventilated with oxygen-enriched air throughout the protocol [fraction of inspired oxygen (FiO2 ) = 30%; control group) or with a mixture of 30% oxygen and 70% argon (argon groups). In a first group treated with argon ('Argon-Total'), its administration was started 30 min before ischaemia and maintained throughout the protocol. In the two other groups, the administration was started either 30 min before ischaemia ('Argon-Pre') or at the onset of reperfusion ('Argon-Post'), for a total duration of 2 h. Cardiovascular, renal and inflammatory endpoints were assessed throughout protocol. RESULTS Compared with control, shock was significantly attenuated in Argon-Total and Argon-Pre but not Argon-Post groups (e.g. cardiac output = 62±5 vs. 29 ± 5 ml min-1 kg-1 in Argon-Total and control groups at the end of the follow-up). Shock and renal failure were reduced in all argon vs. control groups. Histopathological examination of the gut showed attenuation of ischaemic lesions in all argon vs. control groups. Blood transcription levels of interleukin (IL) 1β, IL-8, IL-10 and hypoxia-inducible factor 1α were not significantly different between groups. CONCLUSION Argon attenuated clinical and biological modifications of cardiovascular, renal and intestinal systems, but not the inflammatory response, after aortic cross-clamping. The window of administration was crucial to optimize organ protection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guillaume Savary
- Inserm, U955, Equipe 3, Créteil, France.,Université Paris Est, UMR_S955, UPEC, DHU A-TVB Créteil, France.,Université Paris Est, Ecole Nationale Vétérinaire d'Alfort, Maisons-Alfort, France
| | | | - Jérôme Rambaud
- Inserm, U955, Equipe 3, Créteil, France.,Université Paris Est, UMR_S955, UPEC, DHU A-TVB Créteil, France.,Université Paris Est, Ecole Nationale Vétérinaire d'Alfort, Maisons-Alfort, France
| | - Matthias Kohlhauer
- Inserm, U955, Equipe 3, Créteil, France.,Université Paris Est, UMR_S955, UPEC, DHU A-TVB Créteil, France.,Université Paris Est, Ecole Nationale Vétérinaire d'Alfort, Maisons-Alfort, France
| | - Thierry Hauet
- Faculté de Médecine et de Pharmacie, Inserm, U1082, Université de Poitiers, Poitiers, France.,Service de Biochimie, CHU de Poitiers, Poitiers, France
| | - Patrick Bruneval
- Service d'Anatomie Pathologique, Hôpital Européen Georges Pompidou, Assistance Publique des Hôpitaux de Paris, Paris, France
| | | | - Alain Cariou
- Service de Réanimation Médicale, Hôpitaux Universitaires Paris Centre, Hôpital Cochin, Assistance Publique des Hôpitaux de Paris, Paris, France
| | - Bijan Ghaleh
- Inserm, U955, Equipe 3, Créteil, France.,Université Paris Est, UMR_S955, UPEC, DHU A-TVB Créteil, France.,Université Paris Est, Ecole Nationale Vétérinaire d'Alfort, Maisons-Alfort, France
| | - Nicolas Mongardon
- Inserm, U955, Equipe 3, Créteil, France.,Université Paris Est, UMR_S955, UPEC, DHU A-TVB Créteil, France.,Université Paris Est, Ecole Nationale Vétérinaire d'Alfort, Maisons-Alfort, France.,Service d'Anesthésie et des Réanimations Chirurgicales, DHU A-TVB, Hôpitaux Universitaires Henri Mondor, Assistance Publique des Hôpitaux de Paris, Créteil, France
| | - Renaud Tissier
- Inserm, U955, Equipe 3, Créteil, France.,Université Paris Est, UMR_S955, UPEC, DHU A-TVB Créteil, France.,Université Paris Est, Ecole Nationale Vétérinaire d'Alfort, Maisons-Alfort, France
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Adadey SM, Yakass MB, Agyemang S, Duodu S. The Modulatory Effect of Lead Drug Candidates on Inflammatory Gene Expression in Sepsis: A Mini-Review. Curr Drug Discov Technol 2018; 16:48-56. [PMID: 29493457 DOI: 10.2174/1570163815666180227162926] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2017] [Revised: 02/15/2018] [Accepted: 02/21/2018] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Sepsis is a debilitating clinical syndrome of systemic inflammation in response to microorganisms especially Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria. A minority of sepsis cases could be due to non-pathogenic insult such as trauma. Much of the tissue and organ injury observed among septic patients is a consequence of the inflammatory response. The search for effective treatments of sepsis has led to several studies by different research groups across the globe. Although many targets and molecules have been identified, there is still no effective treatment for sepsis. The aim of this report is to review the literature on drugs and drug candidates against sepsis and how they modulate the expression of inflammatory genes. Many compounds have been identified to regulate inflammatory gene expression by interacting with targets such as topoisomerase 1 and nuclear factor kappa B, which regulate the production of pro- and anti-inflammatory cytokines. Even though these compounds appear promising as potential drugs against sepsis, no effective therapies have been discovered to date and thus the fight against sepsis continues.
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Affiliation(s)
- Samuel Mawuli Adadey
- Department of Biochemistry, Cell and Molecular Biology, West African Centre for Cell Biology of Infectious Pathogens (WACCBIP), College of Basic and Applied Sciences, University of Ghana, P. O. Box LG 54, Legon, Accra, Ghana
| | - Michael Bright Yakass
- Department of Biochemistry, Cell and Molecular Biology, West African Centre for Cell Biology of Infectious Pathogens (WACCBIP), College of Basic and Applied Sciences, University of Ghana, P. O. Box LG 54, Legon, Accra, Ghana
| | - Seth Agyemang
- Department of Biochemistry, Cell and Molecular Biology, West African Centre for Cell Biology of Infectious Pathogens (WACCBIP), College of Basic and Applied Sciences, University of Ghana, P. O. Box LG 54, Legon, Accra, Ghana
| | - Samuel Duodu
- Department of Biochemistry, Cell and Molecular Biology, West African Centre for Cell Biology of Infectious Pathogens (WACCBIP), College of Basic and Applied Sciences, University of Ghana, P. O. Box LG 54, Legon, Accra, Ghana
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Morgaz J, Espigares-Rodríguez L, Muñoz-Rascón P, Navarrete R, Fernández-Sarmiento JA, Granados Machuca MDM. Evaluation of gastric and bladder tonometry as indicators of tissue perfusion in induced hypotension in dogs. J Vet Emerg Crit Care (San Antonio) 2017; 27:532-538. [DOI: 10.1111/vec.12642] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2015] [Revised: 01/29/2016] [Accepted: 03/04/2016] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Juan Morgaz
- Department of Animal Medicine and Surgery; University of Córdoba; Córdoba Spain
| | | | - Pilar Muñoz-Rascón
- Department of Animal Medicine and Surgery; University of Córdoba; Córdoba Spain
| | - Rocío Navarrete
- Department of Animal Medicine and Surgery; University of Córdoba; Córdoba Spain
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Hypothermie thérapeutique après arrêt cardiaque et infections acquises en réanimation. MEDECINE INTENSIVE REANIMATION 2015. [DOI: 10.1007/s13546-015-1045-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
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Rodríguez AI, Csányi G, Ranayhossaini DJ, Feck DM, Blose KJ, Assatourian L, Vorp DA, Pagano PJ. MEF2B-Nox1 signaling is critical for stretch-induced phenotypic modulation of vascular smooth muscle cells. Arterioscler Thromb Vasc Biol 2015; 35:430-8. [PMID: 25550204 PMCID: PMC4409426 DOI: 10.1161/atvbaha.114.304936] [Citation(s) in RCA: 70] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Blood vessel hemodynamics have profound influences on function and structure of vascular cells. One of the main mechanical forces influencing vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMC) is cyclic stretch (CS). Increased CS stimulates reactive oxygen species (ROS) production in VSMC, leading to their dedifferentiation, yet the mechanisms involved are poorly understood. This study was designed to test the hypothesis that pathological CS stimulates NADPH oxidase isoform 1 (Nox1)-derived ROS via MEF2B, leading to VSMC dysfunction via a switch from a contractile to a synthetic phenotype. APPROACH AND RESULTS Using a newly developed isoform-specific Nox1 inhibitor and gene silencing technology, we demonstrate that a novel pathway, including MEF2B-Nox1-ROS, is upregulated under pathological stretch conditions, and this pathway promotes a VSMC phenotypic switch from a contractile to a synthetic phenotype. We observed that CS (10% at 1 Hz) mimicking systemic hypertension in humans increased Nox1 mRNA, protein levels, and enzymatic activity in a time-dependent manner, and this upregulation was mediated by MEF2B. Furthermore, we show that stretch-induced Nox1-derived ROS upregulated a specific marker for synthetic phenotype (osteopontin), whereas it downregulated classical markers for contractile phenotype (calponin1 and smoothelin B). In addition, our data demonstrated that stretch-induced Nox1 activation decreases actin fiber density and augments matrix metalloproteinase 9 activity, VSMC migration, and vectorial alignment. CONCLUSIONS These results suggest that CS initiates a signal through MEF2B that potentiates Nox1-mediated ROS production and causes VSMC to switch to a synthetic phenotype. The data also characterize a new Nox1 inhibitor as a potential therapy for treatment of vascular dysfunction in hypertension.
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MESH Headings
- Animals
- Biomarkers/metabolism
- Calcium-Binding Proteins/metabolism
- Cell Movement
- Cells, Cultured
- Cytoskeletal Proteins/metabolism
- Enzyme Inhibitors/pharmacology
- MEF2 Transcription Factors/genetics
- MEF2 Transcription Factors/metabolism
- Matrix Metalloproteinase 9/metabolism
- Mechanotransduction, Cellular/drug effects
- Microfilament Proteins/metabolism
- Muscle Proteins/metabolism
- Muscle, Smooth, Vascular/drug effects
- Muscle, Smooth, Vascular/metabolism
- Myocytes, Smooth Muscle/drug effects
- Myocytes, Smooth Muscle/metabolism
- NADH, NADPH Oxidoreductases/antagonists & inhibitors
- NADH, NADPH Oxidoreductases/genetics
- NADH, NADPH Oxidoreductases/metabolism
- NADPH Oxidase 1
- Osteopontin/metabolism
- Phenotype
- Pressoreceptors/metabolism
- RNA Interference
- RNA, Messenger/metabolism
- Rats
- Reactive Oxygen Species/metabolism
- Time Factors
- Transfection
- Vascular Remodeling/drug effects
- Calponins
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrés I Rodríguez
- From the Department of Pharmacology and Chemical Biology and Vascular Medicine Institute (A.I.R., G.C., D.J.R, D.M.F., L.A., P.J.P), and Departments of Bioengineering, Surgery, and Cardiothoracic Surgery and Center for Vascular Remodeling and Regeneration (K.J.B., D.A.V), University of Pittsburgh, PA; and Department of Basic Sciences, Faculty of Science, Universidad del Bío-Bío, Chillán, Chile (A.I.R)
| | - Gábor Csányi
- From the Department of Pharmacology and Chemical Biology and Vascular Medicine Institute (A.I.R., G.C., D.J.R, D.M.F., L.A., P.J.P), and Departments of Bioengineering, Surgery, and Cardiothoracic Surgery and Center for Vascular Remodeling and Regeneration (K.J.B., D.A.V), University of Pittsburgh, PA; and Department of Basic Sciences, Faculty of Science, Universidad del Bío-Bío, Chillán, Chile (A.I.R)
| | - Daniel J Ranayhossaini
- From the Department of Pharmacology and Chemical Biology and Vascular Medicine Institute (A.I.R., G.C., D.J.R, D.M.F., L.A., P.J.P), and Departments of Bioengineering, Surgery, and Cardiothoracic Surgery and Center for Vascular Remodeling and Regeneration (K.J.B., D.A.V), University of Pittsburgh, PA; and Department of Basic Sciences, Faculty of Science, Universidad del Bío-Bío, Chillán, Chile (A.I.R)
| | - Douglas M Feck
- From the Department of Pharmacology and Chemical Biology and Vascular Medicine Institute (A.I.R., G.C., D.J.R, D.M.F., L.A., P.J.P), and Departments of Bioengineering, Surgery, and Cardiothoracic Surgery and Center for Vascular Remodeling and Regeneration (K.J.B., D.A.V), University of Pittsburgh, PA; and Department of Basic Sciences, Faculty of Science, Universidad del Bío-Bío, Chillán, Chile (A.I.R)
| | - Kory J Blose
- From the Department of Pharmacology and Chemical Biology and Vascular Medicine Institute (A.I.R., G.C., D.J.R, D.M.F., L.A., P.J.P), and Departments of Bioengineering, Surgery, and Cardiothoracic Surgery and Center for Vascular Remodeling and Regeneration (K.J.B., D.A.V), University of Pittsburgh, PA; and Department of Basic Sciences, Faculty of Science, Universidad del Bío-Bío, Chillán, Chile (A.I.R)
| | - Lillian Assatourian
- From the Department of Pharmacology and Chemical Biology and Vascular Medicine Institute (A.I.R., G.C., D.J.R, D.M.F., L.A., P.J.P), and Departments of Bioengineering, Surgery, and Cardiothoracic Surgery and Center for Vascular Remodeling and Regeneration (K.J.B., D.A.V), University of Pittsburgh, PA; and Department of Basic Sciences, Faculty of Science, Universidad del Bío-Bío, Chillán, Chile (A.I.R)
| | - David A Vorp
- From the Department of Pharmacology and Chemical Biology and Vascular Medicine Institute (A.I.R., G.C., D.J.R, D.M.F., L.A., P.J.P), and Departments of Bioengineering, Surgery, and Cardiothoracic Surgery and Center for Vascular Remodeling and Regeneration (K.J.B., D.A.V), University of Pittsburgh, PA; and Department of Basic Sciences, Faculty of Science, Universidad del Bío-Bío, Chillán, Chile (A.I.R)
| | - Patrick J Pagano
- From the Department of Pharmacology and Chemical Biology and Vascular Medicine Institute (A.I.R., G.C., D.J.R, D.M.F., L.A., P.J.P), and Departments of Bioengineering, Surgery, and Cardiothoracic Surgery and Center for Vascular Remodeling and Regeneration (K.J.B., D.A.V), University of Pittsburgh, PA; and Department of Basic Sciences, Faculty of Science, Universidad del Bío-Bío, Chillán, Chile (A.I.R).
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Chiarandini P, Pompei L, Costa MG, Vetrugno L, Ronga F, Contin R, Rosa F, Della Rocca G. Effects of Catecholamines on Microcirculation During General Inhalation Anesthesia. J Cardiothorac Vasc Anesth 2013; 27:1239-45. [DOI: 10.1053/j.jvca.2013.03.036] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/26/2013] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
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Navarrete ML, Cerdeño MC, Serra MC, Conejero R. [Mitochondrial and microcirculatory distress syndrome in the critical patient. Therapeutic implications]. Med Intensiva 2013; 37:476-84. [PMID: 24018281 DOI: 10.1016/j.medin.2013.03.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2012] [Revised: 02/21/2013] [Accepted: 03/01/2013] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
Abstract
Mitochondrial and microcirculatory distress syndrome (MMDS) can occur during systemic inflammatory response syndrome (SIRS), and is characterized by cytopathic tissue hypoxia uncorrected by oxygen transport optimization, and associated with an acquired defect in the use of oxygen and energy production in mitochondria, leading to multiple organ dysfunction (MOD). We examine the pathogenesis of MMDS, new diagnostic methods, and recent therapeutic approaches adapted to each of the three phases in the evolution of the syndrome. In the initial phase, the aim is prevention and early reversal of mitochondrial dysfunction. Once the latter is established, the aim is to restore flow of the electron chain, mitochondrial respiration, and to avoid cellular energy collapse. Finally, in the third (resolution) stage, treatment should focus on stimulating mitochondrial biogenesis and the repair or replacement of damaged mitochondria.
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Affiliation(s)
- M L Navarrete
- Servicio de Medicina Intensiva, Hospital Universitario San Juan, San Juan, Alicante, España
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Mongardon N, Dyson A, Singer M. Is MOF an outcome parameter or a transient, adaptive state in critical illness? Curr Opin Crit Care 2009; 15:431-6. [PMID: 19617821 PMCID: PMC2859600 DOI: 10.1097/mcc.0b013e3283307a3b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE OF REVIEW The term 'multiorgan failure' (MOF) carries the negative connotation of major homeostatic breakdown and severe malfunction. However, this traditional paradigm may not be necessarily accurate. This review will investigate the rationale for no longer considering MOF to be simply a 'failed' pathophysiological state. RECENT FINDINGS Multiorgan failure is characterized by a hypometabolic, immunodepressed state with clinical and biochemical evidence of decreased functioning of the body's organ systems. Notwithstanding these findings, evidence for cell death is scarce and organ recovery is frequently the rule in surviving patients without pre-existing organ disease. Decreased mitochondrial activity appears to play a key role in the processes underlying MOF, both as a victim and a player. Reduced ATP production will compromise normal metabolic functioning. To protect itself from dying, the cell may adapt by decreasing its metabolic rate, and this is clinically manifest as organ dysfunction. Mitochondrial modulation may thus represent an important therapeutic target. SUMMARY The concept of MOF could be revisited as a transient state of metabolic shutdown analogous to hibernation. Avoiding the detrimental effects of inappropriate and counter-adaptive iatrogenic interventions is an important cornerstone of therapeutic management.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nicolas Mongardon
- Bloomsbury Institute of Intensive Care Medicine, Department of Medicine, University College London, London, UK
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