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Yan L, Fu K, Li L, Li Q, Zhou X. Potential of sonobiopsy as a novel diagnosis tool for brain cancer. MOLECULAR THERAPY. ONCOLOGY 2024; 32:200840. [PMID: 39077551 PMCID: PMC11284684 DOI: 10.1016/j.omton.2024.200840] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/31/2024]
Abstract
Brain tumors have a poor prognosis. Early, accurate diagnosis and treatment are crucial. Although brain surgical biopsy can provide an accurate diagnosis, it is highly invasive and risky and is not suitable for follow-up examination. Blood-based liquid biopsies have a low detection rate of tumor biomarkers and limited evaluation ability due to the existence of the blood-brain barrier (BBB). The BBB is composed of brain capillary endothelial cells through tight junctions, which prevents the release of brain tumor markers to the human peripheral circulation, making it more difficult to diagnose, predict prognosis, and evaluate therapeutic response through brain tumor markers than other tumors. Focused ultrasound (FUS)-enabled liquid biopsy (sonobiopsy) is an emerging technique using FUS to promote the release of tumor markers into the circulatory system and cerebrospinal fluid, thus facilitating tumor detection. The feasibility and safety data from both animal models and clinical trials support sonobiopsy as a great potential in the diagnosis of brain diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Li Yan
- Institute of Medical Research, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi’an, China
| | - Kang Fu
- Institute of Medical Research, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi’an, China
| | - Le Li
- Institute of Medical Research, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi’an, China
| | - Qing Li
- Ultrasound Diagnosis and Treatment Center, Xi’an International Medical Center Hospital, Xi’an, China
| | - Xiaodong Zhou
- Ultrasound Diagnosis and Treatment Center, Xi’an International Medical Center Hospital, Xi’an, China
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2
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Jun Wei JL, Kamarudin AA, Hong SB, Palaniandy K, Bakar AA, Thanabalan J, Athi Kumar RK, Jaafar AS, Paramasvaran S, Fadzil F, Abu N. Profiling of autoantibodies in the sera of glioblastoma patients. Immunotherapy 2024:1-8. [PMID: 39263942 DOI: 10.1080/1750743x.2024.2390350] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2024] [Accepted: 08/06/2024] [Indexed: 09/13/2024] Open
Abstract
Aim: This study aimed to determine the expression pattern of autoantibody proteins from the serum of grade IV glioblastoma patients.Materials & methods: We performed high throughput antibody profiling via the Sengenics i-Ome® Protein Array to determine the differentially expressed autoantibodies.Results: The results portrayed that anti-COL4A3BP and anti-HSP90AA1 were among the upregulated autoantibodies in glioblastoma sera.Conclusion: The selected autoantibodies offer promising targets for future glioblastoma pathogenesis. However, further validation is required to elucidate the autoantibody signature in glioblastoma patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Johannes Low Jun Wei
- UKM Medical Molecular Biology Institute (UMBI), Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia (UKM), Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Ammar Akram Kamarudin
- UKM Medical Molecular Biology Institute (UMBI), Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia (UKM), Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Soon Bee Hong
- Neurosurgery Unit, Department of Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia (UKM), Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Kamalanathan Palaniandy
- Neurosurgery Unit, Department of Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia (UKM), Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Azizi Abu Bakar
- Neurosurgery Unit, Department of Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia (UKM), Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Jegan Thanabalan
- Neurosurgery Unit, Department of Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia (UKM), Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Ramesh Kumar Athi Kumar
- Neurosurgery Unit, Department of Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia (UKM), Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Ainul Syahrilfazli Jaafar
- Neurosurgery Unit, Department of Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia (UKM), Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Sanmugarajah Paramasvaran
- Neurosurgery Unit, Department of Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia (UKM), Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Farizal Fadzil
- Neurosurgery Unit, Department of Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia (UKM), Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Nadiah Abu
- UKM Medical Molecular Biology Institute (UMBI), Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia (UKM), Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
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3
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Ghorbani A, Chatanaka MK, Avery LM, Wang M, Brown J, Cohen R, Gorham T, Misaghian S, Padmanabhan N, Romero D, Stengelin M, Mathew A, Sigal G, Wohlstadter J, Horbinski C, McCortney K, Xu W, Zadeh G, Mansouri A, Yousef GM, Diamandis EP, Prassas I. Glial fibrillary acidic protein, neurofilament light, matrix metalloprotease 3 and fatty acid binding protein 4 as non-invasive brain tumor biomarkers. Clin Proteomics 2024; 21:41. [PMID: 38879494 PMCID: PMC11179213 DOI: 10.1186/s12014-024-09492-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2024] [Accepted: 05/29/2024] [Indexed: 06/19/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Gliomas are aggressive malignant tumors, with poor prognosis. There is an unmet need for the discovery of new, non-invasive biomarkers for differential diagnosis, prognosis, and management of brain tumors. Our objective is to validate four plasma biomarkers - glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP), neurofilament light (NEFL), matrix metalloprotease 3 (MMP3) and fatty acid binding protein 4 (FABP4) - and compare them with established brain tumor molecular markers and survival. METHODS Our cohort consisted of patients with benign and malignant brain tumors (GBM = 77, Astrocytomas = 26, Oligodendrogliomas = 23, Secondary tumors = 35, Meningiomas = 70, Schwannomas = 15, Pituitary adenomas = 15, Normal individuals = 30). For measurements, we used ultrasensitive electrochemiluminescence multiplexed immunoassays. RESULTS High plasma GFAP concentration was associated with GBM, low GFAP and high FABP4 were associated with meningiomas, and low GFAP and low FABP4 were associated with astrocytomas and oligodendrogliomas. NEFL was associated with progression of disease. Several prognostic genetic alterations were significantly associated with all plasma biomarker levels. We found no independent associations between plasma GFAP, NEFL, FABP4 and MMP3, and overall survival. The candidate biomarkers could not reliably discriminate GBM from primary or secondary CNS lymphomas. CONCLUSIONS GFAP, NEFL, FABP4 and MMP3 are useful for differential diagnosis and prognosis, and are associated with molecular changes in gliomas.
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Affiliation(s)
- Atefeh Ghorbani
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathobiology, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada
| | - Miyo K Chatanaka
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathobiology, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada
| | - Lisa M Avery
- Biostatistics Division, Dalla Lana School of Public Health, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada
- Department of Biostatistics, The Princess Margaret Cancer Centre, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada
| | - Mingyue Wang
- Meso Scale Diagnostics, LLC., Rockville, MD, USA
| | | | - Rachel Cohen
- Meso Scale Diagnostics, LLC., Rockville, MD, USA
| | - Taron Gorham
- Meso Scale Diagnostics, LLC., Rockville, MD, USA
| | | | | | | | | | - Anu Mathew
- Meso Scale Diagnostics, LLC., Rockville, MD, USA
| | - George Sigal
- Meso Scale Diagnostics, LLC., Rockville, MD, USA
| | | | - Craig Horbinski
- Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern Medicine, Malnati Brain Tumor Institute of the Robert H. Lurie Comprehensive Cancer Center, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Katy McCortney
- Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern Medicine, Malnati Brain Tumor Institute of the Robert H. Lurie Comprehensive Cancer Center, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Wei Xu
- Biostatistics Division, Dalla Lana School of Public Health, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada
- Department of Biostatistics, The Princess Margaret Cancer Centre, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada
| | - Gelareh Zadeh
- MacFeeters Hamilton Neuro-Oncology Program, Princess Margaret Cancer Centre, University Health Network and University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
- Division of Neurosurgery, Department of Surgery, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Alireza Mansouri
- Department of Neurosurgery, Hershey Medical Center, Hershey, PA, USA
- Penn State Cancer Institute, Hershey Medical Center, Hershey, PA, USA
| | - George M Yousef
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathobiology, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada
- Laboratory Medicine Program, University Health Network, Toronto, Canada
| | - Eleftherios P Diamandis
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Mount Sinai Hospital, Toronto, Canada.
- Lunenfeld-Tanenbaum Research Institute, Mount Sinai Hospital, Toronto, Canada.
| | - Ioannis Prassas
- Laboratory Medicine Program, University Health Network, Toronto, Canada.
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Riviere-Cazaux C, Graser CJ, Warrington AE, Hoplin MD, Andersen KM, Malik N, Palmer EA, Carlstrom LP, Dasari S, Munoz-Casabella A, Ikram S, Ghadimi K, Himes BT, Jusue-Torres I, Sarkaria JN, Meyer FB, Van Gompel JJ, Kizilbash SH, Sener U, Michor F, Campian JL, Parney IF, Burns TC. The dynamic impact of location and resection on the glioma CSF proteome. MEDRXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR HEALTH SCIENCES 2024:2024.05.15.24307463. [PMID: 38798641 PMCID: PMC11118641 DOI: 10.1101/2024.05.15.24307463] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/29/2024]
Abstract
While serial sampling of glioma tissue is rarely performed prior to recurrence, cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) is an underutilized longitudinal source of candidate glioma biomarkers for understanding therapeutic impacts. However, the impact of key variables to consider in longitudinal CSF samples, including anatomical location and post-surgical changes, remains unknown. To that end, pre- versus post-resection intracranial CSF samples were obtained at early (1-16 days; n=20) or delayed (86-153 days; n=11) timepoints for patients with glioma. Paired lumbar-versus-intracranial glioma CSF samples were also obtained (n=14). Using aptamer-based proteomics, we identify significant differences in the CSF proteome between lumbar, subarachnoid, and ventricular CSF. Our analysis of serial intracranial CSF samples suggests the early potential for disease monitoring and evaluation of pharmacodynamic impact of targeted therapies. Importantly, we found that resection had a significant, evolving longitudinal impact on the CSF proteome. Proteomic data are provided with individual clinical annotations as a resource for the field. One Sentence Summary Glioma cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) accessed intra-operatively and longitudinally via devices can reveal impacts of treatment and anatomical location.
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Ghaznavi H, Afzalipour R, Khoei S, Sargazi S, Shirvalilou S, Sheervalilou R. New insights into targeted therapy of glioblastoma using smart nanoparticles. Cancer Cell Int 2024; 24:160. [PMID: 38715021 PMCID: PMC11077767 DOI: 10.1186/s12935-024-03331-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/26/2023] [Accepted: 04/18/2024] [Indexed: 05/12/2024] Open
Abstract
In recent times, the intersection of nanotechnology and biomedical research has given rise to nanobiomedicine, a captivating realm that holds immense promise for revolutionizing diagnostic and therapeutic approaches in the field of cancer. This innovative fusion of biology, medicine, and nanotechnology aims to create diagnostic and therapeutic agents with enhanced safety and efficacy, particularly in the realm of theranostics for various malignancies. Diverse inorganic, organic, and hybrid organic-inorganic nanoparticles, each possessing unique properties, have been introduced into this domain. This review seeks to highlight the latest strides in targeted glioblastoma therapy by focusing on the application of inorganic smart nanoparticles. Beyond exploring the general role of nanotechnology in medical applications, this review delves into groundbreaking strategies for glioblastoma treatment, showcasing the potential of smart nanoparticles through in vitro studies, in vivo investigations, and ongoing clinical trials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Habib Ghaznavi
- Pharmacology Research Center, Zahedan University of Medical Sciences, Zahedan, Iran
| | - Reza Afzalipour
- Molecular Medicine Research Center, Hormozgan Health Institute, Hormozgan University of Medical Sciences, Bandar Abbas, Iran.
- Department of Radiology, Faculty of Para-Medicine, Hormozgan University of Medical Sciences, Bandar Abbas, Iran.
| | - Samideh Khoei
- Finetech in Medicine Research Center, Department of Medical Physics, School of Medicine, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Saman Sargazi
- Cellular and Molecular Research Center, Research Institute of Cellular and Molecular Sciences in Infectious Diseases, Zahedan University of Medical Sciences, Zahedan, Iran
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry, School of Medicine, Zahedan University of Medical Sciences, Zahedan, Iran
| | - Sakine Shirvalilou
- Finetech in Medicine Research Center, Department of Medical Physics, School of Medicine, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Roghayeh Sheervalilou
- Pharmacology Research Center, Zahedan University of Medical Sciences, Zahedan, Iran.
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Chatanaka MK, Avery LM, Pasic MD, Sithravadivel S, Rotstein D, Demos C, Cohen R, Gorham T, Wang M, Stengelin M, Mathew A, Sigal G, Wohlstadter J, Prassas I, Diamandis EP. The relationship between serum astroglial and neuronal markers and AQP4 and MOG autoantibodies. Clin Proteomics 2024; 21:28. [PMID: 38580905 PMCID: PMC10998414 DOI: 10.1186/s12014-024-09466-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/24/2023] [Accepted: 02/14/2024] [Indexed: 04/07/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Certain demyelinating disorders, such as neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorder (NMOSD) and myelin oligodendrocyte glycoprotein antibody-associated disease (MOGAD) exhibit serum autoantibodies against aquaporin-4 (αAQP4) and myelin oligodendrocyte glycoprotein (αMOG). The variability of the autoantibody presentation warrants further research into subtyping each case. METHODS To elucidate the relationship between astroglial and neuronal protein concentrations in the peripheral circulation with occurrence of these autoantibodies, 86 serum samples were analyzed using immunoassays. The protein concentration of glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP), neurofilament light chain (NFL) and tau protein was measured in 3 groups of subcategories of suspected NMOSD: αAQP4 positive (n = 20), αMOG positive (n = 32) and αMOG/αAQP4 seronegative (n = 34). Kruskal-Wallis analysis, univariate predictor analysis, and multivariate logistic regression with ROC curves were performed. RESULTS GFAP and NFL concentrations were significantly elevated in the αAQP4 positive group (p = 0.003; p = 0.042, respectively), and tau was elevated in the αMOG/αAQP4 seronegative group (p < 0.001). A logistic regression model to classify serostatus was able to separate αAQP4 seropositivity using GFAP + tau, and αMOG seropositivity using tau. The areas under the ROC curves (AUCs) were 0.77 and 0.72, respectively. Finally, a combined seropositivity versus negative status logistic regression model was generated, with AUC = 0.80. CONCLUSION The 3 markers can univariately and multivariately classify with moderate accuracy the samples with seropositivity and seronegativity for αAQP4 and αMOG.
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Affiliation(s)
- Miyo K Chatanaka
- Department of Laboratory and Medicine Pathobiology, University of Toronto, 60 Murray St. Box 32, Floor 6, Rm L6-201, Toronto, ON, M5T 3L9, Canada
- Laboratory Medicine Program, University Health Network, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Lisa M Avery
- Biostatistics Division, Dalla Lana School of Public Health, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada
- Department of Biostatistics, The Princess Margaret Cancer Centre, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada
| | - Maria D Pasic
- Department of Laboratory and Medicine Pathobiology, University of Toronto, 60 Murray St. Box 32, Floor 6, Rm L6-201, Toronto, ON, M5T 3L9, Canada
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, St. Joseph's Health Centre, Unity Health Toronto, Toronto, Canada
| | - Shanthan Sithravadivel
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, St. Joseph's Health Centre, Unity Health Toronto, Toronto, Canada
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Anu Mathew
- Meso Scale Diagnostics, LLC, Rockville, MD, USA
| | | | | | - Ioannis Prassas
- Laboratory Medicine Program, University Health Network, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Eleftherios P Diamandis
- Laboratory Medicine Program, University Health Network, Toronto, ON, Canada.
- Lunenfeld- Tanenbaum Research Institute, Mount Sinai Hospital, Toronto, ON, Canada.
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Valerius AR, Webb MJ, Hammad N, Sener U, Malani R. Cerebrospinal Fluid Liquid Biopsies in the Evaluation of Adult Gliomas. Curr Oncol Rep 2024; 26:377-390. [PMID: 38488990 DOI: 10.1007/s11912-024-01517-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 03/05/2024] [Indexed: 03/17/2024]
Abstract
PURPOSE OF REVIEW This review aims to discuss recent research regarding the biomolecules explored in liquid biopsies and their potential clinical uses for adult-type diffuse gliomas. RECENT FINDINGS Evaluation of tumor biomolecules via cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) is an emerging technology in neuro-oncology. Studies to date have already identified various circulating tumor DNA, extracellular vesicle, micro-messenger RNA and protein biomarkers of interest. These biomarkers show potential to assist in multiple avenues of central nervous system (CNS) tumor evaluation, including tumor differentiation and diagnosis, treatment selection, response assessment, detection of tumor progression, and prognosis. In addition, CSF liquid biopsies have the potential to better characterize tumor heterogeneity compared to conventional tissue collection and CNS imaging. Current imaging modalities are not sufficient to establish a definitive glioma diagnosis and repeated tissue sampling via conventional biopsy is risky, therefore, there is a great need to improve non-invasive and minimally invasive sampling methods. CSF liquid biopsies represent a promising, minimally invasive adjunct to current approaches which can provide diagnostic and prognostic information as well as aid in response assessment.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Mason J Webb
- Department of Medical Oncology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA
| | - Nouran Hammad
- Jordan University of Science and Technology School of Medicine, Irbid, Jordan
| | - Ugur Sener
- Department of Neurology, Department of Medical Oncology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA
| | - Rachna Malani
- University of UT - Huntsman Cancer Institute (Department of Neurosurgery), Salt Lake City, UT, USA
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8
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Chatanaka MK, Avery LM, Pasic MD, Sithravadivel S, Rotstein D, Demos C, Cohen R, Gorham T, Wang M, Stengelin M, Mathew A, Wohlstadter J, Prassas I, Diamandis EP. The relationship between serum astroglial and neuronal markers and AQP4 and MOG autoantibodies. RESEARCH SQUARE 2023:rs.3.rs-3659922. [PMID: 38077014 PMCID: PMC10705596 DOI: 10.21203/rs.3.rs-3659922/v1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2023]
Abstract
Background Certain demyelinating disorders, such as neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorder (NMOSD) and myelin oligodendrocyte glycoprotein antibody-associated disease (MOGAD) exhibit serum autoantibodies against aquaporin-4 (αAQP4) and myelin oligodendrocyte glycoprotein (αMOG). The variability of the autoantibody presentation warrants further research into subtyping each case. Methods To elucidate the relationship between astroglial and neuronal protein concentrations in the peripheral circulation with occurrence of these autoantibodies, 86 serum samples were analyzed using immunoassays. The protein concentration of glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP), neurofilament light chain (NFL) and tau protein was measured in 3 groups of subcategories of suspected NMOSD: αAQP4 positive (n = 20), αMOG positive (n = 32) and αMOG/αAQP4 seronegative (n = 34). Kruskal-Wallis analysis, univariate predictor analysis, and multivariate logistic regression with ROC curves were performed. Results GFAP and NFL concentrations were significantly elevated in the αAQP4 positive group (p = 0.003; p = 0.042, respectively), and tau was elevated in the αMOG/αAQP4 seronegative group (p < 0.001). A logistic regression model to classify serostatus was able to separate αAQP4 seropositivity using GFAP + tau, and αMOG seropositivity using tau. The areas under the ROC curves (AUCs) were 0.77 and 0.72, respectively. Finally, a combined seropositivity versus negative status logistic regression model was generated, with AUC = 0.80. Conclusion The 3 markers can univariately and multivariately classify with moderate accuracy the samples with seropositivity and seronegativity for αAQP4 and αMOG.
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Slika H, Karimov Z, Alimonti P, Abou-Mrad T, De Fazio E, Alomari S, Tyler B. Preclinical Models and Technologies in Glioblastoma Research: Evolution, Current State, and Future Avenues. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:16316. [PMID: 38003507 PMCID: PMC10671665 DOI: 10.3390/ijms242216316] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/24/2023] [Revised: 11/07/2023] [Accepted: 11/09/2023] [Indexed: 11/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Glioblastoma is the most common malignant primary central nervous system tumor and one of the most debilitating cancers. The prognosis of patients with glioblastoma remains poor, and the management of this tumor, both in its primary and recurrent forms, remains suboptimal. Despite the tremendous efforts that are being put forward by the research community to discover novel efficacious therapeutic agents and modalities, no major paradigm shifts have been established in the field in the last decade. However, this does not mirror the abundance of relevant findings and discoveries made in preclinical glioblastoma research. Hence, developing and utilizing appropriate preclinical models that faithfully recapitulate the characteristics and behavior of human glioblastoma is of utmost importance. Herein, we offer a holistic picture of the evolution of preclinical models of glioblastoma. We further elaborate on the commonly used in vitro and vivo models, delving into their development, favorable characteristics, shortcomings, and areas of potential improvement, which aids researchers in designing future experiments and utilizing the most suitable models. Additionally, this review explores progress in the fields of humanized and immunotolerant mouse models, genetically engineered animal models, 3D in vitro models, and microfluidics and highlights promising avenues for the future of preclinical glioblastoma research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hasan Slika
- Department of Neurosurgery, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21287, USA; (H.S.); (Z.K.); (S.A.)
| | - Ziya Karimov
- Department of Neurosurgery, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21287, USA; (H.S.); (Z.K.); (S.A.)
- Faculty of Medicine, Ege University, 35100 Izmir, Turkey
| | - Paolo Alimonti
- School of Medicine, Vita-Salute San Raffaele University, 20132 Milan, Italy; (P.A.); (E.D.F.)
| | - Tatiana Abou-Mrad
- Faculty of Medicine, American University of Beirut, Beirut P.O. Box 11-0236, Lebanon;
- Department of Neurosurgery, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL 60612, USA
| | - Emerson De Fazio
- School of Medicine, Vita-Salute San Raffaele University, 20132 Milan, Italy; (P.A.); (E.D.F.)
| | - Safwan Alomari
- Department of Neurosurgery, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21287, USA; (H.S.); (Z.K.); (S.A.)
| | - Betty Tyler
- Department of Neurosurgery, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21287, USA; (H.S.); (Z.K.); (S.A.)
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Trivedi R, Bhat KP. Liquid biopsy: creating opportunities in brain space. Br J Cancer 2023; 129:1727-1746. [PMID: 37752289 PMCID: PMC10667495 DOI: 10.1038/s41416-023-02446-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/24/2023] [Revised: 09/10/2023] [Accepted: 09/15/2023] [Indexed: 09/28/2023] Open
Abstract
In recent years, liquid biopsy has emerged as an alternative method to diagnose and monitor tumors. Compared to classical tissue biopsy procedures, liquid biopsy facilitates the repetitive collection of diverse cellular and acellular analytes from various biofluids in a non/minimally invasive manner. This strategy is of greater significance for high-grade brain malignancies such as glioblastoma as the quantity and accessibility of tumors are limited, and there are collateral risks of compromised life quality coupled with surgical interventions. Currently, blood and cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) are the most common biofluids used to collect circulating cells and biomolecules of tumor origin. These liquid biopsy analytes have created opportunities for real-time investigations of distinct genetic, epigenetic, transcriptomics, proteomics, and metabolomics alterations associated with brain tumors. This review describes different classes of liquid biopsy biomarkers present in the biofluids of brain tumor patients. Moreover, an overview of the liquid biopsy applications, challenges, recent technological advances, and clinical trials in the brain have also been provided.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rakesh Trivedi
- Department of Translational Molecular Pathology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA.
| | - Krishna P Bhat
- Department of Translational Molecular Pathology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
- Department of Neurosurgery, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
- The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center UTHealth Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Houston, TX, USA
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11
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Simone L, Capobianco DL, Di Palma F, Binda E, Legnani FG, Vescovi AL, Svelto M, Pisani F. GFAP serves as a structural element of tunneling nanotubes between glioblastoma cells and could play a role in the intercellular transfer of mitochondria. Front Cell Dev Biol 2023; 11:1221671. [PMID: 37886397 PMCID: PMC10598779 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2023.1221671] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/12/2023] [Accepted: 09/21/2023] [Indexed: 10/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Tunneling nanotubes (TNTs) are long F-actin-positive plasma membrane bridges connecting distant cells, allowing the intercellular transfer of cellular cargoes, and are found to be involved in glioblastoma (GBM) intercellular crosstalk. Glial fibrillary acid protein (GFAP) is a key intermediate filament protein of glial cells involved in cytoskeleton remodeling and linked to GBM progression. Whether GFAP plays a role in TNT structure and function in GBM is unknown. Here, analyzing F-actin and GFAP localization by laser-scan confocal microscopy followed by 3D reconstruction (3D-LSCM) and mitochondria dynamic by live-cell time-lapse fluorescence microscopy, we show the presence of GFAP in TNTs containing functional mitochondria connecting distant human GBM cells. Taking advantage of super-resolution 3D-LSCM, we show the presence of GFAP-positive TNT-like structures in resected human GBM as well. Using H2O2 or the pro-apoptotic toxin staurosporine (STS), we show that GFAP-positive TNTs strongly increase during oxidative stress and apoptosis in the GBM cell line. Culturing GBM cells with STS-treated GBM cells, we show that STS triggers the formation of GFAP-positive TNTs between them. Finally, we provide evidence that mitochondria co-localize with GFAP at the tip of close-ended GFAP-positive TNTs and inside receiving STS-GBM cells. Summarizing, here we found that GFAP is a structural component of TNTs generated by GBM cells, that GFAP-positive TNTs are upregulated in response to oxidative stress and pro-apoptotic stress, and that GFAP interacts with mitochondria during the intercellular transfer. These findings contribute to elucidate the molecular structure of TNTs generated by GBM cells, highlighting the structural role of GFAP in TNTs and suggesting a functional role of this intermediate filament component in the intercellular mitochondria transfer between GBM cells in response to pro-apoptotic stimuli.
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Affiliation(s)
- L. Simone
- Cancer Stem Cells Unit, Fondazione IRCCS Casa Sollievo della Sofferenza, San Giovanni Rotondo, Italy
| | - D. L. Capobianco
- Department of Biosciences, Biotechnologies and Environment, University of Bari “Aldo Moro”, Bari, Italy
| | - F. Di Palma
- Department of Biosciences, Biotechnologies and Environment, University of Bari “Aldo Moro”, Bari, Italy
| | - E. Binda
- Cancer Stem Cells Unit, Fondazione IRCCS Casa Sollievo della Sofferenza, San Giovanni Rotondo, Italy
| | - F. G. Legnani
- Department of Neurosurgery, National Neurologic Institute IRCCS Besta, Milan, Italy
| | - A. L. Vescovi
- Cellular Reprogramming Unit, Fondazione IRCCS Casa Sollievo della Sofferenza, San Giovanni Rotondo, Italy
| | - M. Svelto
- Department of Biosciences, Biotechnologies and Environment, University of Bari “Aldo Moro”, Bari, Italy
- Institute of Biomembranes and Bioenergetics, National Research Council, Bari, Italy
- National Institute of Biostructures and Biosystems (INBB), Rome, Italy
| | - F. Pisani
- Department of Biosciences, Biotechnologies and Environment, University of Bari “Aldo Moro”, Bari, Italy
- Center for Synaptic Neuroscience and Technology, Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia, Genoa, Italy
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12
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Srivastava R, Labani-Motlagh A, Chen A, Bohorquez JA, Qin B, Dodda M, Yang F, Ansari D, Patel S, Ji H, Trasti S, Chao Y, Patel Y, Zou H, Hu B, Yi G. Development of a human glioblastoma model using humanized DRAG mice for immunotherapy. Antib Ther 2023; 6:253-264. [PMID: 38075240 PMCID: PMC10702851 DOI: 10.1093/abt/tbad021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2023] [Revised: 09/27/2023] [Accepted: 09/28/2023] [Indexed: 12/20/2023] Open
Abstract
Glioblastoma (GBM) is the most common and lethal primary brain tumor. The development of alternative humanized mouse models with fully functional human immune cells will potentially accelerate the progress of GBM immunotherapy. We successfully generated humanized DRAG (NOD.Rag1KO.IL2RγcKO) mouse model by transplantation of human DR4+ hematopoietic stem cells (hHSCs), and effectively grafted GBM patient-derived tumorsphere cells to form xenografted tumors intracranially. The engrafted tumors recapitulated the pathological features and the immune cell composition of human GBM. Administration of anti-human PD-1 antibodies in these tumor-bearing humanized DRAG mice decreased the major tumor-infiltrating immunosuppressive cell populations, including CD4+PD-1+ and CD8+PD-1+ T cells, CD11b+CD14+HLA-DR+ macrophages, CD11b+CD14+HLA-DR-CD15- and CD11b+CD14-CD15+ myeloid-derived suppressor cells, indicating the humanized DRAG mice as a useful model to test the efficacy of GBM immunotherapy. Taken together, these results suggest that the humanized DRAG mouse model is a reliable preclinical platform for studying brain cancer immunotherapy and beyond.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rashmi Srivastava
- Department of Neurological Surgery, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA 15213, USA
- John G. Rangos Sr. Research Center, UPMC Children's Hospital of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15224, USA
| | - Alireza Labani-Motlagh
- Department of Medicine, The University of Texas at Tyler School of Medicine, Tyler, TX 75708, USA
- Center for Biomedical Research, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Tyler, Tyler, TX 75708, USA
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Biology, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Tyler, Tyler, TX 75708, USA
| | - Apeng Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Veterinary Etiological Biology, Lanzhou Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Lanzhou 730046, China
| | - Jose Alejandro Bohorquez
- Department of Medicine, The University of Texas at Tyler School of Medicine, Tyler, TX 75708, USA
- Center for Biomedical Research, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Tyler, Tyler, TX 75708, USA
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Biology, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Tyler, Tyler, TX 75708, USA
| | - Bin Qin
- Department of Neurological Surgery, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA 15213, USA
- John G. Rangos Sr. Research Center, UPMC Children's Hospital of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15224, USA
- National Centre for International Research in Cell and Gene Therapy, Academy of Medical Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan Province 450001, People’s Republic of China
| | - Meghana Dodda
- Department of Neurological Surgery, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA 15213, USA
- John G. Rangos Sr. Research Center, UPMC Children's Hospital of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15224, USA
| | - Fan Yang
- Department of Medicine, The University of Texas at Tyler School of Medicine, Tyler, TX 75708, USA
- Center for Biomedical Research, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Tyler, Tyler, TX 75708, USA
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Biology, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Tyler, Tyler, TX 75708, USA
| | - Danish Ansari
- Department of Medicine, The University of Texas at Tyler School of Medicine, Tyler, TX 75708, USA
- Center for Biomedical Research, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Tyler, Tyler, TX 75708, USA
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Biology, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Tyler, Tyler, TX 75708, USA
| | - Sahil Patel
- Department of Medicine, The University of Texas at Tyler School of Medicine, Tyler, TX 75708, USA
- Center for Biomedical Research, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Tyler, Tyler, TX 75708, USA
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Biology, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Tyler, Tyler, TX 75708, USA
| | - Honglong Ji
- Center for Biomedical Research, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Tyler, Tyler, TX 75708, USA
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Biology, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Tyler, Tyler, TX 75708, USA
| | - Scott Trasti
- Laboratory Animal Resource Center, Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center, Lubbock, TX 79410, USA
| | - Yapeng Chao
- Department of Neurological Surgery, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA 15213, USA
- John G. Rangos Sr. Research Center, UPMC Children's Hospital of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15224, USA
| | - Yash Patel
- Department of Neurological Surgery, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA 15213, USA
- John G. Rangos Sr. Research Center, UPMC Children's Hospital of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15224, USA
| | - Han Zou
- Department of Neurological Surgery, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA 15213, USA
- John G. Rangos Sr. Research Center, UPMC Children's Hospital of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15224, USA
| | - Baoli Hu
- Department of Neurological Surgery, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA 15213, USA
- John G. Rangos Sr. Research Center, UPMC Children's Hospital of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15224, USA
- Cancer Biology Program, UPMC Hillman Cancer Center, Pittsburgh, PA 15232, USA
| | - Guohua Yi
- Department of Medicine, The University of Texas at Tyler School of Medicine, Tyler, TX 75708, USA
- Center for Biomedical Research, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Tyler, Tyler, TX 75708, USA
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Biology, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Tyler, Tyler, TX 75708, USA
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13
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Luarte A, Nardocci G, Chakraborty A, Batiz LF, Pino-Lagos K, Wyneken Ú. Astrocyte-derived extracellular vesicles in stress-associated mood disorders. Does the immune system get astrocytic? Pharmacol Res 2023; 194:106833. [PMID: 37348692 DOI: 10.1016/j.phrs.2023.106833] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/09/2023] [Revised: 06/15/2023] [Accepted: 06/19/2023] [Indexed: 06/24/2023]
Abstract
Life stressors can wreak havoc on our health, contributing to mood disorders like major depressive disorder (MDD), a widespread and debilitating condition. Unfortunately, current treatments and diagnostic strategies fall short of addressing these disorders, highlighting the need for new approaches. In this regard, the relationship between MDD, brain inflammation (neuroinflammation), and systemic inflammation in the body may offer novel insights. Recent research has uncovered the crucial role of astrocytes in coordinating the inflammatory response through the release of extracellular vesicles (ADEVs) during different neuroinflammatory conditions. While the contribution of ADEVs to stress and MDD remains largely unexplored, their potential to modulate immune cells and contribute to MDD pathogenesis is significant. In this article, we delve into the immunomodulatory role of ADEVs, their potential impact on peripheral immune cells, and how their microRNA (miRNA) landscape may hold the key to controlling immune cell activity. Together, these mechanisms may constitute an opportunity to develop novel therapeutic pharmacological approaches to tackle mood disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alejandro Luarte
- Faculty of Medicine, Universidad de los Andes, Santiago 7620001, Chile; Program in Neuroscience, Center for Biomedical Research and Innovation (CiiB), Universidad de los Andes, Santiago 7620001, Chile.
| | - Gino Nardocci
- Faculty of Medicine, Universidad de los Andes, Santiago 7620001, Chile; Molecular Biology and Bioinformatics Lab, Program in Molecular Biology and Bioinformatics, Center for Biomedical Research and Innovation (CiiB), Universidad de los Andes, Santiago 7620001, Chile; IMPACT, Center of Interventional Medicine for Precision and Advanced Cellular Therapy, Santiago 7620001, Chile
| | - Ankush Chakraborty
- Program in Neuroscience, Center for Biomedical Research and Innovation (CiiB), Universidad de los Andes, Santiago 7620001, Chile
| | - Luis Federico Batiz
- Faculty of Medicine, Universidad de los Andes, Santiago 7620001, Chile; Program in Neuroscience, Center for Biomedical Research and Innovation (CiiB), Universidad de los Andes, Santiago 7620001, Chile; IMPACT, Center of Interventional Medicine for Precision and Advanced Cellular Therapy, Santiago 7620001, Chile
| | - Karina Pino-Lagos
- Faculty of Medicine, Universidad de los Andes, Santiago 7620001, Chile; Program in Immunology, Center for Biomedical Research and Innovation (CiiB), Universidad de los Andes, Santiago 7620001, Chile
| | - Úrsula Wyneken
- Faculty of Medicine, Universidad de los Andes, Santiago 7620001, Chile; Program in Neuroscience, Center for Biomedical Research and Innovation (CiiB), Universidad de los Andes, Santiago 7620001, Chile; IMPACT, Center of Interventional Medicine for Precision and Advanced Cellular Therapy, Santiago 7620001, Chile.
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14
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Czarnywojtek A, Borowska M, Dyrka K, Van Gool S, Sawicka-Gutaj N, Moskal J, Kościński J, Graczyk P, Hałas T, Lewandowska AM, Czepczyński R, Ruchała M. Glioblastoma Multiforme: The Latest Diagnostics and Treatment Techniques. Pharmacology 2023; 108:423-431. [PMID: 37459849 DOI: 10.1159/000531319] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/19/2022] [Accepted: 05/05/2023] [Indexed: 09/23/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Glioblastoma multiforme (GBM) is a WHO grade 4 glioma and the most common malignant primary brain tumour. Recently, there has been outstanding progress in the treatment of GBM. In addition to the newest form of GBM removal using fluorescence, three-dimensional (3D) imaging, tomoradiotherapy, moderate electro-hyperthermia, and adjuvant temozolomide (post-operative chemotherapy), new developments have been made in the fields of immunology, molecular biology, and virotherapy. An unusual and modern treatment has been created, especially for stage 4 GBM, using the latest therapeutic techniques, including immunotherapy and virotherapy. Modern oncological medicine is producing extraordinary and progressive therapeutic methods. Oncological therapy includes individual analysis of the properties of a tumour and targeted therapy using small-molecule inhibitors. Individualised medicine covers the entire patient (tumour and host) in the context of immunotherapy. An example is individualised multimodal immunotherapy (IMI), which relies on individual immunological tumour-host interactions. In addition, IMI is based on the concept of oncolytic virus-induced immunogenic tumour cell death. SUMMARY In this review, we outline current knowledge of the various available treatment options used in the therapy of GBM including both traditional therapeutic strategy and modern therapies, such as tomotherapy, electro-hyperthermia, and oncolytic virotherapy, which are promising treatment strategies with the potential to improve prognosis in patients with GBM. KEY MESSAGES This newest therapy, immunotherapy combined with virotherapy (oncolytic viruses and cancer vaccines), is displaying encouraging signs for combating GBM. Additionally, the latest 3D imaging is compared to conventional two-dimensional imaging.
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Affiliation(s)
- Agata Czarnywojtek
- Chair and Department of Pharmacology, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, Poznan, Poland
- Department of Endocrinology, Metabolism and Internal Medicine, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, Poznan, Poland
| | - Magdalena Borowska
- Chair and Department of Pharmacology, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, Poznan, Poland
| | - Kamil Dyrka
- Department of Pediatric Endocrinology and Rheumatology, Institute of Pediatrics, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, Poznan, Poland
| | | | - Nadia Sawicka-Gutaj
- Department of Endocrinology, Metabolism and Internal Medicine, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, Poznan, Poland
| | - Jakub Moskal
- Department of Neurosurgery, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, Poznan, Poland
| | - Jeremi Kościński
- Department of Neurosurgery, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, Poznan, Poland
| | - Patryk Graczyk
- Chair and Department of Pharmacology, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, Poznan, Poland
| | - Tomasz Hałas
- Chair and Department of Pharmacology, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, Poznan, Poland
| | | | - Rafał Czepczyński
- Department of Endocrinology, Metabolism and Internal Medicine, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, Poznan, Poland
| | - Marek Ruchała
- Department of Endocrinology, Metabolism and Internal Medicine, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, Poznan, Poland
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15
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Srivastava R, Labani-Motlagh A, Chen A, Yang F, Ansari D, Patel S, Ji H, Trasti S, Dodda M, Patel Y, Zou H, Hu B, Yi G. Development of a human glioblastoma model using humanized DRAG mice for immunotherapy. BIORXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR BIOLOGY 2023:2023.02.15.528743. [PMID: 36824969 PMCID: PMC9948970 DOI: 10.1101/2023.02.15.528743] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/18/2023]
Abstract
Glioblastoma (GBM) is the most common and lethal primary brain tumor with high mortality rates and a short median survival rate of about 15 months despite intensive multimodal treatment of maximal surgical resection, radiotherapy, and chemotherapy. Although immunotherapies have been successful in the treatment of various cancers, disappointing results from clinical trials for GBM immunotherapy represent our incomplete understanding. The development of alternative humanized mouse models with fully functional human immune cells will potentially accelerate the progress of GBM immunotherapy. In this study, we developed a humanized DRAG (NOD.Rag1KO.IL2RγcKO) mouse model, in which the human hematopoietic stem cells (HSCs) were well-engrafted and subsequently differentiated into a full lineage of immune cells. Using this humanized DRAG mouse model, GBM patient-derived tumorsphere lines were successfully engrafted to form xenografted tumors, which can recapitulate the pathological features and the immune cell composition of human GBM. Importantly, the administration of anti-human PD-1 antibodies in these DRAG mice bearing a GBM patient-derived tumorsphere line resulted in decreasing the major tumor-infiltrating immunosuppressive cell populations, including CD4 + PD-1 + and CD8 + PD-1 + T cells, CD11b + CD14 + HLA-DR + macrophages, CD11b + CD14 + HLA-DR - CD15 - and CD11b + CD14 - CD15 + myeloid-derived suppressor cells, indicating the humanized DRAG mouse model as a useful model to test the efficacy of immune checkpoint inhibitors in GBM immunotherapy. Together, these results suggest that humanized DRAG mouse models are a reliable preclinical platform for brain cancer immunotherapy and beyond.
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16
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Khristov V, Lin A, Freedman Z, Staub J, Shenoy G, Mrowczynski O, Rizk E, Zacharia B, Connor J. Tumor-Derived Biomarkers in Liquid Biopsy of Glioblastoma. World Neurosurg 2023; 170:182-194. [PMID: 36347463 DOI: 10.1016/j.wneu.2022.11.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2022] [Revised: 11/01/2022] [Accepted: 11/02/2022] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
There is a pressing clinical need for minimally invasive liquid biopsies to supplement imaging in the treatment of glioblastoma. Diagnostic imaging is often difficult to interpret and the medical community is divided on distinguishing among complete response, partial response, stable disease, and progressive disease. A minimally invasive liquid biopsy would supplement imaging and clinical findings and has the capacity to be helpful in several ways: 1) diagnosis, 2) selection of patients for specific treatments, 3) tracking of treatment response, and 4) prognostic value. The liquid biome is the combination of biological fluids including blood, urine, and cerebrospinal fluid that contain small amounts of tumor cells, DNA/RNA coding material, peptides, and metabolites. Within the liquid biome, 2 broad categories of biomarkers can exist: tumor-derived, which can be directly traced to the tumor, and tumor-associated, which can be traced back to the response of the body to disease. Although tumor-associated biomarkers are promising liquid biopsy candidates, recent advances in biomarker enrichment and detection have allowed concentration on a new class of biomarker: tumor-derived biomarkers. This review focuses on making the distinction between the 2 biomarker categories and highlights promising new direction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vladimir Khristov
- Department of Neurosurgery, Penn State Hershey College of Medicne, Hershey, Pennsylvania, USA.
| | - Andrea Lin
- Department of Neurosurgery, Penn State Hershey College of Medicne, Hershey, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Zachary Freedman
- Department of Neurosurgery, Penn State Hershey College of Medicne, Hershey, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Jacob Staub
- Department of Neurosurgery, Penn State Hershey College of Medicne, Hershey, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Ganesh Shenoy
- Department of Neurosurgery, Penn State Hershey College of Medicne, Hershey, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Oliver Mrowczynski
- Department of Neurosurgery, Penn State Hershey College of Medicne, Hershey, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Elias Rizk
- Department of Neurosurgery, Penn State Hershey College of Medicne, Hershey, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Brad Zacharia
- Department of Neurosurgery, Penn State Hershey College of Medicne, Hershey, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - James Connor
- Department of Neurosurgery, Penn State Hershey College of Medicne, Hershey, Pennsylvania, USA
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17
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Qi D, Geng Y, Cardenas J, Gu J, Yi SS, Huang JH, Fonkem E, Wu E. Transcriptomic analyses of patient peripheral blood with hemoglobin depletion reveal glioblastoma biomarkers. NPJ Genom Med 2023; 8:2. [PMID: 36697401 PMCID: PMC9877004 DOI: 10.1038/s41525-022-00348-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/02/2022] [Accepted: 12/21/2022] [Indexed: 01/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Peripheral blood is gaining prominence as a noninvasive alternative to tissue biopsy to develop biomarkers for glioblastoma (GBM); however, widely utilized blood-based biomarkers in clinical settings have not yet been identified due to the lack of a robust detection approach. Here, we describe the application of globin reduction in RNA sequencing of whole blood (i.e., WBGR) and perform transcriptomic analysis to identify GBM-associated transcriptomic changes. By using WBGR, we improved the detection sensitivity of informatic reads and identified differential gene expression in GBM blood. By analyzing tumor tissues, we identified transcriptomic traits of GBM blood. Further functional enrichment analyses retained the most changed genes in GBM. Subsequent validation elicited a 10-gene panel covering mRNA, long noncoding RNA, and microRNA (i.e., GBM-Dx panel) that has translational potential to aid in the early detection or clinical management of GBM. Here, we report an integrated approach, WBGR, with comprehensive analytic capacity for blood-based marker identification.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dan Qi
- Department of Neurosurgery and Neuroscience Institute, Baylor Scott & White Health, Temple, TX, 76508, USA
| | - Yiqun Geng
- Department of Neurosurgery and Neuroscience Institute, Baylor Scott & White Health, Temple, TX, 76508, USA
- Laboratory of Molecular Pathology, Shantou University Medical College, 515041, Shantou, China
| | - Jacob Cardenas
- Baylor Scott & White Research Institute, Dallas, TX, 75204, USA
| | - Jinghua Gu
- Baylor Scott & White Research Institute, Dallas, TX, 75204, USA
| | - S Stephen Yi
- Institute for Cellular and Molecular Biology (ICMB), College of Natural Sciences, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX, 78712, USA
- Oden Institute for Computational Engineering and Sciences (ICES), The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX, 78712, USA
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Cockrell School of Engineering, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX, 78712, USA
- Department of Oncology, LIVESTRONG Cancer Institutes, Dell Medical School, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX, 78712, USA
| | - Jason H Huang
- Department of Neurosurgery and Neuroscience Institute, Baylor Scott & White Health, Temple, TX, 76508, USA.
- Texas A & M University School of Medicine, Temple, TX, 76508, USA.
| | - Ekokobe Fonkem
- Department of Neurosurgery and Neuroscience Institute, Baylor Scott & White Health, Temple, TX, 76508, USA.
- Texas A & M University School of Medicine, Temple, TX, 76508, USA.
| | - Erxi Wu
- Department of Neurosurgery and Neuroscience Institute, Baylor Scott & White Health, Temple, TX, 76508, USA.
- Department of Oncology, LIVESTRONG Cancer Institutes, Dell Medical School, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX, 78712, USA.
- Texas A & M University School of Medicine, Temple, TX, 76508, USA.
- Texas A & M University School of Pharmacy, College Station, TX, 77843, USA.
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18
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Sinha S, Ayushman M, Tong X, Yang F. Dynamically Crosslinked Poly(ethylene-glycol) Hydrogels Reveal a Critical Role of Viscoelasticity in Modulating Glioblastoma Fates and Drug Responses in 3D. Adv Healthc Mater 2023; 12:e2202147. [PMID: 36239185 PMCID: PMC9813196 DOI: 10.1002/adhm.202202147] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2022] [Revised: 09/28/2022] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
Abstract
Glioblastoma multiforme (GBM) is the most prevalent and aggressive brain tumor in adults. Hydrogels have been employed as 3D in vitro culture models to elucidate how matrix cues such as stiffness and degradation drive GBM progression and drug responses. Recently, viscoelasticity has been identified as an important niche cue in regulating stem cell differentiation and morphogenesis in 3D. Brain is a viscoelastic tissue, yet how viscoelasticity modulates GBM fate and drug response remains largely unknown. Using dynamic hydrazone crosslinking chemistry, a poly(ethylene-glycol)-based hydrogel system with brain-mimicking stiffness and tunable stress relaxation is reported to interrogate the role of viscoelasticity on GBM fates in 3D. The hydrogel design allows tuning stress relaxation without changing stiffness, biochemical ligand density, or diffusion. The results reveal that increasing stress relaxation promotes invasive GBM behavior, such as cell spreading, migration, and GBM stem-like cell marker expression. Furthermore, increasing stress relaxation enhances GBM proliferation and drug sensitivity. Stress-relaxation induced changes on GBM fates and drug response are found to be mediated through the cytoskeleton and transient receptor potential vanilloid-type 4. These results highlight the importance of incorporating viscoelasticity into 3D in vitro GBM models and provide novel insights into how viscoelasticity modulates GBM cell fates.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sauradeep Sinha
- Department of Bioengineering, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, 94305, USA
| | - Manish Ayushman
- Department of Bioengineering, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, 94305, USA
| | - Xinming Tong
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, 94305, USA
| | - Fan Yang
- Department of Bioengineering, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, 94305, USA
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, 94305, USA
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19
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Saha S, Sachdev M, Mitra SK. Recent advances in label-free optical, electrochemical, and electronic biosensors for glioma biomarkers. BIOMICROFLUIDICS 2023; 17:011502. [PMID: 36844882 PMCID: PMC9949901 DOI: 10.1063/5.0135525] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/20/2022] [Accepted: 02/06/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
Gliomas are the most commonly occurring primary brain tumor with poor prognosis and high mortality rate. Currently, the diagnostic and monitoring options for glioma mainly revolve around imaging techniques, which often provide limited information and require supervisory expertise. Liquid biopsy is a great alternative or complementary monitoring protocol that can be implemented along with other standard diagnosis protocols. However, standard detection schemes for sampling and monitoring biomarkers in different biological fluids lack the necessary sensitivity and ability for real-time analysis. Lately, biosensor-based diagnostic and monitoring technology has attracted significant attention due to several advantageous features, including high sensitivity and specificity, high-throughput analysis, minimally invasive, and multiplexing ability. In this review article, we have focused our attention on glioma and presented a literature survey summarizing the diagnostic, prognostic, and predictive biomarkers associated with glioma. Further, we discussed different biosensory approaches reported to date for the detection of specific glioma biomarkers. Current biosensors demonstrate high sensitivity and specificity, which can be used for point-of-care devices or liquid biopsies. However, for real clinical applications, these biosensors lack high-throughput and multiplexed analysis, which can be achieved via integration with microfluidic systems. We shared our perspective on the current state-of-the-art different biosensor-based diagnostic and monitoring technologies reported and the future research scopes. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first review focusing on biosensors for glioma detection, and it is anticipated that the review will offer a new pathway for the development of such biosensors and related diagnostic platforms.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Manoj Sachdev
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Waterloo, Waterloo, Ontario N2L 3G1, Canada
| | - Sushanta K. Mitra
- Micro and Nanoscale Transport Laboratory, Department of Mechanical and Mechatronics Engineering, Waterloo Institute for Nanotechnology, University of Waterloo, Waterloo, Ontario N2L 3G1, Canada
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20
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Jia H, Zhang H, Miao F, Lu D, Wang X, Gong L, Fan Y. CSF Biopsy in Glioma: A Brief Review. Methods Mol Biol 2023; 2695:121-126. [PMID: 37450115 DOI: 10.1007/978-1-0716-3346-5_8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/18/2023]
Abstract
Glioma is the most common intracranial malignant tumor. Over the past several years, liquid biopsy in diagnosis and treatment of solid tumors have made many progressions, but there is still a gap from a large clinical application of liquid biopsy in glioma due to many limitations. However, in recent years, researchers have made many explorations into liquid biopsy in glioma. In the future, the liquid biopsy of glioma, especially cerebrospinal fluid, will have a broad prospect. In this review, we will discuss the current research progressions of CSF biopsy in glioma in recent years.
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Affiliation(s)
- Heng Jia
- Department of Neurosurgery, Affiliated Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu, People's Republic of China
| | - Hui Zhang
- Department of Neurosurgery, Affiliated Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu, People's Republic of China
| | - Faan Miao
- Department of Neurosurgery, Affiliated Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu, People's Republic of China
| | - Dong Lu
- Department of Neurosurgery, Affiliated Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu, People's Republic of China
| | - Xingqi Wang
- Department of Neurosurgery, Affiliated Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu, People's Republic of China
| | - Liang Gong
- Department of Neurosurgery, Affiliated Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu, People's Republic of China
| | - Yuechao Fan
- Department of Neurosurgery, Affiliated Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu, People's Republic of China
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21
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Yadav N, Mishra K, B. C. AK, Singh D, Subberwal M. Clinical utility of serum glial fibrillary acidic protein in glial neoplasm. Surg Neurol Int 2022; 13:601. [PMID: 36761257 PMCID: PMC9899464 DOI: 10.25259/sni_889_2022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/24/2022] [Accepted: 12/16/2022] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP) is a member of the cytoskeletal protein family and is widely expressed in astroglial and neural stem cells, also in glial tumors such as astrocytoma and Glioblastoma (GBM). Increased GFAP expression and disruption of the blood-brain barrier are the characteristic features of GBM. Higher serum GFAP levels can help differentiate GBM from GBM mimics (such as primary central nervous system lymphoma, metastasis, or demyelinating lesions). Methods This prospective study was carried out in a tertiary care center in the department of neurosurgery on newly diagnosed glioma patients who underwent surgery from January 2018 to July 2019, excluded patients with history of the previous surgery for glioma, traumatic brain injury, and ischemic or hemorrhagic stroke. The blood sample was obtained at admission before undergoing invasive procedure. Pathological examination of the tumor biopsy sample was carried out using classical hematoxylin-eosin and immunohistochemical staining. All statistical analyses were performed using SPSS version 24.0. Results The mean preoperative tumor volume was 40 cm3 (range 17.19-65.57 cm3; standard deviation [SD] = 9.99 cm3) which showed 98.25% mean reduction in volume postsurgery (mean tumor volume = 0.7 cm3; SD = 0.19 cm3). Preoperative serum GFAP measurements show higher levels (spearman's rho coefficient = 0.610 with P = 0.000) with increasing grade of tumor. GFAP levels also demonstrated higher value with increasing preoperative tumor volume. Conclusion Increasing serum GFAP levels in the preoperative period correlate with higher tumor grade, especially grade III and grade IV tumors. The serum GFAP levels showed relation to tumor volume, both before and after surgery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nidhi Yadav
- Department of Neurosurgery, GB Pant Institute of Post Graduate Medical Education and Research, New Delhi, India
| | - Keshav Mishra
- Department of Neurosurgery, GB Pant Institute of Post Graduate Medical Education and Research, New Delhi, India
| | - Anil Kumar B. C.
- Department of Neurosurgery, GB Pant Institute of Post Graduate Medical Education and Research, New Delhi, India.,Corresponding author: Anil Kumar B. C., Department of Neurosurgery, GB Pant Institute of Post Graduate Medical Education and Research, New Delhi, India.
| | - Daljit Singh
- Department of Neurosurgery, GB Pant Institute of Post Graduate Medical Education and Research, New Delhi, India
| | - Manju Subberwal
- Department of Biochemistry, GB Pant Institute of Post Graduate Medical Education and Research, New Delhi, India
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22
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Rajabi A, Kayedi M, Rahimi S, Dashti F, Mirazimi SMA, Homayoonfal M, Mahdian SMA, Hamblin MR, Tamtaji OR, Afrasiabi A, Jafari A, Mirzaei H. Non-coding RNAs and glioma: Focus on cancer stem cells. Mol Ther Oncolytics 2022; 27:100-123. [PMID: 36321132 PMCID: PMC9593299 DOI: 10.1016/j.omto.2022.09.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Glioblastoma and gliomas can have a wide range of histopathologic subtypes. These heterogeneous histologic phenotypes originate from tumor cells with the distinct functions of tumorigenesis and self-renewal, called glioma stem cells (GSCs). GSCs are characterized based on multi-layered epigenetic mechanisms, which control the expression of many genes. This epigenetic regulatory mechanism is often based on functional non-coding RNAs (ncRNAs). ncRNAs have become increasingly important in the pathogenesis of human cancer and work as oncogenes or tumor suppressors to regulate carcinogenesis and progression. These RNAs by being involved in chromatin remodeling and modification, transcriptional regulation, and alternative splicing of pre-mRNA, as well as mRNA stability and protein translation, play a key role in tumor development and progression. Numerous studies have been performed to try to understand the dysregulation pattern of these ncRNAs in tumors and cancer stem cells (CSCs), which show robust differentiation and self-regeneration capacity. This review provides recent findings on the role of ncRNAs in glioma development and progression, particularly their effects on CSCs, thus accelerating the clinical implementation of ncRNAs as promising tumor biomarkers and therapeutic targets.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ali Rajabi
- School of Medicine, Kashan University of Medical Sciences, Kashan, Iran
- Student Research Committee, Kashan University of Medical Sciences, Kashan, Iran
| | - Mehrdad Kayedi
- Department of Radiology, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Shiva Rahimi
- School of Medicine,Fasa University of Medical Sciences, Fasa, Iran
| | - Fatemeh Dashti
- School of Medicine, Kashan University of Medical Sciences, Kashan, Iran
- Student Research Committee, Kashan University of Medical Sciences, Kashan, Iran
| | - Seyed Mohammad Ali Mirazimi
- School of Medicine, Kashan University of Medical Sciences, Kashan, Iran
- Student Research Committee, Kashan University of Medical Sciences, Kashan, Iran
| | - Mina Homayoonfal
- Research Center for Biochemistry and Nutrition in Metabolic Diseases, Institute for Basic Sciences, Kashan University of Medical Sciences, Kashan, Iran
| | - Seyed Mohammad Amin Mahdian
- Department of Pharmaceutical Nanotechnology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Michael R. Hamblin
- Laser Research Centre, Faculty of Health Science, University of Johannesburg, Doornfontein 2028, South Africa
| | - Omid Reza Tamtaji
- Electrophysiology Research Center, Neuroscience Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
- Department of Physiology, School of Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Ali Afrasiabi
- Department of Internal Medicine, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Ameneh Jafari
- Advanced Therapy Medicinal Product (ATMP) Department, Breast Cancer Research Center, Motamed Cancer Institute, ACECR, Tehran, Iran
- Proteomics Research Center, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Hamed Mirzaei
- Research Center for Biochemistry and Nutrition in Metabolic Diseases, Institute for Basic Sciences, Kashan University of Medical Sciences, Kashan, Iran
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23
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Hsia T, Yekula A, Batool SM, Rosenfeld YB, You DG, Weissleder R, Lee H, Carter BS, Balaj L. Glioblastoma-derived extracellular vesicle subpopulations following 5-aminolevulinic acid treatment bear diagnostic implications. J Extracell Vesicles 2022; 11:e12278. [PMID: 36404434 PMCID: PMC9676504 DOI: 10.1002/jev2.12278] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/25/2022] [Revised: 09/13/2022] [Accepted: 10/17/2022] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Liquid biopsy is a minimally invasive alternative to surgical biopsy, encompassing different analytes including extracellular vesicles (EVs), circulating tumour cells (CTCs), circulating tumour DNA (ctDNA), proteins, and metabolites. EVs are released by virtually all cells, but at a higher rate by faster cycling, malignant cells. They encapsulate cargo native to the originating cell and can thus provide a window into the tumour landscape. EVs are often analysed in bulk which hinders the analysis of rare, tumour-specific EV subpopulations from the large host EV background. Here, we fractionated EV subpopulations in vitro and in vivo and characterized their phenotype and generic cargo. We used 5-aminolevulinic acid (5-ALA) to induce release of endogenously fluorescent tumour-specific EVs (EVPpIX ). Analysis of five different subpopulations (EVPpIX , EVCD63 , EVCD9 , EVEGFR , EVCFDA ) from glioblastoma (GBM) cell lines revealed unique transcriptome profiles, with the EVPpIX transcriptome demonstrating closer alignment to tumorigenic processes over the other subpopulations. Similarly, isolation of tumour-specific EVs from GBM patient plasma showed enrichment in GBM-associated genes, when compared to bulk EVs from plasma. We propose that fractionation of EV populations facilitates detection and isolation of tumour-specific EVs for disease monitoring.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tiffaney Hsia
- Department of NeurosurgeryMassachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical SchoolBostonMassachusettsUSA
| | - Anudeep Yekula
- Department of NeurosurgeryMassachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical SchoolBostonMassachusettsUSA
| | - S. Maheen Batool
- Department of NeurosurgeryMassachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical SchoolBostonMassachusettsUSA
| | - Yulia B. Rosenfeld
- Department of NeurosurgeryMassachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical SchoolBostonMassachusettsUSA
| | - Dong Gil You
- Department of NeurosurgeryMassachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical SchoolBostonMassachusettsUSA
- Center for Systems BiologyMassachusetts General HospitalBostonMassachusettsUSA
| | - Ralph Weissleder
- Center for Systems BiologyMassachusetts General HospitalBostonMassachusettsUSA
- Department of RadiologyMassachusetts General HospitalBostonMassachusettsUSA
| | - Hakho Lee
- Center for Systems BiologyMassachusetts General HospitalBostonMassachusettsUSA
- Department of RadiologyMassachusetts General HospitalBostonMassachusettsUSA
| | - Bob S. Carter
- Department of NeurosurgeryMassachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical SchoolBostonMassachusettsUSA
| | - Leonora Balaj
- Department of NeurosurgeryMassachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical SchoolBostonMassachusettsUSA
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24
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Naryzhny S, Legina O. Zonulin — regulation of tight contacts in the brain and intestine — facts and hypotheses. BIOMEDITSINSKAYA KHIMIYA 2022; 68:309-320. [DOI: 10.18097/pbmc20226805309] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
In recent years, the interrelationship between the brain and the gut has become an area of high scientific interest. The intestine is responsible not only for digestion, as it contains millions of neurons, its own immune system, and affects the emotional and cognitive processes. The relationship between the gut and the brain suggests that the processes carried out by the gut microbiota play a significant role in the regulation of brain function, and vice versa. A special role here is played by intercellular tight junctions (TJ), where the zonulin protein holds an important place. Zonulin, an unprocessed precursor of mature haptoglobin, is the only physiological modulator of intercellular TJ that can reversibly regulate the permeability of the intestinal (IB) and blood-brain (BBB) barriers in the human body. BBB disruption and altered microbiota composition are associated with many diseases, including neurological disorders and neuroinflammation. That is, there is a gut-brain axis (GBA) — a communication system through which the brain modulates the functions of the gastrointestinal tract (GIT) and vice versa. GBA is based on neuronal, endocrine, and immunological mechanisms that are interconnected at the organismal, organ, cellular, and molecular levels.
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Affiliation(s)
- S.N. Naryzhny
- Institute of Biomedical Chemistry, Moscow, Russia; Petersburg Institute of Nuclear Physics B.P. Konstantinova National Research Center “Kurchatov Institute”, Gatchina, Russia
| | - O.K. Legina
- Petersburg Institute of Nuclear Physics B.P. Konstantinova National Research Center “Kurchatov Institute”, Gatchina, Russia
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25
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Zhou W, Lovasz D, Zizzo Z, He Q, Coughlan C, Kowalski RG, Kennedy PGE, Graner AN, Lillehei KO, Ormond DR, Youssef AS, Graner MW, Yu X. Phenotype and Neuronal Cytotoxic Function of Glioblastoma Extracellular Vesicles. Biomedicines 2022; 10:biomedicines10112718. [PMID: 36359238 PMCID: PMC9688005 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines10112718] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/06/2022] [Revised: 10/21/2022] [Accepted: 10/25/2022] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Glioblastoma (GBM) is the most aggressive and lethal form of brain tumor. Extracellular vesicles (EVs) released by tumor cells play a critical role in cellular communication in the tumor microenvironment promoting tumor progression and invasion. We hypothesized that GBM EVs possess unique characteristics which exert effects on endogenous CNS cells including neurons, producing dose-dependent neuronal cytotoxicity. We purified EVs from the plasma of 20 GBM patients, 20 meningioma patients, and 21 healthy controls, and characterized EV phenotypes by electron microscopy, nanoparticle tracking analysis, protein concentration, and proteomics. We evaluated GBM EV functions by determining their cytotoxicity in primary neurons and the neuroblastoma cell line SH-SY5Y. In addition, we determined levels of IgG antibodies in the plasma in GBM (n = 82), MMA (n = 83), and controls (non-tumor CNS disorders and healthy donors, n = 50) with capture ELISA. We discovered that GBM plasma EVs are smaller in size and had no relationship between size and concentration. Importantly, GBM EVs purified from both plasma and tumor cell lines produced IgG-mediated, complement-dependent apoptosis and necrosis in primary human neurons, mouse brain slices, and neuroblastoma cells. The unique phenotype of GBM EVs may contribute to its neuronal cytotoxicity, providing insight into its role in tumor pathogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenbo Zhou
- Department of Neurosurgery, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO 80045, USA; (W.Z.); (D.L.); (Z.Z.); (Q.H.); (R.G.K.); (A.N.G.); (K.O.L.); (D.R.O.); (A.S.Y.); (M.W.G.)
| | - Daniel Lovasz
- Department of Neurosurgery, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO 80045, USA; (W.Z.); (D.L.); (Z.Z.); (Q.H.); (R.G.K.); (A.N.G.); (K.O.L.); (D.R.O.); (A.S.Y.); (M.W.G.)
| | - Zoë Zizzo
- Department of Neurosurgery, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO 80045, USA; (W.Z.); (D.L.); (Z.Z.); (Q.H.); (R.G.K.); (A.N.G.); (K.O.L.); (D.R.O.); (A.S.Y.); (M.W.G.)
| | - Qianbin He
- Department of Neurosurgery, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO 80045, USA; (W.Z.); (D.L.); (Z.Z.); (Q.H.); (R.G.K.); (A.N.G.); (K.O.L.); (D.R.O.); (A.S.Y.); (M.W.G.)
| | - Christina Coughlan
- Department of Neurology, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO 80045, USA;
| | - Robert G. Kowalski
- Department of Neurosurgery, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO 80045, USA; (W.Z.); (D.L.); (Z.Z.); (Q.H.); (R.G.K.); (A.N.G.); (K.O.L.); (D.R.O.); (A.S.Y.); (M.W.G.)
| | - Peter G. E. Kennedy
- Institute of Infection, Immunity and Inflammation, University of Glasgow, Glasgow G12 8QQ, UK;
| | - Arin N. Graner
- Department of Neurosurgery, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO 80045, USA; (W.Z.); (D.L.); (Z.Z.); (Q.H.); (R.G.K.); (A.N.G.); (K.O.L.); (D.R.O.); (A.S.Y.); (M.W.G.)
| | - Kevin O. Lillehei
- Department of Neurosurgery, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO 80045, USA; (W.Z.); (D.L.); (Z.Z.); (Q.H.); (R.G.K.); (A.N.G.); (K.O.L.); (D.R.O.); (A.S.Y.); (M.W.G.)
| | - D. Ryan Ormond
- Department of Neurosurgery, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO 80045, USA; (W.Z.); (D.L.); (Z.Z.); (Q.H.); (R.G.K.); (A.N.G.); (K.O.L.); (D.R.O.); (A.S.Y.); (M.W.G.)
| | - A. Samy Youssef
- Department of Neurosurgery, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO 80045, USA; (W.Z.); (D.L.); (Z.Z.); (Q.H.); (R.G.K.); (A.N.G.); (K.O.L.); (D.R.O.); (A.S.Y.); (M.W.G.)
| | - Michael W. Graner
- Department of Neurosurgery, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO 80045, USA; (W.Z.); (D.L.); (Z.Z.); (Q.H.); (R.G.K.); (A.N.G.); (K.O.L.); (D.R.O.); (A.S.Y.); (M.W.G.)
| | - Xiaoli Yu
- Department of Neurosurgery, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO 80045, USA; (W.Z.); (D.L.); (Z.Z.); (Q.H.); (R.G.K.); (A.N.G.); (K.O.L.); (D.R.O.); (A.S.Y.); (M.W.G.)
- Correspondence:
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26
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Chronic allergic lung inflammation negatively influences neurobehavioral outcomes in mice. J Neuroinflammation 2022; 19:210. [PMID: 36045388 PMCID: PMC9429782 DOI: 10.1186/s12974-022-02575-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2022] [Accepted: 08/23/2022] [Indexed: 02/02/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Asthma is a major public health problem worldwide. Emerging data from epidemiological studies show that allergies and allergic diseases may be linked to anxiety, depression and cognitive decline. However, little is known about the effect of asthma, an allergic lung inflammation, on cognitive decline/behavioral changes. Therefore, we investigated the hypothesis that allergic lung inflammation causes inflammation in the brain and leads to neurobehavioral changes in mice. METHODS Wild-type C57BL/6J female mice were sensitized with nasal house dust mite (HDM) antigen or control PBS for 6 weeks to induce chronic allergic lung inflammation. A series of neurocognitive tests for anxiety and/or depression were performed before and after the intranasal HDM administration. After the behavior tests, tissues were harvested to measure inflammation in the lungs and the brains. RESULTS HDM-treated mice exhibited significantly increased immobility times during tail suspension tests and significantly decreased sucrose preference compared with PBS controls, suggesting a more depressed and anhedonia phenotype. Spatial memory impairment was also observed in HDM-treated mice when assessed by the Y-maze novel arm tests. Development of lung inflammation after 6 weeks of HDM administration was confirmed by histology, bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL) cell count and lung cytokine measurements. Serum pro-inflammatory cytokines and Th2-related cytokines levels were elevated in HDM-sensitized mice. In the brain, the chemokine fractalkine was increased in the HDM group. The c-Fos protein, a marker for neuronal activity, Glial Fibrillary Acidic Protein (GFAP) and chymase, a serine protease from mast cells, were increased in the brains from mice in HDM group. Chymase expression in the brain was negatively correlated with the results of sucrose preference rate in individual mice. CONCLUSIONS 6 weeks of intranasal HDM administration in mice to mimic the chronic status of lung inflammation in asthma, caused significant inflammatory histological changes in the lungs, and several behavioral changes consistent with depression and altered spatial memory. Chymase and c-Fos proteins were increased in the brain from HDM-treated mice, suggesting links between lung inflammation and brain mast cell activation, which could be responsible for depression-like behavior.
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27
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Ran Z, Yang J, Liu Y, Chen X, Ma Z, Wu S, Huang Y, Song Y, Gu Y, Zhao S, Fa M, Lu J, Chen Q, Cao Z, Li X, Sun S, Yang T. GlioMarker: An integrated database for knowledge exploration of diagnostic biomarkers in gliomas. Front Oncol 2022; 12:792055. [PMID: 36081550 PMCID: PMC9446481 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2022.792055] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/09/2021] [Accepted: 07/15/2022] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Gliomas are the most frequent malignant and aggressive tumors in the central nervous system. Early and effective diagnosis of glioma using diagnostic biomarkers can prolong patients' lives and aid in the development of new personalized treatments. Therefore, a thorough and comprehensive understanding of the diagnostic biomarkers in gliomas is of great significance. To this end, we developed the integrated and web-based database GlioMarker (http://gliomarker.prophetdb.org/), the first comprehensive database for knowledge exploration of glioma diagnostic biomarkers. In GlioMarker, accurate information on 406 glioma diagnostic biomarkers from 1559 publications was manually extracted, including biomarker descriptions, clinical information, associated literature, experimental records, associated diseases, statistical indicators, etc. Importantly, we integrated many external resources to provide clinicians and researchers with the capability to further explore knowledge on these diagnostic biomarkers based on three aspects. (1) Obtain more ontology annotations of the biomarker. (2) Identify the relationship between any two or more components of diseases, drugs, genes, and variants to explore the knowledge related to precision medicine. (3) Explore the clinical application value of a specific diagnostic biomarker through online analysis of genomic and expression data from glioma cohort studies. GlioMarker provides a powerful, practical, and user-friendly web-based tool that may serve as a specialized platform for clinicians and researchers by providing rapid and comprehensive knowledge of glioma diagnostic biomarkers to subsequently facilitates high-quality research and applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zihan Ran
- Department of Research, Shanghai University of Medicine & Health Sciences Affiliated Zhoupu Hospital, Shanghai, China
- Inspection and Quarantine Department, The College of Medical Technology, Shanghai University of Medicine & Health Sciences, Shanghai, China
- The Genius Medicine Consortium (TGMC), Shanghai, China
| | - Jingcheng Yang
- The Genius Medicine Consortium (TGMC), Shanghai, China
- State Key Laboratory of Genetic Engineering, Human Phenome Institute, School of Life Sciences and Shanghai Cancer Center, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
- Center for Intelligent Medicine Research, Greater Bay Area Institute of Precision Medicine, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yaqing Liu
- The Genius Medicine Consortium (TGMC), Shanghai, China
- State Key Laboratory of Genetic Engineering, Human Phenome Institute, School of Life Sciences and Shanghai Cancer Center, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - XiuWen Chen
- Inspection and Quarantine Department, The College of Medical Technology, Shanghai University of Medicine & Health Sciences, Shanghai, China
| | - Zijing Ma
- Inspection and Quarantine Department, The College of Medical Technology, Shanghai University of Medicine & Health Sciences, Shanghai, China
| | - Shaobo Wu
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Tinglin Hospital of Jinshan District, Shanghai, China
| | - Yechao Huang
- The Genius Medicine Consortium (TGMC), Shanghai, China
- State Key Laboratory of Genetic Engineering, Human Phenome Institute, School of Life Sciences and Shanghai Cancer Center, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Yueqiang Song
- The Genius Medicine Consortium (TGMC), Shanghai, China
- State Key Laboratory of Genetic Engineering, Human Phenome Institute, School of Life Sciences and Shanghai Cancer Center, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Yu Gu
- Inspection and Quarantine Department, The College of Medical Technology, Shanghai University of Medicine & Health Sciences, Shanghai, China
| | - Shuo Zhao
- Inspection and Quarantine Department, The College of Medical Technology, Shanghai University of Medicine & Health Sciences, Shanghai, China
| | - Mengqi Fa
- Inspection and Quarantine Department, The College of Medical Technology, Shanghai University of Medicine & Health Sciences, Shanghai, China
| | - Jiangjie Lu
- Inspection and Quarantine Department, The College of Medical Technology, Shanghai University of Medicine & Health Sciences, Shanghai, China
| | - Qingwang Chen
- The Genius Medicine Consortium (TGMC), Shanghai, China
- State Key Laboratory of Genetic Engineering, Human Phenome Institute, School of Life Sciences and Shanghai Cancer Center, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Zehui Cao
- The Genius Medicine Consortium (TGMC), Shanghai, China
- State Key Laboratory of Genetic Engineering, Human Phenome Institute, School of Life Sciences and Shanghai Cancer Center, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Xiaofei Li
- The Genius Medicine Consortium (TGMC), Shanghai, China
- Department of Toxicology, School of Public Health, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, China
| | - Shanyue Sun
- The Genius Medicine Consortium (TGMC), Shanghai, China
- State Key Laboratory of Genetic Engineering, Human Phenome Institute, School of Life Sciences and Shanghai Cancer Center, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Tao Yang
- Department of Radiology, Shanghai University of Medicine & Health Sciences Affiliated Zhoupu Hospital, Shanghai, China
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28
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Blee JA, Liu X, Harland AJ, Fatania K, Currie S, Kurian KM, Hauert S. Liquid biopsies for early diagnosis of brain tumours: in silico mathematical biomarker modelling. J R Soc Interface 2022; 19:20220180. [PMID: 35919979 PMCID: PMC9346349 DOI: 10.1098/rsif.2022.0180] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2022] [Accepted: 07/07/2022] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Brain tumours are the biggest cancer killer in those under 40 and reduce life expectancy more than any other cancer. Blood-based liquid biopsies may aid early diagnosis, prediction and prognosis for brain tumours. It remains unclear whether known blood-based biomarkers, such as glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP), have the required sensitivity and selectivity. We have developed a novel in silico model which can be used to assess and compare blood-based liquid biopsies. We focused on GFAP, a putative biomarker for astrocytic tumours and glioblastoma multi-formes (GBMs). In silico modelling was paired with experimental measurement of cell GFAP concentrations and used to predict the tumour volumes and identify key parameters which limit detection. The average GBM volumes of 449 patients at Leeds Teaching Hospitals NHS Trust were also measured and used as a benchmark. Our model predicts that the currently proposed GFAP threshold of 0.12 ng ml-1 may not be suitable for early detection of GBMs, but that lower thresholds may be used. We found that the levels of GFAP in the blood are related to tumour characteristics, such as vasculature damage and rate of necrosis, which are biological markers of tumour aggressiveness. We also demonstrate how these models could be used to provide clinical insight.
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Affiliation(s)
- Johanna A. Blee
- Department of Engineering Mathematics, University of Bristol, Ada Lovelace Building, Bristol BS8 1TW, UK
| | - Xia Liu
- Brain Tumour Research Centre, Bristol Medical School, Bristol BS2 8DZ, UK
| | - Abigail J. Harland
- Brain Tumour Research Centre, Bristol Medical School, Bristol BS2 8DZ, UK
| | - Kavi Fatania
- Department of Radiology, Leeds General Infirmary, Great George Street, Leeds LS1 3EX, UK
| | - Stuart Currie
- Department of Radiology, Leeds General Infirmary, Great George Street, Leeds LS1 3EX, UK
| | | | - Sabine Hauert
- Department of Engineering Mathematics, University of Bristol, Ada Lovelace Building, Bristol BS8 1TW, UK
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29
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Dias A, Silva L, Moura J, Gabriel D, Maia LF. Fluid biomarkers in stroke: From animal models to clinical care. Acta Neurol Scand 2022; 146:332-347. [PMID: 35838031 DOI: 10.1111/ane.13668] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2022] [Revised: 06/17/2022] [Accepted: 06/24/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Stroke is a leading cause of death and disability worldwide. Stroke prevention, early diagnosis, and efficient acute treatment are priorities to successfully impact stroke death and disability. Fluid biomarkers may improve stroke differential diagnostic, patient stratification for acute treatment, and post-stroke individualized rehabilitation. In the present work, we characterized the use of stroke animal models in fluid biomarker research through a systematic review of PubMed and Scopus databases, followed by a literature review on the translation to the human stroke care setting and future perspectives in the field. We found increasing numbers of publications but with limited translation to the clinic. Animal studies are very heterogeneous, do not account for several human features present in stroke, and, importantly, only a minority of such studies used human cohorts to validate biomarker findings. Clinical studies have found appealing candidates, both protein and circulating nucleic acids, to contribute to a more personalized stroke care pathway. Still, brain tissue complexity and the fact that different brain pathologies share lesion biomarkers make this task challenging due to biomarker low specificity. Moreover, the study design and lack of validation cohorts may have precluded a formal integration of biomarkers in different steps of stroke diagnosis and treatment. To overcome such issues, recent pivotal studies on biomarker dynamics in individual patients are providing added value to diagnosis and anticipating patients' early prognosis. Presently, the most consistent protein biomarkers for stroke diagnosis and short- and long-term prognosis are associated with tissue damage at neuronal (TAU), axonal (NFL), or astroglial (GFAP and S100β) levels. Most promising nucleic acids are microRNAs (miR), due to their stability in plasma and ease of access. Still, clinical validation and standardized quantitation place them a step behind compared protein as stroke biomarkers. Ultimately, the definition of clinically relevant biomarker panels and optimization of fast and sensitive biomarker measurements in the blood, together with their combination with clinical and neuroimaging data, will pave the way toward personalized stroke care.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexandre Dias
- Department of Neurology, Centro Hospitalar Universitário do Porto, Porto, Portugal.,i3S - Instituto de Investigação e Inovação em Saúde, University of Porto, Porto, Portugal.,IPATIMUP - Institute of Molecular Pathology and Immunology, University of Porto, Portugal
| | - Lénia Silva
- Department of Neurology, Centro Hospitalar Universitário do Porto, Porto, Portugal
| | - João Moura
- Department of Neurology, Centro Hospitalar Universitário do Porto, Porto, Portugal
| | - Denis Gabriel
- Department of Neurology, Centro Hospitalar Universitário do Porto, Porto, Portugal
| | - Luis F Maia
- Department of Neurology, Centro Hospitalar Universitário do Porto, Porto, Portugal.,i3S - Instituto de Investigação e Inovação em Saúde, University of Porto, Porto, Portugal.,Instituto de Ciências Biomédicas Abel Salazar, University of Porto, Porto, Portugal.,IBMC - Instituto de Biologia Molecular e Celular, University of Porto, Porto, Portugal
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Balana C, Castañer S, Carrato C, Moran T, Lopez-Paradís A, Domenech M, Hernandez A, Puig J. Preoperative Diagnosis and Molecular Characterization of Gliomas With Liquid Biopsy and Radiogenomics. Front Neurol 2022; 13:865171. [PMID: 35693015 PMCID: PMC9177999 DOI: 10.3389/fneur.2022.865171] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2022] [Accepted: 05/05/2022] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Gliomas are a heterogenous group of central nervous system tumors with different outcomes and different therapeutic needs. Glioblastoma, the most common subtype in adults, has a very poor prognosis and disabling consequences. The World Health Organization (WHO) classification specifies that the typing and grading of gliomas should include molecular markers. The molecular characterization of gliomas has implications for prognosis, treatment planning, and prediction of treatment response. At present, gliomas are diagnosed via tumor resection or biopsy, which are always invasive and frequently risky methods. In recent years, however, substantial advances have been made in developing different methods for the molecular characterization of tumors through the analysis of products shed in body fluids. Known as liquid biopsies, these analyses can potentially provide diagnostic and prognostic information, guidance on choice of treatment, and real-time information on tumor status. In addition, magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) is another good source of tumor data; radiomics and radiogenomics can link the imaging phenotypes to gene expression patterns and provide insights to tumor biology and underlying molecular signatures. Machine and deep learning and computational techniques can also use quantitative imaging features to non-invasively detect genetic mutations. The key molecular information obtained with liquid biopsies and radiogenomics can be useful not only in the diagnosis of gliomas but can also help predict response to specific treatments and provide guidelines for personalized medicine. In this article, we review the available data on the molecular characterization of gliomas using the non-invasive methods of liquid biopsy and MRI and suggest that these tools could be used in the future for the preoperative diagnosis of gliomas.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carmen Balana
- Medical Oncology Service, Institut Català d'Oncologia Badalona (ICO), Badalona Applied Research Group in Oncology (B-ARGO Group), Institut Investigació Germans Trias i Pujol (IGTP), Barcelona, Spain
- *Correspondence: Carmen Balana
| | - Sara Castañer
- Diagnostic Imaging Institute (IDI), Hospital Universitari Germans Trias I Pujol, Institut Investigació Germans Trias i Pujol (IGTP), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Cristina Carrato
- Department of Pathology, Hospital Universitari Germans Trias I Pujol, Institut Investigació Germans Trias i Pujol (IGTP), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Teresa Moran
- Medical Oncology Service, Institut Català d'Oncologia Badalona (ICO), Badalona Applied Research Group in Oncology (B-ARGO Group), Institut Investigació Germans Trias i Pujol (IGTP), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Assumpció Lopez-Paradís
- Medical Oncology Service, Institut Català d'Oncologia Badalona (ICO), Badalona Applied Research Group in Oncology (B-ARGO Group), Institut Investigació Germans Trias i Pujol (IGTP), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Marta Domenech
- Medical Oncology Service, Institut Català d'Oncologia Badalona (ICO), Badalona Applied Research Group in Oncology (B-ARGO Group), Institut Investigació Germans Trias i Pujol (IGTP), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Ainhoa Hernandez
- Medical Oncology Service, Institut Català d'Oncologia Badalona (ICO), Badalona Applied Research Group in Oncology (B-ARGO Group), Institut Investigació Germans Trias i Pujol (IGTP), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Josep Puig
- Department of Radiology IDI [Girona Biomedical Research Institute] IDIBGI, Hospital Universitari Dr Josep Trueta, Girona, Spain
- Department of Medical Sciences, School of Medicine, University of Girona, Girona, Spain
- Comparative Medicine and Bioimage of Catalonia, Institut Investigació Germans Trias i Pujol (IGTP), Barcelona, Spain
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31
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Priambada D, Arifin MT, Briliantika SP, Widyaningrum D, Saputro A, El Muzakka AT, Bakhtiar Y, Prihastomo KT, Muttaqin Z. Serum GFAP and EGFR as Supportive Diagnostic Biomarker of Glioma Patients: A Single-Center Study. Open Access Maced J Med Sci 2022. [DOI: 10.3889/oamjms.2022.9021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022] Open
Abstract
Background : High grade Gliomas (HGGs) (World Health Organization grade III and IV) are aggressive brain tumors with a poor prognosis. Serum concentrations of GFAP and EGFR are theoretically raised in glioma patients, especially primary HGGs
Aim : To look at serum levels of GFAP and EGFR in patients with Gliomas (Low Grade and High-Grade Glioma) and see if they were related to clinical outcome, MRI parameter and pathological features.
Method : Between 2020-2021, pre-operative blood samples were taken from 39 patients with radiologically diagnosed glioma who were performed for tumour excision. The time between blood collection and surgical resection was an average of 10 days. GFAP and EGFR serum were compared in glioma and non-glioma patients.
Result : Glioma patients had average of serum GFAP 747.93 + 1349.49 pg/ml and average of Serum EGFR 9.25 + 3.17 ng/ml. Non glioma average of GFAP and EGFR respectively were 292.91 + 369.30 pg/ml and 7.81 + 3.38 ng/ml.From all variable, we performed normality test using the Saphiro-wilk normality test and all variable were no normally distribution with p<0.05
Conclusion : Circulating GFAP and EGFR are promising method for “supportive” methods for differentiate between glioma and non-glioma patients, especially high grade glioma
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Geng T, Heyward CA, Chen X, Zheng M, Yang Y, Reseland JE. Comprehensive Analysis Identifies Ameloblastin-Related Competitive Endogenous RNA as a Prognostic Biomarker for Testicular Germ Cell Tumour. Cancers (Basel) 2022; 14:1870. [PMID: 35454778 PMCID: PMC9030878 DOI: 10.3390/cancers14081870] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2022] [Revised: 04/03/2022] [Accepted: 04/06/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Testicular Germ Cell Tumour (TGCT) is one of the most common tumours in young men. Increasing evidence shows that the extracellular matrix has a key role in the prognosis and metastasis of various human cancers. This study analysed the relationship between the matrix protein ameloblastin (AMBN) and potential biological markers associated with TGCT diagnosis and prognosis. The relationship between AMBN and TGCT prognosis was determined by bioinformatic analysis using the expression profiles of three RNAs (long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs), microRNAs (miRNAs) and mRNAs) from The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) database, and available clinical information of the corresponding patients. Prediction and validation of competitive endogenous RNA (ceRNA) regulatory networks related to AMBN was performed. AMBN and its associated ceRNA regulatory network were found to be related to the recurrence of TGCT, and LINC02701 may be used as a diagnostic factor in TGCT. Furthermore, we identified PELATON (Plaque Enriched LncRNA In Atherosclerotic And Inflammatory Bowel Macrophage Regulation) as an independent prognostic factor for TGCT progression-free interval.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tianxiang Geng
- Department of Biomaterials, Faculty of Dentistry, University of Oslo, 0455 Oslo, Norway; (T.G.); (Y.Y.)
| | | | - Xi Chen
- Department of Medicine 3, Uni-Klinikum Erlangen, Ulmenweg 18, 91054 Erlangen, Bavaria, Germany;
| | - Mengxue Zheng
- Laboratory of Reproductive Biology, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, 2100 Copenhagen, Denmark;
| | - Yang Yang
- Department of Biomaterials, Faculty of Dentistry, University of Oslo, 0455 Oslo, Norway; (T.G.); (Y.Y.)
| | - Janne Elin Reseland
- Department of Biomaterials, Faculty of Dentistry, University of Oslo, 0455 Oslo, Norway; (T.G.); (Y.Y.)
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Tsai YT, Lo WL, Chen PY, Ko CY, Chuang JY, Kao TJ, Yang WB, Chang KY, Hung CY, Kikkawa U, Chang WC, Hsu TI. Reprogramming of arachidonate metabolism confers temozolomide resistance to glioblastoma through enhancing mitochondrial activity in fatty acid oxidation. J Biomed Sci 2022; 29:21. [PMID: 35337344 PMCID: PMC8952270 DOI: 10.1186/s12929-022-00804-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2022] [Accepted: 03/21/2022] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Sp1 is involved in the recurrence of glioblastoma (GBM) due to the acquirement of resistance to temozolomide (TMZ). Particularly, the role of Sp1 in metabolic reprogramming for drug resistance remains unknown. Methods RNA-Seq and mass spectrometry were used to analyze gene expression and metabolites amounts in paired GBM specimens (primary vs. recurrent) and in paired GBM cells (sensitive vs. resistant). ω-3/6 fatty acid and arachidonic acid (AA) metabolism in GBM patients were analyzed by targeted metabolome. Mitochondrial functions were determined by Seahorse XF Mito Stress Test, RNA-Seq, metabolome and substrate utilization for producing ATP. Therapeutic options targeting prostaglandin (PG) E2 in TMZ-resistant GBM were validated in vitro and in vivo. Results Among the metabolic pathways, Sp1 increased the prostaglandin-endoperoxide synthase 2 expression and PGE2 production in TMZ-resistant GBM. Mitochondrial genes and metabolites were obviously increased by PGE2, and these characteristics were required for developing resistance in GBM cells. For inducing TMZ resistance, PGE2 activated mitochondrial functions, including fatty acid β-oxidation (FAO) and tricarboxylic acid (TCA) cycle progression, through PGE2 receptors, E-type prostanoid (EP)1 and EP3. Additionally, EP1 antagonist ONO-8713 inhibited the survival of TMZ-resistant GBM synergistically with TMZ. Conclusion Sp1-regulated PGE2 production activates FAO and TCA cycle in mitochondria, through EP1 and EP3 receptors, resulting in TMZ resistance in GBM. These results will provide us a new strategy to attenuate drug resistance or to re-sensitize recurred GBM. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s12929-022-00804-3.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu-Ting Tsai
- Graduate Institute of Medical Sciences, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, 250 Wu-Hsing Street, Taipei, Taiwan, 110
| | - Wei-Lun Lo
- Department of Surgery, School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, 110, Taiwan.,Department of Neurosurgery, Shuang Ho Hospital, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, 110, Taiwan.,TMU Research Center of Neuroscience, Taipei Medical University, 250 Wu-Hsing Street, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Pin-Yuan Chen
- School of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan City, 33302, Taiwan.,Department of Neurosurgery, Keelung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Keelung, 204, Taiwan.,Department of Neurosurgery, Linkou Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Taoyuan, 333, Taiwan
| | - Chiung-Yuan Ko
- TMU Research Center of Neuroscience, Taipei Medical University, 250 Wu-Hsing Street, Taipei, Taiwan.,Graduate Institute of Neural Regenerative Medicine, College of Medical Science and Technology, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, 110, Taiwan.,Ph.D. Program for Neural Regenerative Medicine, College of Medical Science and Technology, Taipei Medical University and National Health Research Institutes, Taipei, 110, Taiwan.,Ph.D. Program in Medical Neuroscience, College of Medical Science and Technology, Taipei Medical University and National Health Research Institutes, Taipei, 110, Taiwan.,TMU Research Center of Cancer Translational Medicine, Taipei, 110, Taiwan
| | - Jian-Ying Chuang
- TMU Research Center of Neuroscience, Taipei Medical University, 250 Wu-Hsing Street, Taipei, Taiwan.,Graduate Institute of Neural Regenerative Medicine, College of Medical Science and Technology, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, 110, Taiwan.,Ph.D. Program for Neural Regenerative Medicine, College of Medical Science and Technology, Taipei Medical University and National Health Research Institutes, Taipei, 110, Taiwan.,Ph.D. Program in Medical Neuroscience, College of Medical Science and Technology, Taipei Medical University and National Health Research Institutes, Taipei, 110, Taiwan.,TMU Research Center of Cancer Translational Medicine, Taipei, 110, Taiwan
| | - Tzu-Jen Kao
- TMU Research Center of Neuroscience, Taipei Medical University, 250 Wu-Hsing Street, Taipei, Taiwan.,Graduate Institute of Neural Regenerative Medicine, College of Medical Science and Technology, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, 110, Taiwan.,Ph.D. Program for Neural Regenerative Medicine, College of Medical Science and Technology, Taipei Medical University and National Health Research Institutes, Taipei, 110, Taiwan.,Ph.D. Program in Medical Neuroscience, College of Medical Science and Technology, Taipei Medical University and National Health Research Institutes, Taipei, 110, Taiwan.,TMU Research Center of Cancer Translational Medicine, Taipei, 110, Taiwan
| | - Wen-Bing Yang
- Graduate Institute of Medical Sciences, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, 250 Wu-Hsing Street, Taipei, Taiwan, 110.,TMU Research Center of Neuroscience, Taipei Medical University, 250 Wu-Hsing Street, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Kwang-Yu Chang
- National Institute of Cancer Research, National Health Research Institutes, Tainan, 704, Taiwan
| | - Chia-Yang Hung
- Department of Immuno-Oncology, Beckman Research Institute, City of Hope, Duarte, CA, 91010, USA
| | - Ushio Kikkawa
- Graduate Institute of Medical Sciences, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, 250 Wu-Hsing Street, Taipei, Taiwan, 110
| | - Wen-Chang Chang
- Graduate Institute of Medical Sciences, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, 250 Wu-Hsing Street, Taipei, Taiwan, 110. .,TMU Research Center of Neuroscience, Taipei Medical University, 250 Wu-Hsing Street, Taipei, Taiwan.
| | - Tsung-I Hsu
- TMU Research Center of Neuroscience, Taipei Medical University, 250 Wu-Hsing Street, Taipei, Taiwan. .,Graduate Institute of Neural Regenerative Medicine, College of Medical Science and Technology, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, 110, Taiwan. .,Ph.D. Program for Neural Regenerative Medicine, College of Medical Science and Technology, Taipei Medical University and National Health Research Institutes, Taipei, 110, Taiwan. .,Ph.D. Program in Medical Neuroscience, College of Medical Science and Technology, Taipei Medical University and National Health Research Institutes, Taipei, 110, Taiwan. .,TMU Research Center of Cancer Translational Medicine, Taipei, 110, Taiwan. .,National Institute of Cancer Research, National Health Research Institutes, Tainan, 704, Taiwan.
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Kim H, Lee EJ, Lim YM, Kim KK. Glial Fibrillary Acidic Protein in Blood as a Disease Biomarker of Neuromyelitis Optica Spectrum Disorders. Front Neurol 2022; 13:865730. [PMID: 35370870 PMCID: PMC8968934 DOI: 10.3389/fneur.2022.865730] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2022] [Accepted: 02/21/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP) is a type III intermediate filament protein found in astrocytes in the brain. Damaged astrocytes release GFAP into cerebrospinal fluid and blood. Thus, GFAP levels in these body fluids may reflect the disease state of neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorder (NMOSD), which includes astrocytopathy, characterized by pathogenic antibodies against aquaporin 4 located on astrocytes. Recently, single-molecule array technology that can detect these synaptic proteins in blood, even in the subfemtomolar range, has been developed. Emerging evidence suggests that GFAP protein is a strong biomarker candidate for NMOSD. This mini-review provides basic information about GFAP protein and innovative clinical data that show the potential clinical value of blood GFAP levels as a biomarker for NMOSD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hyunjin Kim
- Department of Neurology, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Eun-Jae Lee
- Department of Neurology, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
- Department of Medicine, Asan Medical Institute of Convergence Science and Technology, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Young-Min Lim
- Department of Neurology, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Kwang-Kuk Kim
- Department of Neurology, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
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35
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Blood GFAP as an emerging biomarker in brain and spinal cord disorders. Nat Rev Neurol 2022; 18:158-172. [PMID: 35115728 DOI: 10.1038/s41582-021-00616-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 238] [Impact Index Per Article: 119.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 12/21/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Blood-derived biomarkers for brain and spinal cord diseases are urgently needed. The introduction of highly sensitive immunoassays led to a rapid increase in the number of potential blood-derived biomarkers for diagnosis and monitoring of neurological disorders. In 2018, the FDA authorized a blood test for clinical use in the evaluation of mild traumatic brain injury (TBI). The test measures levels of the astrocytic intermediate filament glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP) and neuroaxonal marker ubiquitin carboxy-terminal hydrolase L1. In TBI, blood GFAP levels are correlated with clinical severity and extent of intracranial pathology. Evidence also indicates that blood GFAP levels hold the potential to reflect, and might enable prediction of, worsening of disability in individuals with progressive multiple sclerosis. A growing body of evidence suggests that blood GFAP levels can be used to detect even subtle injury to the CNS. Most importantly, the successful completion of the ongoing validation of point-of-care platforms for blood GFAP might ameliorate the decision algorithms for acute neurological diseases, such as TBI and stroke, with important economic implications. In this Review, we provide a systematic overview of the evidence regarding the utility of blood GFAP as a biomarker in neurological diseases. We propose a model for GFAP concentration dynamics in different conditions and discuss the limitations that hamper the widespread use of GFAP in the clinical setting. In our opinion, the clinical use of blood GFAP measurements has the potential to contribute to accelerated diagnosis and improved prognostication, and represents an important step forward in the era of precision medicine.
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Xu L, Ramadan S, Akingbade OE, Zhang Y, Alodan S, Graham N, Zimmerman KA, Torres E, Heslegrave A, Petrov PK, Zetterberg H, Sharp DJ, Klein N, Li B. Detection of Glial Fibrillary Acidic Protein in Patient Plasma Using On-Chip Graphene Field-Effect Biosensors, in Comparison with ELISA and Single-Molecule Array. ACS Sens 2022; 7:253-262. [PMID: 34908400 PMCID: PMC8805154 DOI: 10.1021/acssensors.1c02232] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
![]()
Glial
fibrillary
acidic protein (GFAP) is a discriminative blood
biomarker for many neurological diseases, such as traumatic brain
injury. Detection of GFAP in buffer solutions using biosensors has
been demonstrated, but accurate quantification of GFAP in patient
samples has not been reported, yet in urgent need. Herein, we demonstrate
a robust on-chip graphene field-effect transistor (GFET) biosensing
method for sensitive and ultrafast detection of GFAP in patient plasma.
Patients with moderate–severe traumatic brain injuries, defined
by the Mayo classification, are recruited to provide plasma samples.
The binding of target GFAP with the specific antibodies that are conjugated
on a monolayer GFET device triggers the shift of its Dirac point,
and this signal change is correlated with the GFAP concentration in
the patient plasma. The limit of detection (LOD) values of 20 fg/mL
(400 aM) in buffer solution and 231 fg/mL (4 fM) in patient plasma
have been achieved using this approach. In parallel, for the first
time, we compare our results to the state-of-the-art single-molecule
array (Simoa) technology and the classic enzyme-linked immunosorbent
assay (ELISA) for reference. The GFET biosensor shows competitive
LOD to Simoa (1.18 pg/mL) and faster sample-to-result time (<15
min), and also it is cheaper and more user-friendly. In comparison
to ELISA, GFET offers advantages of total detection time, detection
sensitivity, and simplicity. This GFET biosensing platform holds high
promise for the point-of-care diagnosis and monitoring of traumatic
brain injury in GP surgeries and patient homes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lizhou Xu
- Department of Materials, Imperial College London, London SW7 2AZ, U.K
| | - Sami Ramadan
- Department of Materials, Imperial College London, London SW7 2AZ, U.K
| | - Oluwatomi E. Akingbade
- Department of Brain Sciences, Imperial College London, London W12 0BZ, U.K
- Care Research & Technology Centre, UK Dementia Research Institute, London W12 0BZ, U.K
| | - Yuanzhou Zhang
- Department of Materials, Imperial College London, London SW7 2AZ, U.K
| | - Sarah Alodan
- Department of Materials, Imperial College London, London SW7 2AZ, U.K
| | - Neil Graham
- Department of Brain Sciences, Imperial College London, London W12 0BZ, U.K
- Care Research & Technology Centre, UK Dementia Research Institute, London W12 0BZ, U.K
| | - Karl A. Zimmerman
- Department of Brain Sciences, Imperial College London, London W12 0BZ, U.K
- Care Research & Technology Centre, UK Dementia Research Institute, London W12 0BZ, U.K
| | - Elias Torres
- Graphenea Semiconductor, Paseo Mikeletegi 83, San Sebastián 20009, Spain
| | - Amanda Heslegrave
- UK Dementia Research Institute at UCL, University College London, London WC1E 6BT, U.K
- Department of Neurodegenerative Disease, UCL Institute of Neurology, London WC1E 6BT, U.K
| | - Peter K. Petrov
- Department of Materials, Imperial College London, London SW7 2AZ, U.K
| | - Henrik Zetterberg
- UK Dementia Research Institute at UCL, University College London, London WC1E 6BT, U.K
- Department of Neurodegenerative Disease, UCL Institute of Neurology, London WC1E 6BT, U.K
- Department of Psychiatry and Neurochemistry, Institute of Neuroscience and Physiology, the Sahlgrenska Academy at the University of Gothenburg, Mölndal 43141, Sweden
- Clinical Neurochemistry Laboratory, Sahlgrenska University Hospital, Mölndal 43141, Sweden
- Hong Kong Centre for Neurodegenerative Diseases, Hong Kong 999077, China
| | - David J. Sharp
- Department of Brain Sciences, Imperial College London, London W12 0BZ, U.K
- Care Research & Technology Centre, UK Dementia Research Institute, London W12 0BZ, U.K
| | - Norbert Klein
- Department of Materials, Imperial College London, London SW7 2AZ, U.K
| | - Bing Li
- Department of Brain Sciences, Imperial College London, London W12 0BZ, U.K
- Care Research & Technology Centre, UK Dementia Research Institute, London W12 0BZ, U.K
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Sommerlath VN, Buergy D, Etminan N, Brehmer S, Reuss D, Sarria GR, Guiot MC, Hänggi D, Wenz F, Petrecca K, Giordano FA. Molecular features of glioblastomas in long-term survivors compared to short-term survivors—a matched-pair analysis. Radiat Oncol 2022; 17:15. [PMID: 35073955 PMCID: PMC8785532 DOI: 10.1186/s13014-022-01984-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2021] [Accepted: 01/09/2022] [Indexed: 01/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Although glioblastoma (GB) is associated with a devastating prognosis, a small proportion of patients achieve long-term survival rates. We herein present a matched-pair analysis of molecular factors found in long- and short-term survivors (LTS, STS).
Methods We performed a cross-institutional analysis of 262 patient records and matched a group of 91 LTS (≥ 3 years) with two groups of STS (STS-1, n = 91; STS-2, n = 80). Matching was performed according to age, Karnofsky Performance Status, initial therapy and adjuvant therapy. Molecular factors were compared between LTS (total of 91 patients) v. STS-1, and LTS (subgroup of 80 patients) v. STS-2. We included glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP), O6-methylguanine-DNA methyltransferase (MGMT) promoter methylation, isocitrate dehydrogenase 1 (IDH-1); furthermore, the proliferation index was analyzed (Ki-67/MIB-1). Results IDH-1 and decreased Ki-67 were numerically associated with LTS but the difference was only significant compared to STS-1 (n.s. v. STS-2). LTS was associated with MGMT promoter hypermethylation (p = 0.013 and p = 0.022) and GFAP expression (p < 0.001 and p = 0.001). Positivity for both factors combined compared to negativity for one factor occurred more often in the LTS group (p = 0.002 and p = 0.006); negativity for both factors combined did not occur in the LTS group. Conclusion In this retrospective analysis, GFAP expression and MGMT promoter methylation were associated with LTS. Given the hypothesis-generating nature of our study, these observations should be confirmed in prospective clinical trials. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s13014-022-01984-w.
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van Asperen JV, Fedorushkova DM, Robe PAJT, Hol E. Investigation of glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP) in body fluids as a potential biomarker for glioma: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Biomarkers 2021; 27:1-12. [PMID: 34844498 DOI: 10.1080/1354750x.2021.2006313] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Liquid biopsies are promising diagnostic tools for glioma. In this quantitative systematic review, we investigate whether the detection of intermediate filaments (IF) in body fluids can be used as a tool for glioma diagnosis and prognosis. MATERIALS AND METHODS We included all studies in which IF-levels were determined in patients with glioma and healthy controls. Of the 28 identified eligible studies, 12 focused on levels of GFAP in serum (sGFAP) and were included for metadata analysis. RESULTS In all studies combined, 62.7% of all grade IV patients had detectable levels of sGFAP compared to 12.7% of healthy controls. sGFAP did not surpass the limit of detection in lower grade patients or healthy controls, but sGFAP was significantly elevated in grade IV glioma (0.12 ng/mL (0.06 - 0.18), P < 0.001) and showed an average median difference of 0.15 ng/mL (0.04 - 0.25, P < 0.01) compared to healthy controls. sGFAP levels were linked to tumour volume, but not to patient outcome. CONCLUSION The presence of sGFAP is indicative of grade IV glioma, but additional studies are necessary to fully determine the usefulness of GFAP in body fluids as a tool for grade IV glioma diagnosis and follow-up.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jessy Van van Asperen
- Department of Translational Neurosciences, University Medical Center Utrecht Brain Center, Utrecht University, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Daria M Fedorushkova
- Department of Translational Neurosciences, University Medical Center Utrecht Brain Center, Utrecht University, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Pierre A J T Robe
- Department of Neurology and Neurosurgery, University Medical Center Utrecht Brain Center, Utrecht University, Utrecht, The Netherlands.,University Hospital Liege, Liege, Belgium
| | - Elly Hol
- Department of Translational Neurosciences, University Medical Center Utrecht Brain Center, Utrecht University, Utrecht, The Netherlands
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Eibl RH, Schneemann M. Liquid Biopsy and Primary Brain Tumors. Cancers (Basel) 2021; 13:5429. [PMID: 34771592 PMCID: PMC8582521 DOI: 10.3390/cancers13215429] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2021] [Revised: 10/21/2021] [Accepted: 10/26/2021] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Two decades of "promising results" in liquid biopsy have led to both continuing disappointment and hope that the new era of minimally invasive, personalized analysis can be applied for better diagnosis, prognosis, monitoring, and therapy of cancer. Here, we briefly highlight the promises, developments, and challenges related to liquid biopsy of brain tumors, including circulating tumor cells, cell-free nucleic acids, extracellular vesicles, and miRNA; we further discuss the urgent need to establish suitable biomarkers and the right standards to improve modern clinical management of brain tumor patients with the use of liquid biopsy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Robert H. Eibl
- c/o M. Schneemann, Department of Internal Medicine, Hospitals of Schaffhausen, 8208 Schaffhausen, Switzerland
| | - Markus Schneemann
- Department of Internal Medicine, Hospitals of Schaffhausen, 8208 Schaffhausen, Switzerland
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40
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Luger S, Jæger HS, Dixon J, Bohmann FO, Schaefer J, Richieri SP, Larsen K, Hov MR, Bache KG, Foerch C. Diagnostic Accuracy of Glial Fibrillary Acidic Protein and Ubiquitin Carboxy-Terminal Hydrolase-L1 Serum Concentrations for Differentiating Acute Intracerebral Hemorrhage from Ischemic Stroke. Neurocrit Care 2021; 33:39-48. [PMID: 32096121 DOI: 10.1007/s12028-020-00931-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Biomarkers indicative of intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH) may help triage acute stroke patients in the pre-hospital phase. We hypothesized that serum concentration of glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP) in combination with ubiquitin carboxy-terminal hydrolase-L1 (UCH-L1), measured by a rapid bio-assay, could be used to distinguish ICH from ischemic stroke. METHODS This prospective two-center study recruited patients with a clinical diagnosis of acute stroke both in the pre-hospital phase and at hospital admission (within 4 and 6 h after symptom onset, respectively). Blood samples were analyzed for concentrations of GFAP and UCH-L1 using ELISA techniques. The reference standard was the diagnosis of ICH, ischemic stroke, or stroke mimicking condition achieved after clinical workup including brain imaging. RESULTS A total of 251 patients were included (mean age [± SD] 72 ± 15 years; 5 ICH, 23 ischemic strokes and 14 stroke mimics in the pre-hospital part; and 59 ICH, 148 ischemic strokes and 2 stroke mimics in the in-hospital part). Mean delay (± SD) from symptom onset to blood withdrawal was 130 ± 79 min for the pre-hospital patients and 136 ± 86 min for the in-hospital patients. Both GFAP and UCH-L1 serum concentrations were higher in patients having ICH as compared to other diagnoses (GFAP: median 330 ng/L [interquartile range 64-7060, range 8-56,100] vs. 27.5 ng/L [14-57.25, 0-781], p < 0.001; UCH-L1: 401 ng/L [265-764, 133-1812] vs. 338 ng/L [213-549.5, 0-2950], p = 0.025). Area-under-the-curve values were 0.866 (95% CI 0.809-0.924, p < 0.001) for GFAP, and 0.590 (0.511-0.670, p = 0.033) for UCH-L1. Regarding overall diagnostic accuracy, UCH-L1 did not add significantly to the performance of GFAP. CONCLUSIONS GFAP may differentiate ICH from ischemic stroke and stroke mimics. A point-of-care test to distinguish between ischemic and hemorrhagic strokes might facilitate triage to different treatment pathways or locations, or be used to select patients for trials of ultra-early interventions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sebastian Luger
- Department of Neurology, Goethe-University Hospital Frankfurt, Schleusenweg 2-16, 60528, Frankfurt am Main, Germany.
| | - Henriette S Jæger
- The Norwegian Air Ambulance Foundation, Oslo, Norway.,Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
| | - Joanna Dixon
- Department of Neurology, Goethe-University Hospital Frankfurt, Schleusenweg 2-16, 60528, Frankfurt am Main, Germany
| | - Ferdinand O Bohmann
- Department of Neurology, Goethe-University Hospital Frankfurt, Schleusenweg 2-16, 60528, Frankfurt am Main, Germany
| | - JanHendrik Schaefer
- Department of Neurology, Goethe-University Hospital Frankfurt, Schleusenweg 2-16, 60528, Frankfurt am Main, Germany
| | | | - Karianne Larsen
- The Norwegian Air Ambulance Foundation, Oslo, Norway.,Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
| | - Maren R Hov
- The Norwegian Air Ambulance Foundation, Oslo, Norway.,Department of Neurology, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway
| | - Kristi G Bache
- The Norwegian Air Ambulance Foundation, Oslo, Norway.,Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
| | - Christian Foerch
- Department of Neurology, Goethe-University Hospital Frankfurt, Schleusenweg 2-16, 60528, Frankfurt am Main, Germany
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Arabzadeh A, Mortezazadeh T, Aryafar T, Gharepapagh E, Majdaeen M, Farhood B. Therapeutic potentials of resveratrol in combination with radiotherapy and chemotherapy during glioblastoma treatment: a mechanistic review. Cancer Cell Int 2021; 21:391. [PMID: 34289841 PMCID: PMC8296583 DOI: 10.1186/s12935-021-02099-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2021] [Accepted: 07/15/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Glioblastoma, WHO grade IV astrocytoma, is the most aggressive type of brain tumors. These cancerous cells have a rapid growth rate, tendency to penetrate vital brain structures, molecular heterogeneity, etc. and this cancer is associated with a poor prognosis and low survival rate. Due to the resistance of glioblastoma cells to conventional therapeutic modalities (such as radiation therapy and chemotherapy) as well as the adverse effects of these modalities, the researchers have attempted to discover an appropriate alternative or adjuvant treatment for glioblastoma. Resveratrol, as an herbal and natural polyphenolic compound, has anti-tumoral property and has shown to be effective in GBM treatment. Resveratrol exerts its anti-tumoral effect through various mechanisms such as regulation of cell cycle progression and cell proliferation, autophagy, oxidant system, apoptosis pathways, and so on. Resveratrol in combination with radiation therapy and chemotherapy has also been used. In the present study, we summarized the current findings on therapeutic potentials of resveratrol in glioblastoma radiotherapy and chemotherapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- AmirAhmad Arabzadeh
- Department of Surgery, School of Medicine, Ardabil University of Medical Sciences, Ardabil, Iran
| | - Tohid Mortezazadeh
- Department of Medical Physics, School of Medicine, Tabriz University of Medical Science, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Tayebeh Aryafar
- Department of Radiation Sciences, Yasuj University of Medical Sciences, Yasuj, Iran
| | - Esmaeil Gharepapagh
- Medical Radiation Sciences Research Team , Tabriz University of Medical Science, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Mehrsa Majdaeen
- Department of Radiotherapy and Oncology, Razi Hospital, Guilan University of Medical Sciences, Rasht, Iran.
| | - Bagher Farhood
- Department of Medical Physics and Radiology, Faculty of Paramedical Sciences, Kashan University of Medical Sciences, Kashan, Iran.
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42
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Mizenko C, Bennett JL, Owens G, Vollmer TL, Piquet AL. A Longitudinal, Observational Analysis of Neuronal Injury Biomarkers in a Case Report of a Patient With Paraneoplastic Anti-CRMP5 Antibody-Associated Transverse Myelitis. Front Neurol 2021; 12:691509. [PMID: 34349723 PMCID: PMC8328144 DOI: 10.3389/fneur.2021.691509] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/06/2021] [Accepted: 06/21/2021] [Indexed: 01/13/2023] Open
Abstract
Biomarkers are needed to guide therapeutic decision making in autoimmune and paraneoplastic neurologic disorders. Here, we describe a case of paraneoplastic collapsing response-mediator protein-5 (CRMP5)-associated transverse myelitis (TM) where plasma neurofilament light (NfL) chain and glial fibrillary protein (GFAP) levels were observed over a 14-month clinical course, correlating with radiographical and clinical outcome measures in response to treatment. Blood and CSF samples obtained at diagnosis as well as 7 and 14 months into treatment. At the time of initial diagnosis, both plasma NfL (782.62 pg/ml) and GFAP (283.26 pg/ml) were significantly elevated. Initial treatment was with IV steroids and plasma exchange (PLEX) followed by neuroendocrine tumor removal, chemotherapy, and radiation. After initial improvement with chemotherapy, the patient experienced clinical worsening and transient elevation of plasma NfL (103.27 pg/ml and GFAP (211.58 pg/ml) levels. Whole body positron emission tomography PET scan did not demonstrate recurrence of malignancy. Repeat PLEX and rituximab induction resulted in improvements in patient function, neurologic exam, and plasma biomarker levels. To our knowledge, this is the first described longitudinal, prospective analysis of neuronal injury biomarkers and association of clinical treatment outcomes in CRMP5 myelitis. Our findings suggest that clinical improvement correlates with NfL and GFAP concentrations.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Jeffrey L Bennett
- Department of Neurology, University of Colorado, Aurora, CO, United States.,Department of Ophthalmology, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO, United States
| | - Gregory Owens
- Department of Neurology, University of Colorado, Aurora, CO, United States
| | - Timothy L Vollmer
- Department of Neurology, University of Colorado, Aurora, CO, United States
| | - Amanda L Piquet
- Department of Neurology, University of Colorado, Aurora, CO, United States
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43
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Hart CG, Karimi-Abdolrezaee S. Recent insights on astrocyte mechanisms in CNS homeostasis, pathology, and repair. J Neurosci Res 2021; 99:2427-2462. [PMID: 34259342 DOI: 10.1002/jnr.24922] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/10/2021] [Revised: 06/06/2021] [Accepted: 06/24/2021] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Astrocytes play essential roles in development, homeostasis, injury, and repair of the central nervous system (CNS). Their development is tightly regulated by distinct spatial and temporal cues during embryogenesis and into adulthood throughout the CNS. Astrocytes have several important responsibilities such as regulating blood flow and permeability of the blood-CNS barrier, glucose metabolism and storage, synapse formation and function, and axon myelination. In CNS pathologies, astrocytes also play critical parts in both injury and repair mechanisms. Upon injury, they undergo a robust phenotypic shift known as "reactive astrogliosis," which results in both constructive and deleterious outcomes. Astrocyte activation and migration at the site of injury provides an early defense mechanism to minimize the extent of injury by enveloping the lesion area. However, astrogliosis also contributes to the inhibitory microenvironment of CNS injury and potentiate secondary injury mechanisms, such as inflammation, oxidative stress, and glutamate excitotoxicity, which facilitate neurodegeneration in CNS pathologies. Intriguingly, reactive astrocytes are increasingly a focus in current therapeutic strategies as their activation can be modulated toward a neuroprotective and reparative phenotype. This review will discuss recent advancements in knowledge regarding the development and role of astrocytes in the healthy and pathological CNS. We will also review how astrocytes have been genetically modified to optimize their reparative potential after injury, and how they may be transdifferentiated into neurons and oligodendrocytes to promote repair after CNS injury and neurodegeneration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christopher G Hart
- Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, Spinal Cord Research Centre, Children's Hospital Research Institute of Manitoba, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB, Canada
| | - Soheila Karimi-Abdolrezaee
- Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, Spinal Cord Research Centre, Children's Hospital Research Institute of Manitoba, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB, Canada
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Molecular and Circulating Biomarkers of Brain Tumors. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms22137039. [PMID: 34210107 PMCID: PMC8268709 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22137039] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/09/2021] [Revised: 06/27/2021] [Accepted: 06/27/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Brain tumors are the most common malignant primary intracranial tumors of the central nervous system. They are often recognized too late for successful therapy. Minimally invasive methods are needed to establish a diagnosis or monitor the response to treatment of CNS tumors. Brain tumors release molecular information into the circulation. Liquid biopsies collect and analyze tumor components in body fluids, and there is an increasing interest in the investigation of liquid biopsies as a substitute for tumor tissue. Tumor-derived biomarkers include nucleic acids, proteins, and tumor-derived extracellular vesicles that accumulate in blood or cerebrospinal fluid. In recent years, circulating tumor cells have also been identified in the blood of glioblastoma patients. In this review of the literature, the authors highlight the significance, regulation, and prevalence of molecular biomarkers such as O6-methylguanine-DNA methyltransferase, epidermal growth factor receptor, and isocitrate dehydrogenase. Herein, we critically review the available literature on plasma circulating tumor cells (CTCs), cell-free tumors (ctDNAs), circulating cell-free microRNAs (cfmiRNAs), and circulating extracellular vesicles (EVs) for the diagnosis and monitoring of brain tumor. Currently available markers have significant limitations. While much research has been conductedon these markers, there is still a significant amount that we do not yet understand, which may account for some conflicting reports in the literature.
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45
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Ali H, Harting R, de Vries R, Ali M, Wurdinger T, Best MG. Blood-Based Biomarkers for Glioma in the Context of Gliomagenesis: A Systematic Review. Front Oncol 2021; 11:665235. [PMID: 34150629 PMCID: PMC8211985 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2021.665235] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2021] [Accepted: 05/18/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Gliomas are the most common and aggressive tumors of the central nervous system. A robust and widely used blood-based biomarker for glioma has not yet been identified. In recent years, a plethora of new research on blood-based biomarkers for glial tumors has been published. In this review, we question which molecules, including proteins, nucleic acids, circulating cells, and metabolomics, are most promising blood-based biomarkers for glioma diagnosis, prognosis, monitoring and other purposes, and align them to the seminal processes of cancer. METHODS The Pubmed and Embase databases were systematically searched. Biomarkers were categorized in the identified biomolecules and biosources. Biomarker characteristics were assessed using the area under the curve (AUC), accuracy, sensitivity and/or specificity values and the degree of statistical significance among the assessed clinical groups was reported. RESULTS 7,919 references were identified: 3,596 in PubMed and 4,323 in Embase. Following screening of titles, abstracts and availability of full-text, 262 articles were included in the final systematic review. Panels of multiple biomarkers together consistently reached AUCs >0.8 and accuracies >80% for various purposes but especially for diagnostics. The accuracy of single biomarkers, consisting of only one measurement, was far more variable, but single microRNAs and proteins are generally more promising as compared to other biomarker types. CONCLUSION Panels of microRNAs and proteins are most promising biomarkers, while single biomarkers such as GFAP, IL-10 and individual miRNAs also hold promise. It is possible that panels are more accurate once these are involved in different, complementary cancer-related molecular pathways, because not all pathways may be dysregulated in cancer patients. As biomarkers seem to be increasingly dysregulated in patients with short survival, higher tumor grades and more pathological tumor types, it can be hypothesized that more pathways are dysregulated as the degree of malignancy of the glial tumor increases. Despite, none of the biomarkers found in the literature search seem to be currently ready for clinical implementation, and most of the studies report only preliminary application of the identified biomarkers. Hence, large-scale validation of currently identified and potential novel biomarkers to show clinical utility is warranted.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hamza Ali
- Department of Neurosurgery, Brain Tumor Center Amsterdam, Cancer Center Amsterdam, Amsterdam UMC, VU University Medical Center and Academic Medical Center, Amsterdam, Netherlands
| | - Romée Harting
- Department of Neurosurgery, Brain Tumor Center Amsterdam, Cancer Center Amsterdam, Amsterdam UMC, VU University Medical Center and Academic Medical Center, Amsterdam, Netherlands
| | - Ralph de Vries
- Medical Library, Vrije Universiteit, Amsterdam, Netherlands
| | - Meedie Ali
- Department of Neurosurgery, Brain Tumor Center Amsterdam, Cancer Center Amsterdam, Amsterdam UMC, VU University Medical Center and Academic Medical Center, Amsterdam, Netherlands
| | - Thomas Wurdinger
- Department of Neurosurgery, Brain Tumor Center Amsterdam, Cancer Center Amsterdam, Amsterdam UMC, VU University Medical Center and Academic Medical Center, Amsterdam, Netherlands
| | - Myron G. Best
- Department of Neurosurgery, Brain Tumor Center Amsterdam, Cancer Center Amsterdam, Amsterdam UMC, VU University Medical Center and Academic Medical Center, Amsterdam, Netherlands
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46
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Jones J, Nguyen H, Drummond K, Morokoff A. Circulating Biomarkers for Glioma: A Review. Neurosurgery 2021; 88:E221-E230. [PMID: 33442748 DOI: 10.1093/neuros/nyaa540] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/26/2020] [Accepted: 10/10/2020] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Accurate circulating biomarkers have potential clinical applications in population screening, tumor subclassification, monitoring tumor status, and the delivery of individualized treatments resulting from tumor genotyping. Recently, significant progress has been made within this field in several cancer types, but despite the many potential benefits, currently there is no validated circulating biomarker test for patients with glioma. A number of circulating factors have been examined, including circulating tumor cells, cell-free DNA, microRNA, exosomes, and proteins from both peripheral blood and cerebrospinal fluid with variable results. In the following article, we provide a narrative review of the current evidence pertaining to circulating biomarkers in patients with glioma, including discussion of the advantages and challenges encountered with the current methods used for discovery. Additionally, the potential clinical applications are described with reference to the literature.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jordan Jones
- Department of Surgery, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Australia.,Department of Neurosurgery, Royal Melbourne Hospital, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Hong Nguyen
- Department of Surgery, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Katharine Drummond
- Department of Surgery, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Australia.,Department of Neurosurgery, Royal Melbourne Hospital, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Andrew Morokoff
- Department of Surgery, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Australia.,Department of Neurosurgery, Royal Melbourne Hospital, Melbourne, Australia
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47
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Schmid D, Warnken U, Latzer P, Hoffmann DC, Roth J, Kutschmann S, Jaschonek H, Rübmann P, Foltyn M, Vollmuth P, Winkler F, Seliger C, Felix M, Sahm F, Haas J, Reuss D, Bendszus M, Wildemann B, von Deimling A, Wick W, Kessler T. Diagnostic biomarkers from proteomic characterization of cerebrospinal fluid in patients with brain malignancies. J Neurochem 2021; 158:522-538. [PMID: 33735443 DOI: 10.1111/jnc.15350] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/06/2021] [Revised: 03/11/2021] [Accepted: 03/11/2021] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
Recent technological advances in molecular diagnostics through liquid biopsies hold the promise to repetitively monitor tumor evolution and treatment response of brain malignancies without the need of invasive surgical tissue accrual. Here, we implemented a mass spectrometry-based protein analysis pipeline which identified hundreds of proteins in 251 cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) samples from patients with four types of brain malignancies (glioblastoma, lymphoma, brain metastasis, and leptomeningeal disease [LMD]) and from healthy individuals with a focus on glioblastoma in a retrospective and confirmatory prospective observational study. CSF proteome deregulation via disruption of the blood brain barrier appeared to be largely conserved across brain tumor entities. CSF analysis of glioblastoma patients identified two proteomic clusters that correlated with tumor size and patient survival. By integrating CSF data with proteomic analyses of matching glioblastoma tumor tissue and primary glioblastoma cells, we identified potential CSF biomarkers for glioblastoma, in particular chitinase-3-like protein 1 (CHI3L1) and glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP). Key findings were validated in a prospective cohort consisting of 35 glioma patients. Finally, in LMD patients who frequently undergo repeated CSF work-up, we explored our proteomic pipeline as a mean to profile consecutive CSF samples. Therefore, proteomic analysis of CSF in brain malignancies has the potential to reveal biomarkers for diagnosis and therapy monitoring.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dominic Schmid
- Clinical Cooperation Unit Neurooncology, German Cancer Consortium (DKTK), German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany.,Department of Neurology and Neurooncology Program at the National Center for Tumor Diseases, Heidelberg University Hospital, Heidelberg, Germany.,Medical Faculty, University of Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Uwe Warnken
- Clinical Cooperation Unit Neurooncology, German Cancer Consortium (DKTK), German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany.,Functional Proteome Analysis, DKFZ, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Pauline Latzer
- Clinical Cooperation Unit Neurooncology, German Cancer Consortium (DKTK), German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Dirk C Hoffmann
- Clinical Cooperation Unit Neurooncology, German Cancer Consortium (DKTK), German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany.,Department of Neurology and Neurooncology Program at the National Center for Tumor Diseases, Heidelberg University Hospital, Heidelberg, Germany.,Faculty of Biosciences, Heidelberg University, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Judith Roth
- Clinical Cooperation Unit Neurooncology, German Cancer Consortium (DKTK), German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Stefanie Kutschmann
- Clinical Cooperation Unit Neurooncology, German Cancer Consortium (DKTK), German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Hannah Jaschonek
- Department of Neurology and Neurooncology Program at the National Center for Tumor Diseases, Heidelberg University Hospital, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Petra Rübmann
- Clinical Cooperation Unit Neurooncology, German Cancer Consortium (DKTK), German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Martha Foltyn
- Department of Neuroradiology, Heidelberg University Hospital, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Philipp Vollmuth
- Department of Neuroradiology, Heidelberg University Hospital, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Frank Winkler
- Clinical Cooperation Unit Neurooncology, German Cancer Consortium (DKTK), German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany.,Department of Neurology and Neurooncology Program at the National Center for Tumor Diseases, Heidelberg University Hospital, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Corinna Seliger
- Department of Neurology and Neurooncology Program at the National Center for Tumor Diseases, Heidelberg University Hospital, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Marius Felix
- Clinical Cooperation Unit Neuropathology, DKTK, DKFZ, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Felix Sahm
- Clinical Cooperation Unit Neuropathology, DKTK, DKFZ, Heidelberg, Germany.,Department of Neuropathology, Heidelberg University Hospital, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Jürgen Haas
- Molecular Neuroimmunology, Heidelberg University Hospital, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - David Reuss
- Clinical Cooperation Unit Neuropathology, DKTK, DKFZ, Heidelberg, Germany.,Department of Neuropathology, Heidelberg University Hospital, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Martin Bendszus
- Department of Neuroradiology, Heidelberg University Hospital, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Brigitte Wildemann
- Department of Neurology and Neurooncology Program at the National Center for Tumor Diseases, Heidelberg University Hospital, Heidelberg, Germany.,Molecular Neuroimmunology, Heidelberg University Hospital, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Andreas von Deimling
- Clinical Cooperation Unit Neuropathology, DKTK, DKFZ, Heidelberg, Germany.,Department of Neuropathology, Heidelberg University Hospital, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Wolfgang Wick
- Clinical Cooperation Unit Neurooncology, German Cancer Consortium (DKTK), German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany.,Department of Neurology and Neurooncology Program at the National Center for Tumor Diseases, Heidelberg University Hospital, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Tobias Kessler
- Clinical Cooperation Unit Neurooncology, German Cancer Consortium (DKTK), German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany.,Department of Neurology and Neurooncology Program at the National Center for Tumor Diseases, Heidelberg University Hospital, Heidelberg, Germany
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Wang J, Tang W, Yang M, Yin Y, Li H, Hu F, Tang L, Ma X, Zhang Y, Wang Y. Inflammatory tumor microenvironment responsive neutrophil exosomes-based drug delivery system for targeted glioma therapy. Biomaterials 2021; 273:120784. [PMID: 33848731 DOI: 10.1016/j.biomaterials.2021.120784] [Citation(s) in RCA: 141] [Impact Index Per Article: 47.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/02/2020] [Revised: 03/23/2021] [Accepted: 03/24/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Clinical treatment of malignant glioma remains a major challenge due to high infiltrative growth and chemotherapeutic resistance of tumors and the presence of the blood brain barrier (BBB). Advanced nanoplatforms that can efficiently cross the BBB and target to brain tumor are urgently needed. Encouraged by the intrinsic inflammatory chemotaxis and excellent BBB-crossing capability of neutrophils, a bioinspired neutrophil-exosomes (NEs-Exos) system for delivering loaded doxorubicin (DOX) drug for glioma treatment is proposed and systematically investigated. In vivo zebrafish and C6-Luc glioma-bearing mice models show that NEs-Exos carrying the drug rapidly penetrate the BBB and migrate into the brain. Additionally, a transwell BBB model and mouse brain inflammatory study show that NEs-Exos can respond chemotactically to inflammatory stimuli and target infiltrating tumor cells in inflamed brain tumors. Moreover, intravenous injection of NEs-Exos/DOX efficiently suppress tumor growth and prolong survival time in a glioma mouse model. On the basis of these results, NEs-Exos are confirmed to have neutrophil-like chemotactic function and BBB penetration. This novel NEs-Exos/DOX delivery platform represents a promising chemotherapeutic approach for clinical treatment of glioma and other solid tumor or brain diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jun Wang
- School of Medicine, Chongqing University, Chongqing, 400044, China; Key Laboratory of Biorheological Science and Technology, Ministry of Education, College of Bioengineering, Chongqing University, Chongqing, 400044, China
| | - Wei Tang
- Key Laboratory of Human-Machine-Intelligence Synergic Systems, Research Center for Neural Engineering, Shenzhen Institutes of Advanced Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenzhen, 518055, China.
| | - Meng Yang
- School of Medicine, Chongqing University, Chongqing, 400044, China; Key Laboratory of Biorheological Science and Technology, Ministry of Education, College of Bioengineering, Chongqing University, Chongqing, 400044, China
| | - Ying Yin
- School of Medicine, Chongqing University, Chongqing, 400044, China; Key Laboratory of Biorheological Science and Technology, Ministry of Education, College of Bioengineering, Chongqing University, Chongqing, 400044, China
| | - Hui Li
- Institute of Biomedical and Health Engineering, Shenzhen Institutes of Advanced Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenzhen, 518055, China
| | - Fangfang Hu
- School of Medicine, Chongqing University, Chongqing, 400044, China; Key Laboratory of Biorheological Science and Technology, Ministry of Education, College of Bioengineering, Chongqing University, Chongqing, 400044, China
| | - Lin Tang
- School of Medicine, Chongqing University, Chongqing, 400044, China; Key Laboratory of Biorheological Science and Technology, Ministry of Education, College of Bioengineering, Chongqing University, Chongqing, 400044, China
| | - Xiaoyue Ma
- School of Medicine, Chongqing University, Chongqing, 400044, China; Key Laboratory of Biorheological Science and Technology, Ministry of Education, College of Bioengineering, Chongqing University, Chongqing, 400044, China
| | - Yu Zhang
- School of Medicine, Chongqing University, Chongqing, 400044, China; Key Laboratory of Biorheological Science and Technology, Ministry of Education, College of Bioengineering, Chongqing University, Chongqing, 400044, China
| | - Yazhou Wang
- School of Medicine, Chongqing University, Chongqing, 400044, China; Key Laboratory of Biorheological Science and Technology, Ministry of Education, College of Bioengineering, Chongqing University, Chongqing, 400044, China.
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Alves ALV, Gomes INF, Carloni AC, Rosa MN, da Silva LS, Evangelista AF, Reis RM, Silva VAO. Role of glioblastoma stem cells in cancer therapeutic resistance: a perspective on antineoplastic agents from natural sources and chemical derivatives. Stem Cell Res Ther 2021; 12:206. [PMID: 33762015 PMCID: PMC7992331 DOI: 10.1186/s13287-021-02231-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 86] [Impact Index Per Article: 28.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/18/2020] [Accepted: 02/15/2021] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Glioblastoma (GBM) is the highest-grade form of glioma, as well as one of the most aggressive types of cancer, exhibiting rapid cellular growth and highly invasive behavior. Despite significant advances in diagnosis and therapy in recent decades, the outcomes for high-grade gliomas (WHO grades III-IV) remain unfavorable, with a median overall survival time of 15–18 months. The concept of cancer stem cells (CSCs) has emerged and provided new insight into GBM resistance and management. CSCs can self-renew and initiate tumor growth and are also responsible for tumor cell heterogeneity and the induction of systemic immunosuppression. The idea that GBM resistance could be dependent on innate differences in the sensitivity of clonogenic glial stem cells (GSCs) to chemotherapeutic drugs/radiation prompted the scientific community to rethink the understanding of GBM growth and therapies directed at eliminating these cells or modulating their stemness. This review aims to describe major intrinsic and extrinsic mechanisms that mediate chemoradioresistant GSCs and therapies based on antineoplastic agents from natural sources, derivatives, and synthetics used alone or in synergistic combination with conventional treatment. We will also address ongoing clinical trials focused on these promising targets. Although the development of effective therapy for GBM remains a major challenge in molecular oncology, GSC knowledge can offer new directions for a promising future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ana Laura V Alves
- Molecular Oncology Research Center, Barretos Cancer Hospital, Rua Antenor Duarte Villela, 1331, CEP 14784 400, Barretos, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Izabela N F Gomes
- Molecular Oncology Research Center, Barretos Cancer Hospital, Rua Antenor Duarte Villela, 1331, CEP 14784 400, Barretos, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Adriana C Carloni
- Molecular Oncology Research Center, Barretos Cancer Hospital, Rua Antenor Duarte Villela, 1331, CEP 14784 400, Barretos, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Marcela N Rosa
- Molecular Oncology Research Center, Barretos Cancer Hospital, Rua Antenor Duarte Villela, 1331, CEP 14784 400, Barretos, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Luciane S da Silva
- Molecular Oncology Research Center, Barretos Cancer Hospital, Rua Antenor Duarte Villela, 1331, CEP 14784 400, Barretos, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Adriane F Evangelista
- Molecular Oncology Research Center, Barretos Cancer Hospital, Rua Antenor Duarte Villela, 1331, CEP 14784 400, Barretos, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Rui Manuel Reis
- Molecular Oncology Research Center, Barretos Cancer Hospital, Rua Antenor Duarte Villela, 1331, CEP 14784 400, Barretos, São Paulo, Brazil.,Life and Health Sciences Research Institute (ICVS), School of Medicine, University of Minho, 4710-057, Braga, Portugal.,ICVS/3B's PT Government Associate Laboratory, 4806-909, Braga, Portugal
| | - Viviane Aline O Silva
- Molecular Oncology Research Center, Barretos Cancer Hospital, Rua Antenor Duarte Villela, 1331, CEP 14784 400, Barretos, São Paulo, Brazil.
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Zhang H, Yuan F, Qi Y, Liu B, Chen Q. Circulating Tumor Cells for Glioma. Front Oncol 2021; 11:607150. [PMID: 33777749 PMCID: PMC7987781 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2021.607150] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/16/2020] [Accepted: 02/11/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Liquid biopsy has entered clinical applications for several cancers, including metastatic breast, prostate, and colorectal cancer for CTC enumeration and NSCLC for EGFR mutations in ctDNA, and has improved the individualized treatment of many cancers, but relatively little progress has been made in validating circulating biomarkers for brain malignancies. So far, data on circulating tumor cells about glioma are limited, the application of circulating tumor cells as biomarker for glioma patients has only just begun. This article reviews the research status and application prospects of circulating tumor cells in gliomas. Several detection methods and research results of circulating tumor cells about clinical research in gliomas are briefly discussed. The wide application prospect of circulating tumor cells in glioma deserves further exploration, and the research on more sensitive and convenient detection methods is necessary.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huikai Zhang
- Department of Neurosurgery, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Fanen Yuan
- Department of Neurosurgery, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Yangzhi Qi
- Department of Neurosurgery, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Baohui Liu
- Department of Neurosurgery, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Qianxue Chen
- Department of Neurosurgery, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
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