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Hernández-Vega AM, García-Villegas R, Rosenbaum T. Roles for TRPV4 in disease: A discussion of possible mechanisms. Cell Calcium 2024; 124:102972. [PMID: 39609180 DOI: 10.1016/j.ceca.2024.102972] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2024] [Revised: 11/20/2024] [Accepted: 11/21/2024] [Indexed: 11/30/2024]
Abstract
The transient receptor potential vanilloid 4 (TRPV4) ion channel is a ubiquitously expressed Ca2+-permeable ion channel that controls intracellular calcium ([Ca2+]i) homeostasis in various types of cells. The physiological roles for TRPV4 are tissue specific and the mechanisms behind this specificity remain mostly unclarified. It is noteworthy that mutations in the TRPV4 channel have been associated to a broad spectrum of congenital diseases, with most of these mutations mainly resulting in gain-of-function. Mutations have been identified in human patients showing a variety of phenotypes and symptoms, mostly related to skeletal and neuromuscular disorders. Since TRPV4 is so widely expressed throughout the body, it comes as no surprise that the literature is growing in evidence linking this protein to malfunction in systems other than the skeletal and neuromuscular. In this review, we summarize the expression patterns of TRPV4 in several tissues and highlight findings of recent studies that address critical structural and functional features of this channel, particularly focusing on its interactions and signaling pathways related to Ca2+ entry. Moreover, we discuss the roles of TRPV4 mutations in some diseases and pinpoint some of the mechanisms underlying pathological states where TRPV4's malfunction is prominent.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ana M Hernández-Vega
- Departamento de Neurociencia Cognitiva, Instituto de Fisiología Celular, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Ciudad de México, 04510, Mexico
| | - Refugio García-Villegas
- Departamento de Fisiología, Biofísica y Neurociencias, Centro de Investigación y de Estudios Avanzados del Instituto Politécnico Nacional, Av. Instituto Politécnico Nacional 2508, Ciudad de México, 07360, México
| | - Tamara Rosenbaum
- Departamento de Neurociencia Cognitiva, Instituto de Fisiología Celular, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Ciudad de México, 04510, Mexico.
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2
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Tazir M, Nouioua S. Distal hereditary motor neuropathies. Rev Neurol (Paris) 2024; 180:1031-1036. [PMID: 38702287 DOI: 10.1016/j.neurol.2023.09.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2022] [Revised: 07/30/2023] [Accepted: 09/29/2023] [Indexed: 05/06/2024]
Abstract
Distal hereditary motor neuropathies (dHMN) are a group of heterogeneous hereditary disorders characterized by a slowly progressive distal pure motor neuropathy. Electrophysiology, with normal motor and sensory conduction velocities, can suggest the diagnosis of dHMN and guide the genetic study. More than thirty genes are currently associated with HMNs, but around 60 to 70% of cases of dHMN remain uncharacterized genetically. Recent cohort studies showed that HSPB1, GARS, BICB2 and DNAJB2 are among the most frequent dHMN genes and that the prevalence of the disease was calculated as 2.14 and 2.3 per 100,000. The determination of the different genes involved in dHMNs made it possible to observe a genotypic overlap with some other neurogenetic disorders and other hereditary neuropathies such as CMT2, mainly with the HSPB1, HSPB8, BICD2 and TRPV4 genes of AD-inherited transmission and recently observed with SORD gene of AR transmission which seems relatively frequent and potentially curable. Distal hereditary motor neuropathy that predominates in the upper limbs is linked mainly to three genes: GARS, BSCL2 and REEP1, whereas dHMN with vocal cord palsy is associated with SLC5A7, DCTN1 and TRPV4 genes. Among the rare AR forms of dHMN like IGHMBP2 and DNAJB2, the SIGMAR1 gene mutations as well as VRK1 variants are associated with a motor neuropathy phenotype often associated with upper motoneuron involvement. The differential diagnosis of these latter arises with juvenile forms of amyotrophic lateral sclerosis, that could be caused also by variations of these genes, as well as hereditary spastic paraplegia. A differential diagnosis of dHMN related to Brown Vialetto Van Laere syndrome due to riboflavin transporter deficiency is important to consider because of the therapeutic possibility.
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Affiliation(s)
- Meriem Tazir
- Department of Neurology, University Hospital Mustapha Bacha, Algiers, Algeria; Neurosciences Laboratory, University Benyoucef Benkhedda, Algiers, Algeria.
| | - Sonia Nouioua
- Neurosciences Laboratory, University Benyoucef Benkhedda, Algiers, Algeria; Department of Neurology, EHS El Maham, Cherchell,Tipaza, Algeria
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3
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Nishio H, Niba ETE, Saito T, Okamoto K, Lee T, Takeshima Y, Awano H, Lai PS. Clinical and Genetic Profiles of 5q- and Non-5q-Spinal Muscular Atrophy Diseases in Pediatric Patients. Genes (Basel) 2024; 15:1294. [PMID: 39457418 PMCID: PMC11506990 DOI: 10.3390/genes15101294] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/07/2024] [Revised: 09/25/2024] [Accepted: 09/27/2024] [Indexed: 10/28/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Spinal muscular atrophy (SMA) is a genetic disease characterized by loss of motor neurons in the spinal cord and lower brainstem. The term "SMA" usually refers to the most common form, 5q-SMA, which is caused by biallelic mutations in SMN1 (located on chromosome 5q13). However, long before the discovery of SMN1, it was known that other forms of SMA existed. Therefore, SMA is currently divided into two groups: 5q-SMA and non-5q-SMA. This is a simple and practical classification, and therapeutic drugs have only been developed for 5q-SMA (nusinersen, onasemnogene abeparvovec, risdiplam) and not for non-5q-SMA disease. METHODS We conducted a non-systematic critical review to identify the characteristics of each SMA disease. RESULTS Many of the non-5q-SMA diseases have similar symptoms, making DNA analysis of patients essential for accurate diagnosis. Currently, genetic analysis technology using next-generation sequencers is rapidly advancing, opening up the possibility of elucidating the pathology and treating non-5q-SMA. CONCLUSION Based on accurate diagnosis and a deeper understanding of the pathology of each disease, treatments for non-5q-SMA diseases may be developed in the near future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hisahide Nishio
- Faculty of Rehabilitation, Kobe Gakuin University, 518 Arise, Ikawadani-cho, Nishi-ku, Kobe 651-2180, Japan
| | - Emma Tabe Eko Niba
- Laboratory of Molecular and Biochemical Research, Biomedical Research Core Facilities, Graduate School of Medicine, Juntendo University, 2-1-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-8421, Japan;
| | - Toshio Saito
- Department of Neurology, National Hospital Organization Osaka Toneyama Medical Center, 5-1-1 Toneyama, Toyonaka 560-8552, Japan;
| | - Kentaro Okamoto
- Department of Pediatrics, Ehime Prefectural Imabari Hospital, 4-5-5 Ishi-cho, Imabari 794-0006, Japan;
| | - Tomoko Lee
- Department of Pediatrics, Hyogo Medical University, 1-1 Mukogawacho, Nishinomiya 663-8501, Japan; (T.L.); (Y.T.)
| | - Yasuhiro Takeshima
- Department of Pediatrics, Hyogo Medical University, 1-1 Mukogawacho, Nishinomiya 663-8501, Japan; (T.L.); (Y.T.)
| | - Hiroyuki Awano
- Organization for Research Initiative and Promotion, Research Initiative Center, Tottori University, 86 Nishi-cho, Yonago 683-8503, Japan;
| | - Poh-San Lai
- Department of Pediatrics, National University of Singapore, 1E Lower Kent Ridge Road, Singapore 119228, Singapore;
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4
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Milanovic F, Ducic S, Jankovic M, Sindjic-Antunovic S, Dubljanin-Raspopović E, Aleksic M, Djuricic G, Nikolic D. Clinical Characteristics and Whole Exome Sequencing Analysis in Serbian Cases of Clubfoot Deformity-Single Center Study. CHILDREN (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2024; 11:647. [PMID: 38929227 PMCID: PMC11201961 DOI: 10.3390/children11060647] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/18/2024] [Revised: 05/09/2024] [Accepted: 05/24/2024] [Indexed: 06/28/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Recognized as one of the most serious musculoskeletal deformities, occurring in 1-2 per 1000 newborns, 80% of clubfeet are idiopathic while 20% present with associated malformations. The etiopathogenesis of clubfoot is described as multifactorial, including both genetic and environmental risk factors. The aim of this study was to analyze possible genetic causes of isolated and syndromic clubfoot in Serbian children, as well as to correlate clinical and genetic characteristics that would provide insight into clubfoot etiopathogenesis and possibly contribute to global knowledge about clinical features of different genetically defined disorders. METHODS We evaluated 50 randomly selected, eligible children with clubfoot aged 3 to 16 years that were initially hospitalized and treated at University Children's Hospital between November 2006 and November 2022. The tested parameters were gender, age, dominant foot, affected foot, degree of deformity, treatment, neuromuscular disorders, positive family history, and maternal smoking. According to the presence of defined genetic mutation/s by whole exome sequencing (WES), patients were separated into two groups: positive (with genetic mutation/s) and negative (without genetic mutation/s). RESULTS Seven patients were found to be positive, i.e., with genetic mutation/s. A statistically significant difference between categorical variables was found for families with a history of clubfoot, where more than half (57.14%) of patients with confirmed genetic mutation/s also had a family history of genetic mutation/s (p = 0.023). CONCLUSIONS The results from this study further expand the genetic epidemiology of clubfoot. This study contributes to the establishment of genetic diagnostic strategies in pediatric patients with this condition, which can lead to more efficient genetic diagnosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Filip Milanovic
- Pediatric Surgery Department, University Children’s Hospital, 11000 Belgrade, Serbia; (S.D.); (S.S.-A.)
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Belgrade, 11000 Belgrade, Serbia; (M.J.); (E.D.-R.); (M.A.); (G.D.); (D.N.)
| | - Sinisa Ducic
- Pediatric Surgery Department, University Children’s Hospital, 11000 Belgrade, Serbia; (S.D.); (S.S.-A.)
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Belgrade, 11000 Belgrade, Serbia; (M.J.); (E.D.-R.); (M.A.); (G.D.); (D.N.)
| | - Milena Jankovic
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Belgrade, 11000 Belgrade, Serbia; (M.J.); (E.D.-R.); (M.A.); (G.D.); (D.N.)
- Neurology Clinic, University Clinical Center of Serbia, 11000 Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Sanja Sindjic-Antunovic
- Pediatric Surgery Department, University Children’s Hospital, 11000 Belgrade, Serbia; (S.D.); (S.S.-A.)
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Belgrade, 11000 Belgrade, Serbia; (M.J.); (E.D.-R.); (M.A.); (G.D.); (D.N.)
| | - Emilija Dubljanin-Raspopović
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Belgrade, 11000 Belgrade, Serbia; (M.J.); (E.D.-R.); (M.A.); (G.D.); (D.N.)
- Center for Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, University Clinical Center of Serbia, 11000 Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Milica Aleksic
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Belgrade, 11000 Belgrade, Serbia; (M.J.); (E.D.-R.); (M.A.); (G.D.); (D.N.)
- Center for Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, University Clinical Center of Serbia, 11000 Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Goran Djuricic
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Belgrade, 11000 Belgrade, Serbia; (M.J.); (E.D.-R.); (M.A.); (G.D.); (D.N.)
- Radiology Department, University Children’s Hospital, 11000 Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Dejan Nikolic
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Belgrade, 11000 Belgrade, Serbia; (M.J.); (E.D.-R.); (M.A.); (G.D.); (D.N.)
- Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, University Children’s Hospital, 11000 Belgrade, Serbia
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Sullivan JM, Bagnell AM, Alevy J, Avila EM, Mihaljević L, Saavedra-Rivera PC, Kong L, Huh JS, McCray BA, Aisenberg WH, Zuberi AR, Bogdanik L, Lutz CM, Qiu Z, Quinlan KA, Searson PC, Sumner CJ. Gain-of-function mutations of TRPV4 acting in endothelial cells drive blood-CNS barrier breakdown and motor neuron degeneration in mice. Sci Transl Med 2024; 16:eadk1358. [PMID: 38776392 PMCID: PMC11316273 DOI: 10.1126/scitranslmed.adk1358] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2023] [Accepted: 05/01/2024] [Indexed: 05/25/2024]
Abstract
Blood-CNS barrier disruption is a hallmark of numerous neurological disorders, yet whether barrier breakdown is sufficient to trigger neurodegenerative disease remains unresolved. Therapeutic strategies to mitigate barrier hyperpermeability are also limited. Dominant missense mutations of the cation channel transient receptor potential vanilloid 4 (TRPV4) cause forms of hereditary motor neuron disease. To gain insights into the cellular basis of these disorders, we generated knock-in mouse models of TRPV4 channelopathy by introducing two disease-causing mutations (R269C and R232C) into the endogenous mouse Trpv4 gene. TRPV4 mutant mice exhibited weakness, early lethality, and regional motor neuron loss. Genetic deletion of the mutant Trpv4 allele from endothelial cells (but not neurons, glia, or muscle) rescued these phenotypes. Symptomatic mutant mice exhibited focal disruptions of blood-spinal cord barrier (BSCB) integrity, associated with a gain of function of mutant TRPV4 channel activity in neural vascular endothelial cells (NVECs) and alterations of NVEC tight junction structure. Systemic administration of a TRPV4-specific antagonist abrogated channel-mediated BSCB impairments and provided a marked phenotypic rescue of symptomatic mutant mice. Together, our findings show that mutant TRPV4 channels can drive motor neuron degeneration in a non-cell autonomous manner by precipitating focal breakdown of the BSCB. Further, these data highlight the reversibility of TRPV4-mediated BSCB impairments and identify a potential therapeutic strategy for patients with TRPV4 mutations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jeremy M. Sullivan
- Department of Neurology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine; Baltimore, MD 21205, USA
| | - Anna M. Bagnell
- Department of Neurology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine; Baltimore, MD 21205, USA
| | - Jonathan Alevy
- Solomon H. Snyder Department of Neuroscience, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine; Baltimore, MD 21205, USA
| | - Elvia Mena Avila
- George and Anne Ryan Institute for Neuroscience, University of Rhode Island; Kingston, RI 02881, USA
- Department of Biomedical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, University of Rhode Island; Kingston, RI 02881, USA
| | - Ljubica Mihaljević
- Department of Physiology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine; Baltimore, MD 21205, USA
| | | | - Lingling Kong
- Department of Neurology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine; Baltimore, MD 21205, USA
| | - Jennifer S. Huh
- Department of Neurology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine; Baltimore, MD 21205, USA
| | - Brett A. McCray
- Department of Neurology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine; Baltimore, MD 21205, USA
| | - William H. Aisenberg
- Department of Neurology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine; Baltimore, MD 21205, USA
| | | | | | | | - Zhaozhu Qiu
- Solomon H. Snyder Department of Neuroscience, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine; Baltimore, MD 21205, USA
- Department of Physiology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine; Baltimore, MD 21205, USA
| | - Katharina A. Quinlan
- George and Anne Ryan Institute for Neuroscience, University of Rhode Island; Kingston, RI 02881, USA
- Department of Biomedical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, University of Rhode Island; Kingston, RI 02881, USA
| | - Peter C. Searson
- Institute for Nanobiotechnology, Johns Hopkins University; Baltimore, MD 21218, USA
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Johns Hopkins University; Baltimore, MD 21218, USA
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Johns Hopkins University; Baltimore, MD 21218, USA
| | - Charlotte J. Sumner
- Department of Neurology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine; Baltimore, MD 21205, USA
- Solomon H. Snyder Department of Neuroscience, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine; Baltimore, MD 21205, USA
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6
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Wang F, Jin X, Zhu Y, Jiang S, Zhang X, Wang Y, Man D, Wang F. Case Report: TRPV4 gene mutation causing neuronopathy, distal hereditary motor, type VIII. Front Pediatr 2024; 12:1327742. [PMID: 38562133 PMCID: PMC10982358 DOI: 10.3389/fped.2024.1327742] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2023] [Accepted: 03/06/2024] [Indexed: 04/04/2024] Open
Abstract
Neuronopathy, distal hereditary motor, type VIII is an exceedingly rare autosomal dominant genetic disorder, also known as congenital non-progressive distal spinal muscular atrophy. It is characterized by progressive weakness in distal motor function and atrophy of muscles, without accompanying sensory impairment. Presently, there is limited literature on this condition, and accurate epidemiological data regarding its incidence remains unavailable. We report a paediatric case of distal hereditary motor, type VIII that is caused by a heterozygous missense mutation in the TRPV4 gene (NM_021625): c.805C>T. The proband is a 7-year-old male child. During pregnancy, his mother had prenatal ultrasound revealing "inward turning of the feet", a condition persisting after birth. The proband is currently unable to stand independently, exhibiting bilateral clubfoot deformity. Although possessing normal cognitive function, he cannot walk unaided. Computed radiography findings reveal pelvic tilt, bilateral knee joint valgus, and bilateral clubfoot. The patient underwent familial exome sequencing, revealing a mutation in the TRPV4 gene (NM_021625): c.805C>T (p.Arg269Cys). Considering the patient's medical history, clinical manifestations, imaging studies, and genetic test results, the diagnosis for this individual is Neuronopathy, distal hereditary motor, type VIII. This report documents a case involving the TRPV4 gene mutation associated with Neuronopathy, distal hereditary motor, type VIII, contributing valuable case reference for the early diagnosis of this condition.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | - Dongmei Man
- Department of Obstetrics, Affiliated Hospital of Jining Medical University, Jining Medical University, Jining, China
| | - Fuling Wang
- Department of Obstetrics, Affiliated Hospital of Jining Medical University, Jining Medical University, Jining, China
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Campbell L, Fredericks J, Mathivha K, Moshesh P, Coovadia A, Chirwa P, Dillon B, Ghoor A, Lawrence D, Nair L, Mabaso N, Mokwele D, Novellie M, Krause A, Carstens N. The implementation and utility of clinical exome sequencing in a South African infant cohort. Front Genet 2023; 14:1277948. [PMID: 38028619 PMCID: PMC10665497 DOI: 10.3389/fgene.2023.1277948] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/15/2023] [Accepted: 10/23/2023] [Indexed: 12/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Genetic disorders are significant contributors to infant hospitalization and mortality globally. The early diagnosis of these conditions in infants remains a considerable challenge. Clinical exome sequencing (CES) has shown to be a successful tool for the early diagnosis of genetic conditions, however, its utility in African infant populations has not been investigated. The impact of the under-representation of African genomic data, the cost of testing, and genomic workforce shortages, need to be investigated and evidence-based implementation strategies accounting for locally available genetics expertise and diagnostic infrastructure need to be developed. We evaluated the diagnostic utility of singleton CES in a cohort of 32 ill, South African infants from two State hospitals in Johannesburg, South Africa. We analysed the data using a series of filtering approaches, including a curated virtual gene panel consisting of genes implicated in neonatal-and early childhood-onset conditions and genes with known founder and common variants in African populations. We reported a diagnostic yield of 22% and identified seven pathogenic variants in the NPHS1, COL2A1, OCRL, SHOC2, TPRV4, MTM1 and STAC3 genes. This study demonstrates the utility value of CES in the South African State healthcare setting, providing a diagnosis to patients who would otherwise not receive one and allowing for directed management. We anticipate an increase in the diagnostic yield of our workflow with further refinement of the study inclusion criteria. This study highlights important considerations for the implementation of genomic medicine in under-resourced settings and in under-represented African populations where variant interpretation remains a challenge.
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Affiliation(s)
- L. Campbell
- Division of Human Genetics, National Health Laboratory Service andSchool of Pathology, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg, South Africa
| | - J. Fredericks
- Department of Paediatrics and Child Health, School of Clinical Medicine, Rahima Moosa Mother and Child Hospital, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg, South Africa
| | - K. Mathivha
- Department of Paediatrics and Child Health, School of Clinical Medicine, Nelson Mandela Children’s Hospital, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg, South Africa
| | - P. Moshesh
- Department of Paediatrics and Child Health, School of Clinical Medicine, Nelson Mandela Children’s Hospital, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg, South Africa
| | - A. Coovadia
- Department of Paediatrics and Child Health, School of Clinical Medicine, Rahima Moosa Mother and Child Hospital, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg, South Africa
| | - P. Chirwa
- Nelson Mandela Children’s Hospital, Johannesburg, South Africa
| | - B. Dillon
- Division of Human Genetics, National Health Laboratory Service andSchool of Pathology, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg, South Africa
| | - A. Ghoor
- Department of Paediatrics and Child Health, School of Clinical Medicine, Rahima Moosa Mother and Child Hospital, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg, South Africa
| | - D. Lawrence
- Department of Paediatrics and Child Health, School of Clinical Medicine, Rahima Moosa Mother and Child Hospital, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg, South Africa
| | - L. Nair
- Department of Paediatrics and Child Health, School of Clinical Medicine, Rahima Moosa Mother and Child Hospital, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg, South Africa
| | - N. Mabaso
- Division of Human Genetics, National Health Laboratory Service andSchool of Pathology, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg, South Africa
| | - D. Mokwele
- Division of Human Genetics, National Health Laboratory Service andSchool of Pathology, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg, South Africa
| | - M. Novellie
- Division of Human Genetics, National Health Laboratory Service andSchool of Pathology, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg, South Africa
| | - A. Krause
- Division of Human Genetics, National Health Laboratory Service andSchool of Pathology, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg, South Africa
| | - N. Carstens
- Division of Human Genetics, National Health Laboratory Service andSchool of Pathology, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg, South Africa
- Genomics Platform, South African Medical Research Council, Cape Town, South Africa
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8
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Lugo E, Graulau E, Ramos Cortes E, Carlo S, Ramírez N. Homozygous TRPV4 Mutation Broadens the Phenotypic Spectrum of Congenital Spinal Muscular Atrophy and Arthrogryposis: A Case Report. Cureus 2023; 15:e43413. [PMID: 37706131 PMCID: PMC10495693 DOI: 10.7759/cureus.43413] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 08/09/2023] [Indexed: 09/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Transient receptor potential vanilloid 4 (TRPV4) mutations are known to cause inherited axonal neuropathies and skeletal dysplasia. TRPV4 mutations are associated with distal hereditary motor neuropathies (dHMN), which distinctly involve motor deficits. A 1 ½-year-old boy presented at the clinic with diminished lower limb movement and ambulatory limitations. The patient was born with bilateral knee arthrogryposis and bilateral talipes equinovarus, which required surgical intervention. A gross neurologic exam was unremarkable, with normal vision and hearing. A bone survey radiograph showed no evidence of skeletal dysplasia. Genetic tests revealed a homozygous mutation in the TRPV4 gene (c.281C>T; p.S94L), leading to the diagnosis of congenital spinal muscular atrophy and arthrogryposis (CSMAA). Hence, this presents the first case of CSMAA caused by a TRPV4 mutation (p.S94L), with a different presentation from the one previously described in the literature, thus broadening the phenotypic variability and clinical spectrum of TRPV4 mutations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elyette Lugo
- Medicine, Universidad Central del Caribe, Bayamón, PRI
| | - Eric Graulau
- Medicine, Ponce Health Sciences University, Ponce, PRI
| | - Edwardo Ramos Cortes
- Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, University of Puerto Rico, Medical Sciences Campus, San Juan, PRI
| | - Simón Carlo
- Biochemistry/Pediatrics/Psychiatry, Ponce Health Sciences University, Ponce, PRI
- Pediatrics, Mayagüez Medical Center, Mayagüez, PRI
| | - Norman Ramírez
- Medicine, Universidad Central del Caribe, Bayamón, PRI
- Pediatric Orthopedic Surgery, Mayagüez Medical Center, Mayagüez, PRI
- Medicine, Ponce Health Sciences University, Ponce, PRI
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9
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Chen H, Sun C, Zheng Y, Yin J, Gao M, Zhao C, Lin J. A TRPV4 mutation caused Charcot-Marie-Tooth disease type 2C with scapuloperoneal muscular atrophy overlap syndrome and scapuloperoneal spinal muscular atrophy in one family: a case report and literature review. BMC Neurol 2023; 23:250. [PMID: 37391745 DOI: 10.1186/s12883-023-03260-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2023] [Accepted: 05/25/2023] [Indexed: 07/02/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Charcot-Marie-Tooth disease 2C (CMT2C) and scapuloperoneal spinal muscular atrophy (SPSMA) are different clinical phenotypes of TRPV4 mutation. The mutation of p.R316C has been reported to cause CMT2C and SPSMA separately. CASE PRESENTATION Here, we reported a Chinese family harboring the same p.R316C variant, but with an overlap syndrome and different clinical manifestations. A 58-year-old man presented with severe scapula muscle atrophy, resulting in sloping shoulders. He also exhibited distinct muscle atrophy in his four limbs, particularly in the lower limbs. The sural nerve biopsy revealed severe loss of myelinated nerve fibers with scattered regenerating clusters and pseudo-onion bulbs. Nerve conduction study showed axon damage in both motor and sensory nerves. Sensory nerve action potentials could not be evoked in bilateral sural or superficial peroneal nerves. He was diagnosed with Charcot-Marie-Tooth disease type 2C and scapuloperoneal muscular atrophy overlap syndrome, whereas his 27-year-old son was born with clubfoot and clinodactyly. Electromyogram examination indicated chronic neurogenic changes and anterior horn cells involvement. Although there was no obvious weakness or sensory symptoms, early SPSMA could be considered for him. CONCLUSIONS A literature review of the clinical characteristics in CMT2C and SPSMA patients with TRPV4 mutation suggested that our case was distinct due to the overlap syndrome and phenotype variation. Altogether, this case broadened the phenotype spectrum and provided the nerve biopsy pathological details of TRPV4-related neuropathies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haofeng Chen
- Department of Neurology, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, 12 Middle Wulumuqi Rd, Shanghai, 200040, China
- National Center for Neurological Diseases, 12 Middle Wulumuqi Rd, Shanghai, 200040, China
- Huashan Rare Disease Center, Huashan Hospital Fudan University, 12 Middle Wulumuqi Rd, Shanghai, 200040, China
| | - Chong Sun
- Department of Neurology, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, 12 Middle Wulumuqi Rd, Shanghai, 200040, China
- National Center for Neurological Diseases, 12 Middle Wulumuqi Rd, Shanghai, 200040, China
- Huashan Rare Disease Center, Huashan Hospital Fudan University, 12 Middle Wulumuqi Rd, Shanghai, 200040, China
| | - Yongsheng Zheng
- Department of Neurology, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, 12 Middle Wulumuqi Rd, Shanghai, 200040, China
- National Center for Neurological Diseases, 12 Middle Wulumuqi Rd, Shanghai, 200040, China
- Huashan Rare Disease Center, Huashan Hospital Fudan University, 12 Middle Wulumuqi Rd, Shanghai, 200040, China
| | - Junxiong Yin
- Department of Neurology, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, 12 Middle Wulumuqi Rd, Shanghai, 200040, China
- National Center for Neurological Diseases, 12 Middle Wulumuqi Rd, Shanghai, 200040, China
- Huashan Rare Disease Center, Huashan Hospital Fudan University, 12 Middle Wulumuqi Rd, Shanghai, 200040, China
| | - Mingshi Gao
- Department of Pathology, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, 12 Middle Wulumuqi Rd, Shanghai, 200040, China
| | - Chongbo Zhao
- Department of Neurology, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, 12 Middle Wulumuqi Rd, Shanghai, 200040, China
- National Center for Neurological Diseases, 12 Middle Wulumuqi Rd, Shanghai, 200040, China
- Huashan Rare Disease Center, Huashan Hospital Fudan University, 12 Middle Wulumuqi Rd, Shanghai, 200040, China
| | - Jie Lin
- Department of Neurology, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, 12 Middle Wulumuqi Rd, Shanghai, 200040, China.
- National Center for Neurological Diseases, 12 Middle Wulumuqi Rd, Shanghai, 200040, China.
- Huashan Rare Disease Center, Huashan Hospital Fudan University, 12 Middle Wulumuqi Rd, Shanghai, 200040, China.
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10
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Chuang YC, Chen CC. Force From Filaments: The Role of the Cytoskeleton and Extracellular Matrix in the Gating of Mechanosensitive Channels. Front Cell Dev Biol 2022; 10:886048. [PMID: 35586339 PMCID: PMC9108448 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2022.886048] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2022] [Accepted: 04/19/2022] [Indexed: 01/16/2023] Open
Abstract
The senses of proprioception, touch, hearing, and blood pressure on mechanosensitive ion channels that transduce mechanical stimuli with high sensitivity and speed. This conversion process is usually called mechanotransduction. From nematode MEC-4/10 to mammalian PIEZO1/2, mechanosensitive ion channels have evolved into several protein families that use variant gating models to convert different forms of mechanical force into electrical signals. In addition to the model of channel gating by stretching from lipid bilayers, another potent model is the opening of channels by force tethering: a membrane-bound channel is elastically tethered directly or indirectly between the cytoskeleton and the extracellular molecules, and the tethering molecules convey force to change the channel structure into an activation form. In general, the mechanical stimulation forces the extracellular structure to move relative to the cytoskeleton, deforming the most compliant component in the system that serves as a gating spring. Here we review recent studies focusing on the ion channel mechanically activated by a tethering force, the mechanotransduction-involved cytoskeletal protein, and the extracellular matrix. The mechanosensitive channel PIEZO2, DEG/ENaC family proteins such as acid-sensing ion channels, and transient receptor potential family members such as NompC are discussed. State-of-the-art techniques, such as polydimethylsiloxane indentation, the pillar array, and micropipette-guided ultrasound stimulation, which are beneficial tools for exploring the tether model, are also discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu-Chia Chuang
- Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Academia Sinica, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Chih-Cheng Chen
- Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Academia Sinica, Taipei, Taiwan
- Neuroscience Program of Academia Sinica, Academia Sinica, Taipei, Taiwan
- Taiwan Mouse Clinic, BioTReC, Academia Sinica, Taipei, Taiwan
- *Correspondence: Chih-Cheng Chen,
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11
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Taga A, Peyton MA, Goretzki B, Gallagher TQ, Ritter A, Harper A, Crawford TO, Hellmich UA, Sumner CJ, McCray BA. TRPV4 mutations causing mixed neuropathy and skeletal phenotypes result in severe gain of function. Ann Clin Transl Neurol 2022; 9:375-391. [PMID: 35170874 PMCID: PMC8935273 DOI: 10.1002/acn3.51523] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/29/2021] [Revised: 02/01/2022] [Accepted: 02/02/2022] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Distinct dominant mutations in the calcium-permeable ion channel TRPV4 (transient receptor potential vanilloid 4) typically cause nonoverlapping diseases of either the neuromuscular or skeletal systems. However, accumulating evidence suggests that some patients develop mixed phenotypes that include elements of both neuromuscular and skeletal disease. We sought to define the genetic and clinical features of these patients. METHODS We report a 2-year-old with a novel R616G mutation in TRPV4 with a severe neuropathy phenotype and bilateral vocal cord paralysis. Interestingly, a different substitution at the same residue, R616Q, has been reported in families with isolated skeletal dysplasia. To gain insight into clinical features and potential genetic determinants of mixed phenotypes, we perform in-depth analysis of previously reported patients along with functional and structural assessment of selected mutations. RESULTS We describe a wide range of neuromuscular and skeletal manifestations and highlight specific mutations that are more frequently associated with overlap syndromes. We find that mutations causing severe, mixed phenotypes have an earlier age of onset and result in more marked elevations of intracellular calcium, increased cytotoxicity, and reduced sensitivity to TRPV4 antagonism. Structural analysis of the two mutations with the most dramatic gain of ion channel function suggests that these mutants likely cause constitutive channel opening through disruption of the TRPV4 S5 transmembrane domain. INTERPRETATION These findings demonstrate that the degree of baseline calcium elevation correlates with development of mixed phenotypes and sensitivity to pharmacologic channel inhibition, observations that will be critical for the design of future clinical trials for TRPV4 channelopathies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Arens Taga
- Department of Neurology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, 21205, USA
| | - Margo A Peyton
- Department of Neurology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, 21205, USA
| | - Benedikt Goretzki
- Institute of Organic Chemistry and Macromolecular Chemistry, Friedrich Schiller University Jena, Jena, 07743, Germany.,Centre for Biomolecular Magnetic Resonance, Goethe-University, Frankfurt, 60438, Germany
| | - Thomas Q Gallagher
- Departments of Otolaryngology - Head & Neck Surgery & Pediatrics, Eastern Virginia Medical School, and Department of Pediatric Otolaryngology, Children's Hospital of the King's Daughters, Norfolk, Virginia, 23508, USA
| | - Ann Ritter
- Department of Neurosurgery, Virginia Commonwealth University Health System, Richmond, Virginia, 23298, USA
| | - Amy Harper
- Department of Neurology, Virginia Commonwealth University Health System, Richmond, Virginia, 23298, USA
| | - Thomas O Crawford
- Department of Neurology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, 21205, USA
| | - Ute A Hellmich
- Institute of Organic Chemistry and Macromolecular Chemistry, Friedrich Schiller University Jena, Jena, 07743, Germany.,Centre for Biomolecular Magnetic Resonance, Goethe-University, Frankfurt, 60438, Germany
| | - Charlotte J Sumner
- Department of Neurology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, 21205, USA.,The Solomon H. Snyder Department of Neuroscience, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, 21205, USA
| | - Brett A McCray
- Department of Neurology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, 21205, USA
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12
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Gowda VK, Srinivasan VM, Reddy VM, Vamyanmane DK, Shivappa SK, Ramesh RH, Vishwanathan GB. Compressive Myelopathy Secondary to TRPV4 Skeletal Dysplasia: Spondylometaphyseal Dysplasia, Kozlowski Type. J Pediatr Genet 2022. [DOI: 10.1055/s-0041-1741424] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Abstract
AbstractTransient receptor potential vanilloid 4 channel (TRPV4) gene mutations have been described in skeletal system and peripheral nervous system pathology. The case described here is a 9-year-old male child patient, born to a nonconsanguineous marriage with normal birth history who had difficulty in walking and stiffness of joints for the last 7 years, and progressive weakness of all four limbs and urine incontinence for 1 year following falls. Physical examination showed below-average weight and height and short trunk. Musculoskeletal examination revealed bony prominence bilaterally in the knee joints and contractures in knee and elbow joints with brachydactyly; muscle tone was increased, with brisk deep tendon reflexes. Skeletal survey showed platyspondyly with anterior beaking with metaphyseal dysplasia. Magnetic resonance imaging of the spine revealed atlantoaxial instability with hyperintense signal changes at a cervicomedullary junction and upper cervical cord with thinning and spinal canal stenosis suggestive of compressive myelopathy with platyspondyly and anterior beaking of the spine at cervical, thoracic and lumbar vertebrae. Exome sequencing revealed a heterozygous de novo variant c.2389G > A in exon 15 of TRPV4, which results in the amino acid substitution p.Glu797Lys in the encoded protein. The characteristics observed indicated spondylometaphyseal dysplasia, Kozlowski type (SMD-K). The child underwent surgical intervention for compressive myelopathy by reduction of atlantoaxial dislocation with C1 lateral mass and C2 pars fusion using rib graft and fixation using screws and rods. To conclude, for any child presenting with progressive kyphoscoliosis, short stature, platyspondyly, and metaphyseal changes, a diagnosis of SMD-K should be considered and the patient and family should be advised to avoid spinal injuries.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vykuntaraju K. Gowda
- Department of Pediatric Neurology, Indira Gandhi Institute of Child Health, Bengaluru, Karnataka, India
| | - Varunvenkat M. Srinivasan
- Department of Pediatric Neurology, Indira Gandhi Institute of Child Health, Bengaluru, Karnataka, India
| | - Varsha M. Reddy
- Department of Pediatric Neurology, Indira Gandhi Institute of Child Health, Bengaluru, Karnataka, India
| | - Dhananjaya K. Vamyanmane
- Department of Pediatric Radiology, Indira Gandhi Institute of Child Health, Bengaluru, Karnataka, India
| | - Sanjay K. Shivappa
- Department of Pediatric Medicine, Indira Gandhi Institute of Child Health, Bengaluru, Karnataka, India
| | - Rohih H. Ramesh
- Deparment of Pediatrics, BGS Global Institute of Medical Sciences, Bengaluru, India
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13
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Role of TRPV4 in skeletal function and its mutant-mediated skeletal disorders. CURRENT TOPICS IN MEMBRANES 2022; 89:221-246. [DOI: 10.1016/bs.ctm.2022.07.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
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14
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Maggi L, Bonanno S, Altamura C, Desaphy JF. Ion Channel Gene Mutations Causing Skeletal Muscle Disorders: Pathomechanisms and Opportunities for Therapy. Cells 2021; 10:cells10061521. [PMID: 34208776 PMCID: PMC8234207 DOI: 10.3390/cells10061521] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2021] [Revised: 06/03/2021] [Accepted: 06/10/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Skeletal muscle ion channelopathies (SMICs) are a large heterogeneous group of rare genetic disorders caused by mutations in genes encoding ion channel subunits in the skeletal muscle mainly characterized by myotonia or periodic paralysis, potentially resulting in long-term disabilities. However, with the development of new molecular technologies, new genes and new phenotypes, including progressive myopathies, have been recently discovered, markedly increasing the complexity in the field. In this regard, new advances in SMICs show a less conventional role of ion channels in muscle cell division, proliferation, differentiation, and survival. Hence, SMICs represent an expanding and exciting field. Here, we review current knowledge of SMICs, with a description of their clinical phenotypes, cellular and molecular pathomechanisms, and available treatments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lorenzo Maggi
- Neuroimmunology and Neuromuscular Disorders Unit, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Neurologico Carlo Besta, 20133 Milan, Italy;
- Correspondence:
| | - Silvia Bonanno
- Neuroimmunology and Neuromuscular Disorders Unit, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Neurologico Carlo Besta, 20133 Milan, Italy;
| | - Concetta Altamura
- Department of Biomedical Sciences and Human Oncology, School of Medicine, University of Bari Aldo Moro, 70124 Bari, Italy; (C.A.); (J.-F.D.)
| | - Jean-François Desaphy
- Department of Biomedical Sciences and Human Oncology, School of Medicine, University of Bari Aldo Moro, 70124 Bari, Italy; (C.A.); (J.-F.D.)
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15
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Ürel-Demir G, Şimşek-Kiper PÖ, Öncel İ, Utine GE, Haliloğlu G, Boduroğlu K. Natural history of TRPV4-Related disorders: From skeletal dysplasia to neuromuscular phenotype. Eur J Paediatr Neurol 2021; 32:46-55. [PMID: 33774370 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejpn.2021.03.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2020] [Revised: 03/10/2021] [Accepted: 03/10/2021] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
TRPV4-related disorders constitute a broad spectrum of clinical phenotypes including several genetic skeletal and neuromuscular disorders, in which clinical variability and somewhat overlapping features are present. These disorders have previously been considered to be clinically distinct phenotypes before their molecular basis was discovered. However, with the identification of TRPV4 variants in the etiology, they are referred as TRPV4-related disorders (TRPV4-pathies), and are now mainly grouped into skeletal dysplasias and neuromuscular disorders. The skeletal dysplasia group includes metatropic dysplasia, parastremmatic dysplasia, spondyloepiphyseal dysplasia Maroteaux type, spondylometaphyseal dysplasia Kozlowski type, autosomal dominant brachyolmia, and familial digital arthropathy-brachydactyly, whereas the neuromuscular group includes congenital distal spinal muscular atrophy (SMA), scapuloperoneal SMA and Charcot-Marie-Tooth neuropathy type 2C with common manifestations of peripheral neuropathy, joint contractures, and respiratory system involvement. Apart from familial digital arthropathy-brachydactyly, skeletal dysplasia associated with TRPV4 pathogenic variants share some clinical features such as short stature with short trunk, spinal and pelvic changes with varying degrees of long bone involvement. Of note, there is considerable phenotypic overlap within and between both groups. Herein, we report on the clinical and molecular spectrum of 11 patients from six different families diagnosed with TRPV4-related disorders. This study yet represents the largest cohort of patients with TRPV4 variants from a single center in Turkey.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gizem Ürel-Demir
- Department of Pediatric Genetics, Department of Pediatrics, Hacettepe University Faculty of Medicine, Ankara, Turkey.
| | - Pelin Özlem Şimşek-Kiper
- Department of Pediatric Genetics, Department of Pediatrics, Hacettepe University Faculty of Medicine, Ankara, Turkey
| | - İbrahim Öncel
- Department of Pediatric Neurology, Department of Pediatrics, Hacettepe University Faculty of Medicine, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Gülen Eda Utine
- Department of Pediatric Genetics, Department of Pediatrics, Hacettepe University Faculty of Medicine, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Göknur Haliloğlu
- Department of Pediatric Neurology, Department of Pediatrics, Hacettepe University Faculty of Medicine, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Koray Boduroğlu
- Department of Pediatric Genetics, Department of Pediatrics, Hacettepe University Faculty of Medicine, Ankara, Turkey
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16
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Sun X, Kato H, Sato H, Torio M, Han X, Zhang Y, Hirofuji Y, Kato TA, Sakai Y, Ohga S, Fukumoto S, Masuda K. Impaired neurite development and mitochondrial dysfunction associated with calcium accumulation in dopaminergic neurons differentiated from the dental pulp stem cells of a patient with metatropic dysplasia. Biochem Biophys Rep 2021; 26:100968. [PMID: 33748438 PMCID: PMC7960789 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrep.2021.100968] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/19/2020] [Revised: 12/22/2020] [Accepted: 02/22/2021] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Transient receptor potential vanilloid member 4 (TRPV4) is a Ca2+ permeable nonselective cation channel, and mutations in the TRPV4 gene cause congenital skeletal dysplasias and peripheral neuropathies. Although TRPV4 is widely expressed in the brain, few studies have assessed the pathogenesis of TRPV4 mutations in the brain. We aimed to elucidate the pathological associations between a specific TRPV4 mutation and neurodevelopmental defects using dopaminergic neurons (DNs) differentiated from dental pulp stem cells (DPSCs). DPSCs were isolated from a patient with metatropic dysplasia and multiple neuropsychiatric symptoms caused by a gain-of-function TRPV4 mutation, c.1855C>T (p.L619F). The mutation was corrected by CRISPR/Cas9 to obtain isogenic control DPSCs. Mutant DPSCs differentiated into DNs without undergoing apoptosis; however, neurite development was significantly impaired in mutant vs. control DNs. Mutant DNs also showed accumulation of mitochondrial Ca2+ and reactive oxygen species, low adenosine triphosphate levels despite a high mitochondrial membrane potential, and lower peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma coactivator 1-alpha expression and mitochondrial content. These results suggested that the persistent Ca2+ entry through the constitutively activated TRPV4 might perturb the adaptive coordination of multiple mitochondrial functions, including oxidative phosphorylation, redox control, and biogenesis, required for dopaminergic circuit development in the brain. Thus, certain mutations in TRPV4 that are associated with skeletal dysplasia might have pathogenic effects on brain development, and mitochondria might be a potential therapeutic target to alleviate the neuropsychiatric symptoms of TRPV4-related diseases.
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Key Words
- ATP, adenosine triphosphate
- DN, dopaminergic neuron
- DPSC, dental pulp stem cell
- Dental pulp stem cells
- Dopaminergic neuron
- MD, metatropic dysplasia
- MPP, mitochondrial membrane potential
- Metatropic dysplasia
- Mitochondria
- NURR1, nuclear receptor related 1
- PGC-1α, peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma coactivator 1-alpha
- ROS, reactive oxygen species
- RPL13A, 60S ribosomal protein L13a
- Reactive oxygen species
- SOD, superoxide dismutase
- TRPV4, transient receptor potential vanilloid member 4
- Transient receptor potential vanilloid 4
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiao Sun
- Section of Oral Medicine for Children, Division of Oral Health, Growth and Development, Faculty of Dental Science, Kyushu University, Maidashi 3-1-1, Higashi-Ku, Fukuoka, 812-8582, Japan
| | - Hiroki Kato
- Section of Oral Medicine for Children, Division of Oral Health, Growth and Development, Faculty of Dental Science, Kyushu University, Maidashi 3-1-1, Higashi-Ku, Fukuoka, 812-8582, Japan
| | - Hiroshi Sato
- Section of Oral Medicine for Children, Division of Oral Health, Growth and Development, Faculty of Dental Science, Kyushu University, Maidashi 3-1-1, Higashi-Ku, Fukuoka, 812-8582, Japan
| | - Michiko Torio
- Department of Pediatrics, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, Maidashi 3-1-1, Higashi-Ku, Fukuoka, 812-8582, Japan
| | - Xu Han
- Section of Oral Medicine for Children, Division of Oral Health, Growth and Development, Faculty of Dental Science, Kyushu University, Maidashi 3-1-1, Higashi-Ku, Fukuoka, 812-8582, Japan
| | - Yu Zhang
- Section of Oral Medicine for Children, Division of Oral Health, Growth and Development, Faculty of Dental Science, Kyushu University, Maidashi 3-1-1, Higashi-Ku, Fukuoka, 812-8582, Japan
| | - Yuta Hirofuji
- Section of Oral Medicine for Children, Division of Oral Health, Growth and Development, Faculty of Dental Science, Kyushu University, Maidashi 3-1-1, Higashi-Ku, Fukuoka, 812-8582, Japan
| | - Takahiro A Kato
- Department of Neuropsychiatry, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, Maidashi 3-1-1, Higashi-Ku, Fukuoka, 812-8582, Japan
| | - Yasunari Sakai
- Department of Pediatrics, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, Maidashi 3-1-1, Higashi-Ku, Fukuoka, 812-8582, Japan
| | - Shouichi Ohga
- Department of Pediatrics, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, Maidashi 3-1-1, Higashi-Ku, Fukuoka, 812-8582, Japan
| | - Satoshi Fukumoto
- Section of Oral Medicine for Children, Division of Oral Health, Growth and Development, Faculty of Dental Science, Kyushu University, Maidashi 3-1-1, Higashi-Ku, Fukuoka, 812-8582, Japan
| | - Keiji Masuda
- Section of Oral Medicine for Children, Division of Oral Health, Growth and Development, Faculty of Dental Science, Kyushu University, Maidashi 3-1-1, Higashi-Ku, Fukuoka, 812-8582, Japan
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17
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Beijer D, Baets J. The expanding genetic landscape of hereditary motor neuropathies. Brain 2021; 143:3540-3563. [PMID: 33210134 DOI: 10.1093/brain/awaa311] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/29/2020] [Revised: 07/15/2020] [Accepted: 07/27/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Hereditary motor neuropathies are clinically and genetically diverse disorders characterized by length-dependent axonal degeneration of lower motor neurons. Although currently as many as 26 causal genes are known, there is considerable missing heritability compared to other inherited neuropathies such as Charcot-Marie-Tooth disease. Intriguingly, this genetic landscape spans a discrete number of key biological processes within the peripheral nerve. Also, in terms of underlying pathophysiology, hereditary motor neuropathies show striking overlap with several other neuromuscular and neurological disorders. In this review, we provide a current overview of the genetic spectrum of hereditary motor neuropathies highlighting recent reports of novel genes and mutations or recent discoveries in the underlying disease mechanisms. In addition, we link hereditary motor neuropathies with various related disorders by addressing the main affected pathways of disease divided into five major processes: axonal transport, tRNA aminoacylation, RNA metabolism and DNA integrity, ion channels and transporters and endoplasmic reticulum.
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Affiliation(s)
- Danique Beijer
- Translational Neurosciences, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Antwerp, Belgium.,Laboratory of Neuromuscular Pathology, Institute Born-Bunge, University of Antwerp, Belgium
| | - Jonathan Baets
- Translational Neurosciences, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Antwerp, Belgium.,Laboratory of Neuromuscular Pathology, Institute Born-Bunge, University of Antwerp, Belgium.,Neuromuscular Reference Centre, Department of Neurology, Antwerp University Hospital, Belgium
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18
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Foote AG, Thibeault SL. Sensory Innervation of the Larynx and the Search for Mucosal Mechanoreceptors. JOURNAL OF SPEECH, LANGUAGE, AND HEARING RESEARCH : JSLHR 2021; 64:371-391. [PMID: 33465318 PMCID: PMC8632506 DOI: 10.1044/2020_jslhr-20-00350] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2020] [Revised: 09/19/2020] [Accepted: 10/28/2020] [Indexed: 05/03/2023]
Abstract
Purpose The larynx is a uniquely situated organ, juxtaposed between the gastrointestinal and respiratory tracts, and endures considerable immunological challenges while providing reflexogenic responses via putative mucosal mechanoreceptor afferents. Laryngeal afferents mediate precise monitoring of sensory events by relay to the internal branch of the superior laryngeal nerve (iSLN). Exposure to a variety of stimuli (e.g., mechanical, chemical, thermal) at the mucosa-airway interface has likely evolved a diverse array of specialized sensory afferents for rapid laryngeal control. Accordingly, mucosal mechanoreceptors in demarcated laryngeal territories have been hypothesized as primary sources of sensory input. The purpose of this article is to provide a tutorial on current evidence for laryngeal afferent receptors in mucosa, the role of mechano-gated ion channels within airway epithelia and mechanisms for mechanoreceptors implicated in laryngeal health and disease. Method An overview was conducted on the distribution and identity of iSLN-mediated afferent receptors in the larynx, with specific focus on mechanoreceptors and their functional roles in airway mucosa. Results/Conclusions Laryngeal somatosensation at the cell and molecular level is still largely unexplored. This tutorial consolidates various animal and human researches, with translational emphasis provided for the importance of mucosal mechanoreceptors to normal and abnormal laryngeal function. Information presented in this tutorial has relevance to both clinical and research arenas. Improved understanding of iSLN innervation and corresponding mechanotransduction events will help shed light upon a variety of pathological reflex responses, including persistent cough, dysphonia, and laryngospasm.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexander G. Foote
- Division of Otolaryngology–Head and Neck Surgery, University of Wisconsin–Madison
| | - Susan L. Thibeault
- Division of Otolaryngology–Head and Neck Surgery, University of Wisconsin–Madison
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19
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TRPing to the Point of Clarity: Understanding the Function of the Complex TRPV4 Ion Channel. Cells 2021; 10:cells10010165. [PMID: 33467654 PMCID: PMC7830798 DOI: 10.3390/cells10010165] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/03/2020] [Revised: 01/12/2021] [Accepted: 01/13/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
The transient receptor potential vanilloid 4 channel (TRPV4) belongs to the mammalian TRP superfamily of cation channels. TRPV4 is ubiquitously expressed, activated by a disparate array of stimuli, interacts with a multitude of proteins, and is modulated by a range of post-translational modifications, the majority of which we are only just beginning to understand. Not surprisingly, a great number of physiological roles have emerged for TRPV4, as have various disease states that are attributable to the absence, or abnormal functioning, of this ion channel. This review will highlight structural features of TRPV4, endogenous and exogenous activators of the channel, and discuss the reported roles of TRPV4 in health and disease.
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20
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Liu Y, Yan X, Chen Y, He Z, Ouyang Y. Novel TRPV4 mutation in a large Chinese family with congenital distal spinal muscular atrophy, skeletal dysplasia and scaly skin. J Neurol Sci 2020; 419:117153. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jns.2020.117153] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2020] [Revised: 09/20/2020] [Accepted: 09/21/2020] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
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21
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Guarino BD, Paruchuri S, Thodeti CK. The role of TRPV4 channels in ocular function and pathologies. Exp Eye Res 2020; 201:108257. [PMID: 32979394 DOI: 10.1016/j.exer.2020.108257] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/06/2020] [Revised: 09/17/2020] [Accepted: 09/18/2020] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Transient potential receptor vanilloid 4 (TRPV4) is an ion channel responsible for sensing osmotic and mechanical signals, which in turn regulates calcium signaling across cell membranes. TRPV4 is widely expressed throughout the body, and plays an important role in normal physiological function, as well as different pathologies, however, its role in the eye is not well known. In the eye, TRPV4 is expressed in various tissues, such as the retina, corneal epithelium, ciliary body, and the lens. In this review, we provide an overview on TRPV4 structure, activation, mutations, and summarize the current knowledge of TRPV4 function and signaling mechanisms in various locations throughout the eye, as well as its role in ocular diseases, such as glaucoma and diabetic retinopathy. Based on the available data, we highlight the therapeutic potential of TRPV4 as well as the shortcomings of current research. Finally, we provide future perspectives on the implications of targeting TRPV4 to treat various ocular pathologies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Brianna D Guarino
- Department of Integrative Medical Sciences, Northeast Ohio Medical University, Rootstown, OH, 44272, USA
| | | | - Charles K Thodeti
- Department of Integrative Medical Sciences, Northeast Ohio Medical University, Rootstown, OH, 44272, USA.
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22
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Abstract
Mutations in the calcium channel gene Transient Receptor Potential cation channel subfamily V member 4 (TRPV4) cause autosomal dominant skeletal dysplasia, with phenotypes ranging from mild to perinatal lethality. A recent report detailed enhanced proplatelet formation and increased murine platelet count in the context of TRPV4 activation. No prior reports have described platelet count abnormalities in human TRPV4 disease. Here, we report a case of prolonged thrombocytosis in the context of TRPV4-associated metatropic dysplasia that was lethal in the infantile period.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christopher S Thom
- Division of Neonatology, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Erik Brandsma
- Division of Neonatology, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Michele P Lambert
- Division of Hematology, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA, USA
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23
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Deng S, Feely SME, Shi Y, Zhai H, Zhan L, Siddique T, Deng HX, Shy ME. Incidence and Clinical Features of TRPV4-Linked Axonal Neuropathies in a USA Cohort of Charcot-Marie-Tooth Disease Type 2. Neuromolecular Med 2019; 22:68-72. [PMID: 31468327 DOI: 10.1007/s12017-019-08564-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2019] [Accepted: 08/20/2019] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
Mutations in TRPV4 are linked to a group of clinically distinct, but also overlapping axonal neuropathies, including Charcot-Marie-Tooth disease type 2C (CMT2C), scapuloperoneal spinal muscular atrophy, and congenital distal spinal muscular atrophy. The incidence of TRPV4-linked cases ranges from 0 to 7% in overall axonal neuropathy cohorts from European countries and Australia. However, the data from other areas remain largely unknown. In this study, we screened for TRPV4 mutations in a well-characterized USA cohort of 62 unrelated CMT2 patients without mutations in MFN2, GARS, NEFL, and GDAP1. All 15 coding exons of TRPV4 were analyzed by Sanger-sequencing. Clinical features of TRPV4-linked patients were compared with those lacking TRPV4 mutations. We identified two TRPV4 mutations in two patients. A TRPV4-R316C was identified in a patient with family history, while a TRPV4-R269C in an apparently sporadic case. Marked clinical variations were observed in the patients with TRPV4 mutations. Our data suggest that TRPV4-linked CMT2C accounts for a sizable fraction in this USA cohort of CMT2; it has a wide phenotypic spectrum, and vocal cord paralysis, scapular weakness and wasting, skeletal dysplasia, and hearing loss are suggestive signs for TRPV4-linked CMT2C.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sheng Deng
- The Ken and Ruth Davee Department of Neurology, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL, USA
- Department of Pharmacy, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Shawna M E Feely
- Department of Neurology, Carver College of Medicine, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA, USA
| | - Yong Shi
- The Ken and Ruth Davee Department of Neurology, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Hong Zhai
- The Ken and Ruth Davee Department of Neurology, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Luna Zhan
- The Ken and Ruth Davee Department of Neurology, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Teepu Siddique
- The Ken and Ruth Davee Department of Neurology, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Han-Xiang Deng
- The Ken and Ruth Davee Department of Neurology, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL, USA.
- The Ken and Ruth Davee Department of Neurology and Clinical Neurosciences, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Tarry Building, Room 13-715, 303 East Chicago Avenue, Chicago, IL, 60611, USA.
| | - Michael E Shy
- Department of Neurology, Carver College of Medicine, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA, USA.
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24
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Ota W, Nakane Y, Kashio M, Suzuki Y, Nakamura K, Mori Y, Tominaga M, Yoshimura T. Involvement of TRPM2 and TRPM8 in temperature-dependent masking behavior. Sci Rep 2019; 9:3706. [PMID: 30842533 PMCID: PMC6403366 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-019-40067-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2018] [Accepted: 02/07/2019] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Masking is a direct behavioral response to environmental changes and plays an important role in the temporal distribution of activity. However, the mechanisms responsible for masking remain unclear. Here we identify thermosensors and a possible neural circuit regulating temperature-dependent masking behavior in mice. Analysis of mice lacking thermosensitive transient receptor potential (TRP) channels (Trpv1/3/4 and Trpm2/8) reveals that temperature-dependent masking is impaired in Trpm2- and Trpm8-null mice. Several brain regions are activated during temperature-dependent masking, including the preoptic area (POA), known as the thermoregulatory center, the suprachiasmatic nucleus (SCN), which is the primary circadian pacemaker, the paraventricular nucleus of the thalamus (PVT), and the nucleus accumbens (NAc). The POA, SCN, PVT are interconnected, and the PVT sends dense projections to the NAc, a key brain region involved in wheel-running activity. Partial chemical lesion of the PVT attenuates masking, suggesting the involvement of the PVT in temperature-dependent masking behavior.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wataru Ota
- Institute of Transformative Bio-Molecules (WPI-ITbM), Nagoya University, Furo-cho, Chikusa-ku, Nagoya, 464-8601, Japan.,Laboratory of Animal Integrative Physiology, Graduate School of Bioagricultural Sciences, Nagoya University, Furo-cho, Chikusa-ku, Nagoya, 464-8601, Japan
| | - Yusuke Nakane
- Institute of Transformative Bio-Molecules (WPI-ITbM), Nagoya University, Furo-cho, Chikusa-ku, Nagoya, 464-8601, Japan.,Laboratory of Animal Integrative Physiology, Graduate School of Bioagricultural Sciences, Nagoya University, Furo-cho, Chikusa-ku, Nagoya, 464-8601, Japan
| | - Makiko Kashio
- Department of Physiology, Aichi Medical University, 1-1 Yazakokarimata, Nagakute, 480-1195, Japan
| | - Yoshiro Suzuki
- Division of Cell Signaling, National Institute for Physiological Sciences, National Institutes of Natural Sciences, 5-1 Higashiyama, Myodaiji, Okazaki, 444-8787, Japan.,Thermal Biology Group, Exploratory Research Center on Life and Living Systems, National Institutes of Natural Sciences, 5-1 Higashiyama, Myodaiji, Okazaki, 444-8787, Japan
| | - Kazuhiro Nakamura
- Department of Integrative Physiology, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, 65 Tsurumai-cho, Showa-ku, Nagoya, 466-8550, Japan
| | - Yasuo Mori
- Department of Synthetic Chemistry and Biological Chemistry, Graduate School of Engineering, Kyoto University, Nishikyo-ku, Kyoto, 615-8510, Japan
| | - Makoto Tominaga
- Division of Cell Signaling, National Institute for Physiological Sciences, National Institutes of Natural Sciences, 5-1 Higashiyama, Myodaiji, Okazaki, 444-8787, Japan.,Thermal Biology Group, Exploratory Research Center on Life and Living Systems, National Institutes of Natural Sciences, 5-1 Higashiyama, Myodaiji, Okazaki, 444-8787, Japan
| | - Takashi Yoshimura
- Institute of Transformative Bio-Molecules (WPI-ITbM), Nagoya University, Furo-cho, Chikusa-ku, Nagoya, 464-8601, Japan. .,Laboratory of Animal Integrative Physiology, Graduate School of Bioagricultural Sciences, Nagoya University, Furo-cho, Chikusa-ku, Nagoya, 464-8601, Japan. .,Avian Bioscience Research Center, Graduate School of Bioagricultural Sciences, Nagoya University, Furo-cho, Chikusa-ku, Nagoya, 464-8601, Japan. .,Division of Seasonal Biology, National Institute for Basic Biology, National Institutes of Natural Sciences, 38 Nishigonaka, Myodaiji, Okazaki, 444-8585, Japan.
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25
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Faye E, Modaff P, Pauli R, Legare J. Combined Phenotypes of Spondylometaphyseal Dysplasia-Kozlowski Type and Charcot-Marie-Tooth Disease Type 2C Secondary to a TRPV4 Pathogenic Variant. Mol Syndromol 2018; 10:154-160. [PMID: 31191204 DOI: 10.1159/000495778] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 11/16/2018] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
TRPV4, a nonselective calcium permeable ion channel, is expressed broadly in many organs including bone and neurons. Pathogenic variants in TRPV4 are known to cause both a spectrum of skeletal dysplasias and neuropathies. Recent publications have documented a few patients who have a combined phenotype of skeletal dysplasia and neuropathy secondary to TRPV4 pathogenic variants. We present an additional patient who has an overlapping neuromuscular and skeletal phenotype secondary to a TRPV4 pathogenic variant. The patient has spondylometaphyseal dysplasia-Kozlowski type and Charcot-Marie-Tooth disease type 2C. This and prior reports illustrate that TRPV4-related skeletal dysplasias and TRPV4-related neuropathies are not fully distinct disorders secondary to unique sets of pathogenic variants as originally postulated, but rather are 2 phenotypes on the same spectrum that may or may not overlap. We suggest that evaluation for patients presenting with any TRPV4-related disorder include assessment for both skeletal and neurological findings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eden Faye
- University of Wisconsin School of Medicine and Public Health, Madison, WI, USA
| | - Peggy Modaff
- University of Wisconsin School of Medicine and Public Health, Madison, WI, USA
| | - Richard Pauli
- University of Wisconsin School of Medicine and Public Health, Madison, WI, USA
| | - Janet Legare
- University of Wisconsin School of Medicine and Public Health, Madison, WI, USA
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26
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Jędrzejowska M, Dębek E, Kowalczyk B, Halat P, Kostera-Pruszczyk A, Ciara E, Jezela-Stanek A, Rydzanicz M, Gasperowicz P, Gos M. The remarkable phenotypic variability of the p.Arg269HiS variant in the TRPV4
gene. Muscle Nerve 2018; 59:129-133. [DOI: 10.1002/mus.26346] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2017] [Revised: 09/09/2018] [Accepted: 09/11/2018] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Maria Jędrzejowska
- Neuromuscular Unit, Mossakowski Medical Research Centre, Polish Academy of Sciences; Warsaw Poland
- Department of Medical Genetics; The Children's Memorial Health Institute; Warsaw Poland
| | - Emilia Dębek
- Department of Medical Genetics; Institute of Mother and Child; Kasprzaka 17a St, 01-211, Warsaw Poland
| | - Bartłomiej Kowalczyk
- Orthopedic Trauma Department; University Children's Hospital of Cracow; Cracow Poland
| | - Paulina Halat
- Department of Medical Genetics; The Children's Memorial Health Institute; Warsaw Poland
| | | | - Elżbieta Ciara
- Department of Medical Genetics; The Children's Memorial Health Institute; Warsaw Poland
| | | | | | - Piotr Gasperowicz
- Department of Medical Genetics; Medical University of Warsaw; Warsaw Poland
| | - Monika Gos
- Department of Medical Genetics; Institute of Mother and Child; Kasprzaka 17a St, 01-211, Warsaw Poland
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27
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Burren CP, Caswell R, Castle B, Welch CR, Hilliard TN, Smithson SF, Ellard S. TRPV6 compound heterozygous variants result in impaired placental calcium transport and severe undermineralization and dysplasia of the fetal skeleton. Am J Med Genet A 2018; 176:1950-1955. [PMID: 30144375 PMCID: PMC6563443 DOI: 10.1002/ajmg.a.40484] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/16/2018] [Revised: 06/29/2018] [Accepted: 06/29/2018] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
Transient receptor potential vanilloid 6 (TRPV6) functions in tetramer form for calcium transport. Until now, TRPV6 has not been linked with skeletal development disorders. An infant with antenatal onset thoracic insufficiency required significant ventilatory support. Skeletal survey showed generalized marked undermineralization, hypoplastic fractured ribs, metaphyseal fractures, and extensive periosteal reaction along femoral, tibial, and humeral diaphyses. Parathyroid hormone (PTH) elevation (53.4-101 pmol/L) initially suggested PTH signaling disorders. Progressively, biochemical normalization with radiological mineralization suggested recovery from in utero pathophysiology. Genomic testing was undertaken and in silico protein modeling of variants. No abnormalities in antenatal CGH array or UPD14 testing. Postnatal molecular genetic analysis found no causative variants in CASR, GNA11, APS21, or a 336 gene skeletal dysplasia panel investigated by whole exome sequencing. Trio exome analysis identified compound heterozygous TRPV6 likely pathogenic variants: novel maternally inherited missense variant, c.1978G > C p.(Gly660Arg), and paternally inherited nonsense variant, c.1528C > T p.(Arg510Ter), confirming recessive inheritance. p.(Gly660Arg) generates a large side chain protruding from the C-terminal hook into the interface with the adjacent TRPV6 subunit. In silico protein modeling suggests steric clashes between interface residues, decreased C-terminal hook, and TRPV6 tetramer stability. The p.(Gly660Arg) variant is predicted to result in profound loss of TRPV6 activity. This first case of a novel dysplasia features severe but improving perinatal abnormalities. The TRPV6 compound heterozygous variants appear likely to interfere with fetoplacental calcium transfer crucial for in utero skeletal development. Astute clinical interpretation of evolving perinatal abnormalities remains valuable in complex calcium and bone pathophysiology and informs exome sequencing interpretation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christine P. Burren
- Department of Paediatric Endocrinology, Bristol Royal Hospital for ChildrenUniversity Hospitals Bristol NHS Foundation TrustBristolUnited Kingdom
- Bristol Medical School Translational Health SciencesUniversity of BristolBristolUnited Kingdom
| | - Richard Caswell
- Institute of Biomedical and Clinical ScienceUniversity of ExeterExeterUnited Kingdom
| | - Bruce Castle
- Department of Clinical GeneticsRoyal Devon & Exeter HospitalExeterUnited Kingdom
| | - C. Ross Welch
- Department of Fetomaternal MedicineDerriford HospitalPlymouthUnited Kingdom
| | - Tom N. Hilliard
- Department of Paediatric Respiratory Medicine, Bristol Royal Hospital for ChildrenUniversity Hospitals Bristol NHS Foundation TrustBristolUnited Kingdom
| | - Sarah F. Smithson
- Bristol Medical School Translational Health SciencesUniversity of BristolBristolUnited Kingdom
- Department of Clinical Genetics, St Michaels HospitalUniversity Hospitals Bristol NHS Foundation TrustBristolUnited Kingdom
| | - Sian Ellard
- Institute of Biomedical and Clinical ScienceUniversity of ExeterExeterUnited Kingdom
- Department of Molecular GeneticsRoyal Devon & Exeter HospitalExeterUnited Kingdom
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28
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Thibodeau ML, Peters CH, Townsend KN, Shen Y, Hendson G, Adam S, Selby K, Macleod PM, Gershome C, Ruben P, Jones SJM, Friedman JM, Gibson WT, Horvath GA. Compound heterozygous TRPV4 mutations in two siblings with a complex phenotype including severe intellectual disability and neuropathy. Am J Med Genet A 2017; 173:3087-3092. [PMID: 28898540 DOI: 10.1002/ajmg.a.38400] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2016] [Revised: 06/22/2017] [Accepted: 07/24/2017] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
TRPV4 encodes a polymodal calcium-permeable plasma membrane channel. Dominant pathogenic mutations in TRPV4 lead to a wide spectrum of abnormal phenotypes. This is the first report of biallelic TRPV4 mutations and we describe two compound heterozygous siblings presenting with a complex phenotype including severe neuromuscular involvement. In light of previously well described dominant inheritance for TRPV4-related neuromuscular disease, our study suggests a role for compound heterozygosity and loss-of-function as a potential novel disease mechanism for this group of disorders. Profound intellectual disability was also noted in both affected children, suggesting that TRPV4 may be necessary for normal brain development.
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Affiliation(s)
- My Linh Thibodeau
- Department of Medical Genetics, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada
| | - Colin H Peters
- Department of Biomedical Physiology and Kinesiology, Simon Fraser University, Burnaby, Canada
| | - Katelin N Townsend
- Department of Medical Genetics, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada.,BC Children's Hospital Research Institute, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada
| | - Yaoqing Shen
- Canada's Michael Smith Genome Sciences Centre, Vancouver, Canada
| | - Glenda Hendson
- Department of Anatomic Pathology, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada
| | - Shelin Adam
- Department of Medical Genetics, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada
| | - Kathryn Selby
- Department of Pediatrics, Division of Pediatric Neurology, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada
| | - Patrick M Macleod
- Victoria General Hospital, Division of Medical Genetics, Victoria, Canada
| | - Cynthia Gershome
- Department of Biomedical Physiology and Kinesiology, Simon Fraser University, Burnaby, Canada
| | - Peter Ruben
- Department of Biomedical Physiology and Kinesiology, Simon Fraser University, Burnaby, Canada
| | - Steven J M Jones
- Department of Medical Genetics, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada.,Canada's Michael Smith Genome Sciences Centre, Vancouver, Canada
| | | | - Jan M Friedman
- Department of Medical Genetics, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada
| | - William T Gibson
- Department of Medical Genetics, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada
| | - Gabriella A Horvath
- Department of Pediatrics, Division of Biochemical Diseases, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada
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29
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Juntas Morales R, Pageot N, Taieb G, Camu W. Adult-onset spinal muscular atrophy: An update. Rev Neurol (Paris) 2017; 173:308-319. [DOI: 10.1016/j.neurol.2017.03.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/04/2016] [Revised: 03/01/2017] [Accepted: 03/28/2017] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
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30
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Hofmann L, Wang H, Zheng W, Philipp SE, Hidalgo P, Cavalié A, Chen XZ, Beck A, Flockerzi V. The S4---S5 linker - gearbox of TRP channel gating. Cell Calcium 2017; 67:156-165. [PMID: 28416203 DOI: 10.1016/j.ceca.2017.04.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2017] [Revised: 04/03/2017] [Accepted: 04/03/2017] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Abstract
Transient receptor potential (TRP) channels are cation channels which participate in a wide variety of physiological processes in organisms ranging from fungi to humans. They fulfill roles in body homeostasis, are sensors for noxious chemicals and temperature in the mammalian somatosensory system and are activated by light stimulated phospholipase C activity in Drosophila or by hypertonicity in yeast. The transmembrane topology of TRP channels is similar to that of voltage-gated cation channels. TRP proteins assemble as tetramers with each subunit containing six transmembrane helices (S1-S6) and intracellular N- and C-termini. Here we focus on the emerging functions of the cytosolic S4-S5 linker on TRP channel gating. Most of this knowledge comes from pathogenic mutations within the S4-S5 linker that alter TRP channel activities. This knowledge has stimulated forward genetic approaches to identify additional residues around this region which are essential for channel gating and is supported, in part, by recent structures obtained for TRPV1, TRPV2, TRPV6, TRPA1, and TRPP2.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laura Hofmann
- Institut für Experimentelle und Klinische Pharmakologie und Toxikologie, Universität des Saarlandes, 66421 Homburg, Germany
| | - Hongmei Wang
- Institut für Experimentelle und Klinische Pharmakologie und Toxikologie, Universität des Saarlandes, 66421 Homburg, Germany
| | - Wang Zheng
- Membrane Protein Disease Research Group, Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, University of Alberta, T6G 2H7, Edmonton, AB, Canada
| | - Stephan E Philipp
- Institut für Experimentelle und Klinische Pharmakologie und Toxikologie, Universität des Saarlandes, 66421 Homburg, Germany
| | - Patricia Hidalgo
- Institute of Complex Systems 4, Zelluläre Biophysik, Forschungszentrum Jülich, 52425 Jülich, Germany
| | - Adolfo Cavalié
- Institut für Experimentelle und Klinische Pharmakologie und Toxikologie, Universität des Saarlandes, 66421 Homburg, Germany
| | - Xing-Zhen Chen
- Membrane Protein Disease Research Group, Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, University of Alberta, T6G 2H7, Edmonton, AB, Canada
| | - Andreas Beck
- Institut für Experimentelle und Klinische Pharmakologie und Toxikologie, Universität des Saarlandes, 66421 Homburg, Germany
| | - Veit Flockerzi
- Institut für Experimentelle und Klinische Pharmakologie und Toxikologie, Universität des Saarlandes, 66421 Homburg, Germany.
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31
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Grace MS, Bonvini SJ, Belvisi MG, McIntyre P. Modulation of the TRPV4 ion channel as a therapeutic target for disease. Pharmacol Ther 2017; 177:9-22. [PMID: 28202366 DOI: 10.1016/j.pharmthera.2017.02.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 75] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
Abstract
Transient Receptor Potential Vanilloid 4 (TRPV4) is a broadly expressed, polymodally gated ion channel that plays an important role in many physiological and pathophysiological processes. TRPV4 knockout mice and several synthetic pharmacological compounds that selectively target TRPV4 are now available, which has allowed detailed investigation in to the therapeutic potential of this ion channel. Results from animal studies suggest that TRPV4 antagonism has therapeutic potential in oedema, pain, gastrointestinal disorders, and lung diseases such as cough, bronchoconstriction, pulmonary hypertension, and acute lung injury. A lack of observed side-effects in vivo has prompted a first-in-human trial for a TRPV4 antagonist in healthy participants and stable heart failure patients. If successful, this would open up an exciting new area of research for a multitude of TRPV4-related pathologies. This review will discuss the known roles of TRPV4 in disease, and highlight the possible implications of targeting this important cation channel for therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Megan S Grace
- Baker Heart and Diabetes Institute, Melbourne, Australia; School of Health and Biomedical Sciences, RMIT University, Bundoora, Melbourne, Australia; Department of Physiology, School of Medicine, Nursing and Health Sciences, Monash University, Melbourne, Australia.
| | - Sara J Bonvini
- Respiratory Pharmacology, National Heart and Lung Institute, Faculty of Medicine, Imperial College London, London, UK
| | - Maria G Belvisi
- Respiratory Pharmacology, National Heart and Lung Institute, Faculty of Medicine, Imperial College London, London, UK
| | - Peter McIntyre
- School of Health and Biomedical Sciences, RMIT University, Bundoora, Melbourne, Australia
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32
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A case of congenital spinal muscular atrophy with pain due to a mutation in TRPV4. Neuromuscul Disord 2016; 26:841-843. [PMID: 27751652 DOI: 10.1016/j.nmd.2016.09.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2016] [Revised: 09/07/2016] [Accepted: 09/12/2016] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
We present a patient with congenital spinal muscular atrophy associated with pain, subjective sensory loss, right talipes equinovarus, delayed walking, and progressive gait impairment. A sister and niece reportedly had Charcot-Marie-Tooth 1A, but the patient's electromyogram showed an axonal motor neuropathy or neuronopathy. We identified a c.806G>A TRPV4 gene mutation causing an Arg269His amino acid substitution. TRPV4 mutations cause variable phenotypes including axonal sensorimotor neuropathy and motor neuropathy or neuronopathy. Associated features may include arthrogryposis, skeletal dysplasia, vocal cord paresis, sensorineural hearing loss and respiratory weakness. Skeletal X-rays can identify orthopedic causes of pain in patients with TRPV4 mutations, and imaging evidence of bone deformities in patients with suspected hereditary axonal neuropathy, pain and an unknown genetic diagnosis may help lead to a diagnosis of a TRPV4 mutation. Even when a patient's genetic diagnosis is presumed to be known, electrodiagnostic testing is warranted to verify the diagnosis.
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33
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A dominant TRPV4 variant underlies osteochondrodysplasia in Scottish fold cats. Osteoarthritis Cartilage 2016; 24:1441-50. [PMID: 27063440 DOI: 10.1016/j.joca.2016.03.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2015] [Revised: 02/22/2016] [Accepted: 03/25/2016] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Scottish fold cats, named for their unique ear shape, have a dominantly inherited osteochondrodysplasia involving malformation in the distal forelimbs, distal hindlimbs and tail, and progressive joint destruction. This study aimed to identify the gene and the underlying variant responsible for the osteochondrodysplasia. DESIGN DNA samples from 44 Scottish fold and 54 control cats were genotyped using a feline DNA array and a case-control genome-wide association analysis conducted. The gene encoding a calcium permeable ion channel, transient receptor potential cation channel, subfamily V, member 4 (TRPV4) was identified as a candidate within the associated region and sequenced. Stably transfected HEK293 cells were used to compare wild-type and mutant TRPV4 expression, cell surface localisation and responses to activation with a synthetic agonist GSK1016709A, hypo-osmolarity, and protease-activated receptor 2 stimulation. RESULTS The dominantly inherited folded ear and osteochondrodysplasia in Scottish fold cats is associated with a p.V342F substitution (c.1024G>T) in TRPV4. The change was not found in 648 unaffected cats. Functional analysis in HEK293 cells showed V342F mutant TRPV4 was poorly expressed at the cell surface compared to wild-type TRPV4 and as a consequence the maximum response to a synthetic agonist was reduced. Mutant TRPV4 channels had a higher basal activity and an increased response to hypotonic conditions. CONCLUSIONS Access to a naturally-occurring TRPV4 mutation in the Scottish fold cat will allow further functional studies to identify how and why the mutations affect cartilage and bone development.
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34
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Ghosh A, Kaur N, Kumar A, Goswami C. Why individual thermo sensation and pain perception varies? Clue of disruptive mutations in TRPVs from 2504 human genome data. Channels (Austin) 2016; 10:339-345. [PMID: 26962677 DOI: 10.1080/19336950.2016.1162365] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Every individual varies in character and so do their sensory functions and perceptions. The molecular mechanism and the molecular candidates involved in these processes are assumed to be similar if not same. So far several molecular factors have been identified which are fairly conserved across the phylogenetic tree and are involved in these complex sensory functions. Among all, members belonging to Transient Receptor Potential (TRP) channels have been widely characterized for their involvement in thermo-sensation. These include TRPV1 to TRPV4 channels which reveal complex thermo-gating behavior in response to changes in temperature. The molecular evolution of these channels is highly correlative with the thermal response of different species. However, recent 2504 human genome data suggest that these thermo-sensitive TRPV channels are highly variable and carry possible deleterious mutations in human population. These unexpected findings may explain the individual differences in terms of complex sensory functions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Arijit Ghosh
- a School of Biological Sciences, National Institute of Science Education and Research, Institute of Physics Campus , Bhubaneswar , Orissa , India.,b School of Biological Sciences, National Institute of Science Education and Research, Jatni Campus , Bhubaneswar , Orissa , India
| | - Navneet Kaur
- c School of Biotechnology, KIIT University , Bhubaneswar , Orissa , India
| | - Abhishek Kumar
- d Molecular Genetic Epidemiology, Deutsches Krebsforschungszentrum (DKFZ) , Heidelberg , Germany
| | - Chandan Goswami
- a School of Biological Sciences, National Institute of Science Education and Research, Institute of Physics Campus , Bhubaneswar , Orissa , India.,b School of Biological Sciences, National Institute of Science Education and Research, Jatni Campus , Bhubaneswar , Orissa , India
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35
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Biasini F, Portaro S, Mazzeo A, Vita G, Fabrizi GM, Taioli F, Toscano A, Rodolico C. TRPV4 related scapuloperoneal spinal muscular atrophy: Report of an Italian family and review of the literature. Neuromuscul Disord 2016; 26:312-5. [PMID: 26948711 DOI: 10.1016/j.nmd.2016.02.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/10/2015] [Accepted: 02/15/2016] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
Abstract
Scapuloperoneal spinal muscular atrophy (SPSMA) is a rare autosomal dominant disorder caused by heterozygous mutations in the transient receptor potential cation channel (TRPV4) gene, characterized by progressive scapuloperoneal atrophy and weakness. Additional features, such as vocal cord paralysis, scoliosis and/or arthrogryposis, are likely to occur. We report the first Italian family with SPSMA, harboring the c.806G>A mutation in TRPV4 gene (p. R269H). The pattern of expression was variable: the father showed a mild muscular involvement, while the son presented at birth skeletal dysplasia and a progressive course. We reinforce the concept that the disease can be more severe in the following generations. The disorder should be considered in scapuloperoneal syndromes with autosomal dominant inheritance and a neurogenic pattern. The presence of skeletal deformities strongly supports this suspicion. An early diagnosis of SPSMA may be crucial in order to prevent the more severe congenital form.
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Affiliation(s)
- F Biasini
- Department of Neurosciences, University of Messina, Messina, Italy
| | - S Portaro
- IRCCS Centro Neurolesi "Bonino Pulejo", Messina, Italy
| | - A Mazzeo
- Department of Neurosciences, University of Messina, Messina, Italy
| | - G Vita
- Department of Neurosciences, University of Messina, Messina, Italy
| | - G M Fabrizi
- Department of Neurological, Biomedical and Movement Sciences, University of Verona, Verona, Italy; Department of Neurosciences, AOUI, Verona, Italy
| | - F Taioli
- Department of Neurological, Biomedical and Movement Sciences, University of Verona, Verona, Italy; Department of Neurosciences, AOUI, Verona, Italy
| | - A Toscano
- Department of Neurosciences, University of Messina, Messina, Italy
| | - C Rodolico
- Department of Neurosciences, University of Messina, Messina, Italy.
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Hernando-Quintana N, Playán-Usón J, Crespo-Burillo JA, Marín-Cárdenas MÁ, Gazulla J. Ataxia and focal dystonia in Kallmann syndrome. Clin Case Rep 2016; 4:182-5. [PMID: 26862419 PMCID: PMC4736517 DOI: 10.1002/ccr3.420] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/12/2015] [Revised: 07/29/2015] [Accepted: 09/18/2015] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
A case of Kallmann syndrome (KS) associated with rare neurological manifestations is presented. Cerebellar ataxia probably caused by a small posterior fossa and a focal dystonia affecting the left lower limb expand the spectrum of neurological manifestations occurring in KS. Further studies are needed to better understand these manifestations.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Jesús Playán-Usón
- Servicio de Endocrinología Hospital Universitario Miguel Servet Zaragoza Spain
| | | | | | - José Gazulla
- Servicio de Neurología Hospital Universitario Miguel Servet Zaragoza Spain
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Spillane J, Kullmann DM, Hanna MG. Genetic neurological channelopathies: molecular genetics and clinical phenotypes. J Neurol Neurosurg Psychiatry 2016; 87:37-48. [PMID: 26558925 PMCID: PMC4717447 DOI: 10.1136/jnnp-2015-311233] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2015] [Accepted: 09/13/2015] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
Evidence accumulated over recent years has shown that genetic neurological channelopathies can cause many different neurological diseases. Presentations relating to the brain, spinal cord, peripheral nerve or muscle mean that channelopathies can impact on almost any area of neurological practice. Typically, neurological channelopathies are inherited in an autosomal dominant fashion and cause paroxysmal disturbances of neurological function, although the impairment of function can become fixed with time. These disorders are individually rare, but an accurate diagnosis is important as it has genetic counselling and often treatment implications. Furthermore, the study of less common ion channel mutation-related diseases has increased our understanding of pathomechanisms that is relevant to common neurological diseases such as migraine and epilepsy. Here, we review the molecular genetic and clinical features of inherited neurological channelopathies.
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Affiliation(s)
- J Spillane
- Royal Free Hospital Foundation Trust London, London, UK MRC Centre for Neuromuscular Disease, UCL, London, UK
| | - D M Kullmann
- MRC Centre for Neuromuscular Disease, UCL, London, UK UCL, Institute of Neurology, London, UK
| | - M G Hanna
- MRC Centre for Neuromuscular Disease, UCL, London, UK UCL, Institute of Neurology, London, UK
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38
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Križaj D. Polymodal Sensory Integration in Retinal Ganglion Cells. ADVANCES IN EXPERIMENTAL MEDICINE AND BIOLOGY 2016; 854:693-8. [PMID: 26427477 PMCID: PMC5111544 DOI: 10.1007/978-3-319-17121-0_92] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/03/2022]
Abstract
An animal's ability to perceive the external world is conditioned by its capacity to extract and encode specific features of the visual image. The output of the vertebrate retina is not a simple representation of the 2D visual map generated by photon absorptions in the photoreceptor layer. Rather, spatial, temporal, direction selectivity and color "dimensions" of the original image are distributed in the form of parallel output channels mediated by distinct retinal ganglion cell (RGC) populations. We propose that visual information transmitted to the brain includes additional, light-independent, inputs that reflect the functional states of the retina, anterior eye and the body. These may include the local ion microenvironment, glial metabolism and systemic parameters such as intraocular pressure, temperature and immune activation which act on ion channels that are intrinsic to RGCs. We particularly focus on light-independent mechanical inputs that are associated with physical impact, cell swelling and intraocular pressure as excessive mechanical stimuli lead to the counterintuitive experience of "pressure phosphenes" and/or debilitating blinding disease such as glaucoma and diabetic retinopathy. We point at recently discovered retinal mechanosensitive ion channels as examples through which molecular physiology brings together Greek phenomenology, modern neuroscience and medicine. Thus, RGC output represents a unified picture of the embodied context within which vision takes place.
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Affiliation(s)
- David Križaj
- Departments of Ophthalmology & Visual Sciences, John A. Moran Eye Institute and Neurobiology & Anatomy, Univ. of Utah School of Medicine, 84132, Salt Lake City, UT, USA.
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Sevilla T, Lupo V, Martínez-Rubio D, Sancho P, Sivera R, Chumillas MJ, García-Romero M, Pascual-Pascual SI, Muelas N, Dopazo J, Vílchez JJ, Palau F, Espinós C. Mutations in the MORC2 gene cause axonal Charcot-Marie-Tooth disease. Brain 2015; 139:62-72. [PMID: 26497905 DOI: 10.1093/brain/awv311] [Citation(s) in RCA: 67] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/25/2015] [Accepted: 09/08/2015] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Charcot-Marie-Tooth disease (CMT) is a complex disorder with wide genetic heterogeneity. Here we present a new axonal Charcot-Marie-Tooth disease form, associated with the gene microrchidia family CW-type zinc finger 2 (MORC2). Whole-exome sequencing in a family with autosomal dominant segregation identified the novel MORC2 p.R190W change in four patients. Further mutational screening in our axonal Charcot-Marie-Tooth disease clinical series detected two additional sporadic cases, one patient who also carried the same MORC2 p.R190W mutation and another patient that harboured a MORC2 p.S25L mutation. Genetic and in silico studies strongly supported the pathogenicity of these sequence variants. The phenotype was variable and included patients with congenital or infantile onset, as well as others whose symptoms started in the second decade. The patients with early onset developed a spinal muscular atrophy-like picture, whereas in the later onset cases, the initial symptoms were cramps, distal weakness and sensory impairment. Weakness and atrophy progressed in a random and asymmetric fashion and involved limb girdle muscles, leading to a severe incapacity in adulthood. Sensory loss was always prominent and proportional to disease severity. Electrophysiological studies were consistent with an asymmetric axonal motor and sensory neuropathy, while fasciculations and myokymia were recorded rather frequently by needle electromyography. Sural nerve biopsy revealed pronounced multifocal depletion of myelinated fibres with some regenerative clusters and occasional small onion bulbs. Morc2 is expressed in both axons and Schwann cells of mouse peripheral nerve. Different roles in biological processes have been described for MORC2. As the silencing of Charcot-Marie-Tooth disease genes have been associated with DNA damage response, it is tempting to speculate that a deregulation of this pathway may be linked to the axonal degeneration observed in MORC2 neuropathy, thus adding a new pathogenic mechanism to the long list of causes of Charcot-Marie-Tooth disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Teresa Sevilla
- 1 Department of Neurology, Hospital Universitari i Politècnic La Fe, Avd. Fernando Abril Martorell no. 106, 46026 Valencia, Spain 2 Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Raras (CIBERER), c/ Eduardo Primo Yúfera no. 13, 46012 Valencia, Spain 3 Department of Medicine, University of Valencia, Avd. Blasco Ibáñez no. 15, 46010 Valencia, Spain
| | - Vincenzo Lupo
- 2 Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Raras (CIBERER), c/ Eduardo Primo Yúfera no. 13, 46012 Valencia, Spain 4 Program in Rare and Genetic Diseases and IBV/CSIC Associated Unit, Centro de Investigación Príncipe Felipe (CIPF), c/ Eduardo Primo Yúfera no. 13, 46012 Valencia, Spain
| | - Dolores Martínez-Rubio
- 2 Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Raras (CIBERER), c/ Eduardo Primo Yúfera no. 13, 46012 Valencia, Spain 4 Program in Rare and Genetic Diseases and IBV/CSIC Associated Unit, Centro de Investigación Príncipe Felipe (CIPF), c/ Eduardo Primo Yúfera no. 13, 46012 Valencia, Spain
| | - Paula Sancho
- 2 Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Raras (CIBERER), c/ Eduardo Primo Yúfera no. 13, 46012 Valencia, Spain 4 Program in Rare and Genetic Diseases and IBV/CSIC Associated Unit, Centro de Investigación Príncipe Felipe (CIPF), c/ Eduardo Primo Yúfera no. 13, 46012 Valencia, Spain
| | - Rafael Sivera
- 1 Department of Neurology, Hospital Universitari i Politècnic La Fe, Avd. Fernando Abril Martorell no. 106, 46026 Valencia, Spain
| | - María J Chumillas
- 2 Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Raras (CIBERER), c/ Eduardo Primo Yúfera no. 13, 46012 Valencia, Spain 5 Department of Clinical Neurophysiology, Hospital Universitari i Politècnic La Fe, Avd. Fernando Abril Martorell no. 106, 46026 Valencia, Spain
| | - Mar García-Romero
- 6 Department of Neuropaediatrics, Hospital Universitario La Paz, P° de la Castellana no. 261, 08046 Madrid, Spain
| | - Samuel I Pascual-Pascual
- 6 Department of Neuropaediatrics, Hospital Universitario La Paz, P° de la Castellana no. 261, 08046 Madrid, Spain
| | - Nuria Muelas
- 1 Department of Neurology, Hospital Universitari i Politècnic La Fe, Avd. Fernando Abril Martorell no. 106, 46026 Valencia, Spain 2 Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Raras (CIBERER), c/ Eduardo Primo Yúfera no. 13, 46012 Valencia, Spain
| | - Joaquín Dopazo
- 2 Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Raras (CIBERER), c/ Eduardo Primo Yúfera no. 13, 46012 Valencia, Spain 7 Program on Computational Genomics, Centro de Investigación Príncipe Felipe (CIPF), c/ Eduardo Primo Yúfera no. 13, 46012 Valencia, Spain
| | - Juan J Vílchez
- 1 Department of Neurology, Hospital Universitari i Politècnic La Fe, Avd. Fernando Abril Martorell no. 106, 46026 Valencia, Spain 2 Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Raras (CIBERER), c/ Eduardo Primo Yúfera no. 13, 46012 Valencia, Spain 3 Department of Medicine, University of Valencia, Avd. Blasco Ibáñez no. 15, 46010 Valencia, Spain
| | - Francesc Palau
- 2 Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Raras (CIBERER), c/ Eduardo Primo Yúfera no. 13, 46012 Valencia, Spain 4 Program in Rare and Genetic Diseases and IBV/CSIC Associated Unit, Centro de Investigación Príncipe Felipe (CIPF), c/ Eduardo Primo Yúfera no. 13, 46012 Valencia, Spain 8 Department of Genetic and Molecular Medicine, and Pediatric Institute for Rare Diseases (IPER), Hospital Sant Joan de Déu, P° Sant Joan de Déu no. 2, 08950 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Carmen Espinós
- 2 Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Raras (CIBERER), c/ Eduardo Primo Yúfera no. 13, 46012 Valencia, Spain 4 Program in Rare and Genetic Diseases and IBV/CSIC Associated Unit, Centro de Investigación Príncipe Felipe (CIPF), c/ Eduardo Primo Yúfera no. 13, 46012 Valencia, Spain
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Sullivan JM, Zimanyi CM, Aisenberg W, Bears B, Chen DH, Day JW, Bird TD, Siskind CE, Gaudet R, Sumner CJ. Novel mutations highlight the key role of the ankyrin repeat domain in TRPV4-mediated neuropathy. NEUROLOGY-GENETICS 2015; 1:e29. [PMID: 27066566 PMCID: PMC4811381 DOI: 10.1212/nxg.0000000000000029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2015] [Accepted: 09/10/2015] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
Abstract
Objective: To characterize 2 novel TRPV4 mutations in 2 unrelated families exhibiting the Charcot-Marie-Tooth disease type 2C (CMT2C) phenotype. Methods: Direct CMT gene testing was performed on 2 unrelated families with CMT2C. A 4-fold symmetric tetramer model of human TRPV4 was generated to map the locations of novel TRPV4 mutations in these families relative to previously identified disease-causing mutations (neuropathy, skeletal dysplasia, and osteoarthropathy). Effects of the mutations on TRPV4 expression, localization, and channel activity were determined by immunocytochemical, immunoblotting, Ca2+ imaging, and cytotoxicity assays. Results: Previous studies suggest that neuropathy-causing mutations occur primarily at arginine residues on the convex face of the TRPV4 ankyrin repeat domain (ARD). Further highlighting the key role of this domain in TRPV4-mediated hereditary neuropathy, we report 2 novel heterozygous missense mutations in the TRPV4-ARD convex face (p.Arg237Gly and p.Arg237Leu). Generation of a model of the TRPV4 homotetramer revealed that while ARD residues mutated in neuropathy (including Arg237) are likely accessible for intermolecular interactions, skeletal dysplasia–causing TRPV4 mutations occur at sites suggesting disruption of intramolecular and/or intersubunit interactions. Like previously described neuropathy-causing mutations, the p.Arg237Gly and p.Arg237Leu substitutions do not alter TRPV4 subcellular localization in transfected cells but cause elevations of cytosolic Ca2+ levels and marked cytotoxicity. Conclusions: These findings expand the number of ARD residues mutated in TRPV4-mediated neuropathy, providing further evidence of the central importance of this domain to TRPV4 function in peripheral nerve.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jeremy M Sullivan
- Department of Neurology (J.M.S., W.A., B.B., C.J.S.), Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD; Department of Molecular and Cellular Biology (C.M.Z., R.G.), Harvard University, Cambridge, MA; Department of Neurology (D.-H.C., T.D.B.), University of Washington School of Medicine, Seattle, WA; Department of Neurology (J.W.D., C.E.S.), Stanford Health Care, Stanford, CA; and Department of Neuroscience (C.J.S.), Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD
| | - Christina M Zimanyi
- Department of Neurology (J.M.S., W.A., B.B., C.J.S.), Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD; Department of Molecular and Cellular Biology (C.M.Z., R.G.), Harvard University, Cambridge, MA; Department of Neurology (D.-H.C., T.D.B.), University of Washington School of Medicine, Seattle, WA; Department of Neurology (J.W.D., C.E.S.), Stanford Health Care, Stanford, CA; and Department of Neuroscience (C.J.S.), Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD
| | - William Aisenberg
- Department of Neurology (J.M.S., W.A., B.B., C.J.S.), Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD; Department of Molecular and Cellular Biology (C.M.Z., R.G.), Harvard University, Cambridge, MA; Department of Neurology (D.-H.C., T.D.B.), University of Washington School of Medicine, Seattle, WA; Department of Neurology (J.W.D., C.E.S.), Stanford Health Care, Stanford, CA; and Department of Neuroscience (C.J.S.), Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD
| | - Breanne Bears
- Department of Neurology (J.M.S., W.A., B.B., C.J.S.), Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD; Department of Molecular and Cellular Biology (C.M.Z., R.G.), Harvard University, Cambridge, MA; Department of Neurology (D.-H.C., T.D.B.), University of Washington School of Medicine, Seattle, WA; Department of Neurology (J.W.D., C.E.S.), Stanford Health Care, Stanford, CA; and Department of Neuroscience (C.J.S.), Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD
| | - Dong-Hui Chen
- Department of Neurology (J.M.S., W.A., B.B., C.J.S.), Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD; Department of Molecular and Cellular Biology (C.M.Z., R.G.), Harvard University, Cambridge, MA; Department of Neurology (D.-H.C., T.D.B.), University of Washington School of Medicine, Seattle, WA; Department of Neurology (J.W.D., C.E.S.), Stanford Health Care, Stanford, CA; and Department of Neuroscience (C.J.S.), Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD
| | - John W Day
- Department of Neurology (J.M.S., W.A., B.B., C.J.S.), Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD; Department of Molecular and Cellular Biology (C.M.Z., R.G.), Harvard University, Cambridge, MA; Department of Neurology (D.-H.C., T.D.B.), University of Washington School of Medicine, Seattle, WA; Department of Neurology (J.W.D., C.E.S.), Stanford Health Care, Stanford, CA; and Department of Neuroscience (C.J.S.), Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD
| | - Thomas D Bird
- Department of Neurology (J.M.S., W.A., B.B., C.J.S.), Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD; Department of Molecular and Cellular Biology (C.M.Z., R.G.), Harvard University, Cambridge, MA; Department of Neurology (D.-H.C., T.D.B.), University of Washington School of Medicine, Seattle, WA; Department of Neurology (J.W.D., C.E.S.), Stanford Health Care, Stanford, CA; and Department of Neuroscience (C.J.S.), Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD
| | - Carly E Siskind
- Department of Neurology (J.M.S., W.A., B.B., C.J.S.), Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD; Department of Molecular and Cellular Biology (C.M.Z., R.G.), Harvard University, Cambridge, MA; Department of Neurology (D.-H.C., T.D.B.), University of Washington School of Medicine, Seattle, WA; Department of Neurology (J.W.D., C.E.S.), Stanford Health Care, Stanford, CA; and Department of Neuroscience (C.J.S.), Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD
| | - Rachelle Gaudet
- Department of Neurology (J.M.S., W.A., B.B., C.J.S.), Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD; Department of Molecular and Cellular Biology (C.M.Z., R.G.), Harvard University, Cambridge, MA; Department of Neurology (D.-H.C., T.D.B.), University of Washington School of Medicine, Seattle, WA; Department of Neurology (J.W.D., C.E.S.), Stanford Health Care, Stanford, CA; and Department of Neuroscience (C.J.S.), Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD
| | - Charlotte J Sumner
- Department of Neurology (J.M.S., W.A., B.B., C.J.S.), Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD; Department of Molecular and Cellular Biology (C.M.Z., R.G.), Harvard University, Cambridge, MA; Department of Neurology (D.-H.C., T.D.B.), University of Washington School of Medicine, Seattle, WA; Department of Neurology (J.W.D., C.E.S.), Stanford Health Care, Stanford, CA; and Department of Neuroscience (C.J.S.), Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD
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Hoeve HLJ, Brooks AS, Smit LS. JS-X syndrome: A multiple congenital malformation with vocal cord paralysis, ear deformity, hearing loss, shoulder musculature underdevelopment, and X-linked recessive inheritance. Int J Pediatr Otorhinolaryngol 2015; 79:1164-70. [PMID: 25998214 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijporl.2015.05.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/17/2015] [Revised: 04/30/2015] [Accepted: 05/02/2015] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
We report on a family with a not earlier described multiple congenital malformation. Several male family members suffer from laryngeal obstruction caused by bilateral vocal cord paralysis, outer and middle ear deformity with conductive and sensorineural hearing loss, facial dysmorphisms, and underdeveloped shoulder musculature. The affected female members only have middle ear deformity and hearing loss. The pedigree is suggestive of an X-linked recessive inheritance pattern. SNP-array revealed a deletion and duplication on Xq28 in the affected family members. A possible aetiology is a neurocristopathy with most symptoms expressed in structures derived from branchial arches.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hans L J Hoeve
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Erasmus MC Sophia, The Netherlands.
| | - Alice S Brooks
- Department of Clinical Genetics, Erasmus MC, The Netherlands
| | - Liesbeth S Smit
- Department of Neurology, Subdivision of Pediatric Neurology, The Netherlands; Department of Paediatrics, Subdivision of Neonatology, Erasmus MC Sophia, The Netherlands
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42
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Koutsis G, Lynch D, Manone A, Karadima G, Reilly MM, Houlden H, Panas M. Charcot-Marie-Tooth disease type 2C and scapuloperoneal muscular atrophy overlap syndrome in a patient with the R232C TRPV4 mutation. J Neurol 2015; 262:1972-5. [DOI: 10.1007/s00415-015-7800-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/15/2015] [Revised: 05/26/2015] [Accepted: 05/26/2015] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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Evangelista T, Bansagi B, Pyle A, Griffin H, Douroudis K, Polvikoski T, Antoniadi T, Bushby K, Straub V, Chinnery PF, Lochmüller H, Horvath R. Phenotypic variability of TRPV4 related neuropathies. Neuromuscul Disord 2015; 25:516-21. [PMID: 25900305 PMCID: PMC4454778 DOI: 10.1016/j.nmd.2015.03.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/28/2015] [Revised: 03/02/2015] [Accepted: 03/12/2015] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Mutations in the transient receptor potential vanilloid 4 (TRPV4) gene have been associated with autosomal dominant skeletal dysplasias and peripheral nervous system syndromes (PNSS). PNSS include Charcot-Marie-Tooth disease (CMT) type 2C, congenital spinal muscular atrophy and arthrogryposis and scapuloperoneal spinal muscular atrophy. We report the clinical, electrophysiological and muscle biopsy findings in two unrelated patients with two novel heterozygous missense mutations in the TRPV4 gene. Whole exome sequencing was carried out on genomic DNA using Illumina Truseq(TM) 62Mb exome capture. Patient 1 harbours a de novo c.805C > T (p.Arg269Cys) mutation. Clinically, this patient shows signs of both scapuloperoneal spinal muscular atrophy and skeletal dysplasia. Patient 2 harbours a novel c.184G > A (p.Asp62Asn) mutation. While the clinical phenotype is compatible with CMT type 2C with the patient's muscle harbours basophilic inclusions. Mutations in the TRPV4 gene have a broad phenotypic variability and disease severity and may share a similar pathogenic mechanism with Heat Shock Protein related neuropathies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Teresinha Evangelista
- John Walton Muscular Dystrophy Research Centre, MRC Centre for Neuromuscular Diseases, Institute of Genetic Medicine, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, UK
| | - Boglarka Bansagi
- John Walton Muscular Dystrophy Research Centre, MRC Centre for Neuromuscular Diseases, Institute of Genetic Medicine, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, UK
| | - Angela Pyle
- John Walton Muscular Dystrophy Research Centre, MRC Centre for Neuromuscular Diseases, Institute of Genetic Medicine, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, UK
| | - Helen Griffin
- John Walton Muscular Dystrophy Research Centre, MRC Centre for Neuromuscular Diseases, Institute of Genetic Medicine, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, UK
| | - Konstantinos Douroudis
- John Walton Muscular Dystrophy Research Centre, MRC Centre for Neuromuscular Diseases, Institute of Genetic Medicine, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, UK
| | - Tuomo Polvikoski
- Institute of Neuroscience, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, UK
| | - Thalia Antoniadi
- Bristol Genetic Laboratory, Pathology Sciences, Southmead Hospital, Bristol, UK
| | - Kate Bushby
- John Walton Muscular Dystrophy Research Centre, MRC Centre for Neuromuscular Diseases, Institute of Genetic Medicine, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, UK
| | - Volker Straub
- John Walton Muscular Dystrophy Research Centre, MRC Centre for Neuromuscular Diseases, Institute of Genetic Medicine, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, UK
| | - Patrick F Chinnery
- John Walton Muscular Dystrophy Research Centre, MRC Centre for Neuromuscular Diseases, Institute of Genetic Medicine, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, UK
| | - Hanns Lochmüller
- John Walton Muscular Dystrophy Research Centre, MRC Centre for Neuromuscular Diseases, Institute of Genetic Medicine, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, UK
| | - Rita Horvath
- John Walton Muscular Dystrophy Research Centre, MRC Centre for Neuromuscular Diseases, Institute of Genetic Medicine, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, UK.
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Hsu AK, Rosow DE, Wallerstein RJ, April MM. Familial congenital bilateral vocal fold paralysis: a novel gene translocation. Int J Pediatr Otorhinolaryngol 2015; 79:323-7. [PMID: 25617187 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijporl.2014.12.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2014] [Revised: 12/08/2014] [Accepted: 12/09/2014] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES True vocal fold (TVF) paralysis is a common cause of neonatal stridor and airway obstruction, though bilateral TVF paralysis is seen less frequently. Rare cases of familial congenital TVF paralysis have been described with implied genetic origin, but few genetic abnormalities have been discovered to date. The purpose of this study is to describe a novel chromosomal translocation responsible for congenital bilateral TVF immobility. METHODS The charts of three patients were retrospectively reviewed: a 35 year-old woman and her two children. The mother had bilateral TVF paralysis at birth requiring tracheotomy. Her oldest child had a similar presentation at birth and also required tracheotomy, while the younger child had laryngomalacia without TVF paralysis. Standard karyotype analysis was done using samples from all three patients and the parents of the mother, to assess whether a chromosomal abnormality was responsible. RESULTS Karyotype analysis revealed the same balanced translocation between chromosomes 5 and 14, t(5;14) (p15.3, q11.2) in the mother and her two daughters. No other genetic abnormalities were identified. Neither maternal grandparent had the translocation, which appeared to be a spontaneous mutation in the mother with autosomal dominant inheritance and variable penetrance. CONCLUSIONS A novel chromosomal translocation was identified that appears to be responsible for familial congenital bilateral TVF paralysis. While there are other reports of genetic abnormalities responsible for this condition, we believe this is the first describing this particular translocation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amy K Hsu
- Department of Otolaryngology/Head and Neck Surgery, Keck School of Medicine of the University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, United States
| | - David E Rosow
- Department of Otolaryngology, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL, United States.
| | - Robert J Wallerstein
- Department of Pediatrics, Santa Clara Valley Medical Center, San Jose, CA, United States
| | - Max M April
- Department of Otolaryngology/Head and Neck Surgery, New York University School of Medicine, New York, NY, United States
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Duan DM, Wu S, Hsu LA, Teng MS, Lin JF, Sun YC, Cheng CF, Ko YL. Associations between TRPV4 genotypes and body mass index in Taiwanese subjects. Mol Genet Genomics 2015; 290:1357-65. [DOI: 10.1007/s00438-015-0996-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/27/2014] [Accepted: 01/17/2015] [Indexed: 08/22/2023]
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Sullivan JM, Landouré G, Gaudet R, Sumner CJ. Phenotypic spectrum and incidence of TRPV4 mutations in patients with inherited axonal neuropathy. Neurology 2014; 83:1991. [PMID: 25404646 PMCID: PMC10845894 DOI: 10.1212/wnl.0000000000001041] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
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Klein CJ, Middha S, Duan X, Wu Y, Litchy WJ, Gu W, Dyck PJB, Gavrilova RH, Smith DI, Kocher JP, Dyck PJ. Application of whole exome sequencing in undiagnosed inherited polyneuropathies. J Neurol Neurosurg Psychiatry 2014; 85:1265-72. [PMID: 24604904 DOI: 10.1136/jnnp-2013-306740] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Inherited polyneuropathies often go undiagnosed. We investigated whole exome sequencing (WES) in utility to identify the genetic causes of diverse forms of inherited polyneuropathies without genetic diagnosis. METHODS WES was applied to 24 cases from 15 kindreds. These kindreds had earlier unsuccessful candidate gene testing and five probands were initially thought to have acquired neuropathy. We assessed the efficacy of WES in screening 74 known neuropathy genes and 5195 reported pathogenic mutations for hereditary motor and sensory neuropathy, distal hereditary motor neuropathy, hereditary sensory and autonomic neuropathy, complicated hereditary spastic paraplegia, and select hereditary metabolic neuropathies. RESULTS Pathogenic mutations were identified in five kindreds: (1) ATL1-p.Val253Ile; (2) LITAF-p.Gly112Ser; (3) MFN2-p.Arg94Gln; (4) GARS-p.Ile334Phe; and (5) BSCL2-p.Ser 90Leu. Complexities in establishing inheritance, difficulties in selecting candidate genes and high cost of gene testing all hindered earlier gene discoveries. WES expanded the phenotypic spectrum of the identified known mutations. Possible causal mutations in known genes (SPTLC1, DCTN1, REEP1) were identified in three kindreds. In the remaining seven kindreds, multiple rare or novel variants were identified in novel genes not previously linked with neuropathy. Our results demonstrate an average sequencing depth of 140×, >98% coverage and >10× sequencing depth for 93% (range 89%-96%) of the diverse neuropathy genes and their known mutations. CONCLUSIONS Diverse inherited neuropathy patients without genetic discovery by candidate gene testing have a favourable probability of receiving a genetic diagnosis by WES. Frequently, atypical phenotypes account for earlier failed candidate approaches, and WES is demonstrated to expand the clinical spectrum of known pathogenic mutations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christopher J Klein
- Department of Neurology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota, USA Medical Genetics, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota, USA
| | - Sumit Middha
- Division of Biomedical Statistics and Informatics, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota, USA
| | - Xiaohui Duan
- Department of Neurology, China-Japan Friendship Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Yanhong Wu
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota, USA
| | | | - Weihong Gu
- Department of Neurology, China-Japan Friendship Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - P James B Dyck
- Department of Neurology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota, USA
| | - Ralitza H Gavrilova
- Department of Neurology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota, USA Medical Genetics, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota, USA
| | - David I Smith
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota, USA
| | - Jean-Pierre Kocher
- Division of Biomedical Statistics and Informatics, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota, USA
| | - Peter J Dyck
- Department of Neurology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota, USA
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Peeters K, Chamova T, Jordanova A. Clinical and genetic diversity of SMN1-negative proximal spinal muscular atrophies. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2014; 137:2879-96. [PMID: 24970098 PMCID: PMC4208460 DOI: 10.1093/brain/awu169] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Peeters et al. review current knowledge regarding the phenotypes, causative genes, and disease mechanisms associated with proximal SMN1-negative spinal muscular atrophies (SMA). They describe the molecular and cellular functions enriched among causative genes, and discuss the challenges facing the post-genomics era of SMA research. Hereditary spinal muscular atrophy is a motor neuron disorder characterized by muscle weakness and atrophy due to degeneration of the anterior horn cells of the spinal cord. Initially, the disease was considered purely as an autosomal recessive condition caused by loss-of-function SMN1 mutations on 5q13. Recent developments in next generation sequencing technologies, however, have unveiled a growing number of clinical conditions designated as non-5q forms of spinal muscular atrophy. At present, 16 different genes and one unresolved locus are associated with proximal non-5q forms, having high phenotypic variability and diverse inheritance patterns. This review provides an overview of the current knowledge regarding the phenotypes, causative genes, and disease mechanisms associated with proximal SMN1-negative spinal muscular atrophies. We describe the molecular and cellular functions enriched among causative genes, and discuss the challenges in the post-genomics era of spinal muscular atrophy research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kristien Peeters
- 1 Molecular Neurogenomics Group, Department of Molecular Genetics, VIB, University of Antwerp, Antwerpen 2610, Belgium 2 Neurogenetics Laboratory, Institute Born-Bunge, University of Antwerp, Antwerpen 2610, Belgium
| | - Teodora Chamova
- 3 Department of Neurology, Medical University-Sofia, Sofia 1000, Bulgaria
| | - Albena Jordanova
- 1 Molecular Neurogenomics Group, Department of Molecular Genetics, VIB, University of Antwerp, Antwerpen 2610, Belgium 2 Neurogenetics Laboratory, Institute Born-Bunge, University of Antwerp, Antwerpen 2610, Belgium 4 Department of Medical Chemistry and Biochemistry, Molecular Medicine Centre, Medical University-Sofia, Sofia 1431, Bulgaria
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Oonk AM, Ekker MS, Huygen PL, Kunst HP, Kremer H, Schelhaas JJ, Pennings RJ. Intrafamilial Variable Hearing Loss in TRPV4 Induced Spinal Muscular Atrophy. Ann Otol Rhinol Laryngol 2014; 123:859-65. [DOI: 10.1177/0003489414539130] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Objective: Mutations in the transient receptor potential vanilloid 4 gene ( TRPV4) can induce a great diversity of neuropathies. Together with these neuropathies, hearing loss can occur. This study is focused on providing an audiometric phenotype description of a Dutch family with spinal muscular atrophy caused by a mutation in TRPV4. Methods: A neurological examination was repeated and pure tone and speech audiometry were performed. Results: A large variety in neurological symptoms as well as variation in audiometric characteristics was observed. The severity of hearing loss is mild to moderate and the audiogram configuration is highly variable. The hearing loss of these patients has a progressive nature in general. The frequencies that deteriorate significantly differ between family members. When compared to presbyacusis patients, speech recognition scores of patients with a TRPV4 mutation are not clearly different. Conclusion: The function of TRPV4 in the inner ear is still elusive but it is suggested that TRPV4 is required for maintenance of cochlear function in stress conditions, like acoustic injury. We can neither confirm nor reject this based on the results obtained in this family. Therefore, one might consider advising patients with a TRPV4 mutation to avoid exposure to environmental influences such as noise exposure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anne M.M. Oonk
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Hearing & Genes, Radboud University Medical Centre, Nijmegen, the Netherlands
- Donders Institute for Brain, Cognition and Behavior, Radboud University Medical Centre, Nijmegen, the Netherlands
| | - Merel S. Ekker
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Hearing & Genes, Radboud University Medical Centre, Nijmegen, the Netherlands
| | - Patrick L.M. Huygen
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Hearing & Genes, Radboud University Medical Centre, Nijmegen, the Netherlands
- Donders Institute for Brain, Cognition and Behavior, Radboud University Medical Centre, Nijmegen, the Netherlands
| | - Henricus P.M. Kunst
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Hearing & Genes, Radboud University Medical Centre, Nijmegen, the Netherlands
- Donders Institute for Brain, Cognition and Behavior, Radboud University Medical Centre, Nijmegen, the Netherlands
| | - Hannie Kremer
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Hearing & Genes, Radboud University Medical Centre, Nijmegen, the Netherlands
- Nijmegen Centre for Molecular Life Sciences, Radboud University Medical Centre, Nijmegen, the Netherlands
| | - Jurgen J. Schelhaas
- Expertise Centre for Epileptology, Sleep Medicine and Neurocognition, Kempenhaege, Heeze, the Netherlands
| | - Ronald J.E. Pennings
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Hearing & Genes, Radboud University Medical Centre, Nijmegen, the Netherlands
- Donders Institute for Brain, Cognition and Behavior, Radboud University Medical Centre, Nijmegen, the Netherlands
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Nilius B, Szallasi A. Transient Receptor Potential Channels as Drug Targets: From the Science of Basic Research to the Art of Medicine. Pharmacol Rev 2014; 66:676-814. [DOI: 10.1124/pr.113.008268] [Citation(s) in RCA: 348] [Impact Index Per Article: 34.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
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