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Alhadidi QM, Bahader GA, Arvola O, Kitchen P, Shah ZA, Salman MM. Astrocytes in functional recovery following central nervous system injuries. J Physiol 2024; 602:3069-3096. [PMID: 37702572 DOI: 10.1113/jp284197] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/29/2023] [Accepted: 08/07/2023] [Indexed: 09/14/2023] Open
Abstract
Astrocytes are increasingly recognised as partaking in complex homeostatic mechanisms critical for regulating neuronal plasticity following central nervous system (CNS) insults. Ischaemic stroke and traumatic brain injury are associated with high rates of disability and mortality. Depending on the context and type of injury, reactive astrocytes respond with diverse morphological, proliferative and functional changes collectively known as astrogliosis, which results in both pathogenic and protective effects. There is a large body of research on the negative consequences of astrogliosis following brain injuries. There is also growing interest in how astrogliosis might in some contexts be protective and help to limit the spread of the injury. However, little is known about how astrocytes contribute to the chronic functional recovery phase following traumatic and ischaemic brain insults. In this review, we explore the protective functions of astrocytes in various aspects of secondary brain injury such as oedema, inflammation and blood-brain barrier dysfunction. We also discuss the current knowledge on astrocyte contribution to tissue regeneration, including angiogenesis, neurogenesis, synaptogenesis, dendrogenesis and axogenesis. Finally, we discuss diverse astrocyte-related factors that, if selectively targeted, could form the basis of astrocyte-targeted therapeutic strategies to better address currently untreatable CNS disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qasim M Alhadidi
- Department of Anesthesiology, Perioperative and Pain Medicine, School of Medicine, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA
- Department of Pharmacy, Al-Yarmok University College, Diyala, Iraq
| | - Ghaith A Bahader
- Department of Medicinal and Biological Chemistry, College of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Toledo, Toledo, OH, USA
| | - Oiva Arvola
- Division of Anaesthesiology, Jorvi Hospital, Department of Anaesthesiology, Intensive Care and Pain Medicine, University of Helsinki and Helsinki University Hospital, Helsinki, Finland
- Stem Cells and Metabolism Research Program, Research Programs Unit, Faculty of Medicine, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Philip Kitchen
- College of Health and Life Sciences, Aston University, Birmingham, UK
| | - Zahoor A Shah
- Department of Medicinal and Biological Chemistry, College of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Toledo, Toledo, OH, USA
| | - Mootaz M Salman
- Department of Physiology, Anatomy and Genetics, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
- Kavli Institute for NanoScience Discovery, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
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2
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Jia J, Jiao W, Wang G, Wu J, Huang Z, Zhang Y. Drugs/agents for the treatment of ischemic stroke: Advances and perspectives. Med Res Rev 2024; 44:975-1012. [PMID: 38126568 DOI: 10.1002/med.22009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2023] [Revised: 11/20/2023] [Accepted: 12/07/2023] [Indexed: 12/23/2023]
Abstract
Ischemic stroke (IS) poses a significant threat to global human health and life. In recent decades, we have witnessed unprecedented progresses against IS, including thrombolysis, thrombectomy, and a few medicines that can assist in reopening the blocked brain vessels or serve as standalone treatments for patients who are not eligible for thrombolysis/thrombectomy therapies. However, the narrow time windows of thrombolysis/thrombectomy, coupled with the risk of hemorrhagic transformation, as well as the lack of highly effective and safe medications, continue to present big challenges in the acute treatment and long-term recovery of IS. In the past 3 years, several excellent articles have reviewed pathophysiology of IS and therapeutic medicines for the treatment of IS based on the pathophysiology. Regretfully, there is no comprehensive overview to summarize all categories of anti-IS drugs/agents designed and synthesized based on molecular mechanisms of IS pathophysiology. From medicinal chemistry view of point, this article reviews a multitude of anti-IS drugs/agents, including small molecule compounds, natural products, peptides, and others, which have been developed based on the molecular mechanism of IS pathophysiology, such as excitotoxicity, oxidative/nitrosative stresses, cell death pathways, and neuroinflammation, and so forth. In addition, several emerging medicines and strategies, including nanomedicines, stem cell therapy and noncoding RNAs, which recently appeared for the treatment of IS, are shortly introduced. Finally, the perspectives on the associated challenges and future directions of anti-IS drugs/agents are briefly provided to move the field forward.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jian Jia
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Drug Discovery for Metabolic Diseases, Center of Drug Discovery, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, China
- Novel Technology Center of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Shanghai Institute of Pharmaceutical Industry Co., Ltd., China State Institute of Pharmaceutical Industry, Shanghai, China
| | - Weijie Jiao
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Drug Discovery for Metabolic Diseases, Center of Drug Discovery, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Guan Wang
- Novel Technology Center of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Shanghai Institute of Pharmaceutical Industry Co., Ltd., China State Institute of Pharmaceutical Industry, Shanghai, China
| | - Jianbing Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Drug Discovery for Metabolic Diseases, Center of Drug Discovery, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Zhangjian Huang
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Drug Discovery for Metabolic Diseases, Center of Drug Discovery, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Yihua Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Drug Discovery for Metabolic Diseases, Center of Drug Discovery, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, China
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3
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Orciani C, Do Carmo S, Foret MK, Hall H, Bonomo Q, Lavagna A, Huang C, Cuello AC. Early treatment with an M1 and sigma-1 receptor agonist prevents cognitive decline in a transgenic rat model displaying Alzheimer-like amyloid pathology. Neurobiol Aging 2023; 132:220-232. [PMID: 37864952 DOI: 10.1016/j.neurobiolaging.2023.09.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2023] [Revised: 08/24/2023] [Accepted: 09/18/2023] [Indexed: 10/23/2023]
Abstract
The application of the selective allosteric M1 muscarinic and sigma-1 receptor agonist, AF710B (aka ANAVEX3-71), has shown to attenuate Alzheimer's disease-like hallmarks in McGill-R-Thy1-APP transgenic rats when administered at advanced pathological stages. It remains unknown whether preventive treatment strategies applying this compound may be equally effective. We tested whether daily oral administration of AF710B (10 µg/kg) in 7-month-old, preplaque, McGill-R-Thy1-APP rats for 7 months, followed by a 4-week washout period, could prevent Alzheimer's disease-like pathological hallmarks. Long-term AF710B treatment prevented the cognitive impairment of McGill-R-Thy1-APP rats. The effect was accompanied by a reduction in the number of amyloid plaques in the hippocampus and the levels of Aβ42 and Aβ40 peptides in the cerebral cortex. AF710B treatment also reduced microglia and astrocyte recruitment toward CA1 hippocampal Aβ-burdened neurons compared to vehicle-treated McGill-R-Thy1-APP rats, also altering the inflammatory cytokines profile. Lastly, AF710B treatment rescued the conversion of brain-derived neurotrophic factor precursor to its mature and biologically active form. Overall, these results suggest preventive and disease-modifying properties of the compound.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chiara Orciani
- Department of Neurology and Neurosurgery, McGill University, Montreal H3A 2B4, Canada
| | - Sonia Do Carmo
- Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, McGill University, Montreal H3G 1Y6, Canada
| | - Morgan K Foret
- Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, McGill University, Montreal H3G 1Y6, Canada
| | - Helene Hall
- Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, McGill University, Montreal H3G 1Y6, Canada
| | - Quentin Bonomo
- Department of Neurology and Neurosurgery, McGill University, Montreal H3A 2B4, Canada
| | - Agustina Lavagna
- Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, McGill University, Montreal H3G 1Y6, Canada
| | - Chunwei Huang
- Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, McGill University, Montreal H3G 1Y6, Canada
| | - A Claudio Cuello
- Department of Neurology and Neurosurgery, McGill University, Montreal H3A 2B4, Canada; Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, McGill University, Montreal H3G 1Y6, Canada; Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, McGill University, Montreal H3A 0C7, Canada,; Department of Pharmacology, Oxford University, Oxford, UK.
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4
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Schreihofer DA, Dalwadi D, Kim S, Metzger D, Oppong-Gyebi A, Das-Earl P, Schetz JA. Treatment of Stroke at a Delayed Timepoint with a Repurposed Drug Targeting Sigma 1 Receptors. Transl Stroke Res 2023:10.1007/s12975-023-01193-x. [PMID: 37704905 DOI: 10.1007/s12975-023-01193-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2022] [Revised: 08/04/2023] [Accepted: 09/01/2023] [Indexed: 09/15/2023]
Abstract
Sigma 1 receptors are intracellular chaperone proteins that have been explored as a subacute treatment to enhance post-stroke recovery. We recently identified the antitussive oxeladin as a selective sigma 1 receptor agonist with the ability to stimulate the release of brain-derived neurotrophic factor from neurons in vitro. In this study, we hypothesized that oral oxeladin citrate would stimulate BDNF secretion and improve stroke outcomes when administered to male rats starting 48 h after transient middle cerebral artery occlusion. Oxeladin did not alter blood clotting and crossed the blood brain barrier within 30 min of oral administration. Rats underwent 90 min of transient middle cerebral artery occlusion. Forty-eight hours later rats began receiving daily oxeladin (135 mg/kg) for 11 days. Oxeladin significantly improved neurological function on days 3, 7, and 14 following MCAO. Infarct size was not altered by a single dose, but the final extent of infarct after 14 days was decreased. However, there was no significant reduction in astrogliosis or microgliosis compared to vehicle-treated control rats. In agreement with in vitro studies, oxeladin increased the amount of mature BDNF in the cerebral cortex 2, 6, and 24 h after single oral dose. However, the increase in BDNF did not result in increases in cellular proliferation in the subventricular zone or dentate gyrus when compared to vehicle-treated controls. These results suggest that oxeladin may reduce the extent of infarct expansion in the subacute phase of stroke, although this action does not appear to involve a reduction in inflammation or increased cell proliferation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Derek A Schreihofer
- Department of Pharmacology and Neuroscience, University of North Texas Helath Science Center, Fort Worth, Texas, 76107, USA.
| | | | - Seongcheol Kim
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Physiology, Loyola University Chicago Stritch School of Medicine, Maywood, IL, 60153, USA
| | - Daniel Metzger
- Department of Pharmacology and Neuroscience, University of North Texas Helath Science Center, Fort Worth, Texas, 76107, USA
| | - Anthony Oppong-Gyebi
- Department of Pharmacology and Neuroscience, University of North Texas Helath Science Center, Fort Worth, Texas, 76107, USA
- Cognizant Technology Solutions, 300 Frank W. Burr Blvd, Teaneck, NJ, 07666, USA
| | - Paromita Das-Earl
- Department of Physiology and Anatomy, University of North Texas Health Science Center, Fort Worth, Texas, 76107, USA
| | - John A Schetz
- Department of Pharmacology and Neuroscience, University of North Texas Helath Science Center, Fort Worth, Texas, 76107, USA
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5
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Ying Z, Ye N, Ma Q, Chen F, Li N, Zhen X. Targeted to neuronal organelles for CNS drug development. Adv Drug Deliv Rev 2023; 200:115025. [PMID: 37516410 DOI: 10.1016/j.addr.2023.115025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2023] [Revised: 07/07/2023] [Accepted: 07/26/2023] [Indexed: 07/31/2023]
Abstract
Significant evidences indicate that sub-cellular organelle dynamics is critical for both physiological and pathological events and therefore may be attractive drug targets displaying great therapeutic potential. Although the basic biological mechanism underlying the dynamics of intracellular organelles has been extensively studied, relative drug development is still limited. In the present review, we show that due to the development of technical advanced imaging tools, especially live cell imaging methods, intracellular organelle dynamics (including mitochondrial dynamics and membrane contact sites) can be dissected at the molecular level. Based on these identified molecular targets, we review and discuss the potential of drug development to target organelle dynamics, especially mitochondria dynamics and ER-organelle membrane contact dynamics, in the central nervous system for treating human diseases, including neurodegenerative diseases such as Alzheimer's disease, Parkinson's disease, Huntington's disease and amyotrophic lateral sclerosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zheng Ying
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Neuropsychiatric Diseases and College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu 215123, China.
| | - Na Ye
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Neuropsychiatric Diseases and College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu 215123, China
| | - Qilian Ma
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Neuropsychiatric Diseases and College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu 215123, China
| | - Fan Chen
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Neuropsychiatric Diseases and College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu 215123, China
| | - Ningning Li
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Neuropsychiatric Diseases and College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu 215123, China
| | - Xuechu Zhen
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Neuropsychiatric Diseases and College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu 215123, China.
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Zhao F, Yang T, Zhou L, Li R, Liu J, Zhao J, Jia R. Sig1R activates extracellular matrix-induced bladder cancer cell proliferation and angiogenesis by combing β-integrin. Aging (Albany NY) 2023; 15:204721. [PMID: 37199665 DOI: 10.18632/aging.204721] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2022] [Accepted: 04/15/2023] [Indexed: 05/19/2023]
Abstract
The extracellular matrix (ECM) regulates many biological functions involved in tumorigenesis and tumor development; however, the underlying mechanism remains unknown. Sigma 1 receptor (Sig1R), a stress-activated chaperone, regulates the crosstalk between the ECM and tumor cells and is related to the malignant characteristics of several tumors. However, the link between Sig1R overexpression and ECM during malignancy has not been established in bladder cancer (BC). Here, we analyzed the interaction of Sig1R and β-integrin in BC cells and its role in ECM-mediated cell proliferation and angiogenesis. We found that Sig1R forms a complex with β-integrin to promote ECM-mediated BC cell proliferation and angiogenesis, which enhances the aggressiveness of the tumor cells. This leads to poor survival. Our research revealed that Sig1R mediates the cross-talk between BC cells and their ECM microenvironment, thereby driving the progression of BC. Promisingly, targeting an ion channel function through Sig1R inhibition may serve as a potential approach for BC treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Feng Zhao
- Department of Urology, Nanjing First Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 210006, China
| | - Tianli Yang
- Department of Urology, Nanjing First Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 210006, China
| | - Liuhua Zhou
- Department of Urology, Nanjing First Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 210006, China
| | - Rongfei Li
- Department of Urology, Nanjing First Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 210006, China
| | - Jingyu Liu
- Department of Urology, Nanjing First Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 210006, China
| | - Jun Zhao
- Department of Urology, Nanjing First Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 210006, China
| | - Ruipeng Jia
- Department of Urology, Nanjing First Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 210006, China
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7
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Talhada D, Ruscher K. Performing Enriched Environment Studies to Improve Functional Recovery. Methods Mol Biol 2023; 2616:355-366. [PMID: 36715945 DOI: 10.1007/978-1-0716-2926-0_24] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/31/2023]
Abstract
Physical therapy and social interactions between the stroke patient and healthcare professionals or relatives facilitate the process of recovery and promote improvement of lost neurological function after stroke. These observations can be mimicked in an experimental setting by multimodal stimulation provided in the concept of enriched environment. The enriched environment is a housing condition combining social interactions and sensorimotor stimulation that improves lost neurological function without affecting the extent of brain damage after experimental stroke. This chapter provides a detailed protocol on how to perform enriched housing experiments including conceptual and technical considerations as a tool to investigate mechanisms of recovery after brain injury.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniela Talhada
- Laboratory for Experimental Brain Research, Wallenberg Neuroscience Center, Lund University, Lund, Sweden
| | - Karsten Ruscher
- Laboratory for Experimental Brain Research, Wallenberg Neuroscience Center, Lund University, Lund, Sweden.
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Sun H, Wu M, Wang M, Zhang X, Zhu J. The regulatory role of endoplasmic reticulum chaperone proteins in neurodevelopment. Front Neurosci 2022; 16:1032607. [DOI: 10.3389/fnins.2022.1032607] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2022] [Accepted: 10/25/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
The endoplasmic reticulum (ER) is the largest tubular reticular organelle spanning the cell. As the main site of protein synthesis, Ca2+ homeostasis maintenance and lipid metabolism, the ER plays a variety of essential roles in eukaryotic cells, with ER molecular chaperones participate in all these processes. In recent years, it has been reported that the abnormal expression of ER chaperones often leads to a variety of neurodevelopmental disorders (NDDs), including abnormal neuronal migration, neuronal morphogenesis, and synaptic function. Neuronal development is a complex and precisely regulated process. Currently, the mechanism by which neural development is regulated at the ER level remains under investigation. Therefore, in this work, we reviewed the recent advances in the roles of ER chaperones in neural development and developmental disorders caused by the deficiency of these molecular chaperones.
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Liu Q, Guo Q, Fang LP, Yao H, Scheller A, Kirchhoff F, Huang W. Specific detection and deletion of the sigma-1 receptor widely expressed in neurons and glial cells in vivo. J Neurochem 2022; 164:764-785. [PMID: 36084044 DOI: 10.1111/jnc.15693] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/19/2022] [Revised: 08/16/2022] [Accepted: 09/05/2022] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
The chaperon protein sigma-1 receptor (S1R) has been discovered over forty years ago. Recent pharmacological studies using S1R exogenous ligands demonstrated a promising therapeutical potential of targeting the S1R for several neurological disorders. Although intensive in vitro studies have revealed S1Rs are mainly residing at the membrane of the endoplasmic reticulum (ER), the cell-specific in vivo expression pattern of S1Rs is still unclear, mainly due to the lack of a reliable detection method which also prevented a comprehensive functional analysis. Here, first, we identified a highly specific antibody using S1R knockout (KO) mice and established an immunohistochemical protocol involving a 1% SDS antigen retrieval step. Second, we characterized the S1R expression in the mouse brain and can demonstrate that the S1R is widely expressed: in principal neurons, interneurons, and all glial cell types. In addition, unlike reported in previous studies, we showed that the S1R expression in astrocytes is not colocalized with the astrocytic cytoskeleton protein GFAP. Thus, our results raise concerns over previously reported S1R properties. Finally, we generated a Cre-dependent S1R conditional KO mouse (S1R flox) to study cell type-specific functions of the S1R. As a proof of concept, we successfully ablated S1R expressions in neurons or microglia employing neuronal and microglial Cre-expressing mice, respectively. In summary, we provide powerful tools to cell-specifically detect, delete and functionally characterize S1R in vivo.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qing Liu
- Molecular Physiology, CIPMM, University of Saarland, Homburg, Germany
| | - Qilin Guo
- Molecular Physiology, CIPMM, University of Saarland, Homburg, Germany
| | - Li-Pao Fang
- Molecular Physiology, CIPMM, University of Saarland, Homburg, Germany
| | - Honghong Yao
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, Southeast University, Nanjing, China
| | - Anja Scheller
- Molecular Physiology, CIPMM, University of Saarland, Homburg, Germany
| | - Frank Kirchhoff
- Molecular Physiology, CIPMM, University of Saarland, Homburg, Germany
| | - Wenhui Huang
- Molecular Physiology, CIPMM, University of Saarland, Homburg, Germany
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Li N, Sun J, Chen JL, Bai X, Wang TH. Gene Network Mechanism of Zhilong Huoxue Tongyu Capsule in Treating Cerebral Ischemia–Reperfusion. Front Pharmacol 2022; 13:912392. [PMID: 35873563 PMCID: PMC9302771 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2022.912392] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/05/2022] [Accepted: 05/16/2022] [Indexed: 01/23/2023] Open
Abstract
Objective: To investigate the effect of Zhilong Huoxue Tongyu capsule (ZLH) in the treatment of cerebral ischemia–reperfusion injury and determine the underlying molecular network mechanism. Methods: The treatment effect of Zhilong Huoxue Tongyu capsule (ZLH) was evaluated for cerebral ischemia–reperfusion injury in middle cerebral artery occlusion (MACO) rat, and the underlying molecular network mechanism was explored by using molecular network analysis based on network pharmacology, bioinformatics including protein–protein interaction (PPI) network, Gene Ontology (GO), and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG), as well as molecular docking. Results: The neurological function of rats in the ZLH group was significantly improved compared to those in the NS group (p = 0.000), confirming the positive effect of ZLH for the treatment of brain ischemia. There were 126 intersecting genes screened in ischemia–reperfusion cerebrum that are associated with several important biological processes, such as lipopolysaccharide, and the most important cell component, such as raft, as well as the most important molecular function pointed as cytokine receptor binding. The most important KEGG signaling pathway was the AGE-RAGE signaling pathway in diabetic complications. Moreover, according to the STRING interaction in the PPI network, 10 hub genes including MAPK14, FOS, MAPK1, JUN, MYC, RELA, ESR1, STAT1, AKT1, and IL6 were selected and exhibited in Cytoscape and molecular docking. Lastly, the relation between PPI, GO, and KEGG was analyzed. These findings indicated that multiple hub network genes have been involved in behavior improvement in cerebral ischemia–reperfusion rats subjected to ZLH treatment. Conclusion: Zhilong Huoxue Tongyu capsule improves cerebral ischemia–reperfusion and is associated with multiple network gene expressions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Na Li
- Liaoning Key Laboratory of Diabetic Cognitive and Perceptive Dysfunction, Jinzhou Medical University, Jinzhou, China
| | - Jie Sun
- Department of Neurosurgery, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Ji-Lin Chen
- Liaoning Key Laboratory of Diabetic Cognitive and Perceptive Dysfunction, Jinzhou Medical University, Jinzhou, China
| | - Xue Bai
- Department of Encephalopathy, Affiliated Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China
- *Correspondence: Ting-Hua Wang, ; Xue Bai,
| | - Ting-Hua Wang
- Liaoning Key Laboratory of Diabetic Cognitive and Perceptive Dysfunction, Jinzhou Medical University, Jinzhou, China
- Department of Neurosurgery, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
- *Correspondence: Ting-Hua Wang, ; Xue Bai,
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Vorobyeva N, Kozlova AA. Three Naturally-Occurring Psychedelics and Their Significance in the Treatment of Mental Health Disorders. Front Pharmacol 2022; 13:927984. [PMID: 35837277 PMCID: PMC9274002 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2022.927984] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/25/2022] [Accepted: 06/06/2022] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Classical psychedelics represent a family of psychoactive substances with structural similarities to serotonin and affinity for serotonin receptors. A growing number of studies have found that psychedelics can be effective in treating various psychiatric conditions, including post-traumatic stress disorder, major depressive disorder, anxiety, and substance use disorders. Mental health disorders are extremely prevalent in the general population constituting a major problem for the public health. There are a wide variety of interventions for mental health disorders, including pharmacological therapies and psychotherapies, however, treatment resistance still remains a particular challenge in this field, and relapse rates are also quite high. In recent years, psychedelics have become one of the promising new tools for the treatment of mental health disorders. In this review, we will discuss the three classic serotonergic naturally occurring psychedelics, psilocybin, ibogaine, and N, N-dimethyltryptamine, focusing on their pharmacological properties and clinical potential. The purpose of this article is to provide a focused review of the most relevant research into the therapeutic potential of these substances and their possible integration as alternative or adjuvant options to existing pharmacological and psychological therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nataliya Vorobyeva
- Hive Bio Life Sciences Ltd., London, United Kingdom
- *Correspondence: Nataliya Vorobyeva,
| | - Alena A. Kozlova
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University Hospital Carl Gustav Carus, Technische Universität Dresden, Dresden, Germany
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12
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He T, Yang GY, Zhang Z. Crosstalk of Astrocytes and Other Cells during Ischemic Stroke. LIFE (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2022; 12:life12060910. [PMID: 35743941 PMCID: PMC9228674 DOI: 10.3390/life12060910] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/25/2022] [Revised: 06/04/2022] [Accepted: 06/07/2022] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
Stroke is a leading cause of death and long-term disability worldwide. Astrocytes structurally compose tripartite synapses, blood–brain barrier, and the neurovascular unit and perform multiple functions through cell-to-cell signaling of neurons, glial cells, and vasculature. The crosstalk of astrocytes and other cells is complicated and incompletely understood. Here we review the role of astrocytes in response to ischemic stroke, both beneficial and detrimental, from a cell–cell interaction perspective. Reactive astrocytes provide neuroprotection through antioxidation and antiexcitatory effects and metabolic support; they also contribute to neurorestoration involving neurogenesis, synaptogenesis, angiogenesis, and oligodendrogenesis by crosstalk with stem cells and cell lineage. In the meantime, reactive astrocytes also play a vital role in neuroinflammation and brain edema. Glial scar formation in the chronic phase hinders functional recovery. We further discuss astrocyte enriched microRNAs and exosomes in the regulation of ischemic stroke. In addition, the latest notion of reactive astrocyte subsets and astrocytic activity revealed by optogenetics is mentioned. This review discusses the current understanding of the intimate molecular conversation between astrocytes and other cells and outlines its potential implications after ischemic stroke. “Neurocentric” strategies may not be sufficient for neurological protection and recovery; future therapeutic strategies could target reactive astrocytes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tingting He
- Department of Neurology, Shanghai Tenth People’s Hospital, Tongji University, Shanghai 200072, China;
- Neuroscience and Neuroengineering Center, Med-X Research Institute and School of Biomedical Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200030, China
| | - Guo-Yuan Yang
- Neuroscience and Neuroengineering Center, Med-X Research Institute and School of Biomedical Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200030, China
- Correspondence: (G.-Y.Y.); (Z.Z.); Tel.: +86-21-62933186 (G.-Y.Y.); Fax: +86-21-62932302 (G.-Y.Y.)
| | - Zhijun Zhang
- Neuroscience and Neuroengineering Center, Med-X Research Institute and School of Biomedical Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200030, China
- Correspondence: (G.-Y.Y.); (Z.Z.); Tel.: +86-21-62933186 (G.-Y.Y.); Fax: +86-21-62932302 (G.-Y.Y.)
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Chen YL, Tong L, Chen Y, Fu CH, Peng JB, Ji LL. MiR-153 downregulation alleviates PTSD-like behaviors and reduces cell apoptosis by upregulating the Sigma-1 receptor in the hippocampus of rats exposed to single-prolonged stress. Exp Neurol 2022; 352:114034. [PMID: 35259352 DOI: 10.1016/j.expneurol.2022.114034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/15/2021] [Revised: 02/24/2022] [Accepted: 03/01/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) is a psychiatric disorder that may lead to a series of changes in the central nervous system, including impaired synaptic plasticity, neuronal dendritic spine loss, enhanced apoptosis and increased inflammation. However, the specific mechanism of PTSD has not been studied clearly. In the present study, we found that the level of miR-153-3p in the hippocampus of rats exposed tosingle-prolonged stresss (SPS) was upregulated, but its downstream target σ-1R showed a significant decrease. The downregulation of miR-153 could alleviate the PTSD-like behaviors in the rats exposed to SPS, and this effect might be related to the upregulation of σ-1R and PSD95. Furthermore, anti-miR-153 could also increase the dendritic spine density and reduce cell apoptosis in the hippocampus of SPS rats. In addition, we showed that the mTOR signaling pathway might be involved in the regulation of σ-1R in the hippocampus of rats exposed to SPS. The results of this study indicated that miR-153 might alleviate PTSD-like behaviors by regulating cell morphology and reducing cell apoptosis in the hippocampus of rats exposed to SPS by targeting σ-1R, which might be related to the mTOR signaling pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu-Lu Chen
- Department of Anatomy, College of Basic Medical Sciences, China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Lei Tong
- Department of Anatomy, College of Basic Medical Sciences, China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Yao Chen
- Department of Anatomy, College of Basic Medical Sciences, China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Chang-Hai Fu
- Department of Anatomy, College of Basic Medical Sciences, China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Jun-Bo Peng
- Department of Anatomy, College of Basic Medical Sciences, China Medical University, Shenyang, China.
| | - Li-Li Ji
- Department of Anatomy, College of Basic Medical Sciences, China Medical University, Shenyang, China.
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14
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Enriched Environment Effects on Myelination of the Central Nervous System: Role of Glial Cells. Neural Plast 2022; 2022:5766993. [PMID: 35465398 PMCID: PMC9023233 DOI: 10.1155/2022/5766993] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/27/2021] [Revised: 01/20/2022] [Accepted: 03/09/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Myelination is regulated by various glial cells in the central nervous system (CNS), including oligodendrocytes (OLs), microglia, and astrocytes. Myelination of the CNS requires the generation of functionally mature OLs from OPCs. OLs are the myelin-forming cells in the CNS. Microglia play both beneficial and detrimental roles during myelin damage and repair. Astrocyte is responsible for myelin formation and regeneration by direct interaction with oligodendrocyte lineage cells. These glial cells are influenced by experience-dependent activities such as environmental enrichment (EE). To date, there are few studies that have investigated the association between EE and glial cells. EE with a complex combination of sensorimotor, cognitive, and social stimulation has a significant effect on cognitive impairment and brain plasticity. Hence, one mechanism through EE improving cognitive function may rely on the mutual effect of EE and glial cells. The purpose of this paper is to review recent research into the efficacy of EE for myelination and glial cells at cellular and molecular levels and offers critical insights for future research directions of EE and the treatment of EE in cognitive impairment disease.
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15
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An Y, Qi Y, Li Y, Li Z, Yang C, Jia D. Activation of the sigma-1 receptor attenuates blood-brain barrier disruption by inhibiting amyloid deposition in Alzheimer's disease mice. Neurosci Lett 2022; 774:136528. [PMID: 35157973 DOI: 10.1016/j.neulet.2022.136528] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2021] [Revised: 02/03/2022] [Accepted: 02/09/2022] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
The sigma-1 receptor is an important target for drug development in several neuropsychiatric diseases, including Alzheimer's disease (AD). Accumulating evidence has shown that the integrity and functional activity of the blood-brain barrier (BBB) in AD are impaired, which is closely related to the movement of amyloid beta (Aβ) across the BBB and the formation of Aβ plaques. In this study, we investigated the effects of sigma-1 receptor activation on BBB disruption and Aβ levels in AD mice. We found that PRE-084, a sigma-1 receptor agonist, attenuated learning and memory deficits in Aβ-injected mice, significantly increased levels of low-density lipoprotein receptor-related protein 1 (LRP-1), and lowered the Aβ level synergistically in the brain. Moreover, the upregulation of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) levels through the sigma-1 receptor may be involved in the reduction of the BBB permeability by PRE-084. The identification of this previously unexplored role of the sigma-1 receptor in alleviating BBB disruption via upregulating the levels of VEGF and LRP-1 in AD suggests that reversing BBB dysfunction through sigma-1 receptor activation may be a promising treatment for AD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yang An
- College of Graduate School, Liaoning University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shenyang 110034, PR China
| | - Yue Qi
- Department of Pharmacology, The Second Hospital Affiliated to Liaoning Chinese Medical University, Shenyang 110034, PR China
| | - Ying Li
- College of Graduate School, Liaoning University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shenyang 110034, PR China
| | - Zhao Li
- Department of Pharmacology, Shenyang Medical College, Shenyang 110034, PR China
| | - Caiyu Yang
- College of Graduate School, Liaoning University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shenyang 110034, PR China
| | - Dong Jia
- College of Graduate School, Liaoning University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shenyang 110034, PR China.
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16
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Jaganjac M, Milkovic L, Zarkovic N, Zarkovic K. Oxidative stress and regeneration. Free Radic Biol Med 2022; 181:154-165. [PMID: 35149216 DOI: 10.1016/j.freeradbiomed.2022.02.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 24.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/19/2021] [Accepted: 02/06/2022] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Regeneration is the process of replacing/restoring a damaged cell/tissue/organ to its full function and is limited respecting complexity of specific organ structures and the level of differentiation of the cells. Unlike physiological cell turnover, this tissue replacement form is activated upon pathological stimuli such as injury and/or disease that usually involves inflammatory response. To which extent will tissue repair itself depends on many factors and involves different mechanisms. Oxidative stress is one of them, either acute, as in case of traumatic brin injury or chronic, as in case of neurodegeneration, oxidative stress within brain involves lipid peroxidation, which generates reactive aldehydes, such as 4-hydroxynonenal (4-HNE). While 4-HNE is certainly neurotoxic and causes disruption of the blood brain barrier in case of severe injuries, it is also physiologically produced by glial cells, especially astrocytes, but its physiological roles within CNS are not understood. Because 4-HNE can regulate the response of the other cells in the body to stress, enhance their antioxidant capacities, proliferation and differentiation, we could assume that it may also have some beneficial role for neuroregeneration. Therefore, future studies on the relevance of 4-HNE for the interaction between neuronal cells, notably stem cells and reactive astrocytes might reveal novel options to better monitor and treat consequences or brain injuries, neurodegeneration and regeneration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Morana Jaganjac
- Rudjer Boskovic Institute, Laboratory for Oxidative Stress (LabOS), Div. Molecular Medicine, Bijenicka 54, Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Lidija Milkovic
- Rudjer Boskovic Institute, Laboratory for Oxidative Stress (LabOS), Div. Molecular Medicine, Bijenicka 54, Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Neven Zarkovic
- Rudjer Boskovic Institute, Laboratory for Oxidative Stress (LabOS), Div. Molecular Medicine, Bijenicka 54, Zagreb, Croatia.
| | - Kamelija Zarkovic
- University of Zagreb, School of Medicine, Div. of Pathology, Neuropathology Unit, University Hospital Centre Zagreb, Kispaticeva 12, Zagreb, Croatia
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17
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Shin SM, Wang F, Qiu C, Itson-Zoske B, Hogan QH, Yu H. Sigma-1 receptor activity in primary sensory neurons is a critical driver of neuropathic pain. Gene Ther 2022; 29:1-15. [PMID: 32424233 PMCID: PMC7671947 DOI: 10.1038/s41434-020-0157-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2020] [Revised: 04/21/2020] [Accepted: 05/04/2020] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
The Sigma-1 receptor (σ1R) is highly expressed in the primary sensory neurons (PSNs) that are the critical site of initiation and maintenance of pain following peripheral nerve injury. By immunoblot and immunohistochemistry, we observed increased expression of both σ1R and σ1R-binding immunoglobulin protein (BiP) in the lumbar (L) dorsal root ganglia (DRG) ipsilateral to painful neuropathy induced by spared nerve injury (SNI). To evaluate the therapeutic potential of PSN-targeted σ1R inhibition at a selected segmental level, we designed a recombinant adeno-associated viral (AAV) vector expressing a small hairpin RNA (shRNA) against rat σ1R. Injection of this vector into the L4/L5 DRGs induced downregulation of σ1R in DRG neurons of all size groups, while expression of BiP was not affected. This was accompanied by attenuation of SNI-induced cutaneous mechanical and thermal hypersensitivity. Whole-cell current-clamp recordings of dissociated neurons showed that knockdown of σ1R suppressed neuronal excitability, suggesting that σ1R silencing attenuates pain by reversal of injury-induced neuronal hyperexcitability. These findings support a critical role of σ1R in modulating PSN nociceptive functions, and that the nerve injury-induced elevated σ1R activity in the PSNs can be a significant driver of neuropathic pain. Further understanding the role of PSN-σ1R in pain pathology may open routes to exploit this system for DRG-targeted pain therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Seung Min Shin
- Department of Anesthesiology, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI, 53226, USA
- Zablocki Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Milwaukee, WI, 53295, USA
| | - Fei Wang
- Department of Anesthesiology, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI, 53226, USA
- Medical Experiment Center, Shaanxi University of Chinese Medicine, Xianyang, 712046, Shaanxi, PR China
| | - Chensheng Qiu
- Department of Anesthesiology, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI, 53226, USA
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, 266000, PR China
| | - Brandon Itson-Zoske
- Department of Anesthesiology, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI, 53226, USA
| | - Quinn H Hogan
- Department of Anesthesiology, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI, 53226, USA
- Zablocki Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Milwaukee, WI, 53295, USA
| | - Hongwei Yu
- Department of Anesthesiology, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI, 53226, USA.
- Zablocki Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Milwaukee, WI, 53295, USA.
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18
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Abatematteo FS, Mosier PD, Niso M, Brunetti L, Berardi F, Loiodice F, Contino M, Delprat B, Maurice T, Laghezza A, Abate C. Development of novel phenoxyalkylpiperidines as high-affinity Sigma-1 (σ 1) receptor ligands with potent anti-amnesic effect. Eur J Med Chem 2022; 228:114038. [PMID: 34902734 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2021.114038] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2021] [Revised: 09/24/2021] [Accepted: 12/01/2021] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
The sigma-1 (σ1) receptor plays a significant role in many normal physiological functions and pathological disease states, and as such represents an attractive therapeutic target for both agonists and antagonists. Here, we describe a novel series of phenoxyalkylpiperidines based on the lead compound 1-[ω-(4-chlorophenoxy)ethyl]-4-methylpiperidine (1a) in which the degree of methylation at the carbon atoms alpha to the piperidine nitrogen was systematically varied. The affinity at σ1 and σ2 receptors and at Δ8-Δ7 sterol isomerase (SI) ranged from subnanomolar to micromolar Ki values. While the highest-affinity was displayed at the σ1, the increase of the degree of methylation in the piperidine ring progressively decreased the affinity. The subnanomolar affinity 1a and 1-[ω-(4-methoxyphenoxy)ethyl]-4-methylpiperidine (1b) displayed potent anti-amnesic effects associated with σ1 receptor agonism, in two memory tests. Automated receptor-small-molecule ligand docking provided a molecular structure-based rationale for the agonistic effects of 1a and 1b. Overall, the class of the phenoxyalkylpiperidines holds potential for the development of high affinity σ1 receptor agonists, and compound 1a, that appears as the best in class (exceeding by far the activity of the reference compound PRE-084) deserves further investigation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Francesca S Abatematteo
- Dipartimento di Farmacia-Scienze del Farmaco, Università degli Studi di Bari, ALDO MORO, Via Orabona, 4, I-70125, Bari, Italy
| | - Philip D Mosier
- Department of Biopharmaceutical Sciences, School of Pharmacy, Medical College of Wisconsin, 8701 Watertown Plank Road, Milwaukee, WI 53226, USA
| | - Mauro Niso
- Dipartimento di Farmacia-Scienze del Farmaco, Università degli Studi di Bari, ALDO MORO, Via Orabona, 4, I-70125, Bari, Italy
| | - Leonardo Brunetti
- Dipartimento di Farmacia-Scienze del Farmaco, Università degli Studi di Bari, ALDO MORO, Via Orabona, 4, I-70125, Bari, Italy
| | - Francesco Berardi
- Dipartimento di Farmacia-Scienze del Farmaco, Università degli Studi di Bari, ALDO MORO, Via Orabona, 4, I-70125, Bari, Italy
| | - Fulvio Loiodice
- Dipartimento di Farmacia-Scienze del Farmaco, Università degli Studi di Bari, ALDO MORO, Via Orabona, 4, I-70125, Bari, Italy
| | - Marialessandra Contino
- Dipartimento di Farmacia-Scienze del Farmaco, Università degli Studi di Bari, ALDO MORO, Via Orabona, 4, I-70125, Bari, Italy
| | - Benjamin Delprat
- MMDN, University of Montpellier, EPHE, INSERM, Montpellier, France
| | - Tangui Maurice
- MMDN, University of Montpellier, EPHE, INSERM, Montpellier, France
| | - Antonio Laghezza
- Dipartimento di Farmacia-Scienze del Farmaco, Università degli Studi di Bari, ALDO MORO, Via Orabona, 4, I-70125, Bari, Italy.
| | - Carmen Abate
- Dipartimento di Farmacia-Scienze del Farmaco, Università degli Studi di Bari, ALDO MORO, Via Orabona, 4, I-70125, Bari, Italy.
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19
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Rodríguez LR, Lapeña-Luzón T, Benetó N, Beltran-Beltran V, Pallardó FV, Gonzalez-Cabo P, Navarro JA. Therapeutic Strategies Targeting Mitochondrial Calcium Signaling: A New Hope for Neurological Diseases? Antioxidants (Basel) 2022; 11:antiox11010165. [PMID: 35052668 PMCID: PMC8773297 DOI: 10.3390/antiox11010165] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2021] [Revised: 01/12/2022] [Accepted: 01/13/2022] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Calcium (Ca2+) is a versatile secondary messenger involved in the regulation of a plethora of different signaling pathways for cell maintenance. Specifically, intracellular Ca2+ homeostasis is mainly regulated by the endoplasmic reticulum and the mitochondria, whose Ca2+ exchange is mediated by appositions, termed endoplasmic reticulum-mitochondria-associated membranes (MAMs), formed by proteins resident in both compartments. These tethers are essential to manage the mitochondrial Ca2+ influx that regulates the mitochondrial function of bioenergetics, mitochondrial dynamics, cell death, and oxidative stress. However, alterations of these pathways lead to the development of multiple human diseases, including neurological disorders, such as amyotrophic lateral sclerosis, Friedreich's ataxia, and Charcot-Marie-Tooth. A common hallmark in these disorders is mitochondrial dysfunction, associated with abnormal mitochondrial Ca2+ handling that contributes to neurodegeneration. In this work, we highlight the importance of Ca2+ signaling in mitochondria and how the mechanism of communication in MAMs is pivotal for mitochondrial maintenance and cell homeostasis. Lately, we outstand potential targets located in MAMs by addressing different therapeutic strategies focused on restoring mitochondrial Ca2+ uptake as an emergent approach for neurological diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laura R. Rodríguez
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, Universitat de València-INCLIVA, 46010 Valencia, Spain; (T.L.-L.); (N.B.); (V.B.-B.); (F.V.P.)
- Associated Unit for Rare Diseases INCLIVA-CIPF, 46010 Valencia, Spain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Raras (CIBERER), 46010 Valencia, Spain
- Correspondence: (L.R.R.); (P.G.-C.); (J.A.N.)
| | - Tamara Lapeña-Luzón
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, Universitat de València-INCLIVA, 46010 Valencia, Spain; (T.L.-L.); (N.B.); (V.B.-B.); (F.V.P.)
- Associated Unit for Rare Diseases INCLIVA-CIPF, 46010 Valencia, Spain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Raras (CIBERER), 46010 Valencia, Spain
| | - Noelia Benetó
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, Universitat de València-INCLIVA, 46010 Valencia, Spain; (T.L.-L.); (N.B.); (V.B.-B.); (F.V.P.)
- Associated Unit for Rare Diseases INCLIVA-CIPF, 46010 Valencia, Spain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Raras (CIBERER), 46010 Valencia, Spain
| | - Vicent Beltran-Beltran
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, Universitat de València-INCLIVA, 46010 Valencia, Spain; (T.L.-L.); (N.B.); (V.B.-B.); (F.V.P.)
| | - Federico V. Pallardó
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, Universitat de València-INCLIVA, 46010 Valencia, Spain; (T.L.-L.); (N.B.); (V.B.-B.); (F.V.P.)
- Associated Unit for Rare Diseases INCLIVA-CIPF, 46010 Valencia, Spain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Raras (CIBERER), 46010 Valencia, Spain
| | - Pilar Gonzalez-Cabo
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, Universitat de València-INCLIVA, 46010 Valencia, Spain; (T.L.-L.); (N.B.); (V.B.-B.); (F.V.P.)
- Associated Unit for Rare Diseases INCLIVA-CIPF, 46010 Valencia, Spain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Raras (CIBERER), 46010 Valencia, Spain
- Correspondence: (L.R.R.); (P.G.-C.); (J.A.N.)
| | - Juan Antonio Navarro
- Department of Genetics, Universitat de València-INCLIVA, 46100 Valencia, Spain
- INCLIVA Biomedical Research Institute, 46010 Valencia, Spain
- Correspondence: (L.R.R.); (P.G.-C.); (J.A.N.)
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20
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Liew SL, Lin DJ, Cramer SC. Interventions to Improve Recovery After Stroke. Stroke 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/b978-0-323-69424-7.00061-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
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21
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Administration of N,N-dimethyltryptamine (DMT) in psychedelic therapeutics and research and the study of endogenous DMT. Psychopharmacology (Berl) 2022; 239:1749-1763. [PMID: 35064294 PMCID: PMC8782705 DOI: 10.1007/s00213-022-06065-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/12/2021] [Accepted: 01/11/2022] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
As with all drugs, the route, form, and/or dose of a substance administered or applied can play a defining role in its overall pharmacology and use as a therapeutic. This review will focus on these factors as they relate to the psychedelic N,N-dimethyltryptamine (DMT). It will examine the positive and negative aspects of different formulations and routes of administration of DMT and the observed effects from such administrations in the form of ayahuasca teas; oral "pharmahuasca"; injections by intravenous (IV) and intramuscular (IM) routes; inhalation, insufflation; and other routes; and high-dose, low-dose, and "micro-dose" effects. The review will consider possible oral route of administration alternatives that would not require concomitant use of a monoamine oxidase inhibitor. The review will then address the current research findings for DMT from in vivo and in vitro studies as well as the possibility that these findings may be revealing the role of endogenous DMT in normal brain function.
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22
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Dalwadi DA, Kim S, Schetz J, Schreihofer DA, Kim S. Brain-derived neurotrophic factor for high-throughput evaluation of selective Sigma-1 receptor ligands. J Pharmacol Toxicol Methods 2022; 113:107129. [PMID: 34678430 PMCID: PMC9358981 DOI: 10.1016/j.vascn.2021.107129] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2021] [Revised: 10/13/2021] [Accepted: 10/13/2021] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Abstract
The Sigma-1 receptor (S1R) is an endoplasmic reticulum (ER) chaperone protein that has been implicated in attenuating inflammatory stress-mediated brain injuries. Selective S1R agonists represent a new class of therapeutic agent for treating neuropsychiatric and neurodegenerative disorders, however, to date, no S1R ligand has been approved for therapeutic purposes. We used three potential methods on known and potential S1R ligands to develop an unambiguous high-throughput cell screen for S1R activity. We screened known and potential S1R ligands using radioligand binding and previously reported markers of S1R activity including BDNF release, modulation of IP3 mediated calcium release, and modulation of NGF-induced neurite sprouting. Here, we present results several prototypical S1R compounds and some compounds with the potential for drug repurposing. Using an in-situ ELISA approach we demonstrated that these compounds could stimulate S1R-mediated BDNF release, which is a valuable therapeutic property since BDNF plays a critical role in neuronal support. These compounds were classified as S1R agonists because the BDNF response was comparable to the prototypical agonist 4-PPBP and because it could be reversed by a S1R selective concentration of the antagonist BD1063. When modulation of IP3 mediated calcium response and NGF-induced neurite sprouting were used as a measure of S1R activation, we were unable to reproduce the published results and determined that they are not reliable measures for evaluating functional properties of S1R ligands.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dhwanil A Dalwadi
- Department of Pharmacology & Neuroscience, University of North Texas Health Science Center, Fort Worth, TX 76107, USA; Department of Medicine, Division of Gastroenterology, Oregon Health Sciences University, Portland, OR 97239, USA
| | - Stephanie Kim
- Department of Pharmacology & Neuroscience, University of North Texas Health Science Center, Fort Worth, TX 76107, USA; University of Texas Medical Branch at Galveston, School of Medicine, Galveston, TX 77555, USA
| | - John Schetz
- Department of Pharmacology & Neuroscience, University of North Texas Health Science Center, Fort Worth, TX 76107, USA
| | - Derek A Schreihofer
- Department of Pharmacology & Neuroscience, University of North Texas Health Science Center, Fort Worth, TX 76107, USA
| | - Seongcheol Kim
- Department of Pharmacology & Neuroscience, University of North Texas Health Science Center, Fort Worth, TX 76107, USA; Department of Cellular and Molecular Physiology, Loyola University Chicago Stritch School of Medicine, Maywood, IL 60153, USA.
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23
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Wu NH, Ye Y, Wan BB, Yu YD, Liu C, Chen QJ. Emerging Benefits: Pathophysiological Functions and Target Drugs of the Sigma-1 Receptor in Neurodegenerative Diseases. Mol Neurobiol 2021; 58:5649-5666. [PMID: 34383254 DOI: 10.1007/s12035-021-02524-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2021] [Accepted: 08/05/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
The sigma-1 receptor (Sig-1R) is encoded by the SIGMAR1 gene and is a nonopioid transmembrane receptor located in the mitochondrial-associated endoplasmic reticulum membrane (MAM). It helps to locate endoplasmic reticulum calcium channels, regulates calcium homeostasis, and acts as a molecular chaperone to control cell fate and participate in signal transduction. It plays an important role in protecting neurons through a variety of signaling pathways and participates in the regulation of cognition and motor behavior closely related to neurodegenerative diseases. Based on its neuroprotective effects, Sig-1R has now become a breakthrough target for alleviating Alzheimer's disease and other neurodegenerative diseases. This article reviews the most cutting-edge research on the function of Sig-1R under normal or pathologic conditions and target drugs of the sigma-1 receptor in neurodegenerative diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ning-Hua Wu
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Diabetes and Angiopathy, Hubei University of Science and Technology, Xianning, 437000, Hubei, China
- Basic Medical College, Hubei University of Science and Technology, Xianning, 437000, Hubei, China
| | - Yu Ye
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Diabetes and Angiopathy, Hubei University of Science and Technology, Xianning, 437000, Hubei, China
| | - Bin-Bin Wan
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Diabetes and Angiopathy, Hubei University of Science and Technology, Xianning, 437000, Hubei, China
| | - Yuan-Dong Yu
- Department of Oncology, Renmin Hospital, Hubei University of Medicine, Shiyan, 442000, Hubei, China
| | - Chao Liu
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Diabetes and Angiopathy, Hubei University of Science and Technology, Xianning, 437000, Hubei, China.
| | - Qing-Jie Chen
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Diabetes and Angiopathy, Hubei University of Science and Technology, Xianning, 437000, Hubei, China.
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24
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Wakabayashi H, Taki J, Mori H, Hiromasa T, Akatani N, Inaki A, Kozaka T, Shiba K, Ogawa K, Kinuya S. Visualization of Dynamic Expression of Myocardial Sigma-1 Receptor After Myocardial Ischemia and Reperfusion Using Radioiodine-Labeled 2-[4-(2-iodophenyl)piperidino]cyclopentanol (OI5V) Imaging. Circ J 2021; 85:2102-2108. [PMID: 34176868 DOI: 10.1253/circj.cj-21-0320] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND This study chronologically evaluated the expression of the intensity and distribution of the sigma-1 receptor (σ1R) demonstrated by radiolabeled 2-[4-(2-iodophenyl)piperidino]cyclopentanol (OI5V) in a rat model of myocardial ischemia and reperfusion.Methods and Results:The left coronary artery was occluded for 30 min, followed by reperfusion. Dual-tracer autoradiography with 125I-OI5V and 99 mTc-MIBI was performed to assess the spatiotemporal changes in 125I-OI5V uptake (n=5-6). Significant and peaked 125I-OI5V uptake in the ischemic area was observed at 3 days after reperfusion, and the 125I-OI5V uptake ratio of ischemic area to normally perfused left ventricular area decreased gradually from 3 to 28 days (mean value±SD; 0.90±0.12 at 1 day, 1.89±0.19 at 3 days, 1.52±0.17 at 7 days, 1.34±0.13 at 14 days, and 1.16±0.14 at 28 days, respectively). Triple-tracer autoradiography with 125I-OI5V, 99 mTc-MIBI, and 201TlCl was performed to evaluate 125I-OI5V uptake in the ischemic area in relation to the residual perfusion at 7 days (n=4). The 125I-OI5V uptake ratio of the non-salvaged area was higher compared to that of the salvaged area in the ischemic area. 123I-OI5V and 99 mTc-MIBI SPECT/CT was performed 3 days after reperfusion (n=3), and the in vivo images showed clear uptake of 123I-OI5V in the perfusion defect area. CONCLUSIONS The present study confirmed the spatiotemporal expression pattern of σ1R expression. Non-invasive σ1R imaging with 123I or 125I-OI5V was feasible to monitor the expression of σ1R after myocardial ischemia and reperfusion.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Junichi Taki
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Kanazawa University Hospital
| | - Hiroshi Mori
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Kanazawa University Hospital
| | - Tomo Hiromasa
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Kanazawa University Hospital
| | | | - Anri Inaki
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Kanazawa University Hospital
| | - Takashi Kozaka
- Division of Tracer Kinetics, Advanced Science Research Center, Kanazawa University
| | - Kazuhiro Shiba
- Division of Tracer Kinetics, Advanced Science Research Center, Kanazawa University
| | - Kazuma Ogawa
- Institute for Frontier Science Initiative, Kanazawa University
| | - Seigo Kinuya
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Kanazawa University Hospital
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25
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Shi M, Chen F, Chen Z, Yang W, Yue S, Zhang J, Chen X. Sigma-1 Receptor: A Potential Therapeutic Target for Traumatic Brain Injury. Front Cell Neurosci 2021; 15:685201. [PMID: 34658788 PMCID: PMC8515188 DOI: 10.3389/fncel.2021.685201] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/24/2021] [Accepted: 09/13/2021] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
The sigma-1 receptor (Sig-1R) is a chaperone receptor that primarily resides at the mitochondria-associated endoplasmic reticulum (ER) membrane (MAM) and acts as a dynamic pluripotent modulator regulating cellular pathophysiological processes. Multiple pharmacological studies have confirmed the beneficial effects of Sig-1R activation on cellular calcium homeostasis, excitotoxicity modulation, reactive oxygen species (ROS) clearance, and the structural and functional stability of the ER, mitochondria, and MAM. The Sig-1R is expressed broadly in cells of the central nervous system (CNS) and has been reported to be involved in various neurological disorders. Traumatic brain injury (TBI)-induced secondary injury involves complex and interrelated pathophysiological processes such as cellular apoptosis, glutamate excitotoxicity, inflammatory responses, endoplasmic reticulum stress, oxidative stress, and mitochondrial dysfunction. Thus, given the pluripotent modulation of the Sig-1R in diverse neurological disorders, we hypothesized that the Sig-1R may affect a series of pathophysiology after TBI. This review summarizes the current knowledge of the Sig-1R, its mechanistic role in various pathophysiological processes of multiple CNS diseases, and its potential therapeutic role in TBI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mingming Shi
- Department of Neurosurgery, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin, China.,Department of Neurosurgery, Tianjin Neurological Institute, Key Laboratory of Post-trauma Neuro-repair and Regeneration in Central Nervous System, Ministry of Education, Tianjin, China.,Department of Neurosurgery, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Injuries, Variations and Regeneration of Nervous System, Tianjin, China
| | - Fanglian Chen
- Department of Neurosurgery, Tianjin Neurological Institute, Key Laboratory of Post-trauma Neuro-repair and Regeneration in Central Nervous System, Ministry of Education, Tianjin, China.,Department of Neurosurgery, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Injuries, Variations and Regeneration of Nervous System, Tianjin, China
| | - Zhijuan Chen
- Department of Neurosurgery, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin, China
| | - Weidong Yang
- Department of Neurosurgery, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin, China
| | - Shuyuan Yue
- Department of Neurosurgery, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin, China
| | - Jianning Zhang
- Department of Neurosurgery, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin, China.,Department of Neurosurgery, Tianjin Neurological Institute, Key Laboratory of Post-trauma Neuro-repair and Regeneration in Central Nervous System, Ministry of Education, Tianjin, China.,Department of Neurosurgery, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Injuries, Variations and Regeneration of Nervous System, Tianjin, China
| | - Xin Chen
- Department of Neurosurgery, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin, China.,Department of Neurosurgery, Tianjin Neurological Institute, Key Laboratory of Post-trauma Neuro-repair and Regeneration in Central Nervous System, Ministry of Education, Tianjin, China.,Department of Neurosurgery, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Injuries, Variations and Regeneration of Nervous System, Tianjin, China
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26
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Talhada D, Marklund N, Wieloch T, Kuric E, Ruscher K. Plasticity-Enhancing Effects of Levodopa Treatment after Stroke. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:10226. [PMID: 34638567 PMCID: PMC8508853 DOI: 10.3390/ijms221910226] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2021] [Revised: 09/10/2021] [Accepted: 09/21/2021] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Dopaminergic treatment in combination with rehabilitative training enhances long-term recovery after stroke. However, the underlying mechanisms on structural plasticity are unknown. Here, we show an increased dopaminergic innervation of the ischemic territory during the first week after stroke induced in Wistar rats subjected to transient occlusion of the middle cerebral artery (tMCAO) for 120 min. This response was also found in rats subjected to permanent focal ischemia induced by photothrombosis (PT) and mice subjected to PT or tMCAO. Dopaminergic branches were detected in the infarct core of mice and rats in both stroke models. In addition, the Nogo A pathway was significantly downregulated in rats treated with levodopa (LD) compared to vehicle-treated animals subjected to tMCAO. Specifically, the number of Nogo A positive oligodendrocytes as well as the levels of Nogo A and the Nogo A receptor were significantly downregulated in the peri-infarct area of LD-treated animals, while the number of Oligodendrocyte transcription factor 2 positive cells increased in this region after treatment. In addition, we observed lower protein levels of Growth Associated Protein 43 in the peri-infarct area compared to sham-operated animals without treatment effect. The results provide the first evidence of the plasticity-promoting actions of dopaminergic treatment following stroke.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniela Talhada
- Laboratory for Experimental Brain Research, Division of Neurosurgery, Department of Clinical Sciences, Lund University, S-22184 Lund, Sweden; (D.T.); (T.W.); (E.K.)
| | - Niklas Marklund
- LUBIN Lab—Lunds Laboratorium för Neurokirurgisk Hjärnskadeforskning, Division of Neurosurgery, Department of Clinical Sciences, Lund University, S-22184 Lund, Sweden;
| | - Tadeusz Wieloch
- Laboratory for Experimental Brain Research, Division of Neurosurgery, Department of Clinical Sciences, Lund University, S-22184 Lund, Sweden; (D.T.); (T.W.); (E.K.)
| | - Enida Kuric
- Laboratory for Experimental Brain Research, Division of Neurosurgery, Department of Clinical Sciences, Lund University, S-22184 Lund, Sweden; (D.T.); (T.W.); (E.K.)
| | - Karsten Ruscher
- Laboratory for Experimental Brain Research, Division of Neurosurgery, Department of Clinical Sciences, Lund University, S-22184 Lund, Sweden; (D.T.); (T.W.); (E.K.)
- LUBIN Lab—Lunds Laboratorium för Neurokirurgisk Hjärnskadeforskning, Division of Neurosurgery, Department of Clinical Sciences, Lund University, S-22184 Lund, Sweden;
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27
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Kozlowska U, Nichols C, Wiatr K, Figiel M. From psychiatry to neurology: Psychedelics as prospective therapeutics for neurodegenerative disorders. J Neurochem 2021; 162:89-108. [PMID: 34519052 DOI: 10.1111/jnc.15509] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/14/2021] [Revised: 08/30/2021] [Accepted: 09/05/2021] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
The studies of psychedelics, especially psychedelic tryptamines like psilocybin, are rapidly gaining interest in neuroscience research. Much of this interest stems from recent clinical studies demonstrating that they have a unique ability to improve the debilitating symptoms of major depressive disorder (MDD) long-term after only a single treatment. Indeed, the Food and Drug Administration (FDA) has recently designated two Phase III clinical trials studying the ability of psilocybin to treat forms of MDD with "Breakthrough Therapy" status. If successful, the use of psychedelics to treat psychiatric diseases like depression would be revolutionary. As more evidence appears in the scientific literature to support their use in psychiatry to treat MDD on and substance use disorders (SUD), recent studies with rodents revealed that their therapeutic effects might extend beyond treating MDD and SUD. For example, psychedelics may have efficacy in the treatment and prevention of brain injury and neurodegenerative diseases such as Alzheimer's Disease. Preclinical work has highlighted psychedelics' ability to induce neuroplasticity and synaptogenesis, and neural progenitor cell proliferation. Psychedelics may also act as immunomodulators by reducing levels of proinflammatory biomarkers, including IL-1β, IL-6, and tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α). Their exact molecular mechanisms, and induction of cellular interactions, especially between neural and glial cells, leading to therapeutic efficacy, remain to be determined. In this review, we discuss recent findings and information on how psychedelics may act therapeutically on cells within the central nervous system (CNS) during brain injuries and neurodegenerative diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Urszula Kozlowska
- Ludwik Hirszfeld Institute of Immunology and Experimental Therapy, Polish Academy of Sciences, Wroclaw, Poland.,Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry, Polish Academy of Sciences, Poznan, Poland
| | - Charles Nichols
- Department of Pharmacology and Experimental Therapeutics, Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center, New Orleans, Louisiana, USA
| | - Kalina Wiatr
- Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry, Polish Academy of Sciences, Poznan, Poland
| | - Maciej Figiel
- Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry, Polish Academy of Sciences, Poznan, Poland
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28
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Tanji C, Hashimoto M, Furuya T, Saito J, Miyamoto T, Koda M. Sigma 1 receptor agonist cutamesine promotes plasticity of serotonergic boutons in lumbar enlargement in spinal cord injured rats. Neurosci Lett 2021; 759:135971. [PMID: 34023415 DOI: 10.1016/j.neulet.2021.135971] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/24/2020] [Revised: 03/11/2021] [Accepted: 05/17/2021] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Cutamesine, a sigma-1 receptor agonist, functions in both neuroprotection and neurite outgrowth. We assessed the therapeutic effects of cutamesine in a rodent spinal cord injury (SCI) model to demonstrate pre-clinical proof-of-concept. First of all, in order to determine optimal cutamesine dose, cutamesine was administered to normal rats and BDNF protein levels in the lumbar spinal cord were assessed by Western blot. Next, for the SCI model, spinal cords of adult female Sprague-Dawley rats were contused using an Infinite Horizon Impactor. Two weeks post-injury, rats were randomly assigned to receive daily subcutaneous injections of either cutamesine (3.0 mg/kg/day) or saline (as a control) for another two weeks. Immunohistochemistry for BDNF and 5-HT was assessed at four and twelve weeks post-injury in the lumbar spinal cord. Locomotor function was assessed weekly using the BBB locomotor scale until twelve weeks after SCI and CatWalk XT 10.5 gait analysis was conducted at twelve weeks after SCI. In normal rats, cutamesine treatment (3.0 mg/kg/day) significantly up-regulated BDNF expression in the lumbar spinal cord. In SCI rats, cutamesine treatment (3.0 mg/kg/day) significantly increased the fluorescence intensity of neuronal BDNF and serotonin boutons in the injured spinal cord compared to saline. However, cutamesine treatment did not promote significant locomotor recovery. Recent work indicates that cutamesine treatment alone did not promote locomotor recovery in spite of immunohistological changes. Future work will explore the influence of combining cutamesine with other treatment promoting plasticity (e.g. rehabilitative training) in SCI rats.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chihiro Tanji
- Department of Rehabilitation Therapy, Chiba Rehabilitation Center, Chiba, Japan
| | | | - Takeo Furuya
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Chiba University Graduate School of Medicine, Chiba, Japan
| | | | - Takuya Miyamoto
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Chiba University Graduate School of Medicine, Chiba, Japan
| | - Masao Koda
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, University of Tsukuba, Ibaraki, Japan.
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29
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Piechal A, Jakimiuk A, Mirowska-Guzel D. Sigma receptors and neurological disorders. Pharmacol Rep 2021; 73:1582-1594. [PMID: 34350561 PMCID: PMC8641430 DOI: 10.1007/s43440-021-00310-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/22/2021] [Revised: 06/27/2021] [Accepted: 07/09/2021] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Sigma receptors were identified relatively recently, and their presence has been confirmed in the central nervous system and peripheral organs. Changes in sigma receptor function or expression may be involved in neurological diseases, and thus sigma receptors represent a potential target for treating central nervous system disorders. Many substances that are ligands for sigma receptors are widely used in therapies for neurological disorders. In the present review, we discuss the roles of sigma receptors, especially in the central nervous system disorders, and related therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Agnieszka Piechal
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Pharmacology, Centre for Preclinical Research and Technology CePT, Medical University of Warsaw, Banacha 1B, 02-097, Warsaw, Poland
- Second Department of Neurology, Institute of Psychiatry and Neurology, Sobieskiego 9, 02-957, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Alicja Jakimiuk
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Pharmacology, Centre for Preclinical Research and Technology CePT, Medical University of Warsaw, Banacha 1B, 02-097, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Dagmara Mirowska-Guzel
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Pharmacology, Centre for Preclinical Research and Technology CePT, Medical University of Warsaw, Banacha 1B, 02-097, Warsaw, Poland.
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30
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Khan SM, Carter GT, Aggarwal SK, Holland J. Psychedelics for Brain Injury: A Mini-Review. Front Neurol 2021; 12:685085. [PMID: 34393973 PMCID: PMC8357986 DOI: 10.3389/fneur.2021.685085] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/24/2021] [Accepted: 06/29/2021] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective: Stroke and traumatic brain injury (TBI) are among the leading causes of disability. Even after engaging in rehabilitation, nearly half of patients with severe TBI requiring hospitalization are left with major disability. Despite decades of investigation, pharmacologic treatment of brain injury is still a field in its infancy. Recent clinical trials have begun into the use of psychedelic therapeutics for treatment of brain injury. This brief review aims to summarize the current state of the science's relevance to neurorehabilitation, and may act as a resource for those seeking to understand the precedence for these ongoing clinical trials. Methods: Narrative mini-review of studies published related to psychedelic therapeutics and brain injury. Results: Recent in vitro, in vivo, and case report studies suggest psychedelic pharmacotherapies may influence the future of brain injury treatment through modulation of neuroinflammation, hippocampal neurogenesis, neuroplasticity, and brain complexity. Conclusions: Historical data on the safety of some of these substances could serve in effect as phase 0 and phase I studies. Further phase II trials will illuminate how these drugs may treat brain injury, particularly TBI and reperfusion injury from stroke.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shariq Mansoor Khan
- Washington University School of Medicine in St. Louis, St. Louis, MO, United States
| | - Gregory T Carter
- Department of Physical Medicine & Rehabilitation, St. Luke's Rehabilitation Institute, Spokane, WA, United States
| | - Sunil K Aggarwal
- Advanced Integrative Medical Sciences Institute, Seattle, WA, United States
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31
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Aishwarya R, Abdullah CS, Morshed M, Remex NS, Bhuiyan MS. Sigmar1's Molecular, Cellular, and Biological Functions in Regulating Cellular Pathophysiology. Front Physiol 2021; 12:705575. [PMID: 34305655 PMCID: PMC8293995 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2021.705575] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/05/2021] [Accepted: 06/07/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
The Sigma 1 receptor (Sigmar1) is a ubiquitously expressed multifunctional inter-organelle signaling chaperone protein playing a diverse role in cellular survival. Recessive mutation in Sigmar1 have been identified as a causative gene for neuronal and neuromuscular disorder. Since the discovery over 40 years ago, Sigmar1 has been shown to contribute to numerous cellular functions, including ion channel regulation, protein quality control, endoplasmic reticulum-mitochondrial communication, lipid metabolism, mitochondrial function, autophagy activation, and involved in cellular survival. Alterations in Sigmar1’s subcellular localization, expression, and signaling has been implicated in the progression of a wide range of diseases, such as neurodegenerative diseases, ischemic brain injury, cardiovascular diseases, diabetic retinopathy, cancer, and drug addiction. The goal of this review is to summarize the current knowledge of Sigmar1 biology focusing the recent discoveries on Sigmar1’s molecular, cellular, pathophysiological, and biological functions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Richa Aishwarya
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Physiology, Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center-Shreveport, Shreveport, LA, United States
| | - Chowdhury S Abdullah
- Department of Pathology and Translational Pathobiology, Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center-Shreveport, Shreveport, LA, United States
| | - Mahboob Morshed
- Department of Pathology and Translational Pathobiology, Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center-Shreveport, Shreveport, LA, United States
| | - Naznin Sultana Remex
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Physiology, Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center-Shreveport, Shreveport, LA, United States
| | - Md Shenuarin Bhuiyan
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Physiology, Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center-Shreveport, Shreveport, LA, United States.,Department of Pathology and Translational Pathobiology, Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center-Shreveport, Shreveport, LA, United States
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32
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Chiareli RA, Carvalho GA, Marques BL, Mota LS, Oliveira-Lima OC, Gomes RM, Birbrair A, Gomez RS, Simão F, Klempin F, Leist M, Pinto MCX. The Role of Astrocytes in the Neurorepair Process. Front Cell Dev Biol 2021; 9:665795. [PMID: 34113618 PMCID: PMC8186445 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2021.665795] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2021] [Accepted: 04/29/2021] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Astrocytes are highly specialized glial cells responsible for trophic and metabolic support of neurons. They are associated to ionic homeostasis, the regulation of cerebral blood flow and metabolism, the modulation of synaptic activity by capturing and recycle of neurotransmitters and maintenance of the blood-brain barrier. During injuries and infections, astrocytes act in cerebral defense through heterogeneous and progressive changes in their gene expression, morphology, proliferative capacity, and function, which is known as reactive astrocytes. Thus, reactive astrocytes release several signaling molecules that modulates and contributes to the defense against injuries and infection in the central nervous system. Therefore, deciphering the complex signaling pathways of reactive astrocytes after brain damage can contribute to the neuroinflammation control and reveal new molecular targets to stimulate neurorepair process. In this review, we present the current knowledge about the role of astrocytes in brain damage and repair, highlighting the cellular and molecular bases involved in synaptogenesis and neurogenesis. In addition, we present new approaches to modulate the astrocytic activity and potentiates the neurorepair process after brain damage.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Lennia Soares Mota
- Department of Pharmacology, Federal University of Goias, Goiânia, Brazil
| | | | | | - Alexander Birbrair
- Institute of Biological Sciences, Federal University of Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Brazil
| | - Renato Santiago Gomez
- Institute of Biological Sciences, Federal University of Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Brazil
| | - Fabrício Simão
- Research Division, Vascular Cell Biology, Joslin Diabetes Center and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, United States
| | | | - Marcel Leist
- Konstanz Research School Chemical Biology, University of Konstanz, Konstanz, Germany
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33
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Prasanth MI, Malar DS, Tencomnao T, Brimson JM. The emerging role of the sigma-1 receptor in autophagy: hand-in-hand targets for the treatment of Alzheimer's. Expert Opin Ther Targets 2021; 25:401-414. [PMID: 34110944 DOI: 10.1080/14728222.2021.1939681] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2021] [Accepted: 06/03/2021] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Autophagy is a cellular catabolic mechanism that helps clear damaged cellular components and is essential for normal cellular and tissue function. The sigma-1 receptor (σ-1R) is a chaperone protein involved in signal transduction, neurite outgrowth, and plasticity, improving memory, and neuroprotection. Recent evidence shows that σ-1R can promote autophagy. Autophagy activation by the σ-1Rs along with other neuroprotective effects makes it an interesting target for the treatment of Alzheimer's disease. AF710B, T-817 MA, and ANAVEX2-73 are some of the σ-1R agonists which have shown promising results and have entered clinical trials. These molecules have also been found to induce autophagy and show cytoprotective effects in cellular models. AREAS COVERED This review provides insight into the current understanding of σ-1R functions related to autophagy and their role in alleviating AD. EXPERT OPINION We propose a mechanism through which the activation of σ-1R and autophagy could alter amyloid precursor protein processing to inhibit amyloid-β production by reconstituting cholesterol and gangliosides in the lipid raft to offer neuroprotection against AD. Future AD treatment could involve the combined targeting of the σ-1R and autophagy activation. We suggest that future studies investigate the link between autophagy the σ-1R and AD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mani Iyer Prasanth
- Natural Products for Neuroprotection and Anti-ageing Research Unit, Faculty of Allied Health Sciences, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, Thailand
- Department of Clinical Chemistry, Faculty of Allied Health Sciences, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Dicson Sheeja Malar
- Natural Products for Neuroprotection and Anti-ageing Research Unit, Faculty of Allied Health Sciences, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, Thailand
- Department of Clinical Chemistry, Faculty of Allied Health Sciences, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Tewin Tencomnao
- Natural Products for Neuroprotection and Anti-ageing Research Unit, Faculty of Allied Health Sciences, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, Thailand
- Department of Clinical Chemistry, Faculty of Allied Health Sciences, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - James Michael Brimson
- Natural Products for Neuroprotection and Anti-ageing Research Unit, Faculty of Allied Health Sciences, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, Thailand
- Department of Clinical Chemistry, Faculty of Allied Health Sciences, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, Thailand
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34
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Hashimoto K. Repurposing of CNS drugs to treat COVID-19 infection: targeting the sigma-1 receptor. Eur Arch Psychiatry Clin Neurosci 2021; 271:249-258. [PMID: 33403480 PMCID: PMC7785036 DOI: 10.1007/s00406-020-01231-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 74] [Impact Index Per Article: 24.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/24/2020] [Accepted: 12/19/2020] [Indexed: 01/31/2023]
Abstract
The novel coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) is caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2). The escalating number of SARS-CoV-2-infected individuals has conferred the viral spread with the status of global pandemic. However, there are no prophylactic or therapeutic drugs available on the market to treat COVID-19, although several drugs have been approved. Recently, two articles using the comparative viral-human protein-protein interaction map revealed that the sigma-1 receptor in the endoplasmic reticulum plays an important role in SARS-CoV-2 replication in cells. Knockout and knockdown of SIGMAR1 (sigma-1 receptor, encoded by SIGMAR1) caused robust reductions in SARS-CoV-2 replication, which indicates that the sigma-1 receptor is a key therapeutic target for SARS-CoV-2 replication. Interestingly, a recent clinical trial demonstrated that treatment with the antidepressant fluvoxamine, which has a high affinity at the sigma-1 receptor, could prevent clinical deterioration in adult outpatients infected with SARS-CoV-2. In this review, we discuss the brief history of the sigma-1 receptor and its role in SARS-CoV-2 replication in cells. Here, we propose repurposing of traditional central nervous system (CNS) drugs that have a high affinity at the sigma-1 receptor (i.e., fluvoxamine, donepezil, ifenprodil) for the treatment of SARS-CoV-2-infected patients. Finally, we discussed the potential of other CNS candidates such as cutamesine and arketamine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kenji Hashimoto
- Division of Clinical Neuroscience, Chiba University Center for Forensic Mental Health, 1-8-1 Inohana, Chiba, 260-8670, Japan.
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35
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Shi JJ, Jiang QH, Zhang TN, Sun H, Shi WW, Gunosewoyo H, Yang F, Tang J, Pang T, Yu LF. Sigma-1 Receptor Agonist TS-157 Improves Motor Functional Recovery by Promoting Neurite Outgrowth and pERK in Rats with Focal Cerebral Ischemia. Molecules 2021; 26:1212. [PMID: 33668340 PMCID: PMC7956808 DOI: 10.3390/molecules26051212] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/13/2021] [Revised: 02/20/2021] [Accepted: 02/21/2021] [Indexed: 12/03/2022] Open
Abstract
Sigma-1 (σ-1) receptor agonists are considered as potential treatment for stroke. TS-157 is an alkoxyisoxazole-based σ-1 receptor agonist previously discovered in our group. The present study describes TS-157 profile in a battery of tests for cerebral ischemia. Initial evaluation demonstrated the compound's safety profile and blood-brain barrier permeability, as well as its ability to induce neurite outgrowth in vitro. The neurite outgrowth was shown to be mediated via σ-1 receptor agonism and involves upregulation of ERK phosphorylation (pERK). In particular, TS-157 also significantly accelerated the recovery of motor function in rats with transient middle cerebral artery occlusion (tMCAO). Overall, the results herein support the notion that σ-1 receptor agonists are potential therapeutics for stroke and further animal efficacy studies are warranted.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jun-Jie Shi
- Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Molecular Therapeutics and New Drug Development, School of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, East China Normal University, 3663 North Zhongshan Road, Shanghai 200062, China; (J.-J.S.); (H.S.); (W.-W.S.); (F.Y.)
| | - Qi-Hui Jiang
- New Drug Screening Center, Jiangsu Center for Pharmacodynamics Research and Evaluation, Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 210009, China; (Q.-H.J.); (T.-N.Z.)
| | - Tian-Ning Zhang
- New Drug Screening Center, Jiangsu Center for Pharmacodynamics Research and Evaluation, Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 210009, China; (Q.-H.J.); (T.-N.Z.)
| | - Hao Sun
- Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Molecular Therapeutics and New Drug Development, School of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, East China Normal University, 3663 North Zhongshan Road, Shanghai 200062, China; (J.-J.S.); (H.S.); (W.-W.S.); (F.Y.)
| | - Wen-Wen Shi
- Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Molecular Therapeutics and New Drug Development, School of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, East China Normal University, 3663 North Zhongshan Road, Shanghai 200062, China; (J.-J.S.); (H.S.); (W.-W.S.); (F.Y.)
| | - Hendra Gunosewoyo
- School of Pharmacy and Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Health Sciences, Curtin University, Bentley, Perth, WA 6102, Australia;
| | - Fan Yang
- Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Molecular Therapeutics and New Drug Development, School of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, East China Normal University, 3663 North Zhongshan Road, Shanghai 200062, China; (J.-J.S.); (H.S.); (W.-W.S.); (F.Y.)
| | - Jie Tang
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Green Chemistry and Chemical Process, School of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, East China Normal University, 3663 North Zhongshan Road, Shanghai 200062, China;
| | - Tao Pang
- New Drug Screening Center, Jiangsu Center for Pharmacodynamics Research and Evaluation, Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 210009, China; (Q.-H.J.); (T.-N.Z.)
| | - Li-Fang Yu
- Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Molecular Therapeutics and New Drug Development, School of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, East China Normal University, 3663 North Zhongshan Road, Shanghai 200062, China; (J.-J.S.); (H.S.); (W.-W.S.); (F.Y.)
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Ye N, Qin W, Tian S, Xu Q, Wold EA, Zhou J, Zhen XC. Small Molecules Selectively Targeting Sigma-1 Receptor for the Treatment of Neurological Diseases. J Med Chem 2020; 63:15187-15217. [PMID: 33111525 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jmedchem.0c01192] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
The sigma-1 (σ1) receptor, an enigmatic protein originally classified as an opioid receptor subtype, is now understood to possess unique structural and functional features of its own and play critical roles to widely impact signaling transduction by interacting with receptors, ion channels, lipids, and kinases. The σ1 receptor is implicated in modulating learning, memory, emotion, sensory systems, neuronal development, and cognition and accordingly is now an actively pursued drug target for various neurological and neuropsychiatric disorders. Evaluation of the five selective σ1 receptor drug candidates (pridopidine, ANAVEX2-73, SA4503, S1RA, and T-817MA) that have entered clinical trials has shown that reaching clinical approval remains an evasive and important goal. This review provides up-to-date information on the selective targeting of σ1 receptors, including their history, function, reported crystal structures, and roles in neurological diseases, as well as a useful collation of new chemical entities as σ1 selective orthosteric ligands or allosteric modulators.
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Affiliation(s)
- Na Ye
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Neuropsychiatric Diseases and College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu 215123, China
| | - Wangzhi Qin
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Neuropsychiatric Diseases and College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu 215123, China
| | - Sheng Tian
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Neuropsychiatric Diseases and College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu 215123, China
| | - Qingfeng Xu
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Neuropsychiatric Diseases and College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu 215123, China
| | - Eric A Wold
- Chemical Biology Program, Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, and Center for Addiction Research, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, Texas 77555, United States
| | - Jia Zhou
- Chemical Biology Program, Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, and Center for Addiction Research, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, Texas 77555, United States
| | - Xue-Chu Zhen
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Neuropsychiatric Diseases and College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu 215123, China
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Wang J, Xiao H, Barwick SR, Smith SB. Comparison of Sigma 1 Receptor Ligands SA4503 and PRE084 to (+)-Pentazocine in the rd10 Mouse Model of RP. Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci 2020; 61:3. [PMID: 33137196 PMCID: PMC7645203 DOI: 10.1167/iovs.61.13.3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/12/2020] [Accepted: 10/07/2020] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Purpose Sigma 1 receptor is a novel therapeutic target for retinal disease. Its activation, using a high-affinity, high-specificity ligand (+)-pentazocine ((+)-PTZ), rescues photoreceptor cells in the rd10 mouse model of RP. Here, we asked whether the robust retinal neuroprotective properties of (+)-PTZ are generalizable to SA4503 and PRE084, two other high-affinity sigma 1 receptor ligands. Methods We treated 661W cells with SA4503 or PRE084. Cell viability, oxidative stress, and expression of Nrf2 and NRF2-regulated antioxidant genes (Nqo1, Cat, and Sod1) were assessed. Rd10 mice were administered SA4503 (1 mg/kg), PRE084 (0.5 mg/kg), or (+)-PTZ (0.5 mg/kg). Visual acuity, retinal architecture, and retinal electrophysiologic function were measured in vivo and retinal structure was assessed histologically. Results Similar to (+)-PTZ, SA4503 and PRE084 improved cell viability, attenuated oxidative stress, and increased Nrf2, Nqo1 and Cat expression. Although treatment of rd10 mice with (+)-PTZ improved visual acuity, increased outer retinal thickness, and improved photopic a- and b-wave responses compared with nontreated rd10 mice, treatment with SA4503 or PRE084 did not. The number of photoreceptor nuclei/100 µm retinal length in SA4503- and PRE084-treated rd10 mice (approximately 11/100) did not differ significantly from nontreated rd10 mice, whereas (+)-PTZ-treated mice had significantly more nuclei (approximately 22/100 µm). Conclusions Cell survival and gene regulation experiments yielded similar outcomes when SA4503, PRE084, or (+)-PTZ were conducted in vitro, however neither SA4503 or PRE084 afforded in vivo protection in the severe rd10 retinopathy model comparable to (+)-PTZ. Despite all three compounds demonstrating the potential to activate sigma 1 receptor, the retinal neuroprotective properties of the three ligands differ significantly.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing Wang
- Department of Cellular Biology and Anatomy, Medical College of Georgia at Augusta University, Augusta, Georgia, United States
- James and Jean Culver Vision Discovery Institute, Augusta University, Augusta, Georgia, United States
| | - Haiyan Xiao
- Department of Cellular Biology and Anatomy, Medical College of Georgia at Augusta University, Augusta, Georgia, United States
- James and Jean Culver Vision Discovery Institute, Augusta University, Augusta, Georgia, United States
| | - Shannon R. Barwick
- Department of Cellular Biology and Anatomy, Medical College of Georgia at Augusta University, Augusta, Georgia, United States
- James and Jean Culver Vision Discovery Institute, Augusta University, Augusta, Georgia, United States
| | - Sylvia B. Smith
- Department of Cellular Biology and Anatomy, Medical College of Georgia at Augusta University, Augusta, Georgia, United States
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Brimson JM, Brimson S, Chomchoei C, Tencomnao T. Using sigma-ligands as part of a multi-receptor approach to target diseases of the brain. Expert Opin Ther Targets 2020; 24:1009-1028. [PMID: 32746649 DOI: 10.1080/14728222.2020.1805435] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION The sigma receptors are found abundantly in the central nervous system and are targets for the treatment of various diseases, including Alzheimer's (AD), Parkinson's (PD), Huntington's disease (HD), depression, amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS), and multiple sclerosis (MS). However, for many of these diseases, other receptors and targets have been the focus of the most, such as acetylcholine esterase inhibitors in Alzheimer's and dopamine replacement in Parkinson's. The currently available drugs for these diseases have limited success resulting in the requirement of an alternative approach to their treatment. AREAS COVERED In this review, we discuss the potential role of the sigma receptors and their ligands as part of a multi receptor approach in the treatment of the diseases mentioned above. The literature reviewed was obtained through searches in databases, including PubMed, Web of Science, Google Scholar, and Scopus. EXPERT OPINION Given sigma receptor agonists provide neuroprotection along with other benefits such as potentiating the effects of other receptors, further development of multi-receptor targeting ligands, and or the development of multi-drug combinations to target multiple receptors may prove beneficial in the future treatment of degenerative diseases of the CNS, especially when coupled with better diagnostic techniques.
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Affiliation(s)
- James Michael Brimson
- Age-related Inflammation and Degeneration Research Unit, Department of Clinical Chemistry, Faculty of Allied Health Sciences, Chulalongkorn University , Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Sirikalaya Brimson
- Department of Clinical Microscopy, Faculty of Allied Health Sciences, Chulalongkorn University , Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Chanichon Chomchoei
- Department of Clinical Microscopy, Faculty of Allied Health Sciences, Chulalongkorn University , Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Tewin Tencomnao
- Age-related Inflammation and Degeneration Research Unit, Department of Clinical Chemistry, Faculty of Allied Health Sciences, Chulalongkorn University , Bangkok, Thailand
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Park HK, Song MK, Kim WI, Han JY. Regulation of gene expression after combined scalp acupuncture and transcranial magnetic stimulation in middle cerebral artery occlusion mice. Restor Neurol Neurosci 2020; 38:253-263. [PMID: 32444581 DOI: 10.3233/rnn-190963] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The effect of combined repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation (rTMS) and scalp acupuncture stimulation (SAS) on middle cerebral artery occlusion (MCAO) mice has not yet been reported. The regulation of gene expression after combined stimulation remains unclear. OBJECTIVE To analyze gene expression patterns through ribonucleic acid (RNA) sequencing. METHODS Thirty-six 8-weeks-old C57BL/6J male mice weighing 50-60 grams were used for this experiment. The MCAO was induced with 60-min occlusion and subsequent reperfusion of the middle cerebral artery. Experimental mice were randomly assigned to four groups, with nine mice in each group, as follows: control group (no treatment), SAS group (10 minutes SAS), rTMS group (1 Hz rTMS), and combined group (1 Hz rTMS and SAS). Stimulation was performed from the 3rd day to the 7th day after the induction of MCAO. All mice were sacrificed, and brain tissues were taken from the motor area of the MCAO lesion. We analyzed their gene expression profiles using RNA sequencing technology. RESULTS After stimulation, the grip strength increased in the SAS and rTMS group compared to the control and combined group. The nuclear factor kappa-light-chain-enhancer of activated B cells (NFκB) was the key up-regulated protein in the SAS group while src homologus and collagene gene (SHC) and p90 ribosomal protein S6 kinases (p90RSK) were key up-regulated proteins in the rTMS group. However, the C-terminal src kinase-homologous kinase (CHK) was down-regulated whereas p90RSK was up-regulated in the combined group based on the RNA sequencing analysis. CONCLUSIONS Each stimulation method showed different patterns with neurotrophin signaling pathway including NFκB, SHC, p90RSK, and CHK. These can be used in further mechanistic studies about gene expression related to neurorecovery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hyeng-Kyu Park
- Department of Physical & Rehabilitation Medicine, Chonnam National University Hospital & Medical School, Gwangju, Republic of Korea
| | - Min-Keun Song
- Department of Physical & Rehabilitation Medicine, Chonnam National University Hospital & Medical School, Gwangju, Republic of Korea
| | - Wang-In Kim
- Department of Physical & Rehabilitation Medicine, Chonnam National University Hospital & Medical School, Gwangju, Republic of Korea
| | - Jae-Young Han
- Department of Physical & Rehabilitation Medicine, Chonnam National University Hospital & Medical School, Gwangju, Republic of Korea
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Zhang Y, Zhang X, Wei Q, Leng S, Li C, Han B, Bai Y, Zhang H, Yao H. Activation of Sigma-1 Receptor Enhanced Pericyte Survival via the Interplay Between Apoptosis and Autophagy: Implications for Blood-Brain Barrier Integrity in Stroke. Transl Stroke Res 2020; 11:267-287. [PMID: 31290080 DOI: 10.1007/s12975-019-00711-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2019] [Revised: 05/21/2019] [Accepted: 06/06/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Stroke is a cerebrovascular disorder that affects many people worldwide. Pericytes play an important role in stroke progression and recovery. The sigma-1 receptor (σ-1R) signaling pathway has been suggested as having promising neuroprotective potential in treating stroke; however, whether σ-1R activation regulates pericyte function remains unknown. The aim of this study was to elucidate the role of σ-1R and a novel σ-1R agonist in pericytes following ischemic stroke. An ischemic stroke animal model was induced by photothrombotic middle cerebral artery occlusion (pMCAO) in σ-1R knockout (KO) and wild-type (WT) mice. After pMCAO, there was significant pericyte loss and coverage in σ-1R KO mice compared with WT mice as determined using transmission electron microscopy, immunofluorescence staining, and western blot. Interestingly, a novel σ-1R agonist decreased infarct volume and blood-brain barrier damage with a concomitant amelioration of pericyte loss, as determined by western blot. Further studies indicated that cell apoptosis and autophagy were induced in an in vivo pMCAO ischemic stroke animal model and an in vitro oxygen glucose deprivation-treatment group. Inhibition of autophagy using a pharmacological approach significantly mitigated pericyte apoptosis, suggesting that autophagy was upstream of apoptosis in pericytes. Both in vivo and in vitro studies indicated that the σ-1R agonist significantly decreased cell apoptosis via inhibition of autophagy with a subsequent enhancement of pericyte survival. This study identified the unique roles for σ-1R in mediating pericyte survival via the regulation of the interplay between apoptosis and autophagy, suggesting that a novel σ-1R agonist may be a promising therapeutic agent for the treatment of stroke patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuan Zhang
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, Southeast University, Nanjing, 210009, Jiangsu, China.
| | | | - Qiangqiang Wei
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, 210009, Jiangsu, China
| | - Shuo Leng
- Center of Interventional Radiology and Vascular Surgery, Department of Radiology, Zhongda Hospital, Medical School, Southeast University, Nanjing, 210009, Jiangsu, China
| | - Cai Li
- Department of Neurology, Rizhao Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Rizhao, 276800, Shandong, China
| | - Bing Han
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, Southeast University, Nanjing, 210009, Jiangsu, China
| | - Ying Bai
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, Southeast University, Nanjing, 210009, Jiangsu, China
| | - Huibin Zhang
- Center of Drug Discovery, State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, 210009, Jiangsu, China.
| | - Honghong Yao
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, Southeast University, Nanjing, 210009, Jiangsu, China.
- Institute of Life Sciences, Key Laboratory of Developmental Genes and Human Disease, Southeast University, Nanjing, 210096, Jiangsu, China.
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Lisak RP, Nedelkoska L, Benjamins JA. Sigma-1 receptor agonists as potential protective therapies in multiple sclerosis. J Neuroimmunol 2020; 342:577188. [PMID: 32179326 DOI: 10.1016/j.jneuroim.2020.577188] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2019] [Revised: 01/17/2020] [Accepted: 02/07/2020] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
Abstract
The sigma-1 receptor (σ-1R) is an endoplasmic reticulum (ER) chaperone upregulated during ER stress, and regulates calcium homeostasis. Agonists of σ-1R are neuroprotective. ANAVEX2-73, a new σ-1R agonist, is undergoing several clinical trials. We show that ANAVEX2-73 protects oligodendroglia (OL) and oligodendroglial precursors (OPC) from apoptosis, excitotoxicity, reactive oxygen species (ROS) and quinolinic acid (QA), associated with inflammation. ANAVEX2-73 stimulates OPC proliferation, but does not alter early maturation to OL. We previously reported that dextromethorphan (DM), another σ-1R agonist with a different structure, had similar effects. We now show that both DM and ANAVEX2-73 protect neurons from the four cytotoxic agents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Robert P Lisak
- Department of Neurology, Wayne State University School of Medicine, Detroit, MI, USA; Department of Biochemistry, Microbiology and Immunology, Wayne State University School of Medicine, Detroit, MI, USA.
| | - Liljana Nedelkoska
- Department of Neurology, Wayne State University School of Medicine, Detroit, MI, USA.
| | - Joyce A Benjamins
- Department of Neurology, Wayne State University School of Medicine, Detroit, MI, USA; Department of Biochemistry, Microbiology and Immunology, Wayne State University School of Medicine, Detroit, MI, USA.
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Aydar E, Palmer C. Effect of Sigma-1 Receptors on Voltage-Gated Sodium Ion Channels in Colon Cancer Cell Line SW620. Bioelectricity 2019; 1:158-168. [PMID: 34471818 DOI: 10.1089/bioe.2019.0015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Voltage-gated sodium channels (VGSCs) play pivotal roles in the metastatic process in several cancers, including breast and colon cancers. Sigma-1 receptors are known to interact and form complexes with a number of ion channels aiding the delivery of the channel protein to the plasma membrane. Drugs that bind the Sigma-1 receptor are hypothesized to affect this process and reduce the delivery of the channel protein to the plasma membrane, in turn reducing the metastatic potential of the cells. Methods: Human colon cancer cell line SW620 was utilized as a model to investigate the interaction between the neonatal VGSC (nNav1.5) and the Sigma-1 receptor. This was accomplished using drugs that bind the Sigma-1 receptor, Sigma-1 receptor silencing, and antibodies that bind and block the nNav1.5 channel. Results: Sigma-1 receptor drugs SKF10047 and dimethyl tryptamine were found to alter (reduce) the adhesion of these cells by 46-54% at a 20 μM drug concentration. In a similar manner, gene silencing of the Sigma-1 receptor had a similar effect in reducing the adhesion of these cells to collagen-coated plates by 30%. The Sigma-1 receptor was found to be in a complex with nNav1.5 in SW620 cells, and Sigma-1 drugs or gene silencing of the Sigma-1 receptor results in a reduction of the surface expression of nNav1.5 by ∼50%. Culture of SW620 cells under hypoxic conditions resulted in upregulation of the Sigma-1 receptor and nNav1.5. In addition, surface expression of nNav1.5 protein increased under hypoxic culture conditions and this was inhibited by the application of SKF10047. Conclusions: It is proposed that in colon cancer cells, upregulated Sigma-1 receptor expression in hypoxia led to increased nNav1.5 protein expression at the plasma membrane and resulted in the cells switching to a more invasive state.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ebru Aydar
- Institute of Ophthalmology, University College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Christopher Palmer
- School of Health Sciences, London Metropolitan University, London, United Kingdom
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Ryskamp DA, Korban S, Zhemkov V, Kraskovskaya N, Bezprozvanny I. Neuronal Sigma-1 Receptors: Signaling Functions and Protective Roles in Neurodegenerative Diseases. Front Neurosci 2019; 13:862. [PMID: 31551669 PMCID: PMC6736580 DOI: 10.3389/fnins.2019.00862] [Citation(s) in RCA: 104] [Impact Index Per Article: 20.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/23/2019] [Accepted: 07/31/2019] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Sigma-1 receptor (S1R) is a multi-functional, ligand-operated protein situated in endoplasmic reticulum (ER) membranes and changes in its function and/or expression have been associated with various neurological disorders including amyotrophic lateral sclerosis/frontotemporal dementia, Alzheimer's (AD) and Huntington's diseases (HD). S1R agonists are broadly neuroprotective and this is achieved through a diversity of S1R-mediated signaling functions that are generally pro-survival and anti-apoptotic; yet, relatively little is known regarding the exact mechanisms of receptor functioning at the molecular level. This review summarizes therapeutically relevant mechanisms by which S1R modulates neurophysiology and implements neuroprotective functions in neurodegenerative diseases. These mechanisms are diverse due to the fact that S1R can bind to and modulate a large range of client proteins, including many ion channels in both ER and plasma membranes. We summarize the effect of S1R on its interaction partners and consider some of the cell type- and disease-specific aspects of these actions. Besides direct protein interactions in the endoplasmic reticulum, S1R is likely to function at the cellular/interorganellar level by altering the activity of several plasmalemmal ion channels through control of trafficking, which may help to reduce excitotoxicity. Moreover, S1R is situated in lipid rafts where it binds cholesterol and regulates lipid and protein trafficking and calcium flux at the mitochondrial-associated membrane (MAM) domain. This may have important implications for MAM stability and function in neurodegenerative diseases as well as cellular bioenergetics. We also summarize the structural and biochemical features of S1R proposed to underlie its activity. In conclusion, S1R is incredibly versatile in its ability to foster neuronal homeostasis in the context of several neurodegenerative disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniel A. Ryskamp
- Department of Physiology, UT Southwestern Medical Center at Dallas, Dallas, TX, United States
| | - Svetlana Korban
- Laboratory of Molecular Neurodegeneration, Peter the Great St. Petersburg State Polytechnic University, Saint Petersburg, Russia
| | - Vladimir Zhemkov
- Department of Physiology, UT Southwestern Medical Center at Dallas, Dallas, TX, United States
| | - Nina Kraskovskaya
- Laboratory of Molecular Neurodegeneration, Peter the Great St. Petersburg State Polytechnic University, Saint Petersburg, Russia
| | - Ilya Bezprozvanny
- Department of Physiology, UT Southwestern Medical Center at Dallas, Dallas, TX, United States
- Laboratory of Molecular Neurodegeneration, Peter the Great St. Petersburg State Polytechnic University, Saint Petersburg, Russia
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Influencing neuroplasticity in stroke treatment with advanced biomaterials-based approaches. Adv Drug Deliv Rev 2019; 148:204-218. [PMID: 30579882 DOI: 10.1016/j.addr.2018.12.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/10/2018] [Revised: 11/05/2018] [Accepted: 12/17/2018] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Since the early 1990s, we have known that the adult brain is not static and has the capacity to repair itself. The delivery of various therapeutic factors and cells have resulted in some exciting pre-clinical and clinical outcomes in stroke models by targeting post-injury plasticity to enhance recovery. Developing a deeper understanding of the pathways that modulate plasticity will enable us to optimize delivery strategies for therapeutics and achieve more robust effects. Biomaterials are a key tool for the optimization of these potential treatments, owing to their biocompatibility and tunability. In this review, we identify factors and targets that impact plastic processes known to contribute to recovery, discuss the role of biomaterials in enhancing the efficacy of treatment strategies, and suggest combinatorial approaches based on the stage of injury progression.
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Haga H, Matsuo K, Yabuki Y, Zhang C, Han F, Fukunaga K. Enhancement of ATP production ameliorates motor and cognitive impairments in a mouse model of MPTP-induced Parkinson's disease. Neurochem Int 2019; 129:104492. [PMID: 31229554 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuint.2019.104492] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/05/2018] [Revised: 05/29/2019] [Accepted: 06/17/2019] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
Approximately 30-40% of patients with Parkinson's disease (PD) exhibit cognitive impairments. However, there are currently no clinically effective drugs for the treatment of cognitive impairment in patients with PD. Previous studies have suggested that mitochondrial dysfunction such as decreased adenosine triphosphate (ATP) production triggers dopaminergic neurodegeneration in patients with PD and that mitochondria represent a potential target for the development of novel treatments for preventing PD. Therefore, in the present study, we investigated the cognition-enhancing effects of ethyl pyruvate (EP) and 1-(3,4-dimethoxyphenethyl)-4-(3-phenylpropyl) piperazine dihydrochloride (SA4503) in mice with 1-methyl-4-phenyl-1,2,3,6-tetrahydropyridine (MPTP)-induced Parkinsonism. PD model mice were generated via treatment with MPTP (25 mg/kg, i.p.) once a day for 5 consecutive days. Twenty-four hours after the final injection of MPTP, mice were intraperitoneally injected with EP (25, 50, 100 mg/kg) or SA4503 (1 mg/kg) once a day for 4 weeks. Chronic administration of EP (100 mg/kg i.p.) or SA4503 (1 mg/kg, i.p.) improved both motor deficits and cognitive impairments in MPTP-treated mice. Furthermore, treatment with EP or SA4503 attenuated decreases in the levels of ATP and tyrosine hydroxylase (TH) in the substantia nigra pars compacta (SNpc)/ventral tegmental area (VTA), striatum, and hippocampal CA1 region. Administration of EP or SA4503 protected the dopaminergic neurons from MPTP-induce toxicity and restored the dopamine levels in the striatum. Elevated 4-hydroxy-2-nonenal- (4-HNE-) and nitrotyrosine-reactive protein levels induced by MPTP-treatment were suppressed by EP or SA4503 treatment in the SNpc-VTA, striatum, and hippocampal CA1 region. These observations suggest that EP and SA4503 attenuate cognitive impairments and motor dysfunction in mice with MPTP-induced PD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hidaka Haga
- Department of Pharmacology, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Tohoku University, Sendai, Japan
| | - Kazuya Matsuo
- Department of Pharmacology, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Tohoku University, Sendai, Japan
| | - Yasushi Yabuki
- Department of Pharmacology, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Tohoku University, Sendai, Japan
| | - Chen Zhang
- College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 31005, China
| | - Feng Han
- School of Pharmacy, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, 211166, PR China
| | - Kohji Fukunaga
- Department of Pharmacology, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Tohoku University, Sendai, Japan.
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Maurice T, Volle JN, Strehaiano M, Crouzier L, Pereira C, Kaloyanov N, Virieux D, Pirat JL. Neuroprotection in non-transgenic and transgenic mouse models of Alzheimer's disease by positive modulation of σ 1 receptors. Pharmacol Res 2019; 144:315-330. [PMID: 31048034 DOI: 10.1016/j.phrs.2019.04.026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2018] [Revised: 02/28/2019] [Accepted: 04/21/2019] [Indexed: 01/30/2023]
Abstract
The sigma-1 (σ1) receptor is an endoplasmic reticulum (ER) chaperone protein, enriched in mitochondria-associated membranes. Its activation triggers physiological responses to ER stress and modulate Ca2+ mobilization in mitochondria. Small σ1 agonist molecules activate the protein and act behaviorally as antidepressant, anti-amnesic and neuroprotective agents. Recently, several chemically unrelated molecules were shown to be σ1 receptor positive modulators (PMs), with some of them a clear demonstration of their allostericity. We here examined whether a σ1 PM also shows neuroprotective potentials in pharmacological and genetic models of Alzheimer's disease (AD). For this aim, we describe (±)-2-(3-chlorophenyl)-3,3,5,5-tetramethyl-2-oxo-[1,4,2]-oxazaphosphinane (OZP002) as a novel σ1 PM. OZP002 does not bind σ1 sites but induces σ1 effects in vivo and boosts σ1 agonist activity. OZP002 was antidepressant in the forced swim test and its effect was blocked by the σ1 antagonist NE-100 or in σ1 receptor knockout mice. It potentiated the antidepressant effect of the σ1 agonist igmesine. In mice tested for Y-maze alternation or passive avoidance, OZP002 prevented scopolamine-induced learning deficits, in a NE-100 sensitive manner. Pre-administered IP before an ICV injection of amyloid Aβ25-35 peptide, a pharmacological model of Alzheimer's disease, OZP002 prevented the learning deficits induced by the peptide after one week in the Y-maze, passive avoidance and novel object tests. Biochemical analyses of the mouse hippocampi showed that OZP002 significantly decreased Aβ25-35-induced increases in reactive oxygen species, lipid peroxidation, and increases in Bax, TNFα and IL-6 levels. Immunohistochemically, OZP002 prevented Aβ25-35-induced reactive astrogliosis and microgliosis in the hippocampus. It also alleviated Aβ25-35-induced decreases in synaptophysin level and choline acetyltransferase activity. Moreover, chronically administered in APPswe mice during 2 months, OZP002 prevented learning deficits (in all tests plus place learning in the water-maze) and increased biochemical markers. This study shows that σ1 PM with high neuropotective potential can be identified, combining pharmacological efficacy, selectivity and therapeutic safety, and identifies a novel promising compound, OZP002.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tangui Maurice
- MMDN, Univ Montpellier, INSERM, EPHE, UMR-S1198, Montpellier, France.
| | - Jean-Noël Volle
- Institut Charles Gerhardt, ENSCM, CNRS, UMR5253, Montpellier, France.
| | - Manon Strehaiano
- MMDN, Univ Montpellier, INSERM, EPHE, UMR-S1198, Montpellier, France.
| | - Lucie Crouzier
- MMDN, Univ Montpellier, INSERM, EPHE, UMR-S1198, Montpellier, France.
| | - Claire Pereira
- MMDN, Univ Montpellier, INSERM, EPHE, UMR-S1198, Montpellier, France.
| | - Nikolay Kaloyanov
- Institut Charles Gerhardt, ENSCM, CNRS, UMR5253, Montpellier, France.
| | - David Virieux
- Institut Charles Gerhardt, ENSCM, CNRS, UMR5253, Montpellier, France.
| | - Jean-Luc Pirat
- Institut Charles Gerhardt, ENSCM, CNRS, UMR5253, Montpellier, France.
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Francardo V, Geva M, Bez F, Denis Q, Steiner L, Hayden MR, Cenci MA. Pridopidine Induces Functional Neurorestoration Via the Sigma-1 Receptor in a Mouse Model of Parkinson's Disease. Neurotherapeutics 2019; 16:465-479. [PMID: 30756361 PMCID: PMC6554374 DOI: 10.1007/s13311-018-00699-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Pridopidine is a small molecule in clinical development for the treatment of Huntington's disease. It was recently found to have high binding affinity to the sigma-1 receptor, a chaperone protein involved in cellular defense mechanisms and neuroplasticity. Here, we have evaluated the neuroprotective and neurorestorative effects of pridopidine in a unilateral 6-hydroxydopamine (6-OHDA) lesion model of parkinsonism in mice. By 5 weeks of daily administration, a low dose of pridopidine (0.3 mg/kg) had significantly improved deficits in forelimb use (cylinder test, stepping test) and abolished the ipsilateral rotational bias typical of hemiparkinsonian animals. A higher dose of pridopidine (1 mg/kg) significantly improved only the rotational bias, with a trend towards improvement in forelimb use. The behavioral recovery induced by pridopidine 0.3 mg/kg was accompanied by a significant protection of nigral dopamine cell bodies, an increased dopaminergic fiber density in the striatum, and striatal upregulation of GDNF, BDNF, and phosphorylated ERK1/2. The beneficial effects of pridopidine 0.3 mg/kg were absent in 6-OHDA-lesioned mice lacking the sigma-1 receptor. Pharmacokinetic data confirmed that the effective dose of pridopidine reached brain concentrations sufficient to bind S1R. Our results are the first to show that pridopidine promotes functional neurorestoration in the damaged nigrostriatal system acting via the sigma-1 receptor.
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Affiliation(s)
- Veronica Francardo
- Basal Ganglia Pathophysiology Unit, Department of Experimental Medical Science, Lund University, BMC F11, Lund, Sweden
| | | | - Francesco Bez
- Basal Ganglia Pathophysiology Unit, Department of Experimental Medical Science, Lund University, BMC F11, Lund, Sweden
| | - Quentin Denis
- Basal Ganglia Pathophysiology Unit, Department of Experimental Medical Science, Lund University, BMC F11, Lund, Sweden
| | - Lilach Steiner
- Teva Pharmaceutical Industries Global Research and Development, Netanya, Israel
| | | | - M Angela Cenci
- Basal Ganglia Pathophysiology Unit, Department of Experimental Medical Science, Lund University, BMC F11, Lund, Sweden.
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Ryskamp D, Wu L, Wu J, Kim D, Rammes G, Geva M, Hayden M, Bezprozvanny I. Pridopidine stabilizes mushroom spines in mouse models of Alzheimer's disease by acting on the sigma-1 receptor. Neurobiol Dis 2019; 124:489-504. [PMID: 30594810 PMCID: PMC6363865 DOI: 10.1016/j.nbd.2018.12.022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2018] [Revised: 11/12/2018] [Accepted: 12/26/2018] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
There is evidence that cognitive decline in Alzheimer's disease (AD) results from deficiencies in synaptic communication (e.g., loss of mushroom-shaped 'memory spines') and neurodegenerative processes. This might be treated with sigma-1 receptor (S1R) agonists, which are broadly neuroprotective and modulate synaptic plasticity. For example, we previously found that the mixed muscarinic/S1R agonist AF710B prevents mushroom spine loss in hippocampal cultures from APP knock-in (APP-KI) and presenilin-1-M146 V knock-in (PS1-KI) mice. We also found that the "dopaminergic stabilizer" pridopidine (structurally similar to the S1R agonist R(+)-3-PPP), is a high-affinity S1R agonist and is synaptoprotective in a mouse model of Huntington disease. Here we tested whether pridopidine and R(+)-3-PPP are synaptoprotective in models of AD and whether this requires S1R. We also examined the effects of pridopidine on long-term potentiation (LTP), endoplasmic reticulum calcium and neuronal store-operated calcium entry (nSOC) in spines, all of which are dysregulated in AD, contributing to synaptic pathology. We report here that pridopidine and 3-PPP protect mushroom spines from Aβ42 oligomer toxicity in primary WT hippocampal cultures from mice. Pridopidine also reversed LTP defects in hippocampal slices resulting from application of Aβ42 oligomers. Pridopidine and 3-PPP rescued mushroom spines in hippocampal cultures from APP-KI and PS1-KI mice. S1R knockdown from lenti-viral shRNA expression destabilized WT mushroom spines and prevented the synaptoprotective effects of pridopidine in PS1-KI cultures. Knockout of PS1/2 destabilized mushroom spines and pridopidine was unable to prevent this. Pridopidine lowered endoplasmic reticulum calcium levels in WT, PS1-KO, PS1-KI and PS2 KO neurons, but not in PS1/2 KO neurons. S1R was required for pridopidine to enhance spine nSOC in PS1-KI neurons. Pridopidine was unable to rescue PS1-KI mushroom spines during pharmacological or genetic inhibition of nSOC. Oral pridopidine treatment rescued mushroom spines in vivo in aged PS1-KI-GFP mice. Pridopidine stabilizes mushroom spines in mouse models of AD and this requires S1R, endoplasmic reticulum calcium leakage through PS1/2 and nSOC. Thus, pridopidine may be useful to explore for the treatment of AD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniel Ryskamp
- Department of Physiology, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX 75390, USA
| | - Lili Wu
- Department of Physiology, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX 75390, USA
| | - Jun Wu
- Department of Physiology, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX 75390, USA
| | - Dabin Kim
- Department of Anesthesiology and Intensive Care, Technische Universität München, Munich 81675, Germany
| | - Gerhard Rammes
- Department of Anesthesiology and Intensive Care, Technische Universität München, Munich 81675, Germany.
| | | | | | - Ilya Bezprozvanny
- Department of Physiology, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX 75390, USA; Laboratory of Molecular Neurodegeneration, Peter the Great St. Petersburg Polytechnic University, St. Petersburg, Russia.
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Ona G, Troncoso S. Long-lasting analgesic effect of the psychedelic drug changa: A case report. JOURNAL OF PSYCHEDELIC STUDIES 2019. [DOI: 10.1556/2054.2019.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Genís Ona
- Department of Anthropology, Philosophy and Social Work, Universitat Rovira i Virgili, Tarragona, Spain
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50
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Pines AR, Sattur MG, Abi-Aad KR, Bendok BR. Edonerpic Maleate: A Promising Pharmacological Agent for Stroke Recovery. Neurosurgery 2019; 84:E3-E4. [PMID: 30551191 DOI: 10.1093/neuros/nyy397] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Andrew R Pines
- Mayo Clinic School of Medicine Mayo Clinic Scottsdale, Arizona
| | - Mithun G Sattur
- Department of Neurological Surgery Mayo Clinic Phoenix, Arizona
- Precision Neuro-therapeutics Innovation Lab Mayo Clinic Phoenix, Arizona
- Neurosurgery Simulation and Innovation Lab Mayo Clinic Phoenix, Arizona
| | - Karl R Abi-Aad
- Department of Neurological Surgery Mayo Clinic Phoenix, Arizona
- Precision Neuro-therapeutics Innovation Lab Mayo Clinic Phoenix, Arizona
- Neurosurgery Simulation and Innovation Lab Mayo Clinic Phoenix, Arizona
| | - Bernard R Bendok
- Department of Neurological Surgery Mayo Clinic Phoenix, Arizona
- Precision Neuro-therapeutics Innovation Lab Mayo Clinic Phoenix, Arizona
- Neurosurgery Simulation and Innovation Lab Mayo Clinic Phoenix, Arizona
- Department of Otolaryngology Mayo Clinic Phoenix, Arizona
- Department of Radiology Mayo Clinic Phoenix, Arizona
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