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Hu R, Dun X, Singh L, Banton MC. Runx2 regulates peripheral nerve regeneration to promote Schwann cell migration and re-myelination. Neural Regen Res 2024; 19:1575-1583. [PMID: 38051902 PMCID: PMC10883509 DOI: 10.4103/1673-5374.387977] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2023] [Accepted: 09/16/2023] [Indexed: 12/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Abstract
JOURNAL/nrgr/04.03/01300535-202407000-00038/figure1/v/2023-11-20T171125Z/r/image-tiff
Runx2 is a major regulator of osteoblast differentiation and function; however, the role of Runx2 in peripheral nerve repair is unclear. Here, we analyzed Runx2 expression following injury and found that it was specifically up-regulated in Schwann cells. Furthermore, using Schwann cell-specific Runx2 knockout mice, we studied peripheral nerve development and regeneration and found that multiple steps in the regeneration process following sciatic nerve injury were Runx2-dependent. Changes observed in Runx2 knockout mice include increased proliferation of Schwann cells, impaired Schwann cell migration and axonal regrowth, reduced re-myelination of axons, and a block in macrophage clearance in the late stage of regeneration. Taken together, our findings indicate that Runx2 is a key regulator of Schwann cell plasticity, and therefore peripheral nerve repair. Thus, our study shows that Runx2 plays a major role in Schwann cell migration, re-myelination, and peripheral nerve functional recovery following injury.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rong Hu
- School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Department of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong Province, China
| | - Xinpeng Dun
- The Co-innovation Center of Neuroregeneration, Nantong University, Nantong, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Lolita Singh
- Faculty of Health, University of Plymouth, Plymouth, UK
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2
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Li X, Hu X, Wang P, Cai J. 18F-FDG PET/CT revealed sporadic schwannomatosis involving the lumbar spinal canal and both lower limbs: a case report. Front Med (Lausanne) 2024; 11:1346647. [PMID: 38576707 PMCID: PMC10993731 DOI: 10.3389/fmed.2024.1346647] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2023] [Accepted: 03/05/2024] [Indexed: 04/06/2024] Open
Abstract
Schwannomatosis is a rare autosomal dominant hereditary syndrome disease characterized by multiple schwannomas throughout the body, without bilateral vestibular schwannoma or dermal schwannoma. The most common location of schwannomatosis is the head and neck, as well as the limbs, while multiple schwannomas in the lumbosacral canal and lower extremities are relatively rare. In this study, we report a 79-year-old woman diagnosed with schwannomatosis. MRI and contrast-enhanced imaging revealed multiple schwannomas in both lower extremities. An 18F-FDG PET/CT examination revealed that in addition to multiple tumors with increased 18F-FDG uptake in both lower extremities, there was also an increased 18F-FDG uptake in a mass in the lumbosacral canal. These masses were confirmed to be schwannomas by pathology after surgery or biopsy. 18F-FDG PET/CT findings of schwannomas were correlated with MRI and pathological components. Antoni A area rich in tumor cells showed significant enhancement on contrast-enhanced T1WI, and PET/CT showed increased uptake of 18F-FDG in the corresponding area, while Antoni B region rich in mucus showed low enhancement on contrast-enhanced T1WI, accompanied by a mildly increased 18F-FDG uptake.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaotian Li
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Affiliated Hospital of Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, China
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, People’s Hospital of Qianxinan Buyi and Miao Minority Autonomous Prefecture, Xingyi, China
| | - Xianwen Hu
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Affiliated Hospital of Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, China
| | - Pan Wang
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Affiliated Hospital of Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, China
| | - Jiong Cai
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Affiliated Hospital of Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, China
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3
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Bahmad HF, Thiravialingam A, Sriganeshan K, Gonzalez J, Alvarez V, Ocejo S, Abreu AR, Avellan R, Arzola AH, Hachem S, Poppiti R. Clinical Significance of SOX10 Expression in Human Pathology. Curr Issues Mol Biol 2023; 45:10131-10158. [PMID: 38132479 PMCID: PMC10742133 DOI: 10.3390/cimb45120633] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/20/2023] [Revised: 12/10/2023] [Accepted: 12/12/2023] [Indexed: 12/23/2023] Open
Abstract
The embryonic development of neural crest cells and subsequent tissue differentiation are intricately regulated by specific transcription factors. Among these, SOX10, a member of the SOX gene family, stands out. Located on chromosome 22q13, the SOX10 gene encodes a transcription factor crucial for the differentiation, migration, and maintenance of tissues derived from neural crest cells. It plays a pivotal role in developing various tissues, including the central and peripheral nervous systems, melanocytes, chondrocytes, and odontoblasts. Mutations in SOX10 have been associated with congenital disorders such as Waardenburg-Shah Syndrome, PCWH syndrome, and Kallman syndrome, underscoring its clinical significance. Furthermore, SOX10 is implicated in neural and neuroectodermal tumors, such as melanoma, malignant peripheral nerve sheath tumors (MPNSTs), and schwannomas, influencing processes like proliferation, migration, and differentiation. In mesenchymal tumors, SOX10 expression serves as a valuable marker for distinguishing between different tumor types. Additionally, SOX10 has been identified in various epithelial neoplasms, including breast, ovarian, salivary gland, nasopharyngeal, and bladder cancers, presenting itself as a potential diagnostic and prognostic marker. However, despite these associations, further research is imperative to elucidate its precise role in these malignancies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hisham F. Bahmad
- The Arkadi M. Rywlin M.D. Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Mount Sinai Medical Center, Miami Beach, FL 33140, USA;
| | - Aran Thiravialingam
- Herbert Wertheim College of Medicine, Florida International University, Miami, FL 33199, USA; (A.T.); (K.S.); (J.G.); (S.O.); (A.R.A.); (R.A.); (A.H.A.)
| | - Karthik Sriganeshan
- Herbert Wertheim College of Medicine, Florida International University, Miami, FL 33199, USA; (A.T.); (K.S.); (J.G.); (S.O.); (A.R.A.); (R.A.); (A.H.A.)
| | - Jeffrey Gonzalez
- Herbert Wertheim College of Medicine, Florida International University, Miami, FL 33199, USA; (A.T.); (K.S.); (J.G.); (S.O.); (A.R.A.); (R.A.); (A.H.A.)
| | - Veronica Alvarez
- Herbert Wertheim College of Medicine, Florida International University, Miami, FL 33199, USA; (A.T.); (K.S.); (J.G.); (S.O.); (A.R.A.); (R.A.); (A.H.A.)
| | - Stephanie Ocejo
- Herbert Wertheim College of Medicine, Florida International University, Miami, FL 33199, USA; (A.T.); (K.S.); (J.G.); (S.O.); (A.R.A.); (R.A.); (A.H.A.)
| | - Alvaro R. Abreu
- Herbert Wertheim College of Medicine, Florida International University, Miami, FL 33199, USA; (A.T.); (K.S.); (J.G.); (S.O.); (A.R.A.); (R.A.); (A.H.A.)
| | - Rima Avellan
- Herbert Wertheim College of Medicine, Florida International University, Miami, FL 33199, USA; (A.T.); (K.S.); (J.G.); (S.O.); (A.R.A.); (R.A.); (A.H.A.)
| | - Alejandro H. Arzola
- Herbert Wertheim College of Medicine, Florida International University, Miami, FL 33199, USA; (A.T.); (K.S.); (J.G.); (S.O.); (A.R.A.); (R.A.); (A.H.A.)
| | - Sana Hachem
- Department of Anatomy, Cell Biology, and Physiological Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, American University of Beirut, Beirut 1107, Lebanon;
| | - Robert Poppiti
- The Arkadi M. Rywlin M.D. Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Mount Sinai Medical Center, Miami Beach, FL 33140, USA;
- Department of Pathology, Herbert Wertheim College of Medicine, Florida International University, Miami, FL 33199, USA
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4
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Vasilijic S, Atai NA, Hyakusoku H, Worthington S, Ren Y, Sagers JE, Sahin MI, Brown A, Reddy R, Malhotra C, Fujita T, Landegger LD, Lewis R, Welling DB, Stankovic KM. Identification of immune-related candidate biomarkers in plasma of patients with sporadic vestibular schwannoma. SCIENCE ADVANCES 2023; 9:eadf7295. [PMID: 37948527 PMCID: PMC10637750 DOI: 10.1126/sciadv.adf7295] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/13/2022] [Accepted: 10/11/2023] [Indexed: 11/12/2023]
Abstract
Vestibular schwannoma (VS) is an intracranial tumor arising from neoplastic Schwann cells and typically presenting with hearing loss. The traditional belief that hearing deficit is caused by physical expansion of the VS, compressing the auditory nerve, does not explain the common clinical finding that patients with small tumors can have profound hearing loss, suggesting that tumor-secreted factors could influence hearing ability in VS patients. We conducted profiling of patients' plasma for 66 immune-related factors in patients with sporadic VS (N > 170) and identified and validated candidate biomarkers associated with tumor size (S100B) and hearing (MCP-3). We further identified a nine-biomarker panel (TNR-R2, MIF, CD30, MCP-3, IL-2R, BLC, TWEAK, eotaxin, and S100B) with outstanding discriminatory ability for VS. These findings revealed possible therapeutic targets for VS, providing a unique diagnostic tool that may predict hearing change and tumor growth in VS patients, and may inform the timing of tumor resection to preserve hearing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sasa Vasilijic
- Department of Otolaryngology–Head and Neck Surgery, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA
- Department of Otolaryngology–Head and Neck Surgery, Massachusetts Eye and Ear and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Nadia A. Atai
- Department of Otolaryngology–Head and Neck Surgery, Massachusetts Eye and Ear and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Hiroshi Hyakusoku
- Department of Otolaryngology–Head and Neck Surgery, Massachusetts Eye and Ear and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Yokosuka Kyosai Hospital, Kanagawa, Japan
| | - Steven Worthington
- Harvard Institute for Quantitative Social Science, Harvard University, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - Yin Ren
- Department of Otolaryngology–Head and Neck Surgery, Massachusetts Eye and Ear and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Jessica E. Sagers
- Department of Otolaryngology–Head and Neck Surgery, Massachusetts Eye and Ear and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Mehmet I. Sahin
- Department of Otolaryngology–Head and Neck Surgery, Massachusetts Eye and Ear and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Alyssa Brown
- Department of Otolaryngology–Head and Neck Surgery, Massachusetts Eye and Ear and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Rohan Reddy
- Department of Otolaryngology–Head and Neck Surgery, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Charvi Malhotra
- Department of Otolaryngology–Head and Neck Surgery, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Takeshi Fujita
- Department of Otolaryngology–Head and Neck Surgery, Massachusetts Eye and Ear and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Lukas D. Landegger
- Department of Otolaryngology–Head and Neck Surgery, Massachusetts Eye and Ear and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Richard Lewis
- Department of Otolaryngology–Head and Neck Surgery, Massachusetts Eye and Ear and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
- Department of Neurology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - D. Bradley Welling
- Department of Otolaryngology–Head and Neck Surgery, Massachusetts Eye and Ear and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Konstantina M. Stankovic
- Department of Otolaryngology–Head and Neck Surgery, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA
- Department of Otolaryngology–Head and Neck Surgery, Massachusetts Eye and Ear and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
- Department of Neurosurgery, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA
- Wu Tsai Neurosciences Institute, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA
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5
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Wang X, Sun Q, Wang W, Liu B, Gu Y, Chen L. Decoding key cell sub-populations and molecular alterations in glioblastoma at recurrence by single-cell analysis. Acta Neuropathol Commun 2023; 11:125. [PMID: 37525259 PMCID: PMC10391841 DOI: 10.1186/s40478-023-01613-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2023] [Accepted: 07/01/2023] [Indexed: 08/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Glioblastoma (GBM) is the most frequent malignant brain tumor, the relapse of which is unavoidable following standard treatment. However, the effective treatment for recurrent GBM is lacking, necessitating the understanding of key mechanisms driving tumor recurrence and the identification of new targets for intervention. Here, we integrated single-cell RNA-sequencing data spanning 36 patient-matched primary and recurrent GBM (pGBM and rGBM) specimens, with 6 longitudinal GBM spatial transcriptomics to explore molecular alterations at recurrence, with each cell type characterized in parallel. Genes involved in extracellular matrix (ECM) organization are preferentially enriched in rGBM cells, and MAFK is highlighted as a potential regulator. Notably, we uncover a unique subpopulation of GBM cells that is much less detected in pGBM and highly expresses ECM and mesenchyme related genes, suggesting it may contribute to the molecular transition of rGBM. Further regulatory network analysis reveals that transcription factors, such as NFATC4 and activator protein 1 members, may function as hub regulators. All non-tumor cells alter their specific sets of genes as well and certain subgroups of myeloid cells appear to be physically associated with the mesenchyme-like GBM subpopulation. Altogether, our study provides new insights into the molecular understanding of GBM relapse and candidate targets for rGBM treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xin Wang
- RNA Institute, Hubei Key Laboratory of Cell Homeostasis, College of Life Sciences, Department of Neurosurgery, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430072, China
- BGI Research, Hangzhou, 310030 China
| | - Qian Sun
- RNA Institute, Hubei Key Laboratory of Cell Homeostasis, College of Life Sciences, Department of Neurosurgery, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430072, China
| | - Weiwen Wang
- China National GeneBank, BGI Research, Shenzhen, 518120 China
| | - Baohui Liu
- RNA Institute, Hubei Key Laboratory of Cell Homeostasis, College of Life Sciences, Department of Neurosurgery, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430072, China
| | - Ying Gu
- BGI Research, Hangzhou, 310030 China
- BGI Research, Shenzhen, 518083 China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Genome Read and Write, BGI Research, Shenzhen, 518083 China
- College of Life Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049 China
| | - Liang Chen
- RNA Institute, Hubei Key Laboratory of Cell Homeostasis, College of Life Sciences, Department of Neurosurgery, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430072, China
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6
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Xu M, Wang S, Jiang Y, Wang J, Xiong Y, Dong W, Yao Q, Xing Y, Liu F, Chen Z, Yu D. Single-Cell RNA-Seq Reveals the Heterogeneity of Cell Communications between Schwann Cells and Fibroblasts within the Microenvironment in Vestibular Schwannoma. THE AMERICAN JOURNAL OF PATHOLOGY 2022; 192:1230-1249. [PMID: 35750260 DOI: 10.1016/j.ajpath.2022.06.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2022] [Revised: 05/18/2022] [Accepted: 06/08/2022] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Vestibular schwannomas (VSs), which develop from Schwann cells (SCs) of the vestibular nerve, are the most prevalent benign tumors of the cerebellopontine angle and internal auditory canal. Despite advances in treatment, the cellular components and mechanisms of VS tumor progression remain unclear. Here, we performed single-cell RNA-sequencing on clinically surgically isolated VS samples and clarified their cellular composition in a sophisticated manner, including the heterogeneous SC subtypes. Advanced bioinformatics analysis also revealed the associated biological functions, pseudotime trajectory, and transcriptional network of the SC subgroups. We also found that there was tight intercellular communication between SCs and tumor-associated fibroblasts via integrin and growth factor signaling and that the gene expression differences in SCs and fibroblasts determined the heterogeneity of cellular communication in different individuals. Our findings suggest a microenvironmental mechanism underlying the development of VS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maoxiang Xu
- Otolaryngology Institute of Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Sleep Disordered Breathing, Shanghai Jiao Tong University Affiliated Sixth People's Hospital, Shanghai, China
| | - Shengming Wang
- Otolaryngology Institute of Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Sleep Disordered Breathing, Shanghai Jiao Tong University Affiliated Sixth People's Hospital, Shanghai, China
| | - Yumeng Jiang
- Otolaryngology Institute of Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Sleep Disordered Breathing, Shanghai Jiao Tong University Affiliated Sixth People's Hospital, Shanghai, China
| | - Jingjing Wang
- Otolaryngology Institute of Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Sleep Disordered Breathing, Shanghai Jiao Tong University Affiliated Sixth People's Hospital, Shanghai, China
| | - Yuanping Xiong
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, China
| | - Wenqi Dong
- Otolaryngology Institute of Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Sleep Disordered Breathing, Shanghai Jiao Tong University Affiliated Sixth People's Hospital, Shanghai, China
| | - Qingxiu Yao
- Otolaryngology Institute of Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Sleep Disordered Breathing, Shanghai Jiao Tong University Affiliated Sixth People's Hospital, Shanghai, China
| | - Yazhi Xing
- Otolaryngology Institute of Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Sleep Disordered Breathing, Shanghai Jiao Tong University Affiliated Sixth People's Hospital, Shanghai, China
| | - Feng Liu
- Otolaryngology Institute of Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Sleep Disordered Breathing, Shanghai Jiao Tong University Affiliated Sixth People's Hospital, Shanghai, China.
| | - Zhengnong Chen
- Otolaryngology Institute of Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Sleep Disordered Breathing, Shanghai Jiao Tong University Affiliated Sixth People's Hospital, Shanghai, China.
| | - Dongzhen Yu
- Otolaryngology Institute of Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Sleep Disordered Breathing, Shanghai Jiao Tong University Affiliated Sixth People's Hospital, Shanghai, China
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7
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Zhong QH, Zha SW, Lau ATY, Xu YM. Recent knowledge of NFATc4 in oncogenesis and cancer prognosis. Cancer Cell Int 2022; 22:212. [PMID: 35698138 PMCID: PMC9190084 DOI: 10.1186/s12935-022-02619-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/06/2022] [Accepted: 05/20/2022] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Nuclear factor of activated T-cells, cytoplasmic 4 (NFATc4), a transcription factor of NFAT family, which is activated by Ca2+/calcineurin signaling. Recently, it is reported that aberrantly activated NFATc4 participated and modulated in the initiation, proliferation, invasion, and metastasis of various cancers (including cancers of the lung, breast, ovary, cervix, skin, liver, pancreas, as well as glioma, primary myelofibrosis and acute myelocytic leukemia). In this review, we cover the latest knowledge on NFATc4 expression pattern, post-translational modification, epigenetic regulation, transcriptional activity regulation and its downstream targets. Furthermore, we perform database analysis to reveal the prognostic value of NFATc4 in various cancers and discuss the current unexplored areas of NFATc4 research. All in all, the result from these studies strongly suggest that NFATc4 has the potential as a molecular therapeutic target in multiple human cancer types.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qiu-Hua Zhong
- Laboratory of Cancer Biology and Epigenetics, Department of Cell Biology and Genetics, Shantou University Medical College, 22 Xinling Road, Shantou, Guangdong 515041 People’s Republic of China
| | - Si-Wei Zha
- Laboratory of Cancer Biology and Epigenetics, Department of Cell Biology and Genetics, Shantou University Medical College, 22 Xinling Road, Shantou, Guangdong 515041 People’s Republic of China
| | - Andy T. Y. Lau
- Laboratory of Cancer Biology and Epigenetics, Department of Cell Biology and Genetics, Shantou University Medical College, 22 Xinling Road, Shantou, Guangdong 515041 People’s Republic of China
| | - Yan-Ming Xu
- Laboratory of Cancer Biology and Epigenetics, Department of Cell Biology and Genetics, Shantou University Medical College, 22 Xinling Road, Shantou, Guangdong 515041 People’s Republic of China
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8
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Kum Chol Ri, Ri MR, Kim KH, Choe SI, Ri JH, Kim JH, Ri JH. KLF6 Super-enhancer Regulates Cell Proliferation by Recruiting GATA2 and SOX10 in Human Hepatoma Cells. Mol Biol 2022. [DOI: 10.1134/s0026893322030116] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
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9
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Li M, Min Q, Banton MC, Dun X. Single-Cell Regulatory Network Inference and Clustering Identifies Cell-Type Specific Expression Pattern of Transcription Factors in Mouse Sciatic Nerve. Front Cell Neurosci 2021; 15:676515. [PMID: 34955748 PMCID: PMC8693779 DOI: 10.3389/fncel.2021.676515] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/05/2021] [Accepted: 10/28/2021] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Advances in single-cell RNA sequencing technologies and bioinformatics methods allow for both the identification of cell types in a complex tissue and the large-scale gene expression profiling of various cell types in a mixture. In this report, we analyzed a single-cell RNA sequencing (scRNA-seq) dataset for the intact adult mouse sciatic nerve and examined cell-type specific transcription factor expression and activity during peripheral nerve homeostasis. In total, we identified 238 transcription factors expressed in nine different cell types of intact mouse sciatic nerve. Vascular smooth muscle cells have the lowest number of transcription factors expressed with 17 transcription factors identified. Myelinating Schwann cells (mSCs) have the highest number of transcription factors expressed, with 61 transcription factors identified. We created a cell-type specific expression map for the identified 238 transcription factors. Our results not only provide valuable information about the expression pattern of transcription factors in different cell types of adult peripheral nerves but also facilitate future studies to understand the function of key transcription factors in the peripheral nerve homeostasis and disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mingchao Li
- Department of Neurology, The Affiliated Huai'an No. 1 People's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Huai'an, China
| | - Qing Min
- School of Pharmacy, Hubei University of Science and Technology, Xianning, China
| | - Matthew C Banton
- School of Biomedical Science, Faculty of Health, University of Plymouth, Plymouth, United Kingdom
| | - Xinpeng Dun
- School of Pharmacy, Hubei University of Science and Technology, Xianning, China.,The Co-innovation Center of Neuroregeneration, Nantong University, Nantong, China
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10
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Li M, Banton MC, Min Q, Parkinson DB, Dun X. Meta-Analysis Reveals Transcription Factor Upregulation in Cells of Injured Mouse Sciatic Nerve. Front Cell Neurosci 2021; 15:688243. [PMID: 34744629 PMCID: PMC8567084 DOI: 10.3389/fncel.2021.688243] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2021] [Accepted: 09/30/2021] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Following peripheral nerve injury, transcription factors upregulated in the distal nerve play essential roles in Schwann cell reprogramming, fibroblast activation and immune cell function to create a permissive distal nerve environment for axonal regrowth. In this report, we first analysed four microarray data sets to identify transcription factors that have at least twofold upregulation in the mouse distal nerve stump at day 3 and day 7 post-injury. Next, we compared their relative mRNA levels through the analysis of an available bulk mRNA sequencing data set at day 5 post-injury. We then investigated the expression of identified TFs in analysed single-cell RNA sequencing data sets for the distal nerve at day 3 and day 9 post-injury. These analyses identified 55 transcription factors that have at least twofold upregulation in the distal nerve following mouse sciatic nerve injury. Expression profile for the identified 55 transcription factors in cells of the distal nerve stump was further analysed on the scRNA-seq data. Transcription factor network and functional analysis were performed in Schwann cells. We also validated the expression pattern of Jun, Junb, Runx1, Runx2, and Sox2 in the mouse distal nerve stump by immunostaining. The findings from our study not only could be used to understand the function of key transcription factors in peripheral nerve regeneration but also could be used to facilitate experimental design for future studies to investigate the function of individual TFs in peripheral nerve regeneration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mingchao Li
- Department of Neurology, The Affiliated Huai'an No.1 People's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Huai'an, China
| | - Matthew C Banton
- School of Biomedical Science, Faculty of Health, University of Plymouth, Plymouth, United Kingdom
| | - Qing Min
- School of Pharmacy, Hubei University of Science and Technology, Xianning, China
| | - David B Parkinson
- Peninsula Medical School, Faculty of Health, University of Plymouth, Plymouth, United Kingdom
| | - Xinpeng Dun
- School of Pharmacy, Hubei University of Science and Technology, Xianning, China.,The Co-innovation Center of Neuroregeneration, Nantong University, Nantong, China
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11
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Cho JH, Park S, Kim S, Kang SM, Woo TG, Yoon MH, Lee H, Jeong M, Park YH, Kim H, Han YT, Suh YG, Kim BH, Kwon Y, Yun H, Park BJ. RKIP Induction Promotes Tumor Differentiation via SOX2 Degradation in NF2-Deficient Conditions. Mol Cancer Res 2021; 20:412-424. [PMID: 34728553 DOI: 10.1158/1541-7786.mcr-21-0373] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/19/2021] [Revised: 09/16/2021] [Accepted: 10/28/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Loss of NF2 (merlin) has been suggested as a genetic cause of neurofibromatosis type 2 and malignant peripheral nerve sheath tumor (MPNST). Previously, we demonstrated that NF2 sustained TGFβ receptor 2 (TβR2) expression and reduction or loss of NF2 activated non-canonical TGFβ signaling, which reduced Raf kinase inhibitor protein (RKIP) expression via TβR1 kinase activity. Here, we show that a selective RKIP inducer (novel chemical, Nf18001) inhibits tumor growth and promotes schwannoma cell differentiation into mature Schwann cells under NF2-deficient conditions. In addition, Nf18001 is not cytotoxic to cells expressing NF2 and is not disturb canonical TGFβ signaling. Moreover, the novel chemical induces expression of SOX10, a marker of differentiated Schwann cells, and promotes nuclear export and degradation of SOX2, a stem cell factor. Treatment with Nf18001 inhibited tumor growth in an allograft model with mouse schwannoma cells. These results strongly suggest that selective RKIP inducers could be useful for the treatment of neurofibromatosis type 2 as well as NF2-deficient MPNST. IMPLICATIONS: This study identifies that a selective RKIP inducer inhibits tumor growth and promotes schwannoma cell differentiation under NF2-deficient conditions by reducing SOX2 and increasing SOX10 expression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jung-Hyun Cho
- Department of Molecular Biology, College of Natural Science, Pusan National University, Busan, Republic of Korea.,Institute of Systems Biology, Pusan National University, Busan, Republic of Korea
| | - Soyoung Park
- Department of Molecular Biology, College of Natural Science, Pusan National University, Busan, Republic of Korea
| | - Soyeong Kim
- College of Pharmacy, Pusan National University, Busan, Republic of Korea
| | - So-Mi Kang
- Department of Molecular Biology, College of Natural Science, Pusan National University, Busan, Republic of Korea
| | - Tae-Gyun Woo
- Department of Molecular Biology, College of Natural Science, Pusan National University, Busan, Republic of Korea
| | - Min-Ho Yoon
- Department of Molecular Biology, College of Natural Science, Pusan National University, Busan, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyunkee Lee
- College of Pharmacy, Pusan National University, Busan, Republic of Korea
| | - Myeonggyo Jeong
- College of Pharmacy, Pusan National University, Busan, Republic of Korea
| | - Yeong Hye Park
- College of Pharmacy, Pusan National University, Busan, Republic of Korea
| | - Heegyu Kim
- College of Pharmacy, Pusan National University, Busan, Republic of Korea
| | - Young Taek Han
- College of Pharmacy, Dankook University, Cheonan, Republic of Korea
| | - Young-Ger Suh
- College of Pharmacy, CHA University, Pocheon, Gyeonggi-do, Republic of Korea
| | - Bae-Hoon Kim
- Rare Disease R&D Center, PRG S&T Co., Ltd. Busan, Republic of Korea
| | - Yonghoon Kwon
- Department of Agricultural Biotechnology, Seoul National University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Hwayoung Yun
- College of Pharmacy, Pusan National University, Busan, Republic of Korea.
| | - Bum-Joon Park
- Department of Molecular Biology, College of Natural Science, Pusan National University, Busan, Republic of Korea.
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12
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Xu Z, Orkwis JA, Harris GM. Cell Shape and Matrix Stiffness Impact Schwann Cell Plasticity via YAP/TAZ and Rho GTPases. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms22094821. [PMID: 34062912 PMCID: PMC8124465 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22094821] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2021] [Revised: 04/27/2021] [Accepted: 04/28/2021] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Schwann cells (SCs) are a highly plastic cell type capable of undergoing phenotypic changes following injury or disease. SCs are able to upregulate genes associated with nerve regeneration and ultimately achieve functional recovery. During the regeneration process, the extracellular matrix (ECM) and cell morphology play a cooperative, critical role in regulating SCs, and therefore highly impact nerve regeneration outcomes. However, the roles of the ECM and mechanotransduction relating to SC phenotype are largely unknown. Here, we describe the role that matrix stiffness and cell morphology play in SC phenotype specification via known mechanotransducers YAP/TAZ and RhoA. Using engineered microenvironments to precisely control ECM stiffness, cell shape, and cell spreading, we show that ECM stiffness and SC spreading downregulated SC regenerative associated proteins by the activation of RhoA and YAP/TAZ. Additionally, cell elongation promoted a distinct SC regenerative capacity by the upregulation of Rac1/MKK7/JNK, both necessary for the ECM and morphology changes found during nerve regeneration. These results confirm the role of ECM signaling in peripheral nerve regeneration as well as provide insight to the design of future biomaterials and cellular therapies for peripheral nerve regeneration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhenyuan Xu
- Department of Chemical and Environmental Engineering, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, OH 45221, USA; (Z.X.); (J.A.O.)
| | - Jacob A. Orkwis
- Department of Chemical and Environmental Engineering, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, OH 45221, USA; (Z.X.); (J.A.O.)
| | - Greg M. Harris
- Department of Chemical and Environmental Engineering, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, OH 45221, USA; (Z.X.); (J.A.O.)
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, OH 45221, USA
- Neuroscience Graduate Program, College of Medicine, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, OH 45267, USA
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +1-(513)-556-4167
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13
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Yu L, Peng F, Dong X, Chen Y, Sun D, Jiang S, Deng C. Sex-Determining Region Y Chromosome-Related High-Mobility-Group Box 10 in Cancer: A Potential Therapeutic Target. Front Cell Dev Biol 2020; 8:564740. [PMID: 33344444 PMCID: PMC7744619 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2020.564740] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/22/2020] [Accepted: 11/17/2020] [Indexed: 01/20/2023] Open
Abstract
Sex-determining region Y-related high mobility group-box 10 (SOX10), a member of the SOX family, has recently been highlighted as an essential transcriptional factor involved in developmental biology. Recently, the functionality of SOX 10 has been increasingly revealed by researchers worldwide. It has been reported that SOX10 significantly regulates the proliferation, migration, and apoptosis of tumors and is closely associated with the progression of cancer. In this review, we first introduce the basic background of the SOX family and SOX10 and then discuss the pathophysiological roles of SOX10 in cancer. Besides, we enumerate the application of SOX10 in the pathological diagnosis and therapeutic potential of cancer. Eventually, we summarize the potential directions and perspectives of SOX10 in neoplastic theranostics. The information compiled herein may assist in additional studies and increase the potential of SOX10 as a therapeutic target for cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liming Yu
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China.,Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, General Hospital of Northern Theater Command, Shenyang, China
| | - Fan Peng
- Department of Cardiology, Xijing Hopspital, The Airforce Military Medical University, Xi'an, China
| | - Xue Dong
- Outpatient Department of Liaoning Military Region, General Hospital of Northern Theater Command, Shenyang, China
| | - Ying Chen
- Department of Hematology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China
| | - Dongdong Sun
- Department of Cardiology, Xijing Hopspital, The Airforce Military Medical University, Xi'an, China
| | - Shuai Jiang
- Department of Cardiology, Xijing Hopspital, The Airforce Military Medical University, Xi'an, China
| | - Chao Deng
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China
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14
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Gao X, Zhang L, Jia Q, Tang L, Guo W, Wang T, Wu Z, Zhou W, Li Z, Xiao J. Whole Genome Sequencing Identifies Key Genes in Spinal Schwannoma. Front Genet 2020; 11:507816. [PMID: 33193598 PMCID: PMC7661748 DOI: 10.3389/fgene.2020.507816] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/28/2019] [Accepted: 09/10/2020] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Spinal schwannoma is the most common primary spinal tumor but its genomic landscape and underlying mechanism driving its initiation remain elusive. The aim of the present study was to gain further insights into the molecular mechanisms of this kind of tumor through whole genome sequencing of nine spinal schwannomas and paired blood samples. The results showed that ATM, CHD4, FAT1, KMT2D, MED12, NF2, and SUFU were the most frequently mutated cancer-related genes. In addition, the somatic copy number alterations (CNA) was potentially associated with spinal schwannoma, among which NF2 was found to be frequently deleted in schwannoma samples. Only a few genes were located within the amplified regions. In contrast, the deleted regions in 15q15.1 and 7q36.1 contained most of these genes. With respect to tumorigenesis, NF2 had the highest variant allele frequency (VAF) than other genes, and homozygous deletion was observed in NF1, NF2, and CDKN2C. Pathway-level analysis suggested that Hippo signaling pathway may be a critical pathway controlling the initiation of spinal schwannoma. Collectively, this systematic analysis of DNA sequencing data revealed that some key genes including NF1, NF2, and CDKN2C and Hippo signaling pathway were associated with spinal schwannoma, which may help improve our understanding about the genomic landscape of spinal schwannoma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xin Gao
- Orthopedic Oncology Center, Department of Orthopedics, Changzheng Hospital, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai, China
| | - Li Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Advanced Theory and Application in Statistics and Data Science - MOE, School of Statistics, East China Normal University, Shanghai, China.,Center for Bioinformatics and Computational Biology, School of Life Sciences, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, East China Normal University, Shanghai, China
| | - Qi Jia
- Orthopedic Oncology Center, Department of Orthopedics, Changzheng Hospital, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai, China
| | - Liang Tang
- Orthopedic Oncology Center, Department of Orthopedics, Changzheng Hospital, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai, China
| | - Wen Guo
- Orthopedic Oncology Center, Department of Orthopedics, Changzheng Hospital, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai, China.,Department of Orthopedics, Taizhou People's Hospital, Taizhou, China
| | - Tao Wang
- Orthopedic Oncology Center, Department of Orthopedics, Changzheng Hospital, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai, China
| | - Zheyu Wu
- Orthopedic Oncology Center, Department of Orthopedics, Changzheng Hospital, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai, China.,Department of Orthopedics, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Wang Zhou
- Orthopedic Oncology Center, Department of Orthopedics, Changzheng Hospital, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai, China
| | - Zhenxi Li
- Orthopedic Oncology Center, Department of Orthopedics, Changzheng Hospital, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai, China
| | - Jianru Xiao
- Orthopedic Oncology Center, Department of Orthopedics, Changzheng Hospital, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai, China
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15
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SOX10-regulated promoter use defines isoform-specific gene expression in Schwann cells. BMC Genomics 2020; 21:549. [PMID: 32770939 PMCID: PMC7430845 DOI: 10.1186/s12864-020-06963-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/11/2020] [Accepted: 07/29/2020] [Indexed: 01/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Multicellular organisms adopt various strategies to tailor gene expression to cellular contexts including the employment of multiple promoters (and the associated transcription start sites (TSSs)) at a single locus that encodes distinct gene isoforms. Schwann cells—the myelinating cells of the peripheral nervous system (PNS)—exhibit a specialized gene expression profile directed by the transcription factor SOX10, which is essential for PNS myelination. SOX10 regulates promoter elements associated with unique TSSs and gene isoforms at several target loci, implicating SOX10-mediated, isoform-specific gene expression in Schwann cell function. Here, we report on genome-wide efforts to identify SOX10-regulated promoters and TSSs in Schwann cells to prioritize genes and isoforms for further study. Results We performed global TSS analyses and mined previously reported ChIP-seq datasets to assess the activity of SOX10-bound promoters in three models: (i) an adult mammalian nerve; (ii) differentiating primary Schwann cells, and (iii) cultured Schwann cells with ablated SOX10 function. We explored specific characteristics of SOX10-dependent TSSs, which provides confidence in defining them as SOX10 targets. Finally, we performed functional studies to validate our findings at four previously unreported SOX10 target loci: ARPC1A, CHN2, DDR1, and GAS7. These findings suggest roles for the associated SOX10-regulated gene products in PNS myelination. Conclusions In sum, we provide comprehensive computational and functional assessments of SOX10-regulated TSS use in Schwann cells. The data presented in this study will stimulate functional studies on the specific mRNA and protein isoforms that SOX10 regulates, which will improve our understanding of myelination in the peripheral nerve.
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16
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Monje PV. The properties of human Schwann cells: Lessons from in vitro culture and transplantation studies. Glia 2020; 68:797-810. [PMID: 32027424 DOI: 10.1002/glia.23793] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/25/2019] [Revised: 01/23/2020] [Accepted: 01/23/2020] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
Human Schwann cells (hSCs) can be isolated directly from peripheral nerve and cultured using methods similar to those used for SCs from other species. Yet, important interspecies differences are revealed when the primary or expanded hSCs are compared to their nonhuman counterparts. This review addresses the special properties of nerve-derived hSCs that have resulted to date from both in vitro studies and in vivo research on cell transplantation in animal models and human subjects. A consensus has yet to emerge about the essential attributes of cultured normal hSCs. Thus, an emphasis is placed on the importance of validating hSC cultures by means of purity, identity, and biological activity to reliably use them as in vitro models of the SC phenotype and cell therapy products for injury repair. Combining traditional immunological methods, high-resolution omics approaches, and assorted cell-based assays is so far the best approach to unequivocally identify hSC populations obtained by direct isolation or derivation from stem cells. Special considerations are required to understand and manage the variability and heterogeneity proper of donor batches, as well as to evaluate risk factors. This is particularly important if the intended use of the hSCs is implantation in the human body, diagnosis of disease, or drug testing aimed at targeting any aspect of SC function in human patients. To conclude, in view of their unique properties, new concepts and methods are needed to better understand the biology of hSCs and exploit their full potential in basic science and regenerative medicine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paula V Monje
- The Department of Neurological Surgery, Indiana University, Indianapolis, Indiana
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17
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Roberts SL, Dun XP, Doddrell RDS, Mindos T, Drake LK, Onaitis MW, Florio F, Quattrini A, Lloyd AC, D'Antonio M, Parkinson DB. Sox2 expression in Schwann cells inhibits myelination in vivo and induces influx of macrophages to the nerve. Development 2017; 144:3114-3125. [PMID: 28743796 PMCID: PMC5611958 DOI: 10.1242/dev.150656] [Citation(s) in RCA: 66] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/24/2017] [Accepted: 07/13/2017] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
Correct myelination is crucial for the function of the peripheral nervous system. Both positive and negative regulators within the axon and Schwann cell function to ensure the correct onset and progression of myelination during both development and following peripheral nerve injury and repair. The Sox2 transcription factor is well known for its roles in the development and maintenance of progenitor and stem cell populations, but has also been proposed in vitro as a negative regulator of myelination in Schwann cells. We wished to test fully whether Sox2 regulates myelination in vivo and show here that, in mice, sustained Sox2 expression in vivo blocks myelination in the peripheral nerves and maintains Schwann cells in a proliferative non-differentiated state, which is also associated with increased inflammation within the nerve. The plasticity of Schwann cells allows them to re-myelinate regenerated axons following injury and we show that re-myelination is also blocked by Sox2 expression in Schwann cells. These findings identify Sox2 as a physiological regulator of Schwann cell myelination in vivo and its potential to play a role in disorders of myelination in the peripheral nervous system.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sheridan L Roberts
- Plymouth University Peninsula Schools of Medicine and Dentistry, John Bull Building, Plymouth Science Park, Plymouth PL6 8BU, UK
| | - Xin-Peng Dun
- Plymouth University Peninsula Schools of Medicine and Dentistry, John Bull Building, Plymouth Science Park, Plymouth PL6 8BU, UK
| | - Robin D S Doddrell
- Plymouth University Peninsula Schools of Medicine and Dentistry, John Bull Building, Plymouth Science Park, Plymouth PL6 8BU, UK
| | - Thomas Mindos
- Plymouth University Peninsula Schools of Medicine and Dentistry, John Bull Building, Plymouth Science Park, Plymouth PL6 8BU, UK
| | | | - Mark W Onaitis
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, University of California, San Diego, CA 92103, USA
| | - Francesca Florio
- Division of Genetics and Cell Biology, San Raffaele Scientific Institute, DIBIT, 20132 Milan, Italy
| | - Angelo Quattrini
- Division of Neuroscience, San Raffaele Scientific Institute, DIBIT, 20132 Milan, Italy
| | - Alison C Lloyd
- MRC Laboratory for Molecular Cell Biology, University College London, London WC1E 6BT, UK
| | - Maurizio D'Antonio
- Division of Genetics and Cell Biology, San Raffaele Scientific Institute, DIBIT, 20132 Milan, Italy
| | - David B Parkinson
- Plymouth University Peninsula Schools of Medicine and Dentistry, John Bull Building, Plymouth Science Park, Plymouth PL6 8BU, UK
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18
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Mindos T, Dun XP, North K, Doddrell RDS, Schulz A, Edwards P, Russell J, Gray B, Roberts SL, Shivane A, Mortimer G, Pirie M, Zhang N, Pan D, Morrison H, Parkinson DB. Merlin controls the repair capacity of Schwann cells after injury by regulating Hippo/YAP activity. J Cell Biol 2017; 216:495-510. [PMID: 28137778 PMCID: PMC5294779 DOI: 10.1083/jcb.201606052] [Citation(s) in RCA: 72] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/10/2016] [Revised: 10/23/2016] [Accepted: 12/27/2016] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Loss of the Merlin tumor suppressor and activation of the Hippo signaling pathway play major roles in the control of cell proliferation and tumorigenesis. We have identified completely novel roles for Merlin and the Hippo pathway effector Yes-associated protein (YAP) in the control of Schwann cell (SC) plasticity and peripheral nerve repair after injury. Injury to the peripheral nervous system (PNS) causes a dramatic shift in SC molecular phenotype and the generation of repair-competent SCs, which direct functional repair. We find that loss of Merlin in these cells causes a catastrophic failure of axonal regeneration and remyelination in the PNS. This effect is mediated by activation of YAP expression in Merlin-null SCs, and loss of YAP restores axonal regrowth and functional repair. This work identifies new mechanisms that control the regenerative potential of SCs and gives new insight into understanding the correct control of functional nerve repair in the PNS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thomas Mindos
- Plymouth University Peninsula Schools of Medicine and Dentistry, Plymouth PL6 8BU, England, UK
| | - Xin-Peng Dun
- Plymouth University Peninsula Schools of Medicine and Dentistry, Plymouth PL6 8BU, England, UK
| | - Katherine North
- Plymouth University Peninsula Schools of Medicine and Dentistry, Plymouth PL6 8BU, England, UK
- University of Bath, Bath BA2 7AY, England, UK
| | - Robin D S Doddrell
- Plymouth University Peninsula Schools of Medicine and Dentistry, Plymouth PL6 8BU, England, UK
| | - Alexander Schulz
- Leibniz Institute for Age Research - Fritz Lipmann Institute Jena, D-07745 Jena, Germany
| | - Philip Edwards
- Department of Cellular and Anatomical Pathology, Derriford Hospital, Plymouth PL6 8DH, England, UK
| | - James Russell
- Plymouth University Peninsula Schools of Medicine and Dentistry, Plymouth PL6 8BU, England, UK
| | - Bethany Gray
- Plymouth University Peninsula Schools of Medicine and Dentistry, Plymouth PL6 8BU, England, UK
- University of Bath, Bath BA2 7AY, England, UK
| | - Sheridan L Roberts
- Plymouth University Peninsula Schools of Medicine and Dentistry, Plymouth PL6 8BU, England, UK
| | - Aditya Shivane
- Department of Cellular and Anatomical Pathology, Derriford Hospital, Plymouth PL6 8DH, England, UK
| | - Georgina Mortimer
- Plymouth University Peninsula Schools of Medicine and Dentistry, Plymouth PL6 8BU, England, UK
| | - Melissa Pirie
- Plymouth University Peninsula Schools of Medicine and Dentistry, Plymouth PL6 8BU, England, UK
| | - Nailing Zhang
- Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics, Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21205
| | - Duojia Pan
- Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics, Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21205
| | - Helen Morrison
- Leibniz Institute for Age Research - Fritz Lipmann Institute Jena, D-07745 Jena, Germany
| | - David B Parkinson
- Plymouth University Peninsula Schools of Medicine and Dentistry, Plymouth PL6 8BU, England, UK
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19
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20
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Tong X, Li L, Li X, Heng L, Zhong L, Su X, Rong R, Hu S, Liu W, Jia B, Liu X, Kou G, Han J, Guo S, Hu Y, Li C, Tao Q, Guo Y. SOX10, a novel HMG-box-containing tumor suppressor, inhibits growth and metastasis of digestive cancers by suppressing the Wnt/β-catenin pathway. Oncotarget 2015; 5:10571-83. [PMID: 25301735 PMCID: PMC4279394 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.2512] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2014] [Accepted: 09/24/2014] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
SOX10 was identified as a methylated gene in our previous cancer methylome study. Here we further analyzed its epigenetic inactivation, biological functions and related cell signaling in digestive cancers (colorectal, gastric and esophageal cancers) in detail. SOX10 expression was decreased in multiple digestive cancer cell lines as well as primary tumors due to its promoter methylation. Pharmacologic or genetic demethylation reversed SOX10 silencing. Ectopic expression of SOX10in SOX10-deficient cancer cells inhibits their proliferation, tumorigenicity, and metastatic potentials in vitro and in vivo. SOX10 also suppressed the epithelial to mesenchymal transition (EMT) and stemness properties of digestive tumor cells. Mechanistically, SOX10 competes with TCF4 to bind β-catenin and transrepresses its downstream target genes via its own DNA-binding property. SOX10 mutations that disrupt the SOX10-β-catenin interaction partially prevented tumor suppression. SOX10is thus a commonly inactivated tumor suppressor that antagonizes Wnt/β-catenin signaling in cancer cells from different digestive tissues.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xin Tong
- International Joint Cancer Institute, The Second Military Medical University, Shanghai, China. PLA General Hospital Cancer Center Key Laboratory, Medical School of Chinese PLA, Beijing, China. Department of Pharmacy, Liao Cheng University, Shandong, China
| | - Lili Li
- Cancer Epigenetics Laboratory, Department of Clinical Oncology, State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Sir YK Pao Center for Cancer and Li Ka Shing Institute of Health Sciences, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong
| | - Xiaoyan Li
- International Joint Cancer Institute, The Second Military Medical University, Shanghai, China. PLA General Hospital Cancer Center Key Laboratory, Medical School of Chinese PLA, Beijing, China
| | - Lei Heng
- International Joint Cancer Institute, The Second Military Medical University, Shanghai, China
| | - Lan Zhong
- Cancer Epigenetics Laboratory, Department of Clinical Oncology, State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Sir YK Pao Center for Cancer and Li Ka Shing Institute of Health Sciences, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong
| | - Xianwei Su
- Cancer Epigenetics Laboratory, Department of Clinical Oncology, State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Sir YK Pao Center for Cancer and Li Ka Shing Institute of Health Sciences, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong
| | - Rong Rong
- Cancer Epigenetics Laboratory, Department of Clinical Oncology, State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Sir YK Pao Center for Cancer and Li Ka Shing Institute of Health Sciences, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong
| | - Shi Hu
- International Joint Cancer Institute, The Second Military Medical University, Shanghai, China
| | - Wenjia Liu
- PLA General Hospital Cancer Center Key Laboratory, Medical School of Chinese PLA, Beijing, China
| | - Baoqing Jia
- PLA General Hospital Cancer Center Key Laboratory, Medical School of Chinese PLA, Beijing, China
| | - Xing Liu
- 150 hospital of Chinese PLA, Luoyang, China
| | - Geng Kou
- International Joint Cancer Institute, The Second Military Medical University, Shanghai, China. Department of Pharmacy, Liao Cheng University, Shandong, China
| | - Jun Han
- Department of Pharmacy, Liao Cheng University, Shandong, China. State Key Laboratory of Antibody Medicine & Targeting Therapy and Shanghai Key Laboratory of Cell Engineering & Antibody, Shanghai, China
| | - Shangjing Guo
- Department of Pharmacy, Liao Cheng University, Shandong, China
| | - Yi Hu
- PLA General Hospital Cancer Center Key Laboratory, Medical School of Chinese PLA, Beijing, China
| | - Cheng Li
- PLA General Hospital Cancer Center Key Laboratory, Medical School of Chinese PLA, Beijing, China
| | - Qian Tao
- Cancer Epigenetics Laboratory, Department of Clinical Oncology, State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Sir YK Pao Center for Cancer and Li Ka Shing Institute of Health Sciences, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong
| | - Yajun Guo
- International Joint Cancer Institute, The Second Military Medical University, Shanghai, China. PLA General Hospital Cancer Center Key Laboratory, Medical School of Chinese PLA, Beijing, China. Department of Pharmacy, Liao Cheng University, Shandong, China. State Key Laboratory of Antibody Medicine & Targeting Therapy and Shanghai Key Laboratory of Cell Engineering & Antibody, Shanghai, China
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21
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Text mining and network analysis of molecular interaction in non-small cell lung cancer by using natural language processing. Mol Biol Rep 2014; 41:8071-9. [PMID: 25205120 DOI: 10.1007/s11033-014-3705-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/18/2014] [Accepted: 08/23/2014] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
Abstract
Lung cancer including non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) and small cell lung cancer is one of the most aggressive tumors with high incidence and low survival rate. The typical NSCLC patients account for 80-85 % of the total lung cancer patients. To systemically explore the molecular mechanisms of NSCLC, we performed a molecular network analysis between human and mouse to identify key genes (pathways) involved in the occurrence of NSCLC. We automatically extracted the human-to-mouse orthologous interactions using the GeneWays system by natural language processing and further constructed molecular (gene and its products) networks by mapping the human-to-mouse interactions to NSCLC-related mammalian phenotypes, followed by module analysis using ClusterONE of Cytoscape and pathway enrichment analysis using the database for annotation, visualization and integrated discovery (DAVID) successively. A total of 70 genes were proven to be related to the mammalian phenotypes of NSCLC, and seven genes (ATAD5, BECN1, CDKN2A, FNTB, E2F1, KRAS and PTEN) were found to have a bearing on more than one mammalian phenotype (MP) each. Four network clusters centered by four genes thyroglobulin (TG), neurofibromatosis type-1 (NF1 ), neurofibromatosis type 2 (NF2 ) and E2F transcription factor 1 (E2F1) were generated. Genes in the four network modules were enriched in eight KEGG pathways (p value < 0.05), including pathways in cancer, small cell lung cancer, cell cycle and p53 signaling pathway. Genes p53 and E2F1 may play important roles in NSCLC occurrence, and thus can be considered as therapeutic targets for NSCLC.
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22
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Widemann BC, Acosta MT, Ammoun S, Belzberg AJ, Bernards A, Blakeley J, Bretscher A, Cichowski K, Clapp DW, Dombi E, Evans GD, Ferner R, Fernandez-Valle C, Fisher MJ, Giovannini M, Gutmann DH, Hanemann CO, Hennigan R, Huson S, Ingram D, Kissil J, Korf BR, Legius E, Packer RJ, McClatchey AI, McCormick F, North K, Pehrsson M, Plotkin SR, Ramesh V, Ratner N, Schirmer S, Sherman L, Schorry E, Stevenson D, Stewart DR, Ullrich N, Bakker AC, Morrison H. CTF meeting 2012: Translation of the basic understanding of the biology and genetics of NF1, NF2, and schwannomatosis toward the development of effective therapies. Am J Med Genet A 2014; 164A:563-78. [PMID: 24443315 DOI: 10.1002/ajmg.a.36312] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/26/2013] [Accepted: 07/17/2013] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
The neurofibromatoses (NF) are autosomal dominant genetic disorders that encompass the rare diseases NF1, NF2, and schwannomatosis. The NFs affect more people worldwide than Duchenne muscular dystrophy and Huntington's disease combined. NF1 and NF2 are caused by mutations of known tumor suppressor genes (NF1 and NF2, respectively). For schwannomatosis, although mutations in SMARCB1 were identified in a subpopulation of schwannomatosis patients, additional causative gene mutations are still to be discovered. Individuals with NF1 may demonstrate manifestations in multiple organ systems, including tumors of the nervous system, learning disabilities, and physical disfigurement. NF2 ultimately can cause deafness, cranial nerve deficits, and additional severe morbidities caused by tumors of the nervous system. Unmanageable pain is a key finding in patients with schwannomatosis. Although today there is no marketed treatment for NF-related tumors, a significant number of clinical trials have become available. In addition, significant preclinical efforts have led to a more rational selection of potential drug candidates for NF trials. An important element in fueling this progress is the sharing of knowledge. For over 20 years the Children's Tumor Foundation has convened an annual NF Conference, bringing together NF professionals to share novel findings, ideas, and build collaborations. The 2012 NF Conference held in New Orleans hosted over 350 NF researchers and clinicians. This article provides a synthesis of the highlights presented at the conference and as such, is a "state-of-the-field" for NF research in 2012.
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Affiliation(s)
- Brigitte C Widemann
- Pediatric Oncology Branch, NIH-National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, Maryland
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23
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Van Raamsdonk CD, Deo M. Links between Schwann cells and melanocytes in development and disease. Pigment Cell Melanoma Res 2013; 26:634-45. [DOI: 10.1111/pcmr.12134] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/18/2013] [Accepted: 06/28/2013] [Indexed: 01/31/2023]
Affiliation(s)
| | - Mugdha Deo
- Department of Medical Genetics; University of British Columbia; Vancouver; BC; Canada
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