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Liu C, Zhou L, Chen Z. Construction of gastric cancer prognostic signature based on the E26 transcription factor and the identification of novel oncogene ELK3. Am J Cancer Res 2024; 14:1831-1849. [PMID: 38726274 PMCID: PMC11076248 DOI: 10.62347/rvbp7871] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/14/2023] [Accepted: 02/11/2024] [Indexed: 05/12/2024] Open
Abstract
The aim of the present study was to investigate the function of 29 E26 (ETS) transcription factor families in gastric cancer (GC) and determine their association with prognosis. Our analysis of the expression of the ETS family revealed that 28 genes were dysregulated in GC, and that their expression was associated with multiple clinicopathological features (P<0.05). Based on the expression signature of the ETS family, consensus clustering was performed to generate two gastric cancer subtypes. These subtypes exhibited differences in overall survival (OS, P = 0.161), disease-free survival (DFS, P<0.05) and GC grade (P<0.01). Functional enrichment analysis of the target genes associated with the ETS family indicated that these genes primarily contribute to functions that facilitate tumor progression. A systematic statistical analysis was used to construct a prognostic model related to OS and DFS in association with the ETS family. This model demonstrated that the maximum area under the curve (AUC) values for predicting OS and DFS were 0.729 and 0.670, respectively, establishing ETS as an independent prognostic factor for GC Furthermore, a nomogram was created from the prognostic signature, and its predictive accuracy was confirmed by a calibration curve. Finally, the expression and prognostic significance of the six genes comprising the model were also examined. Among these, ELK3 was found to be significantly overexpressed in GC clinical samples. Subsequent in vitro and in vivo studies verified that ELK3 regulates GC proliferation and metastasis, highlighting its potential as a therapeutic target for gastric cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chenxi Liu
- School of Optometry, Jiangxi Medical College, Nanchang UniversityNanchang 330006, Jiangxi, P. R. China
| | - Liqiang Zhou
- Department of General Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Jiangxi Medical College, Nanchang UniversityNanchang 330006, Jiangxi, P. R. China
- Department of General Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital, Jiangxi Medical College, Nanchang UniversityNanchang 330006, Jiangxi, P. R. China
| | - Zhiqing Chen
- Jiangxi Provincial Key Laboratory of Molecular Medicine, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Jiangxi Medical College, Nanchang UniversityNanchang 330006, Jiangxi, P. R. China
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2
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Chen S, Zhu X, Ou W, Kang L, Situ J, Liao Z, Huang L, Qi W, Ni S. ETS2 overexpression ameliorates cartilage injury in osteoarthritis by the ETS2/miR-155/STAT1/DNMT1 feedback loop pathway. BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA ACTA. GENE REGULATORY MECHANISMS 2023; 1866:194965. [PMID: 37524226 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbagrm.2023.194965] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2023] [Revised: 07/14/2023] [Accepted: 07/26/2023] [Indexed: 08/02/2023]
Abstract
Osteoarthritis (OA) is the most common irreversible chronic joint dysfunction disease, which is pathologically characterized by disturbance of articular cartilage homeostasis leading to subsequent inflammatory response and cartilage extracellular matrix (ECM) degradation. Increasing evidence has demonstrated the dysregulation of transcription factors play crucial roles in the occurrence and development of osteoarthritis (OA), but the potential functions and mechanism of most transcription factors in OA has not been completely illuminated. In this study, we identified that transcription factor V-ets erythroblastosis virus E26 oncogene homolog 2 (ETS2) was significantly down-regulated in OA cartilage and IL-1β-induced OA chondrocytes. Functional experiments in vitro demonstrated that the overexpressed ETS2 strikingly enhanced proliferation, outstandingly suppressed apoptosis, and dramatically reduced inflammation and ECM degradation in IL-1β-induced OA chondrocytes, whereas the knockdown of ETS2 led to the opposite effects. Further in vivo studies have shown that up-regulated ETS2 dramatically ameliorates cartilage injury in DMM-induced OA mice. Mechanical studies have disclosed that DNMT1-mediated downregulation of ETS2 dramatically promotes STAT1 by inhibiting miR-155 transcription, and increased STAT1 initiates a feedback loop that may enhance DNMT1-mediated hypermethylation of ETS2 to inhibit ETS2 expression, thus forming a DNMT1/ETS2/miR-155/STAT1 feedback loop that inhibits MAPK signaling pathways and aggravates OA cartilage injury. In all, our results revealed that overexpression of ETS2 markedly ameliorated OA cartilage injury through the ETS2/miR-155/STAT1/DNMT1 feedback loop, providing a new perspective on the pathogenesis and therapeutic strategies for OA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuxiang Chen
- Department of Orthopaedic, Jiangmen Wuyi Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jiangmen, Guangdong, China
| | - Xiaotong Zhu
- Department of Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology, Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Wenhuan Ou
- Department of Orthopaedic, Jiangmen Wuyi Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jiangmen, Guangdong, China
| | - Le Kang
- Department of Orthopaedic, Jiangmen Wuyi Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jiangmen, Guangdong, China
| | - Jian Situ
- Department of Orthopaedic, Jiangmen Wuyi Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jiangmen, Guangdong, China
| | - Zhipeng Liao
- Department of Orthopaedic, Jiangmen Wuyi Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jiangmen, Guangdong, China
| | - Li Huang
- Department of Orthopaedic, Jiangmen Wuyi Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jiangmen, Guangdong, China
| | - Weizhong Qi
- Department of Orthopaedic, Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China.
| | - Songjia Ni
- Department of Orthopaedic, Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China.
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Huang L, Liang D, Zhang Y, Chen X, Chen J, Wen C, Liu H, Yang X, Yang X, Lin S. METTL3 promotes colorectal cancer metastasis by promoting the maturation of pri-microRNA-196b. J Cancer Res Clin Oncol 2022:10.1007/s00432-022-04429-9. [PMID: 36348020 DOI: 10.1007/s00432-022-04429-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/09/2022] [Accepted: 10/16/2022] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE Methyltransferase-like 3 (METTL3), a key member of the m6A methyltransferase complex, is upregulated in multiple human malignancies and plays a role in regulating tumor migration. This study aimed to reveal the underlying mechanism by which METTL3 in regulates the metastasis of colorectal cancer (CRC). METHODS We compared METTL3 expression levels in CRC tumor tissues and adjacent nontumor tissues by immunohistochemistry (IHC). The functional roles of METTL3 in CRC were assessed by real-time cell migration assays, wound-healing assays and Transwell assays. miRNA sequencing (miRNA-seq), RNA-binding protein immunoprecipitation (RIP) assays and N6-methyladenosine immunoprecipitation (MeRIP) assays were performed to confirm the molecular mechanism underlying the involvement of METTL3 in CRC cell metastasis. RESULTS We found that METTL3 was overexpressed in CRC tissues. METTL3 knockdown significantly inhibited CRC cell migration and invasion, while METTL3 overexpression had the opposite effects. Furthermore, we demonstrated that METTL3 regulates miR-196b expression via an N6-methyladenosine (m6A)-pri-miR-196b-dependent mechanism and thereby promotes CRC metastasis. CONCLUSION This study shows the important role of METTL3 in CRC metastasis and provides novel insight into m6A modification in CRC metastasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lanlan Huang
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou, China
- School of Clinical Medicine, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou, China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Colorectal and Pelvic Floor Diseases, Guangdong Institute of Gastroenterology, The Sixth Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Danlu Liang
- School of Clinical Medicine, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yu Zhang
- School of Clinical Medicine, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xiaoting Chen
- School of Clinical Medicine, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Junxiong Chen
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Colorectal and Pelvic Floor Diseases, Guangdong Institute of Gastroenterology, The Sixth Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Chuangyu Wen
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Colorectal and Pelvic Floor Diseases, Guangdong Institute of Gastroenterology, The Sixth Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Huanliang Liu
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Colorectal and Pelvic Floor Diseases, Guangdong Institute of Gastroenterology, The Sixth Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, China
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, The Sixth Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xiaorong Yang
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xiangling Yang
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Colorectal and Pelvic Floor Diseases, Guangdong Institute of Gastroenterology, The Sixth Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, China.
| | - Shaoqiang Lin
- School of Clinical Medicine, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou, China.
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4
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Du L, Liu Y, Li C, Deng J, Sang Y. The interaction between ETS transcription factor family members and microRNAs: A novel approach to cancer therapy. Biomed Pharmacother 2022; 150:113069. [PMID: 35658214 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2022.113069] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2022] [Revised: 04/26/2022] [Accepted: 04/28/2022] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
In cancer biology, ETS transcription factors promote tumorigenesis by mediating transcriptional regulation of numerous genes via the conserved ETS DNA-binding domain. MicroRNAs (miRNAs) act as posttranscriptional regulators to regulate various tumor-promoting or tumor-suppressing factors. Interactions between ETS factors and miRNAs regulate complex tumor-promoting and tumor-suppressing networks. This review discusses the progress of ETS factors and miRNAs in cancer research in detail. We focused on characterizing the interaction of the miRNA/ETS axis with competing endogenous RNAs (ceRNAs) and its regulation in posttranslational modifications (PTMs) and the tumor microenvironment (TME). Finally, we explore the prospect of ETS factors and miRNAs in therapeutic intervention. Generally, interactions between ETS factors and miRNAs provide fresh perspectives into tumorigenesis and development and novel therapeutic approaches for malignant tumors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liwei Du
- Jiangxi Key Laboratory of Cancer Metastasis and Precision Treatment, Department of Center Laboratory, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University & The First Hospital of Nanchang, Nanchang 330008, China
| | - Yuchen Liu
- Jiangxi Key Laboratory of Cancer Metastasis and Precision Treatment, Department of Center Laboratory, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University & The First Hospital of Nanchang, Nanchang 330008, China; Stomatology College of Nanchang University, Nanchang, China
| | - Chenxi Li
- Jiangxi Key Laboratory of Cancer Metastasis and Precision Treatment, Department of Center Laboratory, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University & The First Hospital of Nanchang, Nanchang 330008, China
| | - Jinkuang Deng
- Jiangxi Key Laboratory of Cancer Metastasis and Precision Treatment, Department of Center Laboratory, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University & The First Hospital of Nanchang, Nanchang 330008, China
| | - Yi Sang
- Jiangxi Key Laboratory of Cancer Metastasis and Precision Treatment, Department of Center Laboratory, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University & The First Hospital of Nanchang, Nanchang 330008, China.
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5
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Fang G, Fan J, Ding Z, Li R, Lin K, Fu J, Huang Q, Zeng Y, Liu J. Prognostic and Predictive Value of Transcription Factors Panel for Digestive System Carcinoma. Front Oncol 2021; 11:670129. [PMID: 34745933 PMCID: PMC8566925 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2021.670129] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2021] [Accepted: 09/24/2021] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Purpose Digestive system carcinoma is one of the most devastating diseases worldwide. Lack of valid clinicopathological parameters as prognostic factors needs more accurate and effective biomarkers for high-confidence prognosis that guide decision-making for optimal treatment of digestive system carcinoma. The aim of the present study was to establish a novel model to improve prognosis prediction of digestive system carcinoma, with a particular interest in transcription factors (TFs). Materials and Methods A TF-related prognosis model of digestive system carcinoma with data from TCGA database successively were processed by univariate and multivariate Cox regression analyses. Then, for evaluating the prognostic prediction value of the model, ROC curve and survival analysis were performed by external data from GEO database. Furthermore, we verified the expression of TFs expression by qPCR in digestive system carcinoma tissue. Finally, we constructed a TF clinical characteristics nomogram to furtherly predict digestive system carcinoma patient survival probability with TCGA database. Results By Cox regression analysis, a panel of 17 TFs (NFIC, YBX2, ZBTB47, ZNF367, CREB3L3, HEYL, FOXD1, TIGD1, SNAI1, HSF4, CENPA, ETS2, FOXM1, ETV4, MYBL2, FOXQ1, ZNF589) was identified to present with powerful predictive performance for overall survival of digestive system carcinoma patients based on TCGA database. A nomogram that integrates TFs was established, allowing efficient prediction of survival probabilities and displaying higher clinical utility. Conclusion The 17-TF panel is an independent prognostic factor for digestive system carcinoma, and 17 TFs based nomogram might provide implication an effective approach for digestive system carcinoma patient management and treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guoxu Fang
- Department of Hepatopancreatobiliary Surgery, Mengchao Hepatobiliary Hospital of Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, China.,The Big Data Institute of Southeast Hepatobiliary Health Information, Mengchao Hepatobiliary Hospital of Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, China
| | - Jianhui Fan
- Department of Hepatology for Pregnancy, Mengchao Hepatobiliary Hospital of Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, China
| | - Zongren Ding
- Department of Hepatopancreatobiliary Surgery, Mengchao Hepatobiliary Hospital of Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, China.,The Big Data Institute of Southeast Hepatobiliary Health Information, Mengchao Hepatobiliary Hospital of Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, China
| | - Rong Li
- Department of Pathology, Eastern Hepatobiliary Surgery Hospital of Naval Medical University, Shanghai, China
| | - Kongying Lin
- Department of Hepatopancreatobiliary Surgery, Mengchao Hepatobiliary Hospital of Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, China.,The Big Data Institute of Southeast Hepatobiliary Health Information, Mengchao Hepatobiliary Hospital of Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, China
| | - Jun Fu
- Department of Hepatopancreatobiliary Surgery, Mengchao Hepatobiliary Hospital of Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, China.,The Big Data Institute of Southeast Hepatobiliary Health Information, Mengchao Hepatobiliary Hospital of Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, China
| | - Qizhen Huang
- The Big Data Institute of Southeast Hepatobiliary Health Information, Mengchao Hepatobiliary Hospital of Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, China.,Department of Radiation Oncology, Mengchao Hepatobiliary Hospital of Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, China
| | - Yongyi Zeng
- Department of Hepatopancreatobiliary Surgery, Mengchao Hepatobiliary Hospital of Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, China
| | - Jingfeng Liu
- Department of Hepatopancreatobiliary Surgery, Mengchao Hepatobiliary Hospital of Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, China.,The Big Data Institute of Southeast Hepatobiliary Health Information, Mengchao Hepatobiliary Hospital of Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, China.,Department of Hepatopancreatobiliary Surgery, Fujian Medical University Cancer Hospital, Fujian Cancer Hospital, Fuzhou, China
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6
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Wang Z, Li Y, Cao J, Zhang W, Wang Q, Zhang Z, Gao Z, Ye Y, Jiang K, Wang S. MicroRNA Profile Identifies miR-6165 Could Suppress Gastric Cancer Migration and Invasion by Targeting STRN4. Onco Targets Ther 2020; 13:1859-1869. [PMID: 32184620 PMCID: PMC7060782 DOI: 10.2147/ott.s208024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2019] [Accepted: 02/11/2020] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Recent studies showed that aberrant expression of miRNAs causes tumor-suppressing or promoting effects in various cancers including gastric cancer (GC). Our previous studies showed that lots of miRNAs and mRNA expressed differentially in GC and normal tissues. However, the critical miRNAs and mRNA need to be clarified. Materials and Methods Microarray sequencing was used to profile the differential expression of miRNAs and mRNA in GC and normal tissues. Bioinformatics analysis and database prediction were used to search the critical miRNAs and mRNA. Real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction (RT-qPCR), luciferase reporter assay, immunohistochemistry (IHC), wound healing assay and transwell assay were used to clarify the relationship between the target miRNAs and mRNA. Statistical analysis was used to seek their value of diagnosis and prognosis. Results We identified microRNA-6165 (miR-6165) as a novel cancer-related miRNA in GC through high-throughput microarray sequencing. By bioinformatics analysis and luciferase reporter assay, we found STRN4 was the target of miR-6165. Via a series of cell experiments, we determined that miR-6165 suppressed GC cells migration and invasion by targeting STRN4. Also, we discovered the potential diagnosis and prognosis value of miR-6165 and STRN4. Conclusion It was found that miR-6165 might suppress GC migration and invasion by targeting STRN4 in vitro, and the further research should focus more on the potential diagnosis and prognosis value of miR-6165 and STRN4 in gastric cancer patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhu Wang
- Department of Gastroenterological Surgery, Peking University People's Hospital, Beijing 100044, People's Republic of China.,Laboratory of Surgical Oncology, Beijing Key Laboratory of Colorectal Cancer Diagnosis and Treatment Research, Peking University People's Hospital, Beijing 100044, People's Republic of China
| | - Yang Li
- Department of Gastroenterological Surgery, Peking University People's Hospital, Beijing 100044, People's Republic of China.,Laboratory of Surgical Oncology, Beijing Key Laboratory of Colorectal Cancer Diagnosis and Treatment Research, Peking University People's Hospital, Beijing 100044, People's Republic of China
| | - Jian Cao
- Department of Gastroenterological Surgery, Peking University People's Hospital, Beijing 100044, People's Republic of China
| | - Wei Zhang
- Department of Gastroenterological Surgery, Peking University People's Hospital, Beijing 100044, People's Republic of China.,Laboratory of Surgical Oncology, Beijing Key Laboratory of Colorectal Cancer Diagnosis and Treatment Research, Peking University People's Hospital, Beijing 100044, People's Republic of China
| | - Quan Wang
- Department of Gastroenterological Surgery, Peking University People's Hospital, Beijing 100044, People's Republic of China.,Laboratory of Surgical Oncology, Beijing Key Laboratory of Colorectal Cancer Diagnosis and Treatment Research, Peking University People's Hospital, Beijing 100044, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhen Zhang
- Department of Gastroenterological Surgery, Peking University People's Hospital, Beijing 100044, People's Republic of China.,Laboratory of Surgical Oncology, Beijing Key Laboratory of Colorectal Cancer Diagnosis and Treatment Research, Peking University People's Hospital, Beijing 100044, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhidong Gao
- Department of Gastroenterological Surgery, Peking University People's Hospital, Beijing 100044, People's Republic of China
| | - Yingjiang Ye
- Department of Gastroenterological Surgery, Peking University People's Hospital, Beijing 100044, People's Republic of China.,Laboratory of Surgical Oncology, Beijing Key Laboratory of Colorectal Cancer Diagnosis and Treatment Research, Peking University People's Hospital, Beijing 100044, People's Republic of China
| | - Kewei Jiang
- Department of Gastroenterological Surgery, Peking University People's Hospital, Beijing 100044, People's Republic of China.,Laboratory of Surgical Oncology, Beijing Key Laboratory of Colorectal Cancer Diagnosis and Treatment Research, Peking University People's Hospital, Beijing 100044, People's Republic of China
| | - Shan Wang
- Department of Gastroenterological Surgery, Peking University People's Hospital, Beijing 100044, People's Republic of China.,Laboratory of Surgical Oncology, Beijing Key Laboratory of Colorectal Cancer Diagnosis and Treatment Research, Peking University People's Hospital, Beijing 100044, People's Republic of China
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7
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ETS2 promotes epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition in renal fibrosis by targeting JUNB transcription. J Transl Med 2020; 100:438-453. [PMID: 31641227 DOI: 10.1038/s41374-019-0331-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/26/2019] [Revised: 08/16/2019] [Accepted: 09/23/2019] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition (EMT) plays an important role in the progression of renal tubulointerstitial fibrosis, a common mechanism leading to end-stage renal failure. V-ets erythroblastosis virus E26 oncogene homolog 2 (ETS2), a transcription factor, exhibits diverse roles in pathogenesis; however, its role in renal fibrosis is not yet fully understood. In this study, we detected the expression of ETS2 in an animal model of renal fibrosis and evaluated the potential role of ETS2 in tubular EMT induced by TGF-β1. We found that ETS2 and profibrogenic factors, alpha-smooth muscle actin (α-SMA) and fibronectin (FN), were significantly increased in the unilateral ureteral obstruction (UUO)-induced renal fibrosis model in mice. In vitro, TGF-β1 induced a high expression of ETS2 dependent on Smad3 and ERK signaling pathway in human proximal tubular epithelial cells (HK2). Knockdown of ETS2 abrogated TGF-β1-mediated expression of profibrogenic factors vimentin, α-SMA, collagen I, and FN in HK2 cells. Mechanistically, ETS2 promoted JUNB expression in HK2 cells after TGF-β1 stimulation. Furthermore, luciferase and Chromatin Immunoprecipitation (ChIP) assays revealed that the binding of ETS2 to three EBS motifs on the promoter of JUNB triggered its transcription. Notably, silencing JUNB reversed the ETS2-induced upregulation of the profibrogenic factors in HK2 cells after TGF-β1 stimulation. These findings suggest that ETS2 mediates TGF-β1-induced EMT in renal tubular cells through JUNB, a novel pathway for preventing renal fibrosis.
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8
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Yang L, Zhu Y, Kong D, Gong J, Yu W, Liang Y, Nie Y, Teng CB. EGF suppresses the expression of miR-124a in pancreatic β cell lines via ETS2 activation through the MEK and PI3K signaling pathways. Int J Biol Sci 2019; 15:2561-2575. [PMID: 31754329 PMCID: PMC6854373 DOI: 10.7150/ijbs.34985] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/18/2019] [Accepted: 08/11/2019] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Diabetes mellitus is characterized by pancreatic β cell dysfunction. Previous studies have indicated that epidermal growth factor (EGF) and microRNA-124a (miR-124a) play opposite roles in insulin biosynthesis and secretion by beta cells. However, the underlying mechanisms remain poorly understood. In the present study, we demonstrated that EGF could inhibit miR-124a expression in beta cell lines through downstream signaling pathways, including mitogen-activated protein kinase kinase (MEK) and phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase (PI3K) cascades. Further, the transcription factor ETS2, a member of the ETS (E26 transformation-specific) family, was identified to be responsible for the EGF-mediated suppression of miR-124a expression, which was dependent on ETS2 phosphorylation at threonine 72. Activation of ETS2 decreased miR-124a promoter transcriptional activity through the putative conserved binding sites AGGAANA/TN in three miR-124a promoters located in different chromosomes. Of note, ETS2 played a positive role in regulating beta cell function-related genes, including miR-124a targets, Forkhead box a2 (FOXA2) and Neurogenic differentiation 1 (NEUROD1), which may have partly been through the inhibition of miR-124 expression. Knockdown and overexpression of ETS2 led to the prevention and promotion of insulin biosynthesis respectively, while barely affecting the secretion ability. These results suggest that EGF may induce the activation of ETS2 to inhibit miR-124a expression to maintain proper beta cell functions and that ETS2, as a novel regulator of insulin production, is a potential therapeutic target for diabetes mellitus treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lin Yang
- College of Life Science, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin, China
| | - Yuansen Zhu
- College of Life Science, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin, China
| | - Delin Kong
- College of Life Science, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin, China
| | - Jiawei Gong
- College of Life Science, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin, China
| | - Wen Yu
- College of Life Science, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin, China
| | - Yang Liang
- College of Life Science, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin, China
| | - Yuzhe Nie
- College of Life Science, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin, China
| | - Chun-Bo Teng
- College of Life Science, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin, China
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9
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Pereira A, Moreira F, Vinasco-Sandoval T, Cunha A, Vidal A, Ribeiro-dos-Santos AM, Pinto P, Magalhães L, Assumpção M, Demachki S, Santos S, Assumpção P, Ribeiro-dos-Santos Â. miRNome Reveals New Insights Into the Molecular Biology of Field Cancerization in Gastric Cancer. Front Genet 2019; 10:592. [PMID: 31275362 PMCID: PMC6593062 DOI: 10.3389/fgene.2019.00592] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/05/2018] [Accepted: 06/04/2019] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND MicroRNAs (miRNAs) play an important role in gastric carcinogenesis and have been associated with gastric field cancerization; however, their role is not fully understood in this process. We performed the miRNome sequencing of non-cancerous, adjacent to tumor and gastric cancer samples to understand the involvement of these small RNAs in gastric field cancerization. METHODS We analyzed samples of patients without cancer as control (non-cancerous gastric samples) and adjacent to cancer and gastric cancer paired samples, and considered miRNAs with |log2(fold change)| > 2 and Padj < 0.05 to be statistically significant. The identification of target genes, functional analysis and enrichment in KEGG pathways were realized in the TargetCompare, miRTargetLink, and DAVID tools. We also performed receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves and miRNAs that had an AUC > 0.85 were considered to be potential biomarkers. RESULTS We found 14 miRNAs exclusively deregulated in gastric cancer, of which six have potential diagnostic value for advanced disease. Nine miRNAs with known tumor suppressor activities (TS-miRs) were deregulated exclusively in adjacent tissue. Of these, five have potential diagnostic value for the early stages of gastric cancer. Functional analysis of these TS-miRs revealed that they regulate important cellular signaling pathways (PI3K-Akt, HIF-1, Ras, Rap1, ErbB, and MAPK signaling pathways), that are involved in gastric carcinogenesis. Seven miRNAs were differentially expressed in both gastric cancer and adjacent regarding to non-cancerous tissues; among them, hsa-miR-200a-3p and hsa-miR-873-5p have potential diagnostic value for early and advanced stages of the disease. Only hsa-miR-196a-5p was differentially expressed between adjacent to cancer and gastric cancer tissues. In addition, the other miRNAs identified in this study were not differentially expressed between adjacent to cancer and gastric cancer, suggesting that these tissues are very similar and that share these molecular changes. CONCLUSION Our results show that gastric cancer and adjacent tissues have a similar miRNA expression profile, indicating that studied miRNAs are intimately associated with field cancerization in gastric cancer. The overexpression of TS-miRs in adjacent tissues may be a barrier against tumorigenesis within these pre-cancerous conditions prior to the eventual formation or relapse of a tumor. Additionally, these miRNAs have a great accuracy in discriminating non-cancerous from adjacent to tumor and cancer tissues and can be potentially useful as biomarkers for gastric cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adenilson Pereira
- Laboratory of Human and Medical Genetics, Institute of Biological Sciences, Graduate Program of Genetics and Molecular Biology, Federal University of Pará, Belém, Brazil
- Research Center on Oncology, Graduate Program of Oncology and Medical Science, Federal University of Pará, Belém, Brazil
| | - Fabiano Moreira
- Laboratory of Human and Medical Genetics, Institute of Biological Sciences, Graduate Program of Genetics and Molecular Biology, Federal University of Pará, Belém, Brazil
- Research Center on Oncology, Graduate Program of Oncology and Medical Science, Federal University of Pará, Belém, Brazil
| | - Tatiana Vinasco-Sandoval
- Research Center on Oncology, Graduate Program of Oncology and Medical Science, Federal University of Pará, Belém, Brazil
| | - Adenard Cunha
- Research Center on Oncology, Graduate Program of Oncology and Medical Science, Federal University of Pará, Belém, Brazil
| | - Amanda Vidal
- Research Center on Oncology, Graduate Program of Oncology and Medical Science, Federal University of Pará, Belém, Brazil
| | - André M. Ribeiro-dos-Santos
- Laboratory of Human and Medical Genetics, Institute of Biological Sciences, Graduate Program of Genetics and Molecular Biology, Federal University of Pará, Belém, Brazil
| | - Pablo Pinto
- Laboratory of Human and Medical Genetics, Institute of Biological Sciences, Graduate Program of Genetics and Molecular Biology, Federal University of Pará, Belém, Brazil
| | - Leandro Magalhães
- Laboratory of Human and Medical Genetics, Institute of Biological Sciences, Graduate Program of Genetics and Molecular Biology, Federal University of Pará, Belém, Brazil
| | - Mônica Assumpção
- Research Center on Oncology, Graduate Program of Oncology and Medical Science, Federal University of Pará, Belém, Brazil
| | - Samia Demachki
- Research Center on Oncology, Graduate Program of Oncology and Medical Science, Federal University of Pará, Belém, Brazil
| | - Sidney Santos
- Laboratory of Human and Medical Genetics, Institute of Biological Sciences, Graduate Program of Genetics and Molecular Biology, Federal University of Pará, Belém, Brazil
- Research Center on Oncology, Graduate Program of Oncology and Medical Science, Federal University of Pará, Belém, Brazil
| | - Paulo Assumpção
- Research Center on Oncology, Graduate Program of Oncology and Medical Science, Federal University of Pará, Belém, Brazil
| | - Ândrea Ribeiro-dos-Santos
- Laboratory of Human and Medical Genetics, Institute of Biological Sciences, Graduate Program of Genetics and Molecular Biology, Federal University of Pará, Belém, Brazil
- Research Center on Oncology, Graduate Program of Oncology and Medical Science, Federal University of Pará, Belém, Brazil
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10
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Guo Z, Sui L, Qi J, Sun Q, Xu Y, Zou N, Xie Y, Kong Y. miR-196b inhibits cell migration and invasion through targeting MAP3K1 in hydatidiform mole. Biomed Pharmacother 2019; 113:108760. [PMID: 30889489 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2019.108760] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2018] [Revised: 03/01/2019] [Accepted: 03/05/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are a class of small non-coding RNAs that are closely associated with carcinogenesis. Accumulating data indicate that miR-196b participates in the development of various types of cancers. However, the role of miR-196b in the formation of hydatidiform mole (HM) is still unclear. Our previous studies have demonstrated that miR-196b levels were decreased in JAR and BeWo cells and in HM tissue samples, as demonstrated by RT-PCR analysis. Furthermore, we discovered that overexpression of miR-196b in JAR and BeWo cells inhibited cellular proliferation, migration and invasion, as shown by Cell counting kit-8 (CCK-8) and transwell assays, respectively. Subsequently, we explored the interaction of miR-196b with its target gene in human choriocarcinoma cell lines. MAP3K1 is a target gene predicted by bioinformatic analysis that was previously shown to exhibit reduced expression levels following treatment with miR-196b in JAR and BeWo cells. We demonstrated that MAP3K1 was a direct target of miR-196b using the dual-luciferase reporter assay in Hela cells. In summary, the present study demonstrated that miR-196b suppressed proliferation, migration and invasion of human choriocarcinoma cells by inhibiting its transcriptional target MAP3K1. miR-196b and MAP3K1 may be considered potential targets for the clinical treatment of HM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhenzhen Guo
- Core Lab Glycobiol & Glycoengn, College of Basic Medical Sciences, Dalian Medical University, Dalian 116044, Liaoning, China.
| | - Linlin Sui
- Core Lab Glycobiol & Glycoengn, College of Basic Medical Sciences, Dalian Medical University, Dalian 116044, Liaoning, China.
| | - Jia Qi
- Core Lab Glycobiol & Glycoengn, College of Basic Medical Sciences, Dalian Medical University, Dalian 116044, Liaoning, China.
| | - Qiannan Sun
- Core Lab Glycobiol & Glycoengn, College of Basic Medical Sciences, Dalian Medical University, Dalian 116044, Liaoning, China.
| | - Yuefei Xu
- Core Lab Glycobiol & Glycoengn, College of Basic Medical Sciences, Dalian Medical University, Dalian 116044, Liaoning, China.
| | - Na Zou
- Department of Pathology, Dalian Municipal Women and Children's Medical Center, Dalian 116044, Liaoning, China.
| | - Yunpeng Xie
- Dalian Med Univ, First Affiliated Hosp, Inst Cardiovasc Dis, Dept Cardiol, Dalian 116044116021, Liaoning, China.
| | - Ying Kong
- Core Lab Glycobiol & Glycoengn, College of Basic Medical Sciences, Dalian Medical University, Dalian 116044, Liaoning, China.
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11
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Zhu J, Tian Z, Li Y, Hua X, Zhang D, Li J, Jin H, Xu J, Chen W, Niu B, Wu X, Comincini S, Huang H, Huang C. ATG7 Promotes Bladder Cancer Invasion via Autophagy-Mediated Increased ARHGDIB mRNA Stability. ADVANCED SCIENCE (WEINHEIM, BADEN-WURTTEMBERG, GERMANY) 2019; 6:1801927. [PMID: 31016112 PMCID: PMC6468970 DOI: 10.1002/advs.201801927] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/29/2018] [Revised: 01/05/2019] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Since invasive bladder cancer (BC) can progress to life threatening metastases, understanding the molecular mechanisms underlying BC invasion is crucial for potentially decreasing the mortality of this disease. Herein, it is discovered that autophagy-related gene 7 (ATG7) is remarkably overexpressed in human invasive BC tissues. The knockdown of ATG7 in human BC cells dramatically inhibits cancer cell invasion, revealing that ATG7 is a key player in regulating BC invasion. Mechanistic studies indicate that MIR190A is responsible for ATG7 mRNA stability and protein overexpression by directly binding to ATG7 mRNA 3'-UTR. Furthermore, ATG7-mediated autophagy promotes HNRNPD (ARE/poly(U)-binding/degradation factor 1) protein degradation, and in turn reduces HNRNPD interaction with ARHGDIB mRNA, resulting in the elevation of ARHGDIB mRNA stability, and subsequently leading to BC cell invasion. The identification of the MIR190A/ATG7 autophagic mechanism regulation of HNRNPD/ARHGDIB expression provides an important insight into understanding the nature of BC invasion and suggests that autophagy may represent a potential therapeutic strategy for the treatment of human BC patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Junlan Zhu
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory for Technology and Application of Model OrganismsKey Laboratory of Laboratory MedicineMinistry of EducationSchool of Laboratory Medicine and Life SciencesWenzhou Medical UniversityWenzhouZhejiang325035China
| | - Zhongxian Tian
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory for Technology and Application of Model OrganismsKey Laboratory of Laboratory MedicineMinistry of EducationSchool of Laboratory Medicine and Life SciencesWenzhou Medical UniversityWenzhouZhejiang325035China
| | - Yang Li
- Department of Environmental MedicineNew York University School of MedicineNew YorkNY10010USA
| | - Xiaohui Hua
- Department of Environmental MedicineNew York University School of MedicineNew YorkNY10010USA
| | - Dongyun Zhang
- Department of Environmental MedicineNew York University School of MedicineNew YorkNY10010USA
| | - Jingxia Li
- Department of Environmental MedicineNew York University School of MedicineNew YorkNY10010USA
| | - Honglei Jin
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory for Technology and Application of Model OrganismsKey Laboratory of Laboratory MedicineMinistry of EducationSchool of Laboratory Medicine and Life SciencesWenzhou Medical UniversityWenzhouZhejiang325035China
| | - Jiheng Xu
- Department of Environmental MedicineNew York University School of MedicineNew YorkNY10010USA
| | - Wei Chen
- Department of High‐Performance Computing Technology and Application DevelopmentComputer Network Information CenterChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing100190China
| | - Beifang Niu
- Department of High‐Performance Computing Technology and Application DevelopmentComputer Network Information CenterChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing100190China
| | - Xue‐Ru Wu
- Departments of Urology and PathologyNew York University School of MedicineNew YorkNY10016USA
- VA Medical Center in ManhattanNew YorkNY10010USA
| | - Sergio Comincini
- Department of Biology and BiotechnologyUniversity of Pavia27100PaviaItaly
| | - Haishan Huang
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory for Technology and Application of Model OrganismsKey Laboratory of Laboratory MedicineMinistry of EducationSchool of Laboratory Medicine and Life SciencesWenzhou Medical UniversityWenzhouZhejiang325035China
| | - Chuanshu Huang
- Department of Environmental MedicineNew York University School of MedicineNew YorkNY10010USA
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12
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Zhu J, Xu C, Ruan L, Wu J, Li Y, Zhang X. MicroRNA-146b Overexpression Promotes Human Bladder Cancer Invasion via Enhancing ETS2-Mediated mmp2 mRNA Transcription. MOLECULAR THERAPY. NUCLEIC ACIDS 2019; 16:531-542. [PMID: 31071529 PMCID: PMC6506625 DOI: 10.1016/j.omtn.2019.04.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2018] [Revised: 03/20/2019] [Accepted: 04/07/2019] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
Abstract
Although microRNAs have been validated to play prominent roles in the occurrence and development of human bladder cancer (BC), alterations and function of many microRNAs (miRNAs) in bladder cancer invasion are not fully explored yet. miR-146b was reported to be a tumor suppressor or oncomiRNA in various types of cancer. However, its accurate expression, function, and mechanism in bladder cancer remain unclear. Here we discovered that miR-146b was frequently upregulated in bladder cancer tissues compared with adjacent non-cancerous tissues. Inhibition of miR-146b resulted in a significant inhibitory effect on the invasion of bladder cancer cells by reducing mmp2 mRNA transcription and protein expression. We further demonstrated that knockdown of miR-146b attenuated ETS2 expression, which was the transcription factor of matrix metalloproteinase (MMP)2. Moreover, mechanistic studies revealed that miR-146b inhibition stabilized ARE/poly(U)-binding/degradation factor 1 (auf1) mRNA by directly binding to its mRNA 3′ UTR, further reduced ets2 mRNA stability, and finally inhibited mmp2 transcription and attenuated bladder cancer invasion abilities. The identification of the miR-146b/AUF1/ETS2/MMP2 mechanism for promoting bladder cancer invasion provides significant insights into understanding the nature of bladder cancer metastasis. Targeting the pathway described here may be a novel approach for inhibiting invasion and metastasis of bladder cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Junlan Zhu
- The Precision Medicine Laboratory, Beilun People's Hospital, Ningbo, Zhejiang, China.
| | - Chunxia Xu
- The Precision Medicine Laboratory, Beilun People's Hospital, Ningbo, Zhejiang, China
| | - Liming Ruan
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital, College of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Jianping Wu
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital, College of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Yang Li
- Department of Experimental Medical Science, HwaMei Hospital, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Key Laboratory of Diagnosis and Treatment of Digestive System Tumors of Zhejiang Province, Ningbo, Zhejiang, China.
| | - Xingguo Zhang
- The Precision Medicine Laboratory, Beilun People's Hospital, Ningbo, Zhejiang, China.
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13
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Chen YF, Liu CJ, Lin LH, Chou CH, Yeh LY, Lin SC, Chang KW. Establishing of mouse oral carcinoma cell lines derived from transgenic mice and their use as syngeneic tumorigenesis models. BMC Cancer 2019; 19:281. [PMID: 30922255 PMCID: PMC6440159 DOI: 10.1186/s12885-019-5486-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/23/2019] [Accepted: 03/18/2019] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Background The survival of OSCC patient needs to be further improved. miR-211 is oncogenic in OSCC and its upregulation is associated with tumor progression and poor patient survival. K14-EGFP-miR-211 transgenic mice also exhibit augmented potential for OSCC induction. Methods Four murine OSCC cell lines, designated MOC-L1 to MOC-L4, are established from tongue tumors induced by 4-nitroquinoline 1-oxide using the K14-EGFP-miR-211 transgenic mouse model. The genetic disruption, in vitro oncogenicity, and the eligibilities of tumorigenesis and metastasis of the cell lines are analyzed. Results All cell lines show green fluorescence and express a range of epithelial markers. The MOC-L1, MOC-L2 and MOC-L3 cells carry missense mutations in the DNA binding domain of the p53 gene. MOC-L1 exhibits a high level of epithelial-mesenchymal transition and has the aggressive characteristics associated with this. MOC-L1 and MOC-L2 are clonogenic in vitro as well as being tumorigenic when implanted into the dermis or tongue of syngeneic recipients. Nonetheless, only MOC-L1 exhibits immense potential for local regional and distal metastasis. Since the expression of miR-196b in MOC-L1 xenografts is drastically decreased on cisplatin treatment, it would seem that targeting of miR-196b might facilitate tumor abrogation. Conclusions As cell lines established in this study originated from the C57BL/6 mouse, the strain most suitable for transgenic engineering, exploring the interplay of these OSCC cells with other genetically modified cells in immune-competent mice would provide important insights into OSCC pathogenesis. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (10.1186/s12885-019-5486-7) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yi-Fen Chen
- Institute of Oral Biology, School of Dentistry, National Yang-Ming University, No. 155, Li-Nong St., Section 2, Beitou District, Taipei, 112, Taiwan
| | - Chung-Ji Liu
- Institute of Oral Biology, School of Dentistry, National Yang-Ming University, No. 155, Li-Nong St., Section 2, Beitou District, Taipei, 112, Taiwan.,Department of Dentistry, MacKay Memorial Hospital, No. 45, Minsheng Rd., Tamsui District, New Taipei City, 251, Taiwan
| | - Li-Han Lin
- Department of Dentistry, MacKay Memorial Hospital, No. 45, Minsheng Rd., Tamsui District, New Taipei City, 251, Taiwan
| | - Chung-Hsien Chou
- Institute of Oral Biology, School of Dentistry, National Yang-Ming University, No. 155, Li-Nong St., Section 2, Beitou District, Taipei, 112, Taiwan
| | - Li-Yin Yeh
- Institute of Oral Biology, School of Dentistry, National Yang-Ming University, No. 155, Li-Nong St., Section 2, Beitou District, Taipei, 112, Taiwan
| | - Shu-Chun Lin
- Institute of Oral Biology, School of Dentistry, National Yang-Ming University, No. 155, Li-Nong St., Section 2, Beitou District, Taipei, 112, Taiwan. .,Department of Dentistry, School of Dentistry, National Yang-Ming University, No. 155, Li-Nong St., Section 2, Beitou District, Taipei, 112, Taiwan. .,Department of Stomatology, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, No.201, Sec. 2, Shipai Rd., Beitou District, Taipei, 112, Taiwan.
| | - Kuo-Wei Chang
- Institute of Oral Biology, School of Dentistry, National Yang-Ming University, No. 155, Li-Nong St., Section 2, Beitou District, Taipei, 112, Taiwan. .,Department of Dentistry, School of Dentistry, National Yang-Ming University, No. 155, Li-Nong St., Section 2, Beitou District, Taipei, 112, Taiwan. .,Department of Stomatology, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, No.201, Sec. 2, Shipai Rd., Beitou District, Taipei, 112, Taiwan.
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14
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Noruzi S, Azizian M, Mohammadi R, Hosseini SA, Rashidi B, Mohamadi Y, Nesaei A, Seiri P, Sahebkar A, Salarinia R, Aghdam AM, Mirzaei H. Micro-RNAs as critical regulators of matrix metalloproteinases in cancer. J Cell Biochem 2018; 119:8694-8712. [PMID: 30132957 DOI: 10.1002/jcb.27182] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2018] [Accepted: 05/24/2018] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
Metastasis is known to be one of the important factors associated with cancer-related deaths worldwide. Several cellular and molecular targets are involved in the metastasis process. Among these targets, matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs) play central roles in promoting cancer metastasis. MMPs could contribute toward tumor growth, angiogenesis, migration, and invasion via degradation of the extracellular matrix and activation of pre-pro-growth factors. Therefore, identification of various cellular and molecular pathways that affect MMPs could contribute toward a better understanding of the metastatic pathways involved in various tumors. Micro-RNAs are important targets that could affect MMPs. Multiple lines of evidence have indicated that deregulation of various micro-RNAs, including miR-9, Let-7, miR-10b, and miR-15b, affects metastasis of tumor cells via targeting MMPs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Somaye Noruzi
- Department of Medical Biotechnology and Molecular Sciences, School of Medicine, North Khorasan University of Medical Sciences, Bojnourd, Iran
| | - Mitra Azizian
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Ftabaculty of Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Science, Tehran, Iran
| | - Rezvan Mohammadi
- Department of Medical Biotechnology and Molecular Sciences, School of Medicine, North Khorasan University of Medical Sciences, Bojnourd, Iran
| | - Seyede Atefe Hosseini
- Department of Medical Biotechnology and Molecular Sciences, School of Medicine, North Khorasan University of Medical Sciences, Bojnourd, Iran
| | - Bahman Rashidi
- Department of Anatomical Sciences, School of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Yousef Mohamadi
- Department of Anatomy, Faculty of Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.,Department of Anatomy, Faculty of medicine, Qom University of Medical Sciences, Qom, Iran
| | - Abolfazl Nesaei
- Department of Basic Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Gonabad University of Medical Sciences, Gonabad, Iran
| | - Parvaneh Seiri
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Amirhossein Sahebkar
- School of Pharmacy, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran.,Biotechnology Research Center, Institute of Pharmaceutical Technology, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Reza Salarinia
- Department of Medical Biotechnology and Molecular Sciences, School of Medicine, North Khorasan University of Medical Sciences, Bojnourd, Iran
| | - Arad Mobasher Aghdam
- School of Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Hamed Mirzaei
- Department of Biomaterials, Tissue Engineering and Nanotechnology, School of Advanced Technologies in Medicine, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
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15
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Botti G, De Chiara A, Di Bonito M, Cerrone M, Malzone MG, Collina F, Cantile M. Noncoding RNAs within the
HOX
gene network in tumor pathogenesis and progression. J Cell Physiol 2018; 234:395-413. [DOI: 10.1002/jcp.27036] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/21/2018] [Accepted: 06/25/2018] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Gerardo Botti
- Department of Support for Oncological Pathways Diagnostic Area, Pathology Unit, Istituto Nazionale Tumori Fondazione “G. Pascale” Napoli Italy
| | - Anna De Chiara
- Department of Support for Oncological Pathways Diagnostic Area, Pathology Unit, Istituto Nazionale Tumori Fondazione “G. Pascale” Napoli Italy
| | - Maurizio Di Bonito
- Department of Support for Oncological Pathways Diagnostic Area, Pathology Unit, Istituto Nazionale Tumori Fondazione “G. Pascale” Napoli Italy
| | - Margherita Cerrone
- Department of Support for Oncological Pathways Diagnostic Area, Pathology Unit, Istituto Nazionale Tumori Fondazione “G. Pascale” Napoli Italy
| | - Maria Gabriella Malzone
- Department of Support for Oncological Pathways Diagnostic Area, Pathology Unit, Istituto Nazionale Tumori Fondazione “G. Pascale” Napoli Italy
| | - Francesca Collina
- Department of Support for Oncological Pathways Diagnostic Area, Pathology Unit, Istituto Nazionale Tumori Fondazione “G. Pascale” Napoli Italy
| | - Monica Cantile
- Department of Support for Oncological Pathways Diagnostic Area, Pathology Unit, Istituto Nazionale Tumori Fondazione “G. Pascale” Napoli Italy
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16
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High ETS2 expression predicts poor prognosis in acute myeloid leukemia patients undergoing allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation. Ann Hematol 2018; 98:519-525. [PMID: 30022221 DOI: 10.1007/s00277-018-3440-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/05/2018] [Accepted: 07/10/2018] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
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17
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Zhang GW, Tian X, Li Y, Wang ZQ, Li XD, Zhu CY. Down-regulation of ETS2 inhibits the invasion and metastasis of renal cell carcinoma cells by inducing EMT via the PI3K/Akt signaling pathway. Biomed Pharmacother 2018; 104:119-126. [PMID: 29772431 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2018.05.029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/22/2018] [Revised: 05/02/2018] [Accepted: 05/08/2018] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
V-ets erythroblastosis virus E26 oncogene homolog 2 (ETS2), belonging to the ETS family of transcription factors, is implicated in a broad range of cellular functions. Recently, ETS2 has been found playing an important role in the progression of some types of cancers. However, it remains unclear whether ETS2 has any effects on renal cell carcinoma (RCC). In this study, we investigated the biological functions of ETS2 in RCC. The results showed that ETS2 was highly expressed in RCC tissues and cell lines and its expression had an association with clinicopathological characteristics of RCC patients. In addition, down-regulation of ETS2 significantly inhibited RCC cell invasion in vitro and metastasis in vivo as well as suppressed the epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) process. We also found that ETS2 down-regulation significantly reduced the levels of PI3K and Akt phosphorylation in RCC cells. Taken together, we suggest that ETS2 is of potential value as a molecular target for RCC treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guang-Wei Zhang
- Department of Urology, Huaihe Hospital of Henan University, Kaifeng, 475000, Henan Province, China
| | - Xin Tian
- Department of Urology, Huaihe Hospital of Henan University, Kaifeng, 475000, Henan Province, China
| | - Yang Li
- Department of Urology, Huaihe Hospital of Henan University, Kaifeng, 475000, Henan Province, China
| | - Zhi-Qiang Wang
- Department of Urology, Huaihe Hospital of Henan University, Kaifeng, 475000, Henan Province, China
| | - Xiao-Dong Li
- Department of Urology, Huaihe Hospital of Henan University, Kaifeng, 475000, Henan Province, China
| | - Chao-Yang Zhu
- Department of Urology, Huaihe Hospital of Henan University, Kaifeng, 475000, Henan Province, China.
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18
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19
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Liu J, Liu F, Shi Y, Tan H, Zhou L. Identification of key miRNAs and genes associated with stomach adenocarcinoma from The Cancer Genome Atlas database. FEBS Open Bio 2018; 8:279-294. [PMID: 29435418 PMCID: PMC5794471 DOI: 10.1002/2211-5463.12365] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/17/2017] [Revised: 11/13/2017] [Accepted: 12/06/2017] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Stomach adenocarcinoma (STAD) is the second leading cause of cancer death and a fuller understanding of its molecular basis is needed to develop new therapeutic targets. miRNA and mRNA data were downloaded from The Cancer Genome Atlas database, and the differentially expressed miRNAs and genes were identified. The target genes of differentially expressed miRNAs were screened by prediction tools. Furthermore, the biological function of these target genes was investigated. Several key miRNAs and their target genes were selected for validation using quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR). The Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) dataset was used to verify the expression of selected miRNAs and target genes. The diagnostic value of identified miRNAs and genes was accessed by receiver operating characteristic analysis. A total of 1248 differentially expressed genes were identified in STAD. Additionally, nine differentially expressed miRNAs were identified and 160 target genes of these nine miRNAs were identified via target gene detection. Interestingly, they were remarkably enriched in the calcium signaling pathway and bile secretion. qRT-PCR confirmed the expression of several key miRNAs and their target genes. The expression levels of hsa-miR-145-3p, hsa-miR-145-5p, ADAM12,ACAN,HOXC11 and MMP11 in the GEO database were compatible with the bioinformatics results. hsa-miR-139-5p, hsa-miR-145-3p and MMP11 have a potential diagnostic value for STAD. Differential expression of the mature form of miRNAs (hsa-miR-139-5p, hsa-miR-145-3p, hsa-miR-145-5p and hsa-miR-490-3p) and genes including ADAM12,ACAN,HOXC11 and MMP11 and calcium and bile secretion signaling pathways may play important roles in the development of STAD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jixi Liu
- Department of GastroenterologyChina‐Japan Friendship HospitalBeijingChina
| | - Fang Liu
- Department of GastroenterologyChina‐Japan Friendship HospitalBeijingChina
| | - Yanfen Shi
- Department of PathologyChina‐Japan Friendship HospitalBeijingChina
| | - Huangying Tan
- Department of Integrative OncologyChina‐Japan Friendship HospitalBeijingChina
| | - Lei Zhou
- Department of General SurgeryChina‐Japan Friendship HospitalBeijingChina
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20
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Yang J, Joshi S, Wang Q, Li P, Wang H, Xiong Y, Xiao Y, Wang J, Parker-Thornburg J, Behringer RR, Yu D. 14-3-3ζ loss leads to neonatal lethality by microRNA-126 downregulation-mediated developmental defects in lung vasculature. Cell Biosci 2017; 7:58. [PMID: 29118970 PMCID: PMC5667492 DOI: 10.1186/s13578-017-0186-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2017] [Accepted: 10/23/2017] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Background The 14-3-3 family of proteins have been reported to play an important role in development in various mouse models, but the context specific developmental functions of 14-3-3ζ remain to be determined. In this study, we identified a context specific developmental function of 14-3-3ζ. Results Targeted deletion of 14-3-3ζ in the C57Bl/6J murine genetic background led to neonatal lethality due to respiratory distress and could be rescued by out-breeding to the CD-1 or backcrossing to the FVB/NJ congenic background. Histological analysis of lung sections from 18.5 days post coitum embryos (dpc) showed that 14-3-3ζ−/− lung development is arrested at the pseudoglandular stage and exhibits vascular defects. The expression of miR-126, an endothelial-specific miRNA known to regulate lung vascular integrity was down-regulated in the lungs of the 14-3-3ζ−/− embryos in the C57Bl/6J background as compared to their wild-type counterparts. Loss of 14-3-3ζ in endothelial cells inhibited the angiogenic capability of the endothelial cells as determined by both trans-well migration assays and tube formation assays and these defects could be rescued by re-expressing miR-126. Mechanistically, loss of 14-3-3ζ led to reduced Erk1/2 phosphorylation resulting in attenuated binding of the transcription factor Ets2 on the miR-126 promoter which ultimately reduced expression of miR-126. Conclusion Our data demonstrates that miR-126 is an important angiogenesis regulator that functions downstream of 14-3-3ζ and downregulation of miR-126 plays a critical role in 14-3-3ζ-loss induced defects in lung vasculature in the C57Bl/6J genetic background. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (10.1186/s13578-017-0186-y) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jun Yang
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Oncology, Unit 108, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, 1515 Holcombe Boulevard, Houston, TX 77030 USA.,University of Texas Health Science Center Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Cancer Biology Program, Houston, TX 77030 USA
| | - Sonali Joshi
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Oncology, Unit 108, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, 1515 Holcombe Boulevard, Houston, TX 77030 USA
| | - Qingfei Wang
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Oncology, Unit 108, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, 1515 Holcombe Boulevard, Houston, TX 77030 USA
| | - Ping Li
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Oncology, Unit 108, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, 1515 Holcombe Boulevard, Houston, TX 77030 USA
| | - Hai Wang
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Oncology, Unit 108, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, 1515 Holcombe Boulevard, Houston, TX 77030 USA
| | - Yan Xiong
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Oncology, Unit 108, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, 1515 Holcombe Boulevard, Houston, TX 77030 USA
| | - Yi Xiao
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Oncology, Unit 108, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, 1515 Holcombe Boulevard, Houston, TX 77030 USA
| | - Jinyang Wang
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Oncology, Unit 108, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, 1515 Holcombe Boulevard, Houston, TX 77030 USA
| | - Jan Parker-Thornburg
- Department of Genetics, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77030 USA
| | - Richard R Behringer
- Department of Genetics, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77030 USA.,University of Texas Health Science Center Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Cancer Biology Program, Houston, TX 77030 USA
| | - Dihua Yu
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Oncology, Unit 108, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, 1515 Holcombe Boulevard, Houston, TX 77030 USA.,University of Texas Health Science Center Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Cancer Biology Program, Houston, TX 77030 USA.,Center for Molecular Medicine, China Medical University, Taichung, 40402 Taiwan
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21
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Zhu J, Li Y, Tian Z, Hua X, Gu J, Li J, Liu C, Jin H, Wang Y, Jiang G, Huang H, Huang C. ATG7 Overexpression Is Crucial for Tumorigenic Growth of Bladder Cancer In Vitro and In Vivo by Targeting the ETS2/miRNA196b/FOXO1/p27 Axis. MOLECULAR THERAPY. NUCLEIC ACIDS 2017; 7:299-313. [PMID: 28624205 PMCID: PMC5415961 DOI: 10.1016/j.omtn.2017.04.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/17/2017] [Revised: 04/07/2017] [Accepted: 04/11/2017] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Human bladder cancer (BC) is the fourth most common cancer in the United States. Investigation of the strategies aiming to elucidate the tumor growth and metastatic pathways in BC is critical for the management of this disease. Here we found that ATG7 expression was remarkably elevated in human bladder urothelial carcinoma and N-butyl-N-(4-hydroxybutyl)nitrosamine (BBN)-induced mouse invasive BC. Knockdown of ATG7 resulted in a significant inhibitory effect on tumorigenic growth of human BC cells both in vitro and in vivo by promoting p27 expression and inducing cell cycle arrest at G2/M phase. We further demonstrated that knockdown of ATG7 upregulated FOXO1 (forkhead box protein O 1) expression, which specifically promoted p27 transcription. Moreover, mechanistic studies revealed that inhibition of ATG7 stabilized ETS2 mRNA and, in turn, reduced miR-196b transcription and expression of miR-196b, which was able to bind to the 3' UTR of FOXO1 mRNA, consequently stabilizing FOXO1 mRNA and finally promoting p27 transcription and attenuating BC tumorigenic growth. The identification of the ATG7/FOXO1/p27 mechanism for promoting BC cell growth provides significant insights into understanding the nature of BC tumorigenesis. Together with our most recent discovery of the crucial role of ATG7 in promoting BC invasion, it raises the potential for developing an ATG7-based specific therapeutic strategy for treatment of human BC patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Junlan Zhu
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory for Technology and Application of Model Organisms, School of Life Sciences, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang 325035, China; Nelson Institute of Environmental Medicine, New York University School of Medicine, Tuxedo, NY 10987, USA
| | - Yang Li
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory for Technology and Application of Model Organisms, School of Life Sciences, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang 325035, China; Nelson Institute of Environmental Medicine, New York University School of Medicine, Tuxedo, NY 10987, USA
| | - Zhongxian Tian
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory for Technology and Application of Model Organisms, School of Life Sciences, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang 325035, China
| | - Xiaohui Hua
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory for Technology and Application of Model Organisms, School of Life Sciences, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang 325035, China
| | - Jiayan Gu
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory for Technology and Application of Model Organisms, School of Life Sciences, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang 325035, China
| | - Jingxia Li
- Nelson Institute of Environmental Medicine, New York University School of Medicine, Tuxedo, NY 10987, USA
| | - Claire Liu
- Nelson Institute of Environmental Medicine, New York University School of Medicine, Tuxedo, NY 10987, USA
| | - Honglei Jin
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory for Technology and Application of Model Organisms, School of Life Sciences, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang 325035, China
| | - Yulei Wang
- Nelson Institute of Environmental Medicine, New York University School of Medicine, Tuxedo, NY 10987, USA
| | - Guosong Jiang
- Nelson Institute of Environmental Medicine, New York University School of Medicine, Tuxedo, NY 10987, USA
| | - Haishan Huang
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory for Technology and Application of Model Organisms, School of Life Sciences, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang 325035, China
| | - Chuanshu Huang
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory for Technology and Application of Model Organisms, School of Life Sciences, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang 325035, China; Nelson Institute of Environmental Medicine, New York University School of Medicine, Tuxedo, NY 10987, USA.
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22
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Chong GO, Jeon HS, Han HS, Son JW, Lee YH, Hong DG, Park HJ, Lee YS, Cho YL. Overexpression of microRNA-196b Accelerates Invasiveness of Cancer Cells in Recurrent Epithelial Ovarian Cancer Through Regulation of Homeobox A9. Cancer Genomics Proteomics 2017; 14:137-141. [PMID: 28387653 DOI: 10.21873/cgp.20026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2017] [Revised: 02/23/2017] [Accepted: 02/24/2017] [Indexed: 01/05/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND/AIM Although microRNAs (miRNAs) are known to influence messenger RNA post-transcriptional control and contribute to human tumorigenesis, little is known about the differences in miRNA expression between primary and recurrent epithelial ovarian cancer (EOC). The purpose of this study was to assess the differential miRNA expression between primary and recurrent EOC and to investigate whether miR-196b could regulate the expression of the Homeobox A9 (HOXA9) gene, and thus affect the invasiveness of cancer cells in recurrent EOC. MATERIALS AND METHODS Microarrays were used to generate the expression profiles of 6658 miRNAs from samples of 10 patients with EOC. miRNA expression patterns were compared between primary and recurrent EOC. Aberrantly expressed miRNA, associated genes, and invasion activities were validated by a luciferase assay and an in vitro invasion assay. RESULTS miRNA microarray analysis identified 33 overexpressed miRNAs (including miR-196b) and 18 under expressed miRNAs in recurrent EOC from 6658 human miRNAs. HOXA9 expression was inversely correlated with miR-196b levels in recurrent EOC. We noted that miR-196b induced ovarian cancer cell invasiveness in recurrent EOC by an in vitro invasion assay. CONCLUSION Overexpression of miR-196b may contribute to invasion activities in recurrent EOC by regulating the HOXA9 gene. Moreover, miR-196b can be a potential biomarker in recurrent EOC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gun Oh Chong
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, School of Medicine, Kyungpook National University Hospital, Daegu, Republic of Korea
| | | | - Hyung Soo Han
- Department of Physiology, School of Medicine, Kyungpook National University Hospital, Daegu, Republic of Korea
| | - Ji Woong Son
- Department of Internal Medicine, Konyang University Hospital, Daejeon, Republic of Korea
| | - Yoon Hee Lee
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, School of Medicine, Kyungpook National University Hospital, Daegu, Republic of Korea
| | - Dae Gy Hong
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, School of Medicine, Kyungpook National University Hospital, Daegu, Republic of Korea
| | | | - Yoon Soon Lee
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, School of Medicine, Kyungpook National University Hospital, Daegu, Republic of Korea
| | - Young Lae Cho
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, School of Medicine, Kyungpook National University Hospital, Daegu, Republic of Korea
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23
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Lee SW, Park KC, Kim JG, Moon SJ, Kang SB, Lee DS, Sul HJ, Ji JS, Jeong HY. Dysregulation of MicroRNA-196b-5p and MicroRNA-375 in Gastric Cancer. J Gastric Cancer 2016; 16:221-229. [PMID: 28053808 PMCID: PMC5206312 DOI: 10.5230/jgc.2016.16.4.221] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2016] [Revised: 09/09/2016] [Accepted: 09/22/2016] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Purpose Dysregulated microRNAs (miRNAs) can contribute to cancer development by leading to abnormal proliferation of cells, apoptosis, and differentiation. Although several miRNAs that are related to gastric cancer have been identified, the reported results have been inconsistent. The aim of this study was to determine miRNA expression profiles and validate miRNAs up- and down-regulated in gastric cancer. Materials and Methods We evaluated 34 primary gastric cancer tissues and paired adjacent nontumorous gastric tissues. Total RNA was extracted, and low-molecular-weight RNAs (<200 nucleotides) were isolated for further analysis. Two pairs of tissues were processed for GeneChip microarray analysis, and the identified up- and down-regulated miRNAs were validated by real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction (qPCR). Results In the set of differentially expressed miRNAs, 5 were overexpressed by more than 2 fold, and 5 were reduced by 2 fold or less in gastric cancer tissues compared with normal gastric tissues. Four of these miRNAs (miR-196b-5p, miR-375, miR-483-5p, and miR-486-5p) were then validated by qPCR, and the relative expression levels of 2 miRNAs (miR-196b-5p and miR-375) were significantly different between cancer and normal tissues. Conclusions Our results revealed that the expression of miR-196b-5p and miR-375 significantly correlates with gastric cancer. These miRNAs could therefore serve as diagnostic biomarkers of gastric cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Seung Woo Lee
- Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Internal Medicine, Daejeon St. Mary's Hospital, School of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Daejeon, Korea
| | - Ki Cheol Park
- Clinical Research Institute, Daejeon St. Mary's Hospital, School of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Daejeon, Korea
| | - Jeong Goo Kim
- Department of General Surgery, Daejeon St. Mary's Hospital, School of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Daejeon, Korea
| | - Sung Jin Moon
- Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Internal Medicine, Daejeon St. Mary's Hospital, School of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Daejeon, Korea
| | - Sang Bum Kang
- Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Internal Medicine, Daejeon St. Mary's Hospital, School of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Daejeon, Korea
| | - Dong Soo Lee
- Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Internal Medicine, Daejeon St. Mary's Hospital, School of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Daejeon, Korea
| | - Hae Joung Sul
- Department of Pathology, Daejeon St. Mary's Hospital, School of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Daejeon, Korea
| | - Jeong Seon Ji
- Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Internal Medicine, Incheon St. Mary's Hospital, School of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Incheon, Korea
| | - Hyun Yong Jeong
- Department of Internal Medicine, Chungnam National University School of Medicine, Daejeon, Korea
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24
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Shen S, Pan J, Lu X, Chi P. Role of miR-196 and its target gene HoxB8 in the development and proliferation of human colorectal cancer and the impact of neoadjuvant chemotherapy with FOLFOX4 on their expression. Oncol Lett 2016; 12:4041-4047. [PMID: 27895768 DOI: 10.3892/ol.2016.5210] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/10/2015] [Accepted: 03/03/2016] [Indexed: 01/20/2023] Open
Abstract
The present study aimed to investigate the interaction between miR-196 and its target gene homeobox B8 (HoxB8) in colorectal cancer (CRC) cells, and the sensitivity of miR-196 and HoxB8 to fluorouracil, leucovorin and oxaliplatin (FOLFOX4) chemotherapy (1,200 mg/m2 fluorouracil, 200 mg/m2 leucovorin and 85 mg/m2 oxaliplatin). In total, 80 tissue samples were collected in the present study. In total, 50 patients undergoing preoperative chemotherapy completed at least 3 cycles (2 weeks per cycle) of 85 mg/m2 oxaliplatin (day 1) combined with a 2 h injection of 200 mg/m2 leucovorin (days 1 and 2), a bolus injection of 400 mg/m2 and 44 h continuous intravenous infusion of 1,200 mg/m2 fluorouracil. Complete response and partial response were included in the chemotherapy sensitive group (25 patients), and stable disease and progressive disease were included in the chemotherapy resistant group (25 patients). In addition, 30 patients without preoperative chemotherapy were examined for mRNA and protein expression of miR-196 and HoxB8. The expression of the mRNA and protein of miR-196 and HoxB8 was analyzed in 30 CRC and normal mucosa tissue samples. In addition, the expression of the mRNA and protein of miR-196 and HoxB8 was measured in 50 tissue samples obtained from patients that had received FOLFOX4 neoadjuvant chemotherapy. The expression levels of miR-196 and HoxB8 mRNA in CRC tissues were significantly increased compared with the corresponding normal mucosa tissue (P<0.05). The miR-196 mRNA was significantly correlated with lymph node metastasis, tumor stage and distant metastasis (P<0.05). miR-196 was indicated to be negatively correlated with HoxB8 mRNA expression (r=-0.458; P<0.05). The relative amount of miR-196 in the chemotherapy-sensitive group of patients was 0.949±0.691, which was increased compared with the chemotherapy-resistant group (0.345±0.536; P<0.01). The relative level of HoxB8 mRNA in the chemotherapy-sensitive group was 0.490±0.372, which was decreaesd compared with the chemotherapy-resistant group (0.725±0.438; P<0.05). HoxB8 protein expression level in the chemotherapy-sensitive group was decreased compared with the chemotherapy-resistant group (Z=-2.396; P=0.017). Overall, miR-196 was correlated with metastasis and prognosis, and HoxB8 was highly expressed in CRC tissues. The difference in the gene expression of miR-196 and HoxB8 may be associated with the sensitivity to FOLFOX4 for CRC patients. In addition, the highly expressed miR-196 increased the sensitivity of CRC cells to chemotherapy with FOLFOX4 by inhibiting HoxB8.
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Affiliation(s)
- Songfei Shen
- Department of Medical Oncology, Union Hospital, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, Fujian 350001, P.R. China; Fujian Medical University Stem Cell Research Institute, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, Fujian 350001, P.R. China; Fujian Key Laboratory of Translational Cancer Medicine, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, Fujian 350001, P.R. China
| | - Jie Pan
- Department of Colorectal Surgery, Union Hospital, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, Fujian 350001, P.R. China
| | - Xingrong Lu
- Department of Colorectal Surgery, Union Hospital, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, Fujian 350001, P.R. China
| | - Pan Chi
- Department of Colorectal Surgery, Union Hospital, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, Fujian 350001, P.R. China
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25
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Treece AL, Duncan DL, Tang W, Elmore S, Morgan DR, Dominguez RL, Speck O, Meyers MO, Gulley ML. Gastric adenocarcinoma microRNA profiles in fixed tissue and in plasma reveal cancer-associated and Epstein-Barr virus-related expression patterns. J Transl Med 2016; 96:661-71. [PMID: 26950485 PMCID: PMC5767475 DOI: 10.1038/labinvest.2016.33] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/10/2015] [Revised: 12/09/2015] [Accepted: 01/12/2016] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
MicroRNA expression in formalin-fixed paraffin-embedded tissue (FFPE) or plasma may add value for cancer management. The GastroGenus miR Panel was developed to measure 55 cancer-specific human microRNAs, Epstein-Barr virus (EBV)-encoded microRNAs, and controls. This Q-rtPCR panel was applied to 100 FFPEs enriched for adenocarcinoma or adjacent non-malignant mucosa, and to plasma of 31 patients. In FFPE, microRNAs upregulated in malignant versus adjacent benign gastric mucosa were hsa-miR-21, -155, -196a, -196b, -185, and -let-7i. Hsa-miR-18a, 34a, 187, -200a, -423-3p, -484, and -744 were downregulated. Plasma of cancer versus non-cancer controls had upregulated hsa-miR-23a, -103, and -221 and downregulated hsa-miR-378, -346, -486-5p, -200b, -196a, -141, and -484. EBV-infected versus uninfected cancers expressed multiple EBV-encoded microRNAs, and concomitant dysregulation of four human microRNAs suggests that viral infection may alter cellular biochemical pathways. Human microRNAs were dysregulated between malignant and benign gastric mucosa and between plasma of cancer patients and non-cancer controls. Strong association of EBV microRNA expression with known EBV status underscores the ability of microRNA technology to reflect disease biology. Expression of viral microRNAs in concert with unique human microRNAs provides novel insights into viral oncogenesis and reinforces the potential for microRNA profiles to aid in classifying gastric cancer subtypes. Pilot studies of plasma suggest the potential for a noninvasive addition to cancer diagnostics.
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MESH Headings
- Adenocarcinoma/genetics
- Adenocarcinoma/metabolism
- Adenocarcinoma/virology
- Aged
- Aged, 80 and over
- Case-Control Studies
- Epstein-Barr Virus Infections/genetics
- Epstein-Barr Virus Infections/metabolism
- Epstein-Barr Virus Infections/virology
- Female
- Gene Expression Profiling
- Gene Expression Regulation, Neoplastic
- Herpesvirus 4, Human/genetics
- Herpesvirus 4, Human/isolation & purification
- Humans
- Male
- MicroRNAs/blood
- MicroRNAs/genetics
- MicroRNAs/metabolism
- Middle Aged
- Pilot Projects
- RNA, Neoplasm/blood
- RNA, Neoplasm/genetics
- RNA, Neoplasm/metabolism
- RNA, Viral/blood
- RNA, Viral/genetics
- RNA, Viral/metabolism
- Stomach Neoplasms/genetics
- Stomach Neoplasms/metabolism
- Stomach Neoplasms/virology
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Affiliation(s)
- Amanda L Treece
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| | - Daniel L Duncan
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| | - Weihua Tang
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| | - Sandra Elmore
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
- Lineberger Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| | - Douglas R Morgan
- Division of Gastroenterology, Hepatology, and Nutrition; Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN, USA
| | - Ricardo L Dominguez
- Department of Gastroenterology, Western Regional Hospital, Santa Rosa de Copan, Honduras
| | - Olga Speck
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| | - Michael O Meyers
- Lineberger Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
- Division of Surgical Oncology, Department of Surgery, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| | - Margaret L Gulley
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
- Lineberger Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
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26
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Hou YY, You JJ, Yang CM, Pan HW, Chen HC, Lee JH, Lin YS, Liou HH, Liu PF, Chi CC, Ger LP, Tsai KW. Aberrant DNA hypomethylation of miR-196b contributes to migration and invasion of oral cancer. Oncol Lett 2016; 11:4013-4021. [PMID: 27313732 PMCID: PMC4888123 DOI: 10.3892/ol.2016.4491] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/12/2015] [Accepted: 03/22/2016] [Indexed: 01/28/2023] Open
Abstract
MicroRNAs (miRs) are a class of small endogenous non-coding RNAs of ~21-24 nucleotides in length. Previous studies have indicated that miR-196b has either an oncogenic or tumor-suppressive function in various types of cancer. However, the biological role of miR-196b in oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) remains unclear. In the present study, the expression levels of miR-196b were examined in oral cancer tissues and corresponding adjacent normal tissues from 69 OSCC patients using stem-loop reverse transcription-quantitative polymerase chain reaction. The results indicated that miR-196b was significantly overexpressed in OSCC tissues compared with the corresponding adjacent normal tissue samples (64 of 69, 92.7%, P<0.001). Analysis of the methylation status of the miR-196b gene indicated more frequent hypomethylation of the CpG islands located upstream of the miR-196b gene in the OSCC tissues than in the adjacent normal tissues (32 of 69, 46.3%), and the methylation status of miR-196b correlated inversely with its expression levels. Furthermore, the unmethylated status of the miR-196b promoter correlated with poor disease-specific survival in OSCC patients (P=0.035). Functional analysis revealed that ectopic miR-196b expression promoted oral cancer cell migration and invasion abilities, and that silencing of miR-196b could abrogate in vitro migration and invasion of oral cancer cells. Collectively, the present findings indicate that the epigenetic regulation of miR-196b expression plays a crucial role in modulating cell migration and invasion during OSCC progression, and thus may serve as a potential prognosis marker or therapeutic target for OSCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu-Yi Hou
- Department of Otolaryngology, Kaohsiung Veterans General Hospital, Kaohsiung 813, Taiwan, R.O.C.; Department of Nursing, Yuh-Ing Junior College of Health Care and Management, Kaohsiung 807, Taiwan, R.O.C
| | - Jyun-Jie You
- Institute of Biomedical Sciences, National Sun Yat-Sen University, Kaohsiung 80424, Taiwan, R.O.C.; Department of Medical Education and Research, Kaohsiung Veterans General Hospital, Kaohsiung 813, Taiwan, R.O.C
| | - Cheng-Mei Yang
- Department of Stomatology, Kaohsiung Veterans General Hospital, Kaohsiung 813, Taiwan, R.O.C.; Department of Dental Technology, Shu-Zen Junior College of Medicine and Management, Kaohsiung 821, Taiwan, R.O.C
| | - Hung-Wei Pan
- Department of Medical Education and Research, Kaohsiung Veterans General Hospital, Kaohsiung 813, Taiwan, R.O.C
| | - Hung-Chih Chen
- Department of Stomatology, Kaohsiung Veterans General Hospital, Kaohsiung 813, Taiwan, R.O.C.; Department of Dental Technology, Shu-Zen Junior College of Medicine and Management, Kaohsiung 821, Taiwan, R.O.C
| | - Jang-Hwa Lee
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Kaohsiung Veterans General Hospital, Kaohsiung 813, Taiwan, R.O.C
| | - Yaoh-Shiang Lin
- Department of Otolaryngology, Kaohsiung Veterans General Hospital, Kaohsiung 813, Taiwan, R.O.C
| | - Huei-Han Liou
- Department of Medical Education and Research, Kaohsiung Veterans General Hospital, Kaohsiung 813, Taiwan, R.O.C
| | - Pei-Feng Liu
- Department of Medical Education and Research, Kaohsiung Veterans General Hospital, Kaohsiung 813, Taiwan, R.O.C
| | - Chao-Chuan Chi
- Department of Otolaryngology, Kaohsiung Veterans General Hospital, Kaohsiung 813, Taiwan, R.O.C
| | - Luo-Ping Ger
- Institute of Biomedical Sciences, National Sun Yat-Sen University, Kaohsiung 80424, Taiwan, R.O.C.; Department of Medical Education and Research, Kaohsiung Veterans General Hospital, Kaohsiung 813, Taiwan, R.O.C
| | - Kuo-Wang Tsai
- Department of Medical Education and Research, Kaohsiung Veterans General Hospital, Kaohsiung 813, Taiwan, R.O.C
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27
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ETS2 and Twist1 promote invasiveness of Helicobacter pylori-infected gastric cancer cells by inducing Siah2. Biochem J 2016; 473:1629-40. [PMID: 27048589 PMCID: PMC4888467 DOI: 10.1042/bcj20160187] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2015] [Accepted: 04/05/2016] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
H. pylori induce ETS2 and Twist1 expression in the infected GCC. ETS2 and Twist1 transcriptionally activate siah2 in the H. pylori-infected GCCs. H. pylori-mediated Siah2 induction enhances motility and invasiveness of the infected GCCs.
Helicobacter pylori infection is one of the most potent factors leading to gastric carcinogenesis. The seven in absentia homologue (Siah2) is an E3 ubiquitin ligase which has been implicated in various cancers but its role in H. pylori-mediated gastric carcinogenesis has not been established. We investigated the involvement of Siah2 in gastric cancer metastasis which was assessed by invasiveness and migration of H. pylori-infected gastric epithelial cancer cells. Cultured gastric cancer cells (GCCs) MKN45, AGS and Kato III showed significantly induced expression of Siah2, increased invasiveness and migration after being challenged with the pathogen. Siah2-expressing stable cells showed increased invasiveness and migration after H. pylori infection. Siah2 was transcriptionally activated by E26 transformation-specific sequence 2 (ETS2)- and Twist-related protein 1 (Twist1) induced in H. pylori-infected gastric epithelial cells. These transcription factors dose-dependently enhanced the aggressiveness of infected GCCs. Our data suggested that H. pylori-infected GCCs gained cell motility and invasiveness through Siah2 induction. As gastric cancer biopsy samples also showed highly induced expression of ETS2, Twist1 and Siah2 compared with noncancerous gastric tissue, we surmise that ETS2- and Twist1-mediated Siah2 up-regulation has potential diagnostic and prognostic significance and could be targeted for therapeutic purpose.
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28
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Lu YC, Chang JT, Chan EC, Chao YK, Yeh TS, Chen JS, Cheng AJ. miR-196, an Emerging Cancer Biomarker for Digestive Tract Cancers. J Cancer 2016; 7:650-5. [PMID: 27076845 PMCID: PMC4829550 DOI: 10.7150/jca.13460] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/05/2015] [Accepted: 02/11/2016] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Over the past decade, the emergence of microRNA (miRNA) research has firmly established this molecular family as a key component in cells. MiRNAs, which function as negative gene regulators, participate in multiple biological processes and maintain homeostasis in cells. The dysregulation of miRNA may contribute to numerous human disorders, including cancer. Recently, miR-196 was found to be aberrantly expressed in a wide range of malignant diseases, which suggests that it plays important roles in carcinogenesis. Here, we summarize the current knowledge concerning miR-196 family in cancers. This review includes miR-196 gene structure and aberrant expression in various cancers, and current understanding of numerous functions and regulatory targets of miR-196 in specific cancers. Since miR-196 are consistently found over-expressed in digestive tract cancer tissues, we also reviewed the clinical significance and potential applications of miR-196 in these cancers. We highlight that miR-196 may serve as an emerging cancer biomarker for digestive tract cancers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ya-Ching Lu
- 1. Department of Medical Biotechnology and Laboratory science, College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan 333, Taiwan
| | - Joseph T Chang
- 2. Department of Radiation Oncology, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Taoyuan 333, Taiwan
| | - Err-Cheng Chan
- 1. Department of Medical Biotechnology and Laboratory science, College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan 333, Taiwan
| | - Yin-Kai Chao
- 3. Department of Thoracic Surgery, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Taoyuan 333, Taiwan
| | - Ta-Sen Yeh
- 4. Department of General Surgery, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Taoyuan 333, Taiwan
| | - Jinn-Shiun Chen
- 5. Department of Colorectal Surgery, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Taoyuan 333, Taiwan
| | - Ann-Joy Cheng
- 1. Department of Medical Biotechnology and Laboratory science, College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan 333, Taiwan
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29
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Liu GH, Liu YH, Yang Z, Zhu AL, Zhao CL. MicroRNA-524-5p suppresses the growth and invasive abilities of gastric cancer cells. Oncol Lett 2016; 11:1926-1932. [PMID: 26998102 DOI: 10.3892/ol.2016.4143] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/26/2014] [Accepted: 11/30/2015] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Previous studies have demonstrated that microRNAs (miRNAs) are associated with tumor development and progression. miRNA-524-5p (miR-524-5p) has been reported to be involved in the development and progression of several types of cancer, but its role in gastric cancer has not been fully elucidated to date. Therefore, the aim of the present study was to investigate the expression levels and function of miR-524-5p in human gastric cancer. The expression levels of miR-524-5p were assessed in gastric cancer specimens and cell lines, including MKN-45, SGC-7901 and MGC-803 cell lines and gastric epithelial mucosa GES-1 cells, using reverse transcription-quantitative polymerase chain reaction (RT-qPCR). Cell proliferation and cell apoptosis assays and invasion analysis in gastric cancer cell lines were performed to evaluate the effects of miR-524-5p on gastric cancer cells in vitro. The expression levels of matrix metallopeptidase (MMP)-2 and MMP-9 were determined by RT-qPCR and western blot analysis. The expression of miR-524-5p was significantly decreased in gastric cancer tissues and cell lines. Additionally, the results of the in vitro experiments demonstrated that overexpression of miR-524-5p inhibited cell proliferation and invasion, and promoted cell apoptosis in gastric cancer cells. Human gastric cancer SGC-7901 and MGC-803 cell lines transfected with miR-524-5p exhibited reduced expression levels of MMP-2 and MMP-9. Taken together, the results of the present study indicated that miR-524-5p may function as a novel tumor suppressor gene in gastric cancer, and may serve as a biomarker and therapeutic target for the treatment of gastric cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guang-Hui Liu
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan 450052, P.R. China
| | - Yuan-Hua Liu
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan 450052, P.R. China
| | - Zhen Yang
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan 450052, P.R. China
| | - A-Li Zhu
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan 450052, P.R. China
| | - Chun-Lin Zhao
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan 450052, P.R. China
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Yan C, Yu J, Kang W, Liu Y, Ma Z, Zhou L. miR-935 suppresses gastric signet ring cell carcinoma tumorigenesis by targeting Notch1 expression. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2015; 470:68-74. [PMID: 26742429 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2015.12.116] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/15/2015] [Accepted: 12/26/2015] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
Gastric signet ring cell carcinoma (GSRCC) is a unique pathological type of gastric carcinoma that is extremely invasive and has a poor prognosis. Expression of microRNAs (miRNAs) has been closely linked to the carcinogenesis of gastric cancer and has been considered as a powerful prognostic marker. The function of miR-935 has never been reported in cancer before. We found, using microRNA array, that expression of miR-935 in GSRCC cell lines is lower than in non-GSRCC cell lines, and enhanced expression of miR-935 in GSRCC cell-lines inhibit cell proliferation, migration and invasion. We also identified Notch1 as a direct target of miR-935. Knockdown of Notch1 reduced proliferation, migration/invasion of GSRCC cells, and overexpression Notch1's activated form (Notch intracellular domain) could rescue miR-935's tumor suppressive effect on GSRCC. Expression of miR-935 was lower in gastric carcinoma tissue than in paired normal tissue samples, and lower in GSRCC than in non-GSRCC. Our results demonstrate the inverse correlation between the expression of miR-935 and Notch1 in gastric tissues. We conclude that miR-935 inhibits gastric carcinoma cell proliferation, migration and invasion by targeting Notch1, suggesting potential applications of the miR-935-Notch1 pathway in gastric cancer clinical diagnosis and therapeutics, especially in gastric signet ring cell carcinoma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chao Yan
- Department of General Surgery, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Science and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100730, China
| | - Jianchun Yu
- Department of General Surgery, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Science and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100730, China.
| | - Weiming Kang
- Department of General Surgery, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Science and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100730, China
| | - Yuqin Liu
- Cell Culture Center, Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100005, China
| | - Zhiqiang Ma
- Department of General Surgery, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Science and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100730, China
| | - Li Zhou
- Department of General Surgery, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Science and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100730, China
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Yu SL, Lee DC, Sohn HA, Lee SY, Jeon HS, Lee JH, Park CG, Lee HY, Yeom YI, Son JW, Yoon YS, Kang J. Homeobox A9 directly targeted by miR-196b regulates aggressiveness through nuclear Factor-kappa B activity in non-small cell lung cancer cells. Mol Carcinog 2015; 55:1915-1926. [PMID: 26586336 DOI: 10.1002/mc.22439] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/28/2015] [Revised: 10/14/2015] [Accepted: 11/10/2015] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are recognized as crucial posttranscriptional regulators of gene expression, and play critical roles as oncogenes or tumor suppressors in various cancers. Here, we show that miR-196b is upregulated in mesenchymal-like-state non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) cells and lung cancer tissues. Moreover, miR-196b upregulation stimulates cell invasion and a change in cell morphology to a spindle shape via loss of cell-to-cell contacts. We identified homeobox A9 (HOXA9) as a target gene of miR-196b by using public databases such as TargetScan, miRDB, and microRNA.org. HOXA9 expression is inversely correlated with miR-196b levels in clinical NSCLC samples as compared to that in corresponding control samples, and with the migration and invasion of NSCLC cells. Ectopic expression of HOXA9 resulted in a suppression of miR-196b-induced cell invasion, and HOXA9 reexpression increased E-cadherin expression. Furthermore, HOXA9 potently attenuated the expression of snail family zinc finger 2 (SNAI2/SLUG) and matrix metallopeptidase 9 (MMP9) by controlling the binding of nuclear factor-kappa B to the promoter of SLUG and MMP9 genes, respectively. Therefore, we suggest that HOXA9 plays a central role in controlling the aggressive behavior of lung cancer cells and that miR-196b can serve as a potential target for developing anticancer agents. © 2015 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
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Affiliation(s)
- Seong-Lan Yu
- Department of Pharmacology, College of Medicine, Konyang University, Daejeon, Republic of Korea
| | - Dong Chul Lee
- Genome Structure Research Center, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Daejeon, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyun Ahm Sohn
- Genome Structure Research Center, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Daejeon, Republic of Korea
| | - Soo Young Lee
- Department of Internal Medicine, Konyang University Hospital, Daejeon, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyo Sung Jeon
- Department of Biochemistry, School of Medicine, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, Republic of Korea
| | - Joon H Lee
- Department of Cell Biology, College of Medicine, Konyang University, Daejeon, Republic of Korea
| | - Chang Gyo Park
- Department of Pharmacology, College of Medicine, Konyang University, Daejeon, Republic of Korea
| | - Hoi Young Lee
- Department of Pharmacology, College of Medicine, Konyang University, Daejeon, Republic of Korea
| | - Young Il Yeom
- Genome Structure Research Center, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Daejeon, Republic of Korea
| | - Ji Woong Son
- Department of Internal Medicine, Konyang University Hospital, Daejeon, Republic of Korea
| | - Yoo Sang Yoon
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, College of Medicine, Konyang University, Daejeon, Republic of Korea
| | - Jaeku Kang
- Department of Pharmacology, College of Medicine, Konyang University, Daejeon, Republic of Korea
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Yang Q, Zhang RW, Sui PC, He HT, Ding L. Dysregulation of non-coding RNAs in gastric cancer. World J Gastroenterol 2015; 21:10956-10981. [PMID: 26494954 PMCID: PMC4607897 DOI: 10.3748/wjg.v21.i39.10956] [Citation(s) in RCA: 57] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2015] [Revised: 08/28/2015] [Accepted: 09/15/2015] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Gastric cancer (GC) is one of the most common cancers in the world and a significant threat to the health of patients, especially those from China and Japan. The prognosis for patients with late stage GC receiving the standard of care treatment, including surgery, chemotherapy and radiotherapy, remains poor. Developing novel treatment strategies, identifying new molecules for targeted therapy, and devising screening techniques to detect this cancer in its early stages are needed for GC patients. The discovery of non-coding RNAs (ncRNAs), primarily microRNAs (miRNAs) and long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs), helped to elucidate the mechanisms of tumorigenesis, diagnosis and treatment of GC. Recently, significant research has been conducted on non-coding RNAs and how the regulatory dysfunction of these RNAs impacts the tumorigenesis of GC. In this study, we review papers published in the last five years concerning the dysregulation of non-coding RNAs, especially miRNAs and lncRNAs, in GC. We summarize instances of aberrant expression of the ncRNAs in GC and their effect on survival-related events, including cell cycle regulation, AKT signaling, apoptosis and drug resistance. Additionally, we evaluate how ncRNA dysregulation affects the metastatic process, including the epithelial-mesenchymal transition, stem cells, transcription factor activity, and oncogene and tumor suppressor expression. Lastly, we determine how ncRNAs affect angiogenesis in the microenvironment of GC. We further discuss the use of ncRNAs as potential biomarkers for use in clinical screening, early diagnosis and prognosis of GC. At present, no ideal ncRNAs have been identified as targets for the treatment of GC.
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Yan C, Yu J, Liu Y, Kang W, Ma Z, Zhou L. MiR-32 promotes gastric carcinoma tumorigenesis by targeting Kruppel-like factor 4. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2015; 467:913-20. [PMID: 26471298 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2015.10.044] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/23/2015] [Accepted: 10/08/2015] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
Gastric cancer (GC) is a prevalent malignant cancer worldwide and is highly lethal because of its fast growth. Currently, the clinical therapy options for GC remain limited. MiR-32 has been reported as an oncogenic microRNA in many cancers, but its role in GC is unclear. Here, we found that miR-32 was overexpressed in GC tissues compared with adjacent normal tissue, and miR-32 was higher in GC patients' plasma compared with healthy individuals. Furthermore, we have identified miR-32 to be oncogenic, by promoting gastric cell proliferation, migration and invasion. We also identified Kruppel-like factor 4 (KLF4) as a direct target of miR-32. Knockdown of KLF4 promoted proliferation, migration and invasion of GC cells. We conclude that miR-32 promotes GC cell proliferation, migration and invasion by targeting KLF4, suggesting that the miR-32-KLF4 pathway may be useful in clinical diagnosis and therapeutics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chao Yan
- Department of General Surgery, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Science and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100730, China
| | - Jianchun Yu
- Department of General Surgery, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Science and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100730, China.
| | - Yuqin Liu
- Cell Culture Center, Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100005, China
| | - Weiming Kang
- Department of General Surgery, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Science and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100730, China
| | - Zhiqiang Ma
- Department of General Surgery, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Science and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100730, China
| | - Li Zhou
- Department of General Surgery, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Science and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100730, China
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Wang JF, Xie Y, Hu L, Li CR, Li HL. Detection of gastric juice microRNAs for screening and diagnosis of gastric cancer. Shijie Huaren Xiaohua Zazhi 2015; 23:2562-2567. [DOI: 10.11569/wcjd.v23.i16.2562] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are a group of noncoding small RNA molecules (21-25 nucleotides long) which are found in plants and animals. They can regulate the expression of target genes by cleaving and degrading or repressing the translation of target miRNAs. Many studies have confirmed that body fluid miRNAs are closely related to tumor development. This paper introduces the structure, function, characteristics and detection of gastric juice miRNAs, highlighting their role in the screening and diagnosis of gastric cancer.
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Wan X, Ding X, Chen S, Song H, Jiang H, Fang Y, Li P, Guo J. The functional sites of miRNAs and lncRNAs in gastric carcinogenesis. Tumour Biol 2015; 36:521-32. [PMID: 25636450 PMCID: PMC4342515 DOI: 10.1007/s13277-015-3136-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2014] [Accepted: 01/19/2015] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Gastric cancer is one of the most common malignant diseases and has one of the highest mortality rates worldwide. Its molecular mechanisms are poorly understood. Recently, the functions of non-coding RNAs (ncRNAs) in gastric cancer have attracted wide attention. Although the expression levels of various ncRNAs are different, they may work together in a network and contribute to gastric carcinogenesis by altering the expression of oncogenes or tumor suppressor genes. They affect the cell cycle, apoptosis, motility, invasion, and metastasis. Dysregulated microRNAs (miRNAs) and long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs), including miR-21, miR-106, H19, and ANRIL, directly or indirectly regulate carcinogenic factors or signaling pathways such as PTEN, CDK, caspase, E-cadherin, Akt, and P53. Greater recognition of the roles of miRNAs and lncRNAs in gastric carcinogenesis can provide new insight into the mechanisms of tumor development and identify targets for anticancer drug development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiangxiang Wan
- Department of Gastroenterology, Ningbo First Hospital, No. 59 Liuting Street, Ningbo, 315010, China
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Zhang Y, Lin ZH, Jin TF, Jin RS. MicroRNA expression profile in colorectal cancer. Shijie Huaren Xiaohua Zazhi 2014; 22:4578-4587. [DOI: 10.11569/wcjd.v22.i30.4578] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
AIM: To examine the expression of microRNAs (miRNAs) in colorectal cancer (CRC) and adjacent tissues by miRNA gene microarray, determine some cellular functions and molecular pathways targeted by these differentially expressed miRNAs, and discuss the clinical significance of differential miRNA expression profile in CRC.
METHODS: Surgical CRC and adjacent tissues were collected from 11 CRC patients and frozen immediately. For microarray analysis, the AFFX miRNA biochip was used. Total RNA was isolated from samples and expression of miRNAs was analyzed. Of the screened differentially expressed miRNAs, miR-31, miR-105 and miR-196b, which were strongly up-regulated in CRC, were selected for validation by real-time PCR using 53 CRC and 15 adjacent tissues. The relationships between the differential expression of these miRNAs and clinical and pathological characteristics were analyzed.
RESULTS: MiRNA expression in CRC and adjacent normal tissues had obvious differences. A total of 25 miRNAs that were significantly differentially expressed in CRC were screened (P < 0.001), of which 15 were up-regulated and 10 down-regulated. MiR-31 expression was significantly correlated with CRC pathological type (P < 0.01) and clinical stage (P < 0.05), but not with lymph node metastasis or distant metastasis (P > 0.05). MiR-105 was positively correlated with pathologic classification, clinical stage, lymph node metastasis and distant metastasis (P < 0.05). MiR-196b was significantly correlated with pathological classification (P < 0.05), but not with lymph node metastasis, distant metastasis or clinical stage (P > 0.05).
CONCLUSION: Differentially expressed miRNAs exist in CRC, and these miRNAs may become potential molecular targets for diagnosis and treatment of CRC. High expression of miR-31, miR-105 and miR-196b is related to the pathological classification of CRC.
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Lu YC, Chang JT, Liao CT, Kang CJ, Huang SF, Chen IH, Huang CC, Huang YC, Chen WH, Tsai CY, Wang HM, Yen TC, You GR, Chiang CH, Cheng AJ. OncomiR-196 promotes an invasive phenotype in oral cancer through the NME4-JNK-TIMP1-MMP signaling pathway. Mol Cancer 2014; 13:218. [PMID: 25233933 PMCID: PMC4176851 DOI: 10.1186/1476-4598-13-218] [Citation(s) in RCA: 77] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/29/2014] [Accepted: 09/11/2014] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Background MicroRNA-196 (miR-196), which is highly up-regulated in oral cancer cells, has been reported to be aberrantly expressed in several cancers; however, the significance of miR-196 in oral cancer has not yet been addressed. Methods Cellular functions in response to miR-196 modulation were examined, including cell growth, migration, invasion and radio/chemosensitivity. Algorithm-based studies were used to identify the regulatory target of miR-196. The miR-196 target gene and downstream molecular mechanisms were confirmed by RT-qPCR, western blot, luciferase reporter and confocal microscopy analyses. miR-196 expression was determined in paired cancer and adjacent normal tissues from oral cancer patients. Results Both miR-196a and miR-196b were highly over-expressed in the cancer tissue and correlated with lymph node metastasis (P = 0.001 and P = 0.006, respectively). Functionally, miR-196 actively promoted cell migration and invasion without affecting cell growth. Mechanistically, miR-196 performed it's their function by inhibiting NME4 expression and further activating p-JNK, suppressing TIMP1, and augmenting MMP1/9. Conclusion miR-196 contributes to oral cancer by promoting cell migration and invasion. Clinically, miR-196a/b was significantly over-expressed in the cancer tissues and correlated with lymph node metastasis. Thus, our findings provide new knowledge of the underlying mechanism of cancer metastasis. miR-196 may serve as a promising marker for better oral cancer management. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (doi:10.1186/1476-4598-13-218) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Ann-Joy Cheng
- Department of Medical Biotechnology, College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, 259 Wen-Hwa 1st Road, Taoyuan, 333, Taiwan.
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Shin VY, Chu KM. MiRNA as potential biomarkers and therapeutic targets for gastric cancer. World J Gastroenterol 2014; 20:10432-10439. [PMID: 25132759 PMCID: PMC4130850 DOI: 10.3748/wjg.v20.i30.10432] [Citation(s) in RCA: 263] [Impact Index Per Article: 26.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/28/2013] [Accepted: 04/29/2014] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Gastric cancer is one of the leading causes of cancer mortality in the world. Aberrant expression of microRNAs (miRNAs) is the hallmark of this disease. MiRNAs are endogenous non-coding RNAs that are involved in many biological processes (e.g., cell proliferation, differentiation, apoptosis, invasion and development) through gene repression. Deregulation of miRNA expression in gastric tumors and cancer cell lines have been documented to contribute in tumorigenesis, and the expression signature may correlate with different cancer types and clinicopathological features. Here, we summarized the updated gastric cancer-associated miRNAs and the downstream targets in the process of tumorigenesis. Recently, many researchers make use of the miRNA microarray platform to profile miRNA expression in gastric cancer and correlated with different clinical parameters. Its application on cancer diagnosis, prognosis and predicting treatment response rate are still underway and needs further investigation. Emerging roles of miRNAs with oncogenic or tumor suppressive properties in gastric tumorigenesis were discussed. Epigenetic silencing of miRNA by hypermethylation of promoter CpG island was also observed in gastric cancer. However, detailed mechanisms of how miRNAs regulate gene expression in gastric cancer has not been well studied. In this review, we highlight the up-to-date findings on the deregulated miRNAs in gastric cancer, and the potential use of miRNA in the clinical settings, such as diagnostic/prognostic markers and chemotherapeutic tools.
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Tsai MM, Wang CS, Tsai CY, Chen CY, Chi HC, Tseng YH, Chung PJ, Lin YH, Chung IH, Chen CY, Lin KH. MicroRNA-196a/-196b promote cell metastasis via negative regulation of radixin in human gastric cancer. Cancer Lett 2014; 351:222-31. [PMID: 24933454 DOI: 10.1016/j.canlet.2014.06.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 66] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/13/2014] [Revised: 05/25/2014] [Accepted: 06/04/2014] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
MicroRNAs (miRNAs) play an important role to contribute carcinogenesis. The aim of the current study was to identify useful biomarkers from miRNAs. Differential miRNA profiles were analyzed using the miRNA qRT-PCR-based assay. Two of the most upregulated miRNAs were selected and validated. The miR-196a/-196b levels were significantly increased in gastric cancer (GC) tissues (n=109). Overexpression of miR-196a/-196b was significantly associated with tumor progression and poorer 5-year survival outcomes. Overexpression of miR-196a/-196b enhances GC cell migration and invasion. Further, radixin was identified as a target gene of miR-196a/-196b. Elevated miR-196a/-196b expression in GC cells led to reduced radixin protein levels and vice versa. Notably, an inverse correlation between miR-196a/-196b and radixin mRNA and protein expression was observed in GC tissues with in situ hybridization and immunohistochemistry analyses. Together, miR-196a/-196b inhibitory oligonucleotides or overexpression of the radixin may thus have therapeutic potential in suppressing GC metastasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ming-Ming Tsai
- Department of Nursing, Chang-Gung University of Science and Technology, Taoyuan 333, Taiwan
| | - Chia-Siu Wang
- Department of General Surgery, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital at Chiayi, Chiayi 613, Taiwan
| | - Chung-Ying Tsai
- Department of Biochemistry, College of Medicine, Chang-Gung University, Taoyuan 333, Taiwan
| | - Cheng-Yi Chen
- Department of Biochemistry, College of Medicine, Chang-Gung University, Taoyuan 333, Taiwan; Department of Medical Research, Mackay Memorial Hospital, Taipei 251, Taiwan
| | - Hsiang-Cheng Chi
- Department of Biochemistry, College of Medicine, Chang-Gung University, Taoyuan 333, Taiwan
| | - Yi-Hsin Tseng
- Department of Biochemistry, College of Medicine, Chang-Gung University, Taoyuan 333, Taiwan
| | - Pei-Jung Chung
- Molecular Medicine Research Center, College of Medicine, Chang-Gung University, Taoyuan 333, Taiwan
| | - Yang-Hsiang Lin
- Department of Biochemistry, College of Medicine, Chang-Gung University, Taoyuan 333, Taiwan
| | - I-Hsiao Chung
- Department of Biochemistry, College of Medicine, Chang-Gung University, Taoyuan 333, Taiwan
| | - Ching-Ying Chen
- Department of Biochemistry, College of Medicine, Chang-Gung University, Taoyuan 333, Taiwan
| | - Kwang-Huei Lin
- Department of Biochemistry, College of Medicine, Chang-Gung University, Taoyuan 333, Taiwan.
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Guo Z, Maki M, Ding R, Yang Y, Zhang B, Xiong L. Genome-wide survey of tissue-specific microRNA and transcription factor regulatory networks in 12 tissues. Sci Rep 2014; 4:5150. [PMID: 24889152 PMCID: PMC5381490 DOI: 10.1038/srep05150] [Citation(s) in RCA: 146] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2014] [Accepted: 05/08/2014] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Tissue-specific miRNAs (TS miRNA) specifically expressed in particular tissues play an important role in tissue identity, differentiation and function. However, transcription factor (TF) and TS miRNA regulatory networks across multiple tissues have not been systematically studied. Here, we manually extracted 116 TS miRNAs and systematically investigated the regulatory network of TF-TS miRNA in 12 human tissues. We identified 2,347 TF-TS miRNA regulatory relations and revealed that most TF binding sites tend to enrich close to the transcription start site of TS miRNAs. Furthermore, we found TS miRNAs were regulated widely by non-tissue specific TFs and the tissue-specific expression level of TF have a close relationship with TF-genes regulation. Finally, we describe TSmiR (http://bioeng.swjtu.edu.cn/TSmiR), a novel and web-searchable database that houses interaction maps of TF-TS miRNA in 12 tissues. Taken together, these observations provide a new suggestion to better understand the regulatory network and mechanisms of TF-TS miRNAs underlying different tissues.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhiyun Guo
- School of Life Sciences and Bioengineering, Southwest Jiaotong University, Chengdu, 610031, P.R. China
| | - Miranda Maki
- Department of Biology, Lakehead University, Oliver Road, Thunder Bay, Ontario
| | - Ruofan Ding
- School of Life Sciences and Bioengineering, Southwest Jiaotong University, Chengdu, 610031, P.R. China
| | - Yalan Yang
- School of Life Sciences and Bioengineering, Southwest Jiaotong University, Chengdu, 610031, P.R. China
| | - Bao Zhang
- School of Life Sciences and Bioengineering, Southwest Jiaotong University, Chengdu, 610031, P.R. China
| | - Lili Xiong
- School of Life Sciences and Bioengineering, Southwest Jiaotong University, Chengdu, 610031, P.R. China
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MicroRNAs in the Regulation of MMPs and Metastasis. Cancers (Basel) 2014; 6:625-45. [PMID: 24670365 PMCID: PMC4074795 DOI: 10.3390/cancers6020625] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/08/2014] [Revised: 02/21/2014] [Accepted: 03/04/2014] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
MicroRNAs are integral molecules in the regulation of numerous physiological cellular processes including cellular differentiation, proliferation, metabolism and apoptosis. Their function transcends normal physiology and extends into several pathological entities including cancer. The matrix metalloproteinases play pivotal roles, not only in tissue remodeling, but also in several physiological and pathological processes, including those supporting cancer progression. Additionally, the contribution of active MMPs in metastatic spread and the establishment of secondary metastasis, via the targeting of several substrates, are also well established. This review focuses on the important miRNAs that have been found to impact cancer progression and metastasis through direct and indirect interactions with the matrix metalloproteinases.
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Findlay VJ, LaRue AC, Turner DP, Watson PM, Watson DK. Understanding the role of ETS-mediated gene regulation in complex biological processes. Adv Cancer Res 2014; 119:1-61. [PMID: 23870508 DOI: 10.1016/b978-0-12-407190-2.00001-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Ets factors are members of one of the largest families of evolutionarily conserved transcription factors, regulating critical functions in normal cell homeostasis, which when perturbed contribute to tumor progression. The well-documented alterations in ETS factor expression and function during cancer progression result in pleiotropic effects manifested by the downstream effect on their target genes. Multiple ETS factors bind to the same regulatory sites present on target genes, suggesting redundant or competitive functions. The anti- and prometastatic signatures obtained by examining specific ETS regulatory networks will significantly improve our ability to accurately predict tumor progression and advance our understanding of gene regulation in cancer. Coordination of multiple ETS gene functions also mediates interactions between tumor and stromal cells and thus contributes to the cancer phenotype. As such, these new insights may provide a novel view of the ETS gene family as well as a focal point for studying the complex biological control involved in tumor progression. One of the goals of molecular biology is to elucidate the mechanisms that contribute to the development and progression of cancer. Such an understanding of the molecular basis of cancer will provide new possibilities for: (1) earlier detection, as well as better diagnosis and staging of disease; (2) detection of minimal residual disease recurrences and evaluation of response to therapy; (3) prevention; and (4) novel treatment strategies. Increased understanding of ETS-regulated biological pathways will directly impact these areas.
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Affiliation(s)
- Victoria J Findlay
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Hollings Cancer Center, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, South Carolina, USA
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43
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Abstract
Carcinoma of the stomach is one of the most prevalent cancer types in the world. Although the incidence of gastric cancer is declining, the outcomes of gastric cancer patients remain dismal because of the lack of effective biomarkers to detect early gastric cancer. Modern biomedical research has explored many potential gastric cancer biomarker genes by utilising serum protein antigens, oncogenic genes or gene families through improving molecular biological technologies, such as microarray, RNA-Seq and the like. Recently, the small noncoding microRNAs (miRNAs) have been suggested to be critical regulators in the oncogenesis pathways and to serve as useful clinical biomarkers. This new class of biomarkers is emerging as a novel molecule for cancer diagnosis and prognosis, including gastric cancer. By translational suppression of target genes, miRNAs play a significant role in the gastric cancer cell physiology and tumour progression. There are potential implications of previously discovered gastric cancer molecular biomarkers and their expression modulations by respective miRNAs. Therefore, many miRNAs are found to play oncogenic roles or tumour-suppressing functions in human cancers. With the surprising stability of miRNAs in tissues, serum or other body fluids, miRNAs have emerged as a new type of cancer biomarker with immeasurable clinical potential.
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Sekar TV, Mohanram RK, Foygel K, Paulmurugan R. Therapeutic evaluation of microRNAs by molecular imaging. Am J Cancer Res 2013; 3:964-85. [PMID: 24396507 PMCID: PMC3881098 DOI: 10.7150/thno.4928] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2013] [Accepted: 09/22/2013] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
MicroRNAs (miRNAs) function as regulatory molecules of gene expression with multifaceted activities that exhibit direct or indirect oncogenic properties, which promote cell proliferation, differentiation, and the development of different types of cancers. Because of their extensive functional involvement in many cellular processes, under both normal and pathological conditions such as various cancers, this class of molecules holds particular interest for cancer research. MiRNAs possess the ability to act as tumor suppressors or oncogenes by regulating the expression of different apoptotic proteins, kinases, oncogenes, and other molecular mechanisms that can cause the onset of tumor development. In contrast to current cancer medicines, miRNA-based therapies function by subtle repression of gene expression on a large number of oncogenic factors, and therefore are anticipated to be highly efficacious. Given their unique mechanism of action, miRNAs are likely to yield a new class of targeted therapeutics for a variety of cancers. More than thousand miRNAs have been identified to date, and their molecular mechanisms and functions are well studied. Furthermore, they are established as compelling therapeutic targets in a variety of cellular complications. However, the notion of using them as therapeutic tool was proposed only recently, given that modern imaging methods are just beginning to be deployed for miRNA research. In this review, we present a summary of various molecular imaging methods, which are instrumental in revealing the therapeutic potential of miRNAs, especially in various cancers. Imaging methods have recently been developed for monitoring the expression levels of miRNAs and their target genes by fluorescence-, bioluminescence- and chemiluminescence-based imaging techniques. Mature miRNAs bind to the untranslated regions (UTRs) of the target mRNAs and regulate target genes expressions. This concept has been used for the development of fluorescent reporter-based imaging strategies to monitor the functional status of endogenous miRNAs, or the respective miRNAs transiently co-expressed in cells. Bioluminescence-based imaging strategies have been used to investigate various stages of miRNA processing and its involvement in different cellular processes. Similarly, chemiluminsecence methods were developed for in vitro miRNA imaging such as monitoring their therapeutic roles in various cancer cell lines.
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Li L, Li H. Role of microRNA-mediated MMP regulation in the treatment and diagnosis of malignant tumors. Cancer Biol Ther 2013; 14:796-805. [PMID: 23917402 DOI: 10.4161/cbt.25936] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs) play important roles in tumor cell proliferation and apoptosis and contribute to tumor growth, angiogenesis, migration, and invasion primarily via extracellular matrix (ECM) degradation and/or the activation of pre-pro-growth factors. Recently, there has been considerable interest in the posttranscriptional regulation of MMPs via microRNAs (miRs). In this review, we highlight the complicated interactive network comprised of different MMPs and their regulating microRNAs, as well as the ways in which these interactions influence cancer development, including tumor angiogenesis, growth, invasion, and metastasis. Based on the conclusive roles that microRNAs play in the regulation of MMPs during cancer progression, we discuss the potential use of microRNA-mediated MMP regulation in the diagnosis and treatment of tumors from the clinical perspective. In particular, microRNA-mediated MMP regulation may lead to the development of promising new MMP inhibitors that target MMPs more selectively, and this approach may also target multiple molecules in a network, leading to the efficient regulation of distinct biological processes relevant to malignant tumors. A thorough understanding of the mechanisms underlying microRNA-mediated MMP regulation during tumor progression will help to provide new insights into the diagnosis and treatment of malignant tumors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liqin Li
- Huzhou Key Laboratory of Molecular Medicine; Huzhou Central Hospital; Huzhou, China
| | - Heng Li
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Huzhou Teachers College; The First People's Hospital of Huzhou; Huzhou, China
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Xu X, Yang X, Xing C, Zhang S, Cao J. miRNA: The nemesis of gastric cancer (Review). Oncol Lett 2013; 6:631-641. [PMID: 24137382 PMCID: PMC3789097 DOI: 10.3892/ol.2013.1428] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2013] [Accepted: 06/13/2013] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
microRNAs (miRNAs) are a group of small non-coding RNAs that are ~22 (18 to 25) nucleotides (nt) long and have been associated with a variety of diseases, including cancer. Increasing evidence indicates that miRNAs are essential in the development, diagnosis, treatment and prognosis of a variety of tumors. The utility of miRNAs as biomarkers for diagnosis and of target molecules for the treatment of cancers is increasingly being recognized. With the discovery of circulating miRNAs, a non-invasive approach for the diagnosis and treatment of cancer has been identified. This review summarizes the role of miRNAs in the development of different tumors, as well as a variety of other biological events. Moreover, this review focuses on analyzing the function and mechanism of gastric cancer-related miRNAs and investigates the importance of circulating miRNAs in gastric cancer, as well as their origin. Finally, this review lists a number of the problems that must be solved prior to miRNAs being used as reliable non-invasive tools for the diagnosis, treatment and prognosis of gastric cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaohui Xu
- Department of General Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou 215004, P.R. China
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Kabbout M, Garcia MM, Fujimoto J, Liu DD, Woods D, Chow CW, Mendoza G, Momin AA, James BP, Solis L, Behrens C, Lee JJ, Wistuba II, Kadara H. ETS2 mediated tumor suppressive function and MET oncogene inhibition in human non-small cell lung cancer. Clin Cancer Res 2013; 19:3383-95. [PMID: 23659968 DOI: 10.1158/1078-0432.ccr-13-0341] [Citation(s) in RCA: 102] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE The ETS2 transcription factor is an evolutionarily conserved gene that is deregulated in cancer. We analyzed the transcriptome of lung adenocarcinomas and normal lung tissue by expression profiling and found that ETS2 was significantly downregulated in adenocarcinomas. In this study, we probed the yet unknown functional role of ETS2 in lung cancer pathogenesis. EXPERIMENTAL DESIGN Lung adenocarcinomas (n = 80) and normal lung tissues (n = 30) were profiled using the Affymetrix Human Gene 1.0 ST platform. Immunohistochemical (IHC) analysis was conducted to determine ETS2 protein expression in non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) histologic tissue specimens (n = 201). Patient clinical outcome, based on ETS2 IHC expression, was statistically assessed using the log-rank and Kaplan-Meier tests. RNA interference and overexpression strategies were used to assess the effects of ETS2 expression on the transcriptome and on various malignant phenotypes. RESULTS ETS2 expression was significantly reduced in lung adenocarcinomas compared with normal lung (P < 0.001). Low ETS2 IHC expression was a significant predictor of shorter time to recurrence in NSCLC (P = 0.009, HR = 1.89) and adenocarcinoma (P = 0.03, HR = 1.86). Moreover, ETS2 was found to significantly inhibit lung cancer cell growth, migration, and invasion (P < 0.05), and microarray and pathways analysis revealed significant (P < 0.001) activation of the HGF pathway following ETS2 knockdown. In addition, ETS2 was found to suppress MET phosphorylation and knockdown of MET expression significantly attenuated (P < 0.05) cell invasion mediated by ETS2-specific siRNA. Furthermore, knockdown of ETS2 augmented HGF-induced MET phosphorylation, cell migration, and invasion. CONCLUSION(S) Our findings point to a tumor suppressor role for ETS2 in human NSCLC pathogenesis through inhibition of the MET proto-oncogene.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohamed Kabbout
- Department of Thoracic/Head and Neck Medical Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Melinda M Garcia
- Department of Thoracic/Head and Neck Medical Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Junya Fujimoto
- Department of Thoracic/Head and Neck Medical Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Diane D Liu
- Department of Biostatistics, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Denise Woods
- Department of Thoracic/Head and Neck Medical Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Chi-Wan Chow
- Department of Thoracic/Head and Neck Medical Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Gabriela Mendoza
- Department of Thoracic/Head and Neck Medical Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Amin A Momin
- Department of Bioinformatics, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Brian P James
- Department of Experimental Therapeutics, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Luisa Solis
- Department of Pathology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Carmen Behrens
- Department of Thoracic/Head and Neck Medical Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | - J Jack Lee
- Department of Biostatistics, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Ignacio I Wistuba
- Department of Thoracic/Head and Neck Medical Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA.,Department of Translational Molecular Pathology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Humam Kadara
- Department of Thoracic/Head and Neck Medical Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
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Transcriptional and epigenetic regulation of human microRNAs. Cancer Lett 2013; 331:1-10. [DOI: 10.1016/j.canlet.2012.12.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 89] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/17/2012] [Revised: 12/01/2012] [Accepted: 12/04/2012] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
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Abstract
Cancers of the oesophagus, gastro-oesophageal junction and stomach (upper gastrointestinal tract cancers; UGICs) pose a major health risk around the world. Collectively, the 5-year survival rate has remained <15%, and therapeutic improvements have been very slow and small. Novel molecules for early diagnosis, prognosis and therapy are, therefore, urgently needed. The role that microRNA (miRNA) molecules have in UGICs are worth pursuing to this end. miRNAs are small noncoding RNA molecules that regulate ∼60% of coding genes in humans and, therefore, are pivotal in mediating and regulating many physiologic processes. miRNAs are deregulated in many disease states, particularly in cancer, making them important targets. Here, we review the growing body of evidence regarding the alterations of miRNAs in UGICs. By suppressing translation and/or promoting degradation of mRNAs, miRNAs can contribute to carcinogenesis and progression of UGICs. In-depth studies of miRNAs in UGICs might yield novel insights and potential novel therapeutic strategies.
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Yu X, Luo L, Wu Y, Yu X, Liu Y, Yu X, Zhao X, Zhang X, Cui L, Ye G, Le Y, Guo J. Gastric juice miR-129 as a potential biomarker for screening gastric cancer. Med Oncol 2013; 30:365. [PMID: 23307240 DOI: 10.1007/s12032-012-0365-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 62] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2012] [Accepted: 09/13/2012] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
MicroRNAs (miRNAs) play crucial roles during the occurrence and development of gastric cancer. Conventional serological tests for screening gastric cancer have limits on sensitivity and specificity. Several miRNAs in peripheral blood have been used as biomarkers of gastric cancer. However, most of these miRNAs are shared by several types of cancer. Thanks to the tissue specificity of gastric juice, here we examined the feasibility of using gastric juice miR-129-1/2, which are aberrantly expressed in gastric cancer, to screen gastric cancer. Total of 141 gastric juices samples from gastric cancer, gastric ulcer, atrophic gastritis, and minimal gastritis patients or subjects with normal mucosa were collected by gastroscopy. The gastric juice miR-129-1/2 levels were detected by quantitative reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction. A receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve was constructed for differentiating patients with gastric cancer from patients with benign gastric diseases. We showed that, compared with patients with benign gastric diseases, patients with gastric cancer had significantly lower levels of gastric juice miR-129-1-3p and miR-129-2-3p. The areas under ROC curve (AUC) were 0.639 and 0.651 for miR-129-1-3p and miR-129-2-3p, respectively. Using the parallel combination test, the AUC was up to 0.656. In summary, our results suggest that gastric juice miR-129-1-3p and miR-129-2-3p are potential biomarkers for the screening gastric cancer, and the detection of gastric juice miRNAs is a convenient non-invasion method for the diagnosis of gastric cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xing Yu
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Pathophysiology, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Ningbo University School of Medicine, 818 Fenghua Road, Ningbo 315211, China
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