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Lee R, Hass NP, Kollitz A, Wilson M. The Prevalence of Urinary Tract Infections and Antibiotic Prescription Treatments Across Three Countries: A Retrospective Study Using an Electronic Medical Record. Cureus 2023; 15:e46466. [PMID: 37927756 PMCID: PMC10623495 DOI: 10.7759/cureus.46466] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 10/04/2023] [Indexed: 11/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction The Clinical Rotation Evaluation and Documentation Organizer (CREDO) is an electronic medical record (EMR) system created by the Edward Via College of Osteopathic Medicine (VCOM). International healthcare providers who partner with VCOM can gain access to CREDO and input their patient data. The objective of this study was to determine the frequency of urinary tract infection (UTI) diagnoses and prescription use over a one-year period in three Latin American countries. Methods Researchers analyzed the frequency of UTI diagnosis with corresponding prescription recommendations over a 12-month period in three Latin American countries (i.e., Dominican Republic, El Salvador, and Honduras) that utilize the CREDO system. For each month between May 2021 and May 2022, the total number of UTI diagnosis codes and prescription codes were summed, graphed, and analyzed. Results In El Salvador, there were 142 UTIs and 126 corresponding prescriptions written for UTIs reported from May 2021 to May 2022 but diagnoses were not consistent each month. Ciprofloxacin was prescribed most frequently at a rate of 43.7% in El Salvador. In Honduras, there were 68 UTIs and 68 corresponding prescriptions written for the UTIs reported from May 2021 until May 2022 with Ciprofloxacin being prescribed most frequently at a rate of 39.7%. Again, diagnosis frequency was not consistent each month. In the Dominican Republic, there were 42 UTIs and 14 corresponding prescriptions written for those UTIs reported, however, data only reflected two months' worth of UTI diagnoses from May 2021 to May 2022. Fosfomycin was prescribed most frequently at a rate of 61.5%. Conclusion: The findings above suggest that there are inconsistent UTI reports throughout the year with a varied use of antibiotics prescriptions for UTIs. The discovered discrepancies in disease reporting, or lack thereof of reporting, and prescription recommendation suggest inconsistent reporting in CREDO. In the future, focused education or revision on CREDO reporting and uniform coding practices could be implemented to reduce these inconsistencies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rachael Lee
- Medicine, Edward Via College of Osteopathic Medicine, Blacksburg, USA
| | - Nathan P Hass
- Biological Sciences, Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University, Blacksburg, USA
| | - Allie Kollitz
- Biochemistry, Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University, Blacksburg, USA
| | - Meghan Wilson
- Biology, Edward Via College of Osteopathic Medicine, Blacksburg, USA
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Segura GBR, Ochoa WHS, da Matta VLR, Martínez M, Tercero CR, Gonzalez RR, Pacheco CMS, Flores GVA, Silveira FT, Henriquez MMR, Laurenti MD. Can domestic dogs be considered a good reservoir of Leishmania (L.) infantum chagasi in an endemic area of nonulcerated cutaneous leishmaniasis in Southern Honduras? Rev Inst Med Trop Sao Paulo 2023; 65:e24. [PMID: 36995877 PMCID: PMC10041965 DOI: 10.1590/s1678-9946202365024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/28/2022] [Accepted: 02/03/2023] [Indexed: 03/30/2023] Open
Abstract
Dogs are considered to be the main domestic reservoir associated with the transmission of Leishmania (L.) infantum chagasi to humans in endemic areas of visceral leishmaniasis in America. However, little is known about the role of canines as a source of infection in endemic areas of nonulcerated cutaneous leishmaniasis (NUCL). Therefore, the objective of the present study was to investigate the role of dogs as a possible reservoir of the parasite in Southern Honduras. Dogs (n = 107) living with individuals affected by NUCL were clinically examined and biological material was collected for parasitological and immunological diagnosis. Most animals showed a healthy appearance and a few presented slight weight loss (64%), alopecia (7%), onychogryphosis (5%) and skin lesions (1%). The overall seroprevalence of Leishmania infection based on the DDP ® quick test and/or in-house ELISA serological test was 41%. The presence of the parasite’s DNA was confirmed in 94% of the dogs; however, the average parasite load in the buffy coat was low at 6.09 parasites/µL, ranging between 0.221 and 50.2. The skin of seropositive dogs examined by histopathology using paraffin sections stained by hematoxylin and immunohistochemistry did not show cutaneous lesions or parasite amastigotes. Based on the absence of parasites in the skin and the low parasite load detected in the buffy coat, it seems that the dog does not represent a good source of infection for the vector in the endemic area of NUCL transmission in Southern Honduras. Other domestic and/or wild animals should be investigated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gabriela Beatriz Rodriguez Segura
- Universidad Nacional Autónoma de Honduras , Instituto de Investigaciones en Microbiologia , Tegucigalpa , Honduras
- Universidad Nacional Autónoma de Honduras , Posgrado en Salud Pública , Tegucigalpa , Honduras
| | - Wilfredo Humberto Sosa Ochoa
- Universidad Nacional Autónoma de Honduras , Instituto de Investigaciones en Microbiologia , Tegucigalpa , Honduras
| | - Vânia Lúcia Ribeiro da Matta
- Universidade de São Paulo , Faculdade de Medicina , Hospital das Clínicas , Laboratório de Investigação Médica (LIM-50), São Paulo , São Paulo , Brazil
| | - Mercedes Martínez
- Universidad Nacional Autónoma de Honduras , Posgrado en Salud Pública , Tegucigalpa , Honduras
| | - Carol Rodriguez Tercero
- Universidad Nacional Autónoma de Honduras , Instituto de Investigaciones en Microbiologia , Tegucigalpa , Honduras
| | - Raquel Romero Gonzalez
- Universidad Nacional Autónoma de Honduras , Instituto de Investigaciones en Microbiologia , Tegucigalpa , Honduras
| | - Carmen M. Sandoval Pacheco
- Universidade de São Paulo , Faculdade de Medicina , Laboratório de Patologia de Moléstias Infecciosas , São Paulo , São Paulo , Brazil
| | - Gabriela V. Araujo Flores
- Universidade de São Paulo , Faculdade de Medicina , Laboratório de Patologia de Moléstias Infecciosas , São Paulo , São Paulo , Brazil
| | - Fernando Tobias Silveira
- Instituto Evandro Chagas , Laboratório de Leishmanioses , Belém , Pará , Brazil
- Universidade Federal do Pará , Núcleo de Medicina Tropical , Belém , Pará , Brazil
| | | | - Márcia Dalastra Laurenti
- Universidade de São Paulo , Faculdade de Medicina , Laboratório de Patologia de Moléstias Infecciosas , São Paulo , São Paulo , Brazil
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Miller AK, Tavera G, Dominguez RL, Camargo MC, Waterboer T, Wilson KT, Williams SM, Morgan DR. Ornithine decarboxylase (ODC1) gene variant (rs2302615) is associated with gastric cancer independently of Helicobacter pylori CagA serostatus. Oncogene 2021; 40:5963-9. [PMID: 34376808 DOI: 10.1038/s41388-021-01981-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2021] [Revised: 07/08/2021] [Accepted: 07/22/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
The primary cause of gastric cancer is chronic infection with Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori), particularly the high-risk genotype cagA, and risk modification by human genetic variants. We studied 94 variants in 54 genes for association with gastric cancer, including rs2302615 in ornithine decarboxylase (ODC1), which may affect response to chemoprevention with the ODC inhibitor, eflornithine (difluoromethylornithine; DFMO). Our population-based, case-control study included 1366 individuals (664 gastric cancer cases and 702 controls) from Western Honduras, a high incidence region of Latin America. CagA seropositivity was strongly associated with cancer (OR = 3.6; 95% CI: 2.6, 5.1). The ODC1 variant rs2302615 was associated with gastric cancer (OR = 1.36; p = 0.018) in a model adjusted for age, sex, and CagA serostatus. Two additional single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in CASP1 (rs530537) and TLR4 (rs1927914) genes were also associated with gastric cancer in univariate models as well as models adjusted for age, sex, and CagA serostatus. The ODC1 SNP association with gastric cancer was stronger in individuals who carried the TT genotype at the associating TLR4 polymorphism, rs1927914 (OR = 1.77; p = 1.85 × 10-3). In conclusion, the ODC1 variant, rs2302615, is associated with gastric cancer and supports chemoprevention trials with DFMO, particularly in individuals homozygous for the T allele at rs1927914.
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Palou EY, Ramos MA, Cherenfant E, Duarte A, Fuentes-Barahona IC, Zambrano LI, Muñoz-Lara F, Montoya-Ramirez SA, Cardona-Ortiz AF, Valle-Reconco JA, Montenegro-Idrogo JJ, Bonilla-Aldana DK, Paniz-Mondolfi AE, Rodriguez-Morales AJ. COVID-19 Associated Rhino-Orbital Mucormycosis Complicated by Gangrenous and Bone Necrosis-A Case Report from Honduras. Vaccines (Basel) 2021; 9:826. [PMID: 34451951 PMCID: PMC8402527 DOI: 10.3390/vaccines9080826] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/18/2021] [Revised: 07/20/2021] [Accepted: 07/24/2021] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Mucormycosis is a life-threatening invasive fungal infection most commonly observed in immunocompromised patients. Throughout the COVID-19 pandemic, a growing number of Mucorales associated infections, now termed COVID-19 associated mucormycosis (CAM), have been reported. Despite an increase in fatality reports, no cases of rhino-orbital CAM complicated with gangrenous bone necrosis have been described in the literature to date. CASE A 56-year-old male with a recent COVID-19 diagnosis developed rhino-orbital mucormycosis after 22 days of treatment with dexamethasone. Cultures and histopathological assessment of tissue biopsy confirmed the diagnosis. The patient survived after treatment with amphotericin B. CONCLUSIONS Mucormycosis is an invasive fungal infection affecting mostly immunocompromised patients. Along with the COVID-19 pandemic, the inappropriate use of steroids, in addition to concurrent risk factors, such as diabetes, has led to an increase in the occurrence of these devastating mycoses, leading to the development of severe presentations and complications, as observed in many cases. Early diagnosis and prompt treatment are crucial in order to avoid dissemination and fatal outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elsa Yolanda Palou
- Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de Honduras, Tegucigalpa 11101, Honduras; (E.Y.P.); (F.M.-L.)
| | | | - Emec Cherenfant
- Universidad Nacional Autónoma de Honduras, Tegucigalpa 11101, Honduras;
| | - Adoni Duarte
- Department of Morphological Sciences, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de Honduras, Tegucigalpa 11101, Honduras;
| | - Itzel Carolina Fuentes-Barahona
- Faculty of Medical Sciences, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de Honduras, Tegucigalpa 11101, Honduras;
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Hospital Escuela, Tegucigalpa 11101, Honduras
| | - Lysien I. Zambrano
- Unit of Scientific Research (UIC), Faculty of Medical Sciences, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de Honduras, Tegucigalpa 11101, Honduras;
- Latin American Network of Coronavirus Disease 2019 Research (LANCOVID), Pereira, Risaralda 660003, Colombia; (J.J.M.-I.); (D.K.B.-A.); (A.E.P.-M.)
| | - Fausto Muñoz-Lara
- Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de Honduras, Tegucigalpa 11101, Honduras; (E.Y.P.); (F.M.-L.)
- Department of Internal Medicine, Hospital Escuela, Tegucigalpa 11101, Honduras;
| | | | - Alex Francisco Cardona-Ortiz
- Post-Graduate Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de Honduras, Tegucigalpa 11101, Honduras;
| | - Jorge Alberto Valle-Reconco
- Deanship, Facultad de Ciencias Médicas, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de Honduras, Tegucigalpa 11101, Honduras;
| | - Juan J. Montenegro-Idrogo
- Latin American Network of Coronavirus Disease 2019 Research (LANCOVID), Pereira, Risaralda 660003, Colombia; (J.J.M.-I.); (D.K.B.-A.); (A.E.P.-M.)
- Faculty of Health Sciences, Universidad Cientifica del Sur, Lima 15046, Peru
- Infectious and Tropical Diseases Service, Hospital Nacional Dos de Mayo, Lima 15072, Peru
| | - D. Katterine Bonilla-Aldana
- Latin American Network of Coronavirus Disease 2019 Research (LANCOVID), Pereira, Risaralda 660003, Colombia; (J.J.M.-I.); (D.K.B.-A.); (A.E.P.-M.)
- Semillero de Investigación en Zoonosis (SIZOO), Grupo de Investigación GISCA, Fundación Universitaria Autónoma de las Américas, Sede Pereira, Pereira 660003, Colombia
| | - Alberto E. Paniz-Mondolfi
- Latin American Network of Coronavirus Disease 2019 Research (LANCOVID), Pereira, Risaralda 660003, Colombia; (J.J.M.-I.); (D.K.B.-A.); (A.E.P.-M.)
- Laboratory of Microbiology, Department of Pathology, Molecular and Cell-Based Medicine, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029-6574, USA
- Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas IDB/Incubadora Venezolana de la Ciencia, Barquisimeto 3001, Venezuela
| | - Alfonso J. Rodriguez-Morales
- Latin American Network of Coronavirus Disease 2019 Research (LANCOVID), Pereira, Risaralda 660003, Colombia; (J.J.M.-I.); (D.K.B.-A.); (A.E.P.-M.)
- Grupo de Investigación Biomedicina, Faculty of Medicine, Fundación Universitaria Autónoma de las Americas, Pereira, Risaralda 660003, Colombia
- Master of Clinical Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Universidad Cientifica del Sur, Lima 15046, Peru
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Sebert Kuhlmann AK, Foggia J, Fu Q, Sierra M. Intimate partner violence as a predictor of antenatal care service utilization in Honduras. Rev Panam Salud Publica 2017. [PMID: 28902264 PMCID: PMC6660898 DOI: 10.26633/rpsp.2017.104] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To describe the relationship between exposure to physical and/or sexual intimate partner violence (IPV) and indicators of antenatal care (ANC) service utilization among Honduran women of reproductive age. METHODS Data from the 2011-2012 Honduras Demographic and Health Survey were analyzed to describe the relationship between self-reported exposure to IPV and two ANC outcomes: (1) sufficient ANC visits (defined by the Honduran Ministry of Health as five or more visits) and (2) early ANC initiation (within the first trimester). Multiple logistic regression was used to estimate effects of physical and sexual IPV on the outcomes, controlling for women's age, education, literacy, residence, household size, religion, parity, wealth, husband's age, and husband's education. RESULTS Of women who were married, had at least one living child 5 years or younger, and completed the IPV module (N = 6 629), 13.5% of them reported any physical IPV, and 4.1% reported both physical and sexual IPV. There was no significant association between IPV and early ANC; however, a significant relationship between IPV and sufficient ANC was found. Women who experienced any physical IPV (adjusted odds ratios (aOR) = 1.25; 95% confidence interval (CI): 1.00-1.56) or sexual IPV (aOR = 1.53; 95% CI: 1.08-2.16) were, respectively, 25% and 53% more likely to receive insufficient ANC. CONCLUSIONS Honduras has one of highest rates of interpersonal violence of any nation in the world. In Honduras, IPV is a contributor to this broader category of interpersonal violence as well as a risk factor for insufficient ANC. Our findings suggest that universal IPV screening during ANC as well as future initiatives aimed at reducing IPV might improve ANC utilization in the country.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anne K. Sebert Kuhlmann
- College for Public Health and Social JusticeSaint Louis University, St. LouisMissouriUnited States of AmericaCollege for Public Health and Social Justice, Saint Louis University, St. Louis, Missouri, United States of America.,Send correspondence to Anne Sebert Kuhlmann,
| | - Janine Foggia
- College for Public Health and Social JusticeSaint Louis University, St. LouisMissouriUnited States of AmericaCollege for Public Health and Social Justice, Saint Louis University, St. Louis, Missouri, United States of America.
| | - Qiang Fu
- College for Public Health and Social JusticeSaint Louis University, St. LouisMissouriUnited States of AmericaCollege for Public Health and Social Justice, Saint Louis University, St. Louis, Missouri, United States of America.
| | - Manuel Sierra
- Departamento de Salud PúblicaFacultad de Ciencias Médicas, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de HondurasFrancisco MorazánHondurasDepartamento de Salud Pública, Facultad de Ciencias Médicas, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de Honduras, Tegucigalpa, Francisco Morazán, Honduras.
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Treece AL, Duncan DL, Tang W, Elmore S, Morgan DR, Meyers MO, Dominguez RL, Speck O, Gulley ML. Gastric adenocarcinoma microRNA profiles in fixed tissue and in plasma reveal cancer-associated and Epstein-Barr virus-related expression patterns. J Transl Med 2016; 96:661-71. [PMID: 26950485 PMCID: PMC5767475 DOI: 10.1038/labinvest.2016.33] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/10/2015] [Revised: 12/09/2015] [Accepted: 01/12/2016] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
MicroRNA expression in formalin-fixed paraffin-embedded tissue (FFPE) or plasma may add value for cancer management. The GastroGenus miR Panel was developed to measure 55 cancer-specific human microRNAs, Epstein-Barr virus (EBV)-encoded microRNAs, and controls. This Q-rtPCR panel was applied to 100 FFPEs enriched for adenocarcinoma or adjacent non-malignant mucosa, and to plasma of 31 patients. In FFPE, microRNAs upregulated in malignant versus adjacent benign gastric mucosa were hsa-miR-21, -155, -196a, -196b, -185, and -let-7i. Hsa-miR-18a, 34a, 187, -200a, -423-3p, -484, and -744 were downregulated. Plasma of cancer versus non-cancer controls had upregulated hsa-miR-23a, -103, and -221 and downregulated hsa-miR-378, -346, -486-5p, -200b, -196a, -141, and -484. EBV-infected versus uninfected cancers expressed multiple EBV-encoded microRNAs, and concomitant dysregulation of four human microRNAs suggests that viral infection may alter cellular biochemical pathways. Human microRNAs were dysregulated between malignant and benign gastric mucosa and between plasma of cancer patients and non-cancer controls. Strong association of EBV microRNA expression with known EBV status underscores the ability of microRNA technology to reflect disease biology. Expression of viral microRNAs in concert with unique human microRNAs provides novel insights into viral oncogenesis and reinforces the potential for microRNA profiles to aid in classifying gastric cancer subtypes. Pilot studies of plasma suggest the potential for a noninvasive addition to cancer diagnostics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amanda L Treece
- Pathology and Laboratory Medicine,University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC
| | - Daniel L Duncan
- Pathology and Laboratory Medicine,University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC
| | - Weihua Tang
- Pathology and Laboratory Medicine,University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC
| | - Sandra Elmore
- Pathology and Laboratory Medicine,University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC
| | - Douglas R Morgan
- Lineberger Comprehensive Cancer Center,Gastroenterology,Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN,University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC
| | - Michael O Meyers
- Lineberger Comprehensive Cancer Center,Surgical Oncology,University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC
| | | | - Olga Speck
- Pathology and Laboratory Medicine,University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC
| | - Margaret L Gulley
- Pathology and Laboratory Medicine,Lineberger Comprehensive Cancer Center,University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC
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Ben-Davies ME, Kinlaw A, Estrada del Campo Y, Bentley ME, Siega-Riz AM. Risk factors associated with the presence and severity of food insecurity in rural Honduras. Public Health Nutr 2014; 17:5-13. [PMID: 23915678 PMCID: PMC10282495 DOI: 10.1017/s1368980013002048] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2012] [Revised: 06/04/2013] [Accepted: 06/13/2013] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To identify factors associated with the presence and severity of food insecurity among a sample of Honduran caregivers of young children. DESIGN Cross-sectional study in which the dependent variable, household food insecurity, was measured using a fourteen-item questionnaire developed and validated in a population of similar cultural context. A predictive modelling strategy used backwards elimination in logistic regression and multinomial logit regression models to compute odds ratios and 95% confidence intervals for food insecurity. SETTING Rural Honduras in the department of Intibucá, between March and April 2009. SUBJECTS Two-hundred and ninety-eight Honduran caregivers of children aged 6-18 months. RESULTS Ninety-three per cent of households were classified as having some degree of food insecurity (mild, moderate or severe). After controlling for caregiver age and marital status, compared with caregivers with more than primary-school education, those with less than primary-school education had 3·47 (95% CI 1·34, 8·99) times the odds of severe food insecurity and 2·29 (95% CI 1·00, 5·25) times the odds of moderate food insecurity. Our results also found that child anthropometric status was not associated with the presence or severity of food insecurity. CONCLUSIONS These results show that among the sociodemographic factors assessed, food insecurity in rural Honduras is associated with maternal education. Understanding key factors associated with food insecurity that are unique to Honduras can inform the design of interventions to effectively mitigate the negative impact of food insecurity on children.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maureen E Ben-Davies
- Department of Pediatrics, Division of General Pediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill School of Medicine, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
- Cecil G. Sheps Center for Health Services Research, The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, 725 Martin Luther King Blvd, CB 7590, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USA
| | - Alan Kinlaw
- Department of Epidemiology, Gillings School of Global Public Health, The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| | - Yaniré Estrada del Campo
- Department of Nutrition, Gillings School of Global Public Health, The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| | - Margaret E Bentley
- Department of Nutrition, Gillings School of Global Public Health, The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| | - Anna Maria Siega-Riz
- Department of Epidemiology, Gillings School of Global Public Health, The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
- Department of Nutrition, Gillings School of Global Public Health, The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
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Schlaudecker EP, Heck JP, Macintyre ET, Martinez R, Dodd CN, McNeal MM, Staat MA, Heck JE, Steinhoff MC. Etiology and seasonality of viral respiratory infections in rural Honduran children. Pediatr Infect Dis J 2012; 31:1113-8. [PMID: 22653487 DOI: 10.1097/INF.0b013e31826052eb] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Limited data are available in Honduras that describe the etiology and seasonality of respiratory infections, especially in rural outpatient settings. Better data may lead to improved therapeutic and preventive strategies. The goal of our study was to determine the viral etiology and seasonality of acute respiratory infections in a rural Honduran population of children. METHODS Prospective clinic surveillance was conducted to identify children < 5 years of age presenting with respiratory symptoms of < 5 days duration. We obtained data on age, sex, medical history, breastfeeding history, symptoms, risk factors, household setting, temperature, respiratory rate and chest examination findings. To assess the association between specific viruses and weather, regional meteorological data were collected. Nasopharyngeal samples were tested for 16 respiratory viruses using a multiplex polymerase chain reaction panel. RESULTS From February 2010 through June 2011, 345 children < 5 years of age were enrolled; 17%, 23%, 30% and 31% were <6, 6-11, 12-23 and 24-60 months old, respectively. Including all clinics in the region, 44.5% of patients < 5 years of age with documented respiratory diagnoses were enrolled. At least 1 virus was identified in 75.4% children, of which 7.5% were coinfections; 13.3% were positive for parainfluenza, 11.9% for influenza, 8.1% for human metapneumovirus and 7.5% for respiratory syncytial virus. Rainfall correlated with parainfluenza (P < 0.0001), influenza (P < 0.0001), human metapneumovirus (P = 0.0182) and respiratory syncytial virus (P < 0.0001). CONCLUSIONS These results suggest that the spectrum of viruses in ill, rural, Honduran children is similar to that in North and Central America, although the seasonality is typical of some tropical regions.
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Sukhera J, Cerulli C, Gawinski BA, Morse D. Bridging Prevention and Health: Exploring Community Perceptions of Intimate Partner Violence in Rural Honduras. J Fam Violence 2012; 27:707-714. [PMID: 23243337 PMCID: PMC3520440 DOI: 10.1007/s10896-012-9454-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
Abstract
This qualitative study rooted in community-based participatory research principles utilized semi-structured interviews with 2 focus groups (n=9) with female healthcare volunteers (FCVs) and 3 male key informants who were community leaders (MCLs). The study aimed to examine how a rural Honduran community defines and responds to intimate partner violence (IPV) in order to lay the foundation for future interventions. Based on grounded theory, the authors assessed for common themes across transcripts. Authors found that a number of participants denied the existence of IPV. Perspectives on the causes and definitions of IPV varied between FCVs and MCLs. All participants affirmed the need for intervention and many participants mentioned healthcare and legal systems as potential venues to ameliorate IPV. The results highlight potentially important differences between FCV and MCL perspectives that may inform future interventions. Findings suggest health-care workers can play a role in IPV prevention and intervention in rural Honduras.
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Affiliation(s)
- Javeed Sukhera
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Rochester School of Medicine, Rochester, NY, USA
| | - Catherine Cerulli
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Rochester School of Medicine, Rochester, NY, USA
| | - Barbara A. Gawinski
- Departments of Family Medicine and Psychiatry, University of Rochester School of Medicine, Rochester, NY, USA
| | - Diane Morse
- Departments of Psychiatry and Medicine, University of Rochester School of Medicine, Rochester, NY, USA
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