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Allemailem KS, Almatroudi A, Alharbi HOA, AlSuhaymi N, Alsugoor MH, Aldakheel FM, Khan AA, Rahmani AH. Apigenin: A Bioflavonoid with a Promising Role in Disease Prevention and Treatment. Biomedicines 2024; 12:1353. [PMID: 38927560 PMCID: PMC11202028 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines12061353] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2024] [Revised: 06/05/2024] [Accepted: 06/14/2024] [Indexed: 06/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Apigenin is a powerful flavone compound found in numerous fruits and vegetables, and it offers numerous health-promoting benefits. Many studies have evidenced that this compound has a potential role as an anti-inflammatory and antioxidant compound, making it a promising candidate for reducing the risk of pathogenesis. It has also been found to positively affect various systems in the body, such as the respiratory, digestive, immune, and reproductive systems. Apigenin is effective in treating liver, lung, heart, kidney, neurological diseases, diabetes, and maintaining good oral and skin health. Multiple studies have reported that this compound is capable of suppressing various types of cancer through the induction of apoptosis and cell-cycle arrest, suppressing cell migration and invasion, reduction of inflammation, and inhibiting angiogenesis. When used in combination with other drugs, apigenin increases their efficacy, reduces the risk of side effects, and improves the response to chemotherapy. This review broadly analyzes apigenin's potential in disease management by modulating various biological activities. In addition, this review also described apigenin's interaction with other compounds or drugs and the potential role of nanoformulation in different pathogeneses. Further extensive research is needed to explore the mechanism of action, safety, and efficacy of this compound in disease prevention and treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Khaled S. Allemailem
- Department of Medical Laboratories, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Qassim University, Buraydah 51452, Saudi Arabia; (K.S.A.); (A.A.); (H.O.A.A.)
| | - Ahmad Almatroudi
- Department of Medical Laboratories, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Qassim University, Buraydah 51452, Saudi Arabia; (K.S.A.); (A.A.); (H.O.A.A.)
| | - Hajed Obaid A. Alharbi
- Department of Medical Laboratories, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Qassim University, Buraydah 51452, Saudi Arabia; (K.S.A.); (A.A.); (H.O.A.A.)
| | - Naif AlSuhaymi
- Department of Emergency Medical Services, Faculty of Health Sciences, AlQunfudah, Umm Al-Qura University, Makkah 21912, Saudi Arabia (M.H.A.)
| | - Mahdi H. Alsugoor
- Department of Emergency Medical Services, Faculty of Health Sciences, AlQunfudah, Umm Al-Qura University, Makkah 21912, Saudi Arabia (M.H.A.)
| | - Fahad M. Aldakheel
- Department of Clinical Laboratory Sciences, College of Applied Medical Sciences, King Saud University, Riyadh 11433, Saudi Arabia
| | - Amjad Ali Khan
- Department of Basic Health Sciences, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Qassim University, Buraydah 51452, Saudi Arabia
| | - Arshad Husain Rahmani
- Department of Medical Laboratories, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Qassim University, Buraydah 51452, Saudi Arabia; (K.S.A.); (A.A.); (H.O.A.A.)
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Cho YR, Jo KA, Park SY, Choi JW, Kim G, Kim TY, Lee S, Lee DH, Kim SK, Lee D, Lee S, Lim S, Woo SO, Byun S, Kim JY. Combination of UHPLC-MS/MS with context-specific network and cheminformatic approaches for identifying bioactivities and active components of propolis. Food Res Int 2023; 172:113134. [PMID: 37689898 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodres.2023.113134] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/09/2023] [Revised: 06/09/2023] [Accepted: 06/10/2023] [Indexed: 09/11/2023]
Abstract
Discovering new bioactivities and identifying active compounds of food materials are major fields of study in food science. However, the process commonly requires extensive experiments and can be technically challenging. In the current study, we employed network biology and cheminformatic approaches to predict new target diseases, active components, and related molecular mechanisms of propolis. Applying UHPLC-MS/MS analysis results of propolis to Context-Oriented Directed Associations (CODA) and Combination-Oriented Natural Product Database with Unified Terminology (COCONUT) systems indicated atopic dermatitis as a novel target disease. Experimental validation using cell- and human tissue-based models confirmed the therapeutic potential of propolis against atopic dermatitis. Moreover, we were able to find the major contributing compounds as well as their combinatorial effects responsible for the bioactivity of propolis. The CODA/COCONUT system also provided compound-associated genes explaining the underlying molecular mechanism of propolis. These results highlight the potential use of big data-driven network biological approaches to aid in analyzing the impact of food constituents at a systematic level.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ye-Ryeong Cho
- Department of Biotechnology, Yonsei University, Seoul 03722, Republic of Korea
| | - Kyeong Ah Jo
- Department of Food Science and Technology, Seoul National University of Science and Technology, Seoul 01811, Republic of Korea
| | - Soo-Yeon Park
- Department of Food Science and Technology, Seoul National University of Science and Technology, Seoul 01811, Republic of Korea
| | - Jae-Won Choi
- Department of Physical Education, Yonsei University, Seoul 03722, Republic of Korea
| | - Gwangmin Kim
- Department of Bio and Brain Engineering, KAIST, Daejeon, 34141, Republic of Korea
| | - Tae Yeon Kim
- Department of Bio and Brain Engineering, KAIST, Daejeon, 34141, Republic of Korea
| | - Soohwan Lee
- Department of Food Science and Biotechnology, Gachon University, Gyeonggi 13120, Republic of Korea
| | - Doo-Hee Lee
- National Instrumentation Center for Environmental Management, Seoul National University, Seoul, 08826, Republic of Korea
| | - Sung-Kuk Kim
- Department of Agrobiology, Division of Apiculture, National Institute of Agricultural Sciences, Wanju 55365, Republic of Korea
| | - Doheon Lee
- Department of Bio and Brain Engineering, KAIST, Daejeon, 34141, Republic of Korea
| | - Seungki Lee
- National Institute of Biological Resources, Incheon 22689, Republic of Korea
| | - Seokwon Lim
- Department of Food Science and Biotechnology, Gachon University, Gyeonggi 13120, Republic of Korea
| | - Soon Ok Woo
- Department of Agrobiology, Division of Apiculture, National Institute of Agricultural Sciences, Wanju 55365, Republic of Korea
| | - Sanguine Byun
- Department of Biotechnology, Yonsei University, Seoul 03722, Republic of Korea.
| | - Ji Yeon Kim
- Department of Food Science and Technology, Seoul National University of Science and Technology, Seoul 01811, Republic of Korea.
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Baloghová J, Michalková R, Baranová Z, Mojžišová G, Fedáková Z, Mojžiš J. Spice-Derived Phenolic Compounds: Potential for Skin Cancer Prevention and Therapy. Molecules 2023; 28:6251. [PMID: 37687080 PMCID: PMC10489044 DOI: 10.3390/molecules28176251] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2023] [Revised: 08/20/2023] [Accepted: 08/23/2023] [Indexed: 09/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Skin cancer is a condition characterized by the abnormal growth of skin cells, primarily caused by exposure to ultraviolet (UV) radiation from the sun or artificial sources like tanning beds. Different types of skin cancer include melanoma, basal cell carcinoma, and squamous cell carcinoma. Despite the advancements in targeted therapies, there is still a need for a safer, highly efficient approach to preventing and treating cutaneous malignancies. Spices have a rich history dating back thousands of years and are renowned for their ability to enhance the flavor, taste, and color of food. Derived from various plant parts like seeds, fruits, bark, roots, or flowers, spices are important culinary ingredients. However, their value extends beyond the culinary realm. Some spices contain bioactive compounds, including phenolic compounds, which are known for their significant biological effects. These compounds have attracted attention in scientific research due to their potential health benefits, including their possible role in disease prevention and treatment, such as cancer. This review focuses on examining the potential of spice-derived phenolic compounds as preventive or therapeutic agents for managing skin cancers. By compiling and analyzing the available knowledge, this review aims to provide insights that can guide future research in identifying new anticancer phytochemicals and uncovering additional mechanisms for combating skin cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Janette Baloghová
- Department of Dermatovenerology, Faculty of Medicine, Pavol Jozef Šafárik University, 040 01 Košice, Slovakia; (J.B.); (Z.B.); (Z.F.)
| | - Radka Michalková
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, Pavol Jozef Šafárik University, 040 01 Kosice, Slovakia;
| | - Zuzana Baranová
- Department of Dermatovenerology, Faculty of Medicine, Pavol Jozef Šafárik University, 040 01 Košice, Slovakia; (J.B.); (Z.B.); (Z.F.)
| | - Gabriela Mojžišová
- Center of Clinical and Preclinical Research MEDIPARK, Faculty of Medicine, Pavol Jozef Šafárik University, 040 01 Kosice, Slovakia;
| | - Zuzana Fedáková
- Department of Dermatovenerology, Faculty of Medicine, Pavol Jozef Šafárik University, 040 01 Košice, Slovakia; (J.B.); (Z.B.); (Z.F.)
| | - Ján Mojžiš
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, Pavol Jozef Šafárik University, 040 01 Kosice, Slovakia;
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4
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Agrez M, Rybchyn MS, De Silva WGM, Mason RS, Chandler C, Piva TJ, Thurecht K, Fletcher N, Liu F, Subramaniam G, Howard CB, Blyth B, Parker S, Turner D, Rzepecka J, Knox G, Nika A, Hall A, Gooding H, Gallagher L. An immunomodulating peptide to counteract solar radiation-induced immunosuppression and DNA damage. Sci Rep 2023; 13:11702. [PMID: 37474630 PMCID: PMC10359417 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-38890-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2022] [Accepted: 07/17/2023] [Indexed: 07/22/2023] Open
Abstract
Ultraviolet radiation (UVR) induces immunosuppression and DNA damage, both of which contribute to the rising global incidence of skin cancer including melanoma. Nucleotide excision repair, which is activated upon UVR-induced DNA damage, is linked to expression of interleukin-12 (IL-12) which serves to limit immunosuppression and augment the DNA repair process. Herein, we report an immunomodulating peptide, designated IK14800, that not only elicits secretion of IL-12, interleukin-2 (IL-2) and interferon-gamma (IFN-γ) but also reduces DNA damage in the skin following exposure to UVR. Combined with re-invigoration of exhausted CD4+ T cells, inhibition of UVR-induced MMP-1 release and suppression of B16F10 melanoma metastases, IK14800 offers an opportunity to gain further insight into mechanisms underlying the development and progression of skin cancers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael Agrez
- InterK Peptide Therapeutics Limited, Sydney, NSW, Australia.
- Australian Institute for Bioengineering and Nanotechnology and the ARC Training Centre for Innovation in Biomedical Imaging Technologies, University of Queensland, Brisbane, Australia.
| | - Mark Stephen Rybchyn
- School of Medical Sciences and Bosch Institute, University of Sydney, Sydney, Australia
| | | | - Rebecca Sara Mason
- School of Medical Sciences and Bosch Institute, University of Sydney, Sydney, Australia
- Charles Perkins Centre and School of Life and Environmental Sciences, University of Sydney, Sydney, Australia
| | | | - Terrence J Piva
- Health and Biomedical Sciences, RMIT University, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Kristofer Thurecht
- Centre for Advanced Imaging, University of Queensland, Brisbane, Australia
- Australian Institute for Bioengineering and Nanotechnology and the ARC Training Centre for Innovation in Biomedical Imaging Technologies, University of Queensland, Brisbane, Australia
| | - Nicholas Fletcher
- Centre for Advanced Imaging, University of Queensland, Brisbane, Australia
- Australian Institute for Bioengineering and Nanotechnology and the ARC Training Centre for Innovation in Biomedical Imaging Technologies, University of Queensland, Brisbane, Australia
| | - Feifei Liu
- Centre for Advanced Imaging, University of Queensland, Brisbane, Australia
- Australian Institute for Bioengineering and Nanotechnology and the ARC Training Centre for Innovation in Biomedical Imaging Technologies, University of Queensland, Brisbane, Australia
| | - Gayathri Subramaniam
- Centre for Advanced Imaging, University of Queensland, Brisbane, Australia
- Australian Institute for Bioengineering and Nanotechnology and the ARC Training Centre for Innovation in Biomedical Imaging Technologies, University of Queensland, Brisbane, Australia
| | - Christopher B Howard
- Centre for Advanced Imaging, University of Queensland, Brisbane, Australia
- Australian Institute for Bioengineering and Nanotechnology and the ARC Training Centre for Innovation in Biomedical Imaging Technologies, University of Queensland, Brisbane, Australia
| | - Benjamin Blyth
- Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre and Sir Peter MacCallum Department of Oncology at the University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Stephen Parker
- InterK Peptide Therapeutics Limited, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | | | | | - Gavin Knox
- Concept Life Sciences Limited, Edinburgh, Scotland
| | | | - Andrew Hall
- Concept Life Sciences Limited, Edinburgh, Scotland
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Gopinatha Pillai MS, Aiswarya SU, Keerthana CK, Rayginia TP, Anto RJ. Targeting receptor tyrosine kinase signaling: Avenues in the management of cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma. iScience 2023; 26:106816. [PMID: 37235052 PMCID: PMC10206193 DOI: 10.1016/j.isci.2023.106816] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Non-melanoma skin cancer (NMSC) is the most frequently diagnosed cancer worldwide. Among the various types of NMSCs, cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma (cSCC) exhibits more aggressive phenotype and is also the second-most prevalent type. Receptor tyrosine kinases (RTK) triggers key signaling events that play critical roles in the development of various cancers including cSCC. Unsurprisingly, for this reason, this family of proteins has become the cynosure of anti-cancer drug discovery pipelines and is also being considered as attractive targets against cSCC. Though inhibition of RTKs in cSCC has yielded favourable results, there is still scope for bettering the therapeutic outcome. In this review, we discuss the relevance of RTK signaling in the progression of cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma, and observations from clinical trials that used RTK inhibitors against cSCC. Backed by results from preclinical studies, including those from our lab, we also give insights into the scope of using some natural products as effective suppressors of RTK signaling and skin carcinogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Sreekumar U. Aiswarya
- Division of Cancer Research, Rajiv Gandhi Centre for Biotechnology, Thiruvananthapuram, Kerala, India
| | - Chenicheri K. Keerthana
- Division of Cancer Research, Rajiv Gandhi Centre for Biotechnology, Thiruvananthapuram, Kerala, India
| | - Tennyson P. Rayginia
- Division of Cancer Research, Rajiv Gandhi Centre for Biotechnology, Thiruvananthapuram, Kerala, India
| | - Ruby John Anto
- Division of Cancer Research, Rajiv Gandhi Centre for Biotechnology, Thiruvananthapuram, Kerala, India
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6
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Jeong JH, Park HJ, Chi GY, Choi YH, Park SH. An Ethanol Extract of Perilla frutescens Leaves Suppresses Adrenergic Agonist-Induced Metastatic Ability of Cancer Cells by Inhibiting Src-Mediated EMT. Molecules 2023; 28:molecules28083414. [PMID: 37110648 PMCID: PMC10141214 DOI: 10.3390/molecules28083414] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/10/2023] [Revised: 04/07/2023] [Accepted: 04/11/2023] [Indexed: 04/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Previous studies have indicated that the adrenergic receptor signaling pathway plays a fundamental role in chronic stress-induced cancer metastasis. In this study, we investigated whether an ethanol extract of Perilla frutescens leaves (EPF) traditionally used to treat stress-related symptoms by moving Qi could regulate the adrenergic agonist-induced metastatic ability of cancer cells. Our results show that adrenergic agonists including norepinephrine (NE), epinephrine (E), and isoproterenol (ISO) increased migration and invasion of MDA-MB-231 human breast cancer cells and Hep3B human hepatocellular carcinoma cells. However, such increases were completely abrogated by EPF treatment. E/NE induced downregulation of E-cadherin and upregulation of N-cadherin, Snail, and Slug. Such effects were clearly reversed by pretreatment with EPF, suggesting that the antimetastatic activity of EPF could be related to epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) regulation. EPF suppressed E/NE-stimulated Src phosphorylation. Inhibition of Src kinase activity with dasatinib completely suppressed the E/NE-induced EMT process. Transfecting MDA-MB-231 cells with constitutively activated Src (SrcY527F) diminished the antimigration effect of EPF. Taken together, our results demonstrate that EPF can suppress the adrenergic agonist-promoted metastatic ability of cancer cells by inhibiting Src-mediated EMT. This study provides basic evidence supporting the probable use of EPF to prevent metastasis in cancer patients, especially those under chronic stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jae-Hoon Jeong
- Department of Pathology, College of Korean Medicine, Dong-eui University, Busan 47227, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyun-Ji Park
- Department of Pathology, College of Korean Medicine, Dong-eui University, Busan 47227, Republic of Korea
| | - Gyoo-Yong Chi
- Department of Pathology, College of Korean Medicine, Dong-eui University, Busan 47227, Republic of Korea
| | - Yung-Hyun Choi
- Department of Biochemistry, College of Korean Medicine, Dong-eui University, Busan 47227, Republic of Korea
| | - Shin-Hyung Park
- Department of Pathology, College of Korean Medicine, Dong-eui University, Busan 47227, Republic of Korea
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7
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McCarty MF, Benzvi C, Vojdani A, Lerner A. Nutraceutical strategies for alleviation of UVB phototoxicity. Exp Dermatol 2023. [PMID: 36811352 DOI: 10.1111/exd.14777] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/14/2022] [Revised: 02/11/2023] [Accepted: 02/17/2023] [Indexed: 02/24/2023]
Abstract
Ultraviolet B exposure to keratinocytes promotes carcinogenesis by inducing pyrimidine dimer lesions in DNA, suppressing the nucleotide excision repair mechanism required to fix them, inhibiting the apoptosis required for the elimination of initiated cells, and driving cellular proliferation. Certain nutraceuticals - most prominently spirulina, soy isoflavones, long-chain omega-3 fatty acids, the green tea catechin epigallocatechin gallate (EGCG) and Polypodium leucotomos extract - have been shown to oppose photocarcinogenesis, as well as sunburn and photoaging, in UVB-exposed hairless mice. It is proposed that spirulina provides protection in this regard via phycocyanobilin-mediated inhibition of Nox1-dependent NADPH oxidase; that soy isoflavones do so by opposing NF-κB transcriptional activity via oestrogen receptor-beta; that the benefit of eicosapentaenoic acid reflects decreased production of prostaglandin E2; and that EGCG counters UVB-mediated phototoxicity via inhibition of the epidermal growth factor receptor. The prospects for practical nutraceutical down-regulation of photocarcinogenesis, sunburn, and photoaging appear favourable.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mark F McCarty
- Catalytic Longevity Foundation, San Diego, California, USA
| | - Carina Benzvi
- Chaim Sheba Medical Center, The Zabludowicz Research Center for Autoimmune Diseases, Tel Hashomer, Israel
| | | | - Aaron Lerner
- Chaim Sheba Medical Center, The Zabludowicz Research Center for Autoimmune Diseases, Tel Hashomer, Israel.,Ariel University, Ariel, Israel
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8
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Yoon JH, Kim MY, Cho JY. Apigenin: A Therapeutic Agent for Treatment of Skin Inflammatory Diseases and Cancer. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24021498. [PMID: 36675015 PMCID: PMC9861958 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24021498] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/25/2022] [Revised: 01/08/2023] [Accepted: 01/10/2023] [Indexed: 01/13/2023] Open
Abstract
The skin is the main barrier between the body and the environment, protecting it from external oxidative stress induced by ultraviolet rays. It also prevents the entrance of infectious agents such as viruses, external antigens, allergens, and bacteria into our bodies. An overreaction to these agents causes severe skin diseases, including atopic dermatitis, pruritus, psoriasis, skin cancer, and vitiligo. Members of the flavonoid family include apigenin, quercetin, luteolin, and kaempferol. Of these, apigenin has been used as a dietary supplement due to its various biological activities and has been shown to reduce skin inflammation by downregulating various inflammatory markers and molecular targets. In this review, we deal with current knowledge about inflammatory reactions in the skin and the molecular mechanisms by which apigenin reduces skin inflammation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ji Hye Yoon
- Department of Biocosmetics, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon 16419, Republic of Korea
| | - Mi-Yeon Kim
- School of Systems Biomedical Science, Soongsil University, Seoul 06978, Republic of Korea
- Correspondence: (M.-Y.K.); (J.Y.C.); Tel.: +82-2-820-0458 (M.-Y.K.); +82-31-290-7868 (J.Y.C.)
| | - Jae Youl Cho
- Department of Biocosmetics, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon 16419, Republic of Korea
- Department of Integrative Biotechnology, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon 16419, Republic of Korea
- Correspondence: (M.-Y.K.); (J.Y.C.); Tel.: +82-2-820-0458 (M.-Y.K.); +82-31-290-7868 (J.Y.C.)
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9
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Majma Sanaye P, Mojaveri MR, Ahmadian R, Sabet Jahromi M, Bahramsoltani R. Apigenin and its dermatological applications: A comprehensive review. PHYTOCHEMISTRY 2022; 203:113390. [PMID: 35998830 DOI: 10.1016/j.phytochem.2022.113390] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/13/2022] [Revised: 08/14/2022] [Accepted: 08/15/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Apigenin is one of the abundant flavonoids in fruits and vegetables of human diet with several demonstrated health benefits. The aim of the present study is to provide an overview of the current evidence regarding the effect of apigenin on different dermatological complications. Electronic databases including PubMed, Scopus, and Web of Science were searched to retrieve all papers assessing the dermatological effects of apigenin. Preclinical studies support beneficial effects of apigenin on UV-induced skin damage, vitiligo, dermatitis, wounds, skin aging, and some types of skin cancer. The compound mostly acts via inhibition of inflammation through suppression of pro-inflammatory cytokines and intracellular inflammatory mediators, as well as antioxidant properties such as improvement of endogenous antioxidant defense mechanisms. There are also some studies for the design and development of novel drug delivery systems for apigenin to improve its oral and topical bioavailability. Nevertheless, no clinical study has evaluated apigenin as a natural supplement for skin conditions. Considering the benefits of apigenin in preclinical models of dermatological disorders, as well as the acceptable safety of this compound, apigenin may be a future candidate to be used in dermatological disorders. Future clinical studies are needed to further confirm the safety and efficacy of apigenin in skin care products.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Mohammad Reza Mojaveri
- Student Research Committee, Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, Sari, Iran; USERN Office, Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, Sari, Iran
| | - Roohollah Ahmadian
- Department of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmacy, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran; Department of Pharmaceutics, Faculty of Pharmacy, Baqiyatallah University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mehdi Sabet Jahromi
- Department of Agriculture, Medicinal Plants and Drugs Research Institute, Shahid Beheshti University, Tehran 1983969411, Iran
| | - Roodabeh Bahramsoltani
- Department of Traditional Pharmacy, School of Persian Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran; PhytoPharmacology Interest Group (PPIG), Universal Scientific Education and Research Network (USERN), Tehran, Iran.
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10
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Wang X, Cao Y, Chen S, Lin J, Yang X, Huang D. Structure-Activity Relationship (SAR) of Flavones on Their Anti-Inflammatory Activity in Murine Macrophages in Culture through the NF-κB Pathway and c-Src Kinase Receptor. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2022; 70:8788-8798. [PMID: 35816492 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.2c03050] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Flavones benefit human health through their anti-inflammatory activity; however, their structure-activity relationship is unclear. Herein, we selected 15 flavones with the same backbone but different substituents and systematically assessed their anti-inflammatory activities in RAW 264.7 regarding cellular-Src kinase (c-Src) affinity, suppression of IκBα phosphorylation, inhibition of nitric oxide (NO) and inducible nitric oxidase (iNOS) production, and downregulation of genes of proinflammatory cytokines interleukin 6 (IL-6), interleukin 1β (IL-1β), and tumor necrosis factor α (TNF-α). Overall, our results showed that the double bond between C2-C3 and C3'- and C4'-OH promoted anti-inflammatory activity, while C8- and C5'-OH and the methoxy group on C4' attenuated the overall anti-inflammatory and antioxidant activities. The hydroxyl groups at other positions exhibited more complicated functions. The two most effective flavones are 3',4'-dihydroxyflavone and luteolin with inhibitory concentration (IC50) values for inhibiting the LPS-induced nitric oxide level are 9.61 ± 1.36 and 16.90 ± 0.74 μM, respectively. Furthermore, they suppressed the production of iNOS by approximately 90% and inhibited IL-1β and IL-6 by more than 95%. Taken together, our results established a relationship between the flavone structure and anti-inflammatory activity in vitro.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiang Wang
- Department of Food Science and Technology, National University of Singapore, 2 Science Drive 2, Singapore 117542
| | - Yujia Cao
- Department of Food Science and Technology, National University of Singapore, 2 Science Drive 2, Singapore 117542
| | - Siyu Chen
- Department of Food Science and Technology, National University of Singapore, 2 Science Drive 2, Singapore 117542
| | - Jiachen Lin
- Department of Food Science and Technology, National University of Singapore, 2 Science Drive 2, Singapore 117542
| | - Xin Yang
- Department of Food Science and Technology, National University of Singapore, 2 Science Drive 2, Singapore 117542
| | - Dejian Huang
- Department of Food Science and Technology, National University of Singapore, 2 Science Drive 2, Singapore 117542
- National University of Singapore (Suzhou) Research Institute, 377 Linquan Street, Suzhou, Jiangsu 215123, China
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11
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Kim JG, Kang HY, Kim MJ, Lim S, Lee CJ, Kim KM, Jung SK. 4-phenylpyridine suppresses UVB-induced skin inflammation by targeting c-Src in vitro and in vivo. J Cell Mol Med 2022; 26:3891-3901. [PMID: 35686492 PMCID: PMC9279582 DOI: 10.1111/jcmm.17422] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2021] [Revised: 05/11/2022] [Accepted: 05/20/2022] [Indexed: 11/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Acute or repetitive exposure to ultraviolet (UV) cause disruptions to the skin barrier and subsequent inflammatory skin disease. 4‐phenylpyridine (4‐PP) is a constituent of Brassica campestris L. ssp. Pekinensis and its effect on skin inflammation and molecular target remain unclear. The purpose of this study is to confirm the anti‐inflammatory efficacy of 4‐PP on UVB‐induced skin inflammation in human keratinocytes HaCaT and mouse skin and validation of its molecular target. 4‐PP also attenuated UVB‐induced phosphorylation of p38/mitogen‐activated protein kinase kinase (MKK) 3/6, c‐Jun N‐terminal kinase 1/2, MKK 4/7, extracellular‐signal‐regulated kinase 1/2, mitogen‐activated protein kinase 1/2. Additionally, 4‐PP inhibited UVB‐induced phosphorylation of epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) Y1068, Y1045 and 854 residues but not the proto‐oncogene tyrosine‐protein kinase c‐Src. Drug affinity responsive target stability assay revealed that 4‐PP directly binds to c‐Src and inhibits pronase c‐proteolysis. Knockdown of c‐Src inhibited UVB‐induced COX‐2 expression and phosphorylation of MAPKs and EGFR in HaCaT cells. Dorsal treatment of 4‐PP prevented UVB (0.5 J/cm2)‐induced skin thickness, phosphorylation of EGFR and COX‐2 expression in mouse skin. Our findings suggest that 4‐PP can be used as anti‐inflammatory agent with an effect of skin inflammation by inhibiting the COX‐2 expression via suppressing the c‐Src/EGFR/MAPKs signalling pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ju Gyeong Kim
- School of Food Science and Biotechnology, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, Korea
| | - Ha Yeong Kang
- School of Food Science and Biotechnology, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, Korea
| | - Min Jeong Kim
- School of Food Science and Biotechnology, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, Korea
| | - Seokwon Lim
- Department of Food Science and Biotechnology, Gachon University, Seongnam-si, Gyeonggi-do, Korea
| | - Chang Joo Lee
- Department of Food Science and Biotechnology, Wonkwang University, Iksan, Korea
| | - Kyung-Min Kim
- School of Applied Biosciences, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, Korea
| | - Sung Keun Jung
- School of Food Science and Biotechnology, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, Korea.,Research Institute of Tailored Food Technology, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, Korea
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12
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ZHANG BY, ZHENG YF, ZHAO J, KANG D, WANG Z, XU LJ, LIU AL, DU GH. Identification of multi-target anti-cancer agents from TCM formula by in silico prediction and in vitro validation. Chin J Nat Med 2022; 20:332-351. [DOI: 10.1016/s1875-5364(22)60180-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2021] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
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13
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Alkaloids and flavonoids exert protective effects against UVB-induced damage in a 3D skin model using human keratinocytes. RESULTS IN CHEMISTRY 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.rechem.2022.100298] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
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14
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Wang X, Cao Y, Chen S, Lin J, Bian J, Huang D. Anti-Inflammation Activity of Flavones and Their Structure-Activity Relationship. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2021; 69:7285-7302. [PMID: 34160206 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.1c02015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Flavones are an important class of bioactive constituents in foods, and their structural diversity enables them to interact with different targets. In particular, flavones are known for their anti-inflammatory activity. Herein, we summarized commonly applied in vitro, in vivo, and clinical models in testing anti-inflammatory activity of flavones. The anti-inflammatory structure-activity relationship of flavones was systematically mapped and supported with cross comparisons of that with flavanones, flavanols, and isoflavones. Hydroxyl groups (-OH) are indispensable for the anti-inflammatory function of flavones, and -OH at the C-5 and C-4' positions enhance while -OH at the C-6, C-7, C-8, and C-3' positions attenuate their activity. Moreover, the C2-C3 single bond, -OH at the C-3 and B-ring positions undermine flavone aglycones' activity. Most of the flavone aglycones function through NF-κB, MAPK, and JNK-STAT pathways, and their possible cell binding targets are kinase, aryl hydrocarbon receptor (AhR), G-protein coupled receptors, and estrogen receptors. However, the structure and anti-inflammatory activity relationship of flavones were unclear, and further research shall be conducted to close the gap in order to guide development of evidence-based functional foods.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiang Wang
- Department of Food Science and Technology, National University of Singapore, 2 Science Drive 2, Singapore, 117542
| | - Yujia Cao
- Department of Food Science and Technology, National University of Singapore, 2 Science Drive 2, Singapore, 117542
| | - Siyu Chen
- Department of Food Science and Technology, National University of Singapore, 2 Science Drive 2, Singapore, 117542
| | - Jiachen Lin
- Department of Food Science and Technology, National University of Singapore, 2 Science Drive 2, Singapore, 117542
| | - Jinsong Bian
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen 518055, PR China
- National University of Singapore (Suzhou) Research Institute, 377 Linquan Street, Suzhou 215123, PR China
| | - Dejian Huang
- Department of Food Science and Technology, National University of Singapore, 2 Science Drive 2, Singapore, 117542
- National University of Singapore (Suzhou) Research Institute, 377 Linquan Street, Suzhou 215123, PR China
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15
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Li J, Tan G, Cai Y, Liu R, Xiong X, Gu B, He W, Liu B, Ren Q, Wu J, Chi B, Zhang H, Zhao Y, Xu Y, Zou Z, Kang F, Xu K. A novel Apigenin derivative suppresses renal cell carcinoma via directly inhibiting wild-type and mutant MET. Biochem Pharmacol 2021; 190:114620. [PMID: 34043966 DOI: 10.1016/j.bcp.2021.114620] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2021] [Revised: 05/20/2021] [Accepted: 05/20/2021] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
MET, the receptor of hepatocyte growth factor (HGF), is a driving factor in renal cell carcinoma (RCC) and also a proven drug target for cancer treatment. To improve the activity and to investigate the mechanisms of action of Apigenin (APG), novel derivatives of APG with improved properties were synthesized and their activities against Caki-1 human renal cancer cell line were evaluated. It was found that compound 15e exhibited excellent potency against the growth of multiple RCC cell lines including Caki-1, Caki-2 and ACHN and is superior to APG and Crizotinib. Subsequent investigations demonstrated that compound 15e can inhibit Caki-1 cell proliferation, migration and invasion. Mechanistically, 15e directly targeted the MET kinase domain, decreased its auto-phosphorylation at Y1234/Y1235 and inhibited its kinase activity and downstream signaling. Importantly, 15e had inhibitory activity against mutant MET V1238I and Y1248H which were resistant to approved MET inhibitors Cabozantinib, Crizotinib or Capmatinib. In vivo tumor graft study confirmed that 15e repressed RCC growth through inhibition of MET activation. These results indicate that compound 15e has the potential to be developed as a treatment for RCC, and especially against drug-resistant MET mutations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing Li
- Xiangya School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Central South University, Changsha 410013, China
| | - Guishan Tan
- Xiangya School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Central South University, Changsha 410013, China; Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha 410008, China
| | - Yabo Cai
- State Key Laboratory of Anti-Infective Drug Development, Sunshine Lake Pharma Co. Ltd, Dongguan 523871, China
| | - Ruihuan Liu
- Xiangya School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Central South University, Changsha 410013, China; Zhuzhou Qianjin Pharmaceutical Co. Ltd, Zhuzhou, 412007, China
| | - Xiaolin Xiong
- State Key Laboratory of Anti-Infective Drug Development, Sunshine Lake Pharma Co. Ltd, Dongguan 523871, China
| | - Baohua Gu
- State Key Laboratory of Anti-Infective Drug Development, Sunshine Lake Pharma Co. Ltd, Dongguan 523871, China
| | - Wei He
- State Key Laboratory of Anti-Infective Drug Development, Sunshine Lake Pharma Co. Ltd, Dongguan 523871, China
| | - Bing Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Anti-Infective Drug Development, Sunshine Lake Pharma Co. Ltd, Dongguan 523871, China
| | - Qingyun Ren
- State Key Laboratory of Anti-Infective Drug Development, Sunshine Lake Pharma Co. Ltd, Dongguan 523871, China
| | - Jianping Wu
- Xiangya School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Central South University, Changsha 410013, China
| | - Bo Chi
- State Key Laboratory of Anti-Infective Drug Development, Sunshine Lake Pharma Co. Ltd, Dongguan 523871, China
| | - Hang Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Anti-Infective Drug Development, Sunshine Lake Pharma Co. Ltd, Dongguan 523871, China
| | - Yanzhong Zhao
- The Third Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha 410013, China
| | - Yangrui Xu
- Xiangya School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Central South University, Changsha 410013, China
| | - Zhenxing Zou
- Xiangya School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Central South University, Changsha 410013, China
| | - Fenghua Kang
- Xiangya School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Central South University, Changsha 410013, China
| | - Kangping Xu
- Xiangya School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Central South University, Changsha 410013, China.
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16
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Chiu LY, Wu NL, Hung CF, Bai P, Dai YS, Lin WW. PARP-1 involves in UVB-induced inflammatory response in keratinocytes and skin injury via regulation of ROS-dependent EGFR transactivation and p38 signaling. FASEB J 2021; 35:e21393. [PMID: 33570794 DOI: 10.1096/fj.202002285rr] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/08/2020] [Revised: 01/06/2021] [Accepted: 01/07/2021] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
Abstract
UV irradiation can injure the epidermis, resulting in sunburn, inflammation, and cutaneous tissue disorders. Previous studies demonstrate that EGFR in keratinocytes can be activated by UVB and contributes to inflammation. Poly (ADP-ribose) polymerase-1 (PARP-1) is a nuclear enzyme and plays an essential role in DNA repair under moderate stress. In this study, we set out to understand how PARP-1 regulates UVB irradiation-induced skin injury and interplays with EGFR to mediate the inflammation response. We found that PARP-1 deficiency exacerbated the UVB-induced inflammation, water loss, and back skin damage in mice. In human primary keratinocytes, UVB can activate PARP-1 and enhance DNA damage upon PARP-1 gene silencing. Moreover, PARP-1 silencing and PARP inhibitor olaparib can suppress UVB-induced COX-2 and MMP-1 expression, but enhance TNF-α and IL-8 expression. In addition, EGFR silencing or EGFR inhibition by gefitinib can decrease UVB-induced COX-2, TNF-α, and IL-8 expression, suggesting EGFR activation via paracrine action can mediate UVB-induced inflammation responses. Immunoblotting data revealed that PARP-1 inhibition decreases UVB-induced EGFR and p38 activation. Pharmacological inhibition of p38 also dramatically led to the attenuation of UVB-induced inflammatory gene expression. Of note, genetic ablation of PARP-1 or EGFR can attenuate UVB-induced ROS production, and antioxidant NAC can attenuate UVB-induced EGFR-p38 signaling axis and PARP-1 activation. These data suggest the regulatory loops among EGFR, PARP-1, and ROS upon UVB stress. PARP-1 not only serves DNA repair function but also orchestrates interactions to EGFR transactivation and ROS production, leading to p38 signaling for inflammatory gene expression in keratinocytes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ling-Ya Chiu
- Department of Pharmacology, College of Medicine, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan.,Department of Medical Research, MacKay Memorial Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Nan-Lin Wu
- Department of Medicine, MacKay Medical College, New Taipei City, Taiwan.,Department of Dermatology, MacKay Memorial Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Chi-Feng Hung
- School of Medicine, Fu Jen Catholic University, New Taipei City, Taiwan
| | - Péter Bai
- Department of Medical Chemistry, Faculty of Medicine, University of Debrecen, Debrecen, Hungary.,MTA-DE Lendület Laboratory of Cellular Metabolism, Debrecen, Hungary.,Research Center for Molecular Medicine, University of Debrecen, Debrecen, Hungary
| | - Yang-Shia Dai
- Department of Dermatology, National Taiwan University Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Wan-Wan Lin
- Department of Pharmacology, College of Medicine, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan.,Department and Graduate Institute of Pharmacology, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei, Taiwan.,Graduate Institute of Medical Sciences, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
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17
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Kaleem M, Alhosin M, Khan K, Ahmad W, Hosawi S, Nur SM, Choudhry H, Zamzami MA, Al-Abbasi FA, Javed MDN. Epigenetic Basis of Polyphenols in Cancer Prevention and Therapy. POLYPHENOLS-BASED NANOTHERAPEUTICS FOR CANCER MANAGEMENT 2021:189-238. [DOI: 10.1007/978-981-16-4935-6_6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/16/2024]
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18
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De Maesschalck V, Gutiérrez D, Paeshuyse J, Lavigne R, Briers Y. Advanced engineering of third-generation lysins and formulation strategies for clinical applications. Crit Rev Microbiol 2020; 46:548-564. [PMID: 32886565 DOI: 10.1080/1040841x.2020.1809346] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
One of the possible solutions for the current antibiotic resistance crisis may be found in (often bacteriophage-derived) peptidoglycan hydrolases. The first clinical trials of these natural enzymes, coined here as first-generation lysins, are currently ongoing. Moving beyond natural endolysins with protein engineering established the second generation of lysins. In second-generation lysins, the focus lies on improving antibacterial and biochemical properties such as antimicrobial activity and stability, as well as expanding their activities towards Gram-negative pathogens. However, solutions to particular key challenges regarding clinical applications are only beginning to emerge in the third generation of lysins, in which protein and biochemical engineering efforts focus on improving properties relevant under clinical conditions. In addition, increasingly advanced formulation strategies are developed to increase the bioavailability, antibacterial activity, and half-life, and to reduce pro-inflammatory responses. This review focuses on third-generation and advanced formulation strategies that are developed to treat infections, ranging from topical to systemic applications. Together, these efforts may fully unlock the potential of lysin therapy and will propel it as a true antibiotic alternative or supplement.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vincent De Maesschalck
- Department of Biosystems, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium.,Department of Biotechnology, Ghent University, Gent, Belgium
| | - Diana Gutiérrez
- Department of Biotechnology, Ghent University, Gent, Belgium
| | - Jan Paeshuyse
- Department of Biosystems, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Rob Lavigne
- Department of Biosystems, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Yves Briers
- Department of Biotechnology, Ghent University, Gent, Belgium
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19
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Apigenin Modulates Dendritic Cell Activities and Curbs Inflammation Via RelB Inhibition in the Context of Neuroinflammatory Diseases. J Neuroimmune Pharmacol 2020; 16:403-424. [PMID: 32607691 DOI: 10.1007/s11481-020-09933-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/04/2020] [Accepted: 06/11/2020] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
Abstract
Neuroinflammation leads to tissue injury causing many of the clinical symptoms of Multiple Sclerosis, an autoimmune disorder of the central nervous system (CNS). While T cells, specifically Th1 and Th17 cells, are the ultimate effectors of this disease, dendritic cells (DCs) mediate T cell polarization, activation, etc. In our previous study, Apigenin, a natural flavonoid, has been shown to reduce EAE disease severity through amelioration of demyelination in the CNS as well as the sequestering of DCs and other myeloid cells in the periphery. Here, we show that Apigenin exerts its effects possibly through shifting DC modulated T cell responses from Th1 and Th17 type towards Treg directed responses evident through the decrease in T-bet, IFN-γ (Th1), IL-17 (Th17) and increase in IL-10, TGF-β and FoxP3 (Treg) expression in cells from both normal human donors and EAE mice. RelB, an NF-κβ pathway protein is central to DC maturation, its antigen presentation capabilities and DC-mediated T cell activation. Apigenin reduced mRNA and protein levels of RelB and also reduced its nuclear translocation. Additionally, siRNA-mediated silencing of RelB further potentiated the RelB-mediated effects of Apigenin thus confirming its role in Apigenin directed regulation of DC biology. These results provide key information about the molecular events controlled by Apigenin in its regulation of DC activity marking its potential as a therapy for neuroinflammatory disease. Graphical Abstract.
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20
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Yoshihisa Y, Andoh T, Rehman MU, Shimizu T. The regulation of protein kinase casein kinase II by apigenin is involved in the inhibition of ultraviolet B-induced macrophage migration inhibitory factor-mediated hyperpigmentation. Phytother Res 2019; 34:1320-1328. [PMID: 31840901 DOI: 10.1002/ptr.6597] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/17/2019] [Revised: 11/27/2019] [Accepted: 11/30/2019] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
Ultraviolet (UV) radiation elicits melanogenesis and pigmentation in the skin. Apigenin (4',5,7-trihydroxyflavone [AGN]) is a plant flavone contained in various herbs, fruits, and vegetables. We herein investigated antimelanogenic properties of AGN and the molecular mechanisms of the action of AGN. In UVB-treated mice, AGN inhibited cutaneous hyperpigmentation and macrophage migration inhibitory factor (MIF) expression as a melanogenesis-related key factor. In mouse keratinocytes, AGN inhibited the expression of MIF and also the related factors (e.g., stem cell factor and proteinase-activated receptor 2) induced by MIF. In addition to ellagic acid as a casein kinase II (CK2) inhibitor, AGN suppressed CK2 enzymatic activity and UVB-induced CK2 expression and subsequent phosphorylation of IκB and MIF expression. These results suggest that AGN inhibits UVB-induced hyperpigmentation through the regulation of CK2-mediated MIF expression in keratinocytes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yoko Yoshihisa
- Department of Dermatology, Graduate School of Medicine and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Toyama, Toyama, Japan
| | - Tsugunobu Andoh
- Department of Applied Pharmacology, Graduate School of Medicine and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Toyama, Toyama, Japan
| | - Mati Ur Rehman
- Department of Radiology, Graduate School of Medicine and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Toyama, Toyama, Japan
| | - Tadamichi Shimizu
- Department of Dermatology, Graduate School of Medicine and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Toyama, Toyama, Japan
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21
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Asemani Y, Zamani N, Bayat M, Amirghofran Z. Allium vegetables for possible future of cancer treatment. Phytother Res 2019; 33:3019-3039. [DOI: 10.1002/ptr.6490] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/21/2019] [Revised: 07/29/2019] [Accepted: 08/10/2019] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Yahya Asemani
- Department of ImmunologyShiraz University of Medical Sciences Shiraz Iran
| | - Nasrindokht Zamani
- Research Center for Persian Medicine and History MedicineShiraz University of Medical Sciences Shiraz Iran
| | - Maryam Bayat
- Department of ImmunologyShiraz University of Medical Sciences Shiraz Iran
| | - Zahra Amirghofran
- Department of ImmunologyShiraz University of Medical Sciences Shiraz Iran
- Autoimmune Diseases Research CenterShiraz University of Medical Sciences Shiraz Iran
- Medicinal and Natural Products Chemistry Research CenterShiraz University of Medical Sciences Shiraz Iran
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22
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Dos Santos DS, Barreto RDSS, Serafini MR, Gouveia DN, Marques RS, Nascimento LDC, Nascimento JDC, Guimarães AG. Phytomedicines containing Matricaria species for the treatment of skin diseases: A biotechnological approach. Fitoterapia 2019; 138:104267. [PMID: 31319107 DOI: 10.1016/j.fitote.2019.104267] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/07/2019] [Revised: 07/11/2019] [Accepted: 07/12/2019] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
Skin diseases have a notable impact on the life of the affected and in their health conditions. In order to allow a more effective and economical treatment for such disorders, new therapeutic approaches have been continuously investigated. Due to its high therapeutic and phytochemical potential, Matricaria species emerges as a pleasant alternative, since it is an important source of bioactive secondary metabolites suitable for the treatment of varied skin diseases. Therefore, this review aimed to catalog inventions that have used Matricaria species as the active component for skin disease treatment in order to assess the status of the technological development of the fitomedicines. For this, a search of patents was performed in four specialized patent database, which have reported the discovery of pharmaceutical bioproducts that used Matricaria species in its composition for skin treatment. Therefore, it is possible to notice that the pharmaceutical industry has driven efforts and investment to produce medicines for the dermatopathies, using species of this genus as an active principle. Besides, a trend of growth has been identified for the last years, which is accompanied by the continuous publication of scientific articles on the subject. It is known that a long journey is traversed between the scientific findings and their applications in the pharmaceutical market, creating the perspective that new Matricaria-based medicines may reach the pharmaceutical market in the coming years.
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Affiliation(s)
- Damaris Silva Dos Santos
- Programa de Pós-graduação em Ciências Aplicadas à Saúde, Universidade Federal de Sergipe, Lagarto, Sergipe, Brazil
| | - Rosana de Souza Siqueira Barreto
- Programa de Pós-graduação em Ciências Aplicadas à Saúde, Universidade Federal de Sergipe, Lagarto, Sergipe, Brazil; Departmento de Educação em Saúde, Universidade Federal de Sergipe, Lagarto, Sergipe, Brazil
| | - Mairim Russo Serafini
- Departmento de Farmácia, Universidade Federal de Sergipe, São Cristóvão, Sergipe, Brazil
| | - Daniele Nascimento Gouveia
- Programa de Pós-graduação em Ciências Aplicadas à Saúde, Universidade Federal de Sergipe, Lagarto, Sergipe, Brazil
| | - Raquel Souza Marques
- Programa de Pós-graduação em Ciências Odontológicas, Universidade do Estado de São Paulo, Araraquara, São Paulo, Brazil
| | | | | | - Adriana Gibara Guimarães
- Programa de Pós-graduação em Ciências Aplicadas à Saúde, Universidade Federal de Sergipe, Lagarto, Sergipe, Brazil; Departmento de Educação em Saúde, Universidade Federal de Sergipe, Lagarto, Sergipe, Brazil.
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23
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Lee M, Nam TG, Lee I, Shin EJ, Han A, Lee P, Lee S, Lim T. Skin anti-inflammatory activity of rose petal extract ( Rosa gallica) through reduction of MAPK signaling pathway. Food Sci Nutr 2018; 6:2560-2567. [PMID: 30510758 PMCID: PMC6261181 DOI: 10.1002/fsn3.870] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/28/2018] [Revised: 10/01/2018] [Accepted: 10/04/2018] [Indexed: 11/08/2022] Open
Abstract
The aim of this study was to investigate the skin anti-inflammatory activity of rose petal extract (RPE) and the mechanisms underlying this phenomenon. Recently, flowers have been considered as dietary resources owing to their biological activities, such as inhibition of nephritis and hemorrhoids. The Rosa plant exerts various biological functions, including antioxidant and anti-microbiological activities. Herein, we confirmed the skin anti-inflammatory activity of RPE upon solar UV (sUV) exposure. RPE reduced sUV-induced COX-2 expression as well as expressions of several cytokines. Activation of MKK4-JNK, MEK-ERK, and MKK3-p38 signaling pathways, which are associated with cytokine production, was also attenuated by RPE treatment. We hypothesized these RPE-induced changes are because of its antioxidant activity, because RPE displayed drastic radical scavenging and oxygen radical absorbance capacity (ORAC). Furthermore, high anthocyanins, polyphenols, and flavonoids contents were found in RPE. Hence, these results indicated the skin anti-inflammatory activity of RPE is because of antioxidant activity.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Inil Lee
- Department of Food Science and BiotechnologyKyung Hee UniversityYonginKorea
| | | | - Ah‐ram Han
- Korea Food Research InstituteWanju‐gunKorea
| | - Pomjoo Lee
- RAFIQ Cosmetics Co., Ltd. 14Jung‐guKorea
| | - Sung‐Young Lee
- Department of Agricultural BiotechnologySeoul National UniversityGwanak‐guKorea
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24
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Mirzoeva S, Tong X, Bridgeman BB, Plebanek MP, Volpert OV. Apigenin Inhibits UVB-Induced Skin Carcinogenesis: The Role of Thrombospondin-1 as an Anti-Inflammatory Factor. Neoplasia 2018; 20:930-942. [PMID: 30118999 PMCID: PMC6098219 DOI: 10.1016/j.neo.2018.07.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/29/2018] [Revised: 07/24/2018] [Accepted: 07/30/2018] [Indexed: 01/30/2023]
Abstract
We have previously demonstrated that apigenin promotes the expression of antiangiogenic protein thrombospondin-1 (TSP1) via a mechanism driven by mRNA-binding protein HuR. Here, we generated a novel mouse model with whole-body THBS-1 gene knockout on SKH-1 genetic background, which allows studies of UVB-induced acute skin damage and carcinogenesis and tests TSP1 involvement in apigenin's anticancer effects. Apigenin significantly inhibited UVB-induced carcinogenesis in the wild-type (WT) animals but not in TSP1 KO (TKO) mice, suggesting that TSP1 is a critical component of apigenin's chemopreventive function in UVB-induced skin cancer. Importantly, TKO mice presented with the elevated cutaneous inflammation at baseline, which was manifested by increased inflammatory infiltrates (neutrophils and macrophages) and elevated levels of the two key inflammatory cytokines, IL-6 and IL-12. In agreement, maintaining normal TSP1 expression in the UVB-irradiated skin of WT mice using topical apigenin application caused a marked decrease of circulating inflammatory cytokines. Finally, TKO mice showed an altered population dynamics of the bone marrow myeloid progenitor cells (CD11b+), with dramatic expansion of the population of neutrophil progenitors (Ly6ClowLy6Ghigh) compared to the WT control. Our results indicate that the cutaneous tumor suppressor TSP1 is a critical mediator of the in vivo anticancer effect of apigenin in skin, specifically of its anti-inflammatory action.
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Affiliation(s)
- Salida Mirzoeva
- Department of Dermatology, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL 60611
| | - Xin Tong
- Department of Pathology, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL 60611.
| | - Bryan B Bridgeman
- Division of Hematology and Oncology, Department of Medicine, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL 60611
| | - Michael P Plebanek
- Department of Urology, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL 60611
| | - Olga V Volpert
- Department of Cancer Biology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77054
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An Ointment Consisting of the Phage Lysin LysGH15 and Apigenin for Decolonization of Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus from Skin Wounds. Viruses 2018; 10:v10050244. [PMID: 29734776 PMCID: PMC5977237 DOI: 10.3390/v10050244] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2018] [Revised: 05/03/2018] [Accepted: 05/04/2018] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Staphylococcus aureus (S. aureus) is a common and dangerous pathogen that causes various infectious diseases. Skin damage, such as burn wounds, are at high risk of Staphylococcus aureus colonization and infection, which increases morbidity and mortality. The phage lysin LysGH15 exhibits highly efficient lytic activity against methicillin-resistant S. aureus (MRSA) and methicillin-susceptible S. aureus (MSSA) strains. Apigenin (api) significantly decreases haemolysis of rabbit erythrocytes caused by S. aureus and shows anti-inflammatory function. LysGH15 and api were added to Aquaphor to form an LysGH15-api-Aquaphor (LAA) ointment. The LAA ointment simultaneously exhibited bactericidal activity against S. aureus and inhibited haemolysis. In an LAA-treated mouse model of an MRSA-infected skin wound, the mean bacterial colony count decreased to approximately 102 CFU/mg at 18 h after treatment (and the bacteria became undetectable at 96 h), whereas the mean count in untreated mice was approximately 105 CFU/mg of tissue. The LAA ointment also reduced the levels of pro-inflammatory cytokines (TNF-α, IL-1β, and IFN-γ) and accelerated wound healing in the mouse model. These data demonstrate the potential efficacy of a combination of LysGH15 and api for use as a topical antimicrobial agent against S. aureus.
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Lee MH, Han AR, Jang M, Choi HK, Lee SY, Kim KT, Lim TG. Antiskin Inflammatory Activity of Black Ginger (Kaempferia parviflora) through Antioxidative Activity. OXIDATIVE MEDICINE AND CELLULAR LONGEVITY 2018; 2018:5967150. [PMID: 29849904 PMCID: PMC5903305 DOI: 10.1155/2018/5967150] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2017] [Revised: 01/16/2018] [Accepted: 02/05/2018] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
Kaempferia parviflora (Krachaidum (KD)) is a traditional herbal medicine and has properties that are beneficial for human health. In the current study, we sought to investigate the anti-inflammatory properties of KD extract (KPE). In mouse skin tissue, UV light representing solar wavelengths (sUV) increased COX-2 expression, while treatment with KPE reduced this effect. The anti-inflammatory activity of KPE was confirmed in in vitro models. MAPK signaling pathways were activated by sUV irradiation, and this was also repressed in the presence of KPE treatment. It is assumed that the anti-inflammatory activity of KPE is caused by the antioxidative effect. Furthermore, we confirmed the critical role of oxidative stress in sUV-induced COX-2 expression. We analyzed the polyphenol composition of KPE. Of the polyphenols identified, gallic acid, apigenin, and tangeretin were identified as the major polyphenols (at 9.31 ± 1.27, 2.37 ± 0.14, and 2.15 ± 0.19 μg/mg dry weight, resp.). Collectively, these findings show that in the presence of sUV irradiation, KD has anti-inflammatory properties and antioxidative effects in the skin.
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Affiliation(s)
- Myung-hee Lee
- Korea Food Research Institute, Wanju-gun, 55365 Jeollabuk-do, Republic of Korea
| | - Ah-Ram Han
- Korea Food Research Institute, Wanju-gun, 55365 Jeollabuk-do, Republic of Korea
| | - Mi Jang
- Korea Food Research Institute, Wanju-gun, 55365 Jeollabuk-do, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyo-Kyoung Choi
- Korea Food Research Institute, Wanju-gun, 55365 Jeollabuk-do, Republic of Korea
| | - Sung-Young Lee
- The Hormel Institute, University of Minnesota, 801 16th Ave NE, Austin, MN 55912, USA
| | - Kyung-Tack Kim
- Korea Food Research Institute, Wanju-gun, 55365 Jeollabuk-do, Republic of Korea
| | - Tae-Gyu Lim
- Korea Food Research Institute, Wanju-gun, 55365 Jeollabuk-do, Republic of Korea
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Shankar E, Goel A, Gupta K, Gupta S. Plant flavone apigenin: An emerging anticancer agent. CURRENT PHARMACOLOGY REPORTS 2017; 3:423-446. [PMID: 29399439 PMCID: PMC5791748 DOI: 10.1007/s40495-017-0113-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 88] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Research in cancer chemoprevention provides convincing evidence that increased intake of vegetables and fruits may reduce the risk of several human malignancies. Phytochemicals present therein provide beneficial anti-inflammatory and antioxidant properties that serve to improve the cellular microenvironment. Compounds known as flavonoids categorized anthocyanidins, flavonols, flavanones, flavonols, flavones, and isoflavones have shown considerable promise as chemopreventive agents. Apigenin (4', 5, 7-trihydroxyflavone), a major plant flavone, possessing antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and anticancer properties affecting several molecular and cellular targets used to treat various human diseases. Epidemiologic and case-control studies have suggested apigenin reduces the risk of certain cancers. Studies demonstrate that apigenin retain potent therapeutic properties alone and/or increases the efficacy of several chemotherapeutic drugs in combination on a variety of human cancers. Apigenin's anticancer effects could also be due to its differential effects in causing minimal toxicity to normal cells with delayed plasma clearance and slow decomposition in liver increasing the systemic bioavailability in pharmacokinetic studies. Here we discuss the anticancer role of apigenin highlighting its potential activity as a chemopreventive and therapeutic agent. We also highlight the current caveats that preclude apigenin for its use in the human trials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eswar Shankar
- Department of Urology, The James and Eilleen Dicke Laboratory, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH 44106, USA
- Department of Urology, The Urology Institute, University Hospitals Cleveland Medical Center, Cleveland, OH 44106, USA
| | - Aditi Goel
- Department of Biology, School of Undergraduate Studies, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH 44106, USA
| | - Karishma Gupta
- Department of Urology, The James and Eilleen Dicke Laboratory, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH 44106, USA
- Department of Urology, The Urology Institute, University Hospitals Cleveland Medical Center, Cleveland, OH 44106, USA
| | - Sanjay Gupta
- Department of Urology, The James and Eilleen Dicke Laboratory, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH 44106, USA
- Department of Urology, The Urology Institute, University Hospitals Cleveland Medical Center, Cleveland, OH 44106, USA
- Department of Nutrition, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH 44106, USA
- Division of General Medical Sciences, Case Comprehensive Cancer Center, Cleveland, OH 44106, USA
- Department of Urology, Louis Stokes Cleveland Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Cleveland, OH 44106, USA
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1,8-cineole prevents UVB-induced skin carcinogenesis by targeting the aryl hydrocarbon receptor. Oncotarget 2017; 8:105995-106008. [PMID: 29285309 PMCID: PMC5739696 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.22519] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2017] [Accepted: 10/30/2017] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
1,8-cineole is a natural monoterpene cyclic ether present in Eucalyptus, and has been reported to exhibit anti-inflammatory and antioxidant effects. However, the preventive effect of 1,8-cineole on skin carcinogenesis and the molecular mechanism of action responsible remains unknown. In the present study, we investigated the effect of 1,8-cineole on UVB-induced skin carcinogenesis. 1,8-cineole inhibited UVB-induced cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) protein and mRNA expression and prostaglandin E2 (PGE2) generation in HaCaT cells. 1,8-cineole also inhibited phosphorylation of extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK) 1/2, and phosphorylation of its upstream kinases, c-Src and epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR). Quantitative real-time RT-PCR (qRT-PCR) and drug affinity responsive target stability (DARTS) assay results showed that 1,8-cineole suppressed UVB-induced expression of a target gene of the aryl hydrocarbon receptor (AhR), cyp1a1, and directly binds to AhR. Knockdown of AhR suppressed COX-2 expression as well as phosphorylation of ERK1/2 in HaCaT cells. Furthermore, topical treatment of 1,8-cineole on mouse skin delayed tumor incidence and reduced tumor numbers, while inhibiting COX-2 expression in vivo. Taken together, these results suggest that 1,8-cineole is a potent chemopreventive agent that inhibits UVB-induced COX-2 expression by targeting AhR to suppress UVB-induced skin carcinogenesis.
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Zhou RJ, Ye H, Wang F, Wang JL, Xie ML. Apigenin inhibits d-galactosamine/LPS-induced liver injury through upregulation of hepatic Nrf-2 and PPARγ expressions in mice. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2017; 493:625-630. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2017.08.141] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/16/2017] [Accepted: 08/24/2017] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
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Wang X, Zhang ZF, Zheng GH, Wang AM, Sun CH, Qin SP, Zhuang J, Lu J, Ma DF, Zheng YL. Attenuation of hepatic steatosis by purple sweet potato colour is associated with blocking Src/ERK/C/EBPβ signalling in high-fat-diet–treated mice. Appl Physiol Nutr Metab 2017. [DOI: 10.1139/apnm-2016-0635] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Our previous work showed that purple sweet potato colour (PSPC), a class of naturally occurring anthocyanins, effectively improved hepatic glucose metabolic dysfunction in high-fat-diet (HFD)–treated mice. This study investigated the effects of PSPC on HFD-induced hepatic steatosis and the signalling events associated with these effects. Mice were divided into 4 groups: control group, HFD group, HFD+PSPC group, and PSPC group. PSPC was administered daily for 20 weeks at oral doses of 700 mg/(kg·day)−1). Our results showed that PSPC significantly improved obesity and related metabolic parameters, as well as liver injury in HFD-treated mice. Moreover, PSPC dramatically attenuated hepatic steatosis in HFD-treated mice. PSPC markedly prevented oxidative stress-mediated Src activation in HFD-treated mouse livers. Furthermore, PSPC feeding remarkably suppressed mitogen-activated protein kinase kinase/extracellular-signal-regulated kinase (MEK/ERK) signalling and consequent CCAAT/enhancer binding protein β (C/EBPβ) activation and restored AMPK activation in HFD-treated mouse livers, which was confirmed by U0126 treatment. Ultimately, PSPC feeding dramatically reduced protein expression of FAS and CD36 and the activation of ACC, and increased the protein expression of CPT1A in the livers of HFD-treated mice, indicating decreased lipogenesis and fatty acid uptake and enhanced fatty acid oxidation. In conclusion, PSPC exhibited beneficial effects on hepatic steatosis, which were associated with blocking Src and C/EBPβ activation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xin Wang
- Key Laboratory for Biotechnology on Medicinal Plants of Jiangsu Province, School of Life Science, Jiangsu Normal University, Xuzhou 221116, Jiangsu Province 221116, PR China
- Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Improvement of Sweetpotato, Ministry of Agriculture, Jiangsu Xuzhou Sweetpotato Research Center, Xuzhou 221131, Jiangsu Province, PR China
| | - Zi-Feng Zhang
- Key Laboratory for Biotechnology on Medicinal Plants of Jiangsu Province, School of Life Science, Jiangsu Normal University, Xuzhou 221116, Jiangsu Province 221116, PR China
| | - Gui-Hong Zheng
- Key Laboratory for Biotechnology on Medicinal Plants of Jiangsu Province, School of Life Science, Jiangsu Normal University, Xuzhou 221116, Jiangsu Province 221116, PR China
| | - Ai-Min Wang
- Key Laboratory for Biotechnology on Medicinal Plants of Jiangsu Province, School of Life Science, Jiangsu Normal University, Xuzhou 221116, Jiangsu Province 221116, PR China
| | - Chun-Hui Sun
- Key Laboratory for Biotechnology on Medicinal Plants of Jiangsu Province, School of Life Science, Jiangsu Normal University, Xuzhou 221116, Jiangsu Province 221116, PR China
| | - Su-Ping Qin
- Key Laboratory for Biotechnology on Medicinal Plants of Jiangsu Province, School of Life Science, Jiangsu Normal University, Xuzhou 221116, Jiangsu Province 221116, PR China
| | - Juan Zhuang
- Key Laboratory for Biotechnology on Medicinal Plants of Jiangsu Province, School of Life Science, Jiangsu Normal University, Xuzhou 221116, Jiangsu Province 221116, PR China
| | - Jun Lu
- Key Laboratory for Biotechnology on Medicinal Plants of Jiangsu Province, School of Life Science, Jiangsu Normal University, Xuzhou 221116, Jiangsu Province 221116, PR China
| | - Dai-Fu Ma
- Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Improvement of Sweetpotato, Ministry of Agriculture, Jiangsu Xuzhou Sweetpotato Research Center, Xuzhou 221131, Jiangsu Province, PR China
| | - Yuan-Lin Zheng
- Key Laboratory for Biotechnology on Medicinal Plants of Jiangsu Province, School of Life Science, Jiangsu Normal University, Xuzhou 221116, Jiangsu Province 221116, PR China
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N-(4-bromophenethyl) Caffeamide Protects Skin from UVB-Induced Inflammation Through MAPK/IL-6/NF-κB-Dependent Signaling in Human Skin Fibroblasts and Hairless Mouse Skin. Molecules 2017; 22:molecules22101639. [PMID: 28961200 PMCID: PMC6151473 DOI: 10.3390/molecules22101639] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2017] [Revised: 09/26/2017] [Accepted: 09/26/2017] [Indexed: 01/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Long-term exposure to ultraviolet (UV) irradiation causes skin inflammation and aging. N-(4-bromophenethyl) caffeamide (K36H) possesses antioxidant and antimelanogenic properties. The present study investigated the effects of K36H on UVB-induced skin inflammation in human skin fibroblasts and hairless mice and evaluated the underlying mechanisms. The in vitro results indicated that K36H reduced UVB-induced mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAP kinase) expression. Furthermore, K36H treatment reduced cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) and inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) protein expression in UVB-irradiated fibroblasts by regulating IκB and nuclear factor-kappa B (NF-κB) expression. In the animal study, topically applied K36H markedly reduced inflammation and skin thickness and prevented photodamage to the skin of hairless mice. In addition, K36H inhibited the levels of UV-upregulated inflammation-related proteins levels such as IL-1, iNOS, and NF-κB in the dermis of hairless mice. Our findings demonstrated the antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties of K36H in human skin fibroblasts and hairless mice. Therefore, K36H can be developed as an antiphotodamage and antiphotoinflammation agent.
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32
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Montes de Oca MK, Pearlman RL, McClees SF, Strickland R, Afaq F. Phytochemicals for the Prevention of Photocarcinogenesis. Photochem Photobiol 2017; 93:956-974. [PMID: 28063168 DOI: 10.1111/php.12711] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/05/2016] [Accepted: 11/03/2016] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Ultraviolet (UV) exposure has an array of damaging effects and is the main cause of skin cancer in humans. Nonmelanoma skin cancer (NMSC), including basal cell carcinoma and squamous cell carcinoma, is the most common type of cancer. Incidence of NMSC has increased due to greater UV radiation, increased life expectancy and other changes in lifestyle; the annual cost of skin cancer treatment in the United States has increased concurrently to around eight billion dollars. Because of these trends, novel approaches to skin cancer prevention have become an important area of research to decrease skin cancer morbidity and defray the costs associated with treatment. Chemoprevention aims to prevent or delay the development of skin cancer through the use of phytochemicals. Use of phytochemicals as chemopreventive agents has gained attention due to their low toxicity and anticarcinogenic properties. Phytochemicals also exhibit antioxidant, anti-inflammatory and antiproliferative effects which support their use as chemopreventive agents, particularly for skin cancer. Preclinical and human studies have shown that phytochemicals decrease UV-induced skin damage and photocarcinogenesis. In this review article, we discuss the selected phytochemicals that may prevent or delay UV-induced carcinogenesis and highlight their potential use for skin protection.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Ross L Pearlman
- Department of Dermatology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL
| | - Sarah F McClees
- Department of Dermatology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL
| | - Rebecca Strickland
- Department of Dermatology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL
| | - Farrukh Afaq
- Department of Dermatology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL.,Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL
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Diet phytochemicals and cutaneous carcinoma chemoprevention: A review. Pharmacol Res 2017; 119:327-346. [PMID: 28242334 DOI: 10.1016/j.phrs.2017.02.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/06/2016] [Revised: 01/25/2017] [Accepted: 02/04/2017] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Cutaneous carcinoma, which has occupied a peculiar place among worldwide populations, is commonly responsible for the considerably increasing morbidity and mortality rates. Currently available medical procedures fail to completely avoid cutaneous carcinoma development or to prevent mortality. Cancer chemoprevention, as an alternative strategy, is being considered to reduce the incidence and burden of cancers through chemical agents. Derived from dietary foods, phytochemicals have become safe and reliable compounds for the chemoprevention of cutaneous carcinoma by relieving multiple pathological processes, including oxidative damage, epigenetic alteration, chronic inflammation, angiogenesis, etc. In this review, we presented comprehensive knowledges, main molecular mechanisms for the initiation and development of cutaneous carcinoma as well as effects of various diet phytochemicals on chemoprevention.
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Wu CC, Fang CY, Cheng YJ, Hsu HY, Chou SP, Huang SY, Tsai CH, Chen JY. Inhibition of Epstein-Barr virus reactivation by the flavonoid apigenin. J Biomed Sci 2017; 24:2. [PMID: 28056971 PMCID: PMC5217310 DOI: 10.1186/s12929-016-0313-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2016] [Accepted: 12/18/2016] [Indexed: 12/03/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Lytic reactivation of EBV has been reported to play an important role in human diseases, including NPC carcinogenesis. Inhibition of EBV reactivation is considered to be of great benefit in the treatment of virus-associated diseases. For this purpose, we screened for inhibitory compounds and found that apigenin, a flavonoid, seemed to have the ability to inhibit EBV reactivation. Methods We performed western blotting, immunofluorescence and luciferase analyses to determine whether apigenin has anti-EBV activity. Results Apigenin inhibited expression of the EBV lytic proteins, Zta, Rta, EAD and DNase in epithelial and B cells. It also reduced the number of EBV-reactivating cells detectable by immunofluorescence analysis. In addition, apigenin has been found to reduce dramatically the production of EBV virions. Luciferase reporter analysis was performed to determine the mechanism by which apigenin inhibits EBV reactivation: apigenin suppressed the activity of the immediate-early (IE) gene Zta and Rta promoters, suggesting it can block initiation of the EBV lytic cycle. Conclusion Taken together, apigenin inhibits EBV reactivation by suppressing the promoter activities of two viral IE genes, suggesting apigenin is a potential dietary compound for prevention of EBV reactivation. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (doi:10.1186/s12929-016-0313-9) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chung-Chun Wu
- National Institute of Cancer Research, National Health Research Institutes, No.35, Keyan Road, Zhunan Miaoli, Miaoli County, Taiwan.
| | - Chih-Yeu Fang
- National Institute of Cancer Research, National Health Research Institutes, No.35, Keyan Road, Zhunan Miaoli, Miaoli County, Taiwan.,Department of Pathology, Wan Fang Hospital, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, 116, Taiwan
| | - Yu-Jhen Cheng
- National Institute of Cancer Research, National Health Research Institutes, No.35, Keyan Road, Zhunan Miaoli, Miaoli County, Taiwan
| | - Hui-Yu Hsu
- National Institute of Cancer Research, National Health Research Institutes, No.35, Keyan Road, Zhunan Miaoli, Miaoli County, Taiwan
| | - Sheng-Ping Chou
- National Institute of Cancer Research, National Health Research Institutes, No.35, Keyan Road, Zhunan Miaoli, Miaoli County, Taiwan
| | - Sheng-Yen Huang
- National Institute of Cancer Research, National Health Research Institutes, No.35, Keyan Road, Zhunan Miaoli, Miaoli County, Taiwan
| | - Ching-Hwa Tsai
- Department of Microbiology, College of Medicine National Health Research Institutes, National Taiwan University, No.35, Keyan Road, Zhunan Town, Miaoli County, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Jen-Yang Chen
- National Institute of Cancer Research, National Health Research Institutes, No.35, Keyan Road, Zhunan Miaoli, Miaoli County, Taiwan. .,Department of Microbiology, College of Medicine National Health Research Institutes, National Taiwan University, No.35, Keyan Road, Zhunan Town, Miaoli County, Taipei, Taiwan.
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Sung B, Chung HY, Kim ND. Role of Apigenin in Cancer Prevention via the Induction of Apoptosis and Autophagy. J Cancer Prev 2016; 21:216-226. [PMID: 28053955 PMCID: PMC5207605 DOI: 10.15430/jcp.2016.21.4.216] [Citation(s) in RCA: 134] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2016] [Revised: 11/28/2016] [Accepted: 11/29/2016] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Apigenin (4′,5,7-trihydroxyflavone) is a flavonoid commonly found in many fruits and vegetables such as parsley, chamomile, celery, and kumquats. In the last few decades, recognition of apigenin as a cancer chemopreventive agent has increased. Significant progress has been made in studying the chemopreventive aspects of apigenin both in vitro and in vivo. Several studies have demonstrated that the anticarcinogenic properties of apigenin occur through regulation of cellular response to oxidative stress and DNA damage, suppression of inflammation and angiogenesis, retardation of cell proliferation, and induction of autophagy and apoptosis. One of the most well-recognized mechanisms of apigenin is the capability to promote cell cycle arrest and induction of apoptosis through the p53-related pathway. A further role of apigenin in chemoprevention is the induction of autophagy in several human cancer cell lines. In this review, we discuss the details of apigenin, apoptosis, autophagy, and the role of apigenin in cancer chemoprevention via the induction of apoptosis and autophagy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bokyung Sung
- Department of Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy, Molecular Inflammation Research Center for Aging Intervention, Pusan National University, Busan, Korea
| | - Hae Young Chung
- Department of Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy, Molecular Inflammation Research Center for Aging Intervention, Pusan National University, Busan, Korea
| | - Nam Deuk Kim
- Department of Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy, Molecular Inflammation Research Center for Aging Intervention, Pusan National University, Busan, Korea
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Yarla NS, Bishayee A, Sethi G, Reddanna P, Kalle AM, Dhananjaya BL, Dowluru KSVGK, Chintala R, Duddukuri GR. Targeting arachidonic acid pathway by natural products for cancer prevention and therapy. Semin Cancer Biol 2016; 40-41:48-81. [PMID: 26853158 DOI: 10.1016/j.semcancer.2016.02.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 229] [Impact Index Per Article: 28.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2015] [Revised: 01/23/2016] [Accepted: 02/01/2016] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Arachidonic acid (AA) pathway, a metabolic process, plays a key role in carcinogenesis. Hence, AA pathway metabolic enzymes phospholipase A2s (PLA2s), cyclooxygenases (COXs) and lipoxygenases (LOXs) and their metabolic products, such as prostaglandins and leukotrienes, have been considered novel preventive and therapeutic targets in cancer. Bioactive natural products are a good source for development of novel cancer preventive and therapeutic drugs, which have been widely used in clinical practice due to their safety profiles. AA pathway inhibitory natural products have been developed as chemopreventive and therapeutic agents against several cancers. Curcumin, resveratrol, apigenin, anthocyans, berberine, ellagic acid, eugenol, fisetin, ursolic acid, [6]-gingerol, guggulsteone, lycopene and genistein are well known cancer chemopreventive agents which act by targeting multiple pathways, including COX-2. Nordihydroguaiaretic acid and baicalein can be chemopreventive molecules against various cancers by inhibiting LOXs. Several PLA2s inhibitory natural products have been identified with chemopreventive and therapeutic potentials against various cancers. In this review, we critically discuss the possible utility of natural products as preventive and therapeutic agents against various oncologic diseases, including prostate, pancreatic, lung, skin, gastric, oral, blood, head and neck, colorectal, liver, cervical and breast cancers, by targeting AA pathway. Further, the current status of clinical studies evaluating AA pathway inhibitory natural products in cancer is reviewed. In addition, various emerging issues, including bioavailability, toxicity and explorability of combination therapy, for the development of AA pathway inhibitory natural products as chemopreventive and therapeutic agents against human malignancy are also discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nagendra Sastry Yarla
- Department of Biochemisty/Bionformatics, Institute of Science, GITAM University, Rushikonda, Visakhapatnam 530 045, Adhra Pradesh, India
| | - Anupam Bishayee
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, Larkin Health Sciences Institute, 18301 N. Miami Avenue, Miami, FL 33169, USA.
| | - Gautam Sethi
- Department of Pharmacology, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore 117600, Singapore; School of Biomedical Sciences, Curtin Health Innovation Research Institute, Biosciences Research Precinct, Curtin University, Western Australia 6009, Australia
| | - Pallu Reddanna
- Department of Animal Biology, School of Life Sciences, University of Hyderabad, Gachibowli, Hyderabad 500 046, Telagana, India
| | - Arunasree M Kalle
- Department of Animal Biology, School of Life Sciences, University of Hyderabad, Gachibowli, Hyderabad 500 046, Telagana, India; Department of Environmental Health Sciences, Laboratory of Human Environmental Epigenomes, Bloomberg School of Public Health, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA
| | - Bhadrapura Lakkappa Dhananjaya
- Toxinology/Toxicology and Drug Discovery Unit, Center for Emerging Technologies, Jain Global Campus, Jain University, Kanakapura Taluk, Ramanagara 562 112, Karnataka, India
| | - Kaladhar S V G K Dowluru
- Department of Biochemisty/Bionformatics, Institute of Science, GITAM University, Rushikonda, Visakhapatnam 530 045, Adhra Pradesh, India; Department of Microbiology and Bioinformatics, Bilaspur University, Bilaspur 495 001, Chhattisgarh, India
| | - Ramakrishna Chintala
- Department of Environmental Sciences, Institute of Science, GITAM University, Rushikonda, Visakhapatnam 530 045, Adhra Pradesh, India
| | - Govinda Rao Duddukuri
- Department of Biochemisty/Bionformatics, Institute of Science, GITAM University, Rushikonda, Visakhapatnam 530 045, Adhra Pradesh, India.
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37
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Gao C, Chen H, Niu C, Hu J, Cao B. Protective effect of Schizandrin B against damage of UVB irradiated skin cells depend on inhibition of inflammatory pathways. Bioengineered 2016; 8:36-44. [PMID: 27689692 DOI: 10.1080/21655979.2016.1227572] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Schizandrin B is extracted from Schisandra chinensis (Turcz.) Baill. This study evaluated the photoprotective effect of Schizandrin B on oxidative stress injury of the skin caused by UVB-irradiation and the molecular mechanism of the photoprotective effect of Schizandrin B, and we firstly found that Schizandrin B could block Cox-2, IL-6 and IL-18 signal pathway to protect damage of skin cells given by UVB-irradiation. In the research, we found that Schizandrin B can attenuate the UVB-induced toxicity on keratinocytes and dermal fibroblasts in human body, and can outstandingly eliminated intracellular ROS produced by UVB-irradiation. These results demonstrate that Schizandrin B can regulate the function of decreasing intracellular SOD's activity and increasing the expression level of MDA in HaCaT cells result from the guidance of UVB, and it markedly reduced the production of inflammatory factors such as Cox-2, IL-6 or IL-18, decreased the expression level of MMP-1, and interdicted degradation process of collagens in UVB-radiated cells. Therefore, skin keratinocytes can be effectively protected from UVB-radiated damage by Schizandrin B, and UVB-irradiation caused inflammatory responses can be inhibited by attenuating process of ROS generating.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chenguang Gao
- a Logistics University of Chinese People's Armed Police Forces , Tianjin , China
| | - Hong Chen
- a Logistics University of Chinese People's Armed Police Forces , Tianjin , China.,b Tianjin Key Laboratory for Biomarkers of Occupational and Environmental Hazard , Tianjin , China
| | - Cong Niu
- a Logistics University of Chinese People's Armed Police Forces , Tianjin , China
| | - Jie Hu
- a Logistics University of Chinese People's Armed Police Forces , Tianjin , China
| | - Bo Cao
- a Logistics University of Chinese People's Armed Police Forces , Tianjin , China
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Feng X, Weng D, Zhou F, Owen YD, Qin H, Zhao J, WenYu, Huang Y, Chen J, Fu H, Yang N, Chen D, Li J, Tan R, Shen P. Activation of PPARγ by a Natural Flavonoid Modulator, Apigenin Ameliorates Obesity-Related Inflammation Via Regulation of Macrophage Polarization. EBioMedicine 2016; 9:61-76. [PMID: 27374313 PMCID: PMC4972579 DOI: 10.1016/j.ebiom.2016.06.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 109] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2016] [Revised: 06/10/2016] [Accepted: 06/13/2016] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
Abstract
PPARγ has emerged as a master regulator of macrophage polarization and is the molecular target of the thiazolidinedione drugs. Here we show that apigenin binds and activates PPARγ by acting as a modulator. Activation of PPARγ by apigenin blocks p65 translocation into nuclei through inhibition of p65/PPARγ complex translocation into nuclei, thereby decreasing NF-κB activation and favoringM2 macrophage polarization. In HFD and ob/ob mice, apigenin significantly reverses M1 macrophage into M2 and reduces the infiltration of inflammatory cells in liver and adipose tissues, as well as decreases the levels of pro-inflammatory cytokines, thereby alleviating inflammation. Strikingly, apigenin reduces liver and muscular steatosis, decreases the levels of ALT, AST, TC and TG, improving glucose resistance obviously. Unlike rosiglitazone, apigenin does not cause significant weight gain, osteoporosis et al. Our findings identify apigenin as a modulator of PPARγ and a potential lead compound for treatment of metabolic disorders. Apigenin binds and activates PPARγ and significantly reverses the polarization of macrophages from M1 to M2 phenotype. Activation of PPARγ by apigenin blocks p65 translocation through inhibiting p65/PPARγ complex translocation into nucleus. Apigenin significantly attenuates metabolic inflammation and disorders without causing some side effects as TZD drugs do.
PPARγ is the molecular target of the thiazolidinedione drugs to treat type II diabetes. However, TZD drugs have some side effects including cardiovascular failure, liver toxicity, bone fractures and potential carcinogenesis, which have greatly limited their clinical use. Here, we find apigenin, a flavonoid molecule abundant in various fruits and vegetables, can control macrophage fate to inhibit inflammation and metabolic syndrome without causing some side effects as TZD drugs. Further study indicates that apigenin can target PPARγ with a range of beneficial effects and may represent a lead compound for developing new therapies against metabolic disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiujing Feng
- State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, School of life Sciences, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210046, China
| | - Dan Weng
- Center for Molecular Metabolism, Nanjing University of Science and Technology, Nanjing 210094, China
| | - Feifei Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, School of life Sciences, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210046, China
| | - Young D Owen
- Graduate Medical Education, Virginia Mason Medical Center, Seattle, WA 98101, USA
| | - Haohan Qin
- State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, School of life Sciences, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210046, China
| | - Jingfa Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, School of life Sciences, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210046, China
| | - WenYu
- State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, School of life Sciences, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210046, China
| | - Yahong Huang
- State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, School of life Sciences, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210046, China
| | - Jiajia Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, School of life Sciences, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210046, China
| | - Haijian Fu
- Key Lab of Analytical Chemistry for Life Science, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210046, China
| | - Nanfei Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, School of life Sciences, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210046, China
| | - Dianhua Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, School of life Sciences, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210046, China
| | - Jianxin Li
- Key Lab of Analytical Chemistry for Life Science, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210046, China
| | - Renxiang Tan
- State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, School of life Sciences, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210046, China
| | - Pingping Shen
- State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, School of life Sciences, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210046, China; MOE Key Laboratory of Model Animal for Disease Study, Model Animal Research Center, Nanjing Biomedical Research Institute, Nanjing Biomedical Research Institute, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210046, China.
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Zhou X, Gao T, Jiang XG, Xie ML. Protective effect of apigenin on bleomycin-induced pulmonary fibrosis in mice by increments of lung antioxidant ability and PPARγ expression. J Funct Foods 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jff.2016.04.039] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
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40
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Kiraly AJ, Soliman E, Jenkins A, Van Dross RT. Apigenin inhibits COX-2, PGE2, and EP1 and also initiates terminal differentiation in the epidermis of tumor bearing mice. Prostaglandins Leukot Essent Fatty Acids 2016; 104:44-53. [PMID: 26802941 DOI: 10.1016/j.plefa.2015.11.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/01/2015] [Revised: 08/24/2015] [Accepted: 11/28/2015] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Non-melanoma skin cancer (NMSC) is the most prevalent cancer in the United States. NMSC overexpresses cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2). COX-2 synthesizes prostaglandins such as PGE2 which promote proliferation and tumorigenesis by engaging G-protein-coupled prostaglandin E receptors (EP). Apigenin is a bioflavonoid that blocks mouse skin tumorigenesis induced by the chemical carcinogens, 7,12-dimethylbenz[a]anthracene (DMBA) and 12-O-tetradecanoylphorbol-13-acetate (TPA). However, the effect of apigenin on the COX-2 pathway has not been examined in the DMBA/TPA skin tumor model. In the present study, apigenin decreased tumor multiplicity and incidence in DMBA/TPA-treated SKH-1 mice. Analysis of the non-tumor epidermis revealed that apigenin reduced COX-2, PGE2, EP1, and EP2 synthesis and also increased terminal differentiation. In contrast, apigenin did not inhibit the COX-2 pathway or promote terminal differentiation in the tumors. Since fewer tumors developed in apigenin-treated animals which contained reduced epidermal COX-2 levels, our data suggest that apigenin may avert skin tumor development by blocking COX-2.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alex J Kiraly
- Department of Pharmacology & Toxicology, Brody School of Medicine, East Carolina University, Greenville, NC, USA
| | - Eman Soliman
- Department of Pharmacology & Toxicology, Brody School of Medicine, East Carolina University, Greenville, NC, USA
| | - Audrey Jenkins
- Department of Comparative Medicine, Brody School of Medicine, East Carolina University, Greenville, NC, USA
| | - Rukiyah T Van Dross
- Department of Pharmacology & Toxicology, Brody School of Medicine, East Carolina University, Greenville, NC, USA.
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Kim JE, Roh E, Lee MH, Yu DH, Kim DJ, Lim TG, Jung SK, Peng C, Cho YY, Dickinson S, Alberts D, Bowden GT, Einspahr J, Stratton SP, Curiel-Lewandrowski C, Bode AM, Lee KW, Dong Z. Fyn is a redox sensor involved in solar ultraviolet light-induced signal transduction in skin carcinogenesis. Oncogene 2015; 35:4091-101. [PMID: 26686094 PMCID: PMC4916055 DOI: 10.1038/onc.2015.471] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/24/2015] [Revised: 09/15/2015] [Accepted: 11/10/2015] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Solar ultraviolet (UV) light is a major etiological factor in skin carcinogenesis, with solar UV-stimulated signal transduction inducing pathological changes and skin damage. The primary sensor of solar UV-induced cellular signaling has not been identified. We use an experimental system of solar simulated light (SSL) to mimic solar UV and we demonstrate that Fyn is a primary redox sensor involved in SSL-induced signal transduction. Reactive oxygen species (ROS) generated by SSL exposure directly oxidize Cys488 of Fyn, resulting in increased Fyn kinase activity. Fyn oxidation was increased in mouse skin after SSL exposure, and Fyn knockout (Fyn−/−) mice formed larger and more tumors compared to Fyn wildtype mice when exposed to SSL for an extended period of time. Murine embryonic fibroblasts (MEFs) lacking Fyn as well as cells in which Fyn expression was knocked down were resistant to SSL-induced apoptosis. Furthermore, cells expressing mutant Fyn (C448A) were resistant to SSL-induced apoptosis. These findings suggest that Fyn acts as a regulatory nexus between solar UV, ROS and signal transduction during skin carcinogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- J-E Kim
- The Hormel Institute, University of Minnesota, Austin, MN, USA.,Department of Agricultural Biotechnology, Seoul National University, Seoul, Republic of Korea.,Advanced Institutes of Convergence Technology, Seoul National University, Suwon, Gyeonggi-do, Republic of Korea
| | - E Roh
- The Hormel Institute, University of Minnesota, Austin, MN, USA
| | - M H Lee
- The Hormel Institute, University of Minnesota, Austin, MN, USA.,China-US Hormel Cancer Institute, Zhenzhou, Henan, China
| | - D H Yu
- The Hormel Institute, University of Minnesota, Austin, MN, USA
| | - D J Kim
- The Hormel Institute, University of Minnesota, Austin, MN, USA
| | - T-G Lim
- The Hormel Institute, University of Minnesota, Austin, MN, USA.,Department of Agricultural Biotechnology, Seoul National University, Seoul, Republic of Korea.,Advanced Institutes of Convergence Technology, Seoul National University, Suwon, Gyeonggi-do, Republic of Korea.,Division of Strategic Food Research, Korea Food Research Institute, Seongnam-si, Gyeonggi-do, Republic of Korea
| | - S K Jung
- The Hormel Institute, University of Minnesota, Austin, MN, USA.,Department of Agricultural Biotechnology, Seoul National University, Seoul, Republic of Korea.,Division of Strategic Food Research, Korea Food Research Institute, Seongnam-si, Gyeonggi-do, Republic of Korea
| | - C Peng
- The Hormel Institute, University of Minnesota, Austin, MN, USA
| | - Y-Y Cho
- The Hormel Institute, University of Minnesota, Austin, MN, USA.,College of Pharmacy, The Catholic University of Korea, Bucheon-si, Gyeonggi-do, Republic of Korea
| | - S Dickinson
- University of Arizona Cancer Center, Tucson, AZ, USA
| | - D Alberts
- University of Arizona Cancer Center, Tucson, AZ, USA
| | - G T Bowden
- University of Arizona Cancer Center, Tucson, AZ, USA
| | - J Einspahr
- University of Arizona Cancer Center, Tucson, AZ, USA
| | - S P Stratton
- University of Arizona Cancer Center, Tucson, AZ, USA
| | | | - A M Bode
- The Hormel Institute, University of Minnesota, Austin, MN, USA
| | - K W Lee
- Department of Agricultural Biotechnology, Seoul National University, Seoul, Republic of Korea.,Advanced Institutes of Convergence Technology, Seoul National University, Suwon, Gyeonggi-do, Republic of Korea
| | - Z Dong
- The Hormel Institute, University of Minnesota, Austin, MN, USA
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Apigenin Attenuates Melanoma Cell Migration by Inducing Anoikis through Integrin and Focal Adhesion Kinase Inhibition. Molecules 2015; 20:21157-66. [PMID: 26633318 PMCID: PMC6332386 DOI: 10.3390/molecules201219752] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2015] [Revised: 11/20/2015] [Accepted: 11/20/2015] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Apigenin, a nonmutagenic flavonoid, has been found to have antitumor properties and is therefore particularly relevant for the development of chemotherapeutic agents for cancers. In this study, time- and dose-dependent cell viability and cytotoxicity were assessed to determine the effects of apigenin on A2058 and A375 melanoma cells. Melanoma cells were pretreated with different concentrations of apigenin and analyzed for morphological changes, anoikis induction, cell migration, and levels of proteins associated with apoptosis. Apigenin reduced integrin protein levels and inhibited the phosphorylation of focal adhesion kinase (FAK) and extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK1/2), which induce anoikis in human cutaneous melanoma cells. Apigenin exhibited dose-dependent inhibition of melanoma cell migration, unlike untreated controls. Furthermore, apigenin treatment increased apoptotic factors such as caspase-3 and cleaved poly(ADP-ribose) polymerase in a dose-dependent manner, demonstrating the metastasis of melanoma cells. Our results provide a new insight into the mechanisms by which apigenin prevents melanoma metastasis by sensitizing anoikis induced by the loss of integrin proteins in the FAK/ERK1/2 signaling pathway. These findings elucidate the related mechanisms and suggest the potential of apigenin in developing clinical treatment strategies against malignant melanoma.
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43
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Byun S, Lim S, Mun JY, Kim KH, Ramadhar TR, Farrand L, Shin SH, Thimmegowda NR, Lee HJ, Frank DA, Clardy J, Lee SW, Lee KW. Identification of a Dual Inhibitor of Janus Kinase 2 (JAK2) and p70 Ribosomal S6 Kinase1 (S6K1) Pathways. J Biol Chem 2015; 290:23553-62. [PMID: 26242912 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.m115.662445] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2015] [Indexed: 01/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Bioactive phytochemicals can suppress the growth of malignant cells, and investigation of the mechanisms responsible can assist in the identification of novel therapeutic strategies for cancer therapy. Ginger has been reported to exhibit potent anti-cancer effects, although previous reports have often focused on a narrow range of specific compounds. Through a direct comparison of various ginger compounds, we determined that gingerenone A selectively kills cancer cells while exhibiting minimal toxicity toward normal cells. Kinase array screening revealed JAK2 and S6K1 as the molecular targets primarily responsible for gingerenone A-induced cancer cell death. The effect of gingerenone A was strongly associated with relative phosphorylation levels of JAK2 and S6K1, and administration of gingerenone A significantly suppressed tumor growth in vivo. More importantly, the combined inhibition of JAK2 and S6K1 by commercial inhibitors selectively induced apoptosis in cancer cells, whereas treatment with either agent alone did not. These findings provide rationale for dual targeting of JAK2 and S6K1 in cancer for a combinatorial therapeutic approach.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sanguine Byun
- From the Cutaneous Biology Research Center, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Charlestown, Massachusetts 02129, Advanced Institutes of Convergence Technology, Seoul National University, Suwon 443-270, Republic of Korea
| | - Semi Lim
- WCU Biomodulation Major, Department of Agricultural Biotechnology, Seoul National University, Seoul 151-742, Republic of Korea
| | - Ji Young Mun
- Department of Biomedical Laboratory Science, College of Health Sciences, Eulji University, Seongnam 461-463, Republic of Korea
| | - Ki Hyun Kim
- Department of Biological Chemistry and Molecular Pharmacology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts 02115, School of Pharmacy, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon 440-746, Republic of Korea
| | - Timothy R Ramadhar
- Department of Biological Chemistry and Molecular Pharmacology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts 02115
| | - Lee Farrand
- Yuhan Research Institute, Yuhan Corp., Yongin 446-902, Republic of Korea
| | - Seung Ho Shin
- Program in Biomedical Informatics and Computational Biology, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota 55455
| | - N R Thimmegowda
- Department of Chemistry, Government Sri Krishnarajendra Silver Jubilee Technological Institute, Bangalore 560001, India, World Class Institute, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Ochang 363-883, Korea
| | - Hyong Joo Lee
- WCU Biomodulation Major, Department of Agricultural Biotechnology, Seoul National University, Seoul 151-742, Republic of Korea
| | - David A Frank
- Department of Medical Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, Massachusetts 02115, and
| | - Jon Clardy
- Department of Biological Chemistry and Molecular Pharmacology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts 02115,
| | - Sam W Lee
- From the Cutaneous Biology Research Center, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Charlestown, Massachusetts 02129,
| | - Ki Won Lee
- Advanced Institutes of Convergence Technology, Seoul National University, Suwon 443-270, Republic of Korea, WCU Biomodulation Major, Department of Agricultural Biotechnology, Seoul National University, Seoul 151-742, Republic of Korea,
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44
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Paredes-Gonzalez X, Fuentes F, Jeffery S, Saw CLL, Shu L, Su ZY, Kong ANT. Induction of NRF2-mediated gene expression by dietary phytochemical flavones apigenin and luteolin. Biopharm Drug Dispos 2015; 36:440-51. [DOI: 10.1002/bdd.1956] [Citation(s) in RCA: 76] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2014] [Revised: 03/28/2015] [Accepted: 04/14/2015] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Ximena Paredes-Gonzalez
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Ernest Mario School of Pharmacy, Rutgers; The State University of New Jersey; Piscataway NJ USA
| | - Francisco Fuentes
- Facultad de Agronomía e Ingeniería Forestal, Facultad de Ingeniería y Facultad de Medicina; Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile; Macul Santiago Chile
| | - Sundrina Jeffery
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Ernest Mario School of Pharmacy, Rutgers; The State University of New Jersey; Piscataway NJ USA
| | - Constance Lay-Lay Saw
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Ernest Mario School of Pharmacy, Rutgers; The State University of New Jersey; Piscataway NJ USA
| | - Limin Shu
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Ernest Mario School of Pharmacy, Rutgers; The State University of New Jersey; Piscataway NJ USA
| | - Zheng-Yuan Su
- Department of Bioscience Technology; Chung Yuan Christian University; Chung Li District Taoyuan City Taiwan
| | - Ah-Ng Tony Kong
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Ernest Mario School of Pharmacy, Rutgers; The State University of New Jersey; Piscataway NJ USA
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GRID and docking analyses reveal a molecular basis for flavonoid inhibition of Src family kinase activity. J Nutr Biochem 2015; 26:1156-65. [PMID: 26140983 DOI: 10.1016/j.jnutbio.2015.05.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/21/2015] [Revised: 05/02/2015] [Accepted: 05/08/2015] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Flavonoids reduce cardiovascular disease risk through anti-inflammatory, anti-coagulant and anti-platelet actions. One key flavonoid inhibitory mechanism is blocking kinase activity that drives these processes. Flavonoids attenuate activities of kinases including phosphoinositide-3-kinase, Fyn, Lyn, Src, Syk, PKC, PIM1/2, ERK, JNK and PKA. X-ray crystallographic analyses of kinase-flavonoid complexes show that flavonoid ring systems and their hydroxyl substitutions are important structural features for their binding to kinases. A clearer understanding of structural interactions of flavonoids with kinases is necessary to allow construction of more potent and selective counterparts. We examined flavonoid (quercetin, apigenin and catechin) interactions with Src family kinases (Lyn, Fyn and Hck) applying the Sybyl docking algorithm and GRID. A homology model (Lyn) was used in our analyses to demonstrate that high-quality predicted kinase structures are suitable for flavonoid computational studies. Our docking results revealed potential hydrogen bond contacts between flavonoid hydroxyls and kinase catalytic site residues. Identification of plausible contacts indicated that quercetin formed the most energetically stable interactions, apigenin lacked hydroxyl groups necessary for important contacts and the non-planar structure of catechin could not support predicted hydrogen bonding patterns. GRID analysis using a hydroxyl functional group supported docking results. Based on these findings, we predicted that quercetin would inhibit activities of Src family kinases with greater potency than apigenin and catechin. We validated this prediction using in vitro kinase assays. We conclude that our study can be used as a basis to construct virtual flavonoid interaction libraries to guide drug discovery using these compounds as molecular templates.
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Zhang Y, Wang J, Cheng X, Yi B, Zhang X, Li Q. Apigenin induces dermal collagen synthesis via smad2/3 signaling pathway. Eur J Histochem 2015; 59:2467. [PMID: 26150153 PMCID: PMC4503966 DOI: 10.4081/ejh.2015.2467] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2014] [Revised: 03/09/2015] [Accepted: 03/09/2015] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Decrease in fibroblast-produced collagen has been proven to be the pivotal cause of skin aging, but there is no satisfactory drug which directly increases dermal thickness and collage density. Here we found that a flavonoid natural product, apigenin, could significantly increase collagen synthesis. NIH/3T3 and primary human dermal fibroblasts (HDFs) were incubated with various concentrations of apigenin, with dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO) serving as the negative control. Real-time reverse-transcription polymerase chain reaction (PCR), Western Blot, and Toluidine blue staining demonstrated that apigenin stimulated type-I and type-III collagen synthesis of fibroblasts on the mRNA and protein levels. Meanwhile, apigenin did not induce expression of alpha smooth muscle actin (α-SMA) in vitro and in vivo, a fibrotic marker in living tissues. Then the production of collagen was confirmed by Masson’s trichrome stain, Picrosirius red stain and immunohistochemistry in mouse models. We also clarified that this compound induced collagen synthesis by activating smad2/3 signaling pathway. Taken together, without obvious influence on fibroblasts’ apoptosis and viability, apigenin could promote the type-I and type-III collagen synthesis of dermal fibroblasts in vitro and in vivo, thus suggesting that apigenin may serve as a potential agent for esthetic and reconstructive skin rejuvenation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Y Zhang
- Shanghai Jiao Tong University.
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47
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Chinembiri TN, du Plessis LH, Gerber M, Hamman JH, du Plessis J. Review of natural compounds for potential skin cancer treatment. Molecules 2014; 19:11679-721. [PMID: 25102117 PMCID: PMC6271439 DOI: 10.3390/molecules190811679] [Citation(s) in RCA: 166] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/03/2014] [Revised: 07/17/2014] [Accepted: 07/23/2014] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Most anti-cancer drugs are derived from natural resources such as marine, microbial and botanical sources. Cutaneous malignant melanoma is the most aggressive form of skin cancer, with a high mortality rate. Various treatments for malignant melanoma are available, but due to the development of multi-drug resistance, current or emerging chemotherapies have a relatively low success rates. This emphasizes the importance of discovering new compounds that are both safe and effective against melanoma. In vitro testing of melanoma cell lines and murine melanoma models offers the opportunity for identifying mechanisms of action of plant derived compounds and extracts. Common anti-melanoma effects of natural compounds include potentiating apoptosis, inhibiting cell proliferation and inhibiting metastasis. There are different mechanisms and pathways responsible for anti-melanoma actions of medicinal compounds such as promotion of caspase activity, inhibition of angiogenesis and inhibition of the effects of tumor promoting proteins such as PI3-K, Bcl-2, STAT3 and MMPs. This review thus aims at providing an overview of anti-cancer compounds, derived from natural sources, that are currently used in cancer chemotherapies, or that have been reported to show anti-melanoma, or anti-skin cancer activities. Phytochemicals that are discussed in this review include flavonoids, carotenoids, terpenoids, vitamins, sulforaphane, some polyphenols and crude plant extracts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tawona N Chinembiri
- Centre of Excellence for Pharmaceutical Sciences, North-West University, Private Bag X6001, Potchefstroom 2520, South Africa.
| | - Lissinda H du Plessis
- Centre of Excellence for Pharmaceutical Sciences, North-West University, Private Bag X6001, Potchefstroom 2520, South Africa.
| | - Minja Gerber
- Centre of Excellence for Pharmaceutical Sciences, North-West University, Private Bag X6001, Potchefstroom 2520, South Africa.
| | - Josias H Hamman
- Centre of Excellence for Pharmaceutical Sciences, North-West University, Private Bag X6001, Potchefstroom 2520, South Africa.
| | - Jeanetta du Plessis
- Centre of Excellence for Pharmaceutical Sciences, North-West University, Private Bag X6001, Potchefstroom 2520, South Africa.
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Wright B, Tindall MJ, Lovegrove JA, Gibbins JM. Investigating flavonoids as molecular templates for the design of small-molecule inhibitors of cell signaling. J Food Sci 2014; 78:N1921-8. [PMID: 24329957 DOI: 10.1111/1750-3841.12293] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/11/2013] [Accepted: 09/20/2013] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Abstract
Epidemiological and clinical trials reveal compelling evidence for the ability of dietary flavonoids to lower cardiovascular disease risk. The mechanisms of action of these polyphenolic compounds are diverse, and of particular interest is their ability to function as protein and lipid kinase inhibitors. We have previously described structure-activity studies that reinforce the possibility for using flavonoid structures as templates for drug design. In the present study, we aim to begin constructing rational screening strategies for exploiting these compounds as templates for the design of clinically relevant, antiplatelet agents. We used the platelet as a model system to dissect the structural influence of flavonoids, stilbenes, anthocyanidins, and phenolic acids on inhibition of cell signaling and function. Functional groups identified as relevant for potent inhibition of platelet function included at least 2 benzene rings, a hydroxylated B ring, a planar C ring, a C ring ketone group, and a C-2 positioned B ring. Hydroxylation of the B ring with either a catechol group or a single C-4' hydroxyl may be required for efficient inhibition of collagen-stimulated tyrosine phosphorylated proteins of 125 to 130 kDa, but may not be necessary for that of phosphotyrosine proteins at approximately 29 kDa. The removal of the C ring C-3 hydroxyl together with a hydroxylated B ring (apigenin) may confer selectivity for 37 to 38 kDa phosphotyrosine proteins. We conclude that this study may form the basis for construction of maps of flavonoid inhibitory activity on kinase targets that may allow a multitargeted therapeutic approach with analogue counterparts and parent compounds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bernice Wright
- Inst. for Cardiovascular and Metabolic Research (ICMR), School of Biological Sciences, Univ. of Reading, Reading, RG6 6UB Berkshire, U.K
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Phytochemicals: a multitargeted approach to gynecologic cancer therapy. BIOMED RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2014; 2014:890141. [PMID: 25093186 PMCID: PMC4100437 DOI: 10.1155/2014/890141] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/08/2014] [Accepted: 06/10/2014] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
Gynecologic cancers constitute the fourth most common cancer type in women. Treatment outcomes are dictated by a multitude of factors, including stage at diagnosis, tissue type, and overall health of the patient. Current therapeutic options include surgery, radiotherapy, and chemotherapy, although significant unmet medical needs remain in regard to side effects and long-term survival. The efficacy of chemotherapy is influenced by cellular events such as the overexpression of oncogenes and downregulation of tumor suppressors, which together determine apoptotic responses. Phytochemicals are a broad class of natural compounds derived from plants, a number of which exhibit useful bioactive effects toward these pathways. High-throughput screening methods, rational modification, and developments in regulatory policies will accelerate the development of novel therapeutics based on these compounds, which will likely improve overall survival and quality of life for patients.
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Lim DY, Lee MH, Shin SH, Chen H, Ryu J, Shan L, Li H, Bode AM, Zhang WD, Dong Z. (+)-2-(1-Hydroxyl-4-oxocyclohexyl) ethyl caffeate suppresses solar UV-induced skin carcinogenesis by targeting PI3K, ERK1/2, and p38. Cancer Prev Res (Phila) 2014; 7:856-65. [PMID: 24845061 DOI: 10.1158/1940-6207.capr-13-0286] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
For decades, skin cancer incidence has increased, mainly because of oncogenic signaling pathways activated by solar ultraviolet (UV) irradiation (i.e., sun exposure). Solar UV induces multiple signaling pathways that are critical in the development of skin cancer, and therefore the development of compounds capable of targeting multiple molecules for chemoprevention of skin carcinogenesis is urgently needed. Herein, we examined the chemopreventive effects and the molecular mechanism of (+)-2-(1-hydroxyl-4-oxocyclohexyl) ethyl caffeate (HOEC), isolated from Incarvillea mairei var. grandiflora (Wehrhahn) Grierson. HOEC strongly inhibited neoplastic transformation of JB6 Cl41 cells without toxicity. PI3K, ERK1/2, and p38 kinase activities were suppressed by direct binding with HOEC in vitro. Our in silico docking data showed that HOEC binds at the ATP-binding site of each kinase. The inhibition of solar UV-induced PI3K, ERK1/2, and p38 kinase activities resulted in suppression of their downstream signaling pathways and AP1 and NF-κB transactivation in JB6 cells. Furthermore, topical application of HOEC reduced skin cancer incidence and tumor volume in SKH-1 hairless mice chronically exposed to solar UV. In summary, our results show that HOEC exerts inhibitory effects on multiple kinase targets and their downstream pathways activated by solar UV in vitro and in vivo. These findings suggest that HOEC is a potent chemopreventive compound against skin carcinogenesis caused by solar UV exposure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Do Young Lim
- The Hormel Institute, University of Minnesota, Austin, Minnesota
| | - Mee-Hyun Lee
- The Hormel Institute, University of Minnesota, Austin, Minnesota
| | - Seung Ho Shin
- The Hormel Institute, University of Minnesota, Austin, Minnesota; Program in Biomedical Informatics and Computational Biology, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota
| | - Hanyoung Chen
- The Hormel Institute, University of Minnesota, Austin, Minnesota
| | - Joohyun Ryu
- The Hormel Institute, University of Minnesota, Austin, Minnesota
| | - Lei Shan
- Department of Natural Product Chemistry, Second Military Medical University
| | - Honglin Li
- School of Pharmacy, East China University of Science & Technology, Shanghai, PR China; and
| | - Ann M Bode
- The Hormel Institute, University of Minnesota, Austin, Minnesota
| | - Wei-Dong Zhang
- Department of Natural Product Chemistry, Second Military Medical University;
| | - Zigang Dong
- The Hormel Institute, University of Minnesota, Austin, Minnesota;
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