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Cheng Q, Liu QQ, Lu CA. A state-of-the-science review of using mitochondrial DNA copy number as a biomarker for environmental exposure. ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (BARKING, ESSEX : 1987) 2024; 346:123642. [PMID: 38402934 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2024.123642] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/17/2023] [Revised: 02/06/2024] [Accepted: 02/22/2024] [Indexed: 02/27/2024]
Abstract
Mitochondria are bioenergetic, biosynthetic, and signaling organelles in eukaryotes, and contain their own genomes, mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA), to supply energy to cells by generating ATP via oxidative phosphorylation. Therefore, the threat to mitochondria' integrity and health resulting from environmental exposure could induce adverse health effects in organisms. In this review, we summarized the association between mtDNA copy number (mtDNAcn), and environmental exposures as reported in the literature. We conducted a literature search in the Web of Science using [Mitochondrial DNA copy number] and [Exposure] as two keywords and employed three selection criteria for the final inclusion of 97 papers for review. The consensus of data was that mtDNAcn could be used as a plausible biomarker for cumulative exposures to environmental chemical and physical agents. In order to furtherly expand the application of mtDNAcn in ecological and environmental health research, we suggested a series of algorithms aiming to standardize the calculation of mtDNAcn based on the PCR results in this review. We also discussed the pitfalls of using whole blood/plasma samples for mtDNAcn measurements and regard buccal cells a plausible and practical alternative. Finally, we recognized the importance of better understanding the mechanistic analysis and regulatory mechanism of mtDNAcn, in particular the signals release and regulation pathways. We believe that the development of using mtDNAcn as an exposure biomarker will revolutionize the evaluation of chronic sub-lethal toxicity of chemicals to organisms in ecological and environmental health research that has not yet been implemented.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qing Cheng
- College of Resources and Environment, Southwest University, Chongqing, 400715, People's Republic of China
| | - Qing Qing Liu
- College of Resources and Environment, Southwest University, Chongqing, 400715, People's Republic of China
| | - Chensheng Alex Lu
- College of Resources and Environment, Southwest University, Chongqing, 400715, People's Republic of China; School of Public Health, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, 98195, USA.
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Pelland-St-Pierre L, Pham MC, Nguyen AQH, Pasquet R, Taylor SA, Bosson-Rieutort D, Koushik A, Ho V. The Influence of Smoking and Occupational Risk Factors on DNA Methylation in the AHRR and F2RL3 Genes. Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev 2024; 33:224-233. [PMID: 38051301 DOI: 10.1158/1055-9965.epi-23-0828] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/24/2023] [Revised: 09/26/2023] [Accepted: 11/30/2023] [Indexed: 12/07/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND AHRR and F2RL3 hypomethylation has been associated with lung cancer. In this study, we investigated the cross-sectional association between smoking and occupational exposures, and AHRR and F2RL3 methylation. METHODS A case-control study was nested in CARTaGENE to examine the association between AHRR and F2RL3 methylation and lung cancer risk (200 cases; 400 controls). A secondary analysis was conducted using the data collected from this nested study; namely, baseline information on participants' smoking behavior and longest-held job was obtained. A cumulative smoking index summarized information on the number of cigarettes smoked, duration of smoking, and time since cessation. Exposure to 13 occupational agents was estimated using the Canadian Job Exposure Matrix. In baseline blood samples, methylation ratios of 40 CpG sites in the AHRR and F2RL3 genes were measured using Sequenom EpiTYPER. Separate least squares regression models were used to estimate the associations between smoking and occupational exposures, and average AHRR and F2RL3 methylation levels, while adjusting for confounders identified from directed acyclic graphs. RESULTS In both genes, smoking was associated with lower average methylation levels. Occupational exposure to aromatic amines, cadmium, and formaldehyde were associated with lower AHRR methylation while, only benzene was associated with F2RL3 hypomethylation; these associations were stronger among ever smokers. CONCLUSIONS Our findings support that smoking and occupational exposures to some agents are associated with AHRR and F2RL3 hypomethylation. IMPACT Our results inform on mechanisms underlying environmental exposures in lung cancer etiology; future studies should prioritize studying joint exposures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laura Pelland-St-Pierre
- Department of Social and Preventive Medicine, University of Montreal, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
- Health Innovation and Evaluation Hub, University of Montreal Hospital Research Centre (CRCHUM), Montreal, Quebec, Canada
- Centre de recherche en santé publique (CReSP), University of Montréal and CIUSSS Centre-Sud, Montréal, Québec, Canada
| | - Michael C Pham
- Department of Social and Preventive Medicine, University of Montreal, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
- Health Innovation and Evaluation Hub, University of Montreal Hospital Research Centre (CRCHUM), Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Alice Quynh Huong Nguyen
- Department of Social and Preventive Medicine, University of Montreal, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
- Health Innovation and Evaluation Hub, University of Montreal Hospital Research Centre (CRCHUM), Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Romain Pasquet
- Health Innovation and Evaluation Hub, University of Montreal Hospital Research Centre (CRCHUM), Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Sherryl A Taylor
- Department of Medical Genetics, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada
| | - Delphine Bosson-Rieutort
- Centre de recherche en santé publique (CReSP), University of Montréal and CIUSSS Centre-Sud, Montréal, Québec, Canada
- Department of Health Management, Evaluation and Policy, University of Montreal, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Anita Koushik
- Department of Social and Preventive Medicine, University of Montreal, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
- Health Innovation and Evaluation Hub, University of Montreal Hospital Research Centre (CRCHUM), Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Vikki Ho
- Department of Social and Preventive Medicine, University of Montreal, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
- Health Innovation and Evaluation Hub, University of Montreal Hospital Research Centre (CRCHUM), Montreal, Quebec, Canada
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Ridany I, Akika R, Saliba NA, Tamim H, Badr K, Zgheib NK. Aromatic Hydrocarbon Receptor Repressor (AHRR) is a biomarker of ambient air pollution exposure and Coronary Artery Disease (CAD). ENVIRONMENTAL TOXICOLOGY AND PHARMACOLOGY 2024; 105:104344. [PMID: 38103810 DOI: 10.1016/j.etap.2023.104344] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/28/2023] [Accepted: 12/12/2023] [Indexed: 12/19/2023]
Abstract
Two hundred and twenty subjects were recruited while undergoing cardiac catheterization. AHRR cg05575921 methylation was shown to be significantly decreased in ever smokers compared to never smokers (Mean± SD = 64.2 ± 17.2 vs 80.1 ± 11.1 respectively; P < 0.0001). In addition, higher urinary levels of 2-OHNAP and 2-OHFLU were significantly associated with more AHRR cg05575921 hypomethylation, even after correcting for smoking (β[95%CI]= -4.161[-7.553, -0.769]; P = 0.016 and -5.190[-9.761, -0.618]; P = 0.026, respectively) but not 1-OHPYR (β[95%CI]= -3.545 [-10.935, 3.845]; P = 0.345). Additionally, hypomethylation of AHRR ROI was significantly associated with obstructive coronary artery disease (CAD) after adjusting for smoking, age, sex, diabetes and dyslipidemia (OR [95%CI] = 1.024[1.000 - 1.048]; P = 0.046). Results of this study necessitate further validation to potentially consider clinical incorporation of AHRR methylation status as an early predictive biomarker for the potential association between ambient air pollution and CAD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ibrahim Ridany
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Medicine, American University of Beirut, Beirut, Lebanon
| | - Reem Akika
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Medicine, American University of Beirut, Beirut, Lebanon
| | - Najat Aoun Saliba
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Arts and Sciences, American University of Beirut, Beirut, Lebanon; Vascular Medicine Program, American University of Beirut, Beirut, Lebanon
| | - Hani Tamim
- Vascular Medicine Program, American University of Beirut, Beirut, Lebanon; Clinical Research Institute, Faculty of Medicine, American University of Beirut Medical Center, Beirut, Lebanon; College of Medicine, Alfaisal University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Kamal Badr
- Vascular Medicine Program, American University of Beirut, Beirut, Lebanon; Division of Nephrology, Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, American University of Beirut Medical Center, Beirut, Lebanon
| | - Nathalie Khoueiry Zgheib
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Medicine, American University of Beirut, Beirut, Lebanon; Vascular Medicine Program, American University of Beirut, Beirut, Lebanon.
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Xiong R, Du Y, Chen S, Liu T, Ding X, Zhou J, Wang Z, Yang Q. Hypermethylation of the ADIRF promoter regulates its expression level and is involved in NNK-induced malignant transformation of lung bronchial epithelial cells. Arch Toxicol 2023; 97:3243-3258. [PMID: 37777989 DOI: 10.1007/s00204-023-03608-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2023] [Accepted: 09/20/2023] [Indexed: 10/03/2023]
Abstract
The carcinogenic mechanism of 4-(methylnitrosamino)-1-(3-pyridyl)-1-butanone (NNK), a well-known tobacco carcinogen, has not been fully elucidated in epigenetic studies. 5-Methylcytosine (5mC) modification plays a major role in epigenetic regulation. In this study, the 5mC level increased in both BEAS-2B human bronchial epithelium cells treated with 100 mg/L NNK for 24 h and NNK-induced malignant-transformed BEAS-2B cells (2B-NNK cells), suggesting that 5mC modification is associated with the malignant transformation mechanism of NNK. Using a combination of Methylated DNA Immunoprecipitation Sequencing (MeDIP-seq), RNA sequencing (RNA-seq), and bioinformatics analysis of data from the Genomic Data Commons database, we found that the Adipogenesis regulatory factor (ADIRF) promoter region was abnormally hypermethylated, yielding low ADIRF mRNA expression, and that ADIRF overexpression could inhibit the proliferation, migration, and invasion of 2B-NNK cells. This finding suggests that ADIRF plays a tumor suppressor role in the NNK-induced malignant transformation of cells. Subsequently, using 5-Aza-2'-deoxycytidine (5-Aza-2'-dC) and the Clustered Regularly Interspaced Short Palindromic Repeats (CRISPR)-Catalytically Dead Cas9 (dCas9 system), we verified that the demethylation of the ADIRF promoter region in 2B-NNK cells inhibited the proliferation, migration, and invasion ability of the cells and increased their apoptosis ability. These results suggest that abnormal 5mC modification of the ADIRF promoter plays a positive regulatory role in the pathogenesis of NNK-induced lung cancer. This study offers a new experimental basis for the epigenetic mechanism of NNK-induced lung cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rui Xiong
- The Institute for Chemical Carcinogenesis, School of Public Health, Guangzhou Medical University, Xinzao Town, Panyu District, Guangzhou, 511436, People's Republic of China
| | - Yiheng Du
- The Institute for Chemical Carcinogenesis, School of Public Health, Guangzhou Medical University, Xinzao Town, Panyu District, Guangzhou, 511436, People's Republic of China
| | - Sili Chen
- The Institute for Chemical Carcinogenesis, School of Public Health, Guangzhou Medical University, Xinzao Town, Panyu District, Guangzhou, 511436, People's Republic of China
| | - Tao Liu
- The Institute for Chemical Carcinogenesis, School of Public Health, Guangzhou Medical University, Xinzao Town, Panyu District, Guangzhou, 511436, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiangyu Ding
- The Institute for Chemical Carcinogenesis, School of Public Health, Guangzhou Medical University, Xinzao Town, Panyu District, Guangzhou, 511436, People's Republic of China
| | - Jiaxin Zhou
- The Institute for Chemical Carcinogenesis, School of Public Health, Guangzhou Medical University, Xinzao Town, Panyu District, Guangzhou, 511436, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhi Wang
- Key Laboratory of Occupational Environment and Health, Guangzhou Twelfth People's Hospital, 1 Tianqiang St., Huangpu West Ave, Guangzhou, 510620, China
| | - Qiaoyuan Yang
- The Institute for Chemical Carcinogenesis, School of Public Health, Guangzhou Medical University, Xinzao Town, Panyu District, Guangzhou, 511436, People's Republic of China.
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Shen J, Sun N, Wang J, Zens P, Kunzke T, Buck A, Prade VM, Wang Q, Feuchtinger A, Hu R, Berezowska S, Walch A. Patterns of Carbon-Bound Exogenous Compounds Impact Disease Pathophysiology in Lung Cancer Subtypes in Different Ways. ACS NANO 2023; 17:16396-16411. [PMID: 37639684 PMCID: PMC10510585 DOI: 10.1021/acsnano.2c11161] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2022] [Accepted: 08/23/2023] [Indexed: 08/31/2023]
Abstract
Carbon-bound exogenous compounds, such as polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs), tobacco-specific nitrosamines, aromatic amines, and organohalogens, are known to affect both tumor characteristics and patient outcomes in lung squamous cell carcinoma (LUSC); however, the roles of these compounds in lung adenocarcinoma (LUAD) remain unclear. We analyzed 11 carbon-bound exogenous compounds in LUAD and LUSC samples using in situ high mass-resolution matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization Fourier-transform ion cyclotron resonance mass spectrometry imaging and performed a cluster analysis to compare the patterns of carbon-bound exogenous compounds between these two lung cancer subtypes. Correlation analyses were conducted to investigate associations among exogenous compounds, endogenous metabolites, and clinical data, including patient survival outcomes and smoking behaviors. Additionally, we examined differences in exogenous compound patterns between normal and tumor tissues. Our analyses revealed that PAHs, aromatic amines, and organohalogens were more abundant in LUAD than in LUSC, whereas the tobacco-specific nitrosamine nicotine-derived nitrosamine ketone was more abundant in LUSC. Patients with LUAD and LUSC could be separated according to carbon-bound exogenous compound patterns detected in the tumor compartment. The same compounds had differential impacts on patient outcomes, depending on the cancer subtype. Correlation and network analyses indicated substantial differences between LUAD and LUSC metabolomes, associated with substantial differences in the patterns of the carbon-bound exogenous compounds. These data suggest that the contributions of these carcinogenic compounds to cancer biology may differ according to the cancer subtypes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jian Shen
- Research
Unit Analytical Pathology, Helmholtz Zentrum
München − German Research Center for Environmental Health, Neuherberg 85764, Germany
- Nanxishan
Hospital of Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, Institute of Pathology, Guilin 541002, People’s Republic of China
| | - Na Sun
- Research
Unit Analytical Pathology, Helmholtz Zentrum
München − German Research Center for Environmental Health, Neuherberg 85764, Germany
| | - Jun Wang
- Research
Unit Analytical Pathology, Helmholtz Zentrum
München − German Research Center for Environmental Health, Neuherberg 85764, Germany
| | - Philipp Zens
- Institute
of Tissue Medicine and Pathology, University
of Bern, Murtenstrasse 31, Bern 3008, Switzerland
- Graduate
School for Health Sciences, University of
Bern, Mittelstrasse 43, Bern 3012, Switzerland
| | - Thomas Kunzke
- Research
Unit Analytical Pathology, Helmholtz Zentrum
München − German Research Center for Environmental Health, Neuherberg 85764, Germany
| | - Achim Buck
- Research
Unit Analytical Pathology, Helmholtz Zentrum
München − German Research Center for Environmental Health, Neuherberg 85764, Germany
| | - Verena M. Prade
- Research
Unit Analytical Pathology, Helmholtz Zentrum
München − German Research Center for Environmental Health, Neuherberg 85764, Germany
| | - Qian Wang
- Research
Unit Analytical Pathology, Helmholtz Zentrum
München − German Research Center for Environmental Health, Neuherberg 85764, Germany
| | - Annette Feuchtinger
- Research
Unit Analytical Pathology, Helmholtz Zentrum
München − German Research Center for Environmental Health, Neuherberg 85764, Germany
| | - Ronggui Hu
- Center
for Excellence in Molecular Cell Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200030, People’s
Republic of China
| | - Sabina Berezowska
- Institute
of Tissue Medicine and Pathology, University
of Bern, Murtenstrasse 31, Bern 3008, Switzerland
- Department
of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, Institute of Pathology, Lausanne University Hospital and University of Lausanne, Lausanne 1011, Switzerland
| | - Axel Walch
- Research
Unit Analytical Pathology, Helmholtz Zentrum
München − German Research Center for Environmental Health, Neuherberg 85764, Germany
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Hsu PC, Daughters SB, Bauer MA, Su LJ, Addicott MA. Association of DNA methylation signatures with cognitive performance among smokers and ex-smokers. Tob Induc Dis 2023; 21:106. [PMID: 37605769 PMCID: PMC10405227 DOI: 10.18332/tid/168568] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/09/2022] [Revised: 06/19/2023] [Accepted: 06/22/2023] [Indexed: 08/23/2023] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Alterations in DNA methylation profiles have been associated with cancer, and can be influenced by environmental factors such as smoking. A small but growing literature indicates there are reproducible and robust differences in methylation levels among smokers, never smokers, and ex-smokers. Here, we compared differences in salivary DNA methylation levels among current and ex-smokers (at least 2 years abstinent). METHODS Smokers (n=26) and ex-smokers (n=30) provided detailed smoking histories, completed the Paced Auditory Serial Addition Test (PASAT), and submitted a saliva sample. Whole-genome DNA methylation from saliva was performed, and ANCOVA models and a receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve were used for the differences between groups and the performance of significant CpG sites. RESULTS After controlling for race, age, and gender, smokers had significantly lower methylation levels than ex-smokers in two CpG sites: cg05575921 (AHRR) and cg21566642 (ALPPL2). Based on the ROC analyses, both CpGs had strong classification potentials (cg05575921 AUC=0.97 and cg21566642 AUC=0.93) in differentiating smoking status. Across all subjects, the percent methylation of cg05575921 (AHRR) and cg21566642 (ALPPL2) positively correlated with the length of the last quit attempt (r=0.65 and 0.64, respectively, p<0.001) and PASAT accuracy (r=0.29 and 0.30, respectively, p<0.05). CONCLUSIONS In spite of the small sample size and preliminary research, our results replicate previously reported differences in AHRR hypomethylation among smokers. Furthermore, we show that the duration of smoking abstinence is associated with a recovery of methylation in ex-smokers, which may be linked to a reduced risk of smoking-associated diseases. The association with cognitive performance suggests that the hypomethylation of AHRR in saliva may reflect systemic exposure to cigarette-related toxicants that negatively affect cognitive performance, and should be validated in larger studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ping-Ching Hsu
- Department of Environmental Health Sciences, Fay W. Boozman College of Public Health, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Little Rock, United States
| | - Stacey B. Daughters
- Department of Psychology and Neuroscience, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, United States
| | - Michael A. Bauer
- Department of Biomedical Informatics, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Little Rock, United States
| | - L. Joseph Su
- Peter O'Donnell Jr. School of Public Health, UT Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, United States
| | - Merideth A. Addicott
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Wake Forest University School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, United States
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Wang H, Liu B, Chen H, Xu P, Xue H, Yuan J. Dynamic changes of DNA methylation induced by benzo(a)pyrene in cancer. Genes Environ 2023; 45:21. [PMID: 37391844 DOI: 10.1186/s41021-023-00278-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2023] [Accepted: 06/07/2023] [Indexed: 07/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Benzo(a)pyrene (BaP), the earliest and most significant carcinogen among polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs), has been found in foods, tobacco smoke, and automobiles exhaust, etc. Exposure to BaP induced DNA damage directly, or oxidative stress-related damage, resulting in cell apoptosis and carcinogenesis in human respiratory system, digestive system, reproductive system, etc. Moreover, BaP triggered genome-wide epigenetic alterations by methylation, which might cause disturbances in regulation of gene expression, and thereby induced cancer. It has been proved that BaP reduced genome-wide DNA methylation, and activated proto-oncogene by hypomethylation in the promoter region, but silenced tumor suppressor genes by promoter hypermethylation, resulting in cancer initiation and progression. Here we summarized the changes in DNA methylation in BaP exposure, and revealed the methylation of DNA plays a role in cancer development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huizeng Wang
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, the Affiliated Hospital of Inner Mongolia Medical University, Hohhot, 010050, China
| | - Bingchun Liu
- Stem Cell Research Center, the Affiliated Hospital of Inner Mongolia Medical University, Hohhot, 010050, China
| | - Hong Chen
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, the Affiliated Hospital of Inner Mongolia Medical University, Hohhot, 010050, China
| | - Peixin Xu
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, the Affiliated Hospital of Inner Mongolia Medical University, Hohhot, 010050, China
| | - Huiting Xue
- College of Basic Medicine, Inner Mongolia Medical University, Hohhot, 010010, China.
| | - Jianlong Yuan
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, the Affiliated Hospital of Inner Mongolia Medical University, Hohhot, 010050, China.
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Moubarz G, Saad-Hussein A, Shahy EM, Mahdy-Abdallah H, Mohammed AMF, Saleh IA, Abo-Zeid MAM, Abo-Elfadl MT. Lung cancer risk in workers occupationally exposed to polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons with emphasis on the role of DNA repair gene. Int Arch Occup Environ Health 2023; 96:313-329. [PMID: 36287252 PMCID: PMC9905182 DOI: 10.1007/s00420-022-01926-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/09/2022] [Accepted: 09/27/2022] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Workers in secondary aluminum production plants are occupationally exposed to polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs). We aimed to monitor the concentrations of PAHs in air and in serum of workers at two secondary aluminum production plants. We also investigated the potential risk of lung cancer development among PAHs exposed workers with emphasis on the role of A1AT mutation and APEX1 gene polymorphisms. METHODS This study included 177 workers from administrative departments and production lines. Blood samples were obtained for estimation of benzo(a)pyrene diol epoxide albumin adduct (BPDE-Alb adduct), anti-Cyclin-B1 marker (CCNB1) and squamous cell carcinoma antigen (SCCAg). Genes' polymorphism for human apurinic/apyrimidinic endonuclease (APEX1) and alpha-1-anti-trypsin (A1AT) gene mutation were detected. RESULTS There was a significant increase in the level of BPDE-Alb adduct among exposed workers in comparison to non-exposed group. Moreover, 41.67% of exposed workers in El Tebbin had BPDE-Alb adduct level ≥ 15 ng/ml versus 29.6% of workers in Helwan factory. There was a significant increase in tumor markers (SCCAg and CCNB1) among workers whose BPDE-Alb adduct ≥ 15 ng/ml. There was a significant increase in the level of BPDE-Alb adducts in exposed workers carrying homozygous APEX1 genotype Glu/Glu. Furthermore, exposed workers with the Glu/Glu genotype had high tumor markers levels. There was a significant increase in levels of BPDE-Alb adducts in workers carrying A1AT mutant allele. Moreover, workers with mutant A1AT genotype had significantly high tumor markers (SCCAg and CCNB1) levels. CONCLUSION Therefore, we conclude that aluminum workers may be at a potential risk of lung cancer development due to PAHs exposure. Although PAHs concentrations in air were within the permissible limits, yet evidence of DNA damage was present as expressed by high BPDE-albumin adduct level in exposed workers. Also, elevation of tumor markers (SCCAg and CCNB1) in exposed workers points to the importance of periodic biological monitoring of such workers to protect them from cancer risk.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gehan Moubarz
- Environmental and Occupational Medicine Department, Environment and Climate Change Research Institute, National Research Centre, Giza, Egypt.
| | - Amal Saad-Hussein
- Environmental and Occupational Medicine Department, Environment and Climate Change Research Institute, National Research Centre, Giza, Egypt
| | - Eman M. Shahy
- Environmental and Occupational Medicine Department, Environment and Climate Change Research Institute, National Research Centre, Giza, Egypt
| | - Heba Mahdy-Abdallah
- Environmental and Occupational Medicine Department, Environment and Climate Change Research Institute, National Research Centre, Giza, Egypt
| | - Atef M. F. Mohammed
- Air Pollution Research Department, Environment and Climate Change Research Institute, National Research Centre, Giza, Egypt
| | - Inas A. Saleh
- Air Pollution Research Department, Environment and Climate Change Research Institute, National Research Centre, Giza, Egypt
| | - Mona A. M. Abo-Zeid
- Genetics and Cytology Department, Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology Research Institute, National Research Centre, Giza, Egypt ,Cancer Biology and Genetics Laboratory, Centre of Excellence for Advanced Sciences, National Research Centre, Giza, Egypt
| | - Mahmoud T. Abo-Elfadl
- Cancer Biology and Genetics Laboratory, Centre of Excellence for Advanced Sciences, National Research Centre, Giza, Egypt ,Biochemistry Department, Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology Research Institute, National Research Centre, Giza, Egypt
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9
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Jiménez-Garza O, Ghosh M, Barrow TM, Godderis L. Toxicomethylomics revisited: A state-of-the-science review about DNA methylation modifications in blood cells from workers exposed to toxic agents. Front Public Health 2023; 11:1073658. [PMID: 36891347 PMCID: PMC9986591 DOI: 10.3389/fpubh.2023.1073658] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2022] [Accepted: 01/25/2023] [Indexed: 02/22/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction Epigenetic marks have been proposed as early changes, at the subcellular level, in disease development. To find more specific biomarkers of effect in occupational exposures to toxicants, DNA methylation studies in peripheral blood cells have been performed. The goal of this review is to summarize and contrast findings about DNA methylation in blood cells from workers exposed to toxicants. Methods A literature search was performed using PubMed and Web of Science. After first screening, we discarded all studies performed in vitro and in experimental animals, as well as those performed in other cell types other than peripheral blood cells. Results: 116 original research papers met the established criteria, published from 2007 to 2022. The most frequent investigated exposures/labor group were for benzene (18.9%) polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (15.5%), particulate matter (10.3%), lead (8.6%), pesticides (7.7%), radiation (4.3%), volatile organic compound mixtures (4.3%), welding fumes (3.4%) chromium (2.5%), toluene (2.5%), firefighters (2.5%), coal (1.7%), hairdressers (1.7%), nanoparticles (1.7%), vinyl chloride (1.7%), and others. Few longitudinal studies have been performed, as well as few of them have explored mitochondrial DNA methylation. Methylation platforms have evolved from analysis in repetitive elements (global methylation), gene-specific promoter methylation, to epigenome-wide studies. The most reported observations were global hypomethylation as well as promoter hypermethylation in exposed groups compared to controls, while methylation at DNA repair/oncogenes genes were the most studied; studies from genome-wide studies detect differentially methylated regions, which could be either hypo or hypermethylated. Discussion Some evidence from longitudinal studies suggest that modifications observed in cross-sectional designs may be transitory; then, we cannot say that DNA methylation changes are predictive of disease development due to those exposures. Conclusion Due to the heterogeneity in the genes studied, and scarcity of longitudinal studies, we are far away from considering DNA methylation changes as biomarkers of effect in occupational exposures, and nor can we establish a clear functional or pathological correlate for those epigenetic modifications associated with the studied exposures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Octavio Jiménez-Garza
- Health Sciences Institute, Autonomous University of Hidalgo State, Pachuca Hidalgo, Mexico
| | - Manosij Ghosh
- Environment and Health Department, Katholieke Universiteit Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Timothy M Barrow
- Faculty of Health Sciences and Wellbeing, University of Sunderland, Sunderland, United Kingdom
| | - Lode Godderis
- Environment and Health Department, Katholieke Universiteit Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
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Das DN, Ravi N. Influences of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon on the epigenome toxicity and its applicability in human health risk assessment. ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH 2022; 213:113677. [PMID: 35714684 DOI: 10.1016/j.envres.2022.113677] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2021] [Revised: 06/08/2022] [Accepted: 06/10/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
The existence of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) in ambient air is an escalating concern worldwide because of their ability to cause cancer and induce permanent changes in the genetic material. Growing evidence implies that during early life-sensitive stages, the risk of progression of acute and chronic diseases depends on epigenetic changes initiated by the influence of environmental cues. Several reports deciphered the relationship between exposure to environmental chemicals and epigenetics, and have known toxicants that alter the epigenetic states. Amongst PAHs, benzo[a]pyrene (B[a]P) is accepted as a group 1 cancer-causing agent by the International Agency for the Research on Cancer (IARC). B[a]P is a well-studied pro-carcinogen that is metabolically activated by the aryl hydrocarbon receptor (AhR)/cytochrome P450 pathway. Cytochrome P450 plays a pivotal role in the stimulation step, which is essential for DNA adduct formation. Accruing evidence suggests that epigenetic alterations assume a fundamental part in PAH-promoted carcinogenesis. This interaction between PAHs and epigenetic factors results in an altered profile of these marks, globally and locus-specific. Some of the epigenetic changes due to exposure to PAHs lead to increased disease susceptibility and progression. It is well understood that exposure to environmental carcinogens, such as PAH triggers disease pathways through changes in the genome. Several evidence reported due to the epigenome-wide association studies, that early life adverse environmental events may trigger widespread and persistent variations in transcriptional profiling. Moreover, these variations respond to DNA damage and/or a consequence of epigenetic modifications that need further investigation. Growing evidence has associated PAHs with epigenetic variations involving alterations in DNA methylation, histone modification, and micro RNA (miRNA) regulation. Epigenetic alterations to PAH exposure were related to chronic diseases, such as pulmonary disease, cardiovascular disease, endocrine disruptor, nervous system disorder, and cancer. This hormetic response gives a novel perception concerning the toxicity of PAHs and the biological reaction that may be a distinct reliance on exposure. This review sheds light on understanding the latest evidence about how PAHs can alter epigenetic patterns and human health. In conclusion, as several epigenetic change mechanisms remain unclear yet, further analyses derived from PAHs exposure must be performed to find new targets and disease biomarkers. In spite of the current limitations, numerous evidence supports the perception that epigenetics grips substantial potential for advancing our knowledge about the molecular mechanisms of environmental toxicants, also for predicting health-associated risks due to environmental circumstances exposure and individual susceptibility.
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Affiliation(s)
- Durgesh Nandini Das
- Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, MO, 63110, USA
| | - Nathan Ravi
- Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, MO, 63110, USA; Department of Energy, Environmental & Chemical Engineering, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, MO, 63130, USA; Institute for Public Health, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, MO, 63110, USA; Veterans Affairs St. Louis Hospital, St. Louis, MO, 63106, USA.
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11
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Klemp I, Hoffmann A, Müller L, Hagemann T, Horn K, Rohde-Zimmermann K, Tönjes A, Thiery J, Löffler M, Burkhardt R, Böttcher Y, Stumvoll M, Blüher M, Krohn K, Scholz M, Baber R, Franks PW, Kovacs P, Keller M. DNA methylation patterns reflect individual's lifestyle independent of obesity. Clin Transl Med 2022; 12:e851. [PMID: 35692099 PMCID: PMC9189420 DOI: 10.1002/ctm2.851] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2022] [Revised: 03/09/2022] [Accepted: 04/15/2022] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Obesity is driven by modifiable lifestyle factors whose effects may be mediated by epigenetics. Therefore, we investigated lifestyle effects on blood DNA methylation in participants of the LIFE-Adult study, a well-characterised population-based cohort from Germany. RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS Lifestyle scores (LS) based on diet, physical activity, smoking and alcohol intake were calculated in 4107 participants of the LIFE-Adult study. Fifty subjects with an extremely healthy lifestyle and 50 with an extremely unhealthy lifestyle (5th and 95th percentiles LS) were selected for genome-wide DNA methylation analysis in blood samples employing Illumina Infinium® Methylation EPIC BeadChip system technology. RESULTS Differences in DNA methylation patterns between body mass index groups (<25 vs. >30 kg/m2 ) were rather marginal compared to inter-lifestyle differences (0 vs. 145 differentially methylated positions [DMPs]), which identified 4682 differentially methylated regions (DMRs; false discovery rate [FDR <5%) annotated to 4426 unique genes. A DMR annotated to the glutamine-fructose-6-phosphate transaminase 2 (GFPT2) locus showed the strongest hypomethylation (∼6.9%), and one annotated to glutamate rich 1 (ERICH1) showed the strongest hypermethylation (∼5.4%) in healthy compared to unhealthy lifestyle individuals. Intersection analysis showed that diet, physical activity, smoking and alcohol intake equally contributed to the observed differences, which affected, among others, pathways related to glutamatergic synapses (adj. p < .01) and axon guidance (adj. p < .05). We showed that methylation age correlates with chronological age and waist-to-hip ratio with lower DNA methylation age (DNAmAge) acceleration distances in participants with healthy lifestyles. Finally, two identified top DMPs for the alanyl aminopeptidase (ANPEP) locus also showed the strongest expression quantitative trait methylation in blood. CONCLUSIONS DNA methylation patterns help discriminate individuals with a healthy versus unhealthy lifestyle, which may mask subtle methylation differences derived from obesity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ireen Klemp
- Medical Department III-Endocrinology, Nephrology, Rheumatology, University of Leipzig Medical Center, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Anne Hoffmann
- Helmholtz Institute for Metabolic, Obesity and Vascular Research (HI-MAG), Helmholtz Zentrum München, University of Leipzig and University Hospital Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Luise Müller
- Medical Department III-Endocrinology, Nephrology, Rheumatology, University of Leipzig Medical Center, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Tobias Hagemann
- Helmholtz Institute for Metabolic, Obesity and Vascular Research (HI-MAG), Helmholtz Zentrum München, University of Leipzig and University Hospital Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Kathrin Horn
- Institute for Medical Informatics, Statistics and Epidemiology, University of Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Kerstin Rohde-Zimmermann
- Medical Department III-Endocrinology, Nephrology, Rheumatology, University of Leipzig Medical Center, Leipzig, Germany.,Helmholtz Institute for Metabolic, Obesity and Vascular Research (HI-MAG), Helmholtz Zentrum München, University of Leipzig and University Hospital Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Anke Tönjes
- Medical Department III-Endocrinology, Nephrology, Rheumatology, University of Leipzig Medical Center, Leipzig, Germany
| | | | - Markus Löffler
- Institute for Medical Informatics, Statistics and Epidemiology, University of Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Ralph Burkhardt
- Institute of Clinical Chemistry and Laboratory Medicine, University Hospital Regensburg, Regensburg, Germany
| | - Yvonne Böttcher
- Department of Clinical Molecular Biology, Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway.,Medical Division, Akershus University Hospital, Lørenskog, Norway
| | - Michael Stumvoll
- Medical Department III-Endocrinology, Nephrology, Rheumatology, University of Leipzig Medical Center, Leipzig, Germany.,Helmholtz Institute for Metabolic, Obesity and Vascular Research (HI-MAG), Helmholtz Zentrum München, University of Leipzig and University Hospital Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany.,Deutsches Zentrum für Diabetesforschung, Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Matthias Blüher
- Medical Department III-Endocrinology, Nephrology, Rheumatology, University of Leipzig Medical Center, Leipzig, Germany.,Helmholtz Institute for Metabolic, Obesity and Vascular Research (HI-MAG), Helmholtz Zentrum München, University of Leipzig and University Hospital Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Knut Krohn
- Medical Faculty, University of Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Markus Scholz
- Institute for Medical Informatics, Statistics and Epidemiology, University of Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany.,LIFE Leipzig Research Center for Civilization Diseases, University of Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Ronny Baber
- Medical Faculty, University of Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany.,LIFE Leipzig Research Center for Civilization Diseases, University of Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Paul W Franks
- Genetic and Molecular Epidemiology Unit, Department of Clinical Sciences, Lund University, Skåne University Hospital, Malmö, Sweden
| | - Peter Kovacs
- Medical Department III-Endocrinology, Nephrology, Rheumatology, University of Leipzig Medical Center, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Maria Keller
- Medical Department III-Endocrinology, Nephrology, Rheumatology, University of Leipzig Medical Center, Leipzig, Germany.,Helmholtz Institute for Metabolic, Obesity and Vascular Research (HI-MAG), Helmholtz Zentrum München, University of Leipzig and University Hospital Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany
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12
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Jacobsen KK, Schnohr P, Jensen GB, Bojesen SE. AHRR (cg5575921) methylation safely improves specificity of lung cancer screening eligibility criteria: A cohort study. Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev 2022; 31:758-765. [DOI: 10.1158/1055-9965.epi-21-1059] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2021] [Revised: 11/19/2021] [Accepted: 01/04/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
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13
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Chen Z, Tian Z, Liu X, Sun W. The potential risks and exposure of Qinling giant pandas to polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon (PAH) pollution. ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (BARKING, ESSEX : 1987) 2022; 292:118294. [PMID: 34626712 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2021.118294] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/26/2021] [Revised: 09/28/2021] [Accepted: 10/04/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Rapid industrialization and urbanization have created a substantial urban-rural gradient for various pollutants. The Qinling Mountains are highly important in terms of biodiversity, providing habitat for giant pandas, which are endemic to China and are a widely recognized symbol for conservation. Whether polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon (PAH) exposure risks regarding in situ animal conservation zones are affected by environmental pollution or even enhanced by the mountain-trapping effect requires further research. Our group carried out a large-scale investigation on the area ranging from Xi'an to Hanzhong across the giant panda habitat in the Qinling Mountains by collecting atmosphere, soil, bamboo, and fecal samples from different sites over a two-year period. The total toxicity of atmospheric PAHs and the frequencies of soil PAHs above effect range low (ERL) values showed a decreasing trend from urban areas to the central mountains, suggesting a distance effect from the city. The proportions of total 5- and 6-ring PAHs in the atmosphere were higher in the central mountainous areas than in the urban areas, while this difference was reversed in the soil. Health risk assessments showed that the incremental lifetime carcinogenic risks (ILCR) of PAH exposure by bamboo ingestion ranged from 2.16 × 10-4 to 3.11 × 10-4, above the critical level of 10-4. Bamboo ingestion was the main driver of the PAH exposure risks. The concentration difference between bamboo and fecal samples provided a reference for the level of PAHs absorbed by the panda digestive system. Since the Qinling Mountains possess the highest density of giant pandas and provide habitats to many other endangered animal and plant species, we should not ignore the probability of health risks posed by PAHs. Monitoring the pollution level and reducing the atmospheric emissions of toxic pollutants are recommended actions. Further detailed research should also be implemented on pandas' health effects of contaminant exposure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhigang Chen
- State Key Joint Laboratory of Environmental Simulation and Pollution Control, And School of Environment, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084, China
| | - Zhaoxue Tian
- State Key Joint Laboratory of Environmental Simulation and Pollution Control, And School of Environment, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084, China
| | - Xuehua Liu
- State Key Joint Laboratory of Environmental Simulation and Pollution Control, And School of Environment, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084, China.
| | - Wanlong Sun
- State Key Joint Laboratory of Environmental Simulation and Pollution Control, And School of Environment, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084, China
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14
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Liu K, Jiang J, Lin Y, Liu W, Zhu X, Zhang Y, Jiang H, Yu K, Liu X, Zhou M, Yuan Y, Long P, Wang Q, Zhang X, He M, Chen W, Guo H, Wu T. Exposure to polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons, DNA methylation and heart rate variability among non-current smokers. ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (BARKING, ESSEX : 1987) 2021; 288:117777. [PMID: 34265559 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2021.117777] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/11/2021] [Revised: 04/28/2021] [Accepted: 07/09/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) exposure is associated with heart rate variability (HRV) reduction, a widely used marker of cardiovascular autonomic dysfunction. The role of DNA methylation in the relationship between PAHs exposure and decreased HRV is largely unknown. This study aims to explore epigenome-wide DNA methylation changes associated with PAHs exposure and further evaluate their associations with HRV alternations among non-current smokers. We measured 10 mono-hydroxylated PAHs (OH-PAHs) in urine and DNA methylation levels in blood leukocytes among participants from three panels of Chinese non-current smokers (152 in WHZH, 99 in SY, and 53 in COW). We conducted linear regression analyses between DNA methylation and OH-PAHs metabolites with adjustment for age, gender, body mass index, drinking, blood cell counts, and surrogate variables in each panel separately, and combined the results by using inverse-variance weighted fixed-effect meta-analysis to obtain estimates of effect size. The median value of total OH-PAHs ranged from 0.92 × 10-2 in SY panel (62.6% men) to 13.82 × 10-2 μmol/mmol creatinine in COW panel (43.4% men). The results showed that methylation levels of cg18223625 (COL20A1) and cg07805771 (SLC16A1) were significantly or marginally significantly associated with urinary 2-hydroxynaphthalene [β(SE) = 0.431(0.074) and 0.354(0.068), FDR = 0.016 and 0.056, respectively], while methylation level of cg09235308 (PLEC1) was positively associated with urinary total OH-PAHs [β(SE) = 0.478(0.079), FDR = 0.004]. Hypermethylations of cg18223625, cg07805771, and cg09235308 were inversely associated with HRV indices among the WHZH and COW non-current smokers. However, we did not observe significant epigenome-wide associations for the other 9 urinary OH-PAHs. These findings provide new evidence that PAHs exposure is linked to differential DNA methylation, which may help better understand the influences of PAHs exposure on HRV alternations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kang Liu
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, Key Laboratory of Environment and Health, Ministry of Education and State Key Laboratory of Environmental Health (Incubating), School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430030, China
| | - Jing Jiang
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, Key Laboratory of Environment and Health, Ministry of Education and State Key Laboratory of Environmental Health (Incubating), School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430030, China
| | - Yuhui Lin
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, Key Laboratory of Environment and Health, Ministry of Education and State Key Laboratory of Environmental Health (Incubating), School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430030, China
| | - Wei Liu
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, Key Laboratory of Environment and Health, Ministry of Education and State Key Laboratory of Environmental Health (Incubating), School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430030, China
| | - Xiaoyan Zhu
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, Key Laboratory of Environment and Health, Ministry of Education and State Key Laboratory of Environmental Health (Incubating), School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430030, China; Suzhou Center for Disease Prevention and Control, Suzhou, 215004, China
| | - Yizhi Zhang
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, Key Laboratory of Environment and Health, Ministry of Education and State Key Laboratory of Environmental Health (Incubating), School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430030, China
| | - Haijing Jiang
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, Key Laboratory of Environment and Health, Ministry of Education and State Key Laboratory of Environmental Health (Incubating), School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430030, China
| | - Kuai Yu
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, Key Laboratory of Environment and Health, Ministry of Education and State Key Laboratory of Environmental Health (Incubating), School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430030, China
| | - Xuezhen Liu
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, Key Laboratory of Environment and Health, Ministry of Education and State Key Laboratory of Environmental Health (Incubating), School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430030, China
| | - Min Zhou
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, Key Laboratory of Environment and Health, Ministry of Education and State Key Laboratory of Environmental Health (Incubating), School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430030, China
| | - Yu Yuan
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, Key Laboratory of Environment and Health, Ministry of Education and State Key Laboratory of Environmental Health (Incubating), School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430030, China
| | - Pinpin Long
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, Key Laboratory of Environment and Health, Ministry of Education and State Key Laboratory of Environmental Health (Incubating), School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430030, China
| | - Qiuhong Wang
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, Key Laboratory of Environment and Health, Ministry of Education and State Key Laboratory of Environmental Health (Incubating), School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430030, China
| | - Xiaomin Zhang
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, Key Laboratory of Environment and Health, Ministry of Education and State Key Laboratory of Environmental Health (Incubating), School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430030, China
| | - Meian He
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, Key Laboratory of Environment and Health, Ministry of Education and State Key Laboratory of Environmental Health (Incubating), School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430030, China
| | - Weihong Chen
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, Key Laboratory of Environment and Health, Ministry of Education and State Key Laboratory of Environmental Health (Incubating), School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430030, China
| | - Huan Guo
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, Key Laboratory of Environment and Health, Ministry of Education and State Key Laboratory of Environmental Health (Incubating), School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430030, China.
| | - Tangchun Wu
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, Key Laboratory of Environment and Health, Ministry of Education and State Key Laboratory of Environmental Health (Incubating), School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430030, China
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15
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Luo Y, Sun F, Peng X, Dong D, Ou W, Xie Y, Luo Y. Integrated Bioinformatics Analysis to Identify Abnormal Methylated Differentially Expressed Genes for Predicting Prognosis of Human Colon Cancer. Int J Gen Med 2021; 14:4745-4756. [PMID: 34466019 PMCID: PMC8403012 DOI: 10.2147/ijgm.s324483] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2021] [Accepted: 08/06/2021] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective To identify the value of key differentially expressed genes (DEGs) regulated by differentially methylated regions (DMRs) in predicting the prognosis of human colon cancer. Materials and Methods RNA sequencing data and DNA methylation data of 455 colon adenocarcinoma (COAD) cases and 41 normal controls were downloaded from The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA). Gene Ontology (GO) functional enrichment and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) pathway enrichment analyses were performed by the DAVID database. To identify the hub genes regulated by methylation, univariate Cox and multivariate Cox regression analyses were carried out. A nomogram based on the risk score was built to identify the power of the hub genes to predict prognosis in patients with colon cancer. Results A total of 133 DEGs regulated by DMRs were identified through analyzing RNA sequencing data and DNA methylation data from TCGA. GO functional enrichment and KEGG pathway enrichment analysis showed the genes involved in the initiation and progression of colon cancer. Univariate Cox regression analysis and multivariate Cox regression analysis focused on the seven hub genes (CDH4, CR2, KRT85, LGI4, NPAS4, RUVBL1 and SP140) associated with overall survival, the expression of which negatively correlated with their methylation level. The risk score and nomogram model showed that the hub genes served as potential biomarkers for the prognosis prediction of patients with colon cancer. Conclusion Our findings suggest that the DEGs regulated by DMRs are involved in the carcinogenesis and development of colon cancer, and the aberrantly methylated DEGs associated with overall survival of patients may be potential diagnostic and therapeutic targets for colon cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanbo Luo
- Department of Gastrointestinal and Hepatobiliary Surgery, Shenzhen Longhua District Central Hospital, Shenzhen, 518110, Guangdong, People's Republic of China
| | - Fenglin Sun
- Department of Gastrointestinal and Hepatobiliary Surgery, Shenzhen Longhua District Central Hospital, Shenzhen, 518110, Guangdong, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiaowen Peng
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Nansha Hospital, Guangzhou First People's Hospital, School of Medicine, Southern China University of Technology, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 511457, People's Republic of China
| | - Dong Dong
- Department of General Surgery, Nansha Hospital, Guangzhou First People's Hospital, School of Medicine, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, 511457, Guangdong, People's Republic of China
| | - Wentao Ou
- Department of General Surgery, Nansha Hospital, Guangzhou First People's Hospital, School of Medicine, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, 511457, Guangdong, People's Republic of China
| | - Yongke Xie
- Department of General Surgery, Nansha Hospital, Guangzhou First People's Hospital, School of Medicine, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, 511457, Guangdong, People's Republic of China
| | - Yuqi Luo
- Department of Gastrointestinal and Hepatobiliary Surgery, Shenzhen Longhua District Central Hospital, Shenzhen, 518110, Guangdong, People's Republic of China
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16
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Ghildina AR, Zavershinskiy IP, Mebel AM, Vinogradov KY, Bulanova AV, Zhu H. Theoretical Study of the Mechanism and Kinetics of the Oxidation of Cyclopenta[ a]Naphthalenyl Radical C 13H 9 with Molecular Oxygen. J Phys Chem A 2021; 125:6796-6804. [PMID: 34323493 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpca.1c05421] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Electronic structure/Rice-Ramsperger-Kassel-Marcus Master equation calculations were applied to unravel the oxidation mechanism and kinetics of the cyclopenta[a]naphthalenyl radical with molecular oxygen. The reaction has been shown to proceed through the addition of O2 in the ortho-position in the five-membered ring of C13H9. At low temperatures, the reaction yields a collisionally stabilized C13H9O2 complex, which rapidly decomposes back to the reactants. In the high-temperature regime, above 800, 900, 1125, and 1375 K at pressures of 0.03, 1, 10, and 100 atm, respectively, the reaction forms bimolecular products including 3H-/1H-cyclopenta[a]naphthalen-3-one + OH as the prevailing product together with 1-ethanol-substituted 2-naphthyl radical + CO and 3H-benzo[f]chromen-3-one + H as minor ones, with the branching ratio of the OH elimination channel growing with temperature and the rate constants for the individual bimolecular channels being independent of pressure. The calculated rate constants and product branching for cyclopenta[a]naphthalenyl + O2 closely agree with those reported earlier for the indenyl + O2 reaction and are recommended for the combustion kinetic models for the oxidation reactions of five-membered rings on free edges of larger polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon molecules. The results also confirm that the oxidation of a π radical located on a five-membered ring with molecular oxygen is very slow.
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Affiliation(s)
- A R Ghildina
- Lebedev Physical Institute, Samara 443011, Russia
| | | | - A M Mebel
- Samara University, Samara 443086, Russia.,Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Florida International University, Miami, Florida 33199, United States
| | | | | | - Hong Zhu
- Institute of Modern Catalysis, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing 100029, People's Republic of China
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17
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Wilson SL, Wallingford M. Epigenetic regulation of reproduction in human and in animal models. Mol Hum Reprod 2021; 27:6329199. [PMID: 34318322 DOI: 10.1093/molehr/gaab041] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/25/2021] [Revised: 06/07/2021] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Samantha L Wilson
- Princess Margaret Cancer Centre, University Health Network, Toronto Medical Discovery Tower, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Mary Wallingford
- Mother Infant Research Institute, Tufts Medical Center, Boston, MA, USA.,Division of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Tufts University School of Medicine, Boston, MA, USA
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18
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Stading R, Gastelum G, Chu C, Jiang W, Moorthy B. Molecular mechanisms of pulmonary carcinogenesis by polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs): Implications for human lung cancer. Semin Cancer Biol 2021; 76:3-16. [PMID: 34242741 DOI: 10.1016/j.semcancer.2021.07.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 79] [Impact Index Per Article: 26.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2021] [Revised: 07/01/2021] [Accepted: 07/02/2021] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Abstract
Lung cancer has the second highest incidence and highest mortality compared to all other cancers. Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon (PAH) molecules belong to a class of compounds that are present in tobacco smoke, diesel exhausts, smoked foods, as well as particulate matter (PM). PAH-derived reactive metabolites are significant contributors to lung cancer development. The formation of these reactive metabolites entails metabolism of the parent PAHs by cytochrome P4501A1/1B1 (CYP1A1/1B1) and epoxide hydrolase enzymes. These reactive metabolites then react with DNA to form DNA adducts, which contribute to key gene mutations, such as the tumor suppressor gene, p53 and are linked to pulmonary carcinogenesis. PAH exposure also leads to upregulation of CYP1A1 transcription by binding to the aryl hydrocarbon receptor (AHR) and eliciting transcription of the CYP1A1 promoter, which comprises specific xenobiotic-responsive element (XREs). While hepatic and pulmonary CYP1A1/1B1 metabolize PAHs to DNA-reactive metabolites, the hepatic CYP1A2, however, may protect against lung tumor development by suppressing both liver and lung CYP1A1 enzymes. Further analysis of these enzymes has shown that PAH-exposure also induces sustained transcription of CYP1A1, which is independent of the persistence of the parent PAH. CYP1A2 enzyme plays an important role in the sustained induction of hepatic CYP1A1. PAH exposure may further contribute to pulmonary carcinogenesis by producing epigenetic alterations. DNA methylation, histone modification, long interspersed nuclear element (LINE-1) activation, and non-coding RNA, specifically microRNA (miRNA) alterations may all be induced by PAH exposure. The relationship between PAH-induced enzymatic reactive metabolite formation and epigenetic alterations is a key area of research that warrants further exploration. Investigation into the potential interplay between these two mechanisms may lead to further understanding of the mechanisms of PAH carcinogenesis. These mechanisms will be crucial for the development of effective targeted therapies and early diagnostic tools.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rachel Stading
- Section of Neonatology, Department of Pediatrics, Baylor College of Medicine, Texas Children's Hospital, Houston, TX, United States
| | - Grady Gastelum
- Section of Neonatology, Department of Pediatrics, Baylor College of Medicine, Texas Children's Hospital, Houston, TX, United States
| | - Chun Chu
- Section of Neonatology, Department of Pediatrics, Baylor College of Medicine, Texas Children's Hospital, Houston, TX, United States
| | - Weiwu Jiang
- Section of Neonatology, Department of Pediatrics, Baylor College of Medicine, Texas Children's Hospital, Houston, TX, United States
| | - Bhagavatula Moorthy
- Section of Neonatology, Department of Pediatrics, Baylor College of Medicine, Texas Children's Hospital, Houston, TX, United States.
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19
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Guo J, Huang J, Wang Q, Fang L, Zhang S, Li B, Lv L, Chen M, Wang C. Maternal exposure to phenanthrene during gestation disturbs glucose homeostasis in adult mouse offspring. CHEMOSPHERE 2021; 270:128635. [PMID: 33757275 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2020.128635] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2020] [Revised: 10/08/2020] [Accepted: 10/11/2020] [Indexed: 05/21/2023]
Abstract
Epidemiological studies have indicated that polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons were related to diabetes and insulin resistance. However, studies in mammals on the development of diabetes caused by polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons are lacking. Pregnant mice were orally exposed to phenanthrene (0, 60 and 600 μg kg-1 body weight) once every 3 days during gestation. In adult mouse offspring, in-utero phenanthrene exposure caused glucose intolerance and decreased insulin levels in females, while caused elevated fasting blood glucose and insulin levels in males. Serum resistin and interleukin-6 levels were elevated in offspring of both sexes. Serum adiponectin levels were decreased in females but increased in males. The insulin receptor signals were upregulated in the liver and downregulated in the skeletal muscle of F1 females, while they were inhibited in both tissues of F1 males. The visceral fat weight and body weight of the treated mice were not increased, suggesting that phenanthrene is not an obesogen, which is supported by the nonsignificant alteration in pparγ transcription in visceral adipose tissue. The transcription of retn in visceral adipose tissue was upregulated in both sexes, and that of adipoq was downregulated in females but upregulated in males, which were matched with the promoter methylation levels of these genes. The results indicated that phenanthrene exposure during gestation could disturb adipocytokine levels via epigenetic modification in adult offspring, and further influence glucose metabolism. These results might be helpful for understanding nonobesogenic pollutant-induced insulin resistance and preventing against diabetes without obesity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiaojiao Guo
- State Key Laboratory of Cellular Stress Biology, School of Life Sciences, Xiamen University, Xiamen, PR China
| | - Jie Huang
- State Key Laboratory of Cellular Stress Biology, School of Life Sciences, Xiamen University, Xiamen, PR China
| | - Qian Wang
- College of Environment & Ecology, Xiamen University, Xiamen, PR China
| | - Lu Fang
- State Key Laboratory of Cellular Stress Biology, School of Life Sciences, Xiamen University, Xiamen, PR China
| | - Shenli Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Cellular Stress Biology, School of Life Sciences, Xiamen University, Xiamen, PR China
| | - Bingshui Li
- State Key Laboratory of Cellular Stress Biology, School of Life Sciences, Xiamen University, Xiamen, PR China
| | - Liangju Lv
- State Key Laboratory of Cellular Stress Biology, School of Life Sciences, Xiamen University, Xiamen, PR China
| | - Meng Chen
- College of Environment & Ecology, Xiamen University, Xiamen, PR China.
| | - Chonggang Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Cellular Stress Biology, School of Life Sciences, Xiamen University, Xiamen, PR China.
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20
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Tantoh DM, Wu MC, Chuang CC, Chen PH, Tyan YS, Nfor ON, Lu WY, Liaw YP. AHRR cg05575921 methylation in relation to smoking and PM 2.5 exposure among Taiwanese men and women. Clin Epigenetics 2020; 12:117. [PMID: 32736658 PMCID: PMC7394684 DOI: 10.1186/s13148-020-00908-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2019] [Accepted: 07/20/2020] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon (PAH)-rich substances like cigarette smoke and PM2.5 induce aryl hydrocarbon receptor (AHR)-mediated aryl hydrocarbon receptor repressor (AHRR) methylation. AHRR cg05575921 and coagulation factor II (thrombin) receptor-like 3 (F2RL3) cg03636183 methylation patterns are well-established biomarkers for smoking. Even though AHRR cg05575921 methylation has recently been associated with PM2.5, the interaction between smoking and PM2.5 on AHRR methylation is yet to be fully explored. We evaluated AHRR and F2RL3 CpG sites to identify potential significant markers in relation to PM2.5 and smoking in Taiwanese adults. Methods DNA methylation and smoking data of 948 participants aged 30–70 years were obtained from the Taiwan Biobank Database (2008–2015), while PM2.5 data were obtained from the Air Quality Monitoring Database (2006–2011). Results Smoking and PM2.5 were independently associated with hypomethylation (lower levels) of AHRR cg05575921, AHRR cg23576855, F2RL3 cg03636183, and F2LR3 cg21911711 after multiple-comparison correction (Bonferroni P < 0.00028409). Cg05575921 was the most hypomethylated AHRR CpG site, while cg03636183 was the most hypomethylated F2RL3 CpG site. Overall, cg05575921 was the most hypomethylated CpG site: β = − 0.03909, P < 0.0001; − 0.17536, P < 0.0001 for former and current smoking, respectively (P-trendsmoking < 0.0001) and − 0.00141, P < 0.0001 for PM2.5. After adjusting for F2RL3 cg03636183, smoking and PM2.5 remained significantly associated with cg05575921 hypomethylation: β − 0.02221, P < 0.0001; − 0.11578, P < 0.0001 for former and current smoking, respectively (P-trendsmoking < 0.0001) and − 0.0070, P = 0.0120 for PM2.5. After stratification by sex, smoking and PM2.5 remained associated (P < 0.05) with cg05575921 hypomethylation in both men (β = − 0.04274, − 0.17700, and − 0.00163 for former smoking, current smoking, and PM2.5, respectively) and women (β = − 0.01937, − 0.17255, and − 0.00105 for former smoking, current smoking, and PM2.5, respectively). After stratification by residential area, former and current smoking remained associated (P < 0.05) with cg05575921 hypomethylation: β = − 0.03918 and − 0.17536, respectively (P-trendsmoking < 0.0001). Living in the central and southern areas was also associated (P < 0.05) with cg05575921 hypomethylation: β = − 0.01356 and − 0.01970, respectively (P-trendarea < 0.0001). Conclusion Smoking and PM2.5 were independently associated with hypomethylation of cg05575921, cg23576855, cg03636183, and cg21911711. The most hypomethylated CpG site was cg05575921 and its association with smoking and PM2.5 was dose-dependent.
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Affiliation(s)
- Disline Manli Tantoh
- Department of Medical Imaging, Chung Shan Medical University Hospital, Taichung City, Taiwan.,Department of Public Health and Institute of Public Health, Chung Shan Medical University, No. 110, Sec. 1 Jianguo N. Rd, Taichung City, 40201, Taiwan
| | - Ming-Chi Wu
- Department of Medical Imaging, Chung Shan Medical University Hospital, Taichung City, Taiwan.,School of Medicine, Chung Shan Medical University, Taichung City, Taiwan.,School of Medical Imaging and Radiological Sciences, Chung Shan Medical University, Taichung City, Taiwan.,School of Medical Informatics, Chung Shan Medical University, Taichung City, 40201, Taiwan
| | - Chun-Chao Chuang
- Department of Medical Imaging, Chung Shan Medical University Hospital, Taichung City, Taiwan.,School of Medical Imaging and Radiological Sciences, Chung Shan Medical University, Taichung City, Taiwan
| | - Pei-Hsin Chen
- Department of Public Health and Institute of Public Health, Chung Shan Medical University, No. 110, Sec. 1 Jianguo N. Rd, Taichung City, 40201, Taiwan
| | - Yeu Sheng Tyan
- Department of Medical Imaging, Chung Shan Medical University Hospital, Taichung City, Taiwan.,School of Medicine, Chung Shan Medical University, Taichung City, Taiwan.,School of Medical Imaging and Radiological Sciences, Chung Shan Medical University, Taichung City, Taiwan.,Medical Imaging and Big Data Center, Chung Shan Medical University Hospital, Taichung City, Taiwan
| | - Oswald Ndi Nfor
- Department of Public Health and Institute of Public Health, Chung Shan Medical University, No. 110, Sec. 1 Jianguo N. Rd, Taichung City, 40201, Taiwan
| | - Wen-Yu Lu
- Department of Public Health and Institute of Public Health, Chung Shan Medical University, No. 110, Sec. 1 Jianguo N. Rd, Taichung City, 40201, Taiwan
| | - Yung-Po Liaw
- Department of Medical Imaging, Chung Shan Medical University Hospital, Taichung City, Taiwan. .,Department of Public Health and Institute of Public Health, Chung Shan Medical University, No. 110, Sec. 1 Jianguo N. Rd, Taichung City, 40201, Taiwan. .,Medical Imaging and Big Data Center, Chung Shan Medical University Hospital, Taichung City, Taiwan.
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21
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Alhamdow A, Essig YJ, Krais AM, Gustavsson P, Tinnerberg H, Lindh CH, Hagberg J, Graff P, Albin M, Broberg K. Fluorene exposure among PAH-exposed workers is associated with epigenetic markers related to lung cancer. Occup Environ Med 2020; 77:488-495. [PMID: 32385190 PMCID: PMC7306866 DOI: 10.1136/oemed-2020-106413] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/09/2020] [Revised: 04/02/2020] [Accepted: 04/05/2020] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Abstract
Objectives Exposure to high-molecular-weight polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) may cause cancer in chimney sweeps and creosote-exposed workers, however, knowledge about exposure to low-molecular-weight PAHs in relation to cancer risk is limited. In this study, we aimed to investigate occupational exposure to the low-molecular-weight PAHs phenanthrene and fluorene in relation to different cancer biomarkers. Methods We recruited 151 chimney sweeps, 19 creosote-exposed workers and 152 unexposed workers (controls), all men. We measured monohydroxylated metabolites of phenanthrene and fluorene in urine using liquid chromatography coupled to tandem mass spectrometry. We measured, in peripheral blood, the cancer biomarkers telomere length and mitochondrial DNA copy number using quantitative PCR; and DNA methylation of F2RL3 and AHRR using pyrosequencing. Results Median PAH metabolite concentrations were higher among chimney sweeps (up to 3 times) and creosote-exposed workers (up to 353 times), compared with controls (p<0.001; adjusted for age and smoking). ∑OH-fluorene (sum of 2-hydroxyfluorene and 3-hydroxyfluorene) showed inverse associations with percentage DNA methylation of F2RL3 and AHRR in chimney sweeps (B (95% CI)=–2.7 (–3.9 to –1.5) for F2RL3_cg03636183, and –7.1 (–9.6 to –4.7) for AHRR_cg05575921: adjusted for age and smoking), but not in creosote-exposed workers. In addition, ∑OH-fluorene showed a 42% mediation effect on the inverse association between being a chimney sweep and DNA methylation of AHRR CpG2. Conclusions Chimney sweeps and creosote-exposed workers were occupationally exposed to low-molecular-weight PAHs. Increasing fluorene exposure, among chimney sweeps, was associated with lower DNA methylation of F2RL3 and AHRR, markers for increased lung cancer risk. These findings warrant further investigation of fluorene exposure and toxicity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ayman Alhamdow
- Institute of Environmental Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Yona J Essig
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Division of Occupational and Environmental Medicine, Lund University, Lund, Sweden
| | - Annette M Krais
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Division of Occupational and Environmental Medicine, Lund University, Lund, Sweden
| | - Per Gustavsson
- Institute of Environmental Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden.,Region Stockholm, Centre for Occupational and Environmental Medicine, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Håkan Tinnerberg
- School of Public Health and Community Medicine, Section of Occupational and Environmental Medicine, University of Gothenburg Sahlgrenska Academy, Göteborg, Sweden
| | - Christian H Lindh
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Division of Occupational and Environmental Medicine, Lund University, Lund, Sweden
| | - Jessika Hagberg
- MTM Research Centre, Örebro universitet Akademin för Naturvetenskap och Teknik, Orebro, Sweden.,Department of Occupational and Environmental Medicine, Faculty of Medicine and Health, Örebro University, Örebro, Sweden
| | - Pål Graff
- Department of Chemical and Biological Work Environment, STAMI, Oslo, Norway
| | - Maria Albin
- Institute of Environmental Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden.,Department of Laboratory Medicine, Division of Occupational and Environmental Medicine, Lund University, Lund, Sweden.,Region Stockholm, Centre for Occupational and Environmental Medicine, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Karin Broberg
- Institute of Environmental Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden .,Department of Laboratory Medicine, Division of Occupational and Environmental Medicine, Lund University, Lund, Sweden
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22
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Alhamdow A, Tinnerberg H, Lindh C, Albin M, Broberg K. Cancer-related proteins in serum are altered in workers occupationally exposed to polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons: a cross-sectional study. Carcinogenesis 2020; 40:771-781. [PMID: 30753342 PMCID: PMC6612054 DOI: 10.1093/carcin/bgz022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/24/2018] [Revised: 01/04/2019] [Accepted: 02/07/2019] [Indexed: 01/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Exposure to some polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAH) increases the risk of cancer and is common particularly for workers in occupations such as chimney sweeping. In exposed workers, screening of early cancer-related markers provides important information to identify individuals at risk. Here, we aimed to elucidate the associations between PAH exposure and serum levels of cancer-related proteins in 118 chimney sweeps and 126 occupationally unexposed controls, all non-smoking males from Sweden. Monoydroxylated metabolites of pyrene, phenanthrene, benzo[a]pyrene and benzo[a]anthracene were measured in urine using liquid chromatography coupled to tandem mass spectrometry and 90 cancer-related proteins were measured in serum using a proximity extension assay. Linear regression analysis adjusted for age and body mass index, and false discovery rate (FDR) identified 17 serum proteins that were differentially expressed (16 upregulated and 1 downregulated) in chimney sweeps compared with controls (FDR < 0.05). Concentrations of the peptidase kallikrein 13 (KLK13) showed significant positive associations with urinary concentrations of the PAH metabolites 3-hydroxybenzo[a]pyrene (3-OH-BaP) [B, 95% confidence interval (CI): 0.042, 0.008–0.076] and 3-hydroxybenzo[a]anthracene (3-OH-BaA) (B, 95% CI: 0.068, 0.002–0.134). Moreover, dose–response relationships were observed between KLK13 and 3-OH-BaP (trend test P = 0.027) and 3-OH-BaA (P = 0.035). Pathway and gene ontology analyses showed that cell movement, cell adhesion and cell migration were the predominant molecular functions associated with the top differentially expressed proteins. In conclusion, we found a number of putative cancer-related proteins differentially expressed in workers exposed to PAH. This warrants effective measure to reduce PAH exposure among workers as well as further investigation to confirm these findings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ayman Alhamdow
- Institute of Environmental Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Håkan Tinnerberg
- Division of Occupational and Environmental Medicine, Department of Laboratory Medicine, Lund University, Lund, Sweden
| | - Christian Lindh
- Division of Occupational and Environmental Medicine, Department of Laboratory Medicine, Lund University, Lund, Sweden
| | - Maria Albin
- Institute of Environmental Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden.,Division of Occupational and Environmental Medicine, Department of Laboratory Medicine, Lund University, Lund, Sweden.,Centre for Occupational and Environmental Medicine (CAMM), Stockholm County Council, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Karin Broberg
- Institute of Environmental Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden.,Division of Occupational and Environmental Medicine, Department of Laboratory Medicine, Lund University, Lund, Sweden
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23
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Zhao S, Lv N, Li Y, Liu T, Sun Y, Chu X. Identification and characterization of methylation-mediated transcriptional dysregulation dictate methylation roles in preeclampsia. Hum Genomics 2020; 14:5. [PMID: 32000849 PMCID: PMC6993410 DOI: 10.1186/s40246-020-0256-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2019] [Accepted: 01/20/2020] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Preeclampsia (PE) is a heterogeneous, hypertensive disorder of pregnancy, with no robust biomarkers or effective treatments. PE increases the risk of poor outcomes for both the mother and the baby. Methylation-mediated transcriptional dysregulation motifs (methTDMs) could contribute the PE development. However, precise functional roles of methTDMs in PE have not been globally described. Methods Here, we develop a comprehensive and computational pipeline to identify PE-specific methTDMs following TF, gene, methylation expression profile, and experimentally verified TF-gene interactions. Results The regulation patterns of methTDMs are multiple and complex in PE and contain relax inhibition, intensify inhibition, relax activation, intensify activation, reverse activation, and reverse inhibition. A core module is extracted from global methTDM network to further depict the mechanism of methTDMs in PE. The common and specific features of any two kinds of regulation pattern are also analyzed in PE. Some key methylation sites, TFs, and genes such as IL2RG are identified in PE. Functional analysis shows that methTDMs are associated with immune-, insulin-, and NK cell-related functions. Drug-related network identifies some key drug repurposing candidates such as NADH. Conclusion Collectively, the study highlighted the effect of methylation on the transcription process in PE. MethTDMs could contribute to identify specific biomarkers and drug repurposing candidates for PE.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuyu Zhao
- Third Ward of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, 246 XueFu Road, Harbin, 150006, Heilongjiang, People's Republic of China
| | - Nan Lv
- Third Ward of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, 246 XueFu Road, Harbin, 150006, Heilongjiang, People's Republic of China.
| | - Yan Li
- Third Ward of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, 246 XueFu Road, Harbin, 150006, Heilongjiang, People's Republic of China
| | - Tianyi Liu
- Third Ward of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, 246 XueFu Road, Harbin, 150006, Heilongjiang, People's Republic of China
| | - Yuhong Sun
- Third Ward of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, 246 XueFu Road, Harbin, 150006, Heilongjiang, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiaodan Chu
- Third Ward of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, 246 XueFu Road, Harbin, 150006, Heilongjiang, People's Republic of China
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24
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Wahlberg K, Liljedahl ER, Alhamdow A, Lindh C, Lidén C, Albin M, Tinnerberg H, Broberg K. Filaggrin variations are associated with PAH metabolites in urine and DNA alterations in blood. ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH 2019; 177:108600. [PMID: 31369996 DOI: 10.1016/j.envres.2019.108600] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/12/2019] [Revised: 06/22/2019] [Accepted: 07/20/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Dermal chemical exposure is common in many professions. The filaggrin protein is important for the skin barrier and variations in the filaggrin gene (FLG) may influence the uptake of chemicals via the skin, and consequently, the degree of systemic effects. The aim of this study was to investigate, in chimney sweeps with occupational exposure to polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAH) from soot, the influence of variation in FLG on internal PAH dose and DNA alterations, including epigenetic, previously linked to cancer and cardiovascular disease. We used TaqMan PCR to genotype 151 chimney sweeps and 152 controls for four FLG null variants (R501X, R2447X, S3247X and 2282del4) which cause impaired skin barrier, and FLG copy number variation (12th repeat, CNV12) which potentially is beneficial for the skin barrier. The internal dose of PAH was represented by urinary PAH metabolites (e.g. 1-hydroxypyrene and 3-hydroxybenzo[a]pyrene) that we measured by LC-MS/MS. We measured epigenetic alterations (methylation of AHRR and F2RL3) in blood by pyrosequencing; and DNA alterations (telomere length and mitochondrial DNA copy number) by real-time PCR. Hypomethylation of AHRR or F2RL3 is a risk factor for lung cancer and shorter telomere length a risk factor for cardiovascular disease. The frequencies of FLG null were 8.6 and 11.8% (p = 0.35), and CNV12 27.8 and 19.7% (p = 0.09) in chimney sweeps and controls, respectively. We found that among chimney sweeps working predominately with soot sweeping (high PAH exposure), CNV12 carriers had lower concentrations of PAH metabolites in urine compared with non-carriers (median 1-hydroxypyrene = 0.37 vs 0.86 μg/g creatinine respectively; p = 0.025 by linear regression models adjusted for age, BMI and smoking) compared to sweeps not carrying CNV12. Further, FLG null was associated with approximately 2.5% higher methylation of F2RL3 (cg03636183, p = 0.019 after adjustment for exposure group, age, BMI and smoking). FLG null was associated with approximately 7% shorter telomere length (p = 0.015, adjusted model). Our results suggest that FLG variations may influence the dose of PAH in highly exposed workers, possibly via dermal uptake. It also suggests that FLG variation may influence the degree of (epi)genotoxicity in the body. FLG variation is common in the working population and should be considered in risk assessment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Karin Wahlberg
- Division of Occupational and Environmental Medicine, Department of Laboratory Medicine, Lund University, Lund, Sweden
| | - Emelie Rietz Liljedahl
- Division of Occupational and Environmental Medicine, Department of Laboratory Medicine, Lund University, Lund, Sweden
| | - Ayman Alhamdow
- Institute of Environmental Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Christian Lindh
- Division of Occupational and Environmental Medicine, Department of Laboratory Medicine, Lund University, Lund, Sweden
| | - Carola Lidén
- Institute of Environmental Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Maria Albin
- Division of Occupational and Environmental Medicine, Department of Laboratory Medicine, Lund University, Lund, Sweden; Institute of Environmental Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Håkan Tinnerberg
- Section of Occupational and Environmental Medicine, Sahlgrenska Academy at University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Karin Broberg
- Division of Occupational and Environmental Medicine, Department of Laboratory Medicine, Lund University, Lund, Sweden; Institute of Environmental Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden.
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25
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Helmfrid I, Ljunggren S, Nosratabadi R, Augustsson A, Filipsson M, Fredrikson M, Karlsson H, Berglund M. Exposure of metals and PAH through local foods and risk of cancer in a historically contaminated glassworks area. ENVIRONMENT INTERNATIONAL 2019; 131:104985. [PMID: 31319292 DOI: 10.1016/j.envint.2019.104985] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2018] [Revised: 06/20/2019] [Accepted: 06/29/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Production of crystal glass and colored art glassware have been going on in the south-eastern part of Sweden since the 1700s, at over 100 glassworks and smaller glass blowing facilities, resulting in environmental contamination with mainly arsenic (As), cadmium (Cd), lead (Pb) and polycyclic hydrocarbons (PAH). High levels of metals have been found in soil, and moderately elevated levels in vegetables, mushrooms and berries collected around the glassworks sites compared with reference areas. Food in general, is the major exposure source to metals, such as Cd and Pb, and PAHs. Exposure to these toxic metals and PAH has been associated with a variety of adverse health effects in humans including cancer. OBJECTIVE The aim of the present study was to evaluate the occurrence of cancer in a cohort from the contaminated glasswork area in relation to long-term dietary intake of locally produced foods, while taking into account residential, occupational and life styles factors. METHODS The study population was extracted from a population cohort of 34,266 individuals who, at some time between the years 1979-2004, lived within a 2 km radius of a glassworks or glass landfill. Register information on cancer incidence and questionnaire information on consumption of local foods (reflecting 30 years general eating habits), life-time residence in the area, life style factors and occupational exposure was collected. Furthermore, blood (n = 660) and urine (n = 400) samples were collected in a subsample of the population to explore associations between local food consumption frequencies, biomarker concentrations in blood (Cd, Pb, As) and urine (PAH metabolite 1-OHPy) as well as environmental and lifestyle factors. The concurrent exposure to persistent organic pollutants (POPs) from food was also considered. A case-control study was performed for evaluation of associations between intakes of local food and risk of cancer. RESULTS Despite high environmental levels of Cd, Pb and As at glasswork sites and landfills, current metal exposure in the population living in the surrounding areas was similar or only moderately higher in our study population compared to the general population. Reported high consumption of certain local foods was associated with higher Cd and Pb, but not As, concentrations in blood, and 1-OHPy in urine. An increased risk of cancer was associated with smoking, family history of cancer, obesity, and residence in glasswork area before age 5 years. Also, a long-term high consumption of local foods (reflecting 30 years general eating habits), i.e. fish and meat (game, chicken, lamb), was associated with increased risk of various cancer forms. CONCLUSIONS The associations between consumption of local food and different types of cancer may reflect a higher contaminant exposure in the past, and thus, if consumption of local food contributes to the risk of acquiring cancer, that contribution is probably lower today than before. Furthermore, it cannot be ruled out that other contaminants in the food contribute to the increased cancer risks observed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ingela Helmfrid
- Occupational and Environmental Medicine Center, and Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Linköping University, Linköping, Sweden.
| | - Stefan Ljunggren
- Occupational and Environmental Medicine Center, and Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Linköping University, Linköping, Sweden
| | - Reza Nosratabadi
- Occupational and Environmental Medicine Center, and Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Linköping University, Linköping, Sweden
| | - Anna Augustsson
- Department of Biology and Environmental Sciences, Linnaeus University, Kalmar, Sweden
| | - Monika Filipsson
- Department of Biology and Environmental Sciences, Linnaeus University, Kalmar, Sweden
| | - Mats Fredrikson
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Linköping University, Linköping, Sweden
| | - Helen Karlsson
- Occupational and Environmental Medicine Center, and Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Linköping University, Linköping, Sweden
| | - Marika Berglund
- Institute of Environmental Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
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26
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Ferrari L, Pavanello S, Bollati V. Molecular and epigenetic markers as promising tools to quantify the effect of occupational exposures and the risk of developing non-communicable diseases. LA MEDICINA DEL LAVORO 2019; 110:168-190. [PMID: 31268425 PMCID: PMC7812541 DOI: 10.23749/mdl.v110i3.8538] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2019] [Accepted: 06/06/2019] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Non-communicable diseases (NCDs) are chronic diseases that are by far the leading cause of death in the world. Many occupational hazards, together with social, economic and demographic factors, have been associated to NCDs development. Genetic susceptibility or environmental exposures alone are not usually sufficient to explain the pathogenesis of NCDs, but can be integrated in a more complex scenario that can result in pathological phenotypes. Epigenetics is a crucial component of this scenario, as its changes are related to specific exposures, therefore potentially able to display the effects of environment on the genome, filling the gap between genetic asset and environment in explaining disease development. To date, the most promising biomarkers have been assessed in occupational cohorts as well as in case/control studies and include DNA methylation, histone modifications, microRNA expression, extracellular vesicles, telomere length, and mitochondrial alterations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luca Ferrari
- EPIGET - Epidemiology, Epigenetics and Toxicology Lab, Department of Clinical Sciences and Community Health, Università degli Studi di Milano, via San Barnaba 8, 20122 Milan, Italy..
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27
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Ghildina AR, Porfiriev DP, Azyazov VN, Mebel AM. Scission of the Five-Membered Ring in 1-H-Inden-1-one C9H6O and Indenyl C9H7 in the Reactions with H and O Atoms. J Phys Chem A 2019; 123:5741-5752. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpca.9b04578] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/31/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- A. R. Ghildina
- Samara University, Samara 443086, Russia
- Lebedev Physical Institute, Samara 443011, Russia
| | - D. P. Porfiriev
- Samara University, Samara 443086, Russia
- Lebedev Physical Institute, Samara 443011, Russia
| | - V. N. Azyazov
- Samara University, Samara 443086, Russia
- Lebedev Physical Institute, Samara 443011, Russia
| | - A. M. Mebel
- Samara University, Samara 443086, Russia
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Florida International University, Miami, Florida 33199, United States
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Epigenetic Alterations: The Relation Between Occupational Exposure and Biological Effects in Humans. RNA TECHNOLOGIES 2019. [DOI: 10.1007/978-3-030-14792-1_11] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
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Nie J, Li J, Cheng L, Li Y, Deng Y, Yan Z, Duan L, Niu Q, Perera F, Tang D. Maternal urinary 2-hydroxynaphthalene and birth outcomes in Taiyuan, China. Environ Health 2018; 17:91. [PMID: 30572877 PMCID: PMC6302466 DOI: 10.1186/s12940-018-0436-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/09/2018] [Accepted: 12/04/2018] [Indexed: 05/29/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Naphthalene is the simplest polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon (PAH). It is easily emitted into the atmosphere, posing a significant risk to human health. However, limited studies have described the impact of naphthalene exposure on birth outcomes. In this study, we investigated the association between the maternal urinary metabolites of naphthalene, 2-hydroxynaphthalene (2-OH NAP), and birth outcomes. METHOD In the present study, four urinary PAH metabolites were measured in 263 pregnant women during late pregnancy. Multiple linear regression analysis was used to analyze the relationship between the concentrations of 2-OH NAP and birth outcomes, and restricted cubic spline models were further used to examine the shapes of the dose-response association. RESULT General linear models showed that prenatal urinary 2-OH NAP was associated with lower birth weight (BW) (- 4.38% for the high vs. low exposure group of 2-OH NAP; p for trend = 0.049) and higher cephalization index (CI) (4.30% for the high vs. low exposure group of 2-OH NAP; p for trend = 0.038). These associations were linear and significant when 2-OH NAP was modeled as a continuous variable in restricted cubic spline models (P linear = 0.0293 for 2-OH NAP and BW; P linear = 0.0326 for 2-OH NAP and CI). Multiple linear regression data indicated that each 1 ln-unit increase in 2-OH NAP was significantly associated with a 2.09 g/cm increase in the CI. The associations among 2-OH NAP, BW, and CI were also observed in a subset of participants residing close to arterial traffic. CONCLUSION Our data indicated that prenatal exposure to naphthalene had an adverse effect on fetal birth outcomes, especially the brain development index. Reduced exposure to naphthalene may improve newborn health outcomes. In Taiyuan, naphthalene may result from traffic pollution.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jisheng Nie
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Shanxi Medical University, Xinjiannan Road 56, Taiyuan, 030001 China
- Department of Environmental Health Sciences, Mailman School of Public Health, Columbia University, 722W. 168th Street, New York, NY 10032 USA
| | - Jinyu Li
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Shanxi Medical University, Xinjiannan Road 56, Taiyuan, 030001 China
| | - Lin Cheng
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Shanxi Medical University, Xinjiannan Road 56, Taiyuan, 030001 China
| | - Yanning Li
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Shanxi Medical University, Xinjiannan Road 56, Taiyuan, 030001 China
| | - Yunjun Deng
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Shanxi Medical University, Xinjiannan Road 56, Taiyuan, 030001 China
| | - Zhiwei Yan
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Shanxi Medical University, Xinjiannan Road 56, Taiyuan, 030001 China
| | - Lei Duan
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Shanxi Medical University, Xinjiannan Road 56, Taiyuan, 030001 China
| | - Qiao Niu
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Shanxi Medical University, Xinjiannan Road 56, Taiyuan, 030001 China
| | - Frederica Perera
- Department of Environmental Health Sciences, Mailman School of Public Health, Columbia University, 722W. 168th Street, New York, NY 10032 USA
| | - Deliang Tang
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Shanxi Medical University, Xinjiannan Road 56, Taiyuan, 030001 China
- Department of Environmental Health Sciences, Mailman School of Public Health, Columbia University, 722W. 168th Street, New York, NY 10032 USA
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Sun B, Shi Y, Yang X, Zhao T, Duan J, Sun Z. DNA methylation: A critical epigenetic mechanism underlying the detrimental effects of airborne particulate matter. ECOTOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL SAFETY 2018; 161:173-183. [PMID: 29883871 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2018.05.083] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/18/2018] [Revised: 05/20/2018] [Accepted: 05/29/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Exposure to airborne particulate matter (PM) does great harm to the health of human beings. To date, PM exposure has been closely associated with respiratory and cardiovascular diseases, as well as some types of cancer. As the associations of PM with the adverse health effects are well documented in literatures, the underlying mechanisms have not been completely clarified. With the field of epigenetics rising in recent years, PM-associated epigenetic alterations have gradually turned into the hot research topic. DNA methylation is one of the earliest-discovered and best-studied epigenetic mechanisms, of which the alteration can influence the transcription initiation of genes. A number of studies have been published to demonstrate that PM exposure is linked with DNA methylation patterns in the human genome. DNA methylation is the potential regulator of the biological effects of PM exposure. In the present review, DNA methylation related to PM exposure was elaborated on genome-wide and gene-specific methylation. In particular, genome-wide DNA methylation was composed of the alterations in global methylation content and genome-wide methylation profile; gene-specific methylation included the methylation changes in mechanism-related and disease-specific genes. Representative epidemiological and experimental studies were cited to elucidate the viewpoints, focusing on both PM-related methylation changes and the mediating effects of DNA methylation between PM and the health impacts. This review will provide advantageous clues for subsequent studies on the DNA methylation in relation to PM exposure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Baiyang Sun
- Department of Toxicology and Sanitary Chemistry, School of Public Health, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100069, PR China; Beijing Key Laboratory of Environmental Toxicology, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100069, PR China
| | - Yanfeng Shi
- Department of Toxicology and Sanitary Chemistry, School of Public Health, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100069, PR China; Beijing Key Laboratory of Environmental Toxicology, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100069, PR China
| | - Xiaozhe Yang
- Department of Toxicology and Sanitary Chemistry, School of Public Health, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100069, PR China; Beijing Key Laboratory of Environmental Toxicology, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100069, PR China
| | - Tong Zhao
- Department of Toxicology and Sanitary Chemistry, School of Public Health, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100069, PR China; Beijing Key Laboratory of Environmental Toxicology, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100069, PR China
| | - Junchao Duan
- Department of Toxicology and Sanitary Chemistry, School of Public Health, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100069, PR China; Beijing Key Laboratory of Environmental Toxicology, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100069, PR China.
| | - Zhiwei Sun
- Department of Toxicology and Sanitary Chemistry, School of Public Health, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100069, PR China; Beijing Key Laboratory of Environmental Toxicology, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100069, PR China.
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