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Botey-Bataller J, Vrijmoeth HD, Ursinus J, Kullberg BJ, van den Wijngaard CC, Ter Hofstede H, Alaswad A, Gupta MK, Roesner LM, Huehn J, Werfel T, Schulz TF, Xu CJ, Netea MG, Hovius JW, Joosten LAB, Li Y. A comprehensive genetic map of cytokine responses in Lyme borreliosis. Nat Commun 2024; 15:3795. [PMID: 38714679 PMCID: PMC11076587 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-024-47505-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2023] [Accepted: 04/02/2024] [Indexed: 05/10/2024] Open
Abstract
The incidence of Lyme borreliosis has risen, accompanied by persistent symptoms. The innate immune system and related cytokines are crucial in the host response and symptom development. We characterized cytokine production capacity before and after antibiotic treatment in 1,060 Lyme borreliosis patients. We observed a negative correlation between antibody production and IL-10 responses, as well as increased IL-1Ra responses in patients with disseminated disease. Genome-wide mapping the cytokine production allowed us to identify 34 cytokine quantitative trait loci (cQTLs), with 31 novel ones. We pinpointed the causal variant at the TLR1-6-10 locus and validated the regulation of IL-1Ra responses at transcritpome level using an independent cohort. We found that cQTLs contribute to Lyme borreliosis susceptibility and are relevant to other immune-mediated diseases. Our findings improve the understanding of cytokine responses in Lyme borreliosis and provide a genetic map of immune function as an expanded resource.
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Affiliation(s)
- Javier Botey-Bataller
- Department of Internal Medicine and Radboudumc Community for Infectious Diseases, Radboud university medical center, Nijmegen, the Netherlands
- Department of Computational Biology for Individualised Infection Medicine, Centre for Individualised Infection Medicine, a joint venture between the Hannover Medical School and the Helmholtz Centre for Infection Research, Hannover, Germany
- TWINCORE, Centre for Experimental and Clinical Infection Research, a joint venture between the Hannover Medical School and the Helmholtz Centre for Infection Research, Hannover, Germany
| | - Hedwig D Vrijmoeth
- Department of Internal Medicine and Radboudumc Community for Infectious Diseases, Radboud university medical center, Nijmegen, the Netherlands
- National Institute for Public Health and Environment (RIVM), Center for Infectious Disease Control, Bilthoven, the Netherlands
| | - Jeanine Ursinus
- National Institute for Public Health and Environment (RIVM), Center for Infectious Disease Control, Bilthoven, the Netherlands
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Infectious Diseases & Center for Experimental and Molecular Medicine, Amsterdam UMC, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Bart-Jan Kullberg
- Department of Internal Medicine and Radboudumc Community for Infectious Diseases, Radboud university medical center, Nijmegen, the Netherlands
| | - Cees C van den Wijngaard
- National Institute for Public Health and Environment (RIVM), Center for Infectious Disease Control, Bilthoven, the Netherlands
| | - Hadewych Ter Hofstede
- Department of Internal Medicine and Radboudumc Community for Infectious Diseases, Radboud university medical center, Nijmegen, the Netherlands
| | - Ahmed Alaswad
- Department of Computational Biology for Individualised Infection Medicine, Centre for Individualised Infection Medicine, a joint venture between the Hannover Medical School and the Helmholtz Centre for Infection Research, Hannover, Germany
- TWINCORE, Centre for Experimental and Clinical Infection Research, a joint venture between the Hannover Medical School and the Helmholtz Centre for Infection Research, Hannover, Germany
| | - Manoj K Gupta
- Department of Computational Biology for Individualised Infection Medicine, Centre for Individualised Infection Medicine, a joint venture between the Hannover Medical School and the Helmholtz Centre for Infection Research, Hannover, Germany
- TWINCORE, Centre for Experimental and Clinical Infection Research, a joint venture between the Hannover Medical School and the Helmholtz Centre for Infection Research, Hannover, Germany
- Cluster of Excellence RESIST (EXC 2155), Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany
| | - Lennart M Roesner
- Cluster of Excellence RESIST (EXC 2155), Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany
- Department of Dermatology and Allergy, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany
| | - Jochen Huehn
- Cluster of Excellence RESIST (EXC 2155), Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany
- Department of Experimental Immunology, Helmholtz Centre for Infection Research, Braunschweig, Germany
| | - Thomas Werfel
- Cluster of Excellence RESIST (EXC 2155), Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany
- Department of Dermatology and Allergy, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany
| | - Thomas F Schulz
- Cluster of Excellence RESIST (EXC 2155), Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany
- Institute of Virology, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany
| | - Cheng-Jian Xu
- Department of Internal Medicine and Radboudumc Community for Infectious Diseases, Radboud university medical center, Nijmegen, the Netherlands
- Department of Computational Biology for Individualised Infection Medicine, Centre for Individualised Infection Medicine, a joint venture between the Hannover Medical School and the Helmholtz Centre for Infection Research, Hannover, Germany
- TWINCORE, Centre for Experimental and Clinical Infection Research, a joint venture between the Hannover Medical School and the Helmholtz Centre for Infection Research, Hannover, Germany
| | - Mihai G Netea
- Department of Internal Medicine and Radboudumc Community for Infectious Diseases, Radboud university medical center, Nijmegen, the Netherlands
- Department for Genomics and Immunoregulation, Life and Medical Sciences Institute (LIMES), University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany
| | - Joppe W Hovius
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Infectious Diseases & Center for Experimental and Molecular Medicine, Amsterdam UMC, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Leo A B Joosten
- Department of Internal Medicine and Radboudumc Community for Infectious Diseases, Radboud university medical center, Nijmegen, the Netherlands
- Department of Medical Genetics, Iuliu Hatieganu University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Cluj-Napoca, Romania
| | - Yang Li
- Department of Internal Medicine and Radboudumc Community for Infectious Diseases, Radboud university medical center, Nijmegen, the Netherlands.
- Department of Computational Biology for Individualised Infection Medicine, Centre for Individualised Infection Medicine, a joint venture between the Hannover Medical School and the Helmholtz Centre for Infection Research, Hannover, Germany.
- TWINCORE, Centre for Experimental and Clinical Infection Research, a joint venture between the Hannover Medical School and the Helmholtz Centre for Infection Research, Hannover, Germany.
- Cluster of Excellence RESIST (EXC 2155), Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany.
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Kischkel B, Dos Santos JC, Lopes-Bezerra L, Taborda CP, Joosten LAB. Human interleukin-36γ plays a crucial role in cytokine induction during Sporothrix brasiliensis and S. schenckii infection in keratinocytes and PBMCs. Microb Pathog 2024; 188:106550. [PMID: 38262494 DOI: 10.1016/j.micpath.2024.106550] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/17/2023] [Revised: 10/23/2023] [Accepted: 01/16/2024] [Indexed: 01/25/2024]
Abstract
Cytokines of the interleukin (IL)-1 superfamily including the different IL-36 isoforms, have been reported as mediators of acute and chronic inflammation in human skin diseases, such as psoriasis. Here, we demonstrated for the first time that Sporothrix schenckii and S. brasiliensis, the fungi that cause subcutaneous infection sporotrichosis, can induce the expression of IL-36α, IL-36γ and IL-36Ra in human keratinocytes and primary peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs). Specifically, IL-36γ was differentially expressed by keratinocytes stimulated with Sporothrix yeasts when compared to the commensal microorganism Staphylococcus epidermidis. The exposure of keratinocytes to 24 h or 7-days culture supernatant of PBMCs stimulated with Sporothrix induced higher IL-36γ production compared to direct stimulation of keratinocytes with the live fungus. We identified that IL-36γ mRNA expression in keratinocytes is increased in the presence of IL-17, TNF, IL-1β and IL-1α and these cytokines may act synergistically to maintain IL-36γ production. Lastly, using a cohort of 164 healthy individuals, we showed that individuals carrying variants of the IL36G gene (rs11690399 and rs11683399) exhibit increased IL-36γ production as well as increased innate cytokine production after Sporothrix exposure. Importantly, stimulation of PBMCs with recombinant IL-36γ increased the production of IL-1β and IL-6, while IL-36Ra were able to decrease the concentration of these cytokines. Our findings contribute to the understanding of the pathogenesis of sporotrichosis and suggest that IL-36γ may be involved in maintaining the cytokine loop that leads to tissue destruction by exacerbating the immune response in sporotrichosis. Of high interest, we present the IL-36 signalling pathway as a potential new therapeutic target.
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Affiliation(s)
- Brenda Kischkel
- Department of Internal Medicine, Radboud University Medical Center (Radboudumc), Nijmegen, the Netherlands; Departamento de Microbiologia, Instituto de Ciências Biomédicas, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Jéssica C Dos Santos
- Department of Internal Medicine, Radboud University Medical Center (Radboudumc), Nijmegen, the Netherlands
| | - Leila Lopes-Bezerra
- Departamento de Microbiologia, Instituto de Ciências Biomédicas, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Carlos P Taborda
- Departamento de Microbiologia, Instituto de Ciências Biomédicas, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil; Departamento de Dermatologia, LIM53, Instituto de Medicina Tropical, Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Leo A B Joosten
- Department of Internal Medicine, Radboud University Medical Center (Radboudumc), Nijmegen, the Netherlands; Department of Medical Genetics, Iuliu Hatieganu University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Cluj-Napoca, Romania.
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Engel JJ, van der Made CI, Keur N, Setiabudiawan T, Röring RJ, Damoraki G, Dijkstra H, Lemmers H, Ioannou S, Poulakou G, van der Meer JWM, Giamarellos-Bourboulis EJ, Kumar V, van de Veerdonk FL, Netea MG, Ziogas A. Dexamethasone attenuates interferon-related cytokine hyperresponsiveness in COVID-19 patients. Front Immunol 2023; 14:1233318. [PMID: 37614228 PMCID: PMC10442808 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2023.1233318] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2023] [Accepted: 07/18/2023] [Indexed: 08/25/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Dexamethasone improves the survival of COVID-19 patients in need of supplemental oxygen therapy. Although its broad immunosuppressive effects are well-described, the immunological mechanisms modulated by dexamethasone in patients hospitalized with COVID-19 remain to be elucidated. Objective We combined functional immunological assays and an omics-based approach to investigate the in vitro and in vivo effects of dexamethasone in the plasma and peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) of COVID-19 patients. Methods Hospitalized COVID-19 patients eligible for dexamethasone therapy were recruited from the general care ward between February and July, 2021. Whole blood transcriptomic and targeted plasma proteomic analyses were performed before and after starting dexamethasone treatment. PBMCs were isolated from healthy individuals and COVID-19 patients and stimulated with inactivated SARS-CoV-2 ex vivo in the presence or absence of dexamethasone and transcriptome and cytokine responses were assessed. Results Dexamethasone efficiently inhibited SARS-CoV-2-induced in vitro expression of chemokines and cytokines in PBMCs at the transcriptional and protein level. Dexamethasone treatment in COVID-19 patients resulted in down-regulation of genes related to type I and II interferon (IFN) signaling in whole blood immune cells. In addition, dexamethasone attenuated circulating concentrations of secreted interferon-stimulating gene 15 (ISG15) and pro-inflammatory cytokines and chemokines correlating with disease severity and lethal outcomes, such as tumor necrosis factor (TNF), interleukin-6 (IL-6), chemokine ligand 2 (CCL2), C-X-C motif ligand 8 (CXCL8), and C-X-C motif chemokine ligand 10 (CXCL10). In PBMCs from COVID-19 patients that were stimulated ex vivo with multiple pathogens or Toll-like receptor (TLR) ligands, dexamethasone efficiently inhibited cytokine responses. Conclusion We describe the anti-inflammatory impact of dexamethasone on the pathways contributing to cytokine hyperresponsiveness observed in severe manifestations of COVID-19, including type I/II IFN signaling. Dexamethasone could have adverse effects in COVID-19 patients with mild symptoms by inhibiting IFN responses in early stages of the disease, whereas it exhibits beneficial effects in patients with severe clinical phenotypes by efficiently diminishing cytokine hyperresponsiveness.
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Affiliation(s)
- Job J. Engel
- Department of Internal Medicine and Radboud Center for Infectious Diseases, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, Netherlands
| | - Caspar I. van der Made
- Department of Internal Medicine and Radboud Center for Infectious Diseases, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, Netherlands
| | - Nick Keur
- Department of Internal Medicine and Radboud Center for Infectious Diseases, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, Netherlands
| | - Todia Setiabudiawan
- Department of Internal Medicine and Radboud Center for Infectious Diseases, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, Netherlands
| | - Rutger J. Röring
- Department of Internal Medicine and Radboud Center for Infectious Diseases, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, Netherlands
| | - Georgia Damoraki
- Department of Internal Medicine, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Medical School, Athens, Greece
| | - Helga Dijkstra
- Department of Internal Medicine and Radboud Center for Infectious Diseases, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, Netherlands
| | - Heidi Lemmers
- Department of Internal Medicine and Radboud Center for Infectious Diseases, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, Netherlands
| | - Sofia Ioannou
- Department of Therapeutics, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Medical School, Athens, Greece
| | - Garyfallia Poulakou
- Department of Internal Medicine, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Medical School, Athens, Greece
| | - Jos W. M. van der Meer
- Department of Internal Medicine and Radboud Center for Infectious Diseases, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, Netherlands
| | | | - Vinod Kumar
- Department of Internal Medicine and Radboud Center for Infectious Diseases, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, Netherlands
- Department of Genetics, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, Netherlands
| | - Frank L. van de Veerdonk
- Department of Internal Medicine and Radboud Center for Infectious Diseases, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, Netherlands
| | - Mihai G. Netea
- Department of Internal Medicine and Radboud Center for Infectious Diseases, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, Netherlands
- Department of Immunology and Metabolism, Life & Medical Sciences Institute, University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany
| | - Athanasios Ziogas
- Department of Internal Medicine and Radboud Center for Infectious Diseases, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, Netherlands
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