1
|
Fitzgerald M. The Bayliss-Starling Prize Lecture: The developmental physiology of spinal cord and cortical nociceptive circuits. J Physiol 2024; 602:1003-1016. [PMID: 38426221 DOI: 10.1113/jp283994] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/13/2023] [Accepted: 02/05/2024] [Indexed: 03/02/2024] Open
Abstract
When do we first experience pain? To address this question, we need to know how the developing nervous system processes potential or real tissue-damaging stimuli in early life. In the newborn, nociception preserves life through reflex avoidance of tissue damage and engagement of parental help. Importantly, nociception also forms the starting point for experiencing and learning about pain and for setting the level of adult pain sensitivity. This review, which arose from the Bayliss-Starling Prize Lecture, focuses on the basic developmental neurophysiology of early nociceptive circuits in the spinal cord, brainstem and cortex that form the building blocks of our first pain experience.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Maria Fitzgerald
- Department of Neuroscience, Physiology & Pharmacology, University College London, London, UK
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Muza PM, Bush D, Pérez-González M, Zouhair I, Cleverley K, Sopena ML, Aoidi R, West SJ, Good M, Tybulewicz VL, Walker MC, Fisher EM, Chang P. Cognitive impairments in a Down syndrome model with abnormal hippocampal and prefrontal dynamics and cytoarchitecture. iScience 2023; 26:106073. [PMID: 36818290 PMCID: PMC9929862 DOI: 10.1016/j.isci.2023.106073] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2022] [Revised: 12/22/2022] [Accepted: 01/24/2023] [Indexed: 01/29/2023] Open
Abstract
The Dp(10)2Yey mouse carries a ∼2.3-Mb intra-chromosomal duplication of mouse chromosome 10 (Mmu10) that has homology to human chromosome 21, making it an essential model for aspects of Down syndrome (DS, trisomy 21). In this study, we investigated neuronal dysfunction in the Dp(10)2Yey mouse and report spatial memory impairment and anxiety-like behavior alongside altered neural activity in the medial prefrontal cortex (mPFC) and hippocampus (HPC). Specifically, Dp(10)2Yey mice showed impaired spatial alternation associated with increased sharp-wave ripple activity in mPFC during a period of memory consolidation, and reduced mobility in a novel environment accompanied by reduced theta-gamma phase-amplitude coupling in HPC. Finally, we found alterations in the number of interneuron subtypes in mPFC and HPC that may contribute to the observed phenotypes and highlight potential approaches to ameliorate the effects of human trisomy 21.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Phillip M. Muza
- Department of Neuromuscular Diseases, UCL Queen Square Institute of Neurology, London WC1N 3BG, UK
| | - Daniel Bush
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Epilepsy, UCL Queen Square Institute of Neurology, London WC1N 3BG, UK
- UCL Institute of Cognitive Neuroscience and UCL Queen Square Institute of Neurology, University College London, London WC1N 3AZ, UK
| | - Marta Pérez-González
- Department of Neuromuscular Diseases, UCL Queen Square Institute of Neurology, London WC1N 3BG, UK
| | - Ines Zouhair
- Department of Neuromuscular Diseases, UCL Queen Square Institute of Neurology, London WC1N 3BG, UK
| | - Karen Cleverley
- Department of Neuromuscular Diseases, UCL Queen Square Institute of Neurology, London WC1N 3BG, UK
| | - Miriam L. Sopena
- Bioinformatics and Biostatistics, The Francis Crick Institute, 1 Midland Road, London NW1 1AT, UK
| | - Rifdat Aoidi
- Immune Cell Biology and Down Syndrome Laboratory, The Francis Crick Institute, London NW1 1AT, UK
| | - Steven J. West
- Sainsbury Wellcome Centre, University College London, London W1T 4JG, UK
| | - Mark Good
- School of Psychology, Cardiff University, Cardiff CF10 3AT, UK
| | - Victor L.J. Tybulewicz
- Immune Cell Biology and Down Syndrome Laboratory, The Francis Crick Institute, London NW1 1AT, UK
- Corresponding author
| | - Matthew C. Walker
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Epilepsy, UCL Queen Square Institute of Neurology, London WC1N 3BG, UK
- Corresponding author
| | - Elizabeth M.C. Fisher
- Department of Neuromuscular Diseases, UCL Queen Square Institute of Neurology, London WC1N 3BG, UK
- Corresponding author
| | - Pishan Chang
- Department of Neuromuscular Diseases, UCL Queen Square Institute of Neurology, London WC1N 3BG, UK
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Epilepsy, UCL Queen Square Institute of Neurology, London WC1N 3BG, UK
- School of Physiology, Pharmacology, and Neuroscience, University of Bristol, Bristol BS8 1TD, UK
- Corresponding author
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Chang P, Fabrizi L, Fitzgerald M. Early Life Pain Experience Changes Adult Functional Pain Connectivity in the Rat Somatosensory and the Medial Prefrontal Cortex. J Neurosci 2022; 42:8284-8296. [PMID: 36192150 PMCID: PMC9653276 DOI: 10.1523/jneurosci.0416-22.2022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2022] [Revised: 08/19/2022] [Accepted: 08/24/2022] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Early life pain (ELP) experience alters adult pain behavior and increases injury-induced pain hypersensitivity, but the effect of ELP on adult functional brain connectivity is not known. We have performed continuous local field potential (LFP) recording in the awake adult male rats to test the effect of ELP on functional cortical connectivity related to pain behavior. Primary somatosensory cortex (S1) and medial prefrontal cortex (mPFC) LFPs evoked by mechanical hindpaw stimulation were recorded simultaneously with pain reflex behavior for 10 d after adult incision injury. We show that, after adult injury, sensory evoked S1 LFP δ and γ energy and S1 LFP δ/γ frequency coupling are significantly increased in ELP rats compared with controls. Adult injury also induces increases in S1-mPFC functional connectivity, but this is significantly prolonged in ELP rats, lasting 4 d compared with 1 d in controls. Importantly, the increases in LFP energy and connectivity in ELP rats were directly correlated with increased behavioral pain hypersensitivity. Thus, ELP alters adult brain functional connectivity, both within and between cortical areas involved in sensory and affective dimensions of pain. The results reveal altered brain connectivity as a mechanism underlying the effects of ELP on adult pain perception.SIGNIFICANCE STATEMENT Pain and stress in early life has a lasting impact on pain behavior and may increase vulnerability to chronic pain in adults. Here, we record pain-related cortical activity and simultaneous pain behavior in awake adult male rats previously exposed to pain in early life. We show that functional connectivity within and between the somatosensory cortex and the medial prefrontal cortex (mPFC) is increased in these rats and that these increases are correlated with their behavioral pain hypersensitivity. The results reveal that early life pain (ELP) alters adult brain connectivity, which may explain the impact of childhood pain on adult chronic pain vulnerability.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Pishan Chang
- Department of Neuroscience, Physiology and Pharmacology, Medawar Pain and Somatosensory Labs, University College London, London WC1E 6BT, United Kingdom
| | - Lorenzo Fabrizi
- Department of Neuroscience, Physiology and Pharmacology, Medawar Pain and Somatosensory Labs, University College London, London WC1E 6BT, United Kingdom
| | - Maria Fitzgerald
- Department of Neuroscience, Physiology and Pharmacology, Medawar Pain and Somatosensory Labs, University College London, London WC1E 6BT, United Kingdom
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Jones L, Verriotis M, Cooper RJ, Laudiano-Dray MP, Rupawala M, Meek J, Fabrizi L, Fitzgerald M. Widespread nociceptive maps in the human neonatal somatosensory cortex. eLife 2022; 11:71655. [PMID: 35451960 PMCID: PMC9090328 DOI: 10.7554/elife.71655] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/25/2021] [Accepted: 04/22/2022] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Topographic cortical maps are essential for spatial localisation of sensory stimulation and generation of appropriate task-related motor responses. Somatosensation and nociception are finely mapped and aligned in the adult somatosensory (S1) cortex, but in infancy, when pain behaviour is disorganised and poorly directed, nociceptive maps may be less refined. We compared the topographic pattern of S1 activation following noxious (clinically required heel lance) and innocuous (touch) mechanical stimulation of the same skin region in newborn infants (n = 32) using multioptode functional near-infrared spectroscopy (fNIRS). Within S1 cortex, touch and lance of the heel elicit localised, partially overlapping increases in oxygenated haemoglobin concentration (Δ[HbO]), but while touch activation was restricted to the heel area, lance activation extended into cortical hand regions. The data reveals a widespread cortical nociceptive map in infant S1, consistent with their poorly directed pain behaviour.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Laura Jones
- Department of Neuroscience, Physiology and Pharmacology, University College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Madeleine Verriotis
- Department of Developmental Neuroscience, University College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Robert J Cooper
- Department of Medical Physics and Biomedical Engineering, University College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Maria Pureza Laudiano-Dray
- Department of Neuroscience, Physiology and Pharmacology, University College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Mohammed Rupawala
- Department of Neuroscience, Physiology and Pharmacology, University College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Judith Meek
- Elizabeth Garrett Anderson Obstetric Wing, University College London Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, London, United Kingdom
| | - Lorenzo Fabrizi
- Department of Neuroscience, Physiology and Pharmacology, University College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Maria Fitzgerald
- Department of Neuroscience, Physiology and Pharmacology, University College London, London, United Kingdom
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Schmidt H, Böttcher A, Gross T, Schmidtko A. cGMP signalling in dorsal root ganglia and the spinal cord: Various functions in development and adulthood. Br J Pharmacol 2021; 179:2361-2377. [PMID: 33939841 DOI: 10.1111/bph.15514] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/27/2020] [Revised: 03/12/2021] [Accepted: 03/31/2021] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Cyclic GMP (cGMP) is a second messenger that regulates numerous physiological and pathophysiological processes. In recent years, more and more studies have uncovered multiple roles of cGMP signalling pathways in the somatosensory system. Accumulating evidence suggests that cGMP regulates different cellular processes from embryonic development through to adulthood. During embryonic development, a cGMP-dependent signalling cascade in the trunk sensory system is essential for axon bifurcation, a specific form of branching of somatosensory axons. In adulthood, various cGMP signalling pathways in distinct cell populations of sensory neurons and dorsal horn neurons in the spinal cord play an important role in the processing of pain and itch. Some of the involved enzymes might serve as a target for future therapies. In this review, we summarise the knowledge regarding cGMP-dependent signalling pathways in dorsal root ganglia and the spinal cord during embryonic development and adulthood, and the potential of targeting these pathways.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hannes Schmidt
- Interfaculty Institute of Biochemistry, University of Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany
| | - Alexandra Böttcher
- Interfaculty Institute of Biochemistry, University of Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany
| | - Tilman Gross
- Institute of Pharmacology and Clinical Pharmacy, Goethe University, Frankfurt am Main, Germany
| | - Achim Schmidtko
- Institute of Pharmacology and Clinical Pharmacy, Goethe University, Frankfurt am Main, Germany
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Eccleston C, Fisher E, Howard RF, Slater R, Forgeron P, Palermo TM, Birnie KA, Anderson BJ, Chambers CT, Crombez G, Ljungman G, Jordan I, Jordan Z, Roberts C, Schechter N, Sieberg CB, Tibboel D, Walker SM, Wilkinson D, Wood C. Delivering transformative action in paediatric pain: a Lancet Child & Adolescent Health Commission. THE LANCET. CHILD & ADOLESCENT HEALTH 2021; 5:47-87. [PMID: 33064998 DOI: 10.1016/s2352-4642(20)30277-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 111] [Impact Index Per Article: 37.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/20/2020] [Revised: 07/30/2020] [Accepted: 08/06/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Christopher Eccleston
- Centre for Pain Research, University of Bath, Bath, UK; Cochrane Pain, Palliative, and Supportive Care Review Groups, Churchill Hospital, Oxford, UK; Department of Clinical-Experimental and Health Psychology, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium.
| | - Emma Fisher
- Centre for Pain Research, University of Bath, Bath, UK; Cochrane Pain, Palliative, and Supportive Care Review Groups, Churchill Hospital, Oxford, UK
| | - Richard F Howard
- Department of Anaesthesia and Pain Medicine, Great Ormond Street Hospital for Children NHS Foundation Trust, London, UK; Clinical Neurosciences, UCL Great Ormond Street Institute of Child Health, London, UK
| | - Rebeccah Slater
- Department of Paediatrics, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK; Wellcome Centre for Integrative Neuroimaging, Oxford Centre for Functional MRI of the Brain, Nuffield Department of Clinical Neurosciences, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - Paula Forgeron
- School of Nursing, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Ottawa, ON, Canada
| | - Tonya M Palermo
- Department of Anesthesiology and Pain Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA; Center for Child Health, Behavior and Development, Seattle Children's Research Institute, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Kathryn A Birnie
- Department of Anesthesiology, Perioperative and Pain Medicine, University of Calgary, AB, Canada
| | - Brian J Anderson
- Department of Anaesthesiology, University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand
| | - Christine T Chambers
- Department of Psychology and Neuroscience, and Department of Pediatrics, Dalhousie University, Halifax, NS, Canada; Centre for Pediatric Pain Research, IWK Health Centre, Halifax, NS, Canada
| | - Geert Crombez
- Department of Clinical-Experimental and Health Psychology, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Gustaf Ljungman
- Department of Women's and Children's Health, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
| | | | | | | | - Neil Schechter
- Division of Pain Medicine, Department of Anesthesiology, Critical Care, and Pain Medicine, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, MA, USA; Department of Anesthesiology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Christine B Sieberg
- Division of Pain Medicine, Department of Anesthesiology, Critical Care, and Pain Medicine, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, MA, USA; Department of Psychiatry, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, MA, USA; Department of Psychiatry, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Dick Tibboel
- Intensive Care and Department of Pediatric Surgery, Erasmus MC-Sophia Children's Hospital, Rotterdam, Netherlands
| | - Suellen M Walker
- Department of Anaesthesia and Pain Medicine, Great Ormond Street Hospital for Children NHS Foundation Trust, London, UK; Clinical Neurosciences, UCL Great Ormond Street Institute of Child Health, London, UK
| | - Dominic Wilkinson
- Oxford Uehiro Centre for Practical Ethics, Faculty of Philosophy, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK; John Radcliffe Hospital, Oxford, UK; Murdoch Children's Research Institute, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - Chantal Wood
- Department of Spine Surgery and Neuromodulation, Poitiers University Hospital, Poitiers, France
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Distinct Age-Dependent C Fiber-Driven Oscillatory Activity in the Rat Somatosensory Cortex. eNeuro 2020; 7:ENEURO.0036-20.2020. [PMID: 32759177 PMCID: PMC7545434 DOI: 10.1523/eneuro.0036-20.2020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2020] [Revised: 07/03/2020] [Accepted: 07/27/2020] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
When skin afferents are activated, the sensory signals are transmitted to the spinal cord and eventually reach the primary somatosensory cortex (S1), initiating the encoding of the sensory percept in the brain. While subsets of primary afferents mediate specific somatosensory information from an early age, the subcortical pathways that transmit this information undergo striking changes over the first weeks of life, reflected in the gradual emergence of specific sensory behaviors. We therefore hypothesized that this period is associated with differential changes in the encoding of incoming afferent volleys in S1. To test this, we compared S1 responses to A fiber skin afferent stimulation and A + C skin afferent fiber stimulation in lightly anaesthetized male rats at postnatal day (P)7, P14, P21, and P30. Differences in S1 activity following A and A + C fiber stimulation changed dramatically over this period. At P30, A + C fiber stimulation evoked significantly larger γ, β, and α energy increases compared with A fiber stimulation alone. At younger ages, the changes in S1 oscillatory activity evoked by the two afferent volleys were not significantly different. Silencing TRPV1+ C fibers with QX-314 significantly reduced the γ and β S1 oscillatory energy increases evoked by A + C fibers, at P30 and P21, but not at younger ages. Thus, C fibers differentially modulate S1 oscillatory activity only from the third postnatal week, well after the functional maturation of the somatosensory cortex. This age-related change in afferent evoked S1 oscillatory activity may underpin the maturation of sensory discrimination in the developing brain.
Collapse
|
8
|
Oscillations in the auditory system and their possible role. Neurosci Biobehav Rev 2020; 113:507-528. [PMID: 32298712 DOI: 10.1016/j.neubiorev.2020.03.030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2019] [Revised: 03/25/2020] [Accepted: 03/30/2020] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
GOURÉVITCH, B., C. Martin, O. Postal, J.J. Eggermont. Oscillations in the auditory system, their possible role. NEUROSCI BIOBEHAV REV XXX XXX-XXX, 2020. - Neural oscillations are thought to have various roles in brain processing such as, attention modulation, neuronal communication, motor coordination, memory consolidation, decision-making, or feature binding. The role of oscillations in the auditory system is less clear, especially due to the large discrepancy between human and animal studies. Here we describe many methodological issues that confound the results of oscillation studies in the auditory field. Moreover, we discuss the relationship between neural entrainment and oscillations that remains unclear. Finally, we aim to identify which kind of oscillations could be specific or salient to the auditory areas and their processing. We suggest that the role of oscillations might dramatically differ between the primary auditory cortex and the more associative auditory areas. Despite the moderate presence of intrinsic low frequency oscillations in the primary auditory cortex, rhythmic components in the input seem crucial for auditory processing. This allows the phase entrainment between the oscillatory phase and rhythmic input, which is an integral part of stimulus selection within the auditory system.
Collapse
|
9
|
Chang P, Bush D, Schorge S, Good M, Canonica T, Shing N, Noy S, Wiseman FK, Burgess N, Tybulewicz VLJ, Walker MC, Fisher EMC. Altered Hippocampal-Prefrontal Neural Dynamics in Mouse Models of Down Syndrome. Cell Rep 2020; 30:1152-1163.e4. [PMID: 31995755 PMCID: PMC6996020 DOI: 10.1016/j.celrep.2019.12.065] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/07/2019] [Revised: 10/02/2019] [Accepted: 12/17/2019] [Indexed: 01/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Altered neural dynamics in the medial prefrontal cortex (mPFC) and hippocampus may contribute to cognitive impairments in the complex chromosomal disorder Down syndrome (DS). Here, we demonstrate non-overlapping behavioral differences associated with distinct abnormalities in hippocampal and mPFC electrophysiology during a canonical spatial working memory task in three partially trisomic mouse models of DS (Dp1Tyb, Dp10Yey, and Dp17Yey) that together cover all regions of homology with human chromosome 21 (Hsa21). Dp1Tyb mice show slower decision-making (unrelated to the gene dose of DYRK1A, which has been implicated in DS cognitive dysfunction) and altered theta dynamics (reduced frequency, increased hippocampal-mPFC coherence, and increased modulation of hippocampal high gamma); Dp10Yey mice show impaired alternation performance and reduced theta modulation of hippocampal low gamma; and Dp17Yey mice are not significantly different from the wild type. These results link specific hippocampal and mPFC circuit dysfunctions to cognitive deficits in DS models and, importantly, map them to discrete regions of Hsa21.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Pishan Chang
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Epilepsy, UCL Queen Square Institute of Neurology, London WC1N 3BG, UK; Department of Neuromuscular Diseases, UCL Queen Square Institute of Neurology, London WC1N 3BG, UK
| | - Daniel Bush
- UCL Institute of Cognitive Neuroscience, UCL Queen Square Institute of Neurology, University College London WC1N 3AZ, UK
| | - Stephanie Schorge
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Epilepsy, UCL Queen Square Institute of Neurology, London WC1N 3BG, UK
| | - Mark Good
- School of Psychology, College of Biomedical and Life Sciences, Cardiff University, Cardiff CF10 3AT, UK
| | - Tara Canonica
- School of Psychology, College of Biomedical and Life Sciences, Cardiff University, Cardiff CF10 3AT, UK
| | - Nathanael Shing
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Epilepsy, UCL Queen Square Institute of Neurology, London WC1N 3BG, UK
| | - Suzanna Noy
- Department of Neuromuscular Diseases, UCL Queen Square Institute of Neurology, London WC1N 3BG, UK
| | - Frances K Wiseman
- Department of Neuromuscular Diseases, UCL Queen Square Institute of Neurology, London WC1N 3BG, UK
| | - Neil Burgess
- UCL Institute of Cognitive Neuroscience, UCL Queen Square Institute of Neurology, University College London WC1N 3AZ, UK
| | - Victor L J Tybulewicz
- Francis Crick Institute, London NW1 1AT, UK; Department of Medicine, Imperial College, London W12 0NN, UK
| | - Matthew C Walker
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Epilepsy, UCL Queen Square Institute of Neurology, London WC1N 3BG, UK.
| | - Elizabeth M C Fisher
- Department of Neuromuscular Diseases, UCL Queen Square Institute of Neurology, London WC1N 3BG, UK
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Battell EE, Lillywhite A, Hathway GJ. The changing role of descending control of spinal nociception over postnatal development. CURRENT OPINION IN PHYSIOLOGY 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cophys.2019.08.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
|
11
|
Slow-Wave Activity in the S1HL Cortex Is Contributed by Different Layer-Specific Field Potential Sources during Development. J Neurosci 2019; 39:8900-8915. [PMID: 31548234 PMCID: PMC6832678 DOI: 10.1523/jneurosci.1212-19.2019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/24/2019] [Revised: 08/06/2019] [Accepted: 08/27/2019] [Indexed: 01/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Spontaneous correlated activity in cortical columns is critical for postnatal circuit refinement. We used spatial discrimination techniques to explore the late maturation of synaptic pathways through the laminar distribution of the field potential (FP) generators underlying spontaneous and evoked activities of the S1HL cortex in juvenile (P14-P16) and adult anesthetized rats. Juveniles exhibit an intermittent FP pattern resembling Up/Down states in adults, but with much reduced power and different laminar distribution. Whereas FPs in active periods are dominated by a layer VI generator in juveniles, in adults a developing multipart generator takes over, displaying current sinks in middle layers (III-V). The blockade of excitatory transmission in upper and middle layers of adults recovered the juvenile-like FP profiles. In addition to the layer VI generator, a gamma-specific generator in supragranular layers was the same in both age groups. While searching for dynamical coupling among generators in juveniles we found significant cross-correlation in ∼one-half of the tested pairs, whereas excessive coherence hindered their efficient separation in adults. Also, potentials evoked by tactile and electrical stimuli showed different short-latency dipoles between the two age groups, and the juveniles lacked the characteristic long latency UP state currents in middle layers. In addition, the mean firing rate of neurons was lower in juveniles. Thus, cortical FPs originate from different intra-columnar segments as they become active postnatally. We suggest that although some cortical segments are active early postnatally, a functional sensory-motor control relies on a delayed maturation and network integration of synaptic connections in middle layers.SIGNIFICANCE STATEMENT Early postnatal activity in the rodent cortex is mostly endogenous, whereas it becomes driven by peripheral input at later stages. The precise schedule for the maturation of synaptic pathways is largely unknown. We explored this in the somatosensory hindlimb cortex at an age when animals begin to use their limbs by uncovering the laminar distribution of the field potential generators underlying the dominant delta waves in juveniles and adults. Our results suggest that field potentials are mostly generated by a pathway in deep layers, whereas other pathways mature later in middle layers and take over in adults. We suggest that a functional sensory-motor control relies on a delayed maturation and network integration of synaptic connections in middle layers.
Collapse
|
12
|
Brewer CL, Baccei ML. The development of pain circuits and unique effects of neonatal injury. J Neural Transm (Vienna) 2019; 127:467-479. [PMID: 31399790 DOI: 10.1007/s00702-019-02059-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/27/2019] [Accepted: 08/03/2019] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Pain is a necessary sensation that prevents further tissue damage, but can be debilitating and detrimental in daily life under chronic conditions. Neuronal activity strongly regulates the maturation of the somatosensory system, and aberrant sensory input caused by injury or inflammation during critical periods of early postnatal development can have prolonged, detrimental effects on pain processing. This review will outline the maturation of neuronal circuits responsible for the transmission of nociceptive signals and the generation of pain sensation-involving peripheral sensory neurons, the spinal cord dorsal horn, and brain-in addition to the influences of the neuroimmune system on somatosensation. This summary will also highlight the unique effects of neonatal tissue injury on the maturation of these systems and subsequent consequences for adult somatosensation. Ultimately, this review emphasizes the need to account for age as an independent variable in basic and clinical pain research, and importantly, to consider the distinct qualities of the pediatric population when designing novel strategies for pain management.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Chelsie L Brewer
- Neuroscience Graduate Program, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, 231 Albert Sabin Way, Cincinnati, OH, 45267, USA
- Department of Anesthesiology, Pain Research Center, University of Cincinnati Medical Center, 231 Albert Sabin Way, Cincinnati, OH, 45267, USA
| | - Mark L Baccei
- Neuroscience Graduate Program, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, 231 Albert Sabin Way, Cincinnati, OH, 45267, USA.
- Department of Anesthesiology, Pain Research Center, University of Cincinnati Medical Center, 231 Albert Sabin Way, Cincinnati, OH, 45267, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
13
|
Levy J, Yirmiya K, Goldstein A, Feldman R. Chronic trauma impairs the neural basis of empathy in mothers: Relations to parenting and children's empathic abilities. Dev Cogn Neurosci 2019; 38:100658. [PMID: 31121480 PMCID: PMC6969352 DOI: 10.1016/j.dcn.2019.100658] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/04/2018] [Revised: 04/29/2019] [Accepted: 05/09/2019] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Early life stress carries long-term negative consequences for children's well-being and maturation of the social brain. Here, we utilize a unique cohort to test its effects on mothers' social brain, targeting mothers' neural empathic response in relation to caregiving and child empathic abilities. Mother-child dyads living in a zone of repeated war-related trauma were followed from early childhood and mother-child behavioral synchrony was repeatedly observed. At pre-adolescence(11-13 years) children's empathic abilities were assessed and mothers(N = 88, N = 44 war-exposed) underwent magnetoencephalography(MEG) while exposed to vicarious pain. All mothers showed alpha suppression in sensorimotor regions, indicating automatic response to others' pain. However, trauma-exposed mothers did not exhibit gamma oscillations in viceromotor cortex, a neural marker of mature empathy which utilizes interoceptive mechanisms for higher-order understanding and does not emerge before adulthood. Mother-child synchrony across the first decade predicted mothers' viceromotor gamma, and both synchrony and maternal viceromotor gamma mediated the relations between war-exposure and child empathic abilities, possibly charting a cross-generational pathway from mothers' mature neural empathy to children's empathic capacities. Our findings are first to probe the maternal social brain in adolescence in relation to parenting and underscore the need for targeted interventions to mothers raising children in contexts of chronic stress.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Karen Yirmiya
- Interdisciplinary Center, Herzliya, 46150, Israel; Department of Psychology and the Gonda Brain Center, Bar-Ilan University, Ramat Gan, 5290002, Israel
| | - Abraham Goldstein
- Department of Psychology and the Gonda Brain Center, Bar-Ilan University, Ramat Gan, 5290002, Israel
| | - Ruth Feldman
- Interdisciplinary Center, Herzliya, 46150, Israel; Yale University, Child Study Center, New Haven, CT, 06520, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
14
|
Gamma oscillations in somatosensory cortex recruit prefrontal and descending serotonergic pathways in aversion and nociception. Nat Commun 2019; 10:983. [PMID: 30816113 PMCID: PMC6395755 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-019-08873-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 78] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2017] [Accepted: 02/04/2019] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
In humans, gamma-band oscillations in the primary somatosensory cortex (S1) correlate with subjective pain perception. However, functional contributions to pain and the nature of underlying circuits are unclear. Here we report that gamma oscillations, but not other rhythms, are specifically strengthened independently of any motor component in the S1 cortex of mice during nociception. Moreover, mice with inflammatory pain show elevated resting gamma and alpha activity and increased gamma power in response to sub-threshold stimuli, in association with behavioral nociceptive hypersensitivity. Inducing gamma oscillations via optogenetic activation of parvalbumin-expressing inhibitory interneurons in the S1 cortex enhances nociceptive sensitivity and induces aversive avoidance behavior. Activity mapping identified a network of prefrontal cortical and subcortical centers whilst morphological tracing and pharmacological studies demonstrate the requirement of descending serotonergic facilitatory pathways in these pain-related behaviors. This study thus describes a mechanistic framework for modulation of pain by specific activity patterns in the S1 cortex. Gamma oscillations in somatosensory areas in humans correlate with pain perception and pain stimulus intensity, but could also reflect cognitive processes such as attention. Here the authors provide evidence in mice that these oscillations causally contribute to pain perception.
Collapse
|
15
|
Wen TH, Lovelace JW, Ethell IM, Binder DK, Razak KA. Developmental Changes in EEG Phenotypes in a Mouse Model of Fragile X Syndrome. Neuroscience 2018; 398:126-143. [PMID: 30528856 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuroscience.2018.11.047] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2018] [Revised: 11/27/2018] [Accepted: 11/29/2018] [Indexed: 01/29/2023]
Abstract
Fragile X Syndrome (FXS) is a leading genetic cause of autism and intellectual disabilities. Sensory-processing deficits are common in humans with FXS and an animal model, the Fmr1 knockout (KO) mouse, manifesting in the auditory system as debilitating hypersensitivity and abnormal electroencephalographic (EEG) and event-related potential (ERP) phenotypes. FXS is a neurodevelopmental disorder, but how EEG/ERP phenotypes change during development is unclear. Therefore, we characterized baseline and stimulus-evoked EEG in auditory and frontal cortex of developing (postnatal day (P) 21 and P30) and adult (P60) wildtype (WT) and Fmr1 KO mice with the FVB genetic background. We found that baseline gamma-band power and N1 amplitude of auditory ERP were increased in frontal cortex of Fmr1 KO mice during development and in adults. Baseline gamma power was increased in auditory cortex at P30. Genotype differences in stimulus-evoked gamma power were present in both cortical regions, but the direction and strength of the changes were age-dependent. These findings suggest that cortical deficits are present during early development and may contribute to sensory-processing deficits in FXS, which in turn may lead to anxiety and delayed language. Developmental changes in EEG measures indicate that observations at a single time-point during development are not reflective of FXS disease progression and highlight the need to identify developmental trajectories and optimal windows for treatment.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Teresa H Wen
- Neuroscience Graduate Program, University of California Riverside, Riverside, CA 92521, USA
| | - Jonathan W Lovelace
- Psychology Department and Psychology Graduate Program, University of California Riverside, Riverside, CA 92521, USA
| | - Iryna M Ethell
- Neuroscience Graduate Program, University of California Riverside, Riverside, CA 92521, USA; Division of Biomedical Sciences, School of Medicine, University of California Riverside, Riverside, CA 92521, USA
| | - Devin K Binder
- Neuroscience Graduate Program, University of California Riverside, Riverside, CA 92521, USA; Division of Biomedical Sciences, School of Medicine, University of California Riverside, Riverside, CA 92521, USA
| | - Khaleel A Razak
- Neuroscience Graduate Program, University of California Riverside, Riverside, CA 92521, USA; Psychology Department and Psychology Graduate Program, University of California Riverside, Riverside, CA 92521, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
16
|
Abstract
Artificial intelligence allows machines to predict human faculties such as image and voice recognition. Can machines be taught to measure pain? We argue that the two fundamental requirements for a device with 'pain biomarker' capabilities are hardware and software. We discuss the merits and limitations of electroencephalography (EEG) as the hardware component of a putative embodiment of the device, and advances in the application of machine learning approaches to EEG for predicting pain.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Joshua Levitt
- Department of Neurosurgery, Rhode Island Hospital, Department of Neuroscience, Brown University, Providence, RI, USA
| | - Carl Y Saab
- Department of Neurosurgery, Rhode Island Hospital, Department of Neuroscience, Brown University, Providence, RI, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
17
|
Zieminska E, Toczylowska B, Diamandakis D, Hilgier W, Filipkowski RK, Polowy R, Orzel J, Gorka M, Lazarewicz JW. Glutamate, Glutamine and GABA Levels in Rat Brain Measured Using MRS, HPLC and NMR Methods in Study of Two Models of Autism. Front Mol Neurosci 2018; 11:418. [PMID: 30505268 PMCID: PMC6250849 DOI: 10.3389/fnmol.2018.00418] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2018] [Accepted: 10/26/2018] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
The disorders of the glutamatergic neurotransmission have been associated with pathogenesis of autism. In this study we evaluated the impact of the in vivo and ex vivo test methodology on measurements of levels of neurotransmitter amino acids in hippocampus of rats for valproic acid- (VPA) and thalidomide- (THAL) induced models of autism. The main goal was to compare the changes in concentrations of glutamate (Glu), glutamine (Gln) and GABA between both autistic groups and the control, measured in vivo and ex vivo in homogenates. The rat pups underwent three in vivo tests: ultrasonic vocalization (USV), magnetic resonance spectroscopy (MRS) and unilateral microdialysis of the hippocampus. Analyses of homogenates of rat hippocampus were performed using high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) and nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopy. For the statistical analysis, we performed univariate and multivariate tests. USV test, which is considered in rodents as an indicator of pathology similar to autism, showed decreased USV in VPA and THAL groups. In vivo MRS studies demonstrated increases of Glu content in male rat's hippocampus in VPA and THAL groups, while the microdialysis, which allows examination of the contents in the extracellular space, detected decreases in the basal level of Gln concentrations in VPA and THAL groups. Ex vivo HPLC studies showed that levels of Glu, Gln and GABA significantly increased in male rat's hippocampus in the VPA and THAL groups, while NMR studies showed increased levels of Gln and GABA in the VPA group. Collectively, these results are consistent with the hypothesis suggesting the role of the glutamatergic disturbances on the pathogenesis of autism. For all methods used, the values of measured changes were in the same direction. The orthogonal partial least square discriminant analysis confirmed that both animal models of autism tested here can be used to trace neurochemical changes in the brain.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Elzbieta Zieminska
- Mossakowski Medical Research Centre, Polish Academy of Sciences, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Beata Toczylowska
- Nalecz Institute of Biocybernetics and Biomedical Engineering, Polish Academy of Sciences, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Dominik Diamandakis
- Mossakowski Medical Research Centre, Polish Academy of Sciences, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Wojciech Hilgier
- Mossakowski Medical Research Centre, Polish Academy of Sciences, Warsaw, Poland
| | | | - Rafal Polowy
- Mossakowski Medical Research Centre, Polish Academy of Sciences, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Jaroslaw Orzel
- Mossakowski Medical Research Centre, Polish Academy of Sciences, Warsaw, Poland.,Faculty of Electronics and Information Technology, Warsaw University of Technology, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Michal Gorka
- Faculty of Physics, University of Warsaw, Warsaw, Poland
| | | |
Collapse
|
18
|
Koyama S, LeBlanc BW, Smith KA, Roach C, Levitt J, Edhi MM, Michishita M, Komatsu T, Mashita O, Tanikawa A, Yoshikawa S, Saab CY. An Electroencephalography Bioassay for Preclinical Testing of Analgesic Efficacy. Sci Rep 2018; 8:16402. [PMID: 30401974 PMCID: PMC6219560 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-018-34594-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2018] [Accepted: 10/22/2018] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
We present a multimodal method combining quantitative electroencephalography (EEG), behavior and pharmacology for pre-clinical screening of analgesic efficacy in vivo. The method consists of an objective and non-invasive approach for realtime assessment of spontaneous nociceptive states based on EEG recordings of theta power over primary somatosensory cortex in awake rats. Three drugs were chosen: (1) pregabalin, a CNS-acting calcium channel inhibitor; (2) EMA 401, a PNS-acting angiotensin II type 2 receptor inhibitor; and (3) minocycline, a CNS-acting glial inhibitor. Optimal doses were determined based on pharmacokinetic studies and/or published data. The effects of these drugs at single or multiple doses were tested on the attenuation of theta power and paw withdrawal latency (PWL) in a rat model of neuropathic pain. We report mostly parallel trends in the reversal of theta power and PWL in response to administration of pregabalin and EMA 401, but not minocycline. We also note divergent trends at non-optimal doses and following prolonged drug administration, suggesting that EEG theta power can be used to detect false positive and false negative outcomes of the withdrawal reflex behavior, and yielding novel insights into the analgesic effects of these drugs on spontaneous nociceptive states in rats.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Suguru Koyama
- Department of Neurosurgery, Rhode Island Hospital, Providence, RI, USA.,Department of Neuroscience, Brown University, Providence, RI, USA.,Laboratory for Pharmacology, Asahi KASEI Pharma Corporation, Shizuoka, Japan
| | - Brian W LeBlanc
- Department of Neurosurgery, Rhode Island Hospital, Providence, RI, USA.,Department of Neuroscience, Brown University, Providence, RI, USA
| | - Kelsey A Smith
- Department of Neurosurgery, Rhode Island Hospital, Providence, RI, USA.,Department of Neuroscience, Brown University, Providence, RI, USA
| | - Catherine Roach
- Department of Neurosurgery, Rhode Island Hospital, Providence, RI, USA.,Department of Neuroscience, Brown University, Providence, RI, USA
| | - Joshua Levitt
- Department of Neurosurgery, Rhode Island Hospital, Providence, RI, USA.,Department of Neuroscience, Brown University, Providence, RI, USA
| | - Muhammad M Edhi
- Department of Neurosurgery, Rhode Island Hospital, Providence, RI, USA.,Department of Neuroscience, Brown University, Providence, RI, USA
| | - Mai Michishita
- Laboratory for Pharmacology, Asahi KASEI Pharma Corporation, Shizuoka, Japan
| | - Takayuki Komatsu
- Laboratory for Pharmacology, Asahi KASEI Pharma Corporation, Shizuoka, Japan
| | - Okishi Mashita
- Laboratory for Safety Assessment & ADME, Asahi KASEI Pharma Corporation, Shizuoka, Japan
| | - Aki Tanikawa
- Laboratory for Safety Assessment & ADME, Asahi KASEI Pharma Corporation, Shizuoka, Japan
| | - Satoru Yoshikawa
- Laboratory for Pharmacology, Asahi KASEI Pharma Corporation, Shizuoka, Japan
| | - Carl Y Saab
- Department of Neurosurgery, Rhode Island Hospital, Providence, RI, USA. .,Department of Neuroscience, Brown University, Providence, RI, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
19
|
Mellor DJ. Tail Docking of Canine Puppies: Reassessment of the Tail's Role in Communication, the Acute Pain Caused by Docking and Interpretation of Behavioural Responses. Animals (Basel) 2018; 8:ani8060082. [PMID: 29857482 PMCID: PMC6028921 DOI: 10.3390/ani8060082] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/02/2018] [Revised: 05/30/2018] [Accepted: 05/30/2018] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Simple Summary Bans or restrictions on non-therapeutic tail docking of canine puppies are becoming more widespread. Justifications for constraining this practice have usually referred to hindrances to the tail contributing to unambiguous communication between different dogs, the marked acute pain presumed to be experienced during the docking procedure itself, the subsequent occurrence of chronic pain and heightened pain sensitivity, and other harmful complications. The present re-examination of these matters led to the following conclusions: first, the contribution the tail makes to canine communication has been seriously underestimated; second, the capacity of puppies to consciously experience any pain at the early ages docking is usually conducted has been markedly overestimated; third, the probability that docking causes significant chronic pain and an ongoing heightened pain sensitivity is reaffirmed as high; and fourth, other harmful effects are apparent, but their prevalence is not well documented. Nevertheless, it is concluded that, overall, the life-long negative welfare impacts of tail docking in puppies, especially impacts associated with impaired communication, as also the occurrence of chronic pain and heightened pain sensitivity, still strongly justify banning or restricting docking unless it is undertaken for therapeutic purposes. Abstract Laws, regulations and professional standards increasingly aim to ban or restrict non-therapeutic tail docking in canine puppies. These constraints have usually been justified by reference to loss of tail participation in communication between dogs, the acute pain presumed to be caused during docking itself, subsequent experiences of chronic pain and heightened pain sensitivity, and the occurrence of other complications. These areas are reconsidered here. First, a scientifically robust examination of the dynamic functional foundations, sensory components and key features of body language that are integral to canine communication shows that the role of the tail has been greatly underestimated. More specifically, it shows that tail behaviour is so embedded in canine communication that docking can markedly impede unambiguous interactions between different dogs and between dogs and people. These interactions include the expression of wide ranges of both negative and positive emotions, moods and intentions that are of daily significance for dog welfare. Moreover, all docked dogs may experience these impediments throughout their lives, which challenges assertions by opponents to such bans or restrictions that the tail is a dispensable appendage. Second, and in contrast, a re-examination of the sensory capacities of canine puppies reveals that they cannot consciously experience acute or chronic pain during at least the first week after birth, which is when they are usually docked. The contrary view is based on questionable between-species extrapolation of information about pain from neurologically mature newborns such as calves, lambs, piglets and human infants, which certainly can consciously experience pain in response to injury, to neurologically immature puppies which remain unconscious and therefore unable to experience pain until about two weeks after birth. Third, underpinned by the incorrect conclusion that puppies are conscious at the usual docking age, it is argued here that the well-validated human emotional drive or desire to care for and protect vulnerable young, leads observers to misread striking docking-induced behaviour as indicating that the puppies consciously experience significant acute pain and distress. Fourth, updated information reaffirms the conclusion that a significant proportion of dogs docked as puppies will subsequently experience persistent and significant chronic pain and heightened pain sensitivity. And fifth, other reported negative consequences of docking should also be considered because, although their prevalence is unclear, when they do occur they would have significant negative welfare impacts. It is argued that the present analysis strengthens the rationale for such bans or restrictions on docking of puppies by clarifying which of several justifications previously used are and are not scientifically supportable. In particular, it highlights the major roles the tail plays in canine communication, as well as the lifetime handicaps to communication caused by docking. Thus, it is concluded that non-therapeutic tail docking of puppies represents an unnecessary removal of a necessary appendage and should therefore be banned or restricted.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- David J Mellor
- Animal Welfare Science and Bioethics Centre, School of Veterinary Science, Massey University, Palmerston North 4474, New Zealand.
| |
Collapse
|
20
|
Levy J, Goldstein A, Pratt M, Feldman R. Maturation of Pain Empathy from Child to Adult Shifts from Single to Multiple Neural Rhythms to Support Interoceptive Representations. Sci Rep 2018; 8:1810. [PMID: 29379042 PMCID: PMC5788915 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-018-19810-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2017] [Accepted: 01/05/2018] [Indexed: 01/26/2023] Open
Abstract
While empathy to the pain of conspecific is evolutionary-ancient and is observed in rodents and in primates, it also integrates higher-order affective representations. Yet, it is unclear whether human empathy for pain is inborn or matures during development and what neural processes underpin its maturation. Using magnetoencephalography, we monitored the brain response of children, adolescents, and adults (n = 209) to others' pain, testing the shift from childhood to adult functioning. Results indicate that children's vicarious empathy for pain operates via rudimentary sensory predictions involving alpha oscillations in somatosensory cortex, while adults' response recruits advanced mechanisms of updating sensory predictions and activating affective empathy in viceromotor cortex via higher-level representations involving beta- and gamma-band activity. Our findings suggest that full-blown empathy to others' pain emerges only in adulthood and involves a shift from sensory self-based to interoceptive other-focused mechanisms that support human altruism, maintain self-other differentiation, modulate feedback to monitor other's state, and activate a plan of action to alleviate other's suffering.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jonathan Levy
- Interdisciplinary Center, Herzliya, 46150, Israel.
- Gonda Multidisciplinary Brain Research Center, Bar-Ilan University, Ramat Gan, 5290002, Israel.
| | - Abraham Goldstein
- Gonda Multidisciplinary Brain Research Center, Bar-Ilan University, Ramat Gan, 5290002, Israel
- Department of Psychology, Bar-Ilan University, Ramat Gan, 5290002, Israel
| | - Maayan Pratt
- Gonda Multidisciplinary Brain Research Center, Bar-Ilan University, Ramat Gan, 5290002, Israel
- Department of Psychology, Bar-Ilan University, Ramat Gan, 5290002, Israel
| | - Ruth Feldman
- Interdisciplinary Center, Herzliya, 46150, Israel.
- Gonda Multidisciplinary Brain Research Center, Bar-Ilan University, Ramat Gan, 5290002, Israel.
- Department of Psychology, Bar-Ilan University, Ramat Gan, 5290002, Israel.
- Yale University, Child Study Center, New Haven, CT, 06520, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
21
|
Xiong W, Ping X, Ripsch MS, Chavez GSC, Hannon HE, Jiang K, Bao C, Jadhav V, Chen L, Chai Z, Ma C, Wu H, Feng J, Blesch A, White FA, Jin X. Enhancing excitatory activity of somatosensory cortex alleviates neuropathic pain through regulating homeostatic plasticity. Sci Rep 2017; 7:12743. [PMID: 28986567 PMCID: PMC5630599 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-017-12972-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/13/2017] [Accepted: 09/18/2017] [Indexed: 01/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Central sensitization and network hyperexcitability of the nociceptive system is a basic mechanism of neuropathic pain. We hypothesize that development of cortical hyperexcitability underlying neuropathic pain may involve homeostatic plasticity in response to lesion-induced somatosensory deprivation and activity loss, and can be controlled by enhancing cortical activity. In a mouse model of neuropathic pain, in vivo two-photon imaging and patch clamp recording showed initial loss and subsequent recovery and enhancement of spontaneous firings of somatosensory cortical pyramidal neurons. Unilateral optogenetic stimulation of cortical pyramidal neurons both prevented and reduced pain-like behavior as detected by bilateral mechanical hypersensitivity of hindlimbs, but corpus callosotomy eliminated the analgesic effect that was ipsilateral, but not contralateral, to optogenetic stimulation, suggesting involvement of inter-hemispheric excitatory drive in this effect. Enhancing activity by focally blocking cortical GABAergic inhibition had a similar relieving effect on the pain-like behavior. Patch clamp recordings from layer V pyramidal neurons showed that optogenetic stimulation normalized cortical hyperexcitability through changing neuronal membrane properties and reducing frequency of excitatory postsynaptic events. We conclude that development of neuropathic pain involves abnormal homeostatic activity regulation of somatosensory cortex, and that enhancing cortical excitatory activity may be a novel strategy for preventing and controlling neuropathic pain.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Wenhui Xiong
- Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, 46202, USA
- Spinal Cord and Brain Injury Research Group, Stark Neurosciences Research Institute. Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, 46202, USA
| | - Xingjie Ping
- Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, 46202, USA
- Spinal Cord and Brain Injury Research Group, Stark Neurosciences Research Institute. Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, 46202, USA
| | - Matthew S Ripsch
- Department of Anesthesia, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, 46202, USA
| | - Grace Santa Cruz Chavez
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Purdue School of Engineering and Technology. IUPUI, Indianapolis, USA
| | - Heidi Elise Hannon
- Department of Neurological Surgery, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, 46202, USA
- Spinal Cord and Brain Injury Research Group, Stark Neurosciences Research Institute. Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, 46202, USA
| | - Kewen Jiang
- Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, 46202, USA
- Department of Neurology, Children's Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Chunhui Bao
- Shanghai Research Institute of Acupuncture-Moxibustion and Meridian, Shanghai, China
| | - Vaishnavi Jadhav
- Department of Anesthesia, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, 46202, USA
| | - Lifang Chen
- Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, 46202, USA
- Department of Acupuncture, Zhejiang Traditional Chinese Medical University and the Third Affiliated Hospital, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Zhi Chai
- Research Center of Neurobiology, Shanxi University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Taiyuan, China
| | - Cungen Ma
- Research Center of Neurobiology, Shanxi University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Taiyuan, China
| | - Huangan Wu
- Shanghai Research Institute of Acupuncture-Moxibustion and Meridian, Shanghai, China
| | - Jianqiao Feng
- Department of Acupuncture, Zhejiang Traditional Chinese Medical University and the Third Affiliated Hospital, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Armin Blesch
- Department of Neurological Surgery, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, 46202, USA
- Spinal Cord and Brain Injury Research Group, Stark Neurosciences Research Institute. Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, 46202, USA
| | - Fletcher A White
- Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, 46202, USA.
- Department of Anesthesia, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, 46202, USA.
- Research and Development Services, Richard L. Roudebush VA Medical Center, Indianapolis, IN 46202, USA.
| | - Xiaoming Jin
- Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, 46202, USA.
- Department of Neurological Surgery, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, 46202, USA.
- Spinal Cord and Brain Injury Research Group, Stark Neurosciences Research Institute. Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, 46202, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
22
|
Levitt J, Choo HJ, Smith KA, LeBlanc BW, Saab CY. Electroencephalographic frontal synchrony and caudal asynchrony during painful hand immersion in cold water. Brain Res Bull 2017; 130:75-80. [DOI: 10.1016/j.brainresbull.2016.12.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2016] [Accepted: 12/20/2016] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
|