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Hatami M, Özbek A, Deán‐Ben XL, Gutierrez J, Schill A, Razansky D, Larin KV. Noninvasive Tracking of Embryonic Cardiac Dynamics and Development with Volumetric Optoacoustic Spectroscopy. ADVANCED SCIENCE (WEINHEIM, BADEN-WURTTEMBERG, GERMANY) 2024; 11:e2400089. [PMID: 38526147 PMCID: PMC11165471 DOI: 10.1002/advs.202400089] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/03/2024] [Revised: 02/29/2024] [Indexed: 03/26/2024]
Abstract
Noninvasive monitoring of cardiac development can potentially prevent cardiac anomalies in adulthood. Mouse models provide unique opportunities to study cardiac development and disease in mammals. However, high-resolution noninvasive functional analyses of murine embryonic cardiac models are challenging because of the small size and fast volumetric motion of the embryonic heart, which is deeply embedded inside the uterus. In this study, a real time volumetric optoacoustic spectroscopy (VOS) platform for whole-heart visualization with high spatial (100 µm) and temporal (10 ms) resolutions is developed. Embryonic heart development on gestational days (GDs) 14.5-17.5 and quantify cardiac dynamics using time-lapse-4D image data of the heart is followed. Additionally, spectroscopic recordings enable the quantification of the blood oxygenation status in heart chambers in a label-free and noninvasive manner. This technology introduces new possibilities for high-resolution quantification of embryonic heart function at different gestational stages in mammalian models, offering an invaluable noninvasive method for developmental biology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maryam Hatami
- Department of Biomedical EngineeringUniversity of HoustonHoustonTX77004USA
| | - Ali Özbek
- Institute for Biomedical Engineering and Institute of Pharmacology and ToxicologyFaculty of MedicineUniversity of ZurichZurich8057Switzerland
- Institute for Biomedical EngineeringDepartment of Information Technology and Electrical EngineeringETH ZurichZurich8092Switzerland
| | - Xosé Luís Deán‐Ben
- Institute for Biomedical Engineering and Institute of Pharmacology and ToxicologyFaculty of MedicineUniversity of ZurichZurich8057Switzerland
- Institute for Biomedical EngineeringDepartment of Information Technology and Electrical EngineeringETH ZurichZurich8092Switzerland
| | - Jessica Gutierrez
- Department of Biomedical EngineeringUniversity of HoustonHoustonTX77004USA
| | - Alexander Schill
- Department of Biomedical EngineeringUniversity of HoustonHoustonTX77004USA
| | - Daniel Razansky
- Institute for Biomedical Engineering and Institute of Pharmacology and ToxicologyFaculty of MedicineUniversity of ZurichZurich8057Switzerland
- Institute for Biomedical EngineeringDepartment of Information Technology and Electrical EngineeringETH ZurichZurich8092Switzerland
| | - Kirill V. Larin
- Department of Biomedical EngineeringUniversity of HoustonHoustonTX77004USA
- Department of Integrative PhysiologyBaylor College of MedicineHoustonTX77030USA
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2
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Cardarelli S, Biglietto M, Orsini T, Fustaino V, Monaco L, de Oliveira do Rêgo AG, Liccardo F, Masciarelli S, Fazi F, Naro F, De Angelis L, Pellegrini M. Modulation of cAMP/cGMP signaling as prevention of congenital heart defects in Pde2A deficient embryos: a matter of oxidative stress. Cell Death Dis 2024; 15:169. [PMID: 38395995 PMCID: PMC10891154 DOI: 10.1038/s41419-024-06549-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2023] [Revised: 02/06/2024] [Accepted: 02/08/2024] [Indexed: 02/25/2024]
Abstract
Phosphodiesterase 2A (Pde2A) is a dual-specific PDE that breaks down both cAMP and cGMP cyclic nucleotides. We recently highlighted a direct relationship between Pde2A impairment, a consequent increase of cAMP, and the appearance of mouse congenital heart defects (CHDs). Here we aimed to characterize the pathways involved in the development of CHDs and in their prevention by pharmacological approaches targeting cAMP and cGMP signaling. Transcriptome analysis revealed a modulation of more than 500 genes affecting biological processes involved in the immune system, cardiomyocyte development and contractility, angiogenesis, transcription, and oxidative stress in hearts from Pde2A-/- embryos. Metoprolol and H89 pharmacological administration prevented heart dilatation and hypertabeculation in Pde2A-/- embryos. Metoprolol was also able to partially impede heart septum defect and oxidative stress at tissue and molecular levels. Amelioration of cardiac defects was also observed by using the antioxidant NAC, indicating oxidative stress as one of the molecular mechanisms underpinning the CHDs. In addition, Sildenafil treatment recovered cardiac defects suggesting the requirement of cAMP/cGMP nucleotides balance for the correct heart development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Silvia Cardarelli
- Department of Anatomical, Histological, Forensic and Orthopaedic Sciences, Sapienza University of Rome, 00161, Rome, Italy
| | - Martina Biglietto
- Department of Anatomical, Histological, Forensic and Orthopaedic Sciences, Sapienza University of Rome, 00161, Rome, Italy
- Institute of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, IBBC-CNR, 00015, Monterotondo Scalo, Rome, Italy
| | - Tiziana Orsini
- Institute of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, IBBC-CNR, 00015, Monterotondo Scalo, Rome, Italy
| | - Valentina Fustaino
- Institute of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, IBBC-CNR, 00015, Monterotondo Scalo, Rome, Italy
| | - Lucia Monaco
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Sapienza University of Rome, 00185, Rome, Italy
| | | | - Francesca Liccardo
- Department of Anatomical, Histological, Forensic and Orthopaedic Sciences, Sapienza University of Rome, 00161, Rome, Italy
| | - Silvia Masciarelli
- Department of Anatomical, Histological, Forensic and Orthopaedic Sciences, Sapienza University of Rome, 00161, Rome, Italy
| | - Francesco Fazi
- Department of Anatomical, Histological, Forensic and Orthopaedic Sciences, Sapienza University of Rome, 00161, Rome, Italy
| | - Fabio Naro
- Department of Anatomical, Histological, Forensic and Orthopaedic Sciences, Sapienza University of Rome, 00161, Rome, Italy
| | - Luciana De Angelis
- Department of Anatomical, Histological, Forensic and Orthopaedic Sciences, Sapienza University of Rome, 00161, Rome, Italy
| | - Manuela Pellegrini
- Institute of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, IBBC-CNR, 00015, Monterotondo Scalo, Rome, Italy.
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3
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Bogush N, Tan L, Naqvi E, Calvert JW, Graham RM, Taylor WR, Naqvi N, Husain A. Remuscularization with triiodothyronine and β 1-blocker therapy reverses post-ischemic left ventricular dysfunction and adverse remodeling. Sci Rep 2022; 12:8852. [PMID: 35614155 PMCID: PMC9132945 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-022-12723-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/04/2022] [Accepted: 05/09/2022] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Renewal of the myocardium by preexisting cardiomyocytes is a powerful strategy for restoring the architecture and function of hearts injured by myocardial infarction. To advance this strategy, we show that combining two clinically approved drugs, but neither alone, muscularizes the heart through cardiomyocyte proliferation. Specifically, in adult murine cardiomyocytes, metoprolol, a cardioselective β1-adrenergic receptor blocker, when given with triiodothyronine (T3, a thyroid hormone) accentuates the ability of T3 to stimulate ERK1/2 phosphorylation and proliferative signaling by inhibiting expression of the nuclear phospho-ERK1/2-specific phosphatase, dual-specificity phosphatase-5. While short-duration metoprolol plus T3 therapy generates new heart muscle in healthy mice, in mice with myocardial infarction-induced left ventricular dysfunction and pathological remodeling, it remuscularizes the heart, restores contractile function and reverses chamber dilatation; outcomes that are enduring. If the beneficial effects of metoprolol plus T3 are replicated in humans, this therapeutic strategy has the potential to definitively address ischemic heart failure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nikolay Bogush
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, Emory University School of Medicine, 3311 WMRB, 323 WMRB, 101 Woodruff Circle, Atlanta, GA, 30322, USA
| | - Lin Tan
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, Emory University School of Medicine, 3311 WMRB, 323 WMRB, 101 Woodruff Circle, Atlanta, GA, 30322, USA
| | - Emmen Naqvi
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, Emory University School of Medicine, 3311 WMRB, 323 WMRB, 101 Woodruff Circle, Atlanta, GA, 30322, USA
| | - John W Calvert
- Department of Surgery, Carlyle Fraser Heart Center, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA, 30322, USA
| | - Robert M Graham
- Victor Chang Cardiac Research Institute, Sydney, NSW, 2010, Australia
| | - W Robert Taylor
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, Emory University School of Medicine, 3311 WMRB, 323 WMRB, 101 Woodruff Circle, Atlanta, GA, 30322, USA
- Cardiology Division, Atlanta Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Decatur, GA, 30033, USA
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Emory University School of Medicine and Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA, 30322, USA
| | - Nawazish Naqvi
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, Emory University School of Medicine, 3311 WMRB, 323 WMRB, 101 Woodruff Circle, Atlanta, GA, 30322, USA.
| | - Ahsan Husain
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, Emory University School of Medicine, 3311 WMRB, 323 WMRB, 101 Woodruff Circle, Atlanta, GA, 30322, USA.
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4
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Sorrentino A, Bagwan N, Linscheid N, Poulsen PC, Kahnert K, Thomsen MB, Delmar M, Lundby A. Beta-blocker/ACE inhibitor therapy differentially impacts the steady state signaling landscape of failing and non-failing hearts. Sci Rep 2022; 12:4760. [PMID: 35306519 PMCID: PMC8934364 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-022-08534-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/23/2021] [Accepted: 03/09/2022] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Heart failure is a multifactorial disease that affects an estimated 38 million people worldwide. Current pharmacotherapy of heart failure with reduced ejection fraction (HFrEF) includes combination therapy with angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors (ACEi) and β-adrenergic receptor blockers (β-AR blockers), a therapy also used as treatment for non-cardiac conditions. Our knowledge of the molecular changes accompanying treatment with ACEi and β-AR blockers is limited. Here, we applied proteomics and phosphoproteomics approaches to profile the global changes in protein abundance and phosphorylation state in cardiac left ventricles consequent to combination therapy of β-AR blocker and ACE inhibitor in HFrEF and control hearts. The phosphorylation changes induced by treatment were profoundly different for failing than for non-failing hearts. HFrEF was characterized by profound downregulation of mitochondrial proteins coupled with derangement of β-adrenergic and pyruvate dehydrogenase signaling. Upon treatment, phosphorylation changes consequent to HFrEF were reversed. In control hearts, treatment mainly led to downregulation of canonical PKA signaling. The observation of divergent signaling outcomes depending on disease state underscores the importance of evaluating drug effects within the context of the specific conditions present in the recipient heart.
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Wenker IC, Blizzard EA, Wagley PK, Patel MK. Peri-Ictal Autonomic Control of Cardiac Function and Seizure-Induced Death. Front Neurosci 2022; 15:795145. [PMID: 35126041 PMCID: PMC8813980 DOI: 10.3389/fnins.2021.795145] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/14/2021] [Accepted: 12/13/2021] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Sudden unexpected death in epilepsy (SUDEP) accounts for the deaths of 8–17% of patients with epilepsy. Although the mechanisms of SUDEP are unknown, one proposed mechanism is abnormal control of the heart by the autonomic nervous system (ANS). Our objective was to determine whether the broad changes in ictal heart rate experienced by mouse models of SUDEP are (1) due to the ANS and (2) contribute to seizure-induced death. Seizures were induced by electrical stimulation of the hippocampus of a mouse carrying the human SCN8A encephalopathy mutation p.Asn1768Asp (N1768D; “D/+ mice”). Using standard autonomic pharmacology, the relative roles of the parasympathetic and sympathetic nervous systems on heart rate changes associated with seizures were determined. All induced seizures had pronounced ictal bradycardia and postictal tachycardia. Seizure susceptibility or severity were unchanged by the pharmacological agents. Administration of Atropine, a muscarinic antagonist, eliminated ictal bradycardia, while carbachol, a muscarinic agonist, had no effect on ictal bradycardia, but reduced postictal tachycardia. Sotalol, an adrenergic β-receptor antagonist, had no effect on ictal bradycardia, but did suppress postictal tachycardia. Isoproterenol, a β-receptor agonist, had no effect on either ictal bradycardia or postictal tachycardia. Administration of the α1-receptor antagonist prazosin increases the incidence of seizure-induced death in D/+ mice. Although postictal heart rate was lower for these fatal seizures in the presence of prazosin, rates were not as low as that recorded for carbachol treated mice, which all survived. Both ictal bradycardia and postictal tachycardia are manifestations of the ANS. Bradycardia is mediated by a maximal activation of the parasympathetic arm of the ANS, and tachycardia is mediated by parasympathetic inactivation and sympathetic activation. While the changes in heart rate during seizures are profound, suppression of postictal heart rate did not increase seizure mortality.
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Pauls E, Bayod S, Mateo L, Alcalde V, Juan-Blanco T, Sánchez-Soto M, Saido TC, Saito T, Berrenguer-Llergo A, Attolini CSO, Gay M, de Oliveira E, Duran-Frigola M, Aloy P. Identification and drug-induced reversion of molecular signatures of Alzheimer's disease onset and progression in App NL-G-F, App NL-F, and 3xTg-AD mouse models. Genome Med 2021; 13:168. [PMID: 34702310 PMCID: PMC8547095 DOI: 10.1186/s13073-021-00983-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/16/2021] [Accepted: 09/29/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND In spite of many years of research, our understanding of the molecular bases of Alzheimer's disease (AD) is still incomplete, and the medical treatments available mainly target the disease symptoms and are hardly effective. Indeed, the modulation of a single target (e.g., β-secretase) has proven to be insufficient to significantly alter the physiopathology of the disease, and we should therefore move from gene-centric to systemic therapeutic strategies, where AD-related changes are modulated globally. METHODS Here we present the complete characterization of three murine models of AD at different stages of the disease (i.e., onset, progression and advanced). We combined the cognitive assessment of these mice with histological analyses and full transcriptional and protein quantification profiling of the hippocampus. Additionally, we derived specific Aβ-related molecular AD signatures and looked for drugs able to globally revert them. RESULTS We found that AD models show accelerated aging and that factors specifically associated with Aβ pathology are involved. We discovered a few proteins whose abundance increases with AD progression, while the corresponding transcript levels remain stable, and showed that at least two of them (i.e., lfit3 and Syt11) co-localize with Aβ plaques in the brain. Finally, we found two NSAIDs (dexketoprofen and etodolac) and two anti-hypertensives (penbutolol and bendroflumethiazide) that overturn the cognitive impairment in AD mice while reducing Aβ plaques in the hippocampus and partially restoring the physiological levels of AD signature genes to wild-type levels. CONCLUSIONS The characterization of three AD mouse models at different disease stages provides an unprecedented view of AD pathology and how this differs from physiological aging. Moreover, our computational strategy to chemically revert AD signatures has shown that NSAID and anti-hypertensive drugs may still have an opportunity as anti-AD agents, challenging previous reports.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eduardo Pauls
- Joint IRB-BSC-CRG Programme in Computational Biology, Institute for Research in Biomedicine (IRB Barcelona), The Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology, Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain
| | - Sergi Bayod
- Joint IRB-BSC-CRG Programme in Computational Biology, Institute for Research in Biomedicine (IRB Barcelona), The Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology, Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain
| | - Lídia Mateo
- Joint IRB-BSC-CRG Programme in Computational Biology, Institute for Research in Biomedicine (IRB Barcelona), The Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology, Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain
| | - Víctor Alcalde
- Joint IRB-BSC-CRG Programme in Computational Biology, Institute for Research in Biomedicine (IRB Barcelona), The Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology, Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain
| | - Teresa Juan-Blanco
- Joint IRB-BSC-CRG Programme in Computational Biology, Institute for Research in Biomedicine (IRB Barcelona), The Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology, Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain
| | - Marta Sánchez-Soto
- Joint IRB-BSC-CRG Programme in Computational Biology, Institute for Research in Biomedicine (IRB Barcelona), The Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology, Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain
| | - Takaomi C Saido
- Laboratory for Proteolytic Neuroscience, RIKEN Center for Brain Science, Wako, Saitama, 351-0198, Japan
| | - Takashi Saito
- Department of Neurocognitive Science, Institute of Brain Science, Nagoya City University Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Antoni Berrenguer-Llergo
- Biostatistics and Bioinformatics Unit, Institute for Research in Biomedicine (IRB Barcelona), The Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology, Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain
| | - Camille Stephan-Otto Attolini
- Biostatistics and Bioinformatics Unit, Institute for Research in Biomedicine (IRB Barcelona), The Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology, Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain
| | - Marina Gay
- Proteomics Unit, Institute for Research in Biomedicine (IRB Barcelona), The Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology, Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain
| | | | - Miquel Duran-Frigola
- Joint IRB-BSC-CRG Programme in Computational Biology, Institute for Research in Biomedicine (IRB Barcelona), The Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology, Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain
| | - Patrick Aloy
- Joint IRB-BSC-CRG Programme in Computational Biology, Institute for Research in Biomedicine (IRB Barcelona), The Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology, Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain.
- Institució Catalana de Recerca i Estudis Avançats (ICREA), Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain.
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7
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Domínguez F, Lalaguna L, López-Olañeta M, Villalba-Orero M, Padrón-Barthe L, Román M, Bello-Arroyo E, Briceño A, Gonzalez-Lopez E, Segovia-Cubero J, García-Pavía P, Lara-Pezzi E. Early Preventive Treatment With Enalapril Improves Cardiac Function and Delays Mortality in Mice With Arrhythmogenic Right Ventricular Cardiomyopathy Type 5. Circ Heart Fail 2021; 14:e007616. [PMID: 34412508 DOI: 10.1161/circheartfailure.120.007616] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Arrhythmogenic right ventricular cardiomyopathy type 5 (ARVC5) is an inherited cardiac disease with complete penetrance and an aggressive clinical course caused by mutations in TMEM43 (transmembrane protein 43). There is no cure for ARVC5 and palliative treatment is started once the phenotype is present. A transgenic mouse model of ARVC5 expressing human TMEM43-S358L (TMEM43mut) recapitulates the human disease, enabling the exploration of preventive treatments. The aim of this study is to determine whether preventive treatment with heart failure drugs (β-blockers, ACE [angiotensin-converting enzyme] inhibitors, mineralocorticoid-receptor antagonists) improves the disease course of ARVC5 in TMEM43mut mice. METHODS TMEM43mut male/female mice were treated with metoprolol (β-blockers), enalapril (ACE inhibitor), spironolactone (mineralocorticoid-receptor antagonist), ACE inhibitor + mineralocorticoid-receptor antagonist, ACE inhibitor + mineralocorticoid-receptor antagonist + β-blockers or left untreated. Drugs were initiated at 3 weeks of age, before ARVC5 phenotype, and serial ECG and echocardiograms were performed. RESULTS TMEM43mut mice treated with enalapril showed a significantly increased median survival compared with untreated mice (26 versus 21 weeks; P=0.003). Enalapril-treated mice also exhibited increased left ventricular ejection fraction at 4 months compared with controls (37.0% versus 24.9%; P=0.004), shorter QRS duration and reduced left ventricle fibrosis. Combined regimens including enalapril also showed positive effects. Metoprolol decreased QRS voltage prematurely and resulted in a nonsignificant decrease in left ventricular ejection fraction compared with untreated TMEM43mut mice. CONCLUSIONS Preventive enalapril-based regimens reduced fibrosis, improved ECG, echocardiographic parameters and survival of ARVC5 mice. Early metoprolol did not show positive effects and caused premature ECG abnormalities. Our findings pave the way to consider prophylactic enalapril in asymptomatic ARVC5 genetic carriers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fernando Domínguez
- Centro Nacional de Investigaciones Cardiovasculares (CNIC), Madrid, Spain (F.D., L.L., M.L.-O., M.V.-O., L.P.-B., M.R., E.B.-A., E.L.-P.).,Heart Failure and Inherited Cardiac Diseases Unit, Department of Cardiology, Hospital Universitario Puerta de Hierro Majadahonda, Madrid, Spain (F.D., A.B., E.G.-L., J.S.-C., P.G.-P.).,CIBER Cardiovascular Diseases (CIBERCV), Madrid, Spain (F.D., E.G.-L., J.S.-C., P.G.-P., E.L.-P.)
| | - Laura Lalaguna
- Centro Nacional de Investigaciones Cardiovasculares (CNIC), Madrid, Spain (F.D., L.L., M.L.-O., M.V.-O., L.P.-B., M.R., E.B.-A., E.L.-P.)
| | - Marina López-Olañeta
- Centro Nacional de Investigaciones Cardiovasculares (CNIC), Madrid, Spain (F.D., L.L., M.L.-O., M.V.-O., L.P.-B., M.R., E.B.-A., E.L.-P.)
| | - María Villalba-Orero
- Centro Nacional de Investigaciones Cardiovasculares (CNIC), Madrid, Spain (F.D., L.L., M.L.-O., M.V.-O., L.P.-B., M.R., E.B.-A., E.L.-P.)
| | - Laura Padrón-Barthe
- Centro Nacional de Investigaciones Cardiovasculares (CNIC), Madrid, Spain (F.D., L.L., M.L.-O., M.V.-O., L.P.-B., M.R., E.B.-A., E.L.-P.)
| | - Marta Román
- Centro Nacional de Investigaciones Cardiovasculares (CNIC), Madrid, Spain (F.D., L.L., M.L.-O., M.V.-O., L.P.-B., M.R., E.B.-A., E.L.-P.)
| | - Elísabet Bello-Arroyo
- Centro Nacional de Investigaciones Cardiovasculares (CNIC), Madrid, Spain (F.D., L.L., M.L.-O., M.V.-O., L.P.-B., M.R., E.B.-A., E.L.-P.)
| | - Ana Briceño
- Heart Failure and Inherited Cardiac Diseases Unit, Department of Cardiology, Hospital Universitario Puerta de Hierro Majadahonda, Madrid, Spain (F.D., A.B., E.G.-L., J.S.-C., P.G.-P.)
| | - Esther Gonzalez-Lopez
- Heart Failure and Inherited Cardiac Diseases Unit, Department of Cardiology, Hospital Universitario Puerta de Hierro Majadahonda, Madrid, Spain (F.D., A.B., E.G.-L., J.S.-C., P.G.-P.).,CIBER Cardiovascular Diseases (CIBERCV), Madrid, Spain (F.D., E.G.-L., J.S.-C., P.G.-P., E.L.-P.)
| | - Javier Segovia-Cubero
- Heart Failure and Inherited Cardiac Diseases Unit, Department of Cardiology, Hospital Universitario Puerta de Hierro Majadahonda, Madrid, Spain (F.D., A.B., E.G.-L., J.S.-C., P.G.-P.).,CIBER Cardiovascular Diseases (CIBERCV), Madrid, Spain (F.D., E.G.-L., J.S.-C., P.G.-P., E.L.-P.)
| | - Pablo García-Pavía
- Heart Failure and Inherited Cardiac Diseases Unit, Department of Cardiology, Hospital Universitario Puerta de Hierro Majadahonda, Madrid, Spain (F.D., A.B., E.G.-L., J.S.-C., P.G.-P.).,CIBER Cardiovascular Diseases (CIBERCV), Madrid, Spain (F.D., E.G.-L., J.S.-C., P.G.-P., E.L.-P.).,Francisco de Vitoria University, Madrid, Spain (P.G.-P.)
| | - Enrique Lara-Pezzi
- Centro Nacional de Investigaciones Cardiovasculares (CNIC), Madrid, Spain (F.D., L.L., M.L.-O., M.V.-O., L.P.-B., M.R., E.B.-A., E.L.-P.).,CIBER Cardiovascular Diseases (CIBERCV), Madrid, Spain (F.D., E.G.-L., J.S.-C., P.G.-P., E.L.-P.)
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8
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Kakaraparthi A, Godwin Potnuri A, Allakonda L. Beta 1 adrenoceptor blockade promotes angiogenesis in hypertrophied myocardium of transverse aortic constricted mice. Clin Exp Pharmacol Physiol 2021; 48:121-128. [PMID: 32750731 DOI: 10.1111/1440-1681.13389] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/22/2020] [Revised: 07/09/2020] [Accepted: 07/27/2020] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Abstract
Left ventricular hypertrophy (LVH) is an adaptive structural remodelling consequent to uncontrolled blood pressure. Impaired angiogenesis plays a vital role in transiting LVH into cardiac failure. Catecholamines modulate myocardial function through beta adrenoceptors, and their blockers (β-AR) reduce cardiovascular morbidity and mortality by decelerating the LVH progression. Nonetheless, the effect of β-AR blockers on myocardial vascular bed remains largely obscure. Hence, this study is focussed on analysing the possible outcomes of β-AR blockers on myocardial vascular remodelling using a surgically induced LVH mice model. Transverse aortic constricted mice and sham-operated mice were administered with metoprolol at a dose of 30 mg/kg/d for 60 days and myocardial vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) alpha levels, GSH/GSSG ratio, myocardial protein carbonyl content, hypertrophy index and global myocardial function, trans-aortic fluid dynamics and expression pattern of angiopoietin-1 and VEGF alpha were assessed. These findings were further confirmed by histochemical analysis for myocardial capillary density, perivascular fibrosis ratio and intimal thickening. Sub- chronic β-AR blockade reduced the oxidative stress, hypertrophic index, intimal thickening and perivascular fibrosis ratio. A marked increase in myocardial VEGF, angiopoietin 1, global myocardial function and myocardial capillary density was also observed. There was a reduction in the LVH and upregulation of myocardial angiogenesis concluding that β-AR blockers prevent adverse vascular remodelling which might underlie its concealed mechanism of action.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ajith Kakaraparthi
- Department of Pharmacology, Malla Reddy College of Pharmacy, Dhoolapally, Hyderabad, Telangana, India
| | - Ajay Godwin Potnuri
- Department of Animal Physiology and Pharmacology, ICMR-National Animal Resource Facility for Biomedical Research, Genome Valley, Shamirpet, Hyderabad, Telangana, India
| | - Lingesh Allakonda
- Department of Pharmacology, G. Pulla Reddy College of Pharmacy, Mehadipatnam, Hyderabad, Telangana, India
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9
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Tanner MA, Thomas TP, Maitz CA, Grisanti LA. β2-Adrenergic Receptors Increase Cardiac Fibroblast Proliferation Through the Gαs/ERK1/2-Dependent Secretion of Interleukin-6. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:ijms21228507. [PMID: 33198112 PMCID: PMC7697911 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21228507] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2020] [Revised: 11/04/2020] [Accepted: 11/10/2020] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Fibroblasts are an important resident cell population in the heart involved in maintaining homeostasis and structure during normal conditions. They are also crucial in disease states for sensing signals and initiating the appropriate repair responses to maintain the structural integrity of the heart. This sentinel role of cardiac fibroblasts occurs, in part, through their ability to secrete cytokines. β-adrenergic receptors (βAR) are also critical regulators of cardiac function in the normal and diseased state and a major therapeutic target clinically. βAR are known to influence cytokine secretion in various cell types and they have been shown to be involved in cytokine production in the heart, but their role in regulating cytokine production in cardiac fibroblasts is not well understood. Thus, we hypothesized that βAR activation on cardiac fibroblasts modulates cytokine production to influence fibroblast function. Using primary fibroblast cultures from neonatal rats and adult mice, increased interleukin (IL)-6 expression and secretion occurred following β2AR activation. The use of pharmacological inhibitors and genetic manipulations showed that IL-6 elevations occurred through the Gαs-mediated activation of ERK1/2 and resulted in increased fibroblast proliferation. In vivo, a lack of β2AR resulted in increased infarct size following myocardial infarction and impaired wound closure in a murine dermal wound healing assay. These findings identify an important role for β2AR in regulating fibroblast proliferation through Gαs/ERK1/2-dependent alterations in IL-6 and may lead to the development of improved heart failure therapies through targeting fibrotic function of β2AR.
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Affiliation(s)
- Miles A. Tanner
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO 65211, USA; (M.A.T.); (T.P.T.)
| | - Toby P. Thomas
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO 65211, USA; (M.A.T.); (T.P.T.)
| | - Charles A. Maitz
- Department of Veterinary Medicine and Surgery, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO 65211, USA;
| | - Laurel A. Grisanti
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO 65211, USA; (M.A.T.); (T.P.T.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +573-884-8852
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10
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Liu L, Zhao M, Yu X, Zang W. Pharmacological Modulation of Vagal Nerve Activity in Cardiovascular Diseases. Neurosci Bull 2019; 35:156-166. [PMID: 30218283 PMCID: PMC6357265 DOI: 10.1007/s12264-018-0286-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/12/2018] [Accepted: 06/13/2018] [Indexed: 01/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Cardiovascular diseases are life-threatening illnesses with high morbidity and mortality. Suppressed vagal (parasympathetic) activity and increased sympathetic activity are involved in these diseases. Currently, pharmacological interventions primarily aim to inhibit over-excitation of sympathetic nerves, while vagal modulation has been largely neglected. Many studies have demonstrated that increased vagal activity reduces cardiovascular risk factors in both animal models and human patients. Therefore, the improvement of vagal activity may be an alternate approach for the treatment of cardiovascular diseases. However, drugs used for vagus nerve activation in cardiovascular diseases are limited in the clinic. In this review, we provide an overview of the potential drug targets for modulating vagal nerve activation, including muscarinic, and β-adrenergic receptors. In addition, vagomimetic drugs (such as choline, acetylcholine, and pyridostigmine) and the mechanism underlying their cardiovascular protective effects are also discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Longzhu Liu
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Xi'an Jiaotong University Health Science Center, Xi'an, 710061, China
| | - Ming Zhao
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Xi'an Jiaotong University Health Science Center, Xi'an, 710061, China
| | - Xiaojiang Yu
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Xi'an Jiaotong University Health Science Center, Xi'an, 710061, China
| | - Weijin Zang
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Xi'an Jiaotong University Health Science Center, Xi'an, 710061, China.
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Alves ML, Warren CM, Simon JN, Gaffin RD, Montminy EM, Wieczorek DF, Solaro RJ, Wolska BM. Early sensitization of myofilaments to Ca2+ prevents genetically linked dilated cardiomyopathy in mice. Cardiovasc Res 2018; 113:915-925. [PMID: 28379313 DOI: 10.1093/cvr/cvx068] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2016] [Accepted: 03/31/2017] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Dilated cardiomoypathies (DCM) are a heterogeneous group of inherited and acquired diseases characterized by decreased contractility and enlargement of cardiac chambers and a major cause of morbidity and mortality. Mice with Glu54Lys mutation in α-tropomyosin (Tm54) demonstrate typical DCM phenotype with reduced myofilament Ca2+ sensitivity. We tested the hypothesis that early sensitization of the myofilaments to Ca2+ in DCM can prevent the DCM phenotype. Methods and results To sensitize Tm54 myofilaments, we used a genetic approach and crossbred Tm54 mice with mice expressing slow skeletal troponin I (ssTnI) that sensitizes myofilaments to Ca2+. Four groups of mice were used: non-transgenic (NTG), Tm54, ssTnI and Tm54/ssTnI (DTG). Systolic function was significantly reduced in the Tm54 mice compared to NTG, but restored in DTG mice. Tm54 mice also showed increased diastolic LV dimensions and HW/BW ratios, when compared to NTG, which were improved in the DTG group. β-myosin heavy chain expression was increased in the Tm54 animals compared to NTG and was partially restored in DTG group. Analysis by 2D-DIGE indicated a significant decrease in two phosphorylated spots of cardiac troponin I (cTnI) in the DTG animals compared to NTG and Tm54. Analysis by 2D-DIGE also indicated no significant changes in troponin T, regulatory light chain, myosin binding protein C and tropomyosin phosphorylation. Conclusion Our data indicate that decreased myofilament Ca2+ sensitivity is an essential element in the pathophysiology of thin filament linked DCM. Sensitization of myofilaments to Ca2+ in the early stage of DCM may be a useful therapeutic strategy in thin filament linked DCM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marco L Alves
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics, Center for Cardiovascular Research, University of Illinois, 835 S Wolcott Ave. (M/C 901), Chicago, IL 60612, USA.,Center for Research in Echocardiography and Cardiology, Heart Institute, University of Sao Paulo, Avenida Dr. Eneas de Carvalho Aguiar 44, 05403-900, Sao Paulo, Brazil
| | - Chad M Warren
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics, Center for Cardiovascular Research, University of Illinois, 835 S Wolcott Ave. (M/C 901), Chicago, IL 60612, USA
| | - Jillian N Simon
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics, Center for Cardiovascular Research, University of Illinois, 835 S Wolcott Ave. (M/C 901), Chicago, IL 60612, USA
| | - Robert D Gaffin
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics, Center for Cardiovascular Research, University of Illinois, 835 S Wolcott Ave. (M/C 901), Chicago, IL 60612, USA
| | - Eric M Montminy
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics, Center for Cardiovascular Research, University of Illinois, 835 S Wolcott Ave. (M/C 901), Chicago, IL 60612, USA
| | - David F Wieczorek
- Department of Molecular Genetics, Biochemistry and Microbiology, University of Cincinnati, College of Medicine, 231 Albert Sabin Way, Cincinnati, OH 45267, USA
| | - R John Solaro
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics, Center for Cardiovascular Research, University of Illinois, 835 S Wolcott Ave. (M/C 901), Chicago, IL 60612, USA
| | - Beata M Wolska
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics, Center for Cardiovascular Research, University of Illinois, 835 S Wolcott Ave. (M/C 901), Chicago, IL 60612, USA.,Department of Medicine, Division of Cardiology, University of Illinois, 840 S Wood St. (M/C 715), Chicago, IL 60612, USA
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12
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Zhan DY, Du CK, Akiyama T, Morimoto S, Shimizu S, Kawada T, Shirai M, Pearson JT. Cardiac vagal control in a knock-in mouse model of dilated cardiomyopathy with a troponin mutation. Auton Neurosci 2017; 205:33-40. [PMID: 28344023 DOI: 10.1016/j.autneu.2017.03.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/08/2016] [Revised: 02/02/2017] [Accepted: 03/10/2017] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
The aim of this study was to evaluate cardiac vagal nerve activity and identify the abnormality of cardiac vagal control in heart failure caused by dilated cardiomyopathy (DCM) using a knock-in mouse model with a ΔK210 mutation in the cardiac troponin T gene. The effects of electrical stimulation of the cervical vagal nerve at 5 and 10Hz (peripheral vagal control) and α2-adrennoceptor stimulation by intravenous medetomidine at 0.1mg/kg (central vagal control) were examined in wild-type (WT) mice and DCM mice. Microdialysis technique was applied to the left ventricular myocardium of anesthetized mice and myocardial interstitial acetylcholine (ACh) levels were measured by HPLC as an index of ACh release from cardiac vagal nerve endings. Electrical vagal nerve stimulation increased cardiac interval and myocardial interstitial ACh level in both WT and DCM mice, and these responses did not differ between WT and DCM mice. In contrast, intravenous medetomidine increased cardiac interval and myocardial interstitial ACh level in both WT and DCM mice, but the responses of cardiac interval and myocardial interstitial ACh level were significantly suppressed in DCM mice compared to WT mice. Medetomidine did not affect the myocardial interstitial ACh response induced by vagal nerve stimulation in WT mice. In this mouse model of DCM, peripheral vagal control including ACh release from vagal nerve endings and the postsynaptic response of pacemaker cells was preserved, but central vagal control through α2-adrenoceptors was impaired.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dong-Yun Zhan
- Department of Cardiac Physiology, National Cerebral and Cardiovascular Center Research Institute, Osaka, Japan.
| | - Cheng-Kun Du
- Department of Cardiac Physiology, National Cerebral and Cardiovascular Center Research Institute, Osaka, Japan
| | - Tsuyoshi Akiyama
- Department of Cardiac Physiology, National Cerebral and Cardiovascular Center Research Institute, Osaka, Japan
| | - Sachio Morimoto
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Shuji Shimizu
- Department of Cardiovascular Dynamics, National Cerebral and Cardiovascular Center Research Institute, Osaka, Japan
| | - Toru Kawada
- Department of Cardiovascular Dynamics, National Cerebral and Cardiovascular Center Research Institute, Osaka, Japan
| | - Mikiyasu Shirai
- Department of Cardiac Physiology, National Cerebral and Cardiovascular Center Research Institute, Osaka, Japan
| | - James T Pearson
- Department of Cardiac Physiology, National Cerebral and Cardiovascular Center Research Institute, Osaka, Japan
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13
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Nonaka M, Morimoto S, Murayama T, Kurebayashi N, Li L, Wang YY, Arioka M, Yoshihara T, Takahashi-Yanaga F, Sasaguri T. Stage-dependent benefits and risks of pimobendan in mice with genetic dilated cardiomyopathy and progressive heart failure. Br J Pharmacol 2015; 172:2369-82. [PMID: 25560565 DOI: 10.1111/bph.13062] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/25/2014] [Revised: 12/16/2014] [Accepted: 12/18/2014] [Indexed: 01/13/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE The Ca(2+) sensitizer pimobendan is a unique inotropic agent that improves cardiac contractility with less of an increase in oxygen consumption and potentially fewer adverse effects on myocardial remodelling and arrhythmia, compared with traditional inotropes. However, clinical trials report contradictory effects of pimobendan in patients with heart failure (HF). We provide mechanistic experimental evidence of the efficacy of pimobendan using a novel mouse model of progressive HF. EXPERIMENTAL APPROACH A knock-in mouse model of human genetic dilated cardiomyopathy, which shows a clear transition from compensatory to end-stage HF at a fixed time during growth, was used to evaluate the efficacy of pimobendan and explore the underlying molecular and cellular mechanisms. KEY RESULTS Pimobendan prevented myocardial remodelling in compensated HF and significantly extended life span in both compensated and end-stage HF, but dose-dependently increased sudden death in end-stage HF. In cardiomyocytes isolated from end-stage HF mice, pimobendan induced triggered activity probably because of early or delayed afterdepolarizations. The L-type Ca(2+) channel blocker verapamil decreased the incidence of triggered activity, suggesting that this was from over-elevated cytoplasmic Ca(2+) through increased Ca(2+) entry by PDE3 inhibition under diminished sarcoplasmic reticulum Ca(2+) reuptake and increased Ca(2+) leakage from sarcoplasmic reticulum in end-stage HF. CONCLUSIONS AND IMPLICATIONS Pimobendan was beneficial regardless of HF stage, but increased sudden cardiac death in end-stage HF with extensive remodelling of Ca(2+) handling. Reduction of cytoplasmic Ca(2+) elevated by PDE3 inhibition might decrease this risk of sudden cardiac death.
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Affiliation(s)
- Miki Nonaka
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan
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14
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Du CK, Zhan DY, Morimoto S, Akiyama T, Schwenke DO, Hosoda H, Kangawa K, Shirai M. Survival benefit of ghrelin in the heart failure due to dilated cardiomyopathy. Pharmacol Res Perspect 2014; 2:e00064. [PMID: 25505608 PMCID: PMC4186424 DOI: 10.1002/prp2.64] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/17/2014] [Accepted: 06/23/2014] [Indexed: 11/07/2022] Open
Abstract
Although ghrelin has been demonstrated to improve cardiac function in heart failure, its therapeutic efficacy on the life expectancy remains unknown. We aim to examine whether ghrelin can improve the life survival in heart failure using a mouse model of inherited dilated cardiomyopathy (DCM) caused by a deletion mutation ΔK210 in cardiac troponin T (cTnT). From 30 days of age, ghrelin (150 μg/kg) was administered subcutaneously to DCM mice once daily, control mice received saline only. The survival rates were compared between the two groups for 30 days. After 30-day treatment, functional and morphological measurements were conducted. Ghrelin-treated DCM mice had significantly prolonged life spans compared with saline-treated control DCM mice. Echocardiography showed that ghrelin reduced left ventricular (LV) end-diastolic dimensions and increased LV ejection fraction. Moreover, histoanatomical data revealed that ghrelin decreased the heart-to-body weight ratio, prevented cardiac remodeling and fibrosis, and markedly decreased the expression of brain natriuretic peptide. Telemetry recording and heart rate variability analysis showed that ghrelin suppressed the excessive cardiac sympathetic nerve activity (CSNA) and recovered the cardiac parasympathetic nerve activity. These results suggest that ghrelin has therapeutic benefits for survival as well as for the cardiac function and remodeling in heart failure probably through suppression of CSNA and recovery of cardiac parasympathetic nerve activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cheng-Kun Du
- Department of Cardiac Physiology, National Cerebral and Cardiovascular Center Research Institute Osaka, Japan
| | - Dong-Yun Zhan
- Department of Cardiac Physiology, National Cerebral and Cardiovascular Center Research Institute Osaka, Japan
| | - Sachio Morimoto
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Tsuyoshi Akiyama
- Department of Cardiac Physiology, National Cerebral and Cardiovascular Center Research Institute Osaka, Japan
| | - Daryl O Schwenke
- Department of Physiology, University of Otago Otago, New Zealand
| | - Hiroshi Hosoda
- Department of Regenerative Medicine and Tissue Engineering, National Cerebral and Cardiovascular Center Research Institute Osaka, Japan
| | - Kenji Kangawa
- Department of Biochemistry, National Cerebral and Cardiovascular Center Research Institute Osaka, Japan
| | - Mikiyasu Shirai
- Department of Cardiac Physiology, National Cerebral and Cardiovascular Center Research Institute Osaka, Japan
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Sugihara M, Odagiri F, Suzuki T, Murayama T, Nakazato Y, Unuma K, Yoshida KI, Daida H, Sakurai T, Morimoto S, Kurebayashi N. Usefulness of running wheel for detection of congestive heart failure in dilated cardiomyopathy mouse model. PLoS One 2013; 8:e55514. [PMID: 23383212 PMCID: PMC3561288 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0055514] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2012] [Accepted: 01/02/2013] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Inherited dilated cardiomyopathy (DCM) is a progressive disease that often results in death from congestive heart failure (CHF) or sudden cardiac death (SCD). Mouse models with human DCM mutation are useful to investigate the developmental mechanisms of CHF and SCD, but knowledge of the severity of CHF in live mice is necessary. We aimed to diagnose CHF in live DCM model mice by measuring voluntary exercise using a running wheel and to determine causes of death in these mice. Methodology/Principal Findings A knock-in mouse with a mutation in cardiac troponin T (ΔK210) (DCM mouse), which results in frequent death with a t1/2 of 70 to 90 days, was used as a DCM model. Until 2 months of age, average wheel-running activity was similar between wild-type and DCM mice (approximately 7 km/day). At approximately 3 months, some DCM mice demonstrated low running activity (LO: <1 km/day) while others maintained high running activity (HI: >5 km/day). In the LO group, the lung weight/body weight ratio was much higher than that in the other groups, and the lungs were infiltrated with hemosiderin-loaded alveolar macrophages. Furthermore, echocardiography showed more severe ventricular dilation and a lower ejection fraction, whereas Electrocardiography (ECG) revealed QRS widening. There were two patterns in the time courses of running activity before death in DCM mice: deaths with maintained activity and deaths with decreased activity. Conclusions/Significance Our results indicate that DCM mice with low running activity developed severe CHF and that running wheels are useful for detection of CHF in mouse models. We found that approximately half of ΔK210 DCM mice die suddenly before onset of CHF, whereas others develop CHF, deteriorate within 10 to 20 days, and die.
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Affiliation(s)
- Masami Sugihara
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Pharmacology, Juntendo University Graduate School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Juntendo University Graduate School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Fuminori Odagiri
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Pharmacology, Juntendo University Graduate School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Juntendo University Graduate School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Takeshi Suzuki
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Pharmacology, Juntendo University Graduate School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Juntendo University Graduate School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Takashi Murayama
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Pharmacology, Juntendo University Graduate School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Yuji Nakazato
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Juntendo University Graduate School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Kana Unuma
- Section of Forensic Medicine, Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, Tokyo, Japan
- Department of Forensic Medicine, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Ken-ichi Yoshida
- Department of Forensic Medicine, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Hiroyuki Daida
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Juntendo University Graduate School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Takashi Sakurai
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Pharmacology, Juntendo University Graduate School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Sachio Morimoto
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Nagomi Kurebayashi
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Pharmacology, Juntendo University Graduate School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
- * E-mail:
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16
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Khan M, Mohsin S, Avitabile D, Siddiqi S, Nguyen J, Wallach K, Quijada P, McGregor M, Gude N, Alvarez R, Tilley DG, Koch WJ, Sussman MA. β-Adrenergic regulation of cardiac progenitor cell death versus survival and proliferation. Circ Res 2012; 112:476-86. [PMID: 23243208 DOI: 10.1161/circresaha.112.280735] [Citation(s) in RCA: 54] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
RATIONALE Short-term β-adrenergic stimulation promotes contractility in response to stress but is ultimately detrimental in the failing heart because of accrual of cardiomyocyte death. Endogenous cardiac progenitor cell (CPC) activation may partially offset cardiomyocyte losses, but consequences of long-term β-adrenergic drive on CPC survival and proliferation are unknown. OBJECTIVE We sought to determine the relationship between β-adrenergic activity and regulation of CPC function. METHODS AND RESULTS Mouse and human CPCs express only β2 adrenergic receptor (β2-AR) in conjunction with stem cell marker c-kit. Activation of β2-AR signaling promotes proliferation associated with increased AKT, extracellular signal-regulated kinase 1/2, and endothelial NO synthase phosphorylation, upregulation of cyclin D1, and decreased levels of G protein-coupled receptor kinase 2. Conversely, silencing of β2-AR expression or treatment with β2-antagonist ICI 118, 551 impairs CPC proliferation and survival. β1-AR expression in CPC is induced by differentiation stimuli, sensitizing CPC to isoproterenol-induced cell death that is abrogated by metoprolol. Efficacy of β1-AR blockade by metoprolol to increase CPC survival and proliferation was confirmed in vivo by adoptive transfer of CPC into failing mouse myocardium. CONCLUSIONS β-adrenergic stimulation promotes expansion and survival of CPCs through β2-AR, but acquisition of β1-AR on commitment to the myocyte lineage results in loss of CPCs and early myocyte precursors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohsin Khan
- San Diego Heart Research Institute, San Diego State University, San Diego, CA 92182, USA
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Total beta-adrenoceptor knockout slows conduction and reduces inducible arrhythmias in the mouse heart. PLoS One 2012; 7:e49203. [PMID: 23133676 PMCID: PMC3486811 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0049203] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2012] [Accepted: 10/05/2012] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Beta-adrenoceptors (β-AR) play an important role in the neurohumoral regulation of cardiac function. Three β-AR subtypes (β(1), β(2), β(3)) have been described so far. Total deficiency of these adrenoceptors (TKO) results in cardiac hypotrophy and negative inotropy. TKO represents a unique mouse model mimicking total unselective medical β-blocker therapy in men. Electrophysiological characteristics of TKO have not yet been investigated in an animal model. METHODS In vivo electrophysiological studies using right heart catheterisation were performed in 10 TKO mice and 10 129SV wild type control mice (WT) at the age of 15 weeks. Standard surface ECG, intracardiac and electrophysiological parameters, and arrhythmia inducibility were analyzed. RESULTS The surface ECG of TKO mice revealed a reduced heart rate (359.2±20.9 bpm vs. 461.1±33.3 bpm; p<0.001), prolonged P wave (17.5±3.0 ms vs. 15.1±1.2 ms; p = 0.019) and PQ time (40.8±2.4 ms vs. 37.3±3.0 ms; p = 0.013) compared to WT. Intracardiac ECG showed a significantly prolonged infra-Hisian conductance (HV-interval: 12.9±1.4 ms vs. 6.8±1.0 ms; p<0.001). Functional testing showed prolonged atrial and ventricular refractory periods in TKO (40.5±15.5 ms vs. 21.3±5.8 ms; p = 0.004; and 41.0±9.7 ms vs. 28.3±6.6 ms; p = 0.004, respectively). In TKO both the probability of induction of atrial fibrillation (12% vs. 24%; p<0.001) and of ventricular tachycardias (0% vs. 26%; p<0.001) were significantly reduced. CONCLUSION TKO results in significant prolongations of cardiac conduction times and refractory periods. This was accompanied by a highly significant reduction of atrial and ventricular arrhythmias. Our finding confirms the importance of β-AR in arrhythmogenesis and the potential role of unspecific beta-receptor-blockade as therapeutic target.
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Suzuki T, Shioya T, Murayama T, Sugihara M, Odagiri F, Nakazato Y, Nishizawa H, Chugun A, Sakurai T, Daida H, Morimoto S, Kurebayashi N. Multistep ion channel remodeling and lethal arrhythmia precede heart failure in a mouse model of inherited dilated cardiomyopathy. PLoS One 2012; 7:e35353. [PMID: 22514734 PMCID: PMC3325934 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0035353] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/28/2011] [Accepted: 03/14/2012] [Indexed: 01/06/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Patients with inherited dilated cardiomyopathy (DCM) frequently die with severe heart failure (HF) or die suddenly with arrhythmias, although these symptoms are not always observed at birth. It remains unclear how and when HF and arrhythmogenic changes develop in these DCM mutation carriers. In order to address this issue, properties of the myocardium and underlying gene expressions were studied using a knock-in mouse model of human inherited DCM caused by a deletion mutation ΔK210 in cardiac troponinT. METHODOLOGY/PRINCIPAL FINDINGS By 1 month, DCM mice had already enlarged hearts, but showed no symptoms of HF and a much lower mortality than at 2 months or later. At around 2 months, some would die suddenly with no clear symptoms of HF, whereas at 3 months, many of the survivors showed evident symptoms of HF. In isolated left ventricular myocardium (LV) from 2 month-mice, spontaneous activity frequently occurred and action potential duration (APD) was prolonged. Transient outward (I(to)) and ultrarapid delayed rectifier K(+) (I(Kur)) currents were significantly reduced in DCM myocytes. Correspondingly, down-regulation of Kv4.2, Kv1.5 and KChIP2 was evident in mRNA and protein levels. In LVs at 3-months, more frequent spontaneous activity, greater prolongation of APD and further down-regulation in above K(+) channels were observed. At 1 month, in contrast, infrequent spontaneous activity and down-regulation of Kv4.2, but not Kv1.5 or KChIP2, were observed. CONCLUSIONS/SIGNIFICANCE Our results suggest that at least three steps of electrical remodeling occur in the hearts of DCM model mice, and that the combined down-regulation of Kv4.2, Kv1.5 and KChIP2 prior to the onset of HF may play an important role in the premature sudden death in this DCM model. DCM mice at 1 month or before, on the contrary, are associated with low risk of death in spite of inborn disorder and enlarged heart.
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Affiliation(s)
- Takeshi Suzuki
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Pharmacology, Juntendo University Graduate School of Medicine, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, Japan
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Juntendo University Graduate School of Medicine, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Takao Shioya
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Saga University, Saga, Japan
| | - Takashi Murayama
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Pharmacology, Juntendo University Graduate School of Medicine, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Masami Sugihara
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Pharmacology, Juntendo University Graduate School of Medicine, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, Japan
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Juntendo University Graduate School of Medicine, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Fuminori Odagiri
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Pharmacology, Juntendo University Graduate School of Medicine, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, Japan
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Juntendo University Graduate School of Medicine, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Yuji Nakazato
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Juntendo University Graduate School of Medicine, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Hiroto Nishizawa
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Pharmacology, Juntendo University Graduate School of Medicine, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, Japan
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Juntendo University Graduate School of Medicine, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Akihito Chugun
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Pharmacology, Juntendo University Graduate School of Medicine, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Takashi Sakurai
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Pharmacology, Juntendo University Graduate School of Medicine, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Hiroyuki Daida
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Juntendo University Graduate School of Medicine, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Sachio Morimoto
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Nagomi Kurebayashi
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Pharmacology, Juntendo University Graduate School of Medicine, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, Japan
- * E-mail:
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19
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Fechner H, Pinkert S, Geisler A, Poller W, Kurreck J. Pharmacological and biological antiviral therapeutics for cardiac coxsackievirus infections. Molecules 2011; 16:8475-503. [PMID: 21989310 PMCID: PMC6264230 DOI: 10.3390/molecules16108475] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/25/2011] [Revised: 09/29/2011] [Accepted: 09/30/2011] [Indexed: 01/16/2023] Open
Abstract
Subtype B coxsackieviruses (CVB) represent the most commonly identified infectious agents associated with acute and chronic myocarditis, with CVB3 being the most common variant. Damage to the heart is induced both directly by virally mediated cell destruction and indirectly due to the immune and autoimmune processes reacting to virus infection. This review addresses antiviral therapeutics for cardiac coxsackievirus infections discovered over the last 25 years. One group represents pharmacologically active low molecular weight substances that inhibit virus uptake by binding to the virus capsid (e.g., pleconaril) or inactivate viral proteins (e.g., NO-metoprolol and ribavirin) or inhibit cellular proteins which are essential for viral replication (e.g., ubiquitination inhibitors). A second important group of substances are interferons. They have antiviral but also immunomodulating activities. The third and most recently discovered group includes biological and cellular therapeutics. Soluble receptor analogues (e.g., sCAR-Fc) bind to the virus capsid and block virus uptake. Small interfering RNAs, short hairpin RNAs and antisense oligonucleotides bind to and led to degradation of the viral RNA genome or cellular RNAs, thereby preventing their translation and viral replication. Most recently mesenchymal stem cell transplantation has been shown to possess antiviral activity in CVB3 infections. Taken together, a number of antiviral therapeutics has been developed for the treatment of myocardial CVB infection in recent years. In addition to low molecular weight inhibitors, biological therapeutics have become promising anti-viral agents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Henry Fechner
- Department of Applied Biochemistry, Institute of Biotechnology, Technische Universität Berlin, Gustav-Meyer-Allee 25, 13355 Berlin, Germany; (S.P.); (J.K.)
- Author to whom correspondence should be addressed; ; Tel.: +49-30-31472181; Fax: +49-30-31427502
| | - Sandra Pinkert
- Department of Applied Biochemistry, Institute of Biotechnology, Technische Universität Berlin, Gustav-Meyer-Allee 25, 13355 Berlin, Germany; (S.P.); (J.K.)
| | - Anja Geisler
- Department of Cardiology & Pneumology, Charité – Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Campus Benjamin Franklin, Hindenburgdamm 30, 12200 Berlin, Germany; (A.G.); wolfgang.poller@charite (W.P.)
| | - Wolfgang Poller
- Department of Cardiology & Pneumology, Charité – Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Campus Benjamin Franklin, Hindenburgdamm 30, 12200 Berlin, Germany; (A.G.); wolfgang.poller@charite (W.P.)
| | - Jens Kurreck
- Department of Applied Biochemistry, Institute of Biotechnology, Technische Universität Berlin, Gustav-Meyer-Allee 25, 13355 Berlin, Germany; (S.P.); (J.K.)
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Glück B, Dahlke K, Zell R, Krumbholz A, Decker M, Lehmann J, Wutzler P. Cardioprotective effect of NO-metoprolol in murine coxsackievirus B3-induced myocarditis. J Med Virol 2011; 82:2043-52. [PMID: 20981792 DOI: 10.1002/jmv.21928] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
The effect of NO-metoprolol, that is, 3-nitrooxypivaloyl metoprolol-amide, a novel NO-releasing derivative of the β1-blocking drug metoprolol was investigated in A.CA/SnJ mice infected with coxsackievirus B3 (CVB3) and compared to metoprolol and placebo. Daily treatment of mice with the respective drug started immediately (experiment A) or 3 days after virus infection (experiment B) and was continued until day 13 post-infection (p.i.). Two doses of NO-metoprolol were administered. Body mass differences, viral load, and histopathological signs of myocarditis were compared between the several groups. As a result, NO-metoprolol diminished significantly the body weight loss, the viral load and the histopathology, whereas metoprolol treatment led solely to a significant attenuation of myocardial damage. In experiment A, low dose NO-metoprolol decreased significantly enteroviral copy numbers. Both doses of NO-metoprolol had a significant effect on reduction of myocardial infiltrates and fibrosis. The data suggest that delayed drug administration might more advantageous. Both doses of NO-metoprolol reduced significantly the scores of four tested parameters compared to placebo. Body weight loss, virus titers, plus-strand as well as minus-strand enteroviral RNA levels, infiltration and fibrosis scores were diminished significantly when NO-metoprolol was given 3 days p.i. In addition, a significant difference regarding the enteroviral copy numbers was observed between low dose NO-metoprolol- and metoprolol-treated mice. Treatment with metoprolol reduced insignificantly the viral load and body weight loss (experiment A and B) but led to a significant reduction of myocardial histopathology in experiment A. The results indicate that NO-metoprolol treatment has a greater therapeutic benefit than metoprolol.
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Affiliation(s)
- Brigitte Glück
- Department of Virology and Antiviral Therapy, Jena University Hospital, Jena, Germany.
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Wang YY, Morimoto S, Du CK, Lu QW, Zhan DY, Tsutsumi T, Ide T, Miwa Y, Takahashi-Yanaga F, Sasaguri T. Up-regulation of type 2 iodothyronine deiodinase in dilated cardiomyopathy. Cardiovasc Res 2010; 87:636-46. [PMID: 20453157 DOI: 10.1093/cvr/cvq133] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
AIMS Thyroid hormone (TH) has prominent effects on the heart, and hyperthyroidism is occasionally found to be a cause of dilated cardiomyopathy (DCM). We aim to explore the potential role of TH in the pathogenesis of DCM. METHODS AND RESULTS The pathophysiological role of TH in the heart was investigated using a knock-in mouse model of inherited DCM with a deletion mutation DeltaK210 in the cardiac troponin T gene. Serum tri-iodothyronine (T(3)) levels showed no significant difference between wild-type (WT) and DCM mice, whereas cardiac T(3) levels in DCM mice were significantly higher than those in WT mice. Type 2 iodothyronine deiodinase (Dio2), which produces T(3) from thyroxin, was up-regulated in the DCM mice hearts. The cAMP levels were increased in DCM mice hearts, suggesting that transcriptional up-regulation of Dio2 gene is mediated through the evolutionarily conserved cAMP-response element site in its promoter. Propylthiouracil (PTU), an anti-thyroid drug, prevented the hypertrophic remodelling of the heart in DCM mice and improved their cardiac function and life expectancy. Akt and p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase (p38 MAPK) phosphorylation increased in the DCM mice hearts and PTU treatment significantly reduced the phosphorylation levels, strongly suggesting that Dio2 up-regulation is involved in cardiac remodelling in DCM through activating the TH-signalling pathways involving Akt and p38 MAPK. Dio2 gene expression was also markedly up-regulated in the mice hearts developing similar eccentric hypertrophy after myocardial infarction. CONCLUSION Local hyperthyroidism via transcriptional up-regulation of the Dio2 gene may be an important underlying mechanism for the hypertrophic cardiac remodelling in DCM.
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MESH Headings
- Animals
- Antithyroid Agents/pharmacology
- Cardiomyopathy, Dilated/drug therapy
- Cardiomyopathy, Dilated/enzymology
- Cardiomyopathy, Dilated/genetics
- Cardiomyopathy, Dilated/physiopathology
- Cells, Cultured
- Cyclic AMP/metabolism
- Disease Models, Animal
- Female
- Gene Expression Profiling
- Gene Expression Regulation, Enzymologic
- Iodide Peroxidase/genetics
- Iodide Peroxidase/metabolism
- Male
- Mice
- Mice, Inbred C57BL
- Mice, Transgenic
- Mutation
- Myocardium/enzymology
- Oligonucleotide Array Sequence Analysis
- Phosphorylation
- Propylthiouracil/pharmacology
- Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-akt/metabolism
- Transcription, Genetic
- Triiodothyronine/metabolism
- Troponin T/genetics
- Troponin T/metabolism
- Up-Regulation
- Ventricular Remodeling/drug effects
- p38 Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinases/metabolism
- Iodothyronine Deiodinase Type II
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuan-Yuan Wang
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, 3-1-1 Maidashi, Higashi-ku, Fukuoka 812-8582, Japan
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Aguilar-Torres R. Found in translation: metoprolol improves survival more than carvedilol in a mouse model of inherited dilated cardiomyopathy. Cardiovasc Res 2009; 84:7-8. [DOI: 10.1093/cvr/cvp269] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
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