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Liu K, Huang H, Xiong M, Wang Q, Chen X, Feng Y, Ma H, Chen W, Li X, Ye X. IL-33 Accelerates Chronic Atrophic Gastritis through AMPK-ULK1 Axis Mediated Autolysosomal Degradation of GKN1. Int J Biol Sci 2024; 20:2323-2338. [PMID: 38617533 PMCID: PMC11008276 DOI: 10.7150/ijbs.93573] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/25/2023] [Accepted: 03/26/2024] [Indexed: 04/16/2024] Open
Abstract
Chronic atrophic gastritis (CAG) is a complex disease characterized by atrophy and inflammation in gastric mucosal tissue, especially with high expression of interleukins. However, the interaction and mechanisms between interleukins and gastric mucosal epithelial cells in CAG remain largely elusive. Here, we elucidate that IL-33 stands out as the predominant inflammatory factor in CAG, and its expression is induced by H. pylori and MNNG through the ROS-STAT3 signaling pathway. Furthermore, our findings reveal that the IL-33/ST2 axis is intricately involved in the progression of CAG. Utilizing phosphoproteomics mass spectrometry, we demonstrate that IL-33 enhances autophagy in gastric epithelial cells through the phosphorylation of AMPK-ULK1 axis. Notably, inhibiting autophagy alleviates CAG severity, while augmentation of autophagy exacerbates the disease. Additionally, ROS scavenging emerges as a promising strategy to ameliorate CAG by reducing IL-33 expression and inhibiting autophagy. Intriguingly, IL-33 stimulation promotes GKN1 degradation through the autolysosomal pathway. Clinically, the combined measurement of IL-33 and GKN1 in serum shows potential as diagnostic markers. Our findings unveil an IL-33-AMPK-ULK1 regulatory mechanism governing GKN1 protein stability in CAG, presenting potential therapeutic targets for its treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kewei Liu
- Engineering Research Center of Coptis Development and Utilization (Ministry of Education), School of Life Sciences, Southwest University, Chongqing, 400715, China
| | - Hongxia Huang
- Daping Hospital, Army Medical University (Third Military Medical University), Chongqing 400042, China
| | - Mengyuan Xiong
- Engineering Research Center of Coptis Development and Utilization (Ministry of Education), School of Life Sciences, Southwest University, Chongqing, 400715, China
| | - Qiaojiao Wang
- Engineering Research Center of Coptis Development and Utilization (Ministry of Education), School of Life Sciences, Southwest University, Chongqing, 400715, China
| | - Xiantao Chen
- Engineering Research Center of Coptis Development and Utilization (Ministry of Education), School of Life Sciences, Southwest University, Chongqing, 400715, China
| | - Yinqiong Feng
- Department of Gastroenterology, Chongqing Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chongqing, 400000, China
| | - Hang Ma
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Chinese Medicine, Southwest University, Chongqing, 400038, China
| | - Wanqun Chen
- Department of Gastroenterology, Chongqing Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chongqing, 400000, China
| | - Xuegang Li
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Chinese Medicine, Southwest University, Chongqing, 400038, China
| | - Xiaoli Ye
- Engineering Research Center of Coptis Development and Utilization (Ministry of Education), School of Life Sciences, Southwest University, Chongqing, 400715, China
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Jafari A, Nazari E, Ghaderpoori M, Rashidipour M, Nazari A, Chehelcheraghi F, Kamarehie B, Rezaee R. Loaded paraquaton polymeric nanocapsules and evaluation for cardiotoxicity in Wistar rats. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL HEALTH RESEARCH 2024; 34:1284-1298. [PMID: 36800924 DOI: 10.1080/09603123.2023.2181317] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/02/2023] [Accepted: 02/13/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
Present work was conducted to prepare and evaluate, loaded paraquat nano-hydrogels using chitosan, sodium polytriphosphate, and xanthan via ionic gelification method. The fabricated L-PQ formulations were analyzed for surface morphology and functional groups using SEM and FTIR, respectively. The stability of the synthesized nanoparticle was, also, analyzed in terms of diameter size, zeta potential, dispersion index, and pH. Furthermore, the cardiotoxicity effects of the synthesized nanogels were investigated on Wistar rats in terms of enzymatic activity, echocardiographic, and histological analysis. The proper stability of the prepared formulation was also confirmed by diameter size, zeta potential, dispersion index, and pH. The efficiency of encapsulation was about 90±3.2% and the release of PQ in the loaded nanogel was about 90±2.3%. A decrease in ST (shortening time) segment by formulated PQ, either in peritoneal or gavage exposure pathway, indicates the effectiveness of the capsule layer against the penetration of toxin into the body.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ali Jafari
- Department of Environmental Health Engineering, School of Public Health, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran
| | - Efat Nazari
- Environmental Health Research Center, Lorestan University of Medical Sciences, Khorramabad, Iran
| | - Mansour Ghaderpoori
- Environmental Health Research Center, Lorestan University of Medical Sciences, Khorramabad, Iran
| | - Marzieh Rashidipour
- Razi Research Center, Lorestan University of Medical Sciences, Khorramabad, Iran
| | - Afshin Nazari
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, School of Medicine, Lorestan University of Medical Sciences, Khorramabad, Iran
| | - Farzaneh Chehelcheraghi
- Department of Anatomical Sciences, School of Medicine Lorestan University of Medical Sciences, Khorramabad, Iran
| | - Bahram Kamarehie
- Environmental Health Research Center, Lorestan University of Medical Sciences, Khorramabad, Iran
| | - Reza Rezaee
- Environmental Health Research Center, Research Institute for Health Development, Kurdistan University of Medical Sciences, Sanandaj, Iran
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Yuan M, Ceylan AF, Gao R, Zhu H, Zhang Y, Ren J. Selective inhibition of the NLRP3 inflammasome protects against acute ethanol-induced cardiotoxicity in an FBXL2-dependent manner. Acta Biochim Biophys Sin (Shanghai) 2023; 55:1972-1986. [PMID: 37994158 PMCID: PMC10753364 DOI: 10.3724/abbs.2023256] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/12/2023] [Accepted: 07/27/2023] [Indexed: 11/24/2023] Open
Abstract
Binge drinking exerts cardiac toxicity through various mechanisms, including oxidative stress and inflammation. NLRP3 inflammasomes possess both pro- and anti-inflammatory properties, although the role of NLRP3 in ethanol-induced cardiotoxicity remains unknown. This study is designed to examine the role of NLRP3 inflammasome in acute ethanol cardiotoxicity and the underlying mechanisms of action. Nine- to twelve-week-old adult male C57BL/6 mice are administered with ethanol (1.5 g/kg, twice daily, i.p.) for 3 days. A cohort of control and ethanol-challenged mice are treated with the NLRP3 inhibitor MCC950 (10 mg/kg/day, i.p., days 1 and 3). Myocardial geometry and function are monitored using echocardiography and cardiomyocyte edge-detection techniques. Levels of NLRP3 inflammasome, mitophagy and apoptosis are evaluated by western blot analysis and immunofluorescence techniques. Acute ethanol challenge results in abnormally higher cardiac systolic function, in conjunction with deteriorated cardiac diastolic function and cardiomyocyte contractile function. Levels of NLRP3 inflammasome and apoptosis are elevated, and mitophagy flux is blocked (elevated Pink1-Parkin and LC3B along with diminished p62 and Rab7) in mice receiving acute ethanol challenge. Although MCC950 does not elicit a notable effect on myocardial function, apoptosis or inflammasome activation in the absence of ethanol exposure, it effectively rescues acute ethanol cardiotoxicity, as manifested by restored myocardial and cardiomyocyte functional homeostasis, suppressed NLRP3 inflammasome activation and apoptosis, and improved mitophagy flux. Our data further suggest that FBXL2, an E3 ubiquitin ligase associated with mitochondrial homeostasis and mitophagy, is destabilized due to proteasomal degradation of caspase-1 by ethanol-induced hyperactivation of NLRP3-caspase-1 inflammasome signaling, resulting in mitochondrial injury and apoptosis. These findings denote a role for NLRP3 inflammasome in acute ethanol exposure-induced cardiotoxicity in an FBXL2-dependent manner and the therapeutic promise of targeting NLRP3 inflammasome for acute ethanol cardiotoxicity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Meng Yuan
- Department of Cardiology and Shanghai Institute of Cardiovascular DiseasesZhongshan HospitalFudan UniversityShanghai200032China
- Clinical Research Center for Interventional MedicineShanghai200032China
| | - Asli F. Ceylan
- Ankara Yildirim Beyazit UniversityFaculty of MedicineDepartment of Medical PharmacologyBilkentAnkaraTurkey
| | - Rifeng Gao
- Department of CardiologyThe Second Affiliated HospitalZhejiang University School of MedicineHangzhou310009China
| | - Hong Zhu
- Translational Medical Center for Stem Cell Therapy & Institutes for Regenerative MedicineShanghai East HospitalTongji University School of MedicineShanghai200123China
| | - Yingmei Zhang
- Department of Cardiology and Shanghai Institute of Cardiovascular DiseasesZhongshan HospitalFudan UniversityShanghai200032China
- Clinical Research Center for Interventional MedicineShanghai200032China
| | - Jun Ren
- Department of Cardiology and Shanghai Institute of Cardiovascular DiseasesZhongshan HospitalFudan UniversityShanghai200032China
- Clinical Research Center for Interventional MedicineShanghai200032China
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Shi S, Jiang P. Therapeutic potentials of modulating autophagy in pathological cardiac hypertrophy. Biomed Pharmacother 2022; 156:113967. [DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2022.113967] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2022] [Revised: 10/31/2022] [Accepted: 11/01/2022] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
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Liu Y, You F, Song G, Ceylan AF, Deng Q, Jin W, Min J, Burd L, Ren J, Pei Z. Deficiency in Beclin1 attenuates alcohol-induced cardiac dysfunction via inhibition of ferroptosis. Biochim Biophys Acta Gen Subj 2022; 1866:130245. [PMID: 36126834 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbagen.2022.130245] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/16/2022] [Revised: 09/12/2022] [Accepted: 09/13/2022] [Indexed: 10/14/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Binge drinking leads to compromised mitochondrial integrity and contractile function in the heart although little effective remedy is readily available. Given the possible derangement of autophagy in ethanol-induced cardiac anomalies, this study was designed to examine involvement of Beclin1 in acute ethanol-induced cardiac contractile dysfunction, in any, and the impact of Beclin1 haploinsufficiency on ethanol cardiotoxicity with a focus on autophagy-related ferroptosis. METHODS WT and Beclin1 haploinsufficiency (BECN+/-) mice were challenged with ethanol for one week (2 g/kg, i.p. on day 1, 3 and 7) prior to assessment of cardiac injury markers (LDH, CK-MB), cardiac geometry, contractile and mitochondrial integrity, oxidative stress, lipid peroxidation, apoptosis and ferroptosis. RESULTS Ethanol exposure compromised cardiac geometry and contractile function accompanied with upregulated Beclin1 and autophagy, mitochondrial injury, oxidative stress, lipid peroxidation and apoptosis, and ferroptosis (GPx4, SLC7A11, NCOA4). Although Beclin1 deficiency did not affect cardiac function in the absence of ethanol challenge, it alleviated ethanol-induced changes in cardiac injury biomarkers, cardiomyocyte area, interstitial fibrosis, echocardiographic and cardiomyocyte mechanical properties along with mitochondrial integrity, oxidative stress, lipid peroxidation, apoptosis and ferroptosis. Ethanol challenge evoked pronounced ferroptosis (downregulated GPx4, SLC7A11 and elevated NCOA4, lipid peroxidation), the effect was alleviated by Beclin1 haploinsufficiency. Inhibition of ferroptosis using LIP-1 rescued ethanol-induced cardiac mechanical anomalies. In vitro study noted that ferroptosis induction using erastin abrogated Beclin1 haploinsufficiency-induced response against ethanol. CONCLUSIONS In sum, our data suggest that Beclin1 haploinsufficiency benefits acute ethanol challenge-induced myocardial remodeling and contractile dysfunction through ferroptosis-mediated manner.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yandong Liu
- The Second Department of Cardiology, The Third Hospital of Nanchang, Nanchang 330009, China
| | - Fei You
- Department of Cardiology, Xi'an Central Hospital, Xi'an 710003, China
| | - Guoliang Song
- The Second Department of Cardiology, The Third Hospital of Nanchang, Nanchang 330009, China
| | - Asli F Ceylan
- Ankara Yildirim Beyazit University, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Medical Pharmacology, Bilkent, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Qinqin Deng
- The Second Department of Cardiology, The Third Hospital of Nanchang, Nanchang 330009, China
| | - Wei Jin
- The Second Department of Cardiology, The Third Hospital of Nanchang, Nanchang 330009, China
| | - Jie Min
- The Second Department of Cardiology, The Third Hospital of Nanchang, Nanchang 330009, China
| | - Larry Burd
- Department of Pediatrics, University of North Dakota School of Medicine and Health Sciences, Grand Forks, ND 58202, USA
| | - Jun Ren
- Department of Cardiology, Shanghai Institute of Cardiovascular Diseases, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China.
| | - Zhaohui Pei
- The Second Department of Cardiology, The Third Hospital of Nanchang, Nanchang 330009, China.
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Zou L, Liao M, Zhen Y, Zhu S, Chen X, Zhang J, Hao Y, Liu B. Autophagy and beyond: Unraveling the complexity of UNC-51-like kinase 1 (ULK1) from biological functions to therapeutic implications. Acta Pharm Sin B 2022; 12:3743-3782. [PMID: 36213540 PMCID: PMC9532564 DOI: 10.1016/j.apsb.2022.06.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/17/2022] [Revised: 05/27/2022] [Accepted: 06/02/2022] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
UNC-51-like kinase 1 (ULK1), as a serine/threonine kinase, is an autophagic initiator in mammals and a homologous protein of autophagy related protein (Atg) 1 in yeast and of UNC-51 in Caenorhabditis elegans. ULK1 is well-known for autophagy activation, which is evolutionarily conserved in protein transport and indispensable to maintain cell homeostasis. As the direct target of energy and nutrition-sensing kinase, ULK1 may contribute to the distribution and utilization of cellular resources in response to metabolism and is closely associated with multiple pathophysiological processes. Moreover, ULK1 has been widely reported to play a crucial role in human diseases, including cancer, neurodegenerative diseases, cardiovascular disease, and infections, and subsequently targeted small-molecule inhibitors or activators are also demonstrated. Interestingly, the non-autophagy function of ULK1 has been emerging, indicating that non-autophagy-relevant ULK1 signaling network is also linked with diseases under some specific contexts. Therefore, in this review, we summarized the structure and functions of ULK1 as an autophagic initiator, with a focus on some new approaches, and further elucidated the key roles of ULK1 in autophagy and non-autophagy. Additionally, we also discussed the relationships between ULK1 and human diseases, as well as illustrated a rapid progress for better understanding of the discovery of more candidate small-molecule drugs targeting ULK1, which will provide a clue on novel ULK1-targeted therapeutics in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ling Zou
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Health Science Center, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen 518060, China
- State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Minru Liao
- State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Yongqi Zhen
- State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Shiou Zhu
- State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Xiya Chen
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Health Science Center, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen 518060, China
| | - Jin Zhang
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Health Science Center, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen 518060, China
- State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
- Corresponding authors. Tel./fax: +86 28 85503817.
| | - Yue Hao
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Health Science Center, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen 518060, China
- Corresponding authors. Tel./fax: +86 28 85503817.
| | - Bo Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
- Corresponding authors. Tel./fax: +86 28 85503817.
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Tokarska-Schlattner M, Kay L, Perret P, Isola R, Attia S, Lamarche F, Tellier C, Cottet-Rousselle C, Uneisi A, Hininger-Favier I, Foretz M, Dubouchaud H, Ghezzi C, Zuppinger C, Viollet B, Schlattner U. Role of Cardiac AMP-Activated Protein Kinase in a Non-pathological Setting: Evidence From Cardiomyocyte-Specific, Inducible AMP-Activated Protein Kinase α1α2-Knockout Mice. Front Cell Dev Biol 2021; 9:731015. [PMID: 34733845 PMCID: PMC8558539 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2021.731015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/25/2021] [Accepted: 09/24/2021] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK) is a key regulator of energy homeostasis under conditions of energy stress. Though heart is one of the most energy requiring organs and depends on a perfect match of energy supply with high and fluctuating energy demand to maintain its contractile performance, the role of AMPK in this organ is still not entirely clear, in particular in a non-pathological setting. In this work, we characterized cardiomyocyte-specific, inducible AMPKα1 and α2 knockout mice (KO), where KO was induced at the age of 8 weeks, and assessed their phenotype under physiological conditions. In the heart of KO mice, both AMPKα isoforms were strongly reduced and thus deleted in a large part of cardiomyocytes already 2 weeks after tamoxifen administration, persisting during the entire study period. AMPK KO had no effect on heart function at baseline, but alterations were observed under increased workload induced by dobutamine stress, consistent with lower endurance exercise capacity observed in AMPK KO mice. AMPKα deletion also induced a decrease in basal metabolic rate (oxygen uptake, energy expenditure) together with a trend to lower locomotor activity of AMPK KO mice 12 months after tamoxifen administration. Loss of AMPK resulted in multiple alterations of cardiac mitochondria: reduced respiration with complex I substrates as measured in isolated mitochondria, reduced activity of complexes I and IV, and a shift in mitochondrial cristae morphology from lamellar to mixed lamellar-tubular. A strong tendency to diminished ATP and glycogen level was observed in older animals, 1 year after tamoxifen administration. Our study suggests important roles of cardiac AMPK at increased cardiac workload, potentially limiting exercise performance. This is at least partially due to impaired mitochondrial function and bioenergetics which degrades with age.
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Affiliation(s)
- Malgorzata Tokarska-Schlattner
- Inserm U1055, Laboratory of Fundamental and Applied Bioenergetics (LBFA), University of Grenoble Alpes, Grenoble, France
| | - Laurence Kay
- Inserm U1055, Laboratory of Fundamental and Applied Bioenergetics (LBFA), University of Grenoble Alpes, Grenoble, France
| | - Pascale Perret
- Inserm U1039, Radiopharmaceutiques Biocliniques, Faculté de Médecine, University of Grenoble Alpes, Grenoble, France
| | - Raffaella Isola
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Division of Cytomorphology, University of Cagliari, Cagliari, Italy
| | - Stéphane Attia
- Inserm U1055, Laboratory of Fundamental and Applied Bioenergetics (LBFA), University of Grenoble Alpes, Grenoble, France
| | - Frédéric Lamarche
- Inserm U1055, Laboratory of Fundamental and Applied Bioenergetics (LBFA), University of Grenoble Alpes, Grenoble, France
| | - Cindy Tellier
- Inserm U1055, Laboratory of Fundamental and Applied Bioenergetics (LBFA), University of Grenoble Alpes, Grenoble, France
| | - Cécile Cottet-Rousselle
- Inserm U1055, Laboratory of Fundamental and Applied Bioenergetics (LBFA), University of Grenoble Alpes, Grenoble, France
| | - Amjad Uneisi
- Inserm U1055, Laboratory of Fundamental and Applied Bioenergetics (LBFA), University of Grenoble Alpes, Grenoble, France
| | - Isabelle Hininger-Favier
- Inserm U1055, Laboratory of Fundamental and Applied Bioenergetics (LBFA), University of Grenoble Alpes, Grenoble, France
| | - Marc Foretz
- Institut Cochin, CNRS, INSERM, Université de Paris, Paris, France
| | - Hervé Dubouchaud
- Inserm U1055, Laboratory of Fundamental and Applied Bioenergetics (LBFA), University of Grenoble Alpes, Grenoble, France
| | - Catherine Ghezzi
- Inserm U1039, Radiopharmaceutiques Biocliniques, Faculté de Médecine, University of Grenoble Alpes, Grenoble, France
| | - Christian Zuppinger
- Department of Cardiology, Inselspital, Bern University Hospital, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Benoit Viollet
- Institut Cochin, CNRS, INSERM, Université de Paris, Paris, France
| | - Uwe Schlattner
- Inserm U1055, Laboratory of Fundamental and Applied Bioenergetics (LBFA), University of Grenoble Alpes, Grenoble, France.,Institut Universitaire de France, Paris, France
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Deng H, Yu B, Li Y. Tanshinone IIA alleviates acute ethanol-induced myocardial apoptosis mainly through inhibiting the expression of PDCD4 and activating the PI3K/Akt pathway. Phytother Res 2021; 35:4309-4323. [PMID: 34169595 DOI: 10.1002/ptr.7102] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/16/2020] [Revised: 02/28/2021] [Accepted: 03/09/2021] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
Myocardial apoptosis contributes to acute ethanol-induced cardiac injury. Improving immoderate apoptosis has become the potential therapeutic strategy for acute ethanol-induced heart damage. Previous studies reported that Tanshinone IIA (Tan IIA), a key ingredient extracted from Salvia miltiorrhiza Bunge, performed an anti-apoptotic role against acute ethanol-related cell damage. In this study, we investigated whether Tan IIA protected the acute ethanol-induced cardiac damage in vivo and in vitro. C57BL/6 mice were treated with acute ethanol and then treated with Tan IIA. The results showed that Tan IIA significantly improved heart function and blocked myocardial apoptosis. Acute ethanol exposure induced H9C2 cells apoptosis. Treatment with Tan IIA abrogated acute ethanol-induced H9C2 cells apoptosis. Mechanistically, Tan IIA inhibited apoptosis by downregulating the programmed cell death protein 4 (PDCD4) expression and activating the phosphoinositide 3-kinase (PI3K)/Akt pathway. Furthermore, PDCD4 overexpression abrogated Tan IIA-mediated anti-apoptotic role and activation on the PI3K/Akt pathway. Interestingly, the PI3K inhibitor (LY294002) application significantly attenuated the main protective effects of Tan IIA. In conclusion, Tan IIA improves acute ethanol-induced myocardial apoptosis mainly through regulating the PDCD4 expression and activating the PI3K/Akt signaling pathway. We provide evidence that Tan IIA is a new treatment approach for acute ethanol-induced heart damage.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hanyu Deng
- Department of Cardiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Bo Yu
- Department of Cardiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Yang Li
- Department of Cardiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China
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FGF1 ΔHBS prevents diabetic cardiomyopathy by maintaining mitochondrial homeostasis and reducing oxidative stress via AMPK/Nur77 suppression. Signal Transduct Target Ther 2021; 6:133. [PMID: 33762571 PMCID: PMC7991671 DOI: 10.1038/s41392-021-00542-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/02/2020] [Revised: 03/07/2021] [Accepted: 03/08/2021] [Indexed: 02/01/2023] Open
Abstract
As a classically known mitogen, fibroblast growth factor 1 (FGF1) has been found to exert other pleiotropic functions such as metabolic regulation and myocardial protection. Here, we show that serum levels of FGF1 were decreased and positively correlated with fraction shortening in diabetic cardiomyopathy (DCM) patients, indicating that FGF1 is a potential therapeutic target for DCM. We found that treatment with a FGF1 variant (FGF1∆HBS) with reduced proliferative potency prevented diabetes-induced cardiac injury and remodeling and restored cardiac function. RNA-Seq results obtained from the cardiac tissues of db/db mice showed significant increase in the expression levels of anti-oxidative genes and decrease of Nur77 by FGF1∆HBS treatment. Both in vivo and in vitro studies indicate that FGF1∆HBS exerted these beneficial effects by markedly reducing mitochondrial fragmentation, reactive oxygen species (ROS) generation and cytochrome c leakage and enhancing mitochondrial respiration rate and β-oxidation in a 5' AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK)/Nur77-dependent manner, all of which were not observed in the AMPK null mice. The favorable metabolic activity and reduced proliferative properties of FGF1∆HBS testify to its promising potential for use in the treatment of DCM and other metabolic disorders.
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Tao Y, Zhou H, Huang L, Xu X, Huang Y, Ma L, Li L, Yao X, Zhang R, Zhang Y, Rong W, Yang C, Yang T, Shen Y, Wang R. Schisandrin B Protects against Acute Ethanol-Induced Cardiac Injury by Downregulating Autophagy via the NOX4/ROS Pathway. Pharmacology 2021; 106:177-188. [PMID: 33486482 DOI: 10.1159/000510863] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/01/2020] [Accepted: 08/05/2020] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Although oxidative stress has been demonstrated to mediate acute ethanol-induced changes in autophagy in the heart, the precise mechanism behind redox regulation in acute ethanol heart disease remains largely unknown. METHODS Wild-type C57BL/6 mice were intraperitoneally injected with ethanol (3 g/kg/day) for 3 consecutive days. The effects of ethanol on cultured primary cardiomyocytes and H9c2 myoblasts were also studied in vitro. Levels of autophagic flux, cardiac apoptosis and function, reactive oxygen species (ROS) accumulation, NOX4, and NOX2 were examined. The NOX4 gene was knocked down with NOX4 siRNA. RESULTS In this study, we demonstrated that schisandrin B inhibited acute ethanol-induced autophagy and sequent apoptosis. In addition, schisandrin B treatment improved cardiac function in ethanol-treated mice. Furthermore, NOX4 protein expression was increased during acute ethanol exposure, and the upregulation of NOX4 was significantly inhibited by schisandrin B treatment. The knockdown of NOX4 prevented ROS accumulation, cell autophagy, and apoptosis. CONCLUSION These results highlight that NOX4 is a critical mediator of ROS and elaborate the role of the NOX4/ROS axis in the effect of schisandrin B on autophagy and autophagy-mediated apoptosis in acute ethanol exposure, which suggests a therapeutic strategy for acute alcoholic cardiomyopathy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Youli Tao
- Ningbo Medical Centre LiHuili Hospital, Ningbo, China,
| | - Hua Zhou
- Ningbo Medical Centre LiHuili Hospital, Ningbo, China
| | - Lili Huang
- Ningbo Medical Centre LiHuili Hospital, Ningbo, China
| | - Xiaoyin Xu
- Ningbo Medical Centre LiHuili Hospital, Ningbo, China
| | - Yun Huang
- School of Medicine, Ningbo University, Ningbo, China
| | - Lili Ma
- Ningbo Medical Centre LiHuili Hospital, Ningbo, China
| | - Lingna Li
- Ningbo Medical Centre LiHuili Hospital, Ningbo, China
| | - Xu Yao
- Ningbo Medical Centre LiHuili Hospital, Ningbo, China
| | - Ronghui Zhang
- Ningbo Medical Centre LiHuili Hospital, Ningbo, China
| | - Yuyu Zhang
- Ningbo Medical Centre LiHuili Hospital, Ningbo, China
| | - Weibo Rong
- Ningbo Medical Centre LiHuili Hospital, Ningbo, China
| | - Chaojun Yang
- Ningbo Medical Centre LiHuili Hospital, Ningbo, China
| | - Taotao Yang
- Ningbo Medical Centre LiHuili Hospital, Ningbo, China
| | - Yi Shen
- Ningbo Medical Centre LiHuili Hospital, Ningbo, China
| | - Rixiang Wang
- Ningbo Medical Centre LiHuili Hospital, Ningbo, China
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Yang M, Wang S, Fu S, Wu NN, Xu X, Sun S, Zhang Y, Ren J. Deletion of the E3 ubiquitin ligase, Parkin, exacerbates chronic alcohol intake-induced cardiomyopathy through an Ambra1-dependent mechanism. Br J Pharmacol 2021; 178:964-982. [PMID: 33300167 DOI: 10.1111/bph.15340] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2020] [Revised: 08/17/2020] [Accepted: 09/01/2020] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE Chronic alcohol consumption contributes to contractile dysfunction and unfavourable geometric changes in myocardium, accompanied by altered autophagy and disturbed mitochondrial homeostasis. The E3 ubiquitin ligase Parkin encoded by PARK2 gene maintains a fundamental role in regulating mitophagy and mitochondrial homeostasis, although little is known of its role in the aetiology of alcoholic cardiomyopathy. Here we assessed the effects of Parkin deletion in chronic alcohol-evoked cardiotoxicity. EXPERIMENTAL APPROACH Following alcohol (4%) or control diet intake for 8 weeks, adult male wild-type (WT) and PARK2 knockout (Parkin-/- ) mice were examined using echocardiography. Cardiomyocyte mechanical properties, morphology of myocardium, and mitochondrial damage were also evaluated. Autophagy and mitophagy levels were assessed by LC3B and GFP-LC3 puncta, and lysosome-dependent autophagic flux was scrutinized using GFP-mRFP-LC3 puncta and Bafilomycin A1 treatment. KEY RESULTS Chronic alcohol exposure provoked unfavourable geometric changes in myocardium and led to mitochondrial dysfunction and cardiac contractile defects, effects further exacerbated by Parkin knockout. Chronic alcohol exposure provoked autophagy and PINK1/Parkin-mediated mitophagy without affecting lysosome-dependent autophagic flux, the effects of which were diminished by Parkin deletion. Parkin adenovirus infection in neonatal rat cardiomyocytes further increased autophagy and protected against alcohol-induced myocardial injury, effects blocked by siRNA for Ambra1 (Autophagy and Beclin1 regulator 1). Immunofluorescence staining and co-immunoprecipitation assays showed interactions between Parkin and Ambra1. CONCLUSIONS AND IMPLICATIONS Parkin was essential for cardiac homeostasis in alcohol challenge, accompanied by increased autophagy/mitophagy and maintenance of mitochondrial integrity through its interaction with Ambra1.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mingjie Yang
- Department of Cardiology and Shanghai Institute of Cardiovascular Diseases, Fudan University Zhongshan Hospital, Shanghai, China
| | - Shuyi Wang
- Department of Emergency, Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Shouzhi Fu
- Department of ICU/Emergency Wuhan Third Hospital, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Ne N Wu
- Department of Cardiology and Shanghai Institute of Cardiovascular Diseases, Fudan University Zhongshan Hospital, Shanghai, China
| | - Xihui Xu
- Cytokinetics Inc, South San Francisco, California, USA
| | - Shiqun Sun
- Department of Cardiology and Shanghai Institute of Cardiovascular Diseases, Fudan University Zhongshan Hospital, Shanghai, China
| | - Yingmei Zhang
- Department of Cardiology and Shanghai Institute of Cardiovascular Diseases, Fudan University Zhongshan Hospital, Shanghai, China
| | - Jun Ren
- Department of Cardiology and Shanghai Institute of Cardiovascular Diseases, Fudan University Zhongshan Hospital, Shanghai, China
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Ma W, Liang F, Zhan H, Jiang X, Gao C, Zhang X, Zhang K, Sun Q, Hu H, Zhao Z. Activated FMS-like tyrosine kinase 3 ameliorates angiotensin II-induced cardiac remodelling. Acta Physiol (Oxf) 2020; 230:e13519. [PMID: 32480429 DOI: 10.1111/apha.13519] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/05/2020] [Revised: 05/25/2020] [Accepted: 05/26/2020] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
AIM FMS-like receptor tyrosine kinase 3 (Flt3) has been reported to be increased in cardiomyocytes responding to ischaemic stress. This study was to determine whether Flt3 activation could ameliorate pressure overload-induced heart hypertrophy and fibrosis, and to elucidate the mechanisms of action. METHODS In vivo cardiac hypertrophy and remodelling experiments were conducted by infusing angiotensin II (Ang II) chronically in male C57BL/6 mice. Flt3-specific ligand (FL) was administered intraperitoneally every two days (5 µg/mouse). In vitro experiments on hypertrophy, apoptosis and autophagy mechanism were performed in neonatal rat cardiomyocytes (NRCMs) and H9c2 cells with adenovirus vector-mediated overexpression of Flt3. RESULTS Our results demonstrated that following chronic Ang II infusion for 4 weeks, the mice exhibited heart hypertrophy, fibrosis, apoptosis and contractile dysfunction. Meanwhile, Ang II induced autophagic responses in mouse hearts, as evidenced by increased LC3 II and decreased P62 expression. These pathological alterations in Ang II-treated mice were significantly ameliorated by Flt3 activation with FL administration. In NRCMs and Flt3-overexpressed H9c2 cells, FL attenuated Ang II-induced pathological autophagy and inactivated AMPK/mTORC1/FoxO3a signalling, thereby efficiently mitigating cell hypertrophy and apoptosis. Conversely, the AMPK activator metformin or the mTORC1 inhibitor rapamycin reversed the effects of FL on the alterations of autophagy, hypertrophy and apoptosis in cardiomyocytes induced by Ang II. CONCLUSION Flt3 activation ameliorates cardiac hypertrophy, fibrosis and contractile dysfunction in the mouse model of chronic pressure overload, most likely via suppressing AMPK/mTORC1/FoxO3a-mediated autophagy. These results provide new evidence supporting Flt3 as a novel therapeutic target in maladaptive cardiac remodelling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenzhuo Ma
- Department of Pharmacology School of Basic Medicine Sciences Xi'an Jiaotong University Health Science Center Xi’an Shaanxi China
- Key Laboratory of Environment and Genes Related to Diseases Ministry of Education Xi'an Jiaotong University Xi’an Shaanxi China
| | - Fanfan Liang
- Department of Pharmacology School of Basic Medicine Sciences Xi'an Jiaotong University Health Science Center Xi’an Shaanxi China
- Key Laboratory of Environment and Genes Related to Diseases Ministry of Education Xi'an Jiaotong University Xi’an Shaanxi China
| | - Heqin Zhan
- Department of Pharmacology School of Basic Medicine Sciences Xi'an Jiaotong University Health Science Center Xi’an Shaanxi China
- Department of Pharmacology College of Pharmacy Xinxiang Medical University Xinxiang Henan China
| | - Xixi Jiang
- Department of Pharmacology School of Basic Medicine Sciences Xi'an Jiaotong University Health Science Center Xi’an Shaanxi China
- Key Laboratory of Environment and Genes Related to Diseases Ministry of Education Xi'an Jiaotong University Xi’an Shaanxi China
| | - Chenying Gao
- Department of Pharmacology School of Basic Medicine Sciences Xi'an Jiaotong University Health Science Center Xi’an Shaanxi China
- Key Laboratory of Environment and Genes Related to Diseases Ministry of Education Xi'an Jiaotong University Xi’an Shaanxi China
| | - Xin Zhang
- Department of Pharmacology School of Basic Medicine Sciences Xi'an Jiaotong University Health Science Center Xi’an Shaanxi China
- Key Laboratory of Environment and Genes Related to Diseases Ministry of Education Xi'an Jiaotong University Xi’an Shaanxi China
| | - Kaina Zhang
- Department of Pharmacology School of Basic Medicine Sciences Xi'an Jiaotong University Health Science Center Xi’an Shaanxi China
- Key Laboratory of Environment and Genes Related to Diseases Ministry of Education Xi'an Jiaotong University Xi’an Shaanxi China
| | - Qiang Sun
- Department of Pharmacology School of Basic Medicine Sciences Xi'an Jiaotong University Health Science Center Xi’an Shaanxi China
- Key Laboratory of Environment and Genes Related to Diseases Ministry of Education Xi'an Jiaotong University Xi’an Shaanxi China
| | - Hao Hu
- Department of Pharmacology School of Basic Medicine Sciences Xi'an Jiaotong University Health Science Center Xi’an Shaanxi China
- Key Laboratory of Environment and Genes Related to Diseases Ministry of Education Xi'an Jiaotong University Xi’an Shaanxi China
| | - Zhenghang Zhao
- Department of Pharmacology School of Basic Medicine Sciences Xi'an Jiaotong University Health Science Center Xi’an Shaanxi China
- Key Laboratory of Environment and Genes Related to Diseases Ministry of Education Xi'an Jiaotong University Xi’an Shaanxi China
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13
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Li G, Wang X, Yang H, Zhang P, Wu F, Li Y, Zhou Y, Zhang X, Ma H, Zhang W, Li J. α-Linolenic acid but not linolenic acid protects against hypertension: critical role of SIRT3 and autophagic flux. Cell Death Dis 2020; 11:83. [PMID: 32015327 PMCID: PMC6997421 DOI: 10.1038/s41419-020-2277-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/23/2019] [Revised: 01/14/2020] [Accepted: 01/14/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Although dietary α-linolenic acid (ALA) or linolenic acid (LA) intake was reported to be epidemiologically associated with a lower prevalence of hypertension, recent clinical trials have yielded conflicting results. Comparable experimental evidence for the roles of these two different fatty acids is still lacking and the underlying mechanisms need to be further elucidated. Our data showed that ALA but not LA supplementation alleviated systolic blood pressure elevation and improved ACh-induced, endothelium-dependent vasodilation in both spontaneously hypertensive rats (SHRs) and AngII-induced hypertensive mice. In addition, SHRs displayed reduced vascular Sirtuin 3 (SIRT3) expression, subsequent superoxide dismutase 2 (SOD2) hyperacetylation and mitochondrial ROS overproduction, all of which were ameliorated by ALA but not LA supplementation. In primary cultured endothelial cells, ALA treatment directly inhibited SIRT3 reduction, SOD2 hyperacetylation, mitochondrial ROS overproduction and alleviated autophagic flux impairment induced by AngII plus TNFα treatment. However, these beneficial effects of ALA were completely blocked by silencing SIRT3. Restoration of autophagic flux by rapamycin also inhibited mitochondrial ROS overproduction in endothelial cells exposed to AngII plus TNFα. More interestingly, SIRT3 KO mice developed severe hypertension in response to a low dose of AngII infusion, while ALA supplementation lost its anti-hypertensive and endothelium-protective effects on these mice. Our findings suggest that ALA but not LA supplementation improves endothelial dysfunction and diminishes experimental hypertension by rescuing SIRT3 impairment to restore autophagic flux and mitochondrial redox balance in endothelial cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guohua Li
- School of Aerospace Medicine, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, 710032, China
| | - Xinpei Wang
- School of Aerospace Medicine, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, 710032, China
| | - Hongyan Yang
- School of Aerospace Medicine, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, 710032, China
| | - Pengfei Zhang
- School of Aerospace Medicine, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, 710032, China
| | - Fangqin Wu
- School of Aerospace Medicine, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, 710032, China
| | - Yunchu Li
- School of Aerospace Medicine, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, 710032, China
| | - Yingjie Zhou
- School of Aerospace Medicine, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, 710032, China
| | - Xing Zhang
- School of Aerospace Medicine, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, 710032, China
| | - Heng Ma
- Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, School of Basic Science, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, 710032, China
| | - Wei Zhang
- Department of Cardiology, Tangdu Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, 710032, China.
| | - Jia Li
- School of Aerospace Medicine, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, 710032, China.
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Morissette MP, Susser SE, Stammers AN, Moffatt TL, Wigle JT, Wigle TJ, Netticadan T, Premecz S, Jassal DS, O’Hara KA, Duhamel TA. Exercise-induced increases in the expression and activity of cardiac sarcoplasmic reticulum calcium ATPase 2 is attenuated in AMPKα2kinase-dead mice. Can J Physiol Pharmacol 2019; 97:786-795. [DOI: 10.1139/cjpp-2018-0737] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/14/2023]
Abstract
Exercise enhances cardiac sarcoplasmic reticulum Ca2+-ATPase 2a (SERCA2a) function through unknown mechanisms. The present study tested the hypothesis that the positive effects of exercise on SERCA2a expression and function in the left ventricle is dependent on adenosine-monophosphate-activated protein kinase (AMPK) α2 function. AMPKα2kinase-dead (KD) transgenic mice, which overexpress inactivated AMPKα2subunit, and wild-type C57Bl/6 (WT) mice were randomized into sedentary groups or groups with access to running wheels. After 5 months, exercised KD mice exhibited shortened deceleration time compared with sedentary KD mice. In left ventricular tissue, the ratio of phosphorylated AMPKαThr172:total AMPKα was 65% lower (P < 0.05) in KD mice compared with WT mice. The left ventricle of KD mice had 37% lower levels of SERCA2a compared with WT mice. Although exercise increased SERCA2a protein levels in WT mice by 53%, this response of exercise was abolished in exercised KD mice. Exercise training reduced total phospholamban protein content by 23% in both the WT and KD mice but remained 20% higher overall in KD mice. Collectively, these data suggest that AMPKα influences SERCA2a and phospholamban protein content in the sedentary and exercised heart, and that exercise-induced changes in SERCA2a protein are dependent on AMPKα function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marc P. Morissette
- Institute of Cardiovascular Sciences, St. Boniface Hospital Albrechtsen Research Centre, 351 Tache Avenue, Winnipeg, MB R2H 2A6, Canada
- Health, Leisure, and Human Performance Research Institute, Faculty of Kinesiology and Recreation Management, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB R3T 2N2, Canada
| | - Shanel E. Susser
- Institute of Cardiovascular Sciences, St. Boniface Hospital Albrechtsen Research Centre, 351 Tache Avenue, Winnipeg, MB R2H 2A6, Canada
- Health, Leisure, and Human Performance Research Institute, Faculty of Kinesiology and Recreation Management, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB R3T 2N2, Canada
- Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB R3E 0J9, Canada
| | - Andrew N. Stammers
- Institute of Cardiovascular Sciences, St. Boniface Hospital Albrechtsen Research Centre, 351 Tache Avenue, Winnipeg, MB R2H 2A6, Canada
- Health, Leisure, and Human Performance Research Institute, Faculty of Kinesiology and Recreation Management, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB R3T 2N2, Canada
| | - Teri L. Moffatt
- Institute of Cardiovascular Sciences, St. Boniface Hospital Albrechtsen Research Centre, 351 Tache Avenue, Winnipeg, MB R2H 2A6, Canada
- Health, Leisure, and Human Performance Research Institute, Faculty of Kinesiology and Recreation Management, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB R3T 2N2, Canada
| | - Jeffrey T. Wigle
- Institute of Cardiovascular Sciences, St. Boniface Hospital Albrechtsen Research Centre, 351 Tache Avenue, Winnipeg, MB R2H 2A6, Canada
- Department of Biochemistry and Medical Genetics, Rady Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB R2E 3N4, Canada
| | - Theodore J. Wigle
- Institute of Cardiovascular Sciences, St. Boniface Hospital Albrechtsen Research Centre, 351 Tache Avenue, Winnipeg, MB R2H 2A6, Canada
- Health, Leisure, and Human Performance Research Institute, Faculty of Kinesiology and Recreation Management, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB R3T 2N2, Canada
- Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB R3E 0J9, Canada
| | - Thomas Netticadan
- Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB R3E 0J9, Canada
- Canadian Centre for Agri-Food Research in Health and Medicine, St. Boniface Albrechtsen Research Centre, Winnipeg, MB R2H 2A6, Canada
- Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada, Winnipeg, MB R3C 3G7, Canada
| | - Sheena Premecz
- Institute of Cardiovascular Sciences, St. Boniface Hospital Albrechtsen Research Centre, 351 Tache Avenue, Winnipeg, MB R2H 2A6, Canada
| | - Davinder S. Jassal
- Institute of Cardiovascular Sciences, St. Boniface Hospital Albrechtsen Research Centre, 351 Tache Avenue, Winnipeg, MB R2H 2A6, Canada
- Canadian Centre for Agri-Food Research in Health and Medicine, St. Boniface Albrechtsen Research Centre, Winnipeg, MB R2H 2A6, Canada
- Section of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine, Max Rady College of Medicine, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB R3A 1R9, Canada
| | - Kimberley A. O’Hara
- Institute of Cardiovascular Sciences, St. Boniface Hospital Albrechtsen Research Centre, 351 Tache Avenue, Winnipeg, MB R2H 2A6, Canada
- Health, Leisure, and Human Performance Research Institute, Faculty of Kinesiology and Recreation Management, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB R3T 2N2, Canada
| | - Todd A. Duhamel
- Institute of Cardiovascular Sciences, St. Boniface Hospital Albrechtsen Research Centre, 351 Tache Avenue, Winnipeg, MB R2H 2A6, Canada
- Health, Leisure, and Human Performance Research Institute, Faculty of Kinesiology and Recreation Management, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB R3T 2N2, Canada
- Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB R3E 0J9, Canada
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15
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Abstract
Both acute intoxication and longer-term cumulative ingestion of alcohol negatively impact the metabolic phenotype of both skeletal and cardiac muscle, independent of overt protein calorie malnutrition, resulting in loss of skeletal muscle strength and cardiac contractility. In large part, these alcohol-induced changes are mediated by a decrease in protein synthesis that in turn is governed by impaired activity of a protein kinase, the mechanistic target of rapamycin (mTOR). Herein, we summarize recent advances in understanding mTOR signal transduction, similarities and differences between the effects of alcohol on this central metabolic controller in skeletal muscle and in the heart, and the effects of acute versus chronic alcohol intake. While alcohol-induced alterations in global proteolysis via activation of the ubiquitin-proteasome pathway are equivocal, emerging data suggest alcohol increases autophagy in muscle. Further studies are necessary to define the relative contributions of these bidirectional changes in protein synthesis and autophagy in the etiology of alcoholic myopathy in skeletal muscle and the heart.
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Affiliation(s)
- Scot R Kimball
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Physiology, Pennsylvania State University College of Medicine, Hershey, Pennsylvania 17033, USA; ,
| | - Charles H Lang
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Physiology, Pennsylvania State University College of Medicine, Hershey, Pennsylvania 17033, USA; ,
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16
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Yang L, Wang S, Ma J, Li J, Yang J, Bucala R, Ren J. CD74 knockout attenuates alcohol intake-induced cardiac dysfunction through AMPK-Skp2-mediated regulation of autophagy. Biochim Biophys Acta Mol Basis Dis 2019; 1865:2368-2378. [PMID: 31167126 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbadis.2019.05.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2019] [Revised: 05/22/2019] [Accepted: 05/30/2019] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
CD74, a non-polymorphic type II transmembrane glycoprotein and MHC class II chaperone, is the cell surface receptor for the inflammatory cytokine macrophage migration inhibitory factor (MIF) and participates in inflammatory signaling regulation. This study examined the potential role of CD74 in binge drinking-induced cardiac contractile dysfunction. WT and CD74 knockout mice were exposed to ethanol (3 g/kg/d, i.p., for 3 days). Echocardiography, cardiomyocyte function, histological staining and autophagy signaling including AMPK, mTOR, and AMPK downstream signals Skp2 and Sirt1 were evaluated. Our results revealed that ethanol challenge overtly compromised echocardiographic, cardiomyocyte contractile, intracellular Ca2+ and ultrastructural properties along with overt apoptosis, inflammation (elevated MIF, IL-1β and IL-6) and mitochondrial O2- production (p < 0.01), the effect of which was reconciled by CD74 ablation (p < 0.01 vs. ethanol group) with the exception of MIF expression. Ethanol challenge upregulated autophagy (p < 0.001), promoted AMPK phosphorylation and Sirt1 levels (p < 0.003) while suppressing mTOR phosphorylation and Skp2 levels (p < 0.02). These effects were reversed by CD74 ablation. In vitro studies demonstrated that short-term ethanol challenge compromised cardiomyocyte contractile function and facilitated GFP-Puncta formation, which were mitigated by CD74 knockout (p < 0.0001). Moreover, the CD74 ablation-offered beneficial effects against ethanol-induced cardiomyocyte dysfunction, and GFP-Puncta formation were nullified by the AMPK activator AICAR, the Skp2 inhibitor C1 or the Sirt1 activator SRT1720 (p < 0.0001). Taken together, our data revealed that CD74 ablation counteracts acute ethanol challenge-induced myocardial dysfunction, inflammation and apoptosis possibly through an AMPK-mTOR-Skp2-mediated regulation of autophagy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lifang Yang
- Department of Anesthesiology, Xi'an Children Hospital, Xi'an 710003, China; Center for Cardiovascular Research and Alternative Medicine, University of Wyoming, Laramie, WY 82071, USA.
| | - Shuyi Wang
- Center for Cardiovascular Research and Alternative Medicine, University of Wyoming, Laramie, WY 82071, USA; Shanghai Institute of Cardiovascular Diseases, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Jipeng Ma
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Xijing Hospital, The Air Force Military Medical University, Xi'an 710032, China; Center for Cardiovascular Research and Alternative Medicine, University of Wyoming, Laramie, WY 82071, USA
| | - Ji Li
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics, Mississippi Center for Heart Research, University of Mississippi Medical Center, Jackson, MS 39216, USA
| | - Jian Yang
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Xijing Hospital, The Air Force Military Medical University, Xi'an 710032, China; Center for Cardiovascular Research and Alternative Medicine, University of Wyoming, Laramie, WY 82071, USA
| | - Richard Bucala
- Department of Medicine, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT 06520, USA
| | - Jun Ren
- Center for Cardiovascular Research and Alternative Medicine, University of Wyoming, Laramie, WY 82071, USA; Shanghai Institute of Cardiovascular Diseases, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China.
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17
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Cao Z, Zhang T, Xu C, Jia Y, Wang T, Zhu B. AIN-93 Diet as an Alternative Model to Lieber-DeCarli Diet for Alcoholic Cardiomyopathy. Alcohol Clin Exp Res 2019; 43:1452-1461. [PMID: 31034614 DOI: 10.1111/acer.14069] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2019] [Accepted: 04/23/2019] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The Lieber-DeCarli alcoholic liquid diet is a classical method for establishing animal models of alcoholic cardiomyopathy (ACM). No study has reported whether the AIN-93 diet, which is widely used as a standard diet for both long-term and short-term studies with laboratory animals, could be used to construct the ACM animal model. The present study intended to investigate whether the AIN-93 diet could be used to establish a mouse ACM model. METHODS Twenty-four C57BL/6 male mice were randomly divided into 4 equally sized groups. In ethanol (EtOH)-fed groups, mice were fed a 4%-EtOH (w/v, 28% of total calories) alcoholic liquid diet of Lieber-DeCarli or the AIN-93 diet for chronic alcohol exposure for 180 days. In control-fed groups, mice were fed with non-EtOH liquid diets with the same calories as EtOH-fed groups. Morphological observations of the hearts and molecular investigation of the brain natriuretic peptide (BNP) were carried out by echocardiography, hematoxylin and eosin (H&E) and immunohistochemistry (IHC) staining, real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction (qPCR), and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. RESULTS Echocardiography showed that mice fed with either the 4%-EtOH Lieber-DeCarli diet or the 4%-EtOH AIN-93 diet had dilated ventricles and poor cardiac function. IHC staining of BNP, qPCR of BNP mRNA, and plasma concentration of BNP showed an up-regulated expression in mice fed with both the 4%-EtOH Lieber-DeCarli and 4%-EtOH AIN-93 diets. Less fatty liver was also observed in mice fed the AIN-93 alcoholic diet than those fed the Lieber-DeCarli alcoholic diet. CONCLUSIONS The AIN-93 alcoholic liquid diet can be used to establish ACM animal models, as with the conventional Lieber-DeCarli alcoholic liquid diet.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhipeng Cao
- Department of Forensic Pathology, School of Forensic Medicine, China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Tianyi Zhang
- Department of Forensic Pathology, School of Forensic Medicine, China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Chengyang Xu
- The third clinical department of China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Yuqing Jia
- Department of Forensic Pathology, School of Forensic Medicine, China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Tianqi Wang
- Department of Forensic Pathology, School of Forensic Medicine, China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Baoli Zhu
- Department of Forensic Pathology, School of Forensic Medicine, China Medical University, Shenyang, China
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18
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Mustroph J, Lebek S, Maier LS, Neef S. Mechanisms of cardiac ethanol toxicity and novel treatment options. Pharmacol Ther 2018; 197:1-10. [PMID: 30557629 DOI: 10.1016/j.pharmthera.2018.12.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Ethanol can acutely and chronically alter cardiomyocyte and whole-organ function in the heart. Importantly, ethanol acutely and chronically predisposes to arrhythmias, while chronic abuse can induce heart failure. However, the molecular mechanisms of ethanol toxicity in the heart are incompletely understood. In this review, we summarize the current mechanistic knowledge on cardiac ethanol toxicity, with a focus on druggable pathways. Ethanol effects on excitation-contraction coupling, oxidative stress, apoptosis, and cardiac metabolism, as well as effects of ethanol metabolites will be discussed. Important recent findings have been gained by investigation of acute ethanol effects. These include a renewed focus on reactive oxygen species (ROS) and induction of SR Ca2+ leak by CaMKII-mediated pathways downstream of ROS. Furthermore, a clinical outlook into potential novel treatment options is provided.
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Affiliation(s)
- Julian Mustroph
- Department of Internal Medicine II, University Medical Center Regensburg, Germany
| | - Simon Lebek
- Department of Internal Medicine II, University Medical Center Regensburg, Germany
| | - Lars S Maier
- Department of Internal Medicine II, University Medical Center Regensburg, Germany
| | - Stefan Neef
- Department of Internal Medicine II, University Medical Center Regensburg, Germany.
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Zhou C, Huang J, Li Q, Zhan C, He Y, Liu J, Wen Z, Wang DW. Pharmacological Inhibition of Soluble Epoxide Hydrolase Ameliorates Chronic Ethanol-Induced Cardiac Fibrosis by Restoring Autophagic Flux. Alcohol Clin Exp Res 2018; 42:1970-1978. [PMID: 30047995 DOI: 10.1111/acer.13847] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2018] [Accepted: 07/09/2018] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Chronic drinking leads to myocardial contractile dysfunction and dilated cardiomyopathy, and cardiac fibrosis is a consequence of these alcoholic injuries. Soluble epoxide hydrolase (sEH) hydrolyzes epoxyeicosatrienoic acids (EETs) to less bioactive diols, and EETs have cardioprotective properties. However, the effects of sEH inhibition in ethanol (EtOH)-induced cardiac fibrosis are unknown. METHODS This study was designed to investigate the role and underlying mechanisms of sEH inhibition in chronic EtOH feeding-induced cardiac fibrosis. C57BL/6J mice were fed a 4% Lieber-DeCarli EtOH diet for 8 weeks, and the sEH inhibitor 1-trifluoromethoxyphenyl-3-(1-propionylpiperidin-4-yl) urea (TPPU) was administered throughout the experimental period. RESULTS The results showed that chronic EtOH intake led to cardiac dilatation, collagen deposition, and autophagosome accumulation, while TPPU administration ameliorated these effects. In vitro, treating primary cardiac fibroblasts (CFs) with EtOH resulted in CF activation, including alpha smooth muscle actin overexpression, collagen synthesis, and cell migration. Moreover, EtOH disturbed CF autophagic flux, as evidenced by the increased LC3 II/I ratio and SQSTM1 expression, and by the enhanced autophagosome accumulation. TPPU treatment prevented the activation of CF induced by EtOH and restored the impaired autophagic flux by suppressing mTOR activation. CONCLUSIONS Taken together, these findings suggest that sEH pharmacological inhibition may be a unique therapeutic strategy for treating EtOH-induced cardiac fibrosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chi Zhou
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College of Huazhong University of Science and Technology, and Hubei Key Laboratory of Genetics and Molecular Mechanisms of Cardiological Disorders, Wuhan, China
| | - Jin Huang
- Division of Hematology, Department of Internal Medicine, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College of Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Qing Li
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College of Huazhong University of Science and Technology, and Hubei Key Laboratory of Genetics and Molecular Mechanisms of Cardiological Disorders, Wuhan, China
| | - Chenao Zhan
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College of Huazhong University of Science and Technology, and Hubei Key Laboratory of Genetics and Molecular Mechanisms of Cardiological Disorders, Wuhan, China
| | - Ying He
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College of Huazhong University of Science and Technology, and Hubei Key Laboratory of Genetics and Molecular Mechanisms of Cardiological Disorders, Wuhan, China
| | - Jinyan Liu
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College of Huazhong University of Science and Technology, and Hubei Key Laboratory of Genetics and Molecular Mechanisms of Cardiological Disorders, Wuhan, China
| | - Zheng Wen
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College of Huazhong University of Science and Technology, and Hubei Key Laboratory of Genetics and Molecular Mechanisms of Cardiological Disorders, Wuhan, China
| | - Dao Wen Wang
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College of Huazhong University of Science and Technology, and Hubei Key Laboratory of Genetics and Molecular Mechanisms of Cardiological Disorders, Wuhan, China
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Cardiomyocyte-specific disruption of Cathepsin K protects against doxorubicin-induced cardiotoxicity. Cell Death Dis 2018; 9:692. [PMID: 29880809 PMCID: PMC5992138 DOI: 10.1038/s41419-018-0727-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/12/2018] [Revised: 05/19/2018] [Accepted: 05/21/2018] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
The lysosomal cysteine protease Cathepsin K is elevated in humans and animal models of heart failure. Our recent studies show that whole-body deletion of Cathepsin K protects mice against cardiac dysfunction. Whether this is attributable to a direct effect on cardiomyocytes or is a consequence of the global metabolic alterations associated with Cathepsin K deletion is unknown. To determine the role of Cathepsin K in cardiomyocytes, we developed a cardiomyocyte-specific Cathepsin K-deficient mouse model and tested the hypothesis that ablation of Cathepsin K in cardiomyocytes would ameliorate the cardiotoxic side-effects of the anticancer drug doxorubicin. We used an α-myosin heavy chain promoter to drive expression of Cre, which resulted in over 80% reduction in protein and mRNA levels of cardiac Cathepsin K at baseline. Four-month-old control (Myh-Cre-; Ctskfl/fl) and Cathepsin K knockout (Myh-Cre+; Ctskfl/fl) mice received intraperitoneal injections of doxorubicin or vehicle, 1 week following which, body and tissue weight, echocardiographic properties, cardiomyocyte contractile function and Ca2+-handling were evaluated. Control mice treated with doxorubicin exhibited a marked increase in cardiac Cathepsin K, which was associated with an impairment in cardiac structure and function, evidenced as an increase in end-systolic and end-diastolic diameters, decreased fractional shortening and wall thickness, disruption in cardiac sarcomere and microfilaments and impaired intracellular Ca2+ homeostasis. In contrast, the aforementioned cardiotoxic effects of doxorubicin were attenuated or reversed in mice lacking cardiac Cathepsin K. Mechanistically, Cathepsin K-deficiency reconciled the disturbance in cardiac energy homeostasis and attenuated NF-κB signaling and apoptosis to ameliorate doxorubicin-induced cardiotoxicity. Cathepsin K may represent a viable drug target to treat cardiac disease.
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21
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Du P, Chang Y, Dai F, Wei C, Zhang Q, Li J. Role of heat shock transcription factor 1(HSF1)-upregulated macrophage in ameliorating pressure overload-induced heart failure in mice. Gene 2018; 667:10-17. [PMID: 29678661 DOI: 10.1016/j.gene.2018.04.042] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/17/2018] [Revised: 04/09/2018] [Accepted: 04/16/2018] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
In order to explore the role of macrophages in HSF1-mediated alleviation of heart failure, mice model of pressure overload-induced heart failure was established using transverse aortic constriction (TAC). Changes in cardiac function and morphology were studied in TAC and SHAM groups using ultrasonic device, tissue staining, electron microscopy, real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction (RT-QPCR), and Western blotting. We found that mice in the TAC group showed evidence of impaired cardiac function and aggravation of fibrosis on ultrasonic and histopathological examination when compared to those in the SHAM group. The expressions of HSF1, LC3II/LC3I, Becline-1 and HIF-1, as well as autophagosome formation in TAC group were greater than that in SHAM group. On sub-group analyses in the TAC group, improved cardiac function and alleviation of fibrosis was observed in the HSF1 TG subgroup as compared to that in the wild type subgroup. Expressions of LC3II/LC3I, Becline-1 and HIF-1, too showed an obvious increase; and increased autophagosome formation was observed on electron microscopy. Opposite results were observed in the HSF1 KO subgroup. These results collectively suggest that in the pressure overload heart failure model, HSF1 promoted formation of macrophages by inducing upregulation of HIF-1 expression, through which heart failure was ameliorated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peizhao Du
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Shanghai East Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200120, China
| | - Yaowei Chang
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Shanghai East Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200120, China
| | - Fangjie Dai
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Shanghai East Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200120, China
| | - Chunyan Wei
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Shanghai East Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200120, China
| | - Qi Zhang
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Shanghai East Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200120, China.
| | - Jiming Li
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Shanghai East Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200120, China.
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22
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Wang S, Ren J. Role of autophagy and regulatory mechanisms in alcoholic cardiomyopathy. Biochim Biophys Acta Mol Basis Dis 2018; 1864:2003-2009. [PMID: 29555210 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbadis.2018.03.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2018] [Revised: 03/11/2018] [Accepted: 03/14/2018] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Alcoholism is accompanied with a high incidence of cardiac morbidity and mortality due to the development of alcoholic cardiomyopathy, manifested as dilation of one or both ventricles, reduced ventricular wall thickness, myofibrillary disarray, interstitial fibrosis, hypertrophy and contractile dysfunction. Several theories have been postulated for the etiology of alcoholic cardiomyopathy including ethanol/acetaldehyde toxicity, mitochondrial production of reactive oxygen species, oxidative injury, apoptosis, impaired myofilament Ca2+ sensitivity and protein synthesis, altered fatty acid extraction and deposition, as well as accelerated protein catabolism. In particular, buildup of long-lived or dysfunctional organelles has been reported to contribute to cardiac structural and functional damage following alcoholism. Removal of cell debris and defective organelles by autophagy is essential to the maintenance of cardiac homeostasis in physiological and pathological conditions. However, insufficient understanding is currently available with regards to the involvement of autophagy in the pathogenesis of alcoholic cardiomyopathy. This review summarizes the recent findings on the pathophysiological role of dysregulated autophagy in one set and development of alcoholic cardiomyopathy. A thorough understanding of how autophagy is affected in alcoholism, and subsequently, contributes to the pathogenesis of alcoholic heart injury, will offer therapeutic guidance towards the management of alcoholic cardiomyopathy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuyi Wang
- Shanghai Institute of Cardiovascular Diseases, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, PR China; Center for Cardiovascular Research and Alternative Medicine, Biomedical Science Graduate Program, University of Wyoming College of Health Sciences, Laramie, WY 82071, USA
| | - Jun Ren
- Shanghai Institute of Cardiovascular Diseases, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, PR China; Center for Cardiovascular Research and Alternative Medicine, Biomedical Science Graduate Program, University of Wyoming College of Health Sciences, Laramie, WY 82071, USA.
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23
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Zhou C, Huang J, Li Q, Zhan C, Xu X, Zhang X, Ai D, Zhu Y, Wen Z, Wang DW. CYP2J2-derived EETs attenuated ethanol-induced myocardial dysfunction through inducing autophagy and reducing apoptosis. Free Radic Biol Med 2018; 117:168-179. [PMID: 29427791 DOI: 10.1016/j.freeradbiomed.2018.02.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2017] [Revised: 01/16/2018] [Accepted: 02/05/2018] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Chronic excessive drinking leads to myocardial contractile dysfunction and dilated cardiomyopathy, where ethanol toxicity plays an essential role. Cytochrome P450 (CYP) epoxygenases metabolize arachidonic acids to form epoxyeicosatrienoic acids (EETs), which exert beneficial roles in the cardiovascular system, but their role in alcoholic cardiomyopathy is elusive. This study was designed to evaluate the effects and mechanisms of CYP2J2 gene delivery on ethanol-induced myocardial dysfunction with focus on autophagy and apoptosis. C57BL/6 J mice were challenged with a 4% Lieber-DeCarli ethanol liquid diet for 8 weeks, before which rAAV9-CYP2J2 was injected via the tail vein. Cardiac function was assessed using echocardiography, hemodynamic measurement, and cardiac histology. The results showed that chronic ethanol intake led to cardiac dilation, contractile dysfunction, cardiomyocyte hypertrophy, oxidative stress, and cardiomyocyte apoptosis, while CYP2J2 overexpression ameliorated these effects. Additionally, chronic ethanol consumption triggered myocardial autophagosome formation, but impaired autophagic flux via disrupting autophagosome-lysosome fusion, as evidenced by increased LC3 II/I, Beclin-1 and SQSTM1 levels, but reduced LAMP-2 expression. Interestingly, rAAV9-CYP2J2 treatment exerted cardioprotection via restoring autophagic flux in the alcoholic myocardium. Similarly, exogenous 11,12-EET addition significantly restored ethanol-induced neonatal rat cardiomyocyte autophagic flux impairment and inhibited apoptosis, both of which were mediated by AMPK/mTOR signaling pathway in vitro. In conclusion, our data suggest that CYP2J2-derived EETs attenuate ethanol-induced myocardial dysfunction through inducing autophagy and reducing apoptosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chi Zhou
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College of Huazhong University of Science and Technology, and Hubei Key Laboratory of Genetics and Molecular Mechanisms of Cardiological Disorders, Wuhan 430030, China
| | - Jin Huang
- Division of Hematology, Department of Internal Medicine, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College of Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430030, China
| | - Qing Li
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College of Huazhong University of Science and Technology, and Hubei Key Laboratory of Genetics and Molecular Mechanisms of Cardiological Disorders, Wuhan 430030, China
| | - Chenao Zhan
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College of Huazhong University of Science and Technology, and Hubei Key Laboratory of Genetics and Molecular Mechanisms of Cardiological Disorders, Wuhan 430030, China
| | - Xizhen Xu
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College of Huazhong University of Science and Technology, and Hubei Key Laboratory of Genetics and Molecular Mechanisms of Cardiological Disorders, Wuhan 430030, China
| | - Xu Zhang
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Metabolic Diseases, Collaborative Innovation Center of Tianjin for Medical Epigenetics, Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin 300070, China
| | - Ding Ai
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Metabolic Diseases, Collaborative Innovation Center of Tianjin for Medical Epigenetics, Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin 300070, China
| | - Yi Zhu
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Metabolic Diseases, Collaborative Innovation Center of Tianjin for Medical Epigenetics, Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin 300070, China
| | - Zheng Wen
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College of Huazhong University of Science and Technology, and Hubei Key Laboratory of Genetics and Molecular Mechanisms of Cardiological Disorders, Wuhan 430030, China.
| | - Dao Wen Wang
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College of Huazhong University of Science and Technology, and Hubei Key Laboratory of Genetics and Molecular Mechanisms of Cardiological Disorders, Wuhan 430030, China.
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24
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Chen Z, Li Y, Wang Y, Qian J, Ma H, Wang X, Jiang G, Liu M, An Y, Ma L, Kang L, Jia J, Yang C, Zhang G, Chen Y, Gao W, Fu M, Huang Z, Tang H, Zhu Y, Ge J, Gong H, Zou Y. Cardiomyocyte-Restricted Low Density Lipoprotein Receptor-Related Protein 6 (LRP6) Deletion Leads to Lethal Dilated Cardiomyopathy Partly Through Drp1 Signaling. Am J Cancer Res 2018; 8:627-643. [PMID: 29344294 PMCID: PMC5771081 DOI: 10.7150/thno.22177] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2017] [Accepted: 10/14/2017] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Low density lipoprotein receptor-related protein 6 (LRP6), a wnt co-receptor, regulates multiple functions in various organs. However, the roles of LRP6 in the adult heart are not well understood. Methods: We observed LRP6 expression in heart with end-stage dilated cardiomyopathy (DCM) by western blot. Tamoxifen-inducible cardiac-specific LRP6 knockout mouse was constructed. Hemodynamic and echocardiographic analyses were performed to these mice. Results: Cardiac LRP6 expression was dramatically decreased in patients with end-stage dilated cardiomyopathy (DCM) compared to control group. Tamoxifen-inducible cardiac-specific LRP6 knockout mice developed acute heart failure and mitochondrial dysfunction with reduced survival. Proteomic analysis suggests the fatty acid metabolism disorder involving peroxisome proliferator-activated receptors (PPARs) signaling in the LRP6 deficient heart. Accumulation of mitochondrial targeting to autophagosomes and lipid droplet were observed in LRP6 deletion hearts. Further analysis revealed cardiac LRP6 deletion suppressed autophagic degradation and fatty acid utilization, coinciding with activation of dynamin-related protein 1 (Drp1) and downregulation of nuclear TFEB (Transcription factor EB). Injection of Mdivi-1, a Drp1 inhibitor, not only promoted nuclear translocation of TFEB, but also partially rescued autophagic degradation, improved PPARs signaling, and attenuated cardiac dysfunction induced by cardiac specific LRP6 deletion. Conclusions: Cardiac LRP6 deficiency greatly suppressed autophagic degradation and fatty acid utilization, and subsequently leads to lethal dilated cardiomyopathy and cardiac dysfunction through activation of Drp1 signaling. It suggests that heart failure progression may be attenuated by therapeutic modulation of LRP6 expression.
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Guo R, Hua Y, Rogers O, Brown TE, Ren J, Nair S. Cathepsin K knockout protects against cardiac dysfunction in diabetic mice. Sci Rep 2017; 7:8703. [PMID: 28821796 PMCID: PMC5562704 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-017-09037-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/10/2017] [Accepted: 07/14/2017] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Diabetes is a major risk factor for cardiovascular disease and the lysosomal cysteine protease cathepsin K plays a critical role in cardiac pathophysiology. To expand upon our previous findings, we tested the hypothesis that, knockout of cathepsin K protects against diabetes-associated cardiac anomalies. Wild-type and cathepsin K knockout mice were rendered diabetic by streptozotocin (STZ) injections. Body weight, organ mass, fasting blood glucose, energy expenditure, cardiac geometry and function, cardiac histomorphology, glutathione levels and protein levels of cathepsin K and those associated with Ca2+ handling, calcineurin/NFAT signaling, insulin signaling, cardiac apoptosis and fibrosis were determined. STZ-induced diabetic mice exhibited distinct cardiac dysfunction, dampened intracellular calcium handling, alterations in cardiac morphology, and elevated cardiomyocyte apoptosis, which were mitigated in the cathepsin K knockout mice. Additionally, cathepsin K knockout mice attenuated cardiac oxidative stress and calcineurin/NFAT signaling in diabetic mice. In cultured H9c2 myoblasts, pharmacological inhibition of cathepsin K, or treatment with calcineurin inhibitor rescued cells from high-glucose triggered oxidative stress and apoptosis. Therefore, cathepsin K may represent a potential target in treating diabetes-associated cardiac dysfunction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rui Guo
- School of Pharmacy, College of Health Sciences and the Center for Cardiovascular Research and Alternative Medicine, University of Wyoming, WY, 82071, USA
| | - Yinan Hua
- School of Pharmacy, College of Health Sciences and the Center for Cardiovascular Research and Alternative Medicine, University of Wyoming, WY, 82071, USA
| | - Olivia Rogers
- School of Pharmacy, College of Health Sciences and the Center for Cardiovascular Research and Alternative Medicine, University of Wyoming, WY, 82071, USA
| | - Travis E Brown
- School of Pharmacy, College of Health Sciences and the Center for Cardiovascular Research and Alternative Medicine, University of Wyoming, WY, 82071, USA
| | - Jun Ren
- School of Pharmacy, College of Health Sciences and the Center for Cardiovascular Research and Alternative Medicine, University of Wyoming, WY, 82071, USA
| | - Sreejayan Nair
- School of Pharmacy, College of Health Sciences and the Center for Cardiovascular Research and Alternative Medicine, University of Wyoming, WY, 82071, USA.
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26
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Wang GY, Bi YG, Liu XD, Han JF, Wei M, Zhang QY. Upregulation of connexin 43 and apoptosis‑associated protein expression by high glucose in H9c2 cells was improved by resveratrol via the autophagy signaling pathway. Mol Med Rep 2017; 16:3262-3268. [PMID: 28713934 PMCID: PMC5547968 DOI: 10.3892/mmr.2017.6953] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/22/2016] [Accepted: 05/05/2017] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
The expression of connexin43 (Cx43) protein and the apoptotic rate of cardiomyocytes may be regulated by autophagy and associated with diabetic cardiomyopathy. It is possible that the beneficial effect of resveratrol on diabetic cardiomyocytes occurs via the autophagy pathway. However, it remains to be elucidated whether resveratrol treatment may attenuate the hyperglycemia-induced remodeling of Cx43 and apoptosis through the regulation of autophagy. H9c2 cardiac cells were incubated with 5.5 and 25 mM glucose, 25 mM glucose with chloroquine (50 µM), and 25 mM glucose with or without resveratrol (10, 25 µM) for 24 h. H9c2 cells were also incubated with 25 µM resveratrol in the presence of chloroquine (50 µM). Cell viability was determined using an MTT cell survival assay. Cytotoxicity was determined by quantification of the release of lactate dehydrogenase. The expression of Cx43, autophagic maker proteins [Beclin-1, p62 and microtubule-associated protein 1 light chain 3 (LC3)], apoptosis maker proteins (B-cell lymphoma-2 and Bcl-2 associated X protein), AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK) and mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) were determined using western blotting. Resveratrol treatment led to reduced Cx43 expression levels compared with the 25 mM glucose treatment and significantly reduced the expression of apoptosis-associated proteins in H9c2 cells under hyperglycemic conditions. Autophagy was increased as indicated by the upregulation of Beclin-1 and p62 expression and the reduced LC3-II/LC3-I ratio. AMPK expression was increased, whereas mTOR expression was reduced in the resveratrol treatment groups. Treatment with chloroquine reversed effect of resveratrol. In conclusion, administration resveratrol may protect H9c2 cells against hyperglycemia-induced Cx43 upregulation and apoptosis, which may be mediated through the induction of the autophagy signaling pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guang-Yu Wang
- Department of Cardiology, Shanghai Sixth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200233, P.R. China
| | - Ya-Guang Bi
- Department of Cardiology, Shanghai Sixth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200233, P.R. China
| | - Xiang-Dong Liu
- Department of Cardiology, Shanghai Sixth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200233, P.R. China
| | - Jun-Feng Han
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Shanghai Sixth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200233, P.R. China
| | - Meng Wei
- Department of Cardiology, Shanghai Sixth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200233, P.R. China
| | - Qing-Yong Zhang
- Department of Cardiology, Shanghai Sixth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200233, P.R. China
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27
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Steiner JL, Lang CH. Alcoholic Cardiomyopathy: Disrupted Protein Balance and Impaired Cardiomyocyte Contractility. Alcohol Clin Exp Res 2017; 41:1392-1401. [PMID: 28425109 DOI: 10.1111/acer.13405] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/02/2017] [Accepted: 04/12/2017] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
Alcoholic cardiomyopathy (ACM) can develop after consumption of relatively large amounts of alcohol over time or from acute binge drinking. Of the many factors implicated in the etiology of ACM, chronic perturbation in protein balance has been strongly implicated. This review focused on recent contributions (since 2010) in the area of protein metabolism and cardiac function related to ACM. Data reviewed include that from in vitro and preclinical in vivo animal studies where alcohol or an oxidative metabolite was studied and outcome measures in either cardiomyocytes or whole heart pertaining to protein synthesis or degradation were reported. Additionally, studies on the contractile properties of cardiomyocytes were also included to link signal transduction with function. Methodological differences including the potential impact of sex, dosing, and duration/timing of alcohol administration are addressed. Acute and chronic alcohol consumption decreases cardiac protein synthesis and/or activation of proteins within the regulatory mammalian/mechanistic target of rapamycin complex pathway. Albeit limited, evidence suggests that myocardial protein degradation via the ubiquitin pathway is not altered, while autophagy may be enhanced in ACM. Alcohol impairs ex vivo cardiomyocyte contractility in relation to its metabolism and expression of proteins within the growth factor pathway. Dysregulation of protein metabolism, including the rate of protein synthesis and autophagy, may contribute to contractile deficits and is a hallmark feature of ACM meriting additional sex-inclusive, methodologically consistent studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jennifer L Steiner
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Physiology, Penn State College of Medicine, Hershey, Pennsylvania
| | - Charles H Lang
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Physiology, Penn State College of Medicine, Hershey, Pennsylvania
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28
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Zhu Z, Huang Y, Lv L, Tao Y, Shao M, Zhao C, Xue M, Sun J, Niu C, Wang Y, Kim S, Cong W, Mao W, Jin L. Acute ethanol exposure-induced autophagy-mediated cardiac injury via activation of the ROS-JNK-Bcl-2 pathway. J Cell Physiol 2017; 233:924-935. [PMID: 28369910 DOI: 10.1002/jcp.25934] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2017] [Accepted: 03/24/2017] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
Binge drinking is associated with increased cardiac autophagy, and often triggers heart injury. Given the essential role of autophagy in various cardiac diseases, this study was designed to investigate the role of autophagy in ethanol-induced cardiac injury and the underlying mechanism. Our study showed that ethanol exposure enhanced the levels of LC3-II and LC3-II positive puncta and promoted cardiomyocyte apoptosis in vivo and in vitro. In addition, we found that ethanol induced autophagy and cardiac injury largely via the sequential triggering of reactive oxygen species (ROS) accumulation, activation of c-Jun NH2-terminal kinase (JNK), phosphorylation of Bcl-2, and dissociation of the Beclin 1/Bcl-2 complex. By contrast, inhibition of ethanol-induced autophagic flux with pharmacologic agents in the hearts of mice and cultured cells significantly alleviated ethanol-induced cardiomyocyte apoptosis and heart injury. Elimination of ROS with the antioxidant N-acetyl cysteine (NAC) or inhibition of JNK with the JNK inhibitor SP600125 reduced ethanol-induced autophagy and subsequent autophagy-mediated apoptosis. Moreover, metallothionein (MT), which can scavenge reactive oxygen and nitrogen species, also attenuated ethanol-induced autophagy and cell apoptosis in MT-TG mice. In conclusion, our findings suggest that acute ethanol exposure induced autophagy-mediated heart toxicity and injury mainly through the ROS-JNK-Bcl-2 signaling pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhongxin Zhu
- School of Pharmaceutical Science, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, P. R. China
| | - Yewei Huang
- School of Pharmaceutical Science, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, P. R. China
| | - Lingchun Lv
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, First Clinical Medical School of Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, P. R. China.,Department of Cardiology, Lishui Central Hospital and the Fifth Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Lishui, P. R. China
| | - Youli Tao
- School of Pharmaceutical Science, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, P. R. China
| | - Minglong Shao
- School of Pharmaceutical Science, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, P. R. China
| | - Congcong Zhao
- School of Pharmaceutical Science, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, P. R. China
| | - Mei Xue
- School of Pharmaceutical Science, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, P. R. China
| | - Jia Sun
- School of Pharmaceutical Science, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, P. R. China
| | - Chao Niu
- School of Pharmaceutical Science, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, P. R. China
| | - Yang Wang
- Department of Histology and Embryology, Institute of neuroscience, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, P. R. China
| | - Sunam Kim
- Natural Products Research Institute, Korea Institute of Science and Technology, Gangneung, Korea
| | - Weitao Cong
- School of Pharmaceutical Science, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, P. R. China
| | - Wei Mao
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, First Clinical Medical School of Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, P. R. China
| | - Litai Jin
- School of Pharmaceutical Science, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, P. R. China
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29
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Hong-Brown LQ, Brown CR, Navaratnarajah M, Lang CH. FoxO1-AMPK-ULK1 Regulates Ethanol-Induced Autophagy in Muscle by Enhanced ATG14 Association with the BECN1-PIK3C3 Complex. Alcohol Clin Exp Res 2017; 41:895-910. [PMID: 28299793 PMCID: PMC5404978 DOI: 10.1111/acer.13377] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/11/2016] [Accepted: 03/10/2017] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Excessive alcohol (EtOH) consumption causes an imbalance in protein metabolism. EtOH impairs protein synthesis in C2C12 myoblasts via a FoxO1-AMPK-TSC2-mTORC1 pathway and also induces protein degradation. As the underlying regulatory signaling cascades for these processes are currently poorly defined, we tested the hypothesis that alcohol-induced autophagy is mediated via activation of the PIK3C3 complex that is regulated by FoxO1-AMPK. METHODS C2C12 myoblasts were incubated with EtOH for various periods of time, and autophagy pathway-related proteins were assessed by Western blotting and immunoprecipitation. Expression of targeted genes was suppressed using electroporation of specific siRNAs and chemical inhibitors. RESULTS Incubation of C2C12 myoblasts with 100 mM EtOH increased the autophagy markers LC3B-II and ATG7, whereas levels of SQSTM1/p62 decreased. The lysosomal inhibitor bafilomycin A1 caused a similar response, although there was no additive effect when combined with EtOH. EtOH altered ULK1 S555 and S757 phosphorylation in a time- and AMPK-dependent manner. The activation of AMPK and ULK1 was associated with increased BECN1 (S93, S14) and PIK3C3/VPS34 (S164) phosphorylation as well as increased total ATG14 and PIK3C3. These changes promoted formation of the ATG14-AMBRA1-BECN1-PIK3C3 proautophagy complex that is important in autophagosome formation. EtOH-induced changes were not associated with increased production of PtdIns3P, which may be due to enhanced PIK3C3 complex binding with 14-3-3θ. Reduction of AMPK using siRNA suppressed the stimulatory effect of EtOH on BECN1 S93, BECN1 S14, and PIK3C3 S164 phosphorylation in a time-dependent manner. Likewise, knockdown of AMPK or chemical inhibition of FoxO1 attenuated phosphorylation of ULK1 at both residues. Knockdown of ULK1 or BECN1 antagonized the effect of EtOH on LC3B-II, SQSTM1, and ATG7 protein expression. CONCLUSIONS EtOH-induced autophagy is mediated through changes in phosphorylation and interaction of various PIK3C3 complex components. This, in turn, is regulated either directly via FoxO1-AMPK or indirectly via the FoxO1-AMPK-ULK1 signaling cascade in a mTORC1-independent or mTORC1-dependent manner.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ly Q. Hong-Brown
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Physiology, Penn State College of Medicine, Hershey, PA 17033
| | - C. Randell Brown
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Physiology, Penn State College of Medicine, Hershey, PA 17033
| | - Maithili Navaratnarajah
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Physiology, Penn State College of Medicine, Hershey, PA 17033
| | - Charles H. Lang
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Physiology, Penn State College of Medicine, Hershey, PA 17033
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30
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Li T, Jiang S, Yang Z, Ma Z, Yi W, Wang D, Yang Y. Targeting the energy guardian AMPK: another avenue for treating cardiomyopathy? Cell Mol Life Sci 2017; 74:1413-1429. [PMID: 27815596 PMCID: PMC11107559 DOI: 10.1007/s00018-016-2407-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/02/2016] [Revised: 10/25/2016] [Accepted: 11/01/2016] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
5'-AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK) is a pivotal regulator of endogenous defensive molecules in various pathological processes. The AMPK signaling regulates a variety of intracellular intermedial molecules involved in biological reactions, including glycogen metabolism, protein synthesis, and cardiac fibrosis, in response to hypertrophic stimuli. Studies have revealed that the activation of AMPK performs a protective role in cardiovascular diseases, whereas its function in cardiac hypertrophy and cardiomyopathy remains elusive and poorly understood. In view of the current evidence of AMPK, we introduce the biological information of AMPK and cardiac hypertrophy as well as some upstream activators of AMPK. Next, we discuss two important types of cardiomyopathy involving AMPK, RKAG2 cardiomyopathy, and hypertrophic cardiomyopathy. Eventually, therapeutic research, genetic screening, conflicts, obstacles, challenges, and potential directions are also highlighted in this review, aimed at providing a comprehensive understanding of AMPK for readers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tian Li
- Department of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery, Affiliated Drum Tower Hospital of Nanjing University Medical School, 321 Zhongshan Road, Nanjing, 210008, Jiangsu, China
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, The Fourth Military Medical University, 169 Changle West Road, Xi'an, 710032, China
| | - Shuai Jiang
- Department of Aerospace Medicine, The Fourth Military Medical University, 169 Changle West Road, Xi'an, 710032, China
| | - Zhi Yang
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, The Fourth Military Medical University, 169 Changle West Road, Xi'an, 710032, China
| | - Zhiqiang Ma
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Tangdu Hospital, The Fourth Military Medical University, 1 Xinsi Road, Xi'an, 710038, China
| | - Wei Yi
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Xijing Hospital, The Fourth Military Medical University, 127 Changle West Road, Xi'an, 710038, China
| | - Dongjin Wang
- Department of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery, Affiliated Drum Tower Hospital of Nanjing University Medical School, 321 Zhongshan Road, Nanjing, 210008, Jiangsu, China.
| | - Yang Yang
- Department of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery, Affiliated Drum Tower Hospital of Nanjing University Medical School, 321 Zhongshan Road, Nanjing, 210008, Jiangsu, China.
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, The Fourth Military Medical University, 169 Changle West Road, Xi'an, 710032, China.
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Wang B, Zeng H, Wen Z, Chen C, Wang DW. CYP2J2 and its metabolites (epoxyeicosatrienoic acids) attenuate cardiac hypertrophy by activating AMPKα2 and enhancing nuclear translocation of Akt1. Aging Cell 2016; 15:940-52. [PMID: 27416746 PMCID: PMC5013012 DOI: 10.1111/acel.12507] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 06/12/2016] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Cytochrome P450 epoyxgenase 2J2 and epoxyeicosatrienoic acids (EETs) are known to protect against cardiac hypertrophy and heart failure, which involve the activation of 5′‐AMP‐activated protein kinase (AMPK) and Akt. Although the functional roles of AMPK and Akt are well established, the significance of cross talk between them in the development of cardiac hypertrophy and antihypertrophy of CYP2J2 and EETs remains unclear. We investigated whether CYP2J2 and its metabolites EETs protected against cardiac hypertrophy by activating AMPKα2 and Akt1. Moreover, we tested whether EETs enhanced cross talk between AMPKα2 and phosphorylated Akt1 (p‐Akt1), and stimulated nuclear translocation of p‐Akt1, to exert their antihypertrophic effects. AMPKα2−/− mice that overexpressed CYP2J2 in heart were treated with Ang II for 2 weeks. Interestingly, overexpression of CYP2J2 suppressed cardiac hypertrophy and increased levels of atrial natriuretic peptide (ANP) in the heart tissue and plasma of wild‐type mice but not AMPKα2−/− mice. The CYP2J2 metabolites, 11,12‐EET, activated AMPKα2 to induce nuclear translocation of p‐Akt1 selectively, which increased the production of ANP and therefore inhibited the development of cardiac hypertrophy. Furthermore, by co‐immunoprecipitation analysis, we found that AMPKα2β2γ1 and p‐Akt1 interact through the direct binding of the AMPKγ1 subunit to the Akt1 protein kinase domain. This interaction was enhanced by 11,12‐EET. Our studies reveal a novel mechanism in which CYP2J2 and EETs enhanced Akt1 nuclear translocation through interaction with AMPKα2β2γ1 and protect against cardiac hypertrophy and suggest that overexpression of CYP2J2 might have clinical potential to suppress cardiac hypertrophy and heart failure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bei Wang
- Division of Cardiology Department of Internal Medicine Tongji Hospital Tongji Medical College Huazhong University of Science and Technology Wuhan 430030 China
| | - Hesong Zeng
- Division of Cardiology Department of Internal Medicine Tongji Hospital Tongji Medical College Huazhong University of Science and Technology Wuhan 430030 China
| | - Zheng Wen
- Division of Cardiology Department of Internal Medicine Tongji Hospital Tongji Medical College Huazhong University of Science and Technology Wuhan 430030 China
| | - Chen Chen
- Division of Cardiology Department of Internal Medicine Tongji Hospital Tongji Medical College Huazhong University of Science and Technology Wuhan 430030 China
| | - Dao Wen Wang
- Division of Cardiology Department of Internal Medicine Tongji Hospital Tongji Medical College Huazhong University of Science and Technology Wuhan 430030 China
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Wang S, Zhu X, Xiong L, Zhang Y, Ren J. Toll-like receptor 4 knockout alleviates paraquat-induced cardiomyocyte contractile dysfunction through an autophagy-dependent mechanism. Toxicol Lett 2016; 257:11-22. [DOI: 10.1016/j.toxlet.2016.05.024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/17/2015] [Revised: 05/02/2016] [Accepted: 05/27/2016] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
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Geng FH, Li GH, Zhang X, Zhang P, Dong MQ, Zhao ZJ, Zhang Y, Dong L, Gao F. Berberine improves mesenteric artery insulin sensitivity through up-regulating insulin receptor-mediated signalling in diabetic rats. Br J Pharmacol 2016; 173:1569-79. [PMID: 26914282 DOI: 10.1111/bph.13466] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/11/2014] [Revised: 01/25/2016] [Accepted: 02/11/2016] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE Berberine, a small molecule derived from Coptidis rhizome, has been found to be potent at lowering blood glucose and regulating lipid metabolism. Recent clinical studies have shown that berberine reduces blood pressure and increases systemic insulin sensitivity in patients with metabolic syndrome; however, the underlying mechanism is still unclear. Here, we investigated the mechanism by which berberine improves vascular insulin sensitivity in diabetic rats. EXPERIMENTAL APPROACH Diabetes was induced in male Sprague–Dawley rats by feeding a high-fat diet and administration of a low dose of streptozotocin. These diabetic rats were treated with berberine (200 mg·kg(−1)·day(−1), gavage) for 4 weeks. Vascular dilation was determined in isolated mesenteric artery rings. Effects of berberine on insulin signalling were also studied in human artery endothelial cells cultured in high glucose (25 mmol·L(−1)) and palmitate (500 μmol·L(−1)). KEY RESULTS Berberine treatment for 4 weeks significantly restored the impaired ACh- and insulin-induced vasodilatation of mesenteric arteries from diabetic rats. In isolated mesenteric artery rings, berberine (2.5–10 μmol·L(−1)) elicited dose-dependent vasodilatation and significantly enhanced insulin-induced vasodilatation. Mechanistically, berberine up-regulated phosphorylation of the insulin receptor and its downstream signalling molecules AMPK, Akt and eNOS, and increased cell viability and autophagy in cultured endothelial cells. Moreover, down-regulating insulin receptors with specific siRNA significantly attenuated berberine-induced phosphorylation of AMPK. CONCLUSIONS AND IMPLICATIONS Berberine improves diabetic vascular insulin sensitivity and mesenteric vasodilatation by up-regulating insulin receptor-mediated signalling in diabetic rats. These findings suggest berberine has potential as a preventive or adjunctive treatment of diabetic vascular complications. LINKED ARTICLES This article is part of a themed section on Chinese Innovation in Cardiovascular Drug Discovery. To view the other articles in this section visit http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/bph.2015.172.issue-23.
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Affiliation(s)
- Feng-Hao Geng
- School of Aerospace Medicine, The Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, China
| | - Guo-Hua Li
- School of Aerospace Medicine, The Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, China
| | - Xing Zhang
- School of Aerospace Medicine, The Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, China
| | - Peng Zhang
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Urumqi General Hospital, Urumqi, China
| | - Ming-Qing Dong
- Department of Pathophysiology, The Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, China
| | - Zhi-Jing Zhao
- Department of Cardiology, Xijing Hospital, The Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, China
| | - Yuan Zhang
- School of Aerospace Medicine, The Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, China
| | - Ling Dong
- School of Aerospace Medicine, The Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, China
| | - Feng Gao
- School of Aerospace Medicine, The Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, China.,Department of Cardiology, Xijing Hospital, The Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, China
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34
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Geng FH, Li GH, Zhang X, Zhang P, Dong MQ, Zhao ZJ, Zhang Y, Dong L, Gao F. Berberine improves mesenteric artery insulin sensitivity through up-regulating insulin receptor-mediated signalling in diabetic rats. Br J Pharmacol 2016. [PMID: 26914282 DOI: 10.1111/bph.2015.172.issue-23] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE Berberine, a small molecule derived from Coptidis rhizome, has been found to be potent at lowering blood glucose and regulating lipid metabolism. Recent clinical studies have shown that berberine reduces blood pressure and increases systemic insulin sensitivity in patients with metabolic syndrome; however, the underlying mechanism is still unclear. Here, we investigated the mechanism by which berberine improves vascular insulin sensitivity in diabetic rats. EXPERIMENTAL APPROACH Diabetes was induced in male Sprague–Dawley rats by feeding a high-fat diet and administration of a low dose of streptozotocin. These diabetic rats were treated with berberine (200 mg·kg(−1)·day(−1), gavage) for 4 weeks. Vascular dilation was determined in isolated mesenteric artery rings. Effects of berberine on insulin signalling were also studied in human artery endothelial cells cultured in high glucose (25 mmol·L(−1)) and palmitate (500 μmol·L(−1)). KEY RESULTS Berberine treatment for 4 weeks significantly restored the impaired ACh- and insulin-induced vasodilatation of mesenteric arteries from diabetic rats. In isolated mesenteric artery rings, berberine (2.5–10 μmol·L(−1)) elicited dose-dependent vasodilatation and significantly enhanced insulin-induced vasodilatation. Mechanistically, berberine up-regulated phosphorylation of the insulin receptor and its downstream signalling molecules AMPK, Akt and eNOS, and increased cell viability and autophagy in cultured endothelial cells. Moreover, down-regulating insulin receptors with specific siRNA significantly attenuated berberine-induced phosphorylation of AMPK. CONCLUSIONS AND IMPLICATIONS Berberine improves diabetic vascular insulin sensitivity and mesenteric vasodilatation by up-regulating insulin receptor-mediated signalling in diabetic rats. These findings suggest berberine has potential as a preventive or adjunctive treatment of diabetic vascular complications. LINKED ARTICLES This article is part of a themed section on Chinese Innovation in Cardiovascular Drug Discovery. To view the other articles in this section visit http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/bph.2015.172.issue-23.
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Affiliation(s)
- Feng-Hao Geng
- School of Aerospace Medicine, The Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, China
| | - Guo-Hua Li
- School of Aerospace Medicine, The Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, China
| | - Xing Zhang
- School of Aerospace Medicine, The Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, China
| | - Peng Zhang
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Urumqi General Hospital, Urumqi, China
| | - Ming-Qing Dong
- Department of Pathophysiology, The Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, China
| | - Zhi-Jing Zhao
- Department of Cardiology, Xijing Hospital, The Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, China
| | - Yuan Zhang
- School of Aerospace Medicine, The Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, China
| | - Ling Dong
- School of Aerospace Medicine, The Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, China
| | - Feng Gao
- School of Aerospace Medicine, The Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, China.,Department of Cardiology, Xijing Hospital, The Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, China
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Ren J, Xu X, Wang Q, Ren SY, Dong M, Zhang Y. Permissive role of AMPK and autophagy in adiponectin deficiency-accentuated myocardial injury and inflammation in endotoxemia. J Mol Cell Cardiol 2016; 93:18-31. [PMID: 26906634 DOI: 10.1016/j.yjmcc.2016.02.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2015] [Revised: 01/30/2016] [Accepted: 02/01/2016] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Adiponectin (APN), an adipose-derived adipokine, alleviates lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced injury in multiple organs including hearts although the underlying mechanism in endotoxemia remains elusive. This study was designed to examine the role of adiponectin in LPS-induced cardiac anomalies and inflammation as well as the underlying mechanism with a focus on autophagy - a conserved machinery for bulk degradation of intracellular components. METHODS AND RESULTS Wild-type (WT) and APN(-/-) mice were challenged with LPS (4mg/kg) or saline for 6h. Echocardiography, cardiomyocyte contractile and intracellular Ca(2+) properties were evaluated. Markers of autophagy, apoptosis and inflammation including LC3B, p62, Beclin1, AMPK, mTOR, ULK, Caspase 3, Bcl-2, Bax, TLR4, TRAF6, MyD88, IL-1B, TNFα, HMGB1, JNK and IκB were examined using Western blot or RT-PCR. Our results showed that LPS challenge reduced fractional shortening, compromised cardiomyocyte contractile capacity, intracellular Ca(2+) handling properties, apoptosis and inflammation, which were accentuated by adiponectin ablation. Adiponectin ablation unmasked the LPS-induced cardiac remodeling (left ventricular end systolic diameter) and prolongation of cell shortening. The detrimental effects of adiponectin ablation were associated with dampened autophagy in response to LPS through an AMPK-mTOR-ULK1-dependent mechanism. In vivo administration of AMPK activator AICAR or the autophagy inducer rapamycin effectively attenuated or obliterated LPS-induced and adiponectin deficiency-accentuated responses without affecting TLR4, TRAF6 and MyD88. CONCLUSIONS The findings suggest that AMPK and autophagy may play a permissive role in the adiponectin deficiency-exacerbated cardiac dysfunction, apoptosis and inflammation under LPS challenge possibly at the post-TLR4 receptor level.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jun Ren
- Shanghai Institute of Cardiovascular Diseases, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China; Center for Cardiovascular Research and Alternative Medicine, University of Wyoming College of Health Sciences, Laramie, WY 82071, USA.
| | - Xihui Xu
- Center for Cardiovascular Research and Alternative Medicine, University of Wyoming College of Health Sciences, Laramie, WY 82071, USA
| | - Qiurong Wang
- Center for Cardiovascular Research and Alternative Medicine, University of Wyoming College of Health Sciences, Laramie, WY 82071, USA
| | - Sidney Y Ren
- Center for Cardiovascular Research and Alternative Medicine, University of Wyoming College of Health Sciences, Laramie, WY 82071, USA
| | - Maolong Dong
- Center for Cardiovascular Research and Alternative Medicine, University of Wyoming College of Health Sciences, Laramie, WY 82071, USA; Department of Burn and Cutaneous Surgery, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an 710032, China
| | - Yingmei Zhang
- Shanghai Institute of Cardiovascular Diseases, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China; Center for Cardiovascular Research and Alternative Medicine, University of Wyoming College of Health Sciences, Laramie, WY 82071, USA.
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Alcohol Dehydrogenase Protects against Endoplasmic Reticulum Stress-Induced Myocardial Contractile Dysfunction via Attenuation of Oxidative Stress and Autophagy: Role of PTEN-Akt-mTOR Signaling. PLoS One 2016; 11:e0147322. [PMID: 26807981 PMCID: PMC4726758 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0147322] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2015] [Accepted: 12/31/2015] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Background The endoplasmic reticulum (ER) plays an essential role in ensuring proper folding of the newly synthesized proteins. Aberrant ER homeostasis triggers ER stress and development of cardiovascular diseases. ADH is involved in catalyzing ethanol to acetaldehyde although its role in cardiovascular diseases other than ethanol metabolism still remains elusive. This study was designed to examine the impact of ADH on ER stress-induced cardiac anomalies and underlying mechanisms involved using cardiac-specific overexpression of alcohol dehydrogenase (ADH). Methods ADH and wild-type FVB mice were subjected to the ER stress inducer tunicamycin (1 mg/kg, i.p., for 48 hrs). Myocardial mechanical and intracellular Ca2+ properties, ER stress, autophagy and associated cell signaling molecules were evaluated. Results ER stress compromised cardiac contractile function (evidenced as reduced fractional shortening, peak shortening, maximal velocity of shortening/relengthening, prolonged relengthening duration and impaired intracellular Ca2+ homeostasis), oxidative stress and upregulated autophagy (increased LC3B, Atg5, Atg7 and p62), along with dephosphorylation of PTEN, Akt and mTOR, all of which were attenuated by ADH. In vitro study revealed that ER stress-induced cardiomyocyte anomaly was abrogated by ADH overexpression or autophagy inhibition using 3-MA. Interestingly, the beneficial effect of ADH was obliterated by autophagy induction, inhibition of Akt and mTOR. ER stress also promoted phosphorylation of the stress signaling ERK and JNK, the effect of which was unaffected by ADH transgene. Conclusions Taken together, these findings suggested that ADH protects against ER stress-induced cardiac anomalies possibly via attenuation of oxidative stress and PTEN/Akt/mTOR pathway-regulated autophagy.
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Abstract
Excessive ethanol exposure is detrimental to the brain. The developing brain is particularly vulnerable to ethanol such that prenatal ethanol exposure causes fetal alcohol spectrum disorders (FASD). Neuronal loss in the brain is the most devastating consequence and is associated with mental retardation and other behavioral deficits observed in FASD. Since alcohol consumption during pregnancy has not declined, it is imperative to elucidate the underlying mechanisms and develop effective therapeutic strategies. One cellular mechanism that acts as a protective response for the central nervous system (CNS) is autophagy. Autophagy regulates lysosomal turnover of organelles and proteins within cells, and is involved in cell differentiation, survival, metabolism, and immunity. We have recently shown that ethanol activates autophagy in the developing brain. The autophagic preconditioning alleviates ethanol-induced neuron apoptosis, whereas inhibition of autophagy potentiates ethanol-stimulated reactive oxygen species (ROS) and exacerbates ethanol-induced neuroapoptosis. The expression of genes encoding proteins required for autophagy in the CNS is developmentally regulated; their levels are much lower during an ethanol-sensitive period than during an ethanol-resistant period. Ethanol may stimulate autophagy through multiple mechanisms; these include induction of oxidative stress and endoplasmic reticulum stress, modulation of MTOR and AMPK signaling, alterations in BCL2 family proteins, and disruption of intracellular calcium (Ca2+) homeostasis. This review discusses the most recent evidence regarding the involvement of autophagy in ethanol-mediated neurotoxicity as well as the potential therapeutic approach of targeting autophagic pathways.
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Key Words
- AD, Alzheimer disease
- ALS, autophagy-lysosome system
- AMPK, adenosine 5′-monophosphate-activated protein kinase;
- ATG, autophagy-related
- CNS, central nervous system
- ER, endoplasmic reticulum
- FASD, fetal alcohol spectrum disorders
- FOXO3, forkhead box O3
- GSK3B, glycogen synthase kinase 3 β
- HD, Huntington disease, HNSCs, hippocampal neural stem cells
- LC3, microtubule-associated protein 1 light chain 3
- MTOR, mechanistic target of rapamycin (serine/threonine kinase)
- MTORC1, MTOR complex 1
- NFE2L2, nuclear factor, erythroid 2-like 2
- NOX, NADPH oxidase
- PD, Parkinson disease
- PI3K, class I phosphoinositide 3-kinase
- ROS, reactive oxygen species
- SQSTM1/p62, sequestosome 1
- TSC1/2, tuberous sclerosis 1/ 2
- UPR, unfolded protein response
- alcohol
- alcoholism
- development
- fetal alcohol spectrum disorders
- neurodegeneration
- oxidative stress
- protein degradation
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Affiliation(s)
- Jia Luo
- a Department of Pharmacology and Nutritional Sciences ; University of Kentucky College of Medicine ; Lexington , KY USA
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Sciarretta S, Boppana VS, Umapathi M, Frati G, Sadoshima J. Boosting autophagy in the diabetic heart: a translational perspective. Cardiovasc Diagn Ther 2015; 5:394-402. [PMID: 26543826 DOI: 10.3978/j.issn.2223-3652.2015.07.02] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
Diabetes, obesity, and dyslipidemia are main risk factors that promote the development of cardiovascular diseases. These metabolic abnormalities are frequently found to be associated together in a highly morbid clinical condition called metabolic syndrome. Metabolic derangements promote endothelial dysfunction, atherosclerotic plaque formation and rupture, cardiac remodeling and dysfunction. This evidence strongly encourages the elucidation of the mechanisms through which obesity, diabetes, and metabolic syndrome induce cellular abnormalities and dysfunction in order to discover new therapeutic targets and strategies for their prevention and treatment. Numerous studies employing both dietary and genetic animal models of obesity and diabetes have demonstrated that autophagy, an intracellular system for protein degradation, is impaired in the heart under these conditions. This suggests that autophagy reactivation may represent a future potential therapeutic intervention to reduce cardiac maladaptive alterations in patients with metabolic derangements. In fact, autophagy is a critical mechanism to preserve cellular homeostasis and survival. In addition, the physiological activation of autophagy protects the heart during stress, such as acute ischemia, starvation, chronic myocardial infarction, pressure overload, and proteotoxic stress. All these aspects will be discussed in our review article together with the potential ways to reactivate autophagy in the context of obesity, metabolic syndrome, and diabetes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sebastiano Sciarretta
- 1 Cardiovascular Research Institute, Department of Cell Biology and Molecular Medicine, Rutgers New Jersey Medical School, Newark, New Jersey 07103, USA ; 2 IRCCS Neuromed, Pozzilli (IS) 86077, Italy ; 3 Department of Medical-Surgical Sciences and Biotechnologies, University of Rome "Sapienza", Latina 04100, Italy
| | - V Subbarao Boppana
- 1 Cardiovascular Research Institute, Department of Cell Biology and Molecular Medicine, Rutgers New Jersey Medical School, Newark, New Jersey 07103, USA ; 2 IRCCS Neuromed, Pozzilli (IS) 86077, Italy ; 3 Department of Medical-Surgical Sciences and Biotechnologies, University of Rome "Sapienza", Latina 04100, Italy
| | - Mahaa Umapathi
- 1 Cardiovascular Research Institute, Department of Cell Biology and Molecular Medicine, Rutgers New Jersey Medical School, Newark, New Jersey 07103, USA ; 2 IRCCS Neuromed, Pozzilli (IS) 86077, Italy ; 3 Department of Medical-Surgical Sciences and Biotechnologies, University of Rome "Sapienza", Latina 04100, Italy
| | - Giacomo Frati
- 1 Cardiovascular Research Institute, Department of Cell Biology and Molecular Medicine, Rutgers New Jersey Medical School, Newark, New Jersey 07103, USA ; 2 IRCCS Neuromed, Pozzilli (IS) 86077, Italy ; 3 Department of Medical-Surgical Sciences and Biotechnologies, University of Rome "Sapienza", Latina 04100, Italy
| | - Junichi Sadoshima
- 1 Cardiovascular Research Institute, Department of Cell Biology and Molecular Medicine, Rutgers New Jersey Medical School, Newark, New Jersey 07103, USA ; 2 IRCCS Neuromed, Pozzilli (IS) 86077, Italy ; 3 Department of Medical-Surgical Sciences and Biotechnologies, University of Rome "Sapienza", Latina 04100, Italy
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Navarro-Zaragoza J, Ros-Simó C, Milanés MV, Valverde O, Laorden ML. Binge Ethanol and MDMA Combination Exacerbates Toxic Cardiac Effects by Inducing Cellular Stress. PLoS One 2015; 10:e0141502. [PMID: 26509576 PMCID: PMC4624901 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0141502] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/13/2015] [Accepted: 10/08/2015] [Indexed: 01/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Binge drinking is a common pattern of ethanol consumption among young people. Binge drinkers are especially susceptible to brain damage when other substances are co-administered, in particular 3,4 methylendioxymethamphetamine (MDMA). The aim of the present work was to study the mechanisms implicated in the adaptive changes observed after administration of these drugs of abuse. So, we have evaluated the cardiac sympathetic activity and the expression and activation of heat shock protein 27 (HSP27), after voluntary binge ethanol consumption, alone and in combination with MDMA. Both parameters are markers of stressful situations and they could be modified inducing several alterations in different systems. Adolescent mice received MDMA, ethanol or both (ethanol plus MDMA). Drinking in the dark (DID) procedure was used as a model of binge. Noradrenaline (NA) turnover, tyrosine hydroxylase (TH), TH phosphorylated at serine 31 and HSP27 expression and its phosphorylation at serine 82 were evaluated in adolescent mice 48 h, 72 h, and 7 days after treatments in the left ventricle. NA and normetanephrine (NMN) were determined by high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC); TH and HSP27 expression and phosphorylation were measured by quantitative blot immunollabeling using specific antibodies. Ethanol and MDMA co-administration increased NA turnover and TH expression and phosphorylation versus the consumption of each one of these drugs. In parallel with the described modifications in the cardiac sympathetic activity, our results showed that binge ethanol+MDMA exposure is associated with an increase in HSP27 expression and phosphorylation in the left ventricle, supporting the idea that the combination of both drugs exacerbates the cellular stress induced by ethanol or MDMA alone.
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Affiliation(s)
- Javier Navarro-Zaragoza
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Murcia, Murcia, Spain
- * E-mail:
| | - Clara Ros-Simó
- Grup de Recerca en Neurobiologia del Comportament (GRNC), Universitat Pompeu Fabra, Barcelona, Spain
| | | | - Olga Valverde
- Grup de Recerca en Neurobiologia del Comportament (GRNC), Universitat Pompeu Fabra, Barcelona, Spain
| | - María-Luisa Laorden
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Murcia, Murcia, Spain
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Bortezomib induces AMPK-dependent autophagosome formation uncoupled from apoptosis in drug resistant cells. Oncotarget 2015; 5:12358-70. [PMID: 25481044 PMCID: PMC4323002 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.2590] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/06/2014] [Accepted: 10/11/2014] [Indexed: 01/20/2023] Open
Abstract
The proteasome inhibitor bortezomib is an effective anti-cancer agent for the plasma cell malignancy multiple myeloma but clinical response is hindered by the emergence of drug resistance through unknown mechanisms. Drug sensitive myeloma cells were exposed to bortezomib to generate drug resistant cells that displayed a significant increase in subunits of the energy sensor AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK). AMPK activity in resistant cells was increased and bortezomib resistant cells contained a ~4-fold greater level of autophagosomes than drug sensitive cells. Real-time measurements indicated that bortezomib reduced the oxygen consumption rate in drug sensitive cells more readily than in resistant cells. Genetic ablation of AMPK activity reduced the bortezomib effect on autophagy. The autophagy-related gene (Atg)5 is required for autophagosome formation and enhances cellular susceptibility to apoptotic stimuli. Atg5 knockout eliminated bortezomib-induced autophagosome formation and reduced susceptibility to bortezomib. Bortezomib treatment of myeloma cells lead to ATG5 cleavage through a calpain-dependent manner while calpain inhibition or a calpain-insensitive Atg5 mutant promoted bortezomib-resistance. In contrast, AICAR, an AMPK activator, enhanced bortezomib-induced cleavage of ATG5 and increased bortezomib-induced killing. Taken together, the results demonstrate that ATG5 cleavage provokes apoptosis and represents a molecular link between autophagy and apoptosis with therapeutic implications.
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Hu N, Yang L, Dong M, Ren J, Zhang Y. Deficiency in adiponectin exaggerates cigarette smoking exposure-induced cardiac contractile dysfunction: Role of autophagy. Pharmacol Res 2015; 100:175-89. [PMID: 26276084 DOI: 10.1016/j.phrs.2015.08.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/02/2015] [Revised: 07/17/2015] [Accepted: 08/07/2015] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Abstract
Second hand smoke is an independent risk factor for cardiovascular disease. Adiponectin (APN), an adipose-derived adipokine, has been shown to offer cardioprotective effect through an AMPK-dependent manner. This study was designed to evaluate the impact of adiponectin deficiency on second hand smoke-induced cardiac pathology and underlying mechanisms using a mouse model of side-stream smoke exposure. Adult wild-type (WT) and adiponectin knockout (APNKO) mice were placed in a chamber exposed to cigarette smoke for 1 hour daily for 40 days. Echocardiographic, cardiomyocyte function, and intracellular Ca2+ handling were evaluated. Autophagy and apoptosis were examined using western blot. 2',7'-dichlorodihydrofluorescein diacetate (H2DCFDA) staining was used to evaluate reactive oxygen species (ROS) generation. Masson trichrome staining was employed to measure interstitial fibrosis. Our data revealed that adiponectin deficiency provoked smoke exposure-induced cardiomyopathy (compromised fractional shortening, disrupted cardiomyocyte function and intracellular Ca2+ homeostasis, apoptosis and ROS generation). In addition, these detrimental effects of side-stream smoke were accompanied by defective autophagolysosome formation, the effect of which was exacerbated by adiponectin deficiency. Blocking autophagolysosome formation using bafilomycin A1 (BafA1) negated the cardioprotective effect of rapamycin against smoke extract. Induction of autophagy using rapamycin and AMPKα activation using AICAR rescued against smoke extract-induced myopathic anomalies in APNKO mice. Our data suggest that adiponectin serves as an indispensable cardioprotective factor against side-stream smoke exposure-induced myopathic changes possibly through facilitating autophagolysosome formation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nan Hu
- Department of Cardiology, Xijing Hospital, the Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an 710032, China; Center for Cardiovascular Research and Alternative Medicine, University of Wyoming College of Health Sciences, Laramie, WY 82071, USA
| | - Lifang Yang
- Department of Cardiology, Xijing Hospital, the Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an 710032, China; Department of Anesthesiology, Xijing Hospital, the Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an 710032, China
| | - Maolong Dong
- Department of Cardiology, Xijing Hospital, the Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an 710032, China; Department of Burn and Cutaneous Surgery, Xijing Hospital, the Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an 710032, China
| | - Jun Ren
- Department of Cardiology, Xijing Hospital, the Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an 710032, China; Center for Cardiovascular Research and Alternative Medicine, University of Wyoming College of Health Sciences, Laramie, WY 82071, USA.
| | - Yingmei Zhang
- Department of Cardiology, Xijing Hospital, the Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an 710032, China; Center for Cardiovascular Research and Alternative Medicine, University of Wyoming College of Health Sciences, Laramie, WY 82071, USA.
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The Role of Cardiolipin in Cardiovascular Health. BIOMED RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2015; 2015:891707. [PMID: 26301254 PMCID: PMC4537736 DOI: 10.1155/2015/891707] [Citation(s) in RCA: 58] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/21/2015] [Accepted: 07/08/2015] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Cardiolipin (CL), the signature phospholipid of mitochondrial membranes, is crucial for both mitochondrial function and cellular processes outside of the mitochondria. The importance of CL in cardiovascular health is underscored by the life-threatening genetic disorder Barth syndrome (BTHS), which manifests clinically as cardiomyopathy, skeletal myopathy, neutropenia, and growth retardation. BTHS is caused by mutations in the gene encoding tafazzin, the transacylase that carries out the second CL remodeling step. In addition to BTHS, CL is linked to other cardiovascular diseases (CVDs), including cardiomyopathy, atherosclerosis, myocardial ischemia-reperfusion injury, heart failure, and Tangier disease. The link between CL and CVD may possibly be explained by the physiological roles of CL in pathways that are cardioprotective, including mitochondrial bioenergetics, autophagy/mitophagy, and mitogen activated protein kinase (MAPK) pathways. In this review, we focus on the role of CL in the pathogenesis of CVD as well as the molecular mechanisms that may link CL functions to cardiovascular health.
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Ren J, Taegtmeyer H. Too much or not enough of a good thing — The Janus faces of autophagy in cardiac fuel and protein homeostasis. J Mol Cell Cardiol 2015; 84:223-6. [DOI: 10.1016/j.yjmcc.2015.03.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/04/2014] [Revised: 02/23/2015] [Accepted: 03/02/2015] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
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Ma Y, Bu J, Dang H, Sha J, Jing Y, Shan-jiang AI, Li H, Zhu Y. Inhibition of adenosine monophosphate-activated protein kinase reduces glial cell-mediated inflammation and induces the expression of Cx43 in astroglias after cerebral ischemia. Brain Res 2015; 1605:1-11. [DOI: 10.1016/j.brainres.2014.11.030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2014] [Revised: 10/25/2014] [Accepted: 11/13/2014] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
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Guo R, Xu X, Babcock SA, Zhang Y, Ren J. Aldehyde dedydrogenase-2 plays a beneficial role in ameliorating chronic alcohol-induced hepatic steatosis and inflammation through regulation of autophagy. J Hepatol 2015; 62:647-56. [PMID: 25457208 PMCID: PMC4336638 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhep.2014.10.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 63] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/05/2013] [Revised: 09/08/2014] [Accepted: 10/08/2014] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND & AIMS Mitochondrial aldehyde dehydrogenase (ALDH2) plays a critical role in the detoxification of the ethanol metabolite acetaldehyde. This study was designed to examine the impact of global ALDH2 overexpression on alcohol-induced hepatic steatosis. METHODS Wild type Friend virus B (FVB) and ALDH2 transgenic mice were placed on a 4% alcohol or control diet for 12 weeks. Serum levels of aspartate aminotransferase (AST), alanine aminotransferase (ALT), bilirubin and cholesterol, hepatic triglyceride, steatosis, fat metabolism-related proteins, pro-inflammatory cytokines, glutathione (GSH), oxidized glutathione (GSSG), autophagy and autophagy signalling were examined. The role of autophagy was evaluated in alcohol dehydrogenase 1 (ADH1)-transfected human hepatocellular liver carcinoma cells (VA-13) treated with or without the autophagy inducer rapamycin and lysosomal inhibitors. RESULTS Chronic alcohol intake led to elevated AST-, ALT-levels, bilirubin, AST/ALT ratio, cholesterol, hepatic triglycerides and hepatic fat deposition as evidenced by H&E and Oil Red O staining. Hepatic fat deposition was associated with disturbed levels of fat metabolism-related proteins (fatty acid synthase, SCD1), upregulated interleukin-6, TNF-α, cyclooxygenase, oxidative stress, and loss of autophagy, effects which were attenuated or ablated by the ALDH2 transgene. Moreover, ethanol (100 mM) and acetaldehyde (100 and 500 μM) increased levels of IL-6 and IFN-γ, and suppressed autophagy in VA-13 cells, effects which were markedly alleviated by rapamycin. In addition, lysosomal inhibitors mimicked ethanol-induced p62 accumulation with little additive effect with ethanol. Ethanol significantly suppressed LC3 conversion in the presence of lysosomal inhibitors. CONCLUSIONS In summary, our results revealed that ALDH2 plays a beneficial role in ameliorating chronic alcohol intake-induced hepatic steatosis and inflammation through regulation of autophagy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rui Guo
- Center for Cardiovascular Research and Alternative Medicine, University of Wyoming College of Health Sciences, Laramie, USA
| | - Xihui Xu
- Center for Cardiovascular Research and Alternative Medicine, University of Wyoming College of Health Sciences, Laramie, USA
| | - Sara A Babcock
- Center for Cardiovascular Research and Alternative Medicine, University of Wyoming College of Health Sciences, Laramie, USA
| | - Yingmei Zhang
- Center for Cardiovascular Research and Alternative Medicine, University of Wyoming College of Health Sciences, Laramie, USA; Department of Cardiology, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, China; Department of Cardiology, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China.
| | - Jun Ren
- Center for Cardiovascular Research and Alternative Medicine, University of Wyoming College of Health Sciences, Laramie, USA; Department of Cardiology, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China.
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Mazan-Mamczarz K, Peroutka RJ, Steinhardt JJ, Gidoni M, Zhang Y, Lehrmann E, Landon AL, Dai B, Houng S, Muniandy PA, Efroni S, Becker KG, Gartenhaus RB. Distinct inhibitory effects on mTOR signaling by ethanol and INK128 in diffuse large B-cell lymphoma. Cell Commun Signal 2015; 13:15. [PMID: 25849580 PMCID: PMC4350884 DOI: 10.1186/s12964-015-0091-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/20/2014] [Accepted: 02/04/2015] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The mechanistic target of rapamycin, (mTOR) kinase plays a pivotal role in controlling critical cellular growth and survival pathways, and its aberrant induction is implicated in cancer pathogenesis. Therefore, suppression of active mTOR signaling has been of great interest to researchers; several mTOR inhibitors have been discovered to date. Ethanol (EtOH), similar to pharmacologic mTOR inhibitors, has been shown to suppress the mTOR signaling pathway, though in a non-catalytic manner. Despite population studies showing that the consumption of EtOH has a protective effect against hematological malignancies, the mechanisms behind EtOH's modulation of mTOR activity in cells and its downstream consequences are largely unknown. Here we evaluated the effects of EtOH on the mTOR pathway, in comparison to the active-site mTOR inhibitor INK128, and compared translatome analysis of their downstream effects in diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (DLBCL). RESULTS Treatment of DLBCL cells with EtOH suppressed mTORC1 complex formation while increasing AKT phosphorylation and mTORC2 complex assembly. INK128 completely abrogated AKT phosphorylation without affecting the structure of mTORC1/2 complexes. Accordingly, EtOH less profoundly suppressed cap-dependent translation and global protein synthesis, compared to a remarkable inhibitory effect of INK128 treatment. Importantly, EtOH treatment induced the formation of stress granules, while INK128 suppressed their formation. Microarray analysis of polysomal RNA revealed that although both agents primarily affected cell growth and survival, EtOH and INK128 regulated the synthesis of mostly distinct genes involved in these processes. Though both EtOH and INK128 inhibited cell cycle, proliferation and autophagy, EtOH, in contrast to INK128, did not induce cell apoptosis. CONCLUSION Given that EtOH, similar to pharmacologic mTOR inhibitors, inhibits mTOR signaling, we systematically explored the effect of EtOH and INK128 on mTOR signal transduction, components of the mTORC1/2 interaction and their downstream effectors in DLBCL malignancy. We found that EtOH partially inhibits mTOR signaling and protein translation, compared to INK128's complete mTOR inhibition. Translatome analysis of mTOR downstream target genes established that differential inhibition of mTOR by EtOH and INK128 distinctly modulates translation of specific subsets of mRNAs involved in cell growth and survival, leading to differential cellular response and survival.
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Yuan F, Lei Y, Wang Q, Esberg LB, Huang Z, Scott GI, Li X, Ren J. Moderate ethanol administration accentuates cardiomyocyte contractile dysfunction and mitochondrial injury in high fat diet-induced obesity. Toxicol Lett 2015; 233:267-77. [DOI: 10.1016/j.toxlet.2014.12.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/24/2014] [Revised: 12/15/2014] [Accepted: 12/23/2014] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
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Abstract
The pathogenic mechanism underlying alcoholic fatty liver (AFL) is not clear. Autophagy is a self-digestion process that is critical for the maintenance of cellular homeostasis and regulation of lipid metabolism. We investigated the role of autophagy and autophagic flux in hepatic injury induced by chronic ethanol feeding in mice. C57BL/6 mice were fed a Lieber-DeCarli ethanol diet (ED) to induce AFL or an isocaloric control diet for 6 weeks. Chloroquine (CQ, 10 mg/kg, intra-peritoneally [i.p.]) or rapamycin (Rapa, 5 mg/kg, i.p.) were administered during the last 2 weeks of the experimental period. Chronic ethanol feeding induced AFL with focal necrosis associated with increased levels of hepatic triglyceride. This phenomenon was aggravated by CQ, an inhibitor of autophagy, and attenuated by Rapa, an inducer of autophagy. Expression of microtubule-associated protein 1 light chain 3 (LC3)-II and sequestosome1/p62 significantly increased in the ED group. Moreover, accumulation of autophagosomes was observed by transmission electron microscopy in chronic ethanol-treated mice. Chronic ethanol consumption decreased protein expression of LC3 lipidation-related proteins Atg3 and Atg7, and the lysosomal proteins lysosome-associated membrane protein-2 and Rab7, and increased the protein expression of calpain 1 and phosphorylated mammalian target of rapamycin. Taken together, these findings suggest that chronic ethanol consumption leads to impairment of autophagic flux, which contributes to ethanol-induced liver injury.
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Wang Q, Yang L, Hua Y, Nair S, Xu X, Ren J. AMP-activated protein kinase deficiency rescues paraquat-induced cardiac contractile dysfunction through an autophagy-dependent mechanism. Toxicol Sci 2014; 142:6-20. [PMID: 25092649 DOI: 10.1093/toxsci/kfu158] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
AIM Paraquat, a quaternary nitrogen herbicide, is a highly toxic prooxidant resulting in multi-organ failure including the heart although the underlying mechanism still remains elusive. This study was designed to examine the role of the cellular fuel sensor AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK) in paraquat-induced cardiac contractile and mitochondrial injury. RESULTS Wild-type and transgenic mice with overexpression of a mutant AMPK α2 subunit (kinase dead, KD), with reduced activity in both α1 and α2 subunits, were administered with paraquat (45 mg/kg) for 48 h. Paraquat elicited cardiac mechanical anomalies including compromised echocardiographic parameters (elevated left ventricular end-systolic diameter and reduced factional shortening), suppressed cardiomyocyte contractile function, intracellular Ca(2+) handling, reduced cell survival, and overt mitochondrial damage (loss in mitochondrial membrane potential). In addition, paraquat treatment promoted phosphorylation of AMPK and autophagy. Interestingly, deficiency in AMPK attenuated paraquat-induced cardiac contractile and intracellular Ca(2+) derangement. The beneficial effect of AMPK inhibition was associated with inhibition of the AMPK-TSC-mTOR-ULK1 signaling cascade. In vitro study revealed that inhibitors for AMPK and autophagy attenuated paraquat-induced cardiomyocyte contractile dysfunction. CONCLUSION Taken together, our findings revealed that AMPK may mediate paraquat-induced myocardial anomalies possibly by regulating the AMPK/mTOR-dependent autophagy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qiurong Wang
- Center for Cardiovascular Research and Alternative Medicine, University of Wyoming College of Health Sciences, Laramie, Wyoming 82071
| | - Lifang Yang
- Center for Cardiovascular Research and Alternative Medicine, University of Wyoming College of Health Sciences, Laramie, Wyoming 82071 Department of Anesthesiology, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an 710032, China
| | - Yinan Hua
- Center for Cardiovascular Research and Alternative Medicine, University of Wyoming College of Health Sciences, Laramie, Wyoming 82071
| | - Sreejayan Nair
- Center for Cardiovascular Research and Alternative Medicine, University of Wyoming College of Health Sciences, Laramie, Wyoming 82071
| | - Xihui Xu
- Center for Cardiovascular Research and Alternative Medicine, University of Wyoming College of Health Sciences, Laramie, Wyoming 82071
| | - Jun Ren
- Center for Cardiovascular Research and Alternative Medicine, University of Wyoming College of Health Sciences, Laramie, Wyoming 82071
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Shen C, Wang C, Fan F, Yang Z, Cao Q, Liu X, Sun X, Zhao X, Wang P, Ma X, Zhu H, Dong Z, Zou Y, Hu K, Sun A, Ge J. Acetaldehyde dehydrogenase 2 (ALDH2) deficiency exacerbates pressure overload-induced cardiac dysfunction by inhibiting Beclin-1 dependent autophagy pathway. Biochim Biophys Acta Mol Basis Dis 2014; 1852:310-8. [PMID: 25086229 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbadis.2014.07.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/01/2014] [Revised: 07/09/2014] [Accepted: 07/18/2014] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
Abstract
Mitochondrial aldehyde dehydrogenase 2 (ALDH2) was demonstrated to play cardioprotective roles in cardiovascular diseases. Nonetheless, little is known about the roles and mechanisms of ALDH2 in pressure overload-induced cardiac damages. In this study, we revealed that ALDH2 deficiency overtly exacerbated transverse aortic constriction (TAC)-induced cardiac dysfunction. Cardiomyocyte enlargement was observed in both WT and ALDH2-/- mice in HE-stained myocardial tissue samples at 8 weeks post TAC surgery. Mitochondrial morphology and structure were also significantly damaged post TAC surgery and the changes were aggravated in ALDH2-/- TAC hearts. ALDH2 deficiency also depressed myocardial autophagy in hearts at 8 weeks post TAC surgery with a potential mechanism of repressing the expression of Beclin-1 and promoting the interaction between Bcl-2 and Beclin-1. These data indicate that ALDH2 deficiency exacerbates the pressure overload induced cardiac dysfunction partly by inhibiting Beclin-1 dependent autophagy pathway. This article is part of a Special Issue entitled: Autophagy and protein quality control in cardiometabolic diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cheng Shen
- Shanghai Institute of Cardiovascular Diseases, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, 180 Feng Lin Road, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Cong Wang
- Shanghai Institute of Cardiovascular Diseases, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, 180 Feng Lin Road, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Fan Fan
- Shanghai Institute of Cardiovascular Diseases, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, 180 Feng Lin Road, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Zhiyin Yang
- Institute of Behavioral Medicine, Jining Medical College, Jining 272067, China
| | - Quan Cao
- Shanghai Institute of Cardiovascular Diseases, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, 180 Feng Lin Road, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Xiangwei Liu
- Shanghai Institute of Cardiovascular Diseases, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, 180 Feng Lin Road, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Xiaolei Sun
- Shanghai Institute of Cardiovascular Diseases, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, 180 Feng Lin Road, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Xiaona Zhao
- Shanghai Institute of Cardiovascular Diseases, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, 180 Feng Lin Road, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Peng Wang
- Shanghai Institute of Cardiovascular Diseases, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, 180 Feng Lin Road, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Xin Ma
- Shanghai Institute of Cardiovascular Diseases, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, 180 Feng Lin Road, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Hong Zhu
- Shanghai Institute of Cardiovascular Diseases, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, 180 Feng Lin Road, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Zhen Dong
- Shanghai Institute of Cardiovascular Diseases, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, 180 Feng Lin Road, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Yunzeng Zou
- Shanghai Institute of Cardiovascular Diseases, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, 180 Feng Lin Road, Shanghai 200032, China; Institute of Biomedical Science, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Kai Hu
- Shanghai Institute of Cardiovascular Diseases, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, 180 Feng Lin Road, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Aijun Sun
- Shanghai Institute of Cardiovascular Diseases, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, 180 Feng Lin Road, Shanghai 200032, China; Institute of Biomedical Science, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China.
| | - Junbo Ge
- Shanghai Institute of Cardiovascular Diseases, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, 180 Feng Lin Road, Shanghai 200032, China; Institute of Biomedical Science, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China
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