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Alaoui A, Sahri N, Mahdi I, Fahsi N, El herradi EH, Sobeh M. Argan: Phytochemical profiling and evaluation of the antioxidant, hypoglycemic, and antibacterial properties of its fruit pulp extracts. Heliyon 2024; 10:e23612. [PMID: 38283239 PMCID: PMC10818192 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2023.e23612] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/05/2023] [Revised: 12/07/2023] [Accepted: 12/07/2023] [Indexed: 01/30/2024] Open
Abstract
Herein, we isolated three triterpenoid saponins from the methanol extract of the fruit pulp of argan. The structures of the identified compounds were determined using comprehensive NMR spectroscopy analyses (1H, 13C NMR, COSY, TOCSY, ROESY, and HSQC), combined with mass spectroscopy. Gas chromatography (GC) was utilized to determine the monosaccharide contents after the samples underwent methanolysis and their glycoside configuration was proved via their trimethylsilyl derivatives. Furthermore, the methanol extract of the fruit pulp and its n-butanol fraction were evaluated for their antioxidant properties via DPPH, ABTS, and FRAP assays, antidiabetic activity using α-amylase and α-glucosidase inhibition activities, and antibacterial properties utilizing microdilution and antibiofilm assays. Compared to the crude methanol extract, our results showed that the n-butanol fraction exhibited more potent antioxidant activity and antibacterial potential against Staphylococcus aureus, Escherichia coli, Salmonella typhi, Enterococcus faecalis, and Pseudomonas aeruginosa (MIC = 12.5-50 mg/mL); while no effect on the bacterial biofilm was observed. The methanol extract was more effective in inhibiting α-glucosidase (EC50 = 0.15 mg/mL), however, the n-butanol fraction elicited strong α-amylase inhibition (EC50 = 0.49 mg/mL). These findings suggest that the fruit pulp of argan could serve as a potential source of phytochemicals suitable for the treatment of diabetes and its related complications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Asmae Alaoui
- Physio-Chemical Laboratory of Inorganic and Organic Materials (LPCMIO), Materials Science Center (MSC), Ecole Normale Supérieure, Mohammed V University in Rabat, Rabat, Morocco
| | - Nihad Sahri
- Physio-Chemical Laboratory of Inorganic and Organic Materials (LPCMIO), Materials Science Center (MSC), Ecole Normale Supérieure, Mohammed V University in Rabat, Rabat, Morocco
- AgroBioSciences Program, College of Agriculture and Environmental Science, Mohammed VI Polytechnic University, Ben Guerir 43150, Morocco
| | - Ismail Mahdi
- AgroBioSciences Program, College of Agriculture and Environmental Science, Mohammed VI Polytechnic University, Ben Guerir 43150, Morocco
| | - Nidal Fahsi
- AgroBioSciences Program, College of Agriculture and Environmental Science, Mohammed VI Polytechnic University, Ben Guerir 43150, Morocco
| | - El hassania El herradi
- Physio-Chemical Laboratory of Inorganic and Organic Materials (LPCMIO), Materials Science Center (MSC), Ecole Normale Supérieure, Mohammed V University in Rabat, Rabat, Morocco
| | - Mansour Sobeh
- AgroBioSciences Program, College of Agriculture and Environmental Science, Mohammed VI Polytechnic University, Ben Guerir 43150, Morocco
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Moroccan Medicinal Plants Used to Treat Cancer: Ethnomedicinal Study and Insights into Pharmacological Evidence. EVIDENCE-BASED COMPLEMENTARY AND ALTERNATIVE MEDICINE 2022; 2022:1645265. [PMID: 36330227 PMCID: PMC9626195 DOI: 10.1155/2022/1645265] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2022] [Revised: 08/24/2022] [Accepted: 10/06/2022] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
Cancer is one of the major medical challenges, with an unacceptably high death toll worldwide. In Morocco, medicinal plants continue to play a pivotal therapeutic role despite the development of modern sanitation systems. In the current study, an ethnobotanical survey was carried out at the Moroccan national institute of oncology, Rabat, and we aimed at (1) establishing an exhaustive inventory of indigenous knowledge of Moroccan medicinal plants used to manage cancer and (2) confirming the reported ethnopharmacological uses through bibliometric review. An ethnobotanical survey was conducted with 291 cancer patients at the Moroccan National Institute of Oncology, Rabat, during a period of 4 months, from February to May 2019, through semistructured interviews. Ethnobotanical indices, including informant consensus factor (FIC), use report (UR), relative frequency citation (RFC), botanical family use value (FUV), fidelity level (FL), and index of agreement on remedies (IAR), were employed in data analyses. The survey revealed that 39 medicinal plants belonging to 27 botanical families and 38 genera were used to treat cancer. The most used ethnospecies were Aristolochia longa with the highest RFC value (0.096), followed by Nigella sativa, Ephedra alata, Euphorbia resinifera, and Lavandula dentata, éwith RFC values of 0.072, 0.054, 0.044, and 0.044, respectively. In regard to the plant families, Lamiaceae contributed the highest number of plants with five species (FUV = 0.034), followed by Asteraceae (4 species; FUV = 0.020), and Fabaceae (4 species; FUV = 0.020). The leaves are the most popular plant part used by the studied population against cancer; otherwise, decoction was the most commonly used method for remedy preparation and the highest FIC was noticed for uterine cancer treatment (0.86). Considering these findings, further investigations into the recorded plant species should be performed to assess phytochemical constituents and pharmaceutical benefits in order to identify their active compounds for any drug formulations.
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In Vitro & In Vivo Anti-Hyperglycemic Potential of Saponins Cake and Argan Oil from Argania spinosa. Foods 2021; 10:foods10051078. [PMID: 34068075 PMCID: PMC8152476 DOI: 10.3390/foods10051078] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2021] [Revised: 04/27/2021] [Accepted: 05/06/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
The Argan tree (Argania spinosa. L) is an evergreen tree endemic of southwestern Morocco. For centuries, various formulations have been used to treat several illnesses including diabetes. However, scientific results supporting these actions are needed. Hence, Argan fruit products (i.e., cake byproducts (saponins extract) and hand pressed Argan oil) were tested for their in-vitro anti-hyperglycemic activity, using α-glucosidase and α-amylase assays. The in-vivo anti-hyperglycemic activity was evaluated in a model of alloxan-induced diabetic mice. The diabetic animals were orally administered 100 mg/kg body weight of aqueous saponins cake extract and 3 mL/kg of Argan oil, respectively, to evaluate the anti-hyperglycemic effect. The blood glucose concentration and body weight of the experimental animals were monitored for 30 days. The chemical properties and composition of the Argan oil were assessed including acidity, peroxides, K232, K270, fatty acids, sterols, tocopherols, total polyphenols, and phenolic compounds. The saponins cake extract produced a significant reduction in blood glucose concentration in diabetic mice, which was better than the Argan oil. This decrease was equivalent to that detected in mice treated with metformin after 2–4 weeks. Moreover, the saponins cake extract showed a strong inhibitory action on α-amylase and α-glucosidase, which is also higher than that of Argan oil.
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Srivastava R, Tripathi L, Swain SR, Singh J. Neuroprotective validation of pectin in T2DM-induced allodynia and hyperalgesia in diabetic peripheral neuropathic pain. Arch Physiol Biochem 2021:1-12. [PMID: 33618606 DOI: 10.1080/13813455.2021.1884725] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
Abstract
AIM To validate neuroprotective effect of pectin against neuropathic pain in diabetic rodents. MATERIAL AND METHOD Pectin was isolated and characterised from different sources to validate its neuroprotective effect against T2DM associated neuropathic pain. The antioxidant activity of pectins was done by the DPPH method. Type-2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) was induced in Wistar albino rats by high-fat diet and high-fat emulsion feeding for 2 weeks followed by a single i.p. of Sterptozotocin in 3rd week. The animals were grouped as positive control and Citrus sinensis (L.) Osbeck peel pectin (CSL-OP) as test group and treated for the next 4 weeks. Body weight and blood glucose were measured up to 8 weeks; however, behavioural assessment was done at the end of 5th to 8th week. RESULT CSL-OP restored the reduced body weight and elevated blood glucose with increased pain threshold and improved walking performance. CONCLUSION CSL-OP prevented progression of early diabetic neuropathy with anti-oxidant activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rajnish Srivastava
- Moradabad Educational Trust Group of Institutions Faculty of Pharmacy, Moradabad, India
| | | | - Sudhansu Ranjan Swain
- Moradabad Educational Trust Group of Institutions Faculty of Pharmacy, Moradabad, India
| | - Jagan Singh
- Moradabad Educational Trust Group of Institutions Faculty of Pharmacy, Moradabad, India
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Alami Merrouni I, Elachouri M. Anticancer medicinal plants used by Moroccan people: Ethnobotanical, preclinical, phytochemical and clinical evidence. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2021; 266:113435. [PMID: 33022340 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2020.113435] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2020] [Revised: 09/23/2020] [Accepted: 09/26/2020] [Indexed: 05/18/2023]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE Cancer is a major health problem worldwide. Drugs' side effects and high cost of treatment remain the main limitations of conventional therapy. Nowadays, developing new therapeutic strategies is necessary. Therefore, medicinal plants can be used to promote novel, safe, and potent anticancer drugs through their natural compounds. AIM OF THE STUDY This review aims to provide scientific evidence related to the anticancer activities of medicinal plants used by Moroccan people as well as approving their efficiency as an alternative cancer therapy. METHODS An ethnopharmacological review approach was conducted by analyzing Moroccan published ethnobotanical surveys from 1991 to 2019 and consulting peer-reviewed articles worldwide to investigate the pharmacological, phytochemical, and clinical effects related to the anticancer activities. Plants with anticancer proprieties were classified into four groups: (a) plants only cited as anticancer, (b) plants pharmacologically investigated, (c) plants with bioactive compounds tested as anticancer, and (d) plants clinically investigated. RESULTS A total of 103 plant species belonging to 47 botanical families used by Moroccans to treat cancer have been recorded. Aristolochia fontanesii Boiss. & Reut, Marrubium vulgare L., and Allium sativum L. are the most referred species in Morocco. Medicinal plants used for cancer treatment were classified into four groups: 48 species were used traditionally as anticancer (group a), 41 species pharmacologically investigated for their anticancer activities (group b), 32 plants with bioactive compounds tested against cancer (group c), and eight plants were clinically investigated for their anticancer effects (group d). Out of 82 plants' extracts pharmacologically tested (from plants of group b), only 24 ones show a significant cytotoxic effect. A total of seventy-seven compounds are isolated from plants of group (c). However, only six ones were clinically evaluated, and most of them exhibit a beneficial effect on cancerous patients with few side effects. CONCLUSION Medicinal plants can be a promising candidate for alternative cancer therapy. Nevertheless, it is critical to increasing the clinical trials to confirm their beneficial effect on patients with cancer. Overall, this review can serve as a database for further studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ilyass Alami Merrouni
- Laboratory of Physiology, Genetics, and Ethnopharmacology, Faculty of Sciences, Mohammed First University, Oujda, Morocco.
| | - Mostafa Elachouri
- Laboratory of Physiology, Genetics, and Ethnopharmacology, Faculty of Sciences, Mohammed First University, Oujda, Morocco.
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Li W, Wan H, Yan S, Yan Z, Chen Y, Guo P, Ramesh T, Cui Y, Ning L. Gold nanoparticles synthesized with Poria cocos modulates the anti-obesity parameters in high-fat diet and streptozotocin induced obese diabetes rat model. ARAB J CHEM 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.arabjc.2020.04.031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
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Bourhim T, Villareal MO, Gadhi C, Hafidi A, Isoda H. Depigmenting effect of argan press-cake extract through the down-regulation of Mitf and melanogenic enzymes expression in B16 murine melanoma cells. Cytotechnology 2018; 70:1389-1397. [PMID: 29946948 DOI: 10.1007/s10616-018-0232-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2016] [Accepted: 03/27/2017] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Oil extraction from the kernels of Argania spinosa (L.) Skeels (Sapotaceae), an endemic tree of Morocco, produces argan press-cake (APC) used as a shampoo and to treat sprains, scabies, and for healing wounds. We have previously reported that argan oil has antimelanogenesis effect. Here, we determined if the by-product, APC, has melanogenesis regulatory effect using B16 murine melanoma cells. The effect of APC ethanol extract on cell proliferation and melanin content of B16 cells were measured, and to elucidate the mechanism involved, the expression level of melanogenic enzymes tyrosinase (TYR), dopachrome tautomerase (DCT), and tyrosinase-related protein 1 (TRP1) were determined and mRNA expression level of microphthalmia- associated transcription factor (Mitf) and Tyr genes were quantified. APC ethanol extract showed a significant melanin biosynthesis inhibitory effect on B16 cells in a time-dependent manner without cytotoxicity, which could be due to the decreased expression of TYR, TRP1, and DCT in a time-dependent manner. APC extract down regulated Mitf and Tyr. Decreased TRP1 and DCT levels could be due to post-translational modifications. These results suggest that APC extract may be used as a new source of natural whitening products and may be introduced as an important pharmacological agent for the treatment of hyperpigmentation disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thouria Bourhim
- Faculty of Sciences Semlalia, Cadi Ayyad University, Avenue Prince Moulay Abdellah, BP 2390, 40000, Marrakesh, Morocco
| | - Myra O Villareal
- Faculty of Life and Environmental Sciences, University of Tsukuba, Tennodai 1-1-1, Tsukuba City, Ibaraki, 305-8572, Japan
- Alliance for Research on the Mediterranean and North Africa (ARENA), University of Tsukuba, Tennodai 1-1-1, Tsukuba City, Ibaraki, 305-8572, Japan
| | - Chemseddoha Gadhi
- Faculty of Sciences Semlalia, Cadi Ayyad University, Avenue Prince Moulay Abdellah, BP 2390, 40000, Marrakesh, Morocco.
| | - Abdellatif Hafidi
- Faculty of Sciences Semlalia, Cadi Ayyad University, Avenue Prince Moulay Abdellah, BP 2390, 40000, Marrakesh, Morocco
| | - Hiroko Isoda
- Faculty of Life and Environmental Sciences, University of Tsukuba, Tennodai 1-1-1, Tsukuba City, Ibaraki, 305-8572, Japan.
- Alliance for Research on the Mediterranean and North Africa (ARENA), University of Tsukuba, Tennodai 1-1-1, Tsukuba City, Ibaraki, 305-8572, Japan.
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Hanana M, Mezghenni H, Ben Ayed R, Ben Dhiab A, Jarradi S, Jamoussi B, Hamrouni L. Nutraceutical potentialities of Tunisian Argan oil based on its physicochemical properties and fatty acid content as assessed through Bayesian network analyses. Lipids Health Dis 2018; 17:138. [PMID: 29903007 PMCID: PMC6003034 DOI: 10.1186/s12944-018-0782-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/10/2017] [Accepted: 05/16/2018] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Argan oil is traditionally produced by cold pressing in South-western Morocco where rural population uses it as edible oil as well as for its therapeutic properties which give them in counterpart valuable income. Given the economical interest of this oil, several attempts of fraudulency have been registered in the world global market leading to loss of authenticity. Our purpose is to launch a program of Tunisian Argan oil valorization since trees from this species have been introduced sixty years ago in Tunisia. The first step was thus to characterize the physicochemical properties and determine the chemical composition of Tunisian Argan oil in order to assess its quality. METHODS Physicochemical parameters of oil quality were determined according to the international standard protocols. Fatty acid content analysis of Argan oils was performed by gas chromatography coupled to mass spectrophotometry. A comparative study was realized among Tunisian, Moroccan and Algerian samples differing also by their extraction procedure. The impact of geographical localisation on the fatty acids composition was studied by statistical and modeling Bayesian analyses. RESULTS Physicochemical parameters analysis showed interestingly that Tunisian Argan oil could be classified as extra virgin oil. Argan oil is mainly composed by unsaturated fatty acids (80%), mainly oleic and linoleic acid (linoleic acid was positively influenced by the geographical localization (r = 0.899, p = 0.038) and the P/S index (r = 0.987, p = 0.002)) followed by saturated fatty acids (20%) with other beneficial compounds from the unsaponifiable fraction like polyphenols and carotenoids. Together with fatty acid content, these minor components are likely to be responsible for its nutraceutical properties and beneficial effects. CONCLUSION Tunisian Argan oil displayed valuable qualitative parameters proving its competitiveness in comparison with Moroccan and Algerian oils, and could be therefore considered as extra virgin edible oil for nutraceutical purposes as well as for cosmetic use.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohsen Hanana
- Extremophile Plants Laboratory, Centre of Biotechnology of Borj-Cedria, BP 901, 2050, Hammam-Lif, Tunisia
| | - Hajer Mezghenni
- Laboratory of Forestry Resources Management and Valorization, National Research Institute of Rural Engineering, Water and Forests, P.B. 10, 2080, Ariana, Tunisia
| | - Rayda Ben Ayed
- Laboratory of Molecular and Cellular Screening Processes, Genomics and Bioinformatics Group, Centre of Biotechnology of Sfax, PB '1177', 3018, Sfax, Tunisia.
| | | | - Slim Jarradi
- General Direction of Forests, Ministry of Agriculture, Hydraulic Resources and Fishing, 30 Avenue Alain Savary, 1002, Tunis, Tunisia
| | - Bassem Jamoussi
- Laboratory of Analytical and Organic Chemistry, High Institute of Continue Education and Formation, 43 Rue de la Liberté, 2019, Le Bardo, Tunisie
| | - Lamia Hamrouni
- Laboratory of Forestry Resources Management and Valorization, National Research Institute of Rural Engineering, Water and Forests, P.B. 10, 2080, Ariana, Tunisia
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Peroxisomal Acyl-CoA Oxidase Type 1: Anti-Inflammatory and Anti-Aging Properties with a Special Emphasis on Studies with LPS and Argan Oil as a Model Transposable to Aging. OXIDATIVE MEDICINE AND CELLULAR LONGEVITY 2018; 2018:6986984. [PMID: 29765501 PMCID: PMC5889864 DOI: 10.1155/2018/6986984] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2017] [Accepted: 01/23/2018] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
To clarify appropriateness of current claims for health and wellness virtues of argan oil, studies were conducted in inflammatory states. LPS induces inflammation with reduction of PGC1-α signaling and energy metabolism. Argan oil protected the liver against LPS toxicity and interestingly enough preservation of peroxisomal acyl-CoA oxidase type 1 (ACOX1) activity against depression by LPS. This model of LPS-driven toxicity circumvented by argan oil along with a key anti-inflammatory role attributed to ACOX1 has been here transposed to model aging. This view is consistent with known physiological role of ACOX1 in yielding precursors of specialized proresolving mediators (SPM) and with characteristics of aging and related disorders including reduced PGC1-α function and improvement by strategies rising ACOX1 (via hormonal gut FGF19 and nordihydroguaiaretic acid in metabolic syndrome and diabetes conditions) and SPM (neurodegenerative disorders, atherosclerosis, and stroke). Delay of aging to resolve inflammation results from altered production of SPM, SPM improving most aging disorders. The strategic metabolic place of ACOX1, upstream of SPM biosynthesis, along with ability of ACOX1 preservation/induction and SPM to improve aging-related disorders and known association of aging with drop in ACOX1 and SPM, all converge to conclude that ACOX1 represents a previously unsuspected and currently emerging antiaging protein.
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Kasangana PB, Nachar A, Eid HM, Stevanovic T, Haddad PS. Root bark extracts of Myrianthus arboreus P. Beauv. (Cecropiaceae) exhibit anti-diabetic potential by modulating hepatocyte glucose homeostasis. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2018; 211:117-125. [PMID: 28951243 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2017.09.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2017] [Revised: 09/15/2017] [Accepted: 09/17/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE Myrianthus arboreus P. Beauv. is a tropical tree used in African folk medicine, including for diabetes. However, little research has yet been conducted to support this ethnopharmacological use of this plant. The present study sought to determine the antidiabetic potential of root bark extracts through cell-based bioassays of liver and muscle glucose homeostasis. MATERIALS AND METHODS Four extracts were obtained from crude root bark powder: 1 aqueous (AQ), 2 ethanol (EtOH), 3 alkaloid enriched (Alk) (obtained from methanol extract) and 4 dichloromethane (Dic) extracts. Moreover, extract 2 was further separated into two fractions: 2.1 ethyl acetate (EAc) and 2.2 hexane (Hex). To assess the antidiabetic activity of the plant extracts, inhibition of glucose-6-phosphatase (G6Pase), stimulation of glycogen synthase (GS) and modulation of glucose uptake were determined in cultured H4IIE and HepG2 hepatocytes as well as C2C12 myocytes, respectively. Phosphorylation of three kinases, AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK), Akt and Glycogen Synthase Kinase-3 (GSK-3) were probed by Western blot. RESULTS M. arboreus extracts/fractions did not stimulate glucose uptake in C2C12 cells albeit 2.2 (Hex) fraction showed a mild positive tendency. In contrast, extract 2 and its fractions as well as extract 3 were able to decrease hepatocyte G6Pase activity. Their effect on G6Pase activity involved both Akt and AMPK phosphorylation. No significant correlation was observed between activation of Akt and inhibition of G6Pase (R2 = 0.50 p < 0.14), whereas that between stimulation of AMPK and inhibition of G6Pase was statistically significant (R2 = 0.75 p < 0.05). On the other hand, extract 2, its fraction 2.2 and extract 3 were able to stimulate GS through GSK-3 phosphorylation. A high correlation was observed between the ability of M. arboreus extracts and fractions to phosphorylate GSK-3 and modulate GS activity (R2=0.81 p < 0.01). Extract 2 and its fraction 2.2 together with extract 3 were the only plant products to simultaneously and potently regulate G6Pase and GS, the key players of hepatic glucose homeostasis. CONCLUSION Overall, these data support the traditional antidiabetic uses of the root bark of M. arboreus.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pierre B Kasangana
- Renewable Materials Research Centre, Department of Wood Science, Laval University, Québec City, Canada; Natural Health Products and Metabolic Diseases Laboratory, Department of Pharmacology and Physiology, Université de Montréal, Montréal, Canada; Nutrition and Functional Foods Institute, Laval University, Québec City, Canada.
| | - Abir Nachar
- Natural Health Products and Metabolic Diseases Laboratory, Department of Pharmacology and Physiology, Université de Montréal, Montréal, Canada; Nutrition and Functional Foods Institute, Laval University, Québec City, Canada.
| | - Hoda M Eid
- Natural Health Products and Metabolic Diseases Laboratory, Department of Pharmacology and Physiology, Université de Montréal, Montréal, Canada; Nutrition and Functional Foods Institute, Laval University, Québec City, Canada; Department of Pharmacognosy, University of Beni-Suef, Beni-Suef, Egypt.
| | - Tatjana Stevanovic
- Renewable Materials Research Centre, Department of Wood Science, Laval University, Québec City, Canada; Nutrition and Functional Foods Institute, Laval University, Québec City, Canada.
| | - Pierre S Haddad
- Natural Health Products and Metabolic Diseases Laboratory, Department of Pharmacology and Physiology, Université de Montréal, Montréal, Canada; Nutrition and Functional Foods Institute, Laval University, Québec City, Canada.
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Khallouki F, Eddouks M, Mourad A, Breuer A, Owen RW. Ethnobotanic, Ethnopharmacologic Aspects and New Phytochemical Insights into Moroccan Argan Fruits. Int J Mol Sci 2017; 18:E2277. [PMID: 29084170 PMCID: PMC5713247 DOI: 10.3390/ijms18112277] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2017] [Revised: 10/20/2017] [Accepted: 10/27/2017] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
This review summarizes available data on argan fruit botany, geographical distribution, traditional uses, environmental interest, socioeconomic role, phytochemistry, as well as health beneficial effects and examination of future prospects. In particular, ethnomedical uses of argan fruits are carried out throughout Morocco where it has been used against various diseases. Different classes of bioactive compounds have been characterized including essential oils, fatty acids, triacylglycerols, flavonoids and their newly reported acylglycosyl derivatives, monophenols, phenolic acids, cinnamic acids, saponins, triterpenes, phytosterols, ubiquinone, melatonin, new aminophenols along with vitamin E among other secondary metabolites. The latter have already shown a wide spectrum of in vitro, and ex vivo biologicalactivities including antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, anti-diabetic, antihypertensive, anti-hypercholesterolemia, analgesic, antimicrobial, molluscicidal anti-nociceptive and anticancer potential. Argan flesh (pulp) contains a broad spectrum of polyphenolic compounds which may have utility for incorporation into nutraceuticals and cosmeceuticals relevant to the food, cosmetic and health industries. Further research is recommended, especially on the health beneficial effects of the aminophenols.
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Affiliation(s)
- Farid Khallouki
- Divisionof Preventive Oncology, National Center for Tumor Diseases, Im Neuenheimer Feld 460, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Im Neuenheimer Feld 581, D-69120 Heidelberg, Germany.
- Team of Physiology, Nutrition and Endocrinology, Biology Department, FSTE, BP 509 Boutalamine, Errachidia, Morocco.
| | - Mohamed Eddouks
- Team of Physiology, Nutrition and Endocrinology, Biology Department, FSTE, BP 509 Boutalamine, Errachidia, Morocco.
| | - Akdad Mourad
- Team of Physiology, Nutrition and Endocrinology, Biology Department, FSTE, BP 509 Boutalamine, Errachidia, Morocco.
| | - Andrea Breuer
- Divisionof Preventive Oncology, National Center for Tumor Diseases, Im Neuenheimer Feld 460, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Im Neuenheimer Feld 581, D-69120 Heidelberg, Germany.
| | - Robert Wyn Owen
- Divisionof Preventive Oncology, National Center for Tumor Diseases, Im Neuenheimer Feld 460, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Im Neuenheimer Feld 581, D-69120 Heidelberg, Germany.
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Caporarello N, Olivieri M, Cristaldi M, Rusciano D, Lupo G, Anfuso CD. Melanogenesis in uveal melanoma cells: Effect of argan oil. Int J Mol Med 2017; 40:1277-1284. [PMID: 28849034 DOI: 10.3892/ijmm.2017.3104] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2017] [Accepted: 07/26/2017] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
The mechanisms underlying cutaneous melanogenesis have been widely studied; however, very little is known about uveal melanogenesis. Melanin is normally produced by uveal melanocytes and gives the color to the iris. A derangement from this normal production may occur, for instance, by iatrogenic events, such as glaucoma therapy with prostaglandins that may enhance cutaneous and iris pigmentation. In this study, we investigated the mechanisms that regulate uveal melanogenesis in human uveal melanoma cells (92.1) and murine cutaneous melanoma cells (B16-F1). In the first part of the study, we compared the effects of known cutaneous pigmenting agents on the B16-F1 and 92.1 cells, showing an opposite response of the two cell lines. Subsequently, using argan oil, a known depigmenting agent for murine cutaneous melanoma cells, on 92.1 cells, we found that in these cells, it also functioned as an inhibitor of melanogenesis and tyrosinase expression. From a molecular perspective, treatment of the 92.1 cells with argan oil decreased melanogenesis-associated transcription factor (MITF) gene expression by inducing MITF phosphorylation at Ser73, thus leading to MITF ubiquitination and disposal. It also led to the downregulation of the extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK)1/2 and Akt pathways, also known to be involved in cutaneous melanogenesis, although with an opposing function. Taken together, our data indicate that: ⅰ) some differences exist in the regulation of melanogenesis between cutaneous and uveal melanoma cells; and ⅱ) argan oil exerts a depigmenting effect on 92.1 cells through its action on the ERK1/2 and Akt pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nunzia Caporarello
- Department of Biomedical and Biotechnological Sciences, Section of Medical Biochemistry, University of Catania, I-95123 Catania, Italy
| | - Melania Olivieri
- Department of Biomedical and Biotechnological Sciences, Section of Medical Biochemistry, University of Catania, I-95123 Catania, Italy
| | - Martina Cristaldi
- Department of Biomedical and Biotechnological Sciences, Section of Medical Biochemistry, University of Catania, I-95123 Catania, Italy
| | | | - Gabriella Lupo
- Department of Biomedical and Biotechnological Sciences, Section of Medical Biochemistry, University of Catania, I-95123 Catania, Italy
| | - Carmelina Daniela Anfuso
- Department of Biomedical and Biotechnological Sciences, Section of Medical Biochemistry, University of Catania, I-95123 Catania, Italy
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Sour S, Belarbi M, Sari N, Benammar CH, Baghdad CH, Visioli F. Argan oil reduces, in rats, the high fat diet-induced metabolic effects of obesity. Nutr Metab Cardiovasc Dis 2015; 25:382-387. [PMID: 25694362 DOI: 10.1016/j.numecd.2015.01.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/20/2014] [Revised: 01/09/2015] [Accepted: 01/12/2015] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND AIM Obesity is a multi-factorial disorder which is of worldwide concern. In addition to calorie control, some specific dietary components might help resolving some of the complication of obesity, by providing antioxidant and anti-inflammatory activities. We investigated the effect of argan oil supplementation on plasma lipid profile and oxidant-antioxidant status of rats with high-fat diet (HFD)-induced obesity compared with rats fed a normal diet (ND). METHODS AND RESULTS We used an animal model of high fat diet-induced obesity to study the metabolic effects of argan oil and we measured several markers lipid and redox statuses. Consumption of a high-fat diet led to an increase in serum total cholesterol (TC), LDL-cholesterol (LDL-C), and triacylglycerols (TAG) concentrations; however, argan oil blunted the increases of TC, LDL-C and TG, glucose, and insulin. Plasma total antioxidant capacity, erythrocyte catalase and superoxide dismutase activities were lower, whereas plasma hydroperoxide, thiobarbituric acid-reacting substances, and susceptibility of LDL to copper-induced oxidation were higher in obese rats compared with normal rats. Administration of argan oil ameliorated all these indices of redox status. CONCLUSIONS Proper diet and lifestyle should be foremost implemented to reduce the lipoprotein metabolism and oxidant/antioxidant status alterations brought about by obesity. In addition, argan oil reduces the metabolic effects of obesity and its use might be promoted within the context of a balanced diet.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Sour
- Laboratoire des produits naturels, Faculté des sciences de la nature et de la vie et des sciences de la terre et de la vie, Université de Tlemcen, Algeria
| | - M Belarbi
- Laboratoire des produits naturels, Faculté des sciences de la nature et de la vie et des sciences de la terre et de la vie, Université de Tlemcen, Algeria
| | - N Sari
- Laboratoire des produits naturels, Faculté des sciences de la nature et de la vie et des sciences de la terre et de la vie, Université de Tlemcen, Algeria
| | - C H Benammar
- Laboratoire des produits naturels, Faculté des sciences de la nature et de la vie et des sciences de la terre et de la vie, Université de Tlemcen, Algeria
| | - C H Baghdad
- Laboratoire des produits naturels, Faculté des sciences de la nature et de la vie et des sciences de la terre et de la vie, Université de Tlemcen, Algeria
| | - F Visioli
- Laboratory of Functional Foods, Madrid Institute for Advanced Studies (IMDEA)-Food, CEI UAM+CSIC, Madrid, Spain; Department of Molecular Medicine, University of Padova, Viale G, Colombo 3, 35121 Padova, Italy.
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Abbasnezhad A, Hayatdavoudi P, Niazmand S, Mahmoudabady M. The effects of hydroalcoholic extract of Nigella sativa seed on oxidative stress in hippocampus of STZ-induced diabetic rats. AVICENNA JOURNAL OF PHYTOMEDICINE 2015; 5:333-40. [PMID: 26445713 PMCID: PMC4587602] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Oxidative stress plays an important role in the etiology of diabetic complications. Diabetes impairs hippocampus neurogenesis, synaptic plasticity, and learning. The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of hydroalcoholic extract of Nigella sativa seed on oxidative stress in STZ-induced diabetic rats' hippocampus. MATERIALS AND METHODS Diabetes induced by 60 mg/kg STZ, i.p, and the rats were divided into five experimental groups (n=8-10 in each group) including control (received 0.5 ml normal saline), untreated STZ-diabetic (received 0.5 ml normal saline), and treated rats received Nigella sativa extract (200 and 400 mg/kg) or metformin (300 mg/kg) by gavage for 42 days. Serum glucose concentration and body weight as well as hippocampus tissue malondialdehyde and thiol levels were determined by calorimetric assay. RESULTS Serum glucose level in the diabetic rats treated with 200 mg/kg Nigella sativa extract at the days 24 and 45 decreased in comparison to untreated diabetic group (p<0.05, p<0.01, respectively). Weight loss was significantly different between metformin and Nigella sativa extract at the dose of 200 and 400 mg/kg (p<0.05). Thiol content of hippocampus increased by 200 mg/kg Nigella sativa extract in comparison to untreated diabetic group (p<0.05). Malondialdehyde content of hippocampus reduced by Nigella sativa extract, 200 mg/kg (p<0.001), 400 mg/kg (p<0.05), and metformin (p<0.05) in comparison to the untreated diabetic group. CONCLUSION The results of the present study showed that hydroalcoholic extract of the Nigella sativa decreased oxidative stress in hippocampus of the STZ-induced diabetic rats. Nigella sativa at the dose of 200 mg/kg was more effective to reduce oxidative stress in hippocampus of rats.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abbasali Abbasnezhad
- Department of Physiology, School of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Parichehr Hayatdavoudi
- Department of Physiology, School of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Saeed Niazmand
- Department of Physiology, School of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran,Corresponding Author: Tel: +985118002225, Fax: +985118828564,
| | - Maryam Mahmoudabady
- Neurogenic Inflammation Research Center, School of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
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Salil G, Nithya R, Nevin KG, Rajamohan T. Dietary coconut kernel protein beneficially modulates NFκB and RAGE expression in streptozotocin induced diabetes in rats. JOURNAL OF FOOD SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY 2014; 51:2141-7. [PMID: 25190875 PMCID: PMC4152531 DOI: 10.1007/s13197-012-0729-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Revised: 04/09/2012] [Accepted: 04/30/2012] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
Abstract
Previous studies showed that arginine rich coconut kernel protein (CKP) maintains glucose homeostasis in experimental diabetic rats. But the mechanism of this effect was not clear. This study investigated the effect of CKP on the expression of liver receptor for advance glycated end products (RAGE), inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) and NFkB. Diabetes was induced by injecting a single dose of streptozotocin (75 mg/kg body weight) intraperitoneally. After inducing diabetes, CKP was administered to rats orally for 45 days. After the experimental period, serum glucose, insulin, liver glycogen, glucose metabolizing enzyme activities and the expression of liver RAGE, iNOS and NFkB was evaluated. The results showed that CKP beneficially modulated the levels of glucose and insulin as well as the metabolizing enzyme activities. Expression of RAGE and NFkB was found to be over expressed in diabetic rats but was found to be down regulated in CKP fed diabetic rats. iNOS expression was down regulated in diabetic rats, which was expressed normally in CKP fed diabetic rats. These results clearly demonstrated that anti diabetic activity of CKP is mediated through NFkB pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- G. Salil
- />Department of Biochemistry, University of Kerala, Kariavattom Campus, Thiruvananthapuram, Kerala 695 581 India
- />Department of Biochemistry, Mar Baselios Dental College, Thankalam, Kothamangalam, Eranakulam, Kerala 686 691 India
| | - R. Nithya
- />Department of Biochemistry, University of Kerala, Kariavattom Campus, Thiruvananthapuram, Kerala 695 581 India
| | - K. G. Nevin
- />Department of Biochemistry, Division of Biosciences, Sree Narayana Guru Institute of Science and Technology, North Paravoor, Eranakulam, Kerala 683 520 India
| | - T. Rajamohan
- />Department of Biochemistry, University of Kerala, Kariavattom Campus, Thiruvananthapuram, Kerala 695 581 India
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Oishi Y, Sakamoto T, Udagawa H, Taniguchi H, Kobayashi-Hattori K, Ozawa Y, Takita T. Inhibition of Increases in Blood Glucose and Serum Neutral Fat byMomordica charantiaSaponin Fraction. Biosci Biotechnol Biochem 2014; 71:735-40. [PMID: 17341830 DOI: 10.1271/bbb.60570] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
Focusing on a functional component of Momordica charantia, saponin, we investigated its effects on serum glucose and neutral fat levels. Saponin was extracted as a butanol-soluble fraction (saponin fraction) from hot blast-dried Momordica charantia powder. The disaccharidase-inhibitory activity and the pancreatic lipase-inhibitory activity of the saponin fraction were measured, and in vivo sugar- and lipid-loading tests were performed. The saponin fraction inhibited disaccharidase activity and elevation of the blood glucose level after sucrose loading. The fraction also markedly inhibited pancreatic lipase activity and elevation of the serum neutral fat level after corn oil loading. Based on these findings, the main active component related to the anti-diabetic effect of Momordica charantia is present in the butanol fraction, and it may be saponin. The blood glucose and serum neutral fat-lowering effects of Momordica charantia were closely associated with its inhibitory activity against disaccharidase and pancreatic lipase.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuichi Oishi
- Department of Nutritional Science, Faculty of Applied Bioscience, Tokyo University of Agriculture, Sakuragaoka, Tokyo, Japan
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El Abbassi A, Khalid N, Zbakh H, Ahmad A. Physicochemical Characteristics, Nutritional Properties, and Health Benefits of Argan Oil: A Review. Crit Rev Food Sci Nutr 2014; 54:1401-14. [DOI: 10.1080/10408398.2011.638424] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
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Ghosh S, Derle A, Ahire M, More P, Jagtap S, Phadatare SD, Patil AB, Jabgunde AM, Sharma GK, Shinde VS, Pardesi K, Dhavale DD, Chopade BA. Phytochemical analysis and free radical scavenging activity of medicinal plants Gnidia glauca and Dioscorea bulbifera. PLoS One 2013; 8:e82529. [PMID: 24367520 PMCID: PMC3867356 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0082529] [Citation(s) in RCA: 57] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2013] [Accepted: 10/25/2013] [Indexed: 01/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Gnidia glauca and Dioscorea bulbifera are traditional medicinal plants that can be considered as sources of natural antioxidants. Herein we report the phytochemical analysis and free radical scavenging activity of their sequential extracts. Phenolic and flavonoid content were determined. Scavenging activity was checked against pulse radiolysis generated ABTS•+ and OH radical, in addition to DPPH, superoxide and hydroxyl radicals by biochemical methods followed by principal component analysis. G. glauca leaf extracts were rich in phenolic and flavonoid content. Ethyl acetate extract of D. bulbifera bulbs and methanol extract of G. glauca stem exhibited excellent scavenging of pulse radiolysis generated ABTS•+ radical with a second order rate constant of 2.33×106 and 1.72×106, respectively. Similarly, methanol extract of G. glauca flower and ethyl acetate extract of D. bulbifera bulb with second order rate constants of 4.48×106 and 4.46×106 were found to be potent scavengers of pulse radiolysis generated OH radical. G. glauca leaf and stem showed excellent reducing activity and free radical scavenging activity. HPTLC fingerprinting, carried out in mobile phase, chloroform: toluene: ethanol (4: 4: 1, v/v) showed presence of florescent compound at 366 nm as well as UV active compound at 254 nm. GC-TOF-MS analysis revealed the predominance of diphenyl sulfone as major compound in G. glauca. Significant levels of n-hexadecanoic acid and octadecanoic acid were also present. Diosgenin (C27H42O3) and diosgenin (3á,25R) acetate were present as major phytoconstituents in the extracts of D. bulbifera. G. glauca and D. bulbifera contain significant amounts of phytochemicals with antioxidative properties that can be exploited as a potential source for herbal remedy for oxidative stress induced diseases. These results rationalize further investigation in the potential discovery of new natural bioactive principles from these two important medicinal plants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sougata Ghosh
- Institute of Bioinformatics and Biotechnology, University of Pune, Pune, India
| | - Abhishek Derle
- Institute of Bioinformatics and Biotechnology, University of Pune, Pune, India
| | - Mehul Ahire
- Institute of Bioinformatics and Biotechnology, University of Pune, Pune, India
| | - Piyush More
- Institute of Bioinformatics and Biotechnology, University of Pune, Pune, India
| | - Soham Jagtap
- Institute of Bioinformatics and Biotechnology, University of Pune, Pune, India
| | - Suvarna D. Phadatare
- National Centre For Free Radical Research, Department of Chemistry, University of Pune, Pune, India
| | - Ajay B. Patil
- Garware Research Centre, Department of Chemistry, University of Pune, Pune, India
| | - Amit M. Jabgunde
- Garware Research Centre, Department of Chemistry, University of Pune, Pune, India
| | - Geeta K. Sharma
- National Centre For Free Radical Research, Department of Chemistry, University of Pune, Pune, India
| | - Vaishali S. Shinde
- Garware Research Centre, Department of Chemistry, University of Pune, Pune, India
| | | | - Dilip D. Dhavale
- Garware Research Centre, Department of Chemistry, University of Pune, Pune, India
| | - Balu A. Chopade
- Institute of Bioinformatics and Biotechnology, University of Pune, Pune, India
- Department of Microbiology, University of Pune, Pune, India
- * E-mail:
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Haimeur A, Messaouri H, Ulmann L, Mimouni V, Masrar A, Chraibi A, Tremblin G, Meskini N. Argan oil prevents prothrombotic complications by lowering lipid levels and platelet aggregation, enhancing oxidative status in dyslipidemic patients from the area of Rabat (Morocco). Lipids Health Dis 2013; 12:107. [PMID: 23870174 PMCID: PMC3751630 DOI: 10.1186/1476-511x-12-107] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/15/2013] [Accepted: 07/04/2013] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Background It is now established that patients with hyperlipidemia have a high risk of atherosclerosis and thrombotic complications, which are two important events responsible for the onset and progression of cardiovascular disease. In the context of managing dyslipidemia by means of dietary advice based on the consumption of argan oil, we wanted to investigate the effect of virgin argan oil on plasma lipids, and for the first time, on the platelet hyperactivation and oxidative status associated with dyslipidemia. This study concerns patients recruited in the area of Rabat in Morocco. Methods 39 dyslipidemic (79% women) patients were recruited for our study in the area of Rabat in Morocco. They were randomly assigned to the two following groups: the argan group, in which the subjects consumed 25 mL/day of argan oil at breakfast for 3 weeks, and the control group in which argan oil was replaced by butter. Results After a 3-week consumption period, blood total cholesterol was significantly lower in the argan oil group, as was LDL cholesterol (23.8% and 25.6% lower, respectively). However, the HDL cholesterol level had increased by 26% at the end of the intervention period compared to baseline. Interestingly, in the argan oil group thrombin-induced platelet aggregation was lower, and oxidative status was enhanced as a result of lower platelet MDA and higher GPx activity, respectively. Conclusions In conclusion, our results, even if it is not representative of the Moroccan population, show that argan oil can prevent the prothrombotic complications associated with dyslipidemia, which are a major risk factor for cardiovascular disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adil Haimeur
- IUT Département Génie Biologique, Université du Maine, PRES L'UNAM, EA 2160 MMS (Mer, Molécules, Santé), Faculté des Sciences et Techniques, Le Mans, Laval, France
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Mekhfi H, Belmekki F, Ziyyat A, Legssyer A, Bnouham M, Aziz M. Antithrombotic activity of argan oil: An in vivo experimental study. Nutrition 2012; 28:937-41. [DOI: 10.1016/j.nut.2011.11.032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/22/2011] [Revised: 07/04/2011] [Accepted: 11/26/2011] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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Klein G, Kim J, Himmeldirk K, Cao Y, Chen X. Antidiabetes and Anti-obesity Activity of Lagerstroemia speciosa. EVIDENCE-BASED COMPLEMENTARY AND ALTERNATIVE MEDICINE 2012; 4:401-7. [PMID: 18227906 PMCID: PMC2176148 DOI: 10.1093/ecam/nem013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 121] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/07/2006] [Accepted: 01/16/2007] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
Abstract
The leaves of Lagerstroemia speciosa (Lythraceae), a Southeast Asian tree more commonly known as banaba, have been traditionally consumed in various forms by Philippinos for treatment of diabetes and kidney related diseases. In the 1990s, the popularity of this herbal medicine began to attract the attention of scientists worldwide. Since then, researchers have conducted numerous in vitro and in vivo studies that consistently confirmed the antidiabetic activity of banaba. Scientists have identified different components of banaba to be responsible for its activity. Using tumor cells as a cell model, corosolic acid was isolated from the methanol extract of banaba and shown to be an active compound. More recently, a different cell model and the focus on the water soluble fraction of the extract led to the discovery of other compounds. The ellagitannin Lagerstroemin was identified as an effective component of the banaba extract responsible for the activity. In a different approach, using 3T3-L1 adipocytes as a cell model and a glucose uptake assay as the functional screening method, Chen et al. showed that the banaba water extract exhibited an insulin-like glucose transport inducing activity. Coupling HPLC fractionation with a glucose uptake assay, gallotannins were identified in the banaba extract as components responsible for the activity, not corosolic acid. Penta-O-galloyl-glucopyranose (PGG) was identified as the most potent gallotannin. A comparison of published data with results obtained for PGG indicates that PGG has a significantly higher glucose transport stimulatory activity than Lagerstroemin. Chen et al. have also shown that PGG exhibits anti-adipogenic properties in addition to stimulating the glucose uptake in adipocytes. The combination of glucose uptake and anti-adipogenesis activity is not found in the current insulin mimetic drugs and may indicate a great therapeutic potential of PGG.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guy Klein
- College of Osteopathic Medicine, Edison Biotechnology Institute, Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, The Molecular and Cellular Biology Program, Department of Biological Science and Department of Biomedical Science, Ohio University, USA
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Cabrera-Vique C, Marfil R, Giménez R, Martínez-Augustin O. Bioactive compounds and nutritional significance of virgin argan oil - an edible oil with potential as a functional food. Nutr Rev 2012; 70:266-79. [DOI: 10.1111/j.1753-4887.2012.00478.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/03/2023] Open
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Dusane MB, Joshi BN. Islet protective and insulin secretion property of Murraya koenigii and Ocimum tenuflorum in streptozotocin-induced diabetic mice. Can J Physiol Pharmacol 2012; 90:371-8. [PMID: 22397690 DOI: 10.1139/y11-133] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
The present study investigates the antidiabetogenic effects of Murraya koenigii (L.) Spr. and Ocimum tenuflorum L. on streptozotocin-induced diabetic Swiss mice. Treatment with extracts of M. koenigii (chloroform; MKC) and O. tenuflorum (aqueous; OTA) resulted in proper glucose utilization with an increase in liver glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase enzyme activity, and normal glycogenesis in hepatic and muscle tissues. Pancreatic and intestinal glucosidase inhibitory activity observed with MKC and OTA treatment indicated beneficial effects in reducing postprandial hyperglycemia with concomitant improvement in glucose metabolism. The glucosidase inhibition was prolonged, even after discontinuation of MKC and OTA treatment. Normalization of plasma insulin and C-peptide levels was observed in diabetic mice, indicating endogenous insulin secretion after treatment. The histochemical and immunohistochemical analysis of pancreatic islets suggests the role of MKC and OTA in pancreatic β-cell protection and the functional pancreatic islets that produce insulin. The study demonstrates the significance of MKC and OTA in glucosidase inhibition and islet protection in the murine diabetic model. These findings suggest the potential of the extracts in adjuvant therapy for the treatment of diabetes and the possible development of potential neutraceuticals.
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Ansarullah, Bharucha B, Umarani M, Dwivedi M, Laddha NC, Begum R, Hardikar AA, Ramachandran AV. Oreocnide integrifolia Flavonoids Augment Reprogramming for Islet Neogenesis and β-Cell Regeneration in Pancreatectomized BALB/c Mice. EVIDENCE-BASED COMPLEMENTARY AND ALTERNATIVE MEDICINE : ECAM 2012; 2012:260467. [PMID: 22474495 PMCID: PMC3303763 DOI: 10.1155/2012/260467] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2011] [Revised: 10/12/2011] [Accepted: 11/09/2011] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Agents which can either trigger proliferation of β-cells or induce neogenesis of β-cells from precursors would be of pivotal role in reversing diabetic manifestations. We examined the role of flavonoid rich fraction (FRF) of Oreocnide integrifolia leaves using a mice model of experimental regeneration. BALB/c mice were subjected to ~70% pancreatectomy (Px) and supplemented with FRF for 7, 14, and 21 days after pancreatectomy. Px animals displayed increased blood glucose levels and decreased insulin titres which were ameliorated by FRF supplementation. FRF-treated mice demonstrated prominent newly formed islets budding off from ducts and depicting increased BrdU incorporation. Additionally, transcripts levels of Ins1/2, Reg-3α/γ, Ngn-3, and Pdx-1 were upregulated during the initial 1 week. The present study provides evidence of a nutraceutical contributing to islet neogenesis from ductal cells as the mode of β-cell regeneration and a potential therapeutic for clinical trials in management of diabetic manifestations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ansarullah
- 1Department of Zoology, Faculty of Science, The M. S. University of Baroda, Gujarat Vadodara 390002, India
| | - Bhavna Bharucha
- 1Department of Zoology, Faculty of Science, The M. S. University of Baroda, Gujarat Vadodara 390002, India
| | - Malati Umarani
- 2Lab No. 10 Stem Cells and Diabetes Section, National Centre for Cell Sciences, Maharashtra Pune 411007, India
| | - Mitesh Dwivedi
- 3Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Science, The M. S. University of Baroda, Gujarat Vadodara 390002, India
| | - Naresh C. Laddha
- 3Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Science, The M. S. University of Baroda, Gujarat Vadodara 390002, India
| | - Rasheedunnisa Begum
- 3Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Science, The M. S. University of Baroda, Gujarat Vadodara 390002, India
| | - Anandwardhan A. Hardikar
- 4Diabetes and Pancreas Biology Group, The O'Brien Institute and The University of Melbourne, 42 Fitzroy Street, Melbourne, VIC 3065, Australia
| | - A. V. Ramachandran
- 1Department of Zoology, Faculty of Science, The M. S. University of Baroda, Gujarat Vadodara 390002, India
- 5Division of Metabolic Endocrinology, Department of Zoology, Faculty of Science, The M. S. University of Baroda, Gujarat Vadodara 390002, India
- *A. V. Ramachandran:
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Katiyar D, Singh B, Lall AM, Haldar C. Efficacy of chitooligosaccharides for the management of diabetes in alloxan induced mice: A correlative study with antihyperlipidemic and antioxidative activity. Eur J Pharm Sci 2011; 44:534-43. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ejps.2011.09.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/25/2011] [Revised: 09/10/2011] [Accepted: 09/15/2011] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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Qaddouri B, Guaadaoui A, Bellirou A, Hamal A, Melhaoui A, Brown GW, Bellaoui M. The Budding Yeast "Saccharomyces cerevisiae" as a Drug Discovery Tool to Identify Plant-Derived Natural Products with Anti-Proliferative Properties. EVIDENCE-BASED COMPLEMENTARY AND ALTERNATIVE MEDICINE 2011; 2011:954140. [PMID: 19596744 PMCID: PMC3139508 DOI: 10.1093/ecam/nep069] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/25/2008] [Accepted: 05/28/2009] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
The budding yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae is a valuable system to study cell-cycle regulation, which is defective in cancer cells. Due to the highly conserved nature of the cell-cycle machinery between yeast and humans, yeast studies are directly relevant to anticancer-drug discovery. The budding yeast is also an excellent model system for identifying and studying antifungal compounds because of the functional conservation of fungal genes. Moreover, yeast studies have also contributed greatly to our understanding of the biological targets and modes of action of bioactive compounds. Understanding the mechanism of action of clinically relevant compounds is essential for the design of improved second-generation molecules. Here we describe our methodology for screening a library of plant-derived natural products in yeast in order to identify and characterize new compounds with anti-proliferative properties.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bouchra Qaddouri
- Laboratoire de Génétique et Biotechnologies, Faculté des Sciences, Université Mohamed Premier, Oujda 60000, Morocco
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Bhat M, Kothiwale SK, Tirmale AR, Bhargava SY, Joshi BN. Antidiabetic Properties of Azardiracta indica and Bougainvillea spectabilis: In Vivo Studies in Murine Diabetes Model. EVIDENCE-BASED COMPLEMENTARY AND ALTERNATIVE MEDICINE : ECAM 2011; 2011:561625. [PMID: 19389871 PMCID: PMC3136679 DOI: 10.1093/ecam/nep033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/18/2008] [Accepted: 03/25/2009] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Diabetes mellitus is a metabolic syndrome characterized by an increase in the blood glucose level. Treatment of diabetes is complicated due to multifactorial nature of the disease. Azadirachta indica Adr. Juss and Bougainvillea spectabilis are reported to have medicinal values including antidiabetic properties. In the present study using invivo diabetic murine model, A. indica and B. spectabilis chloroform, methanolic and aqueous extracts were investigated for the biochemical parameters important for controlling diabetes. It was found that A. indica chloroform extract and B. spectabilis aqueous, methanolic extracts showed a good oral glucose tolerance and significantly reduced the intestinal glucosidase activity. Interestingly, A. indica chloroform and B. spectabilis aqueous extracts showed significant increase in glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase activity and hepatic, skeletal muscle glycogen content after 21 days of treatment. In immunohistochemical analysis, we observed a regeneration of insulin-producing cells and corresponding increase in the plasma insulin and c-peptide levels with the treatment of A. indica chloroform and B. spectabilis aqueous, methanolic extracts. Analyzing the results, it is clear that A. indica chloroform and B. spectabilis aqueous extracts are good candidates for developing new neutraceuticals treatment for diabetes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Menakshi Bhat
- Institute of Bioinformatics and Biotechnology, India
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Benhaddou-Andaloussi A, Martineau L, Vuong T, Meddah B, Madiraju P, Settaf A, Haddad PS. The In Vivo Antidiabetic Activity of Nigella sativa Is Mediated through Activation of the AMPK Pathway and Increased Muscle Glut4 Content. EVIDENCE-BASED COMPLEMENTARY AND ALTERNATIVE MEDICINE : ECAM 2011; 2011:538671. [PMID: 21584245 PMCID: PMC3092603 DOI: 10.1155/2011/538671] [Citation(s) in RCA: 60] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2010] [Revised: 01/26/2011] [Accepted: 02/15/2011] [Indexed: 12/05/2022]
Abstract
The antidiabetic effect of N. sativa seed ethanol extract (NSE) was assessed in Meriones shawi after development of diabetes. Meriones shawi were divided randomly into four groups: normal control, diabetic control, diabetic treated with NSE (2 g eq plant/kg) or with metformin (300 mg/kg) positive control, both administered by daily intragastric gavage for 4 weeks. Glycaemia and body weight were evaluated weekly. At study's end, an Oral Glucose Tolerance Test (OGTT) was performed to estimate insulin sensitivity. Upon sacrifice, plasma lipid profile, insulin, leptin, and adiponectin levels were assessed. ACC phosphorylation and Glut4 protein content were determined in liver and skeletal muscle. NSE animals showed a progressive normalization of glycaemia, albeit slower than that of metformin controls. Moreover, NSE increased insulinemia and HDL-cholesterol, compared to diabetic controls. Leptin and adiponectin were unchanged. NSE treatment decreased OGTT and tended to decrease liver and muscle triglyceride content. NSE stimulated muscle and liver ACC phosphorylation and increased muscle Glut4. These results confirm NSE's previously reported hypoglycaemic and hypolipidemic activity. More significantly, our data demonstrate that in vivo treatment with NSE exerts an insulin-sensitizing action by enhancing ACC phosphorylation, a major component of the insulin-independent AMPK signaling pathway, and by enhancing muscle Glut4 expression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ali Benhaddou-Andaloussi
- Department of Pharmacology and Montreal Diabetes Research Center, Université de Montréal, Montréal, QC, Canada H3C 3J7
- Institut des Nutraceutiques et des Aliments Fonctionnels, Laval University, Quebec City, QC, Canada G1K7P4
| | - Louis Martineau
- Department of Pharmacology and Montreal Diabetes Research Center, Université de Montréal, Montréal, QC, Canada H3C 3J7
- Institut des Nutraceutiques et des Aliments Fonctionnels, Laval University, Quebec City, QC, Canada G1K7P4
| | - Tri Vuong
- Department of Pharmacology and Montreal Diabetes Research Center, Université de Montréal, Montréal, QC, Canada H3C 3J7
- Institut des Nutraceutiques et des Aliments Fonctionnels, Laval University, Quebec City, QC, Canada G1K7P4
| | - Bouchra Meddah
- Research Team in Pharmacokinetics, Laboratory of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Medicine and Pharmacy, Mohammed V University, Rabat-Souissi, Morocco
| | - Padma Madiraju
- Department of Pharmacology and Montreal Diabetes Research Center, Université de Montréal, Montréal, QC, Canada H3C 3J7
- Institut des Nutraceutiques et des Aliments Fonctionnels, Laval University, Quebec City, QC, Canada G1K7P4
| | - Abdellatif Settaf
- Research Team in Pharmacokinetics, Laboratory of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Medicine and Pharmacy, Mohammed V University, Rabat-Souissi, Morocco
| | - Pierre S. Haddad
- Department of Pharmacology and Montreal Diabetes Research Center, Université de Montréal, Montréal, QC, Canada H3C 3J7
- Institut des Nutraceutiques et des Aliments Fonctionnels, Laval University, Quebec City, QC, Canada G1K7P4
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Rao YK, Lee MJ, Chen K, Lee YC, Wu WS, Tzeng YM. Insulin-Mimetic Action of Rhoifolin and Cosmosiin Isolated from Citrus grandis (L.) Osbeck Leaves: Enhanced Adiponectin Secretion and Insulin Receptor Phosphorylation in 3T3-L1 Cells. EVIDENCE-BASED COMPLEMENTARY AND ALTERNATIVE MEDICINE 2011; 2011:624375. [PMID: 20008903 PMCID: PMC3152991 DOI: 10.1093/ecam/nep204] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/22/2009] [Accepted: 11/09/2009] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Citrus grandis (L.) Osbeck (red wendun) leaves have been used in traditional Chinese medicine to treat several illnesses including diabetes. However, there is no scientific evidence supporting these actions and its active compounds. Two flavone glycosides, rhoifolin and cosmosiin were isolated for the first time from red wendun leaves and, identified these leaves are rich source for rhoifolin (1.1%, w/w). In differentiated 3T3-L1 adipocytes, rhoifolin and cosmosiin showed dose-dependent response in concentration range of o.oo1–5 μM and 1–20 μM, respectively, in biological studies beneficial to diabetes. Particularly, rhoifolin and cosmosiin at 0.5 and 20 μM, respectively showed nearly similar response to that 10 nM of insulin, on adiponectin secretion level. Furthermore, 5 μM of rhoifolin and 20 μM of cosmosiin showed equal potential with 10 nM of insulin to increase the phosphorylation of insulin receptor-β, in addition to their positive effect on GLUT4 translocation. These findings indicate that rhoifolin and cosmosiin from red wendun leaves may be beneficial for diabetic complications through their enhanced adiponectin secretion, tyrosine phosphorylation of insulin receptor-β and GLUT4 translocation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yerra Koteswara Rao
- Institute of Biochemical Sciences and Technology, Chaoyang University of Technology, 168 Gofeng E Road, Wufeng 41349, Taiwan
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Sharma SB, Rajpoot R, Nasir A, Prabhu KM, Murthy PS. Ameliorative Effect of Active Principle Isolated from Seeds of Eugenia jambolana on Carbohydrate Metabolism in Experimental Diabetes. EVIDENCE-BASED COMPLEMENTARY AND ALTERNATIVE MEDICINE 2011; 2011:789871. [PMID: 21811514 PMCID: PMC3145463 DOI: 10.1093/ecam/nep233] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2009] [Accepted: 11/25/2009] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
The aim of this study was to evaluate the antidiabetic activity of LH II purified from ethanolic seed extract of Eugenia jambolana in alloxan-induced mild diabetic (MD) and severely diabetic (SD) rabbits. Ethanolic extract upon chromatographic purification yielded partially purified hypoglycemic principle (SIII) which on further purification by sephadex LH 20 yielded pharmacological active compound LH II. Homogeneity of LH II was tested by HPLC. Phytochemical investigation of LH II by various structural spectra showed the presence of saturated fatty acid, Δ(5) lipid and presence of sterol. LH II was administered orally at a dose of 10 mg kg(-1) body weight to MD and SD. LH II resulted, significant fall in FBG at 90 min (21.2% MD: 28.6% SD), 7th day (35.6% MD) and 15th day (59.6% SD). Glycosylated hemoglobin was significantly decreased (50.5%) in SD after 15 days treatment (Tt). Plasma insulin levels were significantly increased (P < .001). In vitro studies with pancreatic islets showed 3-fold increase in insulin levels as compared to untreated animals. LH II also showed extrapancreatic effect by significantly increasing (P < .001) the activity of key enzymes of glycolysis and significantly decreasing (P < .001) the activity of key enzymes of gluconeogenesis. Liver and muscle glycogen content were increased by 36.6 and 30% for MD, and 52 and 47% for SD, respectively. Thus, the present study demonstrates that LH II possesses potent antidiabetic activity and it is effective in both MD and SD rabbits.
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Affiliation(s)
- Suman Bala Sharma
- Department of Biochemistry, University College of Medical Sciences, University of Delhi, Delhi 110095, India
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Krisanapun C, Lee SH, Peungvicha P, Temsiririrkkul R, Baek SJ. Antidiabetic Activities of Abutilon indicum (L.) Sweet Are Mediated by Enhancement of Adipocyte Differentiation and Activation of the GLUT1 Promoter. EVIDENCE-BASED COMPLEMENTARY AND ALTERNATIVE MEDICINE 2011; 2011:167684. [PMID: 21603234 PMCID: PMC3094712 DOI: 10.1093/ecam/neq004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/20/2009] [Accepted: 01/01/2010] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Abutilon indicum (L.) Sweet is an Asian phytomedicine traditionally used to treat several disorders, including diabetes mellitus. However, molecular mechanisms supporting the antidiabetic effect of A. indicum L. remain unknown. The aim of this study was to evaluate whether extract of A. indicum L. improves insulin sensitivity. First, we observed the antidiabetic activity of aqueous extract of the entire plant (leaves, twigs and roots) of A. indicum L. on postprandial plasma glucose in diabetic rats. The subsequent experiments revealed that butanol fractions of the extract bind to PPARγ and activate 3T3-L1 differentiation. To measure glucose uptake enhanced by insulin-like activity, we used rat diaphragm incubated with various concentrations of the crude extract and found that the extract enhances glucose consumption in the incubated solution. Our data also indicate that the crude extract and the fractions (water and butanol) did not affect the activity of kinases involved in Akt and GSK-3β pathways; however, the reporter assay showed that the crude extract could activate glucose transporter 1 (GLUT1) promoter activity. These results suggest that the extract from A. indicum L. may be beneficial for reducing insulin resistance through its potency in regulating adipocyte differentiation through PPARγ agonist activity, and increasing glucose utilization via GLUT1.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chutwadee Krisanapun
- Department of Pathobiology, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Tennessee, 2407 River Drive, Knoxville, TN 37996, USA
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Iyer A, Brown L. Fermented wheat germ extract (avemar) in the treatment of cardiac remodeling and metabolic symptoms in rats. EVIDENCE-BASED COMPLEMENTARY AND ALTERNATIVE MEDICINE 2011; 2011:508957. [PMID: 19622599 PMCID: PMC3135775 DOI: 10.1093/ecam/nep090] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/06/2009] [Accepted: 06/25/2009] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
Abstract
Avemar, a product of industrial fermentation of wheat germ with a standardized content of benzoquinone and plant flavonoids, has been tested as an anti-cancer and immunomodulatory dietary supplement. Proposed mechanisms include anti-oxidant and anti-inflammatory actions. This study has determined whether these actions of Avemar may also be useful in the treatment of cardiovascular diseases. Two experimental rat models of cardiovascular remodeling were used in this project: the deoxycorticosterone acetate (DOCA)-salt-induced model of chronic hypertension (study I) and a high-carbohydrate/high-fat diet-induced model producing chronic symptoms of the metabolic syndrome and its associated cardiovascular complications (study II). Our results in these rat models of hypertension and diet-induced obesity show that treatment with Avemar improved cardiac function, decreased macrophage infiltration resulting in decreased collagen deposition in the ventricular myocardium, reversed an increased stiffness of the left ventricle in the diseased hearts and attenuated increased plasma malondialdehyde concentrations. In addition to the changes in the heart, Avemar reversed glucose intolerance, normalized systolic blood pressure and decreased visceral fat deposition in rats fed a high-fat/high-carbohydrate diet. In conclusion, the fermented wheat germ extract Avemar has a potential role in attenuating chronic hypertension, diabetes or metabolic syndrome-induced cardiovascular symptoms along with metabolic abnormalities such as glucose tolerance and obesity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abishek Iyer
- School of Biomedical Sciences, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, 4072, Australia
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Ou TT, Wang CJ, Hung GU, Wu CH, Lee HJ. Aqueous Extract of Shi-Liu-Wei-Liu-Qi-Yin Induces G2/M Phase Arrest and Apoptosis in Human Bladder Carcinoma Cells via Fas and Mitochondrial Pathway. EVIDENCE-BASED COMPLEMENTARY AND ALTERNATIVE MEDICINE 2011; 2011:nep016. [PMID: 19383839 PMCID: PMC3135273 DOI: 10.1093/ecam/nep016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/23/2008] [Accepted: 01/28/2009] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Shi-Liu-Wei-Liu-Qi-Yin (SLWLQY) was traditionally used to treat cancers. However, scientific evidence of the anticancer effects still remains undefined. In this study, we aimed to clarify the possible mechanisms of SLWLQY in treating cancer. We evaluated the effects of SLWLQY on apoptosis-related experiments inducing in TSGH-8301 cells by (i) 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-zyl)-2,5-diphenylterazolium bromide (MTT) for cytotoxicity; (ii) cell-cycle analysis and (iii) western blot analysis of the G2/M-phase and apoptosis regulatory proteins. Human bladder carcinoma TSGH-8301 cells were transplanted into BALB/c nude mice as a tumor model for evaluating the antitumor effect of SLWLQY. Treatment of SLWLQY resulted in the G2/M phase arrest and apoptotic death in a dose-dependent manner, accompanied by a decrease in cyclin-dependent kinases (cdc2) and cyclins (cyclin B1). SLWLQY stimulated increases in the protein expression of Fas and FasL, and induced the cleavage of caspase-3, caspase-9 and caspase-8. The ratio of Bax/Bcl2 was increased by SLWLQY treatment. SLWLQY markedly reduced tumor size in TSGH-8301 cells-xenografted tumor tissues. In the tissue specimen, SLWLQY up-regulated the expression of Fas, FasL and Bax proteins, and down-regulated Bcl2 as well as in in vitro assay. Our results showed that SLWLQY reduced tumor growth, caused cell-cycle arrest and apoptosis in TSGH-8301 cells via the Fas and mitochondrial pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ting-Tsz Ou
- Institute of Biochemistry and Biotechnology, College of Medicine, Chung Shan Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
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Arginine rich coconut kernel protein modulates diabetes in alloxan treated rats. Chem Biol Interact 2011; 189:107-11. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cbi.2010.10.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/04/2010] [Revised: 10/18/2010] [Accepted: 10/23/2010] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
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El Monfalouti H, Guillaume D, Denhez C, Charrouf Z. Therapeutic potential of argan oil: a review. J Pharm Pharmacol 2010; 62:1669-75. [DOI: 10.1111/j.2042-7158.2010.01190.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 104] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
Objectives
The therapeutic benefits of argan oil consumption have been claimed by natives of Morocco and explorers for more than eight centuries. However, argan oil has remained unresearched for a long time. Traditionally, argan oil has been well known for its cardioprotective properties and it is also used in the treatment of skin infections. Argan oil is principally composed of mono-unsaturated (up to 80%) and saturated (up to 20%) fatty acids. As minor components, it contains polyphenols, tocopherols, sterols, squalene, and triterpene alcohols. Together with the mono-unsaturated fatty acids, these minor components are likely to be responsible for its beneficial effects. This review aims to present an overview of the known pharmacological properties of argan oil.
Key findings
Antiproliferative, antidiabetic, and cardiovascular-protective effects of argan oil have been particularly actively evaluated over the last 5 years in order to build on phytochemical studies that indicate the presence of large amounts of possibly pharmacologically active compounds.
Summary
This review shows that a lack of clinical data constitutes a serious weakness in our knowledge about argan oil, therefore it is difficult to correlate the reported pharmacological activities to any potential clinical relevance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hanae El Monfalouti
- Université de Reims Champagne Ardenne, Laboratoire de Chimie Thérapeutique, 51 Rue Cognacq Jay, 51100 Reims, France
- Université Mohammed V-Agdal, Laboratoire de Chimie des Plantes, Faculté des Sciences, BP 1014, Rabat, Morocco
| | - Dom Guillaume
- Université de Reims Champagne Ardenne, Laboratoire de Chimie Thérapeutique, 51 Rue Cognacq Jay, 51100 Reims, France
| | - Clément Denhez
- Université de Reims Champagne Ardenne, Laboratoire de Chimie Thérapeutique, 51 Rue Cognacq Jay, 51100 Reims, France
| | - Zoubida Charrouf
- Université Mohammed V-Agdal, Laboratoire de Chimie des Plantes, Faculté des Sciences, BP 1014, Rabat, Morocco
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Hypoglycemic and Hepatoprotective Activity of Fermented Fruit Juice of Morinda citrifolia (Noni) in Diabetic Rats. EVIDENCE-BASED COMPLEMENTARY AND ALTERNATIVE MEDICINE 2010; 2011:875293. [PMID: 20981320 PMCID: PMC2958566 DOI: 10.1155/2011/875293] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2010] [Revised: 06/20/2010] [Accepted: 09/30/2010] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Morinda citrifolia is a medicinal plant used to treat diabetes and liver diseases. The fermented fruit juice of the M. Citrifolia (optical density = 1.25) was used to study the hypoglycemic and hepatoprotective properties in diabetes-induced rats. The rats were randomly distributed into 4 groups (control, diabetic experimental, diabetic standard, and diabetic untreated) of 6 each. Diabetes was induced by administering Streptozotocin (50 mg/kg body weight). Fasting blood glucose, body mass, liver tissue glycogen content, and the extent of liver degeneration were assessed. Diabetic experimental animals were treated with M. citrifolia juice (2 ml/kg, twice a day) and diabetic standard with reference hypoglycemic drug, glibenclamide orally for 20 days. Both the groups exhibited a significant reduction in blood glucose level of 150 mg/dl ±15.88 and 125 mg/dl ±3.89, respectively, as compared to diabetic untreated with FBS = 360.0 mg/dl ±15.81, (P < .003). On 10th day of experiment, diabetic experimental animals exhibited a decrease in body mass (10.2 g, 5.11%) which increased significantly by the 20th day (6 g, 3.0%, P < .022). Histological study of liver tissue obtained from untreated diabetic animals revealed significant fatty degeneration as compared to other three groups. The data of this study proved the hypoglycemic and hepatoprotective activity of M. citrifolia.
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Anti-Hyperglycemic Properties of Crude Extract and Triterpenes from Poria cocos. EVIDENCE-BASED COMPLEMENTARY AND ALTERNATIVE MEDICINE 2010; 2011. [PMID: 20924500 PMCID: PMC2949581 DOI: 10.1155/2011/128402] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2010] [Accepted: 08/07/2010] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
Poria cocos, Bai Fu Ling in Chinese, is used in traditional Chinese medicine to treat diabetes. However, its claimed benefits and mechanism are not fully understood. This study aimed to investigate the effect and action of P. cocos on type 2 diabetes. We first performed phytochemical analysis on the crude extract and factions of P. cocos. P. cocos crude extract at 50 mg/kg body weight or more significantly decreased blood glucose levels in db/db mice. Based on a bioactivity-directed fractionation and isolation (BDFI) strategy, chloroform fraction and subfractions 4 and 6 of the P. cocos crude extract possessed a blood glucose-lowering effect. Dehydrotumulosic acid, dehydrotrametenolic acid, and pachymic acid were identified from the chloroform sub-fractions 4, 3, and 2, respectively. Dehydrotumulosic acid had anti-hyperglycemic effect to a greater extent than dehydrotrametenolic acid and pachymic acid. Mechanistic study on streptozocin- (STZ-) treated mice showed that the crude extract, dehydrotumulosic acid, dehydrotrametenolic acid, and pachymic acid of P. cocos exhibited different levels of insulin sensitizer activity. However, the P. cocos crude extract and triterpenes appeared not to activate PPAR-γ pathway. Overall, the data suggest that the P. cocos extract and its triterpenes reduce postprandial blood glucose levels in db/db mice via enhanced insulin sensitivity irrespective of PPAR-γ.
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Semecarpus anacardium (Bhallataka) Alters the Glucose Metabolism and Energy Production in Diabetic Rats. EVIDENCE-BASED COMPLEMENTARY AND ALTERNATIVE MEDICINE 2010; 2011. [PMID: 20924498 PMCID: PMC2949585 DOI: 10.1155/2011/142978] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/12/2010] [Revised: 05/11/2010] [Accepted: 06/27/2010] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
Abstract
Glucose produced by gluconeogenesis and glycogenolysis plays an important role in aggravating hyperglycemia in diabetes, and altered mitochondrial function is associated with impaired energy production. The present study focuses on the effect of Semecarpus anacardium on carbohydrate metabolism and energy production in diabetic rats. Diabetes was induced by the administration of Streptozotocin at a dose of 50 mg/kg.b.wt. Three days after the induction, Semecarpus anacardium at a dose of 300 mg/kg.b.wt was administered for 21 days. After the experimental duration, the activities of the enzymes involved in Glycolysis, TCA cycle, gluconeogenesis, and glycogen were assayed in the liver and kidney of the experimental animals. In addition, to the complexes the protein expression of AKT and PI3K were assayed. The levels of the enzymes involved in Glycolysis and TCA cycle increased, while that of gluconeogensis decreased. The activities of the mitochondrial complexes were also favorably modulated. The expressions of PI3K and AKT also increased in the skeletal muscle. These effects may be attributed to the hypoglycemic and the antioxidative activity of Semecarpus anacardium. The results of the study revealed that Semecarpus anacardium was able to restore the altered activities of the enzymes involved in carbohydrate metabolism and energy production.
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Abstract
Bitter gourd (BG, Momordica charantia) exerts proven blood glucose- and body weight-lowering effects. To develop an effective and safe application, it is necessary to identify the bioactive compounds and biochemical mechanisms responsible for these effects in type 2 diabetes. A total of forty-five 4-week-old male db/db mice were assigned to five groups of nine each. The mice were given sterile tap water as a control, a whole fruit powder, the lipid fraction, the saponin fraction or the hydrophilic residue of BG at a daily oral dosage of 150 mg/kg body weight for 5 weeks, respectively. Weight gain was significantly decreased in all the BG-treated groups (P ≤ 0.05). Glycated Hb levels were the highest in the control mice compared with all the four BG-treated mice (P = 0.02). The lipid fraction had the strongest effect, and it tended (P = 0.075) to reduce glycated Hb levels from 9.3 % (control mice) to 8.0 % (lipid fraction-treated mice). The lipid and saponin fractions reduced lipid peroxidation of adipose tissue significantly (P ≤ 0.01). Additionally, the saponin fraction and the lipid fraction reduced protein tyrosine phosphatase 1B (PTP 1B) activity in skeletal muscle cytosol by 25 % (P = 0.05) and 23 % (P = 0.07), respectively. PTP 1B is the physiological antagonist of the insulin signalling pathway. Inhibition of PTP 1B increases insulin sensitivity. This is the first study to demonstrate that BG is involved in PTP 1B regulation, and thus explains one possible biochemical mechanism underlying the antidiabetic effects of BG in insulin resistance and type 2 diabetes.
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Charrouf Z, Guillaume D. Should the amazigh diet (regular and moderate argan-oil consumption) have a beneficial impact on human health? Crit Rev Food Sci Nutr 2010; 50:473-7. [PMID: 20373191 DOI: 10.1080/10408390802544520] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Abstract
Virgin argan oil, cosmetic or dietary grade, is prepared by cold-pressing the kernels of argan fruits. Both types of oil, traditionally used by the amazighs (the argan grove traditional dwellers), are now available on the shelves of the most-developed country stores. Argan oil contains a high level of oleic and linoleic acid and is also particularly rich in phenols. Since these metabolites are currently considered as essential to explain some of the protective effects against cancer and coronary heart disease attributed to other oils, similar effects can be expected from argan oil consumption as suggested by the amazigh medicine claims. Interestingly, argan oil content in gamma -tocopherol is much higher than that of any other oils. gamma -Tocopherol has recently been shown to possess strong chemopreventive and anti-inflammatory properties. This indicates that argan oil should readily find a place of choice amid the most profitable oils for human health. Because of its reduced geographical origin, the chemical composition (major as well as minor components) of argan oil is also highly reproducible. Therefore argan oil consumption should confer health benefits in a reliable and efficient manner.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zoubida Charrouf
- Laboratoire de Chimie des Plantes, Faculte des Sciences Mohammed V-Agdal, Rabat, Morocco.
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Badole SL, Patel NM, Thakurdesai PA, Bodhankar SL. Interaction of Aqueous Extract of Pleurotus pulmonarius (Fr.) Quel-Champ. with Glyburide in Alloxan Induced Diabetic Mice. EVIDENCE-BASED COMPLEMENTARY AND ALTERNATIVE MEDICINE : ECAM 2008; 5:159-64. [PMID: 18604261 PMCID: PMC2396481 DOI: 10.1093/ecam/nem010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2006] [Accepted: 01/16/2007] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
Mushrooms are low calorie food with very little fat and are highly suitable for obese persons. With no starch and very low sugars, they are the 'delight of the diabetics'. Combination of herbal drugs (or isolated phytochemicals) is found to be beneficial in certain diseases when given along with conventional drugs. The aim of the present study was to evaluate the effects of aqueous extract of Pleurotus pulmonarius (Lentinaceae) (called as PP-aqu) and its interaction with glyburide in alloxan induced diabetic mice. The diabetic mice treated were with PP-aqu (500 mg/kg, p.o.) alone or combination with glyburide (10 mg/kg, p.o.) for 28 days. Blood samples were collected by orbital sinus puncture using heparinized capillary glass tubes and were analyzed for serum glucose on 0, 7th, 14th, 21st and 28th days. Body weights and mortality were noted during the study period. In oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT), glucose (2.5 g/kg, p.o.) was administered with either vehicle, PP-aqu alone or in combination with glyburide and serum glucose level analyzed at 0, 30, 60 and 120 min after drug administration. Administration of PP-aqu (500 mg/kg) and its combination with glyburide (10 mg/kg) significantly (P < 0.001) decreased serum glucose level in diabetic mice. In OGTT, glyburide or PP-aqu treatment alone or their combination produced significant (P < 0.001) increase in glucose threshold. Thus we suggest that P. pulmonarius showed potent and synergistic antihyperglycemic effect in combination with glyburide.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sachin L Badole
- Pharmacology Division, Poona College of Pharmacy, Bharati Vidyapeeth Deemed University, Erandwane, Paud Road, Pune 411-038, India
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Amzal H, Alaoui K, Tok S, Errachidi A, Charof R, Cherrah Y, Benjouad A. Protective effect of saponins from Argania spinosa against free radical-induced oxidative haemolysis. Fitoterapia 2008; 79:337-44. [PMID: 18514434 DOI: 10.1016/j.fitote.2008.03.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2006] [Accepted: 03/26/2008] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
Abstract
Saponins from Argania spinosa at a non-haemolytic concentration diminish by 53.2% erythrocyte haemolysis induced by free radicals. 2 mM aspirin and acetaminophen diminish by 75% and 68% , respectively, erythrocyte haemolysis induced by free radicals, while 0.3 microM vitamin E shows no significant antioxidant activity. Interestingly, a combination of 1 mg/l of A. spinosa saponins and vitamin E at 0.3 microM resulted in a 68% level of protection against free radical-induced erythrocyte haemolysis, which may suggest that A. spinosa saponins enhance the antioxidant effect of vitamin E. In contrast, no synergic effect was observed for acetaminophen (2 mM) when in combination with vitamin E (0.3 microM). These results demonstrate the antioxidant properties of saponins from A. spinosa and their ability to potentate the antioxidant effect of vitamin E.
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Affiliation(s)
- H Amzal
- Laboratoire de Biochimie et Immunologie, Faculté des Sciences, Avenue Ibn Batouta, BP 1014 Rabat, Morocco
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Choi YE, Ahn SK, Lee WT, Lee JE, Park SH, Yoon BB, Park KA. Soybeans ameliolate diabetic nephropathy in rats. EVIDENCE-BASED COMPLEMENTARY AND ALTERNATIVE MEDICINE 2008; 7:433-40. [PMID: 18955330 PMCID: PMC2892345 DOI: 10.1093/ecam/nen021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/05/2007] [Accepted: 02/21/2008] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
Diabetic nephropathy is one of the most frequent and serious complications of diabetes mellitus. Soybeans have been shown to reduce urinary albumin excretion and total cholesterol in non-diabetic patients with nephrotic syndrome. However, reports focusing specifically on diabetic nephropathy are scarce and the available results are inconsistent. It was reported that soybean consumption reduced urinary protein excretion in type 1 diabetic patients with diabetic nephropathy, whereas it was found to elicit an increase in urinary protein excretion when soybeans were consumed by type 2 diabetic patients. This study aims to investigate the effects of soybean in diabetic nephropathy, particularly the effects of consuming soybeans on the histopathology of diabetic nephropathy, using aquaporin (AQP) and osteopontin (OPN) expression as diagnostic markers. Male Sprague-Dawley rats were assigned to one of three groups: control, diabetic with red chow diet and diabetic with soybean diet. For histological examination, the expression of OPN and AQP, renal function and hemoglobin A1c were evaluated at the end of the study. Improvements in glomerular and tubulointerstitial lesions were demonstrated in the diabetic rat group given a soybean diet. OPN and AQP expression were suppressed in the kidney specimens of diabetic rats with the soybean diet. In conclusion, soybeans may prevent the weight loss and morphological disruption of the kidney associated with diabetes mellitus. Soybeans also may improve glycemic control. It seems likely that long-term control of blood glucose levels using a soybean diet could prevent the progression of diabetes mellitus, and therefore, nephropathy could be prevented.
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Affiliation(s)
- Young Eun Choi
- Department of Family Medicine, Ilsan Medical Insurance Hospital, Department of Anatomy & Brain Research Institute, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Department of Anatomy, Konkuk University College of Medicine and Department of Family Medicine, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
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46
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Charrouf Z, Guillaume D. Argan Oil, Functional Food, and the Sustainable Development of the Argan Forest. Nat Prod Commun 2008. [DOI: 10.1177/1934578x0800300237] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
For years, in southwestern Morocco, the decline of the argan forest has been accompanied by the concomitant desert encroachment. Preservation of this forest by increasing the economic value of argan tree was proposed twenty years ago, but successful large scale production of certified, high quality argan oil, an edible oil introduced as a functional food, has only been recently achieved. Argan oil is now marketed in most developed countries, despite its elevated price, and protection of the argan forest is now seriously being considered. The aim of this work is to present the recent progress made in argan oil production, the ways explored to commercialize the oil extraction by-products, and recent attempts to use other argan tree parts as part of a long term aim to preserve the argan forest.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zoubida Charrouf
- Laboratoire de Chimie des Plantes et de Synthèse Organique et Bioorganique, Faculté des Sciences, Université Mohamed V-Agdal, Avenue Ibn Batouta, BP1014, Rabat, Morocco
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Berrougui H, Cherki M, Koumbadinga GA, Isabelle M, Douville J, Spino C, Khalil A. Antiatherogenic activity of extracts of Argania spinosa L. pericarp: beneficial effects on lipid peroxidation and cholesterol homeostasisThis article is one of a selection of papers published in this special issue (part 1 of 2) on the Safety and Efficacy of Natural Health Products. Can J Physiol Pharmacol 2007; 85:918-27. [DOI: 10.1139/y07-081] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Prevention of lipoprotein oxidation by natural compounds may prevent atherosclerosis via reducing early atherogenesis. In this study, we investigated for the first time the beneficial properties of methanolic extract of argania pericarp (MEAP) towards atherogenesis by protecting human low-density lipoprotein (LDL) against oxidation while promoting high-density lipoprotein (HDL)-mediated cholesterol efflux. By measuring the formation of malondialdehyde (MDA) and conjugated diene as well as the lag phase and the progression rate of lipid peroxidation, the MEAP was found to possess an inhibitory effect. In addition, MEAP reduced the rate of disappearance of α-tocopherol as well as the apoB electrophoretic mobility in a dose-dependent manner. These effects are related to the free radical scavenging and copper-chelating effects of MEAP. In terms of cell viability, MEAP has shown a cytotoxic effect (0–40 μg/mL). Incubation of3H-cholesterol-loaded J774 macrophages with HDL in the presence of increasing concentrations of MEAP enhanced HDL-mediated cholesterol efflux independently of ABCA1 receptor pathways. Our findings suggest that argania seed pericarp provides a source of natural antioxidants that inhibit LDL oxidation and enhance cholesterol efflux and thus can prevent development of cardiovascular diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hicham Berrougui
- Research Centre on Aging, University of Sherbrooke, 1036 Belvedere Street South, Sherbrooke, QC J1H 4C4, Canada
- Geriatric Service, Department of Medicine, University of Sherbrooke, Sherbrooke, QC J1H 4C4, Canada
- Department of Chemistry, University of Sherbrooke, Sherbrooke, QC J1K 2R1, Canada
- University Sultan Moulay Slimane Polydisciplinary Faculty, Department of Biology, Beni Mellal, Morocco
| | - Mounia Cherki
- Research Centre on Aging, University of Sherbrooke, 1036 Belvedere Street South, Sherbrooke, QC J1H 4C4, Canada
- Geriatric Service, Department of Medicine, University of Sherbrooke, Sherbrooke, QC J1H 4C4, Canada
- Department of Chemistry, University of Sherbrooke, Sherbrooke, QC J1K 2R1, Canada
- University Sultan Moulay Slimane Polydisciplinary Faculty, Department of Biology, Beni Mellal, Morocco
| | - Geremy Abdull Koumbadinga
- Research Centre on Aging, University of Sherbrooke, 1036 Belvedere Street South, Sherbrooke, QC J1H 4C4, Canada
- Geriatric Service, Department of Medicine, University of Sherbrooke, Sherbrooke, QC J1H 4C4, Canada
- Department of Chemistry, University of Sherbrooke, Sherbrooke, QC J1K 2R1, Canada
- University Sultan Moulay Slimane Polydisciplinary Faculty, Department of Biology, Beni Mellal, Morocco
| | - Maxim Isabelle
- Research Centre on Aging, University of Sherbrooke, 1036 Belvedere Street South, Sherbrooke, QC J1H 4C4, Canada
- Geriatric Service, Department of Medicine, University of Sherbrooke, Sherbrooke, QC J1H 4C4, Canada
- Department of Chemistry, University of Sherbrooke, Sherbrooke, QC J1K 2R1, Canada
- University Sultan Moulay Slimane Polydisciplinary Faculty, Department of Biology, Beni Mellal, Morocco
| | - Jasmin Douville
- Research Centre on Aging, University of Sherbrooke, 1036 Belvedere Street South, Sherbrooke, QC J1H 4C4, Canada
- Geriatric Service, Department of Medicine, University of Sherbrooke, Sherbrooke, QC J1H 4C4, Canada
- Department of Chemistry, University of Sherbrooke, Sherbrooke, QC J1K 2R1, Canada
- University Sultan Moulay Slimane Polydisciplinary Faculty, Department of Biology, Beni Mellal, Morocco
| | - Claude Spino
- Research Centre on Aging, University of Sherbrooke, 1036 Belvedere Street South, Sherbrooke, QC J1H 4C4, Canada
- Geriatric Service, Department of Medicine, University of Sherbrooke, Sherbrooke, QC J1H 4C4, Canada
- Department of Chemistry, University of Sherbrooke, Sherbrooke, QC J1K 2R1, Canada
- University Sultan Moulay Slimane Polydisciplinary Faculty, Department of Biology, Beni Mellal, Morocco
| | - Abdelouahed Khalil
- Research Centre on Aging, University of Sherbrooke, 1036 Belvedere Street South, Sherbrooke, QC J1H 4C4, Canada
- Geriatric Service, Department of Medicine, University of Sherbrooke, Sherbrooke, QC J1H 4C4, Canada
- Department of Chemistry, University of Sherbrooke, Sherbrooke, QC J1K 2R1, Canada
- University Sultan Moulay Slimane Polydisciplinary Faculty, Department of Biology, Beni Mellal, Morocco
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Badole SL, Bodhankar SL. Interaction of aqueous extract of Pleurotus pulmonarius (Fr.) Quel.-Champ with acarbose in alloxan induced diabetic mice. J Appl Biomed 2007. [DOI: 10.32725/jab.2007.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022] Open
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Liao H, Banbury LK, Leach DN. Antioxidant activity of 45 Chinese herbs and the relationship with their TCM characteristics. EVIDENCE-BASED COMPLEMENTARY AND ALTERNATIVE MEDICINE 2007; 5:429-34. [PMID: 18955214 PMCID: PMC2586310 DOI: 10.1093/ecam/nem054] [Citation(s) in RCA: 86] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022]
Abstract
Here, 45 Chinese herbs that regulate blood circulation were analyzed for antioxidant activity using the oxygen radical absorbance capacity (ORAC) assay. A recent publication by Ou et al. identified a close relationship between in vitro antioxidant activity and classification of Chinese herbs as yin or yang. The 45 Chinese herbs in this study could be assigned the traditional characteristics of natures (cold, cool, hot and warm), flavors (pungent, sweet, sour, bitter and salty) and functions (arresting bleeding, promoting blood flow to relieve stasis, nourishing blood and clearing away heat from blood). These characteristics are generalized according to the theory of yin and yang. We identified a broad range, 40-1990 micromol Trolox Equivalent/g herbs, of antioxidant activity in water extracts. There was no significant correlation between ORAC values and natures or functions of the herbs. There was a significant relationship between flavors and ORAC values. Bitter and/or sour herbs had the highest ORAC values, pungent and/or sweet herbs the lowest. Other flavors had intermediate values. Flavors also correspond with the yin/yang relationship and our results are supportive of the earlier publication. We reported for the first time antioxidant properties of many Chinese herbs. High antioxidant herbs were identified as Spatholobus suberectus vine (1990 micromol TE/g), Sanguisorba officinalis root (1940 micromol TE/g), Agrimonia pilosa herb (1440 micromol TE/g), Artemisia anomala herb (1400 micromol TE/g), Salvia miltiorrhiza root (1320 micromol TE/g) and Nelembo nucifera leaf (1300 micromol TE/g). Antioxidant capacity appears to correlate with the flavors of herbs identified within the formal TCM classification system and may be a useful guide in describing their utility and biochemical mechanism of action.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hui Liao
- Department of Pharmacy, Shanxi Provincial People's Hospital, 99 Shuangtasi Street, Taiyuan, Shanxi 030012, China.
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