1
|
Deng B, Zhen J, Xiang Z, Li X, Tan C, Chen Y, He P, Ma J, Dong W. Unveiling and Validating the Role of Fatty Acid Metabolism in Ulcerative Colitis. J Inflamm Res 2024; 17:6345-6362. [PMID: 39291081 PMCID: PMC11407323 DOI: 10.2147/jir.s479011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2024] [Accepted: 08/28/2024] [Indexed: 09/19/2024] Open
Abstract
Background Ulcerative colitis (UC) is a debilitating intestinal disorder that imposes a significant burden on those affected. Fatty acid metabolism plays a pivotal role in regulating immune cell function and maintaining internal homeostasis. This study investigates the biological and clinical significance of fatty acid metabolism within the context of UC. Methods Gene expression profiles from patients with UC and healthy controls were retrieved, enabling the identification of differentially expressed genes (DEGs) specific to UC. These DEGs were then intersected with genes related to fatty acid metabolism, resulting in the identification of differentially expressed fatty acid metabolism-related genes (FAM-DEGs). Machine learning was employed to pinpoint key feature genes from the FAM-DEGs, which were subsequently used to construct a predictive UC model and to uncover molecular subtypes associated with fatty acid metabolism in UC. An animal model of UC was established using 3% dextran sulfate sodium (DSS) administration. Western blot analysis confirmed the expression levels of genes in intestinal tissues. Results The machine learning analysis identified three pivotal genes-ACAT1, ACOX2, and HADHB-culminating in a highly predictive nomogram. Consensus cluster analysis further categorized 637 UC samples into two distinct subgroups. The molecular subtypes related to fatty acid metabolism in UC exhibited significant differences in gene expression, biological activities, and enrichment pathways. Immune infiltration analysis highlighted elevated expression of two genes (excluding HADHB) in subtype 1, which corresponded with a marked increase in immune cell infiltration within this subtype. Western blot analysis demonstrated that ACAT1, ACOX2, and HADHB expression levels in the DSS group were significantly reduced, paralleling those observed in the normal group. Conclusion This study highlights the critical role of specific fatty acid metabolism-related genes in UC, emphasizing their potential as targets for therapeutic intervention and shedding light on the underlying mechanisms of UC progression.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Beiying Deng
- Department of Gastroenterology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, People's Republic of China
- Key Laboratory of Hubei Province for Digestive System Disease, Wuhan, People's Republic of China
| | - Junhai Zhen
- Department of General Practice, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, People's Republic of China
| | - Zixuan Xiang
- Department of Gastroenterology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, People's Republic of China
- Key Laboratory of Hubei Province for Digestive System Disease, Wuhan, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiangyun Li
- Department of Gastroenterology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, People's Republic of China
- Key Laboratory of Hubei Province for Digestive System Disease, Wuhan, People's Republic of China
| | - Cheng Tan
- Department of Gastroenterology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, People's Republic of China
- Key Laboratory of Hubei Province for Digestive System Disease, Wuhan, People's Republic of China
| | - Ying Chen
- Department of Gastroenterology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, People's Republic of China
| | - Pengzhan He
- Department of Gastroenterology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, People's Republic of China
| | - Jingjing Ma
- Department of Geriatric, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, People's Republic of China
| | - Weiguo Dong
- Department of Gastroenterology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, People's Republic of China
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Gao X, Mukaibo T, Wei X, Faustoferri RC, Oei MS, Hwang SK, Yan AJ, Melvin JE, Ovitt CE. Nkx2.3 transcription factor is a key regulator of mucous cell identity in salivary glands. Dev Biol 2024; 509:1-10. [PMID: 38311164 PMCID: PMC10939741 DOI: 10.1016/j.ydbio.2024.01.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/06/2023] [Revised: 01/23/2024] [Accepted: 01/30/2024] [Indexed: 02/10/2024]
Abstract
Saliva is vital to oral health, fulfilling multiple functions in the oral cavity. Three pairs of major salivary glands and hundreds of minor salivary glands contribute to saliva production. The secretory acinar cells within these glands include two distinct populations. Serous acinar cells secrete a watery saliva containing enzymes, while mucous acinar cells secrete a more viscous fluid containing highly glycosylated mucins. Despite their shared developmental origins, the parotid gland (PG) is comprised of only serous acinar cells, while the sublingual gland (SLG) contains predominantly mucous acinar cells. The instructive signals that govern the identity of serous versus mucous acinar cell phenotypes are not yet known. The homeobox transcription factor Nkx2.3 is uniquely expressed in the SLG. Disruption of the Nkx2.3 gene was reported to delay the maturation of SLG mucous acinar cells. To examine whether Nkx2.3 plays a role in directing the mucous cell phenotype, we analyzed SLG from Nkx2.3-/- mice using RNAseq, immunostaining and proteomic analysis of saliva. Our results indicate that Nkx2.3, most likely in concert with other transcription factors uniquely expressed in the SLG, is a key regulator of the molecular program that specifies the identity of mucous acinar cells.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xin Gao
- Secretory Mechanisms and Dysfunctions Section, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, 20892, USA
| | - Taro Mukaibo
- Secretory Mechanisms and Dysfunctions Section, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, 20892, USA
| | - Xiaolu Wei
- Center for Oral Biology, University of Rochester School of Medicine and Dentistry, Rochester, NY, 14642, USA
| | - Roberta C Faustoferri
- Center for Oral Biology, University of Rochester School of Medicine and Dentistry, Rochester, NY, 14642, USA
| | - Maria S Oei
- Secretory Mechanisms and Dysfunctions Section, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, 20892, USA
| | - Seo-Kyoung Hwang
- Center for Oral Biology, University of Rochester School of Medicine and Dentistry, Rochester, NY, 14642, USA
| | - Adela Jingyi Yan
- Center for Oral Biology, University of Rochester School of Medicine and Dentistry, Rochester, NY, 14642, USA
| | - James E Melvin
- Secretory Mechanisms and Dysfunctions Section, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, 20892, USA
| | - Catherine E Ovitt
- Center for Oral Biology, University of Rochester School of Medicine and Dentistry, Rochester, NY, 14642, USA; Department of Biomedical Genetics, University of Rochester School of Medicine and Dentistry, Rochester, NY, 14642, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Gábris F, Kajtár B, Kellermayer Z, Balogh P. Quantitative Analysis of NKX2-3 Expression in Human Colon: An Immunohistochemical Study. J Histochem Cytochem 2024; 72:11-23. [PMID: 38063211 PMCID: PMC10795564 DOI: 10.1369/00221554231217336] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/23/2023] [Accepted: 11/06/2023] [Indexed: 12/31/2023] Open
Abstract
In mice, Nkx2-3 homeodomain transcription factor defines the vascular specification of secondary and tertiary lymphoid tissues of the intestines. In human studies, polymorphisms in NKX2-3 have been identified as a susceptibility factor in inflammatory bowel diseases, whereas in mice, its absence is associated with protection against experimental colitis and enhanced intestinal epithelial proliferation. Here, we investigated the expression of NKX2-3 in normal, polyp, and adenocarcinoma human colon samples using immunohistochemistry and quantitative morphometry, correlating its expression with endothelial and mesenchymal stromal markers. Our results revealed that the expression of NKX2-3 is regionally confined to the lamina propria and lamina muscularis mucosae, and its production is restricted mostly to endothelial cells and smooth muscle cells with variable co-expression of CD34, alpha smooth muscle antigen (αSMA), and vascular adhesion protein-1 (VAP-1). The frequency of NKX2-3-positive cells and intensity of expression correlated inversely with aging. Furthermore, in most colorectal carcinoma samples, we observed a significant reduction of NKX2-3 expression. These findings indicate that the NKX2-3 transcription factor is produced by both endothelial and non-endothelial tissue constituents in the colon, and its expression changes during aging and in colorectal malignancies. (J Histochem Cytochem XX: XXX-XXX, XXXX).
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Fanni Gábris
- Department of Immunology and Biotechnology
- Medical School, University of Pécs, Pécs, Hungary, and Lymphoid Organogenesis Research Team, Szentágothai Research Centre, University of Pécs, Pécs, Hungary
| | | | - Zoltán Kellermayer
- Department of Immunology and Biotechnology
- Medical School, University of Pécs, Pécs, Hungary, and Lymphoid Organogenesis Research Team, Szentágothai Research Centre, University of Pécs, Pécs, Hungary
| | - Péter Balogh
- Department of Immunology and Biotechnology
- Medical School, University of Pécs, Pécs, Hungary, and Lymphoid Organogenesis Research Team, Szentágothai Research Centre, University of Pécs, Pécs, Hungary
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Bernier-Latmani J, González-Loyola A, Petrova TV. Mechanisms and functions of intestinal vascular specialization. J Exp Med 2024; 221:e20222008. [PMID: 38051275 PMCID: PMC10697212 DOI: 10.1084/jem.20222008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/11/2023] [Revised: 11/10/2023] [Accepted: 11/15/2023] [Indexed: 12/07/2023] Open
Abstract
The intestinal vasculature has been studied for the last 100 years, and its essential role in absorbing and distributing ingested nutrients is well known. Recently, fascinating new insights into the organization, molecular mechanisms, and functions of intestinal vessels have emerged. These include maintenance of intestinal epithelial cell function, coping with microbiota-induced inflammatory pressure, recruiting gut-specific immune cells, and crosstalk with other organs. Intestinal function is also regulated at the systemic and cellular levels, such that the postprandial hyperemic response can direct up to 30% of systemic blood to gut vessels, while micron-sized endothelial cell fenestrations are necessary for nutrient uptake. In this review, we will highlight past discoveries made about intestinal vasculature in the context of new findings of molecular mechanisms underpinning gut function. Such comprehensive understanding of the system will pave the way to breakthroughs in nutrient uptake optimization, drug delivery efficiency, and treatment of human diseases.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jeremiah Bernier-Latmani
- Department of Oncology, University of Lausanne and Ludwig Institute for Cancer Research Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | | | - Tatiana V. Petrova
- Department of Oncology, University of Lausanne and Ludwig Institute for Cancer Research Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
- Swiss Institute for Experimental Cancer Research, School of Life Sciences, École polytechnique fédérale de Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Hu M, Chen N, Chen M, Chen F, Lu Y, Xu Y, Yang L, Zeng H, Shen M, Chen X, Chen S, Wang F, Wang S, Wang J. Transcription factor Nkx2-3 maintains the self-renewal of hematopoietic stem cells by regulating mitophagy. Leukemia 2023:10.1038/s41375-023-01907-y. [PMID: 37095209 DOI: 10.1038/s41375-023-01907-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2023] [Revised: 04/12/2023] [Accepted: 04/17/2023] [Indexed: 04/26/2023]
Abstract
Hematopoietic stem cells (HSCs) reside at the top of the hematopoietic hierarchy, exhibiting a unique capacity to self-renew and differentiate into all blood cells throughout the lifetime. However, how to prevent HSC exhaustion during long-term hematopoietic output is not fully understood. Here, we show that the homeobox transcription factor Nkx2-3 is required for HSC self-renewal by preserving metabolic fitness. We found that Nkx2-3 is preferentially expressed in HSCs with excessive regenerative potential. Mice with conditional deletion of Nkx2-3 displayed a reduced HSC pool and long-term repopulating capacity as well as increased sensitivity to irradiation and 5-flurouracil treatment due to impaired HSC quiescence. In contrast, overexpression of Nkx2-3 improved HSC function both in vitro and in vivo. Furthermore, mechanistic studies revealed that Nkx2-3 can directly control the transcription of the critical mitophagy regulator ULK1, which is essential for sustaining metabolic homeostasis in HSCs by clearing activated mitochondria. More importantly, a similar regulatory role of NKX2-3 was observed in human cord blood-derived HSCs. In conclusion, our data demonstrate an important role of the Nkx2-3/ULK1/mitophagy axis in regulating the self-renewal of HSCs, therefore providing a promising strategy to improve the function of HSCs in the clinic.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mengjia Hu
- State Key Laboratory of Trauma, Burns and Combined Injury, Institute of Combined Injury, Chongqing Engineering Research Center for Nanomedicine, College of Preventive Medicine, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, 400038, China
- Chinese PLA Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing, 100071, China
| | - Naicheng Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Trauma, Burns and Combined Injury, Institute of Combined Injury, Chongqing Engineering Research Center for Nanomedicine, College of Preventive Medicine, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, 400038, China
| | - Mo Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Trauma, Burns and Combined Injury, Institute of Combined Injury, Chongqing Engineering Research Center for Nanomedicine, College of Preventive Medicine, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, 400038, China
| | - Fang Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Trauma, Burns and Combined Injury, Institute of Combined Injury, Chongqing Engineering Research Center for Nanomedicine, College of Preventive Medicine, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, 400038, China
| | - Yukai Lu
- State Key Laboratory of Trauma, Burns and Combined Injury, Institute of Combined Injury, Chongqing Engineering Research Center for Nanomedicine, College of Preventive Medicine, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, 400038, China
| | - Yang Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Trauma, Burns and Combined Injury, Institute of Combined Injury, Chongqing Engineering Research Center for Nanomedicine, College of Preventive Medicine, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, 400038, China
| | - Lijing Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Trauma, Burns and Combined Injury, Institute of Combined Injury, Chongqing Engineering Research Center for Nanomedicine, College of Preventive Medicine, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, 400038, China
| | - Hao Zeng
- State Key Laboratory of Trauma, Burns and Combined Injury, Institute of Combined Injury, Chongqing Engineering Research Center for Nanomedicine, College of Preventive Medicine, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, 400038, China
| | - Mingqiang Shen
- State Key Laboratory of Trauma, Burns and Combined Injury, Institute of Combined Injury, Chongqing Engineering Research Center for Nanomedicine, College of Preventive Medicine, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, 400038, China
| | - Xuehong Chen
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Liangping District Maternal and Child Health Care Hospital, Chongqing, 405200, China
| | - Shilei Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Trauma, Burns and Combined Injury, Institute of Combined Injury, Chongqing Engineering Research Center for Nanomedicine, College of Preventive Medicine, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, 400038, China
| | - Fengchao Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Trauma, Burns and Combined Injury, Institute of Combined Injury, Chongqing Engineering Research Center for Nanomedicine, College of Preventive Medicine, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, 400038, China
| | - Song Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Trauma, Burns and Combined Injury, Institute of Combined Injury, Chongqing Engineering Research Center for Nanomedicine, College of Preventive Medicine, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, 400038, China.
| | - Junping Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Trauma, Burns and Combined Injury, Institute of Combined Injury, Chongqing Engineering Research Center for Nanomedicine, College of Preventive Medicine, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, 400038, China.
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Dinh TT, Xiang M, Rajaraman A, Wang Y, Salazar N, Zhu Y, Roper W, Rhee S, Brulois K, O'Hara E, Kiefel H, Dinh TM, Bi Y, Gonzalez D, Bao EP, Red-Horse K, Balogh P, Gábris F, Gaszner B, Berta G, Pan J, Butcher EC. An NKX-COUP-TFII morphogenetic code directs mucosal endothelial addressin expression. Nat Commun 2022; 13:7448. [PMID: 36460642 PMCID: PMC9718832 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-022-34991-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/22/2022] [Accepted: 11/14/2022] [Indexed: 12/03/2022] Open
Abstract
Immunoglobulin family and carbohydrate vascular addressins encoded by Madcam1 and St6gal1 control lymphocyte homing into intestinal tissues, regulating immunity and inflammation. The addressins are developmentally programmed to decorate endothelial cells lining gut post-capillary and high endothelial venules (HEV), providing a prototypical example of organ- and segment-specific endothelial specialization. We identify conserved NKX-COUP-TFII composite elements (NCCE) in regulatory regions of Madcam1 and St6gal1 that bind intestinal homeodomain protein NKX2-3 cooperatively with venous nuclear receptor COUP-TFII to activate transcription. The Madcam1 element also integrates repressive signals from arterial/capillary Notch effectors. Pan-endothelial COUP-TFII overexpression induces ectopic addressin expression in NKX2-3+ capillaries, while NKX2-3 deficiency abrogates expression by HEV. Phylogenetically conserved NCCE are enriched in genes involved in neuron migration and morphogenesis of the heart, kidney, pancreas and other organs. Our results define an NKX-COUP-TFII morphogenetic code that targets expression of mucosal vascular addressins.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Thanh Theresa Dinh
- Laboratory of Immunology and Vascular Biology, Department of Pathology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA
- Palo Alto Veterans Institute for Research, Palo Alto, CA, USA
| | - Menglan Xiang
- Laboratory of Immunology and Vascular Biology, Department of Pathology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA
- Palo Alto Veterans Institute for Research, Palo Alto, CA, USA
| | - Anusha Rajaraman
- Laboratory of Immunology and Vascular Biology, Department of Pathology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA
- Palo Alto Veterans Institute for Research, Palo Alto, CA, USA
- Department of Molecular Cell Biology and Immunology, Vrije Universiteit Medical Center, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Yongzhi Wang
- Laboratory of Immunology and Vascular Biology, Department of Pathology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA
- Department of Clinical Science Malmo, Section of Surgery, Lund University, Malmo, Sweden
| | - Nicole Salazar
- Laboratory of Immunology and Vascular Biology, Department of Pathology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Yu Zhu
- Laboratory of Immunology and Vascular Biology, Department of Pathology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Walter Roper
- Columbia University Vagelos College of Physicians and Surgeons, New York City, NY, USA
| | - Siyeon Rhee
- Department of Biology, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Kevin Brulois
- Laboratory of Immunology and Vascular Biology, Department of Pathology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA
- Palo Alto Veterans Institute for Research, Palo Alto, CA, USA
| | - Ed O'Hara
- Palo Alto Veterans Institute for Research, Palo Alto, CA, USA
| | - Helena Kiefel
- Laboratory of Immunology and Vascular Biology, Department of Pathology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Truc M Dinh
- Palo Alto Veterans Institute for Research, Palo Alto, CA, USA
| | - Yuhan Bi
- Laboratory of Immunology and Vascular Biology, Department of Pathology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA
- Palo Alto Veterans Institute for Research, Palo Alto, CA, USA
| | | | - Evan P Bao
- Palo Alto Veterans Institute for Research, Palo Alto, CA, USA
| | - Kristy Red-Horse
- Department of Biology, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA
- Institute for Stem Cell Biology and Regenerative Medicine, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA
- Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Peter Balogh
- Department of Immunology and Biotechnology, University of Pécs Medical School, Pécs, Hungary
- Lymphoid Organogenesis Research Team, Szentágothai Research Center, Pécs, Hungary
| | - Fanni Gábris
- Department of Immunology and Biotechnology, University of Pécs Medical School, Pécs, Hungary
- Lymphoid Organogenesis Research Team, Szentágothai Research Center, Pécs, Hungary
| | - Balázs Gaszner
- Department of Anatomy, University of Pécs Medical School, Pécs, Hungary
| | - Gergely Berta
- Department of Medical Biology and Central Electron Microscopy Laboratory, University of Pécs Medical School, Pécs, Hungary
| | - Junliang Pan
- Palo Alto Veterans Institute for Research, Palo Alto, CA, USA.
- The Center for Molecular Biology and Medicine, Veterans Affairs Palo Alto Health Care System, Palo Alto, CA, USA.
| | - Eugene C Butcher
- Laboratory of Immunology and Vascular Biology, Department of Pathology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA.
- Palo Alto Veterans Institute for Research, Palo Alto, CA, USA.
- The Center for Molecular Biology and Medicine, Veterans Affairs Palo Alto Health Care System, Palo Alto, CA, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Pezoldt J, Wiechers C, Zou M, Litovchenko M, Biocanin M, Beckstette M, Sitnik K, Palatella M, van Mierlo G, Chen W, Gardeux V, Floess S, Ebel M, Russeil J, Arampatzi P, Vafardanejad E, Saliba AE, Deplancke B, Huehn J. Postnatal expansion of mesenteric lymph node stromal cells towards reticular and CD34 + stromal cell subsets. Nat Commun 2022; 13:7227. [PMID: 36433946 PMCID: PMC9700677 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-022-34868-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/06/2021] [Accepted: 11/09/2022] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Gut-draining mesenteric lymph nodes (LN) provide the framework to shape intestinal adaptive immune responses. Based on the transcriptional signatures established by our previous work, the composition and immunomodulatory function of LN stromal cells (SC) vary according to location. Here, we describe the single-cell composition and development of the SC compartment within mesenteric LNs derived from postnatal to aged mice. We identify CD34+ SC and fibroblastic reticular stromal cell (FRC) progenitors as putative progenitors, both supplying the typical rapid postnatal mesenteric LN expansion. We further establish the location-specific chromatin accessibility and DNA methylation landscape of non-endothelial SCs and identify a microbiota-independent core epigenomic signature, showing characteristic differences between SCs from mesenteric and skin-draining peripheral LNs. The epigenomic landscape of SCs points to dynamic expression of Irf3 along the differentiation trajectories of FRCs. Accordingly, a mesenchymal stem cell line acquires a Cxcl9+ FRC molecular phenotype upon lentiviral overexpression of Irf3, and the relevance of Irf3 for SC biology is further underscored by the diminished proportion of Ccl19+ and Cxcl9+ FRCs in LNs of Irf3-/- mice. Together, our data constitute a comprehensive transcriptional and epigenomic map of mesenteric LNSC development in early life and dissect location-specific, microbiota-independent properties of non-endothelial SCs.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Joern Pezoldt
- grid.7490.a0000 0001 2238 295XDepartment Experimental Immunology, Helmholtz Centre for Infection Research, 38124 Braunschweig, Germany ,grid.5333.60000000121839049Laboratory of Systems Biology and Genetics, École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne, 1015 Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Carolin Wiechers
- grid.7490.a0000 0001 2238 295XDepartment Experimental Immunology, Helmholtz Centre for Infection Research, 38124 Braunschweig, Germany
| | - Mangge Zou
- grid.7490.a0000 0001 2238 295XDepartment Experimental Immunology, Helmholtz Centre for Infection Research, 38124 Braunschweig, Germany
| | - Maria Litovchenko
- grid.5333.60000000121839049Laboratory of Systems Biology and Genetics, École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne, 1015 Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Marjan Biocanin
- grid.5333.60000000121839049Laboratory of Systems Biology and Genetics, École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne, 1015 Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Michael Beckstette
- grid.7490.a0000 0001 2238 295XDepartment Experimental Immunology, Helmholtz Centre for Infection Research, 38124 Braunschweig, Germany ,grid.512472.7Department of Computational Biology for Individualised Medicine, Centre for Individualised Infection Medicine, Helmholtz Centre for Infection Research and Hannover Medical School, 30625 Hannover, Germany ,grid.7491.b0000 0001 0944 9128Genome Informatics Group, Bielefeld Institute for Bioinformatics Infrastructure, Department of Technology, Bielefeld University, 33615 Bielefeld, Germany
| | - Katarzyna Sitnik
- grid.6583.80000 0000 9686 6466Institute of Animal Breeding and Genetics, University of Veterinary Medicine Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Martina Palatella
- grid.7490.a0000 0001 2238 295XDepartment Experimental Immunology, Helmholtz Centre for Infection Research, 38124 Braunschweig, Germany
| | - Guido van Mierlo
- grid.5333.60000000121839049Laboratory of Systems Biology and Genetics, École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne, 1015 Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Wanze Chen
- grid.5333.60000000121839049Laboratory of Systems Biology and Genetics, École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne, 1015 Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Vincent Gardeux
- grid.5333.60000000121839049Laboratory of Systems Biology and Genetics, École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne, 1015 Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Stefan Floess
- grid.7490.a0000 0001 2238 295XDepartment Experimental Immunology, Helmholtz Centre for Infection Research, 38124 Braunschweig, Germany
| | - Maria Ebel
- grid.7490.a0000 0001 2238 295XDepartment Experimental Immunology, Helmholtz Centre for Infection Research, 38124 Braunschweig, Germany
| | - Julie Russeil
- grid.5333.60000000121839049Laboratory of Systems Biology and Genetics, École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne, 1015 Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Panagiota Arampatzi
- grid.8379.50000 0001 1958 8658Core Unit Systems Medicine, University of Wuerzburg, 97080 Wuerzburg, Germany
| | - Ehsan Vafardanejad
- grid.498164.6Helmholtz Institute for RNA-based Infection Research (HIRI), Helmholtz Center for Infection Research (HZI), 97080 Würzburg, Germany
| | - Antoine-Emmanuel Saliba
- grid.498164.6Helmholtz Institute for RNA-based Infection Research (HIRI), Helmholtz Center for Infection Research (HZI), 97080 Würzburg, Germany
| | - Bart Deplancke
- grid.5333.60000000121839049Laboratory of Systems Biology and Genetics, École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne, 1015 Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Jochen Huehn
- grid.7490.a0000 0001 2238 295XDepartment Experimental Immunology, Helmholtz Centre for Infection Research, 38124 Braunschweig, Germany ,grid.10423.340000 0000 9529 9877Cluster of Excellence RESIST (EXC 2155), Hannover Medical School, 30625 Hannover, Germany
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Abstract
Asplenia (the congenital or acquired absence of the spleen) and hyposplenism (defective spleen function) are common causes of morbidity and mortality. The spleen is a secondary lymphoid organ that is responsible for the regulation of immune responses and blood filtration. Hence, asplenia or hyposplenism increases susceptibility to severe and invasive infections, especially those sustained by encapsulated bacteria (namely, Neisseria meningitidis, Streptococcus pneumoniae, Haemophilus influenzae type b). Asplenia is predominantly due to splenectomy for either traumatic events or oncohaematological conditions. Hyposplenism can be caused by several conditions, including haematological, infectious, autoimmune and gastrointestinal disorders. Anatomical disruption of the spleen and depletion of immune cells, especially IgM memory B cells, seem to be predominantly responsible for the clinical manifestations. Early recognition of hyposplenism and proper management of asplenia are warranted to prevent overwhelming post-splenectomy infections through vaccination and antibiotic prophylaxis. Although recommendations are available, the implementation of vaccination strategies, including more effective and immunogenic vaccines, is needed. Additionally, screening programmes for early detection of hyposplenism in high-risk patients and improvement of patient education are warranted.
Collapse
|
9
|
Zamperin G, Bianco A, Smith J, Bortolami A, Vervelde L, Schivo A, Fortin A, Marciano S, Panzarin V, Mazzetto E, Milani A, Berhane Y, Digard P, Bonfante F, Monne I. Heterogeneity of Early Host Response to Infection with Four Low-Pathogenic H7 Viruses with a Different Evolutionary History in the Field. Viruses 2021; 13:2323. [PMID: 34835129 PMCID: PMC8620788 DOI: 10.3390/v13112323] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2021] [Revised: 11/12/2021] [Accepted: 11/17/2021] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Once low-pathogenic avian influenza viruses (LPAIVs) of the H5 and H7 subtypes from wild birds enter into poultry species, there is the possibility of them mutating into highly pathogenic avian influenza viruses (HPAIVs), resulting in severe epizootics with up to 100% mortality. This mutation from a LPAIV to HPAIV strain is the main cause of an AIV's major economic impact on poultry production. Although AIVs are inextricably linked to their hosts in their evolutionary history, the contribution of host-related factors in the emergence of HPAI viruses has only been marginally explored so far. In this study, transcriptomic sequencing of tracheal tissue from chickens infected with four distinct LP H7 viruses, characterized by a different history of pathogenicity evolution in the field, was implemented. Despite the inoculation of a normalized infectious dose of viruses belonging to the same subtype (H7) and pathotype (LPAI), the use of animals of the same age, sex and species as well as the identification of a comparable viral load in the target samples, the analyses revealed a heterogeneity in the gene expression profile in response to infection with each of the H7 viruses administered.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Gianpiero Zamperin
- Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale delle Venezie (IZSVe), Legnaro, 35020 Padua, Italy; (A.B.); (A.B.); (A.S.); (A.F.); (S.M.); (V.P.); (E.M.); (A.M.); (F.B.); (I.M.)
| | - Alice Bianco
- Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale delle Venezie (IZSVe), Legnaro, 35020 Padua, Italy; (A.B.); (A.B.); (A.S.); (A.F.); (S.M.); (V.P.); (E.M.); (A.M.); (F.B.); (I.M.)
| | - Jacqueline Smith
- Easter Bush Campus, The University of Edinburgh, Roslin EH25 9RG, UK; (J.S.); (L.V.); (P.D.)
| | - Alessio Bortolami
- Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale delle Venezie (IZSVe), Legnaro, 35020 Padua, Italy; (A.B.); (A.B.); (A.S.); (A.F.); (S.M.); (V.P.); (E.M.); (A.M.); (F.B.); (I.M.)
| | - Lonneke Vervelde
- Easter Bush Campus, The University of Edinburgh, Roslin EH25 9RG, UK; (J.S.); (L.V.); (P.D.)
| | - Alessia Schivo
- Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale delle Venezie (IZSVe), Legnaro, 35020 Padua, Italy; (A.B.); (A.B.); (A.S.); (A.F.); (S.M.); (V.P.); (E.M.); (A.M.); (F.B.); (I.M.)
| | - Andrea Fortin
- Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale delle Venezie (IZSVe), Legnaro, 35020 Padua, Italy; (A.B.); (A.B.); (A.S.); (A.F.); (S.M.); (V.P.); (E.M.); (A.M.); (F.B.); (I.M.)
| | - Sabrina Marciano
- Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale delle Venezie (IZSVe), Legnaro, 35020 Padua, Italy; (A.B.); (A.B.); (A.S.); (A.F.); (S.M.); (V.P.); (E.M.); (A.M.); (F.B.); (I.M.)
| | - Valentina Panzarin
- Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale delle Venezie (IZSVe), Legnaro, 35020 Padua, Italy; (A.B.); (A.B.); (A.S.); (A.F.); (S.M.); (V.P.); (E.M.); (A.M.); (F.B.); (I.M.)
| | - Eva Mazzetto
- Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale delle Venezie (IZSVe), Legnaro, 35020 Padua, Italy; (A.B.); (A.B.); (A.S.); (A.F.); (S.M.); (V.P.); (E.M.); (A.M.); (F.B.); (I.M.)
| | - Adelaide Milani
- Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale delle Venezie (IZSVe), Legnaro, 35020 Padua, Italy; (A.B.); (A.B.); (A.S.); (A.F.); (S.M.); (V.P.); (E.M.); (A.M.); (F.B.); (I.M.)
| | - Yohannes Berhane
- National Centre for Foreign Animal Disease, Canadian Food Inspection Agency, 1015 Arlington, Winnipeg, MB R3E 3M4, Canada;
| | - Paul Digard
- Easter Bush Campus, The University of Edinburgh, Roslin EH25 9RG, UK; (J.S.); (L.V.); (P.D.)
| | - Francesco Bonfante
- Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale delle Venezie (IZSVe), Legnaro, 35020 Padua, Italy; (A.B.); (A.B.); (A.S.); (A.F.); (S.M.); (V.P.); (E.M.); (A.M.); (F.B.); (I.M.)
| | - Isabella Monne
- Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale delle Venezie (IZSVe), Legnaro, 35020 Padua, Italy; (A.B.); (A.B.); (A.S.); (A.F.); (S.M.); (V.P.); (E.M.); (A.M.); (F.B.); (I.M.)
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
de Goede OM, Nachun DC, Ferraro NM, Gloudemans MJ, Rao AS, Smail C, Eulalio TY, Aguet F, Ng B, Xu J, Barbeira AN, Castel SE, Kim-Hellmuth S, Park Y, Scott AJ, Strober BJ, Brown CD, Wen X, Hall IM, Battle A, Lappalainen T, Im HK, Ardlie KG, Mostafavi S, Quertermous T, Kirkegaard K, Montgomery SB. Population-scale tissue transcriptomics maps long non-coding RNAs to complex disease. Cell 2021; 184:2633-2648.e19. [PMID: 33864768 DOI: 10.1016/j.cell.2021.03.050] [Citation(s) in RCA: 90] [Impact Index Per Article: 30.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/10/2019] [Revised: 10/16/2020] [Accepted: 03/24/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Long non-coding RNA (lncRNA) genes have well-established and important impacts on molecular and cellular functions. However, among the thousands of lncRNA genes, it is still a major challenge to identify the subset with disease or trait relevance. To systematically characterize these lncRNA genes, we used Genotype Tissue Expression (GTEx) project v8 genetic and multi-tissue transcriptomic data to profile the expression, genetic regulation, cellular contexts, and trait associations of 14,100 lncRNA genes across 49 tissues for 101 distinct complex genetic traits. Using these approaches, we identified 1,432 lncRNA gene-trait associations, 800 of which were not explained by stronger effects of neighboring protein-coding genes. This included associations between lncRNA quantitative trait loci and inflammatory bowel disease, type 1 and type 2 diabetes, and coronary artery disease, as well as rare variant associations to body mass index.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Olivia M de Goede
- Department of Genetics, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305, USA.
| | - Daniel C Nachun
- Department of Pathology, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
| | - Nicole M Ferraro
- Biomedical Informatics Training Program, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
| | - Michael J Gloudemans
- Biomedical Informatics Training Program, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
| | - Abhiram S Rao
- Department of Bioengineering, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
| | - Craig Smail
- Biomedical Informatics Training Program, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305, USA; Genomic Medicine Center, Children's Mercy Research Institute, Kansas City, MO 64108, USA
| | - Tiffany Y Eulalio
- Biomedical Informatics Training Program, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
| | - François Aguet
- The Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA 02142, USA
| | - Bernard Ng
- Department of Statistics, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC V6T 1Z4, Canada; Centre for Molecular Medicine and Therapeutics, Vancouver, BC V5Z 4H4, Canada
| | - Jishu Xu
- Rush Alzheimer's Disease Center, Rush University, Chicago, Illinois 60612, USA
| | - Alvaro N Barbeira
- Section of Genetic Medicine, Department of Medicine, The University of Chicago, Chicago, IL 60637, USA
| | - Stephane E Castel
- New York Genome Center, New York, NY 10013, USA; Department of Systems Biology, Columbia University, New York, NY 10032, USA
| | - Sarah Kim-Hellmuth
- New York Genome Center, New York, NY 10013, USA; Department of Systems Biology, Columbia University, New York, NY 10032, USA; Department of Pediatrics, Dr. von Hauner Children's Hospital, University Hospital LMU Munich, Munich 80337, Germany
| | - YoSon Park
- Department of Systems Pharmacology and Translational Therapeutics, University of Pennsylvania, Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | - Alexandra J Scott
- McDonnell Genome Institute, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO 63108, USA
| | - Benjamin J Strober
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD 21218, USA
| | - Christopher D Brown
- Department of Genetics, University of Pennsylvania, Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | - Xiaoquan Wen
- Department of Biostatistics, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
| | - Ira M Hall
- Department of Genetics, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT 06510, USA
| | - Alexis Battle
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD 21218, USA; Department of Computer Science, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD 21218, USA
| | - Tuuli Lappalainen
- New York Genome Center, New York, NY 10013, USA; Department of Systems Biology, Columbia University, New York, NY 10032, USA
| | - Hae Kyung Im
- Section of Genetic Medicine, Department of Medicine, The University of Chicago, Chicago, IL 60637, USA
| | - Kristin G Ardlie
- The Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA 02142, USA
| | - Sara Mostafavi
- Paul G. Allen School of Computer Science and Engineering, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98195, USA
| | - Thomas Quertermous
- Division of Cardiovascular Medicine and Cardiovascular Institute, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
| | - Karla Kirkegaard
- Department of Genetics, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305, USA; Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
| | - Stephen B Montgomery
- Department of Genetics, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305, USA; Department of Pathology, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Darkwah S, Park EJ, Myint PK, Ito A, Appiah MG, Obeng G, Kawamoto E, Shimaoka M. Potential Roles of Muscle-Derived Extracellular Vesicles in Remodeling Cellular Microenvironment: Proposed Implications of the Exercise-Induced Myokine, Irisin. Front Cell Dev Biol 2021; 9:634853. [PMID: 33614663 PMCID: PMC7892973 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2021.634853] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2020] [Accepted: 01/14/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Extracellular vesicles (EVs) have emerged as key players of intercellular communication and mediate crosstalk between tissues. Metastatic tumors release tumorigenic EVs, capable of pre-conditioning distal sites for organotropic metastasis. Growing evidence identifies muscle cell-derived EVs and myokines as potent mediators of cellular differentiation, proliferation, and metabolism. Muscle-derived EVs cargo myokines and other biological modulators like microRNAs, cytokines, chemokines, and prostaglandins hence, are likely to modulate the remodeling of niches in vital sites, such as liver and adipose tissues. Despite the scarcity of evidence to support a direct relationship between muscle-EVs and cancer metastasis, their indirect attribution to the regulation of niche remodeling and the establishment of pre-metastatic homing niches can be put forward. This hypothesis is supported by the role of muscle-derived EVs in findings gathered from other pathologies like inflammation and metabolic disorders. In this review, we present and discuss studies that evidently support the potential roles of muscle-derived EVs in the events of niche pre-conditioning and remodeling of metastatic tumor microenvironment. We highlight the potential contributions of the integrin-mediated interactions with an emerging myokine, irisin, to the regulation of EV-driven microenvironment remodeling in tumor metastasis. Further research into muscle-derived EVs and myokines in cancer progression is imperative and may hold promising contributions to advance our knowledge in the pathophysiology, progression and therapeutic management of metastatic cancers.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Samuel Darkwah
- Department of Molecular Pathobiology and Cell Adhesion Biology, Mie University Graduate School of Medicine, Tsu, Japan
| | - Eun Jeong Park
- Department of Molecular Pathobiology and Cell Adhesion Biology, Mie University Graduate School of Medicine, Tsu, Japan
| | - Phyoe Kyawe Myint
- Department of Molecular Pathobiology and Cell Adhesion Biology, Mie University Graduate School of Medicine, Tsu, Japan
| | - Atsushi Ito
- Department of Molecular Pathobiology and Cell Adhesion Biology, Mie University Graduate School of Medicine, Tsu, Japan.,Department of Cardiothoracic and Vascular Surgery, Mie University Graduate School of Medicine, Tsu, Japan
| | - Michael G Appiah
- Department of Molecular Pathobiology and Cell Adhesion Biology, Mie University Graduate School of Medicine, Tsu, Japan
| | - Gideon Obeng
- Department of Molecular Pathobiology and Cell Adhesion Biology, Mie University Graduate School of Medicine, Tsu, Japan
| | - Eiji Kawamoto
- Department of Molecular Pathobiology and Cell Adhesion Biology, Mie University Graduate School of Medicine, Tsu, Japan.,Department of Emergency and Disaster Medicine, Mie University Graduate School of Medicine, Tsu, Japan
| | - Motomu Shimaoka
- Department of Molecular Pathobiology and Cell Adhesion Biology, Mie University Graduate School of Medicine, Tsu, Japan
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
Abstract
The spleen is the second major reservoir of B cells in the adult. In the spleen, cells, generated in the bone marrow, are selected, mature, and become part of the peripheral B-cell pool. Murine spleen comprises several B-cell subsets representing various maturation stages and/or cell functions. The spleen is a complex lymphoid organ organized into two main structures with different functions: the red and white pulp. The red pulp is flowed with blood while the white pulp is organized in primary follicles, with a B-cell area composed of follicular B cells and a T-cell area surrounding a periarterial lymphatic sheath. The frontier between the red and white pulp is defined as the marginal zone (MZ) and contains the MZ B cells. Because B cells, localized in different areas, are characterized by distinct expression levels of B-cell receptor (BCR) and of other surface markers, splenic B-cell subsets can be easily identified and purified by flow cytometry analyses and fluorescence-activated cell sorting (FACS).Here, we will focus on MZ B cells and on their precursors, giving some experimental hints to identify, generate, and isolate these cells. We will combine the use of FACS analysis and confocal microscopy to visualize MZ B cells in cell suspensions and in tissue sections, respectively. We will also give some clues to analyze B-cell repertoire on isolated MZ-B cells.
Collapse
|
13
|
Ameliorated Autoimmune Arthritis and Impaired B Cell Receptor-Mediated Ca 2+ Influx in Nkx2-3 Knock-out Mice. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:ijms21176162. [PMID: 32859051 PMCID: PMC7503974 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21176162] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/23/2020] [Revised: 08/24/2020] [Accepted: 08/25/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
B cells play a crucial role in the pathogenesis of rheumatoid arthritis. In Nkx2-3-deficient mice (Nkx2-3−/−) the spleen’s histological structure is fundamentally changed; therefore, B cell homeostasis is seriously disturbed. Based on this, we were curious, whether autoimmune arthritis could be induced in Nkx2-3−/− mice and how B cell activation and function were affected. We induced arthritis with immunization of recombinant human proteoglycan aggrecan G1 domain in Nkx2-3−/− and control BALB/c mice. We followed the clinical picture, characterized the radiological changes, the immune response, and intracellular Ca2+ signaling of B cells. Incidence of the autoimmune arthritis was lower, and the disease severity was milder in Nkx2-3−/− mice than in control BALB/c mice. The radiological changes were in line with the clinical picture. In Nkx2-3−/− mice, we measured decreased antigen-induced proliferation and cytokine production in spleen cell cultures; in the sera, we found less anti-CCP-IgG2a, IL-17 and IFNγ, but more IL-1β, IL-4 and IL-6. B cells isolated from the lymph nodes of Nkx2-3−/− mice showed decreased intracellular Ca2+ signaling compared to those isolated from BALB/c mice. Our findings show that the transcription factor Nkx2-3 might regulate the development of autoimmune arthritis most likely through modifying B cell activation.
Collapse
|
14
|
Myint PK, Park EJ, Gaowa A, Kawamoto E, Shimaoka M. Targeted remodeling of breast cancer and immune cell homing niches by exosomal integrins. Diagn Pathol 2020; 15:38. [PMID: 32305065 PMCID: PMC7165434 DOI: 10.1186/s13000-020-00959-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/14/2020] [Accepted: 04/08/2020] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Exosomes represent an important subset of extracellular vesicles involved in inter-cellular communications in health and diseases. Exosomes secreted from cancer and immune cells travel to the specific tissues containing homing niches. The exosomes reaching the niches dynamically modify the gene expression and molecular architectures of the homing niche micro-environments. Cell adhesion molecule integrins regulate the tissue-specific homing patterns of not only cancer and immune cells, but also of the exosomes secreted from those cells. The exosome-mediated remodeling of the homing niches would affect immune lymphocyte migration and host defense, as well as cancer metastasis, thereby representing a potential therapeutic target.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Phyoe Kyawe Myint
- Department of Molecular Pathobiology and Cell Adhesion Biology, Mie University Graduate School of Medicine, 2-174 Edobashi, Tsu, Mie, 514-8507, Japan
| | - Eun Jeong Park
- Department of Molecular Pathobiology and Cell Adhesion Biology, Mie University Graduate School of Medicine, 2-174 Edobashi, Tsu, Mie, 514-8507, Japan
| | - Arong Gaowa
- Department of Molecular Pathobiology and Cell Adhesion Biology, Mie University Graduate School of Medicine, 2-174 Edobashi, Tsu, Mie, 514-8507, Japan
| | - Eiji Kawamoto
- Department of Molecular Pathobiology and Cell Adhesion Biology, Mie University Graduate School of Medicine, 2-174 Edobashi, Tsu, Mie, 514-8507, Japan.,Emergency and Critical Care Center, Mie University Hospital, Tsu, Mie, 514-8507, Japan
| | - Motomu Shimaoka
- Department of Molecular Pathobiology and Cell Adhesion Biology, Mie University Graduate School of Medicine, 2-174 Edobashi, Tsu, Mie, 514-8507, Japan.
| |
Collapse
|
15
|
Ellerin BE, Demandante CGN, Martins JT. Pure abscopal effect of radiotherapy in a salivary gland carcinoma: Case report, literature review, and a search for new approaches. Cancer Radiother 2020; 24:226-246. [PMID: 32192840 DOI: 10.1016/j.canrad.2020.01.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/04/2019] [Revised: 01/15/2020] [Accepted: 01/21/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
We report the case of an 84-year-old woman with poorly differentiated non-small cell carcinoma of the right parotid who presented with headache, was found to have a primary right parotid gland cancer as well as metastatic disease, and underwent palliative radiotherapy to the primary site. The patient received no chemotherapy or immunotherapy, but both the primary site and several non-irradiated foci in the lungs regressed or completely resolved. The patient remained free of disease for about one year before progression. The case is a rare instance of abscopal regression of metastatic disease in the absence of pharmacologic immunomodulation. A literature review surveys the history of the abscopal effect of radiation therapy, attempts to understand the mechanisms of its successes and failures, and points to new approaches that can inform and improve the outcomes of radioimmunotherapy.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | | | - J T Martins
- UT Health HOPE Cancer Center, Tyler, TX 75701, USA
| |
Collapse
|
16
|
Exosomal regulation of lymphocyte homing to the gut. Blood Adv 2020; 3:1-11. [PMID: 30591532 DOI: 10.1182/bloodadvances.2018024877] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/15/2018] [Accepted: 11/28/2018] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Exosomes secreted from T cells have been shown to affect dendritic cells, cancer cells, and other T cells. However, little is known about how T-cell exosomes (T exosomes) modulate endothelial cell functions in the context of tissue-specific homing. Here, we study the roles of T exosomes in the regulation of gut-specific T-cell homing. The gut-tropic T cells induced by retinoic acid secrete the exosomes that upregulate integrin α4β7 binding to the MAdCAM-1 expressed on high endothelial venules in the gut. T exosomes were preferentially distributed to the villi of the small intestine in an α4β7-dependent manner. Exosomes from gut-tropic T cells suppressed the expression of MAdCAM-1 in the small intestine, thereby inhibiting T-cell homing to the gut. Moreover, microRNA (miRNA) profiling analysis has shown that exosomes from gut-tropic T cells were enriched with miRNAs targeting NKX2.3, a transcription factor critical to MAdCAM-1 expression. Taken together, our study proposes that α4β7-expressing T exosomes distribute themselves to the small intestine and modify the expression of microenvironmental tissues such that any subsequent lymphocyte homing is precluded. This may represent a novel mechanism by which excessive lymphocyte homing to the intestinal tissues is downsized.
Collapse
|
17
|
Vojkovics D, Kellermayer Z, Gábris F, Schippers A, Wagner N, Berta G, Farkas K, Balogh P. Differential Effects of the Absence of Nkx2-3 and MAdCAM-1 on the Distribution of Intestinal Type 3 Innate Lymphoid Cells and Postnatal SILT Formation in Mice. Front Immunol 2019; 10:366. [PMID: 30891037 PMCID: PMC6413488 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2019.00366] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2018] [Accepted: 02/13/2019] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Seeding of leukocytes to developing lymphoid tissues in embryonic and early postnatal age and to the mucosa throughout adulthood depends on the interaction between endothelial MAdCAM-1 addressin and its cognate ligand α4β7 integrin. Nkx2-3 as a transcriptional regulator of MAdCAM-1 controls vascular patterning in visceral lymphoid tissues in mice, and has been identified as a susceptibility factor for inflammatory bowel diseases in humans, associated with lymphoid neogenesis in the inflamed intestines. The role of Nkx2-3 in the organogenesis of the solitary intestinal lymphoid tissues (SILTs) involving type 3 innate lymphoid cells (ILC3) is still unknown. Here we investigated the effect of Nkx2-3 on the postnatal distribution of intestinal ILC3s and the development of SILTs, comparing these to mice lacking MAdCAM-1, but preserving Nkx2-3. At 1 week of age small intestines (SI) contained significantly higher number of ILC3s relative to the colon, with a substantial reduction in MAdCAM-1−/− mice compared to C57BL/6 controls. One week later SI ILC3 number decreased in all genotypes, the number of colonic ILC3 of both Nkx2-3-deficient and Nkx2-3-heterozygous mice significantly increased. On the fourth postnatal week a further reduction of SI ILC3s was observed in both Nkx2-3-deficient and Nkx2-3-heterozygous mice, while in the colon the number of ILC3s showed a significant reduction in all genotypes. At 1 week of age only sporadic SILT components were present in all genotypes. By the second week mice deficient for either Nkx2-3 or MAdCAM-1 showed absence of SILT maturation compared to their relevant controls, lacking mature isolated lymphoid follicles (ILF). By the fourth week both Nkx2-3-deficient and Nkx2-3-heterozygous mice showed a similar distribution of ILFs relative to cryptopatches (CP), whereas in MAdCAM-1−/− mice CPs and immature ILFs were present, mature ILFs were scarce. Our data demonstrate that the complete absence of MAdCAM-1 partially impairs intestinal seeding of ILC3s and causes partial blockade of SILT maturation, without affecting peripheral lymph node development. In contrast, the inactivation of Nkx2-3 permits postnatal seeding, and its blocking effect on SILT maturation prevails at later stage, thus other adhesion molecules may compensate for the intestinal homing of ILC3s in the absence of MAdCAM-1.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Dóra Vojkovics
- Department of Immunology and Biotechnology, Clinical Center, University of Pécs, Pécs, Hungary.,Lymphoid Organogenesis Research Group, Szentágothai Research Center, University of Pécs, Pécs, Hungary
| | - Zoltán Kellermayer
- Department of Immunology and Biotechnology, Clinical Center, University of Pécs, Pécs, Hungary.,Lymphoid Organogenesis Research Group, Szentágothai Research Center, University of Pécs, Pécs, Hungary
| | - Fanni Gábris
- Department of Immunology and Biotechnology, Clinical Center, University of Pécs, Pécs, Hungary.,Lymphoid Organogenesis Research Group, Szentágothai Research Center, University of Pécs, Pécs, Hungary
| | - Angela Schippers
- Department of Pediatrics, University Hospital RWTH, Aachen, Germany
| | - Norbert Wagner
- Department of Pediatrics, University Hospital RWTH, Aachen, Germany
| | - Gergely Berta
- Central Electron Microscope Laboratory, Department of Medical Biology, Medical School, University of Pécs, Pécs, Hungary
| | - Kornélia Farkas
- Department of Bioanalytics, Medical School, University of Pécs, Pécs, Hungary
| | - Péter Balogh
- Department of Immunology and Biotechnology, Clinical Center, University of Pécs, Pécs, Hungary.,Lymphoid Organogenesis Research Group, Szentágothai Research Center, University of Pécs, Pécs, Hungary
| |
Collapse
|
18
|
Kellermayer Z, Vojkovics D, Dakah TA, Bodó K, Botz B, Helyes Z, Berta G, Kajtár B, Schippers A, Wagner N, Scotto L, O'Connor OA, Arnold HH, Balogh P. IL-22-Independent Protection from Colitis in the Absence of Nkx2.3 Transcription Factor in Mice. JOURNAL OF IMMUNOLOGY (BALTIMORE, MD. : 1950) 2019; 202:1833-1844. [PMID: 30700585 DOI: 10.4049/jimmunol.1801117] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/09/2018] [Accepted: 12/31/2018] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Abstract
The transcription factor Nkx2.3 regulates the vascular specification of Peyer patches in mice through determining endothelial addressin preference and may function as a susceptibility factor in inflammatory bowel diseases in humans. We wished to analyze the role of Nkx2.3 in colonic solitary intestinal lymphoid tissue composition and in colitis pathogenesis. We studied the colonic solitary intestinal lymphoid tissue of Nkx2.3-deficient mice with immunofluorescence and flow cytometry. Colitis was induced in mice using 2.5% dextran sodium sulfate, and severity was assessed with histology, flow cytometry, and quantitative PCR. We found that the lack of Nkx2.3 impairs maturation of isolated lymphoid follicles and attenuates dextran sodium sulfate-induced colitis independent of endothelial absence of mucosal addressin cell-adhesion molecule-1 (MAdCAM-1), which was also coupled with enhanced colonic epithelial regeneration. Although we observed increased numbers of group 3 innate lymphoid cells and Th17 cells and enhanced transcription of IL-22, Ab-mediated neutralization of IL-22 did not abolish the protection from colitis in Nkx2.3-deficient mice. Nkx2.3-/- hematopoietic cells could not rescue wild-type mice from colitis. Using LacZ-Nkx2.3 reporter mice, we found that Nkx2.3 expression was restricted to VAP-1+ myofibroblast-like pericryptal cells. These results hint at a previously unknown stromal role of Nkx2.3 as driver of colitis and indicate that Nkx2.3+ stromal cells play a role in epithelial cell homeostasis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Zoltán Kellermayer
- Department of Immunology and Biotechnology, Clinical Center, Szentágothai János Research Center, University of Pécs, Pécs H-7624, Hungary
- Lymphoid Organogenesis Research Group, Szentágothai János Research Center, University of Pécs, Pécs H-7624, Hungary
| | - Dóra Vojkovics
- Department of Immunology and Biotechnology, Clinical Center, Szentágothai János Research Center, University of Pécs, Pécs H-7624, Hungary
- Lymphoid Organogenesis Research Group, Szentágothai János Research Center, University of Pécs, Pécs H-7624, Hungary
| | - Tareq Abu Dakah
- Department of Immunology and Biotechnology, Clinical Center, Szentágothai János Research Center, University of Pécs, Pécs H-7624, Hungary
| | - Kornélia Bodó
- Department of Immunology and Biotechnology, Clinical Center, Szentágothai János Research Center, University of Pécs, Pécs H-7624, Hungary
| | - Bálint Botz
- Molecular Pharmacology Research Group, Szentágothai János Research Center, University of Pécs, Pécs H-7624, Hungary
- Department of Radiology, Clinical Center, University of Pécs, Pécs H-7624, Hungary
| | - Zsuzsanna Helyes
- Molecular Pharmacology Research Group, Szentágothai János Research Center, University of Pécs, Pécs H-7624, Hungary
- Department of Pharmacology and Pharmacotherapy, Medical School, University of Pécs, Pécs H-7624, Hungary
| | - Gergely Berta
- Department of Medical Biology and Central Electron Microscope Laboratory, Medical School, University of Pécs, Pécs H-7624, Hungary
| | - Béla Kajtár
- Department of Pathology, Clinical Center, University of Pécs, Pécs H-7624, Hungary
| | - Angela Schippers
- Department of Pediatrics, Medical Faculty, RWTH Aachen University, Aachen 52074, Germany
| | - Norbert Wagner
- Department of Pediatrics, Medical Faculty, RWTH Aachen University, Aachen 52074, Germany
| | - Luigi Scotto
- Department of Experimental Therapeutics, Columbia University Medical Center, New York 10019, NY
| | - Owen A O'Connor
- Center for Lymphoid Malignancies, Columbia University Medical Center, New York 10019, NY; and
| | - Hans-Henning Arnold
- Department of Cell and Molecular Biology, Institute of Biochemistry and Biotechnology, Technical University of Braunschweig, Braunschweig 38106, Germany
| | - Péter Balogh
- Department of Immunology and Biotechnology, Clinical Center, Szentágothai János Research Center, University of Pécs, Pécs H-7624, Hungary;
- Lymphoid Organogenesis Research Group, Szentágothai János Research Center, University of Pécs, Pécs H-7624, Hungary
| |
Collapse
|
19
|
Han X, Yoshizaki K, Miyazaki K, Arai C, Funada K, Yuta T, Tian T, Chiba Y, Saito K, Iwamoto T, Yamada A, Takahashi I, Fukumoto S. The transcription factor NKX2-3 mediates p21 expression and ectodysplasin-A signaling in the enamel knot for cusp formation in tooth development. J Biol Chem 2018; 293:14572-14584. [PMID: 30089653 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.ra118.003373] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/10/2018] [Revised: 07/31/2018] [Indexed: 01/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Tooth morphogenesis is initiated by reciprocal interactions between the ectoderm and neural crest-derived mesenchyme. During tooth development, tooth cusps are regulated by precise control of proliferation of cell clusters, termed enamel knots, that are present among dental epithelial cells. The interaction of ectodysplasin-A (EDA) with its receptor, EDAR, plays a critical role in cusp formation by these enamel knots, and mutations of these genes is a cause of ectodermal dysplasia. It has also been reported that deficiency in Nkx2-3, encoding a member of the NK2 homeobox family of transcription factors, leads to cusp absence in affected teeth. However, the molecular role of NKX2-3 in tooth morphogenesis is not clearly understood. Using gene microarray analysis in mouse embryos, we found that Nkx2-3 is highly expressed during tooth development and increased during the tooth morphogenesis, especially during cusp formation. We also demonstrate that NKX2-3 is a target molecule of EDA and critical for expression of the cell cycle regulator p21 in the enamel knot. Moreover, NKX2-3 activated the bone morphogenetic protein (BMP) signaling pathway by up-regulating expression levels of Bmp2 and Bmpr2 in dental epithelium and decreased the expression of the dental epithelial stem cell marker SRY box 2 (SOX2). Together, our results indicate that EDA/NKX2-3 signaling is essential for enamel knot formation during tooth morphogenesis in mice.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xue Han
- From the Section of Orthodontics and Dentofacial Orthopedics, Division of Oral Health, Growth, and Development, Kyushu University Faculty of Dental Science, Fukuoka 812-8582
| | - Keigo Yoshizaki
- From the Section of Orthodontics and Dentofacial Orthopedics, Division of Oral Health, Growth, and Development, Kyushu University Faculty of Dental Science, Fukuoka 812-8582,
| | - Kanako Miyazaki
- From the Section of Orthodontics and Dentofacial Orthopedics, Division of Oral Health, Growth, and Development, Kyushu University Faculty of Dental Science, Fukuoka 812-8582
| | - Chieko Arai
- From the Section of Orthodontics and Dentofacial Orthopedics, Division of Oral Health, Growth, and Development, Kyushu University Faculty of Dental Science, Fukuoka 812-8582
| | - Keita Funada
- From the Section of Orthodontics and Dentofacial Orthopedics, Division of Oral Health, Growth, and Development, Kyushu University Faculty of Dental Science, Fukuoka 812-8582
| | - Tomomi Yuta
- From the Section of Orthodontics and Dentofacial Orthopedics, Division of Oral Health, Growth, and Development, Kyushu University Faculty of Dental Science, Fukuoka 812-8582
| | - Tian Tian
- From the Section of Orthodontics and Dentofacial Orthopedics, Division of Oral Health, Growth, and Development, Kyushu University Faculty of Dental Science, Fukuoka 812-8582
| | - Yuta Chiba
- the Division of Pediatric Dentistry, Department of Oral Health and Development Sciences, Tohoku University Graduate School of Dentistry, Sendai 980-8575, and
| | - Kan Saito
- the Division of Pediatric Dentistry, Department of Oral Health and Development Sciences, Tohoku University Graduate School of Dentistry, Sendai 980-8575, and
| | - Tsutomu Iwamoto
- the Department of Pediatric Dentistry, Tokushima University Hospital, Tokushima 770-0042, Japan
| | - Aya Yamada
- the Division of Pediatric Dentistry, Department of Oral Health and Development Sciences, Tohoku University Graduate School of Dentistry, Sendai 980-8575, and
| | - Ichiro Takahashi
- From the Section of Orthodontics and Dentofacial Orthopedics, Division of Oral Health, Growth, and Development, Kyushu University Faculty of Dental Science, Fukuoka 812-8582
| | - Satoshi Fukumoto
- the Division of Pediatric Dentistry, Department of Oral Health and Development Sciences, Tohoku University Graduate School of Dentistry, Sendai 980-8575, and
| |
Collapse
|
20
|
Vojkovics D, Kellermayer Z, Kajtár B, Roncador G, Vincze Á, Balogh P. Nkx2-3-A Slippery Slope From Development Through Inflammation Toward Hematopoietic Malignancies. Biomark Insights 2018; 13:1177271918757480. [PMID: 29449776 PMCID: PMC5808962 DOI: 10.1177/1177271918757480] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/28/2017] [Accepted: 01/10/2018] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
The development of peripheral lymphoid tissues from the mesoderm is the result of a complex convergence combining lymphohematopoietic differentiation with the local specification of nonhematopoietic mesenchymal components. Although the various transcriptional regulators with fate-determining effects in diversifying the mobile leukocyte subsets have been thoroughly studied and identified, the tissue-specific determinants promoting the regional differentiation of resident mesenchyme are less understood. Of these factors, various members of the NK-class Nkx paralogues have emerged as key regulators for the organogenesis of spleen and mucosal lymphoid tissues, and recent data have also indicated their involvement in various pathological events, including gut inflammation and hematopoietic malignancies. Here, we summarize available data on the roles of Nkx2-3 in lymphoid tissue development and discuss its possible value as a developmental marker and disease-associated pathogenic trait.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Dóra Vojkovics
- Department of Immunology and Biotechnology, Medical School, University of Pécs, Pécs, Hungary.,Lymphoid Organogenesis Research Group, Szentágothai János Research Center, University of Pécs, Pécs, Hungary
| | - Zoltán Kellermayer
- Department of Immunology and Biotechnology, Medical School, University of Pécs, Pécs, Hungary.,Lymphoid Organogenesis Research Group, Szentágothai János Research Center, University of Pécs, Pécs, Hungary
| | - Béla Kajtár
- Department of Pathology, Medical School, University of Pécs, Pécs, Hungary
| | | | - Áron Vincze
- 1st Department of Internal Medicine, Medical School, University of Pécs, Pécs, Hungary
| | - Péter Balogh
- Department of Immunology and Biotechnology, Medical School, University of Pécs, Pécs, Hungary.,Lymphoid Organogenesis Research Group, Szentágothai János Research Center, University of Pécs, Pécs, Hungary
| |
Collapse
|
21
|
Ager A. High Endothelial Venules and Other Blood Vessels: Critical Regulators of Lymphoid Organ Development and Function. Front Immunol 2017; 8:45. [PMID: 28217126 PMCID: PMC5289948 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2017.00045] [Citation(s) in RCA: 114] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/03/2016] [Accepted: 01/11/2017] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
The blood vasculature regulates both the development and function of secondary lymphoid organs by providing a portal for entry of hemopoietic cells. During the development of lymphoid organs in the embryo, blood vessels deliver lymphoid tissue inducer cells that initiate and sustain the development of lymphoid tissues. In adults, the blood vessels are structurally distinct from those in other organs due to the requirement for high levels of lymphocyte recruitment under non-inflammatory conditions. In lymph nodes (LNs) and Peyer's patches, high endothelial venules (HEVs) especially adapted for lymphocyte trafficking form a spatially organized network of blood vessels, which controls both the type of lymphocyte and the site of entry into lymphoid tissues. Uniquely, HEVs express vascular addressins that regulate lymphocyte entry into lymphoid organs and are, therefore, critical to the function of lymphoid organs. Recent studies have demonstrated important roles for CD11c+ dendritic cells in the induction, as well as the maintenance, of vascular addressin expression and, therefore, the function of HEVs. Tertiary lymphoid organs (TLOs) are HEV containing LN-like structures that develop inside organized tissues undergoing chronic immune-mediated inflammation. In autoimmune lesions, the development of TLOs is thought to exacerbate disease. In cancerous tissues, the development of HEVs and TLOs is associated with improved patient outcomes in several cancers. Therefore, it is important to understand what drives the development of HEVs and TLOs and how these structures contribute to pathology. In several human diseases and experimental animal models of chronic inflammation, there are some similarities between the development and function of HEVs within LN and TLOs. This review will summarize current knowledge of how hemopoietic cells with lymphoid tissue-inducing, HEV-inducing, and HEV-maintaining properties are recruited from the bloodstream to induce the development and control the function of lymphoid organs.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ann Ager
- Division of Infection and Immunity, School of Medicine and Systems Immunity Research Institute, Cardiff University, Cardiff, UK
| |
Collapse
|
22
|
Ak H, Zeybek B, Atay S, Askar N, Akdemir A, Aydin HH. Microarray gene expression analysis of uterosacral ligaments in uterine prolapse. Clin Biochem 2016; 49:1238-1242. [PMID: 27521992 DOI: 10.1016/j.clinbiochem.2016.08.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/08/2016] [Revised: 08/06/2016] [Accepted: 08/08/2016] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Pelvic organ prolapse (POP) is a major health problem that impairs the quality of life with a wide clinical spectrum. Since the uterosacral ligaments provide primary support for the uterus and the upper vagina, we hypothesize that the disruption of these ligaments may lead to a loss of support and eventually contribute to POP. DESIGN AND METHODS In this study, we therefore investigated whether there are any differences in the transcription profile of uterosacral ligaments in patients with POP when compared to those of the control samples. Seventeen women with POP and 8 non-POP controls undergoing hysterectomy for benign conditions were included in the study. Affymetrix® Gene Chip microarrays (Human Hu 133 plus 2.0) were used for whole genome gene expression profiling analysis. RESULTS There was 1 significantly down-regulated gene, NKX2-3 in patients with POP compared to the controls (p=4.28464e-013). KIF11 gene was found to be significantly down-regulated in patients with ≥3 deliveries compared to patients with <3 deliveries (p=0.0156237). UGT1A1 (p=2.43388e-005), SCARB1 (p=1.19001e-006) and NKX2-3 (p=2.17966e-013) genes were found to be significantly down-regulated in the premenopausal patients compared to the premenopausal controls. UGT1A1 gene was also found to be significantly down-regulated in the post menopausal patients compared to the postmenopausal controls (p=0.0005). CONCLUSION This study provides evidence for a significant down-regulation of the genes that take role in cell cycle, proliferation and embryonic development along with cell adhesion process on the development of POP for the first time.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Handan Ak
- Ege University School of Medicine, Department of Medical Biochemistry, Izmir, Turkey.
| | - Burak Zeybek
- Ege University School of Medicine, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Izmir, Turkey
| | - Sevcan Atay
- Ege University School of Medicine, Department of Medical Biochemistry, Izmir, Turkey
| | - Niyazi Askar
- Ege University School of Medicine, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Izmir, Turkey
| | - Ali Akdemir
- Ege University School of Medicine, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Izmir, Turkey
| | - Hikmet Hakan Aydin
- Ege University School of Medicine, Department of Medical Biochemistry, Izmir, Turkey.
| |
Collapse
|
23
|
Fu H, Ward EJ, Marelli-Berg FM. Mechanisms of T cell organotropism. Cell Mol Life Sci 2016; 73:3009-33. [PMID: 27038487 PMCID: PMC4951510 DOI: 10.1007/s00018-016-2211-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/25/2016] [Revised: 03/21/2016] [Accepted: 03/22/2016] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Protective immunity relies upon T cell differentiation and subsequent migration to target tissues. Similarly, immune homeostasis requires the localization of regulatory T cells (Tregs) to the sites where immunity takes place. While naïve T lymphocytes recirculate predominantly in secondary lymphoid tissue, primed T cells and activated Tregs must traffic to the antigen rich non-lymphoid tissue to exert effector and regulatory responses, respectively. Following priming in draining lymph nodes, T cells acquire the 'homing receptors' to facilitate their access to specific tissues and organs. An additional level of topographic specificity is provided by T cells receptor recognition of antigen displayed by the endothelium. Furthermore, co-stimulatory signals (such as those induced by CD28) have been shown not only to regulate T cell activation and differentiation, but also to orchestrate the anatomy of the ensuing T cell response. We here review the molecular mechanisms supporting trafficking of both effector and regulatory T cells to specific antigen-rich tissues.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hongmei Fu
- William Harvey Research Institute, Heart Centre, Barts and the London School of Medicine and Dentistry, Queen Mary University of London, Charterhouse Square, London, EC1M 6BQ, UK
| | - Eleanor Jayne Ward
- William Harvey Research Institute, Heart Centre, Barts and the London School of Medicine and Dentistry, Queen Mary University of London, Charterhouse Square, London, EC1M 6BQ, UK
| | - Federica M Marelli-Berg
- William Harvey Research Institute, Heart Centre, Barts and the London School of Medicine and Dentistry, Queen Mary University of London, Charterhouse Square, London, EC1M 6BQ, UK.
| |
Collapse
|
24
|
Homeobox NKX2-3 promotes marginal-zone lymphomagenesis by activating B-cell receptor signalling and shaping lymphocyte dynamics. Nat Commun 2016; 7:11889. [PMID: 27297662 PMCID: PMC4911677 DOI: 10.1038/ncomms11889] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2015] [Accepted: 05/10/2016] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
NKX2 homeobox family proteins have a role in cancer development. Here we show that NKX2-3 is overexpressed in tumour cells from a subset of patients with marginal-zone lymphomas, but not with other B-cell malignancies. While Nkx2-3-deficient mice exhibit the absence of marginal-zone B cells, transgenic mice with expression of NKX2-3 in B cells show marginal-zone expansion that leads to the development of tumours, faithfully recapitulating the principal clinical and biological features of human marginal-zone lymphomas. NKX2-3 induces B-cell receptor signalling by phosphorylating Lyn/Syk kinases, which in turn activate multiple integrins (LFA-1, VLA-4), adhesion molecules (ICAM-1, MadCAM-1) and the chemokine receptor CXCR4. These molecules enhance migration, polarization and homing of B cells to splenic and extranodal tissues, eventually driving malignant transformation through triggering NF-κB and PI3K-AKT pathways. This study implicates oncogenic NKX2-3 in lymphomagenesis, and provides a valid experimental mouse model for studying the biology and therapy of human marginal-zone B-cell lymphomas. The homeobox NKX2 family of transcriptional factors has been shown to regulate fundamental developmental processes. Here, the authors show that NKX2-3 is a bona fide oncogenic driver in marginal-zone B-cell lymphoma and that it promotes lymphomagenesis by shaping lymphocyte dynamics and promoting BCR signalling.
Collapse
|
25
|
Myofibroblasts are distinguished from activated skin fibroblasts by the expression of AOC3 and other associated markers. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2016; 113:E2162-71. [PMID: 27036009 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.1603534113] [Citation(s) in RCA: 67] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/14/2023] Open
Abstract
Pericryptal myofibroblasts in the colon and rectum play an important role in regulating the normal colorectal stem cell niche and facilitating tumor progression. Myofibroblasts previously have been distinguished from normal fibroblasts mostly by the expression of α smooth muscle actin (αSMA). We now have identified AOC3 (amine oxidase, copper containing 3), a surface monoamine oxidase, as a new marker of myofibroblasts by showing that it is the target protein of the myofibroblast-reacting mAb PR2D3. The normal and tumor tissue distribution and the cell line reactivity of AOC3 match that expected for myofibroblasts. We have shown that the surface expression of AOC3 is sensitive to digestion by trypsin and collagenase and that anti-AOC3 antibodies can be used for FACS sorting of myofibroblasts obtained by nonenzymatic procedures. Whole-genome microarray mRNA-expression profiles of myofibroblasts and skin fibroblasts revealed four additional genes that are significantly differentially expressed in these two cell types: NKX2-3 and LRRC17 in myofibroblasts and SHOX2 and TBX5 in skin fibroblasts. TGFβ substantially down-regulated AOC3 expression in myofibroblasts but in skin fibroblasts it dramatically increased the expression of αSMA. A knockdown of NKX2-3 in myofibroblasts caused a decrease of myofibroblast-related gene expression and increased expression of the fibroblast-associated gene SHOX2, suggesting that NKX2-3 is a key mediator for maintaining myofibroblast characteristics. Our results show that colorectal myofibroblasts, as defined by the expression of AOC3, NKX2-3, and other markers, are a distinctly different cell type from TGFβ-activated fibroblasts.
Collapse
|
26
|
Pedros C, Duguet F, Saoudi A, Chabod M. Disrupted regulatory T cell homeostasis in inflammatory bowel diseases. World J Gastroenterol 2016; 22:974-995. [PMID: 26811641 PMCID: PMC4716049 DOI: 10.3748/wjg.v22.i3.974] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2015] [Revised: 10/02/2015] [Accepted: 11/19/2015] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
In the gut, where billions of non-self-antigens from the food and the microbiota are present, the immune response must be tightly regulated to ensure both host protection against pathogenic microorganisms and the absence of immune-related pathologies. It has been well documented that regulatory T cells (Tregs) play a pivotal role in this context. Indeed, Tregs are able to prevent excessive inflammation, which can lead to the rupture of intestinal homeostasis observed in inflammatory bowel diseases (IBDs). Both the worldwide incidence and prevalence of such diseases have increased throughout the latter part of the 20th century. Therefore, it is crucial to understand how Tregs suppress the colitogenic immune cells to establish new treatments for patients suffering from IBDs. In this review, we will first summarize the results obtained in animal model studies that highlight the importance of Tregs in maintaining intestinal homeostasis and describe the specific suppressive mechanisms involved. Next, our current knowledge about Tregs contribution to human IBDs will be reviewed, as well as the current therapeutic perspective on using Tregs for clinical IBD treatment and the challenges that remain to be resolved to ensure both the safety and effectiveness of these therapies in targeting this critical immune-regulatory cell population.
Collapse
|
27
|
Schreder A, Moschovakis GL, Halle S, Schlue J, Lee CW, Schippers A, David S, Bernhardt G, Ganser A, Pabst O, Förster R, Koenecke C. Differential Effects of Gut-Homing Molecules CC Chemokine Receptor 9 and Integrin-β7 during Acute Graft-versus-Host Disease of the Liver. Biol Blood Marrow Transplant 2015; 21:2069-2078. [PMID: 26348893 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbmt.2015.08.038] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/09/2015] [Accepted: 08/31/2015] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Abstract
Homing of allogeneic donor T cells to recipient tissue is imperative for the development of acute graft-versus-host disease (GVHD) after bone marrow transplantation (BMT). In this study we show that alteration of T cell homing due to integrin-β7 deficiency on T cells or its ligand MAdCAM-1 in BMT recipients contributes to the pathophysiology of experimental GVHD. In contrast, lack of CC chemokine receptor 9 on donor T cells alters tissue homing but does not impact GVHD survival. We further demonstrate that MAdCAM-1 is aberrantly expressed in hepatic murine GVHD as well as in patients with active liver GVHD. However, infiltration of donor T cells in gut but not liver was dependent of MAdCAM-1 expression, indicating, that homing and/or retention of donor T cells rests on divergent molecular pathways depending on the GVHD target tissue.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Alina Schreder
- Institute of Immunology, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany
| | | | - Stephan Halle
- Institute of Immunology, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany
| | - Jerome Schlue
- Institute of Pathology, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany
| | - Chun-Wei Lee
- Institute of Immunology, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany
| | - Angela Schippers
- Department of Pediatrics, Medical Faculty, RWTH Aachen University, Aachen, Germany
| | - Sascha David
- Department of Nephrology, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany
| | - Günter Bernhardt
- Institute of Immunology, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany
| | - Arnold Ganser
- Department of Hematology, Hemostasis, Oncology and Stem-Cell Transplantation, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany
| | - Oliver Pabst
- Institute of Molecular Medicine, Medical Faculty, RWTH Aachen University, Aachen, Germany
| | - Reinhold Förster
- Institute of Immunology, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany
| | - Christian Koenecke
- Institute of Immunology, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany; Department of Hematology, Hemostasis, Oncology and Stem-Cell Transplantation, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany.
| |
Collapse
|
28
|
Kellermayer Z, Hayasaka H, Kajtár B, Simon D, Robles EF, Martinez-Climent JA, Balogh P. Divergence of Vascular Specification in Visceral Lymphoid Organs-Genetic Determinants and Differentiation Checkpoints. Int Rev Immunol 2015; 35:489-502. [PMID: 26186200 DOI: 10.3109/08830185.2015.1059427] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
Abstract
Despite their functional similarities, peripheral lymphoid tissues are remarkably different according to their developmental properties and structural characteristics, including their specified vasculature. Access of leukocytes to these organs critically depends on their interactions with the local endothelium, where endothelial cells are patterned to display a restricted set of adhesion molecules and other regulatory compounds necessary for extravasation. Recent advances in high throughput analyses of highly purified endothelial subsets in various lymphoid tissues as well as the expansion of various transgenic animal models have shed new light on the transcriptional complexities of lymphoid tissue vascular endothelium. This review is aimed at providing a comprehensive analysis linking the functional competence of spleen and intestinal lymphoid tissues with the developmental programming and functional divergence of their vascular specification, with particular emphasis on the transcriptional control of endothelial cells exerted by Nkx2.3 homeodomain transcription factor.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Zoltán Kellermayer
- a Department of Immunology and Biotechnology.,b Lymphoid Organogenesis Research Group Szentágothai Research Center, University of Pécs , Pécs , Hungary
| | - Haruko Hayasaka
- c Laboratory of Immunoregulation, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, WPI Immunology Frontier Research Center, Osaka University , Osaka , Japan
| | - Béla Kajtár
- d Department of Pathology , University of Pécs , Pécs , Hungary
| | - Diána Simon
- a Department of Immunology and Biotechnology
| | - Eloy F Robles
- e Centro de Investigación Médica Aplicada of the University of Navarra , Pamplona , Spain
| | | | - Péter Balogh
- a Department of Immunology and Biotechnology.,b Lymphoid Organogenesis Research Group Szentágothai Research Center, University of Pécs , Pécs , Hungary
| |
Collapse
|
29
|
Kellermayer Z, Mihalj M, Lábadi Á, Czömpöly T, Lee M, O'Hara E, Butcher EC, Berta G, Balogh A, Arnold HH, Balogh P. Absence of Nkx2-3 homeodomain transcription factor reprograms the endothelial addressin preference for lymphocyte homing in Peyer's patches. THE JOURNAL OF IMMUNOLOGY 2014; 193:5284-93. [PMID: 25320278 DOI: 10.4049/jimmunol.1402016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Abstract
Although the homing of lymphocytes to GALT has been extensively studied, little is known about how high endothelial venules (HEVs) within Peyer's patches (PPs) are patterned to display dominantly mucosal addressin cell adhesion molecule 1 (MAdCAM-1). In this study, we report that Nkx2-3-deficient mice show gradual loss of MAdCAM-1 in PPs postnatally and increased levels of mRNA for peripheral lymph node addressin (PNAd) backbone proteins as well as enhanced expression of MECA79 sulfated glycoepitope at the luminal aspect of HEVs, thus replacing MAdCAM-1 with PNAd. Induction of PNAd in mutant PPs requires lymphotoxin β receptor activity, and its upregulation needs the presence of mature T and B cells. Furthermore, treatment with MECA-79 anti-PNAd mAb in vivo effectively blocks lymphocyte homing to mutant PPs. Despite the replacement of MAdCAM-1 by PNAd in HEV endothelia, lymphocytes could efficiently home to PPs in mutant mice. We conclude that although Nkx2-3 activity controls the addressin balance of HEVs in GALT, the general HEV functionality is preserved independently from Nkx2-3, indicating a substantial plasticity in the specification of GALT HEV endothelium.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Zoltán Kellermayer
- Department of Immunology and Biotechnology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Pécs, H-7624 Pécs, Hungary; Lymphoid Organogenesis Research Group, Szentágothai János Research Center, University of Pécs, H-7624 Pécs, Hungary
| | - Martina Mihalj
- Department of Physiology and Immunology, University of Osijek, 31000 Osijek, Croatia
| | - Árpád Lábadi
- Department of Immunology and Biotechnology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Pécs, H-7624 Pécs, Hungary
| | - Tamás Czömpöly
- Cancer Research and Product Development Laboratory, Immunal Ltd., H-7630 Pécs, Hungary
| | - Mike Lee
- Laboratory of Immunology and Vascular Biology, Department of Pathology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA 94305
| | - Edward O'Hara
- Palo Alto Veterans Institute for Research, Palo Alto, CA 94304
| | - Eugene C Butcher
- Laboratory of Immunology and Vascular Biology, Department of Pathology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA 94305; Palo Alto Veterans Institute for Research, Palo Alto, CA 94304; Center for Molecular Biology and Medicine, Veterans Affairs Palo Alto Health Care System, Palo Alto, CA 94304
| | - Gergely Berta
- Department of Medical Biology, University of Pécs, H-7624 Pécs, Hungary; and
| | - András Balogh
- Department of Medical Biology, University of Pécs, H-7624 Pécs, Hungary; and
| | - Hans-Henning Arnold
- Department of Cell and Molecular Biology, Institute of Biochemistry and Biotechnology, Technical University of Braunschweig, 38106 Braunschweig, Germany
| | - Péter Balogh
- Department of Immunology and Biotechnology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Pécs, H-7624 Pécs, Hungary; Lymphoid Organogenesis Research Group, Szentágothai János Research Center, University of Pécs, H-7624 Pécs, Hungary;
| |
Collapse
|
30
|
Wang Y, Yao WR, Duan JZ, Xu W, Yang GB. Mucosal addressin cell adhesion molecule-1 of rhesus macaques: molecular cloning, expression, and alteration after viral infection. Dig Dis Sci 2014; 59:2433-43. [PMID: 24828920 DOI: 10.1007/s10620-014-3209-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2014] [Accepted: 05/07/2014] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Mucosal addressin cell adhesion molecule-1 (MAdCAM-1), a member of the immunoglobulin superfamily, is essential for gut-specific homing of leukocytes; however, it has not been well characterized in rhesus macaques. AIMS To obtain the complete nucleotide sequence of rhesus macaque MAdCAM-1 cDNA and determine its distribution in gut-associated lymphoid tissues (GALT) and its alteration in duodenal mucosa after simian/human immunodeficiency virus (SHIV) infection. METHODS MAdCAM-1 cDNA was cloned from the colon mucosa of a rhesus macaque by 3'- and 5'-RACE. The distribution and abundance of MAdCAM-1 mRNA in the GALT were examined by nested and real-time RT-PCR. The alterations of MAdCAM-1 mRNA levels in SHIV-infected duodenal mucosa were determined by real-time RT-PCR. RESULTS The nucleotide sequence of rhesus macaque MAdCAM-1 cDNA (1,503 bp nucleotides) including the 5'- and 3'-untranslated regions was obtained. The coding region (1,086 bp) showed 87.56% and the Ig-like domain 1, 2 and TM + cytoplasmic domains showed >93% nucleotide sequence identity to that of humans. Like humans, rhesus macaques lacked MAdCAM-1 IgA1-like domain, which could be a common feature for all primates appeared later during vertebrate evolution. Two species of MAdCAM-1 mRNA were detected and high-level transcripts were observed primarily in the GALT. The full-length MAdCAM-1 expressed in vitro could bind to human α4β7. MAdCAM-1 mRNA levels were statistically significantly reduced in SHIV-infected duodenal mucosa. CONCLUSIONS These data provided a basis for using rhesus macaques in pathological and therapeutic studies on leukocyte homing related diseases such as inflammatory bowel disease and HIV/AIDS.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yue Wang
- National Center for AIDS/STD Control and Prevention, China-CDC, 155 Changbai Road, Changping District, Beijing, 102206, People's Republic of China
| | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
31
|
Characteristics of Japanese inflammatory bowel disease susceptibility loci. J Gastroenterol 2014; 49:1217-30. [PMID: 23942620 DOI: 10.1007/s00535-013-0866-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/04/2013] [Accepted: 07/29/2013] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND There are substantial differences in inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) genetics depending on the populations examined. We aimed to identify Japanese population-specific or true culprit susceptibility genes through a meta-analysis of past genetic studies of Japanese IBD. METHODS For this study, we reviewed 2,703 articles. The review process consisted of three screening stages: we initially searched for relevant studies and then relevant single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs). Finally, we adjusted them for the meta-analysis. To maximize our chances of analysis, we introduced proxy SNPs during the first stage. To minimize publication bias, no significant SNPs and solitary SNPs without pairs were combined to be reconsidered during the third stage. Additionally, two SNPs were newly genotyped. Finally, we conducted a meta-analysis of 37 published studies in 50 SNPs located at 22 loci corresponding to the total number of 4,853 Crohn's disease (CD), 5,612 ulcerative colitis (UC) patients, and 14,239 healthy controls. RESULTS We confirmed that the NKX2-3 polymorphism is associated with common susceptibility to IBD and that HLA-DRB1*0450 alleles increase susceptibility to CD but reduce risk for UC while HLA-DRB1*1502 alleles increase susceptibility to UC but reduce CD risk. Moreover, we found individual disease risk loci: TNFSF15 and TNFα to CD and HLA-B*5201, and NFKBIL1 to UC. The genetic risk of HLA was substantially high (odds ratios ranged from 1.54 to 2.69) while that of common susceptibility loci to IBD was modest (odds ratio ranged from 1.13 to 1.24). CONCLUSIONS Results indicate that Japanese IBD susceptibility loci identified by the meta-analysis are closely associated with the HLA regions.
Collapse
|
32
|
Liu Y, Tran DQ, Fatheree NY, Marc Rhoads J. Lactobacillus reuteri DSM 17938 differentially modulates effector memory T cells and Foxp3+ regulatory T cells in a mouse model of necrotizing enterocolitis. Am J Physiol Gastrointest Liver Physiol 2014; 307:G177-86. [PMID: 24852566 PMCID: PMC4101683 DOI: 10.1152/ajpgi.00038.2014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 69] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/31/2023]
Abstract
Necrotizing enterocolitis (NEC) is an inflammatory disease with evidence of increased production of proinflammatory cytokines in the intestinal mucosa. Lactobacillus reuteri DSM 17938 (LR17938) has been shown to have anti-inflammatory activities in an experimental model of NEC. Activated effector lymphocyte recruitment to sites of inflammation requires the sequential engagement of adhesion molecules such as CD44. The phenotype of CD44(+)CD45RB(lo) separates T effector/memory (Tem) cells from naive (CD44(-)CD45RB(hi)) cells. It is unknown whether these Tem cells participate in the inflammation associated with NEC and can be altered by LR17938. NEC was induced in 8- to 10-day-old C57BL/6J mice by gavage feeding with formula and exposure to hypoxia and cold stress for 4 days. Survival curves and histological scores were analyzed. Lymphocytes isolated from mesenteric lymph nodes and ileum were labeled for CD4, CD44, CD45RB, intracellular Foxp3, and Helios and subsequently analyzed by flow cytometry. LR17938 decreased mortality and the incidence and severity of NEC. The percentage of Tem cells in the ileum and mesenteric lymph nodes was increased in NEC but decreased by LR17938. Conversely, the percentage of CD4(+)Foxp3(+) regulatory T (Treg) cells in the intestine decreased during NEC and was restored to normal by LR17938. The majority of the Treg cells preserved by LR17938 were Helios+ subsets, possibly of thymic origin. In conclusion, LR17938 may represent a useful treatment to prevent NEC. The mechanism of protection by LR17938 involves modulation of the balance between Tem and Treg cells. These T cell subsets might be potential biomarkers and therapeutic targets during intestinal inflammation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yuying Liu
- 1Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Pediatrics, University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston Medical School, Houston, Texas; ,3Pediatric Research Center, University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston Medical School, Houston, Texas
| | - Dat Q. Tran
- 2Division of Allergy/Immunology/Rheumatology, Department of Pediatrics, University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston Medical School, Houston, Texas; and ,3Pediatric Research Center, University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston Medical School, Houston, Texas
| | - Nicole Y. Fatheree
- 1Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Pediatrics, University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston Medical School, Houston, Texas;
| | - J. Marc Rhoads
- 1Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Pediatrics, University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston Medical School, Houston, Texas; ,3Pediatric Research Center, University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston Medical School, Houston, Texas
| |
Collapse
|
33
|
Contribution of NKX2-3 polymorphisms to inflammatory bowel diseases: a meta-analysis of 35358 subjects. Sci Rep 2014; 4:3924. [PMID: 24473197 PMCID: PMC5379238 DOI: 10.1038/srep03924] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/12/2013] [Accepted: 01/13/2014] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Polymorphisms in NKX2-3 gene have been inconsistently associated with Crohn's disease (CD) and ulcerative colitis (UC). To generate large-scale evidence on whether NKX2-3 polymorphisms are associated with CD or UC susceptibility we have conducted a meta-analysis of 17 studies involving 17329 patients and 18029 controls. A significantly increased CD or UC risk was observed in persons carrying a G allele at rs10883365 polymorphism (A/G) compared with those with a A allele. (OR = 1.226, 95%CI: 1.177–1.277 and OR = 1.274, 95%CI: 1.175–1.382 respectively). In the subgroup analysis, a significantly increased CD risk was found in both Europeans and Asians. For rs11190140 polymorphism (C/T) and CD risk, the risk estimate for the allele contrast was OR = 1.201 (1.136–1.269). This meta-analysis provided a robust result that persons with a G or T allele may have a moderately increased risk of CD, and suggested that rs10883365 polymorphism was also a candidate gene polymorphism for UC susceptibility.
Collapse
|
34
|
Rosado MM, Scarsella M, Cascioli S, Giorda E, Carsetti R. Purification and immunophenotypic characterization of murine MZ and T2-MZP cells. Methods Mol Biol 2014; 1190:3-16. [PMID: 25015269 DOI: 10.1007/978-1-4939-1161-5_1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
B cells are generated every day in the bone marrow, but only a small fraction integrates the peripheral B-cell pool. In the murine spleen, we can find several B-cell subsets representing various maturation stages and/or cell functions. The spleen is a complex lymphoid organ organized in two main structures with different functions: the red and white pulp. The red pulp is flowed with blood while the white pulp is organized in primary follicles, with a B-cell area composed of follicular B cells and a T-cell area surrounding a periarterial lymphatic sheath. The frontier between the red and white pulp is defined as the marginal zone and contains the marginal zone B cells. Because B cells, localized in different areas, are characterized by distinct expression levels of B-cell receptor (BCR) and other surface markers, splenic B-cell subsets can be easily identified and purified by flow cytometry analyses and cell sorting (FACS).Here, we will focus on marginal zone B cells and their precursors giving some experimental hints to identify, generate, and isolate these cells. We will combine the use of FACS analysis and confocal microscopy to visualize marginal zone B cells in cell suspension and tissue sections, respectively.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- M Manuela Rosado
- Immunology Unit, Research Center Ospedale Pediatrico Bambino Gesù, IRCSS, Piazza S. Onofrio 4, 00165, Rome, Italy,
| | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
35
|
Pabst O. Trafficking of regulatory T cells in the intestinal immune system. Int Immunol 2012; 25:139-43. [DOI: 10.1093/intimm/dxs113] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
|
36
|
Yu W, Lin Z, Hegarty JP, Chen X, Kelly AA, Wang Y, Poritz LS, Koltun WA. Genes differentially regulated by NKX2-3 in B cells between ulcerative colitis and Crohn's disease patients and possible involvement of EGR1. Inflammation 2012; 35:889-99. [PMID: 21968973 DOI: 10.1007/s10753-011-9390-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Abstract
Ulcerative colitis (UC) and Crohn's disease (CD) are two related yet different forms of chronic intestinal inflammation. We investigated the genes regulated by NKX2-3 in B cells from a UC patient by cDNA microarray and compared the results to those genes regulated by NKX2-3 in B cells from a CD patient. Genes regulated by NKX2-3 in B cells from UC were mainly involved in cell growth, inflammation, and immune response. Among the genes regulated by NKX2-3 in both UC and CD, expression of 145 genes was similarly altered and 34 genes was differentially affected by NKX2-3 knockdown. EGR1 was up-regulated in NKX2-3 knockdown B cells from UC while down-regulated in NKX2-3 knockdown B cells from CD. mRNA expressions of NKX2-3 and EGR1 were increased in diseased intestinal tissues from 19 CD patients. NKX2-3 may play different roles in UC and CD pathogenesis by differential regulation of EGR1.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Wei Yu
- Department of Colon and Rectal Surgery, Pennsylvania State University College of Medicine, Hershey, PA 17033, USA
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
37
|
Fletcher AL, Malhotra D, Acton SE, Lukacs-Kornek V, Bellemare-Pelletier A, Curry M, Armant M, Turley SJ. Reproducible isolation of lymph node stromal cells reveals site-dependent differences in fibroblastic reticular cells. Front Immunol 2011; 2:35. [PMID: 22566825 PMCID: PMC3342056 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2011.00035] [Citation(s) in RCA: 180] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2011] [Accepted: 08/10/2011] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Within lymph nodes, non-hematopoietic stromal cells organize and interact with leukocytes in an immunologically important manner. In addition to organizing T and B cell segregation and expressing lymphocyte survival factors, several recent studies have shown that lymph node stromal cells shape the naïve T cell repertoire, expressing self-antigens which delete self-reactive T cells in a unique and non-redundant fashion. A fundamental role in peripheral tolerance, in addition to an otherwise extensive functional portfolio, necessitates closer study of lymph node stromal cell subsets using modern immunological techniques; however this has not routinely been possible in the field, due to difficulties reproducibly isolating these rare subsets. Techniques were therefore developed for successful ex vivo and in vitro manipulation and characterization of lymph node stroma. Here we discuss and validate these techniques in mice and humans, and apply them to address several unanswered questions regarding lymph node composition. We explored the steady-state stromal composition of lymph nodes isolated from mice and humans, and found that marginal reticular cells and lymphatic endothelial cells required lymphocytes for their normal maturation in mice. We also report alterations in the proportion and number of fibroblastic reticular cells (FRCs) between skin-draining and mesenteric lymph nodes. Similarly, transcriptional profiling of FRCs revealed changes in cytokine production from these sites. Together, these methods permit highly reproducible stromal cell isolation, sorting, and culture.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Anne L Fletcher
- Department of Cancer Immunology and AIDS, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute Boston, MA, USA
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
38
|
John G, Hegarty JP, Yu W, Berg A, Pastor DM, Kelly AA, Wang Y, Poritz LS, Schreiber S, Koltun WA, Lin Z. NKX2-3 variant rs11190140 is associated with IBD and alters binding of NFAT. Mol Genet Metab 2011; 104:174-9. [PMID: 21803625 DOI: 10.1016/j.ymgme.2011.06.023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2011] [Accepted: 06/29/2011] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
NKX2-3 SNP rs11190140 is associated with inflammatory bowel disease (IBD). The T allele is over-transmitted in IBD and the C allele represents a potential CpG methylation site. We hypothesize that genetic variation and/or methylation of SNP rs11190140 may play a role in NKX2-3 gene expression by affecting transcription factor binding. We studied 233 IBD cases and 250 unrelated healthy individuals from an IBD population from central Pennsylvania and performed genotype analyses of the genetic variation and methylation status analysis using PCR-based RFLP. For transcription factor binding, nuclear extracts from human B cells were incubated with biotin-labeled oligonucleotide sequences of the NKX2-3 promoter region containing the genetic variation of T, non-methylated C or methylated C at rs11190140, followed by biotin pull-down and Western blot analysis for transcription factors SP1, NFAT1, NF-κB, and ETS-1. In case-control analysis, the genetic variation was significantly associated with IBD (OR=0.503, 95% CI=0.330-0.764, p<0.001). Methylation status analyses revealed that the C allele is subject to modification by DNA methylation. transcription factor binding assay indicated distinct differential binding of NFAT1 to the NKX2-3 promoter sequence, with higher binding to those with non-methylated and methylated C than to T. The binding of NFAT1 to the NKX2-3 promoter region with rs1190140 was confirmed by ChIP assay. We speculate that the rs11190140 may regulate NKX2-3 expression and have a role in IBD pathogenesis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Gerrit John
- Department of Surgery, Pennsylvania State University College of Medicine, 500 University Drive, Hershey, PA 17033, USA
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
39
|
Kellermayer Z, Lábadi A, Czömpöly T, Arnold HH, Balogh P. Absence of Nkx2-3 homeodomain transcription factor induces the formation of LYVE-1-positive endothelial cysts without lymphatic commitment in the spleen. J Histochem Cytochem 2011; 59:690-700. [PMID: 21705651 DOI: 10.1369/0022155411410061] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/18/2023] Open
Abstract
In contrast to peripheral lymph nodes possessing lymphatic and blood vasculature, the spleen in both humans and rodents is largely devoid of functioning lymphatic capillaries. Here it is reported that in mice lacking homeodomain transcription factor Nkx2-3, the spleen contains an extensive network of lymphocyte-filled sacs lined by cells expressing LYVE-1 antigen, a marker associated with lymphatic endothelium cells (LECs). Real-time quantitative PCR analyses of Nkx2-3 mutant spleen revealed a substantial increase of LYVE-1 and podoplanin mRNA levels, without the parallel increase of mRNA for VEGFR-3 (vascular endothelial growth factor receptor Type 3) and Prox1 (Prospero homeobobox protein 1), two markers specific for LECs. Although these structures express VEGFR-2/flk-1, they lack Prox1 protein, indicating their non-LEC endothelial origin. The LYVE-1(+) structures are bordered with ER-TR7(+) fibroblastic reticular cells with small clusters of macrophages expressing MARCO and sialoadhesin. Short-term cell-tracing studies using labeled lymphocytes indicate that these LYVE-1(+) cysts are largely excluded from the systemic circulation. Cells expressing LYVE-1 glycoprotein as putative precursors for such structures are detectable in the spleen of late-stage embryos, and the formation of LYVE-1(+) structures is independent from the activity of lymphotoxin β-receptor. Thus the splenic vascular defects in Nkx2-3 deficiency include the generation of LYVE-1(+) cysts, comprised of endothelial cells without being committed along the LEC lineage.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Zoltán Kellermayer
- Department of Immunology & Biotechnology, University of Pécs, Faculty of Medicine, Hungary
| | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
40
|
Investigation of multiple susceptibility loci for inflammatory bowel disease in an Italian cohort of patients. PLoS One 2011; 6:e22688. [PMID: 21818367 PMCID: PMC3144927 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0022688] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2011] [Accepted: 06/28/2011] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Recent GWAs and meta-analyses have outlined about 100 susceptibility genes/loci for inflammatory bowel diseases (IBD). In this study we aimed to investigate the influence of SNPs tagging the genes/loci PTGER4, TNFSF15, NKX2-3, ZNF365, IFNG, PTPN2, PSMG1, and HLA in a large pediatric- and adult-onset IBD Italian cohort. METHODS Eight SNPs were assessed in 1,070 Crohn's disease (CD), 1,213 ulcerative colitis (UC), 557 of whom being diagnosed at the age of ≤16 years, and 789 healthy controls. Correlations with sub-phenotypes and major variants of NOD2 gene were investigated. RESULTS The SNPs tagging the TNFSF15, NKX2-3, ZNF365, and PTPN2 genes were associated with CD (P values ranging from 0.037 to 7×10(-6)). The SNPs tagging the PTGER4, NKX2-3, ZNF365, IFNG, PSMG1, and HLA area were associated with UC (P values 0.047 to 4×10(-5)). In the pediatric cohort the associations of TNFSF15, NKX2-3 with CD, and PTGER4, NKX2-3, ZNF365, IFNG, PSMG1 with UC, were confirmed. Association with TNFSF15 and pediatric UC was also reported. A correlation with NKX2-3 and need for surgery (P = 0.038), and with HLA and steroid-responsiveness (P = 0.024) in UC patients was observed. Moreover, significant association in our CD cohort with TNFSF15 SNP and colonic involvement (P = 0.021), and with ZNF365 and ileal location (P = 0.024) was demonstrated. CONCLUSIONS We confirmed in a large Italian cohort the associations with CD and UC of newly identified genes, both in adult and pediatric cohort of patients, with some influence on sub-phenotypes.
Collapse
|
41
|
Czömpöly T, Lábadi A, Kellermayer Z, Olasz K, Arnold HH, Balogh P. Transcription factor Nkx2-3 controls the vascular identity and lymphocyte homing in the spleen. THE JOURNAL OF IMMUNOLOGY 2011; 186:6981-9. [PMID: 21593383 DOI: 10.4049/jimmunol.1003770] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
The vasculature in the spleen and peripheral lymph nodes (pLNs) is considerably different, which affects both homing of lymphocytes and antigenic access to these peripheral lymphoid organs. In this paper, we demonstrate that in mice lacking the homeodomain transcription factor Nkx2-3, the spleen develops a pLN-like mRNA expression signature, coupled with the appearance of high endothelial venules (HEVs) that mediate L-selectin-dependent homing of lymphocytes into the mutant spleen. These ectopic HEV-like vessels undergo postnatal maturation and progressively replace MAdCAM-1 by pLN addressin together with the display of CCL21 arrest chemokine in a process that is reminiscent of HEV formation in pLNs. Similarly to pLNs, development of HEV-like vessels in the Nkx2-3-deficient spleen depends on lymphotoxin-β receptor-mediated signaling. The replacement of splenic vessels with a pLN-patterned vasculature impairs the recirculation of adoptively transferred lymphocytes and reduces the uptake of blood-borne pathogens. The Nkx2-3 mutation in BALB/c background causes a particularly disturbed splenic architecture, characterized by the near complete lack of the red pulp, without affecting lymph nodes. Thus, our observations reveal that the organ-specific patterning of splenic vasculature is critically regulated by Nkx2-3, thereby profoundly affecting the lymphocyte homing mechanism and blood filtering capacity of the spleen in a tissue-specific manner.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Tamás Czömpöly
- Department of Immunology and Biotechnology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Pécs, H-7624 Pécs, Hungary
| | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
42
|
Arai T, Kakuta Y, Kinouchi Y, Kimura T, Negoro K, Aihara H, Endo K, Shiga H, Kanazawa Y, Kuroha M, Moroi R, Nagasawa H, Shimodaira Y, Takahashi S, Shimosegawa T. Increased expression of NKX2.3 mRNA transcribed from the risk haplotype for ulcerative colitis in the involved colonic mucosa. Hum Immunol 2011; 72:587-91. [PMID: 21514341 DOI: 10.1016/j.humimm.2011.03.023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2010] [Revised: 03/23/2011] [Accepted: 03/31/2011] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
NKX2.3 is a promising candidate for susceptibility genes to inflammatory bowel disease (IBD). The aim of this study was to perform a candidate gene analysis of NKX2.3 in Japanese IBD and to examine how the risk allele (haplotype) affects susceptibility to IBD using allelic expression ratios of NKX2.3 mRNA in the involved colonic mucosa. A total of 344 patients with Crohn's disease (CD), 253 patients with ulcerative colitis (UC), and 243 healthy controls (HCs) were genotyped for 3 tag-single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs; rs10883365, rs888208, and rs11596008) around NKX2.3. The allelic expression ratio of NKX2.3-mRNA was examined by TaqMan assay using rs888208 as an allelic (haplotypic) marker. Two SNPs (rs10883365 and rs888208) were significantly associated with UC (p = 7.79 × 10(-4), odds ratio [OR] = 1.54 [95% confidence interval (95% CI) 1.20-1.99], p = 7.70 × 10(-3), OR = 1.41 [95% CI 1.10-1.81], respectively) and 1 SNP (rs10883365) was associated with CD (p = 0.0366, OR = 1.29 [95% CI 1.02-1.63]). Haplotype B formed by the 3 SNPs demonstrated a significant association with UC (p = 6.11 × 10(-4), OR = 1.56 [95% CI 1.21-2.00]). Subgroup analyses indicated that rs10883365 was significantly associated mainly with colonic CD (p = 1.99 × 10(-3), OR = 1.91 [95% CI 1.27-2.88], vs HCs). The allelic expression ratios of NKX2.3 mRNA transcribed from haplotype B (risk haplotype) to haplotype A (the nonrisk haplotype) in the involved mucosa from 10 IBD patients were significantly higher than the allelic ratio of respective genomic DNA (p = 0.00195). We confirmed the association of SNP rs10883365 located in the 5' flanking region of NKX2-3 with Japanese UC and colonic CD and determined the risk haplotype (haplotype B) for UC. The demonstrated allelic expression imbalance supports the idea that the risk haplotype of NKX2.3 confers susceptibility to UC through increasing expression of NKX2.3 mRNA in the colonic mucosa.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Takashi Arai
- Division of Gastroenterology, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, Sendai 980-8574, Japan
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
43
|
Association study of cannabinoid receptor 1 (CNR1) gene in tardive dyskinesia. THE PHARMACOGENOMICS JOURNAL 2011; 12:260-6. [PMID: 21266946 DOI: 10.1038/tpj.2010.93] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
Tardive dyskinesia (TD) is a severe, debilitating movement disorder observed in 25-30% of the patients treated with typical antipsychotics. Cannabinoid receptor 1 (CNR1) activators tend to inhibit movement, an effect prevented by rimonabant and other selective CNR1 antagonists. Furthermore, CNR1 receptor is downregulated in Huntington's disease and upregulated in Parkinson's disease. Twenty tagSNPs spanning the CNR1 gene were analyzed in schizophrenia patients of European ancestry (n=191; 74 with TD). Significant genotypic (P=0.012) and allelic (P=0.012) association was observed with rs806374 (T>C). Carriers of the CC genotype were more likely to be TD positive (CC vs TT+TC, odds ratio=3.4 (1.5-7.8), P=0.003) and had more severe TD (CC vs TT+TC; 9.52±9.2 vs 5.62±6.9, P=0.046). These results indicate a possible role of CNR1 in the development of TD in our patient population. However, these observations are marginal after correcting for multiple testing and need to be replicated in a larger patient population.
Collapse
|
44
|
Meggyesi N, Kiss LS, Koszarska M, Bortlik M, Duricova D, Lakatos L, Molnar T, Leniček M, Vítek L, Altorjay I, Papp M, Tulassay Z, Miheller P, Papp J, Tordai A, Andrikovics H, Lukas M, Lakatos PL. NKX2-3 and IRGM variants are associated with disease susceptibility to IBD in Eastern European patients. World J Gastroenterol 2010; 16:5233-40. [PMID: 21049557 PMCID: PMC2975094 DOI: 10.3748/wjg.v16.i41.5233] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
AIM: To investigate variants of immunity-related GTPase family M (IRGM) and NKX2-3 genes and genotype-phenotype in Eastern European patients with inflammatory bowel disease (IBD).
METHODS: We analyzed 1707 Hungarian and Czech subjects with Crohn’s disease (CD) (n = 810, age: 37.1 ± 12.6 years, duration: 10.7 ± 8.4 years) and ulcerative colitis (UC) (n = 428, age: 43.7 ± 15.0 years, duration: 12.6 ± 9.9 years), as well as 469 healthy controls. IRGM rs13361189, NKX2-3 rs10883365 and ECM1 rs13294 polymorphisms were tested by LightCycler allele discrimination. Detailed clinical phenotypes were determined by reviewing the medical charts.
RESULTS: NKX2-3 rs10883365 variant allele was associated with increased risk for CD (P = 0.009, OR = 1.24, 95% CI = 1.06-1.48) and UC (P = 0.001, OR = 1.36, 95% CI = 1.13-1.63), whereas variant IRGM allele increased risk for CD (P = 0.029, OR = 1.36, 95% CI = 1.03-1.79). In contrast, ECM1 rs13294 was not associated with either CD or UC. In CD, the variant IRGM allele was associated with a colon-only location (P = 0.02, OR = 1.62, 95% CI = 1.07-2.44), whereas in UC, the ECM1 variant was associated with cutaneous manifestations (P = 0.002, OR = 3.36, 95% CI = 1.48-7.63). Variant alleles did not predict resistance to steroids or azathioprine, efficacy of infliximab, or need for surgery.
CONCLUSION: NKX2-3 and IRGM are susceptibility loci for IBD in Eastern European patients. Further studies are needed to confirm the reported phenotype-genotype associations.
Collapse
|
45
|
Yu W, Lin Z, Pastor DM, Hegarty JP, Chen X, Kelly AA, Wang Y, Poritz LS, Koltun WA. Genes regulated by Nkx2-3 in sporadic and inflammatory bowel disease-associated colorectal cancer cell lines. Dig Dis Sci 2010; 55:3171-80. [PMID: 20165982 DOI: 10.1007/s10620-010-1138-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/16/2009] [Accepted: 01/26/2010] [Indexed: 12/09/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Nkx2-3 has been reported to be up-regulated in B cell lines and intestinal tissues from Crohn's disease patients and down-regulated in colorectal cancer. AIMS The purpose of the current study is to determine genes regulated by Nkx2-3 in sporadic (CRS61) and inflammatory bowel disease-associated (CRS4) colorectal cancer cell lines. METHODS Small interfering RNA-mediated knockdown of Nkx2-3 in both cell lines was generated and high-density cDNA microarrays representing over 25,000 genes were performed. Microarray results were validated by RT-PCR and immunofluorescence. Pathway analysis was used to identify gene networks associated with Nkx2-3 knockdown in these cell lines. RESULTS A total of 1,677 genes were regulated by Nkx2-3 in CRS4 cells; 1,375 genes were regulated by Nkx2-3 in CRS61 cells. Among those genes regulated by Nkx2-3, 254 genes were similarly regulated by Nkx2-3 knockdown in both cell lines; 159 genes were differentially regulated by Nkx2-3 knockdown between the two lines. Genes regulated by Nkx2-3 were grouped primarily within the following two functional categories: (1) immune and inflammatory response; and (2) cell proliferation, growth, and oncogenesis. Among the genes with similarly changed expression in the two cell lines, the top affected pathways included antigen presentation and cell-cell signaling. Among the genes with differentially changed expression between the two cell lines, ingenuity pathway analysis indicated that the top affected pathway included genes directly involved in Wnt signaling. CONCLUSIONS Nkx2-3 may contribute to the pathogenesis of IBD-associated CRC and sporadic CRC by regulating the Wnt signaling pathway.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Wei Yu
- Department of Surgery, Division of Colon and Rectal Surgery, Penn State Milton S. Hershey Medical Center, Pennsylvania State University College of Medicine, 500 University Drive, Hershey, PA 17033, USA.
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
46
|
Yu W, Lin Z, Hegarty JP, John G, Chen X, Faber PW, Kelly AA, Wang Y, Poritz LS, Schreiber S, Koltun WA. Genes regulated by Nkx2-3 in siRNA-mediated knockdown B cells: implication of endothelin-1 in inflammatory bowel disease. Mol Genet Metab 2010; 100:88-95. [PMID: 20188614 DOI: 10.1016/j.ymgme.2010.02.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2010] [Accepted: 02/01/2010] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Nkx2-3 gene variants are strongly associated with inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) and its expression is up-regulated in Crohn's disease (CD). However, the nature of its role underlying IBD pathogenesis is unknown. We investigated the genes regulated by Nkx2-3 using cDNA microarray. A small interfering RNA (siRNA)-mediated knockdown of Nkx2-3 in a B cell line from a CD patient was generated. Gene expression was profiled on high-density cDNA microarrays representing over 25,000 genes. Ingenuity pathway analysis (IPA) was used to identify gene networks according to biological functions and associated pathways. Expression profiling analysis by cDNA microarray showed that 125 genes were regulated by Nkx2-3 knockdown (fold change >or=3.0, p<0.01), among which 51 genes were immune and inflammatory response genes. Microarray results were validated by RT-PCR and further confirmed in a B cell line expressing siRNA of Nkx2-3 from an additional CD patient. The results showed that Nkx2-3 was up-regulated (p<0.05) and EDN1 was down-regulated (p<0.05) in B cell lines from CD patients. mRNA expression levels of Nkx2-3 were negatively correlated with those of EDN1 (r=-0.6044, p<0.05). EDN1 was also down-regulated in intestinal tissues from UC patients (p<0.05). Our present results demonstrate that a decrease in Nkx2-3 gene expression level can profoundly alter the expression of genes and cellular functions relevant to the pathogenesis and progression of IBD, such as EDN1.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Wei Yu
- Department of Surgery, Pennsylvania State University College of Medicine, Hershey, PA 17033, USA.
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
47
|
Melgar S, Shanahan F. Inflammatory bowel disease—From mechanisms to treatment strategies. Autoimmunity 2010; 43:463-77. [DOI: 10.3109/08916931003674709] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
|
48
|
Gorfu G, Rivera-Nieves J, Ley K. Role of β7 Integrins in Intestinal Lymphocyte Homing and Retention. Curr Mol Med 2009; 9:836-50. [DOI: 10.2174/156652409789105525] [Citation(s) in RCA: 225] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
|
49
|
Yu W, Lin Z, Kelly AA, Hegarty JP, Poritz LS, Wang Y, Li T, Schreiber S, Koltun WA. Association of a Nkx2-3 polymorphism with Crohn's disease and expression of Nkx2-3 is up-regulated in B cell lines and intestinal tissues with Crohn's disease. J Crohns Colitis 2009; 3:189-95. [PMID: 21172269 DOI: 10.1016/j.crohns.2009.04.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/18/2009] [Accepted: 04/28/2009] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
AIM To replicate the association of Nkx2-3 rs10883365 SNP with Crohn's disease in patients from a familial IBD registry from the central Pennsylvania area and study mRNA and protein expression of Nkx2-3 in CD patients. MATERIALS AND METHODS We genotyped the Nkx2-3 rs10883365 SNP in 75 CD patients,137 non-CD family members and 118 unrelated healthy controls from EBV-transformed B cell lines of a familial IBD registry in central Pennsylvania. mRNA and protein expression levels of Nkx2-3 were measured by RT-PCR and Western blot, respectively. RESULTS rs10883365 was found to be associated with CD. A significant difference between the homozygous variant genotype (GG) compared to the wild type sequence (AA) was observed between CD and individuals without IBD, including both non-IBD family members from the familial IBD registry and unrelated healthy controls. However, there was not a significant difference between CD and non-IBD related family members. mRNA and protein expression levels of Nkx2-3 were increased in CD compared with non-CD sibling and healthy controls. A total of 16 sibling pairs were examined, and the mRNA and protein expression levels of Nkx2-3 from 12 of the sibling pairs (75%) were increased in the CD individual compared with the non-CD sibling. mRNA expression levels of Nkx2-3 were increased in diseased tissues compared with adjacent normal tissues in 7 of 9 patients (77.8%). CONCLUSIONS Nkx2-3 is genetically associated with CD and is up-regulated in CD, suggesting that Nkx2-3 is involved in the pathogenesis of CD.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Wei Yu
- Department of Surgery, the Pennsylvania State University College of Medicine, Hershey, PA, USA
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
50
|
Henckaerts L, Van Steen K, Verstreken I, Cleynen I, Franke A, Schreiber S, Rutgeerts P, Vermeire S. Genetic risk profiling and prediction of disease course in Crohn's disease patients. Clin Gastroenterol Hepatol 2009; 7:972-980.e2. [PMID: 19422935 DOI: 10.1016/j.cgh.2009.05.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 108] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2009] [Accepted: 05/01/2009] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND & AIMS Clinical presentation at diagnosis and disease course of Crohn's disease (CD) are heterogeneous and variable over time. Early introduction of immunomodulators and/or biologicals might be justified in patients at risk for disease progression, so it is important to identify these patients as soon as possible. We examined the influence of recently discovered CD-associated susceptibility loci on changes in disease behavior and evaluated whether a genetic risk model for disease progression could be generated. METHODS Complete medical data were available for 875 CD patients (median follow-up time, 14 years; interquartile range, 7-22). Fifty CD-associated polymorphisms were genotyped. Kaplan-Meier survival analyses, multiple logistic regression, and generalized multifactor dimensionality reduction analyses (GMDR) were performed, correcting for follow-up time. RESULTS Homozygosity for the rs1363670 G-allele in a gene encoding a hypothetical protein near the IL12B gene was independently associated with stricturing disease behavior (odds ratio [OR], 5.48; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.60-18.83; P = .007) and with shorter time to strictures (P = .01), especially in patients with ileal involvement (P = .0002). Male patients carrying at least one rs12704036 T-allele in a gene desert had the shortest time to non-perianal fistula (P < .0001). The presence of a C-allele at the CDKAL1 single nucleotide polymorphism rs6908425 and the absence of NOD2 variants were independently associated with development of perianal fistula (OR, 8.86; 95% CI, 1.13-69.78; P = .04 and OR, 0.56; 95% CI, 0.38-0.83; P = .004, respectively), particularly when colonic involvement and active smoking were present. CONCLUSIONS CD-associated polymorphisms play a role in disease progression and might be useful in identifying patients who could benefit from an early top-down treatment approach.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Liesbet Henckaerts
- Department of Medicine, Gastroenterology Section, Catholic University of Leuven, Leuven, Belgium.
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|