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Patel R, Cardona CL, Angeles E, Singh G, Ashok A, Teich AF, Sproul AA. Reduced SH3RF3 may protect against Alzheimer's disease by lowering microglial pro-inflammatory responses via modulation of JNK and NFkB signaling. BIORXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR BIOLOGY 2024:2024.06.23.600281. [PMID: 38979369 PMCID: PMC11230201 DOI: 10.1101/2024.06.23.600281] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/10/2024]
Abstract
Understanding how high-risk individuals are protected from Alzheimer's disease (AD) may illuminate potential therapeutic targets. A previously identified non-coding SNP in SH3RF3/POSH2 significantly delayed disease onset in a Caribbean Hispanic cohort carrying the PSEN1 G206A mutation sufficient to cause early-onset AD and microglial expression of SH3RF3 has been reported to be a key driver of late-onset AD. SH3RF3 acts as a JNK pathway scaffold and can activate NFκB signaling. While effects of SH3RF3 knockdown in human neurons were subtle, including decreased phospho-tau S422, knockdown in human microglia significantly reduced inflammatory cytokines in response to either a viral mimic or oligomeric Aβ42. This was associated with reduced activation of JNK and NFκB pathways in response to these stimuli. Pharmacological inhibition of JNK or NFκB signaling phenocopied SH3RF3 knockdown. We also found PSEN1 G206A microglia have reduced inflammatory responses to oAβ42. Thus, further reduction of microglial inflammatory responses in PSEN1 mutant carriers by protective SNPs in SH3RF3 might reduce the link between amyloid and neuroinflammation to subsequently delay the onset of AD.
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2
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Ma T, Wang Y, Yu L, Liu J, Wang T, Sun P, Feng Y, Zhang D, Shi L, He K, Zhao L, Xu Z. Mea6/cTAGE5 cooperates with TRAPPC12 to regulate PTN secretion and white matter development. iScience 2024; 27:109180. [PMID: 38439956 PMCID: PMC10909747 DOI: 10.1016/j.isci.2024.109180] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2023] [Revised: 11/11/2023] [Accepted: 02/06/2024] [Indexed: 03/06/2024] Open
Abstract
Mutations of TRAPPC12 are associated with progressive childhood encephalopathy including abnormal white matter. However, the underlying pathogenesis is still unclear. Here, we found that Trappc12 deficiency in CG4 and oligodendrocyte progenitor cells (OPCs) affects their differentiation and maturation. In addition, TRAPPC12 interacts with Mea6/cTAGE5, and Mea6/cTAGE5 ablation in OPCs affects their proliferation and differentiation, leading to marked hypomyelination, compromised synaptic functionality, and aberrant behaviors in mice. We reveal that TRAPPC12 is associated with COPII components at ER exit site, and Mea6/cTAGE5 cKO disrupts the trafficking pathway by affecting the distribution and/or expression of TRAPPC12, SEC13, SEC31A, and SAR1. Moreover, we observed marked disturbances in the secretion of pleiotrophin (PTN) in Mea6-deficient OPCs. Notably, exogenous PTN supplementation ameliorated the differentiation deficits of these OPCs. Collectively, our findings indicate that the association between TRAPPC12 and MEA6 is important for cargo trafficking and white matter development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tiantian Ma
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Developmental Biology, Institute of Genetics and Developmental Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100083, China
| | - Yaqing Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Developmental Biology, Institute of Genetics and Developmental Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100083, China
| | - Laikang Yu
- Key Laboratory of Physical Fitness and Exercise, Ministry of Education, Beijing Sport University, Beijing, Haidian District, China
| | - Jinghua Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Developmental Biology, Institute of Genetics and Developmental Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100083, China
| | - Tao Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Developmental Biology, Institute of Genetics and Developmental Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China
| | - Pengyu Sun
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Developmental Biology, Institute of Genetics and Developmental Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100083, China
| | - Yinghang Feng
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Developmental Biology, Institute of Genetics and Developmental Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100083, China
| | - Dan Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Developmental Biology, Institute of Genetics and Developmental Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100083, China
| | - Lei Shi
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Developmental Biology, Institute of Genetics and Developmental Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China
| | - Kangmin He
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Developmental Biology, Institute of Genetics and Developmental Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100083, China
| | - Li Zhao
- Key Laboratory of Physical Fitness and Exercise, Ministry of Education, Beijing Sport University, Beijing, Haidian District, China
| | - Zhiheng Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Developmental Biology, Institute of Genetics and Developmental Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100083, China
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3
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Zhong J, Wang C, Zhang D, Yao X, Zhao Q, Huang X, Lin F, Xue C, Wang Y, He R, Li XY, Li Q, Wang M, Zhao S, Afridi SK, Zhou W, Wang Z, Xu Y, Xu Z. PCDHA9 as a candidate gene for amyotrophic lateral sclerosis. Nat Commun 2024; 15:2189. [PMID: 38467605 PMCID: PMC10928119 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-024-46333-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2023] [Accepted: 02/23/2024] [Indexed: 03/13/2024] Open
Abstract
Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) is a devastating neurodegenerative disease. To identify additional genetic factors, we analyzed exome sequences in a large cohort of Chinese ALS patients and found a homozygous variant (p.L700P) in PCDHA9 in three unrelated patients. We generated Pcdhα9 mutant mice harboring either orthologous point mutation or deletion mutation. These mice develop progressive spinal motor loss, muscle atrophy, and structural/functional abnormalities of the neuromuscular junction, leading to paralysis and early lethality. TDP-43 pathology is detected in the spinal motor neurons of aged mutant mice. Mechanistically, we demonstrate that Pcdha9 mutation causes aberrant activation of FAK and PYK2 in aging spinal cord, and dramatically reduced NKA-α1 expression in motor neurons. Our single nucleus multi-omics analysis reveals disturbed signaling involved in cell adhesion, ion transport, synapse organization, and neuronal survival in aged mutant mice. Together, our results present PCDHA9 as a potential ALS gene and provide insights into its pathogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jie Zhong
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Developmental Biology, Institute of Genetics and Developmental Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100101, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100101, China
| | - Chaodong Wang
- Department of Neurology, Xuanwu Hospital, Capital Medical University, National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disease, Beijing, 100053, China.
| | - Dan Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Developmental Biology, Institute of Genetics and Developmental Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100101, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100101, China
| | - Xiaoli Yao
- Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510080, China
| | - Quanzhen Zhao
- Department of Neurology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, China
| | - Xusheng Huang
- Department of Neurology, The First Medical Center, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, 100853, China
| | - Feng Lin
- Department of Neurology, Fujian Medical University Union Hospital, Fuzhou, 350001, China
| | - Chun Xue
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Developmental Biology, Institute of Genetics and Developmental Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100101, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100101, China
| | - Yaqing Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Developmental Biology, Institute of Genetics and Developmental Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100101, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100101, China
| | - Ruojie He
- Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510080, China
| | - Xu-Ying Li
- Department of Neurology, Xuanwu Hospital, Capital Medical University, National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disease, Beijing, 100053, China
| | - Qibin Li
- Shenzhen Clabee Biotechnology Incorporation, Shenzhen, 518057, China
| | - Mingbang Wang
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Birth Defects, Division of Neonatology, Children's Hospital of Fudan University, National Center for Children's Health, Shanghai, 201102, China
| | - Shaoli Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Developmental Biology, Institute of Genetics and Developmental Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100101, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100101, China
| | - Shabbir Khan Afridi
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Developmental Biology, Institute of Genetics and Developmental Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100101, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100101, China
| | - Wenhao Zhou
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Birth Defects, Division of Neonatology, Children's Hospital of Fudan University, National Center for Children's Health, Shanghai, 201102, China
| | - Zhanjun Wang
- Department of Neurology, Xuanwu Hospital, Capital Medical University, National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disease, Beijing, 100053, China
| | - Yanming Xu
- Department of Neurology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, China.
| | - Zhiheng Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Developmental Biology, Institute of Genetics and Developmental Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100101, China.
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100101, China.
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4
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Köster KA, Dethlefs M, Duque Escobar J, Oetjen E. Regulation of the Activity of the Dual Leucine Zipper Kinase by Distinct Mechanisms. Cells 2024; 13:333. [PMID: 38391946 PMCID: PMC10886912 DOI: 10.3390/cells13040333] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/29/2023] [Revised: 02/05/2024] [Accepted: 02/07/2024] [Indexed: 02/24/2024] Open
Abstract
The dual leucine zipper kinase (DLK) alias mitogen-activated protein 3 kinase 12 (MAP3K12) has gained much attention in recent years. DLK belongs to the mixed lineage kinases, characterized by homology to serine/threonine and tyrosine kinase, but exerts serine/threonine kinase activity. DLK has been implicated in many diseases, including several neurodegenerative diseases, glaucoma, and diabetes mellitus. As a MAP3K, it is generally assumed that DLK becomes phosphorylated and activated by upstream signals and phosphorylates and activates itself, the downstream serine/threonine MAP2K, and, ultimately, MAPK. In addition, other mechanisms such as protein-protein interactions, proteasomal degradation, dephosphorylation by various phosphatases, palmitoylation, and subcellular localization have been shown to be involved in the regulation of DLK activity or its fine-tuning. In the present review, the diverse mechanisms regulating DLK activity will be summarized to provide better insights into DLK action and, possibly, new targets to modulate DLK function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kyra-Alexandra Köster
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology and Toxicology, University Medical Centre Hamburg-Eppendorf, 20246 Hamburg, Germany; (K.-A.K.); (M.D.)
- DZHK Standort Hamburg, Kiel, Lübeck, Germany;
| | - Marten Dethlefs
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology and Toxicology, University Medical Centre Hamburg-Eppendorf, 20246 Hamburg, Germany; (K.-A.K.); (M.D.)
- DZHK Standort Hamburg, Kiel, Lübeck, Germany;
| | - Jorge Duque Escobar
- DZHK Standort Hamburg, Kiel, Lübeck, Germany;
- University Center of Cardiovascular Science, Department of Cardiology, University Heart & Vascular Center Hamburg, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, 20246 Hamburg, Germany
| | - Elke Oetjen
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology and Toxicology, University Medical Centre Hamburg-Eppendorf, 20246 Hamburg, Germany; (K.-A.K.); (M.D.)
- DZHK Standort Hamburg, Kiel, Lübeck, Germany;
- Institute of Pharmacy, University of Hamburg, 20146 Hamburg, Germany
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5
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Xu D, Zhi Y, Liu X, Guan L, Yu J, Zhang D, Zhang W, Wang Y, Tao W, Xu Z. WDR62-deficiency Causes Autism-like Behaviors Independent of Microcephaly in Mice. Neurosci Bull 2023; 39:1333-1347. [PMID: 36571716 PMCID: PMC10465473 DOI: 10.1007/s12264-022-00997-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/07/2022] [Accepted: 07/19/2022] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Brain size abnormality is correlated with an increased frequency of autism spectrum disorder (ASD) in offspring. Genetic analysis indicates that heterozygous mutations of the WD repeat domain 62 (WDR62) are associated with ASD. However, biological evidence is still lacking. Our study showed that Wdr62 knockout (KO) led to reduced brain size with impaired learning and memory, as well as ASD-like behaviors in mice. Interestingly, Wdr62 Nex-cKO mice (depletion of WDR62 in differentiated neurons) had a largely normal brain size but with aberrant social interactions and repetitive behaviors. WDR62 regulated dendritic spinogenesis and excitatory synaptic transmission in cortical pyramidal neurons. Finally, we revealed that retinoic acid gavages significantly alleviated ASD-like behaviors in mice with WDR62 haploinsufficiency, probably by complementing the expression of ASD and synapse-related genes. Our findings provide a new perspective on the relationship between the microcephaly gene WDR62 and ASD etiology that will benefit clinical diagnosis and intervention of ASD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dan Xu
- Fujian Key Laboratory of Molecular Neurology, Institute of Neuroscience, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, 350005, China.
| | - Yiqiang Zhi
- College of Biological Science and Engineering, Institute of Life Sciences, Fuzhou University, Fuzhou, 350108, China
| | - Xinyi Liu
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100101, China
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Developmental Biology, CAS Center for Excellence in Brain Science and Intelligence Technology, Institute of Genetics and Developmental Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100101, China
| | - Le Guan
- Key Laboratory of Brain Aging and Neurodegenerative Diseases, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, 350108, China
| | - Jurui Yu
- College of Biological Science and Engineering, Institute of Life Sciences, Fuzhou University, Fuzhou, 350108, China
| | - Dan Zhang
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100101, China
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Developmental Biology, CAS Center for Excellence in Brain Science and Intelligence Technology, Institute of Genetics and Developmental Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100101, China
| | - Weiya Zhang
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100101, China
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Developmental Biology, CAS Center for Excellence in Brain Science and Intelligence Technology, Institute of Genetics and Developmental Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100101, China
| | - Yaqing Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Developmental Biology, CAS Center for Excellence in Brain Science and Intelligence Technology, Institute of Genetics and Developmental Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100101, China
| | - Wucheng Tao
- Key Laboratory of Brain Aging and Neurodegenerative Diseases, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, 350108, China.
| | - Zhiheng Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Developmental Biology, CAS Center for Excellence in Brain Science and Intelligence Technology, Institute of Genetics and Developmental Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100101, China.
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6
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Das R, Pandey P, Maurya B, Pradhan P, Sinha D, Mukherjee A, Mutsuddi M. Spoonbill positively regulates JNK signalling mediated apoptosis in Drosophila melanogaster. Eur J Cell Biol 2023; 102:151300. [PMID: 36858008 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejcb.2023.151300] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2022] [Revised: 02/21/2023] [Accepted: 02/22/2023] [Indexed: 02/26/2023] Open
Abstract
A-kinase anchoring protein (AKAP) comprises a family of scaffold proteins, which decides the subcellular localisation of a combination of signalling molecules. Spoonbill (Spoon) is a putative A-kinase anchoring protein in Drosophila. We have earlier reported that Spoon suppresses ribonuclear foci formed by trinucleotide repeat expanded transcripts associated with Spinocerebellar Ataxia 8 neurodegeneration in Drosophila. However, the role of Spoonbill in cellular signalling was unexplored. In this report, we have unravelled a novel function of Spoon protein in the regulation of the apoptotic pathway. The Drosophila TNFα homolog, Eiger, induces apoptosis via activation of the JNK pathway. We have shown here that Spoonbill is a positive regulator of the Eiger-induced JNK signalling. Further genetic interaction studies show that the spoon interacts with components of the JNK pathway, TGF-β activated kinase 1 (Tak1 - JNKKK), hemipterous (hep - JNKK) and basket (bsk - JNK). Interestingly, Spoonbill alone can also induce ectopic activation of the JNK pathway in a context-specific manner. To understand the molecular mechanism underlying Spoonbill-mediated modulation of the JNK pathway, the interaction between Spoon and Drosophila JNK was assessed. basket encodes the only known JNK in Drosophila. This serine/threonine-protein kinase phosphorylates Jra/Kay, which transcriptionally regulate downstream targets like Matrix metalloproteinase 1 (Mmp1), puckered (puc), and proapoptotic genes hid, reaper and grim. Interestingly, we found that Spoonbill colocalises and co-immunoprecipitates with the Basket protein in the developing photoreceptor neurons. Hence, we propose that Spoon plays a vital role in JNK-induced apoptosis. Furthermore, stress-induced JNK activation underlying Parkinson's Disease was also examined. In the Parkinson's Drosophila model of neurodegeneration, depletion of Spoonbill leads to a partial reduction of JNK pathway activation, along with improvement in adult motor activity. These observations suggest that the putative scaffold protein Spoonbill is a functional and physical interacting partner of the Drosophila JNK protein, Basket. Spoon protein is localised on the outer mitochondrial membrane (OMM), which may perhaps provide a suitable subcellular niche for activation of Drosophila Basket protein by its kinases which induce apoptosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rituparna Das
- Department of Molecular and Human Genetics, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi 221005, India
| | - Pranjali Pandey
- Department of Molecular and Human Genetics, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi 221005, India
| | - Bhawana Maurya
- Department of Molecular and Human Genetics, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi 221005, India
| | | | - Devanjan Sinha
- Department of Zoology, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi 221005, India
| | - Ashim Mukherjee
- Department of Molecular and Human Genetics, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi 221005, India
| | - Mousumi Mutsuddi
- Department of Molecular and Human Genetics, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi 221005, India.
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7
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Downregulation of CDC25C in NPCs Disturbed Cortical Neurogenesis. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24021505. [PMID: 36675024 PMCID: PMC9863197 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24021505] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/11/2022] [Revised: 01/04/2023] [Accepted: 01/09/2023] [Indexed: 01/13/2023] Open
Abstract
Cell division regulators play a vital role in neural progenitor cell (NPC) proliferation and differentiation. Cell division cycle 25C (CDC25C) is a member of the CDC25 family of phosphatases which positively regulate cell division by activating cyclin-dependent protein kinases (CDKs). However, mice with the Cdc25c gene knocked out were shown to be viable and lacked the apparent phenotype due to genetic compensation by Cdc25a and/or Cdc25b. Here, we investigate the function of Cdc25c in developing rat brains by knocking down Cdc25c in NPCs using in utero electroporation. Our results indicate that Cdc25c plays an essential role in maintaining the proliferative state of NPCs during cortical development. The knockdown of Cdc25c causes early cell cycle exit and the premature differentiation of NPCs. Our study uncovers a novel role of CDC25C in NPC division and cell fate determination. In addition, our study presents a functional approach to studying the role of genes, which elicit genetic compensation with knockout, in cortical neurogenesis by knocking down in vivo.
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8
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Yao M, Meng M, Yang X, Wang S, Zhang H, Zhang F, Shi L, Zhang Y, Zhang X, Xu Z. POSH regulates assembly of the NMDAR/PSD-95/Shank complex and synaptic function. Cell Rep 2022; 39:110642. [PMID: 35385725 DOI: 10.1016/j.celrep.2022.110642] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2021] [Revised: 01/01/2022] [Accepted: 03/16/2022] [Indexed: 11/03/2022] Open
Abstract
Mutation or disruption of the Shank/ProSAP family of genes is a high risk factor for autism spectrum disorders (ASDs) and intellectual disability. N-methyl-D-aspartate glutamate receptor (NMDAR) dysfunction contributes to the development of autism-like behaviors. However, the molecular mechanism of Shank-mediated NMDAR modulation is still not clear. Here, we show that the scaffold protein plenty of SH3s (POSH) directly interacts with two other scaffold proteins, PSD95 and SHANK2/3, at excitatory synapses. In POSH conditional knockout (cKO) mice, normal synaptic clustering of NMDAR/PSD-95/SHANK complex is disrupted, accompanied by abnormal dendritic spine development and glutamatergic transmission in hippocampal neurons. POSH cKO mice display profound autism-like behaviors, including impairments in social interactions, social communication, repetitive behaviors, and deficits in learning and memory. Thus, POSH clusters at the postsynaptic density (PSD) with PSD-95 and SHANK2/3 and plays important roles in the signaling mechanisms of the NMDAR/PSD-95/POSH/SHANK complex as well as in spine development and brain function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Minghui Yao
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Developmental Biology, CAS Center for Excellence in Brain Science and Intelligence Technology, Institute of Genetics and Developmental Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China.
| | - Meizhen Meng
- State Key Laboratory of Cognitive Neuroscience and Learning, IDG/McGovern Institute for Brain Research, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875, China
| | - Xiyu Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Cognitive Neuroscience and Learning, IDG/McGovern Institute for Brain Research, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875, China
| | - Shuo Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Developmental Biology, CAS Center for Excellence in Brain Science and Intelligence Technology, Institute of Genetics and Developmental Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China
| | - Hongsheng Zhang
- Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Neurodegenerative Disease and Aging Research, Institute of Neuroscience, School of Medicine, Xiamen University, Xiamen, China
| | - Feng Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Developmental Biology, CAS Center for Excellence in Brain Science and Intelligence Technology, Institute of Genetics and Developmental Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China
| | - Lei Shi
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Developmental Biology, CAS Center for Excellence in Brain Science and Intelligence Technology, Institute of Genetics and Developmental Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China
| | - Yongqing Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Developmental Biology, CAS Center for Excellence in Brain Science and Intelligence Technology, Institute of Genetics and Developmental Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China
| | - Xiaohui Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Cognitive Neuroscience and Learning, IDG/McGovern Institute for Brain Research, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875, China.
| | - Zhiheng Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Developmental Biology, CAS Center for Excellence in Brain Science and Intelligence Technology, Institute of Genetics and Developmental Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China; Parkinson's Disease Center, Beijing Institute for Brain Disorders, Beijing 100101, China.
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9
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Wen Q, Weng H, Liu T, Yu L, Zhao T, Qin J, Li S, Wu Q, Fadel T, Qu Y, Zhou L. Inactivating Celsr2 promotes motor axon fasciculation and regeneration in mouse and human. Brain 2022; 145:670-683. [PMID: 34983065 PMCID: PMC9014747 DOI: 10.1093/brain/awab317] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/18/2021] [Revised: 07/20/2021] [Accepted: 07/26/2021] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Understanding new modulators of axon regeneration is central to neural repair. Our previous work demonstrated critical roles of atypical cadherin Celsr2 during neural development, including cilia organization, neuron migration and axon navigation. Here, we address its role in axon regeneration. We show that Celsr2 is highly expressed in both mouse and human spinal motor neurons. Celsr2 knockout promotes axon regeneration and fasciculation in mouse cultured spinal explants. Similarly, cultured Celsr2 mutant motor neurons extend longer neurites and larger growth cones, with increased expression of end-binding protein 3 and higher potassium-induced calcium influx. Mice with Celsr2 conditional knockout in spinal motor neurons do not exhibit any behavioural deficits; however, after branchial plexus injury, axon regeneration and functional forelimb locomotor recovery are significantly improved. Similarly, knockdown of CELSR2 using shRNA interference in cultured human spinal motor explants and motor neurons increases axonal fasciculation and growth. In mouse adult spinal cord after root avulsion, in mouse embryonic spinal cords, and in cultured human motor neurons, Celsr2 downregulation is accompanied by increased levels of GTP-bound Rac1 and Cdc42, and of JNK and c-Jun. In conclusion, Celsr2 negatively regulates motor axon regeneration and is a potential target to improve neural repair.
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Affiliation(s)
- Quan Wen
- Guangdong-Hongkong-Macau Institute of CNS Regeneration, Ministry of Education CNS Regeneration Collaborative Joint Laboratory, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, P. R. China
| | - Huandi Weng
- Guangdong-Hongkong-Macau Institute of CNS Regeneration, Ministry of Education CNS Regeneration Collaborative Joint Laboratory, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, P. R. China
| | - Tao Liu
- Guangdong-Hongkong-Macau Institute of CNS Regeneration, Ministry of Education CNS Regeneration Collaborative Joint Laboratory, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, P. R. China
| | - Lingtai Yu
- Guangdong-Hongkong-Macau Institute of CNS Regeneration, Ministry of Education CNS Regeneration Collaborative Joint Laboratory, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, P. R. China
| | - Tainyun Zhao
- Department of Anesthesiology, Guangzhou Women and Children's Medical Center, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, P.R. China
| | - Jingwen Qin
- Department of Anesthesiology, Guangzhou Women and Children's Medical Center, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, P.R. China
| | - Si Li
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Development Biology, Institute of Genetics and Developmental Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, P.R. China.,University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, P.R. China
| | - Qingfeng Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Development Biology, Institute of Genetics and Developmental Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, P.R. China.,University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, P.R. China
| | - Tissir Fadel
- Université catholique de Louvain, Institute of Neuroscience, Developmental Neurobiology, Brussels, Belgium.,College of Life and Health Sciences, Hamad Bin Khalifa University (HBKU), Doha, Qatar
| | - Yibo Qu
- Guangdong-Hongkong-Macau Institute of CNS Regeneration, Ministry of Education CNS Regeneration Collaborative Joint Laboratory, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, P. R. China.,Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao Greater Bay Area Center for Brain Science and Brain- Inspired Intelligence, Guangzhou 510515, P.R. China.,Co-innovation Center of Neuroregeneration, Nantong University, Jiangsu, P. R. China
| | - Libing Zhou
- Guangdong-Hongkong-Macau Institute of CNS Regeneration, Ministry of Education CNS Regeneration Collaborative Joint Laboratory, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, P. R. China.,Bioland Laboratory (Guangzhou Regenerative Medicine and Health Guangdong Laboratory), Guangzhou 510005, P.R. China.,Co-innovation Center of Neuroregeneration, Nantong University, Jiangsu, P. R. China.,The first affiliated hospital of Jian University, Guangzhou 510632, P. R. China
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10
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Lima T, Ferreira R, Freitas M, Henrique R, Vitorino R, Fardilha M. Integration of Automatic Text Mining and Genomic and Proteomic Analysis to Unravel Prostate Cancer Biomarkers. J Proteome Res 2022; 21:447-458. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.jproteome.1c00763] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Tânia Lima
- Laboratory of Signal Transduction, Department of Medical Sciences, Institute of Biomedicine─iBiMED, University of Aveiro, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal
- Department of Medical Sciences, Institute of Biomedicine─iBiMED, University of Aveiro, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal
- Cancer Biology and Epigenetics Group, Research Center of Portuguese Oncology Institute of Porto (GEBC CI-IPOP) & Porto Comprehensive Cancer Center (P.CCC), 4200-072 Porto, Portugal
| | - Rita Ferreira
- LAQV/REQUIMTE, Department of Chemistry, University of Aveiro, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal
| | - Marina Freitas
- Department of Medical Sciences, Institute of Biomedicine─iBiMED, University of Aveiro, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal
| | - Rui Henrique
- Department of Pathology, Portuguese Oncology Institute of Porto (IPO Porto) & Porto Comprehensive Cancer Center (P.CCC), 4200-072 Porto, Portugal
- Cancer Biology and Epigenetics Group, Research Center of Portuguese Oncology Institute of Porto (GEBC CI-IPOP) & Porto Comprehensive Cancer Center (P.CCC), 4200-072 Porto, Portugal
- Department of Pathology and Molecular Immunology, Institute of Biomedical Sciences Abel Salazar, University of Porto (ICBAS-UP), 4050-513 Porto, Portugal
| | - Rui Vitorino
- Department of Medical Sciences, Institute of Biomedicine─iBiMED, University of Aveiro, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal
- LAQV/REQUIMTE, Department of Chemistry, University of Aveiro, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal
- Cardiovascular Research Centre (UnIC), Department of Surgery and Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Porto, 4200-319 Porto, Portugal
| | - Margarida Fardilha
- Laboratory of Signal Transduction, Department of Medical Sciences, Institute of Biomedicine─iBiMED, University of Aveiro, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal
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11
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Caliz AD, Vertii A, Fisch V, Yoon S, Yoo HJ, Keaney JF, Kant S. Mitogen-activated protein kinase kinase 7 in inflammatory, cancer, and neurological diseases. Front Cell Dev Biol 2022; 10:979673. [PMID: 36340039 PMCID: PMC9630596 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2022.979673] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/27/2022] [Accepted: 10/10/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Stress-activated mitogen-activated protein kinase kinase 7 (MKK7) is a member of the dual-specificity mitogen-activated protein kinase family. In the human body, MKK7 controls essential physiological processes, including but not limited to proliferation and differentiation in multiple tissues and organs. MKK7, along with the MKK4 pathway, has been implicated in stress-activated activities and biological events that are mediated by c-Jun N-terminal kinase (JNK) signaling. Although numerous studies have been performed to identify the role of JNK in multiple biological processes, there are limited publications that focus on dissecting the independent role of MKK7. Recent research findings have spurred testing via in vivo genetically deficient models, uncovering previously undocumented JNK-independent functions of MKK7. Here we discuss both JNK-dependent and-independent functions of MKK7 in vivo. This review summarizes the role of MKK7 in inflammation, cytokine production, cancer, and neurological diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amada D Caliz
- Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, United States
| | - Anastassiia Vertii
- Department of Molecular, Cell and Cancer Biology, University of Massachusetts Chan Medical School, Worcester, MA, United States
| | - Vijay Fisch
- Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, United States
| | - Soonsang Yoon
- Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, United States
| | - Hyung-Jin Yoo
- Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, United States
| | - John F Keaney
- Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, United States
| | - Shashi Kant
- Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, United States
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12
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Li C, Zheng Y, Zheng Y, Xu Z. SRPS associated protein WDR60 regulates the multipolar-to-bipolar transition of migrating neurons during cortical development. Cell Death Dis 2021; 12:75. [PMID: 33436552 PMCID: PMC7804399 DOI: 10.1038/s41419-020-03363-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2020] [Revised: 12/12/2020] [Accepted: 12/17/2020] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Mutations of WD40 repeat domain 60 (WDR60) have been identified in short-rib polydactyly syndromes (SRPS I–V), a group of lethal congenital disorders characterized by short ribs, polydactyly, and a range of extraskeletal phenotypes. However, the underlying mechanism is still unclear. Here, we report that WDR60 is essential for embryonic development and plays a critical role in the multipolar-bipolar transition and migration of newborn neurons during brain development. Mechanically, we found that WDR60 was located at the microtubule-organizing center to control microtubule organization and possibly, the trafficking of cellular components. Importantly, the migration defect caused by Wdr60 knockdown could be rescued by the stable form of α-Tubulin, α-TubulinK40Q (an acetylation-mimicking mutant). These findings identified a non-cilia function of WDR60 and provided insight into its biological function, as well as the pathogenesis of WDR60 deficiency associated with SRPS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cui Li
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Developmental Biology, CAS Center for Excellence in Brain Science and Intelligence Technology, Institute of Genetics and Developmental Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China.,University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100101, China
| | - Yu Zheng
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Developmental Biology, CAS Center for Excellence in Brain Science and Intelligence Technology, Institute of Genetics and Developmental Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China.,University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100101, China
| | - Yufang Zheng
- Obstetrics & Gynecology Hospital, Institute of Reproduction & Development, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200011, China. .,Institute of Developmental Biology & Molecular Medicine, State Key Laboratory of Genetic Engineering, School of Life Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200433, China.
| | - Zhiheng Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Developmental Biology, CAS Center for Excellence in Brain Science and Intelligence Technology, Institute of Genetics and Developmental Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China. .,University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100101, China. .,Parkinson's Disease Center, Beijing Institute for Brain Disorders, Beijing, 100053, China.
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13
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Chang Y, Jiang Y, Li C, Wang Q, Zhang F, Qin CF, Wu QF, Li J, Xu Z. Different Gene Networks Are Disturbed by Zika Virus Infection in A Mouse Microcephaly Model. GENOMICS PROTEOMICS & BIOINFORMATICS 2021; 18:737-748. [PMID: 33418086 PMCID: PMC8377042 DOI: 10.1016/j.gpb.2019.06.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2018] [Revised: 05/17/2019] [Accepted: 08/02/2019] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
The association of Zika virus (ZIKV) infection with microcephaly has raised alarm worldwide. Their causal link has been confirmed in different animal models infected by ZIKV. However, the molecular mechanisms underlying ZIKV pathogenesis are far from clear. Hence, we performed global gene expression analysis of ZIKV-infected mouse brains to unveil the biological and molecular networks underpinning microcephaly. We found significant dysregulation of the sub-networks associated with brain development, immune response, cell death, microglial cell activation, and autophagy amongst others. We provided detailed analysis of the related complicated gene networks and the links between them. Additionally, we analyzed the signaling pathways that were likely to be involved. This report provides systemic insights into not only the pathogenesis, but also a path to the development of prophylactic and therapeutic strategies against ZIKV infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yafei Chang
- Department of Bioinformatics and Biostatistics, School of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China
| | - Yisheng Jiang
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Developmental Biology, CAS Center for Excellence in Brain Science and Intelligence Technology, Institute of Genetics and Developmental Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China
| | - Cui Li
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Developmental Biology, CAS Center for Excellence in Brain Science and Intelligence Technology, Institute of Genetics and Developmental Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China
| | - Qin Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Developmental Biology, CAS Center for Excellence in Brain Science and Intelligence Technology, Institute of Genetics and Developmental Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China
| | - Feng Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Developmental Biology, CAS Center for Excellence in Brain Science and Intelligence Technology, Institute of Genetics and Developmental Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China
| | - Cheng-Feng Qin
- Department of Virology, State Key Laboratory of Pathogen and Biosecurity, Beijing Institute of Microbiology and Epidemiology, Beijing 100071, China
| | - Qing-Feng Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Developmental Biology, CAS Center for Excellence in Brain Science and Intelligence Technology, Institute of Genetics and Developmental Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China
| | - Jing Li
- Department of Bioinformatics and Biostatistics, School of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China.
| | - Zhiheng Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Developmental Biology, CAS Center for Excellence in Brain Science and Intelligence Technology, Institute of Genetics and Developmental Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China; Parkinson's Disease Center, Beijing Institute for Brain Disorders, Beijing 100101, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China.
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14
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Hepp Rehfeldt SC, Majolo F, Goettert MI, Laufer S. c-Jun N-Terminal Kinase Inhibitors as Potential Leads for New Therapeutics for Alzheimer's Diseases. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:E9677. [PMID: 33352989 PMCID: PMC7765872 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21249677] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/17/2020] [Revised: 12/11/2020] [Accepted: 12/12/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Alzheimer's Disease (AD) is becoming more prevalent as the population lives longer. For individuals over 60 years of age, the prevalence of AD is estimated at 40.19% across the world. Regarding the cognitive decline caused by the disease, mitogen-activated protein kinases (MAPK) pathways such as the c-Jun N-terminal kinase (JNK) pathway are involved in the progressive loss of neurons and synapses, brain atrophy, and augmentation of the brain ventricles, being activated by synaptic dysfunction, oxidative stress, and excitotoxicity. Nowadays, AD symptoms are manageable, but the disease itself remains incurable, thus the inhibition of JNK3 has been explored as a possible therapeutic target, considering that JNK is best known for its involvement in propagating pro-apoptotic signals. This review aims to present biological aspects of JNK, focusing on JNK3 and how it relates to AD. It was also explored the recent development of inhibitors that could be used in AD treatment since several drugs/compounds in phase III clinical trials failed. General aspects of the MAPK family, therapeutic targets, and experimental treatment in models are described and discussed throughout this review.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stephanie Cristine Hepp Rehfeldt
- Graduate Program in Biotechnology, University of Vale do Taquari (Univates), Lajeado CEP 95914-014, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil; (S.C.H.R.); (F.M.)
| | - Fernanda Majolo
- Graduate Program in Biotechnology, University of Vale do Taquari (Univates), Lajeado CEP 95914-014, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil; (S.C.H.R.); (F.M.)
- Brain Institute of Rio Grande do Sul (BraIns), Pontifical Catholic University of Rio Grande do Sul (PUCRS), Porto Alegre CEP 90619-900, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil
| | - Márcia Inês Goettert
- Graduate Program in Biotechnology, University of Vale do Taquari (Univates), Lajeado CEP 95914-014, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil; (S.C.H.R.); (F.M.)
| | - Stefan Laufer
- Department of Pharmaceutical/Medicinal Chemistry, Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Faculty of Sciences, University of Tuebingen, D-72076 Tuebingen, Germany
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15
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Chen H, Zhou J, Jiao L, Song J, Zhong H, Zhao Z, Meng Z, Lu X, Chen X, Zhang W, Ying B. Assessing the role of SH3RF1 and SH3RF2 polymorphisms in susceptibility to tuberculosis: A case-control study in the Han Chinese population. Microb Pathog 2020; 152:104567. [PMID: 33129950 DOI: 10.1016/j.micpath.2020.104567] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2020] [Revised: 09/02/2020] [Accepted: 10/12/2020] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Tuberculosis (TB) remains a major public health problem. SH3RF1 and SH3RF2 are candidate genes with multiple single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) that have the potential to participate in Mycobacterium infection via activation of the JNK signaling pathway. In this case-control study, we aimed to investigate the association of five SH3RF1 and SH3RF2 SNPs with susceptibility to TB in the Western Chinese population. METHODS A total of 900 TB patients and 1534 healthy control subjects were enrolled in our study. All samples used were obtained from the Bio-Bank of resources of Tuberculosis Research in the Department of Laboratory Medicine, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, China. SNP genotyping was conducted using a commercial custom-by-design 2 × 48-Plex SNPscan Kit. RESULTS The rs758037 variant of the SH3RF2 gene was found to be associated with decreased TB risk based on allelic effects (p = 0.00001, OR = 0.731, 95% CI = 0.641-0.833) and three genetic models (padd = 0.00001, pdom = 0.0003, prec = 0.0007) after the data were controlled for age and gender and underwent Bonferroni correction. The rs4913057 variant of the SH3RF2 gene was found to be associated with increased TB risk in a dominant model (p = 0.021, OR: 1.260, 95% CI: 1.065-1.490). No significant association was observed between other SNPs and TB risk. CONCLUSION These findings indicate that polymorphisms in the SH3RF2 gene are involved in susceptibility to TB in the Western Chinese population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hao Chen
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, PR China
| | - Juan Zhou
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, PR China
| | - Lin Jiao
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, PR China
| | - Jiajia Song
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, PR China
| | - Huiyu Zhong
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, PR China
| | - Zhenzhen Zhao
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, PR China
| | - Zirui Meng
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, PR China
| | - Xiaojun Lu
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, PR China
| | - Xuerong Chen
- Division of Pulmonary Disease, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, PR China
| | - Wei Zhang
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University and Collaborative Innovation Center of Biotherapy, Chengdu, 610041, PR China
| | - Binwu Ying
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, PR China.
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16
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Goodwani S, Fernandez C, Acton PJ, Buggia-Prevot V, McReynolds ML, Ma J, Hu CH, Hamby ME, Jiang Y, Le K, Soth MJ, Jones P, Ray WJ. Dual Leucine Zipper Kinase Is Constitutively Active in the Adult Mouse Brain and Has Both Stress-Induced and Homeostatic Functions. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:ijms21144849. [PMID: 32659913 PMCID: PMC7402291 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21144849] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2020] [Revised: 07/04/2020] [Accepted: 07/07/2020] [Indexed: 01/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Dual leucine zipper kinase (DLK, Map3k12) is an axonal protein that governs the balance between degeneration and regeneration through its downstream effectors c-jun N-terminal kinase (JNK) and phosphorylated c-jun (p-c-Jun). In peripheral nerves DLK is generally inactive until induced by injury, after which it transmits signals to the nucleus via retrograde transport. Here we report that in contrast to this mode of regulation, in the uninjured adult mouse cerebellum, DLK constitutively drives nuclear p-c-Jun in cerebellar granule neurons, whereas in the forebrain, DLK is similarly expressed and active, but nuclear p-c-Jun is undetectable. When neurodegeneration results from mutant human tau in the rTg4510 mouse model, p-c-Jun then accumulates in neuronal nuclei in a DLK-dependent manner, and the extent of p-c-Jun correlates with markers of synaptic loss and gliosis. This regional difference in DLK-dependent nuclear p-c-Jun accumulation could relate to differing levels of JNK scaffolding proteins, as the cerebellum preferentially expresses JNK-interacting protein-1 (JIP-1), whereas the forebrain contains more JIP-3 and plenty of SH3 (POSH). To characterize the functional differences between constitutive- versus injury-induced DLK signaling, RNA sequencing was performed after DLK inhibition in the cerebellum and in the non-transgenic and rTg4510 forebrain. In all contexts, DLK inhibition reduced a core set of transcripts that are associated with the JNK pathway. Non-transgenic forebrain showed almost no other transcriptional changes in response to DLK inhibition, whereas the rTg4510 forebrain and the cerebellum exhibited distinct differentially expressed gene signatures. In the cerebellum, but not the rTg4510 forebrain, pathway analysis indicated that DLK regulates insulin growth factor-1 (IGF1) signaling through the transcriptional induction of IGF1 binding protein-5 (IGFBP5), which was confirmed and found to be functionally relevant by measuring signaling through the IGF1 receptor. Together these data illuminate the complex multi-functional nature of DLK signaling in the central nervous system (CNS) and demonstrate its role in homeostasis as well as tau-mediated neurodegeneration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sunil Goodwani
- The Neurodegeneration Consortium, Therapeutics Discovery Division, University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77054, USA; (S.G.); (C.F.); (P.J.A.); (V.B.-P.); (M.L.M.); (J.M.); (C.H.H.); (M.E.H.)
| | - Celia Fernandez
- The Neurodegeneration Consortium, Therapeutics Discovery Division, University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77054, USA; (S.G.); (C.F.); (P.J.A.); (V.B.-P.); (M.L.M.); (J.M.); (C.H.H.); (M.E.H.)
| | - Paul J. Acton
- The Neurodegeneration Consortium, Therapeutics Discovery Division, University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77054, USA; (S.G.); (C.F.); (P.J.A.); (V.B.-P.); (M.L.M.); (J.M.); (C.H.H.); (M.E.H.)
| | - Virginie Buggia-Prevot
- The Neurodegeneration Consortium, Therapeutics Discovery Division, University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77054, USA; (S.G.); (C.F.); (P.J.A.); (V.B.-P.); (M.L.M.); (J.M.); (C.H.H.); (M.E.H.)
| | - Morgan L. McReynolds
- The Neurodegeneration Consortium, Therapeutics Discovery Division, University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77054, USA; (S.G.); (C.F.); (P.J.A.); (V.B.-P.); (M.L.M.); (J.M.); (C.H.H.); (M.E.H.)
| | - Jiacheng Ma
- The Neurodegeneration Consortium, Therapeutics Discovery Division, University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77054, USA; (S.G.); (C.F.); (P.J.A.); (V.B.-P.); (M.L.M.); (J.M.); (C.H.H.); (M.E.H.)
| | - Cheng Hui Hu
- The Neurodegeneration Consortium, Therapeutics Discovery Division, University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77054, USA; (S.G.); (C.F.); (P.J.A.); (V.B.-P.); (M.L.M.); (J.M.); (C.H.H.); (M.E.H.)
| | - Mary E. Hamby
- The Neurodegeneration Consortium, Therapeutics Discovery Division, University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77054, USA; (S.G.); (C.F.); (P.J.A.); (V.B.-P.); (M.L.M.); (J.M.); (C.H.H.); (M.E.H.)
| | - Yongying Jiang
- Institute for Applied Cancer Science, Therapeutics Discovery Division, University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77054, USA; (Y.J.); (K.L.); (M.J.S.); (P.J.)
| | - Kang Le
- Institute for Applied Cancer Science, Therapeutics Discovery Division, University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77054, USA; (Y.J.); (K.L.); (M.J.S.); (P.J.)
| | - Michael J. Soth
- Institute for Applied Cancer Science, Therapeutics Discovery Division, University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77054, USA; (Y.J.); (K.L.); (M.J.S.); (P.J.)
| | - Philip Jones
- Institute for Applied Cancer Science, Therapeutics Discovery Division, University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77054, USA; (Y.J.); (K.L.); (M.J.S.); (P.J.)
| | - William J. Ray
- The Neurodegeneration Consortium, Therapeutics Discovery Division, University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77054, USA; (S.G.); (C.F.); (P.J.A.); (V.B.-P.); (M.L.M.); (J.M.); (C.H.H.); (M.E.H.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +1-713-794-4558
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SH3RF3 promotes breast cancer stem-like properties via JNK activation and PTX3 upregulation. Nat Commun 2020; 11:2487. [PMID: 32427938 PMCID: PMC7237486 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-020-16051-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/03/2019] [Accepted: 04/08/2020] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Cancer stem-like cells (CSCs) are the tumorigenic cell subpopulation and contribute to cancer recurrence and metastasis. However, the understanding of CSC regulatory mechanisms remains incomplete. By transcriptomic analysis, we identify a scaffold protein SH3RF3 (also named POSH2) that is upregulated in CSCs of breast cancer clinical tumors and cancer cell lines, and enhances the CSC properties of breast cancer cells. Mechanically, SH3RF3 interacts with the c-Jun N-terminal kinase (JNK) in a JNK-interacting protein (JIP)-dependent manner, leading to enhanced phosphorylation of JNK and activation of the JNK-JUN pathway. Further the JNK-JUN signaling expands CSC subpopulation by transcriptionally activating the expression of Pentraxin 3 (PTX3). The functional role of SH3RF3 in CSCs is validated with patient-derived organoid culture, and supported by clinical cohort analyses. In conclusion, our work elucidates the role and molecular mechanism of SH3RF3 in CSCs of breast cancer, and might provide opportunities for CSC-targeting therapy.
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18
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Kotelevets L, Chastre E. Rac1 Signaling: From Intestinal Homeostasis to Colorectal Cancer Metastasis. Cancers (Basel) 2020; 12:cancers12030665. [PMID: 32178475 PMCID: PMC7140047 DOI: 10.3390/cancers12030665] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/17/2020] [Revised: 03/06/2020] [Accepted: 03/08/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
The small GTPase Rac1 has been implicated in a variety of dynamic cell biological processes, including cell proliferation, cell survival, cell-cell contacts, epithelial mesenchymal transition (EMT), cell motility, and invasiveness. These processes are orchestrated through the fine tuning of Rac1 activity by upstream cell surface receptors and effectors that regulate the cycling Rac1-GDP (off state)/Rac1-GTP (on state), but also through the tuning of Rac1 accumulation, activity, and subcellular localization by post translational modifications or recruitment into molecular scaffolds. Another level of regulation involves Rac1 transcripts stability and splicing. Downstream, Rac1 initiates a series of signaling networks, including regulatory complex of actin cytoskeleton remodeling, activation of protein kinases (PAKs, MAPKs) and transcription factors (NFkB, Wnt/β-catenin/TCF, STAT3, Snail), production of reactive oxygen species (NADPH oxidase holoenzymes, mitochondrial ROS). Thus, this GTPase, its regulators, and effector systems might be involved at different steps of the neoplastic progression from dysplasia to the metastatic cascade. After briefly placing Rac1 and its effector systems in the more general context of intestinal homeostasis and in wound healing after intestinal injury, the present review mainly focuses on the several levels of Rac1 signaling pathway dysregulation in colorectal carcinogenesis, their biological significance, and their clinical impact.
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Affiliation(s)
- Larissa Kotelevets
- Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale, UMR S 938, Centre de Recherche Saint-Antoine, 75012 Paris, France
- Sorbonne Université, Hôpital Saint-Antoine, Site Bâtiment Kourilsky, 75012 Paris, France
- Correspondence: (L.K.); (E.C.)
| | - Eric Chastre
- Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale, UMR S 938, Centre de Recherche Saint-Antoine, 75012 Paris, France
- Sorbonne Université, Hôpital Saint-Antoine, Site Bâtiment Kourilsky, 75012 Paris, France
- Correspondence: (L.K.); (E.C.)
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19
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Ma X, Lu JY, Moraru A, Teleman AA, Fang J, Qiu Y, Liu P, Xu T. A novel regulator of ER Ca 2+ drives Hippo-mediated tumorigenesis. Oncogene 2019; 39:1378-1387. [PMID: 31649333 DOI: 10.1038/s41388-019-1076-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2019] [Revised: 10/09/2019] [Accepted: 10/14/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Calcium ion (Ca2+) is a versatile second messenger that regulates various cellular and physiological functions. However, the in vivo molecular mechanisms by which Ca2+ alterations contribute to tumor growth remain poorly explored. Here we show that Emei is a novel ER Ca2+ regulator that synergizes with RasV12 to induce tumor growth via JNK-mediated Hippo signaling. Emei disruption reduces ER Ca2+ level and subsequently leads to JNK activation and Hippo inactivation. Importantly, genetically increasing cytosolic Ca2+ concentration cooperates with RasV12 to drive tumor growth via inactivating the Hippo pathway. Finally, we identify POSH as a crucial link that bridges cytosolic Ca2+ alteration with JNK activation and Hippo-mediated tumor growth. Together, our findings provide a novel mechanism of tumor growth that acts through intracellular Ca2+ levels to modulate JNK-mediated Hippo signaling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xianjue Ma
- School of Life Sciences, Westlake University, Hangzhou, China. .,Department of Genetics, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA.
| | - Jin-Yu Lu
- Department of Genetics, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA.,Baylor College of Medicine, Hematology & Oncology, Houston, TX, USA
| | | | - Aurelio A Teleman
- German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany.,Heidelberg University, 69120, Heidelberg, Germany.,CellNetworks - Cluster of Excellence, Heidelberg University, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Jinan Fang
- School of Life Sciences, Westlake University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Yue Qiu
- School of Life Sciences, Westlake University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Peng Liu
- School of Life Sciences, Westlake University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Tian Xu
- School of Life Sciences, Westlake University, Hangzhou, China. .,Department of Genetics, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA.
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Xu D, Yao M, Wang Y, Yuan L, Hoeck JD, Yu J, Liu L, Yeap YYC, Zhang W, Zhang F, Feng Y, Ma T, Wang Y, Ng DCH, Niu X, Su B, Behrens A, Xu Z. MEKK3 coordinates with FBW7 to regulate WDR62 stability and neurogenesis. PLoS Biol 2018; 16:e2006613. [PMID: 30566428 PMCID: PMC6347294 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pbio.2006613] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2018] [Revised: 01/25/2019] [Accepted: 11/27/2018] [Indexed: 01/22/2023] Open
Abstract
Mutations of WD repeat domain 62 (WDR62) lead to autosomal recessive primary microcephaly (MCPH), and down-regulation of WDR62 expression causes the loss of neural progenitor cells (NPCs). However, how WDR62 is regulated and hence controls neurogenesis and brain size remains elusive. Here, we demonstrate that mitogen-activated protein kinase kinase kinase 3 (MEKK3) forms a complex with WDR62 to promote c-Jun N-terminal kinase (JNK) signaling synergistically in the control of neurogenesis. The deletion of Mekk3, Wdr62, or Jnk1 resulted in phenocopied defects, including premature NPC differentiation. We further showed that WDR62 protein is positively regulated by MEKK3 and JNK1 in the developing brain and that the defects of wdr62 deficiency can be rescued by the transgenic expression of JNK1. Meanwhile, WDR62 is also negatively regulated by T1053 phosphorylation, leading to the recruitment of F-box and WD repeat domain-containing protein 7 (FBW7) and proteasomal degradation. Our findings demonstrate that the coordinated reciprocal and bidirectional regulation among MEKK3, FBW7, WDR62, and JNK1, is required for fine-tuned JNK signaling for the control of balanced NPC self-renewal and differentiation during cortical development. Microcephaly is a neural developmental disorder characterized by significantly reduced brain size and variable intellectual disability. WD repeat domain 62 (WDR62) was identified as the second most common gene for autosomal recessive primary microcephaly (MCPH) in human. Here, we studied the underlying regulatory mechanism of WDR62 and the impact on generation of new neurons. We show that mitogen-activated protein kinase kinase kinase 3 (Mekk3), Wdr62, and c-Jun N-terminal kinase 1 (Jnk1) knockout (KO) mice have defects in the generation and maturation of neurons. We demonstrate that WDR62 stability is positively regulated by a mitogen-activated protein kinase kinase kinase (MAPKKK), MEKK3, but negatively regulated by the E3 ligase, F-box and WD repeat domain-containing protein 7 (FBW7). These positive and negative factors calibrate the strength of the activity of the JNK signaling pathway, which controls self-renewal and differentiation of neural progenitor cells (NPCs) during brain development. This finding improves our understanding of the molecular pathogenesis of MCPH.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dan Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Developmental Biology, CAS Center for Excellence in Brain Science and Intelligence Technology, Institute of Genetics and Developmental Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
- College of Biological Science and Engineering, Institute of Life Sciences, Fuzhou University, Fuzhou, China
| | - Minghui Yao
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Developmental Biology, CAS Center for Excellence in Brain Science and Intelligence Technology, Institute of Genetics and Developmental Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Yaqing Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Developmental Biology, CAS Center for Excellence in Brain Science and Intelligence Technology, Institute of Genetics and Developmental Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Ling Yuan
- Center for Medical Genetics, School of Life Sciences, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | | | - Jingwen Yu
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Developmental Biology, CAS Center for Excellence in Brain Science and Intelligence Technology, Institute of Genetics and Developmental Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Liang Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Developmental Biology, CAS Center for Excellence in Brain Science and Intelligence Technology, Institute of Genetics and Developmental Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Yvonne Y. C. Yeap
- School of Biomedical Science, Faculty of Medicine, University of Queensland, St Lucia, Australia
| | - Weiya Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Developmental Biology, CAS Center for Excellence in Brain Science and Intelligence Technology, Institute of Genetics and Developmental Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Feng Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Developmental Biology, CAS Center for Excellence in Brain Science and Intelligence Technology, Institute of Genetics and Developmental Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Yinghang Feng
- Sino-Danish College, University of Chinese Academy of Science, Beijing, China
| | - Tiantian Ma
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Developmental Biology, CAS Center for Excellence in Brain Science and Intelligence Technology, Institute of Genetics and Developmental Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Yujie Wang
- College of Biological Science and Engineering, Institute of Life Sciences, Fuzhou University, Fuzhou, China
| | - Dominic C. H. Ng
- School of Biomedical Science, Faculty of Medicine, University of Queensland, St Lucia, Australia
| | - Xiaoyin Niu
- Shanghai Institute of Immunology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Bing Su
- Shanghai Institute of Immunology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
- Department of Immunobiology, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut, United States of America
| | - Axel Behrens
- Adult Stem Cell Laboratory, The Francis Crick Institute, London, United Kingdom
- King’s College London, Faculty of Life Sciences and Medicine, Guy’s Campus, London, United Kingdom
- * E-mail: (ZX); (AB)
| | - Zhiheng Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Developmental Biology, CAS Center for Excellence in Brain Science and Intelligence Technology, Institute of Genetics and Developmental Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
- Sino-Danish College, University of Chinese Academy of Science, Beijing, China
- Parkinson’s Disease Center, Beijing Institute for Brain Disorders, Beijing, China
- * E-mail: (ZX); (AB)
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22
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Oncogenic activation of PI3K induces progenitor cell differentiation to suppress epidermal growth. Nat Cell Biol 2018; 20:1256-1266. [PMID: 30361695 PMCID: PMC6291208 DOI: 10.1038/s41556-018-0218-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/11/2017] [Accepted: 09/18/2018] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
Oncogenic lesions are surprisingly common in morphologically and functionally normal human skin, however, the cellular and molecular mechanisms that suppress their cancer-driving potential to maintain tissue homeostasis are unknown. By employing assays for direct and quantitative assessment of cell fate choices in vivo, we show that oncogenic activation of PI3K/AKT, the most commonly activated oncogenic pathway in cancer, promotes differentiation and cell-cycle exit of epidermal progenitors. As a result, oncogenic PI3K/AKT activated epidermis exhibits growth disadvantage even though its cells are more proliferative. To uncover the underlying mechanism behind oncogene-induced differentiation, we conduct a series of genetic screens in vivo, and identify an AKT substrate SH3RF1 as a specific promoter of epidermal differentiation that has no effect on proliferation. Our study provides evidence for a direct, cell autonomous mechanism that can suppresses progenitor cell renewal and block clonal expansion of epidermal cells bearing a common and activating mutation in Pik3ca.
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23
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Redundant and Nonredundant Functions of Akt Isoforms in the Retina. ADVANCES IN EXPERIMENTAL MEDICINE AND BIOLOGY 2018. [PMID: 29721991 DOI: 10.1007/978-3-319-75402-4_71] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2023]
Abstract
Serine/threonine kinase Akt is a downstream effector of the phosphoinositide 3-kinase pathway that is involved in many processes, including providing neuroprotection to stressed photoreceptor cells. Akt exists in three isoforms designated as Akt1, Akt2, and Akt3. All of these isoforms are expressed in the retina. We previously reported that Akt2 knockout mice were susceptible to light stress-induced photoreceptor degeneration, whereas Akt1 deletion had no effect on the retina. We hypothesized that the phenotype of Akt2 knockout mice may be due to the inactivation of specific substrate(s) in the retina. Yeast two-hybrid screening of a bovine retinal cDNA library with Akt2 identified a multidomain protein, POSH (plenty of SH3s), that acts as a scaffold for the JNK pathway of neuronal death. Our results suggest a stable interaction between Akt2 and POSH. Previous studies show that overexpression of POSH leads to cell death. The cell death that we observed in Akt2 knockout mice could be due to the absence of inactivation of POSH-mediated JNK signaling in the retina.
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24
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West RJH, Ugbode C, Gao FB, Sweeney ST. The pro-apoptotic JNK scaffold POSH/SH3RF1 mediates CHMP2BIntron5-associated toxicity in animal models of frontotemporal dementia. Hum Mol Genet 2018; 27:1382-1395. [PMID: 29432529 PMCID: PMC6454437 DOI: 10.1093/hmg/ddy048] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2017] [Revised: 02/02/2018] [Accepted: 02/05/2018] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Frontotemporal dementia (FTD) is one of the most prevalent forms of early-onset dementia. However, the pathological mechanisms driving neuronal atrophy in FTD remain poorly understood. Here we identify a conserved role for the novel pro-apoptotic protein plenty of SH3s (POSH)/SH3 domain containing ring finger 1 in mediating neuropathology in Drosophila and mammalian models of charged multivesicular body protein 2B (CHMP2BIntron5) associated FTD. Aberrant, AKT dependent, accumulation of POSH was observed throughout the nervous system of both Drosophila and mice expressing CHMP2BIntron5. Knockdown of POSH was shown to be neuroprotective and sufficient to alleviate aberrant neuronal morphology, behavioral deficits and premature-lethality in Drosophila models, as well as dendritic collapse and cell death in CHMP2BIntron5expressing rat primary neurons. POSH knockdown also ameliorated elevated markers of Jun N-terminal kinase and apoptotic cascades in both Drosophila and mammalian models. This study provides the first characterization of POSH as a potential component of an FTD neuropathology, identifying a novel apoptotic pathway with relevance to the FTD spectrum.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ryan J H West
- Department of Biology, University of York, York YO10 5DD, UK
| | - Chris Ugbode
- Department of Biology, University of York, York YO10 5DD, UK
| | - Fen-Biao Gao
- Department of Neurology, University of Massachusetts Medical School, Worcester, MA 01605, USA
| | - Sean T Sweeney
- Department of Biology, University of York, York YO10 5DD, UK
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25
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Schroyer AL, Stimes NW, Abi Saab WF, Chadee DN. MLK3 phosphorylation by ERK1/2 is required for oxidative stress-induced invasion of colorectal cancer cells. Oncogene 2018; 37:1031-1040. [PMID: 29084209 PMCID: PMC5823719 DOI: 10.1038/onc.2017.396] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/17/2017] [Revised: 08/23/2017] [Accepted: 08/31/2017] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Mixed lineage kinase 3 (MLK3) functions in migration and/or invasion of several human cancers; however, the role of MLK3 in colorectal cancer (CRC) invasion is unknown. MLK3 is a mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) kinase kinase (MAP3K) which activates MAPK pathways through either kinase-dependent or -independent mechanisms. Human colorectal tumors display increased levels of reactive oxygen species (ROS) or oxidative stress. ROS, such as H2O2, are important for carcinogenesis and activate MAPK signaling pathways. In human colorectal carcinoma (HCT116) cells treated with H2O2, extracellular signal-regulated kinases 1 and 2 (ERK1/2) were activated and MLK3 exhibited reduced electrophoretic mobility (shift) in sodium dodecyl sulfate polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (SDS-PAGE), which was eliminated by phosphatase treatment. Pretreatment with the ROS scavenger N-acetyl-L-cysteine, the ERK1/2 inhibitor UO126, or ERK1/2 siRNA knockdown blocked the H2O2-induced shift of MLK3, while MLK3 inhibition with Cep1347 did not. In co-immunoprecipitation experiments performed on H2O2-treated HCT116 cells, endogenous MLK3 associated with endogenous ERK1/2 and B-Raf. Active ERK1 phosphorylated kinase dead FLAG-MLK3 in vitro, whereas ERK1 phosphorylation of kinase dead FLAG-MLK3-S705A-S758A was reduced. Both MLK3 siRNA knockdown and FLAG-MLK3-S705A-S758A expression decreased ERK1/2 activation in H2O2-treated cells. Prolonged H2O2 treatment activated ERK1/2 and promoted invasion of colon cancer cells, which was attenuated by MLK3 siRNA knockdown. Furthermore, S705A-S758A-FLAG-MLK3 demonstrated decreased oxidative-stress induced colon cancer cell invasion, but increased interaction with GST-B-Raf as compared with wild-type-FLAG-MLK3 in H2O2-treated cells. These results suggest oxidative stress stimulates an ERK1/2-dependent phosphorylation of MLK3 on Ser705 and Ser758, which promotes MLK3-dependent B-Raf and ERK1/2 activation; this positive feedback loop enhances the invasion of colon cancer cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- April L. Schroyer
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Toledo, 2801 West Bancroft Street, Toledo, Ohio 43606, USA
| | - Nicholas W. Stimes
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Toledo, 2801 West Bancroft Street, Toledo, Ohio 43606, USA
| | - Widian F. Abi Saab
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Toledo, 2801 West Bancroft Street, Toledo, Ohio 43606, USA
| | - Deborah N. Chadee
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Toledo, 2801 West Bancroft Street, Toledo, Ohio 43606, USA
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26
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POSH regulates Hippo signaling through ubiquitin-mediated expanded degradation. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2018; 115:2150-2155. [PMID: 29440430 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.1715165115] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
The Hippo signaling pathway is a master regulator of organ growth, tissue homeostasis, and tumorigenesis. The activity of the Hippo pathway is controlled by various upstream components, including Expanded (Ex), but the precise molecular mechanism of how Ex is regulated remains poorly understood. Here we identify Plenty of SH3s (POSH), an E3 ubiquitin ligase, as a key component of Hippo signaling in DrosophilaPOSH overexpression synergizes with loss of Kibra to induce overgrowth and up-regulation of Hippo pathway target genes. Furthermore, knockdown of POSH impedes dextran sulfate sodium-induced Yorkie-dependent intestinal stem cell renewal, suggesting a physiological role of POSH in modulating Hippo signaling. Mechanistically, POSH binds to the C-terminal of Ex and is essential for the Crumbs-induced ubiquitination and degradation of Ex. Our findings establish POSH as a crucial regulator that integrates the signal from the cell surface to negatively regulate Ex-mediated Hippo activation in Drosophila.
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27
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Fan J, Wang Y, Liu L, Zhang H, Zhang F, Shi L, Yu M, Gao F, Xu Z. cTAGE5 deletion in pancreatic β cells impairs proinsulin trafficking and insulin biogenesis in mice. J Cell Biol 2017; 216:4153-4164. [PMID: 29133483 PMCID: PMC5716288 DOI: 10.1083/jcb.201705027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/06/2017] [Revised: 07/31/2017] [Accepted: 09/08/2017] [Indexed: 01/02/2023] Open
Abstract
In this study, Fan et al. show that cTAGE5 interacts with the v-SNARE Sec22b to regulate proinsulin processing and COPII-dependent trafficking from the ER to the Golgi, thereby influencing glucose tolerance. Proinsulin is synthesized in the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) in pancreatic β cells and transported to the Golgi apparatus for proper processing and secretion into plasma. Defects in insulin biogenesis may cause diabetes. However, the underlying mechanisms for proinsulin transport are still not fully understood. We show that β cell–specific deletion of cTAGE5, also known as Mea6, leads to increased ER stress, reduced insulin biogenesis in the pancreas, and severe glucose intolerance in mice. We reveal that cTAGE5/MEA6 interacts with vesicle membrane soluble N-ethyl-maleimide sensitive factor attachment protein receptor Sec22b. Sec22b and its interaction with cTAGE5/MEA6 are essential for proinsulin processing. cTAGE5/MEA6 may coordinate with Sec22b to control the release of COPII vesicles from the ER, and thereby the ER-to-Golgi trafficking of proinsulin. Importantly, transgenic expression of human cTAGE5/MEA6 in β cells can rescue not only the defect in islet structure, but also dysfunctional insulin biogenesis and glucose intolerance on cTAGE5/Mea6 conditional knockout background. Together our data provide more insight into the underlying mechanism of the proinsulin trafficking pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Junwan Fan
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Developmental Biology, CAS Center for Excellence in Brain Science and Intelligence Technology, Institute of Genetics and Developmental Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China.,University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Yaqing Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Developmental Biology, CAS Center for Excellence in Brain Science and Intelligence Technology, Institute of Genetics and Developmental Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Liang Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Developmental Biology, CAS Center for Excellence in Brain Science and Intelligence Technology, Institute of Genetics and Developmental Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China.,University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Hongsheng Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Developmental Biology, CAS Center for Excellence in Brain Science and Intelligence Technology, Institute of Genetics and Developmental Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China.,University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Feng Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Developmental Biology, CAS Center for Excellence in Brain Science and Intelligence Technology, Institute of Genetics and Developmental Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China.,University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Lei Shi
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Developmental Biology, CAS Center for Excellence in Brain Science and Intelligence Technology, Institute of Genetics and Developmental Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Mei Yu
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Developmental Biology, CAS Center for Excellence in Brain Science and Intelligence Technology, Institute of Genetics and Developmental Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China.,University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Fei Gao
- State Key Laboratory of Reproductive Biology, Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Zhiheng Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Developmental Biology, CAS Center for Excellence in Brain Science and Intelligence Technology, Institute of Genetics and Developmental Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China .,Parkinson's Disease Center, Beijing Institute for Brain Disorders, Beijing, China
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28
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Wang X, Tian X, Yang Y, Lu X, Li Y, Ma Y, Zhang Y, Zheng F, Lu S, Xu D, Xu X, Wang W, Wang X. POSH participates in epileptogenesis by increasing the surface expression of the NMDA receptor: a promising therapeutic target for epilepsy. Expert Opin Ther Targets 2017; 21:1083-1094. [PMID: 29057721 DOI: 10.1080/14728222.2017.1394456] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Xinshi Wang
- Department of Neurology, Chongqing Key Laboratory of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
- Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou City, Zhejiang Province, China
| | - Xin Tian
- Department of Neurology, Chongqing Key Laboratory of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Yong Yang
- Department of Neurology, Chongqing Key Laboratory of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Xi Lu
- Department of Neurology, Chongqing Key Laboratory of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Yun Li
- Department of Neurology, Chongqing Key Laboratory of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Yuanlin Ma
- Department of Neurology, Chongqing Key Laboratory of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Yanke Zhang
- Department of Neurology, Chongqing Key Laboratory of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Fangshuo Zheng
- Department of Neurology, Chongqing Key Laboratory of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Shanshan Lu
- Department of Neurology, Chongqing Key Laboratory of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Demei Xu
- Department of Neurology, Chongqing Key Laboratory of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Xin Xu
- Department of Neurology, Chongqing Key Laboratory of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Wei Wang
- Department of Neurology, Chongqing Key Laboratory of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Xuefeng Wang
- Department of Neurology, Chongqing Key Laboratory of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
- Center of Epilepsy, Beijing Institute for Brain Disorders, Beijing, China
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29
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Fukuda T, Yanagi S. Psychiatric behaviors associated with cytoskeletal defects in radial neuronal migration. Cell Mol Life Sci 2017; 74:3533-3552. [PMID: 28516224 PMCID: PMC11107632 DOI: 10.1007/s00018-017-2539-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2017] [Revised: 04/21/2017] [Accepted: 05/11/2017] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Normal development of the cerebral cortex is an important process for higher brain functions, such as language, and cognitive and social functions. Psychiatric disorders, such as schizophrenia and autism, are thought to develop owing to various dysfunctions occurring during the development of the cerebral cortex. Radial neuronal migration in the embryonic cerebral cortex is a complex process, which is achieved by strict control of cytoskeletal dynamics, and impairments in this process are suggested to cause various psychiatric disorders. Our recent findings indicate that radial neuronal migration as well as psychiatric behaviors is rescued by controlling microtubule stability during the embryonic stage. In this review, we outline the relationship between psychiatric disorders, such as schizophrenia and autism, and radial neuronal migration in the cerebral cortex by focusing on the cytoskeleton and centrosomes. New treatment strategies for psychiatric disorders will be discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Toshifumi Fukuda
- Laboratory of Molecular Biochemistry, School of Life Sciences, Tokyo University of Pharmacy and Life Sciences, Hachioji, Tokyo, 192-0392, Japan.
| | - Shigeru Yanagi
- Laboratory of Molecular Biochemistry, School of Life Sciences, Tokyo University of Pharmacy and Life Sciences, Hachioji, Tokyo, 192-0392, Japan.
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30
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de Bock CE, Hughes MR, Snyder K, Alley S, Sadeqzadeh E, Dun MD, McNagny KM, Molloy TJ, Hondermarck H, Thorne RF. Protein interaction screening identifies SH3RF1 as a new regulator of FAT1 protein levels. FEBS Lett 2017; 591:667-678. [PMID: 28129444 DOI: 10.1002/1873-3468.12569] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/04/2016] [Revised: 01/11/2017] [Accepted: 01/23/2017] [Indexed: 01/14/2023]
Abstract
Mutations and ectopic FAT1 cadherin expression are implicated in a broad spectrum of diseases ranging from developmental disorders to cancer. The regulation of FAT1 and its downstream signalling pathways remain incompletely understood. We hypothesized that identification of additional proteins interacting with the FAT1 cytoplasmic tail would further delineate its regulation and function. A yeast two-hybrid library screen carried out against the juxtamembrane region of the cytoplasmic tail of FAT1 identified the E3 ubiquitin-protein ligase SH3RF1 as the most frequently recovered protein-binding partner. Ablating SH3RF1 using siRNA increased cellular FAT1 protein levels and stabilized expression at the cell surface, while overexpression of SH3RF1 reduced FAT1 levels. We conclude that SH3RF1 acts as a negative post-translational regulator of FAT1 levels.
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Affiliation(s)
- Charles E de Bock
- VIB Center for the Biology of Disease, Leuven, Belgium.,Hunter Cancer Research Alliance, University of Newcastle, Callaghan, Australia
| | - Michael R Hughes
- The Biomedical Research Centre, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada
| | - Kimberly Snyder
- The Biomedical Research Centre, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada
| | - Steven Alley
- Hunter Cancer Research Alliance, University of Newcastle, Callaghan, Australia.,School of Environmental and Life Sciences, University of Newcastle, Callaghan, Australia
| | - Elham Sadeqzadeh
- Hunter Cancer Research Alliance, University of Newcastle, Callaghan, Australia.,School of Biomedical Sciences and Pharmacy, University of Newcastle, Callaghan, Australia
| | - Matt D Dun
- Hunter Cancer Research Alliance, University of Newcastle, Callaghan, Australia.,School of Biomedical Sciences and Pharmacy, University of Newcastle, Callaghan, Australia
| | - Kelly M McNagny
- The Biomedical Research Centre, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada
| | - Timothy J Molloy
- The Kinghorn Cancer Centre and Cancer Research Program, Garvan Institute of Medical Research, Darlinghurst, Australia
| | - Hubert Hondermarck
- Hunter Cancer Research Alliance, University of Newcastle, Callaghan, Australia.,School of Biomedical Sciences and Pharmacy, University of Newcastle, Callaghan, Australia
| | - Rick F Thorne
- Hunter Cancer Research Alliance, University of Newcastle, Callaghan, Australia.,School of Environmental and Life Sciences, University of Newcastle, Callaghan, Australia
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31
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Protein Kinases and Parkinson's Disease. Int J Mol Sci 2016; 17:ijms17091585. [PMID: 27657053 PMCID: PMC5037850 DOI: 10.3390/ijms17091585] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2016] [Revised: 08/09/2016] [Accepted: 09/01/2016] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Currently, the lack of new drug candidates for the treatment of major neurological disorders such as Parkinson’s disease has intensified the search for drugs that can be repurposed or repositioned for such treatment. Typically, the search focuses on drugs that have been approved and are used clinically for other indications. Kinase inhibitors represent a family of popular molecules for the treatment and prevention of various cancers, and have emerged as strong candidates for such repurposing because numerous serine/threonine and tyrosine kinases have been implicated in the pathobiology of Parkinson’s disease. This review focuses on various kinase-dependent pathways associated with the expression of Parkinson’s disease pathology, and evaluates how inhibitors of these pathways might play a major role as effective therapeutic molecules.
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32
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JNK Signaling: Regulation and Functions Based on Complex Protein-Protein Partnerships. Microbiol Mol Biol Rev 2016; 80:793-835. [PMID: 27466283 DOI: 10.1128/mmbr.00043-14] [Citation(s) in RCA: 321] [Impact Index Per Article: 40.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
The c-Jun N-terminal kinases (JNKs), as members of the mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) family, mediate eukaryotic cell responses to a wide range of abiotic and biotic stress insults. JNKs also regulate important physiological processes, including neuronal functions, immunological actions, and embryonic development, via their impact on gene expression, cytoskeletal protein dynamics, and cell death/survival pathways. Although the JNK pathway has been under study for >20 years, its complexity is still perplexing, with multiple protein partners of JNKs underlying the diversity of actions. Here we review the current knowledge of JNK structure and isoforms as well as the partnerships of JNKs with a range of intracellular proteins. Many of these proteins are direct substrates of the JNKs. We analyzed almost 100 of these target proteins in detail within a framework of their classification based on their regulation by JNKs. Examples of these JNK substrates include a diverse assortment of nuclear transcription factors (Jun, ATF2, Myc, Elk1), cytoplasmic proteins involved in cytoskeleton regulation (DCX, Tau, WDR62) or vesicular transport (JIP1, JIP3), cell membrane receptors (BMPR2), and mitochondrial proteins (Mcl1, Bim). In addition, because upstream signaling components impact JNK activity, we critically assessed the involvement of signaling scaffolds and the roles of feedback mechanisms in the JNK pathway. Despite a clarification of many regulatory events in JNK-dependent signaling during the past decade, many other structural and mechanistic insights are just beginning to be revealed. These advances open new opportunities to understand the role of JNK signaling in diverse physiological and pathophysiological states.
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33
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Wang Y, Liu L, Zhang H, Fan J, Zhang F, Yu M, Shi L, Yang L, Lam SM, Wang H, Chen X, Wang Y, Gao F, Shui G, Xu Z. Mea6 controls VLDL transport through the coordinated regulation of COPII assembly. Cell Res 2016; 26:787-804. [PMID: 27311593 DOI: 10.1038/cr.2016.75] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2016] [Revised: 05/02/2016] [Accepted: 05/09/2016] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Lipid accumulation, which may be caused by the disturbance in very low density lipoprotein (VLDL) secretion in the liver, can lead to fatty liver disease. VLDL is synthesized in endoplasmic reticulum (ER) and transported to Golgi apparatus for secretion into plasma. However, the underlying molecular mechanism for VLDL transport is still poorly understood. Here we show that hepatocyte-specific deletion of meningioma-expressed antigen 6 (Mea6)/cutaneous T cell lymphoma-associated antigen 5C (cTAGE5C) leads to severe fatty liver and hypolipemia in mice. Quantitative lipidomic and proteomic analyses indicate that Mea6/cTAGE5 deletion impairs the secretion of different types of lipids and proteins, including VLDL, from the liver. Moreover, we demonstrate that Mea6/cTAGE5 interacts with components of the ER coat protein complex II (COPII) which, when depleted, also cause lipid accumulation in hepatocytes. Our findings not only reveal several novel factors that regulate lipid transport, but also provide evidence that Mea6 plays a critical role in lipid transportation through the coordinated regulation of the COPII machinery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yaqing Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Developmental Biology, Institute of Genetics and Developmental Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China
| | - Liang Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Developmental Biology, Institute of Genetics and Developmental Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China.,University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China
| | - Hongsheng Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Developmental Biology, Institute of Genetics and Developmental Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China.,University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China
| | - Junwan Fan
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Developmental Biology, Institute of Genetics and Developmental Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China.,University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China
| | - Feng Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Developmental Biology, Institute of Genetics and Developmental Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China.,University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China
| | - Mei Yu
- School of Life Science, Shandong University, Jinan 250100, China
| | - Lei Shi
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Developmental Biology, Institute of Genetics and Developmental Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China
| | - Lin Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Developmental Biology, Institute of Genetics and Developmental Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China
| | - Sin Man Lam
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Developmental Biology, Institute of Genetics and Developmental Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China
| | - Huimin Wang
- Institute of Molecular Medicine, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
| | - Xiaowei Chen
- Institute of Molecular Medicine, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
| | - Yingchun Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Developmental Biology, Institute of Genetics and Developmental Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China
| | - Fei Gao
- State Key Laboratory of Reproductive Biology, Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China
| | - Guanghou Shui
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Developmental Biology, Institute of Genetics and Developmental Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China
| | - Zhiheng Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Developmental Biology, Institute of Genetics and Developmental Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China.,Translational Medical Center for Stem Cell Therapy, Shanghai East Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200120, China
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34
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Cunningham CA, Cardwell LN, Guan Y, Teixeiro E, Daniels MA. POSH Regulates CD4+ T Cell Differentiation and Survival. JOURNAL OF IMMUNOLOGY (BALTIMORE, MD. : 1950) 2016; 196:4003-13. [PMID: 27084103 PMCID: PMC4868786 DOI: 10.4049/jimmunol.1501728] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2015] [Accepted: 03/14/2016] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
The scaffold molecule POSH is crucial for the regulation of proliferation and effector function in CD8(+) T cells. However, its role in CD4(+) T cells is not known. In this study, we found that disruption of the POSH scaffold complex established a transcriptional profile that strongly skewed differentiation toward Th2, led to decreased survival, and had no effect on cell cycle entry. This is in stark contrast to CD8(+) T cells in which POSH regulates cell cycle and does not affect survival. Disruption of POSH in CD4(+) T cells resulted in the loss of Tak1-dependent activation of JNK1/2 and Tak1-mediated survival. However, in CD8(+) T cells, POSH regulates only JNK1. Remarkably, each type of T cell had a unique composition of the POSH scaffold complex and distinct posttranslational modifications of POSH. These data indicate that the mechanism that regulates POSH function in CD4(+) T cells is different from CD8(+) T cells. All together, these data strongly suggest that POSH is essential for the integration of cell-type-specific signals that regulate the differentiation, survival, and function of T cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cody A Cunningham
- Department of Molecular Microbiology and Immunology, School of Medicine, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO 65212
| | - Leah N Cardwell
- Department of Molecular Microbiology and Immunology, School of Medicine, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO 65212
| | - Yue Guan
- Department of Molecular Microbiology and Immunology, School of Medicine, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO 65212
| | - Emma Teixeiro
- Department of Molecular Microbiology and Immunology, School of Medicine, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO 65212
| | - Mark A Daniels
- Department of Molecular Microbiology and Immunology, School of Medicine, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO 65212
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Zhang F, Yu J, Yang T, Xu D, Chi Z, Xia Y, Xu Z. A Novel c-Jun N-terminal Kinase (JNK) Signaling Complex Involved in Neuronal Migration during Brain Development. J Biol Chem 2016; 291:11466-75. [PMID: 27026702 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.m116.716811] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/20/2016] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Disturbance of neuronal migration may cause various neurological disorders. Both the transforming growth factor-β (TGF-β) signaling and microcephaly-associated protein WDR62 are important for neuronal migration during brain development; however, the underlying molecular mechanisms involved remain unclear. We show here that knock-out or knockdown of Tak1 (TGFβ-activated kinase 1) and Jnk2 (c-Jun N-terminal kinase 2) perturbs neuronal migration during cortical development and that the migration defects incurred by knock-out and/or knockdown of Tβr2 (type II TGF-β receptor) or Tak1 can be partially rescued by expression of TAK1 and JNK2, respectively. Furthermore, TAK1 forms a protein complex with RAC1 and two scaffold proteins of the JNK pathway, the microcephaly-associated protein WDR62 and the RAC1-interacting protein POSH (plenty of Src homology). Components of the complex coordinate with each other in the regulation of TAK1 as well as JNK activities. We suggest that unique JNK protein complexes are involved in the diversified biological and pathological functions during brain development and pathogenesis of diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Feng Zhang
- From the State Key Laboratory of Molecular Developmental Biology, Institute of Genetics and Developmental Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, the University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, and
| | - Jingwen Yu
- From the State Key Laboratory of Molecular Developmental Biology, Institute of Genetics and Developmental Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101
| | - Tao Yang
- From the State Key Laboratory of Molecular Developmental Biology, Institute of Genetics and Developmental Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101
| | - Dan Xu
- From the State Key Laboratory of Molecular Developmental Biology, Institute of Genetics and Developmental Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101
| | - Zhixia Chi
- From the State Key Laboratory of Molecular Developmental Biology, Institute of Genetics and Developmental Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101
| | - Yanheng Xia
- From the State Key Laboratory of Molecular Developmental Biology, Institute of Genetics and Developmental Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, the University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, and
| | - Zhiheng Xu
- From the State Key Laboratory of Molecular Developmental Biology, Institute of Genetics and Developmental Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, the Translational Medical Center for Stem Cell Therapy, Shanghai East Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200120, the Parkinson's Disease Center, Beijing Institute for Brain Disorders, Beijing 100101, China
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36
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Alvarez C, Aravena A, Tapia T, Rozenblum E, Solís L, Corvalán A, Camus M, Alvarez M, Munroe D, Maass A, Carvallo P. Different Array CGH profiles within hereditary breast cancer tumors associated to BRCA1 expression and overall survival. BMC Cancer 2016; 16:219. [PMID: 26979459 PMCID: PMC4791866 DOI: 10.1186/s12885-016-2261-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/15/2015] [Accepted: 03/08/2016] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Array CGH analysis of breast tumors has contributed to the identification of different genomic profiles in these tumors. Loss of DNA repair by BRCA1 functional deficiency in breast cancer has been proposed as a relevant contribution to breast cancer progression for tumors with no germline mutation. Identifying the genomic alterations taking place in BRCA1 not expressing tumors will lead us to a better understanding of the cellular functions affected in this heterogeneous disease. Moreover, specific genomic alterations may contribute to the identification of potential therapeutic targets and offer a more personalized treatment to breast cancer patients. Methods Forty seven tumors from hereditary breast cancer cases, previously analyzed for BRCA1 expression, and screened for germline BRCA1 and 2 mutations, were analyzed by Array based Comparative Genomic Hybridization (aCGH) using Agilent 4x44K arrays. Overall survival was established for tumors in different clusters using Log-rank (Mantel-Cox) Test. Gene lists obtained from aCGH analysis were analyzed for Gene Ontology enrichment using GOrilla and DAVID tools. Results Genomic profiling of the tumors showed specific alterations associated to BRCA1 or 2 mutation status, and BRCA1 expression in the tumors, affecting relevant cellular processes. Similar cellular functions were found affected in BRCA1 not expressing and BRCA1 or 2 mutated tumors. Hierarchical clustering classified hereditary breast tumors in four major, groups according to the type and amount of genomic alterations, showing one group with a significantly poor overall survival (p = 0.0221). Within this cluster, deletion of PLEKHO1, GDF11, DARC, DAG1 and CD63 may be associated to the worse outcome of the patients. Conclusions These results support the fact that BRCA1 lack of expression in tumors should be used as a marker for BRCAness and to select these patients for synthetic lethality approaches such as treatment with PARP inhibitors. In addition, the identification of specific alterations in breast tumors associated with poor survival, immune response or with a BRCAness phenotype will allow the use of a more personalized treatment in these patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carolina Alvarez
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Biological Sciences, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - Andrés Aravena
- Mathomics, Center for Mathematical Modeling (UMI 2807 CNRS) and Center for Genome Regulation (Fondap 15090007), University of Chile, Santiago, Chile.,Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics, Faculty of Science, Istanbul University, Istanbul, 34134, Turkey
| | - Teresa Tapia
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Biological Sciences, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - Ester Rozenblum
- Laboratory of Molecular Technology Advanced Technology Program, SAIC-Frederick, Inc., National Cancer Institute-Frederick, Frederick, MD, USA
| | - Luisa Solís
- Department of Anatomo-Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - Alejandro Corvalán
- Department of Anatomo-Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - Mauricio Camus
- Cancer Center, Faculty of Medicine, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | | | - David Munroe
- Laboratory of Molecular Technology Advanced Technology Program, SAIC-Frederick, Inc., National Cancer Institute-Frederick, Frederick, MD, USA
| | - Alejandro Maass
- Mathomics, Center for Mathematical Modeling (UMI 2807 CNRS) and Center for Genome Regulation (Fondap 15090007), University of Chile, Santiago, Chile.,Department of Mathematical Engineering, University of Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - Pilar Carvallo
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Biological Sciences, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago, Chile.
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37
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Basic mechanisms of longevity: A case study of Drosophila pro-longevity genes. Ageing Res Rev 2015; 24:218-31. [PMID: 26318059 DOI: 10.1016/j.arr.2015.08.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/19/2015] [Revised: 08/11/2015] [Accepted: 08/20/2015] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Drosophila is one of the most convenient model organisms in the genetics of aging and longevity. Unlike the nematodes, which allow for the detection of new pro-aging genes by knockout and RNAi-mediated knock-down, Drosophila also provides an opportunity to find new pro-longevity genes by driver-induced overexpression. Similar studies on other models are extremely rare. In this review, we focused on genes whose overexpression prolongs the life of fruit flies. The majority of longevity-associated genes regulates metabolism and stress resistance, and belongs to the IGF-1R, PI3K, PKB, AMPK and TOR metabolic regulation cluster and the FOXO, HDAC, p53 stress response cluster.
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38
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West RJH, Lu Y, Marie B, Gao FB, Sweeney ST. Rab8, POSH, and TAK1 regulate synaptic growth in a Drosophila model of frontotemporal dementia. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2015; 208:931-47. [PMID: 25800055 PMCID: PMC4384727 DOI: 10.1083/jcb.201404066] [Citation(s) in RCA: 60] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Mutations in genes essential for protein homeostasis have been identified in frontotemporal dementia (FTD) and amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) patients. Why mature neurons should be particularly sensitive to such perturbations is unclear. We identified mutations in Rab8 in a genetic screen for enhancement of an FTD phenotype associated with ESCRT-III dysfunction. Examination of Rab8 mutants or motor neurons expressing a mutant ESCRT-III subunit, CHMP2B(Intron5), at the Drosophila melanogaster neuromuscular junction synapse revealed synaptic overgrowth and endosomal dysfunction. Expression of Rab8 rescued overgrowth phenotypes generated by CHMP2B(Intron5). In Rab8 mutant synapses, c-Jun N-terminal kinase (JNK)/activator protein-1 and TGF-β signaling were overactivated and acted synergistically to potentiate synaptic growth. We identify novel roles for endosomal JNK-scaffold POSH (Plenty-of-SH3s) and a JNK kinase kinase, TAK1, in regulating growth activation in Rab8 mutants. Our data uncover Rab8, POSH, and TAK1 as regulators of synaptic growth responses and point to recycling endosome as a key compartment for synaptic growth regulation during neurodegenerative processes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ryan J H West
- Department of Biology and Hull York Medical School, University of York, Heslington, York YO10 5DD, England, UK Department of Biology and Hull York Medical School, University of York, Heslington, York YO10 5DD, England, UK
| | - Yubing Lu
- Department of Neurology, University of Massachusetts Medical School, Worcester, MA 01605
| | - Bruno Marie
- Institute of Neurobiology, Medical Sciences Campus, University of Puerto Rico, San Juan, Puerto Rico 00901
| | - Fen-Biao Gao
- Department of Neurology, University of Massachusetts Medical School, Worcester, MA 01605
| | - Sean T Sweeney
- Department of Biology and Hull York Medical School, University of York, Heslington, York YO10 5DD, England, UK Department of Biology and Hull York Medical School, University of York, Heslington, York YO10 5DD, England, UK
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39
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Epigenetic regulation of Atrophin1 by lysine-specific demethylase 1 is required for cortical progenitor maintenance. Nat Commun 2014; 5:5815. [PMID: 25519973 PMCID: PMC4284801 DOI: 10.1038/ncomms6815] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2014] [Accepted: 11/10/2014] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Lysine-specific demethylase 1 (LSD1) is involved in gene regulation and development; however, its precise function, molecular targets and underlying mechanisms during development are poorly understood. Here we show that LSD1 is required for neuronal progenitor cell (NPC) maintenance during cortical development. A ChIP-seq analysis identified a LSD1-binding site (LBAL) downstream of Atrophin1 (ATN1). Surprisingly, tranylcypromine (LSD1 inhibitor) treatment increased H3K4 methylation at LBAL, leading to ATN1 repression and NPC differentiation. Knockdown of LSD1 and ATN1 phenocopied each other in inducing NPC premature differentiation and depletion, which could be rescued by ATN1 overexpression, suggesting that LSD1 controls NPC differentiation via regulation of ATN1 methylation status and expression. The involvement of LSD1 in ATN1 expression and NPC maintenance were confirmed in knockout mice. These findings hint at the potential application for the clinical drug, tranylcypromine, in the prevention and/or treatment of ATN1-associated degenerative disease, dentatorubral-pallidoluysian atrophy. Histone modification is critical for gene expression regulation during development. Here, the authors show that the demethylase LSD1 and its target gene ATN1 are responsible for maintenance of neural progenitor cells during mouse cortical development.
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40
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Shepelev MV, Chernoff J, Korobko IV. Rho family GTPase Chp/RhoV induces PC12 apoptotic cell death via JNK activation. Small GTPases 2014; 2:17-26. [PMID: 21686277 DOI: 10.4161/sgtp.2.1.15229] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/17/2010] [Revised: 02/18/2011] [Accepted: 02/21/2011] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Rho GTPases regulate numerous cellular processes including apoptosis. Chp/RhoV is an atypical Rho GTPase which functions are poorly understood. Here we investigated the role of Chp in regulation of cell viability using PC12 cells with inducible expression of Chp as a model. We found that expression of Chp results in apoptosis in PC12 cells. Chp-induced apoptosis was accompanied by activation of JNK signaling and both death receptor-mediated and mitochondrial apoptotic pathways as justified by caspase-8 and caspase-9 activation, respectively. Moreover, inhibition of JNK by SP600125 rescued PC12 cells from Chp-triggered cell death and attenuated activation of caspases-9 and -3/7 suggesting that activation of JNK mediates pro-apoptotic effect of Chp. Expression of Chp resulted in increased phosphorylation of c-Jun in PC12 cells, and Chp expression in HE K293 cells upregulated AP-1-dependent transcription in a JNK-dependent manner. Together results of our study reveal the role of Chp GTPase as a putative regulator of JNK-dependent apoptotic death in PC12 cells, similarly to previously described pro-apoptotic activity of the related Cdc42 and Rac1 GTPases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mikhail V Shepelev
- Laboratory of Molecular Oncogenetics; Institute of Gene Biology; Russian Academy of Sciences; Moscow, Russia
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41
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Yao W, Frie M, Pan J, Pak K, Webster N, Wasserman SI, Ryan AF. C-Jun N-terminal kinase (JNK) isoforms play differing roles in otitis media. BMC Immunol 2014; 15:46. [PMID: 25311344 PMCID: PMC4200133 DOI: 10.1186/s12865-014-0046-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/12/2014] [Accepted: 10/02/2014] [Indexed: 01/06/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Innate immunity and tissue proliferation play important roles in otitis media (OM), the most common disease of childhood. CJUN terminal kinase (JNK) is potentially involved in both processes. RESULTS Genes involved in both innate immune and growth factor activation of JNK are upregulated during OM, while expression of both positive and negative JNK regulatory genes is altered. When compared to wildtypes (WTs), C57BL/6 mice deficient in JNK1 exhibit enhanced mucosal thickening, with delayed recovery, enhanced neutrophil recruitment early in OM, and delayed bacterial clearance. In contrast, JNK2-/- mice exhibit delayed mucosal hyperplasia that eventually exceeds that of WTs and is slow to recover, delayed recruitment of neutrophils, and failure of bacterial clearance. CONCLUSIONS The results suggest that JNK1 and JNK2 play primarily opposing roles in mucosal hyperplasia and neutrophil recruitment early in OM. However, both isoforms are required for the normal resolution of middle ear infection.
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42
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Blessing NA, Brockman AL, Chadee DN. The E3 ligase CHIP mediates ubiquitination and degradation of mixed-lineage kinase 3. Mol Cell Biol 2014; 34:3132-43. [PMID: 24912674 PMCID: PMC4135596 DOI: 10.1128/mcb.00296-14] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2014] [Revised: 03/30/2014] [Accepted: 05/28/2014] [Indexed: 01/30/2023] Open
Abstract
Mixed-lineage kinase 3 (MLK3) activates mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) signaling pathways and has important functions in migration, invasion, proliferation, tumorigenesis, and apoptosis. We investigated the role of the E3 ligase carboxyl terminus of Hsc70-interacting protein (CHIP) in the regulation of MLK3 protein levels. We show that CHIP interacts with MLK3 and, together with the E2 ubiquitin-conjugating enzyme UbcH5 (UbcH5a, -b, -c, or -d), ubiquitinates MLK3 in vitro. CHIP or Hsp70 overexpression promoted endogenous MLK3 ubiquitination and induced a decline in MLK3 protein levels in cells with Hsp90 inhibition. Furthermore, CHIP overexpression caused a proteasome-dependent reduction in exogenous MLK3 protein. Geldanamycin (GA), heat shock, and osmotic shock treatments also reduced the level of MLK3 protein via a CHIP-dependent mechanism. In addition, CHIP depletion in ovarian cancer SKOV3 cells increased cell invasion, and the enhancement of invasiveness was abrogated by small interfering RNA (siRNA)-mediated knockdown of MLK3. Thus, CHIP modulates MLK3 protein levels in response to GA and stress stimuli, and CHIP-dependent regulation of MLK3 is required for suppression of SKOV3 ovarian cancer cell invasion.
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Affiliation(s)
- Natalya A Blessing
- Department of Biological Sciences, The University of Toledo, Toledo, Ohio, USA
| | - April L Brockman
- Department of Biological Sciences, The University of Toledo, Toledo, Ohio, USA
| | - Deborah N Chadee
- Department of Biological Sciences, The University of Toledo, Toledo, Ohio, USA
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43
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Puiggròs F, Salvadó MJ, Bladé C, Arola L. Differential modulation of apoptotic processes by proanthocyanidins as a dietary strategy for delaying chronic pathologies. Crit Rev Food Sci Nutr 2014; 54:277-91. [PMID: 24188302 DOI: 10.1080/10408398.2011.565456] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Apoptosis is a biological process necessary for maintaining cellular homeostasis. Several diseases can result if it is deregulated. For example, inhibition of apoptotic signaling pathways is linked to the survival of pathological cells, which contributes to cancer, whereas excessive apoptosis is linked to neurodegenerative diseases, partially via oxidative stress. The activation or restoration of apoptosis via extrinsic or intrinsic pathways combined with cell signaling pathways triggered by reactive oxygen specises (ROS) formation is considered a key strategy by which bioactive foods can exert their health effects. Proanthocyanidins, a class of flavonoids naturally found in fruits, vegetables, and beverages, have attracted a great deal of attention not only because they are strong antioxidants but also because they appear to exert a different modulation of apoptosis, stimulating apoptosis in damaged cells, thus preventing cancer or reducing apoptosis in healthy cells, and as a result, preserving the integrity of normal cells and protecting against neurodegenerative diseases. Therefore, proanthocyanidins could provide a defense against apoptosis induced by oxidative stress or directly inhibit apoptosis, and they could also provide a promising treatment for a variety of diseases. Emerging data suggest that proanthocyanidins, especially those that humans can be persuaded to consume, may be used to prevent and manage cancer and mental disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Francesc Puiggròs
- a Nutrigenomics Group, Department of Biochemistry and Biotechnology , Universitat Rovira i Virgili , Tarragona , Spain
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44
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Kristiansen M, Ham J. Programmed cell death during neuronal development: the sympathetic neuron model. Cell Death Differ 2014; 21:1025-35. [PMID: 24769728 PMCID: PMC4207485 DOI: 10.1038/cdd.2014.47] [Citation(s) in RCA: 73] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/14/2014] [Revised: 03/05/2014] [Accepted: 03/13/2014] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Developing sympathetic neurons of the superior cervical ganglion are one of the best studied models of neuronal apoptosis. These cells require nerve growth factor (NGF) for survival at the time that they innervate their final target tissues during late embryonic and early postnatal development. In the absence of NGF, developing sympathetic neurons die by apoptosis in a transcription-dependent manner. Molecular studies of sympathetic neuron apoptosis began in the 1980s. We now know that NGF withdrawal activates the mitochondrial (intrinsic) pathway of apoptosis in sympathetic neurons cultured in vitro, and the roles of caspases, Bcl-2 (B-cell CLL/lymphoma 2) family proteins and XIAP (X-linked inhibitor of apoptosis protein) have been extensively studied. Importantly, a considerable amount has also been learned about the intracellular signalling pathways and transcription factors that regulate programmed cell death in sympathetic neurons. In this article, we review the key papers published in the past few years, covering all aspects of apoptosis regulation in sympathetic neurons and focusing, in particular, on how signalling pathways and transcription factors regulate the cell death programme. We make some comparisons with other models of neuronal apoptosis and describe possible future directions for the field.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Kristiansen
- Molecular Haematology and Cancer Biology Unit, Institute of Child Health, University College London, 30 Guilford Street, London WC1N 1EH, UK
| | - J Ham
- Molecular Haematology and Cancer Biology Unit, Institute of Child Health, University College London, 30 Guilford Street, London WC1N 1EH, UK
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45
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Zhu G, Fan Z, Ding M, Mu L, Liang J, Ding Y, Fu Y, Huang B, Wu W. DNA damage induces the accumulation of Tiam1 by blocking β-TrCP-dependent degradation. J Biol Chem 2014; 289:15482-94. [PMID: 24737324 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.m114.553388] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/21/2023] Open
Abstract
The Rac1/JNK cascade plays important roles in DNA damage-induced apoptosis. However, how this cascade is activated upon DNA damage remains to be fully understood. We show here that, in untreated cells, Tiam1, a Rac1-specific guanine nucleotide exchange factor, is phosphorylated by casein kinase 1 (CK1) at its C terminus, leading to Skp, Cullin, F-box-containing(β-TrCP) recognition, ubiquitination, and proteasome-mediated degradation. Upon DNA-damaging anticancer drug treatment, CK1/β-TrCP-mediated Tiam1 degradation is abolished, and the accumulated Tiam1 contributes to downstream activation of Rac1/JNK. Consistently, tumor cells overexpressing Tiam1 are hypersensitive to DNA-damaging drug treatment. In xenograft mice, Tiam1-high cells are more susceptible to doxorubicin treatment. Thus, our results uncover that inhibition of proteasome-mediated Tiam1 degradation is an upstream event leading to Rac1/JNK activation and cell apoptosis in response to DNA-damaging drug treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guixin Zhu
- From the Key Laboratory of Protein Science of Ministry of Education, School of Life Sciences, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China, the Tsinghua-Peking Center for Life Sciences, Beijing 100084, China, and
| | - Zhongyun Fan
- From the Key Laboratory of Protein Science of Ministry of Education, School of Life Sciences, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
| | - Miao Ding
- the School of Life Sciences, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
| | - Libing Mu
- From the Key Laboratory of Protein Science of Ministry of Education, School of Life Sciences, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
| | - Juan Liang
- From the Key Laboratory of Protein Science of Ministry of Education, School of Life Sciences, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
| | - Yajie Ding
- From the Key Laboratory of Protein Science of Ministry of Education, School of Life Sciences, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
| | - Yu Fu
- From the Key Laboratory of Protein Science of Ministry of Education, School of Life Sciences, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
| | - Binlu Huang
- From the Key Laboratory of Protein Science of Ministry of Education, School of Life Sciences, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
| | - Wei Wu
- From the Key Laboratory of Protein Science of Ministry of Education, School of Life Sciences, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China,
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Stahnke MJ, Dickel C, Schröder S, Kaiser D, Blume R, Stein R, Pouponnot C, Oetjen E. Inhibition of human insulin gene transcription and MafA transcriptional activity by the dual leucine zipper kinase. Cell Signal 2014; 26:1792-9. [PMID: 24726898 DOI: 10.1016/j.cellsig.2014.04.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2014] [Revised: 04/01/2014] [Accepted: 04/04/2014] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
Abstract
Insulin biosynthesis is an essential β-cell function and inappropriate insulin secretion and biosynthesis contribute to the pathogenesis of diabetes mellitus type 2. Previous studies showed that the dual leucine zipper kinase (DLK) induces β-cell apoptosis. Since β-cell dysfunction precedes β-cell loss, in the present study the effect of DLK on insulin gene transcription was investigated in the HIT-T15 β-cell line. Downregulation of endogenous DLK increased whereas overexpression of DLK decreased human insulin gene transcription. 5'- and 3'-deletion human insulin promoter analyses resulted in the identification of a DLK responsive element that mapped to the DNA binding-site for the β-cell specific transcription factor MafA. Overexpression of DLK wild-type but not its kinase-dead mutant inhibited MafA transcriptional activity conferred by its transactivation domain. Furthermore, in the non-β-cell line JEG DLK inhibited MafA overexpression-induced human insulin promoter activity. Overexpression of MafA and DLK or its kinase-dead mutant into JEG cells revealed that DLK but not its mutant reduced MafA protein content. Inhibition of the down-stream DLK kinase c-Jun N-terminal kinase (JNK) by SP600125 attenuated DLK-induced MafA loss. Furthermore, mutation of the serine 65 to alanine, shown to confer MafA protein stability, increased MafA-dependent insulin gene transcription and prevented DLK-induced MafA loss in JEG cells. These data suggest that DLK by activating JNK triggers the phosphorylation and degradation of MafA thereby attenuating insulin gene transcription. Given the importance of MafA for β-cell function, the inhibition of DLK might preserve β-cell function and ultimately retard the development of diabetes mellitus type 2.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Corinna Dickel
- Department of Pharmacology, University Medical Center Göttingen, Göttingen, Germany
| | - Sabine Schröder
- Institute of Clinical Pharmacology and Toxicology, Cardiovascular Research Center, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Diana Kaiser
- Institute of Clinical Pharmacology and Toxicology, Cardiovascular Research Center, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Roland Blume
- Department of Pharmacology, University Medical Center Göttingen, Göttingen, Germany
| | - Roland Stein
- Department of Molecular Physiology and Biophysics, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, TN, USA
| | - Celio Pouponnot
- Institut Curie, CNRS UMR 3347, INSERM U1021, Paris Sud University Centre de Recherche, Orsay, France
| | - Elke Oetjen
- Department of Pharmacology, University Medical Center Göttingen, Göttingen, Germany; Institute of Clinical Pharmacology and Toxicology, Cardiovascular Research Center, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany; DZHK (German Centre for Cardiovascular Research) partner site Hamburg/Kiel/Lübeck, Hamburg, Germany; Institute of Pharmacy, University of Hamburg, Hamburg, Germany.
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47
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Klinger PP, Schubert U. The ubiquitin–proteasome system in HIV replication: potential targets for antiretroviral therapy. Expert Rev Anti Infect Ther 2014; 3:61-79. [PMID: 15757458 DOI: 10.1586/14787210.3.1.61] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
Since the discovery of HIV approximately 20 years ago, more than 60 million individuals have been infected, and AIDS still remains one of the most devastating diseases humankind has ever faced. Unfortunately, there is little hope that an effective vaccine will be developed in the near future. Current antiretroviral treatment is based on drugs that either target the viral enzymes (protease and reverse transcriptase) or the attachment and entry of the virus. Although the introduction of highly active antiretroviral therapy in the mid-1990s has led to a profound reduction in HIV-related morbidity and mortality, the complete eradication of the virus from infected individuals has never been achieved. In addition, these antiviral drugs can induce serious adverse effects, particularly when administered in combination over prolonged treatment periods. A further drawback to these treatments is that with the high mutation rate of HIV, drug-resistant mutants are evolving, particularly when antiretroviral treatment only suppresses virus replication to marginal levels in latently infected cells making up the virus reservoirs in vivo. Cellular genes have much lower mutation rates, and drug-mediated modulation of specific cellular pathways represents an attractive antiviral strategy. Recent findings showing that proteasome inhibitors interfere with budding, maturation and infectivity of HIV have triggered intensive investigation of the hitherto unappreciated function of the ubiquitin-proteasome system in HIV replication. It was also observed that, like several other retroviruses, HIV-1 virions contain a small amount of mono-ubiquitinylated Gag proteins. Currently, two E3-type ubiquitin ligases, in addition to one E3-like protein, have been identified as regulators of HIV budding. These ligases might represent interesting targets for therapeutic intervention.
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Affiliation(s)
- Patricia P Klinger
- University of Erlangen-Nuremberg, Institute of Clinical and Molecular Virology, Schlossgarten 4, 91054 Erlangen, Germany
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Xu D, Zhang F, Wang Y, Sun Y, Xu Z. Microcephaly-Associated Protein WDR62 Regulates Neurogenesis through JNK1 in the Developing Neocortex. Cell Rep 2014; 6:104-16. [DOI: 10.1016/j.celrep.2013.12.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 56] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2012] [Revised: 10/23/2013] [Accepted: 12/11/2013] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
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ULK1 and JNK are involved in mitophagy incurred by LRRK2 G2019S expression. Protein Cell 2013; 4:711-21. [PMID: 27023913 DOI: 10.1007/s13238-013-3910-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2013] [Accepted: 07/25/2013] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Mutations in LR RK2 (Leucine rich repeat kinase 2) are a major cause of Parkinson's disease (PD). We and others reported recently that expression of the pathogenic gainof-function mutant form of LRRK2, LRRK2 G2019S, induces mitochondrial fission in neurons through DLP1. Here we provide evidence that expression of LRRK2 G2019S stimulates mitochondria loss or mitophagy. We have characterized several LRRK2 interacting proteins and found that LRRK2 interacts with ULK1 which plays an essential role in autophagy. Knockdown of either ULK1 or DLP1 expression with shRNAs suppresses LRRK2 G2019S expression-induced mitochondrial clearance, suggesting that LRRK2 G2019S expression induces mitochondrial fission through DLP1 followed by mitophagy via an ULK1 dependent pathway. In addition to ULK1, we found that LRRK2 interacts with the endogenous MKK4/7, JIP3 and coordinates with them in the activation of JNK signaling. Interestingly, LRRK2 G2019S-induced loss of mitochondria can also be suppressed by 3 different JNK inhibitors, implying the involvement of the JNK pathway in the pathogenic mechanism of mutated LRRK2. Thus our findings may provide an insight into the complicated pathogenesis of PD as well as some clues to the development of novel therapeutic strategies.
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50
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Cunningham CA, Knudson KM, Peng BJ, Teixeiro E, Daniels MA. The POSH/JIP-1 scaffold network regulates TCR-mediated JNK1 signals and effector function in CD8+T cells. Eur J Immunol 2013; 43:3361-71. [DOI: 10.1002/eji.201343635] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2013] [Revised: 07/15/2013] [Accepted: 08/16/2013] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Cody A. Cunningham
- Department of Molecular Microbiology and Immunology & Department of Surgery; Center for Cellular and Molecular Immunology, School of Medicine, University of Missouri; Columbia MO USA
| | - Karin M. Knudson
- Department of Molecular Microbiology and Immunology & Department of Surgery; Center for Cellular and Molecular Immunology, School of Medicine, University of Missouri; Columbia MO USA
| | - Binghao J. Peng
- Department of Molecular Microbiology and Immunology & Department of Surgery; Center for Cellular and Molecular Immunology, School of Medicine, University of Missouri; Columbia MO USA
| | - Emma Teixeiro
- Department of Molecular Microbiology and Immunology & Department of Surgery; Center for Cellular and Molecular Immunology, School of Medicine, University of Missouri; Columbia MO USA
| | - Mark A. Daniels
- Department of Molecular Microbiology and Immunology & Department of Surgery; Center for Cellular and Molecular Immunology, School of Medicine, University of Missouri; Columbia MO USA
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