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Zhang T, Yang S, Liu W, Bai Q, Gao S. Tai Chi training as a primary care plan for the prevention and management of hypertension: an opinion and positioning article. Ann Med 2024; 56:2320863. [PMID: 38373214 PMCID: PMC10878327 DOI: 10.1080/07853890.2024.2320863] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2023] [Accepted: 02/14/2024] [Indexed: 02/21/2024] Open
Abstract
Hypertension is a prevalent chronic condition worldwide that can impact patients' quality of life. Oral antihypertensive drugs are widely used to manage high blood pressure, primarily by regulating the renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system. Nevertheless, limited efficacy and low compliance represent significant obstacles, arising primarily from dose, duration, and medication type restrictions. Furthermore, the prolonged use of antihypertensive medication may result in dependence and adverse effects, without any substantial improvement in achieving targeted blood pressure leves. As a result, research has focused on using exercise therapy to treat hypertension. Tai Chi, a widely-practiced Chinese health exercise, has evolved into a form of exercise therapy that might help alleviate the risk associated with hypertension. Therefore, this article aims to outline the role of Tai Chi in preventing and managing hypertension.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ting Zhang
- College of Physical Education and Health Sciences, Zhejiang Normal University, Jinhua, China
- University Hospital, Zhejiang Normal University, Jinhua, China
| | - Shuman Yang
- College of Physical Education and Health Sciences, Zhejiang Normal University, Jinhua, China
| | - Wei Liu
- Physical Education College, Guangxi University of Science and Technology, Liuzhou, China
| | - Qingping Bai
- Physical Education College, Guangxi University of Science and Technology, Liuzhou, China
| | - Song Gao
- College of Physical Education and Health Sciences, Zhejiang Normal University, Jinhua, China
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Muiño-Mosquera L, Cervi E, De Groote K, Dewals W, Fejzic Z, Kazamia K, Mathur S, Milleron O, Mir TS, Nielsen DG, Odermarsky M, Sabate-Rotes A, van der Hulst A, Valenzuela I, Jondeau G. Management of aortic disease in children with FBN1-related Marfan syndrome. Eur Heart J 2024; 45:4156-4169. [PMID: 39250726 PMCID: PMC11472455 DOI: 10.1093/eurheartj/ehae526] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2023] [Revised: 05/14/2024] [Accepted: 07/31/2024] [Indexed: 09/11/2024] Open
Abstract
Marfan syndrome (MFS) is a hereditary connective tissue disorder with an estimated prevalence of 1:5000-1:10 000 individuals. It is a pleiotropic disease characterized by specific ocular, cardiovascular, and skeletal features. The most common cardiovascular complication is aortic root dilatation which untreated can lead to life-threatening aortic root dissection, mainly occurring in adult patients. Prompt diagnosis, appropriate follow-up, and timely treatment can prevent aortic events. Currently there are no specific recommendations for treatment of children with MFS, and management is greatly based on adult guidelines. Furthermore, due to the scarcity of studies including children, there is a lack of uniform treatment across different centres. This consensus document aims at bridging these gaps of knowledge. This work is a joint collaboration between the paediatric subgroup of the European Network of Vascular Diseases (VASCERN, Heritable Thoracic Aortic Disease Working Group) and the Association for European Paediatric and Congenital Cardiology (AEPC). A group of experts from 12 different centres and 8 different countries participated in this effort. This document reviews four main subjects, namely, (i) imaging of the aorta at diagnosis and follow-up, (ii) recommendations on medical treatment, (iii) recommendations on surgical treatment, and (iv) recommendations on sport participation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laura Muiño-Mosquera
- Department of Paediatrics, division of Paediatric Cardiology, Ghent University Hospital, C. Heymanslaan 10, Ghent 9000, Belgium
- Center for Medical Genetics, Ghent University Hospital, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Elena Cervi
- Inherited Cardiovascular Diseases Centre, Cardiology, Great Ormond Street Hospital, London, United Kingdom
| | - Katya De Groote
- Department of Paediatrics, division of Paediatric Cardiology, Ghent University Hospital, C. Heymanslaan 10, Ghent 9000, Belgium
| | - Wendy Dewals
- Department of Paediatrics, division of Paediatric Cardiology, Antwerp University Hospital, Antwerp, Belgium
| | - Zina Fejzic
- Department of Paediatrics, division of Paediatric Cardiology, Radboud University Medical Centre, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Kalliopi Kazamia
- Department of Paediatric Cardiology, Stockholm-Uppsala, Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden
- Department of Women’s and Children’s Health, Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Sujeev Mathur
- Department of Cardiovascular Imaging, Guy’s and St Thomas Hospital, London, United Kingdom
| | - Olivier Milleron
- Centre de réference pour le syndrome de Marfan et apparentés, Department of Cardiology, Bichat Claude Bernard Hospital, Université Paris Cité, INSERM U1148, Paris, France
| | - Thomas S Mir
- Childrens Heart Centre, Paediatric Cardiology, University Clinics Hamburg, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Dorte G Nielsen
- Department of Cardiology, Aarhus University Hospital, Aarhus, Denmark
| | | | - Anna Sabate-Rotes
- Department of Paediatric Cardiology, Hospital Vall D’Hebron, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Annelies van der Hulst
- Department of Paediatrics, Division of Paediatric Cardiology, Amsterdam University Medical Centre, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Irene Valenzuela
- Department of Clinical and Molecular Genetics, Hospital Vall d’Hebron, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Guillaume Jondeau
- Centre de réference pour le syndrome de Marfan et apparentés, Department of Cardiology, Bichat Claude Bernard Hospital, Université Paris Cité, INSERM U1148, Paris, France
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Barca LV, Hernández-Estefanía R, Orejas MO, Miñambres AD, Mallebrera MT, Romero PC, Yung AH, Aldámiz-Echevarría G. Anomalous Aortic Origin of a Coronary Artery: Results from a Single Surgical Team in Spain. World J Pediatr Congenit Heart Surg 2024:21501351241278684. [PMID: 39397583 DOI: 10.1177/21501351241278684] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/15/2024]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Anomalous aortic origin of a coronary artery is a rare congenital lesion in which a coronary artery arises from an anomalous location within the aorta. Anomalous aortic origin of a coronary artery has been associated with myocardial ischemia and it is considered the second most common cause of sudden cardiac arrest in young athletes. When surgical repair is indicated, surgical unroofing is the most commonly employed technique. Our objective is to describe the outcomes of our surgically treated patients. METHODS We present a series of 16 adult patients who underwent surgical repair of anomalous aortic origin of a coronary artery. Patients were treated in three different institutions by the same surgeon. Surgical unroofing of the anomalous coronary artery was the surgical technique chosen in the majority of the patients. Follow-up was performed. RESULTS Unroofing of an intramural anomalous coronary artery was the procedure performed in 11 patients. Three patients underwent neo-ostium creation; one patient underwent a David procedure with coronary reimplantation; and one patient was treated with coronary bypass grafting due to severe coronary atheromatous lesions. There were no perioperative deaths, and no major postoperative complications. Follow-up period was 73.8 months, the survival rate was 100%, and there were neither ischemia or heart failure reports. CONCLUSIONS The surgical repair of anomalous aortic origin of a coronary artery by coronary unroofing or neo-ostium creation has demonstrated excellent early and late outcomes. Late survival was excellent. The follow-up period revealed no significant morbidity or complications.
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Jenner WJ, Brown OI, Moore A, Gilpin T, Morgan H, Bowater S, Braganza D, Camm CF. Health, burnout and well-being of UK cardiology trainees: insights from the British Junior Cardiologists' Association Survey. Heart 2024:heartjnl-2024-324418. [PMID: 39242188 DOI: 10.1136/heartjnl-2024-324418] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/12/2024] [Accepted: 08/26/2024] [Indexed: 09/09/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Cardiology training is demanding and associated with high workloads. Poor lifestyle and health among clinicians may stretch workforces and impact patient care. It has not been established what impact training in cardiology has on the doctors undertaking it. We aimed to establish the prevalence of physical and mental illness, burnout and the ability to maintain a healthy lifestyle among cardiology trainees in the United Kingdom (UK). METHODS The 2023 British Junior Cardiologists' Association training survey included questions on ill health, burnout, healthy living and invited responders to complete screening questionnaires for depression (Patient Health Questionnaire 9; PHQ-9) and anxiety (Generalised Anxiety Disorder 7; GAD-7). Significant anxiety and depression were defined as scoring within the moderate or severe range (PHQ-9≥10; GAD-7≥10). Burnout was a self-reported outcome. Poisson regression was used to determine prevalence ratios (PR) between univariate predictors of anxiety, depression and burnout. RESULTS Of 398 responders, 212 consented to answer health and well-being questions. Prior physical and mental health conditions were reported by 9% and 7% of trainees, respectively. Significant depression and anxiety symptoms were reported by 25% and 18% of trainees, respectively. Burnout was reported by 76% of trainees. Less than full-time trainees reported greater anxiety (PR 2.92, 95% CI 1.39 to 6.16, p<0.01) and depression (PR 3.66, 95% CI 2.24 to 5.98, p<0.01), while trainees with dependents reported less burnout (PR 0.77, 95% CI 0.65 to 0.92, p<0.01). Exercise, good sleep quality and maintaining a healthy diet were associated with less burnout and depressive symptoms (p<0.05). Half of trainees reported training having a negative impact on well-being, driven by the amount of service provision, curriculum requirements and lack of training opportunities. CONCLUSIONS The prevalence of anxiety, depression and burnout is high among UK cardiology trainees. Further work should establish the impact of cardiology trainee health on the quality of patient care. Training bodies should consider how occupational factors may contribute to health.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Oliver Ian Brown
- Leeds Institute of Cardiovascular and Metabolic Medicine, University of Leeds, Leeds, UK
| | - Abigail Moore
- Nuffield Department of Primary Care Health Sciences, University of Oxford, Oxford, Oxfordshire, UK
| | - Thomas Gilpin
- Cardiology Department, University Hospital Southampton NHS Foundation Trust, Southampton, UK
| | | | - Sarah Bowater
- Department of Cardiology, Queen Elizabeth Hospital Birmingham, Birmingham, UK
| | | | - C Fielder Camm
- Keble College, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
- Department of Cardiology, Royal Berkshire NHS Foundation Trust, Reading, UK
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Caminiti G, Volterrani M, Iellamo F, Marazzi G, D’Antoni V, Calandri C, Vadalà S, Catena M, Di Biasio D, Manzi V, Morsella V, Perrone MA. Acute Changes in Myocardial Work during Isometric Exercise in Hypertensive Patients with Ischemic Heart Disease: A Case-Control Study. J Clin Med 2024; 13:5955. [PMID: 39408014 PMCID: PMC11477926 DOI: 10.3390/jcm13195955] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/12/2024] [Revised: 10/03/2024] [Accepted: 10/04/2024] [Indexed: 10/20/2024] Open
Abstract
Background: The acute hemodynamic response to isometric exercise in hypertensive patients' ischemic heart disease (IHD) has been poorly investigated. The aim of this study was to assess acute changes in left ventricular myocardial work (MW) during isometric bilateral knee extension in patients with IHD. Methods: Twenty stable hypertensive patients with IHD and ten healthy, age-matched controls (HC) were enrolled. All subjects performed an isometric knee extension exercise at 30% of their maximal voluntary contraction. The effort was maintained for three minutes or until exhaustion. At baseline, at peak exercise, and after 10 min of recovery, echocardiography evaluation was performed and blood pressure (BP) and heart rate (HR) were measured. Results: The exercise was well tolerated by all subjects. At peak exercise, systolic BP in the IHD was significantly higher than HC (37.6 ± 7.2 vs. 8.4 ± 2.3 mmHg; p 0.002). The HC group had a greater increase in HR than IHD (19.7 ± 6.2 vs. 8.4 ± 2.2 bpm; p 0.009). The E/E' ratio increased in IHD and was unchanged in the control group. The global work index increased significantly in IHD compared to HC (+15% vs. +3%; p 0.026). Global constructive work increased significantly in IHD compared to HC (+29.8% vs. +7.4 respectively, p 0.031). Global wasted work increased by 92.3% in IHD and was unchanged in HC. The global work efficiency decreased in IHD (-18%), but was unchanged in HC (between-groups p 0.019). Stroke volume decreased in IHD and was unchanged in HC. Cardiac output was unchanged in IHD, while it increased in HC. Conclusion: In patients with hypertension and underlying IHD, an acute isometric load causes a great increase in systolic BP and LV filling pressure. It follows a mostly ineffective increase in MW that fails to maintain stroke volume.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giuseppe Caminiti
- Department of Human Science and Promotion of Quality of Life, San Raffaele Open University, 00163 Rome, Italy;
- Cardiology Rehabilitation Unit, IRCCS San Raffaele Roma, 00166 Rome, Italy (V.D.); (S.V.); (M.C.); (D.D.B.); (V.M.)
| | - Maurizio Volterrani
- Department of Human Science and Promotion of Quality of Life, San Raffaele Open University, 00163 Rome, Italy;
- Cardiology Rehabilitation Unit, IRCCS San Raffaele Roma, 00166 Rome, Italy (V.D.); (S.V.); (M.C.); (D.D.B.); (V.M.)
| | - Ferdinando Iellamo
- Division of Cardiology and Sports Medicine, Department of Clinical Sciences and Translational Medicine, University of Rome Tor Vergata, 00133 Rome, Italy; (F.I.); (C.C.); (M.A.P.)
| | - Giuseppe Marazzi
- Cardiology Rehabilitation Unit, IRCCS San Raffaele Roma, 00166 Rome, Italy (V.D.); (S.V.); (M.C.); (D.D.B.); (V.M.)
| | - Valentino D’Antoni
- Cardiology Rehabilitation Unit, IRCCS San Raffaele Roma, 00166 Rome, Italy (V.D.); (S.V.); (M.C.); (D.D.B.); (V.M.)
| | - Camilla Calandri
- Division of Cardiology and Sports Medicine, Department of Clinical Sciences and Translational Medicine, University of Rome Tor Vergata, 00133 Rome, Italy; (F.I.); (C.C.); (M.A.P.)
| | - Sara Vadalà
- Cardiology Rehabilitation Unit, IRCCS San Raffaele Roma, 00166 Rome, Italy (V.D.); (S.V.); (M.C.); (D.D.B.); (V.M.)
| | - Matteo Catena
- Cardiology Rehabilitation Unit, IRCCS San Raffaele Roma, 00166 Rome, Italy (V.D.); (S.V.); (M.C.); (D.D.B.); (V.M.)
| | - Deborah Di Biasio
- Cardiology Rehabilitation Unit, IRCCS San Raffaele Roma, 00166 Rome, Italy (V.D.); (S.V.); (M.C.); (D.D.B.); (V.M.)
| | - Vincenzo Manzi
- Department of Wellbeing, Nutrition and Sport, Pegaso Open University, 80132 Naples, Italy;
| | - Valentina Morsella
- Cardiology Rehabilitation Unit, IRCCS San Raffaele Roma, 00166 Rome, Italy (V.D.); (S.V.); (M.C.); (D.D.B.); (V.M.)
| | - Marco Alfonso Perrone
- Division of Cardiology and Sports Medicine, Department of Clinical Sciences and Translational Medicine, University of Rome Tor Vergata, 00133 Rome, Italy; (F.I.); (C.C.); (M.A.P.)
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Yamagata K, Malhotra A. Return-to-Play Post-Myocarditis for Athletes: To Play or Not to Play? Diagnostics (Basel) 2024; 14:2236. [PMID: 39410640 PMCID: PMC11475062 DOI: 10.3390/diagnostics14192236] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/18/2024] [Revised: 09/29/2024] [Accepted: 10/02/2024] [Indexed: 10/20/2024] Open
Abstract
Myocarditis is a condition marked by inflammation of the heart muscle, which can lead to serious outcomes such as sudden cardiac death (SCD) and life-threatening arrhythmias. While myocarditis can affect any population, athletes, especially those engaged in high-intensity training, are at increased risk due to factors such as reduced immunity and increased exposure to pathogens. This review examines the clinical presentation, current guidelines, diagnostic challenges, and the significance of cardiac magnetic resonance imaging (CMR) in detecting myocardial inflammation and scarring. Current guidelines recommend a period of exercise restriction followed by thorough reassessment before athletes can return-to-play (RTP). However, there are several knowledge gaps, including the implications of persistent late gadolinium enhancement (LGE) on CMR and the optimal duration of exercise restriction. Additionally, the psychological impact of myocarditis on athletes highlights the importance of incorporating mental health support in the recovery process. A shared decision-making approach should be encouraged in RTP, considering the athlete's overall health, personal preferences, and the potential risks of resuming competitive sports. We have proposed an algorithm for RTP in athletes following myocarditis, incorporating CMR. Future research is warranted to refine RTP protocols and improve risk stratification, particularly through longitudinal studies that examine recovery and outcomes in athletes.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Aneil Malhotra
- Institute of Sport, Manchester Metropolitan University, Manchester M1 7EL, UK;
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Koskinas KC, Van Craenenbroeck EM, Antoniades C, Blüher M, Gorter TM, Hanssen H, Marx N, McDonagh TA, Mingrone G, Rosengren A, Prescott EB. Obesity and cardiovascular disease: an ESC clinical consensus statement. Eur Heart J 2024; 45:4063-4098. [PMID: 39210706 DOI: 10.1093/eurheartj/ehae508] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/14/2024] [Revised: 07/08/2024] [Accepted: 07/26/2024] [Indexed: 09/04/2024] Open
Abstract
The global prevalence of obesity has more than doubled over the past four decades, currently affecting more than a billion individuals. Beyond its recognition as a high-risk condition that is causally linked to many chronic illnesses, obesity has been declared a disease per se that results in impaired quality of life and reduced life expectancy. Notably, two-thirds of obesity-related excess mortality is attributable to cardiovascular disease. Despite the increasingly appreciated link between obesity and a broad range of cardiovascular disease manifestations including atherosclerotic disease, heart failure, thromboembolic disease, arrhythmias, and sudden cardiac death, obesity has been underrecognized and sub-optimally addressed compared with other modifiable cardiovascular risk factors. In the view of major repercussions of the obesity epidemic on public health, attention has focused on population-based and personalized approaches to prevent excess weight gain and maintain a healthy body weight from early childhood and throughout adult life, as well as on comprehensive weight loss interventions for persons with established obesity. This clinical consensus statement by the European Society of Cardiology discusses current evidence on the epidemiology and aetiology of obesity; the interplay between obesity, cardiovascular risk factors and cardiac conditions; the clinical management of patients with cardiac disease and obesity; and weight loss strategies including lifestyle changes, interventional procedures, and anti-obesity medications with particular focus on their impact on cardiometabolic risk and cardiac outcomes. The document aims to raise awareness on obesity as a major risk factor and provide guidance for implementing evidence-based practices for its prevention and optimal management within the context of primary and secondary cardiovascular disease prevention.
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Affiliation(s)
- Konstantinos C Koskinas
- Department of Cardiology, Bern University Hospital-INSELSPITAL, University of Bern, Freiburgstrasse 18, Bern 3010, Switzerland
| | - Emeline M Van Craenenbroeck
- Department of Cardiology, Antwerp University Hospital, Drie Eikenstraat 655, Antwerp 2650, Belgium
- Research group Cardiovascular Diseases, GENCOR, University of Antwerp, Antwerp, Belgium
| | - Charalambos Antoniades
- Acute Multidisciplinary Imaging and Interventional Centre Radcliffe Department of Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - Matthias Blüher
- Helmholtz Zentrum München at the University of Leipzig and University Hospital Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Thomas M Gorter
- Department of Cardiology, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Henner Hanssen
- Department of Sport, Exercise and Health, University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Nikolaus Marx
- Department of Internal Medicine I-Cardiology, RWTH Aachen University, Aachen, Germany
| | - Theresa A McDonagh
- Cardiology Department, King's College Hospital, London, UK
- King's College, London, UK
| | - Geltrude Mingrone
- Cardiovascular and Metabolic Medicine & Sciences, King's College London, London, UK
- Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario A. Gemelli & Catholic University, Rome, Italy
| | - Annika Rosengren
- Department of Molecular and Clinical Medicine, Institute of Medicine, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
- Sahlgrenska University Hospital/Ostra, Västra Götaland Region, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Eva B Prescott
- Bispebjerg Frederiksberg Hospital, University of Copenhagen, Bispebjerg Bakke 23, Copenhagen 2400, Denmark
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Alves GCG, Amador FLD, dos Santos VR, Moreira RSL. Development and validation of a mobile application prototype for postoperative cardiac surgery. Rev Bras Enferm 2024; 77:e20230491. [PMID: 39383433 PMCID: PMC11458145 DOI: 10.1590/0034-7167-2023-0491] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2024] [Accepted: 06/12/2024] [Indexed: 10/11/2024] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES to develop and validate the content, appearance, and semantics of a prototype application for monitoring patients in the postoperative period of cardiac surgery. METHODS this is a technological development study based on Contextualized Instructional Design. The content and appearance evaluation was conducted by a committee of specialists, and semantic validation was carried out by patients from a cardiac surgery outpatient clinic. RESULTS the application prototype consisted of 43 screens, validated by 17 health specialists, with content validity ratio and appearance validity index results of 0.86 and 0.99, respectively. For semantic validation, 10 patients participated in data collection, with a total content validity index of 0.978. CONCLUSIONS the prototype of the "VivaCor PósOp" application demonstrated evidence of content, appearance, and semantic validity, with the potential to stimulate self-care in patients in the postoperative period of cardiac surgery.
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McEvoy JW, McCarthy CP, Bruno RM, Brouwers S, Canavan MD, Ceconi C, Christodorescu RM, Daskalopoulou SS, Ferro CJ, Gerdts E, Hanssen H, Harris J, Lauder L, McManus RJ, Molloy GJ, Rahimi K, Regitz-Zagrosek V, Rossi GP, Sandset EC, Scheenaerts B, Staessen JA, Uchmanowicz I, Volterrani M, Touyz RM. 2024 ESC Guidelines for the management of elevated blood pressure and hypertension. Eur Heart J 2024; 45:3912-4018. [PMID: 39210715 DOI: 10.1093/eurheartj/ehae178] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/04/2024] Open
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Kunutsor SK, Kurl S, Laukkanen JA. Cardiorespiratory fitness, atrial fibrillation and stroke: a review of the evidence in 2024. Expert Rev Cardiovasc Ther 2024:1-16. [PMID: 39329169 DOI: 10.1080/14779072.2024.2409440] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2024] [Revised: 09/15/2024] [Accepted: 09/23/2024] [Indexed: 09/28/2024]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION The body of evidence linking cardiorespiratory fitness (CRF) levels with the risk of atrial fibrillation (AF) and stroke - two interconnected cardiovascular conditions - is not entirely consistent. Furthermore, specific CRF thresholds beyond which the risk of AF or stroke might not decrease are not well defined. AREAS COVERED This review summarizes research evidence on the role of CRF in the development of AF and stroke including dose-response relationships in general population participants, explores the biological mechanisms through which CRF may exert its effects, assesses the potential implications for clinical care and population health, identifies gaps in the current evidence, and suggest directions for future research. MEDLINE and Embase were searched from inception until July 2024 to identify observational longitudinal and interventional studies as well as systematic reviews and meta-analyses related to these study designs. EXPERT OPINION In the general population, increasing levels of CRF, achieved through consistent physical activity, can significantly reduce the likelihood of developing AF and stroke. The findings also advocate for a tailored approach to exercise prescriptions, acknowledging the plateau in benefits for AF risk beyond certain CRF levels, while advocating for higher intensity or prolonged activity to further reduce stroke risk.
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Affiliation(s)
- Setor K Kunutsor
- Diabetes Research Centre, University of Leicester, Leicester General Hospital, Leicester, UK
- Section of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine, Max Rady College of Medicine, Rady Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Manitoba, Saint Boniface Hospital, Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada
| | - Sudhir Kurl
- Institute of Public Health and Clinical Nutrition, University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio, Finland
- Brain Research Unit, Department of Neurology, School of Medicine, University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio, Finland
- Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio, Finland
| | - Jari A Laukkanen
- Institute of Public Health and Clinical Nutrition, University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio, Finland
- Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio, Finland
- Department of Medicine, Wellbeing Services County of Central Finland, Jyväskylä, Finland
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Binzenhöfer L, Clauss S, Strauß K, Höpler J, Kraft M, Hoffmann S, Brunner S, Tomsits P, Schüttler D, Massberg S, Kääb S, Lüsebrink E. Lifetime cumulative activity burden is associated with symptomatic heart failure and arrhythmic risk in patients with arrhythmogenic right ventricular cardiomyopathy: a retrospective cohort study. Europace 2024; 26:euae236. [PMID: 39305246 PMCID: PMC11481332 DOI: 10.1093/europace/euae236] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/03/2024] [Accepted: 09/10/2024] [Indexed: 10/17/2024] Open
Abstract
AIMS Sports-related physical activity is associated with an increased risk of ventricular dysfunction and arrhythmias in patients with arrhythmogenic right ventricular cardiomyopathy (ARVC). However, there are currently no standardized strategies for activity assessment. Thresholds for harmful levels of physical activity suggested by previous studies vary substantially and neither lifetime activity burden nor continuous modelling approaches were considered. METHODS AND RESULTS For this single-centre retrospective study, ARVC patients were interviewed to assess sports-related and non-sports-related physical activity between the age of 10 years and the last follow-up. Activity data were aggregated to the median metabolic equivalent of task-hours (METh) per week for each year. The association between cumulative physical activity burden and clinical study endpoints was investigated using Cox regression models. A total of 124 patients (median age: 39.5 years, 48% male) were included in the analysis, of whom 93 had been diagnosed with definite ARVC. Study participants reported a median overall activity of 202.3 METh/week, with 38.7 METh/week attributed to sports-related activity. In the continuous model, cumulative overall activity burden was associated with the occurrence of symptomatic heart failure [hazard ratio (HR) per 100 METh/week: 1.017, 95% CI (1.003, 1.032), P = 0.015], sustained ventricular tachycardia [HR: 1.021, 95% CI (1.006, 1.037), P = 0.007], and implantable cardioverter defibrillator interventions [HR: 1.017, 95%CI (1.000, 1.034), P = 0.048]. This finding was consistent when considering sports-related activity separately as a predictor variable, whereas the resulting hazard ratios did not show a significant association for non-sports-related physical activity. CONCLUSION This study demonstrates for the first time that cumulative physical activity as a continuous predictor variable is associated with symptomatic heart failure and arrhythmic risk in ARVC patients. Collaborative research is required in larger cohorts to investigate the influence of potential confounders on event occurrence and to develop threshold recommendations for clinical practice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Leonhard Binzenhöfer
- Department of Medicine I, LMU University Hospital, LMU Munich, Marchioninistraße 15, 81377 Munich, Germany
- DZHK (German Center for Cardiovascular Research), partner site Munich Heart Alliance, Pettenkoferstraße 8a/9, 80336 Munich, Germany
| | - Sebastian Clauss
- Department of Medicine I, LMU University Hospital, LMU Munich, Marchioninistraße 15, 81377 Munich, Germany
- DZHK (German Center for Cardiovascular Research), partner site Munich Heart Alliance, Pettenkoferstraße 8a/9, 80336 Munich, Germany
- Institute of Surgical Research at the Walter-Brendel-Center of Experimental Medicine, LMU University Hospital, Marchioninistraße 68, 81377 Munich, Germany
- Member of the European Reference Network for Rare, Low Prevalence and Complex Diseases of the Heart (ERN GUARD-Heart), LMU Munich, Marchioninistraße 15, 81377 Munich, Germany
- Interfaculty Center for Endocrine and Cardiovascular Disease Network Modelling and Clinical Transfer (ICONLMU), Feodor-Lynen-Straße 19, 81377 Munich, Germany
| | - Katharina Strauß
- Department of Medicine I, LMU University Hospital, LMU Munich, Marchioninistraße 15, 81377 Munich, Germany
| | - Julia Höpler
- Department of Statistics, Institute of Medical Information Processing, Biometry and Epidemiology, LMU Munich, Marchioninistraße 15, 81377 Munich, Germany
| | - Marie Kraft
- Department of Statistics, Institute of Medical Information Processing, Biometry and Epidemiology, LMU Munich, Marchioninistraße 15, 81377 Munich, Germany
| | - Sabine Hoffmann
- Department of Statistics, Institute of Medical Information Processing, Biometry and Epidemiology, LMU Munich, Marchioninistraße 15, 81377 Munich, Germany
| | - Stefan Brunner
- Department of Medicine I, LMU University Hospital, LMU Munich, Marchioninistraße 15, 81377 Munich, Germany
- DZHK (German Center for Cardiovascular Research), partner site Munich Heart Alliance, Pettenkoferstraße 8a/9, 80336 Munich, Germany
- Center for Sports Medicine, LMU University Hospital, Ziemssenstrasse 5, 80336 Munich, Germany
| | - Philipp Tomsits
- Department of Medicine I, LMU University Hospital, LMU Munich, Marchioninistraße 15, 81377 Munich, Germany
- DZHK (German Center for Cardiovascular Research), partner site Munich Heart Alliance, Pettenkoferstraße 8a/9, 80336 Munich, Germany
- Institute of Surgical Research at the Walter-Brendel-Center of Experimental Medicine, LMU University Hospital, Marchioninistraße 68, 81377 Munich, Germany
- Member of the European Reference Network for Rare, Low Prevalence and Complex Diseases of the Heart (ERN GUARD-Heart), LMU Munich, Marchioninistraße 15, 81377 Munich, Germany
| | - Dominik Schüttler
- Department of Medicine I, LMU University Hospital, LMU Munich, Marchioninistraße 15, 81377 Munich, Germany
- DZHK (German Center for Cardiovascular Research), partner site Munich Heart Alliance, Pettenkoferstraße 8a/9, 80336 Munich, Germany
- Institute of Surgical Research at the Walter-Brendel-Center of Experimental Medicine, LMU University Hospital, Marchioninistraße 68, 81377 Munich, Germany
| | - Steffen Massberg
- Department of Medicine I, LMU University Hospital, LMU Munich, Marchioninistraße 15, 81377 Munich, Germany
- DZHK (German Center for Cardiovascular Research), partner site Munich Heart Alliance, Pettenkoferstraße 8a/9, 80336 Munich, Germany
- Interfaculty Center for Endocrine and Cardiovascular Disease Network Modelling and Clinical Transfer (ICONLMU), Feodor-Lynen-Straße 19, 81377 Munich, Germany
| | - Stefan Kääb
- Department of Medicine I, LMU University Hospital, LMU Munich, Marchioninistraße 15, 81377 Munich, Germany
- DZHK (German Center for Cardiovascular Research), partner site Munich Heart Alliance, Pettenkoferstraße 8a/9, 80336 Munich, Germany
- Member of the European Reference Network for Rare, Low Prevalence and Complex Diseases of the Heart (ERN GUARD-Heart), LMU Munich, Marchioninistraße 15, 81377 Munich, Germany
- Interfaculty Center for Endocrine and Cardiovascular Disease Network Modelling and Clinical Transfer (ICONLMU), Feodor-Lynen-Straße 19, 81377 Munich, Germany
| | - Enzo Lüsebrink
- Department of Medicine I, LMU University Hospital, LMU Munich, Marchioninistraße 15, 81377 Munich, Germany
- DZHK (German Center for Cardiovascular Research), partner site Munich Heart Alliance, Pettenkoferstraße 8a/9, 80336 Munich, Germany
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12
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Jouini S, Milleron O, Eliahou L, Jondeau G, Vitiello D. Online Personal Training in Patients With Marfan Syndrome: A Randomized Controlled Study of Its Impact on Quality of Life and Physical Capacity. J Am Heart Assoc 2024; 13:e033024. [PMID: 39291498 DOI: 10.1161/jaha.123.033024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/08/2023] [Accepted: 07/10/2024] [Indexed: 09/19/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Marfan syndrome (MFS) is a genetic disorder affecting the vascular and musculoskeletal systems. Limited knowledge exists regarding the exercise benefits for this population. This study aimed to explore the impact of a structured exercise program on the quality of life (QoL) and physical capabilities of patients with MFS. METHODS AND RESULTS This was a randomized, controlled, parallel-group trial. Patients with MFS were randomized in a 1:1 ratio to either a training group or a control group. The trial included a 3-month online supervised training program. Seventy patients with MFS were compared with healthy subjects. They were randomized into a training group (MFS-T) and a control group (MFS-C). The training consisted of 2 supervised online sessions weekly for 3 months. The primary outcome was QoL, assessed using the Medical Outcomes Study Short-Form 36 questionnaire. Baseline QoL in all dimensions was lower in patients with MFS. Their peak oxygen uptake was 25% lower, and muscle elasticity was diminished compared with healthy subjects. Postintervention, significant improvements were observed in the MFS-T group relative to the MFS-C group: QoL (+20.2±14.3 versus +0.7±0.5), peak oxygen uptake (+34% versus +14%), muscle elasticity index (11.5±8.2 versus +1.2±1.7), reduced blood pressures during isometric squats (systolic -19±30 versus 0±6; diastolic -27±39 versus +2±15), and reduced pulse wave velocity at rest (-1.20±1.89 versus -0.40±1.61) and postexercise (-0.42±0.45 versus +0.08±0.48). The aortic diameter remained stable in both groups (MFS-T-0.19±1.1 versus MFS-C+0.11±0.78). After training, QoL remained lower in MFS-T than in healthy subjects, but peak oxygen uptake, pulse wave velocity at rest, and postexercise were similar to those of healthy subjects. CONCLUSIONS The 3-month online training program significantly enhanced QoL and cardiovascular/muscular metrics in patients with MFS without affecting aortic root diameter, suggesting its potential as part of a management strategy for MFS. REGISTRATION URL: https://www.clinicaltrials.gov; Unique identifier: NCT04553094.
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Affiliation(s)
- Steeve Jouini
- Université Paris Cité, URP 3625-Institut des Sciences du Sport Santé de Paris (I3SP) Paris France
| | - Olivier Milleron
- Centre national de référence pour le syndrome de Marfan et pathologies apparentés Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris, Hôpital Bichat Paris France
- Service de Cardiologie, Centre National de Référence Pour le Syndrome de Marfan et Apparentés AP-HP, Hôpital Bichat Paris France
| | - Ludivine Eliahou
- Centre national de référence pour le syndrome de Marfan et pathologies apparentés Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris, Hôpital Bichat Paris France
- Service de Cardiologie, Centre National de Référence Pour le Syndrome de Marfan et Apparentés AP-HP, Hôpital Bichat Paris France
| | - Guillaume Jondeau
- Centre national de référence pour le syndrome de Marfan et pathologies apparentés Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris, Hôpital Bichat Paris France
- Service de Cardiologie, Centre National de Référence Pour le Syndrome de Marfan et Apparentés AP-HP, Hôpital Bichat Paris France
- Laboratory for Vascular Translational Science Université Paris Cité, INSERM U1148, Hôpital Bichat-Claude-Bernard Paris France
| | - Damien Vitiello
- Université Paris Cité, URP 3625-Institut des Sciences du Sport Santé de Paris (I3SP) Paris France
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13
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Verheyen N, Auer J, Bonaros N, Buchacher T, Dalos D, Grimm M, Mayr A, Rab A, Reinstadler S, Scherr D, Toth GG, Weber T, Zach DK, Zaruba MM, Zimpfer D, Rainer PP, Pölzl G. Austrian consensus statement on the diagnosis and management of hypertrophic cardiomyopathy. Wien Klin Wochenschr 2024; 136:571-597. [PMID: 39352517 PMCID: PMC11445290 DOI: 10.1007/s00508-024-02442-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 08/27/2024] [Indexed: 10/04/2024]
Abstract
Hypertrophic cardiomyopathy (HCM) is the most common inherited heart disease that is characterized by left ventricular hypertrophy unexplained by secondary causes. Based on international epidemiological data, around 20,000-40,000 patients are expected to be affected in Austria. Due to the wide variety of clinical and morphological manifestations the diagnosis can be difficult and the disease therefore often goes unrecognized. HCM is associated with a substantial reduction in quality of life and can lead to sudden cardiac death, especially in younger patients. Early and correct diagnosis, including genetic testing, is essential for comprehensive counselling of patients and their families and for effective treatment. The latter is especially true as an effective treatment of outflow tract obstruction has recently become available in the form of a first in class cardiac myosin ATPase inhibitor, as a noninvasive alternative to established septal reduction therapies. The aim of this Austrian consensus statement is to summarize the recommendations of international guidelines with respect to the genetic background, pathophysiology, diagnostics and management in the context of the Austrian healthcare system and resources, and to present them in easy to understand algorithms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nicolas Verheyen
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine, Medical University of Graz, Auenbruggerplatz 15, 8036, Graz, Austria.
| | - Johannes Auer
- Department of Internal Medicine 1 with Cardiology and Intensive Care, St. Josef Hospital Braunau, Braunau, Austria
- Paracelsus Medical University Salzburg, Salzburg, Austria
| | - Nikolaos Bonaros
- Department of Cardiac Surgery, Medical University of Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Tamara Buchacher
- Department of Internal Medicine and Cardiology, Klinikum Klagenfurt, Klagenfurt, Austria
| | - Daniel Dalos
- Department of Cardiology, University Clinic of Internal Medicine II, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Michael Grimm
- Department of Cardiac Surgery, Medical University of Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Agnes Mayr
- University Clinic of Radiology, Medical University of Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Anna Rab
- Department Internal Medicine I, Kardinal Schwarzenberg Klinikum, Schwarzach, Austria
| | - Sebastian Reinstadler
- Department of Cardiology and Angiology, Medical University Innsbruck, Anichstraße 35, 6020, Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Daniel Scherr
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine, Medical University of Graz, Auenbruggerplatz 15, 8036, Graz, Austria
| | - Gabor G Toth
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine, Medical University of Graz, Auenbruggerplatz 15, 8036, Graz, Austria
| | - Thomas Weber
- Department Innere Medizin II, Cardiology and Intensive Care Medicine, Klinikum Wels-Grieskirchen, Wels, Austria
| | - David K Zach
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine, Medical University of Graz, Auenbruggerplatz 15, 8036, Graz, Austria
| | - Marc-Michael Zaruba
- Department of Cardiology and Angiology, Medical University Innsbruck, Anichstraße 35, 6020, Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Daniel Zimpfer
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine, Medical University of Graz, Auenbruggerplatz 15, 8036, Graz, Austria
- Department of Cardiac Surgery, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Peter P Rainer
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine, Medical University of Graz, Auenbruggerplatz 15, 8036, Graz, Austria
- BioTech Med, Graz, Austria
- Department of Medicine, St. Johann in Tirol General Hospital, St. Johann in Tirol, Austria
| | - Gerhard Pölzl
- Department of Cardiology and Angiology, Medical University Innsbruck, Anichstraße 35, 6020, Innsbruck, Austria.
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14
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Volis I, Zafrir B. Clinical Insights into Physical Activity, Fitness, and Cardiovascular Health. J Clin Med 2024; 13:5865. [PMID: 39407925 PMCID: PMC11478228 DOI: 10.3390/jcm13195865] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/26/2024] [Accepted: 09/30/2024] [Indexed: 10/20/2024] Open
Abstract
A vast amount of data from numerous studies conducted in recent decades consistently show that increased physical activity has a favorable impact on cardiovascular health [...].
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Affiliation(s)
- Ina Volis
- Department of Cardiology, Rambam Health Care Campus, Haifa 3109601, Israel;
| | - Barak Zafrir
- Department of Cardiology, Lady Davis Carmel Medical Center, Haifa 3436212, Israel
- Faculty of Medicine, Technion, Israel Institute of Medicine, Haifa 3525433, Israel
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15
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Konstantinides SV. Shifting Priorities in the Prevention of Venous Thromboembolism: Time to Focus on Overall Cardiovascular Health. Thromb Haemost 2024; 124:958-961. [PMID: 39134035 DOI: 10.1055/s-0044-1788926] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/29/2024]
Affiliation(s)
- Stavros V Konstantinides
- Center for Thrombosis and Hemostasis, University Medical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg University, Mainz, Germany
- Department of Cardiology, Democritus University of Thrace, Alexandroupolis, Greece
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16
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Kogel A, Voßhage N, Behzadi A, Laufs U, Fikenzer S. ASC speck serum concentrations, a component of sterile cellular inflammation, are associated with individual cardiopulmonary capacity. Front Physiol 2024; 15:1394340. [PMID: 39411514 PMCID: PMC11473406 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2024.1394340] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2024] [Accepted: 09/18/2024] [Indexed: 10/19/2024] Open
Abstract
Aims Exercise-induced cellular stress and sterile inflammation are of increasing interest. ASC specks are a component of the intracellular NLRP3-inflammasome and can be released into the blood. For example, serum ASC specks are increased after marathon running. We therefore tested whether ASC specks are potentially associated with the individual response to physical training and cardiopulmonary capacity. Methods We performed a prospective study in 45 healthy athletes. Blood samples were taken before and after cardiopulmonary exercise testing (CPET). ASC speck concentrations were quantitated using flow cytometry. Results Baseline ASC speck levels correlated with clinical parameters of body composition (height, weight, BMI) and parameters of cardiopulmonary performance (peak VO2, peak oxygen pulse, heart rate after exercise). Athletes with lowest baseline ASC speck concentrations have a significantly lower BMI (22.0 ± 1.8 vs. 24.9 ± 1.6 kg/m2), higher heart rate at rest (72 ± 10 vs. 58 ± 10 beats/min), lower peak VO2 (2692 ± 629 vs. 3404 ± 747 mL/min) and lower peak oxygen pulse (15.6 ± 3.4 vs. 20.7 ± 3.5 mL/heart rate). Overall, ASC speck concentrations showed no significant change after CPET (7.0 ± 4.5 vs. 8.0 ± 5.4 ASC specks/µL, p = 0.3). However, subgroup analysis revealed a significant increase in circulating ASC specks in athletes with the lowest baseline values (2.37 ± 0.84 vs. 8.43 ± 7.52 ASC specks/µL, p < 0.05). Athletes with an increase in ASC speck concentrations in response to CPET had a lower peak oxygen pulse compared to those with a decrease (17.1 ± 4.2 vs. 19.8 ± 4.1, p < 0.05). Conclusion Low ASC speck baseline values as well as an increase in response to exercise are associated with lower peak oxygen pulse in healthy athletes.
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17
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Mansfield LK, Reichman JR, Crowley DI, Flyer JN, Freeman K, Gauvreau KK, Mackie SA, Marino BS, Newburger JW, Ziniel SI, Brown DW. Living with Congenital Aortic Stenosis: Exercise Restriction, Patterns of Adherence, and Quality of Life. Pediatr Cardiol 2024; 45:1430-1439. [PMID: 37344559 DOI: 10.1007/s00246-023-03165-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2022] [Accepted: 04/16/2023] [Indexed: 06/23/2023]
Abstract
Modern consensus panel guidelines recommend restriction from most organized sports for patients with moderate or severe aortic stenosis (AS). However, there is little published data on how frequently physicians deviate from guidelines, how well patients adhere to exercise restrictions, or the effect of restriction on patient-reported quality of life. In this study, we surveyed 93 subjects with AS and their cardiologists regarding participation in organized sports, physical activity, weightlifting, and exercise restriction. Subjects completed the pediatric quality of life inventory (PedsQL) and the pediatric cardiac quality of life inventory (PCQLI). We found that subjects with severe AS (n = 3) were commonly, but not universally, restricted from organized sports (n = 2, 66%). Subjects with moderate AS (n = 40) were rarely restricted from organized sports (n = 6, 17%). No physician-specific characteristics were associated with increased likelihood of recommending exercise restriction. Subjects were more likely to be restricted if they were older (16 years vs. 13 years, p 0.02) and had moderate versus mild AS (p 0.013). PCQLI scores for teens and young adults with AS (age 13-25) were lower than a comparison group of patients with mild congenital heart disease. For all age groups, the PedsQL social functioning score was lower for subjects with exercise restriction (p 0.052). In summary, cardiologists apply consensus guidelines leniently when restricting patients with moderate/severe AS from organized sports and weightlifting. Patients with AS routinely adhere to exercise restriction recommendations. Children and young adults with AS and exercise restriction have lower QOL scores in the social functioning domain.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laura K Mansfield
- Department of Cardiology, Department of Pediatrics, Boston Children's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, 300 Longwood Ave, Boston, MA, 02115, USA.
| | - Jeffrey R Reichman
- Department of Cardiology, Department of Pediatrics, Boston Children's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, 300 Longwood Ave, Boston, MA, 02115, USA
| | - David I Crowley
- Department of Pediatrics, Dartmouth-Hitchcock Medical Center, Geisel School of Medicine at Dartmouth, Lebanon, NH, USA
| | - Jonathan N Flyer
- Division of Pediatric Cardiology, Department of Pediatrics, The Robert Larner, M.D. College of Medicine, The University of Vermont, Burlington, VT, USA
| | - Kaitlyn Freeman
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Kimberlee K Gauvreau
- Department of Cardiology, Department of Pediatrics, Boston Children's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, 300 Longwood Ave, Boston, MA, 02115, USA
| | - Stewart A Mackie
- Division of Pediatric Cardiology Department of Pediatrics and Medical Social Sciences Department of PediatricsBaystate Medical Center, University of Massachusetts Medical School, Springfield, MA, USA
| | - Bradley S Marino
- Divisions of Cardiology and Critical Care Medicine, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Ann and Robert H. Lurie Children's Hospital of Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Jane W Newburger
- Department of Cardiology, Department of Pediatrics, Boston Children's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, 300 Longwood Ave, Boston, MA, 02115, USA
| | - Sonja I Ziniel
- Department of Pediatrics, Children's Hospital Colorado, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Aurora, CO, USA
| | - David W Brown
- Department of Cardiology, Department of Pediatrics, Boston Children's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, 300 Longwood Ave, Boston, MA, 02115, USA
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18
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Dores H, Antunes M, Caldeira D, Pereira HV. Cardiovascular benefits of resistance exercise: It's time to prescribe. Rev Port Cardiol 2024; 43:573-582. [PMID: 38703948 DOI: 10.1016/j.repc.2024.02.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2023] [Revised: 01/16/2024] [Accepted: 02/06/2024] [Indexed: 05/06/2024] Open
Abstract
Despite the well-known health benefits of regular physical activity, sedentary behavior and physical inactivity remain a real global pandemic. Exercise is associated with increased life expectancy, improved quality of life and prevention of multiple diseases. Although less implemented in practice compared to aerobic exercise, recent evidence shows that resistance exercise (RE) is also responsible for various benefits, including improvements in body composition, control of several cardiovascular (CV) risk factors, and reduction of CV outcomes. RE increases strength and muscle mass, is effective in controlling type 2 diabetes, and improves the management of obesity, lipids, and blood pressure profiles. In this setting, clinical guidelines recommend the inclusion of RE for primary and secondary CV risk prevention, particularly in combination with aerobic exercise, in which the benefits are most pronounced. Prescription of RE should follow a methodology that includes key variables such as frequency, intensity, type, time, and progression. Despite challenges, professionals in the CV field should be familiar with RE prescription in order to maximize its referral in clinical practice. This review aims to analyze the CV effects of RE and current recommendations regarding the prescription of this type of exercise.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hélder Dores
- Hospital da Luz, Lisbon, Portugal; CHRC, NOVA Medical School, Lisbon, Portugal; NOVA Medical School, Lisbon, Portugal.
| | | | - Daniel Caldeira
- Centro de Estudos de Medicina Baseada na Evidência (CEMBE), Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de Lisboa, Lisbon, Portugal; Centro Cardiovascular da Universidade de Lisboa - CCUL, CAML, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de Lisboa, Lisbon, Portugal; Serviço de Cardiologia, Hospital de Santa Maria - CHULN, Lisbon, Portugal; Laboratory of Clinical Pharmacology and Therapeutics, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de Lisboa, Lisbon, Portugal
| | - Hugo V Pereira
- Hospital da Luz, Lisbon, Portugal; CIDEFES, Universidade Lusófona, Lisbon, Portugal
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19
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Keller K, Friedrich O, Treiber J, Quermann A, Friedmann-Bette B. Iron deficiency in athletes: Prevalence and impact on VO 2 peak. Nutrition 2024; 126:112516. [PMID: 39002373 DOI: 10.1016/j.nut.2024.112516] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/12/2024] [Revised: 06/04/2024] [Accepted: 06/06/2024] [Indexed: 07/15/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Iron is an important micronutrient in pathways of energy production, adequate nutrient intake and its balance is essential for optimal athletic performance. However, large studies elucidating the impact of iron deficiency on athletes' performance are sparse. METHODS Competitive athletes of any age who presented for preparticipation screening 04/2020-10/2021 were included in this study and stratified for iron deficiency (defined as ferritin level <20 µg/l with and without mild anemia [hemoglobin levels ≥11 g/dl]). Athletes with and without iron deficiency were compared and the impact of iron deficiency on athletic performance was investigated. RESULTS Overall, 1190 athletes (mean age 21.9 ± 11.6 years; 34.2% females) were included in this study. Among these, 19.7% had iron deficiency. Patients with iron deficiency were younger (18.1 ± 8.4 vs. 22.8 ± 12.1 years, P < 0.001), more often females (64.5% vs. 26.8%, P < 0.001), had lower VO2 peak value (43.4 [38.5/47.5] vs. 45.6 [39.1/50.6]ml/min/kg, P = 0.022) and lower proportion of athletes reaching VO2 peak of >50 ml/min/kg (8.5% vs. 16.1%, P = 0.003). Female sex (OR 4.35 [95% CI 3.13-5.88], P > 0.001) was independently associated with increased risk for iron deficiency. In contrast, the risk for iron deficiency decreased by every life year (OR 0.97 [95% CI 0.95-0.99], P = 0.003). Iron deficiency was independently associated with reduced VO2 peak (OR 0.94 [0.91-0.97], P < 0.001) and lower probability to reach VO2 peak >50 ml/min/kg (OR 0.42 [95% CI 0.25-0.69], P = 0.001). CONCLUSIONS Iron deficiency is common in athletes (predominantly in female and in young athletes). Iron deficiency was independently associated with reduced VO2 peak during exercise testing and lower probability to reach a VO2 peak >50 ml/min/kg.
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Affiliation(s)
- Karsten Keller
- Department of Sports Medicine, Medical Clinic VII, University Hospital Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany; Department of Cardiology, University Medical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg-University Mainz, Mainz, Germany; Center for Thrombosis and Hemostasis (CTH), University Medical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg-University Mainz, Mainz, Germany.
| | - Oliver Friedrich
- Department of Sports Medicine, Medical Clinic VII, University Hospital Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Julia Treiber
- Department of Sports Medicine, Medical Clinic VII, University Hospital Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Anne Quermann
- Department of Sports Medicine, Medical Clinic VII, University Hospital Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Birgit Friedmann-Bette
- Department of Sports Medicine, Medical Clinic VII, University Hospital Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany
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20
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Lampert R, Chung EH, Ackerman MJ, Arroyo AR, Darden D, Deo R, Dolan J, Etheridge SP, Gray BR, Harmon KG, James CA, Kim JH, Krahn AD, La Gerche A, Link MS, MacIntyre C, Mont L, Salerno JC, Shah MJ. 2024 HRS expert consensus statement on arrhythmias in the athlete: Evaluation, treatment, and return to play. Heart Rhythm 2024; 21:e151-e252. [PMID: 38763377 DOI: 10.1016/j.hrthm.2024.05.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2024] [Accepted: 05/09/2024] [Indexed: 05/21/2024]
Abstract
Youth and adult participation in sports continues to increase, and athletes may be diagnosed with potentially arrhythmogenic cardiac conditions. This international multidisciplinary document is intended to guide electrophysiologists, sports cardiologists, and associated health care team members in the diagnosis, treatment, and management of arrhythmic conditions in the athlete with the goal of facilitating return to sport and avoiding the harm caused by restriction. Expert, disease-specific risk assessment in the context of athlete symptoms and diagnoses is emphasized throughout the document. After appropriate risk assessment, management of arrhythmias geared toward return to play when possible is addressed. Other topics include shared decision-making and emergency action planning. The goal of this document is to provide evidence-based recommendations impacting all areas in the care of athletes with arrhythmic conditions. Areas in need of further study are also discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rachel Lampert
- Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut
| | - Eugene H Chung
- Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
| | | | | | | | - Rajat Deo
- University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
| | - Joe Dolan
- University of Utah, Salt Lake City, Utah
| | | | - Belinda R Gray
- University of Sydney, Camperdown, New South Wales, Australia
| | | | | | | | - Andrew D Krahn
- University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Andre La Gerche
- Baker Heart & Diabetes Institute, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Mark S Link
- UT Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, Texas
| | | | - Lluis Mont
- Hospital Clínic, Universitat de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Jack C Salerno
- University of Washington School of Medicine, Seattle, Washington
| | - Maully J Shah
- Childrens Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
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21
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Allwood RP. Apicolateral bulge: A potential mimic of arrhythmogenic right ventricular cardiomyopathy in a professional athlete-A case report and literature review. JOURNAL OF CLINICAL ULTRASOUND : JCU 2024; 52:1226-1234. [PMID: 39021260 DOI: 10.1002/jcu.23761] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/16/2024] [Accepted: 06/26/2024] [Indexed: 07/20/2024]
Abstract
Soccer is the most popular sport in the world, with over 265 million active players and approximately 0.05% professional players worldwide. The Fédération Internationale de Football Association (FIFA) has made preparticipation screening recommendations which involve electrocardiography and echocardiography being performed prior to international competition. The aim of preparticipation cardiovascular screening in young athletes is to detect asymptomatic individuals with cardiovascular disease at risk of sudden cardiac death (SCD). The incidence of SCD in young athletes (age≤ 35 years) is 0.6-3.6 in 100,000 persons/year, with most deaths due to cardiovascular causes. Arrhythmogenic right ventricular cardiomyopathy (ARVC) is one of the leading causes of SCD in young athletes. It is a genetic disease characterized by progressive fibrofatty replacement of the myocardium with variable phenotypic expression. Exercise-induced cardiac remodeling in conjunction with extensive T-wave inversion raises concern for ARVC. This case report and literature review explores a potential mimic for ARVC, the role of cardiovascular screening in sport, and the use of a multimodality approach for risk stratification and management.
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Affiliation(s)
- Richard P Allwood
- Cardiology Department, Baker Heart and Diabetes Institute, Melbourne, Australia
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22
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Gray B, Ackerman MJ, Link MS, Lampert R. Vigorous exercise and sports participation in individuals with hypertrophic cardiomyopathy. Trends Cardiovasc Med 2024:S1050-1738(24)00091-4. [PMID: 39357663 DOI: 10.1016/j.tcm.2024.09.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/09/2024] [Revised: 09/18/2024] [Accepted: 09/26/2024] [Indexed: 10/04/2024]
Abstract
Historically, individuals with HCM have been restricted from vigorous competitive sports due to concerns for risk of sudden death. More recently, prospective data are emerging that individuals with HCM who participate in vigorous sports do not have increased arrhythmic risk compared to the less active, and series of athletes with HCM continuing to compete, while small, have not shown high risk. Guidelines are evolving, and while differences exist, all now recommend an individualized approach and shared decision-making for athletes with HCM wishing to return to play.
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Affiliation(s)
- Belinda Gray
- Department of Cardiology, Royal Prince Alfred Hospital; Faculty of Medicine and Health University of Sydney; Centre for Cardiovascular Research, Centenary Institute, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Michael J Ackerman
- Mayo Clinic, Departments of Cardiovascular Medicine, Pediatric and Adolescent Medicine, and Molecular Pharmacology & Experimental Therapeutics; Divisions of Heart Rhythm Services and Pediatric Cardiology, Windland Smith Rice Genetic Heart Rhythm Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA
| | - Mark S Link
- UTSouthwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, USA
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23
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Mazzolai L, Teixido-Tura G, Lanzi S, Boc V, Bossone E, Brodmann M, Bura-Rivière A, De Backer J, Deglise S, Della Corte A, Heiss C, Kałużna-Oleksy M, Kurpas D, McEniery CM, Mirault T, Pasquet AA, Pitcher A, Schaubroeck HAI, Schlager O, Sirnes PA, Sprynger MG, Stabile E, Steinbach F, Thielmann M, van Kimmenade RRJ, Venermo M, Rodriguez-Palomares JF. 2024 ESC Guidelines for the management of peripheral arterial and aortic diseases. Eur Heart J 2024; 45:3538-3700. [PMID: 39210722 DOI: 10.1093/eurheartj/ehae179] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/04/2024] Open
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24
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Kambič T, Feuerstein A, Tran PT, Friede T, Edelmann F, Lainscak M. Exercise training in left ventricular assist device patients: Protocol of an individual participant data meta-analysis. ESC Heart Fail 2024. [PMID: 39319630 DOI: 10.1002/ehf2.15063] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/20/2024] [Revised: 08/01/2024] [Accepted: 08/21/2024] [Indexed: 09/26/2024] Open
Abstract
AIMS Although left ventricular assist device (LVAD) implantation improves prognosis of advanced heart failure patients still suffer from impaired exercise capacity and quality of life (QoL). Exercise training may improve both; however, the available evidence about exercise training effects in LVAD patients remains inconclusive due to small and monocentric randomized controlled trials. This study aims to aggregate the individual participant data (IPD) to perform meta-analysis on the safety and efficacy of exercise training on exercise capacity and QoL over standard care in LVAD patients. METHODS Randomized controlled trials comparing exercise training and standard care (no supervised training) will be identified through database searching. Corresponding authors of eligible randomized controlled trials will be invited to share IPD. All IPD will be checked, recalculated to validate findings in initial reports, merged in a single dataset and stored in a secured encrypted database server. The merged IPD will be screened for quality, risk of bias, and heterogeneity of the included trials. Random effects meta-analyses will be conducted using one-stage and two-stage approaches, in particular with a view to subgroup analyses. RESULTS Based on findings of the individual randomized trials, we expected to obtain superior effects of exercise training on submaximal exercise capacity and QoL and similar effects on maximal aerobic capacity when compared with standard care. CONCLUSIONS Our study will be the first to harmonize IPD in meta-analysis to demonstrate the effects of exercise training on exercise performance and QoL over standard care in LVAD patients. PROSPERO REGISTRATION NUMBER CRD42023480119.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tim Kambič
- Faculty of Sport, University of Ljubljana, Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - Anna Feuerstein
- Department of Cardiology, Angiology and Intensive Care Medicine, Deutsches Herzzentrum der Charité (DHZC)-Medical Heart Centre of Charité and German Heart Institute Berlin, Berlin, Germany
- Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin and Humboldt Universität zu Berlin, Berlin, Germany
- Department of Medical Statistics, University Medical Center Göttingen, Göttingen, Germany
| | - Phuc Thien Tran
- Department of Medical Statistics, University of Göttingen Medical Centre, Göttingen, Germany
| | - Tim Friede
- Department of Medical Statistics, University of Göttingen Medical Centre, Göttingen, Germany
- DZHK (German Centre for Cardiovascular Research), Partner Site Göttingen, Göttingen, Germany
| | - Frank Edelmann
- Department of Cardiology, Angiology and Intensive Care Medicine, Deutsches Herzzentrum der Charité (DHZC)-Medical Heart Centre of Charité and German Heart Institute Berlin, Berlin, Germany
- Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin and Humboldt Universität zu Berlin, Berlin, Germany
- Department of Medical Statistics, University Medical Center Göttingen, Göttingen, Germany
| | - Mitja Lainscak
- Division of Cardiology, General Hospital Murska Sobota, Murska Sobota, Slovenia
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Ljubljana, Ljubljana, Slovenia
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25
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Segreti A, Fossati C, Monticelli LM, Valente D, Polito D, Guerra E, Zampoli A, Albimonti G, Zampogna B, Vasta S, Papalia R, Antonelli Incalzi R, Pigozzi F, Grigioni F. Changes in Cardiopulmonary Capacity Parameters after Surgery: A Pilot Study Exploring the Link between Heart Function and Knee Surgery. J Funct Morphol Kinesiol 2024; 9:172. [PMID: 39330256 PMCID: PMC11432772 DOI: 10.3390/jfmk9030172] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2024] [Revised: 09/06/2024] [Accepted: 09/15/2024] [Indexed: 09/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Background: A knee injury in an athlete leads to periods of forced exercise interruption. Myocardial work (MW) assessed by echocardiographic and cardiopulmonary exercise testing (CPET) are two essential methods for evaluating athletes during the period following injury. However, compared to pre-surgery evaluations, the variations in cardiovascular parameters and functional capacity assessed by these methods after surgery remain unclear. Methods: We evaluated 22 non-professional athletes aged 18-52, involved in prevalently aerobic or alternate aerobic/anaerobic sports activities, who were affected by a knee pathology requiring surgical treatment. The evaluation was performed at rest using transthoracic echocardiography, including MW assessment, and during exercise using CPET. Each athlete underwent the following two evaluations: the first before surgery and the second after surgery (specifically at the end of the deconditioning period). Results: Resting heart rate (HR) increased significantly (from 63.3 ± 10.85 to 71.2 ± 12.52 beats per minute, p = 0.041), while resting diastolic and systolic blood pressure, forced vital capacity, and forced expiratory volume in the first second did not show significant changes. Regarding the echocardiographic data, global longitudinal strain decreased from -18.9 ± 1.8 to -19.3 ± 1.75; however, this reduction was not statistically significant (p = 0.161). However, the global work efficiency (GWE) increased significantly (from 93.0% ± 2.9 to 94.8% ± 2.6, p = 0.006) and global wasted work (GWW) reduced significantly (from 141.4 ± 74.07 to 98.0 ± 50.9, p = 0.007). Additionally, the patients were able to perform maximal CPET at both pre- and post-surgery evaluations, as demonstrated by the peak respiratory exchange ratio and HR. However, the improved myocardial contractility (increased GWE and decreased GWW) observed at rest did not translate into significant changes in exercise parameters, such as peak oxygen consumption and the mean ventilation/carbon dioxide slope. Conclusions: After surgery, the athletes were more deconditioned (as indicated by a higher resting HR) but exhibited better resting myocardial contractility (increased GWE and reduced GWW). Interestingly, no significant changes in exercise capacity parameters, as evaluated by CPET, were found after surgery, suggesting that the improved myocardial contractility was offset by a greater degree of muscular deconditioning.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrea Segreti
- Cardiology Unit, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario Campus Bio-Medico, Via Alvaro del Portillo, 200-00128 Roma, Italy
- Research Unit of Cardiovascular Science, Department of Medicine and Surgery, Università Campus Bio-Medico di Roma, Via Alvaro del Portillo, 21-00128 Roma, Italy
- Department of Movement, Human and Health Sciences, University of Rome "Foro Italico", Piazza Lauro de Bosis, 15-00135 Roma, Italy
| | - Chiara Fossati
- Department of Movement, Human and Health Sciences, University of Rome "Foro Italico", Piazza Lauro de Bosis, 15-00135 Roma, Italy
| | - Luigi Maria Monticelli
- Cardiology Unit, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario Campus Bio-Medico, Via Alvaro del Portillo, 200-00128 Roma, Italy
- Research Unit of Cardiovascular Science, Department of Medicine and Surgery, Università Campus Bio-Medico di Roma, Via Alvaro del Portillo, 21-00128 Roma, Italy
| | - Daniele Valente
- Cardiology Unit, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario Campus Bio-Medico, Via Alvaro del Portillo, 200-00128 Roma, Italy
- Research Unit of Cardiovascular Science, Department of Medicine and Surgery, Università Campus Bio-Medico di Roma, Via Alvaro del Portillo, 21-00128 Roma, Italy
| | - Dajana Polito
- Cardiology Unit, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario Campus Bio-Medico, Via Alvaro del Portillo, 200-00128 Roma, Italy
- Research Unit of Cardiovascular Science, Department of Medicine and Surgery, Università Campus Bio-Medico di Roma, Via Alvaro del Portillo, 21-00128 Roma, Italy
| | - Emiliano Guerra
- Cardiology Division, Department of Biomedical, Metabolic and Neural Sciences, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Policlinico di Modena, Via del Pozzo, 71-41124 Modena, Italy
| | - Andrea Zampoli
- Research Unit of Orthopaedic and Trauma Surgery, Department of Medicine and Surgery, Università Campus Bio-Medico di Roma, Via Alvaro del Portillo, 21-00128 Roma, Italy
- Research Unit of Orthopaedic and Trauma Surgery, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario Campus Bio-Medico, Via Alvaro del Portillo, 200-00128 Roma, Italy
| | - Giorgio Albimonti
- Research Unit of Orthopaedic and Trauma Surgery, Department of Medicine and Surgery, Università Campus Bio-Medico di Roma, Via Alvaro del Portillo, 21-00128 Roma, Italy
- Research Unit of Orthopaedic and Trauma Surgery, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario Campus Bio-Medico, Via Alvaro del Portillo, 200-00128 Roma, Italy
| | - Biagio Zampogna
- Research Unit of Orthopaedic and Trauma Surgery, Department of Medicine and Surgery, Università Campus Bio-Medico di Roma, Via Alvaro del Portillo, 21-00128 Roma, Italy
- Research Unit of Orthopaedic and Trauma Surgery, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario Campus Bio-Medico, Via Alvaro del Portillo, 200-00128 Roma, Italy
| | - Sebastiano Vasta
- Department of Movement, Human and Health Sciences, University of Rome "Foro Italico", Piazza Lauro de Bosis, 15-00135 Roma, Italy
- Research Unit of Orthopaedic and Trauma Surgery, Department of Medicine and Surgery, Università Campus Bio-Medico di Roma, Via Alvaro del Portillo, 21-00128 Roma, Italy
- Research Unit of Orthopaedic and Trauma Surgery, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario Campus Bio-Medico, Via Alvaro del Portillo, 200-00128 Roma, Italy
| | - Rocco Papalia
- Research Unit of Orthopaedic and Trauma Surgery, Department of Medicine and Surgery, Università Campus Bio-Medico di Roma, Via Alvaro del Portillo, 21-00128 Roma, Italy
- Research Unit of Orthopaedic and Trauma Surgery, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario Campus Bio-Medico, Via Alvaro del Portillo, 200-00128 Roma, Italy
| | - Raffaele Antonelli Incalzi
- Research Unit of Geriatrics, Department of Medicine and Surgery, Università Campus Bio-Medico di Roma, Via Alvaro del Portillo, 21-00128 Roma, Italy
- Operative Research Unit of Internal Medicine, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario Campus Bio-Medico, Via Alvaro del Portillo, 200-00128 Roma, Italy
| | - Fabio Pigozzi
- Department of Movement, Human and Health Sciences, University of Rome "Foro Italico", Piazza Lauro de Bosis, 15-00135 Roma, Italy
| | - Francesco Grigioni
- Cardiology Unit, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario Campus Bio-Medico, Via Alvaro del Portillo, 200-00128 Roma, Italy
- Research Unit of Cardiovascular Science, Department of Medicine and Surgery, Università Campus Bio-Medico di Roma, Via Alvaro del Portillo, 21-00128 Roma, Italy
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Ntalianis E, Cauwenberghs N, Sabovčik F, Santana E, Haddad F, Claes J, Michielsen M, Claessen G, Budts W, Goetschalckx K, Cornelissen V, Kuznetsova T. Improving cardiovascular risk stratification through multivariate time-series analysis of cardiopulmonary exercise test data. iScience 2024; 27:110792. [PMID: 39286486 PMCID: PMC11403400 DOI: 10.1016/j.isci.2024.110792] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/22/2024] [Revised: 07/19/2024] [Accepted: 08/19/2024] [Indexed: 09/19/2024] Open
Abstract
Nowadays cardiorespiratory fitness (CRF) is assessed using summary indexes of cardiopulmonary exercise tests (CPETs). Yet, raw time-series CPET recordings may hold additional information with clinical relevance. Therefore, we investigated whether analysis of raw CPET data using dynamic time warping combined with k-medoids could identify distinct CRF phenogroups and improve cardiovascular (CV) risk stratification. CPET recordings from 1,399 participants (mean age, 56.4 years; 37.7% women) were separated into 5 groups with distinct patterns. Cluster 5 was associated with the worst CV profile with higher use of antihypertensive medication and a history of CV disease, while cluster 1 represented the most favorable CV profile. Clusters 4 (hazard ratio: 1.30; p = 0.033) and 5 (hazard ratio: 1.36; p = 0.0088) had a significantly higher risk of incident adverse events compared to clusters 1 and 2. The model evaluation in the external validation cohort revealed similar patterns. Therefore, an integrative CRF profiling might facilitate CV risk stratification and management.
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Affiliation(s)
- Evangelos Ntalianis
- Research Unit Hypertension and Cardiovascular Epidemiology, KU Leuven Department of Cardiovascular Sciences, University of Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Nicholas Cauwenberghs
- Research Unit Hypertension and Cardiovascular Epidemiology, KU Leuven Department of Cardiovascular Sciences, University of Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - František Sabovčik
- Research Unit Hypertension and Cardiovascular Epidemiology, KU Leuven Department of Cardiovascular Sciences, University of Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Everton Santana
- Research Unit Hypertension and Cardiovascular Epidemiology, KU Leuven Department of Cardiovascular Sciences, University of Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
- Stanford Cardiovascular Institute and Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Francois Haddad
- Stanford Cardiovascular Institute and Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Jomme Claes
- Rehabilitation in Internal Disorders, KU Leuven Department of Rehabilitation Sciences, University of Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Matthijs Michielsen
- Rehabilitation in Internal Disorders, KU Leuven Department of Rehabilitation Sciences, University of Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Guido Claessen
- Department of Cardiology, Hartcentrum, Virga Jessa Hospital, Hasselt, Belgium
- Faculty of Medicine and Life Sciences, Hasselt University, Hasselt, Belgium
| | - Werner Budts
- Cardiology, KU Leuven Department of Cardiovascular Sciences, University of Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Kaatje Goetschalckx
- Cardiology, KU Leuven Department of Cardiovascular Sciences, University of Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Véronique Cornelissen
- Rehabilitation in Internal Disorders, KU Leuven Department of Rehabilitation Sciences, University of Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Tatiana Kuznetsova
- Research Unit Hypertension and Cardiovascular Epidemiology, KU Leuven Department of Cardiovascular Sciences, University of Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
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Gasperetti A, Schiavone M, Vogler J, Compagnucci P, Laredo M, Breitenstein A, Gulletta S, Martinek M, Kaiser L, Lavalle C, Gaine S, Santini L, Dello Russo A, Palmisano P, Rovaris G, Curnis A, Ventrella N, Kuschyk J, Biffi M, Tilz R, Di Biase L, Tondo C, Forleo GB. Long-Term Performance of Subcutaneous Implantable Defibrillators in Athletes: A Multicenter, Real-World Analysis of Sport Activities from the iSUSI Registry. Heart Rhythm 2024:S1547-5271(24)03367-8. [PMID: 39307379 DOI: 10.1016/j.hrthm.2024.09.039] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/29/2024] [Revised: 09/01/2024] [Accepted: 09/09/2024] [Indexed: 10/09/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND No data regarding subcutaneous-implantable cardioverter defibrillator (S-ICD) technology in patients actively engaging in sports activities are available. OBJECTIVE This study aims to compare S-ICD performance between athletes and nonathletes. METHODS The primary outcome of the study was the comparison of overall device-related complications between athletes and nonathletes. Appropriate shocks, inappropriate shocks, and individual device-related complications were secondary outcomes. RESULTS A total of 1493 patients were extracted from the International Subcutaneous Implantable Cardioverter Defibrillator Registry (iSUSI) registry, of whom 152 (10.2%) were athletes, mostly engaging in dynamic sports (54.2%). Brugada syndrome, myocarditis, and arrhythmogenic right ventricular cardiomyopathy (ARVC) were more common in athletes (11.2% vs 3.3%, P < .001; 19.1% vs 9.0%, P < .001; 8.6% vs 2.8%, P < .001, respectively). During a median follow-up time of 25.5 (12.0-41.2) months, athletes were more likely to experience appropriate shocks (yearly rate: 7.2 [4.9-10.7] % vs 4.3 [3.6-5.1] %, P = .028), occurring more frequently during exercise (3.9% vs 0.6%, P < .001). This finding lost significance when adjusting for confounders (adjusted hazard ratio [aHR] 1.440 [0.909-2.281], P = .120). No differences were found in overall device-related complications (yearly rate: 3.3% vs 3.4%, P = .448) and inappropriate shocks (yearly rate: 5.3% vs 3.7%, P = 0.111). Myopotential oversensing (4.0% vs 1.3%, P = .011) was more common in athletes, as were lead infections (3.3% vs 0.9%, P =.008), with the latter clustering in the early postimplantation period. CONCLUSION The S-ICD is a valid therapeutic option for preventing sudden cardiac death in athletes. Sports practice was not associated with an increased risk of complications or inappropriate shocks, although athletes are exposed to a higher risk of S-ICD infections in the early postoperative period.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alessio Gasperetti
- Department of Cardiology, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland, USA.
| | - Marco Schiavone
- Department of Clinical Electrophysiology & Cardiac Pacing, Centro Cardiologico Monzino, IRCCS, Milan, Italy
| | - Julia Vogler
- Department of Rhythmology, University Heart Center Lübeck, Lubeck, Germany
| | - Paolo Compagnucci
- Cardiology and Arrhythmology Clinic, University Hospital "Ospedali Riuniti", Ancona, Italy
| | - Mikael Laredo
- Institut de Cardiologie, Groupe Hospitalier Pitié-Salpêtrière and Sorbonne Université, Paris, France
| | | | - Simone Gulletta
- Arrhythmology and Electrophysiology Unit, San Raffaele Hospital, IRCCS, Milan, Italy
| | - Martin Martinek
- Ordensklinikum Linz Elisabethinen Internal Medicine 2 with Cardiology, Angiology, and Intensive Care Medicine, Linz, Austria
| | - Lukas Kaiser
- Department of Cardiology and Critical Care Medicine, St George Klinik Asklepios, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Carlo Lavalle
- Department of Cardiology, Policlinico Umberto I, Rome, Italy
| | - Sean Gaine
- Department of Cardiology, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
| | - Luca Santini
- Cardiology Unit, Ospedale G.B. Grassi, Ostia, Rome, Italy
| | - Antonio Dello Russo
- Cardiology and Arrhythmology Clinic, University Hospital "Ospedali Riuniti", Ancona, Italy
| | | | - Giovanni Rovaris
- Cardiology Unit, Fondazione IRCCS San Gerardo dei Tintori, Monza, Italy
| | | | | | - Jürgen Kuschyk
- Cardiology Unit, University Medical Centre Mannheim, Manheim, Germany
| | - Mauro Biffi
- Cardiology Unit, IRCCS, Department of Experimental, Diagnostic and Specialty Medicine, Sant'Orsola Hospital, University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy
| | - Roland Tilz
- Department of Rhythmology, University Heart Center Lübeck, Lubeck, Germany
| | - Luigi Di Biase
- Cardiac Arrhythmia Center, Division of Cardiology at Montefiore-Einstein Center, Bronx, New York, USA
| | - Claudio Tondo
- Department of Clinical Electrophysiology & Cardiac Pacing, Centro Cardiologico Monzino, IRCCS, Milan, Italy; Department of Biomedical, Surgical and Dental Sciences, University of Milan, Milan, Italy
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28
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Fahy L, Paratz E, Rowe S, Anand D, La Gerche A. Physiological Insights From Asymptomatic Severe Valvular Disease in a Highly Trained Athlete. JACC Case Rep 2024; 29:102551. [PMID: 39359980 PMCID: PMC11442258 DOI: 10.1016/j.jaccas.2024.102551] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2024] [Revised: 06/24/2024] [Accepted: 06/27/2024] [Indexed: 10/04/2024]
Abstract
Parameters relied on as tools for prognostication in valvular disease can be confounded by athletic physiological remodeling. This case describes how cardiopulmonary exercise testing and multimodality imaging may be helpful in assessment of a 46-year-old female athlete with bicuspid aortic valve and subaortic membrane with associated asymptomatic severe mixed aortic valve disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Louise Fahy
- Heart Exercise and Research Trials (HEART) Lab, St Vincent’s Institute of Medical Research, Fitzroy, Victoria, Australia
- Department of Cardiology, St Vincent’s Hospital Melbourne, Fitzroy, Victoria, Australia
- Faculty of Medicine, Dentistry and Health Sciences, Melbourne University, Parkville, Victoria, Australia
| | - Elizabeth Paratz
- Heart Exercise and Research Trials (HEART) Lab, St Vincent’s Institute of Medical Research, Fitzroy, Victoria, Australia
- Department of Cardiology, St Vincent’s Hospital Melbourne, Fitzroy, Victoria, Australia
- Faculty of Medicine, Dentistry and Health Sciences, Melbourne University, Parkville, Victoria, Australia
| | - Stephanie Rowe
- Heart Exercise and Research Trials (HEART) Lab, St Vincent’s Institute of Medical Research, Fitzroy, Victoria, Australia
- Department of Cardiology, St Vincent’s Hospital Melbourne, Fitzroy, Victoria, Australia
- Faculty of Medicine, Dentistry and Health Sciences, Melbourne University, Parkville, Victoria, Australia
| | - Dharmesh Anand
- Department of Cardiology, Townsville University Hospital, Douglas, Queensland, Australia
| | - Andre La Gerche
- Heart Exercise and Research Trials (HEART) Lab, St Vincent’s Institute of Medical Research, Fitzroy, Victoria, Australia
- Department of Cardiology, St Vincent’s Hospital Melbourne, Fitzroy, Victoria, Australia
- Faculty of Medicine, Dentistry and Health Sciences, Melbourne University, Parkville, Victoria, Australia
- HEART Lab, Victor Chang Cardiovascular Research Institute, Darlinghurst, New South Wales, Australia
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Buckley BJR, Long L, Risom SS, Lane DA, Berg SK, Gluud C, Palm P, Sibilitz KL, Svendsen JH, Zwisler AD, Lip GYH, Neubeck L, Taylor RS. Exercise-based cardiac rehabilitation for adults with atrial fibrillation. Cochrane Database Syst Rev 2024; 9:CD011197. [PMID: 39287086 PMCID: PMC11406592 DOI: 10.1002/14651858.cd011197.pub3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/19/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Atrial fibrillation (AF), the most prevalent cardiac arrhythmia, disrupts the heart's rhythm through numerous small re-entry circuits in the atrial tissue, leading to irregular atrial contractions. The condition poses significant health risks, including increased stroke risk, heart failure, and reduced quality of life. Given the complexity of AF and its growing incidence globally, exercise-based cardiac rehabilitation (ExCR) may provide additional benefits for people with AF or those undergoing routine treatment for the condition. OBJECTIVES To assess the benefits and harms of ExCR compared with non-exercise controls for people who currently have AF or who have been treated for AF. SEARCH METHODS We searched the following electronic databases: CENTRAL in the Cochrane Library, MEDLINE Ovid, Embase Ovid, PsycINFO Ovid, Web of Science Core Collection Thomson Reuters, CINAHL EBSCO, LILACS BIREME, and two clinical trial registers on 24 March 2024. We imposed no language restrictions. SELECTION CRITERIA We included randomised clinical trials (RCTs) that investigated ExCR interventions compared with any type of non-exercise control. We included adults 18 years of age or older with any subtype of AF or those who had received treatment for AF. DATA COLLECTION AND ANALYSIS Five review authors independently screened and extracted data in duplicate. We assessed risk of bias using Cochrane's RoB 1 tool as outlined in the Cochrane Handbook for Systematic Reviews of Interventions. We assessed clinical and statistical heterogeneity by visual inspection of the forest plots and by using standard Chi² and I² statistics. We performed meta-analyses using random-effects models for continuous and dichotomised outcomes. We calculated standardised mean differences where different scales were used for the same outcome. We used the GRADE approach to assess the certainty of the evidence. MAIN RESULTS We included 20 RCTs involving a total of 2039 participants with AF. All trials were conducted between 2006 and 2024, with a follow-up period ranging from eight weeks to five years. We assessed the certainty of evidence as moderate to very low. Five trials assessed comprehensive ExCR programmes, which included educational or psychological interventions, or both; the remaining 15 trials compared exercise-only cardiac rehabilitation with controls. The overall risk of bias in the included studies was mixed. Details on random sequence generation, allocation concealment, and use of intention-to-treat analysis were typically poorly reported. Evidence from nine trials (n = 1173) suggested little to no difference in mortality between ExCR and non-exercise controls (risk ratio (RR) 1.06, 95% confidence interval (CI) 0.76 to 1.49; I² = 0%; 101 deaths; low-certainty evidence). Based on evidence from 10 trials (n = 825), ExCR may have little to no effect on SAEs (RR 1.30, 95% CI 0.63 to 2.67; I² = 0%; 28 events; low-certainty evidence). Evidence from four trials (n = 378) showed that ExCR likely reduced AF recurrence (measured via Holter monitoring) compared to controls (RR 0.70, 95% CI 0.56 to 0.88; I² = 2%; moderate-certainty evidence). ExCR may reduce AF symptom severity (mean difference (MD) -1.59, 95% CI -2.98 to -0.20; I² = 61%; n = 600; low-certainty evidence); likely reduces AF symptom burden (MD -1.61, 95% CI -2.76 to -0.45; I² = 0%; n = 317; moderate-certainty evidence); may reduce AF episode frequency (MD -1.29, 95% CI -2.50 to -0.07; I² = 75%; n = 368; low-certainty evidence); and likely reduces AF episode duration (MD -0.58, 95% CI -1.14 to -0.03; I² = 0%; n = 317; moderate-certainty evidence), measured via the AF Severity Scale (AFSS) questionnaire. Moderate-certainty evidence from six trials (n = 504) showed that ExCR likely improved the mental component summary measure in health-related quality of life (HRQoL) of the 36-item Short Form Health Survey (SF-36) (MD 2.66, 95% CI 1.22 to 4.11; I² = 2%), but the effect of ExCR on the physical component summary measure was very uncertain (MD 1.75, 95% CI -0.31 to 3.81; I² = 52%; very low-certainty evidence). ExCR also may improve individual components of HRQoL (general health, vitality, emotional role functioning, and mental health) and exercise capacity (peak oxygen uptake (VO2peak) and 6-minute walk test) following ExCR. The effects of ExCR on serious adverse events and exercise capacity were consistent across different models of ExCR delivery: centre compared to home-based, exercise dose, exercise only compared to comprehensive programmes, and aerobic training alone compared to aerobic plus resistance programmes. Using univariate meta-regression, there was evidence of significant association between location of trial and length of longest follow-up on exercise capacity. AUTHORS' CONCLUSIONS Due to few randomised participants and typically short-term follow-up, the impact of ExCR on all-cause mortality or serious adverse events for people with AF is uncertain. ExCR likely improves AF-specific measures including reduced AF recurrence, symptom burden, and episode duration, as well as the mental components of HRQoL. ExCR may improve AF symptom severity, episode frequency, and VO2peak. Future high-quality RCTs are needed to assess the benefits of ExCR for people with AF on patient-relevant outcomes including AF symptom severity and burden, AF recurrence, AF-specific quality of life, and clinical events such as mortality, readmissions, and serious adverse events. High-quality trials are needed to investigate how AF subtype and clinical setting (i.e. primary and secondary care) may influence ExCR effectiveness.
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Affiliation(s)
- Benjamin JR Buckley
- Liverpool Centre for Cardiovascular Science, University of Liverpool, Liverpool John Moores University, and Liverpool Heart and Chest Hospital, Liverpool, UK
- Cardiovascular Health Sciences, Research Institute for Sport and Exercise Sciences, Liverpool John Moores University, Liverpoool, UK
| | - Linda Long
- MRC/CSO Social and Public Health Sciences Unit & Robertson Centre for Biostatistics, Institute of Health and Well Being, , University of Glasgow, Glasgow, UK
| | - Signe S Risom
- Department of Cardiology, Herlev and Gentofte , University Hospital, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Deirdre A Lane
- Liverpool Centre for Cardiovascular Science, University of Liverpool, Liverpool John Moores University, and Liverpool Heart and Chest Hospital, Liverpool, UK
- Department of Cardiovascular and Metabolic Medicine, Institute of Life Course and Medical Science, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, UK
| | - Selina K Berg
- Department of Cardiology, Copenhagen University Hospital - Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen, Denmark
- Department of Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, Copenhagen University, Copenhagen, Denmark
- University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark
- National Institute of Public Health, University of Southern Denmark, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Christian Gluud
- Cochrane Hepato-Biliary Group, Copenhagen Trial Unit, Centre for Clinical Intervention Research, Copenhagen University Hospital, Copenhagen, Denmark
- Department of Regional Health Research, The Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark
| | - Pernille Palm
- Department of Cardiology, Copenhagen University Hospital - Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Kirstine L Sibilitz
- Department of Cardiology and Internal Medicine, Amager and Hvidovre University Hospital, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Jesper H Svendsen
- Department of Cardiology, Copenhagen University Hospital - Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen, Denmark
- Department of Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, Copenhagen University, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Ann-Dorthe Zwisler
- REHPA, The Danish Knowledge Centre for Rehabilitation and Palliative Care, Odense University Hospital, Nyborg, Denmark
| | - Gregory YH Lip
- Liverpool Centre for Cardiovascular Science, University of Liverpool, Liverpool John Moores University, and Liverpool Heart and Chest Hospital, Liverpool, UK
- Department of Cardiovascular and Metabolic Medicine, Institute of Life Course and Medical Science, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, UK
| | - Lis Neubeck
- Centre for Cardiovascular Health, Edinburgh Napier University, Edinburgh, UK
| | - Rod S Taylor
- National Institute of Public Health, University of Southern Denmark, Copenhagen, Denmark
- MRC/CSO Social and Public Health Sciences Unit & Robertson Centre for Biostatistics, Institute of Health and Well Being, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, UK
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Bilberg A, Mannerkorpi K, Borjesson M, Svedlund S, Sivertsson J, Klingberg E, Bjersing J. High-intensity interval training improves cardiovascular and physical health in patients with rheumatoid arthritis: a multicentre randomised controlled trial. Br J Sports Med 2024:bjsports-2024-108369. [PMID: 39179363 DOI: 10.1136/bjsports-2024-108369] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 07/21/2024] [Indexed: 08/26/2024]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Patients with rheumatoid arthritis (RA) have substantially elevated risk for cardiovascular diseases, and low cardiorespiratory fitness (VO2max) is a major mediator. The aim of this assessor-blinded, two-armed multicentre randomised controlled trial was to evaluate the effects of high-intensity interval training (HIIT) and strength exercise on cardiovascular health, physical fitness and overall health in patients with RA. METHODS In total, 87 patients (86% female; aged 20-60 years) were randomly assigned to an intervention group (IG) or a control group (CG). The IG performed HIIT and strength exercise for 12 weeks. The CG was instructed to be physically active on a moderately intensive level, ≥150 min/week. Primary outcome was change in VO2max. Secondary outcomes were changes in anthropometry measures, muscle strength, overall health (Visual Analogue Scale (VAS)-Global), Patient Global Impression of Change (PGIC), pain and disease activity (Disease Activity Score in 28 joints (DAS28)). RESULTS There was a significant mean group difference of change on VO2max (3.71 mL/kg/min; 95% CI 2.16, 5.25) in favour of the IG. Significant mean group differences of change were also seen for O2-pulse (1.38; 95% CI 0.85 to 1.91), waist circumference (-2.6; 95% CI -5.09 to -0.18), 1-minute sit-to-stand (5.0; 95% CI 3.35 to 6.72), handgrip strength (28.5; 95% CI 3.80 to 52.8), overall health (-14.7; 95% CI -23.8 to -5.50) and PGIC (p<0.0001) in favour of the IG. No significant mean group differences of change were found for pain (-4.0; 95% CI -13.07 to 5.06), DAS28 (-0.25; 95% CI -0.60 to 0.10) and erythrocyte sedimentation rate (-0.64; 95% CI -3.23 to 1.90). CONCLUSION Supervised HIIT and strength exercise improved cardiovascular health, physical fitness and overall health without a deterioration in pain and disease activity and should be considered in patients with well-controlled RA. TRIAL REGISTRATION NUMBER NCT05768165.
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Affiliation(s)
- Annelie Bilberg
- Institute of Neuroscience and Physiology, Department of Health and Rehabilitation, Physiotherapy, University of Gothenburg Sahlgrenska Academy, Goteborg, Sweden
- Department of Occupational and Physiotherapy, Sahlgrenska University Hospital, Goteborg, Sweden
| | - Kaisa Mannerkorpi
- Institute of Neuroscience and Physiology, Department of Health and Rehabilitation, Physiotherapy, University of Gothenburg Sahlgrenska Academy, Goteborg, Sweden
| | - Mats Borjesson
- Institute of Medicine, Department of Molecular and Clinical Medicine, University of Gothenburg, Goteborg, Sweden
- Center for Lifestyle Intervention, Department of MGAÖ, Sahlgrenska University Hospital, Goteborg, Sweden
| | - Sara Svedlund
- Institute of Medicine, Department of Molecular and Clinical Medicine, University of Gothenburg Sahlgrenska Academy, Goteborg, Sweden
- Department of Clinical Physiology, Sahlgrenska University Hospital, Goteborg, Sweden
| | - Jenny Sivertsson
- Department of Physiotherapy, Uddevalla Hospital, Uddevalla, Sweden
| | - Eva Klingberg
- Institute of Medicine, Department of Rheumatology and Inflammation Research, University of Gothenburg Sahlgrenska Academy, Goteborg, Sweden
| | - Jan Bjersing
- Institute of Medicine, Department of Rheumatology and Inflammation Research, University of Gothenburg Sahlgrenska Academy, Goteborg, Sweden
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Sun Z, Wang Z, Yun Z, Sun X, Lin J, Zhang X, Wang Q, Duan J, Huang L, Li L, Yao K. Machine learning-based model for worsening heart failure risk in Chinese chronic heart failure patients. ESC Heart Fail 2024. [PMID: 39243185 DOI: 10.1002/ehf2.15066] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2024] [Revised: 05/25/2024] [Accepted: 08/21/2024] [Indexed: 09/09/2024] Open
Abstract
AIMS This study aims to develop and validate an optimal model for predicting worsening heart failure (WHF). Multiple machine learning (ML) algorithms were compared, and the results were interpreted using SHapley Additive exPlanations (SHAP). A clinical risk calculation tool was subsequently developed based on these findings. METHODS AND RESULTS This nested case-control study included 200 patients with chronic heart failure (CHF) from the China-Japan Friendship Hospital (September 2019 to December 2022). Sixty-five variables were collected, including basic information, physical and chemical examinations, and quality of life assessments. WHF occurrence within a 3-month follow-up was the outcome event. Variables were screened using LASSO regression, univariate analysis, and comparison of key variables in multiple ML models. Eighty per cent of the data was used for training and 20% for testing. The best models were identified by integrating nine ML algorithms and interpreted using SHAP, and to develop a final risk calculation tool. Among participants, 68 (34.0%) were female, with a mean age (standard deviation, SD) of 68.57 (12.80) years. During the follow-up, 60 participants (30%) developed WHF. N-terminal pro-brain natriuretic peptide (NT-proBNP), creatinine (Cr), uric acid (UA), haemoglobin (Hb), and emotional area score on the Minnesota Heart Failure Quality of Life Questionnaire were critical predictors of WHF occurrence. The random forest (RF) model was the best model to predict WHF with an area under the curve (AUC) (95% confidence interval, CI) of 0.842 (0.675-1.000), accuracy of 0.775, sensitivity of 0.900, specificity of 0.833, negative predictive value of 0.800, and positive predictive value of 0.600 for the test set. SHAP analysis highlighted NT-proBNP, UA, and Cr as significant predictors. An online risk predictor based on the RF model was developed for personalized WHF risk assessment. CONCLUSIONS This study identifies NT-proBNP, Cr, UA, Hb, and emotional area scores as crucial predictors of WHF in CHF patients. Among the nine ML algorithms assessed, the RF model showed the highest predictive accuracy. SHAP analysis further emphasized NT-proBNP, UA, and Cr as the most significant predictors. An online risk prediction tool based on the RF model was subsequently developed to enhance early and personalized WHF risk assessment in clinical settings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ziyi Sun
- Guang'anmen Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
- Graduate School, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Zihan Wang
- Graduate School, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
- China-Japan Friendship Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Zhangjun Yun
- Graduate School, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
- Dongzhimen Hospital, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Xiaoning Sun
- Guang'anmen Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Jianguo Lin
- Guang'anmen Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Xiaoxiao Zhang
- Guang'anmen Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Qingqing Wang
- Guang'anmen Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Jinlong Duan
- Guang'anmen Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Li Huang
- China-Japan Friendship Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Lin Li
- China-Japan Friendship Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Kuiwu Yao
- Guang'anmen Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
- Academic Administration Office, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
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Finocchiaro G, Radaelli D, D'Errico S, Bhatia R, Papadakis M, Behr ER, Westaby J, Sharma S, Sheppard MN. Ethnicity and sudden cardiac death in athletes: insights from a large United Kingdom registry. Eur J Prev Cardiol 2024; 31:1518-1525. [PMID: 38636095 DOI: 10.1093/eurjpc/zwae146] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2023] [Revised: 03/07/2024] [Accepted: 03/11/2024] [Indexed: 04/20/2024]
Abstract
AIMS The relationship between ethnicity and causes of sudden cardiac death (SCD) in athletes is poorly understood. OBJECTIVES To investigate aetiology of SCD among different ethnicities in a large cohort of athletes. METHODS AND RESULTS Between 1994 and November 2022, 7880 cases of SCD were consecutively referred from all over the United Kingdom to our national cardiac pathology centre; 848 (11%) were athletes. All cases underwent detailed autopsy evaluation by expert cardiac pathologists. Clinical information was obtained from referring coroners. Most of athletes were white (n = 758; 89%). Black and Asian athletes were in number of 51 (6%) and 39 (5%), respectively. A structurally normal heart, indicative of sudden arrhythmic death syndrome (SADS) was the most common autopsy finding (n = 385; 45%), followed by myocardial diseases (n = 275; 32%), atherosclerotic coronary artery disease (CAD) (n = 58; 7%), and coronary artery anomalies (n = 29; 3%). In most of cases, death occurred during exercise (n = 737; 87%). Arrhythmogenic cardiomyopathy (ACM) was more common in black (n = 13; 25%) than in white (n = 109; 14%) and Asian (n = 3; 8%) athletes (P = 0.03 between black and white athletes; P = 0.04 between black and Asian athletes); in contrast, CAD was more common in Asians (n = 6; 15% vs. n = 51; 7% in whites vs. n = 1; 2%; in blacks, P = 0.02 between Asian and black athletes). Among white athletes, ACM was more common in individuals who died during exercise than in the ones who died at rest (P = 0.005). Such a difference was not observed in Asian and black athletes. In Asian athletes, CAD was the diagnosis at autopsy in 18% of individuals who died during exercise and in none of individuals who died at rest. CONCLUSION A structurally normal heart at autopsy and myocardial diseases are the most common findings in athletes who died suddenly. While ACM is more common in black athletes, atherosclerotic CAD is more common in Asian athletes, with a strong association with exercise-induced SCD. ACM appears to be a driver of exercise-induced SCD in white athletes, however this is not the case in black and Asian athletes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gherardo Finocchiaro
- Cardiovascular Sciences Research Centre, St George's, University of London, Cranmer Terrace, London SW17 0RE, UK
| | - Davide Radaelli
- Cardiovascular Sciences Research Centre, St George's, University of London, Cranmer Terrace, London SW17 0RE, UK
- Department of Medicine, Surgery and Health, University of Trieste, Trieste, Italy
| | - Stefano D'Errico
- Department of Medicine, Surgery and Health, University of Trieste, Trieste, Italy
| | - Raghav Bhatia
- Cardiovascular Sciences Research Centre, St George's, University of London, Cranmer Terrace, London SW17 0RE, UK
| | - Michael Papadakis
- Cardiovascular Sciences Research Centre, St George's, University of London, Cranmer Terrace, London SW17 0RE, UK
| | - Elijah R Behr
- Cardiovascular Sciences Research Centre, St George's, University of London, Cranmer Terrace, London SW17 0RE, UK
| | - Joseph Westaby
- Cardiovascular Sciences Research Centre, St George's, University of London, Cranmer Terrace, London SW17 0RE, UK
| | - Sanjay Sharma
- Cardiovascular Sciences Research Centre, St George's, University of London, Cranmer Terrace, London SW17 0RE, UK
| | - Mary N Sheppard
- Cardiovascular Sciences Research Centre, St George's, University of London, Cranmer Terrace, London SW17 0RE, UK
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Pelliccia A, Larson K. Shared decision making in young elite and professional athletes: pros and pitfalls. Eur J Prev Cardiol 2024; 31:e86-e88. [PMID: 37883716 DOI: 10.1093/eurjpc/zwad339] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/06/2023] [Revised: 10/23/2023] [Accepted: 10/25/2023] [Indexed: 10/28/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Antonio Pelliccia
- Department of Medicine, Institute of Sport Medicine and Science, Largo Piero Gabrielli 1, 00197 Rome, Italy
| | - Kathryn Larson
- Mayo Clinic Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, 200 First St, SW Rochester, 55905 MN, USA
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Ranic I, Jiravsky O, Cesnakova Konecna A, Jiravska Godula B, Pesova P, Chovancik J, Neuwirth R, Sknouril L, Pudil R, Plasek J. Diving Deep into Arrhythmias: Unravelling the Impact of Underwater Environments on Premature Ventricular Complexes in Divers. J Clin Med 2024; 13:5298. [PMID: 39274510 PMCID: PMC11395799 DOI: 10.3390/jcm13175298] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/25/2024] [Revised: 09/04/2024] [Accepted: 09/05/2024] [Indexed: 09/16/2024] Open
Abstract
This review examines the relationship between the physiological demands of diving and premature ventricular complexes (PVCs) in divers. In the general population, some individuals have a greater tendency to experience PVCs, often without awareness or a clear understanding of the triggering factors. With the increasing availability and popularity of both scuba and apnoea diving, more people, including those with a predisposition to PVCs, are engaging in these activities. The underwater environment, with its unique stressors, may increase the risk of arrhythmogenic events, particularly PVCs. Here, we review the prevalence, pathophysiology, and aggravating factors of PVCs in divers, emphasising the need for a comprehensive cardiovascular assessment. Evidence suggests a higher prevalence of PVCs in divers compared with the general population, influenced by factors such as age, dive depth, gas bubbles, cold water immersion, pre-existing cardiovascular diseases, and lifestyle factors. The change in environment during diving could potentially trigger an increased frequency of PVCs, especially in individuals with a pre-existing tendency. We discuss diagnostic strategies, management approaches, and preventive measures for divers with PVCs, noting that although guidelines for athletes can be adapted, individual assessment is crucial. Significant knowledge gaps are identified, highlighting the need for future research to develop evidence-based guidelines and understand the long-term significance of PVCs in divers. This work aims to evaluate potential contributing factors to PVCs in divers and identify individuals who may be at higher risk of experiencing major adverse cardiovascular events (MACEs). This work aims to improve diver safety by promoting collaboration between cardiologists and diving medicine specialists and by identifying key areas for future investigation in this field. This work aims to improve the safety and well-being of divers by understanding the cardiovascular challenges they face, including pressure changes, cold water immersion, and hypoxia. We seek to elucidate the relationship between these challenges and the occurrence of PVCs. By synthesising current evidence, identifying knowledge gaps, and proposing preliminary recommendations, we aim to encourage collaboration between cardiologists and diving medicine specialists to optimise the screening, management, and risk stratification of PVCs in the diving population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ivan Ranic
- Department of Cardiology, Agel Hospital Trinec-Podlesi, Konska 453, 739 61 Trinec, Czech Republic
- Research Center for Internal and Cardiovascular Diseases, Faculty of Medicine, University of Ostrava, Syllabova 19, 703 00 Ostrava, Czech Republic
| | - Otakar Jiravsky
- Department of Cardiology, Agel Hospital Trinec-Podlesi, Konska 453, 739 61 Trinec, Czech Republic
- Faculty of Medicine, Masaryk University, Kamenice 735/5, 625 00 Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Alica Cesnakova Konecna
- Department of Cardiology, Agel Hospital Trinec-Podlesi, Konska 453, 739 61 Trinec, Czech Republic
- Research Center for Internal and Cardiovascular Diseases, Faculty of Medicine, University of Ostrava, Syllabova 19, 703 00 Ostrava, Czech Republic
| | - Bogna Jiravska Godula
- Department of Cardiology, Agel Hospital Trinec-Podlesi, Konska 453, 739 61 Trinec, Czech Republic
- Faculty of Medicine, Palacky University, Krizovskeho 511/8, 779 00 Olomouc, Czech Republic
| | - Petra Pesova
- Department of Cardiology, Agel Hospital Trinec-Podlesi, Konska 453, 739 61 Trinec, Czech Republic
- Faculty of Medicine, Palacky University, Krizovskeho 511/8, 779 00 Olomouc, Czech Republic
| | - Jan Chovancik
- Department of Cardiology, Agel Hospital Trinec-Podlesi, Konska 453, 739 61 Trinec, Czech Republic
| | - Radek Neuwirth
- Department of Cardiology, Agel Hospital Trinec-Podlesi, Konska 453, 739 61 Trinec, Czech Republic
- Research Center for Internal and Cardiovascular Diseases, Faculty of Medicine, University of Ostrava, Syllabova 19, 703 00 Ostrava, Czech Republic
| | - Libor Sknouril
- Department of Cardiology, Agel Hospital Trinec-Podlesi, Konska 453, 739 61 Trinec, Czech Republic
- Research Center for Internal and Cardiovascular Diseases, Faculty of Medicine, University of Ostrava, Syllabova 19, 703 00 Ostrava, Czech Republic
| | - Radek Pudil
- 1st Department of Internal Medicine-Cardioangiology, Faculty of Medicine in Hradec Kralove, Charles University, Simkova 870, 500 03 Hradec Kralove, Czech Republic
| | - Jiri Plasek
- Research Center for Internal and Cardiovascular Diseases, Faculty of Medicine, University of Ostrava, Syllabova 19, 703 00 Ostrava, Czech Republic
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Kouidi E, Hanssen H, Anding-Rost K, Cupisti A, Deligiannis A, Grupp C, Koufaki P, Leeson P, Segura-Orti E, Van Craenenbroeck A, Van Craenenbroeck E, Clyne N, Halle M. The role of exercise training on cardiovascular risk factors and heart disease in patients with chronic kidney disease G3-G5 and G5D: a Clinical Consensus Statement of the European Association of Preventive Cardiology of the ESC and the European Association of Rehabilitation in Chronic Kidney Disease. Eur J Prev Cardiol 2024; 31:1493-1515. [PMID: 38593202 DOI: 10.1093/eurjpc/zwae130] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2024] [Revised: 03/23/2024] [Accepted: 04/05/2024] [Indexed: 04/11/2024]
Abstract
Cardiovascular (CV) morbidity and mortality is high in patients with chronic kidney disease (CKD). Most patients reveal a high prevalence of CV risk factors such as diabetes or arterial hypertension and many have manifest cardiovascular disease (CVD), such as coronary artery disease and chronic heart failure with an increased risk of clinical events including sudden cardiac death. Diabetes mellitus and hypertension contribute to the development of CKD and the prevalence of CKD is in the range of 20-65% in diabetic and 30-50% in hypertensive patients. Therefore, prevention and optimal treatment of CV risk factors and comorbidities are key strategies to reduce CV risk and improve survival in CKD. Beyond common CV risk factors, patients with CKD are often physically inactive and have low physical function leading to subsequent frailty with muscle fatigue and weakness, sarcopenia and increased risk of falling. Consequently, the economic health burden of CKD is high, requiring feasible strategies to counteract this vicious cycle. Regular physical activity and exercise training (ET) have been shown to be effective in improving risk factors, reducing CVD and reducing frailty and falls. Nonetheless, combining ET and a healthy lifestyle with pharmacological treatment is not frequently applied in clinical practice. For that reason, this Clinical Consensus Statement reviews the current literature and provides evidence-based data regarding the role of ET in reducing CV and overall burden in patients with CKD. The aim is to increase awareness among cardiologists, nephrologists, and healthcare professionals of the potential of exercise therapy in order to encourage implementation of ET in clinical practice, eventually reducing CV risk and disease, as well as reducing frailty in patients with CKD G3-G5D.
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Affiliation(s)
- Evangelia Kouidi
- Sports Medicine Laboratory, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, DPESS, Laboratory Building, TEFAA, Thermi, PC 57001, Thessaloniki, Greece
| | - Henner Hanssen
- Department of Sport, Exercise and Health, Sports and Exercise Medicine, Medical Faculty, University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland
| | | | - Adamasco Cupisti
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Pisa, Pisa, Italy
| | - Asterios Deligiannis
- Sports Medicine Laboratory, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, DPESS, Laboratory Building, TEFAA, Thermi, PC 57001, Thessaloniki, Greece
| | - Clemens Grupp
- Medizinische Klinik III mit Zentrum für Altersmedizin, Klinikum der Sozialstiftung Bamberg, Bamberg, Germany
| | - Pelagia Koufaki
- School of Health Sciences, Queen Margaret University, Edinburgh, UK
| | - Paul Leeson
- Oxford Cardiovascular Clinical Research Facility, Radcliffe Department of Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - Eva Segura-Orti
- Department of Physiotherapy, Universidad Cardenal Herrera-CEU, CEU Universities, Valencia, Spain
| | | | | | - Naomi Clyne
- Department of Nephrology, Clinical Sciences Lund, Skåne University Hospital and Lund University, Lund, Sweden
| | - Martin Halle
- Department of Preventive Sports Medicine and Sports Cardiology, University Hospital Klinikum rechts der Isar, Technical University of Munich, Munich, Germany
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Graziano F, Genta OE, Manfrin L, Corrado D, Brusamolin L, Giada F, Gerbino L, Compagno S, Zorzi A. Prevalence and determinants of low QRS voltages and QRS fragmentation in children and adolescents undergoing sports pre-participation screening. Eur J Prev Cardiol 2024; 31:1535-1542. [PMID: 38775790 DOI: 10.1093/eurjpc/zwae180] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/06/2024] [Revised: 04/09/2024] [Accepted: 05/15/2024] [Indexed: 09/07/2024]
Abstract
AIMS Low QRS voltages (LQRSV) in limb leads and QRS fragmentation (FQRS) are possible electrocardiographic signs of myocardial fibrosis and cardiomyopathy, but they are not listed in current criteria for interpreting athlete's electrocardiogram (ECG). We investigated the prevalence and determinants of LQRSV and FQRS in a cohort of young apparently healthy athletes undergoing pre-participation screening (PPS). METHODS AND RESULTS We analysed a consecutive series of 2140 ECG obtained during PPS of young athletes (mean age 12.5 ± 2.6 years, 7-18-year-old, 49% males). The peak-to-peak QRS voltage was measured in all limb leads, and LQRSV were defined when maximum value was <0.5 mV. Fragmented QRS morphologies were grouped into five patterns. Lead aVR was not considered. Maximum peak-to-peak QRS voltage in limb leads was 1.4 ± 0.4 mV, similar between younger and older athletes, but significantly lower in females than males (1.35 ± 0.38 mV vs. 1.45 ± 0.42 mV; P < 0.001). There was a weak correlation between maximal QRS voltages and body mass index (BMI), but not with type of sport or training load. Only five (0.2%) individuals showed LQRSV. At least one fragmented QRS complex was identified in 831 (39%) individuals but excluding the rSr' pattern in V1-V2, only 10 (0.5%) showed FQRS in ≥2 contiguous leads. They were older than those without FQRS, but did not differ in terms of gender, BMI, type of sport, or training load. CONCLUSION Low QRS voltages in limb leads and FQRS in ≥2 contiguous leads excluding V1-V2 are rare in young apparently healthy athletes and are not related to the type and intensity of sport activity. Therefore, they may require additional testing to rule out an underlying disease particularly when other abnormalities are present.
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Affiliation(s)
- Francesca Graziano
- Department of Cardiac, Thoracic and Vascular Sciences and Public Health, University of Padova, Via Giustiniani 2, 35128 Padova, Italy
- Department of Sports Medicine, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Oscar Edoardo Genta
- Department of Cardiac, Thoracic and Vascular Sciences and Public Health, University of Padova, Via Giustiniani 2, 35128 Padova, Italy
- Cardiovascular Department, University of Milan, Milan, Italy
| | - Laura Manfrin
- Department of Cardiac, Thoracic and Vascular Sciences and Public Health, University of Padova, Via Giustiniani 2, 35128 Padova, Italy
- Cardiovascular Department, University of Trieste, Trieste, Italy
| | - Domenico Corrado
- Department of Cardiac, Thoracic and Vascular Sciences and Public Health, University of Padova, Via Giustiniani 2, 35128 Padova, Italy
| | | | - Franco Giada
- Sports Medicine and Cardiovascular Rehabilitation Unit, AULSS3, Noale, Italy
| | - Luigi Gerbino
- Sports Medicine and Cardiovascular Rehabilitation Unit, AULSS3, Noale, Italy
| | - Silvia Compagno
- Sports Medicine and Cardiovascular Rehabilitation Unit, AULSS3, Noale, Italy
| | - Alessandro Zorzi
- Department of Cardiac, Thoracic and Vascular Sciences and Public Health, University of Padova, Via Giustiniani 2, 35128 Padova, Italy
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Spaderna H, Brandenburg VM, Lauterbach M, Partetzke TM, Schwab SU, Voss F, Kindermann I. Associations of fear of physical activity, coping style and self-reported exercise behavior in patients with chronic heart failure. PLoS One 2024; 19:e0309952. [PMID: 39236063 PMCID: PMC11376548 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0309952] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/26/2024] [Accepted: 08/22/2024] [Indexed: 09/07/2024] Open
Abstract
AIMS Fear of physical activity (PA) is discussed as a barrier to regular exercise in patients with heart failure (HF), but HF-specific theoretical concepts are lacking. This study examined associations of fear of PA, heart-focused anxiety and trait anxiety with clinical characteristics and self-reported PA in outpatients with chronic HF. It was also investigated whether personality-related coping styles for dealing with health threats impact fear of PA via symptom perception. METHODS AND RESULTS This cross-sectional study enrolled 185 HF outpatients from five hospitals (mean age 62 ± 11 years, mean ejection fraction 36.0 ± 12%, 24% women). Avoidance of PA, sports/exercise participation (yes/no) and the psychological characteristics were assessed by self-reports. Fear of PA was assessed by the Fear of Activity in Situations-Heart Failure (FActS-HF15) questionnaire. In multivariable regression analyses higher NYHA class (b = 0.26, p = 0.036) and a higher number of HF drugs including antidepressants (b = 0.25, p = 0.017) were independently associated with higher fear of PA, but not with heart-focused fear and trait anxiety. Of the three anxiety scores only increased fear of PA was independently associated with more avoidance behavior regarding PA (b = 0.45, SE = 0.06, p < 0.001) and with increased odds of no sports/exercise participation (OR = 1.34, 95% CI 1.03-1.74, p = 0.028). Attention towards cardiac symptoms and symptom distress were positively associated with fear of PA (p < 0.001), which explained higher fear of PA in patients with a vigilant (directing attention towards health threats) coping style (p = 0.004). CONCLUSIONS Fear of PA assessed by the FActS-HF15 is a specific type of anxiety in patients with HF. Attention towards and being distressed by HF symptoms appear to play a central role in fear of PA, particularly in vigilant patients who are used to direct their attention towards health threats. These findings provide approaches for tailored interventions to reduce fear of PA and to increase PA in patients with HF. TRIAL REGISTRATION ClinicalTrials.gov ID: NCT02898246.
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Affiliation(s)
- Heike Spaderna
- Department of Nursing Science, Health Psychology, Trier University, Trier, Germany
| | | | - Michael Lauterbach
- Department of Cardiology, Heart Center Trier, Krankenhaus der Barmherzigen Brueder, Trier, Germany
| | - Tara M Partetzke
- Department of Nursing Science, Health Psychology, Trier University, Trier, Germany
- Graduates' Center, Trier University, Trier, Germany
| | - Sandra U Schwab
- Department of Nursing Science, Health Psychology, Trier University, Trier, Germany
| | - Frederik Voss
- Department of Electrophysiology, Heart Center Trier, Krankenhaus der Barmherzigen Brueder, Trier, Germany
| | - Ingrid Kindermann
- Department of Internal Medicine III, Cardiology, Angiology and Intensive Care Medicine, University Hospital, Saarland University, Homburg Saar, Germany
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Palau P, Núñez J, Domínguez E, de la Espriella R, Núñez G, Flor C, de Amo I, Casaña J, Calatayud J, Ortega L, Marín P, Sanchis J, Sanchis-Gomar F, López L. Effect of exercise training in patients with chronotropic incompetence and heart failure with preserved ejection fraction: Training-HR study protocol. Curr Probl Cardiol 2024; 49:102839. [PMID: 39242065 DOI: 10.1016/j.cpcardiol.2024.102839] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2024] [Accepted: 09/03/2024] [Indexed: 09/09/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Chronotropic incompetence (ChI) is linked with diminished exercise capacity in heart failure with preserved ejection fraction (HFpEF). Although exercise training has shown potential for improving functional capacity, the exercise modality associated with greater functional and chronotropic response (ChR) is not well-known. Additionally, how the ChR from different exercise modalities mediates functional improvement remains to be determined. This study aimed to evaluate the effect of three different exercise programs over current guideline recommendations on peak oxygen consumption (peakVO2) in patients with ChI HFpEF phenotype. METHODS AND RESULTS In this randomized clinical trial, 80 stable symptomatic patients with HFpEF and ChI (NYHA class II-III/IV) are randomized (1:1:1:1) to receive: a) a 12-week program of supervised aerobic training (AT), b) AT and low to moderate-intensity strength training, c)AT and moderate to high-intensity strength training, or d) guideline-based physical activity and exercise recommendations. The primary endpoint is 12-week changes in peakVO2. The secondary endpoints are 12-week changes in ChR, 12-week changes in quality of life, and how ChR changes mediate changes in peakVO2. A mixed-effects model for repeated measures will be used to compare endpoint changes. The mean age is 75.1 ± 7.2 years, and most patients are women (57.5 %) in New York Heart Association functional class II (68.7 %). The mean peakVO2, percent of predicted peakVO2, and ChR are 11.8 ± 2.6 mL/kg/min, 67.2 ± 14.7 %, and 0.39 ± 0.16, respectively. No significant baseline clinical differences between arms are found. CONCLUSIONS Training-HR will evaluate the effects of different exercise-based therapies on peakVO2, ChR, and quality of life in patients with ChI HFpEF phenotype. CLINICAL TRIAL REGISTRATION ClinicalTrials.gov (NCT05649787).
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Affiliation(s)
- Patricia Palau
- Cardiology Department, Hospital Clínico Universitario, INCLIVA, Universitat de València, Valencia, Spain.
| | - Julio Núñez
- Cardiology Department, Hospital Clínico Universitario, INCLIVA, Universitat de València, Valencia, Spain; CIBER Cardiovascular, Spain
| | - Eloy Domínguez
- Cardiology Department, Hospital Clínico Universitario, INCLIVA, Universitat de València, Valencia, Spain; Universitat Jaume I, Castellón, Spain
| | - Rafael de la Espriella
- Cardiology Department, Hospital Clínico Universitario, INCLIVA, Universitat de València, Valencia, Spain
| | - Gonzalo Núñez
- Cardiology Department, Hospital Clínico Universitario, INCLIVA, Universitat de València, Valencia, Spain
| | - Cristina Flor
- Physiotherapy Department, Universitat de València, Valencia, Spain
| | - Ivan de Amo
- Cardiology Department, Hospital Clínico Universitario, INCLIVA, Universitat de València, Valencia, Spain
| | - Jose Casaña
- Physiotherapy Department, Universitat de València, Valencia, Spain
| | | | - Lucía Ortega
- Department of Nursing, Universitat de València, Valencia, Spain
| | - Paloma Marín
- Department of Nursing, Universitat de València, Valencia, Spain
| | - Juan Sanchis
- Cardiology Department, Hospital Clínico Universitario, INCLIVA, Universitat de València, Valencia, Spain; CIBER Cardiovascular, Spain
| | - Fabian Sanchis-Gomar
- Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, United States.
| | - Laura López
- Cardiology Department, Hospital Clínico Universitario, INCLIVA, Universitat de València, Valencia, Spain; Physiotherapy Department, Universitat de València, Valencia, Spain
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Stadter P, Keller K. Atrial Adaptations in Athletes Heart. Echocardiography 2024; 41:e15931. [PMID: 39315711 DOI: 10.1111/echo.15931] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2024] [Revised: 08/23/2024] [Accepted: 09/04/2024] [Indexed: 09/25/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Intensive training efforts are associated with hemodynamic changes accompanied by increases in cardiac output and stroke volume related to higher peak oxygen consumption and better athletic performance during exercise. These hemodynamic changes induce an enlargement of cardiac chambers, but also of the atria and may result in an athletes' heart (AH). Data from large studies about atrial enlargement in AH are sparse. METHODS Competitive athletes aged ≥18 years, who presented for pre-participation screening 04/2020-10/2021 were included in this study and stratified for AH (defined as physiologically increased heart volume >13.0 in males and >12.0 mL/kg in females). RESULTS Overall, 646 athletes aged ≥18 years (median age 24.0 [20.0/31.0] years; 206 [31.9%] females) were included in our study 04/2020-10/2021; among these, 118 (18.3%) had an AH. The computed absolute heart volume was 969.4 (853.1/1083.0) mL in athletes with AH and 841.3 (707.4/966.3) mL in those without AH (p < 0.001). AH was associated with larger left ventricular mass (206.6 ± 39.0 vs. 182.7 ± 44.2 g, p < 0.001). LA area (15.4 [13.7/18.2] vs. 14.3 [12.0/16.3] cm2, p < 0.001) and RA area (15.8 [13.8/18.6] vs. 14.5 [12.3/17.0] cm2, p < 0.001) were enlarged in AH versus those athletes without AH. The logistic regressions confirmed an independent association of AH on LV mass (OR 1.05 [95% CI 1.04-1.06], p < 0.001). LA area (OR 1.29 [95% CI 1.19-1.39], p < 0.001) as well as RA area (OR 1.28 [95% CI 1.19-1.38], p < 0.001) were afflicted by AH. CONCLUSION An AH is accompanied by significant enlargement of the atria as well as increased cardiac muscle mass.
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Affiliation(s)
- Philipp Stadter
- Medical Clinic VII, Department of Sports Medicine, University Hospital Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Karsten Keller
- Medical Clinic VII, Department of Sports Medicine, University Hospital Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany
- Department of Cardiology, University Medical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg-University Mainz, Mainz, Germany
- Center for Thrombosis and Hemostasis (CTH), University Medical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg-University Mainz, Mainz, Germany
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Abela M, Yamagata K, Bonello J, Xuereb S, Borg L, Xuereb R, Soler JF, Camilleri W, Abela E, Callus A, Farrugia M, Sapiano K, Felice T, Burg M, Sammut MA, Grech V, Papadakis M. BEAT-IT: A de-novo cardiac screening programme in Maltese adolescents. Hellenic J Cardiol 2024; 79:49-57. [PMID: 37743018 DOI: 10.1016/j.hjc.2023.09.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2023] [Revised: 09/17/2023] [Accepted: 09/19/2023] [Indexed: 09/26/2023] Open
Abstract
AIMS Sudden cardiac death (SCD) in young individuals is often unexpected, provoking substantial emotional stress for family and friends of the deceased. Cardiac screening may identify individuals who harbour disorders linked to SCD. The feasibility and diagnostic yield of a nationwide cardiac screening programme in adolescents has never been explored. METHODS All individuals eligible for cardiac screening (students aged 15 years) were systematically invited to enrol. Students were provided with a health questionnaire. ECGs were acquired at school. A physician led consultation was carried out on site. Participants with an abnormal screen were then referred for secondary evaluation to the nation's tertiary centre. Feasibility criteria included a) participation rate >60%, b) adherence to secondary evaluation >80%, and c) cost per individual screened equating to <€100. The diagnostic yield was also evaluated. RESULTS At the end of enrolment, 2708 students gave consent (mean 15 years, 50.4% male), equating to 67.9% of the eligible cohort. Overall, 109 participants (4.0%) were referred for further evaluation. An abnormal electrocardiogram (ECG) was the most common reason for referral (3.7%). Fifteen individuals (0.6%) were diagnosed with a cardiac condition. Nine (0.3%) had a condition linked to SCD (n = 1 Long-QT syndrome, n = 1 Hypertrophic Cardiomyopathy, n = 5 Wolff-Parkinson White, n = 2 coronary anomalies). The yield was similar in athletes and non-athletes (p = 0.324). The cost per cardiac individual screened equated to €51.15. CONCLUSION A nationwide systematic cardiac screening programme for adolescent athletes and non-athletes is feasible and cost-efficient, provided that responsible centres have the appropriate infrastructure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mark Abela
- Department of Cardiology, Mater Dei Hospital, Tal-Qroqq, Malta; Medical School, University of Malta, Malta; St George's, University of London, London, United Kingdom.
| | | | - John Bonello
- Department of Cardiology, Mater Dei Hospital, Tal-Qroqq, Malta
| | - Sara Xuereb
- Department of Cardiology, Mater Dei Hospital, Tal-Qroqq, Malta
| | - Lisa Borg
- Department of Cardiology, Mater Dei Hospital, Tal-Qroqq, Malta
| | - Rachel Xuereb
- Department of Cardiology, Mater Dei Hospital, Tal-Qroqq, Malta
| | | | | | - Estelle Abela
- Department of Cardiology, Mater Dei Hospital, Tal-Qroqq, Malta
| | - Adrian Callus
- Department of Cardiology, Mater Dei Hospital, Tal-Qroqq, Malta
| | - Maria Farrugia
- Department of Cardiology, Mater Dei Hospital, Tal-Qroqq, Malta
| | - Karl Sapiano
- Department of Cardiology, Mater Dei Hospital, Tal-Qroqq, Malta
| | - Tiziana Felice
- Department of Cardiology, Mater Dei Hospital, Tal-Qroqq, Malta
| | - Melanie Burg
- Department of Cardiology, Mater Dei Hospital, Tal-Qroqq, Malta
| | - Mark A Sammut
- Department of Cardiology, Mater Dei Hospital, Tal-Qroqq, Malta
| | - Victor Grech
- Medical School, University of Malta, Malta; Department of Paediatrics, Mater Dei Hospital, Tal-Qroqq, Malta
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Li Q, Liu F, Huang K, Liang F, Shen C, Liao J, Li J, Yuan C, Yang X, Cao J, Chen S, Hu D, Huang J, Liu Y, Lu X, Gu D. Physical activity, long-term fine particulate matter exposure and type 2 diabetes incidence: A prospective cohort study. Chronic Dis Transl Med 2024; 10:205-215. [PMID: 39027196 PMCID: PMC11252432 DOI: 10.1002/cdt3.128] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/22/2024] [Revised: 05/14/2024] [Accepted: 05/14/2024] [Indexed: 07/20/2024] Open
Abstract
Background Despite the adverse effects of ambient fine particulate matter (PM2.5) on type 2 diabetes and the beneficial role of physical activity (PA), the influence of PM2.5 on the relationship between PA and type 2 diabetes remains unclear. Methods In this prospective study with 71,689 participants, PA was assessed by a questionnaire and was categorized into quartiles for volume and three groups for intensity. Long-term PM2.5 exposure was calculated using 1-km resolution satellite-based PM2.5 estimates. PM2.5 exposure and PA's effect on type 2 diabetes were assessed by cohort-stratified Cox proportional hazards models, individually and in combination. Results In 488,166 person-years of follow-up, 5487 incident type 2 diabetes cases were observed. The association between PA and type 2 diabetes was modified by PM2.5. Compared with the lowest quartile of PA volume, the highest quartile was associated with reduced type 2 diabetes risk in low PM2.5 stratification (≤65.02 µg/m3) other than in high PM2.5 stratification (>65.02 µg/m3), with the hazard ratio (HR) of 0.75 (95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.66-0.85) and 1.10 (95% CI: 0.99-1.22), respectively. Similar results were observed for PA intensity. High PM2.5 exposure combined with the highest PA levels increased the risk of type 2 diabetes the most (HR = 1.79, 95% CI: 1.59-2.01 for PA volume; HR = 1.82, 95% CI: 1.64-2.02 for PA intensity). Conclusion PA could reduce type 2 diabetes risk in low-pollution areas, but high PM2.5 exposure may weaken or even reverse the protective effects of PA. Safety and health benefits of PA should be thoroughly assessed for long-term polluted residents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qian Li
- Department of Epidemiology, Center for Global Health, School of Public HealthNanjing Medical UniversityNanjingJiangsuChina
- Department of Epidemiology, Fuwai Hospital, National Center for Cardiovascular DiseasesChinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical CollegeBeijingChina
| | - Fangchao Liu
- Department of Epidemiology, Fuwai Hospital, National Center for Cardiovascular DiseasesChinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical CollegeBeijingChina
- Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular EpidemiologyChinese Academy of Medical SciencesBeijingChina
| | - Keyong Huang
- Department of Epidemiology, Fuwai Hospital, National Center for Cardiovascular DiseasesChinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical CollegeBeijingChina
- Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular EpidemiologyChinese Academy of Medical SciencesBeijingChina
| | - Fengchao Liang
- School of Public Health and Emergency ManagementSouthern University of Science and TechnologyShenzhenGuangdongChina
| | - Chong Shen
- Department of Epidemiology, Center for Global Health, School of Public HealthNanjing Medical UniversityNanjingJiangsuChina
- Research Units of Cohort Study on Cardiovascular Diseases and CancersChinese Academy of Medical SciencesBeijingChina
| | - Jian Liao
- School of Public Health and Emergency ManagementSouthern University of Science and TechnologyShenzhenGuangdongChina
| | - Jianxin Li
- Department of Epidemiology, Fuwai Hospital, National Center for Cardiovascular DiseasesChinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical CollegeBeijingChina
- Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular EpidemiologyChinese Academy of Medical SciencesBeijingChina
| | - Chenxi Yuan
- Department of Epidemiology, Center for Global Health, School of Public HealthNanjing Medical UniversityNanjingJiangsuChina
- Department of Epidemiology, Fuwai Hospital, National Center for Cardiovascular DiseasesChinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical CollegeBeijingChina
| | - Xueli Yang
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Environment, Nutrition and Public Health, Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, School of Public HealthTianjin Medical UniversityTianjinChina
| | - Jie Cao
- Department of Epidemiology, Fuwai Hospital, National Center for Cardiovascular DiseasesChinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical CollegeBeijingChina
- Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular EpidemiologyChinese Academy of Medical SciencesBeijingChina
| | - Shufeng Chen
- Department of Epidemiology, Fuwai Hospital, National Center for Cardiovascular DiseasesChinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical CollegeBeijingChina
- Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular EpidemiologyChinese Academy of Medical SciencesBeijingChina
| | - Dongsheng Hu
- Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, College of Public HealthZhengzhou UniversityZhengzhouHenanChina
- Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, School of Public HealthShenzhen University Health Science CenterShenzhenGuangdongChina
| | - Jianfeng Huang
- Department of Epidemiology, Fuwai Hospital, National Center for Cardiovascular DiseasesChinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical CollegeBeijingChina
- Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular EpidemiologyChinese Academy of Medical SciencesBeijingChina
| | - Yang Liu
- Gangarosa Department of Environmental Health, Rollins School of Public HealthEmory UniversityAtlantaGeorgiaUSA
| | - Xiangfeng Lu
- Department of Epidemiology, Fuwai Hospital, National Center for Cardiovascular DiseasesChinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical CollegeBeijingChina
- Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular EpidemiologyChinese Academy of Medical SciencesBeijingChina
| | - Dongfeng Gu
- Department of Epidemiology, Center for Global Health, School of Public HealthNanjing Medical UniversityNanjingJiangsuChina
- Department of Epidemiology, Fuwai Hospital, National Center for Cardiovascular DiseasesChinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical CollegeBeijingChina
- Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular EpidemiologyChinese Academy of Medical SciencesBeijingChina
- School of Public Health and Emergency ManagementSouthern University of Science and TechnologyShenzhenGuangdongChina
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Di Gioia G, Crispino SP, Maestrini V, Monosilio S, Ortolina D, Segreti A, Squeo MR, Lemme E, Nenna A, Pelliccia A. Lack of cardiac remodelling in elite endurance athletes: an unexpected and not so rare finding. Eur J Appl Physiol 2024; 124:2725-2735. [PMID: 38647676 DOI: 10.1007/s00421-024-05489-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/24/2023] [Accepted: 04/11/2024] [Indexed: 04/25/2024]
Abstract
PURPOSE Endurance elite athletes are expected to present a cardiac remodelling, characterized by eccentric hypertrophy (EH), may be associated with higher sportive performances. However, not all can present a cardiac remodelling. The study aimed to identify endurance athletes without cardiac remodelling characterizing their physiologic and clinical features. METHODS We studied 309 endurance athletes (cycling, rowing, canoeing, triathlon, athletics, long-distance swimming, cross-country skiing, mid-long distance track, pentathlon, biathlon, long-distance skating and Nordic-combined) examined during period of training, by clinical evaluation, ECG, echocardiogram and exercise-stress test. Sport career achievements (Olympic\World championship medals or national\world records) were recorded. RESULTS EH was found in most of athletes, (n = 126, 67% of males; n = 85, 68.5% of females). A significant proportion,, exhibited normal geometry (NG) ( n = 59, 31.3% in males; n = 39, 31.4% in females). At stress test, significant differences between EH and NG athletes were found in peak power (317.1 ± 71.2W in NG vs. 342.2 ± 60.6W in EH, p = 0.014 in males and 225.1 ± 38.7W in NG vs. 247.1 ± 37W in EH, p = 0.003 in females), rest heart rate (66.1 ± 13 in NG vs. 58.6 ± 11.6 in EH, p = 0.001 in males and 68 ± 13.2 in NG vs. 59.2 ± 11.2 in EH, p = 0.001 in females) with similar ventricular extrasystoles (p = 0.363 in males and p = 0.492 in females). However, no significant differences in athletic achievements were registered. CONCLUSION Our study demonstrates a relatively high prevalence of NG in endurance athletes, in addition to the expected EH. Athletes with NG perform worse in exercise-stress test and exhibit some less advantageous functional heart characteristics. However, the type of heart geometry is not associated with negative clinical findings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giuseppe Di Gioia
- Institute of Sports Medicine and Science, National Italian Olympic Committee, Largo Piero Gabrielli, 1, 00197, Rome, Italy.
- Department of Cardiovascular Sciences, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario Campus Bio-Medico, Via Alvaro del Portillo, 200, 00128, Rome, Italy.
- Department of Movement, Human and Health Sciences, University of Rome "Foro Italico", Piazza Lauro De Bosis, 15, 00135, Rome, Italy.
| | - Simone Pasquale Crispino
- Department of Cardiovascular Sciences, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario Campus Bio-Medico, Via Alvaro del Portillo, 200, 00128, Rome, Italy
| | - Viviana Maestrini
- Institute of Sports Medicine and Science, National Italian Olympic Committee, Largo Piero Gabrielli, 1, 00197, Rome, Italy
- Department of Clinical, Internal, Anesthesiologic and Cardiovascular Sciences, Sapienza University of Rome, Piazzale Aldo Moro, 5, 00185, Rome, Italy
| | - Sara Monosilio
- Institute of Sports Medicine and Science, National Italian Olympic Committee, Largo Piero Gabrielli, 1, 00197, Rome, Italy
| | - Davide Ortolina
- Institute of Sports Medicine and Science, National Italian Olympic Committee, Largo Piero Gabrielli, 1, 00197, Rome, Italy
| | - Andrea Segreti
- Department of Cardiovascular Sciences, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario Campus Bio-Medico, Via Alvaro del Portillo, 200, 00128, Rome, Italy
- Department of Movement, Human and Health Sciences, University of Rome "Foro Italico", Piazza Lauro De Bosis, 15, 00135, Rome, Italy
| | - Maria Rosaria Squeo
- Institute of Sports Medicine and Science, National Italian Olympic Committee, Largo Piero Gabrielli, 1, 00197, Rome, Italy
| | - Erika Lemme
- Institute of Sports Medicine and Science, National Italian Olympic Committee, Largo Piero Gabrielli, 1, 00197, Rome, Italy
| | - Antonio Nenna
- Department of Cardiovascular Sciences, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario Campus Bio-Medico, Via Alvaro del Portillo, 200, 00128, Rome, Italy
| | - Antonio Pelliccia
- Institute of Sports Medicine and Science, National Italian Olympic Committee, Largo Piero Gabrielli, 1, 00197, Rome, Italy
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Fichtner UA, Tinsel I, Sehlbrede M, Maiwald P, Bischoff M, Metzner G, Schlett C, Brame J, Kohl J, König D, Bredenkamp R, Wurst R, Farin-Glattacker E. Effects of a digital intervention on physical activity in adults: A randomized controlled trial in a large-scale sample. Internet Interv 2024; 37:100762. [PMID: 39211309 PMCID: PMC11359763 DOI: 10.1016/j.invent.2024.100762] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/24/2024] [Revised: 07/30/2024] [Accepted: 07/31/2024] [Indexed: 09/04/2024] Open
Abstract
Background Physical inactivity is associated with health risks, contributing to various diseases and all-cause mortality. Despite recommendations for regular physical activity (PA), many adults remain inactive, influenced by socioeconomic and environmental factors. Digital interventions, particularly web-based PA programs, offer promising possibilities to promote PA across populations. These programs vary in their effectiveness, reflecting differences in design, user engagement, and behavior change techniques employed. Objective This study evaluates the effectiveness of the 12-week multimodal web-based TKFitnessCoach. The PA online program is part of the TK-HealthCoach. This study investigates the program's impact on self-reported PA levels, goal attainment, healthrelated quality of life, body weight, and eating behavior, comparing an interactive personalized web-based intervention and non-interactive web-based health information. Methods In a randomized controlled trial (RCT), participants were allocated to either the intervention group (IG), receiving access to the interactive TK-FitnessCoach, or the control group (CG) that was provided a static website with evidence-based information on PA. The study targeted a German-speaking adult population interested in improving health behavior. Data was assessed at T0 (beginning of the study), T1 (postintervention), T2, 6 months, and T3, 12 months follow-ups, focusing on self-reported PA at T3 and on various secondary outcomes. Results We achieved equally distributed sociodemographics in both the IG and the CG with a mean age of 42.8 (IG), resp. 43.1 years (CG), and female participants of 76.1 % (IG), resp. 74.7 % (CG). PA at baseline was 277.9 min/week in the IG and 273.3 min/week in the CG. Both, the IG (n = 1153 in the Intention-to-treat (ITT) dataset) and CG (n = 1177 in the ITT dataset) exhibited significant increases in PA over time (IG(T3-T0) = 72.92 min/week; CG(T3-T0) = 74.12 min/week).However, the study did not find significant differences in the effectiveness of the interactive TK-FitnessCoach compared to the non-interactive control in terms of improving PA and related health outcomes. The intensity of using the TK-FitnessCoach was not associated with PA. Conclusions Both programs were effective in promoting PA among adults, with no significant differences observed between the two RCT groups. This highlights the potential of digital interventions in addressing physical inactivity, suggesting that the effectiveness of such programs may not solely depend on their interactivity but also on the quality and relevance of the information provided. Further research is needed to explore optimization strategies for such interventions, especially for persons with low PA, including user engagement, behavior change techniques, and the integration of objective PA tracking methods. Trial registration German Clinical Trials Register DRKS00020249; https://drks.de/search/en/trial/DRKS00020249.
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Affiliation(s)
- Urs Alexander Fichtner
- Section of Health Care Research and Rehabilitation Research, Institute of Medical Biometry and Statistics, Faculty of Medicine, Medical Center—University of Freiburg, 79106 Freiburg, Germany
| | - Iris Tinsel
- Section of Health Care Research and Rehabilitation Research, Institute of Medical Biometry and Statistics, Faculty of Medicine, Medical Center—University of Freiburg, 79106 Freiburg, Germany
| | - Matthias Sehlbrede
- Section of Health Care Research and Rehabilitation Research, Institute of Medical Biometry and Statistics, Faculty of Medicine, Medical Center—University of Freiburg, 79106 Freiburg, Germany
| | - Phillip Maiwald
- Section of Health Care Research and Rehabilitation Research, Institute of Medical Biometry and Statistics, Faculty of Medicine, Medical Center—University of Freiburg, 79106 Freiburg, Germany
| | - Martina Bischoff
- Section of Health Care Research and Rehabilitation Research, Institute of Medical Biometry and Statistics, Faculty of Medicine, Medical Center—University of Freiburg, 79106 Freiburg, Germany
| | - Gloria Metzner
- Section of Health Care Research and Rehabilitation Research, Institute of Medical Biometry and Statistics, Faculty of Medicine, Medical Center—University of Freiburg, 79106 Freiburg, Germany
| | - Christian Schlett
- Section of Health Care Research and Rehabilitation Research, Institute of Medical Biometry and Statistics, Faculty of Medicine, Medical Center—University of Freiburg, 79106 Freiburg, Germany
| | - Judith Brame
- Department of Sport and Sport Science, University of Freiburg, 79117 Freiburg, Germany
| | - Jan Kohl
- Department of Sport and Sport Science, University of Freiburg, 79117 Freiburg, Germany
| | - Daniel König
- Department of Sport and Sport Science, University of Freiburg, 79117 Freiburg, Germany
- Department of Sport Science, Institute for Nutrition, Exercise and Health, University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
- Department of Nutritional Sciences, Institute for Nutrition, Exercise and Health, University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Rainer Bredenkamp
- Universitäres Cancer Center Hamburg, Hubertus Wald Tumorzentrum, Universitätsklinikum Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Ramona Wurst
- Department of Sport and Sport Science, University of Freiburg, 79117 Freiburg, Germany
| | - Erik Farin-Glattacker
- Section of Health Care Research and Rehabilitation Research, Institute of Medical Biometry and Statistics, Faculty of Medicine, Medical Center—University of Freiburg, 79106 Freiburg, Germany
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Keller K, Hobohm L. Safety of early rehabilitation after acute pulmonary embolism. Eur Respir J 2024; 64:2401016. [PMID: 39237312 DOI: 10.1183/13993003.01016-2024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/24/2024] [Accepted: 07/27/2024] [Indexed: 09/07/2024]
Affiliation(s)
- Karsten Keller
- Center for Thrombosis and Hemostasis (CTH), University Medical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg-University Mainz, Mainz, Germany
- Department of Cardiology, University Medical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg-University Mainz, Mainz, Germany
| | - Lukas Hobohm
- Center for Thrombosis and Hemostasis (CTH), University Medical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg-University Mainz, Mainz, Germany
- Department of Cardiology, University Medical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg-University Mainz, Mainz, Germany
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Orchard J, Harmon KG, D'Ascenzi F, Meyer T, Pieles GE. What is the most appropriate age for the first cardiac screening of athletes? J Sci Med Sport 2024; 27:583-593. [PMID: 38890019 DOI: 10.1016/j.jsams.2024.05.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2024] [Revised: 05/20/2024] [Accepted: 05/28/2024] [Indexed: 06/20/2024]
Abstract
For sporting organisations that conduct screening of athletes, there are very few consistent guidelines on the age at which to start. Our review found the total rate of sudden cardiac arrest or death is very low between the ages of 8-11 years (less than 1/100,000/year), increasing to 1-2/100,000/year in both elite athletes and community athletes aged 12-15 years and then steadily increases with age. The conditions associated with sudden cardiac death in paediatric athletes and young adult athletes are very similar with some evidence that death from coronary artery abnormalities occurs more frequently in athletes 10-14 years old. The decision when to begin a screening program involves a complex interplay between requirements and usual practices in a country, the rules of different leagues and programs, the age of entry into an elite program, the underlying risk of the population and the resources available. Given the incidence of sudden cardiac arrest or death in young people, we recommend beginning cardiac screening no earlier than 12 years (not later than 16 years). The risk increases with age, therefore, starting a program at any point after age 12 has added value. Importantly, anyone with concerning symptoms (e.g. collapse on exercise) or family history of an inherited cardiac condition should see a physician irrespective of age. Finally, no screening program can capture all abnormalities, and it is essential for organisations to implement a cardiac emergency plan including training on recognition and response to sudden cardiac arrest and prompt access to resuscitation, including defibrillators.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jessica Orchard
- Sydney School of Public Health, The University of Sydney, Australia. https://twitter.com/jessicajorchard
| | | | - Flavio D'Ascenzi
- Department of Medical Biotechnologies, Sports Cardiology and Rehab Unit, University of Siena, Italy. https://twitter.com/FlavioDascenzi
| | - Tim Meyer
- Institute of Sports and Preventive Medicine, Saarland University, Germany. https://twitter.com/ProfTim_Meyer
| | - Guido E Pieles
- Department of Athlete Screening and Sports Cardiology, Aspetar Orthopaedic and Sports Medicine Hospital, Qatar; Institute of Sport, Exercise and Health, University College London, UK.
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Finke K, Meertens M, Macherey-Meyer S, Heyne S, Braumann S, Baldus S, Lee S, Adler C. Exercise related versus non exercise related out of hospital cardiac arrest - A retrospective single-center study. Resusc Plus 2024; 19:100742. [PMID: 39185282 PMCID: PMC11344011 DOI: 10.1016/j.resplu.2024.100742] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2024] [Revised: 07/24/2024] [Accepted: 07/24/2024] [Indexed: 08/27/2024] Open
Abstract
Background Physical activity prevents cardiovascular disease, but it may also trigger acute cardiac events like sudden cardiac death in patients with underlying heart disease. The chance of surviving an out-of-hospital cardiac arrest remains low, despite improving medical treatment and rescue chain. Prior studies signaled increased survival in exercise related out-of-hospital cardiac arrest. Objective The aim of this study was to evaluate the differences between exercise related out-of-hospital cardiac arrest and out-of-hospital cardiac arrest during daily activity in an urban setting. Methods Retrospective analysis of all out-of-hospital cardiac arrests from 2014 to 2021 treated at a cardiac arrest center of a tertiary hospital. The primary outcome was survival to discharge. Secondary outcomes included differences in pre-hospital care, in-hospital treatment, hypoxic ischemic encephalopathy, and laboratory parameters. Results 478 OHCA patients were reviewed of which 432 patients (exercise related 36 (8.4%) vs. daily activity 396 (91.6%)) were included in the analysis. Patients suffering an exercise related arrest were younger (57 vs 65 years, p = 0.002) and mostly male (88.9 vs 74.5%, p = 0.054).The exercise related cohort received bystander cardiopulmonary resuscitation (77.8 vs 53.4%, p = 0.005) to a higher extent and had a shorter no-flow time (1.5 vs 2 min, p = 0.049). Exercise related arrest patients more often presented with a shockable rhythm (80.6 vs 64.1%, p = 0.032).At hospital admission exercise related arrest patients had a higher initial pH (7.24 vs 7.19, p = 0.015). In the exercise related group, a cardiac cause was numerically more frequent compared to the daily activity group (80.6 vs 68.7%, p = 0.09). In both groups myocardial infarction (47.2 vs 43.2%) was the most common cause, but a primary arrhythmic event (33.3 vs 25.5%) was more often documented in exercise related arrest patients. Exercise related arrest was mostly related to endurance training (52.8%) followed by ball sports (19.4%) and occurred directly during exercise in 77.8% of cases. Patients suffering exercise related arrest had higher survival till discharge (66.7 vs 47.7%, p = 0.036). Conclusion Based on this observational data from a highly selected group of out-of-hospital cardiac arrest patients treated at a cardiac arrest center, patients suffering an exercise related out-of-hospital cardiac arrest, differed in substantial characteristics and in the first line response compared to daily activity out-of-hospital cardiac arrest patients. The better survival to discharge of the exercise related out-of-hospital cardiac arrest group might be driven by these beneficial differences. This study underlines the need for public awareness for the importance of a fast first response and a broad distribution of automated external defibrillators in public sport areas since most of the exercise related out-of-hospital cardiac arrest patients presented with a cardiac cause and an initial shockable rhythm.
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Affiliation(s)
- K. Finke
- Department III of Internal Medicine, Heart Center, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Cologne, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | - M.M. Meertens
- Department III of Internal Medicine, Heart Center, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Cologne, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
- Center of Cardiology, Cardiology III - Angiology, University Medical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg-University, Mainz, Germany
| | - S. Macherey-Meyer
- Department III of Internal Medicine, Heart Center, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Cologne, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | - S. Heyne
- Department III of Internal Medicine, Heart Center, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Cologne, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | - S. Braumann
- Department III of Internal Medicine, Heart Center, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Cologne, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | - S. Baldus
- Department III of Internal Medicine, Heart Center, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Cologne, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | - S. Lee
- Department III of Internal Medicine, Heart Center, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Cologne, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | - C. Adler
- Department III of Internal Medicine, Heart Center, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Cologne, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
- Emergency Department, Leverkusen Medical Center, Leverkusen, Germany
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47
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Poli L, Greco G, Cataldi S, Ciccone MM, De Giosa A, Fischetti F. Multicomponent versus aerobic exercise intervention: Effects on hemodynamic, physical fitness and quality of life in adult and elderly cardiovascular disease patients: A randomized controlled study. Heliyon 2024; 10:e36200. [PMID: 39247338 PMCID: PMC11379608 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2024.e36200] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2024] [Revised: 08/01/2024] [Accepted: 08/12/2024] [Indexed: 09/10/2024] Open
Abstract
Objective Cardiovascular diseases (CVDs) remain a leading cause of mortality globally, emphasizing the need for effective preventive measures. This study aimed to investigate the effects of a multicomponent compared to an aerobic training program on the hemodynamic parameters, physical fitness, psychophysical health status and quality of life (QoL) of adults and elderly with stabilized CVDs. Methods Thirty-three subjects (19M and 14F; age 69.5 ± 4.9 years; BMI 27.34 ± 4.95 kg/m2) suffering from CVDs voluntarily participated in this 10-week randomized controlled study and were allocated into three groups: multicomponent training group (MTG; 6M, 6F; cardiorespiratory, resistance, flexibility and breathing exercises; 60', 2d·wk-1), aerobic training group (ATG; 7M, 5F; aerobic-only training; 60', 2d·wk-1) or a wait-list control group (CG; 6M, 3F; no PA). Hemodynamic parameters were assessed through resting hearth rate (RHR) and peripheral-systolic and diastolic blood pressure (P-SBP/P-DBP). Physical fitness was assessed via a 30" chair stand test (30CST), timed up and go (TUG) test, handgrip strength (HGS) test, and 2' step test (TMST). The health status, QoL and enjoyment were evaluated with short form-12 (SF-12), world health organization quality of life-bref (WHOQoL-bref) and physical activity enjoyment scale (PACES), respectively. Results After the intervention, MTG showed significant improvements in hemodynamic parameters (95 % CI, RHR: 2.76 to 9.07; P-SBP: 3.28 to 13.71; P-DBP: 3.56 to 8.94; p < 0.001), physical fitness (95 % CI, 30CST: 4.42 to -1.90; TUG: 0.56 to 1.58; TMST: 35.24 to -18.58; Dominant HGS: 4.00 to -1.65; Undominant HGS: 2.87 to -0.79, p < 0.001) and enjoyment (PACES: 15.18 to -5.48, p < 0.001) compared to CG; ATG showed significant improvement in hemodynamic parameters (95 % CI, RHR: 1.76 to 8.07; P-SBP: 3.19 to 13.63; P-DBP: 4.47 to 9.85, p < 0.001), physical fitness (95 % CI, 30CST: 2.59 to -0.07; TUG: 0.03 to 1.05; Dominant HGS: 2.42 to -0.07, p < 0.05; TMST: 36.08 to -19.41, p < 0.001) and enjoyment (PACES: 14.68 to -4.98, p < 0.001) compared to CG. No significant changes were observed in QoL and SF-12 (p > 0.05). Significant differences between MTG and ATG were only found in physical fitness variables (95 % CI, 30CST: 3.21 to -0.45, p < 0.01; Dominant HGS: 0.00 to 3.00, p < 0.05). Conclusions Findings showed significant improvements in hemodynamic parameters and physical fitness suggesting the effectiveness of the multicomponent exercise program, similar to aerobic-only training, and greater efficacy for lower limb strength and dominant hand grip strength in adults and elderly with stabilized CVDs. Both exercise groups showed similar levels of enjoyment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luca Poli
- Department of Translational Biomedicine and Neuroscience (DiBraiN), University of Study of Bari, 70124, Bari, Italy
| | - Gianpiero Greco
- Department of Translational Biomedicine and Neuroscience (DiBraiN), University of Study of Bari, 70124, Bari, Italy
| | - Stefania Cataldi
- Department of Translational Biomedicine and Neuroscience (DiBraiN), University of Study of Bari, 70124, Bari, Italy
| | - Marco Matteo Ciccone
- Department of Precision and Regenerative Medicine and Ionian Area (DiMePRe-J), University of Study of Bari, 70124, Bari, Italy
| | | | - Francesco Fischetti
- Department of Translational Biomedicine and Neuroscience (DiBraiN), University of Study of Bari, 70124, Bari, Italy
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Zhao M, Cao N, Gu H, Xu J, Xu W, Zhang D, Wei TYW, Wang K, Guo R, Cui H, Wang X, Guo X, Li Z, He K, Li Z, Zhang Y, Shyy JYJ, Dong E, Xiao H. AMPK Attenuation of β-Adrenergic Receptor-Induced Cardiac Injury via Phosphorylation of β-Arrestin-1-ser330. Circ Res 2024; 135:651-667. [PMID: 39082138 DOI: 10.1161/circresaha.124.324762] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/21/2024] [Revised: 07/16/2024] [Accepted: 07/22/2024] [Indexed: 09/01/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND β-adrenergic receptor (β-AR) overactivation is a major pathological cue associated with cardiac injury and diseases. AMPK (AMP-activated protein kinase), a conserved energy sensor, regulates energy metabolism and is cardioprotective. However, whether AMPK exerts cardioprotective effects via regulating the signaling pathway downstream of β-AR remains unclear. METHODS Using immunoprecipitation, mass spectrometry, site-specific mutation, in vitro kinase assay, and in vivo animal studies, we determined whether AMPK phosphorylates β-arrestin-1 at serine (Ser) 330. Wild-type mice and mice with site-specific mutagenesis (S330A knock-in [KI]/S330D KI) were subcutaneously injected with the β-AR agonist isoproterenol (5 mg/kg) to evaluate the causality between β-adrenergic insult and β-arrestin-1 Ser330 phosphorylation. Cardiac transcriptomics was used to identify changes in gene expression from β-arrestin-1-S330A/S330D mutation and β-adrenergic insult. RESULTS Metformin could decrease cAMP/PKA (protein kinase A) signaling induced by isoproterenol. AMPK bound to β-arrestin-1 and phosphorylated Ser330 with the highest phosphorylated mass spectrometry score. AMPK activation promoted β-arrestin-1 Ser330 phosphorylation in vitro and in vivo. Neonatal mouse cardiomyocytes overexpressing β-arrestin-1-S330D (active form) inhibited the β-AR/cAMP/PKA axis by increasing PDE (phosphodiesterase) 4 expression and activity. Cardiac transcriptomics revealed that the differentially expressed genes between isoproterenol-treated S330A KI and S330D KI mice were mainly involved in immune processes and inflammatory response. β-arrestin-1 Ser330 phosphorylation inhibited isoproterenol-induced reactive oxygen species production and NLRP3 (NOD-like receptor protein 3) inflammasome activation in neonatal mouse cardiomyocytes. In S330D KI mice, the β-AR-activated cAMP/PKA pathways were attenuated, leading to repressed inflammasome activation, reduced expression of proinflammatory cytokines, and mitigated macrophage infiltration. Compared with S330A KI mice, S330D KI mice showed diminished cardiac fibrosis and improved cardiac function upon isoproterenol exposure. However, the cardiac protection exerted by AMPK was abolished in S330A KI mice. CONCLUSIONS AMPK phosphorylation of β-arrestin-1 Ser330 potentiated PDE4 expression and activity, thereby inhibiting β-AR/cAMP/PKA activation. Subsequently, β-arrestin-1 Ser330 phosphorylation blocks β-AR-induced cardiac inflammasome activation and remodeling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mingming Zhao
- Department of Cardiology and Institute of Vascular Medicine, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing, China (M.Z., N.C., H.G., W.X., K.W., R.G., H.C., X.G., Zijian Li, Y.Z., E.D., H.X.)
- State Key Laboratory of Vascular Homeostasis and Remodeling, Institute of Advanced Clinical Medicine (M.Z., N.C., H.G., W.X., K.W., R.G., H.C., X.G., Zijian Li, Y.Z., E.D., H.X.), Peking University, Beijing, China
- National Health Commission (NHC) Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Molecular Biology and Regulatory Peptides, Beijing, China (M.Z., N.C., H.G., W.X., K.W., R.G., H.C., X.G., Zijian Li, Y.Z., E.D., H.X.)
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Receptors Research, China (M.Z., N.C., H.G., W.X., K.W., R.G., H.C., X.G., Zijian Li, Y.Z., E.D., H.X.)
- Research Unit of Medical Science Research Management/Basic and Clinical Research of Metabolic Cardiovascular Diseases, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, China (M.Z., N.C., H.G., W.X., K.W., R.G., H.C., X.G., Zijian Li, Y.Z., E.D., H.X.)
- Haihe Laboratory of Cell Ecosystem, Beijing, China (M.Z., N.C., H.G., W.X., K.W., R.G., H.C., X.G., Zijian Li, Y.Z., E.D., H.X.)
| | - Ning Cao
- Department of Cardiology and Institute of Vascular Medicine, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing, China (M.Z., N.C., H.G., W.X., K.W., R.G., H.C., X.G., Zijian Li, Y.Z., E.D., H.X.)
- State Key Laboratory of Vascular Homeostasis and Remodeling, Institute of Advanced Clinical Medicine (M.Z., N.C., H.G., W.X., K.W., R.G., H.C., X.G., Zijian Li, Y.Z., E.D., H.X.), Peking University, Beijing, China
- National Health Commission (NHC) Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Molecular Biology and Regulatory Peptides, Beijing, China (M.Z., N.C., H.G., W.X., K.W., R.G., H.C., X.G., Zijian Li, Y.Z., E.D., H.X.)
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Receptors Research, China (M.Z., N.C., H.G., W.X., K.W., R.G., H.C., X.G., Zijian Li, Y.Z., E.D., H.X.)
- Research Unit of Medical Science Research Management/Basic and Clinical Research of Metabolic Cardiovascular Diseases, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, China (M.Z., N.C., H.G., W.X., K.W., R.G., H.C., X.G., Zijian Li, Y.Z., E.D., H.X.)
- Haihe Laboratory of Cell Ecosystem, Beijing, China (M.Z., N.C., H.G., W.X., K.W., R.G., H.C., X.G., Zijian Li, Y.Z., E.D., H.X.)
- Department of Cardiology, Cardiovascular Center, Beijing Friendship Hospital (N.C.), Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Huijun Gu
- Department of Cardiology and Institute of Vascular Medicine, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing, China (M.Z., N.C., H.G., W.X., K.W., R.G., H.C., X.G., Zijian Li, Y.Z., E.D., H.X.)
- State Key Laboratory of Vascular Homeostasis and Remodeling, Institute of Advanced Clinical Medicine (M.Z., N.C., H.G., W.X., K.W., R.G., H.C., X.G., Zijian Li, Y.Z., E.D., H.X.), Peking University, Beijing, China
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Receptors Research, China (M.Z., N.C., H.G., W.X., K.W., R.G., H.C., X.G., Zijian Li, Y.Z., E.D., H.X.)
- Research Unit of Medical Science Research Management/Basic and Clinical Research of Metabolic Cardiovascular Diseases, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, China (M.Z., N.C., H.G., W.X., K.W., R.G., H.C., X.G., Zijian Li, Y.Z., E.D., H.X.)
- Haihe Laboratory of Cell Ecosystem, Beijing, China (M.Z., N.C., H.G., W.X., K.W., R.G., H.C., X.G., Zijian Li, Y.Z., E.D., H.X.)
| | - Jiachao Xu
- Laboratory for Clinical Medicine (N.C.), Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Wenli Xu
- Department of Cardiology and Institute of Vascular Medicine, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing, China (M.Z., N.C., H.G., W.X., K.W., R.G., H.C., X.G., Zijian Li, Y.Z., E.D., H.X.)
- State Key Laboratory of Vascular Homeostasis and Remodeling, Institute of Advanced Clinical Medicine (M.Z., N.C., H.G., W.X., K.W., R.G., H.C., X.G., Zijian Li, Y.Z., E.D., H.X.), Peking University, Beijing, China
- National Health Commission (NHC) Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Molecular Biology and Regulatory Peptides, Beijing, China (M.Z., N.C., H.G., W.X., K.W., R.G., H.C., X.G., Zijian Li, Y.Z., E.D., H.X.)
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Receptors Research, China (M.Z., N.C., H.G., W.X., K.W., R.G., H.C., X.G., Zijian Li, Y.Z., E.D., H.X.)
- Research Unit of Medical Science Research Management/Basic and Clinical Research of Metabolic Cardiovascular Diseases, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, China (M.Z., N.C., H.G., W.X., K.W., R.G., H.C., X.G., Zijian Li, Y.Z., E.D., H.X.)
- Haihe Laboratory of Cell Ecosystem, Beijing, China (M.Z., N.C., H.G., W.X., K.W., R.G., H.C., X.G., Zijian Li, Y.Z., E.D., H.X.)
- Research Center for Cardiopulmonary Rehabilitation, University of Health and Rehabilitation Sciences Qingdao Hospital (Qingdao Municipal Hospital), School of Health and Life Sciences, University of Health and Rehabilitation Sciences, Qingdao, China (W.X., E.D., H.X.)
| | - Di Zhang
- Center for Quantitative Biology, Academy for Advanced Interdisciplinary Studies (D.Z., Zhiyuan Li), Peking University, Beijing, China
| | - Tong-You Wade Wei
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla (T.-Y.W.W., J.Y.-J.S.)
| | - Kang Wang
- Department of Cardiology and Institute of Vascular Medicine, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing, China (M.Z., N.C., H.G., W.X., K.W., R.G., H.C., X.G., Zijian Li, Y.Z., E.D., H.X.)
- State Key Laboratory of Vascular Homeostasis and Remodeling, Institute of Advanced Clinical Medicine (M.Z., N.C., H.G., W.X., K.W., R.G., H.C., X.G., Zijian Li, Y.Z., E.D., H.X.), Peking University, Beijing, China
- National Health Commission (NHC) Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Molecular Biology and Regulatory Peptides, Beijing, China (M.Z., N.C., H.G., W.X., K.W., R.G., H.C., X.G., Zijian Li, Y.Z., E.D., H.X.)
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Receptors Research, China (M.Z., N.C., H.G., W.X., K.W., R.G., H.C., X.G., Zijian Li, Y.Z., E.D., H.X.)
- Research Unit of Medical Science Research Management/Basic and Clinical Research of Metabolic Cardiovascular Diseases, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, China (M.Z., N.C., H.G., W.X., K.W., R.G., H.C., X.G., Zijian Li, Y.Z., E.D., H.X.)
- Haihe Laboratory of Cell Ecosystem, Beijing, China (M.Z., N.C., H.G., W.X., K.W., R.G., H.C., X.G., Zijian Li, Y.Z., E.D., H.X.)
| | - Ruiping Guo
- Department of Cardiology and Institute of Vascular Medicine, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing, China (M.Z., N.C., H.G., W.X., K.W., R.G., H.C., X.G., Zijian Li, Y.Z., E.D., H.X.)
- State Key Laboratory of Vascular Homeostasis and Remodeling, Institute of Advanced Clinical Medicine (M.Z., N.C., H.G., W.X., K.W., R.G., H.C., X.G., Zijian Li, Y.Z., E.D., H.X.), Peking University, Beijing, China
- National Health Commission (NHC) Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Molecular Biology and Regulatory Peptides, Beijing, China (M.Z., N.C., H.G., W.X., K.W., R.G., H.C., X.G., Zijian Li, Y.Z., E.D., H.X.)
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Receptors Research, China (M.Z., N.C., H.G., W.X., K.W., R.G., H.C., X.G., Zijian Li, Y.Z., E.D., H.X.)
- Research Unit of Medical Science Research Management/Basic and Clinical Research of Metabolic Cardiovascular Diseases, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, China (M.Z., N.C., H.G., W.X., K.W., R.G., H.C., X.G., Zijian Li, Y.Z., E.D., H.X.)
- Haihe Laboratory of Cell Ecosystem, Beijing, China (M.Z., N.C., H.G., W.X., K.W., R.G., H.C., X.G., Zijian Li, Y.Z., E.D., H.X.)
| | - Hongtu Cui
- Department of Cardiology and Institute of Vascular Medicine, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing, China (M.Z., N.C., H.G., W.X., K.W., R.G., H.C., X.G., Zijian Li, Y.Z., E.D., H.X.)
- State Key Laboratory of Vascular Homeostasis and Remodeling, Institute of Advanced Clinical Medicine (M.Z., N.C., H.G., W.X., K.W., R.G., H.C., X.G., Zijian Li, Y.Z., E.D., H.X.), Peking University, Beijing, China
- National Health Commission (NHC) Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Molecular Biology and Regulatory Peptides, Beijing, China (M.Z., N.C., H.G., W.X., K.W., R.G., H.C., X.G., Zijian Li, Y.Z., E.D., H.X.)
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Receptors Research, China (M.Z., N.C., H.G., W.X., K.W., R.G., H.C., X.G., Zijian Li, Y.Z., E.D., H.X.)
- Research Unit of Medical Science Research Management/Basic and Clinical Research of Metabolic Cardiovascular Diseases, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, China (M.Z., N.C., H.G., W.X., K.W., R.G., H.C., X.G., Zijian Li, Y.Z., E.D., H.X.)
- Haihe Laboratory of Cell Ecosystem, Beijing, China (M.Z., N.C., H.G., W.X., K.W., R.G., H.C., X.G., Zijian Li, Y.Z., E.D., H.X.)
| | - Xiaofeng Wang
- Laboratory of Inflammation and Vaccines, Shenzhen Institute of Advanced Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenzhen, China (X.W.)
| | - Xin Guo
- Department of Cardiology and Institute of Vascular Medicine, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing, China (M.Z., N.C., H.G., W.X., K.W., R.G., H.C., X.G., Zijian Li, Y.Z., E.D., H.X.)
- State Key Laboratory of Vascular Homeostasis and Remodeling, Institute of Advanced Clinical Medicine (M.Z., N.C., H.G., W.X., K.W., R.G., H.C., X.G., Zijian Li, Y.Z., E.D., H.X.), Peking University, Beijing, China
- National Health Commission (NHC) Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Molecular Biology and Regulatory Peptides, Beijing, China (M.Z., N.C., H.G., W.X., K.W., R.G., H.C., X.G., Zijian Li, Y.Z., E.D., H.X.)
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Receptors Research, China (M.Z., N.C., H.G., W.X., K.W., R.G., H.C., X.G., Zijian Li, Y.Z., E.D., H.X.)
- Research Unit of Medical Science Research Management/Basic and Clinical Research of Metabolic Cardiovascular Diseases, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, China (M.Z., N.C., H.G., W.X., K.W., R.G., H.C., X.G., Zijian Li, Y.Z., E.D., H.X.)
- Haihe Laboratory of Cell Ecosystem, Beijing, China (M.Z., N.C., H.G., W.X., K.W., R.G., H.C., X.G., Zijian Li, Y.Z., E.D., H.X.)
| | - Zhiyuan Li
- Department of Cardiology and Institute of Vascular Medicine, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing, China (M.Z., N.C., H.G., W.X., K.W., R.G., H.C., X.G., Zijian Li, Y.Z., E.D., H.X.)
- State Key Laboratory of Vascular Homeostasis and Remodeling, Institute of Advanced Clinical Medicine (M.Z., N.C., H.G., W.X., K.W., R.G., H.C., X.G., Zijian Li, Y.Z., E.D., H.X.), Peking University, Beijing, China
- Center for Quantitative Biology, Academy for Advanced Interdisciplinary Studies (D.Z., Zhiyuan Li), Peking University, Beijing, China
| | - Kangmin He
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Developmental Biology, Institute of Genetics and Developmental Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China (J.X., K.H.)
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China (K.H.)
| | - Zijian Li
- National Health Commission (NHC) Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Molecular Biology and Regulatory Peptides, Beijing, China (M.Z., N.C., H.G., W.X., K.W., R.G., H.C., X.G., Zijian Li, Y.Z., E.D., H.X.)
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Receptors Research, China (M.Z., N.C., H.G., W.X., K.W., R.G., H.C., X.G., Zijian Li, Y.Z., E.D., H.X.)
- Research Unit of Medical Science Research Management/Basic and Clinical Research of Metabolic Cardiovascular Diseases, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, China (M.Z., N.C., H.G., W.X., K.W., R.G., H.C., X.G., Zijian Li, Y.Z., E.D., H.X.)
- Haihe Laboratory of Cell Ecosystem, Beijing, China (M.Z., N.C., H.G., W.X., K.W., R.G., H.C., X.G., Zijian Li, Y.Z., E.D., H.X.)
| | - Youyi Zhang
- Department of Cardiology and Institute of Vascular Medicine, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing, China (M.Z., N.C., H.G., W.X., K.W., R.G., H.C., X.G., Zijian Li, Y.Z., E.D., H.X.)
- State Key Laboratory of Vascular Homeostasis and Remodeling, Institute of Advanced Clinical Medicine (M.Z., N.C., H.G., W.X., K.W., R.G., H.C., X.G., Zijian Li, Y.Z., E.D., H.X.), Peking University, Beijing, China
- National Health Commission (NHC) Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Molecular Biology and Regulatory Peptides, Beijing, China (M.Z., N.C., H.G., W.X., K.W., R.G., H.C., X.G., Zijian Li, Y.Z., E.D., H.X.)
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Receptors Research, China (M.Z., N.C., H.G., W.X., K.W., R.G., H.C., X.G., Zijian Li, Y.Z., E.D., H.X.)
- Research Unit of Medical Science Research Management/Basic and Clinical Research of Metabolic Cardiovascular Diseases, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, China (M.Z., N.C., H.G., W.X., K.W., R.G., H.C., X.G., Zijian Li, Y.Z., E.D., H.X.)
- Haihe Laboratory of Cell Ecosystem, Beijing, China (M.Z., N.C., H.G., W.X., K.W., R.G., H.C., X.G., Zijian Li, Y.Z., E.D., H.X.)
| | - John Y-J Shyy
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla (T.-Y.W.W., J.Y.-J.S.)
| | - Erdan Dong
- Department of Cardiology and Institute of Vascular Medicine, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing, China (M.Z., N.C., H.G., W.X., K.W., R.G., H.C., X.G., Zijian Li, Y.Z., E.D., H.X.)
- State Key Laboratory of Vascular Homeostasis and Remodeling, Institute of Advanced Clinical Medicine (M.Z., N.C., H.G., W.X., K.W., R.G., H.C., X.G., Zijian Li, Y.Z., E.D., H.X.), Peking University, Beijing, China
- Institute of Cardiovascular Sciences (E.D.), Peking University, Beijing, China
- National Health Commission (NHC) Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Molecular Biology and Regulatory Peptides, Beijing, China (M.Z., N.C., H.G., W.X., K.W., R.G., H.C., X.G., Zijian Li, Y.Z., E.D., H.X.)
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Receptors Research, China (M.Z., N.C., H.G., W.X., K.W., R.G., H.C., X.G., Zijian Li, Y.Z., E.D., H.X.)
- Research Unit of Medical Science Research Management/Basic and Clinical Research of Metabolic Cardiovascular Diseases, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, China (M.Z., N.C., H.G., W.X., K.W., R.G., H.C., X.G., Zijian Li, Y.Z., E.D., H.X.)
- Haihe Laboratory of Cell Ecosystem, Beijing, China (M.Z., N.C., H.G., W.X., K.W., R.G., H.C., X.G., Zijian Li, Y.Z., E.D., H.X.)
- Research Center for Cardiopulmonary Rehabilitation, University of Health and Rehabilitation Sciences Qingdao Hospital (Qingdao Municipal Hospital), School of Health and Life Sciences, University of Health and Rehabilitation Sciences, Qingdao, China (W.X., E.D., H.X.)
| | - Han Xiao
- Department of Cardiology and Institute of Vascular Medicine, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing, China (M.Z., N.C., H.G., W.X., K.W., R.G., H.C., X.G., Zijian Li, Y.Z., E.D., H.X.)
- State Key Laboratory of Vascular Homeostasis and Remodeling, Institute of Advanced Clinical Medicine (M.Z., N.C., H.G., W.X., K.W., R.G., H.C., X.G., Zijian Li, Y.Z., E.D., H.X.), Peking University, Beijing, China
- National Health Commission (NHC) Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Molecular Biology and Regulatory Peptides, Beijing, China (M.Z., N.C., H.G., W.X., K.W., R.G., H.C., X.G., Zijian Li, Y.Z., E.D., H.X.)
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Receptors Research, China (M.Z., N.C., H.G., W.X., K.W., R.G., H.C., X.G., Zijian Li, Y.Z., E.D., H.X.)
- Research Unit of Medical Science Research Management/Basic and Clinical Research of Metabolic Cardiovascular Diseases, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, China (M.Z., N.C., H.G., W.X., K.W., R.G., H.C., X.G., Zijian Li, Y.Z., E.D., H.X.)
- Haihe Laboratory of Cell Ecosystem, Beijing, China (M.Z., N.C., H.G., W.X., K.W., R.G., H.C., X.G., Zijian Li, Y.Z., E.D., H.X.)
- Research Center for Cardiopulmonary Rehabilitation, University of Health and Rehabilitation Sciences Qingdao Hospital (Qingdao Municipal Hospital), School of Health and Life Sciences, University of Health and Rehabilitation Sciences, Qingdao, China (W.X., E.D., H.X.)
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49
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Celeski M, Di Gioia G, Nusca A, Segreti A, Squeo MR, Lemme E, Mango F, Ferrera A, Ussia GP, Grigioni F. The Spectrum of Coronary Artery Disease in Elite Endurance Athletes-A Long-Standing Debate: State-of-the-Art Review. J Clin Med 2024; 13:5144. [PMID: 39274357 PMCID: PMC11395881 DOI: 10.3390/jcm13175144] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2024] [Revised: 08/27/2024] [Accepted: 08/27/2024] [Indexed: 09/16/2024] Open
Abstract
Physical activity is recommended for the prevention of primary and secondary cardiovascular (CV) disease as it is linked to a number of health benefits, especially CV. However, recent research suggests that high-volume, long-term endurance exercise may hasten rather than slow the coronary atherosclerosis progression. This contentious theory has generated a great discussion and is still a major source of doubt when it comes to the clinical treatment of coronary artery disease (CAD) in athletes. CAD is the primary cause of sudden cardiac death in athletes over 35 years. Thus, recent studies evaluated the prevalence of CAD in athletes and its clinical and prognostic implications. Indeed, many studies have shown a relationship between endurance sports and higher volumes of coronary calcified plaque as determined by computed tomography. However, the precise pathogenetic substrate for the existence of an increased coronary calcification burden among endurance athletes remains unclear. Moreover, the idea that coronary plaques in elite athletes present a benign morphology has been cast into doubt by some recent studies showing potential association with adverse cardiovascular events. This review aims to analyze the association between physical activity and CAD, explaining possible underlying mechanisms of atherosclerotic progression and non-ischemic coronary lesions, focusing primarily on clinical and prognostic implications, multimodal evaluation, and management of CAD in endurance athletes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mihail Celeski
- Fondazione Policlinico Universitario Campus Bio-Medico, Via Alvaro del Portillo, 200, 00128 Roma, Italy
- Unit of Cardiovascular Sciences, Department of Medicine and Surgery, Università Campus Bio-Medico di Roma, Via Alvaro del Portillo, 21, 00128 Roma, Italy
| | - Giuseppe Di Gioia
- Institute of Sports Medicine and Science, National Italian Olympic Committee, Largo Piero Gabrielli, 1, 00197 Roma, Italy
- Department of Movement, Human and Health Sciences, University of Rome "Foro Italico", Piazza Lauro de Bosis, 6, 00135 Roma, Italy
| | - Annunziata Nusca
- Fondazione Policlinico Universitario Campus Bio-Medico, Via Alvaro del Portillo, 200, 00128 Roma, Italy
- Unit of Cardiovascular Sciences, Department of Medicine and Surgery, Università Campus Bio-Medico di Roma, Via Alvaro del Portillo, 21, 00128 Roma, Italy
| | - Andrea Segreti
- Fondazione Policlinico Universitario Campus Bio-Medico, Via Alvaro del Portillo, 200, 00128 Roma, Italy
- Unit of Cardiovascular Sciences, Department of Medicine and Surgery, Università Campus Bio-Medico di Roma, Via Alvaro del Portillo, 21, 00128 Roma, Italy
- Department of Movement, Human and Health Sciences, University of Rome "Foro Italico", Piazza Lauro de Bosis, 6, 00135 Roma, Italy
| | - Maria Rosaria Squeo
- Institute of Sports Medicine and Science, National Italian Olympic Committee, Largo Piero Gabrielli, 1, 00197 Roma, Italy
| | - Erika Lemme
- Institute of Sports Medicine and Science, National Italian Olympic Committee, Largo Piero Gabrielli, 1, 00197 Roma, Italy
| | - Federica Mango
- Institute of Sports Medicine and Science, National Italian Olympic Committee, Largo Piero Gabrielli, 1, 00197 Roma, Italy
| | - Armando Ferrera
- Institute of Sports Medicine and Science, National Italian Olympic Committee, Largo Piero Gabrielli, 1, 00197 Roma, Italy
- Clinical and Molecular Medicine Department, Sapienza University of Rome, 00198 Roma, Italy
| | - Gian Paolo Ussia
- Fondazione Policlinico Universitario Campus Bio-Medico, Via Alvaro del Portillo, 200, 00128 Roma, Italy
- Unit of Cardiovascular Sciences, Department of Medicine and Surgery, Università Campus Bio-Medico di Roma, Via Alvaro del Portillo, 21, 00128 Roma, Italy
| | - Francesco Grigioni
- Fondazione Policlinico Universitario Campus Bio-Medico, Via Alvaro del Portillo, 200, 00128 Roma, Italy
- Unit of Cardiovascular Sciences, Department of Medicine and Surgery, Università Campus Bio-Medico di Roma, Via Alvaro del Portillo, 21, 00128 Roma, Italy
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50
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Koskinas KC, Van Craenenbroeck EM, Antoniades C, Blüher M, Gorter TM, Hanssen H, Marx N, McDonagh TA, Mingrone G, Rosengren A, Prescott EB. Obesity and cardiovascular disease: an ESC clinical consensus statement. Eur J Prev Cardiol 2024:zwae279. [PMID: 39210708 DOI: 10.1093/eurjpc/zwae279] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/14/2024] [Revised: 07/08/2024] [Accepted: 07/26/2024] [Indexed: 09/04/2024]
Abstract
The global prevalence of obesity has more than doubled over the past four decades, currently affecting more than a billion individuals. Beyond its recognition as a high-risk condition that is causally linked to many chronic illnesses, obesity has been declared a disease per se that results in impaired quality of life and reduced life expectancy. Notably, two-thirds of obesity-related excess mortality is attributable to cardiovascular disease. Despite the increasingly appreciated link between obesity and a broad range of cardiovascular disease manifestations including atherosclerotic disease, heart failure, thromboembolic disease, arrhythmias, and sudden cardiac death, obesity has been underrecognized and sub-optimally addressed compared with other modifiable cardiovascular risk factors. In the view of major repercussions of the obesity epidemic on public health, attention has focused on population-based and personalized approaches to prevent excess weight gain and maintain a healthy body weight from early childhood and throughout adult life, as well as on comprehensive weight loss interventions for persons with established obesity. This clinical consensus statement by the European Society of Cardiology discusses current evidence on the epidemiology and aetiology of obesity; the interplay between obesity, cardiovascular risk factors and cardiac conditions; the clinical management of patients with cardiac disease and obesity; and weight loss strategies including lifestyle changes, interventional procedures, and anti-obesity medications with particular focus on their impact on cardiometabolic risk and cardiac outcomes. The document aims to raise awareness on obesity as a major risk factor and provide guidance for implementing evidence-based practices for its prevention and optimal management within the context of primary and secondary cardiovascular disease prevention.
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Affiliation(s)
- Konstantinos C Koskinas
- Department of Cardiology, Bern University Hospital-INSELSPITAL, University of Bern, Freiburgstrasse 18, Bern 3010, Switzerland
| | - Emeline M Van Craenenbroeck
- Department of Cardiology, Antwerp University Hospital, Drie Eikenstraat 655, Antwerp 2650, Belgium
- Research group Cardiovascular Diseases, GENCOR, University of Antwerp, Antwerp, Belgium
| | - Charalambos Antoniades
- Acute Multidisciplinary Imaging and Interventional Centre Radcliffe Department of Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - Matthias Blüher
- Helmholtz Zentrum München at the University of Leipzig and University Hospital Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Thomas M Gorter
- Department of Cardiology, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Henner Hanssen
- Department of Sport, Exercise and Health, University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Nikolaus Marx
- Department of Internal Medicine I-Cardiology, RWTH Aachen University, Aachen, Germany
| | - Theresa A McDonagh
- Cardiology Department, King's College Hospital, London, UK
- King's College, London, UK
| | - Geltrude Mingrone
- Cardiovascular and Metabolic Medicine & Sciences, King's College London, London, UK
- Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario A. Gemelli & Catholic University, Rome, Italy
| | - Annika Rosengren
- Department of Molecular and Clinical Medicine, Institute of Medicine, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
- Sahlgrenska University Hospital/Ostra, Västra Götaland Region, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Eva B Prescott
- Bispebjerg Frederiksberg Hospital, University of Copenhagen, Bispebjerg Bakke 23, Copenhagen 2400, Denmark
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