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Buchwald CLV, Jabri A, Fadel R, Alhuneafat L, Wang DD, Mariscal E, Alqarqaz M, Engel P, O'Neill B, Frisoli T, Lee J, Abbas A, O'Neill WW, Villablanca PA. The various perioperative issues of structural heart diseases and cardiogenic shock. Curr Probl Cardiol 2024; 49:102646. [PMID: 38820919 DOI: 10.1016/j.cpcardiol.2024.102646] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/13/2024] [Accepted: 05/14/2024] [Indexed: 06/02/2024]
Abstract
Up to 20 % of patients presenting with acute heart failure and cardiogenic shock have a structural etiology. Despite efforts in timely management, mortality rates remain alarmingly high, ranging from 50 % to 80 %. Surgical intervention is often the definitive treatment for structural heart disease; however, many patients are considered high risk or unsuitable candidates for such procedures. Consequently, there has been a paradigm shift towards the development of novel percutaneous management strategies and temporizing interventions. This article aims to provide a comprehensive review of the pathophysiology of valvular and structural heart conditions presenting in cardiogenic shock, focusing on the evolving landscape of mechanical circulatory support devices and other management modalities.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Ahmad Jabri
- Center for Structural Heart Disease, Henry Ford Hospital, Detroit, USA.
| | - Raef Fadel
- Center for Structural Heart Disease, Henry Ford Hospital, Detroit, USA
| | - Laith Alhuneafat
- Division of Cardiovascular medicine, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, USA
| | - Dee Dee Wang
- Center for Structural Heart Disease, Henry Ford Hospital, Detroit, USA
| | - Enrique Mariscal
- Center for Structural Heart Disease, Henry Ford Hospital, Detroit, USA
| | - Mohammad Alqarqaz
- Center for Structural Heart Disease, Henry Ford Hospital, Detroit, USA
| | - Pedro Engel
- Center for Structural Heart Disease, Henry Ford Hospital, Detroit, USA
| | - Brian O'Neill
- Center for Structural Heart Disease, Henry Ford Hospital, Detroit, USA
| | - Tiberio Frisoli
- Center for Structural Heart Disease, Henry Ford Hospital, Detroit, USA
| | - James Lee
- Center for Structural Heart Disease, Henry Ford Hospital, Detroit, USA
| | - Amr Abbas
- Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, William Beaumont University Hospital, Royal Oak, MI, USA
| | - William W O'Neill
- Center for Structural Heart Disease, Henry Ford Hospital, Detroit, USA
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2
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Aminorroaya A, Dhingra LS, Camargos AP, Shankar SV, Khunte A, Sangha V, Sen S, McNamara RL, Haynes N, Oikonomou EK, Khera R. Study Protocol for the Artificial Intelligence-Driven Evaluation of Structural Heart Diseases Using Wearable Electrocardiogram (ID-SHD). MEDRXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR HEALTH SCIENCES 2024:2024.03.18.24304477. [PMID: 38562867 PMCID: PMC10984075 DOI: 10.1101/2024.03.18.24304477] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/04/2024]
Abstract
Introduction Portable devices capable of electrocardiogram (ECG) acquisition have the potential to enhance structural heart disease (SHD) management by enabling early detection through artificial intelligence-ECG (AI-ECG) algorithms. However, the performance of these AI algorithms for identifying SHD in a real-world screening setting is unknown. To address this gap, we aim to evaluate the validity of our wearable-adapted AI algorithm, which has been previously developed and validated for detecting SHD from single-lead portable ECGs in patients undergoing routine echocardiograms in the Yale New Haven Hospital (YNHH). Research Methods and Analysis This is the protocol for a cross-sectional study in the echocardiographic laboratories of YNHH. The study will enroll 585 patients referred for outpatient transthoracic echocardiogram (TTE) as part of their routine clinical care. Patients expressing interest in participating in the study will undergo a screening interview, followed by enrollment upon meeting eligibility criteria and providing informed consent. During their routine visit, patients will undergo a 1-lead ECG with two devices - one with an Apple Watch and the second with another portable 1-lead ECG device. With participant consent, these 1-lead ECG data will be linked to participant demographic and clinical data recorded in the YNHH electronic health records (EHR). The study will assess the performance of the AI-ECG algorithm in identifying SHD, including left ventricular systolic dysfunction (LVSD), valvular disease and severe left ventricular hypertrophy (LVH), by comparing the algorithm's results with data obtained from TTE, which is the established gold standard for diagnosing SHD. Ethics and Dissemination All patient EHR data required for assessing eligibility and conducting the AI-ECG will be accessed through secure servers approved for protected health information. Data will be maintained on secure, encrypted servers for a minimum of five years after the publication of our findings in a peer-reviewed journal, and any unanticipated adverse events or risks will be reported by the principal investigator to the Yale Institutional Review Board, which has reviewed and approved this protocol (Protocol Number: 2000035532).
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Affiliation(s)
- Arya Aminorroaya
- Section of Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT
| | - Lovedeep Singh Dhingra
- Section of Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT
| | - Aline Pedroso Camargos
- Section of Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT
| | - Sumukh Vasisht Shankar
- Section of Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT
| | - Akshay Khunte
- Department of Computer Science, Yale University, New Haven, CT, USA
| | - Veer Sangha
- Section of Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT
- Department of Engineering Science, Oxford University, Oxford, OX1 3PJ, United Kingdom
| | - Sounok Sen
- Section of Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT
| | - Robert L McNamara
- Section of Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT
| | - Norrisa Haynes
- Section of Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT
| | - Evangelos K Oikonomou
- Section of Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT
| | - Rohan Khera
- Section of Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT
- Center for Outcomes Research and Evaluation (CORE), Yale New Haven Hospital, New Haven, CT, USA
- Section of Health Informatics, Department of Biostatistics, Yale School of Public Health, New Haven, CT, USA
- Section of Biomedical Informatics and Data Science, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut, USA
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3
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Han Y. New devices of transcatheter interventions for structural heart disease in China. Eur Heart J 2024:ehae172. [PMID: 38607335 DOI: 10.1093/eurheartj/ehae172] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/13/2024] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Yaling Han
- Department of Cardiology, General Hospital of Northern Theater Command, No. 83 Wenhua Road, Shenyang, 110016, China
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4
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Proffitt EK, Kaproth-Joslin K, Chaturvedi A, Hobbs SK. Role of Magnetic Resonance Imaging in Transcatheter Structural Heart Disease Interventions. Semin Roentgenol 2024; 59:20-31. [PMID: 38388093 DOI: 10.1053/j.ro.2023.12.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/09/2023] [Revised: 11/25/2023] [Accepted: 12/01/2023] [Indexed: 02/24/2024]
Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Abhishek Chaturvedi
- Department of Imaging Sciences, Division of Cardiothoracic Imaging, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, NY.
| | - Susan K Hobbs
- University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, NY
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5
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George SA, Brennan-McLean JA, Trampel KA, Rytkin E, Faye NR, Knollmann BC, Efimov IR. Ryanodine receptor inhibition with acute dantrolene treatment reduces arrhythmia susceptibility in human hearts. Am J Physiol Heart Circ Physiol 2023; 325:H720-H728. [PMID: 37566110 DOI: 10.1152/ajpheart.00103.2023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2023] [Revised: 07/26/2023] [Accepted: 08/03/2023] [Indexed: 08/12/2023]
Abstract
Ryanodine receptor 2 (RyR2) hyperactivity is observed in structural heart diseases that are a result of ischemia or heart failure. It causes abnormal calcium handling and calcium leaks that cause metabolic, electrical, and mechanical dysfunction, which can trigger arrhythmias. Here, we tested the antiarrhythmic potential of dantrolene (RyR inhibitor) in human hearts. Human hearts not used in transplantation were obtained, and right ventricular outflow tract (RVOT) wedges and left ventricular (LV) slices were prepared. Pseudo-ECGs were recorded to determine premature ventricular contraction (PVC) incidences. Optical mapping was performed to determine arrhythmogenic substrates. After baseline optical recordings, tissues were treated with 1) isoproterenol (250 nM), 2) caffeine (200 mM), and 3) dantrolene (2 or 10 mM). Optical recordings were obtained after each treatment. Isoproterenol and caffeine treatment increased PVC incidence, whereas dantrolene reduced the PVC burden. Isoproterenol shortened action potential duration (APD) in the RV, RVOT, and LV regions and shortened calcium transient duration (CaTD) in the LV. Caffeine further shortened APD in the RV, did not modulate APD in the RVOT, and prolonged APD in the LV. In addition, in the LV, CaTD prolongation was also observed. More importantly, adding dantrolene did not alter APD in the RV or RVOT regions but produced a trend toward APD prolongation and significant CaTD prolongation in the LV, restoring these parameters to baseline values. In conclusions, dantrolene treatment suppresses triggers and reverses arrhythmogenic substrates in the human heart and could be a novel antiarrhythmic therapy in patients with structural heart disease.NEW & NOTEWORTHY Ryanodine receptor 2 hyperactivity is observed in structural heart diseases caused by ischemia or heart failure. It causes abnormal calcium leaks, which can trigger arrhythmias. To prevent arrhythmias, we applied dantrolene in human hearts ex vivo. Isoproterenol and caffeine treatment increased PVC incidence, whereas dantrolene reduced the PVC burden. Dantrolene treatment suppresses triggers and reverses arrhythmogenic substrates and could be a novel antiarrhythmic therapy in patients with structural heart disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sharon A George
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, George Washington University, Washington, District of Columbia, United States
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Northwestern University, Chicago, Illinois, United States
| | - Jaclyn A Brennan-McLean
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, George Washington University, Washington, District of Columbia, United States
| | - Katy A Trampel
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, George Washington University, Washington, District of Columbia, United States
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Northwestern University, Chicago, Illinois, United States
| | - Eric Rytkin
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, George Washington University, Washington, District of Columbia, United States
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Northwestern University, Chicago, Illinois, United States
| | - N Rokhaya Faye
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, George Washington University, Washington, District of Columbia, United States
| | - Bjorn C Knollmann
- Vanderbilt Center for Arrhythmia Research and Therapeutics, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, Tennessee, United States
| | - Igor R Efimov
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, George Washington University, Washington, District of Columbia, United States
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Northwestern University, Chicago, Illinois, United States
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Zhang X, Gosnell J, Nainamalai V, Page S, Huang S, Haw M, Peng B, Vettukattil J, Jiang J. Advances in TEE-Centric Intraprocedural Multimodal Image Guidance for Congenital and Structural Heart Disease. Diagnostics (Basel) 2023; 13:2981. [PMID: 37761348 PMCID: PMC10530233 DOI: 10.3390/diagnostics13182981] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2023] [Revised: 08/17/2023] [Accepted: 08/17/2023] [Indexed: 09/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Percutaneous interventions are gaining rapid acceptance in cardiology and revolutionizing the treatment of structural heart disease (SHD). As new percutaneous procedures of SHD are being developed, their associated complexity and anatomical variability demand a high-resolution special understanding for intraprocedural image guidance. During the last decade, three-dimensional (3D) transesophageal echocardiography (TEE) has become one of the most accessed imaging methods for structural interventions. Although 3D-TEE can assess cardiac structures and functions in real-time, its limitations (e.g., limited field of view, image quality at a large depth, etc.) must be addressed for its universal adaptation, as well as to improve the quality of its imaging and interventions. This review aims to present the role of TEE in the intraprocedural guidance of percutaneous structural interventions. We also focus on the current and future developments required in a multimodal image integration process when using TEE to enhance the management of congenital and SHD treatments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xinyue Zhang
- School of Computer Science, Southwest Petroleum University, Chengdu 610500, China; (X.Z.); (B.P.)
| | - Jordan Gosnell
- Betz Congenital Health Center, Helen DeVos Children’s Hospital, Grand Rapids, MI 49503, USA; (J.G.); (S.H.); (M.H.)
| | - Varatharajan Nainamalai
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Michigan Technological University, Houghton, MI 49931, USA; (V.N.); (S.P.)
- Joint Center for Biocomputing and Digital Health, Health Research Institute and Institute of Computing and Cybernetics, Michigan Technological University, Houghton, MI 49931, USA
| | - Savannah Page
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Michigan Technological University, Houghton, MI 49931, USA; (V.N.); (S.P.)
- Joint Center for Biocomputing and Digital Health, Health Research Institute and Institute of Computing and Cybernetics, Michigan Technological University, Houghton, MI 49931, USA
| | - Sihong Huang
- Betz Congenital Health Center, Helen DeVos Children’s Hospital, Grand Rapids, MI 49503, USA; (J.G.); (S.H.); (M.H.)
| | - Marcus Haw
- Betz Congenital Health Center, Helen DeVos Children’s Hospital, Grand Rapids, MI 49503, USA; (J.G.); (S.H.); (M.H.)
| | - Bo Peng
- School of Computer Science, Southwest Petroleum University, Chengdu 610500, China; (X.Z.); (B.P.)
| | - Joseph Vettukattil
- Betz Congenital Health Center, Helen DeVos Children’s Hospital, Grand Rapids, MI 49503, USA; (J.G.); (S.H.); (M.H.)
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Michigan Technological University, Houghton, MI 49931, USA; (V.N.); (S.P.)
| | - Jingfeng Jiang
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Michigan Technological University, Houghton, MI 49931, USA; (V.N.); (S.P.)
- Joint Center for Biocomputing and Digital Health, Health Research Institute and Institute of Computing and Cybernetics, Michigan Technological University, Houghton, MI 49931, USA
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Ray L, Geier C, DeWitt KM. Pathophysiology and treatment of adults with arrhythmias in the emergency department, part 1: Atrial arrhythmias. Am J Health Syst Pharm 2023; 80:1039-1055. [PMID: 37227130 DOI: 10.1093/ajhp/zxad108] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2023] [Indexed: 05/26/2023] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE This article, the first in a 2-part review, aims to reinforce current literature on the pathophysiology of cardiac arrhythmias and various evidence-based treatment approaches and clinical considerations in the acute care setting. Part 1 of this series focuses on atrial arrhythmias. SUMMARY Arrhythmias are prevalent throughout the world and a common presenting condition in the emergency department (ED) setting. Atrial fibrillation (AF) is the most common arrhythmia worldwide and expected to increase in prevalence. Treatment approaches have evolved over time with advances in catheter-directed ablation. Based on historic trials, heart rate control has been the long-standing accepted outpatient treatment modality for AF, but the use of antiarrhythmics is often still indicated for AF in the acute setting, and ED pharmacists should be prepared and poised to help in AF management. Other atrial arrhythmias include atrial flutter (AFL), atrioventricular nodal reentry tachycardia (AVNRT), and atrioventricular reentrant tachycardia (AVRT), which warrant distinction due to their unique pathophysiology and because each requires a different approach to utilization of antiarrhythmics. Atrial arrhythmias are typically associated with greater hemodynamic stability than ventricular arrhythmias but still require nuanced management according to patient subset and risk factors. Since antiarrhythmics can also be proarrhythmic, they may destabilize the patient due to adverse effects, many of which are the focus of black-box label warnings that can be overreaching and limit treatment options. Electrical cardioversion for atrial arrhythmias is generally successful and, depending on the setting and/or hemodynamics, often indicated. CONCLUSION Atrial arrhythmias arise from a variety of mechanisms, and appropriate treatment depends on various factors. A firm understanding of physiological and pharmacological concepts serves as a foundation for exploring evidence supporting agents, indications, and adverse effects in order to provide appropriate care for patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lance Ray
- Denver Health and Hospital Authority, Denver, CO
- Department of Emergency Medicine, University of Colorado, Aurora, CO, USA
| | - Curtis Geier
- San Francisco General Hospital, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Kyle M DeWitt
- University of Vermont Medical Center, Burlington, VT, USA
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8
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Trohman RG, Huang HD, Sharma PS. Atrial fibrillation: primary prevention, secondary prevention, and prevention of thromboembolic complications: part 1. Front Cardiovasc Med 2023; 10:1060030. [PMID: 37396596 PMCID: PMC10311453 DOI: 10.3389/fcvm.2023.1060030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/02/2022] [Accepted: 03/14/2023] [Indexed: 07/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Atrial fibrillation (AF), is the most common sustained cardiac arrhythmia. It was once thought to be benign as long as the ventricular rate was controlled, however, AF is associated with significant cardiac morbidity and mortality. Increasing life expectancy driven by improved health care and decreased fertility rates has, in most of the world, resulted in the population aged ≥65 years growing more rapidly than the overall population. As the population ages, projections suggest that the burden of AF may increase more than 60% by 2050. Although considerable progress has been made in the treatment and management of AF, primary prevention, secondary prevention, and prevention of thromboembolic complications remain a work in progress. This narrative review was facilitated by a MEDLINE search to identify peer-reviewed clinical trials, randomized controlled trials, meta-analyses, and other clinically relevant studies. The search was limited to English-language reports published between 1950 and 2021. Atrial fibrillation was searched via the terms primary prevention, hyperthyroidism, Wolff-Parkinson-White syndrome, catheter ablation, surgical ablation, hybrid ablation, stroke prevention, anticoagulation, left atrial occlusion and atrial excision. Google and Google scholar as well as bibliographies of identified articles were reviewed for additional references. In these two manuscripts, we discuss the current strategies available to prevent AF, then compare noninvasive and invasive treatment strategies to diminish AF recurrence. In addition, we examine the pharmacological, percutaneous device and surgical approaches to prevent stroke as well as other types of thromboembolic events.
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Stephenson N, Pushparajah K, Wheeler G, Deng S, Schnabel JA, Simpson JM. Extended reality for procedural planning and guidance in structural heart disease - a review of the state-of-the-art. THE INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF CARDIOVASCULAR IMAGING 2023:10.1007/s10554-023-02823-z. [PMID: 37103667 DOI: 10.1007/s10554-023-02823-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/23/2022] [Accepted: 02/22/2023] [Indexed: 04/28/2023]
Abstract
Extended reality (XR), which encompasses virtual, augmented and mixed reality, is an emerging medical imaging display platform which enables intuitive and immersive interaction in a three-dimensional space. This technology holds the potential to enhance understanding of complex spatial relationships when planning and guiding cardiac procedures in congenital and structural heart disease moving beyond conventional 2D and 3D image displays. A systematic review of the literature demonstrates a rapid increase in publications describing adoption of this technology. At least 33 XR systems have been described, with many demonstrating proof of concept, but with no specific mention of regulatory approval including some prospective studies. Validation remains limited, and true clinical benefit difficult to measure. This review describes and critically appraises the range of XR technologies and its applications for procedural planning and guidance in structural heart disease while discussing the challenges that need to be overcome in future studies to achieve safe and effective clinical adoption.
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Affiliation(s)
- Natasha Stephenson
- School of Biomedical Engineering and Imaging Sciences, King's College London, London, UK.
- Department of Congenital Heart Disease, Evelina Children's Hospital, London, UK.
- St Thomas' Hospital, 3rd Floor, Lambeth Wing, SE1 7EH, London, UK.
| | - Kuberan Pushparajah
- School of Biomedical Engineering and Imaging Sciences, King's College London, London, UK
- Department of Congenital Heart Disease, Evelina Children's Hospital, London, UK
| | - Gavin Wheeler
- School of Biomedical Engineering and Imaging Sciences, King's College London, London, UK
| | - Shujie Deng
- School of Biomedical Engineering and Imaging Sciences, King's College London, London, UK
| | - Julia A Schnabel
- School of Biomedical Engineering and Imaging Sciences, King's College London, London, UK
- Technical University of Munich, Munich, Germany
- Institute of Machine Learning in Biomedical Imaging, Helmholtz Center Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - John M Simpson
- School of Biomedical Engineering and Imaging Sciences, King's College London, London, UK
- Department of Congenital Heart Disease, Evelina Children's Hospital, London, UK
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10
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Catheter Ablation for Atrial Fibrillation in Structural Heart Disease: A Review. J Clin Med 2023; 12:jcm12041431. [PMID: 36835964 PMCID: PMC9966488 DOI: 10.3390/jcm12041431] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2023] [Revised: 02/02/2023] [Accepted: 02/07/2023] [Indexed: 02/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Atrial fibrillation (AF) is the most common arrhythmia encountered in clinical practice. Patients with structural heart disease (SHD) are at an increased risk of developing this arrhythmia and are particularly susceptible to the deleterious hemodynamic effects it carries. In the last two decades, catheter ablation (CA) has emerged as a valuable strategy for rhythm control and is currently part of the standard care for symptomatic relief in patients with AF. Growing evidence suggests that CA of AF may have potential benefits that extend beyond symptoms. In this review, we summarize the current knowledge of this intervention on SHD patients.
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11
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Paul A, Pai PG, Ariyannur PS, Joy RA. Diagnostic accuracy of MicroRNA 208b level with respect to different types of atrial fibrillation. Indian Heart J 2021; 73:506-510. [PMID: 34474768 PMCID: PMC8424364 DOI: 10.1016/j.ihj.2021.06.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2020] [Revised: 05/04/2021] [Accepted: 06/27/2021] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
MicroRNAs (miRNA) are prerequisite for cardiovascular functions. miRNA miR-208 b is a cardio-specific miRNA with tissue (atrial) levels elevated in atrial fibrillation (AFib) and blood levels significantly elevated in myocardial infarction. We calculated serum levels of miR-208 b in paroxysmal and persistent AFib, embolic cerebrovascular accident patients with AFib as possible etiology and controls. There was a statistically significant change of miR-208 b levels in paroxysmal (p = 0.044) and persistent (p = 0.040) AFib patients, but not for embolic CVA patients. miR-208 b could serve as a new serum marker for paroxysmal AFib.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abraham Paul
- Cardiology, Amrita Institute of Medical Sciences and Research Centre, Kochi, India.
| | - Praveen G Pai
- Cardiology, Amrita Institute of Medical Sciences and Research Centre, Kochi, India.
| | - Prasanth S Ariyannur
- Biochemistry & Molecular Biology, Amrita Institute of Medical Sciences and Research Centre, Kochi, India.
| | - Reenu Anne Joy
- Biochemistry & Molecular Biology, Amrita Institute of Medical Sciences and Research Centre, Kochi, India.
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12
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Trajcheski T, Brovina L, Zafirova B, Trajceska L. Introduction of Cardiac Magnetic Resonance Imaging in Kosovo: First Fifty Consecutive Patients Registry Report. Open Access Maced J Med Sci 2021. [DOI: 10.3889/oamjms.2021.6085] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND: Cardiac magnetic resonance (CMR) as advanced diagnostic tool for the heart has been introduced in our institution since September 2019.
AIM: We report on the first fifty consecutive patients using this imaging modality.
METHODS AND MATERIALS: Strict protocol for CMR procedure, imaging quality assessment, contraindications, and informed consent were established. Patients selected for CMR were enrolled in a prospective registry. Visualizing the heart chambers, heart muscle and heart valves, resulted in acquiring complex imaging of the heart structure and function. When applicable, patients received gadolinium contrast agent for Late Gadolinium Enhancement (LGE). Adenosine was used for stress induced myocardial perfusion study. In this study, we report on the initial CMR procedures in the first 15 months.
RESULTS: The age of the patients ranges from 17 to 82 and the number of male and female patients was well balanced. No absolute contraindications were met in any patient. Relative contraindications were noted but did not prevent from performing the scan. Different cardiac pathologies were encountered in the examined patients. Most common was the ischemic heart disease – 19 (38%). We had 15 (30%) out of 46 (92%) CMR procedures with LGE showing fibrotic scaring. Quality image assessment was scaled from poor to excellent. Most of the assessments were graded very good and good (46% and 48%), no poor, and very poor noted.
CONCLUSION: CMR has been successfully introduced in Kosovo as excellent imaging tool for diagnosing and characterizing a nearly exhaustive spectrum of heart diseases.
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13
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Agricola E, Ancona F, Brochet E, Donal E, Dweck M, Faletra F, Lancellotti P, Mahmoud-Elsayed H, Marsan NA, Maurovich-Hovart P, Monaghan M, Ribeiro J, Sade LE, Swaans M, Von Bardeleben RS, Wunderlich N, Zamorano JL, Popescu BA, Cosyns B, Edvardsen T, Bertrand P, Delgado V, Gerber B, Stankovic I. The structural heart disease interventional imager rationale, skills and training: a position paper of the European Association of Cardiovascular Imaging. Eur Heart J Cardiovasc Imaging 2021; 22:471-479. [DOI: 10.1093/ehjci/jeab005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/05/2021] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract
Percutaneous therapeutic options for an increasing variety of structural heart diseases (SHD) have grown dramatically. Within this context of continuous expansion of devices and procedures, there has been increased demand for physicians with specific knowledge, skills, and advanced training in multimodality cardiac imaging. As a consequence, a new subspecialty of ‘Interventional Imaging’ for SHD interventions and a new dedicated professional figure, the ‘Interventional Imager’ with specific competencies has emerged. The interventional imager is an integral part of the heart team and plays a central role in decision-making throughout the patient pathway, including the appropriateness and feasibility of a procedure, pre-procedural planning, intra-procedural guidance, and post-procedural follow-up. However, inherent challenges exist to develop a training programme for SHD imaging that differs from traditional cardiovascular imaging pathways. The purpose of this document is to provide the standard requirements for the training in SHD imaging, as well as a starting point for an official certification process for SHD interventional imager.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eustachio Agricola
- Cardiovascular Imaging Unit, San Raffaele Hospital, IRCCS, Vita-Salute San Raffaele University, Milan, Italy
| | - Francesco Ancona
- Cardiovascular Imaging Unit, San Raffaele Hospital, Milan, Italy
| | - Eric Brochet
- Cardiology Department, Hôpital BICHAT Paris, France
| | - Erwan Donal
- Cardiologie, CHU de RENNES, LTSI UMR1099, INSERM, Université de Rennes-1, Rennes, France
| | - Marc Dweck
- Centre for Cardiovascular Science, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
| | - Francesco Faletra
- Director of cardiac imaging service, . Cardiocentro Ticino Switzerland
| | - Patrizio Lancellotti
- Department of Cardiology, CHU SartTilman, University of Liège Hospital, GIGA Cardiovascular Sciences, Liège, Belgium
- Gruppo Villa Maria Care and Research, Maria Cecilia Hospital, Cotignola, and Anthea Hospital, Bari, Italy
| | - Hani Mahmoud-Elsayed
- Consultant Cardiologist, Director of Echocardiography Lab, Al-Nas Hospital, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Nina Ajmone Marsan
- Department of Cardiology, Leiden University Medical Center, The Netherlands
| | | | - Mark Monaghan
- Director of Non-Invasive Cardiology, King’s College Hospital, London, UK
| | - José Ribeiro
- Thorax and Circulation Unit Director, Gaia Hospital Center, Oporto, Portugal
| | - Leyla Elif Sade
- University of Baskent, Department of Cardiology, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Martin Swaans
- Department of Cardiology, St.Antonius Hospital, Nieuwegein, The Netherlands
| | | | | | | | - Bogdan A Popescu
- Department of Cardiology, University of Medicine and Pharmacy ‘Carol Davila’ - Euroecolab, Emergency Institute for Cardiovascular Diseases ‘Prof. Dr. C. C. Iliescu’, Bucharest, Romania
| | - Bernard Cosyns
- Cardiology Department, Centrum voor Hart en Vaatziekten (CHVZ), Universitair ziekenhuis Brussel, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Thor Edvardsen
- Dept of Cardiology, Oslo University Hospital, Pb 4950 Nydalen, 0424, Oslo, Norway
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
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Wehbe MR, Sawaya F, Sabra M, Hamadi C, Hoballah J, Haddad F. Vascular Complications in the Era of Transcatheter Treatment of Adult Structural Heart Disease: A Single-Center Early Experience. Vasc Endovascular Surg 2020; 54:504-509. [PMID: 32552506 DOI: 10.1177/1538574420934620] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
Transcatheter treatment is becoming the mainstay treatment for structural heart diseases (SHD) in prohibitive surgical risk patients. Recently with the encouraging results, it is being offered to regular risk patients. Peripheral vascular complications (VCs) are still inherent to these procedures due to the nature of this atherosclerotic high-risk group and the profile of the devices. This is a single-center early first year experience with such events occurring after initiating a SHD program treating severe aortic stenosis, aortic regurgitation, mitral valve prolapse and regurgitation, as well as paravalvular leaks. Out of 33 patients in this time period, 5 developed PV complications which are detailed in this article with their associated risk factors and management. These include access-related complications, closure device issues, arterial rupture post device embolization, and vessel dissection. Vascular complications of those procedures take special interest since they are associated with a worse long-term prognosis. Thus, prevention with proper planning remains of essence along with multidisciplinary management.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohammad Rachad Wehbe
- Division of Vascular & Endovascular Surgery, Department of Surgery, American University of Beirut Medical Centre, Beirut, Lebanon
| | - Fadi Sawaya
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine, American University of Beirut Medical Centre, Beirut, Lebanon
| | - Mohamad Sabra
- Department of internal Medicine, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, USA
| | - Caroline Hamadi
- Division of Vascular & Endovascular Surgery, Department of Surgery, American University of Beirut Medical Centre, Beirut, Lebanon
| | - Jamal Hoballah
- Division of Vascular & Endovascular Surgery, Department of Surgery, American University of Beirut Medical Centre, Beirut, Lebanon
| | - Fady Haddad
- Division of Vascular & Endovascular Surgery, Department of Surgery, American University of Beirut Medical Centre, Beirut, Lebanon
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Faza NN, Özden Tok Ö, Hahn RT. Imaging in Structural Heart Disease: The Evolution of a New Subspecialty. JACC Case Rep 2019; 1:440-445. [PMID: 34316851 PMCID: PMC8288782 DOI: 10.1016/j.jaccas.2019.08.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/28/2019] [Accepted: 08/29/2019] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
Structural heart disease is a new field in cardiovascular medicine, which has resulted in the creation of a new imaging subspecialty. Structural heart disease imagers have been instrumental in stimulating innovations in both the imaging and interventional spheres. Perhaps most importantly, they play a key role on the clinical heart team, interacting with team members and patients before, during, and long after a structural procedure is performed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nadeen N. Faza
- Houston Methodist DeBakey Heart and Vascular Center, Houston Methodist Hospital, Houston, Texas
| | - Özge Özden Tok
- Cardiology Department, Memorial Bahçelievler Hospital, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Rebecca T. Hahn
- Columbia University Medical Center/NewYork–Presbyterian Hospital, New York, New York
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Tsai T, Lo L, Liu S, Cheng W, Chou Y, Lin W, Shinya Y, Lin Y, Chang S, Hu Y, Chung F, Liao J, Chao T, Tuan T, Chen S. Ambient fine particulate matter (PM2.5) exposure is associated with idiopathic ventricular premature complexes burden: A cohort study with consecutive Holter recordings. J Cardiovasc Electrophysiol 2019; 30:487-492. [DOI: 10.1111/jce.13829] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2018] [Revised: 11/20/2018] [Accepted: 12/03/2018] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Tsung‐Ying Tsai
- Division of Cardiology, Department of MedicineTaipei Veterans General HospitalTaipei Taiwan
| | - Li‐Wei Lo
- Division of Cardiology, Department of MedicineTaipei Veterans General HospitalTaipei Taiwan
- Institute of Clinical Medicine, and Cardiovascular Research Institute, National Yang‐Ming UniversityTaipei Taiwan
| | - Shin‐Huei Liu
- Division of Cardiology, Department of MedicineTaipei Veterans General HospitalTaipei Taiwan
| | - Wen‐Han Cheng
- Division of Cardiology, Department of MedicineTaipei Veterans General HospitalTaipei Taiwan
| | - Yu‐Hui Chou
- Division of Cardiology, Department of MedicineTaipei Veterans General HospitalTaipei Taiwan
| | - Wei‐Lun Lin
- Division of Cardiology, Department of MedicineTaipei Veterans General HospitalTaipei Taiwan
- Institute of Clinical Medicine, and Cardiovascular Research Institute, National Yang‐Ming UniversityTaipei Taiwan
| | - Yamada Shinya
- Division of Cardiology, Department of MedicineTaipei Veterans General HospitalTaipei Taiwan
| | - Yenn‐Jiang Lin
- Division of Cardiology, Department of MedicineTaipei Veterans General HospitalTaipei Taiwan
- Institute of Clinical Medicine, and Cardiovascular Research Institute, National Yang‐Ming UniversityTaipei Taiwan
| | - Shih‐Lin Chang
- Division of Cardiology, Department of MedicineTaipei Veterans General HospitalTaipei Taiwan
- Institute of Clinical Medicine, and Cardiovascular Research Institute, National Yang‐Ming UniversityTaipei Taiwan
| | - Yu‐Feng Hu
- Division of Cardiology, Department of MedicineTaipei Veterans General HospitalTaipei Taiwan
- Institute of Clinical Medicine, and Cardiovascular Research Institute, National Yang‐Ming UniversityTaipei Taiwan
| | - Fa‐Po Chung
- Division of Cardiology, Department of MedicineTaipei Veterans General HospitalTaipei Taiwan
- Institute of Clinical Medicine, and Cardiovascular Research Institute, National Yang‐Ming UniversityTaipei Taiwan
| | - Jo‐Nan Liao
- Division of Cardiology, Department of MedicineTaipei Veterans General HospitalTaipei Taiwan
- Institute of Clinical Medicine, and Cardiovascular Research Institute, National Yang‐Ming UniversityTaipei Taiwan
| | - Tze‐Fan Chao
- Division of Cardiology, Department of MedicineTaipei Veterans General HospitalTaipei Taiwan
- Institute of Clinical Medicine, and Cardiovascular Research Institute, National Yang‐Ming UniversityTaipei Taiwan
| | - Ta‐Chuan Tuan
- Division of Cardiology, Department of MedicineTaipei Veterans General HospitalTaipei Taiwan
- Institute of Clinical Medicine, and Cardiovascular Research Institute, National Yang‐Ming UniversityTaipei Taiwan
| | - Shih‐Ann Chen
- Division of Cardiology, Department of MedicineTaipei Veterans General HospitalTaipei Taiwan
- Institute of Clinical Medicine, and Cardiovascular Research Institute, National Yang‐Ming UniversityTaipei Taiwan
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Wadia SK, Accavitti MJ, Morgan GJ, Kenny D, Hijazi ZM, Jones TK, Cabalka AK, McElhinney DB, Kavinsky CJ. Transcatheter interventions in adults with congenital heart disease: Surveys from the Society for Cardiovascular Angiography and Interventions to identify current patterns of care and perception on training requirements. Catheter Cardiovasc Interv 2017; 90:418-424. [DOI: 10.1002/ccd.27151] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2016] [Revised: 04/17/2017] [Accepted: 05/05/2017] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Subeer K. Wadia
- Department of Internal Medicine; Ronald Reagan UCLA Medical Center; Los Angeles California
| | - Michael J. Accavitti
- Department of Internal Medicine; Rush University Medical Center; Chicago Illinois
| | - Gareth J. Morgan
- Division of Pediatric Cardiology; University of Colorado Denver; Denver Colorado
| | - Damien Kenny
- Division of Pediatric Cardiology; Our Lady's Children Hospital; Dublin Ireland
| | - Ziyad M. Hijazi
- Division of Pediatric Cardiology; Sidra Medical and Research Center; Doha Qatar
| | - Thomas K. Jones
- Division of Pediatric Cardiology; University of Washington; Seattle Washington
| | | | - Doff B. McElhinney
- Division of Pediatric Cardiology; Stanford University; Palo Alto California
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Abstract
3D-printed models fabricated from CT, MRI, or echocardiography data provide the advantage of haptic feedback, direct manipulation, and enhanced understanding of cardiovascular anatomy and underlying pathologies. Reported applications of cardiovascular 3D printing span from diagnostic assistance and optimization of management algorithms in complex cardiovascular diseases, to planning and simulating surgical and interventional procedures. The technology has been used in practically the entire range of structural, valvular, and congenital heart diseases, and the added-value of 3D printing is established. Patient-specific implants and custom-made devices can be designed, produced, and tested, thus opening new horizons in personalized patient care and cardiovascular research. Physicians and trainees can better elucidate anatomical abnormalities with the use of 3D-printed models, and communication with patients is markedly improved. Cardiovascular 3D bioprinting and molecular 3D printing, although currently not translated into clinical practice, hold revolutionary potential. 3D printing is expected to have a broad influence in cardiovascular care, and will prove pivotal for the future generation of cardiovascular imagers and care providers. In this Review, we summarize the cardiovascular 3D printing workflow, from image acquisition to the generation of a hand-held model, and discuss the cardiovascular applications and the current status and future perspectives of cardiovascular 3D printing.
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Erbel R, Thiele H. [Diagnostics in structural heart diseases]. Herz 2015; 40:567-8. [PMID: 25963036 DOI: 10.1007/s00059-015-4235-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- R Erbel
- Klinik für Kardiologie, Westdeutsches Herzzentrum Essen, Hufelandstr. 55, 45122, Essen, Deutschland,
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Abstract
The clinical significance of persistent patent foramen ovale (PFO) is not well defined. Empirically, PFO has been associated with many clinical conditions. In cryptogenic stroke, migraine, and orthodeoxia/platypnea, a plausible biologic mechanism exists to support PFO closure as a possible treatment. Although transcatheter closure of PFO has been available for over 2 decades, it has remained controversial due to a paucity of evidence to guide patient and device selection. Contemporary studies investigating PFO closure as treatment for patients with these conditions have been published recently and longitudinal data regarding the safety and efficacy of the devices is now available. In this review, we aim to describe the potential clinical significance of a patent foramen in the adult, appraise the newest additions to the body of evidence, and discuss the safety, benefit, patient selection, and future of transcatheter treatment of PFO.
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Affiliation(s)
- N Rohrhoff
- Duke University Medical Center, 3331 DUMC, Durham, NC, 27710, USA
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Abstract
There have been substantial improvements made in the tools and techniques used since the advent of percutaneous coronary intervention. What was primarily developed as a treatment of coronary artery disease is now used to address a variety of structural heart disease problems. The outcomes have been remarkably successful with relatively low complication rates that rival the results of open-heart surgery. This article will review some of the new devices available for management of structural cardiac conditions including congenital defects and acquired valvular abnormalities. Transcatheter treatment offers advantages over surgical intervention in recovery time, improved patient satisfaction, lower procedural risk, and avoidance of cardio-pulmonary bypass especially in high-risk patients. We will discuss different medical conditions and introduce the devices used to treat these conditions. Each device or technique has benefits and risks, and familiarity with the devices along with patient selection will best optimize the outcome.
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Liu SH, Lin JL, Shen HL, Chang CC, Huang WH, Weng CH, Hsu CW, Wang IK, Liang CC, Yen TH. Acute large-dose exposure to organophosphates in patients with and without diabetes mellitus: analysis of mortality rate and new-onset diabetes mellitus. Environ Health 2014; 13:11. [PMID: 24597539 PMCID: PMC3975839 DOI: 10.1186/1476-069x-13-11] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/03/2013] [Accepted: 02/28/2014] [Indexed: 05/12/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND We investigated the mortality rates of patients with and without diabetes mellitus after acute large-dose exposure to organophosphate insecticides. All patients without diabetes mellitus were traced to examine the long-term risk of new-onset diabetes mellitus. Previous reports indicated that organophosphate exposure might increase the risk of new-onset diabetes mellitus. METHODS We analyzed the records of 118 patients referred to Chang Gung Memorial Hospital for management of intentional organophosphate poisoning between 2000 and 2011. Patients were stratified by diabetes mellitus status. Demographic, clinical, laboratory and mortality data were analyzed. RESULTS Most patients were middle aged (53.45 ± 16.20 years) and male (65.3%) and were referred to our hospital after a relatively short amount of time had elapsed since poisoning (median 3.0 hours). 18 (15.2%) of 118 patients died, including 15 (13.8%) of 109 patients without diabetes mellitus and 3 (33.3%) of 9 with diabetes mellitus. There was no significant difference in mortality between these groups (P = 0.117). In a multivariate Cox regression model, hypotension (P = 0.000), respiratory failure (P = 0.042), coma (P = 0.023), and corrected QT interval prolongation (P = 0.002) were significant risk factors for mortality. Conversely, diabetes mellitus status was not a significant variable in this model. At routine outpatient follow up a median of 1.25 months post exposure, random blood glucose measurements gave no evidence of new-onset diabetes in patients without pre-existing diabetes. CONCLUSIONS Diabetes mellitus status might not increase mortality risk following acute large-dose exposure to organophosphates, and the risk of new-onset diabetes mellitus also might be minimal in the short term. Larger prospective studies with formal testing for diabetes at later times post-exposure are required.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shou-Hsuan Liu
- Department of Nephrology and Division of Clinical Toxicology, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital and Chang Gung University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Ja-Liang Lin
- Department of Nephrology and Division of Clinical Toxicology, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital and Chang Gung University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Hsin-Lan Shen
- Department of Craniofacial Orthodontics, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Linkou, Taiwan
| | - Chih-Chun Chang
- Department of Clinical Pathology, Far Eastern Memorial Hospital, Banciao, New Taipei City, Taiwan
| | - Wen-Hung Huang
- Department of Nephrology and Division of Clinical Toxicology, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital and Chang Gung University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Cheng-Hao Weng
- Department of Nephrology and Division of Clinical Toxicology, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital and Chang Gung University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Ching-Wei Hsu
- Department of Nephrology and Division of Clinical Toxicology, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital and Chang Gung University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - I-Kuan Wang
- Department of Nephrology, China Medical University Hospital and China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Chih-Chia Liang
- Department of Nephrology, China Medical University Hospital and China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Tzung-Hai Yen
- Department of Nephrology and Division of Clinical Toxicology, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital and Chang Gung University, Taipei, Taiwan
- Kidney Research Center, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Linkou, Taiwan
- Center for Tissue Engineering, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Linkou, Taiwan
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Heart rate-corrected QT interval helps predict mortality after intentional organophosphate poisoning. PLoS One 2012; 7:e36576. [PMID: 22574184 PMCID: PMC3344908 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0036576] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/24/2011] [Accepted: 04/10/2012] [Indexed: 01/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction In this study, we investigated the outcomes for patients with intentional organophosphate poisoning. Previous reports indicate that in contrast to normal heart rate-corrected QT intervals (QTc), QTc prolongation might be indicative of a poor prognosis for patients exposed to organophosphates. Methods We analyzed the records of 118 patients who were referred to Chang Gung Memorial Hospital for management of organophosphate poisoning between 2000 and 2011. Patients were grouped according to their initial QTc interval, i.e., normal (<0.44 s) or prolonged (>0.44 s). Demographic, clinical, laboratory, and mortality data were obtained for analysis. Results The incidence of hypotension in patients with prolonged QTc intervals was higher than that in the patients with normal QTc intervals (P = 0.019). By the end of the study, 18 of 118 (15.2%) patients had died, including 3 of 75 (4.0%) patients with normal QTc intervals and 15 of 43 (34.9%) patients with prolonged QTc intervals. Using multivariate-Cox-regression analysis, we found that hypotension (OR = 10.930, 95% CI = 2.961–40.345, P = 0.000), respiratory failure (OR = 4.867, 95% CI = 1.062–22.301, P = 0.042), coma (OR = 3.482, 95% CI = 1.184–10.238, P = 0.023), and QTc prolongation (OR = 7.459, 95% CI = 2.053–27.099, P = 0.002) were significant risk factors for mortality. Furthermore, it was revealed that non-survivors not only had longer QTc interval (503.00±41.56 versus 432.71±51.21 ms, P = 0.002), but also suffered higher incidences of hypotension (83.3 versus 12.0%, P = 0.000), shortness of breath (64 versus 94.4%, P = 0.010), bronchorrhea (55 versus 94.4%, P = 0.002), bronchospasm (50.0 versus 94.4%, P = 0.000), respiratory failure (94.4 versus 43.0%, P = 0.000) and coma (66.7 versus 11.0%, P = 0.000) than survivors. Finally, Kaplan-Meier analysis demonstrated that cumulative mortality was higher among patients with prolonged QTc intervals than among those with normal QTc intervals (Log-rank test, Chi-square test = 20.36, P<0.001). Conclusions QTc interval helps predict mortality after intentional organophosphate poisoning.
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