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Tran A, Jiang H, Lange S, Rehm J. Trend of alcohol use disorder as a percentage of all-cause mortality in North America. BMC Res Notes 2024; 17:237. [PMID: 39210466 PMCID: PMC11360856 DOI: 10.1186/s13104-024-06882-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2024] [Accepted: 07/31/2024] [Indexed: 09/04/2024] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To evaluate the trend of alcohol use disorder (AUD) mortality as a percentage of all-cause mortality in Canada and the United States (US) between 2000 and 2019, by age group. RESULTS Joinpoint regression showed that AUD mortality as a percentage of all-cause mortality significantly increased between 2000 and 2019 in both countries, and across all age groups (i.e., young adults (20-34 years), middle-aged adults (35-49 years), and older adults (50 + years)). The trend has been levelling off, and even reversing in some cases, in recent years. The average annual percentage change differed across countries and between age groups, with a greater increase among Canadian adults aged 35-49 years and among adults aged 50 + years in the US. Over the past two decades, AUD mortality as a percentage of all-cause mortality has been increasing among all adults in both Canada and the US.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexander Tran
- Institute for Mental Health Policy Research, Centre for Addiction and Mental Health (CAMH), 33 Ursula Franklin Street, Toronto, ON, M5S 2S1, Canada.
- Campbell Family Mental Health Research Institute, CAMH, 250 College Street, Toronto, ON, M5T 1R8, Canada.
| | - Huan Jiang
- Institute for Mental Health Policy Research, Centre for Addiction and Mental Health (CAMH), 33 Ursula Franklin Street, Toronto, ON, M5S 2S1, Canada
- Campbell Family Mental Health Research Institute, CAMH, 250 College Street, Toronto, ON, M5T 1R8, Canada
- Dalla Lana School of Public Health, University of Toronto, 155 College Street, 6th Floor, Toronto, ON, M5T 3M7, Canada
| | - Shannon Lange
- Institute for Mental Health Policy Research, Centre for Addiction and Mental Health (CAMH), 33 Ursula Franklin Street, Toronto, ON, M5S 2S1, Canada
- Dalla Lana School of Public Health, University of Toronto, 155 College Street, 6th Floor, Toronto, ON, M5T 3M7, Canada
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Toronto, 250 College Street, 8th Floor, Toronto, ON, M5T 1R8, Canada
- Institute of Medical Science (IMS), University of Toronto, Medical Sciences Building, 1 King's College Circle, Room 2374, Toronto, ON, M5S 1A8, Canada
| | - Jürgen Rehm
- Institute for Mental Health Policy Research, Centre for Addiction and Mental Health (CAMH), 33 Ursula Franklin Street, Toronto, ON, M5S 2S1, Canada
- Campbell Family Mental Health Research Institute, CAMH, 250 College Street, Toronto, ON, M5T 1R8, Canada
- Dalla Lana School of Public Health, University of Toronto, 155 College Street, 6th Floor, Toronto, ON, M5T 3M7, Canada
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Toronto, 250 College Street, 8th Floor, Toronto, ON, M5T 1R8, Canada
- Institute of Medical Science (IMS), University of Toronto, Medical Sciences Building, 1 King's College Circle, Room 2374, Toronto, ON, M5S 1A8, Canada
- Center for Interdisciplinary Addiction Research (ZIS), Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf (UKE), Martinistraße 52, 20246, Hamburg, Germany
- Program on Substance Abuse & WHO CC, Public Health Agency of Catalonia, 81-95 Roc Boronat St, Barcelona, 08005, Spain
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Stumbrys D, Štelemėkas M, Jasilionis D, Rehm J. Weekly pattern of alcohol-attributable male mortality before and after imposing limits on hours of alcohol sale in Lithuania in 2018. Scand J Public Health 2024; 52:698-703. [PMID: 37401472 PMCID: PMC10877377 DOI: 10.1177/14034948231184288] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2022] [Revised: 06/01/2023] [Accepted: 06/08/2023] [Indexed: 07/05/2023]
Abstract
AIMS From 1 January 2018, the number of retail hours for the sale of alcohol was reduced from 14 to 5 hours on Sundays and from 14 to 10 hours on the other days of the week in Lithuania. The significant reduction of hours for the sale of alcohol on Sundays may have affected the distribution of alcohol-attributable deaths during the week. This study aimed to examine the change in the weekly pattern of alcohol-attributable male mortality before and after imposing limits on the hours when alcohol can be sold. METHODS Age-standardised male death rates by days of the week were calculated for four groups according to cause of death: alcohol poisoning (X45), all external causes of death (V01-Y98), diseases of the circulatory system (I00-I99) and all other causes of death. We compared age-standardised death rates for two periods: before (2015-2017) and after (2018-2019) the intervention. Mortality and population data were obtained from the Lithuanian Institute of Hygiene and Human Mortality Database. RESULTS We found that during 2018-2019, earlier observed peak in age-standardised death rates for external causes of death on Sunday diminished, and this day no longer differed from the weekly average. The same tendency was also observed for the Monday excess mortality due to circulatory diseases. CONCLUSIONS The reduction of the hours when alcohol can be sold from the beginning of 2018 was associated with a change in a weekly pattern of alcohol-attributable male mortality. However, more studies are needed to examine the causes of the change in mortality pattern.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daumantas Stumbrys
- Health Research Institute, Faculty of Public Health, Lithuanian University of Health Sciences, Lithuania
- Institute of Sociology, Lithuanian Centre for Social Sciences, Lithuania
| | - Mindaugas Štelemėkas
- Health Research Institute, Faculty of Public Health, Lithuanian University of Health Sciences, Lithuania
| | - Domantas Jasilionis
- Demographic Research Centre, Vytautas Magnus University, Lithuania
- Demographic Data Laboratory, Max Planck Institute for Demographic Research, Germany
| | - Jürgen Rehm
- Institute for Mental Health Policy Research and Campbell Family Mental Health Research Institute, Centre for Addiction and Mental Health (CAMH), Canada
- Zentrum für Interdisziplinäre Suchtforschung der Universität Hamburg (ZIS), Universitätsklinikum Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
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Zhizhilashvili S, Mchedlishvili I, Jankarashvili N, Camacho R, Mebonia N. Effect of Age at Diagnosis on the Prognosis of Gastric Cancer Patients: A Population-Based Study in Georgia. Cureus 2024; 16:e62154. [PMID: 38993440 PMCID: PMC11238615 DOI: 10.7759/cureus.62154] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 06/11/2024] [Indexed: 07/13/2024] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION The national burden of gastric cancer (GC) is high in Georgia, which is determined by its high mortality and low survival. The study aimed to estimate the effect of age at diagnosis on the prognosis of GC patients diagnosed between 2015 and 2020 in Georgia. MATERIALS AND METHODS We obtained data for the study from the national population-based cancer registry. All patients 15 years of age or older, diagnosed during 2015-2020 with invasive GC (site codes C16.0 to C16.9, International Classification of Diseases for Oncology), were eligible for inclusion in the analysis. We produced survival curves using the Kaplan-Meier method, and the log-rank test was used to compare survival between groups. Hazard ratios (HR) were estimated using univariate Cox proportional models and multivariate Cox proportional hazard models. The endpoint of the study was overall survival (OS). The level of statistical significance of the study findings was estimated using p-values and 95% confidence intervals (CI). A p-value<0.05 was considered statistically significant. Results: A total of 1,828 gastric cancer cases were included in the statistical analysis. The average age of patients was 65 years. The bivariate Cox's regression analysis demonstrated that the risk of gastric cancer mortality increased gradually with the age of cancer patients. The HR and 95% CI were as follows: 1.5 (1.1-1.8) and 2.1 (1.5-2.5) in the 46-65 years and >65 years groups, respectively, with the <46 years group as a reference. Moreover, multivariable Cox's regression analysis proved that age is an independent risk factor for GC mortality (HR = 1.4; 95% CI = 1.2-1.8; p<.001). Conclusion: We found that age at diagnosis was a significant predictor of the worse survival of GC patients diagnosed between 2015 and 2020 in Georgia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Saba Zhizhilashvili
- Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Tbilisi State Medical University, Tbilisi, GEO
| | | | | | - Rolando Camacho
- Oncology (Non-communicable Diseases), World Health Organization, Mallorca, ESP
| | - Nana Mebonia
- Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Tbilisi State Medical University, Tbilisi, GEO
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Habtemariam S, Hery CM, Zhang X, Yu M, Mays D, Adeyanju T, Bernardo B, Paskett ED. Association between sociodemographics and change in alcohol or tobacco use behaviors during the COVID-19 pandemic. PLoS One 2024; 19:e0304111. [PMID: 38820378 PMCID: PMC11142573 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0304111] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2023] [Accepted: 05/06/2024] [Indexed: 06/02/2024] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To examine the association between various sociodemographic factors with alcohol and tobacco use behaviors during the COVID-19 pandemic. METHODS Participants from Ohio and Indiana were asked to participate in the 'Impact of COVID-19 on the Cancer Continuum Consortium' study (N = 32,989) from June-November 2020. Those who completed the survey and responded to key study questions were included (n = 5,374). Participants were asked about the frequency and type of alcohol and tobacco product used. Multivariable logistic regression was conducted to determine factors associated with the impact of COVID-19 on change in alcohol and/or tobacco use. RESULTS Mean age was 57 years old, 68% were female, 90% non-Hispanic white, 75% married, and 31% lived in rural counties. Out of 5,374 participants, 53% used alcohol-only (n = 2,833), 5% used tobacco-only (n = 255), 7% used both alcohol and tobacco (n = 395), and 35% used neither alcohol nor tobacco (n = 1,891). Urban county of residence (vs. rural) was associated with an increase in alcohol-use (p = 0.0001), change in alcohol products (p = 0.023), and an increase in tobacco use (p = 0.05). Among alcohol-only users, those who were younger (OR = 0.97), female (OR = 1.58), married (OR = 1.69), of high socioeconomic status (OR = 1.99), residing in urban counties (OR = 1.65), and had elevated financial (OR = 1.06) and employment concerns (OR = 1.28) were significantly more likely to report increased alcohol-use. Similarly, among tobacco users, those who were younger (OR = 0.97), female (OR = 2.79), married (OR = 2.16) or divorced (OR = 2.83), and had higher levels of neighborhood disadvantage (OR = 2.19) were significantly more likely to report increased tobacco-use. CONCLUSIONS Findings suggest targeted intervention and prevention strategies for young, female participants with elevated financial and employment concerns during the COVID-19 pandemic are necessary to mitigate risks associated with higher odds of alcohol and tobacco use. Our findings on alcohol and tobacco use may be a result of the unique social and economic influence of the pandemic on women.
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Affiliation(s)
- Selam Habtemariam
- Comprehensive Cancer Center, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio, United States of America
| | - Chloe M. Hery
- Comprehensive Cancer Center, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio, United States of America
- Division of Epidemiology, College of Public Health, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio, United States of America
| | - Xiaochen Zhang
- Fred Hutch Cancer Center, Seattle, Washington, United States of America
| | - Mengda Yu
- Division of Biostatistics, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio, United States of America
| | - Darren Mays
- The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio, United States of America
| | - Toyin Adeyanju
- Comprehensive Cancer Center, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio, United States of America
| | | | - Electra D. Paskett
- Comprehensive Cancer Center, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio, United States of America
- Division of Cancer Prevention and Control, Department of Internal Medicine, College of Medicine, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio, United States of America
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Thibaut F, ELNahas G. Women's Mental Health and Lessons Learnt from the COVID-19 Pandemic. Psychiatr Clin North Am 2023; 46:415-426. [PMID: 37500241 PMCID: PMC10110924 DOI: 10.1016/j.psc.2023.04.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/29/2023]
Abstract
Women are at the highest risk of pandemic adversities as they represent the majority of health and frontline workers in addition to their essential roles at home. We review gender differences during the COVID-19 pandemic by demonstrating risk-exposure during specific situations such as pregnancy, women's mental health fallouts, COVID-19 disease itself and exposure to different forms of violence. We discuss the particularities that women face in developing countries with depicted examples from some countries in Africa and the Middle East. Women mental health care service stands out as an essential component of the national response to pandemics. Women's integration and leadership in the national pandemic response planning is crucial.
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Affiliation(s)
- Florence Thibaut
- University Paris Cité, Paris, France; INSERM U1266 Institute of Psychiatry and Neurosciences, Department of Psychiatry and Addiction, University Hospital Cochin (Site Tarnier), AP-HP.
| | - Gihan ELNahas
- NeuroPsychiatry Department Faculty of Medicine, Ain Shams University, Egypt
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Coulaud PJ, Airagnes G, McGrath K, Bolduc N, Bertrand K, Jauffret-Roustide M, Knight R. Factors Associated with Self-Reported Changes in Alcohol Use among Young Adults during the COVID-19 Pandemic: A Comparative Analysis between Canada and France. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2022; 19:16694. [PMID: 36554575 PMCID: PMC9778883 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph192416694] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/03/2022] [Revised: 12/03/2022] [Accepted: 12/08/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
While the COVID-19 pandemic impacted young adults' alcohol use patterns, little is known about how changes in alcohol use may differ across different settings. Our objective was to identify and compare factors associated with changes in alcohol use among young adults in Canada and France during the first year of the COVID-19 pandemic. We conducted an online cross-sectional survey in October-December 2020 with young adults aged 18-29 (n = 5185) in Canada and France. In each country, weighted multinomial logistic regressions were performed to identify factors associated with self-reported decrease and increase in alcohol use separately (reference: no change). Respectively, 33.4% and 21.4% reported an increase in alcohol use in Canada and France, while 22.9% and 33.5% reported a decrease. Being 25-29 was a predictor of decrease in Canada, while living away from family was associated with an increase in France. In both countries, participants were more likely to report an increase if they reported depressive symptoms, smoking tobacco, or cannabis use. Conversely, those who had been tested for COVID-19 and those who were highly compliant with COVID-19 preventive measures were more likely to report a decrease. Efforts are needed to develop alcohol use interventions for young adults, including in ways that prioritize those with mental health challenges.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pierre-Julien Coulaud
- Department of Medicine, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC V6T 1Z4, Canada
- British Columbia Centre on Substance Use, Vancouver, BC V6Z 2A9, Canada
| | - Guillaume Airagnes
- AP-HP. Centre-Université Paris Cité, DMU Psychiatrie et Addictologie, 75006 Paris, France
- INSERM, Population-Based Epidemiological Cohorts, 94800 Villejuif, France
| | - Kai McGrath
- British Columbia Centre on Substance Use, Vancouver, BC V6Z 2A9, Canada
| | - Naseeb Bolduc
- British Columbia Centre on Substance Use, Vancouver, BC V6Z 2A9, Canada
| | - Karine Bertrand
- Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Université de Sherbrooke, Longueuil, QC J1K 2R1, Canada
| | - Marie Jauffret-Roustide
- British Columbia Centre on Substance Use, Vancouver, BC V6Z 2A9, Canada
- Centre d’Étude des Mouvements Sociaux (EHESS/CNRS UMR8044/INSERM U1276), 75244 Paris, France
- Baldy Center on Law and Social Policy, Buffalo University, Buffalo, NY 14260, USA
| | - Rod Knight
- Department of Medicine, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC V6T 1Z4, Canada
- British Columbia Centre on Substance Use, Vancouver, BC V6Z 2A9, Canada
- Centre for Gender and Sexual Health Equity, Vancouver, BC V6Z 2K5, Canada
- École de Santé Publique de l’Université de Montréal, Montreal, QC H3N 1X9, Canada
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Factors affecting tobacco, nicotine, and cannabis product use among California young adults during the COVID-19 pandemic: A qualitative study. Addict Behav Rep 2022; 16:100470. [PMCID: PMC9661417 DOI: 10.1016/j.abrep.2022.100470] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/13/2022] [Revised: 10/15/2022] [Accepted: 11/12/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
The effects of COVID-19 on tobacco use and cannabis has been variable, and it is unclear the extent to which factors affecting changes in tobacco and cannabis use differ. The purpose of this study was to identify the COVID-19-related factors that affect changes in tobacco and cannabis use during the pandemic. Focus groups with 114 young adults in California in April 2021 were held to discuss tobacco and cannabis use patterns, adverse events, and the effect of COVID-19 on tobacco and cannabis product use. Factors affecting changes in use were largely similar between tobacco products and cannabis products. Drivers of increased cannabis use distinct from tobacco or nicotine product use included feeling greater freedom to disengage and perceptions of less harm. Increases in product use were a result of changing social environment, coping with emotional and psychological distress, and product related factors. Decreases in product use were a result of social isolation, COVID-19-related health concerns, disruptions in daily patterns of living, and reduced access. Improved understanding of how the pandemic has affected tobacco and cannabis use can inform tailored interventions to both support those who have decreases or quit and assist those who have increased use during the pandemic to reduce or cease their consumption.
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McAloney-Kocaman K, McPherson KE, McGlinchey E, Armour C. Factors associated with changing alcohol consumption during the first UK lockdown. Eur J Public Health 2022; 32:766-772. [PMID: 36094148 PMCID: PMC9494400 DOI: 10.1093/eurpub/ckac124] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Background In response to COVID-19 there have been lockdowns and restrictions to hospitality services. Drinking behaviours often change in response to traumatic events and changes in the drinking environment, and this is influenced by a range of factors. This study explores self-reported changes in alcohol consumption in the third month of the UK lockdown, associations with socio-demographics factors and with COVID-19-related concerns, and mental health and wellbeing. Methods The COVID-19 Psychological Wellbeing Study was a longitudinal, online, three-wave survey of 1958 UK adults. Data were collected during the first UK lockdown; wave 1 launched 23 March 2020, wave 2 was 1 month after and wave 3 2 months after completion of wave 1A hierarchical multinomial regression model was estimated to investigate factors associated with changes in perceived alcohol consumption in the third month of the lockdown. Results The majority of participants reported changes in drinking (62%) with over one-third indicating increased consumption. Student status and worries about the financial implications of COVID-19 were associated with lower odds of decreased alcohol consumption. Those with above average income and those with children in the household had lower odds of increased alcohol consumption, while younger adults had higher odds of increased alcohol consumption. Conclusions This study adds to the growing body of research showing changes in alcohol consumption behaviours during the COVID-19 lockdown restrictions, and identifies risk and protective factors which can aid in targeting intervention at those most in need of support.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Kerri E McPherson
- Department of Psychology, Glasgow Caledonian University, Glasgow G4 0BA, UK
| | - Emily McGlinchey
- Stress Trauma and Related Conditions (STARC) Research Lab, School of Psychology, Queen's University Belfast, Belfast BT9 5BN, UK
| | - Cherie Armour
- Stress Trauma and Related Conditions (STARC) Research Lab, School of Psychology, Queen's University Belfast, Belfast BT9 5BN, UK
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Wanat M, Borek AJ, Pilbeam C, Anthierens S, Tonkin-Crine S. Conducting rapid qualitative interview research during the COVID-19 pandemic-Reflections on methodological choices. FRONTIERS IN SOCIOLOGY 2022; 7:953872. [PMID: 36033982 PMCID: PMC9404483 DOI: 10.3389/fsoc.2022.953872] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2022] [Accepted: 07/22/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
As the COVID-19 pandemic has shown, setting up studies in time to gather relevant, real-world data enables researchers to capture current views and experiences, focus on practicalities on the ground, and deliver actionable results. Delivering high quality rapid studies in healthcare poses several challenges even in non-emergency situations. There is an expanding literature discussing benefits and challenges of conducting rapid research, yet there are relatively few examples related to methodological dilemmas and decisions that researchers may face when conducting rapid studies. In rapidly-changing emergency contexts, some of these challenges may be more easily overcome, while others may be unique to the emergency, magnified, or emerge in different ways. In this manuscript, we discuss our reflections and lessons learnt across the research process when conducting rapid qualitative interview studies in the context of a healthcare emergency, focusing on methodological issues. By this we mean the challenging considerations and pragmatic choices we made, and their downstream impacts, that shaped our studies. We draw on our extensive combined experience of delivering several projects during the COVID-19 pandemic in both single and multi-country settings, where we implemented rapid studies, or rapidly adapted an existing study. In the context of these studies, we discuss two main considerations, with a particular focus on the complexities, multiple facets, and trade-offs involved in: (i) team-based approaches to qualitative studies; and (ii) timely and rapid data collection, analysis and dissemination. We contribute a transparent discussion of these issues, describing them, what helped us to deal with them, and which issues have been difficult to overcome. We situate our discussion of arising issues in relation to existing literature, to offer broader recommendations while also identifying gaps in current understandings of how to deal with these methodological challenges. We thus identify key considerations, lessons, and possibilities for researchers implementing rapid studies in healthcare emergencies and beyond. We aim to promote transparency in reporting, assist other researchers in making informed choices, and consequently contribute to the development of the rapid qualitative research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marta Wanat
- Nuffield Department of Primary Care Health Sciences, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom
| | - Aleksandra J. Borek
- Nuffield Department of Primary Care Health Sciences, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom
| | - Caitlin Pilbeam
- Nuffield Department of Primary Care Health Sciences, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom
| | - Sibyl Anthierens
- Department of Family Medicine and Population Health, University of Antwerp, Antwerp, Belgium
| | - Sarah Tonkin-Crine
- Nuffield Department of Primary Care Health Sciences, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom
- National Institute for Health Research Health Protection Research Unit in Healthcare Associated Infections and Antimicrobial Resistance, Oxford, United Kingdom
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Malandain L, Fountoulakis KN, Syunyakov T, Malashonkova E, Smirnova D, Thibaut F. Psychoactive substance use, internet use and mental health changes during the COVID-19 lockdown in a French population: A study of gender effect. Front Psychiatry 2022; 13:958988. [PMID: 36072458 PMCID: PMC9441492 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyt.2022.958988] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2022] [Accepted: 08/02/2022] [Indexed: 11/27/2022] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION COVID-19 has enormous impacts on each individual. The goals of our study were (1) to assess the rate of internet and psychoactive substance use, clinical depression and anxiety in a French population during the lockdown (2) to study the role of clinical and socio-demographic variables (especially, gender). MATERIALS AND METHODS During lockdown, an online anonymous questionnaire was used to assess socio-demographic and health data, previous psychiatric history, anterior and current internet and psychoactive substance use, current anxiety, depression and suicidal ideation. The associations of socio-demographic, clinical variables with anxiety, depression, internet or psychoactive substance use were examined. RESULTS The study included 263 participants (aged 38.1 ± 15.3-197 males and 64 females). During the lockdown, internet use increased in 14.4% of cases, alcohol use in 20.2%, and tobacco use in 6.8%. In contrast, more participants reported a decrease in alcohol, tobacco or illicit drug use (25.9, 24, and 27.8% respectively). Anxiety was reported in 62.4% and depression in 20.2% of cases; 29.7% of participants reported an increase in anxiety and 25.5% an increase in depression. Depression was associated with an increase in internet and tobacco use. Tobacco and alcohol use were positively associated and an increase in use was more frequent in previous users of both substances. Maintaining a daily routine and relationships with family, being self-employed were associated to lower risks of depression and anxiety. CONCLUSION Higher rates of internet use, as well as depression and anxiety, were observed during the lockdown. Gender was not a significant associated factor.
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Affiliation(s)
- Leo Malandain
- Department of Psychiatry-Addictology, University Hospital Cochin (Hospital Tarnier, AP-HP), Paris, France
| | - Konstantinos N Fountoulakis
- Third Department of Psychiatry, School of Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Thessaloniki, Greece
| | - Timur Syunyakov
- Education Center, Mental-health Clinic, N.A. Alexeev of Moscow Healthcare Department, Moscow, Russia.,Zakusov Institute of Pharmacology, Moscow, Russia.,International Centre for Education and Research in Neuropsychiatry, Samara State Medical University, Samara, Russia
| | | | - Daria Smirnova
- International Centre for Education and Research in Neuropsychiatry, Samara State Medical University, Samara, Russia.,Department of Psychiatry, Narcology, Psychotherapy and Clinical Psychology, Samara State Medical University, Samara, Russia.,Institute of Personalized Psychiatry and Neurology, V.M. Bekhterev National Medical Research Center for Psychiatry and Neurology, Saint Petersburg, Russia
| | - Florence Thibaut
- Department of Psychiatry-Addictology, University Hospital Cochin (Hospital Tarnier, AP-HP), Paris, France.,INSERM U1266, Institute of Psychiatry and Neuroscience, University of Paris Cité, Paris, France
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