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Wei W, Balser S. A Systematic Review: Risk and Protective Factors of Elder Abuse for Community-Dwelling Racial Minorities. TRAUMA, VIOLENCE & ABUSE 2024; 25:73-86. [PMID: 36541634 DOI: 10.1177/15248380221140123] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
Elder abuse is related to numerous adverse health and mental health conditions in older adults and some studies indicated higher rates of elder abuse in ethnic and racial minority populations than non-Hispanic Whites. This current study aims to summarize the risk and protective factors associated with elder abuse in community-dwelling racial minorities. A systematic review was conducted following Preferred reporting items for systematic review and meta-analysis (PRISMA) guidelines. AgeLine, Medline, PsycINFO, and CINAHL were searched without limitation on time periods of publication. Two authors independently screened the search results and assessed the eligibility and quality of the retrieved articles. A total of 718 articles were screened and 25 articles were included in the review. The 25 included studies' publication dates range from 1989 to 2019. Five racial categories were generated: African Americans, Asian Americans, Native Americans, Hispanic Americans, and racial minorities in Canada. Risk and protective factors of elder abuse and its subtypes (e.g., physical and psychological abuse) for these racial groups were summarized. There are some common risk factors across racial minorities, such as dependence on caregivers and health issues. The review identified gaps and conflicting findings regarding culture and education that are worthy of further investigation. In particular, there is a lack of current research on elder abuse in racial minority older women, race minority subgroups, and protective factors of elder abuse. The results guide helping professionals to consider the role of traditional culture and identify warning signs of potential abuse among racial minority older adults.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenxing Wei
- Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH, USA
| | - Sarah Balser
- Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH, USA
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Lutz L, Klinger MF, Holz F, Verhoff MA, Amendt J. How to prove neglect in the context of the post-mortem examination. Forensic Sci Med Pathol 2023:10.1007/s12024-023-00695-2. [PMID: 37578627 DOI: 10.1007/s12024-023-00695-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 08/03/2023] [Indexed: 08/15/2023]
Abstract
Understanding the causes, extent, and period of neglect is not only a medical but also a forensic task when it comes to legal investigations. In this study, we evaluated 46 autopsied cases where there was clear evidence of physical neglect during the last period of the deceased's life. The age of the deceased ranged from 21 to 96 years; most of them were female (71.7%). The majority of cases (89.9%) took place in a domestic environment, with partners or relatives providing care. The most frequent post-mortem findings were pressure sores, followed by inflammatory skin changes, and signs of malnutrition and dehydration. Neglect was the cause or co-cause of death in 23% of the cases. More than half of the deceased showed severe contamination of the skin surface by excrement, and in almost 40% of the cases, fly infestation was found. The majority of insects belonged to the group of house flies (Diptera: Muscidae), mainly the common house fly, Musca domestica. By analyzing the entomological evidence, it was possible to prove an insect infestation period of at least several days ante-mortem. Since the period of neglect may be relevant in terms of legal proceedings, the present work demonstrates the particular importance of insect traces in providing this evidence. While prosecution and conviction of caregivers remain challenging, it is all the more essential that entomology and legal medicine collaborate on the analysis of findings of neglect.
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Affiliation(s)
- L Lutz
- Institute of Legal Medicine, University Hospital Frankfurt, Goethe-University, Kennedyallee 104, D-60596, Frankfurt Am Main, Germany.
| | - M F Klinger
- Institute of Legal Medicine, University Hospital Frankfurt, Goethe-University, Kennedyallee 104, D-60596, Frankfurt Am Main, Germany
| | - F Holz
- Institute of Legal Medicine, University Hospital Frankfurt, Goethe-University, Kennedyallee 104, D-60596, Frankfurt Am Main, Germany
| | - M A Verhoff
- Institute of Legal Medicine, University Hospital Frankfurt, Goethe-University, Kennedyallee 104, D-60596, Frankfurt Am Main, Germany
| | - J Amendt
- Institute of Legal Medicine, University Hospital Frankfurt, Goethe-University, Kennedyallee 104, D-60596, Frankfurt Am Main, Germany
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Nyarko-Odoom A, Lisha NE, Yank V, Kotwal A, Balogun S, Huang AJ. Elder Mistreatment Experienced by Older Caregiving Adults: Results from a National Community-Based Sample. J Gen Intern Med 2023; 38:1709-1716. [PMID: 36717433 PMCID: PMC10212890 DOI: 10.1007/s11606-022-07981-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/27/2022] [Accepted: 12/05/2022] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND With an aging population, older adults are increasingly serving as caregivers to others, which may increase their risk of adverse interpersonal experiences. OBJECTIVE To investigate the prevalence and types of elder mistreatment experienced by older caregiving adults. DESIGN Cross-sectional analysis PARTICIPANTS: National sample of community-dwelling US adults over age 60 in 2015-2016. MAIN MEASURES Caregiving (assisting another adult with day-to-day activities) was assessed by interviewer-administered questionnaires. Experience of elder mistreatment was assessed by participant-reported questionnaire in three domains: emotional, physical, and financial. Multivariable logistic regression models examined associations between caregiving status and each domain of elder mistreatment, adjusting for age, race, ethnicity, gender, education, marital status, concomitant care-receiving status, overall physical and mental health, and cognitive function. Additional logistic regression models examined associations between being the primary caregiver (rather than a secondary caregiver) and each domain of mistreatment among older caregivers. KEY RESULTS Of the 1898 participants over age 60 (including 1062 women and 836 men, 83% non-Hispanic white, and 64% married or partnered), 14% reported serving as caregivers for other adults, including 8% who considered themselves to be the primary caregiver. Among these older caregivers, 38% reported experiencing emotional, 32% financial, and 6% physical mistreatment after age 60. In multivariable models, caregiving was associated with experiencing both emotional mistreatment (AOR 1.61, 95% CI 1.15-2.25) and financial mistreatment (AOR 1.72, 95% CI 1.18-2.50). In analyses confined to caregiving older adults, those who served as primary rather than secondary caregivers for other adults had an over two-fold increased odds of emotional mistreatment (AOR 2.17, 95% CI 1.07, 4.41). CONCLUSION In this national cohort of older community-dwelling adults, caregiving was independently associated with experiencing emotional and financial mistreatment after age 60. Findings suggest that efforts to prevent or mitigate elder mistreatment should put more emphasis on vulnerable older caregivers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Akua Nyarko-Odoom
- School of Medicine, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA, USA.
| | - Nadra E Lisha
- Department of Medicine, University of California, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Veronica Yank
- Department of Medicine, University of California, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Ashwin Kotwal
- Department of Medicine, University of California, San Francisco, CA, USA
- Veterans Affairs Medical Center, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Seki Balogun
- Department of Medicine, University of Oklahoma, Oklahoma City, OK, USA
| | - Alison J Huang
- Department of Medicine, University of California, San Francisco, CA, USA
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Burnes D, Pillemer K, Rosen T, Lachs MS, McDonald L. Elder abuse prevalence and risk factors: findings from the Canadian Longitudinal Study on Aging. NATURE AGING 2022; 2:784-795. [PMID: 37118505 PMCID: PMC10154033 DOI: 10.1038/s43587-022-00280-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/11/2022] [Accepted: 08/04/2022] [Indexed: 04/30/2023]
Abstract
Elder abuse (EA) is a pervasive problem with serious consequences. Previous population-based EA risk factor research has largely used cross-sectional designs that limit causal inferences, or agency records to identify victims, which threatens external validity. Based on a national, prospective, population-based cohort sample of older adults (n = 23,468) over a 3-year period from the Canadian Longitudinal Study on Aging, the current study sought to estimate the prevalence of EA and identify risk and protective factors. Past-year prevalence of any EA was 10.0%. Older adults with greater vulnerability related to physical, cognitive and mental health, childhood maltreatment and shared living were at higher EA risk, while social support was protective against EA. Older adults identifying as Black or reporting financial need were at heightened EA risk. This longitudinal, population-based study advances our understanding of EA risk/protective factors across several domains and informs the development of EA prevention strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- David Burnes
- University of Toronto, Factor-Inwentash Faculty of Social Work, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.
| | - Karl Pillemer
- Cornell University, College of Human Ecology, Ithaca, NY, USA
| | - Tony Rosen
- Division of Geriatric Emergency Medicine, Department of Emergency Medicine, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY, USA
| | - Mark S Lachs
- Geriatrics and Palliative Medicine, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY, USA
| | - Lynn McDonald
- University of Toronto, Factor-Inwentash Faculty of Social Work, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
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Elder abuse in Europe's "most elderly" city: an update of the phenomenon based on the cases reported to the Penal Court of Genoa from 2015 to 2019 and literature review. Aging Clin Exp Res 2021; 33:2865-2871. [PMID: 33517545 PMCID: PMC8531112 DOI: 10.1007/s40520-021-01790-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/02/2020] [Accepted: 01/08/2021] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Elder abuse is currently a worldwide problem. The literature reports that one elderly person out of six is a potential victim. AIMS To analyse cases reported to the judicial authorities in the territory of Genoa in the period 2010-2019, to investigate the features of elder abuse, to assess the trend of this phenomenon and to propose preventive strategies. METHODS We analysed the data on reports of abuse passed by the Court of Genoa in the period 2015-2019 concerning physical and mental maltreatment, abandonment and financial exploitation of elderly subjects. These data were compared with those recorded in the previous 5-year period and in the literature. RESULTS In the period 2015-2019, 156 cases of elder abuse were identified (versus 63 in the previous period): 18 cases of domestic violence, 5 cases of abuse of the means of correction, 18 cases of caregiver neglect, 76 cases of physical injury and 39 cases of financial exploitation. DISCUSSION Abuse was seen to be perpetrated most frequently in the domestic setting and by the victims' relatives. The main risk factors were female gender and the victim's dependence on others, the maltreating subject's mental illness and substance abuse. CONCLUSIONS We documented a progressive increase in the number of abuses reported to the judicial authority; this reflects greater awareness of the problem. However, our figures remained well below the incidence estimated in the literature. It is necessary to train healthcare personnel to identify and manage cases of suspected abuse, and to provide adequate support in situations at risk.
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Li M, Dong X. Identifying the Incidence and Factors Associated With the Risk of Elder Mistreatment. JAMA Netw Open 2021; 4:e2119593. [PMID: 34383063 DOI: 10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2021.19593] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Mengting Li
- Institute for Health, Health Care Policy and Aging Research, Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey, New Brunswick
- School of Nursing, Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey, Newark
| | - XinQi Dong
- Institute for Health, Health Care Policy and Aging Research, Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey, New Brunswick
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Burnes D, Hancock DW, Eckenrode J, Lachs MS, Pillemer K. Estimated Incidence and Factors Associated With Risk of Elder Mistreatment in New York State. JAMA Netw Open 2021; 4:e2117758. [PMID: 34383062 PMCID: PMC9014652 DOI: 10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2021.17758] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
IMPORTANCE Elder mistreatment is associated with major health and psychosocial consequences and is recognized by clinicians, policy makers, and researchers as a pervasive problem affecting a rapidly aging global population. OBJECTIVE To estimate the incidence of elder mistreatment and identify factors associated with the risk of new cases. DESIGN, SETTING, AND PARTICIPANTS This research is a 10-year, longitudinal, population-based, cohort study of the incidence of elder mistreatment in New York State households conducted between 2009 (wave 1) and 2019 (wave 2). At wave 1, random digit-dial (landline and cellular telephones) stratified sampling was done to recruit English-speaking and/or Spanish-speaking, cognitively intact, community-dwelling older adults (aged ≥60 years) across New York State. The current study conducted computer-assisted telephone interviews with older adults who participated in wave 1 and gave permission to be contacted again for wave 2 interviews (response rate, 60.7%). Data analysis was performed from October 2020 to January 2021. EXPOSURES Physical factors (health status, functional capacity, and age), living arrangement (coresidence), and sociocultural characteristics (sex, race/ethnicity, geocultural context, and household income). MAIN OUTCOMES AND MEASURES Ten-year incidence for overall elder mistreatment and subtypes (financial abuse, emotional or psychological abuse, physical abuse, and neglect) were measured using adapted versions of the Conflict Tactics Scale, the Duke Older Americans Resources and Services scale, and the New York State Elder Mistreatment Prevalence Study financial abuse tool. RESULTS The analytical sample included 628 older adults (mean [SD] age at wave 1, 69.20 [6.95] years; age at wave 2, 79.40 [6.93] years; 504 non-Hispanic White individuals [80.9%]; 406 women [64.6%]). Ten-year incidence rates were 11.4% (95% CI, 8.8%-14.3%) for overall elder mistreatment, 8.5% (95% CI, 6.3%-10.9%) for financial abuse, 4.1% (95% CI, 2.6%-5.7%) for emotional abuse, 2.3% (95% CI, 1.2%-3.6%) for physical abuse, and 1.0% (95% CI, 0.3%-1.8%) for neglect. Poor self-rated health at wave 1 was associated with increased risk at wave 2 of new overall mistreatment (odds ratio [OR], 2.86; 95% CI, 1.35-5.84), emotional abuse (OR, 3.67; 95% CI, 1.15-11.15), physical abuse (OR, 4.21; 95% CI, 1.14-13.70), and financial abuse (OR, 2.80; 95% CI, 1.16-6.38). Compared with non-Hispanic White participants, Black participants were at heightened risk of overall mistreatment (OR, 2.61; 95% CI, 1.16-5.70) and financial abuse (OR, 2.80; 95% CI, 1.09-6.91). A change from coresidence to living alone was associated with increased risk of financial abuse (OR, 2.74; 95% CI, 1.01-7.21). CONCLUSIONS AND RELEVANCE These findings suggest that health care visits may be important opportunities to detect older adults who are at risk of mistreatment. Race is highlighted as an important social determinant for elder mistreatment requiring urgent attention.
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Affiliation(s)
- David Burnes
- Factor-Inwentash Faculty of Social Work, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - David W Hancock
- Division of Geriatrics and Palliative Medicine, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York City, New York
| | - John Eckenrode
- Department of Human Development, Cornell University, Ithaca, New York
| | - Mark S Lachs
- Division of Geriatrics and Palliative Medicine, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York City, New York
| | - Karl Pillemer
- Department of Human Development, Cornell University, Ithaca, New York
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Yang EZ, Kotwal AA, Lisha NE, Wong JS, Huang AJ. Formal and informal social participation and elder mistreatment in a national sample of older adults. J Am Geriatr Soc 2021; 69:2579-2590. [PMID: 34105769 DOI: 10.1111/jgs.17282] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/07/2021] [Revised: 05/05/2021] [Accepted: 05/05/2021] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND/OBJECTIVES Older adults' susceptibility to mistreatment may be affected by their participation in social activities, but little is known about relationships between social participation and elder mistreatment. DESIGN Cross-sectional analysis. SETTING/PARTICIPANTS National probability sample of older community-dwelling U.S. adults interviewed in 2015-2016, including 1268 women and 973 men (mean age 75 years and 76 years, respectively; 82% non-Hispanic white). MEASUREMENTS Frequency of participation in formal activities (organized meetings, religious services, and volunteering) and informal social activities (visiting friends and family) was assessed by questionnaire. Elder mistreatment included emotional (four items), physical (two items), and financial mistreatment (two items) since age 60. Multivariable logistic regression examined associations between each type of social participation and elder mistreatment among men and women, adjusting for age, race/ethnicity, education, and comorbidity. RESULTS Forty percent of women and 22% of men reported at least one form of mistreatment (emotional, physical, or financial). Women reporting at least monthly engagement in formal social activities were more likely to report emotional mistreatment (adjusted odds ratio (AOR) 1.59, 95% confidence interval (CI) 1.09-2.33). Among men, monthly organized meeting attendance was associated with increased odds of emotional mistreatment (AOR 1.34, 95% CI 1.01-1.93). Weekly informal socializing was inversely associated with emotional mistreatment (AOR 0.59, 95% CI 0.44-0.78) and financial mistreatment (AOR 0.59, 95% CI 0.42-0.85) among women. CONCLUSION In this national cohort, older adults who were frequently engaged in formal social activities reported similar or higher levels of mistreatment than those with less frequent organized social participation. Older women with regular informal contact with family or friends were less likely to report some kinds of mistreatment. Strategies for detecting and mitigating elder mistreatment should consider differences in patterns of formal and informal social participation and their potential contribution to mistreatment risk.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emmy Z Yang
- Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York, USA
| | - Ashwin A Kotwal
- Division of Geriatrics, Department of Medicine, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, California, USA
| | - Nadra E Lisha
- Division of General Internal Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, California, USA
| | - Jaclyn S Wong
- Department of Sociology, University of South Carolina, Columbia, South Carolina, USA
| | - Alison J Huang
- Division of General Internal Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, California, USA
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Sun F, Lee J, Liu L, Zhang Z. Financial Maltreatment of Chinese American Elders: An Inquiry through a Cultural Lens. J Aging Soc Policy 2021; 34:375-390. [PMID: 33906583 DOI: 10.1080/08959420.2021.1914884] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Abstract
This study examined financial maltreatment from the perspectives of Chinese American elders via a mixed method approach. Three focus groups of Chinese American elders and one group of service professionals recruited from Phoenix metropolitan areas shared their insights of financial maltreatment and contributed to the refinement of questions in the followed survey that included 325 elders (Mage = 75.6, SD = 7.00). Two types of financial maltreatment: Financial exploitation and financial neglect were identified from focus group discussions. About 9.2% experienced financial exploitation and 1.5% experienced financial neglect. Both financial exploitation and neglect were related to higher vulnerability scores for abuse assessed using the H-S/EAST elder abuse screening scale. Financial maltreatment needs to be understood in legal, cultural, and family contexts, incorporating the perspectives of older adults. Prevention of financial maltreatment hinges on increased awareness and knowledge of this issue among elders, families and service professionals, and the collaborative efforts of stakeholders from ethnic communities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fei Sun
- School of Social Work, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan, USA
| | - Jaewon Lee
- School of Social Welfare, Inha University, Incheon, South Korea
| | - Lina Liu
- College of Law, Shanghai University of Finance and Economics, Shanghai, China
| | - Zhenmei Zhang
- Department of Sociology, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan, USA
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Li M, Kong D, Chao YY, Dong X. Association between personality traits and elder abuse in a community-dwelling Chinese population: findings from the PINE study. J Elder Abuse Negl 2020; 32:317-333. [PMID: 32580693 DOI: 10.1080/08946566.2020.1782300] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
Abstract
Elder abuse is a pervasive public health issue. The relationship between personality traits and elder abuse remains unclear. This study aims to examine the associations between neuroticism, conscientiousness, and elder abuse. Data were derived from the Population Study of Chinese Elderly (PINE), a community-engaged study of 3,157 US Chinese older adults in the greater Chicago area from 2011-2013. Elder abuse included psychological, physical, and sexual abuse, financial exploitation, and caregiver neglect. The assessments of neuroticism and conscientiousness were derived from the NEO Five-Factor Inventory. Logistic regression was used. Higher neuroticism (score range: 6-30, OR = 1.14, CI = 1.11-1.18) and lower conscientiousness (score range: 16-60, OR = 0.97, CI = 0.96-0.99) were associated with a higher risk of elder abuse. With respect to different forms of elder abuse, higher neuroticism was associated with an increased risk of psychological abuse (OR = 1.14, CI = 1.10-1.17), financial exploitation (OR = 1.03, CI = 1.00-1.07), and caregiver neglect (OR = 1.06, CI = 1.03-1.09). Higher conscientiousness was associated with a higher risk of financial exploitation (OR = 1.02, CI = 1.00-1.05). Intervention programs could reduce neuroticism and raise conscientiousness of elder abuse victims.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mengting Li
- Institute for Health, Health Care Policy and Aging Research, Rutgers, the State University of New Jersey , New Brunswick, NJ, USA.,School of Nursing, Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey , Newark, NJ, USA
| | - Dexia Kong
- Institute for Health, Health Care Policy and Aging Research, Rutgers, the State University of New Jersey , New Brunswick, NJ, USA
| | - Ying-Yu Chao
- School of Nursing, Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey , Newark, NJ, USA
| | - XinQi Dong
- Institute for Health, Health Care Policy and Aging Research, Rutgers, the State University of New Jersey , New Brunswick, NJ, USA
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Wang B, Dong X. Life Course Violence: Child Maltreatment, IPV, and Elder Abuse Phenotypes in a US Chinese Population. J Am Geriatr Soc 2020; 67:S486-S492. [PMID: 31403201 DOI: 10.1111/jgs.16096] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/10/2019] [Revised: 06/25/2019] [Accepted: 07/08/2019] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES To examine the associations between violence experiences including phenotypes (psychological, physical/sexual abuse, financial exploitation, caregiver neglect) of child maltreatment (CM), intimate partner violence (IPV), and elder abuse (EA). DESIGN Cross-sectional data collected during 2011-2013. SETTING US Chinese community in Chicago, Illinois. PARTICIPANTS A total of 3157 community-dwelling older adults (aged ≥60 y). MEASUREMENTS Cases of CM, IPV, and EA. RESULTS Prevalence of violence was 11.4% for CM (physical/sexual = 10.2%; psychological = 2.4%), 6.5% for IPV (psychological = 5.3%; physical/sexual = 2.8%), and 15.2% for EA (caregiver neglect = 11.2%; psychological = 9.8%; financial exploitation = 9.3%; physical/sexual = 1.2%). After adjusting for potential confounding variables, CM psychological was associated with increased risks for IPV psychological (odds ratio [OR] = 7.60; 95% confidence interval [CI] = 4.29-13.45), IPV physical/sexual (OR = 4.06; CI = 1.71-9.63), EA psychological (OR = 3.79; 95% CI = 2.20-6.51), and EA financial exploitation (OR = 2.07; 95% CI = 1.12-3.81). CM physical/sexual was associated with increased risks for IPV physical/sexual (OR = 1.86; 95% CI = 1.02-3.38), EA psychological (OR = 1.70; 95% CI = 1.20-2.42), and EA financial exploitation (OR = 2.38; 95% CI = 1.72-3.30). IPV psychological and physical/sexual were associated with 5 to 8 times increased risks for EA psychological, 6 to 9 times increased risks for EA physical/sexual, and 3 times increased risks for EA financial exploitation. CONCLUSION Healthcare professionals working with older adults should be informed that a history of violence might further predispose a person to different types of EA. The cumulative impact of violence should also be considered when providing services or care to violence victims. J Am Geriatr Soc 67:S486-S492, 2019.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bei Wang
- Institute for Health, Health Care Policy and Aging Research, Rutgers University, New Brunswick, New Jersey
| | - XinQi Dong
- Institute for Health, Health Care Policy and Aging Research, Rutgers University, New Brunswick, New Jersey
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12
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Li M, Liang Y, Dong X. Different Definitions of Elder Mistreatment and Mortality: A Prospective Cohort Study From 2011 to 2017. J Am Geriatr Soc 2019; 67:S506-S512. [DOI: 10.1111/jgs.15641] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/08/2018] [Revised: 09/07/2018] [Accepted: 09/13/2018] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Mengting Li
- Institute for Health, Health Care Policy and Aging Research, School of Nursing, Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey New Brunswick New Jersey
| | - Ying Liang
- Department of Social Work and Social Policy, School of Social and Behavioral SciencesNanjing University Nanjing China
| | - XinQi Dong
- Institute for Health, Health Care Policy and Aging Research, Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey New Brunswick New Jersey
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Russo A, Reginelli A, Pignatiello M, Cioce F, Mazzei G, Fabozzi O, Parlato V, Cappabianca S, Giovine S. Imaging of Violence Against the Elderly and the Women. Semin Ultrasound CT MR 2018; 40:18-24. [PMID: 30686363 DOI: 10.1053/j.sult.2018.10.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
Abstract
Emergency department assessment is a critical opportunity to identify elder abuse and violence against women, which represent a growing problem, requiring the attention of health care systems. Elder abuse is most frequently perpetrated by family members because of the higher levels of stress, burnout, and financial problems affecting the caregivers that can even lead to deadly consequences. Intimate partner violence is defined as physical, sexual, or psychological harm caused to another by a current or former partner or spouse, and can range from a single acute hit to chronic battering, varying in frequency and severity. Radiologists have a critical role in detecting those injury findings suggestive of abuse and violence. When appropriate, additional information about the social circumstances in which an injury took place, linked with imaging findings, may also be helpful in diagnosing abuse. The purpose of this article is to highlight the role of diagnostic imaging in the detection of lesions compatible with domestic abuse in elderly patients and women, and to allow the recognition of the alterations most frequently associated with this type of violence.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna Russo
- Department of Radiology, SG Moscati Hospital, Aversa Caserta, Italy
| | - Alfonso Reginelli
- Department of Precision Medicine, Radiology and Radiotherapy, University of Campania Luigi Vanvitelli. Piazza Miraglia, Naples Italy.
| | - Maria Pignatiello
- Department of Precision Medicine, Radiology and Radiotherapy, University of Campania Luigi Vanvitelli. Piazza Miraglia, Naples Italy
| | - Fabrizio Cioce
- Department of Precision Medicine, Radiology and Radiotherapy, University of Campania Luigi Vanvitelli. Piazza Miraglia, Naples Italy
| | - Giovanni Mazzei
- School of Medicine, University St. Kliment Ohridski, Sofia, Bulgaria
| | - Olimpia Fabozzi
- Department of Radiology, SG Moscati Hospital, Aversa Caserta, Italy
| | - Vincenzo Parlato
- Department of Precision Medicine, Radiology and Radiotherapy, University of Campania Luigi Vanvitelli. Piazza Miraglia, Naples Italy
| | - Salvatore Cappabianca
- Department of Precision Medicine, Radiology and Radiotherapy, University of Campania Luigi Vanvitelli. Piazza Miraglia, Naples Italy
| | - Sabrina Giovine
- Department of Radiology, SG Moscati Hospital, Aversa Caserta, Italy
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Dong X. Achieving Health Equity in Asian Populations. Gerontol Geriatr Med 2018; 4:2333721418778169. [PMID: 30014006 PMCID: PMC6042021 DOI: 10.1177/2333721418778169] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/06/2018] [Revised: 04/06/2018] [Accepted: 04/19/2018] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Research about Asian Americans and Asian health equity issues have significant gaps, in part, due to lack of funding and support for minority investigators and examinations of health in this population. This special issue is designed to further our understanding of Asian health equity, especially within the context of global Chinese populations to examine how sociocultural contexts impact aging and health. Through the findings reported in this special issue, we call for increased funding and support to minority research scholars to conduct research toward improving Asian health equity, with an emphasis on nuanced cultural contexts of this population.
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