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Wendt C. [Strategies against loneliness-examples from an international comparative perspective]. Bundesgesundheitsblatt Gesundheitsforschung Gesundheitsschutz 2024; 67:1172-1179. [PMID: 39207500 PMCID: PMC11424651 DOI: 10.1007/s00103-024-03945-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2024] [Accepted: 08/07/2024] [Indexed: 09/04/2024]
Abstract
The extent of loneliness differs internationally. Especially in the developed welfare states of Northern Europe, loneliness levels in the population are comparatively low. However, the increase in loneliness in many countries shows that existing concepts are not sufficient to provide effective protection against loneliness. Younger people also need to be strengthened so that they do not withdraw when they experience social exclusion and loneliness. This requires qualified specialists in kindergartens, schools, sports clubs, and other leisure facilities who help children and young people to establish social contacts. Friendship and neighborhood models have proven to be successful when it comes to strategies to combat loneliness. Greater identification with the neighborhood and a feeling of security help build social networks and reduce loneliness. For older people it is important to be able to stay in their usual social environment and maintain their social contacts. To this end, accessible public spaces must be combined with home care and support services that are tailored to the needs and wishes of older people.
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Affiliation(s)
- Claus Wendt
- Lehrstuhl für Soziologie der Gesundheit und des Gesundheitssystems, Universität Siegen, Adolf-Reichwein-Str. 2, 57068, Siegen, Deutschland.
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2
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Balog EJ, Figueiredo S, Vause-Earland T, Ragusa E, Van der Wees PJ. Nurturing the Seeds of Participation: Unveiling the Foundational Path for Understanding Aging in Place Barriers and Facilitators From the Perspective of Older Adults Using Mixed Methods and Translational Science. J Appl Gerontol 2024; 43:881-898. [PMID: 38298083 DOI: 10.1177/07334648231225336] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/02/2024] Open
Abstract
Participation in society is a cornerstone for quality of life, active aging, and aging in place. While the majority of older adults prefer aging in place, health and financial challenges can hinder this vision. Conducted in suburban South Jersey, this study utilized mixed methods, including surveys and interviews with older adult participants. Surveys indicated that satisfaction with participation in the community is influenced by functional ability, healthcare service availability, and information access. Interviewees identified suggestions to overcome barriers (e.g., improve access to community and address ageism). Combined results provide a theory of change which suggests older adults' empowerment in community participation hinges on home living support, participation options aligning with ability and interest, and accessible information on community events. This person-centered planning approach emphasizes the importance of older adult and stakeholder participation in foundational community planning, offering translational foundational tools for evidence-based strategies to engage them in future community action plans (CAPs).
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Affiliation(s)
- Emily J Balog
- Occupational Therapy Doctorate Program, Department of Rehabilitation and Movement Sciences, School of Health Professions, Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey, Newark, NJ, USA
- PhD in Translational Health Sciences, Department of Clinical Research and Leadership, School of Medicine and Health Sciences, The George Washington University, Washington, DC, USA
| | - Sabrina Figueiredo
- PhD in Translational Health Sciences, Department of Clinical Research and Leadership, School of Medicine and Health Sciences, The George Washington University, Washington, DC, USA
| | - Tracey Vause-Earland
- Jefferson College of Rehabilitation Sciences, Department of Occupational Therapy, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | | | - Philip J Van der Wees
- PhD in Translational Health Sciences, Department of Clinical Research and Leadership, School of Medicine and Health Sciences, The George Washington University, Washington, DC, USA
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3
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Ra Y, Chang I, Kim J. Discriminant analysis of ecological factors influencing sarcopenia in older people in South Korea. Front Public Health 2024; 12:1346315. [PMID: 38864021 PMCID: PMC11165097 DOI: 10.3389/fpubh.2024.1346315] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2023] [Accepted: 05/14/2024] [Indexed: 06/13/2024] Open
Abstract
This study aimed to investigate the ecological system factors that influence discrimination of sarcopenia among older individuals living in contemporary society. Data analysis included information from 618 older adults individuals aged 65 years or older residing in South Korea. To assess variations in ecological system factors related to SARC-F scores, we conducted correlation analysis and t-tests. Discriminant analysis was used to identify factors contributing to group discrimination. The key findings are summarized as follows. First, significant differences at the p < 0.001 level were observed between the SARC-F score groups in various aspects, including attitudes toward life, wisdom in life, health management, social support, media availability, sports environment, collectivist values, and values associated with death. Further, service environment differences were significant at p < 0.01 level, while social belonging and social activities exhibited significance at p < 0.05. Second, factors influencing group discrimination based on the SARC-F scores were ranked in the following order: health management, attitudes toward life, fear of own death, wisdom in life, physical environment, sports environment, media availability, social support, fear of the own dying, collectivist values, service environment, social activities, and social belonging. Notably, the SARC-F tool, which is used for sarcopenia discrimination, primarily concentrates on physical functioning and demonstrates relatively low sensitivity. Therefore, to enhance the precision of sarcopenia discrimination within a score-based group discrimination process, it is imperative to incorporate ecological system factors that exert a significant influence. These modifications aimed to enhance the clarity and precision of the text in an academic context.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yoonho Ra
- Institute of Human Convergence Health Science, Gachon University, Incheon, Republic of Korea
| | - Ikyoung Chang
- Department of Sport Coaching, Korea National Sport University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Jiyoun Kim
- Department of Exercise Rehabilitation, Gachon University, Incheon, Republic of Korea
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4
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Pfabigan J, Pleschberger S, Wosko P. [Older people living alone: the importance of informal non-kin care : Scoping review]. Z Gerontol Geriatr 2023; 56:498-504. [PMID: 36053370 DOI: 10.1007/s00391-022-02099-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 08/04/2022] [Indexed: 10/14/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The number of older people living alone is constantly increasing. This group faces special challenges regarding remaining at home when their care needs increase, especially in later life. When no family is available, friends and neighbors, so called non-kin carers, are important sources of support. OBJECTIVE A literature review was conducted to evaluate existing research on the relevance of non-kin support for older people living alone, from initial limitations to the end of their lives, particularly when they wished to remain at home. METHOD The literature search followed the criteria of a scoping review and was conducted in relevant databases and manually. A total of 22 studies were included in the analysis. RESULTS Older people living alone are often embedded in complex support networks. Living alone at an advanced age creates tensions between the desire for independence and the need for help. Non-kin carers primarily provide instrumental, emotional, and informational support. Challenges arise due to difficult interpersonal dynamics and the overburdening of non-kin carers, especially when those they support are at the end of their lives. CONCLUSION It is important to understand care networks as a complex interplay of different actors. Future research should focus on the specific burdens on non-kin carers as well as on the dynamics of relationships in these care networks.
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Affiliation(s)
- Johanna Pfabigan
- Gesundheit Österreich GmbH, Stubenring 6, 1010, Wien, Österreich.
| | | | - Paulina Wosko
- Gesundheit Österreich GmbH, Stubenring 6, 1010, Wien, Österreich
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5
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Kim J, Ra Y, Yi E. Effects of Community Environment, Leisure, and Social Activities on Health Status of Older Adults with Diabetes in South Korea. Healthcare (Basel) 2023; 11:2105. [PMID: 37510546 PMCID: PMC10379404 DOI: 10.3390/healthcare11142105] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/26/2023] [Revised: 07/17/2023] [Accepted: 07/20/2023] [Indexed: 07/30/2023] Open
Abstract
This study investigates the effects of community environment, leisure, and social activities on the health status of older adults with diabetes, a serious disease in modern society. Data from the 2020 National Survey of Older Koreans were analyzed. Descriptive statistics were used to assess participants' characteristics, and regression analyses were conducted to assess the effects of community environment, leisure, and social activities. Mediating effects were tested using hierarchical regression analysis and bootstrapping. The key results are as follows. (a) Community environmental satisfaction affected participation in leisure and social activities. (b) Community accessibility had a negative effect on subjective health, while community environmental satisfaction had a positive effect on subjective health, cognitive function, and chronic diseases. (c) Leisure activities had a positive effect on cognitive health, while social activities influenced subjective health, cognitive function, and chronic diseases. (d) Analysis of the mediating effect of leisure and social activities on the relationship between the community environment and health status of older adults with diabetes confirmed a partial mediating effect. To improve older adults' mental and physical health, mere quantitative increases in the community environment will not be sufficient. It is necessary to cultivate and manage professionals to increase opportunities for participation by increasing social exchanges and systematically managing older adults' health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiyoun Kim
- Department of Exercise Rehabilitation, Gachon University, Incheon 21936, Republic of Korea
| | - Yoonho Ra
- Institute of Human Convergence Health Science, Gachon University, Incheon 21936, Republic of Korea
| | - Eunsurk Yi
- Department of Exercise Rehabilitation, Gachon University, Incheon 21936, Republic of Korea
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6
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Zangger C. Localized social capital in action: How neighborhood relations buffered the negative impact of COVID-19 on subjective well-being and trust. SSM Popul Health 2023; 21:101307. [PMID: 36506731 PMCID: PMC9721125 DOI: 10.1016/j.ssmph.2022.101307] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/22/2022] [Revised: 11/11/2022] [Accepted: 11/29/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
The importance of neighbors is highlighted in times of crisis, such as the COVID-19 pandemic: they offer support by providing small services and a sense of community. Using panel data from Switzerland, this study investigates how and for whom relations with neighbors changed during the pandemic. In a second step, changes in subjective well-being and trust in other people are linked to changes in neighborly relations. The results show that the negative impact of the pandemic on people's subjective well-being and trust was much less pronounced for those who improved their relations with neighbors. Meanwhile, people with more resources prior to the pandemic were generally more likely to improve neighborly relations. Consequently, the most vulnerable groups in terms of health and socio-economic status saw their subjective well-being and trust negatively impacted through the challenging circumstances of the pandemic as well as indirectly through a relative deterioration of neighborly relations. Robustness analyses further show that the documented effects are attributable to changes induced by the pandemic.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christoph Zangger
- University of Bern, Institute of Sociology, Fabrisktrasse 8, 3012, Bern, Switzerland
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Nie J, Fan R, Wu Y, Li D. By Internal Network or by External Network?-Study on the Social Network Mechanism of Reducing the Perception of Old-Age Support Risks of Rural Elders in China. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2022; 19:15289. [PMID: 36430008 PMCID: PMC9690998 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph192215289] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/24/2022] [Revised: 11/17/2022] [Accepted: 11/18/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Nowadays, it is a general trend for China to enter a deep aging society, and the aging situation of the rural population is particularly severe. As informal endogenous resources in rural areas, social networks play an essential role in ensuring elders' later life. Data were drawn from a questionnaire survey of 1126 rural elders in 11 provinces of China. Descriptive statistics and an ordinary least square regression model were conducted to explore the impact of social networks on the perception of old-age support risks of rural elders. There was a significant positive association between the social network size and the reduction in perception of old-age support risks of rural elders. The reduction effect was mainly reflected in the internal network size, whereas it was not evident in the external network size. There was a significant positive association between the heterogeneity of the network and the perceived level of old-age support risks of rural elders. There was a significant positive association between the communication frequency of external network relationships and the perceived level of old-age support risks of rural elders. We found a significant negative association between the ratio of communication frequency between the internal and external network relationships and the perception of old-age support risks of rural elders. Compared with the external network, the internal network had a more evident reduction effect on the social network mechanism of perception of old-age support risks of rural elders.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Dan Li
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +86-150-0291-7385
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8
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Garcia Diaz L, Durocher E, McAiney C, Richardson J, Letts L. The Impact of a Canadian Model of Aging in Place on Community Dwelling Older Adults' Experience of Physical Distancing during the COVID-19 Pandemic. AGEING INTERNATIONAL 2022; 48:1-25. [PMID: 36186927 PMCID: PMC9516521 DOI: 10.1007/s12126-022-09509-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 09/13/2022] [Indexed: 10/29/2022]
Abstract
Naturally occurring retirement communities (NORCs) are unplanned communities with a high proportion of residents aged 65 years and older. Oasis is a Canadian aging in place model that combines health and supportive community services for adults aged 65 years and older within NORCs. The aims of this study were to explore how physical distancing restrictions during the COVID-19 pandemic impacted older adults living in a NORC (Oasis members) and to investigate whether Oasis served as a context for social connection and well-being during the COVID-19 pandemic. An interpretive description methodology guided this study. Semi-structured interviews were conducted with nine Oasis members (aged 66-77 years) and two Oasis site coordinators. The Oasis members also completed a social network mapping activity guided by the hierarchical mapping technique. Three overarching themes related to the impact of physical distancing on Oasis members during the COVID-19 pandemic were identified: (1) unintended consequences of physical distancing restrictions on participants' wellbeing; (2) face-to-face interactions are important for social connection; and (3) family, friend, healthcare provider, and community support mitigated the impact of physical distancing restrictions during the COVID-19 pandemic. In addition, two of Oasis' core pillars were found to support participants: strengthening social connectivity and connection to pre-existing community services. Findings illustrate that community programs like Oasis acted as a source of resilience during the COVID-19 pandemic and advance our understanding of the impact of aging in place models on community dwelling older adults' experience of the COVID-19 pandemic.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laura Garcia Diaz
- School of Rehabilitation Science, Faculty of Health Sciences, Institute for Applied Health Sciences Building, McMaster University, 1400 Main Street West, Hamilton, ON Canada
| | - Evelyne Durocher
- School of Rehabilitation Science, Faculty of Health Sciences, Institute for Applied Health Sciences Building, McMaster University, 1400 Main Street West, Hamilton, ON Canada
| | - Carrie McAiney
- School of Public Health Sciences, University of Waterloo, 200 University Ave West, Waterloo, ON Canada
- Schlegel-UW Research Institute for Aging, University of Waterloo, 250 Laurelwood Dr, Waterloo, ON Canada
| | - Julie Richardson
- School of Rehabilitation Science, Faculty of Health Sciences, Institute for Applied Health Sciences Building, McMaster University, 1400 Main Street West, Hamilton, ON Canada
| | - Lori Letts
- School of Rehabilitation Science, Faculty of Health Sciences, Institute for Applied Health Sciences Building, McMaster University, 1400 Main Street West, Hamilton, ON Canada
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9
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An Overview of Naturally Occurring Retirement Communities (NORCs) for Ageing in Place. BUILDINGS 2022. [DOI: 10.3390/buildings12050519] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/07/2022]
Abstract
As an alternative to ageing at home in the community, naturally occurring retirement communities (NORCs) have great potential to facilitate ageing in place; however, they have not attracted much research attention. This study conducts an overview of NORCs, aiming to examine the previous research in a comprehensive manner in order to explore how NORCs impact ageing in place, with the goal of guiding future research. The research presented here employs the content analysis method to review prior NORC-related studies and categorise research themes and findings following top-down coding principles. A total of 49 articles were selected from the Scopus and Web of Science databases, and the results show that the “social environment”, which was the most discussed topic (n = 24), provides the necessary mental support and physical motivation for older adults to live actively in NORCs, and that NORCs play a positive role in preserving public resources and promoting individual health. The limitations of this study include the fact that there is little public information on NORC programs and the subjective classification of themes, among others. This study acts as a foundation for future research on NORCs, which serve as a perfect model for healthy ageing in place.
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Bigonnesse C, Chaudhury H. Ageing in place processes in the neighbourhood environment: a proposed conceptual framework from a capability approach. Eur J Ageing 2022; 19:63-74. [PMID: 35250420 PMCID: PMC8881541 DOI: 10.1007/s10433-020-00599-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 12/24/2020] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
Abstract
The concept of "ageing in place" has become increasingly significant in the environmental gerontology literature. Despite its predominance, there have been limited efforts to offer a more comprehensive and nuanced conceptualization of this topic. Definitions found in the literature are often too simplistic and only partially capture the various aspects of older adults' experience while ageing in place. This paper presents a conceptual framework on ageing in place in the context of neighbourhood environment which aims to address this gap by proposing a multi-faceted understanding of ageing in place processes through the lenses of a capability approach, a more comprehensive definition of the concept, and related overarching principles. Building on predominant theories in environmental gerontology, this conceptual framework offers new insights into the interactions between "place" and the "ageing individual". It is meant to offer opportunities for discussion, to suggest new paths of inquiry, and to explore implications for policy and practice.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Habib Chaudhury
- Department of Gerontology, Simon Fraser University, Vancouver, Canada
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11
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Mills C, Parniak S, Hand C, McGrath C, Laliberte Rudman D, Chislett C, Giberson M, White L, DePaul V, Donnelly C. The impact of a naturally occurring retirement community supportive services program on older adult participants’ social networks: a qualitative study (Preprint). JMIR Aging 2022; 5:e37617. [DOI: 10.2196/37617] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2022] [Revised: 09/21/2022] [Accepted: 09/24/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
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12
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Sharifian N, Sol K, Zahodne LB, Antonucci TC. Social Relationships and Adaptation in Later Life. COMPREHENSIVE CLINICAL PSYCHOLOGY 2022. [PMCID: PMC7500884 DOI: 10.1016/b978-0-12-818697-8.00016-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
Social relations encompass a complex and dynamic set of characteristics that have been shown to distinctly affect health and quality of life across the lifespan and especially in older adulthood. In this chapter we begin with a brief review of several prominent theories of social relations. Next, we consider how social relations can be understood based on the resource they provide (e.g., contact frequency, social support), the relationship they stem from (e.g., friends, family), the strength of the tie (e.g., strong, weak) as well as the means of communication (e.g., offline, online). We briefly summarize how these characteristics have been shown to uniquely influence health and quality of life in older adulthood. Finally, we contemplate potential clinical applications, provide recommendations for the future and offer final concluding comments.
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Parniak S, DePaul VG, Frymire C, DePaul S, Donnelly C. Naturally Occurring Retirement Communities: A Scoping Review (Preprint). JMIR Aging 2021; 5:e34577. [PMID: 35436204 PMCID: PMC9052023 DOI: 10.2196/34577] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2021] [Revised: 01/23/2022] [Accepted: 02/07/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Background As Canada’s population ages, there is a need to explore community-based solutions to support older adults. Naturally occurring retirement communities (NORCs), defined in 1986 as buildings or areas not specifically designed for, but which attract, older adults and associated NORC supportive service programs (NORC-SSPs) have been described as potential resources to support aging in place. Though the body of literature on NORCs has been growing since the 1980s, no synthesis of this work has been conducted to date. Objective The goal of this scoping review is to highlight the current state of NORC literature to inform future research and offer a summarized description of NORCs and how they have supported, and can support, older adults to age in place. Methods Using a published framework, a scoping review was conducted by searching 13 databases from earliest date of coverage to January 2022. We included English peer- and non–peer-reviewed scholarly journal publications that described, critiqued, reflected on, or researched NORCs. Aging-in-place literature with little to no mention of NORCs was excluded, as were studies that recruited participants from NORCs but did not connect findings to the setting. A qualitative content analysis of the literature was conducted, guided by a conceptual framework, to examine the promise of NORC programs to promote aging in place. Results From 787 publications, we included 64 (8.1%) articles. All publications were North American, and nearly half used a descriptive research approach (31/64, 48%). A little more than half provided a specific definition of a NORC (33/64, 52%); of these, 13 (39%) used the 1986 definition; yet, there were discrepancies in the defined proportions of older adults that constitute a NORC (eg, 40% or 50%). Of the 64 articles, 6 (9%) described processes for identifying NORCs and 39 (61%) specifically described NORC-SSPs and included both external partnerships with organizations for service delivery (33/39, 85%) and internal resources such as staff, volunteers, or neighbors. Identified key components of a NORC-SSP included activities fostering social relationships (25/64, 39%) and access to resources and services (26/64, 41%). Sustainability and funding of NORC-SSPs were described (27/64, 42%), particularly as challenges to success. Initial outcomes, including self-efficacy (6/64, 9%) and increased access to social and health supports (14/64, 22%) were cited; however, long-term outcomes were lacking. Conclusions This review synthesizes the NORC literature to date and demonstrates that NORC-SSPs have potential as an alternative model of supporting aging in place. Longitudinal research exploring the impacts of both NORCs and NORC-SSPs on older adult health and well-being is recommended. Future research should also explore ways to improve the sustainability of NORC-SSPs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Simone Parniak
- Health Services and Policy Research Institute, Faculty of Health Sciences, Queen's University, Kingston, ON, Canada
| | - Vincent G DePaul
- Health Services and Policy Research Institute, Faculty of Health Sciences, Queen's University, Kingston, ON, Canada
- School of Rehabilitation Therapy, Faculty of Health Sciences, Queen's University, Kingston, ON, Canada
| | - Clare Frymire
- School of Rehabilitation Therapy, Faculty of Health Sciences, Queen's University, Kingston, ON, Canada
| | - Samuel DePaul
- School of Rehabilitation Therapy, Faculty of Health Sciences, Queen's University, Kingston, ON, Canada
| | - Catherine Donnelly
- Health Services and Policy Research Institute, Faculty of Health Sciences, Queen's University, Kingston, ON, Canada
- School of Rehabilitation Therapy, Faculty of Health Sciences, Queen's University, Kingston, ON, Canada
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14
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Factors Affecting the Intention of Multi-Family House Residents to Age in Place in a Potential Naturally Occurring Retirement Community of Seoul in South Korea. SUSTAINABILITY 2021. [DOI: 10.3390/su13168922] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
This study reveals residents’ willingness to live in their current homes and communities and analyzes the factors related to their willingness to age in place in South Korea. Using a questionnaire survey method, data of 289 residents aged 55 or older were collected in apartment areas with the potential to become naturally occurring senior communities in Seoul. Data were analyzed using descriptive statistics, correlation tests, t-test, ANOVA, factor analysis, and regression analysis by SPSS 26.0, and the findings were followed up. Housing services are very important in aging communities. Physical environment-oriented residential services promote a safe walking environment, facilities to support the elderly, a secure complex environment, a home-safety accident-prevention diagnosis service, home improvement, and home improvement support. Multiple regression analysis showed that residential services or elderly education and activity support services influence aging in place, which is a novel finding revealed in this study.
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Mahmood A, Seetharaman K, Jenkins HT, Chaudhury H. Contextualizing Innovative Housing Models and Services within the Age-Friendly Communities Framework. THE GERONTOLOGIST 2021; 62:66-74. [PMID: 34355769 DOI: 10.1093/geront/gnab115] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2021] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
This paper compares and contrasts the characteristics of three models of housing and services for older adults, cohousing, Naturally Occurring Retirement-Community Supportive Services Program (NORC-SSP), and Villages, and links them to the domains of the age-friendly communities (AFC) framework, specifically a) services, supports, and information, b) respect, inclusion, and diversity, c) social and civic participation, and d) affordability. We discuss key barriers and challenges of these models with respect to the AFC domains, as well as implementation and sustainability. Consideration of these models in age-friendly housing policy and practice could help expand and diversify the choices in the housing and services continuum. This aligns with AFC's emphasis on the need for housing and services responsive to older adults' diverse health and social needs, provide options that balance autonomy, choice, and support, and emphasize older adults' participation and involvement in tailoring these options.
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Affiliation(s)
- Atiya Mahmood
- Department of Gerontology, Simon Fraser University, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Kishore Seetharaman
- Department of Gerontology, Simon Fraser University, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Hailey-Thomas Jenkins
- Department of Gerontology, Simon Fraser University, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Habib Chaudhury
- Department of Gerontology, Simon Fraser University, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
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16
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Chum K, Fitzhenry G, Robinson K, Murphy M, Phan D, Alvarez J, Hand C, Laliberte Rudman D, McGrath C. Examining Community-Based Housing Models to Support Aging in Place: A Scoping Review. THE GERONTOLOGIST 2020; 62:e178-e192. [PMID: 32971538 DOI: 10.1093/geront/gnaa142] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/19/2020] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES With the global population aging, there is demand for older adults to age in place, that is, to live and age well in their home and community with some level of independence. Community-based housing models exist and may support this process. This scoping review aimed to describe and synthesize the ways in which community-based housing models relate to older adults' aging in place and identify strengths and gaps in the literature. RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS The housing models explored were: villages; naturally occurring retirement communities; congregate housing and co-housing; sheltered housing; and continuing care retirement communities. This exploratory scoping review examined international peer-reviewed literature published from 2004-2019. Six databases were searched using terms related to housing models and older adults. Forty-six articles met the inclusion criteria. Descriptive numerical summary and thematic analysis were used to synthesize study characteristics and findings. RESULTS Our analysis revealed four themes relating to aging in place in the housing models: Social Relations, Health and Well-being, Sense of Self and Autonomy, and Activity Participation. Further analysis identified housing-specific characteristics that appeared to pose barriers to, or enable, aging in place. DISCUSSION AND IMPLICATIONS To best support aging in place, the findings of the review suggest multiple characteristics worth considering when developing or relocating to a community-based housing model. Further research is required to understand how facilitating characteristics can promote aging in place for community-dwelling older adults.
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Affiliation(s)
- Karen Chum
- School of Occupational Therapy, Western University, London, Ontario, Canada
| | - Griffin Fitzhenry
- School of Occupational Therapy, Western University, London, Ontario, Canada
| | - Kali Robinson
- School of Occupational Therapy, Western University, London, Ontario, Canada
| | - Michelle Murphy
- School of Occupational Therapy, Western University, London, Ontario, Canada
| | - Delyth Phan
- School of Occupational Therapy, Western University, London, Ontario, Canada
| | - Jacob Alvarez
- School of Occupational Therapy, Western University, London, Ontario, Canada
| | - Carri Hand
- School of Occupational Therapy, Western University, London, Ontario, Canada
| | | | - Colleen McGrath
- School of Occupational Therapy, Western University, London, Ontario, Canada
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17
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Fuller HR, Ajrouch KJ, Antonucci TC. The Convoy Model and Later-Life Family Relationships. JOURNAL OF FAMILY THEORY & REVIEW 2020; 12:126-146. [PMID: 32536976 PMCID: PMC7283809 DOI: 10.1111/jftr.12376] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/09/2019] [Revised: 04/13/2020] [Accepted: 04/14/2020] [Indexed: 05/30/2023]
Abstract
The convoy model of social relations was developed to provide a heuristic framework for conceptualizing and understanding social relationships. In this Original Voices article, we begin with an overview of the theoretical tenets of the convoy model, including its value in addressing situational and contextual influences, especially variability in family forms and cultural diversity across the life span, but particularly in older adulthood. We also consider the contributions of the convoy model to the field of family gerontology by illustrating concepts, methods, and measures used to test the model, as well as its usefulness and limitations in addressing contemporary issues facing older adults. Finally, we discuss opportunities for innovation and application of the convoy model to the study of later-life family relationships. In summary, we emphasize the benefits and inclusiveness of the convoy model for guiding current and future research to address challenges facing family gerontology now and in the future.
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18
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Versey HS, Murad S, Willems P, Sanni M. Beyond Housing: Perceptions of Indirect Displacement, Displacement Risk, and Aging Precarity as Challenges to Aging in Place in Gentrifying Cities. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2019; 16:E4633. [PMID: 31766451 PMCID: PMC6927009 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph16234633] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/14/2019] [Revised: 11/05/2019] [Accepted: 11/08/2019] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
Neighborhoods within age-friendly cities and communities are an important factor in shaping the everyday lives of older adults. Yet, less is known about how neighborhoods experiencing change influence the ability to age in place. One type of rapid neighborhood change occurring across major cities nationally and globally is gentrification, a process whereby the culture of an existing neighborhood changes through the influx of more affluent residents and businesses. Few studies have considered the impact of gentrification on older adults, who are among the most vulnerable to economic and social pressures that often accompany gentrification. The current study explores one consequence of gentrification, indirect displacement. While gentrification-induced displacement can refer to the physical (e.g., direct) displacement of residents moving out of a neighborhood due to rising housing costs, it also references the replacement of the unique character and social identity of a neighborhood (e.g., indirect displacement). We examine perceptions of the latter, characterized by perceived cultural shifts and housing concerns among adults aging in place in a gentrifying neighborhood in New York City. The implications of indirect displacement for displacement risk and aging precarity are discussed as potential threats to aging in place in age-friendly cities.
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Affiliation(s)
- H. Shellae Versey
- Department of Psychology, Wesleyan University, Middletown, CT 06459, USA; (P.W.); (M.S.)
| | - Serene Murad
- Physicians for Human Rights, New York, NY 10018, USA;
| | - Paul Willems
- Department of Psychology, Wesleyan University, Middletown, CT 06459, USA; (P.W.); (M.S.)
| | - Mubarak Sanni
- Department of Psychology, Wesleyan University, Middletown, CT 06459, USA; (P.W.); (M.S.)
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19
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Seifert A, König R. Help From and Help to Neighbors Among Older Adults in Europe. FRONTIERS IN SOCIOLOGY 2019; 4:46. [PMID: 33869369 PMCID: PMC8022689 DOI: 10.3389/fsoc.2019.00046] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/05/2019] [Accepted: 05/06/2019] [Indexed: 05/30/2023]
Abstract
Neighborhoods can be a valuable source of social support particularly for older adults. Such support can be mutual; however, the influential factors in giving and receiving are unclear. This study investigated neighborhood help among the older European population using representative data for 17 countries from the Survey of Health, Ageing and Retirement in Europe (SHARE). The analyses were based on 104,059 observations of 39,113 respondents aged 50 years and older. In general, ~6% of all respondents provided recently neighborhood help, and 4% received help. Moreover, the results indicate a high degree of reciprocity in giving and receiving neighborhood help. However, the situation varied widely among age groups and countries. Our multilevel results suggest that the provision and receipt of help are driven by personal characteristics (age, sex, education, income, and retirement), health resources (subjective health, activities of daily living, and instrumental activities of daily living), living situation (homeownership, location, and length of time in a residence), social factors (marital status, partner, parents, and children), and contextual factors (gross domestic product, social expenditures, poverty rate, Gini index, population density, country-centered satisfaction with life, living, and relationships).
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexander Seifert
- University Research Priority Program “Dynamics of Healthy Aging”, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
- Institute of Sociology, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Ronny König
- Institute of Sociology, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
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20
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Kemperman A, van den Berg P, Weijs-Perrée M, Uijtdewillegen K. Loneliness of Older Adults: Social Network and the Living Environment. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2019; 16:E406. [PMID: 30708985 PMCID: PMC6388289 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph16030406] [Citation(s) in RCA: 99] [Impact Index Per Article: 19.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2018] [Revised: 01/17/2019] [Accepted: 01/29/2019] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
The social participation and integration of older adults are important aspects of healthy aging. However, in general, older adults have smaller social networks than their younger counterparts due to changes in their life cycle stage, such as retirement or age-related losses, along with a declining health and increasing mobility limitations. Consequently, with increasing age, an increasing proportion of older people experience feelings of loneliness and social isolation. Previous studies that have analyzed the relationships between loneliness, social networks, and the living environment have often been based on bivariate relationships or included only a limited number of variables. Therefore, the aim of this study was to analyze multiple relationships in a more comprehensive framework. Data were collected using a survey among 182 adults aged 65 years and over in the Netherlands. A Bayesian belief network (BBN) modeling approach was used that derives all direct and indirect relationships between the variables. The results showed that feelings of loneliness are directly related to satisfaction with one's social network and neighborhood attachment and are indirectly related to perceived safety and satisfaction with local amenities and services. This knowledge is relevant to urban planners and policy makers who focus on creating livable and healthy social neighborhoods for the aging population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Astrid Kemperman
- Department of the Built Environment, Eindhoven University of Technology, 5600MB Eindhoven, The Netherlands.
| | - Pauline van den Berg
- Department of the Built Environment, Eindhoven University of Technology, 5600MB Eindhoven, The Netherlands.
| | - Minou Weijs-Perrée
- Department of the Built Environment, Eindhoven University of Technology, 5600MB Eindhoven, The Netherlands.
| | - Kevin Uijtdewillegen
- Department of the Built Environment, Eindhoven University of Technology, 5600MB Eindhoven, The Netherlands.
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21
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Ermer AE, Proulx CM. Associations Between Social Connectedness, Emotional Well-Being, and Self-Rated Health Among Older Adults: Difference by Relationship Status. Res Aging 2018; 41:336-361. [PMID: 30486747 DOI: 10.1177/0164027518815260] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
The present study investigates the association between social connectedness (i.e., social network characteristics, family and friend support, and social ties with neighbors), emotional well-being, and self-rated health and whether these associations differ based on respondents' relationship status among adults aged 62 and older. A series of multigroup generalized structural equation models (GSEMs) were conducted using data from the National Social, Health, and Aging Project. Social connectedness items were mostly positively associated with emotional well-being and self-rated health, and several of these associations are stronger for older adults who are unpartnered versus those who are cohabiting or married. Cohabiting and married individuals do not appear to have the same associations between social network size, friend support, and emotional well-being compared to unpartnered older adults. The present study lends support for how a variety of social supports are vital for older adults and their well-being.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ashley E Ermer
- 1 Department of Family Science and Human Development, Montclair State University, Montclair, NJ, USA
| | - Christine M Proulx
- 2 Department of Human Development and Family Science, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO, USA
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22
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Wanka A. Disengagement as Withdrawal From Public Space: Rethinking the Relation Between Place Attachment, Place Appropriation, and Identity-Building Among Older Adults. THE GERONTOLOGIST 2018; 58:130-139. [PMID: 28582564 DOI: 10.1093/geront/gnx081] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/08/2017] [Accepted: 05/04/2017] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Background and Objectives Empirical research indicates that engagement with public space decreases with age. Why do some older adults withdraw from the public, and which role does the (urban) environment play in spatial (dis-)engagement? Environmental gerontology's model of person-environment (PE) fit suggests an interrelation between agency and belonging and their causal effects on identity and wellbeing in later life. However, there is little research on how these dimensions are actually related. This study sets out to investigate this relationship and how PE can be better adapted for deprived neighborhoods. Research Design and Methods The study follows a qualitative case studies approach, focusing on a deprived neighborhood in Vienna, Austria. Nonparticipant observations were conducted at this site and complemented by 13 episodic interviews with older residents. Results The results challenge PE's model of interrelation between agency and belonging and their causal effects on identity, wellbeing, and autonomy in later life. Spatial agency in the deprived neighborhood was intense but so was spatial alienation and distancing oneself from one's neighborhood. Drawing on notions of territorial stigma, this might be a coping strategy to prevent one's self-identity from being "stained". Which strategy is being adopted by whom depends on the position and the trajectory in social and physical space. Discussion and Implications PE can be complemented with intersubjective measures of environmental conditions (e.g., stigma) and spatial engagement. Gerontology should proceed to consider not only the poor, disadvantaged, disengaged elderly, but also the rebellious, resisting, provocative new generation of older adults.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna Wanka
- Faculty of Education Sciences, Goethe University Frankfurt, Germany
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23
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Promises and pitfalls of integrating home-based health services into Shanghai's elder-care system. AGEING & SOCIETY 2018. [DOI: 10.1017/s0144686x18001095] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
AbstractFaced with the dramatic pace of population ageing, the Shanghai municipal government launched a pilot programme in 2013 designed to address this and to strengthen ageing-in-place arrangements by providing basic in-home medical services for residents above the age of 80. Yet after a two-year trial run, the ‘Home-Based Medical Care Scheme for the Oldest-Old’ (HBMCSOO) policy remained significantly under-utilised despite the increasing demand for medical services. Our multi-disciplinary research team of social workers and anthropologists identified two key factors impeding the implementation of home-based medical care services: (a) the distortion of policy implementation and (b) the inadequate professionalisation of community-based elder-care workers. Based on our evaluation of the pilot programme, the Shanghai municipal government made several practical adjustments to improve the subsequent city-wide policy implemented in 2016. While these changes mostly focused on minor adjustments to improve in-home medical services for the oldest-old, they represent an encouraging first step towards our call for a holistic integrated care system whose design and delivery takes into account local political and social contexts, including existing institutional infrastructure and cultural expectations about care-giving responsibilities. The challenges of implementing Shanghai's HBMCSOO policy ultimately provide instructive lessons on best practices for integrating medical and social services in order to improve ageing-in-place measures in diverse local settings around the world.
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24
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Weaver RH, Roberto KA. Home and Community-Based Service Use by Vulnerable Older Adults. THE GERONTOLOGIST 2018; 57:540-551. [PMID: 26608335 DOI: 10.1093/geront/gnv149] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/24/2015] [Accepted: 09/16/2015] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Purpose of the Study The purpose of this study was to identify different types of clients who use home and community-based services. Design and Methods Enrollment characteristics of 76 clients at risk of nursing home placement and Medicaid spend-down who were enrolled in the Virginia Community Living Program were analyzed. Two-step cluster analysis identified 4 groups of service users. Results Enabling resources (caregiver relationship to participant, participant living arrangement, and length of time caregiver provided assistance to participant) and disability type (physical, cognitive, traumatic brain injury, or other) differentiated the client groups. Groups differed on average service cost per day and likelihood of nursing home placement if services were not provided. Implications Findings point to the value of having practitioners assist vulnerable clients in tailoring services to meet different care needs and the need for refining policies guiding home and community-based care.
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Affiliation(s)
- Raven H Weaver
- Department of Human Development and Center for Gerontology, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg
| | - Karen A Roberto
- Center for Gerontology and The Institute for Society, Culture and Environment, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg
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25
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Kendig H, Gong CH, Cannon L, Browning C. Preferences and Predictors of Aging in Place: Longitudinal Evidence from Melbourne, Australia. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2017. [DOI: 10.1080/02763893.2017.1280582] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Hal Kendig
- Centre for Research on Ageing, Health and Wellbeing (CRAHW), Australian National University, Canberra, ACT, Australia
- ARC Centre of Excellence in Population Ageing Research (CEPAR), Canberra, ACT, Australia
| | - Cathy Honge Gong
- Centre for Research on Ageing, Health and Wellbeing (CRAHW), Australian National University, Canberra, ACT, Australia
- ARC Centre of Excellence in Population Ageing Research (CEPAR), Canberra, ACT, Australia
| | - Lisa Cannon
- Centre for Research on Ageing, Health and Wellbeing (CRAHW), Australian National University, Canberra, ACT, Australia
- ARC Centre of Excellence in Population Ageing Research (CEPAR), Canberra, ACT, Australia
| | - Colette Browning
- ARC Centre of Excellence in Population Ageing Research (CEPAR), Canberra, ACT, Australia
- RDNS Institute, School of Primary Health Care, Monash University, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
- International Institute for Primary Health Care Research, Shenzhen, China
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26
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Glass AP. Resident-Managed Elder Intentional Neighborhoods: Do They Promote Social Resources for Older Adults? JOURNAL OF GERONTOLOGICAL SOCIAL WORK 2016; 59:554-571. [PMID: 27749212 DOI: 10.1080/01634372.2016.1246501] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
Social isolation has serious negative public health impacts for older adults. Survey data were collected at three resident-managed elder intentional neighborhoods in the United States (n = 59), to determine if these neighborhoods, each based on the cohousing model, promote development of social resources for their residents. Social resources were measured on three dimensions: social networks, neighborly support, and satisfaction with the neighborhood community. Respondents were White, mean age of 73.3 (range = 63-91), primarily female (76.3%), and generally had high levels of education and self-reported health. Almost half (47%) were never married/divorced and 37% were childless. Inclusion of neighborhood ties ameliorated risk of social isolation. Satisfaction with support and a variety of neighboring behaviors were reported. These neighborhoods are meeting the needs of a potentially at-risk population as an avenue to promote social resources and reduce social isolation. The implications for gerontological social workers include a role in helping to mobilize and support these types of neighborhoods as a way to encourage mutual support among older adults. With the increase in the aging population, such models of proactive interdependence and communal coping have the potential to lessen or delay the demands that socially isolated elders place on social workers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anne P Glass
- a School of Health and Applied Human Sciences, College of Health and Human Services , University of North Carolina Wilmington , Wilmington , North Carolina , USA
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