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Yoo IJ, Park DH, Lee OE, Park A. Investigating Older Adults' Use of a Socially Assistive Robot via Time Series Clustering and User Profiling: Descriptive Analysis Study. JMIR Form Res 2024; 8:e41093. [PMID: 39298762 DOI: 10.2196/41093] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2022] [Revised: 04/13/2023] [Accepted: 07/11/2024] [Indexed: 09/22/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The aging population and the shortage of geriatric care workers are major global concerns. Socially assistive robots (SARs) have the potential to address these issues, but developing SARs for various types of users is still in its infancy. OBJECTIVE This study aims to examine the characteristics and use patterns of SARs. METHODS This study analyzed log data from 64 older adults who used a SAR called Hyodol for 60 days to understand use patterns and their relationship with user characteristics. Data on user interactions, robot-assisted content use, demographics, physical and mental health, and lifestyle were collected. Time series clustering was used to group users based on use patterns, followed by profiling analysis to relate these patterns to user characteristics. RESULTS Overall, 4 time series clusters were created based on use patterns: helpers, friends, short-term users, and long-term users. Time series and profiling analyses revealed distinct patterns for each group. We found that older adults use SARs differently based on factors beyond demographics and health. This study demonstrates a data-driven approach to understanding user needs, and the findings can help tailor SAR interventions for specific user groups. CONCLUSIONS This study extends our understanding of the factors associated with the long-term use of SARs for geriatric care and makes methodological contributions.
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Affiliation(s)
- In-Jin Yoo
- Graduate School of Business IT, Kookmin University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Do-Hyung Park
- Graduate School of Business IT, Kookmin University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Othelia EunKyoung Lee
- School of Social Work, University of North Carolina Charlotte, Charlotte, NC, United States
| | - Albert Park
- Department of Software and Information Systems, University of North Carolina at Charlotte, Charlotte, NC, United States
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Moyle W, Murfield J, Lion K. Therapeutic use of the humanoid robot, Telenoid, with older adults: A critical interpretive synthesis review. Assist Technol 2024; 36:388-395. [PMID: 35358024 DOI: 10.1080/10400435.2022.2060375] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 03/18/2022] [Indexed: 10/18/2022] Open
Abstract
This review sought to critically evaluate the use of the teleoperated humanoid robotic communications device, Telenoid, for therapeutic purposes with older adults, and identify and highlight key considerations for future research and clinical practice within gerontechnology. A critical interpretive synthesis was conducted, with nine electronic databases and online sources searched using the keyword "Telenoid." Studies were included in the review if they were: written in English; reported primary research; employed a qualitative, quantitative, or mixed-method design; and described or measured effects, experiences, or perceptions of using Telenoid for therapeutic purposes with older adults. Critical engagement with the studies identified key themes, as well as opportunities to advance future research. Ten studies involving Telenoid were identified, with eight focused on older adults living with dementia. Study findings centered around two themes: effects (including positive effects and negative reactions), and challenges and considerations (including technical issues, operator training, acceptability, and dosage). Although several issues currently challenge the use of Telenoid, available studies show some therapeutic potential of using Telenoid with older adults, including those living with dementia, particularly for communication and mood. Higher-quality studies are required to advance understanding, and considerations for the field are outlined to aid development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wendy Moyle
- Menzies Health Institute Queensland, Griffith University, Brisbane, Australia
- School of Nursing & Midwifery, Griffith University, Brisbane, Australia
- Australian Aged Care Technologies Collaborative, Griffith University, Brisbane, Australia
| | - Jenny Murfield
- Menzies Health Institute Queensland, Griffith University, Brisbane, Australia
- School of Nursing & Midwifery, Griffith University, Brisbane, Australia
- Australian Aged Care Technologies Collaborative, Griffith University, Brisbane, Australia
| | - Katarzyna Lion
- Menzies Health Institute Queensland, Griffith University, Brisbane, Australia
- Australian Aged Care Technologies Collaborative, Griffith University, Brisbane, Australia
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Doyle DM, Link BG. On social health: history, conceptualization, and population patterning. Health Psychol Rev 2024; 18:619-648. [PMID: 38349646 PMCID: PMC11332409 DOI: 10.1080/17437199.2024.2314506] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2023] [Accepted: 01/31/2024] [Indexed: 08/20/2024]
Abstract
We propose a psychologically-informed concept of social health to join physical and mental components in a more comprehensive assessment of human health. Although there is an extensive literature on the importance of social relationships to health, a theoretical framework is needed to coalesce this work into a codified conceptualisation of social health, defined here as adequate quantity and quality of relationships in a particular context to meet an individual's need for meaningful human connection. Informing this novel conceptualisation, we outline eight key propositions to guide future research and theory on social health, including five propositions focused on the conceptualisation of social health and three focused on its population patterning. The former five propositions include that social health is an outcome in its own right, that health interventions can have divergent effects on social versus physical and mental aspects of health, that social health has independent effects on quality of life, that it is a dynamic and contextual construct, and that it is embedded and encoded in the human body (and mind). The utility of the social health concept is further revealed in its significance for understanding and addressing population health concerns, such as health inequalities experienced by marginalised groups.
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Affiliation(s)
- David Matthew Doyle
- Department of Medical Psychology, Amsterdam University Medical Centers, Location VUmc, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Bruce G. Link
- School of Public Policy and Department of Sociology, University of California, Riverside, CA, US
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Charness N. Promoting Effective Use of Technology to Support Post-Acute and Long-Term Care Facilities. J Am Med Dir Assoc 2024; 25:105131. [PMID: 39218513 DOI: 10.1016/j.jamda.2024.105131] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/06/2024] [Accepted: 06/06/2024] [Indexed: 09/04/2024]
Affiliation(s)
- Neil Charness
- Psychology Department, Florida State University, Tallahassee, FL, USA.
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Chen SC, Lin MF, Jones C, Chang WH, Lin SH, Chien CO, Hsu CF, Qiu HY, Moyle W. Effect of a Group-Based Personal Assistive RObot (PARO) Robot Intervention on Cognitive Function, Autonomic Nervous System Function, and Mental Well-being in Older Adults with Mild Dementia: A Randomized Controlled Trial. J Am Med Dir Assoc 2024; 25:105228. [PMID: 39182512 DOI: 10.1016/j.jamda.2024.105228] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2024] [Revised: 07/21/2024] [Accepted: 07/22/2024] [Indexed: 08/27/2024]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Personal Assistive RObot (PARO) interventions have been used to treat agitation and mood symptoms of dementia effectively. However, the effects of a PARO intervention on physiological and cognitive function are unclear. To examine the effects of a group-based PARO intervention for older adults with mild dementia. DESIGN Using a group-based PARO intervention randomized controlled trial with 2-arm parallel groups. SETTING AND PARTICIPANTS Older adults with mild dementia aged 65 years or older from 4 dementia day care centers were recruited. METHODS Physiological parameters were assessed using the finger tapping test (FTT) and heart rate variability (HRV). The Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE), Geriatric Depression Scale-Short Form (GDS-SF), University of California Los Angeles loneliness scale-version 3 (UCLA-3), and Warwick-Edinburgh Mental Well-being Scale (WEMWBS) were assessed before the intervention, end of the intervention, and 1-month after the intervention. RESULTS Using a repeated-measures generalized linear model, significant time × group interactions were found in the MMSE [F(2, 115) = 19.54, P < .001], FTT [F(2, 115) = 4.87, P = .01], HRV high-frequency [F(2, 115) = 3.57, P = .03], and high-frequency/low-frequency ratio [F(2, 115) = 0.96, P = .01], UCLA-3 [F(2, 115) = 54.7, P < .001], GDS-SF [F(2, 115) = 3.36, P = .04], and WEMWBS [F(2, 115) = 5.93, P < .001]. Furthermore, psychological parameters improved significantly and continuously even 1 month after the PARO intervention was finished. Physiological parameters significantly improved at week 6, but the effects had diminished by week 10. CONCLUSIONS AND IMPLICATIONS A PARO intervention may effectively improve the physiological and psychological responses of people with mild dementia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shu-Chuan Chen
- Department of Nursing, National Tainan Junior College of Nursing, Tainan, Taiwan
| | - Mei-Feng Lin
- Department of Nursing, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan
| | - Cindy Jones
- Faculty of Health Sciences & Medicine, Bond University, Gold Coast, Queensland, Australia; Menzies Health Institute Queensland, Griffith University, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia
| | - Wei Hung Chang
- Department of Psychiatry, National Cheng Kung University Hospital, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan; Department of Psychiatry, National Cheng Kung University Hospital, Dou-Liou Branch, Yunlin, Taiwan.
| | - Shih-Hsien Lin
- Department of Psychiatry, National Cheng Kung University Hospital, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan; Clinical Medicine Research Center, National Cheng Kung University Hospital, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan; Department of Psychiatry, Institute of Behavioral Medicine, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan
| | - Chun-O Chien
- Department of Nursing, National Cheng Kung University Hospital, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan
| | - Chia-Feng Hsu
- Department of Nursing, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan
| | - Hong-Yu Qiu
- Department of Nursing, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan
| | - Wendy Moyle
- Menzies Health Institute Queensland, Griffith University, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia; School of Nursing and Midwifery, Griffith University, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia
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Patil U, Braun KL. Interventions for loneliness in older adults: a systematic review of reviews. Front Public Health 2024; 12:1427605. [PMID: 39091527 PMCID: PMC11291379 DOI: 10.3389/fpubh.2024.1427605] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2024] [Accepted: 07/05/2024] [Indexed: 08/04/2024] Open
Abstract
Loneliness in older persons is a major risk factor for adverse health outcomes. Before the COVID-19 pandemic led to unprecedented isolation and hampered programs aimed at preventing or reducing loneliness, many interventions were developed and evaluated. However, previous reviews provide limited or conflicting summaries of intervention effectiveness. This systematic review aimed to assess previous review quality and bias, as well as to summarize key findings into an overarching narrative on intervention efficacy. The authors searched nine electronic databases and indices to identify systematic reviews of interventions to reduce loneliness in older people prior to the COVID-19 pandemic; 6,925 records were found initially. Of these, 19 reviews met inclusion criteria; these encompassed 101 unique primary intervention studies that varied in research design, sample size, intervention setting, and measures of loneliness across 21 nations. While 42% of reviews had minimal risk of bias, only 8% of primary studies appraised similarly. Among the 101 unique articles reviewed, 63% of tested interventions were deemed by article author(s) as effective or partially effective. Generally, interventions that included animals, psychological therapies, and skill-building activities were more successful than interventions focused on social facilitation or health promotion. However, interventions that targeted multiple objectives aimed at reducing loneliness (e.g., improving social skills, enhancing social support, increasing social opportunities, and changing maladaptive social cognition) were more effective than single-objective interventions. Future programs should incorporate multiple approaches, and these interventions should be rigorously tested.
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Affiliation(s)
- Uday Patil
- Office of Public Health Studies, Thompson School of Social Work & Public Health, University of Hawaiʻi at Mānoa, Honolulu, HI, United States
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Sha S, Loveys K, Qualter P, Shi H, Krpan D, Galizzi M. Efficacy of relational agents for loneliness across age groups: a systematic review and meta-analysis. BMC Public Health 2024; 24:1802. [PMID: 38971769 PMCID: PMC11227208 DOI: 10.1186/s12889-024-19153-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2023] [Accepted: 06/14/2024] [Indexed: 07/08/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Loneliness is a serious public health concern. Although previous interventions have had some success in mitigating loneliness, the field is in search of novel, more effective, and more scalable solutions. Here, we focus on "relational agents", a form of software agents that are increasingly powered by artificial intelligence and large language models (LLMs). We report on a systematic review and meta-analysis to investigate the impact of relational agents on loneliness across age groups. METHODS In this systematic review and meta-analysis, we searched 11 databases including Ovid MEDLINE and Embase from inception to Sep 16, 2022. We included randomised controlled trials and non-randomised studies of interventions published in English across all age groups. These loneliness interventions, typically attempt to improve social skills, social support, social interaction, and maladaptive cognitions. Peer-reviewed journal articles, books, book chapters, Master's and PhD theses, or conference papers were eligible for inclusion. Two reviewers independently screened studies, extracted data, and assessed risk of bias via the RoB 2 and ROBINS-I tools. We calculated pooled estimates of Hedge's g in a random-effects meta-analysis and conducted sensitivity and sub-group analyses. We evaluated publication bias via funnel plots, Egger's test, and a trim-and-fill algorithm. FINDINGS Our search identified 3,935 records of which 14 met eligibility criteria and were included in our meta-analysis. Included studies comprised 286 participants with individual study sample sizes ranging from 4 to 42 participants (x̄ = 20.43, s = 11.58, x̃ = 20). We used a Bonferroni correction with αBonferroni = 0.05 / 4 = 0.0125 and applied Knapp-Hartung adjustments. Relational agents reduced loneliness significantly at an adjusted αBonferroni (g = -0.552; 95% Knapp-Hartung CI, -0.877 to -0.226; P = 0.003), which corresponds to a moderate reduction in loneliness. CONCLUSION Our results are currently the most comprehensive of their kind and provide promising evidence for the efficacy of relational agents. Relational agents are a promising technology that can alleviate loneliness in a scalable way and that can be a meaningful complement to other approaches. The advent of LLMs should boost their efficacy, and further research is needed to explore the optimal design and use of relational agents. Future research could also address shortcomings of current results, such as small sample sizes and high risk of bias. Particularly young audiences have been overlooked in past research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sia Sha
- Department of Psychological and Behavioural Science, LSE, London, UK.
| | - Kate Loveys
- Department of Psychological Medicine, The University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand
| | - Pamela Qualter
- Manchester Institute of Education, University of Manchester, Manchester, UK
| | - Haoran Shi
- Department of Psychological and Behavioural Science, LSE, London, UK
| | - Dario Krpan
- Department of Psychological and Behavioural Science, LSE, London, UK
| | - Matteo Galizzi
- Department of Psychological and Behavioural Science, LSE, London, UK
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Patel M, Mantri N, Joshi N, Jain Y, Goel AD, Gupta M, Srinivasan S, Yadav V, Joshi V, Singh K, Bhardwaj P. Is anxiety a public health problem among older adults in India: Results from a systematic review and meta-analysis. J Family Med Prim Care 2024; 13:2545-2554. [PMID: 39071033 PMCID: PMC11272018 DOI: 10.4103/jfmpc.jfmpc_1664_23] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/10/2023] [Revised: 12/27/2023] [Accepted: 12/28/2023] [Indexed: 07/30/2024] Open
Abstract
For medical fraternity, health system and policymakers to undertake effective countermeasures, a comprehensive assessment of the prevalence of anxiety among older adults is required; hence, we conducted a systematic review and meta-analysis using data pooled from surveys across the country. The search strategy was developed using medical subject headings (MeSH) terms and free-text keywords. We searched PubMed and Scopus for articles to report the prevalence of anxiety among older adults. The appraisal tool for cross-sectional studies was used for quality assessment. Prevalence from different studies was pooled together using the inverse variance heterogeneity method. Sensitivity analyses were performed to assess the impact of included studies' methodological quality on pooled results and to investigate potential causes of heterogeneity. Twenty-three studies were included in this systematic review. The overall pooled estimate of the prevalence of anxiety in older adults was 18.7% (95% CI: 2.4, 38.8). The studies had a high degree of heterogeneity. Publication bias was assessed using a Doi plot which showed an luis furuya-kanamori (LFK) index of 1.21 indicating minor asymmetry. Like other parts of the world, India has witnessed a rise in the number of elderly due to lower fertility rates, higher life expectancies and a shift in illness patterns from communicable to non-communicable. The number of elderly people suffering from diseases of mental health is expected to rise dramatically. This review consolidates the existing evidence to showcase anxiety as an upcoming public health problem requiring due focus from policymakers and health systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mamta Patel
- School of Public Health, AIIMS, Jodhpur, Rajasthan, India
| | - Neha Mantri
- School of Public Health, AIIMS, Jodhpur, Rajasthan, India
| | - Nitin Joshi
- School of Public Health, AIIMS, Jodhpur, Rajasthan, India
| | - Yogesh Jain
- School of Public Health, AIIMS, Jodhpur, Rajasthan, India
| | - Akhil Dhanesh Goel
- Department of Community Medicine and Family Medicine, AIIMS, Jodhpur, Rajasthan, India
| | - Manoj Gupta
- Department of Community Medicine and Family Medicine, AIIMS, Jodhpur, Rajasthan, India
| | - Srikanth Srinivasan
- Department of Community Medicine and Family Medicine, AIIMS, Jodhpur, Rajasthan, India
| | - Vikas Yadav
- Environmental Health and Epidemiology, ICMR, Bhopal, Madhya Pradesh, India
| | - Vibha Joshi
- School of Public Health, AIIMS, Jodhpur, Rajasthan, India
| | - Kuldeep Singh
- Department of Pediatrics, AIIMS, Jodhpur, Rajasthan, India
| | - Pankaj Bhardwaj
- Department of Community Medicine and Family Medicine, AIIMS, Jodhpur, Rajasthan, India
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Yen HY, Huang CW, Chiu HL, Jin G. The Effect of Social Robots on Depression and Loneliness for Older Residents in Long-Term Care Facilities: A Meta-Analysis of Randomized Controlled Trials. J Am Med Dir Assoc 2024; 25:104979. [PMID: 38614134 DOI: 10.1016/j.jamda.2024.02.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/23/2023] [Revised: 02/28/2024] [Accepted: 02/29/2024] [Indexed: 04/15/2024]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Depression and loneliness are challenges facing older residents living in long-term care facilities. Social robots might be a solution as nonpharmacologic interventions. The purpose of this study was to explore the effects of concrete forms of social robots on depression and loneliness in older residents in long-term care facilities by a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials. DESIGN This is a systematic review and meta-analysis. SETTING AND PARTICIPANTS Older residents in long-term care facilities. METHODS Six electronic databases of PubMed, Embase, Scopus, Web of Science, MEDLINE, and CINAHL plus were searched in August 2023. Random effect models of meta-analyses, subgroup analyses, and meta-regressions were performed for statistical analyses. RESULTS After evaluation, 8 studies were selected for both qualitative and quantitative synthesis. Social robot interventions had significant positive effects on decreasing depression and loneliness with large effect sizes. Group-based robot activities had a better effect on improving depression than individual-based robot activities. Longer durations of interventions produced significantly more improvement in depression. CONCLUSION AND IMPLICATION Social robots with physical manifestation provide the opportunity for older adults' social engagement and interactions with robots and others. Social robot interventions are recommended for older residents in long-term care facilities to promote psychosocial well-being in daily care routines.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hsin-Yen Yen
- School of Gerontology and Long-Term Care, College of Nursing, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan; International PhD Program in Gerontology and Long-Term Care, College of Nursing, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Chih Wei Huang
- International Center for Health Information Technology, College of Medical Science and Technology, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Huei-Ling Chiu
- School of Gerontology and Long-Term Care, College of Nursing, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan; International PhD Program in Gerontology and Long-Term Care, College of Nursing, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan.
| | - Grace Jin
- Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA
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Irfan B, Kuoppamäki S, Skantze G. Recommendations for designing conversational companion robots with older adults through foundation models. Front Robot AI 2024; 11:1363713. [PMID: 38860032 PMCID: PMC11163135 DOI: 10.3389/frobt.2024.1363713] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/31/2023] [Accepted: 05/07/2024] [Indexed: 06/12/2024] Open
Abstract
Companion robots are aimed to mitigate loneliness and social isolation among older adults by providing social and emotional support in their everyday lives. However, older adults' expectations of conversational companionship might substantially differ from what current technologies can achieve, as well as from other age groups like young adults. Thus, it is crucial to involve older adults in the development of conversational companion robots to ensure that these devices align with their unique expectations and experiences. The recent advancement in foundation models, such as large language models, has taken a significant stride toward fulfilling those expectations, in contrast to the prior literature that relied on humans controlling robots (i.e., Wizard of Oz) or limited rule-based architectures that are not feasible to apply in the daily lives of older adults. Consequently, we conducted a participatory design (co-design) study with 28 older adults, demonstrating a companion robot using a large language model (LLM), and design scenarios that represent situations from everyday life. The thematic analysis of the discussions around these scenarios shows that older adults expect a conversational companion robot to engage in conversation actively in isolation and passively in social settings, remember previous conversations and personalize, protect privacy and provide control over learned data, give information and daily reminders, foster social skills and connections, and express empathy and emotions. Based on these findings, this article provides actionable recommendations for designing conversational companion robots for older adults with foundation models, such as LLMs and vision-language models, which can also be applied to conversational robots in other domains.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bahar Irfan
- Division of Speech, Music and Hearing, KTH Royal Institute of Technology, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Sanna Kuoppamäki
- Division of Health Informatics and Logistics, KTH Royal Institute of Technology, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Gabriel Skantze
- Division of Speech, Music and Hearing, KTH Royal Institute of Technology, Stockholm, Sweden
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Shekelle PG, Miake-Lye IM, Begashaw MM, Booth MS, Myers B, Lowery N, Shrank WH. Interventions to Reduce Loneliness in Community-Living Older Adults: a Systematic Review and Meta-analysis. J Gen Intern Med 2024; 39:1015-1028. [PMID: 38200279 PMCID: PMC11074098 DOI: 10.1007/s11606-023-08517-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/27/2023] [Accepted: 10/26/2023] [Indexed: 01/12/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The problem of loneliness has garnered increased attention from policymakers, payors, and providers due to higher rates during the pandemic, particularly among seniors. Prior systematic reviews have in general not been able to reach conclusions about effectiveness of interventions. METHODS Computerized databases were searched using broad terms such as "loneliness" or "lonely" or "social isolation" or "social support" from Jan 1, 2011 to June 23, 2021. We reference mined existing systematic reviews for additional and older studies. The Social Interventions Research & Evaluation Network database and Google were searched for gray literature on Feb 4, 2022. Eligible studies were RCTs and observational studies of interventions to reduce loneliness in community-living adults that used a validated loneliness scale; studies from low- or middle-income countries were excluded, and studies were excluded if restricted to populations where all persons had the same disease (such as loneliness in persons with dementia). RESULTS A total of 5971 titles were reviewed and 60 studies were included in the analysis, 36 RCTs and 24 observational studies. Eleven RCTs and 5 observational studies provided moderate certainty evidence that group-based treatment was associated with reduced loneliness (standardized mean difference for RCTs = - 0.27, 95% CI - 0.48, - 0.08). Five RCTs and 5 observational studies provided moderate certainty evidence that internet training was associated with reduced loneliness (standardized mean difference for RCTs = - 0.22, 95% CI - 0.30, - 0.14). Low certainty evidence suggested that group exercises may be associated with very small reductions in loneliness. Evidence was insufficient to reach conclusions about group-based activities, individual in-person interactions, internet-delivered interventions, and telephone-delivered interventions. DISCUSSION Low-to-moderate certainty evidence exists that group-based treatments, internet training, and possibly group exercises are associated with modest reductions in loneliness in community-living older adults. These findings can inform the design of supplemental benefits and the implementation of evidence-based interventions to address loneliness. SYSTEMATIC REVIEW REGISTRATION NUMBER PROSPERO ( CRD42021272305 ).
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Affiliation(s)
- Paul G Shekelle
- Greater Los Angeles Veterans Affairs Healthcare System, Los Angeles, CA, USA.
- Division of General Internal Medicine & Health Services Research, Department of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA.
- General Internal Medicine 111G, West Los Angeles VA Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA, USA.
| | - Isomi M Miake-Lye
- Greater Los Angeles Veterans Affairs Healthcare System, Los Angeles, CA, USA
- Fielding School of Public Health, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Meron M Begashaw
- Greater Los Angeles Veterans Affairs Healthcare System, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Marika S Booth
- RAND Corporation, Southern California Evidence-Based Practice Center, Santa Monica, CA, USA
| | - Bethany Myers
- Louise M. Darling Biomedical Library, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA
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Nichol B, McCready J, Erfani G, Comparcini D, Simonetti V, Cicolini G, Mikkonen K, Yamakawa M, Tomietto M. Exploring the impact of socially assistive robots on health and wellbeing across the lifespan: An umbrella review and meta-analysis. Int J Nurs Stud 2024; 153:104730. [PMID: 38430662 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijnurstu.2024.104730] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2023] [Revised: 02/14/2024] [Accepted: 02/15/2024] [Indexed: 03/05/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Socially assistive robots offer an alternate source of connection for interventions within health and social care amidst a landscape of technological advancement and reduced staff capacity. There is a need to summarise the available systematic reviews on the health and wellbeing impacts to evaluate effectiveness, explore potential moderators and mediators, and identify recommendations for future research and practice. OBJECTIVE To explore the effect of socially assistive robots within health and social care on psychosocial, behavioural, and physiological health and wellbeing outcomes across the lifespan (PROSPERO registration number: CRD42023423862). DESIGN An umbrella review utilising meta-analysis, narrative synthesis, and vote counting by direction of effect. METHODS 14 databases were searched (ProQuest Health Research Premium collection, Scopus, PubMed, Web of Science, ASM Digital Library, IEEE Xplore, Cochrane Reviews, and EPISTEMONIKOS) from 2005 to May 4, 2023. Systematic reviews including the effects of socially assistive robots on health outcomes were included and a pooled meta-analysis, vote counting by direction of effect, and narrative synthesis were applied. The second version of A MeaSurement Tool to Assess systematic Reviews (AMSTAR-2) was applied to assess quality of included reviews. RESULTS 35 reviews were identified, most focusing on older adults with or without dementia (n = 24). Pooled meta-analysis indicated no effect of socially assistive robots on quality of life (standard mean difference (SMD) = 0.43), anxiety (SMD = -0.02), or depression (SMD = 0.21), although vote counting identified significant improvements in social interaction, mood, positive affect, loneliness, stress, and pain across the lifespan, and narrative synthesis identified an improvement in anxiety in children. However, some reviews reported no significant difference between the effects of socially assistive robots and a plush toy, and there was no effect of socially assistive robots on psychiatric outcomes including agitation, neuropsychiatric symptoms, and medication use. DISCUSSION Socially assistive robots show promise for improving non-psychiatric outcomes such as loneliness, positive affect, stress, and pain, but exert no effect on psychiatric outcomes such as depression and agitation. The main mechanism of effect within group settings appeared to be the stimulation of social interaction with other humans. Limitations include the low quality and high amount of overlap between included reviews. CONCLUSION Socially assistive robots may help to improve loneliness, social interaction, and positive affect in older adults, decrease anxiety and distress in children, and improve mood, stress, and reduce pain across the lifespan. However, before recommendations for socially assistive robots can be made, a cost-effectiveness analysis of socially assistive robots to improve mood across the lifespan, and a quantitative analysis of the effects on pain, anxiety, and distress in children are required.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bethany Nichol
- Department of Social Work, Education and Community Wellbeing, Faculty of Health and Life Sciences, Northumbria University, Newcastle upon Tyne, United Kingdom.
| | - Jemma McCready
- Department of Social Work, Education and Community Wellbeing, Faculty of Health and Life Sciences, Northumbria University, Newcastle upon Tyne, United Kingdom.
| | - Goran Erfani
- Department of Nursing, Midwifery and Health, Faculty of Health and Life Sciences, Northumbria University, Newcastle upon Tyne, United Kingdom.
| | - Dania Comparcini
- Section of Nursing, Department of Precision and Regenerative Medicine and Ionian Area, University of Bari "Aldo Moro", Bari, Italy.
| | | | - Giancarlo Cicolini
- Section of Nursing, Department of Precision and Regenerative Medicine and Ionian Area, University of Bari "Aldo Moro", Bari, Italy.
| | - Kristina Mikkonen
- Research Unit of Health Science and Technology, University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland; Medical Research Center Oulu, Oulu University Hospital and University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland.
| | - Miyae Yamakawa
- Division of Health Sciences, Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka University, Suita City, Japan.
| | - Marco Tomietto
- Department of Nursing, Midwifery and Health, Faculty of Health and Life Sciences, Northumbria University, Newcastle upon Tyne, United Kingdom; Research Unit of Health Science and Technology, University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland.
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Misaghian K, Lugo JE, Faubert J. Immediate fall prevention: the missing key to a comprehensive solution for falling hazard in older adults. Front Aging Neurosci 2024; 16:1348712. [PMID: 38638191 PMCID: PMC11024377 DOI: 10.3389/fnagi.2024.1348712] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/03/2023] [Accepted: 03/18/2024] [Indexed: 04/20/2024] Open
Abstract
The world is witnessing an unprecedented demographic shift due to increased life expectancy and declining birth rates. By 2050, 20% of the global population will be over 60, presenting significant challenges like a shortage of caregivers, maintaining health and independence, and funding extended retirement. The technology that caters to the needs of older adults and their caregivers is the most promising candidate to tackle these issues. Although multiple companies and startups offer various aging solutions, preventive technology, which could prevent trauma, is not a big part of it. Trauma is the leading cause of morbidity, disability, and mortality in older adults, and statistics constitute traumatic fall accidents as its leading cause. Therefore, an immediate preventive technology that anticipates an accident on time and prevents it must be the first response to this hazard category to decrease the gap between life expectancy and the health/wellness expectancy of older adults. The article outlines the challenges of the upcoming aging crisis and introduces falls as one major challenge. After that, falls and their mechanisms are investigated, highlighting the cognitive functions and their relation to falls. Moreover, since understanding predictive cognitive mechanisms is critical to an effective prediction-interception design, they are discussed in more detail, signifying the role of cognitive decline in balance maintenance. Furthermore, the landscape of available solutions for falling and its shortcomings is inspected. Finally, immediate fall prevention, the missing part of a wholesome solution, and its barriers are introduced, and some promising methodologies are proposed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Khashayar Misaghian
- Sage-Sentinel Smart Solutions, Kunigami-gun, Okinawa, Japan
- OIST Innovation, Okinawa Institute of Science and Technology Graduate University, Onna, Okinawa, Japan
- Faubert Lab, School of Optometry, Université de Montréal, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - Jesus Eduardo Lugo
- Sage-Sentinel Smart Solutions, Kunigami-gun, Okinawa, Japan
- Faubert Lab, School of Optometry, Université de Montréal, Montreal, QC, Canada
- Facultad de Ciencias Físico Matemáticas, Benemérita Universidad Autónoma de Puebla, Puebla, Mexico
| | - Jocelyn Faubert
- Sage-Sentinel Smart Solutions, Kunigami-gun, Okinawa, Japan
- Faubert Lab, School of Optometry, Université de Montréal, Montreal, QC, Canada
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Bodenstein K, Diep D, Gruber J, Varga P, Mehta G, Memarpour M, Klil-Drori S, Bukari S, Launay C, Rej S, Sekhon H. myHealthHub for older adult inpatients to reduce loneliness, and improve patient engagement and mental health: protocol of a pilot randomized controlled trial. Aging Ment Health 2024; 28:646-651. [PMID: 37830771 DOI: 10.1080/13607863.2023.2265841] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/03/2022] [Accepted: 09/27/2023] [Indexed: 10/14/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Older Canadian adults make up 85% of hospital stays which are associated with increased loneliness, stress, anxiety, and/or depression. There is a need for novel approaches to reduce loneliness and mental health outcomes in older adult hospital inpatients to prevent further strain on an already overwhelmed healthcare system. METHODS This is a pilot randomized controlled trial (RCT) exploring the efficacy of a bedside multimodal interaction system, myHealthHub, on loneliness, quality of life (QOL), patient engagement, and other mental health outcomes compared to an active control group in older adult inpatients (n = 60) from baseline to 5-days. Qualitative analyses will be conducted through semi-structured interviews with older adults (n = 8-10) and hospital staff, nurses, and clinicians (n = 4-5) facilitating the service to evaluate patient engagement and experience with myHealthHub. RESULTS Not applicable. CONCLUSION This novel pilot clinical trial will obtain preliminary data on the efficacy of myHealthHub in reducing loneliness, QOL, patient engagement, and mental health outcomes in older adult inpatients. If successful, this could provide a potential means to improve patient experience in hospitals and reduce the burden and additional expense on the healthcare system.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katie Bodenstein
- Department of Psychiatry, Jewish General Hospital/Lady Davis Institute, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - Danny Diep
- Department of Psychiatry, Jewish General Hospital/Lady Davis Institute, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - Johanna Gruber
- Department of Psychiatry, Jewish General Hospital/Lady Davis Institute, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - Peter Varga
- Healthhub Patient Engagement Solutions, ON, Canada
| | | | | | - Sivan Klil-Drori
- Department of Psychiatry, Jewish General Hospital/Lady Davis Institute, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - Syeda Bukari
- Department of Psychiatry, Jewish General Hospital/Lady Davis Institute, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - Cyrille Launay
- Division of Geriatric Medicine, Jewish General Hospital, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - Soham Rej
- Department of Psychiatry, Jewish General Hospital/Lady Davis Institute, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - Harmehr Sekhon
- Department of Psychiatry, Jewish General Hospital/Lady Davis Institute, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada
- Division of Geriatric Psychiatry, McLean Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
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15
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Koh WQ, Heins P, Flynn A, Mahmoudi Asl A, Garcia L, Malinowsky C, Brorsson A. Bridging gaps in the design and implementation of socially assistive technologies for dementia care: the role of occupational therapy. Disabil Rehabil Assist Technol 2024; 19:595-603. [PMID: 35972877 DOI: 10.1080/17483107.2022.2111610] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/25/2022] [Revised: 07/06/2022] [Accepted: 08/05/2022] [Indexed: 10/15/2022]
Abstract
Dementia is a global health challenge, and people living with dementia (PLWD) are especially susceptible to reduced engagement in meaningful occupations, including social participation. In the past few decades, socially assistive technologies continue to be developed amidst a rapidly evolving technological landscape to support the social health of PLWD and their caregivers. Examples include social robots, virtual reality, smart home technology, and various digital technologies, such as mobile applications for tablets and smartphones. Despite an increasing body of research and interest in this field, several gaps relating to the design and implementation process of socially assistive technologies continue to undermine their relevance for PLWD in daily life. In this paper, some of these gaps are highlighted and the role of occupational therapy in the design and implementation of socially assistive technology is presented. In the design process, occupational therapists are uniquely skilled to advise and advocate for the tailoring and personalisation of technology to address the occupational needs of PLWD. In the implementation of socially assistive technologies, occupational therapists are skilled to educate, train, and conduct ongoing evaluations with PLWD and their caregivers, to incorporate socially assistive technologies into their routine and daily lives. We recommend that occupational therapists should continue to be acquainted with such technologies through continuous professional development and educational curricula. Moreover, we highlight the necessary collaboration between occupational therapists, technology developers, and researchers to enhance the process of designing and implementing socially assistive technology, so that their relevance for PLWD and their caregivers can be maximised.Implications for rehabilitationDevelopers and designers of socially assistive technology should consider the disease trajectory of different types of dementia, as well as the different needs, abilities, preferences, occupations and routines of people living with dementia (PLWD) and/or their caregivers.Collaborations between technology developers, researchers, and occupational therapists should take place iteratively throughout the process of designing and implementing socially assistive technology to maximise their relevance and applicability for people living with dementia and their caregivers.To continue enhancing the current role of occupational therapy in socially assistive technology provision, occupational therapists should keep up to date with socially assistive technology that are being developed to support the social health of PLWD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei Qi Koh
- School of Nursing and Midwifery, College of Nursing, Medicine and Health Sciences, National University of Ireland Galway, Galway, Ireland
| | - Pascale Heins
- Department of Psychiatry and Neuropsychology, Maastricht University, Maastricht, The Netherlands
| | | | - Aysan Mahmoudi Asl
- Biomedical Research Institute of Salamanca, University of Salamanca, Salamanca, Spain
| | - Lesley Garcia
- Department of Mental Health and Clinical Neurosciences, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, UK
| | - Camilla Malinowsky
- Department of Neurobiology, Care Sciences and Society (NVS), Huddinge, Sweden
| | - Anna Brorsson
- Department of Neurobiology, Care Sciences and Society (NVS), Huddinge, Sweden
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16
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Madi M, Nielsen S, Schweitzer M, Siebert M, Körner D, Langensiepen S, Stephan A, Meyer G. Acceptance of a robotic system for nursing care: a cross-sectional survey with professional nurses, care recipients and relatives. BMC Nurs 2024; 23:179. [PMID: 38486244 PMCID: PMC10938668 DOI: 10.1186/s12912-024-01849-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2023] [Accepted: 03/05/2024] [Indexed: 03/18/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The end-users' acceptance is a core concept in the development, implementation and evaluation of new systems like robotic systems in daily nursing practice. So far, studies have shown various findings concerning the acceptance of systems that are intended to assist people with support or care needs. Not much has been reported on the acceptance of robots that provide direct physical assistance to nurses in bedside care. Therefore, this study aimed to investigate the acceptance along with ethical implications of the prototype of an assistive robotic arm aiming to support nurses in bedside care, from the perspective of nurses, care recipients and their relatives. METHODS A cross-sectional survey design was applied at an early stage in the technological development of the system. Professional nurses, care recipients and relatives were recruited from a university hospital and a nursing home in Germany. The questionnaire was handed out following either a video or a live demonstration of the lab prototype and a subsequent one-to-one follow-up discussion. Data analysis was performed descriptively. RESULTS A total of 67 participants took part in the study. The rejection of specified ethical concerns across all the respondents was 77%. For items related to both perceived usefulness and intention to use, 75% of ratings across all the respondents were positive. In the follow-up discussions, the participants showed interest and openness toward the prototype, although there were varying opinions on aspects such as size, appearance, velocity, and potential impact on workload. CONCLUSIONS Regarding the current state of development, the acceptance among the participants was high, and ethical concerns were relatively minor. Moving forward, it would be beneficial to explore the acceptance in further developmental stages of the system, particularly when the usability is tested.
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Affiliation(s)
- Murielle Madi
- Institute of Health and Nursing Science, Medical Faculty, Martin Luther University Halle-Wittenberg, Magdeburger Straße 8, 06112, Halle (Saale), Germany.
- Department of Nursing Science, Uniklinik RWTH Aachen, Pauwelsstraße 30, 52074, Aachen, Germany.
| | - Svenja Nielsen
- Institute of Health and Nursing Science, Medical Faculty, Martin Luther University Halle-Wittenberg, Magdeburger Straße 8, 06112, Halle (Saale), Germany.
| | - Mona Schweitzer
- Institute of Health and Nursing Science, Medical Faculty, Martin Luther University Halle-Wittenberg, Magdeburger Straße 8, 06112, Halle (Saale), Germany
| | - Maximilian Siebert
- Institute of Applied Medical Engineering, Uniklinik RWTH Aachen, Pauwelsstraße 30, 52074, Aachen, Germany
| | - Daniel Körner
- Institute of Applied Medical Engineering, Uniklinik RWTH Aachen, Pauwelsstraße 30, 52074, Aachen, Germany
| | - Sina Langensiepen
- Department of Nursing Science, Uniklinik RWTH Aachen, Pauwelsstraße 30, 52074, Aachen, Germany
| | - Astrid Stephan
- Department of Nursing Science, Uniklinik RWTH Aachen, Pauwelsstraße 30, 52074, Aachen, Germany
| | - Gabriele Meyer
- Institute of Health and Nursing Science, Medical Faculty, Martin Luther University Halle-Wittenberg, Magdeburger Straße 8, 06112, Halle (Saale), Germany
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17
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Schramek R, Engler S. [Learning interactions with socio-technical systems : A geragogical perspective on the importance of interactions and relationships in learning processes with older people]. Z Gerontol Geriatr 2024; 57:103-109. [PMID: 38270606 PMCID: PMC10914862 DOI: 10.1007/s00391-023-02274-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/03/2023] [Accepted: 12/14/2023] [Indexed: 01/26/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The approach of socio-technical systems (STS) for a successful life in old age focuses on the combination of technical and sociocultural factors in one. Technological systems have long since ceased to be limited to simple functions; instead, they enable customizable applications, interactive use combined with complex communication and action strands. The associated interactions with the technical system suggest a perspective on interactions and relationships. OBJECTIVE Research results show that individualizable functions of STSs are rated positively in terms of acceptance and use by older people. From a geragogical perspective, questions arise regarding the appropriation of older people and the design of learning processes (socio-technical learning arrangements). MATERIAL AND METHODS A relational view of learning and educational processes relating to the appropriation and acquisition of competences for designing and using STS in real-world situations is developed based on a formative qualitative research design of the "RUBYDemenz" project. In particular, data/results from interviews with voluntary learning facilitators, professional practice facilitators, focus groups and research workshops are utilized. RESULTS AND DISCUSSION Empirical findings can be used to develop starting points for educational and learning processes to expand competences in the context of technology use. Approaches to education, training and further training follow on from this as does the question of whether the research/development process itself must be designed as a learning process in which all participants are involved as learners, with the aim of achieving the best possible fit between the technical solutions and the intended areas of application in real-world situations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Renate Schramek
- Hochschule für Gesundheit Bochum Gesundheitscampus 6, 44801, Bochum, Deutschland.
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18
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Pérez-Zuñiga G, Arce D, Gibaja S, Alvites M, Cano C, Bustamante M, Horna I, Paredes R, Cuellar F. Qhali: A Humanoid Robot for Assisting in Mental Health Treatment. SENSORS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2024; 24:1321. [PMID: 38400478 PMCID: PMC10891936 DOI: 10.3390/s24041321] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/27/2023] [Revised: 02/13/2024] [Accepted: 02/13/2024] [Indexed: 02/25/2024]
Abstract
In recent years, social assistive robots have gained significant acceptance in healthcare settings, particularly for tasks such as patient care and monitoring. This paper offers a comprehensive overview of the expressive humanoid robot, Qhali, with a focus on its industrial design, essential components, and validation in a controlled environment. The industrial design phase encompasses research, ideation, design, manufacturing, and implementation. Subsequently, the mechatronic system is detailed, covering sensing, actuation, control, energy, and software interface. Qhali's capabilities include autonomous execution of routines for mental health promotion and psychological testing. The software platform enables therapist-directed interventions, allowing the robot to convey emotional gestures through joint and head movements and simulate various facial expressions for more engaging interactions. Finally, with the robot fully operational, an initial behavioral experiment was conducted to validate Qhali's capability to deliver telepsychological interventions. The findings from this preliminary study indicate that participants reported enhancements in their emotional well-being, along with positive outcomes in their perception of the psychological intervention conducted with the humanoid robot.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gustavo Pérez-Zuñiga
- Engineering Department, Pontificia Universidad Católica del Perú, San Miguel, Lima 15088, Peru; (M.A.); (M.B.); (I.H.); (F.C.)
| | - Diego Arce
- Engineering Department, Pontificia Universidad Católica del Perú, San Miguel, Lima 15088, Peru; (M.A.); (M.B.); (I.H.); (F.C.)
| | - Sareli Gibaja
- Department of Psychology, Pontificia Universidad Catolica del Peru, San Miguel, Lima 15088, Peru; (S.G.); (R.P.)
| | - Marcelo Alvites
- Engineering Department, Pontificia Universidad Católica del Perú, San Miguel, Lima 15088, Peru; (M.A.); (M.B.); (I.H.); (F.C.)
| | - Consuelo Cano
- Department of Art and Design, Pontificia Universidad Catolica del Peru, San Miguel, Lima 15088, Peru;
| | - Marlene Bustamante
- Engineering Department, Pontificia Universidad Católica del Perú, San Miguel, Lima 15088, Peru; (M.A.); (M.B.); (I.H.); (F.C.)
| | - Ingrid Horna
- Engineering Department, Pontificia Universidad Católica del Perú, San Miguel, Lima 15088, Peru; (M.A.); (M.B.); (I.H.); (F.C.)
| | - Renato Paredes
- Department of Psychology, Pontificia Universidad Catolica del Peru, San Miguel, Lima 15088, Peru; (S.G.); (R.P.)
| | - Francisco Cuellar
- Engineering Department, Pontificia Universidad Católica del Perú, San Miguel, Lima 15088, Peru; (M.A.); (M.B.); (I.H.); (F.C.)
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19
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Luo C, Yuan R, Mao B, Liu Q, Wang W, He Y. Technology Acceptance of Socially Assistive Robots Among Older Adults and the Factors Influencing It: A Meta-Analysis. J Appl Gerontol 2024; 43:115-128. [PMID: 37750859 DOI: 10.1177/07334648231202669] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/27/2023] Open
Abstract
The purpose of this study was to deeply understand older adults' acceptance of socially assistive robots and their influencing factors and to compare the strength of the correlation between each influencing factor variable and the acceptance. The literature search was performed in five databases from their inception to January 17, 2023. The meta-analysis was performed using Review Manager 5.4 and Stata 16.0 software. Thirteen papers were included in this study. The mean value of acceptability after using the inverse variance method was 3.68. Education level is strongly related to technology acceptance; perceived ease of use, perceived usefulness, technology experience, technology attitude, perceived hedonism, and convenience are moderately related; anxiety is only weakly related.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chuhong Luo
- School of Medicine, Hunan Normal University, Changsha, China
| | - Rong Yuan
- School of Medicine, Hunan Normal University, Changsha, China
| | - Bin Mao
- School of Medicine, Hunan Normal University, Changsha, China
| | - Qian Liu
- School of Medicine, Hunan Normal University, Changsha, China
| | - Weihong Wang
- School of Medicine, Hunan Normal University, Changsha, China
| | - Ying He
- School of Medicine, Hunan Normal University, Changsha, China
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20
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Bouchard K, Liu PP, Dautenhahn K, Fiedorowicz JG, Afrin J, Dans M, McGuinty C, Tulloch H. Cardiology professionals' views of social robots in augmenting heart failure patient care. EUROPEAN HEART JOURNAL. DIGITAL HEALTH 2024; 5:69-76. [PMID: 38264699 PMCID: PMC10802821 DOI: 10.1093/ehjdh/ztad067] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/11/2023] [Revised: 09/14/2023] [Accepted: 10/11/2023] [Indexed: 01/25/2024]
Abstract
Aims Social robots are arriving to the modern healthcare system. Whether patients with heart failure, a prevalent chronic disease with high health and human costs would derive benefit from a social robot intervention has not been investigated empirically. Diverse healthcare provider's perspectives are needed to develop an acceptable and feasible social robot intervention to be adopted for the clinical benefit of patients with heart failure. Using a qualitative research design, this study investigated healthcare providers' perspectives of social robot use in heart failure patient care. Methods and results Interdisciplinary healthcare providers from a tertiary care cardiac hospital completed a structured individual interview and a supplemental questionnaire. The framework method was used to analyse the qualitative data. Respondents (n = 22; saturation was reached with this sample; 77% female; 52% physicians) were open to using social robots to augment their practice, particularly with collecting pertinent data and providing patient and family education and self-management prompts, but with limited responsibility for direct patient care. Prior to implementation, providers required robust evidence of: value-added beyond current remote patient monitoring devices, patient and healthcare provider partnerships, streamlined integration into existing practice, and capability of supporting precision medicine goals. Respondents were concerned that social robots did not address and masked broader systemic issues of healthcare access and equity. Conclusion The adoption of social robots is a viable option to assist in the care of patients with heart failure, albeit in a restricted capacity. The results inform the development of a social robotic intervention for patients with heart failure, including improving social robot efficiencies and increasing their uptake, while protecting patients' and providers' best interest.
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Affiliation(s)
- Karen Bouchard
- University of Ottawa Heart Institute, 40 Ruskin Street, Ottawa, K1Y 4W7 ON, Canada
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Ottawa, 75 Laurier Ave E., Ottawa, K1N 6N5 ON, Canada
| | - Peter P Liu
- University of Ottawa Heart Institute, 40 Ruskin Street, Ottawa, K1Y 4W7 ON, Canada
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Ottawa, 75 Laurier Ave E., Ottawa, K1N 6N5 ON, Canada
| | - Kerstin Dautenhahn
- Faculty of Engineering, University of Waterloo, 200 University Ave W., Waterloo, N2L 3G1 ON, Canada
| | - Jess G Fiedorowicz
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Ottawa, 75 Laurier Ave E., Ottawa, K1N 6N5 ON, Canada
- Department of Mental Health, The Ottawa Hospital/Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, 501 Smyth Rd, Ottawa, K1H 8L6 ON, Canada
| | - Jenifar Afrin
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Ottawa, 75 Laurier Ave E., Ottawa, K1N 6N5 ON, Canada
| | - Michael Dans
- University of Ottawa Heart Institute, 40 Ruskin Street, Ottawa, K1Y 4W7 ON, Canada
| | - Caroline McGuinty
- University of Ottawa Heart Institute, 40 Ruskin Street, Ottawa, K1Y 4W7 ON, Canada
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Ottawa, 75 Laurier Ave E., Ottawa, K1N 6N5 ON, Canada
| | - Heather Tulloch
- University of Ottawa Heart Institute, 40 Ruskin Street, Ottawa, K1Y 4W7 ON, Canada
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Ottawa, 75 Laurier Ave E., Ottawa, K1N 6N5 ON, Canada
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21
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Tanner A, Urech A, Schulze H, Manser T. Older Adults' Engagement and Mood During Robot-Assisted Group Activities in Nursing Homes: Development and Observational Pilot Study. JMIR Rehabil Assist Technol 2023; 10:e48031. [PMID: 38145484 PMCID: PMC10775040 DOI: 10.2196/48031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/01/2023] [Revised: 10/23/2023] [Accepted: 11/15/2023] [Indexed: 12/26/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Promoting the well-being of older adults in an aging society requires new solutions. One resource might be the use of social robots for group activities that promote physical and cognitive stimulation. Engaging in a robot-assisted group activity may help in the slowdown of physical and cognitive decline in older adults. Currently, our knowledge is limited on whether older adults engage in group activities with humanlike social robots and whether they experience a positive affect while doing so. Both are necessary preconditions to achieve the intended effects of a group activity. OBJECTIVE Our pilot study has 2 aims. First, we aimed to develop and pilot an observational coding scheme for robot-assisted group activities because self-report data on engagement and mood of nursing home residents are often difficult to obtain, and the existing observation instruments do have limitations. Second, we aimed to investigate older adults' engagement and mood during robot-assisted group activities in 4 different nursing care homes in the German-speaking part of Switzerland. METHODS We developed an observation system, inspired by existing tools, for a structured observation of engagement and mood of older adults during a robot-assisted group activity. In this study, 85 older adult residents from 4 different care homes in Switzerland participated in 5 robot-assisted group activity sessions, and they were observed using our developed system. The data were collected in the form of video clips that were assessed by 2 raters regarding engagement (direction of gaze, posture as well as body expression, and activity) and mood (positive and negative affects). Both variables were rated on a 5-point rating scale. RESULTS Our pilot study findings show that the engagement and mood of older adults can be assessed reliably by using the proposed observational coding scheme. Most participants actively engaged in robot-assisted group activities (mean 4.19, SD 0.47; median 4.0). The variables used to measure engagement were direction of gaze (mean 4.65, SD 0.49; median 5.0), posture and body expression (mean 4.03, SD 0.71; median 4.0), and activity (mean 3.90, SD 0.65; median 4.0). Further, we observed mainly positive affects in this group. Almost no negative affect was observed (mean 1.13, SD 0.20; median 1.0), while the positive affect (mean 3.22, SD 0.55; median 3.2) was high. CONCLUSIONS The developed observational coding system can be used and further developed in future studies on robot-assisted group activities in the nursing home context and potentially in other settings. Additionally, our pilot study indicates that cognitive and physical stimulation of older adults can be promoted by social robots in a group setting. This finding encourages future technological development and improvement of social robots and points to the potential of observational research to systematically evaluate such developments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexandra Tanner
- School of Applied Psychology, University of Applied Sciences and Arts Northwestern Switzerland, Olten, Switzerland
- City of Bern (Digital Stadt Bern), Bern, Switzerland
| | - Andreas Urech
- School of Applied Psychology, University of Applied Sciences and Arts Northwestern Switzerland, Olten, Switzerland
| | - Hartmut Schulze
- School of Applied Psychology, University of Applied Sciences and Arts Northwestern Switzerland, Olten, Switzerland
| | - Tanja Manser
- School of Applied Psychology, University of Applied Sciences and Arts Northwestern Switzerland, Olten, Switzerland
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Amabili G, Maranesi E, Margaritini A, Benadduci M, Barbarossa F, Casaccia S, Nap HH, Bevilacqua R. Usability and Feasibility Assessment of a Social Assistive Robot for the Older People: Results from the GUARDIAN Project. Bioengineering (Basel) 2023; 11:20. [PMID: 38247896 PMCID: PMC10813054 DOI: 10.3390/bioengineering11010020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/20/2023] [Revised: 12/20/2023] [Accepted: 12/22/2023] [Indexed: 01/23/2024] Open
Abstract
In Italy, many people aged over 65 cannot live independently, causing an overall decrease in their quality of life and a need for social and health care. Due to the lack of both formal and informal caregivers, technological solutions become of paramount importance in this scenario. This article describes the user-centered development of the GUARDIAN ecosystem, consisting of a social robot integrated with two mobile applications which aim to monitor, coach, and keep the older user company in order to prolong his/her independence at home. In particular, the advancements from the alpha to the beta prototype of the ecosystem are described, achieved through the feedback collected from 41 end users-older people and their carers-that have tested the system for 6 weeks. By enhancing human-robot interaction, a positive improvement in terms of usability and acceptability of the system was retrieved. However, to increase the perceived usefulness and the impact on older users' lives, it is necessary to make the entire system more customizable, and more capable in providing support for daily activities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giulio Amabili
- IRCCS INRCA Scientific Direction, 60124 Ancona, Italy; (G.A.); (A.M.); (M.B.); (F.B.); (R.B.)
| | - Elvira Maranesi
- IRCCS INRCA Scientific Direction, 60124 Ancona, Italy; (G.A.); (A.M.); (M.B.); (F.B.); (R.B.)
| | - Arianna Margaritini
- IRCCS INRCA Scientific Direction, 60124 Ancona, Italy; (G.A.); (A.M.); (M.B.); (F.B.); (R.B.)
| | - Marco Benadduci
- IRCCS INRCA Scientific Direction, 60124 Ancona, Italy; (G.A.); (A.M.); (M.B.); (F.B.); (R.B.)
| | - Federico Barbarossa
- IRCCS INRCA Scientific Direction, 60124 Ancona, Italy; (G.A.); (A.M.); (M.B.); (F.B.); (R.B.)
| | - Sara Casaccia
- Department of Industrial Engineering, Università Politecnica delle Marche, 60121 Ancona, Italy;
| | - Henk Herman Nap
- National Expertise Centre Long-Term Care, Vilans, 3527 GV Utrecht, The Netherlands;
| | - Roberta Bevilacqua
- IRCCS INRCA Scientific Direction, 60124 Ancona, Italy; (G.A.); (A.M.); (M.B.); (F.B.); (R.B.)
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23
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Brookman R, Parker S, Hoon L, Ono A, Fukayama A, Matsukawa H, Harris CB. Technology for dementia care: what would good technology look like and do, from carers' perspectives? BMC Geriatr 2023; 23:867. [PMID: 38104074 PMCID: PMC10725604 DOI: 10.1186/s12877-023-04530-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/03/2023] [Accepted: 11/29/2023] [Indexed: 12/19/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The development of technology in dementia care has largely been without consultation with carers, and has primarily focused on safety, monitoring devices, and supporting activities of daily living. Further, while involving end-users in the design of technology has been recommended, this is yet to become common practice. METHOD We conducted a mixed methods study with the aim of investigating carers' values and priorities for technology development, including prior experiences, barriers to use, and what they would like technology to do. Importantly, we asked carers for their design ideas and bespoke technology solutions for future development. RESULTS Carers of people living with dementia (N = 127), including both unpaid (n = 102) and paid carers (n = 25) residing in Australia, completed an online survey. In addition, a subsample of carers (n = 23) participated in semi-structured interviews. Findings demonstrate that carers want technology to be person-centred, customisable, and to increase opportunities for meaningful social connection. Findings also demonstrate the ability of carers to generate creative design solutions for dementia care. CONCLUSIONS These findings and implications will be discussed in relation to the importance of co-design with carers and engineers during the design phase of assistive technology. Also, the importance of technology to enhance, not replace, human-to-human social interactions is highlighted.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ruth Brookman
- MARCS Institute for Brain, Behaviour and Development, Western Sydney University, Penrith, NSW, Australia.
| | | | | | - Asuka Ono
- Nippon Telegraph and Telephone (NTT), Tokyo, Japan
| | | | | | - Celia B Harris
- MARCS Institute for Brain, Behaviour and Development, Western Sydney University, Penrith, NSW, Australia
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24
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Welch V, Ghogomu ET, Barbeau VI, Dowling S, Doyle R, Beveridge E, Boulton E, Desai P, Huang J, Elmestekawy N, Hussain T, Wadhwani A, Boutin S, Haitas N, Kneale D, Salzwedel DM, Simard R, Hébert P, Mikton C. Digital interventions to reduce social isolation and loneliness in older adults: An evidence and gap map. CAMPBELL SYSTEMATIC REVIEWS 2023; 19:e1369. [PMID: 38024780 PMCID: PMC10681039 DOI: 10.1002/cl2.1369] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/01/2023]
Abstract
Background Social isolation and loneliness are more common in older adults and are associated with a serious impact on their well-being, mental health, physical health, and longevity. They are a public health concern highlighted by the COVID-19 pandemic restrictions, hence the need for digital technology tools to enable remotely delivered interventions to alleviate the impact of social isolation and loneliness during the COVID-19 restrictions. Objectives To map available evidence on the effects of digital interventions to mitigate social isolation and/or loneliness in older adults in all settings except hospital settings. Search Methods We searched the following databases from inception to May 16, 2021, with no language restrictions. Ovid MEDLINE, Embase, APA PsycInfo via Ovid, CINAHL via EBSCO, Web of Science via Clarivate, ProQuest (all databases), International Bibliography of the Social Sciences (IBSS) via ProQuest, EBSCO (all databases except CINAHL), Global Index Medicus, and Epistemonikos. Selection Criteria Titles and abstracts and full text of potentially eligible articles were independently screened in duplicate following the eligibility criteria. Data Collection and Analysis We developed and pilot tested a data extraction code set in Eppi-Reviewer and data were individually extracted and coded based on an intervention-outcome framework which was also used to define the dimensions of the evidence and gap map. Main Results We included 200 articles (103 primary studies and 97 systematic reviews) that assessed the effects of digital interventions to reduce social isolation and/or loneliness in older adults. Most of the systematic reviews (72%) were classified as critically low quality, only 2% as high quality and 25% were published since the COVID-19 pandemic. The evidence is unevenly distributed with clusters predominantly in high-income countries and none in low-income countries. The most common interventions identified are digital interventions to enhance social interactions with family and friends and the community via videoconferencing and telephone calls. Digital interventions to enhance social support, particularly socially assistive robots, and virtual pets were also common. Most interventions focused on reducing loneliness and depression and improving quality of life of older adults. Major gaps were identified in community level outcomes and process indicators. No included studies or reviews assessed affordability or digital divide although the value of accessibility and barriers caused by digital divide were discussed in three primary studies and three reviews. Adverse effects were reported in only two studies and six reviews. No study or review included participants from the LGBTQIA2S+ community and only one study restricted participants to 80 years and older. Very few described how at-risk populations were recruited or conducted any equity analysis to assess differences in effects for populations experiencing inequities across PROGRESS-Plus categories. Authors' Conclusions The restrictions placed on people during the pandemic have shone a spotlight onto social isolation and loneliness, particularly for older adults. This evidence and gap map shows available evidence on the effectiveness of digital interventions for reducing social isolation or loneliness in older adults. Although the evidence is relatively large and recent, it is unevenly distributed and there is need for more high-quality research. This map can guide researchers and funders to consider areas of major gaps as priorities for further research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vivian Welch
- Methods Centre, Bruyère Research InstituteOttawaOntarioCanada
| | | | | | - Sierra Dowling
- Methods Centre, Bruyère Research InstituteOttawaOntarioCanada
| | | | - Ella Beveridge
- Methods Centre, Bruyère Research InstituteOttawaOntarioCanada
| | - Elisabeth Boulton
- School of Health Sciences, Division of Nursing, Midwifery and Social WorkUniversity of ManchesterManchesterUK
| | - Payaam Desai
- Methods Centre, Bruyère Research InstituteOttawaOntarioCanada
| | - Jimmy Huang
- Methods Centre, Bruyère Research InstituteOttawaOntarioCanada
| | | | | | - Arpana Wadhwani
- Methods Centre, Bruyère Research InstituteOttawaOntarioCanada
| | | | | | - Dylan Kneale
- Social Science Research Unit, EPPI‐Centre, UCL Institute of EducationUniversity College LondonLondonUK
| | - Douglas M. Salzwedel
- Department of Anesthesiology, Pharmacology and TherapeuticsUniversity of British ColumbiaVancouverBritish ColumbiaCanada
| | | | - Paul Hébert
- Bruyère Research InstituteUniversity of OttawaOttawaOntarioCanada
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Zaidan AM. The leading global health challenges in the artificial intelligence era. Front Public Health 2023; 11:1328918. [PMID: 38089037 PMCID: PMC10711066 DOI: 10.3389/fpubh.2023.1328918] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2023] [Accepted: 11/13/2023] [Indexed: 12/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Millions of people's health is at risk because of several factors and multiple overlapping crises, all of which hit the vulnerable the most. These challenges are dynamic and evolve in response to emerging health challenges and concerns, which need effective collaboration among countries working toward achieving Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) and securing global health. Mental Health, the Impact of climate change, cardiovascular diseases (CVDs), diabetes, Infectious diseases, health system, and population aging are examples of challenges known to pose a vast burden worldwide. We are at a point known as the "digital revolution," characterized by the expansion of artificial intelligence (AI) and a fusion of technology types. AI has emerged as a powerful tool for addressing various health challenges, and the last ten years have been influential due to the rapid expansion in the production and accessibility of health-related data. The computational models and algorithms can understand complicated health and medical data to perform various functions and deep-learning strategies. This narrative mini-review summarizes the most current AI applications to address the leading global health challenges. Harnessing its capabilities can ultimately mitigate the Impact of these challenges and revolutionize the field. It has the ability to strengthen global health through personalized health care and improved preparedness and response to future challenges. However, ethical and legal concerns about individual or community privacy and autonomy must be addressed for effective implementation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amal Mousa Zaidan
- King Saud bin Abdulaziz University for Health Sciences, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
- King Abdullah International Medical Research Center (KAIMRC), Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
- Ministry of National Guard Health Affairs, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
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Zhou YL, Chen CL, Chang SJ, Wu BS. Home-Based Intelligent Exercise System for Seniors' Healthcare: The Example of Golf Croquet. Sports (Basel) 2023; 11:207. [PMID: 37999424 PMCID: PMC10674598 DOI: 10.3390/sports11110207] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/13/2023] [Revised: 09/14/2023] [Accepted: 10/24/2023] [Indexed: 11/25/2023] Open
Abstract
In 2020, the world experienced the threat of the COVID-19 epidemic, and seniors and chronic disease patients generally reduced their exercise and social activities to avoid increasing the risk of infection, which could lead to increased loneliness and even many diseases. Combining golf croquet games with a mobile application (App) and AIoT companion robots, this research constructs a home-based intelligent exercise system, uses the technology acceptance model (TAM), deduces users' intention to use this system based on perceived usefulness and perceived ease of use, and adds the needs of love and belonging, esteem, cognitive, aesthetic, and self-actualization in Maslow's hierarchy of needs theory (HNT) to conduct an analysis of system needs. This study collected empirical data, totaling 320 participants including seniors and their caregivers, from elderly care centers in northern Taiwan using a cross-sectional survey and purposive sampling. Based on regression and variance analysis, the results show that participants have a high level of acceptance of this system, believing that it is easy to learn and operate and can increase interaction with others, improve self-confirmation, satisfy the thirst for knowledge, increase the feeling of happiness, and fulfill self-actualization needs. In the future, by collecting and recording the process of seniors using the App, so as to find out their health problems as soon as possible, expand their daily life through this exercise, and achieve the goal of happy living and better healthcare.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu-Li Zhou
- Taiwan Economy and Industry Association, Taipei 100008, Taiwan;
| | - Chia-Li Chen
- Department of Information Management, Lunghwa University of Science and Technology, Taoyuan 333326, Taiwan; (C.-L.C.); (B.-S.W.)
| | - Shih-Jui Chang
- Center for Professional Competency Certification, Lunghwa University of Science and Technology, Taoyuan 333326, Taiwan
| | - Bo-Sheng Wu
- Department of Information Management, Lunghwa University of Science and Technology, Taoyuan 333326, Taiwan; (C.-L.C.); (B.-S.W.)
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27
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Randall N, Kamino W, Joshi S, Chen WC, Hsu LJ, Tsui KM, Šabanović S. Understanding the Connection Among Ikigai, Well-Being, and Home Robot Acceptance in Japanese Older Adults: Mixed Methods Study. JMIR Aging 2023; 6:e45442. [PMID: 37792460 PMCID: PMC10585446 DOI: 10.2196/45442] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/31/2022] [Revised: 05/18/2023] [Accepted: 06/13/2023] [Indexed: 10/05/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Ikigai (meaning or purpose in life) is a concept understood by most older adults in Japan. The term has also garnered international attention, with recent academic attempts to map it to concepts in the Western well-being literature. In addition, efforts to use social and home robots to increase well-being have grown; however, they have mostly focused on hedonic well-being (eg, increasing happiness and decreasing loneliness) rather than eudaimonic well-being (eg, fostering meaning or purpose in life). OBJECTIVE First, we explored how Japanese older adults experience ikigai and relate these to concepts in the Western well-being literature. Second, we investigated how a home robot meant to promote ikigai is perceived by older adults. METHODS We used a mixed methods research design-including 20 interviews with older adults, a survey of 50 older adults, and 10 interviews with family caregivers. For interviews, we asked questions about older adults' sources of ikigai, happiness, and social support, along with their perception of the robot (QT). For surveys, a number of well-being scales were used, including 2 ikigai scales-ikigai-9 and K-1-and 6 Patient-Reported Outcomes Measurement Information System scales, measuring meaning and purpose, positive affect, satisfaction with participation in social roles, satisfaction with participation in discretionary social activities, companionship, and emotional support. Questions related to the perception and desired adoption of the robot and older adults' health status were also included. RESULTS Our results suggest that health is older adults' most common source of ikigai. Additionally, although self-rated health correlated moderately with ikigai and other well-being measures, reported physical limitation did not. As opposed to social roles (work and family), we found that ikigai is more strongly related to satisfaction with discretionary social activities (leisure, hobbies, and friends) for older adults. Moreover, we found that older adults' sources of ikigai included the eudaimonic aspects of vitality, positive relations with others, contribution, accomplishment, purpose, and personal growth, with the first 3 being most common, and the hedonic aspects of positive affect, life satisfaction, and lack of negative affect, with the first 2 being most common. However, the concept of ikigai was most related to eudaimonic well-being, specifically meaning in life, along the dimension of significance. Finally, we found that Japanese older adults have high expectations of a home robot for well-being, mentioning that it should support them in a multitude of ways before they would likely adopt it. However, we report that those with the highest levels of meaning, and satisfaction with their leisure life and friendships, may be most likely to adopt it. CONCLUSIONS We outline several ways to improve the robot to increase its acceptance, such as improving its voice, adding functional features, and designing it to support multiple aspects of well-being.
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Affiliation(s)
- Natasha Randall
- Luddy School of Informatics, Computing, and Engineering, Indiana University, Bloomington, IN, United States
| | - Waki Kamino
- Luddy School of Informatics, Computing, and Engineering, Indiana University, Bloomington, IN, United States
| | - Swapna Joshi
- Luddy School of Informatics, Computing, and Engineering, Indiana University, Bloomington, IN, United States
| | - Wei-Chu Chen
- Luddy School of Informatics, Computing, and Engineering, Indiana University, Bloomington, IN, United States
| | - Long-Jing Hsu
- Luddy School of Informatics, Computing, and Engineering, Indiana University, Bloomington, IN, United States
| | - Katherine M Tsui
- Robotics User Experience and Industrial Design, Toyota Research Institute, Cambridge, MA, United States
| | - Selma Šabanović
- Luddy School of Informatics, Computing, and Engineering, Indiana University, Bloomington, IN, United States
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Budak KB, Atefi G, Hoel V, Laporte Uribe F, Meiland F, Teupen S, Felding SA, Roes M. Can technology impact loneliness in dementia? A scoping review on the role of assistive technologies in delivering psychosocial interventions in long-term care. Disabil Rehabil Assist Technol 2023; 18:1107-1119. [PMID: 34752177 DOI: 10.1080/17483107.2021.1984594] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/05/2021] [Accepted: 09/17/2021] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE We aimed to identify assistive technologies that are promising for addressing loneliness in people living with dementia in long-term care. MATERIALS AND METHODS A scoping review was conducted. EBSCO, PubMed, Cochrane Library, and ProQuest were searched from 2000 to 2020. The included studies were selected by three independent researchers and summarised, compared, and categorized according to technology type. Publications were eligible for inclusion when they reported on psychosocial interventions aiming to reduce loneliness and/or social isolation in people with dementia in long-term care settings. RESULTS Twenty-four papers were included (20 original research papers and four reviews). Most studies were conducted in Australia and Europe. The studies aimed to investigate two different types of assistive technology: social robots, and multimedia computer systems. Most studies focussed on behaviour, engagement, and mood as primary outcomes. Only one study directly aimed to alleviate loneliness. CONCLUSIONS Even though only one study addressed loneliness directly, it became clear that assistive technologies used to apply psychosocial interventions have the potential to impact loneliness in people with dementia in long-term care. However, it remains unclear why loneliness was not included as an outcome and how loneliness could become a key outcome in evaluating assistive technologies.IMPLICATIONS FOR REHABILITATIONLoneliness among older adults is associated with health risks, such as the development of dementia, depression, and increased mortality.Ambient Assisted Living (AAL) technologies have been studied to address loneliness for older adults; however people with dementia are often excluded from such studies.This diverse group of technologies is shown to have a promising impact on outcomes, such as social engagement, quality of life, and mood, but loneliness was studied less often.More research is needed to discover the potential of assistive technologies for people with dementia living in long-term care.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kübra Beliz Budak
- Deutsches Zentrum für Neurodegenerative Erkrankungen e.V. (DZNE) site Witten, Witten, Germany
- Department of Nursing Science, Faculty of Health, University of Witten/Herdecke, Witten, Germany
| | - Golnaz Atefi
- Department of Psychiatry and Neuropsychology/Alzheimer Centre Limburg, School of Mental Health and Neuroscience, Maastricht University, Maastricht, The Netherlands
| | - Viktoria Hoel
- Institute for Public Health and Nursing Science, University of Bremen, Bremen, Germany
| | - Franziska Laporte Uribe
- Deutsches Zentrum für Neurodegenerative Erkrankungen e.V. (DZNE) site Witten, Witten, Germany
- Department of Nursing Science, Faculty of Health, University of Witten/Herdecke, Witten, Germany
| | - Franka Meiland
- Deutsches Zentrum für Neurodegenerative Erkrankungen e.V. (DZNE) site Witten, Witten, Germany
- Department of Medicine for Older People Amsterdam UMC, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Sonja Teupen
- Deutsches Zentrum für Neurodegenerative Erkrankungen e.V. (DZNE) site Witten, Witten, Germany
- Department of Nursing Science, Faculty of Health, University of Witten/Herdecke, Witten, Germany
| | - Simone Anna Felding
- Deutsches Zentrum für Neurodegenerative Erkrankungen e.V. (DZNE) site Witten, Witten, Germany
- Department of Nursing Science, Faculty of Health, University of Witten/Herdecke, Witten, Germany
| | - Martina Roes
- Deutsches Zentrum für Neurodegenerative Erkrankungen e.V. (DZNE) site Witten, Witten, Germany
- Department of Nursing Science, Faculty of Health, University of Witten/Herdecke, Witten, Germany
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Rashid NLA, Leow Y, Klainin-Yobas P, Itoh S, Wu VX. The effectiveness of a therapeutic robot, 'Paro', on behavioural and psychological symptoms, medication use, total sleep time and sociability in older adults with dementia: A systematic review and meta-analysis. Int J Nurs Stud 2023; 145:104530. [PMID: 37348392 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijnurstu.2023.104530] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/11/2022] [Revised: 05/15/2023] [Accepted: 05/15/2023] [Indexed: 06/24/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To evaluate the effectiveness of a therapeutic robot, 'Paro', on anxiety, agitation, depression, apathy, medication use, total sleep time, and sociability among older adults with dementia. DESIGN Systematic review and meta-analysis with narrative synthesis. SETTING AND PARTICIPANTS Older adults aged 60 years and above with any form of dementia in the community, nursing homes, or care facilities. METHODS A three-step search strategy was conducted by two independent reviewers. Nine databases were searched (January 2003 to November 2022). Randomised controlled, crossover, and cluster trials on Paro for older adults with dementia published in English were included. All relevant trials were screened and assessed for risk of bias. Data were extracted using the Cochrane data collection form. The Grading of Recommendations, Assessment, Development, and Evaluation (GRADE) was used to assess the quality of evidence. RESULTS In total, 12 articles involving 1461 participants were included. Results of the meta-analysis showed that Paro had a moderate effect on medication use (SMD: -0.63) and small effect on anxiety (SMD: -0.17), agitation (SMD: -0.27) and depression (SMD: -0.40). However, Paro exhibited negligible effect on total sleep time (SMD: -0.12). The overall quality of evidence for all outcomes were graded as low due to methodological limitations, small sample size, and wide confidence intervals. Narrative synthesis suggested that Paro reduced apathy and increase sociability. CONCLUSION AND IMPLICATIONS Paro could be a beneficial non-pharmacological approach to improve behavioural and psychological symptoms of dementia, reducing medication use, and increasing sociability for older adults with dementia. However, the results should be interpreted with caution as limited studies were available. Additionally, there were a variety of approaches across the studies (i.e. group and individual interventions, facilitated and non-facilitated) which made it difficult to determine which interventional approach is optimal to produce beneficial effects of Paro. Hence, more rigorous studies with a larger sample size are needed to fully understand the mechanism and effectiveness of Paro in older adults with dementia. The protocol was registered on PROSPERO (CRD42022296504).
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Affiliation(s)
- Nur Lidiya Abdul Rashid
- Major Operating Theatre Department, Woodlands Health, 2 Yishun Central 2, Tower E, Level 5, Yishun Community Hospital, Singapore 768024, Singapore.
| | - Yihong Leow
- Emergency Medicine, Woodlands Health, 2 Yishun Central 2, Tower E, Level 5, Yishun Community Hospital, Singapore 768024, Singapore.
| | - Piyanee Klainin-Yobas
- Alice Lee Centre for Nursing Studies, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Level 2, Clinical Research Centre, Block MD 11, 10 Medical Drive, Singapore 117597, Singapore.
| | - Sakiko Itoh
- Department of Home Health and Palliative Care Nursing, Graduate School of Health Care Sciences, Tokyo Medical and Dental University (TMDU), 1-5-45 Yushima, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-8519, Japan.
| | - Vivien Xi Wu
- Alice Lee Centre for Nursing Studies, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Level 2, Clinical Research Centre, Block MD 11, 10 Medical Drive, Singapore 117597, Singapore; NUSMED Healthy Longevity Translational Research Programme, National University of Singapore, 28 Medical Drive, Singapore 117456, Singapore.
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30
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Wilson CM, Boright L, Louie WYG, Shahverdi P, Arena SK, Benbow R, Wilson JR, Chen Q, Rousso K, Huang N. Effect of Robotic Delivery of Physical Activity and Fall Prevention Exercise in Older Adults: A Pilot Cohort Study. Cureus 2023; 15:e44264. [PMID: 37772237 PMCID: PMC10527679 DOI: 10.7759/cureus.44264] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 08/28/2023] [Indexed: 09/30/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction The high prevalence of falls, lack of stability and balance, and general physical deconditioning are concerning issues for longevity and quality of life for adults aged 65 years and older. Although supervised delivery of the Otago Exercise Program (OEP) has demonstrated evidence of effectiveness in reducing fall risk of older adults, opportunities for ongoing unsupervised exercise performance are warranted. An option to facilitate exercise and performance of health behaviors may be via a social robot. The purpose of this study was to examine feasibility and initial outcomes of a robot-delivered fall prevention exercise program for community-dwelling older adults. Methods Five participants aged 65 years and older were recruited to receive robot-delivered modified OEP and walking program three times per week for four weeks. Outcomes of demographics, self-reported performance measures (Modified Falls Self-Efficacy Scale, Activities-specific Balance Confidence, and Almere Model assessing various constructs of acceptance of use of robotic technology), and physical performance measures (Timed Up and Go Test, Short Physical Performance Battery, Balance Tracking System [BTrackS] center of pressure sway) were collected. Data were analyzed descriptively and examined for trends in change. Measures of central tendency and distribution were used according to the distribution of the data. Results The mean age of the participants was 75 years (range: 66-83 years; four females and one male). The range of participant exercise session completion was 7-12 (mode=11, n=3). Constructs on the Almere Model that started and remained positive were Attitudes Toward Technology and Perceived Enjoyment with the robot. Anxiety improved from 3.80 to 4.68, while Social Presence of the robot improved from 2.80 to 3.56. The construct of Trust was somewhat negative among participants upon commencing the program and did not substantially change over time. Two participants improved their confidence on the Activities-specific Balance Confidence scale by more than 10%, while all participants showed some improvement in confidence in their balance. Mixed results were found with the Modified Falls Self-Efficacy Scale. Mean gait speed for the participants improved by 0.76 seconds over 3 meters. Improvement was also demonstrated for the Short Physical Performance Battery, with two participants improving scores by 2-3 points out of 12. No appreciable changes were found with the Timed Up and Go test and the BTrackS assessment. Conclusion Using a robot-led exercise program is an accessible and feasible way to deliver exercise to community-dwelling older adults in the home, but some technical constraints remain. Outcomes suggest that a four-week program is sufficient to elicit some positive trends in health outcomes and has the potential to reduce fall risk.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christopher M Wilson
- Physical Therapy, Oakland University, Rochester, USA
- Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, Corewell Health, Southfield, USA
| | - Lori Boright
- Physical Therapy, Oakland University, Rochester, USA
| | - Wing-Yue Geoffrey Louie
- Electrical and Computer Engineering, School of Engineering and Computer Science, Oakland University, Rochester, USA
| | - Pourya Shahverdi
- Electrical and Computer Engineering, School of Engineering and Computer Science, Oakland University, Rochester, USA
| | - Sara K Arena
- Physical Therapy, Oakland University, Rochester, USA
| | - Ronald Benbow
- Oncology and Cardiac Rehabilitation, Henry Ford Health System, Detroit, USA
| | - Jason R Wilson
- Human Movement Science, School of Health Sciences, Oakland University, Rochester, USA
| | - Qinghua Chen
- Electrical and Computer Engineering, School of Engineering and Computer Science, Oakland University, Rochester, USA
| | - Katie Rousso
- Electrical and Computer Engineering, School of Engineering and Computer Science, Oakland University, Rochester, USA
| | - Nathan Huang
- General Medicine, School of Medicine, Oakland University William Beaumont School of Medicine, Rochester, USA
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Kabacińska K, Vu K, Tam M, Edwards O, Miller WC, Robillard JM. "Functioning better is doing better": older adults' priorities for the evaluation of assistive technology. Assist Technol 2023; 35:367-373. [PMID: 35972791 DOI: 10.1080/10400435.2022.2113180] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 08/01/2022] [Indexed: 10/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Despite the benefits of assistive technology (AT), barriers to technology adoption still exist and are uniquely affecting older populations. Improving technology adoption can be achieved by involving end-users in the development and evaluation process. However, existing AT evaluation tools rarely take into account older adults' experiences. The goal of this study was to fill this gap by determining which AT evaluation criteria are important for older adults. We conducted 4 nominal group meetings with 21 participants aged 50+ in Vancouver, Canada. In the meetings, participants generated AT evaluation criteria and organized them in the order of importance. The content from the meetings was analyzed using qualitative content analysis. Final rankings were collated to reveal which criteria were the most important across the groups. We found that promotion of independence, affordability, ease of use and ethics are the most important AT evaluation criteria for older adults. Some aspects of ATs that older adults value, such as reliability, are not featured in AT evaluation tools. This study provides insight into older adults' priorities for AT evaluation criteria, and concerns that older adults have about AT use. The findings are supplemented with a comprehensive analysis of the group discussions that contextualizes the criteria.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katarzyna Kabacińska
- Division of Neurology, Department of Medicine, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Kim Vu
- Division of Neurology, Department of Medicine, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Mallorie Tam
- Division of Neurology, Department of Medicine, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Olivia Edwards
- Division of Neurology, Department of Medicine, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | - William C Miller
- GF Strong Rehabilitation Research Lab, Vancouver Coastal Research Institute, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
- Department of Occupational Science and Occupational Therapy, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Julie M Robillard
- Division of Neurology, Department of Medicine, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
- British Columbia Women's and Children's Hospital, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
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Abdollahi H, Mahoor MH, Zandie R, Siewierski J, Qualls SH. Artificial Emotional Intelligence in Socially Assistive Robots for Older Adults: A Pilot Study. IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON AFFECTIVE COMPUTING 2023; 14:2020-2032. [PMID: 37840968 PMCID: PMC10569155 DOI: 10.1109/taffc.2022.3143803] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/17/2023]
Abstract
This paper presents our recent research on integrating artificial emotional intelligence in a social robot (Ryan) and studies the robot's effectiveness in engaging older adults. Ryan is a socially assistive robot designed to provide companionship for older adults with depression and dementia through conversation. We used two versions of Ryan for our study, empathic and non-empathic. The empathic Ryan utilizes a multimodal emotion recognition algorithm and a multimodal emotion expression system. Using different input modalities for emotion, i.e. facial expression and speech sentiment, the empathic Ryan detects users emotional state and utilizes an affective dialogue manager to generate a response. On the other hand, the non-empathic Ryan lacks facial expression and uses scripted dialogues that do not factor in the users emotional state. We studied these two versions of Ryan with 10 older adults living in a senior care facility. The statistically significant improvement in the users' reported face-scale mood measurement indicates an overall positive effect from the interaction with both the empathic and non-empathic versions of Ryan. However, the number of spoken words measurement and the exit survey analysis suggest that the users perceive the empathic Ryan as more engaging and likable.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hojjat Abdollahi
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Denver
- DreamFace Technologies, LLC
| | - Mohammad H Mahoor
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Denver
- DreamFace Technologies, LLC
| | - Rohola Zandie
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Denver
- DreamFace Technologies, LLC
| | | | - Sara H Qualls
- Department of Psychology and Gerontology Center, University of Colorado, Colorado Springs
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Paquet C, Whitehead J, Shah R, Adams AM, Dooley D, Spreng RN, Aunio AL, Dubé L. Social Prescription Interventions Addressing Social Isolation and Loneliness in Older Adults: Meta-Review Integrating On-the-Ground Resources. J Med Internet Res 2023; 25:e40213. [PMID: 37195738 PMCID: PMC10233446 DOI: 10.2196/40213] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/13/2022] [Revised: 03/09/2023] [Accepted: 03/14/2023] [Indexed: 05/18/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Social prescription programs represent a viable solution to linking primary care patients to nonmedical community resources for improving patient well-being. However, their success depends on the integration of patient needs with local resources. This integration could be accelerated by digital tools that use expressive ontology to organize knowledge resources, thus enabling the seamless navigation of diverse community interventions and services tailored to the needs of individual users. This infrastructure bears particular relevance for older adults, who experience a range of social needs that impact their health, including social isolation and loneliness. An essential first step in enabling knowledge mobilization and the successful implementation of social prescription initiatives to meet the social needs of older adults is to incorporate the evidence-based academic literature on what works, with on-the-ground solutions in the community. OBJECTIVE This study aims to integrate scientific evidence with on-the-ground knowledge to build a comprehensive list of intervention terms and keywords related to reducing social isolation and loneliness in older adults. METHODS A meta-review was conducted using a search strategy combining terms related to older adult population, social isolation and loneliness, and study types relevant to reviews using 5 databases. Review extraction included intervention characteristics, outcomes (social [eg, loneliness, social isolation, and social support] or mental health [eg, psychological well-being, depression, and anxiety]), and effectiveness (reported as consistent, mixed, or not supported). Terms related to identified intervention types were extracted from the reviewed literature as well as descriptions of corresponding community services in Montréal, Canada, available from web-based regional, municipal, and community data sources. RESULTS The meta-review identified 11 intervention types addressing social isolation and loneliness in older adults by either increasing social interactions, providing instrumental support, promoting mental and physical well-being, or providing home and community care. Group-based social activities, support groups with educational elements, recreational activities, and training or use of information and communication technologies were the most effective in improving outcomes. Examples of most intervention types were found in community data sources. Terms derived from the literature that were the most commonly congruent with those describing existing community services were related to telehealth, recreational activities, and psychological therapy. However, several discrepancies were observed between review-based terms and those addressing the available services. CONCLUSIONS A range of interventions found to be effective at addressing social isolation and loneliness or their impact on mental health were identified from the literature, and many of these interventions were represented in services available to older residents in Montréal, Canada. However, different terms were occasionally used to describe or categorize similar services across data sources. Establishing an efficient means of identifying and structuring such sources is important to facilitate referrals and help-seeking behaviors of older adults and for strategic planning of resources.
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Affiliation(s)
- Catherine Paquet
- Département de Marketing, Faculté des Sciences de l'Administration, Université Laval, Québec, QC, Canada
- Centre de Recherche, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Québec - Université Laval, Quebec, QC, Canada
- Centre Nutrition, Santé et Société (NUTRISS), Institut sur la Nutrition et les Aliments Fonctionnels (INAF), Quebec, QC, Canada
| | - Jocelyne Whitehead
- Integrated Program in Neuroscience, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada
- Desautels Faculty of Management, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada
- McGill Centre for the Convergence of Health and Economics, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - Rishabh Shah
- Desautels Faculty of Management, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada
- McGill Centre for the Convergence of Health and Economics, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - Alayne Mary Adams
- Department of Family Medicine, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - Damion Dooley
- Centre for Infectious Disease Genomics and One Health, Simon Fraser University, Vancouver, BC, Canada
| | - R Nathan Spreng
- Department of Neurology and Neurosurgery, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | | | - Laurette Dubé
- Desautels Faculty of Management, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada
- McGill Centre for the Convergence of Health and Economics, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada
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Hsieh TY, Chaudhury B, Cross ES. Human–Robot Cooperation in Economic Games: People Show Strong Reciprocity but Conditional Prosociality Toward Robots. Int J Soc Robot 2023; 15:791-805. [DOI: 10.1007/s12369-023-00981-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 02/15/2023] [Indexed: 07/19/2023]
Abstract
AbstractUnderstanding how people socially engage with robots is becoming increasingly important as these machines are deployed in social settings. We investigated 70 participants’ situational cooperation tendencies towards a robot using prisoner’s dilemma games, manipulating the incentives for cooperative decisions to be high or low. We predicted that people would cooperate more often with the robot in high-incentive conditions. We also administered subjective measures to explore the relationships between people’s cooperative decisions and their social value orientation, attitudes towards robots, and anthropomorphism tendencies. Our results showed incentive structure did not predict human cooperation overall, but did influence cooperation in early rounds, where participants cooperated significantly more in high-incentive conditions. Exploratory analyses further revealed that participants played a tit-for-tat strategy against the robot (whose decisions were random), and only behaved prosocially toward the robot when they had achieved high scores themselves. These findings highlight how people make social decisions when their individual profit is at odds with collective profit with a robot, and advance understanding on human–robot interactions in collaborative contexts.
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Shoesmith E. Animal-assisted and robotic animal-assisted interventions within dementia care: A systematic review. DEMENTIA 2023; 22:664-693. [PMID: 36765455 PMCID: PMC10014823 DOI: 10.1177/14713012231155985] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/12/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Animal-assisted interventions and robotic animal interventions are becoming increasingly popular to support the care of people with dementia and may have the potential to improve a range of psychosocial outcomes. This review aims to identify, describe, and compare animal-assisted and robotic animal interventions delivered to people with dementia, their characteristics, effectiveness, and the proposed mechanisms underlying any potential impact. METHODS A systematic literature search was conducted in MEDLINE, AMED, EMBASE, PsycINFO, OVID Nursing, PubMed, CINAHL and Web of Science. Random-effects meta-analyses of randomised controlled trials (RCTs) were conducted to summarise studies that evaluated common outcomes (agitation, depression, quality of life). A narrative approach was used to synthesise other findings. RESULTS Fifty-one studies were included: 18 RCTs; 12 non-randomised trials, 13 cohort studies, 7 qualitative studies and one mixed-methods study. Meta-analyses were conducted for a small number of RCTs, with effectiveness of animal-assisted interventions demonstrated for agitation. Narrative findings suggested animal-assisted and robotic animal interventions may be promising in improving depression, agitation, and quality of life. Three potential mechanisms of action were identified for both animal-assisted and robotic animal interventions, namely enhancing social connections, providing engaging and meaningful activities, and the affect-generating aspect of the human-animal bond. A fourth mechanism was identified for animal-assisted interventions only: promoting physical activity. Robotic animals appear to have a place in complex human-animal relationships, but a greater understanding of robotic animal interventions is required to harness the benefits that may be derived from their use. CONCLUSION Delivering these interventions appear promising in improving psychosocial outcomes for people with dementia. As most included studies had methodological limitations, these findings are preliminary, but contribute to the body of evidence providing an understanding in terms of intervention characteristics and mechanisms of action. When developing intervention guidance, attention should be given to potential mechanisms and fundamental characteristics such as session content, delivery format and facilitator role.
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36
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Berridge C, Zhou Y, Robillard JM, Kaye J. Companion robots to mitigate loneliness among older adults: Perceptions of benefit and possible deception. Front Psychol 2023; 14:1106633. [PMID: 36895732 PMCID: PMC9988932 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyg.2023.1106633] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/24/2022] [Accepted: 01/19/2023] [Indexed: 02/25/2023] Open
Abstract
Objective Given growing interest in companion robots to mitigate loneliness, large-scale studies are needed to understand peoples' perspectives on the use of robots to combat loneliness and attendant ethical issues. This study examines opinions about artificial companion (AC) robots regarding deception with dementia and impact on loneliness. Methods Data are from a survey of 825 members of the OHSU Research via Internet Technology and Experience cohort (response rate = 45%). Sixty percent (n = 496) of the age diverse sample (range = 25-88; M = 64; SD = 13.17) is over 64, allowing us to compare across age and consider current and future older adults. Ordinal logistic regressions examined relationships between age, health, and other socio-demographic characteristics and perceptions of impact on loneliness and comfort with deception. Results Most participants (68.7%) did not think an AC robot would make them feel less lonely and felt somewhat-to-very uncomfortable (69.3%) with the idea of being allowed to believe that an artificial companion is human. In adjusted models, one additional year of age was associated with lower likelihood of perceived benefit of reducing loneliness [Odds Ratio (OR) = 0.98; (0.97-0.99), p = 0.003] and lower comfort with deception [OR = 0.99; (0.97-1.00), p = 0.044]. Being female was associated with lower likelihood of comfort with deception [OR = 0.68; (0.50-0.93), p = 0.014] and high confidence using computers with greater comfort [OR = 2.18; (1.42-3.38), p < 0.001]. Discussion There was not strong support for AC robots to mitigate loneliness. Most participants were uncomfortable with this form of deception, indicating need for design solutions for those who want to avoid this possibility, as well as greater attentiveness to desirability and comfort across age and gender.
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Affiliation(s)
- Clara Berridge
- School of Social Work, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, United States
| | - Yuanjin Zhou
- Steve Hicks School of Social Work, University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX, United States
| | - Julie M. Robillard
- Faculty of Medicine, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada
| | - Jeffrey Kaye
- School of Medicine, Oregon Health and Science University, Portland, OR, United States
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Schneider C, Bousbiat H. Coaching Robots for Older Seniors: Do They Get What They Expect? Insights from an Austrian Study. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2023; 20:2965. [PMID: 36833659 PMCID: PMC9963592 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph20042965] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2022] [Revised: 02/02/2023] [Accepted: 02/06/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
To support the increasing number of older people, new (assistive) technologies are constantly being developed. For these technologies to be used successfully, future users need to be trained. Due to demographic change, this will become difficult in the future, as the resources for training will no longer be available. In this respect, coaching robots could have great potential to support younger seniors in particular. However, there is little evidence in the literature about the perceptions and potential impact of this technology on the well-being of older people. This paper provides insights into the use of a robot coach (robo-coach) to train younger seniors in the use of a new technology. The study was carried out in Austria in autumn 2020, involving 34 participants equally distributed among employees in their last three years of service and retirees in their first three years of retirement (23 female; 11 male). The aim was to assess participants' expectations and perceptions by examining the perceived ease of use and user experience of the robot in providing assistance during a learning session. The findings reveal a positive impression of the participants and promising results for using the robot as a coaching assistant in daily tasks.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cornelia Schneider
- Institute of Computer Science, University of Applied Sciences Wiener Neustadt, 2700 Wiener Neustadt, Austria
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Lim J. Effects of a cognitive-based intervention program using social robot PIO on cognitive function, depression, loneliness, and quality of life of older adults living alone. Front Public Health 2023; 11:1097485. [PMID: 36815168 PMCID: PMC9939746 DOI: 10.3389/fpubh.2023.1097485] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2022] [Accepted: 01/23/2023] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Objective Social robot interventions are being implemented to reduce cognitive decline, depression, and loneliness among older adults. However, the types, functions, and programs of effective social robots have not yet been confirmed. This study investigated whether a social robot intervention is effective in improving cognitive function, depression, loneliness, and quality of life in older adults living alone. Methods This study used a non-equivalent control group pre-test-post-test design. It was conducted twice a week, with each session lasting 50 mi; twelve sessions were conducted over 6 weeks. This study was conducted at three senior welfare centers in Korea. In each group, 10 or fewer participants used the PIO social robot. The total participants included 64 people in the experimental (n = 31) and control groups (n = 33), and consisted of older people over 65 years of age living alone. Results There was a statistically significant difference in the pre-post values for cognitive function (z = 5.21, p < 0.001), depression (z = -2.99, p = 0.003), and loneliness (t = -4.27, p < 0.001) in the experimental and control groups. However, there was no statistically significant difference for quality of life (z = 1.84, p = 0.066). Conclusions It was confirmed that a cognitive intervention program using the social robot PIO can improve cognitive function and reduce depression and loneliness in older adults living alone.
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Degenholtz HB, Travers JL, Zimmerman S, Teresi J, Calkins M, Sloane PD. Nursing Home Reform in the Context of National Long-Term Care Services and Policy: The Devil in the Details of the National Academies Report. J Am Geriatr Soc 2023; 71:357-361. [PMID: 36795631 DOI: 10.1111/jgs.18273] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2023] [Accepted: 01/25/2023] [Indexed: 02/17/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Howard B Degenholtz
- Schools of Social Work and Public Health, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Jasmine L Travers
- New York University, Rory Meyers College of Nursing, New York, New York, USA
| | - Sheryl Zimmerman
- Schools of Social Work and Public Health, and the Cecil G. Sheps Center for Health Services Research, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, North Carolina, USA
| | - Jeanne Teresi
- Columbia University Stroud Center at New York State Psychiatric Institute and Research Division, Hebrew Home at Riverdale, Bronx, New York, USA
| | | | - Philip D Sloane
- School of Medicine and the Cecil G. Sheps Center for Health Services Research, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, North Carolina, USA
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40
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Dosso JA, Kailley JN, Guerra GK, Robillard JM. Older adult perspectives on emotion and stigma in social robots. Front Psychiatry 2023; 13:1051750. [PMID: 36713914 PMCID: PMC9878396 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyt.2022.1051750] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/23/2022] [Accepted: 12/20/2022] [Indexed: 01/14/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction Social robot adoption by older adults and people living with dementia is limited by several barriers, including a lack of emotional alignment with social robots and perceptions of stigma around social robot use. The goal of this work was to address these barriers by engaging end-users in discussions on factors that could affect emotional connection to a social robot and considerations around using a social robot in public. Methods We conducted seven 90-min online workshops with older adults with (n = 2) and without dementia (n = 25) and care partners (n = 17). Older adults with and without dementia were in their 50s - 80s, and care partners were in their 30s - 70s. Seven older adults, seven care partners, and one older adult with dementia indicated that they had used a robot before. Online workshops had 4-8 participants each, and began with video demonstrations of pet-like robot MiRo and tabletop robot T-Top, as well as a live demonstration of MiRo. Participants completed the Multi-Dimensional Robot Attitude Scale before the workshops and the Psychosocial Impact of Assistive Devices Scale and two Zoom polls during the workshops. The audio and chat responses from the workshops were transcribed verbatim and content analysis was performed on the transcripts. Results Our analysis revealed three broad themes and 10 subthemes. In their discussions on features and applications, participants highlighted preferred forms of communication with a robot and ways in which a robot could support connection between people. For example, robots could improve the quality of communication between care partners and the person for whom they care. While many agreed that a social robot should match their level of emotion and interactivity, participants had different preferences for social robot emotional range and display features. Finally, participants discussed considerations around showing a robot to other people; several participants suggested that a robot could help raise awareness of ageing and dementia while others shared concerns about stigma and attracting negative attention from an audience. Discussion Incorporating these findings into the design and implementation of social robots will result in devices that are better-suited to the needs of older adults, people living with dementia, and care partners.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jill A. Dosso
- Division of Neurology, Department of Medicine, The University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada
- British Columbia Children’s and Women’s Hospital, Vancouver, BC, Canada
| | - Jaya N. Kailley
- Division of Neurology, Department of Medicine, The University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada
- British Columbia Children’s and Women’s Hospital, Vancouver, BC, Canada
| | - Gabriella K. Guerra
- Division of Neurology, Department of Medicine, The University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada
- British Columbia Children’s and Women’s Hospital, Vancouver, BC, Canada
| | - Julie M. Robillard
- Division of Neurology, Department of Medicine, The University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada
- British Columbia Children’s and Women’s Hospital, Vancouver, BC, Canada
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Flujas-Contreras JM, García-Palacios A, Gómez I. Technology in psychology: a bibliometric analysis of technology-based interventions in clinical and health psychology. Inform Health Soc Care 2023; 48:47-67. [PMID: 35353661 DOI: 10.1080/17538157.2022.2054343] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
This study aimed to identify, synthesize, and evaluate the current state of research on the use of technology-based interventions in clinical psychology through 2017 as a recent innovative area of study. It was intended to provide a critical overview of trends in different tools and populations and identify future areas of interest. This paper focuses on studies published in psychological interventions in childhood, adolescents, adults, and geriatric populations using new technologies, including web-based intervention, virtual reality, augmented reality, mobile applications, and robotics, with particular attention to methodology. To achieve this aim, a systematic search was made in the ISI Web of Science for intervention, psychology, and the technological tools previously mentioned. The results of the study show that the use of information and communication technologies in psychology has been an innovative and growing field of study for the last 10 years. In total, 743 were included in this study. A growing trend has been observed in publications related to psychology and the use of technologies since 2007. Resea0rch topics were focused mainly on interventions on specific problems or disorders such as depression. The largest number of publications were found for the web-based intervention, in randomized clinical trials and applied to adults.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juan M Flujas-Contreras
- Department of Psychology University of Almeria, Almería, Spain.,Health Research Centre of University of Almeria (CEINSA/ual), Almería, Spain
| | - Azucena García-Palacios
- Department of Psychology, University Jaume I, Castellon, Spain.,CIBER of Physiopathology of Obesity and Nutrition CIBERobn, CB06/03 Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Spain
| | - Inmaculada Gómez
- Department of Psychology University of Almeria, Almería, Spain.,Health Research Centre of University of Almeria (CEINSA/ual), Almería, Spain
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Koh WQ, Vandemeulebroucke T, Gastmans C, Miranda R, Van den Block L. The ethics of pet robots in dementia care settings: Care professionals' and organisational leaders' ethical intuitions. Front Psychiatry 2023; 14:1052889. [PMID: 36756218 PMCID: PMC9899814 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyt.2023.1052889] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/24/2022] [Accepted: 01/05/2023] [Indexed: 01/24/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Pet robots are gaining momentum as a technology-based intervention to support the psychosocial wellbeing of people with dementia. Current research suggests that they can reduce agitation, improve mood and social engagement. The implementation of pet robots in care for persons with dementia raises several ethical debates. However, there is a paucity of empirical evidence to uncover care providers' ethical intuitions, defined as individuals' fundamental moral knowledge that are not underpinned by any specific propositions. OBJECTIVES Explore care professionals' and organisational leaders' ethical intuitions before and when implementing pet robots in nursing homes for routine dementia care. MATERIALS AND METHODS We undertook a secondary qualitative analysis of data generated from in-depth, semi-structured interviews with 22 care professionals and organisational leaders from eight nursing homes in Ireland. Data were analysed using reflexive thematic analysis. Ethical constructs derived from a comprehensive review of argument-based ethics literature were used to guide the deductive coding of concepts. An inductive approach was used to generate open codes not falling within the pre-existing concepts. FINDINGS Ethical intuitions for implementing pet robots manifested at three levels: an (1) individual-relational, (2) organisational and (3) societal level. At the individual-relational level, ethical intuitions involved supporting the autonomy of residents and care providers, using the robots to alleviate residents' social isolation, and the physical and psychosocial impacts associated with their use. Some care providers had differing sentiments about anthropomorphizing pet robots. At the organisational level, intuitions related to the use of pet robots to relieve care provision, changes to the organisational workflow, and varying extents of openness amongst care providers to use technological innovations. At the societal level, intuitions pertained conceptions of dementia care in nursing homes, and social justice relating to the affordability and availability of pet robots. Discrepancies between participants' ethical intuitions and existing philosophical arguments were uncovered. CONCLUSION Care professionals and organisational leaders had different opinions on how pet robots are or should be implemented for residents with dementia. Future research should consider involving care practitioners, people with dementia, and their family members in the ethics dialogue to support the sustainable, ethical use of pet robots in practice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei Qi Koh
- College of Nursing, Medicine, and Health Sciences, University of Galway, Galway, Ireland
| | - Tijs Vandemeulebroucke
- Sustainable AI Lab, Institut für Wissenschaft und Ethik, University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany
| | - Chris Gastmans
- Centre for Biomedical Ethics and Law, Faculty of Medicine, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Rose Miranda
- End-of-Life Care Research Group, Vrije Universiteit Brussel (VUB) and Ghent University, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Lieve Van den Block
- End-of-Life Care Research Group, Vrije Universiteit Brussel (VUB) and Ghent University, Brussels, Belgium
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Harris-Gersten ML, Davagnino JM, Alcorn ER, Hastings SN. Usability and Acceptability of Social Robot Pets Among Community-Dwelling Veterans Living With Dementia and Their Caregivers. Am J Alzheimers Dis Other Demen 2023; 38:15333175231200973. [PMID: 37688378 PMCID: PMC10624055 DOI: 10.1177/15333175231200973] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/10/2023]
Abstract
Social robot pets promote engagement and psychosocial well-being among older adults, yet little is known about their use among community-dwelling Veterans living with dementia. This programmatic evaluation used a within subjects, pre-post design to examine the usability (frequency of use, frequency of caregiver reminders) and acceptability (benefit, satisfaction) of social robot pets among Veterans with dementia (N = 20). An intervention usability and acceptability tool was completed by telephone with family caregivers 3 months after delivery of the pet to the home. Overall, 80% of Veterans used the pet often or daily, while 7 caregivers provided reminders for the Veteran to use the pet. Caregivers indicated that Veterans experienced benefit with the pet, as well themselves. Regarding satisfaction, 89% reported they would recommend a social robot pet to others. Research is needed to expand generalizability, evaluate effects on outcomes, and enhance implementation of social robot pets among Veteran families with dementia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Melissa L. Harris-Gersten
- Center of Innovation to Accelerate Discovery and Practice Transformation, Durham Veterans Affairs Health Care System, Durham, NC, USA
- School of Nursing, Duke University, Durham, NC, USA
- Clinical and Translational Science Institute’s National Clinician Scholars Program, Duke University, Durham, NC, USA
| | - Judith M. Davagnino
- Geriatric Research, Education, and Clinical Center-Caring for Older Adults and Caregivers at Home Program, Durham Veterans Affairs Health Care System, Durham, NC, USA
| | - Edwin R. Alcorn
- Geriatric Research, Education, and Clinical Center-Caring for Older Adults and Caregivers at Home Program, Durham Veterans Affairs Health Care System, Durham, NC, USA
| | - S. Nicole Hastings
- Center of Innovation to Accelerate Discovery and Practice Transformation, Durham Veterans Affairs Health Care System, Durham, NC, USA
- School of Medicine, Duke University, Durham, NC, USA
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Ma B, Yang J, Wong FKY, Wong AKC, Ma T, Meng J, Zhao Y, Wang Y, Lu Q. Artificial intelligence in elderly healthcare: A scoping review. Ageing Res Rev 2023; 83:101808. [PMID: 36427766 DOI: 10.1016/j.arr.2022.101808] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/18/2022] [Revised: 10/26/2022] [Accepted: 11/20/2022] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
The ageing population has led to a surge in the adoption of artificial intelligence (AI) technologies in elderly healthcare worldwide. However, in the advancement of AI technologies, there is currently a lack of clarity about the types and roles of AI technologies in elderly healthcare. This scoping review aimed to provide a comprehensive overview of AI technologies in elderly healthcare by exploring the types of AI technologies employed, and identifying their roles in elderly healthcare based on existing studies. A total of 10 databases were searched for this review, from January 1 2000 to July 31 2022. Based on the inclusion criteria, 105 studies were included. The AI devices utilized in elderly healthcare were summarised as robots, exoskeleton devices, intelligent homes, AI-enabled health smart applications and wearables, voice-activated devices, and virtual reality. Five roles of AI technologies were identified: rehabilitation therapists, emotional supporters, social facilitators, supervisors, and cognitive promoters. Results showed that the impact of AI technologies on elderly healthcare is promising and that AI technologies are capable of satisfying the unmet care needs of older adults and demonstrating great potential in its further development in this area. More well-designed randomised controlled trials are needed in the future to validate the roles of AI technologies in elderly healthcare.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bingxin Ma
- School of Nursing, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China
| | - Jin Yang
- School of Nursing, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China
| | | | | | - Tingting Ma
- School of Nursing, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China
| | - Jianan Meng
- School of Nursing, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China
| | - Yue Zhao
- School of Nursing, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China.
| | - Yaogang Wang
- School of Public Health, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China; School of Integrative Medicine, Public Health Science and Engineering College, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, China; National Institute of Health Data Science at Peking University, Beijing, China.
| | - Qi Lu
- School of Nursing, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China.
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Bi X, Gao Y, Sun E, Yan Y, Zhou Y, Ye X. Heterogeneity of Attitudes toward Robots in Healthcare among the Chinese Public: A Latent Profile Analysis. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2022; 20:508. [PMID: 36612827 PMCID: PMC9819303 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph20010508] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/06/2022] [Revised: 12/19/2022] [Accepted: 12/23/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
Attitudes are deemed critical psychological variables that can determine end users' acceptance and adoption of robots. This study explored the heterogeneity of the Chinese public's attitudes toward robots in healthcare and examined demographic characteristics associated with the derived profile membership. The data were collected from a sample of 428 Chinese who participated in an online survey. Latent profile analysis identified three distinct subgroups regarding attitudes toward robots-optimistic (36.9%), neutral (47.2%), and ambivalent (15.9%). Interestingly, although participants in the ambivalent attitude profile held more negative attitudes toward interaction with or social influence of healthcare robots, their attitudes tended to be positive when it came to emotional interactions with healthcare robots. All the respondents reported negative attitudes toward the social influence of healthcare robots. Multivariable regression analysis results showed that there were significant differences in age, education level, monthly income, experience with computers, experience with wearable devices, and whether to follow robot-related news or not. This study confirmed the heterogeneity of the Chinese public's attitudes toward robots in healthcare and highlighted the importance of emotional interaction with and social influence of healthcare robots, which might facilitate a better understanding of the needs and expectations of potential end users for robots in healthcare to make them more acceptable in different situations.
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Leung AYM, Zhao IY, Lin S, Lau TK. Exploring the Presence of Humanoid Social Robots at Home and Capturing Human-Robot Interactions with Older Adults: Experiences from Four Case Studies. Healthcare (Basel) 2022; 11:healthcare11010039. [PMID: 36611499 PMCID: PMC9818881 DOI: 10.3390/healthcare11010039] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/21/2022] [Revised: 12/14/2022] [Accepted: 12/20/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Social robots have the potential to bring benefits to aged care. However, it is uncertain whether placing these robots in older people's home is acceptable and whether human-robot interactions would occur or not. METHODS Four case studies were conducted to understand the experiences of older adults and family caregivers when humanoid social robot Ka Ka was placed in homes for two weeks. RESULTS Four older adults and three family caregivers were involved. Older adults interacted with the social robot Ka Ka every day during the study period. 'Talking to Ka Ka', 'listening to music', 'using the calendar reminder', and 'listening to the weather report' were the most commonly used features. Qualitative data reported the strengths of Ka Ka, such as providing emotional support to older adults living alone, diversifying their daily activities, and enhancing family relationships. The voice from Ka Ka (female, soft, and pleasing to the ear) was considered as 'bringing a pleasant feeling' to older adults. CONCLUSIONS In order to support aging-in-place and fill the gaps of the intensified shortage of health and social manpower, it is of prime importance to develop reliable and age-friendly AI-based robotic services that meet the needs and preferences of older adults and caregivers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Angela Y. M. Leung
- WHO Collaborating Centre for Community Health Services, School of Nursing, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hong Kong 999077, China
- Research Institute of Smart Aging (RISA), The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hong Kong 999077, China
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +852-2766-5587
| | - Ivy Y. Zhao
- WHO Collaborating Centre for Community Health Services, School of Nursing, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hong Kong 999077, China
- Research Institute of Smart Aging (RISA), The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hong Kong 999077, China
| | - Shuanglan Lin
- WHO Collaborating Centre for Community Health Services, School of Nursing, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hong Kong 999077, China
| | - Terence K. Lau
- WHO Collaborating Centre for Community Health Services, School of Nursing, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hong Kong 999077, China
- Research Institute of Smart Aging (RISA), The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hong Kong 999077, China
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Zhang H, Välimäki M, Li X, Nan J, Wu S, Zeng X, Duan Y, Feng H. Barriers and facilitators of digital interventions use to reduce loneliness among older adults: a protocol for a qualitative systematic review. BMJ Open 2022; 12:e067858. [PMID: 36456019 PMCID: PMC9716780 DOI: 10.1136/bmjopen-2022-067858] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/03/2022] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Digital interventions are considered as a potential solution to loneliness in older adults. However, this type of intervention has had limited acceptance among older adults (aged ≥60 years). To ensure the use of digital interventions in older adults, possible barriers and facilitating factors should be better understood from the user's perspective. We aim to systematically examine the barriers and facilitators to the implementation of digital interventions designed to reduce loneliness in older adults by identifying, evaluating and synthesising qualitative studies. METHODS AND ANALYSIS A comprehensive search of qualitative studies for barriers and facilitators for use of digital interventions will be conducted in the following databases: PubMed, MEDLINE, CINAHL, Embase, Scopus, Cochrane Library and Web of Science. Studies reported in English will be considered for this review. Grey literature will not be included. Two reviewers (HZ and XL) will independently screen the literatures, and any differences will be solved by turning to the third reviewer (JN). The Joanna Briggs Institute (JBI) Qualitative Research Critical Appraisal Checklist will be used by two reviewers to independently assess the validity of the methods used. Relevant data about the populations, context, culture, geographical location, study methods and barriers and facilitators to the implementation of digital interventions will be extracted using the JBI standardised data extraction tool. JBI meta-aggregation methods will be implemented to synthesise the data, which will generate themes and categories based on the data. The final synthesis will establish confidence levels using the JBI ConQual approach. ETHICS AND DISSEMINATION The protocol does not require ethical approval. The data are based on published scientific databases. The results will be disseminated through journal articles and scientific conference presentations (if feasible). PROSPERO REGISTRATION NUMBER CRD42022328609.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hongyu Zhang
- Xiangya School of Nursing, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Maritta Välimäki
- Xiangya School of Nursing, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
- Department of Nursing Science, University of Turku, Turku, Finland
| | - Xiaoyang Li
- Xiangya School of Nursing, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Jiahui Nan
- Xiangya School of Nursing, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Shuang Wu
- Xiangya School of Nursing, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Xianmei Zeng
- Xiangya School of Nursing, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Yunzhu Duan
- Xiangya School of Nursing, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Hui Feng
- Xiangya School of Nursing, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
- Xiangya-Oceanwide Health Management Research Institute, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
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Lin HH, Lin TY, Hsu CW, Chen CH, Li QY, Wu PH. Moderating Effects of Religious Tourism Activities on Environmental Risk, Leisure Satisfaction, Physical and Mental Health and Well-Being among the Elderly in the Context of COVID-19. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2022; 19:14419. [PMID: 36361295 PMCID: PMC9658456 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph192114419] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/26/2022] [Revised: 10/31/2022] [Accepted: 11/01/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
The purpose of this study is to explore whether religious tourism activities can create a safe leisure environment and improve the well-being of the elderly during the COVID-19 pandemic, with the participants in the Baishatun Mazu pilgrimage in Taiwan as the subjects of this study. A mixed research method was used. First, statistical software and the Pearson product-moment correlation coefficient were used to analyze the data. Then the respondents' opinions were collected. Finally, a multivariate analysis method was used to discuss the results of analysis. The findings showed that the elderly respondents thought that the epidemic prevention information and leisure space planning for the pilgrimage made them feel secure. The elderly believed the scenery, religious atmosphere, and commodities en route could reduce the perception of environmental risks to tourists, relieve pressure on the brain, and increase social opportunities. Therefore, the friendlier the leisure environment around the pilgrimage, the greater the leisure satisfaction among the elderly respondents. The happier the elderly felt, the less they considered the concentration of airborne contaminants, including viruses. The better their physical and mental health was, the less likely they were to want to ask for religious goods.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hsiao-Hsien Lin
- Department of Leisure Industry Management, National Chin-Yi University of Technology, Taichung 41170, Taiwan
| | - Tzu-Yun Lin
- Department of Sport Information and Communication, National Taiwan University of Sport, Taichung 404401, Taiwan
| | - Chun-Wei Hsu
- College of History, Culture and Tourism, Yulin Normal University, Yulin 537000, China
| | - Che-Hsiu Chen
- Department of Sport Performance, National Taiwan University of Sport, Taichung 404401, Taiwan
| | - Qi-Yuan Li
- School of Physical Education, Jiaying University, Meizhou 514015, China
| | - Po-Hsuan Wu
- Department of Environmental Science and Engineering, National Pingtung University of Science and Technology, Pingtung 912301, Taiwan
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Fraune MR, Komatsu T, Preusse HR, Langlois DK, Au RHY, Ling K, Suda S, Nakamura K, Tsui KM. Socially facilitative robots for older adults to alleviate social isolation: A participatory design workshop approach in the US and Japan. Front Psychol 2022; 13:904019. [PMID: 36337527 PMCID: PMC9629871 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyg.2022.904019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/25/2022] [Accepted: 09/16/2022] [Indexed: 06/29/2024] Open
Abstract
Social technology can improve the quality of older adults' social lives and mitigate negative mental and physical health outcomes associated with loneliness, but it should be designed collaboratively with this population. In this paper, we used participatory design (PD) methods to investigate how robots might be used as social facilitators for middle-aged and older adults (age 50+) in both the US and Japan. We conducted PD workshops in the US and Japan because both countries are concerned about the social isolation of these older adults due to their rapidly aging populations. We developed a novel approach to participatory design of future technologies that spends 2/3 of the PD session asking participants about their own life experiences as a foundation. This grounds the conversation in reality, creates rapport among the participants, and engages them in creative critical thinking. Then, we build upon this foundation, pose an abstract topic, and ask participants to brainstorm on the topic based on their previous discussion. In both countries, participants were eager to actively discuss design ideas for socially facilitative robots and imagine how they might improve their social lives. US participants suggested design ideas for telepresence robots, social distancing robots, and social skills artificial intelligence programs, while Japanese participants suggested ideas for pet robots, robots for sharing experiences, and easy-to-operate instructor robots. Comparing these two countries, we found that US participants saw robots as tools to help facilitate their social connections, while Japanese participants envisioned robots to function as surrogate companions for their parents and distract them from loneliness when they were unavailable. With this paper, we contribute to the literature in two main ways, presenting: (1) A novel approach to participatory design of future technologies that grounds participants in their everyday experience, and (2) Results of the study indicating how middle-aged and older adults from the US and Japan wanted technologies to improve their social lives. Although we conducted the workshops during the COVID-19 pandemic, many findings generalized to other situations related to social isolation, such as older adults living alone.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marlena R. Fraune
- Department of Psychology, New Mexico State University, Las Cruces, NM, United States
| | - Takanori Komatsu
- Department of Frontier Media Science, Meiji University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Harrison R. Preusse
- Department of Psychology, New Mexico State University, Las Cruces, NM, United States
| | - Danielle K. Langlois
- Department of Psychology, New Mexico State University, Las Cruces, NM, United States
| | - Rachel H. Y. Au
- Department of Psychology, New Mexico State University, Las Cruces, NM, United States
| | - Katrina Ling
- Department of Psychology, New Mexico State University, Las Cruces, NM, United States
| | - Shogo Suda
- Department of Frontier Media Science, Meiji University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Kiko Nakamura
- Department of Frontier Media Science, Meiji University, Tokyo, Japan
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Plohl N, Flis V, Bergauer A, Kobilica N, Kampič T, Horvat S, Vidovič D, Musil B, Smrke U, Mlakar I. A protocol on the effects of interactive digital assistance on engagement and perceived quality of care of surgery patients and self-efficacy and workload of staff. Front Med (Lausanne) 2022; 9:989808. [DOI: 10.3389/fmed.2022.989808] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/11/2022] [Accepted: 10/03/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
IntroductionThe workforce shortage in the healthcare context is a growing issue that exerts detrimental effects on employees (e.g., higher workload) and patients (e.g., suboptimal patient care). Since traditional approaches alone may not be enough to solve this problem, there is a need for complementary innovative digital health solutions, such as socially assistive robots. Hence, the proposed study aims to investigate the effects of gamified nursing education and physiotherapy delivered by a socially assistive robot on patient- (engagement, perceived quality of care) and employee-related outcomes (perceived self-efficacy, workload).Methods and analysisApproximately 90 vascular and thoracic surgery patients will receive either standard care or standard care with additional robot interactions over the course of 3–5 days. Additionally, approximately 34 nursing and physiotherapeutic employees will fill out self-report questionnaires after weeks of not using a social robot and weeks of using a social robot. The main hypotheses will be tested with mixed-design analyses of variance and paired-samples t-tests.DiscussionWhile the proposed study has some limitations, the results will provide high-quality and comprehensive evidence on the effectiveness of socially assistive robots in healthcare.Ethics and disseminationThe study was approved by the Medical Ethics Commission of the University Medical Center and registered in the ISRCTN registry (ISRCTN96689284). The study findings will be summarized in international peer-reviewed scientific journals and meetings and communicated to relevant stakeholders.
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