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Ko AJ, Kim J, Park EC, Ha MJ. Association between the utilization of senior centers and participation in health check-ups. Sci Rep 2024; 14:11518. [PMID: 38769405 PMCID: PMC11106259 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-024-61995-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/22/2024] [Accepted: 05/13/2024] [Indexed: 05/22/2024] Open
Abstract
The global older adult population is increasing. Early detection and intervention through health check-ups are crucial for successful aging, as they play a significant role in identifying and addressing diseases. This study explored the relationship between the utilization of senior centers and the promotion of health check-ups. It utilized data from 10,097 individuals aged 65 years and above, sourced from the 2020 Elderly Survey in South Korea. The primary variable of interest was classified into two groups: those who utilized senior centers and those who did not. Subgroups were further categorized based on the frequency of usage and the presence of family members among senior centers users. Logistic regression analyses were conducted to assess the association between the utilization of senior centers and participation in health check-ups. Both men and women utilizing senior centers demonstrated a higher likelihood of participating in health check-ups compared with those who did not use senior centers. Participants visiting senior centers in a week exhibited a progressively higher likelihood of engaging in health check-ups compared with those who visited such senior centers zero times a week. Senior centers can serve as effective intervention methods to enhance health check-ups among older adults. Furthermore, this can contribute to fostering successful aging among older adults.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ah Jung Ko
- Department of Health Policy & Management, Graduate School of Public Health, Yonsei University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
- Institute of Health Services Research, Yonsei University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Jinhyun Kim
- Institute of Health Services Research, Yonsei University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
- Department of Preventive Medicine, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
- Department of Psychiatry, Yonsei University Hospital, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Eun-Cheol Park
- Institute of Health Services Research, Yonsei University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
- Department of Preventive Medicine, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Min Jin Ha
- Department of Health Informatics and Biostatistics, Graduate School of Public Health, Yonsei University, 50 Yonsei-ro, Seodaemun-gu, Seoul, 03722, Republic of Korea.
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Jolidon V, De Prez V, Bracke P, Cullati S, Burton-Jeangros C. Lack of social support, gender and colorectal cancer screening participation across Europe: How do screening programmes mitigate the effect of social support for men and women? SOCIOLOGY OF HEALTH & ILLNESS 2024. [PMID: 38761366 DOI: 10.1111/1467-9566.13791] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2023] [Accepted: 04/16/2024] [Indexed: 05/20/2024]
Abstract
This study investigates how a lack of social support differentially affects men and women's colorectal cancer (CRC) screening participation, considering different screening strategies implemented across European countries. Although health sociology has stressed gender differences in social support and its effects on health behaviours, this was overlooked by cancer screening research. Using a data set of 65,961 women and 55,602 men in 31 European countries, we analysed the effect of social support variables on CRC screening uptake. We found that living alone and lower perceived social support were associated with lower screening uptake for both men and women. These effects were, however, stronger among men. Population-based screening programmes mitigated these effects, particularly for women, but not for men living alone. In countries with opportunistic screening programmes, social support variables remained associated with screening uptake. We conclude that cancer screening interventions should pay attention to social support and its gender-differentiated effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vladimir Jolidon
- Institute of Sociological Research, University of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland
- Population Health Laboratory, University of Fribourg, Fribourg, Switzerland
| | - Vincent De Prez
- Department of Sociology, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
- Health Services Research, Sciensano, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Piet Bracke
- Department of Sociology, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Stéphane Cullati
- Institute of Sociological Research, University of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland
- Population Health Laboratory, University of Fribourg, Fribourg, Switzerland
- Department of Readaptation and Geriatrics, University of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland
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Wilson SJ, Novak JR, Yorgason JB, Martire LM, Lyons KS. New Opportunities for Advancing Dyadic Health Science in Gerontology. THE GERONTOLOGIST 2024; 64:gnac187. [PMID: 36534908 PMCID: PMC10733121 DOI: 10.1093/geront/gnac187] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/09/2022] [Indexed: 10/07/2023] Open
Abstract
As dyadic health science enters a golden age, important conceptual, theoretical, and technical challenges remain. This forum review brings together perspectives on the burgeoning dyadic literature from several subdisciplines within aging research. We first define key concepts and terms so that interested researchers can navigate the complex and various ways in which dyadic health research is conducted. We discuss exciting scientific advances and close by identifying crucial challenges and considerations that coincide with important future directions for the field.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stephanie J Wilson
- Department of Psychology, Southern Methodist University, Dallas, Texas, USA
| | - Joshua R Novak
- Department of Human Development and Family Science, Auburn University, Auburn, Alabama, USA
| | | | - Lynn M Martire
- Department of Human Development and Family Studies, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Karen S Lyons
- Connell School of Nursing, Boston College, Chestnut Hill, Massachusetts, USA
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Kim ES, Chopik WJ, Chen Y, Wilkinson R, VanderWeele TJ. United we thrive: friendship and subsequent physical, behavioural and psychosocial health in older adults (an outcome-wide longitudinal approach). Epidemiol Psychiatr Sci 2023; 32:e65. [PMID: 37964589 PMCID: PMC10689060 DOI: 10.1017/s204579602300077x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/10/2023] [Revised: 09/08/2023] [Accepted: 10/21/2023] [Indexed: 11/16/2023] Open
Abstract
AIMS Three factors converge to underscore the heightened importance of evaluating the potential health/well-being effects of friendships in older adulthood. First, policymakers, scientists, and the public alike are recognizing the importance of social relationships for health/well-being and creating national policies to promote social connection. Second, many populations are rapidly aging throughout the world. Third, we currently face what some call a 'friendship recession'. Although, growing research documents associations between friendship with better health and well-being, friendship can also have a 'dark side' and can potentially promote negative outcomes. To better capture friendship's potential heterogeneous effects, we took an outcome-wide analytic approach. METHODS We analysed data from 12,998 participants in the Health and Retirement Study (HRS) - a prospective and nationally representative cohort of U.S. adults aged >50, and, evaluated if increases in friendship strength (between t0; 2006/2008 and t1; 2010/2012) were associated with better health/well-being across 35 outcomes (in t2; 2014/2016). To assess friendship strength, we leveraged all available friendship items in HRS and created a composite 'friendship score' that assessed the following three domains: (1) friendship network size, (2) friendship network contact frequency and (3) friendship network quality. RESULTS Stronger friendships were associated with better outcomes on some indicators of physical health (e.g. reduced risk of mortality), health behaviours (e.g. increased physical activity) and nearly all psychosocial indicators (e.g. higher positive affect and mastery, as well as lower negative affect and risk of depression). Friendship was also associated with increased likelihood of smoking and heavy drinking (although the latter association with heavy drinking did not reach conventional levels of statistical significance). CONCLUSIONS Our findings indicate that stronger friendships can have a dual impact on health and well-being. While stronger friendships appear to mainly promote a range of health and well-being outcomes, stronger friendships might also promote negative outcomes. Additional research is needed, and any future friendship interventions and policies that aim to enhance outcomes should focus on how to amplify positive outcomes while mitigating harmful ones.
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Affiliation(s)
- E. S. Kim
- Department of Psychology, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada
- Human Flourishing Program, Institute for Quantitative Social Science, Harvard University, Cambridge, MA, USA
- Lee Kum Sheung Center for Health and Happiness, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA
| | - W. J. Chopik
- Department of Psychology, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI, USA
| | - Y. Chen
- Human Flourishing Program, Institute for Quantitative Social Science, Harvard University, Cambridge, MA, USA
- Department of Epidemiology, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA
| | - R. Wilkinson
- Human Flourishing Program, Institute for Quantitative Social Science, Harvard University, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - T. J. VanderWeele
- Human Flourishing Program, Institute for Quantitative Social Science, Harvard University, Cambridge, MA, USA
- Department of Epidemiology, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA
- Department of Biostatistics, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA
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Kanamori Y, Ide-Okochi A. Meaning of community activity participation for older adults in couple households. Int J Nurs Sci 2023; 10:468-475. [PMID: 38020833 PMCID: PMC10667302 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijnss.2023.09.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2023] [Revised: 08/09/2023] [Accepted: 09/12/2023] [Indexed: 12/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Objective Currently, 65.3% of older adults in Japan live in couple households. If one partner dies, the other may be unable to reconstruct their lifestyles, have health problems, or become isolated. Participation in community activities helps them maintain physical, mental, and social health. This study aimed to clarify the meaning of participation in community activities among older adults in couple households. Methods Semi-structured individual interviews were used to collect data. In February 2019, six adults aged 65 and above who had lived with their spouses for at least one year and continuously participated in community activities were interviewed in Miyazaki City, Japan. Data were analyzed using the KJ method (a qualitative method that organizes ideas in a bottom-up fashion developed by Kawakita Jiro), supervised by a professional instructor. Results The results revealed seven symbols using this method: 1) building a cooperative relationship with a spouse: respect the willingness to work hard for members; 2) consideration for relationships with other organizations: pay attention to every detail; 3) proactive attitude: don't leave everything to others, 4) attitude of questioning one's way of being: myself in connection to others, 5) connection among participants: increased awareness directed toward others, 6) spiritual fulfillment: time, place, and opportunity for outings, 7) physical and mental self-control for continued community activities: growing awareness of health care. Conclusions For older adults in couple households, it is found that participation in community activities helps them receive support from their spouses and gain a proactive attitude, and the connection between participants contributes to physical and mental control and also improves their health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yumie Kanamori
- School of Health Sciences, Kumamoto University, Kumamoto City, Japan
| | - Ayako Ide-Okochi
- School of Health Sciences, Kumamoto University, Kumamoto City, Japan
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Adegboyega A, Aroh A, Williams LB, Mudd-Martin G. Social support and cervical cancer screening among sub-Saharan African immigrant (SAI) women. Cancer Causes Control 2022; 33:823-830. [PMID: 35426540 DOI: 10.1007/s10552-022-01577-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/23/2021] [Accepted: 03/19/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Low rates of Papanicolaou (Pap) screening among sub-Saharan African immigrant (SAI) women in the US contribute to cancer diagnoses at late stages and high mortality rates. This study was conducted to examine if social support, positively associated with preventive health practices, was predictive of Pap screening in a sample of SAI women. METHODS We conducted a cross-sectional study with SAI women who recently immigrated to the US. Participants completed a survey to assess ever having had Pap screening and social support using the Medical Outcomes Study Social Support Survey. RESULTS Among the 108 SAI women in our study, Pap screening uptake was 65.7%. Affectionate and positive social support were each associated with Pap screening [adjusted odds ratio (AOR) = 1.73 (1.05, 2.87) and 1.68 (1.01, 2.78), respectively]. DISCUSSION These findings suggest that consideration should be given to strengthening certain aspects of social support to increase uptake of Pap screening among SAI women.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adebola Adegboyega
- University of Kentucky, College of Nursing, Lexington, KY, 40536-0232, USA.
- University of Kentucky, 539 College of Nursing Building, Lexington, KY, 40536-0232, USA.
| | | | - Lovoria B Williams
- University of Kentucky, College of Nursing, Lexington, KY, 40536-0232, USA
| | - Gia Mudd-Martin
- University of Kentucky, College of Nursing, Lexington, KY, 40536-0232, USA
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Jolidon V. Gender inequality and mammography screening: Does living with a partner improve women's mammography uptake? Soc Sci Med 2022; 298:114875. [PMID: 35276623 DOI: 10.1016/j.socscimed.2022.114875] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/08/2021] [Revised: 01/29/2022] [Accepted: 02/27/2022] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
Macrolevel gender inequality is defined as the unequal distribution of power and resources between men and women shaped by macrolevel social structures and institutions. An emerging line of health research is emphasising its negative consequences on women's health and healthcare access. The present study examines how gender inequality contexts affect women's mammography screening uptake. It adopts a macrosociological and institutionalist approach on preventive healthcare use and compares women who live with a partner with those who do not. This is the first study to test the effect of macrolevel gender inequality on mammography uptake across the 26 Swiss cantons (i.e. regions). The Swiss cantons' autonomy to manage their political and healthcare systems, as provided by the federal system, offers an ideal setting for the comparative analysis of macrolevel factors. Data on 9724 women aged 50-70 from the Swiss Health Interview Survey (waves 2007, 2012 and 2017) is analysed. Multilevel logistic models estimate two canton-level indicators of gender inequality, the gender gaps in time use and full-time employment, and their association with mammography uptake, controlling for women's socioeconomic and demographic characteristics, health status and healthcare use. Cross-level interactions assess how these indicators moderate the mammography uptake of women living with and without a partner. Results show that in cantons with higher gender inequality, women have a lower probability of mammography uptake. Women who live with a partner have a higher mammography uptake than those who do not. However, this advantage is moderated by canton-level gender inequality, namely, women who live with a partner in more gender unequal cantons have a lower mammography uptake than their counterparts who reside in more gender equal cantons. Results support the hypothesis that macrolevel gender inequality moderates women's preventive healthcare uptake, from an institutionalist approach.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vladimir Jolidon
- Institute of Sociological Research, University of Geneva, 40 Bd du Pont-d'Arve, 1205, Genève, Switzerland.
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Jolidon V, De Prez V, Bracke P, Bell A, Burton-Jeangros C, Cullati S. Revisiting the Effects of Organized Mammography Programs on Inequalities in Breast Screening Uptake: A Multilevel Analysis of Nationwide Data From 1997 to 2017. Front Public Health 2022; 10:812776. [PMID: 35198524 PMCID: PMC8858931 DOI: 10.3389/fpubh.2022.812776] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2021] [Accepted: 01/13/2022] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
Abstract
This study revisits the effects of mammography screening programs on inequalities in breast screening uptake in Switzerland. The progressive introduction of regional mammography programs by 12 out of the 26 Swiss cantons (regions) since 1999 offers an opportunity to perform an ecological quasi-experimental study. We examine absolute income and marital status inequalities in mammography uptake, and whether the cantons' implementation of mammography programs moderate these inequalities, as previous research has devoted little attention to this. We use five waves of the Swiss Health Interview Survey covering the 1997-2017 period and comprising data on 14,267 women aged 50-70. Both up-to-date and ever-screening outcomes are analyzed with multilevel models which assess the mammography programs' within-canton effect. Findings show that higher income women and married women (compared to unmarried women) had significantly higher mammography uptake probabilities. Mammography programs did not moderate absolute income differences in up-to-date screening; however, they were associated with smaller absolute income differences in ever-screening uptake. Mammography programs related to higher screening uptake for married women, more than for unmarried women. In conclusion, we showed absolute income inequalities in mammography uptake which were not revealed by previous studies using relative inequality measures. Mammography programs may have contributed to reducing income inequalities in ever-screening, yet this was not observed for up-to-date screening. This study has implication for preventive health interventions-e.g., cancer screening promotion should pay attention to women's marital status since screening programs may widen the screening gap between married and unmarried women.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vladimir Jolidon
- Institute of Sociological Research, University of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland
| | | | - Piet Bracke
- Department of Sociology, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Andrew Bell
- Sheffield Methods Institute, University of Sheffield, Sheffield, United Kingdom
| | | | - Stéphane Cullati
- Institute of Sociological Research, University of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland
- Population Health Laboratory, University of Fribourg, Fribourg, Switzerland
- Department of Readaptation and Geriatrics, University of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland
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Lee HJ, Kim B. “Till Death Do Us Part”, Dying Matters, Beyond the Individual: Advance Care Planning Patterns Among Older Couples. J Aging Health 2022; 34:858-869. [DOI: 10.1177/08982643211068555] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
Objective We examined the formal and informal advance care planning (ACP) patterns of older couples and determined how these patterns are associated with individual and spousal characteristics. Methods Using data from the 2014 and 2016 Health and Retirement Study, we performed latent class analysis to identify ACP patterns and multinomial regression models to describe characteristics of older couples ( N = 2195 couples). Results We identified four ACP patterns: high engaging couple (47%); high engaging husband—low engaging wife (11%); high engaging wife—low engaging husband (11%); and low engaging couple (31%). High engaging couples were more likely to be older, educated, and financially better off, whereas high ACP engagement in discordant ACP patterns was associated with health and wives’ constraints. Discussion A couple-based approach was recommended to promote the merits of ACP where spouses were older, had limited resources, or where one or both partners were suffering from poor health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hyo Jung Lee
- Department of Sociology, School of Social Sciences, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore
| | - Bon Kim
- Department of Human Ecology & Welfare, Jeju National University, Jeju, South Korea
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Investigating the psychological impact of COVID-19 on healthcare workers in the intensive care unit. JOURNAL OF SURGERY AND MEDICINE 2022. [DOI: 10.28982/josam.1037054] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
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Salmon C, Parent MÉ, Quesnel-Vallée A, Barnett TA. A scoping review of social relationships and prostate cancer screening. Prev Med 2022; 154:106892. [PMID: 34798197 DOI: 10.1016/j.ypmed.2021.106892] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/18/2021] [Revised: 11/11/2021] [Accepted: 11/14/2021] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
According to current US recommendations, the choice to undergo screening for prostate cancer should be an individual one, after considering with a clinician the balance of harms and benefits, and the values and preferences in the decision. Social relationships may influence such a decision. The purpose of this scoping review was to map the evidence on the association between social relationships and prostate cancer screening in the epidemiological literature and to highlight gaps in knowledge. We performed a systematic search of all relevant articles published up to February 1st 2021. We used variations in search terms related to prostate cancer screening, as well as indicators of social relationships. From the 908 records identified, 19 studies, published in 2007-2020, were included. The most common indicator of social relationships was marital status. Overall, married men or men with a partner had a higher screening uptake. Church attendance, based on studies conducted in the United states, was also associated with screening. We found little evidence linking screening with parenthood status or perceived social support. The overall evidence points to a potentially causal association between social relationships and men's decision to undergo prostate cancer screening. More research is needed on the underlying mechanisms and on the potential barriers and facilitators for screening.
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Affiliation(s)
- Charlotte Salmon
- Epidemiology and Biostatistics Unit, Centre Armand-Frappier Santé Biotechnologie, Institut national de la recherche scientifique, University of Quebec, Laval, QC, Canada
| | - Marie-Élise Parent
- Epidemiology and Biostatistics Unit, Centre Armand-Frappier Santé Biotechnologie, Institut national de la recherche scientifique, University of Quebec, Laval, QC, Canada; Department of Social and Preventive Medicine, School of Public Health, University of Montreal, Montréal, QC, Canada
| | - Amélie Quesnel-Vallée
- Department of Sociology, Faculty of Arts, McGill University, Montréal, QC, Canada; Department of Epidemiology, Biostatistics and Occupational Health, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, McGill University, Montréal, QC, Canada
| | - Tracie A Barnett
- Epidemiology and Biostatistics Unit, Centre Armand-Frappier Santé Biotechnologie, Institut national de la recherche scientifique, University of Quebec, Laval, QC, Canada; Department of Family Medicine, McGill University, Montréal, QC, Canada; Sainte-Justine Research Centre, University of Montreal, Montréal, QC, Canada.
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Rehman U, Shahnawaz MG, Kashyap D, Gupta K, Kharshiing KD, Khursheed M, Khan NH, Uniyal R. Risk perception, social distancing, and distress during COVID-19 pandemic: Exploring the role of online counseling and perceived social support. DEATH STUDIES 2021; 47:1-11. [PMID: 34842068 DOI: 10.1080/07481187.2021.2006826] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
The study explored the relationship between social distancing and distress along with risk factors of social distancing. Further, online counseling/mental health services and perceived social support were tested as possible moderators between social distancing and distress. Valid and reliable measures were used to collect the data from 300 Indian respondents. Process use of social networking platforms was found to significantly explain social distancing. Online counseling/mental health services and perceived social support moderated the relationship between social distancing and distress. Only 16% of the respondents used online mental health services during the study period. Lack of awareness and acceptance of these services were major barriers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Usama Rehman
- Department of Psychology, Aligarh Muslim University, Aligarh, India
| | | | - Drishti Kashyap
- Department of Psychology, Jamia Millia Islamia, New Delhi, India
| | - Kaveri Gupta
- Department of Psychology, Jamia Millia Islamia, New Delhi, India
| | | | - Masrat Khursheed
- Department of Psychology, Jamia Millia Islamia, New Delhi, India
| | - Neda Haseeb Khan
- Department of Psychology, Jamia Millia Islamia, New Delhi, India
| | - Ritika Uniyal
- Department of Psychology, Jamia Millia Islamia, New Delhi, India
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Paykani T, Zimet GD, Esmaeili R, Khajedaluee AR, Khajedaluee M. Perceived social support and compliance with stay-at-home orders during the COVID-19 outbreak: evidence from Iran. BMC Public Health 2020; 20:1650. [PMID: 33148209 PMCID: PMC7609821 DOI: 10.1186/s12889-020-09759-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2020] [Accepted: 10/25/2020] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Strong evidence demonstrates that social support plays a key role in facilitating preventive health behaviors. The aim of the current study was to assess the effects of perceived social support on compliance with stay-at-home orders in response to a COVID-19 outbreak during the Persian New Year (Nowruz) holydays, since Nowruz holidays of 2020 coincided with the peak of the coronavirus epidemic in Iran. METHODS This cross-sectional survey was carried out based on phone interviews of 1073 adults aged over 18 years from 4 to 12 April 2020 in Mashhad, Khorasan-Razavi Province, as the second largest city of Iran. A systematic random sampling was carried out using fixed phone number lists provided by Telecommunication Company of Khorasan-Razavi Province. Phone interviews were carried out by trained interviewers from the Iranian Students Polling Agency (ISPA) at various times of the day. The survey included sociodemographic questions, perceived social support scale (MSPSS) and questions about self-isolation during the Nowruz holiday. Statistical analysis included Chi-square test, Mann-Whitney test and multivariate logistic regression. RESULTS 20.5% of participants reported poor compliance with stay at home orders during the first 2 weeks of Nowruz. Clear social gradients were not found in stay-at-home compliance. When controlling socio-demographic factors, perceived social support, interestingly, both fostered and hindered people's compliance with stay at home orders, depending on the source of support from family members (OR = .874, 95% CI = .803, .950, p < .005), friends (OR = 1.147, 95% CI = 1.076, 1.222, p < .001) and a significant other person (OR = .926, 95% CI = .849, 1.010, p = .084). CONCLUSIONS Public health messaging may need to emphasize the role that friends and families can play in helping to protect those in their friendship/family groups by promoting compliance with social distancing. Further in-depth studies are recommended to evaluate how this kind of messaging can most effectively encourage people to engage in social distancing practices.
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Affiliation(s)
- Toktam Paykani
- Social Development and Health Promotion Research Center, Gonabad University of Medical Sciences, Gonabad, Iran
| | - Gregory D Zimet
- Department of Pediatrics, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, USA
| | - Reza Esmaeili
- Social Development and Health Promotion Research Center, Gonabad University of Medical Sciences, Gonabad, Iran
| | | | - Mohammad Khajedaluee
- Department of Community Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran.
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