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Sato K, Yumioka H, Isoyama J, Dohi K, Yamanaka A, Ohashi T, Misaki R, Fujiyama K. High accumulation of the Man 5GlcNAc 2 structure by combining N-acetylglucosaminyltransferase I gene suppression and mannosidase I gene overexpression in Nicotiana tabacum SR1. J Biosci Bioeng 2023:S1389-1723(23)00142-1. [PMID: 37311682 DOI: 10.1016/j.jbiosc.2023.05.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/19/2023] [Revised: 05/01/2023] [Accepted: 05/17/2023] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
High accumulation of a single high-mannose glycan structure is important to ensure the quality of therapeutic proteins. We developed a glyco-engineering strategy for ensuring high accumulation of the Man5GlcNAc2 structure by combining N-acetylglucosaminyltransferase I (GnT I) gene suppression and mannosidase I (Man I) gene overexpression. Nicotiana tabacum SR1 was used as the glyco-engineered host owing to the lower risk of pathogenic contamination than that in mammalian cells. We generated three glyco-engineered plant strains (gnt, gnt-MANA1, and gnt-MANA2) with suppression of GnT I or the combined suppression of GnT I and overexpression of Man I A1 or A2. The quantitative reverse transcriptase-PCR analysis showed a higher level of upregulation of Man I expression in gnt-MANA1/A2 plants than in the wild-type plants. Man I activity assay showed that the gnt-MANA1 plants had a higher Man I activity than did the wild-type and gnt-MANA2 plants. N-glycan analysis independently performed on two plants of each plant strain showed that gnt-MANA1 plants had a low abundance of the Man6-9GlcNAc2 structure (2.8%, 7.1%) and high abundance of the Man5GlcNAc2 structure (80.0%, 82.8%) compared with those in the wild-type and gnt plants. These results indicated that GnT I knockdown suppressed further modification of the Man5GlcNAc2 structure, and Man I overexpression enhanced the conversion of Man6-9GlcNAc2 structures to the Man5GlcNAc2 structure. The developed glyco-engineered plants have potential for serving as novel expression hosts for therapeutic proteins.
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Affiliation(s)
- Keigo Sato
- International Center for Biotechnology, Osaka University, 2-1 Yamada-oka, Suita, Osaka 565-0871, Japan
| | - Hitomi Yumioka
- International Center for Biotechnology, Osaka University, 2-1 Yamada-oka, Suita, Osaka 565-0871, Japan
| | - Junko Isoyama
- International Center for Biotechnology, Osaka University, 2-1 Yamada-oka, Suita, Osaka 565-0871, Japan
| | - Koji Dohi
- International Center for Biotechnology, Osaka University, 2-1 Yamada-oka, Suita, Osaka 565-0871, Japan
| | - Akihiro Yamanaka
- International Center for Biotechnology, Osaka University, 2-1 Yamada-oka, Suita, Osaka 565-0871, Japan
| | - Takao Ohashi
- International Center for Biotechnology, Osaka University, 2-1 Yamada-oka, Suita, Osaka 565-0871, Japan
| | - Ryo Misaki
- International Center for Biotechnology, Osaka University, 2-1 Yamada-oka, Suita, Osaka 565-0871, Japan
| | - Kazuhito Fujiyama
- International Center for Biotechnology, Osaka University, 2-1 Yamada-oka, Suita, Osaka 565-0871, Japan.
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2
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Chen YH, Tian W, Yasuda M, Ye Z, Song M, Mandel U, Kristensen C, Povolo L, Marques ARA, Čaval T, Heck AJR, Sampaio JL, Johannes L, Tsukimura T, Desnick R, Vakhrushev SY, Yang Z, Clausen H. A universal GlycoDesign for lysosomal replacement enzymes to improve circulation time and biodistribution. Front Bioeng Biotechnol 2023; 11:1128371. [PMID: 36911201 PMCID: PMC9999025 DOI: 10.3389/fbioe.2023.1128371] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2022] [Accepted: 02/06/2023] [Indexed: 03/14/2023] Open
Abstract
Currently available enzyme replacement therapies for lysosomal storage diseases are limited in their effectiveness due in part to short circulation times and suboptimal biodistribution of the therapeutic enzymes. We previously engineered Chinese hamster ovary (CHO) cells to produce α-galactosidase A (GLA) with various N-glycan structures and demonstrated that elimination of mannose-6-phosphate (M6P) and conversion to homogeneous sialylated N-glycans prolonged circulation time and improved biodistribution of the enzyme following a single-dose infusion into Fabry mice. Here, we confirmed these findings using repeated infusions of the glycoengineered GLA into Fabry mice and further tested whether this glycoengineering approach, Long-Acting-GlycoDesign (LAGD), could be implemented on other lysosomal enzymes. LAGD-engineered CHO cells stably expressing a panel of lysosomal enzymes [aspartylglucosamine (AGA), beta-glucuronidase (GUSB), cathepsin D (CTSD), tripeptidyl peptidase (TPP1), alpha-glucosidase (GAA) or iduronate 2-sulfatase (IDS)] successfully converted all M6P-containing N-glycans to complex sialylated N-glycans. The resulting homogenous glycodesigns enabled glycoprotein profiling by native mass spectrometry. Notably, LAGD extended the plasma half-life of all three enzymes tested (GLA, GUSB, AGA) in wildtype mice. LAGD may be widely applicable to lysosomal replacement enzymes to improve their circulatory stability and therapeutic efficacy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yen-Hsi Chen
- Copenhagen Center for Glycomics, Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark.,GlycoDisplay ApS, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Weihua Tian
- Copenhagen Center for Glycomics, Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark.,Department of Biotechnology and Biomedicine, Technical University of Denmark, Lyngby, Denmark
| | - Makiko Yasuda
- Department of Genetics and Genomic Sciences, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, United States
| | - Zilu Ye
- Copenhagen Center for Glycomics, Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark.,Novo Nordisk Foundation Center for Protein Research, Proteomics Program, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Ming Song
- Copenhagen Center for Glycomics, Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Ulla Mandel
- Copenhagen Center for Glycomics, Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | | | - Lorenzo Povolo
- Copenhagen Center for Glycomics, Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | | | - Tomislav Čaval
- Copenhagen Center for Glycomics, Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark.,Biomolecular Mass Spectrometry and Proteomics, Bijvoet Center for Biomolecular Research and Utrecht Institute for Pharmaceutical Sciences, Science4Life, Utrecht University and Netherlands Proteomics Centre, Utrecht, Netherlands
| | - Albert J R Heck
- Biomolecular Mass Spectrometry and Proteomics, Bijvoet Center for Biomolecular Research and Utrecht Institute for Pharmaceutical Sciences, Science4Life, Utrecht University and Netherlands Proteomics Centre, Utrecht, Netherlands
| | - Julio Lopes Sampaio
- Institut Curie, PSL Research University, Cellular and Chemical Biology, U1143 INSERM, UMR3666 CNRS, Paris, France
| | - Ludger Johannes
- Institut Curie, PSL Research University, Cellular and Chemical Biology, U1143 INSERM, UMR3666 CNRS, Paris, France
| | - Takahiro Tsukimura
- Department of Genetics and Genomic Sciences, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, United States.,Department of Functional Bioanalysis, Meiji Pharmaceutical University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Robert Desnick
- Department of Genetics and Genomic Sciences, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, United States
| | - Sergey Y Vakhrushev
- Copenhagen Center for Glycomics, Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Zhang Yang
- Copenhagen Center for Glycomics, Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark.,Novo Nordisk AS, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Henrik Clausen
- Copenhagen Center for Glycomics, Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
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3
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Farahbakhshian S, Inocencio TJ, Poorman G, Wright E, Pathak RR, Bullano M. Re: Response letter to Sanofi's communication related to "the budget impact of enzyme replacement therapy in type 1 Gaucher disease in the United States". J Med Econ 2023; 26:581-583. [PMID: 37068171 DOI: 10.1080/13696998.2023.2197785] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/19/2023]
Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Ekaterina Wright
- US Medical, Takeda Pharmaceuticals U.S.A., Inc., Lexington, MA, USA
| | | | - Michael Bullano
- US Medical, Takeda Pharmaceuticals U.S.A., Inc., Lexington, MA, USA
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4
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Huang A, Kurhade SE, Ross P, Apley KD, Griffin JD, Berkland CJ, Farrell MP. Disrupting N-Glycosylation Using Type I Mannosidase Inhibitors Alters B-Cell Receptor Signaling. ACS Pharmacol Transl Sci 2022; 5:1062-1069. [PMID: 36407961 PMCID: PMC9667535 DOI: 10.1021/acsptsci.2c00153] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Kifunensine is a known inhibitor of type I α-mannosidase enzymes and has been shown to have therapeutic potential for a variety of diseases and application in the expression of high-mannose N-glycan bearing glycoproteins; however, the compound's hydrophilic nature limits its efficacy. We previously synthesized two hydrophobic acylated derivatives of kifunensine, namely, JDW-II-004 and JDW-II-010, and found that these compounds were over 75-fold more potent than kifunensine. Here we explored the effects of these compounds on different mice and human B cells, and we demonstrate that they affected the cells in a similar fashion to kifunensine, further demonstrating their functional equivalence to kifunensine in assays utilizing primary cells. Specifically, a dose-dependent increase in the formation of high-mannose N-glycans decorated glycoproteins were observed upon treatment with kifunensine, JDW-II-004, and JDW-II-010, but greater potency was observed with the acylated derivatives. Treatment with kifunensine or the acylated derivatives also resulted in impaired B-cell receptor (BCR) signaling of the primary mouse B cells; however, primary human B cells treated with kifunensine or JDW-II-004 did not affect BCR signaling, while a modest increase in BCR signaling was observed upon treatment with JDW-010. Nevertheless, these findings demonstrate that the hydrophobic acylated derivatives of kifunensine can help overcome the mass-transfer limitations of the parent compound, and they may have applications for the treatment of ERAD-related diseases or prove to be more cost-effective alternatives for the generation and production of high-mannose N-glycan bearing glycoproteins.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aric Huang
- Department
of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, The University
of Kansas, Lawrence, Kansas 66047, United States
| | - Suresh E. Kurhade
- Department
of Medicinal Chemistry, The University of
Kansas, Lawrence, Kansas 66047, United
States
| | - Patrick Ross
- Department
of Medicinal Chemistry, The University of
Kansas, Lawrence, Kansas 66047, United
States
| | - Kyle D. Apley
- Department
of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, The University
of Kansas, Lawrence, Kansas 66047, United States
| | | | - Cory J. Berkland
- Department
of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, The University
of Kansas, Lawrence, Kansas 66047, United States
- Bioengineering
Program, The University of Kansas, Lawrence, Kansas 66045, United States
- Department
of Chemical and Petroleum Engineering, University
of Kansas, Lawrence, Kansas 66045, United
States
| | - Mark P. Farrell
- Department
of Medicinal Chemistry, The University of
Kansas, Lawrence, Kansas 66047, United
States
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5
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Dammen-Brower K, Epler P, Zhu S, Bernstein ZJ, Stabach PR, Braddock DT, Spangler JB, Yarema KJ. Strategies for Glycoengineering Therapeutic Proteins. Front Chem 2022; 10:863118. [PMID: 35494652 PMCID: PMC9043614 DOI: 10.3389/fchem.2022.863118] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/26/2022] [Accepted: 03/25/2022] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Almost all therapeutic proteins are glycosylated, with the carbohydrate component playing a long-established, substantial role in the safety and pharmacokinetic properties of this dominant category of drugs. In the past few years and moving forward, glycosylation is increasingly being implicated in the pharmacodynamics and therapeutic efficacy of therapeutic proteins. This article provides illustrative examples of drugs that have already been improved through glycoengineering including cytokines exemplified by erythropoietin (EPO), enzymes (ectonucleotide pyrophosphatase 1, ENPP1), and IgG antibodies (e.g., afucosylated Gazyva®, Poteligeo®, Fasenra™, and Uplizna®). In the future, the deliberate modification of therapeutic protein glycosylation will become more prevalent as glycoengineering strategies, including sophisticated computer-aided tools for “building in” glycans sites, acceptance of a broad range of production systems with various glycosylation capabilities, and supplementation methods for introducing non-natural metabolites into glycosylation pathways further develop and become more accessible.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kris Dammen-Brower
- Translational Tissue Engineering Center, Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, United States
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, The Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, United States
| | - Paige Epler
- Translational Tissue Engineering Center, Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, United States
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, The Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, United States
| | - Stanley Zhu
- Translational Tissue Engineering Center, Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, United States
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, The Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, United States
| | - Zachary J. Bernstein
- Translational Tissue Engineering Center, Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, United States
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, The Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, United States
| | - Paul R. Stabach
- Department of Pathology, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, United States
| | - Demetrios T. Braddock
- Department of Pathology, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, United States
| | - Jamie B. Spangler
- Translational Tissue Engineering Center, Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, United States
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, The Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, United States
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, The Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, United States
- Department of Oncology, Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, United States
- Bloomberg-Kimmel Institute for Cancer Immunotherapy, Sidney Kimmel Comprehensive Cancer Center, Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, United States
- Department of Ophthalmology, Wilmer Eye Institute, Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, United States
- Department of Molecular Microbiology and Immunology, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, MD, United States
| | - Kevin J. Yarema
- Translational Tissue Engineering Center, Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, United States
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, The Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, United States
- *Correspondence: Kevin J. Yarema,
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6
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Sagara R, Ishigaki M, Otsuka M, Murayama K, Ida H, Fernandez J. Long-term safety and effectiveness of velaglucerase alfa in Gaucher disease: 6-year interim analysis of a post-marketing surveillance in Japan. Orphanet J Rare Dis 2021; 16:502. [PMID: 34863216 PMCID: PMC8642863 DOI: 10.1186/s13023-021-02119-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/25/2021] [Accepted: 11/06/2021] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Gaucher disease (GD) is caused by reduced lysosomal enzyme β-glucocerebrosidase activity. Heterogeneous genotypes and phenotypes have been observed within GD types and across ethnicities. Enzyme replacement therapy is generally recommended for patients with type 1 GD, the least severe form of GD. In Japan, velaglucerase alfa has a broad indication covering type 1, 2 or 3 GD. METHODS: All patients with type 1, 2, or 3 GD administered velaglucerase alfa 60 U/kg every 2 weeks via intravenous infusion after its launch date in Japan in 2014, were enrolled in a non-interventional, observational post-marketing surveillance (PMS). Individual patient data were reported via case report forms (CRFs). Key safety endpoints investigated included the incidence of infusion-related reactions (IRRs), the safety of velaglucerase alfa in patients with types 2 and 3 GD, from patients under one year of age to elderly patients (≥ 65 years of age). Long-term efficacy was also assessed. RESULTS: In total, 53 patients with GD were registered. CRFs were available for 41 (77.4%) patients at the 6-year interim analysis. Fourteen adverse drug reactions (ADRs) were reported in seven patients. All reported ADRs occurred in patients with type 2 GD. ADRs were reported by 63.6% (7/11) of patients with type 2 GD. Ten ADRs were reported in five patients aged < 4 years. No elderly patients experienced any ADR during the surveillance period. Five ADRs occurring in three (10.0%) patients were classified as IRRs, with one case of vomiting (moderate severity) resulting in treatment discontinuation. Ten serious adverse events were reported in five (16.7%) patients. Three fatal events were considered to be unrelated to treatment with velaglucerase alfa. Platelet counts increased after the administration of velaglucerase alfa and were generally maintained within the normal range over the administration period. Among eleven patients tested for neutralizing anti-velaglucerase alfa antibodies, two (18.2%) were assessed as positive results. CONCLUSION: PMS data from patients with types 1-3 GD in Japan indicate that long-term treatment with velaglucerase alfa was well-tolerated and associated with increased platelet counts, which is consistent with observations made in studies outside of Japan. TRIAL REGISTRATION NCT03625882 registered July 2014.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rieko Sagara
- Japan Medical Office, Takeda Pharmaceutical Company Limited, 2-1-1, Nihonbashi-honcho, Chuo-ku, Tokyo, 103-8668, Japan.
| | - Masahide Ishigaki
- Japan Medical Office, Takeda Pharmaceutical Company Limited, 2-1-1, Nihonbashi-honcho, Chuo-ku, Tokyo, 103-8668, Japan
| | - Manami Otsuka
- Japan Medical Office, Takeda Pharmaceutical Company Limited, 2-1-1, Nihonbashi-honcho, Chuo-ku, Tokyo, 103-8668, Japan
| | - Kei Murayama
- Department of Metabolism, Chiba Children's Hospital, 579-1, Heta-cho Midori-ku, Chiba, 266-0007, Japan
| | - Hiroyuki Ida
- The Jikei University Hospital, 3-19-18 Nishi-shinbashi, Minato-ku, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Jovelle Fernandez
- Japan Medical Office, Takeda Pharmaceutical Company Limited, 2-1-1, Nihonbashi-honcho, Chuo-ku, Tokyo, 103-8668, Japan
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7
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Dinur T, Grittner U, Revel-Vilk S, Becker-Cohen M, Istaiti M, Cozma C, Rolfs A, Zimran A. Impact of Long-Term Enzyme Replacement Therapy on Glucosylsphingosine (Lyso-Gb1) Values in Patients with Type 1 Gaucher Disease: Statistical Models for Comparing Three Enzymatic Formulations. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms22147699. [PMID: 34299318 PMCID: PMC8307068 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22147699] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/22/2021] [Revised: 07/12/2021] [Accepted: 07/16/2021] [Indexed: 01/14/2023] Open
Abstract
For three decades, enzyme replacement therapy (ERT), and more recently, substrate reduction therapy, have been the standard-of-care for type I Gaucher disease (GD1). Since 2012, three different ERTs have been available. No clinical trial or academic study has ever compared these ERTs beyond one year. Herein we compare the impact of the ERTs on repeated measurements of glucosylsphingosine (lyso-Gb1; the most sensitive and GD-specific biomarker). A total of 135 adult patients (77 (57%) female) with GD1, followed from July 2014 to March 2020 and treated with a single ERT (imiglucerase (n = 41, 30.4%), taliglucerase alfa (n = 21, 15.6%) and velaglucerase alfa (n = 73, 54.1%)), were included. Disease severity was defined by genotypes (mild: N370S (c.1226A>G) homozygous and N370S/R496H (c.1604G) compound heterozygous; severe: all other genotypes) and by the severity score index (SSI; mild: <7; severe: ≥7). Lyso-Gb1 testing was performed at Centogene™ on dry blood spot samples collected during routine visits. Patients treated with imiglucerase had higher lyso-Gb1 levels at different time points. A huge variation in lyso-Gb1 levels was noticeable both inter-individually and intra-individually for all three ERTs. A steeper and faster decrease of lyso-Gb1 levels was shown in velaglucerase alfa. Nevertheless, the differences between medications were not very large, and bigger numbers and more pretreatment data are required for more powerful conclusions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tama Dinur
- Shaare Zedek Medical Center, Gaucher Unit, Jerusalem 9103102, Israel; (T.D.); (M.B.-C.); (M.I.); (A.Z.)
| | - Ulrike Grittner
- Berlin Institute of Health, Charité—Universitätsmedizin Berlin, 10117 Berlin, Germany;
- Institute of Biometry and Clinical Epidemiology, Charité—Universitätsmedizin Berlin, 10117 Berlin, Germany
- Centogene AG, 18055 Rostock, Germany;
| | - Shoshana Revel-Vilk
- Shaare Zedek Medical Center, Gaucher Unit, Jerusalem 9103102, Israel; (T.D.); (M.B.-C.); (M.I.); (A.Z.)
- Faculty of Medicine, Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Jerusalem 9112002, Israel
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +972-2-655-5673; Fax: +972-2-651-7979
| | - Michal Becker-Cohen
- Shaare Zedek Medical Center, Gaucher Unit, Jerusalem 9103102, Israel; (T.D.); (M.B.-C.); (M.I.); (A.Z.)
| | - Majdolen Istaiti
- Shaare Zedek Medical Center, Gaucher Unit, Jerusalem 9103102, Israel; (T.D.); (M.B.-C.); (M.I.); (A.Z.)
| | | | - Arndt Rolfs
- Medical Faculty, University of Rostock, 18051 Rostock, Germany;
| | - Ari Zimran
- Shaare Zedek Medical Center, Gaucher Unit, Jerusalem 9103102, Israel; (T.D.); (M.B.-C.); (M.I.); (A.Z.)
- Faculty of Medicine, Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Jerusalem 9112002, Israel
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8
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The interplay between Glucocerebrosidase, α-synuclein and lipids in human models of Parkinson's disease. Biophys Chem 2020; 273:106534. [PMID: 33832803 DOI: 10.1016/j.bpc.2020.106534] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2020] [Revised: 12/18/2020] [Accepted: 12/18/2020] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
Mutations in the gene GBA, encoding glucocerebrosidase (GCase), are the highest genetic risk factor for Parkinson's disease (PD). GCase is a lysosomal glycoprotein responsible for the hydrolysis of glucosylceramide into glucose and ceramide. Mutations in GBA cause a decrease in GCase activity, stability and protein levels which in turn lead to the accumulation of GCase lipid substrates as well as α-synuclein (αS) in vitro and in vivo. αS is the main constituent of Lewy bodies found in the brain of PD patients and an increase in its levels was found to be associated with a decrease in GCase activity/protein levels in vitro and in vivo. In this review, we describe the reported biophysical and biochemical changes that GBA mutations can induce in GCase activity and stability as well as the current overview of the levels of GCase protein/activity, αS and lipids measured in patient-derived samples including post-mortem brains, stem cell-derived neurons, cerebrospinal fluid, blood and fibroblasts as well as in SH-SY5Y cells. In particular, we report how the levels of αS and lipids are affected by/correlated to significant changes in GCase activity/protein levels and which cellular pathways are activated or disrupted by these changes in each model. Finally, we review the current strategies used to revert the changes in the levels of GCase activity/protein, αS and lipids in the context of PD.
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9
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Berger J, Vigan M, Pereira B, Nguyen TT, Froissart R, Belmatoug N, Dalbiès F, Masseau A, Rose C, Serratrice C, Pers YM, Bertchansky I, Camou F, Bengherbia M, Bourgne C, Caillaud C, Pettazzoni M, Berrahal A, Stirnemann J, Mentré F, Berger MG. Intra-monocyte Pharmacokinetics of Imiglucerase Supports a Possible Personalized Management of Gaucher Disease Type 1. Clin Pharmacokinet 2020; 58:469-482. [PMID: 30128966 DOI: 10.1007/s40262-018-0708-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES Intravenous imiglucerase enzyme replacement therapy for Gaucher disease type 1 administered every 2 weeks is at variance with the imiglucerase plasma half-life of a few minutes. We hypothesized that studying the pharmacokinetics of imiglucerase in blood Gaucher disease type 1 monocytes would be more relevant for understanding enzyme replacement therapy responses. METHODS Glucocerebrosidase intra-monocyte activity was studied by flow cytometry. The pharmacokinetics of imiglucerase was analyzed using a population-pharmacokinetic model from a cohort of 31 patients with Gaucher disease type 1 who either started or were receiving long-term treatment with imiglucerase. RESULTS A pharmacokinetic analysis of imiglucerase showed a two-compartment model with a high peak followed by a two-phase exponential decay (fast phase half-life: 0.36 days; slow phase half-life: 9.7 days) leading to a median 1.4-fold increase in glucocerebrosidase intra-monocyte activity from the pre-treatment activity (p = 0.04). In patients receiving long-term treatment, for whom the imiglucerase dose per infusion was chosen on the basis of disease aggressiveness/response, imiglucerase clearance correlated with the administered dose. However, the residual glucocerebrosidase intra-monocyte activity value was dose independent, suggesting that the maintenance of imiglucerase residual activity is patient specific. Endogenous pre-treatment glucocerebrosidase intra-monocyte activity was the most informative single parameter for distinguishing patients without (n = 10) and with a clinical indication (n = 17) for starting enzyme replacement therapy (area under the receiver operating characteristic curve: 0.912; 95% confidence interval 0.8-1; p < 0.001), as confirmed also by a factorial analysis of mixed data. CONCLUSION This study provides novel pharmacokinetic data that support current imiglucerase administration regimens and suggests the existence of a glucocerebrosidase activity threshold related to Gaucher disease type 1 aggressiveness. These findings can potentially improve Gaucher disease type 1 management algorithms and clinical decision making.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juliette Berger
- Hématologie Biologique, CHU Clermont-Ferrand, CHU Estaing, 1 place Lucie et Raymond Aubrac, 63003, Clermont-Ferrand Cedex 1, France
- Université Clermont Auvergne, Equipe d'Accueil 7453 CHELTER, CHU Estaing, 1 place Lucie et Raymond Aubrac, 63003, Clermont-Ferrand Cedex 1, France
- CHU Clermont-Ferrand, CHU Estaing, CRB Auvergne, 1 place Lucie et Raymond Aubrac, 63003, Clermont-Ferrand Cedex 1, France
| | - Marie Vigan
- INSERM and University Paris Diderot, IAME, UMR 1137, Paris, France
- AP-HP, Department of Epidemiology, Biostatistic and Clinical Research, Bichat Hospital, 75018, Paris, France
| | - Bruno Pereira
- CHU Clermont-Ferrand, DRCI, CHU Montpied, 58 rue Montalembert, 63003, Clermont-Ferrand Cedex 1, France
| | - Thu Thuy Nguyen
- INSERM and University Paris Diderot, IAME, UMR 1137, Paris, France
| | - Roseline Froissart
- Hospices Civils de Lyon, Centre de Biologie et de Pathologie Est, Unité des Maladies Héréditaires du Métabolisme et Dépistage Néonatal, Service de Biochimie et Biologie Moléculaire Grand Est, 69677, Bron, France
| | - Nadia Belmatoug
- Médecine Interne, AP-HP, Hôpital Beaujon, 100 boulevard Général Leclerc, 92110, Clichy, France
| | - Florence Dalbiès
- Hématologie, CHRU Brest site Hôpital Morvan, 5 avenue Maréchal Foch, 29200, Brest, France
| | - Agathe Masseau
- Médecine Interne, CHU de Nantes, Hôtel-Dieu, 44093, Nantes, France
| | - Christian Rose
- Onco-Hématologie, Hôpital Saint-Vincent de Paul, boulevard de Belfort, 59000, Lille, France
| | - Christine Serratrice
- Hôpitaux Universitaires de Genève, Département de Médecine Interne, Hôpital des Trois-Chêne, Chemin du Pont-Bochet 3, Thônex, 1226, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Yves-Marie Pers
- Clinical Immunology and Osteoarticular Diseases Therapeutic Unit, Lapeyronie University Hospital, 371 avenue du Doyen-Gaston-Giraud, 34295, Montpellier, France
| | - Ivan Bertchansky
- INSERM U1183, Saint-Eloi University Hospital, Montpellier, France
| | - Fabrice Camou
- Service de Médecine Interne et Maladies Infectieuses, CHU Bordeaux, Groupe Hospitalier Sud, avenue Magellan, 33604, Pessac Cedex, France
| | - Monia Bengherbia
- Médecine Interne, AP-HP, Hôpital Beaujon, 100 boulevard Général Leclerc, 92110, Clichy, France
| | - Céline Bourgne
- Hématologie Biologique, CHU Clermont-Ferrand, CHU Estaing, 1 place Lucie et Raymond Aubrac, 63003, Clermont-Ferrand Cedex 1, France
- Université Clermont Auvergne, Equipe d'Accueil 7453 CHELTER, CHU Estaing, 1 place Lucie et Raymond Aubrac, 63003, Clermont-Ferrand Cedex 1, France
| | - Catherine Caillaud
- INSERM U1151, Institut Necker Enfants Malades, Université Paris Descartes, Paris, France
- AP-HP, Hôpital Universitaire Necker Enfants Malades, Laboratoire de Biochimie, Métabolomique et Protéomique, 149 rue de Sèvres, 75005, Paris, France
| | - Magali Pettazzoni
- Hospices Civils de Lyon, Centre de Biologie et de Pathologie Est, Unité des Maladies Héréditaires du Métabolisme et Dépistage Néonatal, Service de Biochimie et Biologie Moléculaire Grand Est, 69677, Bron, France
| | - Amina Berrahal
- Hématologie Biologique, CHU Clermont-Ferrand, CHU Estaing, 1 place Lucie et Raymond Aubrac, 63003, Clermont-Ferrand Cedex 1, France
| | - Jérôme Stirnemann
- Département de Médecine Interne, Hôpitaux Universitaires de Genève, Gabrielle Perret Gentil 4, 1211, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - France Mentré
- INSERM and University Paris Diderot, IAME, UMR 1137, Paris, France
- AP-HP, Department of Epidemiology, Biostatistic and Clinical Research, Bichat Hospital, 75018, Paris, France
| | - Marc G Berger
- Hématologie Biologique, CHU Clermont-Ferrand, CHU Estaing, 1 place Lucie et Raymond Aubrac, 63003, Clermont-Ferrand Cedex 1, France.
- Université Clermont Auvergne, Equipe d'Accueil 7453 CHELTER, CHU Estaing, 1 place Lucie et Raymond Aubrac, 63003, Clermont-Ferrand Cedex 1, France.
- CHU Clermont-Ferrand, CHU Estaing, CRB Auvergne, 1 place Lucie et Raymond Aubrac, 63003, Clermont-Ferrand Cedex 1, France.
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10
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Rowland RJ, Wu L, Liu F, Davies GJ. A baculoviral system for the production of human β-glucocerebrosidase enables atomic resolution analysis. Acta Crystallogr D Struct Biol 2020; 76:565-580. [PMID: 32496218 PMCID: PMC7271948 DOI: 10.1107/s205979832000501x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/17/2019] [Accepted: 04/09/2020] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
The lysosomal glycoside hydrolase β-glucocerebrosidase (GBA; sometimes called GBA1 or GCase) catalyses the hydrolysis of glycosphingolipids. Inherited deficiencies in GBA cause the lysosomal storage disorder Gaucher disease (GD). Consequently, GBA is of considerable medical interest, with continuous advances in the development of inhibitors, chaperones and activity-based probes. The development of new GBA inhibitors requires a source of active protein; however, the majority of structural and mechanistic studies of GBA today rely on clinical enzyme-replacement therapy (ERT) formulations, which are incredibly costly and are often difficult to obtain in adequate supply. Here, the production of active crystallizable GBA in insect cells using a baculovirus expression system is reported, providing a nonclinical source of recombinant GBA with comparable activity and biophysical properties to ERT preparations. Furthermore, a novel crystal form of GBA is described which diffracts to give a 0.98 Å resolution unliganded structure. A structure in complex with the inactivator 2,4-dinitrophenyl-2-deoxy-2-fluoro-β-D-glucopyranoside was also obtained, demonstrating the ability of this GBA formulation to be used in ligand-binding studies. In light of its purity, stability and activity, the GBA production protocol described here should circumvent the need for ERT formulations for structural and biochemical studies and serve to support GD research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rhianna J. Rowland
- Department of Chemistry, York Structural Biology Laboratory, University of York, Heslington, York YO10 5DD, United Kingdom
| | - Liang Wu
- Department of Chemistry, York Structural Biology Laboratory, University of York, Heslington, York YO10 5DD, United Kingdom
| | - Feng Liu
- Department of Chemistry, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia V6T 1Z1, Canada
| | - Gideon J. Davies
- Department of Chemistry, York Structural Biology Laboratory, University of York, Heslington, York YO10 5DD, United Kingdom
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11
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Zhu H, Qiu C, Gryniewicz-Ruzicka CM, Keire DA, Ye H. Multiplexed Comparative Analysis of Intact Glycopeptides Using Electron-Transfer Dissociation and Synchronous Precursor Selection Based Triple-Stage Mass Spectrometry. Anal Chem 2020; 92:7547-7555. [PMID: 32374158 DOI: 10.1021/acs.analchem.0c00014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
A recently developed synchronous precursor selection (SPS) mass spectrometry to the third (MS3) protocol enables more accurate multiplexed quantification of proteins/peptides using tandem mass tags (TMT) through comparison of reporter ion intensities at the MS3 level. However, challenges still exist for TMT-based simultaneous quantification and identification of intact glycopeptides due to inefficient peptide backbone fragmentation when using collision-induced dissociation (CID). To overcome this limitation, here we report an improved SPS/ETD workflow for TMT-based intact glycopeptide quantification and identification. The SPS/ETD approach was implemented on an Orbitrap Tribrid mass spectrometer and begins with selection of a parent ion in the MS scan, followed by tandem mass spectrometry (MS2) fragmentation by CID in the ion trap. Following MS2 fragmentation, SPS enables simultaneous isolation of the top 10 MS2 fragment ions for further higher energy collisional dissociation (HCD) fragmentation with the resulting MS3 fragments detected in an Orbitrap analyzer. Here, in addition to the standard SPS workflow, an electron-transfer dissociation (ETD) MS2 was performed and analyzed in the ion trap. The resultant ETD and CID spectra were used for the identification of the intact glycopeptides, while the quantitative comparison of site-specific glycans was achieved utilizing TMT reporter ions from HCD MS3 spectra. For intact glycopeptides, through systematic optimization and evaluation using a glycoprotein interference model, the SPS/ETD approach was demonstrated to offer improved accuracy, precision, and sensitivity compared to traditional data-dependent MS2 quantification, while maintaining the glycopeptide identification capability. Finally, this workflow was applied for the site-specific quantitative comparison of the glycoforms for two therapeutic enzymes (Cerezyme and VPRIV) and their different lots. The results demonstrate that this workflow is suitable for TMT-based intact glycopeptide characterization of glycoproteins.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hongbin Zhu
- Division of Pharmaceutical Analysis, Center for Drug Evaluation and Research, U.S. Food and Drug Administration, 645 South Newstead Avenue, St. Louis, Missouri 63110, United States
| | - Chen Qiu
- Division of Pharmaceutical Analysis, Center for Drug Evaluation and Research, U.S. Food and Drug Administration, 645 South Newstead Avenue, St. Louis, Missouri 63110, United States
| | - Connie M Gryniewicz-Ruzicka
- Division of Pharmaceutical Analysis, Center for Drug Evaluation and Research, U.S. Food and Drug Administration, 645 South Newstead Avenue, St. Louis, Missouri 63110, United States
| | - David A Keire
- Division of Pharmaceutical Analysis, Center for Drug Evaluation and Research, U.S. Food and Drug Administration, 645 South Newstead Avenue, St. Louis, Missouri 63110, United States
| | - Hongping Ye
- Division of Pharmaceutical Analysis, Center for Drug Evaluation and Research, U.S. Food and Drug Administration, 645 South Newstead Avenue, St. Louis, Missouri 63110, United States
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12
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Toffoli M, Smith L, Schapira AHV. The biochemical basis of interactions between Glucocerebrosidase and alpha-synuclein in GBA1 mutation carriers. J Neurochem 2020; 154:11-24. [PMID: 31965564 DOI: 10.1111/jnc.14968] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2019] [Revised: 01/13/2020] [Accepted: 01/14/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
The discovery of genes involved in familial as well as sporadic forms of Parkinson disease (PD) constitutes an important milestone in understanding this disorder's pathophysiology and potential treatment. Among these genes, GBA1 is one of the most common and well-studied, but it is still unclear how mutations in GBA1 translate into an increased risk for developing PD. In this review, we provide an overview of the biochemical and structural relationship between GBA1 and PD to help understand the recent advances in the development of PD therapies intended to target this pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marco Toffoli
- Department of Clinical and Movement Neurosciences, University College London Queen Square Institute of Neurology, London, UK
| | - Laura Smith
- Department of Clinical and Movement Neurosciences, University College London Queen Square Institute of Neurology, London, UK
| | - Anthony H V Schapira
- Department of Clinical and Movement Neurosciences, University College London Queen Square Institute of Neurology, London, UK
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13
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The glycosylation design space for recombinant lysosomal replacement enzymes produced in CHO cells. Nat Commun 2019; 10:1785. [PMID: 31040271 PMCID: PMC6491494 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-019-09809-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/17/2018] [Accepted: 03/29/2019] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Lysosomal replacement enzymes are essential therapeutic options for rare congenital lysosomal enzyme deficiencies, but enzymes in clinical use are only partially effective due to short circulatory half-life and inefficient biodistribution. Replacement enzymes are primarily taken up by cell surface glycan receptors, and glycan structures influence uptake, biodistribution, and circulation time. It has not been possible to design and systematically study effects of different glycan features. Here we present a comprehensive gene engineering screen in Chinese hamster ovary cells that enables production of lysosomal enzymes with N-glycans custom designed to affect key glycan features guiding cellular uptake and circulation. We demonstrate distinct circulation time and organ distribution of selected glycoforms of α-galactosidase A in a Fabry disease mouse model, and find that an α2-3 sialylated glycoform designed to eliminate uptake by the mannose 6-phosphate and mannose receptors exhibits improved circulation time and targeting to hard-to-reach organs such as heart. The developed design matrix and engineered CHO cell lines enables systematic studies towards improving enzyme replacement therapeutics. Lysosomal replacement enzymes are taken up by cell surface receptors that recognize glycans, the effects of different glycan features are unknown. Here the authors present a gene engineering screen in CHO cells that allows custom N-glycan-decorated enzymes with improved circulation time and organ distribution.
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14
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Kommineni V, Markert M, Ren Z, Palle S, Carrillo B, Deng J, Tejeda A, Nandi S, McDonald KA, Marcel S, Holtz B. In Vivo Glycan Engineering via the Mannosidase I Inhibitor (Kifunensine) Improves Efficacy of Rituximab Manufactured in Nicotiana benthamiana Plants. Int J Mol Sci 2019; 20:E194. [PMID: 30621113 PMCID: PMC6337617 DOI: 10.3390/ijms20010194] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2018] [Revised: 12/20/2018] [Accepted: 01/02/2019] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
N-glycosylation has been shown to affect the pharmacokinetic properties of several classes of biologics, including monoclonal antibodies, blood factors, and lysosomal enzymes. In the last two decades, N-glycan engineering has been employed to achieve a N-glycosylation profile that is either more consistent or aligned with a specific improved activity (i.e., effector function or serum half-life). In particular, attention has focused on engineering processes in vivo or in vitro to alter the structure of the N-glycosylation of the Fc region of anti-cancer monoclonal antibodies in order to increase antibody-dependent cell-mediated cytotoxicity (ADCC). Here, we applied the mannosidase I inhibitor kifunensine to the Nicotiana benthamiana transient expression platform to produce an afucosylated anti-CD20 antibody (rituximab). We determined the optimal concentration of kifunensine used in the infiltration solution, 0.375 µM, which was sufficient to produce exclusively oligomannose glycoforms, at a concentration 14 times lower than previously published levels. The resulting afucosylated rituximab revealed a 14-fold increase in ADCC activity targeting the lymphoma cell line Wil2-S when compared with rituximab produced in the absence of kifunensine. When applied to the cost-effective and scalable N. benthamiana transient expression platform, the use of kifunensine allows simple in-process glycan engineering without the need for transgenic hosts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vally Kommineni
- iBio CDMO, LLC, 8800 Health Science Center Parkway, Bryan, TX 77807, USA.
| | - Matthew Markert
- iBio CDMO, LLC, 8800 Health Science Center Parkway, Bryan, TX 77807, USA.
| | - Zhongjie Ren
- iBio CDMO, LLC, 8800 Health Science Center Parkway, Bryan, TX 77807, USA.
| | - Sreenath Palle
- iBio CDMO, LLC, 8800 Health Science Center Parkway, Bryan, TX 77807, USA.
| | - Berenice Carrillo
- iBio CDMO, LLC, 8800 Health Science Center Parkway, Bryan, TX 77807, USA.
| | - Jasmine Deng
- iBio CDMO, LLC, 8800 Health Science Center Parkway, Bryan, TX 77807, USA.
| | - Armando Tejeda
- iBio CDMO, LLC, 8800 Health Science Center Parkway, Bryan, TX 77807, USA.
| | - Somen Nandi
- Global HealthShare® Initiative, University of California at Davis, Davis, CA 95616, USA.
- Department of Chemical Engineering, University of California at Davis, Davis, CA 95616, USA.
| | - Karen A McDonald
- Global HealthShare® Initiative, University of California at Davis, Davis, CA 95616, USA.
- Department of Chemical Engineering, University of California at Davis, Davis, CA 95616, USA.
| | - Sylvain Marcel
- iBio CDMO, LLC, 8800 Health Science Center Parkway, Bryan, TX 77807, USA.
| | - Barry Holtz
- iBio CDMO, LLC, 8800 Health Science Center Parkway, Bryan, TX 77807, USA.
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15
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Schulze S, Oltmanns A, Machnik N, Liu G, Xu N, Jarmatz N, Scholz M, Sugimoto K, Fufezan C, Huang K, Hippler M. N-Glycoproteomic Characterization of Mannosidase and Xylosyltransferase Mutant Strains of Chlamydomonasreinhardtii. PLANT PHYSIOLOGY 2018; 176:1952-1964. [PMID: 29288232 PMCID: PMC5841687 DOI: 10.1104/pp.17.01450] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/10/2017] [Accepted: 12/22/2017] [Indexed: 05/21/2023]
Abstract
At present, only little is known about the enzymatic machinery required for N-glycosylation in Chlamydomonas reinhardtii, leading to the formation of N-glycans harboring Xyl and methylated Man. This machinery possesses new enzymatic features, as C. reinhardtii N-glycans are independent of β1,2-N-acetylglucosaminyltransferase I. Here we have performed comparative N-glycoproteomic analyses of insertional mutants of mannosidase 1A (IM Man1A ) and xylosyltransferase 1A (IM XylT1A ). The disruption of man1A affected methylation of Man and the addition of terminal Xyl. The absence of XylT1A led to shorter N-glycans compared to the wild type. The use of a IM Man1A xIM XylT1A double mutant revealed that the absence of Man1A suppressed the IM XylT1A phenotype, indicating that the increased N-glycan trimming is regulated by core β1,2-Xyl and is dependent on Man1A activity. These data point toward an enzymatic cascade in the N-glycosylation pathway of C. reinhardtii with interlinked roles of Man1A and XylT1A. The results described herein represent the first step toward a functional characterization of the enzymatic N-glycosylation machinery in C. reinhardtii.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stefan Schulze
- Institute of Plant Biology and Biotechnology, University of Münster, Münster 48143, Germany
| | - Anne Oltmanns
- Institute of Plant Biology and Biotechnology, University of Münster, Münster 48143, Germany
| | - Nick Machnik
- Institute of Plant Biology and Biotechnology, University of Münster, Münster 48143, Germany
| | - Gai Liu
- Key Laboratory of Algal Biology, Institute of Hydrobiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, Hubei 430072, China
| | - Nannan Xu
- Key Laboratory of Algal Biology, Institute of Hydrobiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, Hubei 430072, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100039, China
| | - Niklas Jarmatz
- Institute of Plant Biology and Biotechnology, University of Münster, Münster 48143, Germany
| | - Martin Scholz
- Institute of Plant Biology and Biotechnology, University of Münster, Münster 48143, Germany
| | - Kazuhiko Sugimoto
- Institute of Plant Biology and Biotechnology, University of Münster, Münster 48143, Germany
| | - Christian Fufezan
- Institute of Plant Biology and Biotechnology, University of Münster, Münster 48143, Germany
| | - Kaiyao Huang
- Key Laboratory of Algal Biology, Institute of Hydrobiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, Hubei 430072, China
| | - Michael Hippler
- Institute of Plant Biology and Biotechnology, University of Münster, Münster 48143, Germany
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16
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17
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Smith L, Mullin S, Schapira AHV. Insights into the structural biology of Gaucher disease. Exp Neurol 2017; 298:180-190. [PMID: 28923368 DOI: 10.1016/j.expneurol.2017.09.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2017] [Revised: 09/08/2017] [Accepted: 09/14/2017] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
Gaucher disease, the most common lysosomal storage disorder, is caused by mutations in the gene encoding the acid-β-glucosidase lysosomal hydrolase enzyme that cleaves glucocerebroside into glucose and ceramide. Reduced enzyme activity and impaired structural stability arise due to >300 known disease-causing mutations. Several of these mutations have also been associated with an increased risk of Parkinson disease (PD). Since the discovery of the acid-β-glucosidase X-ray structure, there have been major advances in our understanding of the structural properties of the protein. Analysis of specific residues has provided insight into their functional and structural importance and provided insight into the pathogenesis of Gaucher disease and the contribution to PD. Disease-causing mutations are positioned throughout the acid-β-glucosidase structure, with many located far from the active site and thus retaining some enzymatic activity however, thus far no clear relationship between mutation location and disease severity has been established. Here, we review the crystal structure of acid-β-glucosidase, while highlighting important structural aspects of the protein in detail. This review discusses the structural stability of acid-β-glucosidase, which can be altered by pH and glycosylation, and explores the relationship between known Gaucher disease and PD mutations, structural stability and disease severity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laura Smith
- Department of Clinical Neurosciences, Institute of Neurology, University College London, London, NW3 2PF, UK
| | - Stephen Mullin
- Department of Clinical Neurosciences, Institute of Neurology, University College London, London, NW3 2PF, UK
| | - Anthony H V Schapira
- Department of Clinical Neurosciences, Institute of Neurology, University College London, London, NW3 2PF, UK.
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18
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Solomon M, Muro S. Lysosomal enzyme replacement therapies: Historical development, clinical outcomes, and future perspectives. Adv Drug Deliv Rev 2017; 118:109-134. [PMID: 28502768 PMCID: PMC5828774 DOI: 10.1016/j.addr.2017.05.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 96] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2017] [Revised: 04/26/2017] [Accepted: 05/08/2017] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
Lysosomes and lysosomal enzymes play a central role in numerous cellular processes, including cellular nutrition, recycling, signaling, defense, and cell death. Genetic deficiencies of lysosomal components, most commonly enzymes, are known as "lysosomal storage disorders" or "lysosomal diseases" (LDs) and lead to lysosomal dysfunction. LDs broadly affect peripheral organs and the central nervous system (CNS), debilitating patients and frequently causing fatality. Among other approaches, enzyme replacement therapy (ERT) has advanced to the clinic and represents a beneficial strategy for 8 out of the 50-60 known LDs. However, despite its value, current ERT suffers from several shortcomings, including various side effects, development of "resistance", and suboptimal delivery throughout the body, particularly to the CNS, lowering the therapeutic outcome and precluding the use of this strategy for a majority of LDs. This review offers an overview of the biomedical causes of LDs, their socio-medical relevance, treatment modalities and caveats, experimental alternatives, and future treatment perspectives.
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Affiliation(s)
- Melani Solomon
- Institute for Bioscience and Biotechnology Research, University Maryland, College Park, MD 20742, USA
| | - Silvia Muro
- Institute for Bioscience and Biotechnology Research, University Maryland, College Park, MD 20742, USA; Fischell Department of Bioengineering, University Maryland, College Park, MD 20742, USA.
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19
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Males A, Raich L, Williams SJ, Rovira C, Davies GJ. Conformational Analysis of the Mannosidase Inhibitor Kifunensine: A Quantum Mechanical and Structural Approach. Chembiochem 2017; 18:1496-1501. [DOI: 10.1002/cbic.201700166] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2017] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Alexandra Males
- York Structural Biology Laboratory Department of Chemistry The University of York York YO10 5DD UK
| | - Lluís Raich
- Departament de Química Inorgànica i Orgànica (Secció de Química Orgànica) and Institut de Química Teòrica i Computacional (IQTCUB) Universitat de Barcelona Martí i Franquès 1 08028 Barcelona Spain
| | - Spencer J. Williams
- School of Chemistry Bio21 Molecular Science and Biotechnology Institute University of Melbourne Parkville VIC 3010 Australia
| | - Carme Rovira
- Departament de Química Inorgànica i Orgànica (Secció de Química Orgànica) and Institut de Química Teòrica i Computacional (IQTCUB) Universitat de Barcelona Martí i Franquès 1 08028 Barcelona Spain
- Institució Catalana de Recerca i Estudis Avançats (ICREA) Passeig Lluís Companys 23 08010 Barcelona Spain
| | - Gideon J. Davies
- York Structural Biology Laboratory Department of Chemistry The University of York York YO10 5DD UK
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20
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Kallemeijn WW, Scheij S, Hoogendoorn S, Witte MD, Herrera Moro Chao D, van Roomen CPAA, Ottenhoff R, Overkleeft HS, Boot RG, Aerts JMFG. Investigations on therapeutic glucocerebrosidases through paired detection with fluorescent activity-based probes. PLoS One 2017; 12:e0170268. [PMID: 28207759 PMCID: PMC5313132 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0170268] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2016] [Accepted: 12/30/2016] [Indexed: 01/14/2023] Open
Abstract
Deficiency of glucocerebrosidase (GBA) causes Gaucher disease (GD). In the common non-neuronopathic GD type I variant, glucosylceramide accumulates primarily in the lysosomes of visceral macrophages. Supplementing storage cells with lacking enzyme is accomplished via chronic intravenous administration of recombinant GBA containing mannose-terminated N-linked glycans, mediating the selective uptake by macrophages expressing mannose-binding lectin(s). Two recombinant GBA preparations with distinct N-linked glycans are registered in Europe for treatment of type I GD: imiglucerase (Genzyme), contains predominantly Man(3) glycans, and velaglucerase (Shire PLC) Man(9) glycans. Activity-based probes (ABPs) enable fluorescent labeling of recombinant GBA preparations through their covalent attachment to the catalytic nucleophile E340 of GBA. We comparatively studied binding and uptake of ABP-labeled imiglucerase and velaglucerase in isolated dendritic cells, cultured human macrophages and living mice, through simultaneous detection of different GBAs by paired measurements. Uptake of ABP-labeled rGBAs by dendritic cells was comparable, as well as the bio-distribution following equimolar intravenous administration to mice. ABP-labeled rGBAs were recovered largely in liver, white-blood cells, bone marrow and spleen. Lungs, brain and skin, affected tissues in severe GD types II and III, were only poorly supplemented. Small, but significant differences were noted in binding and uptake of rGBAs in cultured human macrophages, in the absence and presence of mannan. Mannan-competed binding and uptake were largest for velaglucerase, when determined with single enzymes or as equimolar mixtures of both enzymes. Vice versa, imiglucerase showed more prominent binding and uptake not competed by mannan. Uptake of recombinant GBAs by cultured macrophages seems to involve multiple receptors, including several mannose-binding lectins. Differences among cells from different donors (n = 12) were noted, but the same trends were always observed. Our study suggests that further insight in targeting and efficacy of enzyme therapy of individual Gaucher patients could be obtained by the use of recombinant GBA, trace-labeled with an ABP, preferably equipped with an infrared fluorophore or other reporter tag suitable for in vivo imaging.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wouter W. Kallemeijn
- Department of Biochemistry, Leiden Institute of Chemistry, Leiden University, Leiden, The Netherlands
- Department of Medical Biochemistry, Academic Medical Center, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Saskia Scheij
- Department of Medical Biochemistry, Academic Medical Center, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Sascha Hoogendoorn
- Department of Bio-organic Synthesis, Leiden Institute of Chemistry, Leiden University, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Martin D. Witte
- Department of Bio-organic Synthesis, Leiden Institute of Chemistry, Leiden University, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Daniela Herrera Moro Chao
- Department of Medical Biochemistry, Academic Medical Center, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Cindy P. A. A. van Roomen
- Department of Medical Biochemistry, Academic Medical Center, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Roelof Ottenhoff
- Department of Medical Biochemistry, Academic Medical Center, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Herman S. Overkleeft
- Department of Bio-organic Synthesis, Leiden Institute of Chemistry, Leiden University, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Rolf G. Boot
- Department of Biochemistry, Leiden Institute of Chemistry, Leiden University, Leiden, The Netherlands
- Department of Medical Biochemistry, Academic Medical Center, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Johannes M. F. G. Aerts
- Department of Biochemistry, Leiden Institute of Chemistry, Leiden University, Leiden, The Netherlands
- Department of Medical Biochemistry, Academic Medical Center, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
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21
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Futerman AH, Platt FM. The metabolism of glucocerebrosides - From 1965 to the present. Mol Genet Metab 2017; 120:22-26. [PMID: 27955980 DOI: 10.1016/j.ymgme.2016.11.390] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2016] [Revised: 11/30/2016] [Accepted: 11/30/2016] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Gaucher disease is caused by the defective catabolism of the simple glycosphingolipid, glucosylceramide (GlcCer), due to mutations in the GBA1 gene which encodes for acid β-glucosidase (GCase), the lysosomal enzyme that degrades GlcCer. Today, Gaucher disease patients are routinely treated with recombinant GCase, in a treatment regimen known as enzyme replacement therapy (ERT). We now review the biochemical basis of ERT and discuss how this treatment has advanced since it was first pioneered by Dr. Roscoe Brady in the 1960s. We will place particular emphasis on the three dimensional structure of GCase, and subsequently discuss a relatively new treatment paradigm, substrate reduction therapy (SRT), in which GlcCer synthesis is partially inhibited, thus reducing its accumulation. Both of these approaches are based on studies and concepts developed by Dr. Brady over his remarkable research career spanning six decades.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anthony H Futerman
- Department of Biomolecular Sciences, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot 76100, Israel.
| | - Frances M Platt
- Department of Pharmacology, University of Oxford, Mansfield Road, Oxford OX1 3QT, UK
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22
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Treatment-naïve Gaucher disease patients achieve therapeutic goals and normalization with velaglucerase alfa by 4years in phase 3 trials. Blood Cells Mol Dis 2016; 68:153-159. [PMID: 27839979 DOI: 10.1016/j.bcmd.2016.10.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/19/2016] [Accepted: 10/19/2016] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Gaucher disease is an inherited metabolic disease characterized by β-glucocerebrosidase deficiency and commonly treated with enzyme replacement therapy (ERT). The efficacy of ERT with velaglucerase alfa was assessed based on the achievement of published therapeutic goals and the normalization of disease parameters in 39 treatment-naïve patients with type 1 Gaucher disease, 6 to 62years of age, enrolled in phase 3 clinical trials. After 4years of ERT, therapeutic goals for thrombocytopenia and splenomegaly had been achieved in 100% of patients; goals for anemia and hepatomegaly had been achieved in 95% and 94% of patients, respectively. Consistent with the goal for bone mineral density, lumbar spine bone density improved in 87% of patients ≥18years of age. At year 4, compared with clinical ranges for healthy individuals, 86% of patients with a low baseline hemoglobin concentration had normalized, 60% with a low baseline platelet count had normalized, 67% with baseline splenomegaly had normalized, 58% with hepatomegaly had normalized, and lumbar spine bone density had normalized in 53% of adults. The decade-old therapeutic goals do not reflect the potential for normalization of clinical parameters in ERT-treated patients. Goals consistent with normalization or near-normalization should be considered. ClinicalTrials.gov identifiers: NCT00430625, NCT00553631, NCT00635427.
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Horowitz M, Elstein D, Zimran A, Goker-Alpan O. New Directions in Gaucher Disease. Hum Mutat 2016; 37:1121-1136. [DOI: 10.1002/humu.23056] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2015] [Accepted: 07/20/2016] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Mia Horowitz
- Department of Cell Research and Immunology, Faculty of Life Sciences; Tel Aviv University; Ramat Aviv Israel
| | - Deborah Elstein
- Gaucher Clinic; Shaare Zedek Medical Center; Jerusalem Israel
| | - Ari Zimran
- Gaucher Clinic; Shaare Zedek Medical Center; Jerusalem Israel
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Limkul J, Iizuka S, Sato Y, Misaki R, Ohashi T, Ohashi T, Fujiyama K. The production of human glucocerebrosidase in glyco-engineered Nicotiana benthamiana plants. PLANT BIOTECHNOLOGY JOURNAL 2016; 14:1682-94. [PMID: 26868756 PMCID: PMC5067671 DOI: 10.1111/pbi.12529] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2015] [Revised: 11/24/2015] [Accepted: 12/15/2015] [Indexed: 05/18/2023]
Abstract
For the production of therapeutic proteins in plants, the presence of β1,2-xylose and core α1,3-fucose on plants' N-glycan structures has been debated for their antigenic activity. In this study, RNA interference (RNAi) technology was used to down-regulate the endogenous N-acetylglucosaminyltransferase I (GNTI) expression in Nicotiana benthamiana. One glyco-engineered line (NbGNTI-RNAi) showed a strong reduction of plant-specific N-glycans, with the result that as much as 90.9% of the total N-glycans were of high-mannose type. Therefore, this NbGNTI-RNAi would be a promising system for the production of therapeutic glycoproteins in plants. The NbGNTI-RNAi plant was cross-pollinated with transgenic N. benthamiana expressing human glucocerebrosidase (GC). The recombinant GC, which has been used for enzyme replacement therapy in patients with Gaucher's disease, requires terminal mannose for its therapeutic efficacy. The N-glycan structures that were presented on all of the four occupied N-glycosylation sites of recombinant GC in NbGNTI-RNAi plants (GC(gnt1) ) showed that the majority (ranging from 73.3% up to 85.5%) of the N-glycans had mannose-type structures lacking potential immunogenic β1,2-xylose and α1,3-fucose epitopes. Moreover, GC(gnt1) could be taken up into the macrophage cells via mannose receptors, and distributed and taken up into the liver and spleen, the target organs in the treatment of Gaucher's disease. Notably, the NbGNTI-RNAi line, producing GC, was stable and the NbGNTI-RNAi plants were viable and did not show any obvious phenotype. Therefore, it would provide a robust tool for the production of GC with customized N-glycan structures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juthamard Limkul
- International Center for Biotechnology, Osaka University, Suita-shi, Osaka, Japan
| | - Sayoko Iizuka
- Division of Gene Therapy, Research Center for Medical Sciences, The Jikei University School of Medicine, Minato-ku, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Yohei Sato
- Division of Gene Therapy, Research Center for Medical Sciences, The Jikei University School of Medicine, Minato-ku, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Ryo Misaki
- International Center for Biotechnology, Osaka University, Suita-shi, Osaka, Japan
| | - Takao Ohashi
- International Center for Biotechnology, Osaka University, Suita-shi, Osaka, Japan
| | - Toya Ohashi
- Division of Gene Therapy, Research Center for Medical Sciences, The Jikei University School of Medicine, Minato-ku, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Kazuhito Fujiyama
- International Center for Biotechnology, Osaka University, Suita-shi, Osaka, Japan
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25
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Gras-Colomer E, Martínez-Gómez MA, Moya-Gil A, Fernandez-Zarzoso M, Merino-Sanjuan M, Climente-Martí M. Cellular Uptake of Glucocerebrosidase in Gaucher Patients Receiving Enzyme Replacement Treatment. Clin Pharmacokinet 2016; 55:1103-13. [PMID: 27083470 DOI: 10.1007/s40262-016-0387-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Enzyme replacement therapy (ERT) is currently the standard treatment for patients with Gaucher disease type I (GD1), but the pharmacokinetics have hardly been studied. This study aimed to quantify in vivo enzyme activity in peripheral leukocytes from patients receiving long-term treatment with imiglucerase or velaglucerase for GD1, and set out to assess the process of enzymatic uptake by peripheral leukocytes. METHODS A prospective semi-experimental study was conducted. Four time points for blood withdrawal were planned per patient to quantify the intra-leukocyte enzymatic activity. In order to assess the uptake process, the rate of enzyme uptake by leukocytes (Rupt) and the rate of enzyme disappearance from the plasma (Rdis) were estimated. RESULTS Eight GD1 patients were included. Intra-leukocyte activity was 24.31 mU/mL [standard deviation (SD) 6.32 mU/mL; coefficient of variation (CV) 25.96 %] at baseline and 27.14 mU/mL (SD 6.96 mU/mL; CV 25.65 %) at 15 min post-perfusion. The relationships with the administered dose were linear. The Rupt value was 37.73 mU/mL/min [95 % confidence interval (CI) 25.63-49.84] and showed a linear correlation with the administered enzyme dose (p < 0.05), and the Rdis value was 189.43 mU/mL/min (95 % CI 80.31-298.55) and also showed a linear correlation with the dose (p < 0.05). CONCLUSION This was the first in vivo study to quantify the accumulated enzymatic activity in patients receiving ERT for GD1. It showed that intra-leukocyte activity at baseline and at 15 min post-perfusion could be used as a possible marker for therapeutic individualization in patients receiving ERT for GD1.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elena Gras-Colomer
- Pharmacy Service, Hospital Universitario Dr. Peset, Avenida Gaspar Aguilar, 90, 46017, Valencia, Spain. .,FISABIO, Hospital Universitario Dr. Peset, Valencia, Spain.
| | - María Amparo Martínez-Gómez
- Pharmacy Service, Hospital Universitario Dr. Peset, Avenida Gaspar Aguilar, 90, 46017, Valencia, Spain.,FISABIO, Hospital Universitario Dr. Peset, Valencia, Spain
| | - Ana Moya-Gil
- Pharmacy Service, Hospital Universitario Dr. Peset, Avenida Gaspar Aguilar, 90, 46017, Valencia, Spain
| | | | - Matilde Merino-Sanjuan
- Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Technology Department, Universidad de Valencia, Valencia, Spain.,Molecular Recognition and Technological Development Institute, Centro Mixto Universidad Politécnica de Valencia, Universidad de Valencia, Valencia, Spain
| | - Mónica Climente-Martí
- Pharmacy Service, Hospital Universitario Dr. Peset, Avenida Gaspar Aguilar, 90, 46017, Valencia, Spain.,Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Technology Department, Universidad de Valencia, Valencia, Spain
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26
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Ward C, Martinez-Lopez N, Otten EG, Carroll B, Maetzel D, Singh R, Sarkar S, Korolchuk VI. Autophagy, lipophagy and lysosomal lipid storage disorders. Biochim Biophys Acta Mol Cell Biol Lipids 2016; 1861:269-84. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bbalip.2016.01.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 165] [Impact Index Per Article: 20.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/17/2015] [Revised: 01/07/2016] [Accepted: 01/12/2016] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
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Pastores GM, Turkia HB, Gonzalez DE, Ida H, Tantawy AAG, Qin Y, Qiu Y, Dinh Q, Zimran A. Development of anti-velaglucerase alfa antibodies in clinical trial-treated patients with Gaucher disease. Blood Cells Mol Dis 2016; 59:37-43. [PMID: 27282565 DOI: 10.1016/j.bcmd.2016.03.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/04/2016] [Accepted: 03/04/2016] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Anti-drug antibodies may develop with biological therapies, possibly leading to a reduction of treatment efficacy and to allergic and other adverse reactions. Patients with Gaucher disease were tested for anti-drug antibodies every 6 or 12weeks in clinical studies of velaglucerase alfa enzyme replacement therapy, as part of a range of safety endpoints. In 10 studies between April 2004 and March 2015, 289 patients aged 2-84years (median 43years) were assessed for the development of anti-velaglucerase alfa antibodies. Sixty-four patients were treatment-naïve at baseline and 225 patients were switched to velaglucerase alfa from imiglucerase treatment. They received velaglucerase alfa treatment for a median of 36.4weeks (interquartile range 26.4-155.4weeks). Four patients (1.4%) became positive for anti-velaglucerase alfa IgG antibodies, two of whom had antibodies that were neutralizing in vitro, but there were no apparent changes in patients' platelet counts, hemoglobin levels or levels of CCL18 and chitotriosidase, suggestive of clinical deterioration after anti-velaglucerase alfa antibodies were detected, and no infusion-related adverse events were reported. Less than 2% of patients exposed to velaglucerase alfa tested positive for antibodies and there was no apparent correlation between anti-velaglucerase alfa antibodies and adverse events or pharmacodynamic or clinical responses.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Hiroyuki Ida
- The Jikei University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan.
| | | | | | | | | | - Ari Zimran
- Shaare Zedek Medical Center, Hebrew University-Hadassah Medical School, Jerusalem, Israel.
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28
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Laudemann K, Moos L, Mengel E, Lollert A, Hoffmann C, Brixius-Huth M, Wagner D, Düber C, Staatz G. Evaluation of treatment response to enzyme replacement therapy with Velaglucerase alfa in patients with Gaucher disease using whole-body magnetic resonance imaging. Blood Cells Mol Dis 2016; 57:35-41. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bcmd.2015.11.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/04/2015] [Revised: 11/09/2015] [Accepted: 11/09/2015] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
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Abstract
Research and drug developments fostered under orphan drug product development programs have greatly assisted the introduction of efficient and safe enzyme-based therapies for a range of rare disorders. The introduction and regulatory approval of 20 different recombinant enzymes has enabled, often for the first time, effective enzyme-replacement therapy for some lysosomal storage disorders, including Gaucher (imiglucerase, taliglucerase, and velaglucerase), Fabry (agalsidase alfa and beta), and Pompe (alglucosidase alfa) diseases and mucopolysaccharidoses I (laronidase), II (idursulfase), IVA (elosulfase), and VI (galsulfase). Approved recombinant enzymes are also now used as therapy for myocardial infarction (alteplase, reteplase, and tenecteplase), cystic fibrosis (dornase alfa), chronic gout (pegloticase), tumor lysis syndrome (rasburicase), leukemia (L-asparaginase), some collagen-based disorders such as Dupuytren's contracture (collagenase), severe combined immunodeficiency disease (pegademase bovine), detoxification of methotrexate (glucarpidase), and vitreomacular adhesion (ocriplasmin). The development of these efficacious and safe enzyme-based therapies has occurred hand in hand with some remarkable advances in the preparation of the often specifically designed recombinant enzymes; the manufacturing expertise necessary for commercial production; our understanding of underlying mechanisms operative in the different diseases; and the mechanisms of action of the relevant recombinant enzymes. Together with information on these mechanisms, safety findings recorded so far on the various adverse events and problems of immunogenicity of the recombinant enzymes used for therapy are presented.
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30
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Kallemeijn WW, Witte MD, Wennekes T, Aerts JMFG. Mechanism-based inhibitors of glycosidases: design and applications. Adv Carbohydr Chem Biochem 2015; 71:297-338. [PMID: 25480507 DOI: 10.1016/b978-0-12-800128-8.00004-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
This article covers recent developments in the design and application of activity-based probes (ABPs) for glycosidases, with emphasis on the different enzymes involved in metabolism of glucosylceramide in humans. Described are the various catalytic reaction mechanisms employed by inverting and retaining glycosidases. An understanding of catalysis at the molecular level has stimulated the design of different types of ABPs for glycosidases. Such compounds range from (1) transition-state mimics tagged with reactive moieties, which associate with the target active site—forming covalent bonds in a relatively nonspecific manner in or near the catalytic pocket—to (2) enzyme substrates that exploit the catalytic mechanism of retaining glycosidase targets to release a highly reactive species within the active site of the enzyme, to (3) probes based on mechanism-based, covalent, and irreversible glycosidase inhibitors. Some applications in biochemical and biological research of the activity-based glycosidase probes are discussed, including specific quantitative visualization of active enzyme molecules in vitro and in vivo, and as strategies for unambiguously identifying catalytic residues in glycosidases in vitro.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wouter W Kallemeijn
- Department of Medical Biochemistry, Academic Medical Center, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.
| | - Martin D Witte
- Department of Bio-Organic Chemistry, Stratingh Institute for Chemistry, University of Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands.
| | - Tom Wennekes
- Department of Synthetic Organic Chemistry, Wageningen University, Wageningen, The Netherlands.
| | - Johannes M F G Aerts
- Department of Medical Biochemistry, Academic Medical Center, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.
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31
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Zimran A, Wang N, Ogg C, Crombez E, Cohn GM, Elstein D. Seven-year safety and efficacy with velaglucerase alfa for treatment-naïve adult patients with type 1 Gaucher disease. Am J Hematol 2015; 90:577-83. [PMID: 25903392 PMCID: PMC5033020 DOI: 10.1002/ajh.24040] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2014] [Revised: 04/14/2015] [Accepted: 04/17/2015] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Velaglucerase alfa is a human β‐glucocerebrosidase approved for Gaucher disease type 1 (GD1) treatment. This report summarizes the 7‐year experience of the now‐completed phase I/II and extension studies of adult GD1 patients who received velaglucerase alfa. Ten patients who completed the 9‐month, phase I/II study entered the extension trial TKT025EXT, of which eight completed this study. Doses were reduced after a cumulative treatment period of 15 to 18 months. Although all patients experienced ≥1 adverse event, no patient withdrew due to a drug‐related adverse event or required premedication. No patient developed anti‐drug antibodies, compliance remained high (median 98%), and seven of eight eligible patients transitioned to home infusions under supervision by healthcare professionals. Statistically significant improvements were observed for efficacy parameters: mean percentage changes from baseline (95% confidence intervals) were 18% (12%, 24%) for hemoglobin concentration, 115% (66%, 164%) for platelet counts, and −42% (−53%, −31%) and −78% (−94%, −62%) for liver and spleen volumes, respectively. Improvements were also observed for secondary endpoints chitotriosidase and CCL18 levels and exploratory endpoints (bone mineral density [BMD], bone marrow burden [BMB] scores). Normalization to near‐normalization of individuals' hemoglobin concentrations, platelet counts, liver volumes, and BMB scores was observed, and there were marked improvements in spleen volumes, biomarkers, and BMD. TKT025EXT represents the longest, prospective clinical trial for GD1 treatment to date and suggests that, despite dose reduction within 18 months of initiating therapy, velaglucerase alfa was generally well tolerated and was associated with marked improvement, including near normalization and/or normalization of key GD1 disease parameters. Am. J. Hematol. 90:577–583, 2015. © 2015 The Authors. American Journal of Hematology published by Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ari Zimran
- Shaare Zedek Medical Center, affiliated with the Hebrew University‐Hadassah Medical SchoolJerusalem Israel
| | | | | | | | | | - Deborah Elstein
- Shaare Zedek Medical Center, affiliated with the Hebrew University‐Hadassah Medical SchoolJerusalem Israel
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Elstein D, Mehta A, Hughes DA, Giraldo P, Charrow J, Smith L, Shankar SP, Hangartner TN, Kunes Y, Wang N, Crombez E, Zimran A. Safety and efficacy results of switch from imiglucerase to velaglucerase alfa treatment in patients with type 1 Gaucher disease. Am J Hematol 2015; 90:592-7. [PMID: 25776130 DOI: 10.1002/ajh.24007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/21/2014] [Revised: 02/20/2015] [Accepted: 03/10/2015] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
Gaucher disease (GD) is a lysosomal storage disorder; symptomatic patients with type 1 GD need long-term disease-specific therapy of which the standard of care has been enzyme replacement therapy (ERT). Thirty-eight of 40 patients (aged 9-71 years) clinically stable on ERT with imiglucerase, safely switched to a comparable dose of velaglucerase alfa (units/kg) during TKT034, a 12-month, open-label clinical study, and for 10-50 months in an extension study. The most common adverse events (AEs) judged to be drug-related in the extension were fatigue and bone pain. No drug-related serious AEs were reported. No AEs led to study withdrawal. At 24 months from baseline (baseline being TKT034 week 0), patients had generally stable hemoglobin, platelet, spleen, liver, and bone density parameters. Nevertheless, dose adjustment based on the achievement of therapeutic goals was permitted, and 10 patients, including seven patients who had platelet counts <100 × 10(9) /L at baseline, were given at least one 15 U/kg-dose increase during the extension. Trends indicative of improvement in platelet count and spleen volume, and decreasing levels of GD biomarkers, chitotriosidase and CCL18, were observed. Immunogenicity was seen in one patient positive for anti-imiglucerase antibodies at baseline. This patient tested positive for anti-velaglucerase alfa antibodies in TKT034, with low antibody concentrations, and throughout the extension study; however, the patient continued to receive velaglucerase alfa without clinical deterioration. In conclusion, clinically stable patients can be switched from imiglucerase to velaglucerase alfa ERT and maintain or achieve good therapeutic outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Deborah Elstein
- Gaucher Clinic, Shaare Zedek Medical Center, affiliated with the Hebrew University‐Hadassah Medical SchoolJerusalem Israel
| | - Atul Mehta
- Department of HaematologyRoyal Free HospitalLondon United Kingdom
- Department of HaematologyUniversity College LondonLondon United Kingdom
| | - Derralynn A. Hughes
- Department of HaematologyRoyal Free HospitalLondon United Kingdom
- Department of HaematologyUniversity College LondonLondon United Kingdom
| | - Pilar Giraldo
- Medicina Metabólica HereditariaCentro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Raras (CIBERER)Zaragoza Spain
- Grupo de Estudio de Enfermedades Hematologícas y Metabolicas, Hospital Universitario Miguel ServetZaragoza Spain
| | - Joel Charrow
- Department of PediatricsAnn & Robert H. Lurie Children's Hospital of ChicagoChicago Illinois
| | - Laurie Smith
- Center for Pediatric Genomic MedicineChildren's Mercy HospitalKansas City Missouri
| | - Suma P. Shankar
- Departments of Human Genetics and Ophthalmology, School of MedicineEmory UniversityAtlanta Georgia
| | - Thomas N. Hangartner
- Department of Biomedical, Industrial, & Human Factors EngineeringWright State UniversityDayton Ohio
| | - Yune Kunes
- Bioanalytical and BioMarker DevelopmentShireLexington Massachusetts
| | - Nan Wang
- Biostatistics & Statistical Programming DepartmentShireLexington Massachusetts
| | | | - Ari Zimran
- Gaucher Clinic, Shaare Zedek Medical Center, affiliated with the Hebrew University‐Hadassah Medical SchoolJerusalem Israel
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33
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Choi JH, Lee BH, Ko JM, Sohn YB, Lee JS, Kim GH, Heo SH, Park JY, Kim YM, Kim JH, Yoo HW. A phase 2 multi-center, open-label, switch-over trial to evaluate the safety and efficacy of Abcertin® in patients with type 1 Gaucher disease. J Korean Med Sci 2015; 30:378-84. [PMID: 25829804 PMCID: PMC4366957 DOI: 10.3346/jkms.2015.30.4.378] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2014] [Accepted: 12/03/2014] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Gaucher disease is a lysosomal storage disease for which enzyme replacement therapy has proven to be effective. A switch-over clinical trial was performed to evaluate the efficacy and safety of Abcertin® (ISU Abxis, Seoul, Korea) in subjects with type 1 Gaucher disease who were previously treated with imiglucerase. Five Korean patients with type 1 Gaucher disease were enrolled. Previous doses of imiglucerase ranged from 30 to 55 U/kg every other week. The same dose of Abcertin® was administered to all patients for 24 weeks. Primary efficacy endpoints were changes in hemoglobin levels and platelet counts, and the secondary efficacy endpoints included changes in liver and spleen volumes, serum biomarkers, skeletal status and bone mineral density (BMD). During the study period, no statistically significant changes were observed in all parameters including hemoglobin levels and platelet counts, liver and spleen volumes, skeletal status and BMD. Abcertin® administration was continued in three patients for another 24 weeks as an extension of the study. Hemoglobin levels and platelet counts were maintained in all three patients. In conclusion, the efficacy and safety of Abcertin® are similar to those of imiglucerase, and Abcertin® is an effective therapeutic agent for patients with type 1 Gaucher disease (Clinical Trial Registry No. NCT02053896 at www.clinicaltrials.gov).
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Affiliation(s)
- Jin-Ho Choi
- Department of Pediatrics, Asan Medical Center Children's Hospital, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Beom Hee Lee
- Department of Pediatrics, Asan Medical Center Children's Hospital, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Jung Min Ko
- Department of Pediatrics, Seoul National University Children's Hospital, Seoul, Korea
| | - Young Bae Sohn
- Department of Medical Genetics, Ajou University Hospital, Ajou University School of Medicine, Suwon, Korea
| | - Jin-Sung Lee
- Department of Clinical Genetics, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Gu-Hwan Kim
- Medical Genetics Center, Asan Medical Center Children's Hospital, Seoul, Korea
| | - Sun Hee Heo
- Medical Genetics Center, Asan Medical Center Children's Hospital, Seoul, Korea
| | | | - Yoo-Mi Kim
- Department of Pediatrics, Asan Medical Center Children's Hospital, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Ja-Hye Kim
- Department of Pediatrics, Asan Medical Center Children's Hospital, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Han-Wook Yoo
- Department of Pediatrics, Asan Medical Center Children's Hospital, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
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Trapero A, Egido-Gabás M, Bujons J, Llebaria A. Synthesis and evaluation of hydroxymethylaminocyclitols as glycosidase inhibitors. J Org Chem 2015; 80:3512-29. [PMID: 25750987 DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.5b00133] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Four series of C7N aminocyclitol analogues of glucose were synthesized by stereocontrolled epoxide opening of hydroxyl protected forms of the cyclohexane epoxides cyclophellitol and 1,6-epi-cyclophellitol. The resulting hydroxymethyl substituted aminocyclitols were tested as glycosidase inhibitors. Cyclitols having an amino group in an α configuration at a position equivalent to the anomeric in the sugar were found to be low micromolar inhibitors of the α-glucosidase from baker's yeast with Ki's near to 2 μM. On the other hand, N-octyl aminocyclitols having the nitrogen substituents in an α or β configuration were found to be good inhibitors of recombinant β-glucocerebrosidase with Ki values between 8.3 and 17 μM, and also inhibited lysosomal β-glucosidase activity in live cells at low-micromolar concentrations. A computational docking study suggests a differential binding among the different series of β-glucocerebrosidase inhibitors. In agreement with the experimental results, the binding poses obtained indicate that the presence of an alkyl lipid substituent in the inhibitor mimicking one of the lipid chains in the substrate is critical for potency. In contrast, the matching of hydroxymethyl substituents in the aminocyclitols and the parent glucosylceramide does not seem to be strictly necessary for potent inhibition, indicating the risk of simplifying structural analogies in sugar mimetic design.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ana Trapero
- †Laboratory of Medicinal Chemistry, Department of Biomedicinal Chemistry, Institut de Química Avançada de Catalunya (IQAC-CSIC), Jordi Girona 18-26, 08034 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Meritxell Egido-Gabás
- ‡Department of Biomedicinal Chemistry, Institut de Química Avançada de Catalunya (IQAC-CSIC), Jordi Girona 18-26, 08034 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Jordi Bujons
- §Department of Biological Chemistry and Molecular Modeling, Institut de Química Avançada de Catalunya (IQAC-CSIC), Jordi Girona 18-26, 08034 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Amadeu Llebaria
- †Laboratory of Medicinal Chemistry, Department of Biomedicinal Chemistry, Institut de Química Avançada de Catalunya (IQAC-CSIC), Jordi Girona 18-26, 08034 Barcelona, Spain
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Ye H, Hill J, Gucinski AC, Boyne MT, Buhse LF. Direct site-specific glycoform identification and quantitative comparison of glycoprotein therapeutics: imiglucerase and velaglucerase alfa. AAPS JOURNAL 2014; 17:405-15. [PMID: 25501675 DOI: 10.1208/s12248-014-9706-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/23/2014] [Accepted: 11/20/2014] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
Gaucher disease, the most common lysosomal metabolic disorder, can be treated with enzyme replacement therapy (ERT). Recombinant human glucocerebrosidase imiglucerase (Cerezyme(®)), produced in Chinese hamster ovary cells, has been used for ERT of Gaucher disease for 20 years. Another recombinant glucocerebrosidase velaglucerase alfa (VPRIV), expressed in a human fibroblast cell line, was approved by the US Food and Drug Administration in 2010. The amino acid sequence difference at residue 495 of these two products is well documented. The overall N-linked qualitative glycan composition of these two products has also been reported previously. Herein, employing our recently developed approach utilizing isobaric tandem mass tag (TMT) labeling and an LTQ Orbitrap XL electron transfer dissociation (ETD) hybrid mass spectrometer, the site-specific glycoforms of these products were identified with ETD and collision-induced dissociation (CID) spectra. The quantitative comparison of site-specific glycans was achieved utilizing higher-energy collisional dissociation (HCD) spectra with a NanoMate used as both a fraction collector and a sample introduction device. From the trypsin-digested mixture of these two products, over 90 glycopeptides were identified by accurate mass matching. In addition to those previously reported, additional glycopeptides were detected with moderate abundance. The relative amount of each glycoform at a specific glycosylation site was determined based on reporter signal intensities of the TMT labeling reagents. This is the first report of site-specific simultaneous qualitative and quantitative comparison of glycoforms for Cerezyme(®) and VPRIV. The results demonstrate that this method could be utilized for biosimilarity determination and counterfeit identification of glycoproteins.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hongping Ye
- Division of Pharmaceutical Analysis, CDER, US Food and Drug Administration, 645 South Newstead Avenue, St. Louis, Missouri, 63110, USA,
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He X, Galpin JD, Miao Y, Jiang L, Grabowski GA, Kermode AR. Membrane anchors effectively traffic recombinant human glucocerebrosidase to the protein storage vacuole of Arabidopsis seeds but do not adequately control N-glycan maturation. PLANT CELL REPORTS 2014; 33:2023-2032. [PMID: 25187293 DOI: 10.1007/s00299-014-1677-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/25/2014] [Revised: 08/04/2014] [Accepted: 08/18/2014] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
Human glucocerebrosidase with vacuolar anchoring domains was targeted to protein storage vacuoles (PSVs) of Arabidopsis seeds, but unexpectedly via the Golgi complex. PSV-targeting to effectively avoid problematic N-glycans is protein dependent. Plant-specific N-glycosylation patterns elaborated within the Golgi complex are a major limitation of using plants to produce biopharmaceuticals as the presence of β1,2 xylose and/or α1,3 fucose residues on the recombinant glycoprotein can render the product immunogenic if administrated parenterally. A reporter protein fused to a vacuolar membrane targeting motif comprised of the BP-80 transmembrane domain (TMD), and the cytoplasmic tail (CT) of α-tonoplast intrinsic protein (α-TIP) is delivered to protein storage vacuoles (PSVs) of tobacco seeds by ER-derived transport vesicles that bypass the Golgi complex. This prompted us to investigate whether a pharmaceutical glycoprotein is targeted to PSVs using the same targeting sequences, thus avoiding the unwanted plant-Golgi-specific complex N-glycan modifications. The human lysosomal acid β-glucosidase (glucocerebrosidase; GCase) (EC 3.2.1.45) fused to the BP-80 TMD and α-TIP CT was produced in Arabidopsis thaliana wild-type (Col-0) seeds. The chimeric GCase became localized in PSVs but transited through the Golgi complex, as indicated by biochemical analyses of the recombinant protein's N-glycans. Our findings suggest that use of this PSV-targeting strategy to avoid problematic N-glycan maturation on recombinant therapeutic proteins is not consistently effective, as it is likely protein- and/or species-specific.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xu He
- Department of Biological Sciences, Simon Fraser University, 8888 University Dr., Burnaby, BC, V5A 1S6, Canada
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Vitner EB, Vardi A, Cox TM, Futerman AH. Emerging therapeutic targets for Gaucher disease. Expert Opin Ther Targets 2014; 19:321-34. [PMID: 25416676 DOI: 10.1517/14728222.2014.981530] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Gaucher disease (GD) is an inherited metabolic disorder caused by mutations in the glucocerebrosidase (GBA1) gene. Although infusions of recombinant GBA ameliorate the systemic effects of GD, this therapy has no effect on the neurological manifestations. Patients with the neuronopathic forms of GD (nGD) are often severely disabled and die prematurely. The search for innovative drugs is thus urgent for the neuronopathic forms. AREAS COVERED Here we briefly summarize the available treatments for GD. We then review recent studies of the molecular pathogenesis of GD, which suggest new avenues for therapeutic development. EXPERT OPINION Existing treatments for GD are designed to target the primary consequence of the inborn defects of sphingolipid metabolism, that is, lysosomal accumulation of glucosylceramide (GlcCer). Here we suggest that targeting other pathways, such as those that are activated as a consequence of GlcCer accumulation, may also have salutary clinical effects irrespective of whether excess substrate persists. These pathways include those implicated in neuroinflammation, and specifically, receptor-interacting protein kinase-3 (RIP3) and related components of this pathway, which appear to play a vital role in the pathogenesis of nGD. Once available, inhibitors to components of the RIP kinase pathway will hopefully offer new therapeutic opportunities in GD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Einat B Vitner
- Weizmann Institute of Science, Department of Biological Chemistry , Rehovot 76100 , Israel +972 8 9342353 ; +972 8 9344112 ;
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Chinese hamster ovary mutants for glycosylation engineering of biopharmaceuticals. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2014. [DOI: 10.4155/pbp.14.37] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
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Selective chaperone effect of aminocyclitol derivatives on G202R and other mutant glucocerebrosidases causing Gaucher disease. Int J Biochem Cell Biol 2014; 54:245-54. [DOI: 10.1016/j.biocel.2014.07.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/11/2014] [Revised: 07/04/2014] [Accepted: 07/22/2014] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
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Heartlein M, Kimura A. Discovery and Clinical Development of Idursulfase (Elaprase®) for the Treatment of Mucopolysaccharidosis II (Hunter Syndrome). ORPHAN DRUGS AND RARE DISEASES 2014. [DOI: 10.1039/9781782624202-00164] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/29/2023]
Abstract
Mucopolysaccharidosis II (MPS II), also known as Hunter syndrome, is a rare X-linked recessive lysosomal storage disorder with an incidence of 1 in 100 000 to 160 000 live births. The clinical disease is caused by a deficiency of iduronate-2-sulfatase, which results in a chronic and progressive accumulation of glycosaminoglycans or GAGs in nearly all cell types, tissues and organs of the body. Clinical manifestations of MPS II disease include airway obstruction and compromised lung capacity, cardiomyopathy and valvular heart disease, hepatosplenomegaly, severe skeletal deformities, and neurological decline in most patients. The lack of an effective treatment and the successes of enzyme replacement therapies (ERTs) for other lysosomal storage diseases motivated the development of an ERT for MPS II. Iduronate-2-sulfatase (idursulfase) was produced by recombinant DNA technology in a fully human protein production system which, importantly, resulted in the production of idursulfase with human glycosylation. The non-clinical development of idursulfase progressed from proof-of-principle pharmacodynamic studies, to dose and dose-frequency studies, to an analysis of tissue biodistribution of the enzyme, and finally to pharmacokinetic and toxicological assessments. The clinical development of the final drug product, called Elaprase® (Shire Human Genetic Therapies, Inc., Lexington, MA), consisted of an initial Phase I/II study, followed by a Phase II/III pivotal trial. The results of the Phase II/III showed that intravenous infusions of Elaprase were generally well tolerated, and that a weekly dosing regimen provided significant clinical benefit to MPS II patients as demonstrated by improvements in walking ability and pulmonary function. Elaprase received marketing authorisation in the USA in 2006 and in Europe in 2007. During this era, the development of Elaprase as an effective therapy for MPS II patients, was part of a continuum of many important scientific and medical advances in the field of rare genetic diseases.
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Abstract
OBJECTIVE To review the epidemiology, pathophysiology, and treatments of Gaucher disease (GD), focusing on the role of enzyme replacement therapy (ERT), andsubstrate reduction therapy (SRT). DATA SOURCES A literature search through PubMed (1984-May 2013) of English language articles was performed with terms: Gaucher's disease, lysosomal storage disease. Secondary and tertiary references were obtained by reviewing related articles. STUDY SELECTION AND DATA EXTRACTION All articles in English identified from the data sources, clinical studies using ERT, SRT and articles containing other interesting aspects were included. DATA SYNTHESIS GD is the most common inherited LSD, characterized by a deficiency in the activity of the enzyme acid β-glucosidase, which leads to accumulation of glucocerebroside within lysosomes of macrophages, leading to hepatosplenomegaly, bone marrow suppression, and bone lesions. GD is classified into 3 types: type 1 GD (GD1) is chronic and non-neuronopathic, accounting for 95% of GDs, and types 2 and 3 (GD2, GD3) cause nerve cell destruction. Regular monitoring of enzyme chitotriosidase and pulmonary and activation-regulated chemokines are useful to confirm the diagnosis and effectiveness of GD treatment. CONCLUSIONS There are 4 treatments available for GD1: 3 ERTs and 1 SRT. Miglustat, an SRT, is approved for mild to moderate GD1. ERTs are available for moderate to severe GD1 and can improve quality of life within the first year of treatment. The newest ERT, taliglucerase alfa, is plant-cell derived that can be produced on a large scale at lower cost. Eliglustat tartrate, another SRT, is under phase 3 clinical trials. No drugs have been approved for GD2 or GD3.
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Goh JSY, Liu Y, Chan KF, Wan C, Teo G, Zhang P, Zhang Y, Song Z. Producing recombinant therapeutic glycoproteins with enhanced sialylation using CHO-gmt4 glycosylation mutant cells. Bioengineered 2014; 5:269–73. [PMID: 24911584 DOI: 10.4161/bioe.29490] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Recombinant glycoprotein drugs require proper glycosylation for optimal therapeutic efficacy. Glycoprotein therapeutics are rapidly removed from circulation and have reduced efficacy if they are poorly sialylated. Ricinus communis agglutinin-I (RCA-I) was found highly toxic to wild-type CHO-K1 cells and all the mutants that survived RCA-I treatment contained a dysfunctional N-acetylglucosaminyltransferase I (GnT I) gene. These mutants are named CHO-gmt4 cells. Interestingly, upon restoration of GnT I, the sialylation of a model glycoprotein, erythropoietin, produced in CHO-gmt4 cells was shown to be superior to that produced in wild-type CHO-K1 cells. This addendum summarizes the applicability of this cell line, from transient to stable expression of the recombinant protein, and from a lab scale to an industrial scale perfusion bioreactor. In addition, CHO-gmt4 cells can be used to produce glycoproteins with mannose-terminated N-glycans. Recombinant glucocerebrosidase produced by CHO-gmt4 cells will not require glycan remodeling and may be directly used to treat patients with Gaucher disease. CHO-gmt4 cells can also be used to produce other glycoprotein therapeutics which target cells expressing mannose receptors.
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Affiliation(s)
- John S Y Goh
- Bioprocessing Technology Institute; Agency for Science, Technology, and Research (A*STAR); Singapore, Singapore
| | - Yingwei Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Bioreactor Engineering; East China University of Science and Technology; Shanghai, China
| | - Kah Fai Chan
- Bioprocessing Technology Institute; Agency for Science, Technology, and Research (A*STAR); Singapore, Singapore
| | - Corrine Wan
- Bioprocessing Technology Institute; Agency for Science, Technology, and Research (A*STAR); Singapore, Singapore
| | - Gavin Teo
- Bioprocessing Technology Institute; Agency for Science, Technology, and Research (A*STAR); Singapore, Singapore
| | - Peiqing Zhang
- Bioprocessing Technology Institute; Agency for Science, Technology, and Research (A*STAR); Singapore, Singapore
| | - Yuanxing Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Bioreactor Engineering; East China University of Science and Technology; Shanghai, China
| | - Zhiwei Song
- Bioprocessing Technology Institute; Agency for Science, Technology, and Research (A*STAR); Singapore, Singapore
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Elstein D, Haims AH, Zahrieh D, Cohn GM, Zimran A. Impact of velaglucerase alfa on bone marrow burden score in adult patients with type 1 Gaucher disease: 7-Year follow-up. Blood Cells Mol Dis 2014; 53:56-60. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bcmd.2014.02.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2014] [Accepted: 01/26/2014] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
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Barranger JA, Brady RO, Grabowski GA, Mankin H, Mistry PK, Weinreb NJ. Position statement: National Gaucher Foundation Medical Advisory Board, January 7, 2014. Am J Hematol 2014; 89:457-8. [PMID: 24488939 DOI: 10.1002/ajh.23687] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2014] [Accepted: 01/29/2014] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Henry Mankin
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery; Massachusetts General Hospital; Boston MA
| | | | - Neal J. Weinreb
- University Research Foundation for Lysosomal Storage Diseases; Coral Springs FL
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Grabowski GA, Golembo M, Shaaltiel Y. Taliglucerase alfa: an enzyme replacement therapy using plant cell expression technology. Mol Genet Metab 2014; 112:1-8. [PMID: 24630271 DOI: 10.1016/j.ymgme.2014.02.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 81] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/26/2013] [Revised: 02/21/2014] [Accepted: 02/21/2014] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
Abstract
Gaucher disease (GD) is a rare, genetic lysosomal storage disorder caused by functional defects of acid β-glucosidase that results in multiple organ dysfunction. Glycosylation of recombinant acid human β-glucosidase and exposure of terminal mannose residues are critical to the success of enzyme replacement therapy (ERT) for the treatment of visceral and hematologic manifestations in GD. Three commercially available ERT products for treatment of GD type 1 (GD1) include imiglucerase, velaglucerase alfa, and taliglucerase alfa. Imiglucerase and velaglucerase alfa are produced in different mammalian cell systems and require production glycosylation modifications to expose terminal α-mannose residues, which are needed for mannose receptor-mediated uptake by target macrophages. Such modifications add to production costs. Taliglucerase alfa is a plant cell-expressed acid β-glucosidase approved in the United States and other countries for ERT in adults with GD1. A plant-based expression system, using carrot root cell cultures, was developed for production of taliglucerase alfa and does not require additional processing for postproduction glycosidic modifications. Clinical trials have demonstrated that taliglucerase alfa is efficacious, with a well-established safety profile in adult, ERT-naïve patients with symptomatic GD1, and for such patients previously treated with imiglucerase. These included significant improvements in organomegaly and hematologic parameters as early as 6months, and maintenance of achieved therapeutic values in previously treated patients. Ongoing clinical trials will further characterize the long-term efficacy and safety of taliglucerase alfa in more diverse patient populations, and may help to guide clinical decisions for achieving optimal outcomes for patients with GD1.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gregory A Grabowski
- Division of Human Genetics, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH, USA.
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Abstract
Gaucher disease is an inborn error of metabolism due to a deficiency of the lysosomal enzyme glucocerebrosidase. As a result of this deficiency, the substrate glucocerebroside accumulates in the liver, spleen, bone and bone marrow. Bone involvement can lead to abnormalities in bone growth, bone remodeling, bone infarcts, aseptic necrosis, osteonecrosis, increased fracture risk and lytic bone lesions. Patients may experience bone pain and bone crises related to bone infarcts. There is evidence of abnormal bone metabolism in both bone resorption and bone formation based upon biochemical abnormalities found in patients. In addition, both immunological and coagulation abnormalities have in part been implicated in the causation of bone disease. Treatment with enzyme replacement therapy and substrate reduction therapy has led to improvement in both the symptoms and the radiographic abnormalities seen in these patients. It is unknown whether these treatments lower fracture risk.
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Affiliation(s)
- Barry E Rosenbloom
- a Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Tower Hematology Oncology, 9090 Wilshire Blvd, #200, Beverly Hills, CA 90211, USA
| | - Neal J Weinreb
- b University Research Foundation for Lysosomal Diseases, Dr John T. Macdonald Foundation, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, 8170 Royal Palm Blvd, Coral Springs, FL 33065, USA
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Dasgupta N, Xu YH, Oh S, Sun Y, Jia L, Keddache M, Grabowski GA. Gaucher disease: transcriptome analyses using microarray or mRNA sequencing in a Gba1 mutant mouse model treated with velaglucerase alfa or imiglucerase. PLoS One 2013; 8:e74912. [PMID: 24124461 PMCID: PMC3790783 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0074912] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/12/2013] [Accepted: 08/07/2013] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Gaucher disease type 1, an inherited lysosomal storage disorder, is caused by mutations in GBA1 leading to defective glucocerebrosidase (GCase) function and consequent excess accumulation of glucosylceramide/glucosylsphingosine in visceral organs. Enzyme replacement therapy (ERT) with the biosimilars, imiglucerase (imig) or velaglucerase alfa (vela) improves/reverses the visceral disease. Comparative transcriptomic effects (microarray and mRNA-Seq) of no ERT and ERT (imig or vela) were done with liver, lung, and spleen from mice having Gba1 mutant alleles, termed D409V/null. Disease-related molecular effects, dynamic ranges, and sensitivities were compared between mRNA-Seq and microarrays and their respective analytic tools, i.e. Mixed Model ANOVA (microarray), and DESeq and edgeR (mRNA-Seq). While similar gene expression patterns were observed with both platforms, mRNA-Seq identified more differentially expressed genes (DEGs) (∼3-fold) than the microarrays. Among the three analytic tools, DESeq identified the maximum number of DEGs for all tissues and treatments. DESeq and edgeR comparisons revealed differences in DEGs identified. In 9V/null liver, spleen and lung, post-therapy transcriptomes approximated WT, were partially reverted, and had little change, respectively, and were concordant with the corresponding histological and biochemical findings. DEG overlaps were only 8–20% between mRNA-Seq and microarray, but the biological pathways were similar. Cell growth and proliferation, cell cycle, heme metabolism, and mitochondrial dysfunction were most altered with the Gaucher disease process. Imig and vela differentially affected specific disease pathways. Differential molecular responses were observed in direct transcriptome comparisons from imig- and vela-treated tissues. These results provide cross-validation for the mRNA-Seq and microarray platforms, and show differences between the molecular effects of two highly structurally similar ERT biopharmaceuticals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nupur Dasgupta
- The Division of Human Genetics, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Research Foundation, Cincinnati, Ohio, United States of America
| | - You-Hai Xu
- The Division of Human Genetics, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Research Foundation, Cincinnati, Ohio, United States of America
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, Ohio, United States of America
| | - Sunghee Oh
- The Division of Human Genetics, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Research Foundation, Cincinnati, Ohio, United States of America
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, Ohio, United States of America
| | - Ying Sun
- The Division of Human Genetics, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Research Foundation, Cincinnati, Ohio, United States of America
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, Ohio, United States of America
| | - Li Jia
- CCR Bioinformatics Core, Advanced Biomedical Computing Center Frederick National Laboratory for Cancer Research, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, United States of America
| | - Mehdi Keddache
- The Division of Human Genetics, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Research Foundation, Cincinnati, Ohio, United States of America
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, Ohio, United States of America
| | - Gregory A Grabowski
- The Division of Human Genetics, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Research Foundation, Cincinnati, Ohio, United States of America
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, Ohio, United States of America
- * E-mail:
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Glycosylation and functionality of recombinant β-glucocerebrosidase from various production systems. Biosci Rep 2013; 33:BSR20130081. [PMID: 23980545 PMCID: PMC3782720 DOI: 10.1042/bsr20130081] [Citation(s) in RCA: 72] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
The glycosylation of recombinant β-glucocerebrosidase, and in particular the exposure of mannose residues, has been shown to be a key factor in the success of ERT (enzyme replacement therapy) for the treatment of GD (Gaucher disease). Macrophages, the target cells in GD, internalize β-glucocerebrosidase through MRs (mannose receptors). Three enzymes are commercially available for the treatment of GD by ERT. Taliglucerase alfa, imiglucerase and velaglucerase alfa are each produced in different cell systems and undergo various post-translational or post-production glycosylation modifications to expose their mannose residues. This is the first study in which the glycosylation profiles of the three enzymes are compared, using the same methodology and the effect on functionality and cellular uptake is evaluated. While the major differences in glycosylation profiles reside in the variation of terminal residues and mannose chain length, the enzymatic activity and stability are not affected by these differences. Furthermore, the cellular uptake and in-cell stability in rat and human macrophages are similar. Finally, in vivo studies to evaluate the uptake into target organs also show similar results for all three enzymes. These results indicate that the variations of glycosylation between the three regulatory-approved β-glucocerebrosidase enzymes have no effect on their function or distribution.
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Augustine EF, Mink JW. Enzyme replacement in neuronal storage disorders in the pediatric population. Curr Treat Options Neurol 2013; 15:634-51. [PMID: 23955157 DOI: 10.1007/s11940-013-0256-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
Abstract
OPINION STATEMENT In the past 15 years, for select lysosomal storage diseases, there has been a shift from symptom management to disease modification in terms of treatment strategy, mainly related to use of enzyme replacement therapy (ERT). Yet the application of ERT is for very few diseases, and while beneficial, ERT does not represent a cure. For some disorders, the advent of ERT has made a dramatic impact, while for others, benefits have been much more modest. Understanding of the long-term effects as well as the appropriate time for initiation of ERT is under exploration in a number of diseases, while the feasibility of ERT is still being established for others. No definite effects of ERT on central nervous system manifestations of lysosomal storage diseases have been observed for any disease to date. New strategies, including intrathecal enzyme replacement, gene therapy and substrate reduction therapy are being developed in animal models and clinical trials, which hopefully will begin a new era of nervous system disease modification in neuronal storage disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Erika F Augustine
- Department of Neurology, University of Rochester Medical Center, 601 Elmwood Avenue, Box #631, Rochester, NY, 14642, USA,
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Elstein D, Zimran A. Safety and efficacy of velaglucerase alfa replacement therapy for patients with type 1 Gaucher disease. Expert Rev Endocrinol Metab 2013; 8:333-339. [PMID: 30736148 DOI: 10.1586/17446651.2013.811871] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
Gaucher disease is a multisystem disorder caused by deficiency of β-glucocerebrosidase. Exogenously delivered enzyme replacement therapy (ERT) is currently standard of care. Since 1994, intravenously delivered recombinant ERT with imiglucerase (Cerezyme; Genzyme Corporation, Cambridge, MA, USA) improves hematological, visceral and skeletal features of Gaucher disease at dosages of 15-60 units/kg bodyweight/infusion, administered every other week (EOW). Velaglucerase alfa (VPRIV®; Shire HGT, MA, USA) is a human wild-type-sequenced ERT produced in human cell lines using proprietary Gene-Activation® technology (Shire HGT). This article describes the results of a Phase I/II seminal trial in treatment-naive non-neuronopathic patients (including stepwise dose reduction to 30 units/kg/EOW) and three Phase III trials (two doses: 45 or 60 units/kg/EOW; switch-over from imiglucerase at identical dose; head-to-head with imiglucerase, 60 units/kg/EOW) and Phase III extension trial. Velaglucerase alfa was approved in 2010 in many countries; based on clinical trial experience, it is safe and effective in treatment-naive and switch-over patients, children and adults, splenectomized patients and those with an intact spleen.
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Affiliation(s)
- Deborah Elstein
- b Gaucher Clinic, Shaare Zedek Medical Center, POB 3235, 12 Bayit Street, Jerusalem, 91031, Israel.
| | - Ari Zimran
- a Gaucher Clinic, Shaare Zedek Medical Center, POB 3235, 12 Bayit Street, Jerusalem, 91031, Israel
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