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Sanchez M, Kannengiesser C, Hoang S, Potier L, Fumeron F, Venteclef N, Scheen A, Gautier JF, Hadjadj S, Marre M, Roussel R, Mohammedi K, Velho G. Leukocyte telomere length, allelic variations in related genes and risk of coronary heart disease in people with long-standing type 1 diabetes. Cardiovasc Diabetol 2022; 21:206. [PMID: 36221106 PMCID: PMC9554968 DOI: 10.1186/s12933-022-01635-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2022] [Accepted: 09/01/2022] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Type 1 diabetes is associated with accelerated vascular aging and advanced atherosclerosis resulting in increased rates of cardiovascular disease and premature death. We evaluated associations between Leukocyte telomere length (LTL), allelic variations (SNPs) in LTL-related genes and the incidence of coronary heart disease (CHD) in adults with long-standing type 1 diabetes. Methods We assessed associations of LTL, measured at baseline by RT–PCR, and of SNPs in 11 LTL-related genes with the risk of coronary heart disease (CHD: myocardial infarction or coronary revascularization) and all-cause death during follow-up in two multicenter French-Belgian prospective cohorts of people with long-standing type 1 diabetes. Results In logistic and Cox analyses, the lowest tertile of LTL distribution (short telomeres) at baseline was associated with the prevalence of myocardial infarction at baseline and with increased risk of CHD (Hazard ratio 3.14 (1.39–7.70), p = 0.005, for shorter vs longer tertile of LTL) and all-cause death (Hazard ratio 1.63 (95% CI 1.04–2.55), p = 0.03, for shorter vs combined intermediate and longer tertiles of LTL) during follow-up. Allelic variations in six genes related to telomere biology (TERC, NAF1, TERT, TNKS, MEN1 and BICD1) were also associated with the incidence of CHD during follow-up. The associations were independent of sex, age, duration of diabetes, and a range of relevant confounding factors at baseline. Conclusions Our results suggest that short LTL is an independent risk factor for CHD in people with type 1 diabetes. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s12933-022-01635-0.
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Affiliation(s)
- Manuel Sanchez
- INSERM UMR-S1151, CNRS UMR-S8253, Institut Necker-Enfants Malades, Université Paris Cité, Paris, France. .,UFR de Médecine, Université Paris Cité, Paris, France. .,Department of Geriatrics, Assistance Publique - Hôpitaux de Paris, Bichat University Hospital, 46 rue Henri Huchard, 75018, Paris, France.
| | - Caroline Kannengiesser
- UFR de Médecine, Université Paris Cité, Paris, France.,Department of Genetics, Assistance Publique - Hôpitaux de Paris, DHU FIRE, Bichat Hospital, Paris, France
| | - Sophie Hoang
- Department of Geriatrics, Charles-Foix University Hospital, Vitry sur Seine, France
| | - Louis Potier
- INSERM UMR-S1151, CNRS UMR-S8253, Institut Necker-Enfants Malades, Université Paris Cité, Paris, France.,UFR de Médecine, Université Paris Cité, Paris, France.,Department of Diabetology, Endocrinology and Nutrition, Assistance Publique - Hôpitaux de Paris, DHU FIRE, Bichat Hospital, Paris, France
| | - Frédéric Fumeron
- INSERM UMR-S1151, CNRS UMR-S8253, Institut Necker-Enfants Malades, Université Paris Cité, Paris, France
| | - Nicolas Venteclef
- INSERM UMR-S1151, CNRS UMR-S8253, Institut Necker-Enfants Malades, Université Paris Cité, Paris, France
| | - André Scheen
- Department of Diabetology, Endocrinology and Nutrition, Sart Tilman University Hospital, Liège, Belgium
| | - Jean-François Gautier
- INSERM UMR-S1151, CNRS UMR-S8253, Institut Necker-Enfants Malades, Université Paris Cité, Paris, France.,UFR de Médecine, Université Paris Cité, Paris, France.,Department of Diabetology, Endocrinology and Nutrition, Assistance Publique - Hôpitaux de Paris, Lariboisière University Hospital, Paris, France
| | - Samy Hadjadj
- Institut du Thorax, INSERM, CNRS, CHU Nantes, Université de Nantes, Nantes, France
| | - Michel Marre
- Clinique Ambroise Paré, Neuilly-sur-Seine, France
| | - Ronan Roussel
- INSERM UMR-S1151, CNRS UMR-S8253, Institut Necker-Enfants Malades, Université Paris Cité, Paris, France.,UFR de Médecine, Université Paris Cité, Paris, France.,Department of Diabetology, Endocrinology and Nutrition, Assistance Publique - Hôpitaux de Paris, DHU FIRE, Bichat Hospital, Paris, France
| | - Kamel Mohammedi
- INSERM U1034, Bordeaux University and Hospital, Bordeaux, France
| | - Gilberto Velho
- INSERM UMR-S1151, CNRS UMR-S8253, Institut Necker-Enfants Malades, Université Paris Cité, Paris, France
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A comprehensive analysis of avian lymphoid leukosis-like lymphoma transcriptomes including identification of LncRNAs and the expression profiles. PLoS One 2022; 17:e0272557. [PMID: 35939448 PMCID: PMC9359530 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0272557] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/03/2021] [Accepted: 07/21/2022] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Avian lymphoid leukosis-like (LL-like) lymphoma has been observed in some experimental and commercial lines of chickens that are free of exogenous avian leukosis virus. Reported cases of avian lymphoid leukosis-like lymphoma incidences in the susceptible chickens are relatively low, but the apathogenic subgroup E avian leukosis virus (ALV-E) and the Marek’s disease vaccine, SB-1, significantly escalate the disease incidence in the susceptible chickens. However, the underlying mechanism of tumorigenesis is poorly understood. In this study, we bioinformatically analyzed the deep RNA sequences of 6 lymphoid leukosis-like lymphoma samples, collected from susceptible chickens post both ALV-E and SB-1 inoculation, and identified a total of 1,692 novel long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs). Thirty-nine of those novel lncRNAs were detected with altered expression in the LL-like tumors. In addition, 13 lncRNAs whose neighboring genes also showed differentially expression and 2 conserved novel lncRNAs, XLOC_001407 and XLOC_022595, may have previously un-appreciated roles in tumor development in human. Furthermore, 14 lncRNAs, especially XLOC_004542, exhibited strong potential as competing endogenous RNAs via sponging miRNAs. The analysis also showed that ALV subgroup E viral gene Gag/Gag-pol and the MD vaccine SB-1 viral gene R-LORF1 and ORF413 were particularly detectable in the LL-like tumor samples. In addition, we discovered 982 novel lncRNAs that were absent in the current annotation of chicken genome and 39 of them were aberrantly expressed in the tumors. This is the first time that lncRNA signature is identified in avian lymphoid leukosis-like lymphoma and suggests the epigenetic factor, lncRNA, is involved with the avian lymphoid leukosis-like lymphoma formation and development in susceptible chickens. Further studies to elucidate the genetic and epigenetic mechanisms underlying the avian lymphoid leukosis-like lymphoma is indeed warranted.
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Huang SP, Li CH, Chang WM, Lin YF. BICD Cargo Adaptor 1 (BICD1) Downregulation Correlates with a Decreased Level of PD-L1 and Predicts a Favorable Prognosis in Patients with IDH1-Mutant Lower-Grade Gliomas. BIOLOGY 2021; 10:biology10080701. [PMID: 34439934 PMCID: PMC8389329 DOI: 10.3390/biology10080701] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/17/2021] [Revised: 07/15/2021] [Accepted: 07/19/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Simple Summary The hypoxic inducible factor 1A (HIF1A) pathway has been known to play an important role in tumor progression in various cancers, including lower-grade (Grade II/III) gliomas (LGGs). An in silico analysis using 34 genes associated with the activity of the HIF1A pathway demonstrated that the BICD cargo adaptor 1 (BICD1) gene is a potential prognostic marker in LGGs. Moreover, BICD1 gene (BICD1) expression was positively correlated with CD274, GSK3B, HGF, and STAT3 expression in LGGs. Importantly, BICD1 downregulation was significantly associated with well-known favorable prognostic markers, such as a higher Karnofsky performance score (KPS), IDH1/TP53/ATRX mutations, wild-type EGFR and younger patient age, in LGGs. Therefore, our findings present BICD1 as a new prognostic biomarker to more precisely predict the clinical outcomes of LGG patients in coordination with those well-known biomarkers. Abstract Although several biomarkers have been identified to predict the prognosis of lower-grade (Grade II/III) gliomas (LGGs), we still need to identify new markers to facilitate those well-known markers to obtain more accurate prognosis prediction in LGGs. Bioinformatics data from The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA), the Chinese Glioma Genome Atlas (CGGA), and the Cancer Cell Line Encyclopedia (CCLE) datasets were used as the research materials. In total, 34 genes associated with the HIF1A pathway were analyzed using the hierarchical method to search for the most compatible gene. The BICD cargo adaptor 1 (BICD1) gene (BICD1) was shown to be significantly correlated with The hypoxic inducible factor 1A (HIF1A) expression, the World Health Organization (WHO) grade, and IDH1 mutation status. In addition, BICD1 downregulation was significantly correlated with a higher Karnofsky performance score (KPS), IDH1/TP53/ATRX mutations, wild-type EGFR, and younger patient age in the enrolled LGG cohort. Moreover, BICD1 expression was significantly upregulated in wild-type IDH1 LGGs with EGFR mutations. Kaplan–Meier survival analysis revealed that BICD1 downregulation predicts a favorable overall survival (OS) in LGG patients, especially in those with IDH1 mutations. Intriguingly, we found a significant correlation between BICD1 downregulation and a decreased level of CD274, GSK3B, HGF, or STAT3 in LGGs. Our findings suggest that BICD1 downregulation could be a potential biomarker for a favorable prognosis of LGGs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shang-Pen Huang
- Center of General Education, Chung Hua University, Hsinchu 707, Taiwan;
- Department of Neurology, Po-Jen General Hospital, Taipei 105, Taiwan
- Genomics Research Center, Academia Sinica, Taipei 11529, Taiwan;
- Graduate Institute of Clinical Medicine, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 11031, Taiwan
- Department of Law, School of Law, Ming Chuan University, Taipei 111, Taiwan
| | - Chien-Hsiu Li
- Genomics Research Center, Academia Sinica, Taipei 11529, Taiwan;
| | - Wei-Min Chang
- School of Oral Hygiene, College of Oral Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 11031, Taiwan
- Correspondence: (W.-M.C.); (Y.-F.L.); Tel.: +886-2-2736-1661 (ext. 5118) (W.-M.C.); +886-2-2736-1661 (ext. 3106) (Y.-F.L.)
| | - Yuan-Feng Lin
- Graduate Institute of Clinical Medicine, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 11031, Taiwan
- Cell Physiology and Molecular Image Research Center, Wan Fang Hospital, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 11696, Taiwan
- Correspondence: (W.-M.C.); (Y.-F.L.); Tel.: +886-2-2736-1661 (ext. 5118) (W.-M.C.); +886-2-2736-1661 (ext. 3106) (Y.-F.L.)
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Goswami A, Huda N, Yasmin T, Hosen MI, Hasan AKMM, Nabi AHMN. Association study of leukocyte telomere length and genetic polymorphism within hTERT promoter with type 2 diabetes in Bangladeshi population. Mol Biol Rep 2021; 48:285-295. [PMID: 33389530 DOI: 10.1007/s11033-020-06045-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/05/2020] [Accepted: 11/28/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Telomeres are protective cap on the ends of DNA of non-coding tandem repeats of TTAGGG. Human telomerase reverse transcriptase (hTERT) is a catalytic subunit of telomerase that maintains the structure of telomeres. Type 2 diabetes (T2D) affects multi-organ and telomere length by altering telomerase activity. We aimed to evaluate the relative telomere length (RTL) and risk association of rs2853669 with T2D in Bangladeshi population. RTL was measured in 408 unrelated Bangladeshi (224 T2D and 184 healthy) using primers for target gene and reference gene albumin. Genotypic frequencies for rs2853669 were determined using TaqMan® probes. The mean level of age adjusted RTL (AARTL) varied significantly between the healthy and individuals with T2D for all the genotypes with respect to rs2853669. Moreover, healthy individuals had significantly higher AARTL than T2D. Similar findings were observed when study participants were stratified based on their gender. Association studies revealed that under codominant model of inheritance, TC genotype showed protective role against development of type 2 diabetes. This study suggests a possible role of telomere biology in T2DM, but their association needs to be evaluated further with a larger series and matched healthy controls.
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Affiliation(s)
- Atoll Goswami
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Dhaka, Dhaka-1000, Bangladesh
| | - Nafiul Huda
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Dhaka, Dhaka-1000, Bangladesh
| | - Tahirah Yasmin
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Dhaka, Dhaka-1000, Bangladesh
| | - Md Ismail Hosen
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Dhaka, Dhaka-1000, Bangladesh
| | - A K M Mahbub Hasan
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Dhaka, Dhaka-1000, Bangladesh
| | - A H M Nurun Nabi
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Dhaka, Dhaka-1000, Bangladesh.
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Protsenko E, Rehkopf D, Prather AA, Epel E, Lin J. Are long telomeres better than short? Relative contributions of genetically predicted telomere length to neoplastic and non-neoplastic disease risk and population health burden. PLoS One 2020; 15:e0240185. [PMID: 33031470 PMCID: PMC7544094 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0240185] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/23/2020] [Accepted: 09/22/2020] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Mendelian Randomization (MR) studies exploiting single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) predictive of leukocyte telomere length (LTL) have suggested that shorter genetically determined telomere length (gTL) is associated with increased risks of degenerative diseases, including cardiovascular and Alzheimer’s diseases, while longer gTL is associated with increased cancer risks. These varying directions of disease risk have long begged the question: when it comes to telomeres, is it better to be long or short? We propose to operationalize and answer this question by considering the relative impact of long gTL vs. short gTL on disease incidence and burden in a population. Methods and findings We used odds ratios (OR) of disease associated with gTL from a recently published MR meta-analysis to approximate the relative contributions of gTL to the incidence and burden of neoplastic and non-neoplastic disease in a European population. We obtained incidence data of the 9 cancers associated with long gTL and 4 non-neoplastic diseases associated with short gTL from the Institute of Health Metrics (IHME). Incidence rates of individual cancers from SEER, a database of United States cancer records, were used to weight the ORs in order to align with the available IHME data. These data were used to estimate the excess incidences due to long vs. short gTL, expressed as per 100,000 persons per standard deviation (SD) change in gTL. To estimate the population disease burden, we used the Disability Adjusted Life Years (DALY) metric from the IHME, a measure of overall disease burden that accounts for both mortality and morbidity, and similarly calculated the excess DALY associated with long vs. short gTL. Results Our analysis shows that, despite the markedly larger ORs of neoplastic disease, the large incidence of degenerative diseases causes the excess incidence attributable to gTL to balance that of neoplastic diseases. Long gTL is associated with an excess incidence of 94.04 cases/100,000 persons/SD (45.49–168.84, 95%CI) from the 9 cancer, while short gTL is associated with an excess incidence of 121.49 cases/100,000 persons/SD (48.40–228.58, 95%CI) from the 4 non-neoplastic diseases. When considering disease burden using the DALY metric, long gTL is associated with an excess 1255.25 DALYs/100,000 persons/SD (662.71–2163.83, 95%CI) due to the 9 cancers, while short gTL is associated with an excess 1007.75 DALYs/100,000 persons/SD (411.63–1847.34, 95%CI) due to 4 non-neoplastic diseases. Conclusions Our results show that genetically determined long and short telomere length are associated with disease risk and burden of approximately equal magnitude. These results provide quantitative estimates of the relative impact of genetically-predicted short vs. long TL in a human population, and provide evidence in support of the cancer-aging paradox, wherein human telomere length is balanced by opposing evolutionary forces acting to minimize both neoplastic and non-neoplastic diseases. Importantly, our results indicate that odds ratios alone can be misleading in different clinical scenarios, and disease risk should be assessed from both an individual and population level in order to draw appropriate conclusions about the risk factor’s role in human health.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - David Rehkopf
- Stanford Department of Primary Care and Population Health, Stanford, CA, United States of America
| | - Aric A. Prather
- UCSF Department of Psychiatry, San Francisco, CA, United States of America
| | - Elissa Epel
- UCSF Department of Psychiatry, San Francisco, CA, United States of America
| | - Jue Lin
- UCSF Department of Biochemistry and Biophysics, San Francisco, CA, United States of America
- * E-mail:
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Kim HJ, Seo YS, Sung J, Chae J, Yun JM, Kwon H, Cho B, Kim JI, Park JH. A genome-wide by PM 10 interaction study identifies novel loci for lung function near BICD1 and IL1RN-IL1F10 genes in Korean adults. CHEMOSPHERE 2020; 245:125581. [PMID: 31846791 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2019.125581] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/25/2019] [Revised: 11/24/2019] [Accepted: 12/07/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Although several genome-wide interaction studies (GWIS) have been performed in specific European populations to understand the missing link between genetic and environmental factors for lung function, GWIS of Asian samples remain rare. Therefore, we performed a GWIS of exposure to air pollution to identify loci for lung function in Korean adult men. A total of 1826 adult men recruited from two health check-up centers were included in the analysis and the annual mean concentrations of ambient particulate matter with an aerodynamic diameter ≤10 μm (PM10) were used. In case of forced vital capacity (FVC), one SNP (rs12312730) that passed our genome-wide threshold of pint < 1 × 10-5 was detected in the intronic region of the BICD1 gene on chromosome 12. In addition, we found two variants (rs6743376 and rs17042888) located near the IL1RN-IL1F10 gene that were involved in the inflammatory response and associated with decreased FVC via interaction with PM10 exposure. A stratified association analysis according to these SNP genotypes showed that PM10 concentrations in subjects with one or two of the risk alleles, compared with those with the non-risk allele, were significantly correlated with a reduction in FVC. This pattern was replicated in another 892 Korean adult samples. The current study reports the first GWIS discovery in an Asian population: the BICD1 and IL1RN-IL1F10 genes may contribute to the decrease in FVC levels by interacting with PM10 exposure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hyun-Jin Kim
- National Cancer Control Institute, National Cancer Center, Goyang, South Korea
| | - Yong-Seok Seo
- Disaster Management Research Center, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Joohon Sung
- Institute of Health and Environment, Seoul National University, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Jeesoo Chae
- Bioinformatics Analysis Team, National Cancer Center, Goyang, South Korea
| | - Jae Moon Yun
- Department of Family Medicine, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Hyuktae Kwon
- Department of Family Medicine, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Belong Cho
- Department of Family Medicine, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul, South Korea; Department of Family Medicine, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Jong-Il Kim
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea; Department of Biomedical Sciences, Seoul National University Graduate School, Seoul, South Korea.
| | - Jin-Ho Park
- Department of Family Medicine, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul, South Korea; Department of Family Medicine, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea.
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Srinivas N, Rachakonda S, Kumar R. Telomeres and Telomere Length: A General Overview. Cancers (Basel) 2020; 12:E558. [PMID: 32121056 PMCID: PMC7139734 DOI: 10.3390/cancers12030558] [Citation(s) in RCA: 138] [Impact Index Per Article: 34.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/22/2020] [Revised: 02/24/2020] [Accepted: 02/26/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Telomeres are highly conserved tandem nucleotide repeats that include proximal double-stranded and distal single-stranded regions that in complex with shelterin proteins afford protection at chromosomal ends to maintain genomic integrity. Due to the inherent limitations of DNA replication and telomerase suppression in most somatic cells, telomeres undergo age-dependent incremental attrition. Short or dysfunctional telomeres are recognized as DNA double-stranded breaks, triggering cells to undergo replicative senescence. Telomere shortening, therefore, acts as a counting mechanism that drives replicative senescence by limiting the mitotic potential of cells. Telomere length, a complex hereditary trait, is associated with aging and age-related diseases. Epidemiological data, in general, support an association with varying magnitudes between constitutive telomere length and several disorders, including cancers. Telomere attrition is also influenced by oxidative damage and replicative stress caused by genetic, epigenetic, and environmental factors. Several single nucleotide polymorphisms at different loci, identified through genome-wide association studies, influence inter-individual variation in telomere length. In addition to genetic factors, environmental factors also influence telomere length during growth and development. Telomeres hold potential as biomarkers that reflect the genetic predisposition together with the impact of environmental conditions and as targets for anti-cancer therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Rajiv Kumar
- Division of Functional Genome Analysis, German Cancer Research Center, Im Neunheimer Feld 580, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany; (N.S.); (S.R.)
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Do AN, Zhao W, Baldridge AS, Raffield LM, Wiggins KL, Shah SJ, Aslibekyan S, Tiwari HK, Limdi N, Zhi D, Sitlani CM, Taylor KD, Psaty BM, Sotoodehnia N, Brody JA, Rasmussen‐Torvik LJ, Lloyd‐Jones D, Lange LA, Wilson JG, Smith JA, Kardia SLR, Mosley TH, Vasan RS, Arnett DK, Irvin MR. Genome-wide meta-analysis of SNP and antihypertensive medication interactions on left ventricular traits in African Americans. Mol Genet Genomic Med 2019; 7:e00788. [PMID: 31407531 PMCID: PMC6785453 DOI: 10.1002/mgg3.788] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2018] [Revised: 02/14/2019] [Accepted: 04/22/2019] [Indexed: 01/19/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Left ventricular (LV) hypertrophy affects up to 43% of African Americans (AAs). Antihypertensive treatment reduces LV mass (LVM). However, interindividual variation in LV traits in response to antihypertensive treatments exists. We hypothesized that genetic variants may modify the association of antihypertensive treatment class with LV traits measured by echocardiography. METHODS We evaluated the main effects of the three most common antihypertensive treatments for AAs as well as the single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP)-by-drug interaction on LVM and relative wall thickness (RWT) in 2,068 participants across five community-based cohorts. Treatments included thiazide diuretics (TDs), angiotensin converting enzyme inhibitors (ACE-Is), and dihydropyridine calcium channel blockers (dCCBs) and were compared in a pairwise manner. We performed fixed effects inverse variance weighted meta-analyses of main effects of drugs and 2.5 million SNP-by-drug interaction estimates. RESULTS We observed that dCCBs versus TDs were associated with higher LVM after adjusting for covariates (p = 0.001). We report three SNPs at a single locus on chromosome 20 that modified the association between RWT and treatment when comparing dCCBs to ACE-Is with consistent effects across cohorts (smallest p = 4.7 × 10-8 , minor allele frequency range 0.09-0.12). This locus has been linked to LV hypertrophy in a previous study. A marginally significant locus in BICD1 (rs326641) was validated in an external population. CONCLUSIONS Our study identified one locus having genome-wide significant SNP-by-drug interaction effect on RWT among dCCB users in comparison to ACE-I users. Upon additional validation in future studies, our findings can enhance the precision of medical approaches in hypertension treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anh N. Do
- Department of EpidemiologyUniversity of Alabama at BirminghamBirminghamAlabamaUSA
| | - Wei Zhao
- Department of EpidemiologyUniversity of MichiganAnn ArborMichiganUSA
| | | | - Laura M. Raffield
- Department of GeneticsUniversity of North CarolinaChapel HillNorth CarolinaUSA
| | - Kerri L. Wiggins
- Cardiovascular Health Research Unit, Department of MedicineUniversity of WashingtonSeattleWashingtonUSA
| | - Sanjiv J. Shah
- Feinberg School of MedicineNorthwestern UniversityChicagoIllinoisUSA
| | - Stella Aslibekyan
- Department of EpidemiologyUniversity of Alabama at BirminghamBirminghamAlabamaUSA
| | - Hemant K. Tiwari
- Department of BiostatisticsUniversity of Alabama at BirminghamBirminghamAlabamaUSA
| | - Nita Limdi
- Department of NeurologyUniversity of Alabama at BirminghamBirminghamAlabamaUSA
| | - Degui Zhi
- School of Biomedical InformaticsUniversity of Texas Health Sciences Center at HoustonHoustonTexasUSA
| | - Colleen M. Sitlani
- Cardiovascular Health Research Unit, Department of MedicineUniversity of WashingtonSeattleWashingtonUSA
| | - Kent D. Taylor
- Department of Pediatrics, The Institute for Translational Genomics and Population SciencesLABioMed at Harbor‐UCLA Medical CenterSeattleWashingtonUSA
| | - Bruce M. Psaty
- Cardiovascular Health Research Unit, Departments of Medicine, Epidemiology and Health ServicesUniversity of WashingtonSeattleWashingtonUSA
- Kaiser Permanente Washington Health Research InstituteSeattleWashingtonUSA
| | - Nona Sotoodehnia
- Cardiovascular Health Research Unit, Division of Cardiology, Departments of Medicine and EpidemiologyUniversity of WashingtonSeattleWashingtonUSA
| | - Jennifer A. Brody
- Cardiovascular Health Research Unit, Department of MedicineUniversity of WashingtonSeattleWashingtonUSA
| | - Laura J. Rasmussen‐Torvik
- Department of Preventive Medicine Feinberg School of MedicineNorthwestern UniversityChicagoIllinoisUSA
| | | | - Leslie A. Lange
- Department of MedicineUniversity of Colorado DenverAuroraColoradoUSA
| | - James G. Wilson
- Department of Physiology and BiophysicsUniversity of Mississippi Medical CenterJacksonMississippiUSA
| | - Jennifer A. Smith
- Department of EpidemiologyUniversity of MichiganAnn ArborMichiganUSA
| | | | - Thomas H. Mosley
- Department of MedicineUniversity of Mississippi Medical CenterJacksonMississippiUSA
| | - Ramachandran S. Vasan
- Departments of Medicine and Preventive MedicineBoston University School of MedicineBostonMassachusettsUSA
| | - Donna K. Arnett
- College of Public HealthUniversity of KentuckyLexingtonKentuckyUSA
| | - Marguerite R. Irvin
- Department of EpidemiologyUniversity of Alabama at BirminghamBirminghamAlabamaUSA
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Bauch C, Boonekamp JJ, Korsten P, Mulder E, Verhulst S. Epigenetic inheritance of telomere length in wild birds. PLoS Genet 2019; 15:e1007827. [PMID: 30763308 DOI: 10.1101/284208] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/17/2018] [Accepted: 11/12/2018] [Indexed: 05/25/2023] Open
Abstract
Telomere length (TL) predicts health and survival across taxa. Variation in TL between individuals is thought to be largely of genetic origin, but telomere inheritance is unusual, because zygotes already express a TL phenotype, the TL of the parental gametes. Offspring TL changes with paternal age in many species including humans, presumably through age-related TL changes in sperm, suggesting an epigenetic inheritance mechanism. However, present evidence is based on cross-sectional analyses, and age at reproduction is confounded with between-father variation in TL. Furthermore, the quantitative importance of epigenetic TL inheritance is unknown. Using longitudinal data of free-living jackdaws Corvus monedula, we show that erythrocyte TL of subsequent offspring decreases with parental age within individual fathers, but not mothers. By cross-fostering eggs, we confirmed the paternal age effect to be independent of paternal age dependent care. Epigenetic inheritance accounted for a minimum of 34% of the variance in offspring TL that was explained by paternal TL. This is a minimum estimate, because it ignores the epigenetic component in paternal TL variation and sperm TL heterogeneity within ejaculates. Our results indicate an important epigenetic component in the heritability of TL with potential consequences for offspring fitness prospects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christina Bauch
- Groningen Institute for Evolutionary Life Sciences, University of Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands
- Department of Animal Behaviour, Bielefeld University, Bielefeld, Germany
| | - Jelle J Boonekamp
- Groningen Institute for Evolutionary Life Sciences, University of Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Peter Korsten
- Department of Animal Behaviour, Bielefeld University, Bielefeld, Germany
| | - Ellis Mulder
- Groningen Institute for Evolutionary Life Sciences, University of Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Simon Verhulst
- Groningen Institute for Evolutionary Life Sciences, University of Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands
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10
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Abstract
Telomere length measurement is increasingly recognized as a clinical gauge for age-related disease risk. There are several methods for studying blood telomere length (BTL) as a clinical biomarker. The first is an observational study approach, which directly measures telomere lengths using either cross-sectional or longitudinal patient cohorts and compares them to a population of age- and sex-matched individuals. These direct traceable measurements can be considered reflective of an individual's current health or disease state. Escalating interest in personalized medicine, access to high-throughput genotyping and resulting acquisition of large volumes of genetic data corroborates the second method, Mendelian randomization (MR). MR employs telomere length-associated genetic variants to indicate predisposition to disease risk based on the genomic composition of the individual. When assessed from cells in the bloodstream, telomeres can show variation from their genetically predisposed lengths due to environmental-induced changes. These alterations in telomere length act as an indicator of cellular health, which, in turn, can provide disease risk status. Overall, BTL measurement is a dynamic marker of biological health and well-being that together with genetically defined telomere lengths can provide insights into improved healthcare for the individual.
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11
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Marrs C, Chesmore K, Menon R, Williams S. Maternal human telomerase reverse transcriptase variants are associated with preterm labor and preterm premature rupture of membranes. PLoS One 2018; 13:e0195963. [PMID: 29771920 PMCID: PMC5957404 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0195963] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2017] [Accepted: 04/03/2018] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective Premature aging and short telomere lengths of fetal tissues are associated with spontaneous preterm labor (PTL) and preterm premature rupture of membranes (pPROM). Maintenance of telomere length is performed by the enzyme telomerase. Human telomerase reverse transcriptase (hTERT) is a subunit of telomerase, and its dysfunction affects telomere shortening. This study assessed whether maternal or fetal genetic variations in the hTERT gene are associated with PTL or pPROM. Methods A case (PTL or pPROM) control (term birth) genetic association study was conducted in 654 non-Hispanic white mothers (438 term, 162 PTL, 54 pPROM) and 502 non-Hispanic white newborns (346 term, 116 PTB, 40 pPROM). Maternal and fetal DNA samples were genotyped for 23 single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) within the hTERT gene. Allele frequencies were compared between cases and controls, stratified by PTL and pPROM. Maternal and fetal data were analyzed separately. Results Allelic differences in one SNP of hTERT (rs2853690) were significantly associated with both PTL (adjusted OR 2.24, 95%CI 1.64–3.06, p = 2.32e-05) and with pPROM (adjusted OR 7.54, 95%CI 3.96–14.33, p = 2.39e-07) in maternal DNA. There was no significant association between the hTERT SNPs analyzed and PTL or pPROM in the fetal samples. Conclusion hTERT polymorphisms in fetal DNA do not associate with PTL or pPROM risk; however, maternal genetic variations in hTERT may play a contributory role in risk of PTL and PPROM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Caroline Marrs
- The University of Texas Medical Branch, Division of Maternal-Fetal Medicine, Galveston TX, United States of America
| | - Kevin Chesmore
- Geisel School of Medicine, Dartmouth College, Hanover NH, United States of America
| | - Ramkumar Menon
- The University of Texas Medical Branch, Division of Maternal-Fetal Medicine, Galveston TX, United States of America
- * E-mail:
| | - Scott Williams
- Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland OH, United States of America
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12
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Li H, Zhen Y, Geng Y, Feng J, Wang J, Zhang H. Exploring the Molecular Mechanism of Thoracic Aortic Aneurysm via Bioinformatics Analysis. Med Sci Monit 2018. [PMID: 29538353 PMCID: PMC5865405 DOI: 10.12659/msm.905970] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The aim of this study was to identify some key genes related to the pathogenesis of thoracic aortic aneurysm (TAA) and gain more insights to the molecular mechanism of TAA. MATERIAL AND METHODS The expression profile of GSE9106 was downloaded from the Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) database. The data contained 58 TAA peripheral blood samples and 36 normal peripheral blood samples. The differently expressed genes (DEGs) between the TAA samples and the normal samples were identified via limma package of R. Functional enrichment analysis of the DEGs were performed via the Database for Annotation, Visualization and Integrated Discovery (DAVID). The differentially co-expressed genes in TAA samples compared to normal samples were identified via the DCGL package in R. The protein-protein interaction (PPI) network of the DEGs was constructed through the Search Tool for the Retrieval of Interacting Proteins (STARING) database and visualized by Cytoscape software. RESULTS A total of 407 DEGs were obtained in TAA samples compared with normal samples. The DEGs were enriched in 29 Gene Ontology (GO) terms. There were 1,441 co-expression gene pairs that had significant changes in the co-expression status in TAA samples compared with normal samples and a differential co-expression network was constructed based on them. Moreover, a PPI network of the DEGs was constructed, containing 101 nodes. CONCLUSIONS Bioinformatics methods could identify significant biological processes and genes related to TAA. KRTDAP, BICD1, and genes in the OR family might play an important role in TAA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hongfang Li
- Department of Cardiac Surgery, The First Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Hebei, Shijiazhuang, China (mainland)
| | - Yuzhi Zhen
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, The First Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Hebei, Shijiazhuang, China (mainland)
| | - Yunshuang Geng
- Department of Pediatrics, Ningjin County Hospital of Hebei, Hebei, Shijiazhuang, China (mainland)
| | - Junyan Feng
- Department of Cardiac Surgery, The First Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Hebei, Shijiazhuang, China (mainland)
| | - Jun Wang
- Department of Cardiac Surgery, The First Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Hebei, Shijiazhuang, China (mainland)
| | - Hongsong Zhang
- Department of Vascular Surgery, The First Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Hebei, Shijiazhuang, China (mainland)
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13
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Seeker LA, Ilska JJ, Psifidi A, Wilbourn RV, Underwood SL, Fairlie J, Holland R, Froy H, Bagnall A, Whitelaw B, Coffey M, Nussey DH, Banos G. Longitudinal changes in telomere length and associated genetic parameters in dairy cattle analysed using random regression models. PLoS One 2018; 13:e0192864. [PMID: 29438415 PMCID: PMC5811042 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0192864] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/07/2017] [Accepted: 01/31/2018] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Telomeres cap the ends of linear chromosomes and shorten with age in many organisms. In humans short telomeres have been linked to morbidity and mortality. With the accumulation of longitudinal datasets the focus shifts from investigating telomere length (TL) to exploring TL change within individuals over time. Some studies indicate that the speed of telomere attrition is predictive of future disease. The objectives of the present study were to 1) characterize the change in bovine relative leukocyte TL (RLTL) across the lifetime in Holstein Friesian dairy cattle, 2) estimate genetic parameters of RLTL over time and 3) investigate the association of differences in individual RLTL profiles with productive lifespan. RLTL measurements were analysed using Legendre polynomials in a random regression model to describe TL profiles and genetic variance over age. The analyses were based on 1,328 repeated RLTL measurements of 308 female Holstein Friesian dairy cattle. A quadratic Legendre polynomial was fitted to the fixed effect of age in months and to the random effect of the animal identity. Changes in RLTL, heritability and within-trait genetic correlation along the age trajectory were calculated and illustrated. At a population level, the relationship between RLTL and age was described by a positive quadratic function. Individuals varied significantly regarding the direction and amount of RLTL change over life. The heritability of RLTL ranged from 0.36 to 0.47 (SE = 0.05-0.08) and remained statistically unchanged over time. The genetic correlation of RLTL at birth with measurements later in life decreased with the time interval between samplings from near unity to 0.69, indicating that TL later in life might be regulated by different genes than TL early in life. Even though animals differed in their RLTL profiles significantly, those differences were not correlated with productive lifespan (p = 0.954).
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Affiliation(s)
- Luise A. Seeker
- Animal & Veterinary Sciences, SRUC, Easter Bush, Midlothian, United Kingdom
- The Roslin Institute and Royal (Dick) School of Veterinary Studies, University of Edinburgh, Easter Bush, Midlothian, United Kingdom
- * E-mail:
| | - Joanna J. Ilska
- Animal & Veterinary Sciences, SRUC, Easter Bush, Midlothian, United Kingdom
| | - Androniki Psifidi
- The Roslin Institute and Royal (Dick) School of Veterinary Studies, University of Edinburgh, Easter Bush, Midlothian, United Kingdom
- Royal Veterinary College, University of London, Hatfield, United Kingdom
| | - Rachael V. Wilbourn
- Institute of Evolutionary Biology, School of Biological Sciences, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, Midlothian, United Kingdom
| | - Sarah L. Underwood
- Institute of Evolutionary Biology, School of Biological Sciences, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, Midlothian, United Kingdom
| | - Jennifer Fairlie
- Institute of Evolutionary Biology, School of Biological Sciences, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, Midlothian, United Kingdom
| | - Rebecca Holland
- Institute of Evolutionary Biology, School of Biological Sciences, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, Midlothian, United Kingdom
| | - Hannah Froy
- Institute of Evolutionary Biology, School of Biological Sciences, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, Midlothian, United Kingdom
| | | | - Bruce Whitelaw
- The Roslin Institute and Royal (Dick) School of Veterinary Studies, University of Edinburgh, Easter Bush, Midlothian, United Kingdom
| | - Mike Coffey
- Animal & Veterinary Sciences, SRUC, Easter Bush, Midlothian, United Kingdom
| | - Daniel H. Nussey
- Institute of Evolutionary Biology, School of Biological Sciences, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, Midlothian, United Kingdom
| | - Georgios Banos
- Animal & Veterinary Sciences, SRUC, Easter Bush, Midlothian, United Kingdom
- The Roslin Institute and Royal (Dick) School of Veterinary Studies, University of Edinburgh, Easter Bush, Midlothian, United Kingdom
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14
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Telomeres, Aging and Exercise: Guilty by Association? Int J Mol Sci 2017; 18:ijms18122573. [PMID: 29186077 PMCID: PMC5751176 DOI: 10.3390/ijms18122573] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/07/2017] [Revised: 11/24/2017] [Accepted: 11/25/2017] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Telomeres are repetitive tandem DNA sequences that cap chromosomal ends protecting genomic DNA from enzymatic degradation. Telomeres progressively shorten with cellular replication and are therefore assumed to correlate with biological and chronological age. An expanding body of evidence suggests (i) a predictable inverse association between telomere length, aging and age-related diseases and (ii) a positive association between physical activity and telomere length. Both hypotheses have garnered tremendous research attention and broad consensus; however, the evidence for each proposition is inconsistent and equivocal at best. Telomere length does not meet the basic criteria for an aging biomarker and at least 50% of key studies fail to find associations with physical activity. In this review, we address the evidence in support and refutation of the putative associations between telomere length, aging and physical activity. We finish with a brief review of plausible mechanisms and potential future research directions.
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15
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Kłoda K, Mierzecki A, Domański L, Borowiecka E, Safranow K, Ciechanowicz A, Ciechanowski K. Joint Assessment of Donor and Recipient hTERT Gene Polymorphism Provides Additional Information for Early Kidney Transplantation Outcomes. Med Sci Monit 2017; 23:1812-1818. [PMID: 28410362 PMCID: PMC5400029 DOI: 10.12659/msm.900406] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Background There are several genes and genetic loci affecting telomere length, including hTERT gene and BICD1 gene as well as polymorphisms within chromosome 18. It has been demonstrated that the age of the donor is a negative factor associated with long-term kidney allograft function, and that post-transplant complications accelerate transplanted organ aging, thus contributing to estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) decreases. The aim of this study was a joint assessment of donors’ and recipients’ hTERT and BICD1 genes as well as chromosome 18 polymorphisms with regard to early kidney transplantation outcomes. Material/Methods The study enrolled 74 pairs of Polish Caucasian kidney allograft cadaveric donors (60% male, mean age 45.99±14.62) and recipients (50.0% male, mean age 48.89±13.50). The transplantation procedure (Tx) was performed between 2001 and 2012. All samples were genotyped in duplicate using Real-Time PCR. Results This study showed that rs2735940 hTERT CX-TT donor-recipient genotype pair was associated with almost five times higher odds (OR=4.82; 95% CI: 1.32–18; p=0.016) of delayed graft function (DGF), and that rs2735940 hTERT, rs2630578 BICD1, and rs7235755 chromosome 18 polymorphisms combined pairs were not associated with acute rejection (AR). Conclusions In conclusion, both the donor’s and the recipient’s rs2735940 hTERT gene polymorphism was associated with early graft function after transplantation. The odds of DGF were almost five times higher for a combination of CX (CT or CC) donor genotype and TT recipient genotype. Joint assessment of donor-recipient genotype pairs provides more information for prediction of early kidney transplantation outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Karolina Kłoda
- Clinical Department of Nephrology, Transplantology and Internal Medicine, Pomeranian Medical University in Szczecin, Szczecin, Poland
| | - Artur Mierzecki
- Independent Laboratory of Family Physician Education, Pomeranian Medical University in Szczecin, Szczecin, Poland
| | - Leszek Domański
- Clinical Department of Nephrology, Transplantology and Internal Medicine, Pomeranian Medical University in Szczecin, Szczecin, Poland
| | - Ewa Borowiecka
- Clinical Department of Nephrology, Transplantology and Internal Medicine, Pomeranian Medical University in Szczecin, Szczecin, Poland
| | - Krzysztof Safranow
- Department of Biochemistry and Medical Chemistry, Pomeranian Medical University in Szczecin, Szczecin, Poland
| | - Andrzej Ciechanowicz
- Department of Laboratory Diagnostics and Molecular Medicine, Pomeranian Medical University in Szczecin, Szczecin, Poland
| | - Kazimierz Ciechanowski
- Clinical Department of Nephrology, Transplantology and Internal Medicine, Pomeranian Medical University in Szczecin, Szczecin, Poland
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16
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Kłoda K, Domański L, Mierzecki A. Telomere Length Assessment for Prediction of Organ Transplantation Outcome. Future or Failure: A Review of the Literature. Med Sci Monit 2017; 23:158-162. [PMID: 28076340 PMCID: PMC5244829 DOI: 10.12659/msm.899490] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Telomeres are located at each end of eukaryotic chromosomes. Their functional role is genomic stability maintenance. The protective role of telomeres depends on various factors, including number of nucleotides repeats, telomere-binding proteins, and telomerase activity. Organ transplantation is the preferred replacement therapy in the case of chronic kidney disease and the only possibility of sustaining recipients’ life in the case of advanced liver failure. While the prevalence of acute rejection is constantly decreasing, prevention of transplanted organ long-term function loss is still challenging. It has been demonstrated that post-transplant stressors accelerate aging of the allografts manifested through telomere shortening. The aim of this paper was to evaluate the importance of telomere length assessment for prediction of organ transplantation outcome. Literature review included the 10 most important studies regarding linkage between allograft function and telomere erosion, including 2 of our own reports. Telomere length assessment is useful to predict organ transplantation outcome. The importance of telomere length as a prediction marker depends on the analyzed material. To obtain reliable results, both graft cells (donor material) and lymphocytes (recipient material) should be examined. In the case of kidney transplantation, assessment of telomere length in the early post-transplant period allows prediction of the long-term function of the transplanted organ. To increase the accuracy of transplantation outcome prediction, telomere length assessment should be combined with evaluation of other aging biomarkers, like CDKN2A (p16). Large-scale clinical studies regarding telomere length measurement, including genome wide association analysis introducing relevant genetic factors, are needed for the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Karolina Kłoda
- Clinical Department of Nephrology, Transplantology and Internal Medicine, Pomeranian Medical University in Szczecin, Szczecin, Poland
| | - Leszek Domański
- Clinical Department of Nephrology, Transplantology and Internal Medicine, Pomeranian Medical University in Szczecin, Szczecin, Poland
| | - Artur Mierzecki
- Independent Laboratory of Family Physician Education, Pomeranian Medical University in Szczecin, Szczecin, Poland
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17
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Karami S, Han Y, Pande M, Cheng I, Rudd J, Pierce BL, Nutter EL, Schumacher FR, Kote-Jarai Z, Lindstrom S, Witte JS, Fang S, Han J, Kraft P, Hunter DJ, Song F, Hung RJ, McKay J, Gruber SB, Chanock SJ, Risch A, Shen H, Haiman CA, Boardman L, Ulrich CM, Casey G, Peters U, Amin Al Olama A, Berchuck A, Berndt SI, Bezieau S, Brennan P, Brenner H, Brinton L, Caporaso N, Chan AT, Chang-Claude J, Christiani DC, Cunningham JM, Easton D, Eeles RA, Eisen T, Gala M, Gallinger SJ, Gayther SA, Goode EL, Grönberg H, Henderson BE, Houlston R, Joshi AD, Küry S, Landi MT, Le Marchand L, Muir K, Newcomb PA, Permuth-Wey J, Pharoah P, Phelan C, Potter JD, Ramus SJ, Risch H, Schildkraut J, Slattery ML, Song H, Wentzensen N, White E, Wiklund F, Zanke BW, Sellers TA, Zheng W, Chatterjee N, Amos CI, Doherty JA. Telomere structure and maintenance gene variants and risk of five cancer types. Int J Cancer 2016; 139:2655-2670. [PMID: 27459707 PMCID: PMC5198774 DOI: 10.1002/ijc.30288] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/11/2016] [Accepted: 06/21/2016] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
Abstract
Telomeres cap chromosome ends, protecting them from degradation, double-strand breaks, and end-to-end fusions. Telomeres are maintained by telomerase, a reverse transcriptase encoded by TERT, and an RNA template encoded by TERC. Loci in the TERT and adjoining CLPTM1L region are associated with risk of multiple cancers. We therefore investigated associations between variants in 22 telomere structure and maintenance gene regions and colorectal, breast, prostate, ovarian, and lung cancer risk. We performed subset-based meta-analyses of 204,993 directly-measured and imputed SNPs among 61,851 cancer cases and 74,457 controls of European descent. Independent associations for SNP minor alleles were identified using sequential conditional analysis (with gene-level p value cutoffs ≤3.08 × 10-5 ). Of the thirteen independent SNPs observed to be associated with cancer risk, novel findings were observed for seven loci. Across the DCLRE1B region, rs974494 and rs12144215 were inversely associated with prostate and lung cancers, and colorectal, breast, and prostate cancers, respectively. Across the TERC region, rs75316749 was positively associated with colorectal, breast, ovarian, and lung cancers. Across the DCLRE1B region, rs974404 and rs12144215 were inversely associated with prostate and lung cancers, and colorectal, breast, and prostate cancers, respectively. Near POT1, rs116895242 was inversely associated with colorectal, ovarian, and lung cancers, and RTEL1 rs34978822 was inversely associated with prostate and lung cancers. The complex association patterns in telomere-related genes across cancer types may provide insight into mechanisms through which telomere dysfunction in different tissues influences cancer risk.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sara Karami
- Department of Epidemiology, Geisel School of Medicine at Dartmouth, Lebanon, NH
| | - Younghun Han
- The Department of Biomedical Data Science, Geisel School of Medicine at Dartmouth, Lebanon, NH
| | - Mala Pande
- Department of Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Nutrition, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX
| | - Iona Cheng
- Cancer Prevention Institute of California, Fremont, CA; Stanford Cancer Institute, Stanford, CA
| | - James Rudd
- Department of Epidemiology, Geisel School of Medicine at Dartmouth, Lebanon, NH
| | - Brandon L Pierce
- Departments of Public Health Sciences and Human Genetics and Comprehensive Cancer Center, The University of Chicago, Chicago, IL
| | - Ellen L Nutter
- Department of Epidemiology, Geisel School of Medicine at Dartmouth, Lebanon, NH
| | - Fredrick R Schumacher
- Department of Preventive Medicine, Norris Comprehensive Cancer Center, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA
| | - Zsofia Kote-Jarai
- Oncogenetics Team, The Institute of Cancer Research and Royal Marsden NHS Foundation Trust, London, United Kingdom
| | - Sara Lindstrom
- Program in Genetic Epidemiology and Statistical Genetics, Harvard T.H. School of Public Health, Boston, MA
| | - John S Witte
- Division of Genetic and Cancer Epidemiology, Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics and Institute of Human Genetics, University of California, San Francisco, CA
| | - Shenying Fang
- Department of Surgical Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX
| | - Jiali Han
- Department of Epidemiology, Fairbanks School of Public Health, Simon Cancer Center, Indiana University, Indianapolis, IN
| | - Peter Kraft
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Harvard School of Public Health, Boston, MA
| | - David J Hunter
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Harvard School of Public Health, Boston, MA
| | - Fengju Song
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Key Laboratory of Cancer Prevention and Therapy, National Clinical Research Centre of Cancer, Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and Hospital, Tianjin, People's Republic of China
| | - Rayjean J Hung
- Lunenfeld-Tanenbaum Research Institute of Mount Sinai Hospital, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - James McKay
- Genetic Cancer Susceptibility Group, Genetic Epidemiology Group International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC), Lyon, France
| | - Stephen B Gruber
- Department of Preventive Medicine, Norris Comprehensive Cancer Center, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA
| | - Stephen J Chanock
- Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Department of Health and Human Services, Bethesda, MD
| | - Angela Risch
- Division of Epigenomics and Cancer Risk Factors, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany; Translational Lung Research Center Heidelberg (TLRC-H), Member of the German Center for Lung Research (DZL), Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Hongbing Shen
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Jiangsu Key Lab of Cancer Biomarkers, Prevention and Treatment, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, People's Republic of China
| | - Christopher A Haiman
- Department of Preventive Medicine, Norris Comprehensive Cancer Center, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA
| | | | - Cornelia M Ulrich
- Huntsman Cancer Institute, Salt Lake City, UT
- Public Health Sciences Division, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, WA
| | - Graham Casey
- Department of Preventive Medicine, Norris Comprehensive Cancer Center, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA
| | - Ulrike Peters
- Public Health Sciences Division, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, WA
| | - Ali Amin Al Olama
- Department of Public Health and Primary Care, Center for Cancer Genetic Epidemiology, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, United Kingdom
| | - Andrew Berchuck
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Duke University, Durham, NC
| | - Sonja I Berndt
- Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Department of Health and Human Services, Bethesda, MD
| | | | - Paul Brennan
- Genetic Cancer Susceptibility Group, Genetic Epidemiology Group International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC), Lyon, France
| | - Hermann Brenner
- Klinische Epidemiologie und Alternsforschung, Deutsches Krebsforschungszentrum, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Louise Brinton
- Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Department of Health and Human Services, Bethesda, MD
| | - Neil Caporaso
- Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Department of Health and Human Services, Bethesda, MD
| | - Andrew T Chan
- Division of Gastroenterology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA
- Channing Division of Network Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA
| | - Jenny Chang-Claude
- Division of Cancer Epidemiology, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany
| | - David C Christiani
- Program in Genetic Epidemiology and Statistical Genetics, Harvard T.H. School of Public Health, Boston, MA
| | | | - Douglas Easton
- Department of Public Health and Primary Care, Center for Cancer Genetic Epidemiology, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, United Kingdom
- Department of Oncology, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, United Kingdom
| | - Rosalind A Eeles
- Oncogenetics Team, The Institute of Cancer Research and Royal Marsden NHS Foundation Trust, London, United Kingdom
| | - Timothy Eisen
- Addenbrooke's Hospital, Cambridge Biomedical Campus, Cambridge, United Kingdom
| | - Manish Gala
- Division of Gastroenterology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA
| | - Steven J Gallinger
- Lunenfeld-Tanenbaum Research Institute of Mount Sinai Hospital, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Simon A Gayther
- Department of Preventive Medicine, Norris Comprehensive Cancer Center, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA
| | | | - Henrik Grönberg
- Department of Medical Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Karolinska Institute, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Brian E Henderson
- Department of Preventive Medicine, Norris Comprehensive Cancer Center, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA
| | | | - Amit D Joshi
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Harvard School of Public Health, Boston, MA
| | - Sébastien Küry
- Service de Génétique Médicale, CHU Nantes, Nantes, France
| | - Mari T Landi
- Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Department of Health and Human Services, Bethesda, MD
| | - Loic Le Marchand
- Division of Epidemiology, University of Hawaii Cancer Center, Honolulu, HI
| | - Kenneth Muir
- Warwick Medical School, University of Warwick, Coventry, United Kingdom
- Institute of Population Health, University of Manchester, Manchester, United Kingdom
| | - Polly A Newcomb
- Public Health Sciences Division, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, WA
| | | | - Paul Pharoah
- Department of Oncology, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, United Kingdom
| | | | - John D Potter
- Public Health Sciences Division, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, WA
| | - Susan J Ramus
- Department of Preventive Medicine, Norris Comprehensive Cancer Center, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA
| | | | | | | | - Honglin Song
- Department of Oncology, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, United Kingdom
| | - Nicolas Wentzensen
- Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Department of Health and Human Services, Bethesda, MD
| | - Emily White
- Public Health Sciences Division, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, WA
| | - Fredrik Wiklund
- Department of Medical Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Karolinska Institute, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Brent W Zanke
- Division of Hematology, The University of Ottawa, Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, Ottawa, ON
| | | | - Wei Zheng
- Vanderbilt Epidemiology Center and Division of Epidemiology, Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, TN
| | - Nilanjan Chatterjee
- Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Department of Health and Human Services, Bethesda, MD
| | - Christopher I Amos
- The Department of Biomedical Data Science, Geisel School of Medicine at Dartmouth, Lebanon, NH
| | - Jennifer A Doherty
- Department of Epidemiology, Geisel School of Medicine at Dartmouth, Lebanon, NH.
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18
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Weng Q, Du J, Yu F, Huang T, Chen M, Lv H, Ma H, Hu Z, Jin G, Hu Y, Shen H. The known genetic loci for telomere length may be involved in the modification of telomeres length after birth. Sci Rep 2016; 6:38729. [PMID: 27929092 PMCID: PMC5143977 DOI: 10.1038/srep38729] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2016] [Accepted: 11/11/2016] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
Telomere length varies considerably among individuals. It is highly heritable and decreases with ageing or ageing related diseases. Recently, genome-wide association studies (GWAS) have identified several genetic loci associated with telomere length in adults. However, it is unclear whether these loci represent the genetic basis of telomere length or determine the individual susceptibility to shortening during growth process. Using DNA extracted from peripheral and cord blood of 444 mother-newborn pairs from a Chinese population, we measured relative telomere length (RTL) and genotyped eight known telomere length related variants that were initially identified in populations of European descent. We observed the T allele of rs10936599 and the T allele of rs2736100 were norminally associated with shorter RTL (P = 0.041 and 0.046, respectively) in maternal samples. Furthermore, the Weighted genetic score (WGS) of eight variants was significantly associated with RTL in maternal samples (R2 = 0.012, P = 0.025). However, we didn't detect any significant associations for any individual variant or the combined WGS with RTL in newborns. These findings didn't support the hypothesis that telomere length related loci may affect telomere length at birth, and we suggested that these loci may play a role in telomere length modification during life course.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qiao Weng
- Drum Tower Clinical Medical College, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 210008, China.,State Key Laboratory of Reproductive Medicine, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 211166, China.,Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, Affiliated to Nanjing University Medical School, Nanjing 210008, China
| | - Jiangbo Du
- State Key Laboratory of Reproductive Medicine, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 211166, China.,Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 211166, China
| | - Fei Yu
- State Key Laboratory of Reproductive Medicine, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 211166, China.,Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 211166, China
| | - Tongtong Huang
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 211166, China
| | - Mengxi Chen
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 211166, China
| | - Hong Lv
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 211166, China
| | - Hongxia Ma
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 211166, China
| | - Zhibin Hu
- State Key Laboratory of Reproductive Medicine, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 211166, China.,Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 211166, China
| | - Guangfu Jin
- State Key Laboratory of Reproductive Medicine, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 211166, China.,Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 211166, China
| | - Yali Hu
- Drum Tower Clinical Medical College, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 210008, China.,Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, Affiliated to Nanjing University Medical School, Nanjing 210008, China
| | - Hongbing Shen
- State Key Laboratory of Reproductive Medicine, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 211166, China.,Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 211166, China
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19
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Ribero S, Mangino M, Bataille V. Skin phenotypes can offer some insight about the association between telomere length and cancer susceptibility. Med Hypotheses 2016; 97:7-10. [PMID: 27876133 DOI: 10.1016/j.mehy.2016.10.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/26/2016] [Revised: 10/03/2016] [Accepted: 10/18/2016] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
The role of telomere biology in cancer has been studied for a wide variety of different cancers but the association with telomere length has been controversial. This is because some cancers have been found to be associated with longer telomeres in circulating white cells whilst other cancer types are more common in individuals with shorter telomeres. Hence, there has been some skepticism as to whether telomere length may be helpful in estimating cancer risk. For melanoma, however, results have been fairly consistent showing that longer telomeres are associated with an increased risk. This link was first discovered because of a link between longer telomeres and a high number of naevi. In contrast, for cutaneous squamous cell carcinomas, the relationship is reversed with higher risk in individuals with shorter telomeres. Differences in skin phenotypes with the presence of high number of naevi versus photoageing with solar elastosis and solar keratoses have already been valuable for dermatologists as the former phenotype is associated with melanoma whilst the latter is more common in patients with squamous cell carcinoma of the skin. The hypothesis is that the differences in cutaneous phenotypes already observed by dermatologists for skin cancers may, in fact, be useful as well for cancer prediction in general as it may reflect underlying telomere biology. This manuscript will address the evidence for links between telomere biology, skin phenotypes and cancer risk.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Ribero
- Department of Twin Research and Genetic Epidemiology, King's College London, UK; Department of Medical Sciences, University of Turin, Turin, Italy.
| | - M Mangino
- Department of Twin Research and Genetic Epidemiology, King's College London, UK
| | - V Bataille
- Department of Twin Research and Genetic Epidemiology, King's College London, UK; Department of Dermatology, West Herts NHS Trust, Herts, UK
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20
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Kłoda K, Domański L, Kwiatkowska E, Safranow K, Drozd A, Ciechanowicz A, Ciechanowski K. BICD1 and Chromosome 18 Polymorphisms Associated With Recipients' Telomere Length Affect Kidney Allograft Function After Transplantation. Transplant Proc 2016; 48:1451-5. [PMID: 27496426 DOI: 10.1016/j.transproceed.2015.10.086] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/07/2015] [Accepted: 10/03/2015] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Reports regarding recipient's nonmodifiable genetic factors affecting telomerase activity and thus allograft function are lacking. Therefore the aim of this study was to analyze the associations between recipients' rs2735940 hTERT, rs2630578 BICD1, and rs7235755 chromosome 18 polymorphisms and kidney function after transplantation. METHODS The study enrolled 119 white Polish kidney allograft recipients (64 men, 55 women; overall mean age, 47.3 ± 14.0 y). To identify genotypes of the studied polymorphisms, real-time polymerase chain reaction was performed. RESULTS There were statistically significant differences in distribution of rs7235755 chromosome 18 polymorphism genotypes and alleles between recipients with delayed graft function (DGF) and without DGF (P = .03). The presence of A allele was significantly associated with higher risk of DGF occurrence (AA + GA vs GG: OR, 3.25 [95% CI, 1.16-9.14]; P = .02; GA vs GG: OR, 4.00 [1.35-11.82]; P = .01). Analysis of the rs2630578 BICD1 gene polymorphism genotypes revealed statistically significant differences in long-term creatinine concentrations. The presence of C allele of this polymorphism was significantly associated with higher creatinine concentrations 24, 36, and 18-48 months after transplantation (GC + CC vs GG: P = .008, P = .008, and P = .01, respectively). CONCLUSIONS Recipients' polymorphisms of genes associated with telomere length, BICD1 and chromosome 18, but not hTERT, affect kidney allograft early and long-term function after transplantation. There is an urgent need for explanation of these observations in genome-wide association studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- K Kłoda
- Clinical Department of Nephrology, Transplantology, and Internal Medicine, Pomeranian Medical University, Szczecin, Poland
| | - L Domański
- Clinical Department of Nephrology, Transplantology, and Internal Medicine, Pomeranian Medical University, Szczecin, Poland.
| | - E Kwiatkowska
- Clinical Department of Nephrology, Transplantology, and Internal Medicine, Pomeranian Medical University, Szczecin, Poland
| | - K Safranow
- Department of Biochemistry and Medical Chemistry, Pomeranian Medical University, Szczecin, Poland
| | - A Drozd
- Department of Biochemistry and Human Nutrition, Pomeranian Medical University, Szczecin, Poland
| | - A Ciechanowicz
- Department of Laboratory Diagnostics and Molecular Medicine, Pomeranian Medical University, Szczecin, Poland
| | - K Ciechanowski
- Clinical Department of Nephrology, Transplantology, and Internal Medicine, Pomeranian Medical University, Szczecin, Poland
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21
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Barrett JH, Iles MM, Dunning AM, Pooley KA. Telomere length and common disease: study design and analytical challenges. Hum Genet 2015; 134:679-89. [PMID: 25986438 PMCID: PMC4460268 DOI: 10.1007/s00439-015-1563-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2015] [Accepted: 05/04/2015] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Abstract
Telomeres, the repetitive sequences that protect the ends of chromosomes, help to maintain genomic integrity and are of key importance to human health. The aim here is to give an overview of the evidence for the importance of telomere length (TL) to the risk of common disease, considering the strengths and weaknesses of different epidemiological study designs. Methods for measuring TL are described, all of which are subject to considerable measurement error. TL declines with age and varies in relation to factors such as smoking and obesity. It is also highly heritable (estimated heritability of ~40 to 50%), and genome-wide studies have identified a number of associated genetic variants. Epidemiological studies have shown shorter TL to be associated with risk of a number of common diseases, including cardiovascular disease and some cancers. The relationship with cancer appears complex, in that longer telomeres are associated with higher risk of some cancers. Prospective studies of the relationship between TL and disease, where TL is measured before diagnosis, have numerous advantages over retrospective studies, since they avoid the problems of reverse causality and differences in sample handling, but they are still subject to potential confounding. Studies of the genetic predictors of TL in relation to disease risk avoid these drawbacks, although they are not without limitations. Telomere biology is of major importance to the risk of common disease, but the complexities of the relationship are only now beginning to be understood.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jennifer H Barrett
- Section of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Leeds Institute of Cancer and Pathology, University of Leeds, St James's University Hospital, Beckett Street, Leeds, LS9 7TF, UK,
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22
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Kłoda K, Domanski L, Kwiatkowska E, Borowiecka E, Safranow K, Drozd A, Ciechanowicz A, Maciejewska-Karłowska A, Sawczuk M, Pawlik A, Ciechanowski K. hTERT, BICD1 and Chromosome 18 Polymorphisms Associated with Telomere Length Affect Kidney Allograft Function After Transplantation. Kidney Blood Press Res 2015; 40:111-20. [DOI: 10.1159/000368487] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 02/03/2015] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
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23
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Mo W, Tong C, Zhang Y, Lu H. microRNAs' differential regulations mediate the progress of Human Papillomavirus (HPV)-induced Cervical Intraepithelial Neoplasia (CIN). BMC SYSTEMS BIOLOGY 2015; 9:4. [PMID: 25889737 PMCID: PMC4337110 DOI: 10.1186/s12918-015-0145-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2014] [Accepted: 01/16/2015] [Indexed: 11/14/2022]
Abstract
Background microRNA (miRNA)’s direct regulation on target mRNA is affected by complex factors beyond miRNA. Therefore, at different stages during the course of carcinogenesis, miRNA may regulate different targets, which we termed ‘miRNA’s differential regulation’. HPV-induced cervical intraepithelial neoplasia (CIN) is an important pre-cancerous course ahead of cervical cancer formation. Currently, the molecular mechanisms of CIN progress remain poorly understood, and it is interesting to unravel this from the perspective of miRNA differential regulation. Results In this study, we performed transcriptome analysis of miRNAs and mRNAs for the totally 24 cervical samples in three stages (normal, CIN I, and CIN III) along CIN progress, and proposed the SIG++ algorithm to detect the miRNA — mRNA pairs with significant regulation change, and further proposed the definitions of Efficient Pair, Efficient Target, and Related Effector Biological Process, as the elemental steps to construct miRNA differential regulatory network. Finally, for the course of disease progressing from normal stage to CIN I stage, and for the course of disease progressing from CIN I stage to CIN III stage, miRNA differential regulatory networks were constructed, respectively, based on two distinct strategies: one is founded on the knowledge of human GO biological processes to detect Efficient Targets and Related Effector Biological Processes, the other is solely founded on literature review to detect the targets closely related to cervical carcinogenesis and instructive in revealing mechanisms that promote CIN development. Conclusions This study provided the conception of miRNA’s differential regulation, the algorithm for how to identify them during disease development, and the strategy for how to construct miRNA differential regulatory network with instructive biological meanings. The finally constructed networks provide clues for understanding CIN progress. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (doi:10.1186/s12918-015-0145-3) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenjuan Mo
- State Key Laboratory of Genetic Engineering, School of Life Science, and Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Fudan University, 200433, Shanghai, China. .,Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Industrial Microorganisms, 200433, Shanghai, China. .,Collaborative Innovation Center of Cancer Medicine, 200433, Shanghai, China.
| | - Chao Tong
- State Key Laboratory of Genetic Engineering, School of Life Science, and Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Fudan University, 200433, Shanghai, China. .,Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Industrial Microorganisms, 200433, Shanghai, China. .,Collaborative Innovation Center of Cancer Medicine, 200433, Shanghai, China.
| | - Yan Zhang
- Department of Gynaecology and Obstetrics in Changhai Hospital, 200433, Shanghai, China.
| | - Hong Lu
- State Key Laboratory of Genetic Engineering, School of Life Science, and Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Fudan University, 200433, Shanghai, China. .,Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Industrial Microorganisms, 200433, Shanghai, China. .,Collaborative Innovation Center of Cancer Medicine, 200433, Shanghai, China.
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24
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Fulcher N, Teubenbacher A, Kerdaffrec E, Farlow A, Nordborg M, Riha K. Genetic architecture of natural variation of telomere length in Arabidopsis thaliana. Genetics 2015; 199:625-35. [PMID: 25488978 PMCID: PMC4317667 DOI: 10.1534/genetics.114.172163] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2014] [Accepted: 11/25/2014] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Telomeres represent the repetitive sequences that cap chromosome ends and are essential for their protection. Telomere length is known to be highly heritable and is derived from a homeostatic balance between telomeric lengthening and shortening activities. Specific loci that form the genetic framework underlying telomere length homeostasis, however, are not well understood. To investigate the extent of natural variation of telomere length in Arabidopsis thaliana, we examined 229 worldwide accessions by terminal restriction fragment analysis. The results showed a wide range of telomere lengths that are specific to individual accessions. To identify loci that are responsible for this variation, we adopted a quantitative trait loci (QTL) mapping approach with multiple recombinant inbred line (RIL) populations. A doubled haploid RIL population was first produced using centromere-mediated genome elimination between accessions with long (Pro-0) and intermediate (Col-0) telomere lengths. Composite interval mapping analysis of this population along with two established RIL populations (Ler-2/Cvi-0 and Est-1/Col-0) revealed a number of shared and unique QTL. QTL detected in the Ler-2/Cvi-0 population were examined using near isogenic lines that confirmed causative regions on chromosomes 1 and 2. In conclusion, this work describes the extent of natural variation of telomere length in A. thaliana, identifies a network of QTL that influence telomere length homeostasis, examines telomere length dynamics in plants with hybrid backgrounds, and shows the effects of two identified regions on telomere length regulation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nick Fulcher
- Gregor Mendel Institute, Austrian Academy of Sciences, Vienna Biocenter, Vienna 1030, Austria
| | - Astrid Teubenbacher
- Gregor Mendel Institute, Austrian Academy of Sciences, Vienna Biocenter, Vienna 1030, Austria
| | - Envel Kerdaffrec
- Gregor Mendel Institute, Austrian Academy of Sciences, Vienna Biocenter, Vienna 1030, Austria
| | - Ashley Farlow
- Gregor Mendel Institute, Austrian Academy of Sciences, Vienna Biocenter, Vienna 1030, Austria
| | - Magnus Nordborg
- Gregor Mendel Institute, Austrian Academy of Sciences, Vienna Biocenter, Vienna 1030, Austria
| | - Karel Riha
- Gregor Mendel Institute, Austrian Academy of Sciences, Vienna Biocenter, Vienna 1030, Austria Central European Institute of Technology, Masaryk University, Kamenice 753/5, Brno, Czech Republic
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Hardin M, Silverman EK. Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease Genetics: A Review of the Past and a Look Into the Future. CHRONIC OBSTRUCTIVE PULMONARY DISEASES-JOURNAL OF THE COPD FOUNDATION 2014; 1:33-46. [PMID: 28848809 DOI: 10.15326/jcopdf.1.1.2014.0120] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) affects over 10 million Americans.1 This complex disorder demonstrates many different presentations in a wide variety of patients, and results from a combination of environmental exposures and genetic risk factors. Smoking alone does not result in COPD: not all smokers develop COPD and lung function decline among smokers is highly variable. There is growing evidence for genetic risk factors for COPD: early familial aggregation and linkage analysis studies strongly suggested genetic contributions to COPD, and recent genome-wide association studies have identified several genomic regions that are clearly related to COPD susceptibility. However, despite recent advances in COPD genetics, much of the heritability of COPD remains unexplained, and functional studies are only beginning to elucidate a role for the genetic associations that have been identified. Despite this, the future is bright for understanding the genetics of COPD. Improvements in COPD phenotyping, collaborations among COPD study cohorts, and novel integrative approaches to identifying genetic markers all promise to unravel much of this missing heritability and ultimately lead to improvements in our understanding of COPD susceptibility and treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Megan Hardin
- Channing Division of Network Medicine and Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA
| | - Edwin K Silverman
- Channing Division of Network Medicine and Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA
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26
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Maubaret CG, Salpea KD, Romanoski CE, Folkersen L, Cooper JA, Stephanou C, Wah Li K, Palmen J, Hamsten A, Neil A, Stephens JW, Lusis AJ, Eriksson P, Talmud PJ, Humphries SE. Association of TERC and OBFC1 haplotypes with mean leukocyte telomere length and risk for coronary heart disease. PLoS One 2013; 8:e83122. [PMID: 24349443 PMCID: PMC3861448 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0083122] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/07/2013] [Accepted: 10/31/2013] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective To replicate the associations of leukocyte telomere length (LTL) with variants at four loci and to investigate their associations with coronary heart disease (CHD) and type II diabetes (T2D), in order to examine possible causal effects of telomere maintenance machinery on disease aetiology. Methods Four SNPs at three loci BICD1 (rs2630578 GγC), 18q12.2 (rs2162440 GγT), and OBFC1 (rs10786775 CγG, rs11591710 AγC) were genotyped in four studies comprised of 2353 subjects out of which 1148 had CHD and 566 T2D. Three SNPs (rs12696304 CγG, rs10936601G>T and rs16847897 GγC) at the TERC locus were genotyped in these four studies, in addition to an offspring study of 765 healthy students. For all samples, LTL had been measured using a real-time PCR-based method. Results Only one SNP was associated with a significant effect on LTL, with the minor allele G of OBFC1 rs10786775 SNP being associated with longer LTL (β=0.029, P=0.04). No SNPs were significantly associated with CHD or T2D. For OBFC1 the haplotype carrying both rare alleles (rs10786775G and rs11591710C, haplotype frequency 0.089) was associated with lower CHD prevalence (OR: 0.77; 95% CI: 0.61–0.97; P= 0.03). The TERC haplotype GTC (rs12696304G, rs10936601T and rs16847897C, haplotype frequency 0.210) was associated with lower risk for both CHD (OR: 0.86; 95% CI: 0.75-0.99; P=0.04) and T2D (OR: 0.74; 95% CI: 0.61–0.91; P= 0.004), with no effect on LTL. Only the last association remained after adjusting for multiple testing. Conclusion Of reported associations, only that between the OBFC1 rs10786775 SNP and LTL was confirmed, although our study has a limited power to detect modest effects. A 2-SNP OBFC1 haplotype was associated with higher risk of CHD, and a 3-SNP TERC haplotype was associated with both higher risk of CHD and T2D. Further work is required to confirm these results and explore the mechanisms of these effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cécilia G. Maubaret
- Cardiovascular Genetics, BHF Laboratories,University College London (UCL), London, United Kingdom
- ISPED, Université Bordeaux Ségalen/INSERM u.897, Bordeaux, France
- * E-mail:
| | - Klelia D. Salpea
- Cardiovascular Genetics, BHF Laboratories,University College London (UCL), London, United Kingdom
- Institute of Molecular Biology & Genetics, Biomedical Sciences Research Center "Alexander Fleming", Athens, Greece
| | - Casey E. Romanoski
- Department of Human Genetics, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California, United States of America
| | - Lasse Folkersen
- Atherosclerosis Research Unit, Center for Molecular Medicine, Department of Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Jackie A. Cooper
- Cardiovascular Genetics, BHF Laboratories,University College London (UCL), London, United Kingdom
| | - Coralea Stephanou
- Cardiovascular Genetics, BHF Laboratories,University College London (UCL), London, United Kingdom
| | - Ka Wah Li
- Cardiovascular Genetics, BHF Laboratories,University College London (UCL), London, United Kingdom
| | - Jutta Palmen
- Cardiovascular Genetics, BHF Laboratories,University College London (UCL), London, United Kingdom
| | - Anders Hamsten
- Atherosclerosis Research Unit, Department of Medicine Solna, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Andrew Neil
- Division Public Health & Primary Health Care, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom
| | - Jeffrey W. Stephens
- Diabetes Research Group, School of Medicine, Swansea University, Swansea, United Kingdom
| | - Aldons J. Lusis
- Department of Human Genetics, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California, United States of America
| | - Per Eriksson
- Atherosclerosis Research Unit, Center for Molecular Medicine, Department of Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Philippa J. Talmud
- Cardiovascular Genetics, BHF Laboratories,University College London (UCL), London, United Kingdom
| | - Steve E. Humphries
- Cardiovascular Genetics, BHF Laboratories,University College London (UCL), London, United Kingdom
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Gansner JM, Rosas IO. Telomeres in lung disease. Transl Res 2013; 162:343-52. [PMID: 23618685 DOI: 10.1016/j.trsl.2013.04.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/14/2013] [Revised: 04/02/2013] [Accepted: 04/03/2013] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Telomeres are DNA-protein structures that cap the ends of chromosomes; telomerase is the enzyme that ensures their integrity. Telomere biology has recently been implicated in the pathogenesis of a variety of lung diseases, including idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease/emphysema, and lung cancer. This review highlights recent discoveries pertaining to the role of telomere biology in lung disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- John M Gansner
- Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Mass.
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28
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Cao L, Liu Y, Shen Q, Zhao X, Wang T, He L. Association analysis of four single nucleotide polymorphisms with leukocyte telomere length in two Chinese populations. J Genet Genomics 2013; 40:489-91. [PMID: 24053950 DOI: 10.1016/j.jgg.2013.08.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/26/2013] [Revised: 07/30/2013] [Accepted: 08/02/2013] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Lan Cao
- Institutes of Biomedical Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China
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29
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Braoudaki M, Lambrou GI, Vougas K, Karamolegou K, Tsangaris GT, Tzortzatou-Stathopoulou F. Protein biomarkers distinguish between high- and low-risk pediatric acute lymphoblastic leukemia in a tissue specific manner. J Hematol Oncol 2013; 6:52. [PMID: 23849470 PMCID: PMC3717072 DOI: 10.1186/1756-8722-6-52] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/19/2013] [Accepted: 07/04/2013] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
The current study evaluated the differential expression detected in the proteomic profiles of low risk- and high risk- ALL pediatric patients to characterize candidate biomarkers related to diagnosis, prognosis and patient targeted therapy. Bone marrow and peripheral blood plasma and cell lysates samples were obtained from pediatric patients with low- (LR) and high-risk (HR) ALL at diagnosis. As controls, non-leukemic pediatric patients were studied. Cytogenetic analysis was carried out by G- banding and interphase fluorescent in situ hybridization. Differential proteomic analysis was performed using two-dimensional gel electrophoresis and protein identification by matrix-assisted laser desorption ionization time-of-flight mass spectrometry. The differential expression of certain proteins was confirmed by Western blot analysis. The obtained data revealed that CLUS, CERU, APOE, APOA4, APOA1, GELS, S10A9, AMBP, ACTB, CATA and AFAM proteins play a significant role in leukemia prognosis, potentially serving as distinctive biomarkers for leukemia aggressiveness, or as suppressor proteins in HR-ALL cases. In addition, vitronectin and plasminogen probably contributed to leukemogenesis, whilst bicaudal D-related protein 1 could afford a significant biomarker for pediatric ALL therapeutics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria Braoudaki
- First Department of Pediatrics, University of Athens Medical School, Choremeio Research Laboratory, Thivon & Levadias 11527 Goudi-Athens, Greece
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Sanders JL, Newman AB. Telomere length in epidemiology: a biomarker of aging, age-related disease, both, or neither? Epidemiol Rev 2013; 35:112-31. [PMID: 23302541 DOI: 10.1093/epirev/mxs008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 384] [Impact Index Per Article: 34.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 10/24/2012] [Indexed: 01/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Telomeres are nucleoprotein caps flanking DNA. They are shortened by cell division and oxidative stress and are lengthened by the enzyme telomerase and DNA exchange during mitosis. Short telomeres induce cellular senescence. As an indicator of oxidative stress and senescence (2 processes thought to be fundamental to aging), telomere length is hypothesized to be a biomarker of aging. This hypothesis has been tested for more than a decade with epidemiologic study methods. In cross-sectional studies, researchers have investigated whether leukocyte telomere length (LTL) is associated with demographic, behavioral, and health variables. In prospective studies, baseline LTL has been used to predict mortality and occasionally other adverse health outcomes. Conflicting data have generated heated debate about the value of LTL as a biomarker of overall aging. In this review, we address the epidemiologic data on LTL and demonstrate that shorter LTL is associated with older age, male gender, Caucasian race, and possibly atherosclerosis; associations with other markers of health are equivocal. We discuss the reasons for discrepancy across studies, including a detailed review of methods for measuring telomere length as they apply to epidemiology. Finally, we conclude with questions about LTL as a biomarker of aging and how epidemiology can be used to answer these questions.
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Genetic variants implicated in telomere length associated with left ventricular function in patients with hypertension and cardiac organ damage. J Mol Med (Berl) 2013; 90:1059-67. [PMID: 22314626 DOI: 10.1007/s00109-012-0874-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/18/2011] [Revised: 01/24/2012] [Accepted: 01/26/2012] [Indexed: 10/14/2022]
Abstract
Telomere length has emerged as a biological correlate for ageing, which in turn is a risk factor for the manifestation of cardiovascular diseases. This study investigated the relation between leucocyte telomere length (LTL) and its genetic background to cardiac structure and function in patients with arterial hypertension. We analysed a cohort of 1,106 treated hypertensive patients (83.3% males; mean age, 57.9 ± 9.8 years) with an ejection fraction (EF) over 40% and documented cardiovascular disease or target organ damage. LTL and genotypes of single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs), previously implicated in LTL, were determined by real-time PCR. The mean left ventricular mass index (LVMI) and EF were 51.8 ± 21.0 g/H2.7 and 61.1 ± 9.6%, respectively. In multivariate adjusted analysis, a 1.5-fold LTL was positively related with a 2.2% increase of LVMI (CI = 0.1% to 4.2%, p = 0.044) and an absolute increase in EF of 0.6% (CI = 0.1% to 1.1%, p = 0.028). One SNP near TERC (rs16847897) showed a significant absolute difference in EF dependent on allele status (rs16847897, G allele 2.7%; CI = 0.7% to 4.6%; p raw = 0.008, p mt = 0.048, after adjustment for multiple testing). This applied also for two SNPs in BICD1 (rs2630578, C allele −1.8%; CI = −2.8% to −0.7%; p raw = 0.002, p mt = 0.018; rs1151026, G allele −1.9%, CI = −3.0% to −0.8%; p raw < 0.001, p mt = 0.002) with the extension that a frequent haplotype in BICD1 showed an absolute −1.8% (CI = −3.0% to −0.7%; p raw = 0.002, p mt = 0.008) lower EF compared with those lacking this haplotype. Our results point to a role of genetic variants recently implicated in LTL for left ventricular function in hypertensive patients.
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Berndt A, Leme AS, Shapiro SD. Emerging genetics of COPD. EMBO Mol Med 2012; 4:1144-55. [PMID: 23090857 PMCID: PMC3494872 DOI: 10.1002/emmm.201100627] [Citation(s) in RCA: 57] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/05/2012] [Revised: 08/27/2012] [Accepted: 09/12/2012] [Indexed: 12/03/2022] Open
Abstract
Since the discovery of alpha-1 antitrypsin in the early 1960s, several new genes have been suggested to play a role in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) pathogenesis. Yet, in spite of those advances, much about the genetic basis of COPD still remains to be discovered. Unbiased approaches, such as genome-wide association (GWA) studies, are critical to identify genes and pathways and to verify suggested genetic variants. Indeed, most of our current understanding about COPD candidate genes originates from GWA studies. Experiments in form of cross-study replications and advanced meta-analyses have propelled the field towards unravelling details about COPD's pathogenesis. Here, we review the discovery of genetic variants in association with COPD phenotypes by discussing the available approaches and current findings. Limitations of current studies are considered and future directions provided.
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Affiliation(s)
- Annerose Berndt
- Division of Pulmonary, Allergy and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh Medical Center, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, PA, USA.
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Zhang W, Chen Y, Yang X, Fan J, Mi X, Wang J, Zhang C, Hu FB, Hui R. Functional haplotypes of the hTERT gene, leukocyte telomere length shortening, and the risk of peripheral arterial disease. PLoS One 2012; 7:e47029. [PMID: 23082138 PMCID: PMC3474805 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0047029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2012] [Accepted: 09/07/2012] [Indexed: 01/06/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The development of peripheral arterial disease (PAD) is heterogeneous even in the presence of similar risk factors. Our aim was to determine whether inter-individual differences in leukocyte telomere length contribute to the susceptibility of PAD. METHODS A total of 485 patients with PAD (defined by the ankle-brachial index) and 970 age- and gender-matched controls were recruited from seven rural communities in Henan Province in China. The relative leukocyte telomere length was determined by a quantitative PCR-based method. Two common promoter variants of the hTERT gene were genotyped to assess their effects on telomere length and the risk of PAD. In vivo luciferase assay was performed to study the transcriptional activity. RESULTS After adjustment for vascular risk factors and genetic variants in the hTERT gene, individuals in the lowest and middle tertiles of telomere length had a significantly higher risk of PAD than did those in the highest tertile (odds ratio [OR] 1.73, 95% confidence interval [CI] 1.29-2.49 in the middle tertile; 3.15, 95%CI 2.31-4.29 in the lowest tertile). Haplotype analysis using the 2 variants (rs2735940 and rs2853669) showed that subjects with the at-risk C-C haplotype had shorter telomere length than those individuals with the T-T haplotype and consistently had 1.30-fold (OR 1.30, 95%CI 1.06-1.58; P=0.005) increased risk for PAD. The C-C haplotype had 43% lowered transcription activity of hTERT promoter (P<0.001). CONCLUSION The associations between the functional haplotype of hTERT gene and telomere length and the risk of atherosclerotic PAD suggested that mean leukocyte telomere length may independently serve as a potential predictor of PAD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Weili Zhang
- Sino-German Laboratory for Molecular Medicine, FuWai Hospital, National Center for Cardiovascular Disease, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China.
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Kim S, Parks CG, Xu Z, Carswell G, DeRoo LA, Sandler DP, Taylor JA. Association between genetic variants in DNA and histone methylation and telomere length. PLoS One 2012; 7:e40504. [PMID: 22792358 PMCID: PMC3394714 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0040504] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/26/2012] [Accepted: 06/11/2012] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Telomere length, a biomarker of aging and age-related diseases, exhibits wide variation between individuals. Common genetic variation may explain some of the individual differences in telomere length. To date, however, only a few genetic variants have been identified in the previous genome-wide association studies. As emerging data suggest epigenetic regulation of telomere length, we investigated 72 single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in 46 genes that involve DNA and histone methylation as well as telomerase and telomere-binding proteins and DNA damage response. Genotyping and quantification of telomere length were performed in blood samples from 989 non-Hispanic white participants of the Sister Study, a prospective cohort of women aged 35-74 years. The association of each SNP with logarithmically-transformed relative telomere length was estimated using multivariate linear regression. Six SNPs were associated with relative telomere length in blood cells with p-values<0.05 (uncorrected for multiple comparisons). The minor alleles of BHMT rs3733890 G>A (p = 0.041), MTRR rs2966952 C>T (p = 0.002) and EHMT2 rs558702 G>A (p = 0.008) were associated with shorter telomeres, while minor alleles of ATM rs1801516 G>A (p = 0.031), MTR rs1805087 A>G (p = 0.038) and PRMT8 rs12299470 G>A (p = 0.019) were associated with longer telomeres. Five of these SNPs are located in genes coding for proteins involved in DNA and histone methylation. Our results are consistent with recent findings that chromatin structure is epigenetically regulated and may influence the genomic integrity of telomeric region and telomere length maintenance. Larger studies with greater coverage of the genes implicated in DNA methylation and histone modifications are warranted to replicate these findings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sangmi Kim
- Department of Medicine - Section of Hematology/Oncology, Georgia Health Sciences University Cancer Center, Augusta, Georgia, United States of America
- Epidemiology Branch, National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, Research Triangle Park, North Carolina, United States of America
- * E-mail: (SK); (JAT)
| | - Christine G. Parks
- Epidemiology Branch, National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, Research Triangle Park, North Carolina, United States of America
| | - Zongli Xu
- Epidemiology Branch, National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, Research Triangle Park, North Carolina, United States of America
- Laboratory of Molecular Carcinogenesis, National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, Research Triangle Park, North Carolina, United States of America
| | - Gleta Carswell
- Laboratory of Molecular Carcinogenesis, National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, Research Triangle Park, North Carolina, United States of America
| | - Lisa A. DeRoo
- Epidemiology Branch, National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, Research Triangle Park, North Carolina, United States of America
| | - Dale P. Sandler
- Epidemiology Branch, National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, Research Triangle Park, North Carolina, United States of America
| | - Jack A. Taylor
- Epidemiology Branch, National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, Research Triangle Park, North Carolina, United States of America
- Laboratory of Molecular Carcinogenesis, National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, Research Triangle Park, North Carolina, United States of America
- * E-mail: (SK); (JAT)
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Dolfini D, Gatta R, Mantovani R. NF-Y and the transcriptional activation of CCAAT promoters. Crit Rev Biochem Mol Biol 2011; 47:29-49. [PMID: 22050321 DOI: 10.3109/10409238.2011.628970] [Citation(s) in RCA: 171] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
The CCAAT box promoter element and NF-Y, the transcription factor (TF) that binds to it, were among the first cis-elements and trans-acting factors identified; their interplay is required for transcriptional activation of a sizeable number of eukaryotic genes. NF-Y consists of three evolutionarily conserved subunits: a dimer of NF-YB and NF-YC which closely resembles a histone, and the "innovative" NF-YA. In this review, we will provide an update on the functional and biological features that make NF-Y a fundamental link between chromatin and transcription. The last 25 years have witnessed a spectacular increase in our knowledge of how genes are regulated: from the identification of cis-acting sequences in promoters and enhancers, and the biochemical characterization of the corresponding TFs, to the merging of chromatin studies with the investigation of enzymatic machines that regulate epigenetic states. Originally identified and studied in yeast and mammals, NF-Y - also termed CBF and CP1 - is composed of three subunits, NF-YA, NF-YB and NF-YC. The complex recognizes the CCAAT pentanucleotide and specific flanking nucleotides with high specificity (Dorn et al., 1997; Hatamochi et al., 1988; Hooft van Huijsduijnen et al, 1987; Kim & Sheffery, 1990). A compelling set of bioinformatics studies clarified that the NF-Y preferred binding site is one of the most frequent promoter elements (Suzuki et al., 2001, 2004; Elkon et al., 2003; Mariño-Ramírez et al., 2004; FitzGerald et al., 2004; Linhart et al., 2005; Zhu et al., 2005; Lee et al., 2007; Abnizova et al., 2007; Grskovic et al., 2007; Halperin et al., 2009; Häkkinen et al., 2011). The same consensus, as determined by mutagenesis and SELEX studies (Bi et al., 1997), was also retrieved in ChIP-on-chip analysis (Testa et al., 2005; Ceribelli et al., 2006; Ceribelli et al., 2008; Reed et al., 2008). Additional structural features of the CCAAT box - position, orientation, presence of multiple Transcriptional Start Sites - were previously reviewed (Dolfini et al., 2009) and will not be considered in detail here.
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Affiliation(s)
- Diletta Dolfini
- Dipartimento di Scienze Biomolecolari e Biotecnologie, Università degli Studi di Milano, Milan, Italy
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Abstract
Previous family studies suggested that genetic variation contributes to COPD susceptibility. The only gene proven to influence COPD susceptibility is SERPINA1, encoding α1-antitrypsin. Most studies on COPD candidate genes except SERPINA1, have not been consistently replicated. However, longitudinal studies of decline in lung function, meta-analyses of candidate gene studies, and family-based linkage analyses suggested that variants in EPHX1, GST, MMP12, TGFB1, and SERPINE2 were associated with susceptibility to COPD. A genome-wide association (GWA) study has recently demonstrated that CHRNA3/5 in 15q25 was associated with COPD compared with control smokers. It was of interest that the CHRNA3/5 locus was associated with nicotine dependence and lung cancer as well. The associations of HHIP on 4q31 and FAM13A on 4q22 with COPD were also suggested in GWA studies. Another GWA study has shown that BICD1 in 12p11 was associated with the presence or absence of emphysema. Although every genetic study on COPD has some limitations including heterogeneity in smoking behaviors and comorbidities, it has contributed to the progress in elucidating the pathogenesis of COPD. Future studies will make us understand the mechanisms underlying the polygenic disease, leading to the development of a specific treatment for each phenotype.
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Fischer BM, Pavlisko E, Voynow JA. Pathogenic triad in COPD: oxidative stress, protease-antiprotease imbalance, and inflammation. Int J Chron Obstruct Pulmon Dis 2011; 6:413-21. [PMID: 21857781 PMCID: PMC3157944 DOI: 10.2147/copd.s10770] [Citation(s) in RCA: 192] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2011] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) exhibit dominant features of chronic bronchitis, emphysema, and/or asthma, with a common phenotype of airflow obstruction. COPD pulmonary physiology reflects the sum of pathological changes in COPD, which can occur in large central airways, small peripheral airways, and the lung parenchyma. Quantitative or high-resolution computed tomography is used as a surrogate measure for assessment of disease progression. Different biological or molecular markers have been reported that reflect the mechanistic or pathogenic triad of inflammation, proteases, and oxidants and correspond to the different aspects of COPD histopathology. Similar to the pathogenic triad markers, genetic variations or polymorphisms have also been linked to COPD-associated inflammation, protease–antiprotease imbalance, and oxidative stress. Furthermore, in recent years, there have been reports identifying aging-associated mechanistic markers as downstream consequences of the pathogenic triad in the lungs from COPD patients. For this review, the authors have limited their discussion to a review of mechanistic markers and genetic variations and their association with COPD histopathology and disease status.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bernard M Fischer
- Department of Pediatrics, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC 27710, USA.
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Della-Morte D, Beecham A, Rundek T, Wang L, McClendon MS, Slifer S, Blanton SH, Di Tullio MR, Sacco RL. A follow-up study for left ventricular mass on chromosome 12p11 identifies potential candidate genes. BMC MEDICAL GENETICS 2011; 12:100. [PMID: 21791083 PMCID: PMC3199748 DOI: 10.1186/1471-2350-12-100] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2011] [Accepted: 07/26/2011] [Indexed: 11/14/2022]
Abstract
Background Left ventricular mass (LVM) is an important risk factor for cardiovascular disease. Previously we found evidence for linkage to chromosome 12p11 in Dominican families, with a significant increase in a subset of families with high average waist circumference (WC). In the present study, we use association analysis to further study the genetic effect on LVM. Methods Association analysis with LVM was done in the one LOD critical region of the linkage peak in an independent sample of 897 Caribbean Hispanics. Genotype data were available on 7085 SNPs from 23 to 53 MB on chromosome 12p11. Adjustment was made for vascular risk factors and population substructure using an additive genetic model. Subset analysis by WC was performed to test for a difference in genetic effects between the high and low WC subsets. Results In the overall analysis, the most significant association was found to rs10743465, downstream of the SOX5 gene (p = 1.27E-05). Also, 19 additional SNPs had nominal p < 0.001. In the subset analysis, the most significant difference in genetic effect between those with high and low WC occurred with rs1157480 (p = 1.37E-04 for the difference in β coefficients), located upstream of TMTC1. Twelve additional SNPs in or near 6 genes had p < 0.001. Conclusions The current study supports previously identified evidence by linkage for a genetic effect on LVM on chromosome 12p11 using association analysis in population-based Caribbean Hispanic cohort. SOX5 may play an important role in the regulation of LVM. An interaction of TMTC1 with abdominal obesity may contribute to phenotypic variation of LVM.
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Affiliation(s)
- David Della-Morte
- Department of Neurology, Evelyn F. McKnight Brain Institute, Miller School of Medicine, University of Miami, Miami, FL, USA
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Alfred T, Ben-Shlomo Y, Cooper R, Hardy R, Cooper C, Deary IJ, Elliott J, Gunnell D, Harris SE, Kivimaki M, Kumari M, Martin RM, Power C, Sayer AA, Starr JM, Kuh D, Day INM. Absence of association of a single-nucleotide polymorphism in the TERT-CLPTM1L locus with age-related phenotypes in a large multicohort study: the HALCyon programme. Aging Cell 2011; 10:520-32. [PMID: 21332924 PMCID: PMC3094481 DOI: 10.1111/j.1474-9726.2011.00687.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Several age-related traits are associated with shorter telomeres, the structures that cap the end of linear chromosomes. A common polymorphism near the telomere maintenance gene TERT has been associated with several cancers, but relationships with other aging traits such as physical capability have not been reported. As part of the Healthy Ageing across the Life Course (HALCyon) collaborative research programme, men and women aged between 44 and 90 years from nine UK cohorts were genotyped for the single-nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) rs401681. We then investigated relationships between the SNP and 30 age-related phenotypes, including cognitive and physical capability, blood lipid levels and lung function, pooling within-study genotypic effects in meta-analyses. No significant associations were found between the SNP and any of the cognitive performance tests (e.g. pooled beta per T allele for word recall z-score = 0.02, 95% CI: -0.01 to 0.04, P-value = 0.12, n = 18,737), physical performance tests (e.g. pooled beta for grip strength = -0.02, 95% CI: -0.045 to 0.006, P-value = 0.14, n = 11,711), blood pressure, lung function or blood test measures. Similarly, no differences in observations were found when considering follow-up measures of cognitive or physical performance after adjusting for its measure at an earlier assessment. The lack of associations between SNP rs401681 and a wide range of age-related phenotypes investigated in this large multicohort study suggests that while this SNP may be associated with cancer, it is not an important contributor to other markers of aging.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tamuno Alfred
- School of Social and Community Medicine, University of Bristol, UK.
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Prescott J, Kraft P, Chasman DI, Savage SA, Mirabello L, Berndt SI, Weissfeld JL, Han J, Hayes RB, Chanock SJ, Hunter DJ, De Vivo I. Genome-wide association study of relative telomere length. PLoS One 2011; 6:e19635. [PMID: 21573004 PMCID: PMC3091863 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0019635] [Citation(s) in RCA: 85] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2010] [Accepted: 04/11/2011] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Telomere function is essential to maintaining the physical integrity of linear chromosomes and healthy human aging. The probability of forming proper telomere structures depends on the length of the telomeric DNA tract. We attempted to identify common genetic variants associated with log relative telomere length using genome-wide genotyping data on 3,554 individuals from the Nurses' Health Study and the Prostate, Lung, Colorectal, and Ovarian Cancer Screening Trial that took part in the National Cancer Institute Cancer Genetic Markers of Susceptibility initiative for breast and prostate cancer. After genotyping 64 independent SNPs selected for replication in additional Nurses' Health Study and Women's Genome Health Study participants, we did not identify genome-wide significant loci; however, we replicated the inverse association of log relative telomere length with the minor allele variant [C] of rs16847897 at the TERC locus (per allele β = −0.03, P = 0.003) identified by a previous genome-wide association study. We did not find evidence for an association with variants at the OBFC1 locus or other loci reported to be associated with telomere length. With this sample size we had >80% power to detect β estimates as small as ±0.10 for SNPs with minor allele frequencies of ≥0.15 at genome-wide significance. However, power is greatly reduced for β estimates smaller than ±0.10, such as those for variants at the TERC locus. In general, common genetic variants associated with telomere length homeostasis have been difficult to detect. Potential biological and technical issues are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jennifer Prescott
- Channing Laboratory, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, United States of America
- Program in Molecular and Genetic Epidemiology, Department of Epidemiology, Harvard School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts, United States of America
| | - Peter Kraft
- Program in Molecular and Genetic Epidemiology, Department of Epidemiology, Harvard School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts, United States of America
| | - Daniel I. Chasman
- Donald W. Reynolds Center for Cardiovascular Research, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, United States of America
| | - Sharon A. Savage
- Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, Department of Health and Human Services, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, United States of America
| | - Lisa Mirabello
- Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, Department of Health and Human Services, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, United States of America
| | - Sonja I. Berndt
- Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, Department of Health and Human Services, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, United States of America
| | - Joel L. Weissfeld
- University of Pittsburgh Cancer Institute, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, United States of America
| | - Jiali Han
- Channing Laboratory, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, United States of America
- Program in Molecular and Genetic Epidemiology, Department of Epidemiology, Harvard School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts, United States of America
- Department of Dermatology, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, United States of America
| | - Richard B. Hayes
- Division of Epidemiology, New York University Medical Center, New York, New York, United States of America
| | - Stephen J. Chanock
- Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, Department of Health and Human Services, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, United States of America
| | - David J. Hunter
- Channing Laboratory, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, United States of America
- Program in Molecular and Genetic Epidemiology, Department of Epidemiology, Harvard School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts, United States of America
- Program in Medical and Population Genetics, Broad Institute of Harvard and MIT, Cambridge, Massachusetts, United States of America
| | - Immaculata De Vivo
- Channing Laboratory, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, United States of America
- Program in Molecular and Genetic Epidemiology, Department of Epidemiology, Harvard School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts, United States of America
- * E-mail:
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Gu J, Chen M, Shete S, Amos CI, Kamat A, Ye Y, Lin J, Dinney CP, Wu X. A genome-wide association study identifies a locus on chromosome 14q21 as a predictor of leukocyte telomere length and as a marker of susceptibility for bladder cancer. Cancer Prev Res (Phila) 2011; 4:514-21. [PMID: 21460395 DOI: 10.1158/1940-6207.capr-11-0063] [Citation(s) in RCA: 58] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/30/2023]
Abstract
Telomeres play a critical role in maintaining genome integrity. Telomere shortening is associated with the risk of many aging-related diseases. Classic twin studies have shown that genetic components may contribute up to 80% of the heritability of telomere length. In the study we report here that we used a multistage genome-wide association study to identify genetic determinants of telomere length. The mean telomere length in peripheral blood leukocytes was measured by quantitative real-time PCR. We first analyzed 300,000 single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in 459 healthy controls, finding 15,120 SNPs associated with telomere length at P < 0.05. We then validated these SNPs in two independent populations comprising 890 and 270 healthy controls, respectively. Four SNPs, including rs398652 on 14q21, were associated with telomere length across all three populations (pooled P values of <10(-5)). The variant alleles of these SNPs were associated with longer telomere length. We then analyzed the association of these SNPs with the risk of bladder cancer in a large case-control study. The variant allele of rs398652 was associated with a significantly reduced risk of bladder cancer (odds ratio = 0.81; 95% confidence interval, 0.67-0.97; P = 0.025), consistent with the correlation of this variant allele with longer telomeres. We then conducted a mediation analysis to examine whether the association between rs398652 and reduced bladder cancer risk is mediated by telomere length, finding that telomere length was a significant mediator of the relationship between rs398652 and bladder cancer (P = 0.013), explaining 14% of the effect. In conclusion, we found that the SNP rs398652 on 14q21 was associated with longer telomere length and a reduced risk of bladder cancer and that a portion of the effect of this SNP on bladder cancer risk was mediated by telomere length.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jian Gu
- Department of Epidemiology, Unit 1340, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, 1155 Pressler Blvd, Houston, TX 77030, USA
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Common variants near TERC are associated with leukocyte telomere length in the Chinese Han population. Eur J Hum Genet 2011; 19:721-3. [PMID: 21304559 DOI: 10.1038/ejhg.2011.4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/21/2023] Open
Abstract
A recent genome-wide association study has identified an association between leukocyte telomere length (LTL) and a locus at 3q26 that includes TERC. In order to evaluate the effects of the SNPs rs12696304 and rs16847897 near TERC in the population of mainland China, we conducted an association study of LTL focusing on these two candidate SNPs in a sample of 4016 Chinese Han individuals. Multiple linear regression analyses were performed to evaluate the association of LTL with each SNP adjusted for age, gender and diabetes status. In the study, we confirmed the association of SNP rs12696304 and rs16847897 near TERC with LTL in the Chinese Han population (P ∼ 4.5 × 10(-3) and 9.5 × 10(-5), respectively). Each copy of the major allele of rs12696304 and rs16847897 was associated with a shorter mean telomere length of 0.024 and 0.031 T/S respectively, which is equivalent to about 3 and 4 years of average age-related telomere attrition. Our short report confirmed the effects of SNPs near TERC on LTL in the Chinese Han population for the first time.
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Kong X, Cho MH, Anderson W, Coxson HO, Muller N, Washko G, Hoffman EA, Bakke P, Gulsvik A, Lomas DA, Silverman EK, Pillai SG. Genome-wide association study identifies BICD1 as a susceptibility gene for emphysema. Am J Respir Crit Care Med 2011; 183:43-9. [PMID: 20709820 PMCID: PMC3040393 DOI: 10.1164/rccm.201004-0541oc] [Citation(s) in RCA: 93] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/11/2010] [Accepted: 08/12/2010] [Indexed: 01/17/2023] Open
Abstract
RATIONALE chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), characterized by airflow limitation, is a disorder with high phenotypic and genetic heterogeneity. Pulmonary emphysema is a major but variable component of COPD; familial data suggest that different components of COPD, such as emphysema, may be influenced by specific genetic factors. OBJECTIVES to identify genetic determinants of emphysema assessed through high-resolution chest computed tomography in individuals with COPD. METHODS we performed a genome-wide association study (GWAS) of emphysema determined from chest computed tomography scans with a total of 2,380 individuals with COPD in three independent cohorts of white individuals from (1) a cohort from Bergen, Norway, (2) the Evaluation of COPD Longitudinally to Identify Predictive Surrogate Endpoints (ECLIPSE) Study, and (3) the National Emphysema Treatment Trial (NETT). We tested single-nucleotide polymorphism associations with the presence or absence of emphysema determined by radiologist assessment in two of the three cohorts and a quantitative emphysema trait (percentage of lung voxels less than -950 Hounsfield units) in all three cohorts. MEASUREMENTS AND MAIN RESULTS we identified association of a single-nucleotide polymorphism in BICD1 with the presence or absence of emphysema (P = 5.2 × 10(-7) with at least mild emphysema vs. control subjects; P = 4.8 × 10(-8) with moderate and more severe emphysema vs. control subjects). CONCLUSIONS our study suggests that genetic variants in BICD1 are associated with qualitative emphysema in COPD. Variants in BICD1 are associated with length of telomeres, which suggests that a mechanism linked to accelerated aging may be involved in the pathogenesis of emphysema. Clinical trial registered with www.clinicaltrials.gov (NCT00292552).
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiangyang Kong
- Research and Development, GlaxoSmithKline, 709 Swedeland Road, UW2230, King of Prussia, PA 19406, USA.
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Mirabello L, Yu K, Kraft P, De Vivo I, Hunter DJ, Prescott J, Wong JYY, Chatterjee N, Hayes RB, Savage SA. The association of telomere length and genetic variation in telomere biology genes. Hum Mutat 2010; 31:1050-8. [PMID: 20597107 DOI: 10.1002/humu.21314] [Citation(s) in RCA: 82] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
Abstract
Telomeres cap chromosome ends and are critical for genomic stability. Many telomere-associated proteins are important for telomere length maintenance. Recent genome-wide association studies (GWAS) have identified single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in genes encoding telomere-associated proteins (RTEL1 and TERT-CLPTM1) as markers of cancer risk. We conducted an association study of telomere length and 743 SNPs in 43 telomere biology genes. Telomere length in peripheral blood DNA was determined by Q-PCR in 3,646 participants from the Prostate, Lung, Colorectal, and Ovarian Cancer Screening Trial and Nurses' Health Study. We investigated associations by SNP, gene, and pathway (functional group). We found no associations between telomere length and SNPs in TERT-CLPTM1L or RTEL1. Telomere length was not significantly associated with specific functional groups. Thirteen SNPs from four genes (MEN1, MRE11A, RECQL5, and TNKS) were significantly associated with telomere length. The strongest findings were in MEN1 (gene-based P=0.006), menin, which associates with the telomerase promoter and may negatively regulate telomerase. This large association study did not find strong associations with telomere length. The combination of limited diversity and evolutionary conservation suggest that these genes may be under selective pressure. More work is needed to explore the role of genetic variants in telomere length regulation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lisa Mirabello
- Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Department of Health and Human Services, Bethesda, Maryland 20892, USA.
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46
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Sizing the ends: normal length of human telomeres. Ann Anat 2010; 192:284-91. [PMID: 20732797 DOI: 10.1016/j.aanat.2010.07.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 83] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2010] [Accepted: 07/18/2010] [Indexed: 01/14/2023]
Abstract
The ends of human chromosomes are constituted of telomeres, a nucleoprotein complex. They are mainly formed by the entanglement of repeat DNA and telomeric and non-telomeric proteins. Telomeric sequences are lost in each cell division and this loss happens in vitro as well as in vivo. The diminution of telomere length over the cell cycle has led to the consideration of telomeres as a 'mitotic clock'. Telomere lengths are heterogeneous because they differ among tissues, cells, and chromosome arms. Cell proliferation capacity, cellular environment, and epigenetic factors are some elements that affect this telomere heterogeneity. Also, genetic and environmental factors modulate the difference in telomere lengths between individuals. Telomere length is regulated by telomere structure, telomerase, the enzyme that elongates the 3'-end of telomeres, and alternative lengthening of telomeres (ALT) used exclusively in immortalized and cancer cells. The understanding of telomere length dynamic in the normal population is essential to develop a deeper insight into the role of telomere function in pathological settings.
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47
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Genome-wide association study of pancreatic cancer in Japanese population. PLoS One 2010; 5:e11824. [PMID: 20686608 PMCID: PMC2912284 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0011824] [Citation(s) in RCA: 109] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/07/2010] [Accepted: 07/03/2010] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Pancreatic cancer shows very poor prognosis and is the fifth leading cause of cancer death in Japan. Previous studies indicated some genetic factors contributing to the development and progression of pancreatic cancer; however, there are limited reports for common genetic variants to be associated with this disease, especially in the Asian population. We have conducted a genome-wide association study (GWAS) using 991 invasive pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma cases and 5,209 controls, and identified three loci showing significant association (P-value<5×10−7) with susceptibility to pancreatic cancer. The SNPs that showed significant association carried estimated odds ratios of 1.29, 1.32, and 3.73 with 95% confidence intervals of 1.17–1.43, 1.19–1.47, and 2.24–6.21; P-value of 3.30×10−7, 3.30×10−7, and 4.41×10−7; located on chromosomes 6p25.3, 12p11.21 and 7q36.2, respectively. These associated SNPs are located within linkage disequilibrium blocks containing genes that have been implicated some roles in the oncogenesis of pancreatic cancer.
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Levy D, Neuhausen SL, Hunt SC, Kimura M, Hwang SJ, Chen W, Bis JC, Fitzpatrick AL, Smith E, Johnson AD, Gardner JP, Srinivasan SR, Schork N, Rotter JI, Herbig U, Psaty BM, Sastrasinh M, Murray SS, Vasan RS, Province MA, Glazer NL, Lu X, Cao X, Kronmal R, Mangino M, Soranzo N, Spector TD, Berenson GS, Aviv A. Genome-wide association identifies OBFC1 as a locus involved in human leukocyte telomere biology. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2010; 107:9293-8. [PMID: 20421499 PMCID: PMC2889047 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.0911494107] [Citation(s) in RCA: 217] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Telomeres are engaged in a host of cellular functions, and their length is regulated by multiple genes. Telomere shortening, in the course of somatic cell replication, ultimately leads to replicative senescence. In humans, rare mutations in genes that regulate telomere length have been identified in monogenic diseases such as dyskeratosis congenita and idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis, which are associated with shortened leukocyte telomere length (LTL) and increased risk for aplastic anemia. Shortened LTL is observed in a host of aging-related complex genetic diseases and is associated with diminished survival in the elderly. We report results of a genome-wide association study of LTL in a consortium of four observational studies (n = 3,417 participants with LTL and genome-wide genotyping). SNPs in the regions of the oligonucleotide/oligosaccharide-binding folds containing one gene (OBFC1; rs4387287; P = 3.9 x 10(-9)) and chemokine (C-X-C motif) receptor 4 gene (CXCR4; rs4452212; P = 2.9 x 10(-8)) were associated with LTL at a genome-wide significance level (P < 5 x 10(-8)). We attempted replication of the top SNPs at these loci through de novo genotyping of 1,893 additional individuals and in silico lookup in another observational study (n = 2,876), and we confirmed the association findings for OBFC1 but not CXCR4. In addition, we confirmed the telomerase RNA component (TERC) as a gene associated with LTL (P = 1.1 x 10(-5)). The identification of OBFC1 through genome-wide association as a locus for interindividual variation in LTL in the general population advances the understanding of telomere biology in humans and may provide insights into aging-related disorders linked to altered LTL dynamics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniel Levy
- National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute's Framingham Heart Study, Framingham, MA
- Center for Population Studies, National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute, Bethesda, MD
- Divisions of Cardiology and Epidemiology, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, MA 02118
| | - Susan L. Neuhausen
- Department Population Sciences, The Beckman Research Institute of the City of Hope, Duarte, CA 91010
| | - Steven C. Hunt
- Cardiovascular Genetics Division, University of Utah School of Medicine, Salt Lake City, UT 84112
| | - Masayuki Kimura
- Center of Human Development and Aging, New Jersey Medical School, Newark, NJ 07101
| | - Shih-Jen Hwang
- National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute's Framingham Heart Study, Framingham, MA
- Center for Population Studies, National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute, Bethesda, MD
- Divisions of Cardiology and Epidemiology, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, MA 02118
| | - Wei Chen
- Bogalusa Heart Study, Tulane University School of Public Health and Tropical Medicine, New Orleans, LA 70112
| | - Joshua C. Bis
- Cardiovascular Health Research Unit and Department of Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98105
- Group Health Research Institute, Group Health, Seattle, WA 98105
| | - Annette L. Fitzpatrick
- Departments of Epidemiology and Global Health, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98105
| | - Erin Smith
- The Scripps Translational Science Institute and The Scripps Research Institute, San Diego, CA 92037
| | - Andrew D. Johnson
- National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute's Framingham Heart Study, Framingham, MA
- Center for Population Studies, National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute, Bethesda, MD
- Divisions of Cardiology and Epidemiology, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, MA 02118
| | - Jeffrey P. Gardner
- Center of Human Development and Aging, New Jersey Medical School, Newark, NJ 07101
| | - Sathanur R. Srinivasan
- Bogalusa Heart Study, Tulane University School of Public Health and Tropical Medicine, New Orleans, LA 70112
| | - Nicholas Schork
- The Scripps Translational Science Institute and The Scripps Research Institute, San Diego, CA 92037
| | - Jerome I. Rotter
- Medical Genetics Institute, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA 90048
| | - Utz Herbig
- Center of Human Development and Aging, New Jersey Medical School, Newark, NJ 07101
| | - Bruce M. Psaty
- Cardiovascular Health Research Unit and Department of Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98105
- Group Health Research Institute, Group Health, Seattle, WA 98105
- Departments of Epidemiology and Health Services, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98105
| | - Malinee Sastrasinh
- Center of Human Development and Aging, New Jersey Medical School, Newark, NJ 07101
| | - Sarah S. Murray
- The Scripps Translational Science Institute and The Scripps Research Institute, San Diego, CA 92037
| | - Ramachandran S. Vasan
- National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute's Framingham Heart Study, Framingham, MA
- Center for Population Studies, National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute, Bethesda, MD
- Divisions of Cardiology and Epidemiology, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, MA 02118
| | - Michael A. Province
- Division of Statistical Genomics, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO 63108
| | - Nicole L. Glazer
- Cardiovascular Health Research Unit and Department of Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98105
- Group Health Research Institute, Group Health, Seattle, WA 98105
| | - Xiaobin Lu
- Center of Human Development and Aging, New Jersey Medical School, Newark, NJ 07101
| | - Xiaojian Cao
- Center of Human Development and Aging, New Jersey Medical School, Newark, NJ 07101
| | - Richard Kronmal
- Department of Biostatistics, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98105
| | - Massimo Mangino
- Department of Twin Research and Genetic Epidemiology, King's College, London SE1 7EH, United Kingdom; and
| | - Nicole Soranzo
- Department of Twin Research and Genetic Epidemiology, King's College, London SE1 7EH, United Kingdom; and
- Wellcome Trust Sanger Institute, Hinxton CB10 1HH, United Kingdom
| | - Tim D. Spector
- Department of Twin Research and Genetic Epidemiology, King's College, London SE1 7EH, United Kingdom; and
| | - Gerald S. Berenson
- Bogalusa Heart Study, Tulane University School of Public Health and Tropical Medicine, New Orleans, LA 70112
| | - Abraham Aviv
- Center of Human Development and Aging, New Jersey Medical School, Newark, NJ 07101
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Pedranzini L, Mottadelli F, Ronzoni S, Rossella F, Ferracin M, Magnani I, Roversi G, Colapietro P, Negrini M, Pelicci PG, Larizza L. Differential cytogenomics and miRNA signature of the Acute Myeloid Leukaemia Kasumi-1 cell line CD34+38- compartment. Leuk Res 2010; 34:1287-95. [PMID: 20227111 DOI: 10.1016/j.leukres.2010.02.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2009] [Revised: 02/13/2010] [Accepted: 02/13/2010] [Indexed: 01/23/2023]
Abstract
The t(8;21) Acute Myeloid Leukaemia (AML) Kasumi-1 cell line with N822K KIT mutation, is a model system for leukemogenesis. As AML initiating cells reside in the CD34(+)CD38(-) fraction, we addressed the refined cytogenomic characterization and miRNA expression of Kasumi-1 cell line and its FACS-sorted subpopulations focussing on this compartment. By conventional cytogenetics, Spectral-Karyotyping and array-CGH the cytogenomic profile of Kasumi-1 cells evidenced only subtle regions differentially represented in CD34(+)CD38(-) cells. Expression profiling by a miRNA platform showed a set of miRNA differentially expressed in paired subpopulations and the signature of miR-584 and miR-182 upregulation in the CD34(+)CD38(-) fraction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laura Pedranzini
- Genetica Medica, Dipartimento di Medicina, Chirurgia e Odontoiatria, Università di Milano, Via A di Rudinì 8, 20142 Milan, Italy
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50
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Codd V, Mangino M, van der Harst P, Braund PS, Kaiser M, Beveridge AJ, Rafelt S, Moore J, Nelson C, Soranzo N, Zhai G, Valdes AM, Blackburn H, Leach IM, de Boer RA, Goodall AH, Ouwehand W, van Veldhuisen DJ, van Gilst WH, Navis G, Burton PR, Tobin MD, Hall AS, Thompson JR, Spector T, Samani NJ. Common variants near TERC are associated with mean telomere length. Nat Genet 2010; 42:197-9. [PMID: 20139977 PMCID: PMC3773906 DOI: 10.1038/ng.532] [Citation(s) in RCA: 266] [Impact Index Per Article: 19.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/25/2009] [Accepted: 01/12/2010] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
Abstract
We conducted genome-wide association analyses of mean leukocyte telomere length in 2,917 individuals, with follow-up replication in 9,492 individuals. We identified an association with telomere length on 3q26 (rs12696304, combined P = 3.72 x 10(-14)) at a locus that includes TERC, which encodes the telomerase RNA component. Each copy of the minor allele of rs12696304 was associated with an approximately 75-base-pair reduction in mean telomere length, equivalent to approximately 3.6 years of age-related telomere-length attrition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Veryan Codd
- Department of Cardiovascular Sciences, University of Leicester, Glenfield Hospital, Leicester, UK
| | - Massimo Mangino
- Department of Twin Research and Genetic Epidemiology, King’s College London, London, UK
| | - Pim van der Harst
- Department of Cardiovascular Sciences, University of Leicester, Glenfield Hospital, Leicester, UK
- Department of Cardiology, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Peter S Braund
- Department of Cardiovascular Sciences, University of Leicester, Glenfield Hospital, Leicester, UK
| | - Michael Kaiser
- Department of Cardiovascular Sciences, University of Leicester, Glenfield Hospital, Leicester, UK
| | - Alan J Beveridge
- Department of Cardiovascular Sciences, University of Leicester, Glenfield Hospital, Leicester, UK
| | - Suzanne Rafelt
- Department of Cardiovascular Sciences, University of Leicester, Glenfield Hospital, Leicester, UK
| | - Jasbir Moore
- Department of Cardiovascular Sciences, University of Leicester, Glenfield Hospital, Leicester, UK
| | - Chris Nelson
- Department of Cardiovascular Sciences, University of Leicester, Glenfield Hospital, Leicester, UK
| | - Nicole Soranzo
- Department of Twin Research and Genetic Epidemiology, King’s College London, London, UK
- Wellcome Trust Sanger Institute, Wellcome Trust Genome Campus, Hinxton, UK
| | - Guangju Zhai
- Department of Twin Research and Genetic Epidemiology, King’s College London, London, UK
| | - Ana M Valdes
- Department of Twin Research and Genetic Epidemiology, King’s College London, London, UK
| | - Hannah Blackburn
- Department of Twin Research and Genetic Epidemiology, King’s College London, London, UK
| | - Irene Mateo Leach
- Department of Cardiology, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Rudolf A de Boer
- Department of Cardiology, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | | | - Alison H Goodall
- Department of Cardiovascular Sciences, University of Leicester, Glenfield Hospital, Leicester, UK
| | - Willem Ouwehand
- Department of Hematology, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | - Dirk J. van Veldhuisen
- Department of Cardiology, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Wiek H. van Gilst
- Department of Cardiology, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Gerjan Navis
- Department of Internal Medicine, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Paul R Burton
- Departments of Health Sciences and Genetics, University of Leicester, Leicester, UK
| | - Martin D Tobin
- Departments of Health Sciences and Genetics, University of Leicester, Leicester, UK
| | - Alistair S Hall
- Leeds Institute of Genetics, Health and Therapeutics, University of Leeds, Leeds, UK
| | - John R Thompson
- Departments of Health Sciences and Genetics, University of Leicester, Leicester, UK
| | - Tim Spector
- Department of Twin Research and Genetic Epidemiology, King’s College London, London, UK
| | - Nilesh J Samani
- Department of Cardiovascular Sciences, University of Leicester, Glenfield Hospital, Leicester, UK
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