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Yang Y, Bai Q, Liu F, Zhang S, Tang W, Liu L, Xing Z, Wang H, Zhang C, Yang Y, Fan H. Establishment of the Diagnostic Signature of Ferroptosis Genes in Multiple Sclerosis. Biochem Genet 2024:10.1007/s10528-024-10832-3. [PMID: 38886317 DOI: 10.1007/s10528-024-10832-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2024] [Accepted: 05/08/2024] [Indexed: 06/20/2024]
Abstract
Ferroptosis is a novel form of membrane-dependent cell death that differs from other cell death modalities such as necrosis, apoptosis, and autophagy. Multiple sclerosis (MS) is a chronic inflammatory disease of the central nervous system primarily affecting brain and spinal cord neurons. Although the pathogenesis of these two conditions may seem unrelated, recent studies have indicated a connection between ferroptosis and multiple sclerosis. In fact, ferroptosis plays a significant role in the development of MS, as evidenced by the presence of elevated iron levels and iron metabolism abnormalities in the brains, spinal cords, and other neurons of MS patients. These abnormalities disrupt iron homeostasis within cells, leading to the occurrence of ferroptosis. However, there is currently a lack of research on the diagnostic value of ferroptosis-related genes in multiple sclerosis. In this study, we employed bioinformatics methods to identify ferroptosis-related genes (ATM, GSK3B, HMGCR, KLF2, MAPK1, NFE2L1, NRAS, PCBP1, PIK3CA, RPL8, VDAC3) associated with the diagnosis of multiple sclerosis and constructed a diagnostic model. The results demonstrated that the diagnostic model accurately identified the patients' condition. Subsequently, subgroup analysis was performed based on the expression levels of ferroptosis-related genes, dividing patients into high and low expression groups. The results showed differences in immune function and immune cell infiltration between the two groups. Our study not only confirms the correlation between ferroptosis and multiple sclerosis but also demonstrates the diagnostic value of ferroptosis-related genes in the disease. This provides guidance for clinical practice and direction for further mechanistic research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yang Yang
- Office of Research & Innovation, The First Affiliated Hospital, College of Clinical Medicine, Henan University of Science and Technology, Luoyang, 471003, China
| | - Qianqian Bai
- Office of Research & Innovation, The First Affiliated Hospital, College of Clinical Medicine, Henan University of Science and Technology, Luoyang, 471003, China
| | - Fangfei Liu
- Office of Research & Innovation, The First Affiliated Hospital, College of Clinical Medicine, Henan University of Science and Technology, Luoyang, 471003, China
| | - Shumin Zhang
- Office of Research & Innovation, The First Affiliated Hospital, College of Clinical Medicine, Henan University of Science and Technology, Luoyang, 471003, China
| | - Wenchao Tang
- Office of Research & Innovation, The First Affiliated Hospital, College of Clinical Medicine, Henan University of Science and Technology, Luoyang, 471003, China
| | - Ling Liu
- Office of Research & Innovation, The First Affiliated Hospital, College of Clinical Medicine, Henan University of Science and Technology, Luoyang, 471003, China
| | - Zhehua Xing
- Department of Trauma Center, The First Affiliated Hospital, College of Clinical Medicine, Henan University of Science and Technology, Luoyang, 471003, China
| | - Hao Wang
- Department of Trauma Center, The First Affiliated Hospital, College of Clinical Medicine, Henan University of Science and Technology, Luoyang, 471003, China
| | - Chi Zhang
- Department of Trauma Center, The First Affiliated Hospital, College of Clinical Medicine, Henan University of Science and Technology, Luoyang, 471003, China
| | - Yanhui Yang
- Department of Trauma Center, The First Affiliated Hospital, College of Clinical Medicine, Henan University of Science and Technology, Luoyang, 471003, China.
| | - Hua Fan
- Office of Research & Innovation, The First Affiliated Hospital, College of Clinical Medicine, Henan University of Science and Technology, Luoyang, 471003, China.
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Wu T, Ning S, Zhang H, Cao Y, Li X, Hao J, Wang L. Role of ferroptosis in neuroimmunity and neurodegeneration in multiple sclerosis revealed by multi-omics data. J Cell Mol Med 2024; 28:e18396. [PMID: 38801304 PMCID: PMC11129625 DOI: 10.1111/jcmm.18396] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/01/2024] [Revised: 04/10/2024] [Accepted: 04/30/2024] [Indexed: 05/29/2024] Open
Abstract
Previous studies have found that ferroptosis plays an important role in a variety of neurological diseases. However, the precise role of ferroptosis in the multiple sclerosis patients remains uncertain. We defined and validated a computational metric of ferroptosis levels. The ferroptosis scores were computed using the AUCell method, which reflects the enrichment scores of ferroptosis-related genes through gene ranking. The reliability of the ferroptosis score was assessed using various methods, involving cells induced to undergo ferroptosis by six different ferroptosis inducers. Through a comprehensive approach integrating snRNA-seq, spatial transcriptomics, and spatial proteomics data, we explored the role of ferroptosis in multiple sclerosis. Our findings revealed that among seven sampling regions of different white matter lesions, the edges of active lesions exhibited the highest ferroptosis score, which was associated with activation of the phagocyte system. Remyelination lesions exhibit the lowest ferroptosis score. In the cortex, ferroptosis score were elevated in neurons, relevant to a variety of neurodegenerative disease-related pathways. Spatial transcriptomics demonstrated a significant co-localization among ferroptosis score, neurodegeneration and microglia, which was verified by spatial proteomics. Furthermore, we established a diagnostic model of multiple sclerosis based on 24 ferroptosis-related genes in the peripheral blood. Ferroptosis might exhibits a dual role in the context of multiple sclerosis, relevant to both neuroimmunity and neurodegeneration, thereby presenting a promising and novel therapeutic target. Ferroptosis-related genes in the blood that could potentially serve as diagnostic and prognostic markers for multiple sclerosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tao Wu
- Department of NeurologyXuanwu Hospital, Capital Medical UniversityBeijingChina
- National Center for Neurological DisordersBeijingChina
| | - Shangwei Ning
- College of Bioinformatics Science and TechnologyHarbin Medical UniversityHarbinChina
| | - Huixue Zhang
- Department of NeurologyThe Second Affiliated Hospital, Harbin Medical UniversityHarbinChina
| | - Yuze Cao
- Department of NeurologyPeking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical CollegeBeijingChina
| | - Xia Li
- College of Bioinformatics Science and TechnologyHarbin Medical UniversityHarbinChina
| | - Junwei Hao
- Department of NeurologyXuanwu Hospital, Capital Medical UniversityBeijingChina
- National Center for Neurological DisordersBeijingChina
| | - Lihua Wang
- Department of NeurologyThe Second Affiliated Hospital, Harbin Medical UniversityHarbinChina
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Bagnoud M, Remlinger J, Joly S, Massy M, Salmen A, Chan A, Karathanassis D, Evangelopoulos M, Hoepner R. Predicting glucocorticoid resistance in multiple sclerosis relapse via a whole blood transcriptomic analysis. CNS Neurosci Ther 2024; 30:e14484. [PMID: 37817393 PMCID: PMC10848073 DOI: 10.1111/cns.14484] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/23/2023] [Revised: 08/30/2023] [Accepted: 09/20/2023] [Indexed: 10/12/2023] Open
Abstract
AIMS Treatment of multiple sclerosis (MS) relapses consists of short-term administration of high-dose glucocorticoids (GCs). However, over 40% of patients show an insufficient response to GC treatment. We aimed to develop a predictive model for such GC resistance. METHODS We performed a receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve analysis following the transcriptomic assay of whole blood samples from stable, relapsing GC-sensitive and relapsing GC-resistant patients with MS in two different European centers. RESULTS We identified 12 genes being regulated during a relapse and differentially expressed between GC-sensitive and GC-resistant patients with MS. Using these genes, we defined a statistical model to predict GC resistance with an area under the curve (AUC) of the ROC analysis of 0.913. Furthermore, we observed that relapsing GC-resistant patients with MS have decreased GR, DUSP1, and TSC22D3 mRNA levels compared with relapsing GC-sensitive patients with MS. Finally, we showed that the transcriptome of relapsing GC-resistant patients with MS resembles those of stable patients with MS. CONCLUSION Predicting GC resistance would allow patients to benefit from prompt initiation of an alternative relapse treatment leading to increased treatment efficacy. Thus, we think our model could contribute to reducing disability development in people with MS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maud Bagnoud
- Department of NeurologyInselspital, Bern University Hospital, University of BernBernSwitzerland
- Department of Biomedical ResearchUniversity of BernBernSwitzerland
| | - Jana Remlinger
- Department of NeurologyInselspital, Bern University Hospital, University of BernBernSwitzerland
- Department of Biomedical ResearchUniversity of BernBernSwitzerland
| | - Sandrine Joly
- Department of NeurologyInselspital, Bern University Hospital, University of BernBernSwitzerland
- Department of Biomedical ResearchUniversity of BernBernSwitzerland
| | - Marine Massy
- Department of NeurologyInselspital, Bern University Hospital, University of BernBernSwitzerland
- Department of Biomedical ResearchUniversity of BernBernSwitzerland
- Graduate School for Cellular and Biomedical SciencesUniversity of BernBernSwitzerland
| | - Anke Salmen
- Department of NeurologyInselspital, Bern University Hospital, University of BernBernSwitzerland
- Department of Biomedical ResearchUniversity of BernBernSwitzerland
| | - Andrew Chan
- Department of NeurologyInselspital, Bern University Hospital, University of BernBernSwitzerland
- Department of Biomedical ResearchUniversity of BernBernSwitzerland
| | - Dimitris Karathanassis
- Department of Neurology, Eginition HospitalNational and Kapodistrian University of AthensAthensGreece
| | | | - Robert Hoepner
- Department of NeurologyInselspital, Bern University Hospital, University of BernBernSwitzerland
- Department of Biomedical ResearchUniversity of BernBernSwitzerland
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Sarkar SK, Willson AML, Jordan MA. The Plasticity of Immune Cell Response Complicates Dissecting the Underlying Pathology of Multiple Sclerosis. J Immunol Res 2024; 2024:5383099. [PMID: 38213874 PMCID: PMC10783990 DOI: 10.1155/2024/5383099] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2023] [Revised: 12/05/2023] [Accepted: 12/11/2023] [Indexed: 01/13/2024] Open
Abstract
Multiple sclerosis (MS) is a neurodegenerative autoimmune disease characterized by the destruction of the myelin sheath of the neuronal axon in the central nervous system. Many risk factors, including environmental, epigenetic, genetic, and lifestyle factors, are responsible for the development of MS. It has long been thought that only adaptive immune cells, especially autoreactive T cells, are responsible for the pathophysiology; however, recent evidence has indicated that innate immune cells are also highly involved in disease initiation and progression. Here, we compile the available data regarding the role immune cells play in MS, drawn from both human and animal research. While T and B lymphocytes, chiefly enhance MS pathology, regulatory T cells (Tregs) may serve a more protective role, as can B cells, depending on context and location. Cells chiefly involved in innate immunity, including macrophages, microglia, astrocytes, dendritic cells, natural killer (NK) cells, eosinophils, and mast cells, play varied roles. In addition, there is evidence regarding the involvement of innate-like immune cells, such as γδ T cells, NKT cells, MAIT cells, and innate-like B cells as crucial contributors to MS pathophysiology. It is unclear which of these cell subsets are involved in the onset or progression of disease or in protective mechanisms due to their plastic nature, which can change their properties and functions depending on microenvironmental exposure and the response of neural networks in damage control. This highlights the need for a multipronged approach, combining stringently designed clinical data with carefully controlled in vitro and in vivo research findings, to identify the underlying mechanisms so that more effective therapeutics can be developed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sujan Kumar Sarkar
- Department of Anatomy, Histology and Physiology, Faculty of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Sher-e-Bangla Agricultural University, Dhaka, Bangladesh
| | - Annie M. L. Willson
- Biomedical Sciences and Molecular Biology, CPHMVS, James Cook University, Townsville, Queensland 4811, Australia
| | - Margaret A. Jordan
- Biomedical Sciences and Molecular Biology, CPHMVS, James Cook University, Townsville, Queensland 4811, Australia
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Daei Sorkhabi A, Komijani E, Sarkesh A, Ghaderi Shadbad P, Aghebati-Maleki A, Aghebati-Maleki L. Advances in immune checkpoint-based immunotherapies for multiple sclerosis: rationale and practice. Cell Commun Signal 2023; 21:321. [PMID: 37946301 PMCID: PMC10634124 DOI: 10.1186/s12964-023-01289-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2023] [Accepted: 08/19/2023] [Indexed: 11/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Beyond the encouraging results and broad clinical applicability of immune checkpoint (ICP) inhibitors in cancer therapy, ICP-based immunotherapies in the context of autoimmune disease, particularly multiple sclerosis (MS), have garnered considerable attention and hold great potential for developing effective therapeutic strategies. Given the well-established immunoregulatory role of ICPs in maintaining a balance between stimulatory and inhibitory signaling pathways to promote immune tolerance to self-antigens, a dysregulated expression pattern of ICPs has been observed in a significant proportion of patients with MS and its animal model called experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis (EAE), which is associated with autoreactivity towards myelin and neurodegeneration. Consequently, there is a rationale for developing immunotherapeutic strategies to induce inhibitory ICPs while suppressing stimulatory ICPs, including engineering immune cells to overexpress ligands for inhibitory ICP receptors, such as program death-1 (PD-1), or designing fusion proteins, namely abatacept, to bind and inhibit the co-stimulatory pathways involved in overactivated T-cell mediated autoimmunity, and other strategies that will be discussed in-depth in the current review. Video Abstract.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amin Daei Sorkhabi
- Student Research Committee, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Erfan Komijani
- Department of Veterinary, Medicine, Tabriz Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Aila Sarkesh
- Student Research Committee, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Pedram Ghaderi Shadbad
- Department of Veterinary, Medicine, Tabriz Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Ali Aghebati-Maleki
- Stem Cell Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Science, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Leili Aghebati-Maleki
- Immunology Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran.
- Department of Immunology, School of Medicine, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran.
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6
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Gu SC, Yuan CX, Gu C. Identification of ferroptosis-related gene signatures associated with multiple sclerosis using weighted gene co-expression network analysis. Medicine (Baltimore) 2022; 101:e31802. [PMID: 36595760 PMCID: PMC9794287 DOI: 10.1097/md.0000000000031802] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Multiple sclerosis (MS) is a chronic inflammatory disease of central nervous system leading to demyelination followed by neurological symptoms. Ferroptosis is a newly discovered pathogenic hallmark important for the progression of MS. However, the gene markers of ferroptosis in MS are still uncertain. In this study, mRNA expression profiles and clinical data of MS samples were retrieved from Gene Expression Omnibus database. Weighted gene co-expression network analysis and receiver operating characteristic curve analysis were utilized to identify ferroptosis-related gene (FRG) signatures of MS. Gene set enrichment analysis and gene set variation analysis were performed to explore the biological functions of single FRG signature. HMOX1, LPCAT3 and RPL8 were firstly identified as FRG signatures of MS with the predictive capacity confirmed. Gene set enrichment analysis and gene set variation analyses revealed that metabolism-related, immune and inflammation-related, microglia-related, oxidation-related, and mitochondria-related biological functions were enriched, providing implications of the mechanisms underlying ferroptosis in MS. This study presented a systematic analysis of FRG in MS and explored the potential ferroptosis targets for new interventional strategies in MS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Si-Chun Gu
- Department of Neurology, Longhua Hospital, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Can-Xing Yuan
- Department of Neurology, Longhua Hospital, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Chao Gu
- Department of Neurology, Longhua Hospital, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
- * Correspondence: Chao Gu, Department of Neurology, Longhua Hospital, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, 725 South Wanping Road, Shanghai, 200032, China (e-mail: )
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7
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Lezhnyova V, Davidyuk Y, Mullakhmetova A, Markelova M, Zakharov A, Khaiboullina S, Martynova E. Analysis of herpesvirus infection and genome single nucleotide polymorphism risk factors in multiple sclerosis, Volga federal district, Russia. Front Immunol 2022; 13:1010605. [PMID: 36451826 PMCID: PMC9703080 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2022.1010605] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2022] [Accepted: 10/03/2022] [Indexed: 09/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Multiple sclerosis (MS) is a heterogeneous disease where herpesvirus infection and genetic predisposition are identified as the most consistent risk factors. Serum and blood samples were collected from 151 MS and 70 controls and used to analyze circulating antibodies for, and DNA of, Epstein Barr virus (EBV), human cytomegalovirus (HCMV), human herpes virus 6 (HHV6), and varicella zoster virus (VZV). The frequency of selected single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in MS and controls were studied. Herpesvirus DNA in blood samples were analyzed using qPCR. Anti-herpesvirus antibodies were detected by ELISA. SNPs were analyzed by the allele-specific PCR. For statistical analysis, Fisher exact test, odds ratio and Kruskall-Wallis test were used; p<0.05 values were considered as significant. We have found an association between circulating anti-HHV6 antibodies and MS diagnosis. We also confirmed higher frequency of A and C alleles in rs2300747 and rs12044852 of CD58 gene and G allele in rs929230 of CD6 gene in MS as compared to controls. Fatigue symptom was linked to AC and AA genotype in rs12044852 of CD58 gene. An interesting observation was finding higher frequency of GG genotype in rs12722489 of IL2RA and T allele in rs1535045 of CD40 genes in patient having anti-HHV6 antibodies. A link was found between having anti-VZV antibodies in MS and CC genotype in rs1883832 of CD40 gene.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vera Lezhnyova
- Institute of Fundamental Medicine and Biology, Kazan (Volga Region) Federal University, Kazan, Russia
| | - Yuriy Davidyuk
- Institute of Fundamental Medicine and Biology, Kazan (Volga Region) Federal University, Kazan, Russia
| | - Asia Mullakhmetova
- Institute of Fundamental Medicine and Biology, Kazan (Volga Region) Federal University, Kazan, Russia
| | - Maria Markelova
- Institute of Fundamental Medicine and Biology, Kazan (Volga Region) Federal University, Kazan, Russia
| | - Alexander Zakharov
- Department of Neurology and Neurosurgery, Samara State Medical University, Samara, Russia
| | - Svetlana Khaiboullina
- Institute of Fundamental Medicine and Biology, Kazan (Volga Region) Federal University, Kazan, Russia
| | - Ekaterina Martynova
- Institute of Fundamental Medicine and Biology, Kazan (Volga Region) Federal University, Kazan, Russia
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8
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Marrie RA, Allegretta M, Barcellos LF, Bebo B, Calabresi PA, Correale J, Davis B, De Jager PL, Gasperi C, Greenbaum C, Helme A, Hemmer B, Kanellis P, Kostich W, Landsman D, Lebrun-Frenay C, Makhani N, Munger KL, Okuda DT, Ontaneda D, Postuma RB, Quandt JA, Roman S, Saidha S, Sormani MP, Strum J, Valentine P, Walton C, Zackowski KM, Zhao Y, Tremlett H. From the prodromal stage of multiple sclerosis to disease prevention. Nat Rev Neurol 2022; 18:559-572. [PMID: 35840705 DOI: 10.1038/s41582-022-00686-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 06/08/2022] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
A prodrome is an early set of signs or symptoms that indicate the onset of a disease before more typical symptoms develop. Prodromal stages are well recognized in some neurological and immune-mediated diseases such as Parkinson disease, schizophrenia, type 1 diabetes mellitus and rheumatoid arthritis. Emerging evidence indicates that a prodromal stage exists in multiple sclerosis (MS), raising the possibility of intervention at this stage to delay or prevent the development of classical MS. However, much remains unclear about the prodromal stage of MS and considerable research is needed to fully characterize the prodrome and develop standardized criteria to reliably identify individuals with prodromal MS who are at high risk of progressing to a diagnosis of MS. In this Roadmap, we draw on work in other diseases to propose a disease framework for MS that incorporates the prodromal stage, and set out key steps and considerations needed in future research to fully characterize the MS prodrome, identify early disease markers and develop standardized criteria that will enable reliable identification of individuals with prodromal MS, thereby facilitating trials of interventions to slow or stop progression beyond the prodrome.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ruth Ann Marrie
- Department of Internal Medicine, Max Rady College of Medicine, Rady Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada.
- Department of Community Health Sciences, Max Rady College of Medicine, Rady Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada.
| | | | - Lisa F Barcellos
- Division of Epidemiology and Genetic Epidemiology and Genomics Laboratory, School of Public Health, University of California Berkeley, Berkeley, CA, USA
- Kaiser Permanente Division of Research, Oakland, CA, USA
| | - Bruce Bebo
- National Multiple Sclerosis Society, New York, NY, USA
| | - Peter A Calabresi
- Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Departments of Neurology, Neuroscience and Ophthalmology, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | | | - Benjamin Davis
- Multiple Sclerosis Society of Canada, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Philip L De Jager
- Multiple Sclerosis Center, Center for Translational & Computational Neuroimmunology, Department of Neurology, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, NY, USA
| | - Christiane Gasperi
- Department of Neurology, Klinikum rechts der Isar, TUM School of Medicine, Technical University of Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Carla Greenbaum
- Center for Interventional Immunology and Diabetes Program, Benaroya Research Institute, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Anne Helme
- Multiple Sclerosis International Federation, London, UK
| | - Bernhard Hemmer
- Department of Neurology, Klinikum rechts der Isar, TUM School of Medicine, Technical University of Munich, Munich, Germany
- Munich Cluster for Systems Neurology (SyNergy), Munich, Germany
| | - Pamela Kanellis
- Multiple Sclerosis Society of Canada, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | | | | | | | - Naila Makhani
- Departments of Pediatrics and Neurology, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA
| | - Kassandra L Munger
- Department of Nutrition, Harvard TH Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Darin T Okuda
- The University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Department of Neurology, Neuroinnovation Program, Multiple Sclerosis and Neuroimmunology Imaging Program, Dallas, TX, USA
| | - Daniel Ontaneda
- Mellen Center for Multiple Sclerosis Treatment and Research, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH, USA
| | - Ronald B Postuma
- Department of Neurology, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Jacqueline A Quandt
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Sharon Roman
- Patient representative, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Shiv Saidha
- Division of Neuroimmunology and Neurological Infections, Department of Neurology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Maria Pia Sormani
- Department of Health Sciences, University of Genova, and IRCCS Ospedale Policlinico San Martino, Genova, Italy
| | | | | | | | | | - Yinshan Zhao
- Faculty of Medicine (Neurology), University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Helen Tremlett
- Faculty of Medicine (Neurology), University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
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Male-specific coordinated changes in expression of miRNA genes, but not other genes within the DLK1-DIO3 locus in multiple sclerosis. Gene 2022; 836:146676. [PMID: 35714798 DOI: 10.1016/j.gene.2022.146676] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2022] [Revised: 06/03/2022] [Accepted: 06/10/2022] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
The role of miRNAs, small non-coding regulatory RNAs, in the molecular mechanisms of multiple sclerosis (MS) development has been intensively studied. MiRNAs tend to be clustered within imprinted regions, and the largest number of miRNA genes is observed in the DLK1-DIO3 locus. Earlier using RNA-seq we identified sex-specific upregulation of the set of miRNA genes from this locus in peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC) of treatment-naive relapsing-remitting MS (RRMS) patients. In the present study we set up to independently investigate the expression of a vast array of genes present in the DLK1-DIO3 imprinted locus. First, we analyzed the expression of miRNA genes, which levels in RRMS were mostly inconsistent based on RNA-seq data and not previously explored using qPCR. We identified that all selected miRNAs - miR-337-3p and -665 from 14q32.2 cluster and miR-370c, -380, -494, -654-3p, -300, -539, -668, and -323b-5p - were upregulated in MS men, but not women when compared to controls, regardless of conflicting RNA-seq data. The expression of miRNAs from the DLK1-DIO3 locus was highly correlated, indicating the existence of a common regulatory mechanism(s) that controls miRNA expression, regardless of the position of their genes within this region. Second, we performed the expression analysis of non-miRNA genes within the locus. The genes encoding proteins (DLK1, DIO3, RTL1), long non-coding RNAs (MEG3, MEG8, and MEG9) and small nucleolar RNAs (SNORD112, SNORD113-5, SNORD113-7, SNORD114-3, SNORD114-8, SNORD114-19) were not dysregulated in RRMS both in men and women. DNA methylation analysis of selected CpG sites within the differentially methylated regions IG-DMR, MEG3-DMR, and MEG8-DMR of the DLK1-DIO3 imprinted locus pointed out that they were not involved in the regulation of miRNA gene expression in RRMS, at least in PBMC population. The question of whether the observed changes in expression of miRNA genes (given that there is a constant expression of other non-miRNA genes of the DLK1-DIO3 locus) are involved in the development of RRMS or are they a consequence of the disease progress, remains open and needs further investigation.
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10
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Yang J, Hamade M, Wu Q, Wang Q, Axtell R, Giri S, Mao-Draayer Y. Current and Future Biomarkers in Multiple Sclerosis. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms23115877. [PMID: 35682558 PMCID: PMC9180348 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23115877] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2022] [Revised: 05/06/2022] [Accepted: 05/08/2022] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Multiple sclerosis (MS) is a debilitating autoimmune disorder. Currently, there is a lack of effective treatment for the progressive form of MS, partly due to insensitive readout for neurodegeneration. The recent development of sensitive assays for neurofilament light chain (NfL) has made it a potential new biomarker in predicting MS disease activity and progression, providing an additional readout in clinical trials. However, NfL is elevated in other neurodegenerative disorders besides MS, and, furthermore, it is also confounded by age, body mass index (BMI), and blood volume. Additionally, there is considerable overlap in the range of serum NfL (sNfL) levels compared to healthy controls. These confounders demonstrate the limitations of using solely NfL as a marker to monitor disease activity in MS patients. Other blood and cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) biomarkers of axonal damage, neuronal damage, glial dysfunction, demyelination, and inflammation have been studied as actionable biomarkers for MS and have provided insight into the pathology underlying the disease process of MS. However, these other biomarkers may be plagued with similar issues as NfL. Using biomarkers of a bioinformatic approach that includes cellular studies, micro-RNAs (miRNAs), extracellular vesicles (EVs), metabolomics, metabolites and the microbiome may prove to be useful in developing a more comprehensive panel that addresses the limitations of using a single biomarker. Therefore, more research with recent technological and statistical approaches is needed to identify novel and useful diagnostic and prognostic biomarker tools in MS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jennifer Yang
- Department of Neurology, Clinical Autoimmunity Center of Excellence, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA; (J.Y.); (M.H.); (Q.W.); (Q.W.)
| | - Maysa Hamade
- Department of Neurology, Clinical Autoimmunity Center of Excellence, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA; (J.Y.); (M.H.); (Q.W.); (Q.W.)
| | - Qi Wu
- Department of Neurology, Clinical Autoimmunity Center of Excellence, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA; (J.Y.); (M.H.); (Q.W.); (Q.W.)
| | - Qin Wang
- Department of Neurology, Clinical Autoimmunity Center of Excellence, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA; (J.Y.); (M.H.); (Q.W.); (Q.W.)
| | - Robert Axtell
- Department of Arthritis and Clinical Immunology Research, Oklahoma Medical Research Foundation, Oklahoma City, OK 73104, USA;
| | - Shailendra Giri
- Department of Neurology, Henry Ford Health System, Detroit, MI 48202, USA;
| | - Yang Mao-Draayer
- Department of Neurology, Clinical Autoimmunity Center of Excellence, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA; (J.Y.); (M.H.); (Q.W.); (Q.W.)
- Graduate Program in Immunology, Program in Biomedical Sciences, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +1-734-615-5635
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11
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Patel T, Carnwath TP, Wang X, Allen M, Lincoln SJ, Lewis‐Tuffin L, Quicksall ZS, Lin S, Tutor‐New FQ, Ho CC, Min Y, Malphrus KG, Nguyen TT, Martin E, Garcia CA, Alkharboosh RM, Grewal S, Chaichana K, Wharen R, Guerrero‐Cazares H, Quinones‐Hinojosa A, Ertekin‐Taner N. Transcriptional landscape of human microglia implicates age, sex, and APOE-related immunometabolic pathway perturbations. Aging Cell 2022; 21:e13606. [PMID: 35388616 PMCID: PMC9124307 DOI: 10.1111/acel.13606] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2022] [Revised: 03/19/2022] [Accepted: 03/21/2022] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Microglia have fundamental roles in health and disease; however, effects of age, sex, and genetic factors on human microglia have not been fully explored. We applied bulk and single-cell approaches to comprehensively characterize human microglia transcriptomes and their associations with age, sex, and APOE. We identified a novel microglial signature, characterized its expression in bulk tissue and single-cell microglia transcriptomes. We discovered microglial co-expression network modules associated with age, sex, and APOE-ε4 that are enriched for lipid and carbohydrate metabolism genes. Integrated analyses of modules with single-cell transcriptomes revealed significant overlap between age-associated module genes and both pro-inflammatory and disease-associated microglial clusters. These modules and clusters harbor known neurodegenerative disease genes including APOE, PLCG2, and BIN1. Meta-analyses with published bulk and single-cell microglial datasets further supported our findings. Thus, these data represent a well-characterized human microglial transcriptome resource and highlight age, sex, and APOE-related microglial immunometabolism perturbations with potential relevance in neurodegeneration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tulsi Patel
- Department of NeuroscienceMayo ClinicJacksonvilleFloridaUSA
| | | | - Xue Wang
- Department of Quantitative Health SciencesMayo ClinicJacksonvilleFloridaUSA
| | - Mariet Allen
- Department of NeuroscienceMayo ClinicJacksonvilleFloridaUSA
| | | | | | | | - Shu Lin
- Department of NeuroscienceMayo ClinicJacksonvilleFloridaUSA
| | | | | | - Yuhao Min
- Department of NeuroscienceMayo ClinicJacksonvilleFloridaUSA
| | | | - Thuy T. Nguyen
- Department of NeuroscienceMayo ClinicJacksonvilleFloridaUSA
| | | | | | - Rawan M. Alkharboosh
- Department of NeurosurgeryMayo ClinicJacksonvilleFloridaUSA
- Neuroscience Graduate ProgramMayo Clinic Graduate School of Biomedical SciencesMayo ClinicRochesterMinnesotaUSA
- Regenerative Sciences Training ProgramCenter for Regenerative MedicineMayo ClinicRochesterMinnesotaUSA
| | - Sanjeet Grewal
- Department of NeurosurgeryMayo ClinicJacksonvilleFloridaUSA
| | | | - Robert Wharen
- Department of NeurosurgeryMayo ClinicJacksonvilleFloridaUSA
| | | | | | - Nilüfer Ertekin‐Taner
- Department of NeuroscienceMayo ClinicJacksonvilleFloridaUSA
- Department of NeurologyMayo ClinicJacksonvilleFloridaUSA
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12
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Lu M, Shi H, Taylor BV, Körner H. Alterations of subset and cytokine profile of peripheral T helper cells in PBMCs from Multiple Sclerosis patients or from individuals with MS risk SNPs near genes CYP27B1 and CYP24A1. Cytokine 2022; 153:155866. [PMID: 35339045 DOI: 10.1016/j.cyto.2022.155866] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2021] [Revised: 02/21/2022] [Accepted: 03/14/2022] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
Abstract
T helper cells play an important role in the aetiology of Multiple Sclerosis (MS). Vitamin D has an anti-inflammatory effect on T helper cells and can affect onset and pathogenesis of MS. Two genes of the metabolic Vitamin D pathway expressed by activated T helper (Th) cells have been identified as MS risk genes by genome-wide association studies, CYP27B1 (25(OH)D3 1-alpha-hydroxylase) and CYP24A1 (1,25(OH)2D3 24-alpha-hydroxylase). Therefore, we hypothesize that the MS risk alleles around gene CYP27B1 and CYP24A1 are associated with the altered inflammatory profile of peripheral Th cells in PBMCs both ex vivo and in vitro potentially influencing the pathogenesis of MS. PBMCs from MS patients (41 RRMS patients in their remitting stage and 4 SPMS patients) and 12 healthy controls were collected, subpopulation of Th cells in PBMCs and cytokine profile were tested by Flow cytometry and Cytometric Bead Array (CBA), respectively. MS risk SNPs were genotyped by allele-specific PCR analysis. Data were analysed using nonparametric tests and linear regression for adjusting multiple factors. The proportion of Th17.1, Th17 and Th1 cells were all associated with MS while the proportions of Th2 (significant) and Th17 (near significant) cells were correlated with the expanded disability scale score of MS patients. Additionally, we found a MS-specific dysregulation in the IL-6 and TNF production of Th cells in Concanavalin A-stimulated PBMCs. Furthermore, the risk allele rs2248359-C (near gene CYP24A1) showed a consistent inhibitory effect on the proportions of Th1 and Th17.1 cells, and the presence of the homozygous risk allele rs703842-AA (near gene CYP27B1) reduced the production of IL-2. In conclusion, both MS disease and its risk alleles near Vitamin D metabolism genes influence the inflammatory profile of T helper cells in PBMCs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ming Lu
- Department of Immunology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui, China; Menzies Institute for Medical Research, University of Tasmania, Hobart, Tasmania, Australia.
| | - Hui Shi
- Department of Immunology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui, China
| | - Bruce V Taylor
- Menzies Institute for Medical Research, University of Tasmania, Hobart, Tasmania, Australia
| | - Heinrich Körner
- Institute of Clinical Pharmacology, Anhui Medical University, Key Laboratory of Anti-inflammatory and Immunopharmacology, Ministry of Education, Anhui Collaborative Innovation Center of Anti-Inflammatory and Immune Medicine, Hefei, Anhui Province, China.
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13
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Jain S. Role of interleukin-17 signaling pathway in the interaction between multiple sclerosis and acute myocardial infarction. Mult Scler Relat Disord 2022; 58:103515. [DOI: 10.1016/j.msard.2022.103515] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2021] [Revised: 12/11/2021] [Accepted: 01/08/2022] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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14
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Clarelli F, Barizzone N, Mangano E, Zuccalà M, Basagni C, Anand S, Sorosina M, Mascia E, Santoro S, Guerini FR, Virgilio E, Gallo A, Pizzino A, Comi C, Martinelli V, Comi G, De Bellis G, Leone M, Filippi M, Esposito F, Bordoni R, Martinelli Boneschi F, D'Alfonso S. Contribution of Rare and Low-Frequency Variants to Multiple Sclerosis Susceptibility in the Italian Continental Population. Front Genet 2022; 12:800262. [PMID: 35047017 PMCID: PMC8762330 DOI: 10.3389/fgene.2021.800262] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/22/2021] [Accepted: 11/17/2021] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Genome-wide association studies identified over 200 risk loci for multiple sclerosis (MS) focusing on common variants, which account for about 50% of disease heritability. The goal of this study was to investigate whether low-frequency and rare functional variants, located in MS-established associated loci, may contribute to disease risk in a relatively homogeneous population, testing their cumulative effect (burden) with gene-wise tests. We sequenced 98 genes in 588 Italian patients with MS and 408 matched healthy controls (HCs). Variants were selected using different filtering criteria based on allelic frequency and in silico functional impacts. Genes showing a significant burden (n = 17) were sequenced in an independent cohort of 504 MS and 504 HC. The highest signal in both cohorts was observed for the disruptive variants (stop-gain, stop-loss, or splicing variants) located in EFCAB13, a gene coding for a protein of an unknown function (p < 10-4). Among these variants, the minor allele of a stop-gain variant showed a significantly higher frequency in MS versus HC in both sequenced cohorts (p = 0.0093 and p = 0.025), confirmed by a meta-analysis on a third independent cohort of 1298 MS and 1430 HC (p = 0.001) assayed with an SNP array. Real-time PCR on 14 heterozygous individuals for this variant did not evidence the presence of the stop-gain allele, suggesting a transcript degradation by non-sense mediated decay, supported by the evidence that the carriers of the stop-gain variant had a lower expression of this gene (p = 0.0184). In conclusion, we identified a novel low-frequency functional variant associated with MS susceptibility, suggesting the possible role of rare/low-frequency variants in MS as reported for other complex diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ferdinando Clarelli
- Laboratory of Human Genetics of Neurological Disorders, Division of Neuroscience, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy
| | - Nadia Barizzone
- Department of Health Sciences, UPO, University of Eastern Piedmont, and CAAD (Center for Translational Research on Autoimmune and Allergic Disease), Novara, Italy
| | - Eleonora Mangano
- Institute for Biomedical Technologies, National Research Council of Italy, Segrate, Italy
| | - Miriam Zuccalà
- Department of Health Sciences, UPO, University of Eastern Piedmont, and CAAD (Center for Translational Research on Autoimmune and Allergic Disease), Novara, Italy
| | - Chiara Basagni
- Department of Health Sciences, UPO, University of Eastern Piedmont, and CAAD (Center for Translational Research on Autoimmune and Allergic Disease), Novara, Italy
| | - Santosh Anand
- Department of Informatics, Systems and Communications (DISCo), University of Milano-Bicocca, Milan, Italy
| | - Melissa Sorosina
- Laboratory of Human Genetics of Neurological Disorders, Division of Neuroscience, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy
| | - Elisabetta Mascia
- Laboratory of Human Genetics of Neurological Disorders, Division of Neuroscience, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy
| | - Silvia Santoro
- Laboratory of Human Genetics of Neurological Disorders, Division of Neuroscience, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy
| | | | | | | | - Eleonora Virgilio
- Department of Translational Medicine, Section of Neurology and IRCAD, UNIUPO, Novara, Italy
| | - Antonio Gallo
- MS Center, I Division of Neurology, Department of Advanced Medical and Surgical Sciences (DAMSS), University of Campania "Luigi Vanvitelli", Naples, Italy
| | - Alessandro Pizzino
- Department of Health Sciences, UPO, University of Eastern Piedmont, and CAAD (Center for Translational Research on Autoimmune and Allergic Disease), Novara, Italy
| | - Cristoforo Comi
- Department of Translational Medicine, Section of Neurology and IRCAD, UNIUPO, Novara, Italy
| | - Vittorio Martinelli
- Neurology Unit and Neurorehabilitation Unit, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy
| | | | - Gianluca De Bellis
- Institute for Biomedical Technologies, National Research Council of Italy, Segrate, Italy
| | - Maurizio Leone
- Neurology Unit, Fondazione IRCCS Casa Sollievo Della Sofferenza, San Giovanni Rotondo, Italy
| | - Massimo Filippi
- Neurology Unit and Neurorehabilitation Unit, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy.,Vita-Salute San Raffaele University, Milan, Italy.,Neuroimaging Research Unit, Division of Neuroscience, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy.,Neurophysiology Service, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy
| | - Federica Esposito
- Laboratory of Human Genetics of Neurological Disorders, Division of Neuroscience, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy.,Neurology Unit and Neurorehabilitation Unit, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy
| | - Roberta Bordoni
- Institute for Biomedical Technologies, National Research Council of Italy, Segrate, Italy
| | - Filippo Martinelli Boneschi
- Department of Pathophysiology and Transplantation (DEPT), Dino Ferrari Centre, Neuroscience Section, University of Milan, Milan, Italy.,Neurology Unit, MS Centre, Foundation IRCCS Ca' Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Milan, Italy
| | - Sandra D'Alfonso
- Department of Health Sciences, UPO, University of Eastern Piedmont, and CAAD (Center for Translational Research on Autoimmune and Allergic Disease), Novara, Italy
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15
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Ye F, Dai Y, Wang T, Liang J, Wu X, Lan K, Sheng W. Trans-omics analyses revealed key epigenetic genes associated with overall survival in secondary progressive multiple sclerosis. J Neuroimmunol 2022; 364:577809. [PMID: 35026432 DOI: 10.1016/j.jneuroim.2022.577809] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2021] [Revised: 11/21/2021] [Accepted: 01/04/2022] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Secondary progressive multiple sclerosis (SPMS) is the second most common presentation of multiple sclerosis (MS) and is characterized by a gradually deteriorating disease with or without relapses. Approximately 80% of patients with relapsing-remitting MS (RRMS) develop SPMS within 20 years. Epidemiological investigations have revealed an average 7-year life expectancy decrease (more severe in progressive subtypes) in patients with MS. Studies have focused on the neurodegenerative pathogenesis of SPMS; and epigenetic changes have been associated with disease progression in neurodegenerative disorders. However, the evidence for the association between epigenetic changes and SPMS is scarce. Thus, in this study we aimed to identify the key epigenetic genes in SPMS. METHODS We downloaded DNA methylation and gene expression matrices from the Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) database. We used bioinformatic analyses to identify key epigenetic genes associated with overall survival (OS) in patients with SPMS. RESULTS We found 49 differentially methylated positions (DMPs) between the SPMS and control GSE40360 datasets. We used the wANNOVAR server to obtain 64 methylated genes. We merged the gene expression datasets (GSE131282 and GSE135511) in the NetworkAnalyst platform and found 12,442 differentially-expressed genes (DEGs) between SPMS and controls using the Fisher's method, fixed effect model, Vote counting, and direct merging methods. Moreover, we identified 21 epigenetic genes (all hyper-methylated) after an integrating analysis of DMPs and DEGs of patients with SPMS. We established an epigenetic gene signature associated with the OS of patients with SPMS including six hyper-methylated genes (ITGA6, PPP1R16B, RNF126, ABHD8, FOXK1, and SLC6A19) based on the LASSO-Cox method. The calculated individual risk scores were associated with Oss, and we divided patients into high- and low-risk groups on the basis of the mean cut-off value. The six key epigenetic genes were significantly associated with gender, disease duration, and age at death via Spearman correlation analyses. In addition, survival analyses revealed a significant OS difference between high- and low-risk groups. The ROC curves indicated good performance for this predictive model. CONCLUSION We identified 21 hyper-methylated genes in patients with SPMS via an integrated analysis of DNA methylation and gene expression datasets. We identified a six-epigenetic gene signature that predicts the individual OS with good accuracy. These results indicated that epigenetic modifications play a vital role in the disease progression of SPMS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fei Ye
- Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China; Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Diagnosis and Treatment of Major Neurological Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yuanyuan Dai
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Diagnosis and Treatment of Major Neurological Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China; Department of Neurology, The Seventh Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Shenzhen, China
| | - Tianzhu Wang
- Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Jie Liang
- Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China; Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Diagnosis and Treatment of Major Neurological Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xiaoxin Wu
- Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Kai Lan
- Department of Anesthesiology, Troops 32268 Hospital, Dali, China
| | - Wenli Sheng
- Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China; Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Diagnosis and Treatment of Major Neurological Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China.
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16
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Saliutina M. Opportunities of multi-omics approach for the search for new diagnostic and therapeutic targets in multiple sclerosis. Zh Nevrol Psikhiatr Im S S Korsakova 2022; 122:57-62. [DOI: 10.17116/jnevro202212205157] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/04/2022]
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17
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Kozin M, Kiselev I, Baulina N, Kabaeva A, Pavlova G, Boyko A, Favorova O, Kulakova O. Global transcriptome profiling in peripheral blood mononuclear cells identifies dysregulation of immune processes in individuals with radiologically isolated syndrome. Mult Scler Relat Disord 2021; 58:103469. [PMID: 34954650 DOI: 10.1016/j.msard.2021.103469] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/04/2021] [Revised: 11/28/2021] [Accepted: 12/17/2021] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Abstract
The presence of brain/spinal white matter lesions typical for multiple sclerosis (MS) in asymptomatic individuals is known as 'radiologically isolated syndrome' (RIS). Taking into account that RIS patients are at high risk of MS development, the understanding of mechanisms underlying its pathogenesis is of great importance. In order to investigate RIS-specific transcription signature we performed high-throughput RNA-sequencing in peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) of 8 RIS patients and 8 age- and sex-matched healthy controls. We identified 57 differentially expressed genes (DEGs), which levels differed by more than 2 times when comparing RIS patients to healthy controls (FDR p value < 0.05). Gene ontology enrichment analysis in the "biological process" category revealed 16 signaling pathways significantly overrepresented by identified DEGs. The most significant changes in gene expression in PBMCs of RIS patients occur in pathways involved in regulation of the immune response, cytokine and chemokine signaling, cytokine production, and leukocyte migration. In general, analyzing the global transcriptome we demonstrated the dysregulation of immune processes in PBMCs of RIS patients, confirming the current assumption that RIS represents the preclinical stage and/or subclinical form of MS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maxim Kozin
- Pirogov Russian National Research Medical University, Moscow 117997, Russia; Sirius University of Science and Technology, Sochi 354340 Russia.
| | - Ivan Kiselev
- Pirogov Russian National Research Medical University, Moscow 117997, Russia; Sirius University of Science and Technology, Sochi 354340 Russia
| | - Natalia Baulina
- Pirogov Russian National Research Medical University, Moscow 117997, Russia; Sirius University of Science and Technology, Sochi 354340 Russia
| | - Anastasia Kabaeva
- Pirogov Russian National Research Medical University, Moscow 117997, Russia
| | - Galina Pavlova
- Pirogov Russian National Research Medical University, Moscow 117997, Russia; Sirius University of Science and Technology, Sochi 354340 Russia
| | - Alexey Boyko
- Pirogov Russian National Research Medical University, Moscow 117997, Russia
| | - Olga Favorova
- Pirogov Russian National Research Medical University, Moscow 117997, Russia
| | - Olga Kulakova
- Pirogov Russian National Research Medical University, Moscow 117997, Russia
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18
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Ibrahim HIM, AlZahrani A, Hanieh H, Ahmed EA, Thirugnanasambantham K. MicroRNA-7188-5p and miR-7235 regulates Multiple sclerosis in an experimental mouse model. Mol Immunol 2021; 139:157-167. [PMID: 34543842 DOI: 10.1016/j.molimm.2021.07.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2021] [Revised: 06/28/2021] [Accepted: 07/05/2021] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
The short non-coding microRNAs (miRNAs) have emerged as reliable modulators of various pathological conditions including autoimmune diseases in mammals. The current study, aims to identify new potential differential expressed miRNAs and their downstream mRNA targets of the autoimmune disease, Multiple sclerosis (MS). The study identifies a new set of miRNA(s) that are probably implicated in MS using computational tools. The study further carried-out different in vivo and in vitro experiments to check these identified miRNAs could be role in as therapeutic and prognostic applications. Preliminary insilico screening revealed that miR-659-3p, miR-659-5p, miR-684, miR-3607-3p, miR-3607-5p, miR-3682-3p, miR-3682-5p miR-4647, miR-7188-3p, miR-7188-5p and miR-7235 are specifically elevated in the secondary lymphoid cells of EAE mice. In addition, expression of the downstream target mRNA of these miRNAs such as FXBO33, SGMS-1, ZDHHC-9, GABRA-3, NRXN-2 were reciprocal to miRNA expression in lymphoid cells. These confirmed by applying the mimic and silencing miRNA models, suggesting new inflammatory target genes of these promising miRNA markers. The in vivo adoptive transfer model revealed that the suppression of miRNA-7188-5p and miR-7235 changed the pattern of astrocytes and CNS pathophysiology. The current study opens a new miRNA and their mRNA targets in MS disease. The absence of miRNA-7188-5p and miR-7235 enhanced the disease alleviation, confirms the regulatory effect of these targets. These optimized results highlights new set of miRNA's with therapeutic potential in experimental MS. Further studies are required to confirm these miRNA as therapeutic biomarker.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hairul-Islam Mohamed Ibrahim
- Biological Sciences Department, College of Science, King Faisal University, Hofouf, Alhasa, 31982, Saudi Arabia; Pondicherry Centre for Biological Science and Educational Trust, Pondicherry, 605005, India.
| | - Abdullah AlZahrani
- Biological Sciences Department, College of Science, King Faisal University, Hofouf, Alhasa, 31982, Saudi Arabia.
| | - Hamza Hanieh
- Department of Medical Analysis, Department of Biological Sciences, Al Hussein Bin Talal University, Maan, Jordan
| | - Emad A Ahmed
- Biological Sciences Department, College of Science, King Faisal University, Hofouf, Alhasa, 31982, Saudi Arabia; Laboratory of Molecular Physiology, Zoology Department, Faculty of Science, Assiut University, Egypt
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19
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Sun J, Xie Y, Wang Q, Shen J, Qin W, Zhang N, Yu C. Genes associated with grey matter volume reduction in multiple sclerosis. J Neurol 2021; 269:2004-2015. [PMID: 34455470 DOI: 10.1007/s00415-021-10777-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2021] [Revised: 08/19/2021] [Accepted: 08/25/2021] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
There is extensive grey matter volume (GMV) reduction in multiple sclerosis (MS), which may account for cognitive impairment in this disabling disorder. Although genome-wide association studies (GWASs) have identified hundreds of genes associated with MS, we know little about which genes associated with GMV reduction and cognitive decline in MS. In the present study, we aimed to uncover genes associated with GMV reduction in MS by performing cross-sample (1473 brain tissue samples) partial least squares regression between gene expression from 6 postmortem brains and case-control GMV difference of MS from a meta-analysis of 1391 patients and 1189 controls (discovery phase) and from the intergroup comparison between 69 patients and 70 controls (replication phase). We identified 623 genes whose brain spatial expression profiles were significantly associated with GMV reduction in MS. These genes showed significant enrichment for MS-related genes identified by GWAS; were functionally associated with ion channel, synaptic transmission, axon and neuron projection; and showed more significant cell type-specific expression in neurons than other cell types. More importantly, the identified genes showed significant enrichment for those genes with downregulated rather than upregulated expression in MS. The spatial distribution patterns of the expression of the identified genes showed more significant correlations with brain activation patterns of memory and language tasks. These findings indicate that grey matter atrophy in MS may be resulted from the joint effects of multiple genes that are associated with this disorder, especially genes with downregulated expression in MS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jie Sun
- Department of Radiology and Tianjin Key Laboratory of Functional Imaging, School of Medical Imaging, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin Medical University, No. 154 Anshan Road, Heping District, Tianjin, 300052, China
| | - Yingying Xie
- Department of Radiology and Tianjin Key Laboratory of Functional Imaging, School of Medical Imaging, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin Medical University, No. 154 Anshan Road, Heping District, Tianjin, 300052, China
| | - Qiuhui Wang
- Department of Radiology and Tianjin Key Laboratory of Functional Imaging, School of Medical Imaging, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin Medical University, No. 154 Anshan Road, Heping District, Tianjin, 300052, China
| | - Junlin Shen
- Department of Radiology and Tianjin Key Laboratory of Functional Imaging, School of Medical Imaging, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin Medical University, No. 154 Anshan Road, Heping District, Tianjin, 300052, China
| | - Wen Qin
- Department of Radiology and Tianjin Key Laboratory of Functional Imaging, School of Medical Imaging, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin Medical University, No. 154 Anshan Road, Heping District, Tianjin, 300052, China
| | - Ningnannan Zhang
- Department of Radiology and Tianjin Key Laboratory of Functional Imaging, School of Medical Imaging, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin Medical University, No. 154 Anshan Road, Heping District, Tianjin, 300052, China.
| | - Chunshui Yu
- Department of Radiology and Tianjin Key Laboratory of Functional Imaging, School of Medical Imaging, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin Medical University, No. 154 Anshan Road, Heping District, Tianjin, 300052, China. .,CAS Center for Excellence in Brain Science and Intelligence Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, 200031, China.
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20
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Ivanova M, Voronkova A, Sukhorukov V, Zakharova M. Different neuroinflammatory gene expression profiles in highly active and benign multiple sclerosis. J Neuroimmunol 2021; 358:577650. [PMID: 34274720 DOI: 10.1016/j.jneuroim.2021.577650] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2020] [Revised: 05/28/2021] [Accepted: 06/27/2021] [Indexed: 01/31/2023]
Abstract
In this study, we aimed to explore the expression of genes associated with neuroinflammation in patients with benign and highly active multiple sclerosis (MS) and healthy controls, to define gene signatures associated with MS as well as disease activity and progression. We identified differences in the expression of 89 genes in benign and highly active MS patients and in healthy controls (q < 0.05). Twenty-eight genes related to myeloid cells function, the innate immune response, apoptosis, and autophagy were differentially expressed in patients with benign and highly active MS. Time to second relapse and expanded disability status scale (EDSS) scores were correlated with the expression of genes associated with myeloid cells function, innate immunity, and apoptosis. Our results could indicate the importance of innate immunity-associated pathways in maintaining high disease activity in MS and their crucial role in disease progression.
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21
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Kim K, Pröbstel AK, Baumann R, Dyckow J, Landefeld J, Kogl E, Madireddy L, Loudermilk R, Eggers EL, Singh S, Caillier SJ, Hauser SL, Cree BAC, Schirmer L, Wilson MR, Baranzini SE. Cell type-specific transcriptomics identifies neddylation as a novel therapeutic target in multiple sclerosis. Brain 2021; 144:450-461. [PMID: 33374005 DOI: 10.1093/brain/awaa421] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2019] [Revised: 08/18/2020] [Accepted: 09/23/2020] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Multiple sclerosis is an autoimmune disease of the CNS in which both genetic and environmental factors are involved. Genome-wide association studies revealed more than 200 risk loci, most of which harbour genes primarily expressed in immune cells. However, whether genetic differences are translated into cell-specific gene expression profiles and to what extent these are altered in patients with multiple sclerosis are still open questions in the field. To assess cell type-specific gene expression in a large cohort of patients with multiple sclerosis, we sequenced the whole transcriptome of fluorescence-activated cell sorted T cells (CD4+ and CD8+) and CD14+ monocytes from treatment-naive patients with multiple sclerosis (n = 106) and healthy subjects (n = 22). We identified 479 differentially expressed genes in CD4+ T cells, 435 in monocytes, and 54 in CD8+ T cells. Importantly, in CD4+ T cells, we discovered upregulated transcripts from the NAE1 gene, a critical subunit of the NEDD8 activating enzyme, which activates the neddylation pathway, a post-translational modification analogous to ubiquitination. Finally, we demonstrated that inhibition of NEDD8 activating enzyme using the specific inhibitor pevonedistat (MLN4924) significantly ameliorated disease severity in murine experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis. Our findings provide novel insights into multiple sclerosis-associated gene regulation unravelling neddylation as a crucial pathway in multiple sclerosis pathogenesis with implications for the development of tailored disease-modifying agents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kicheol Kim
- Weill Institute for Neurosciences, Department of Neurology, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Anne-Katrin Pröbstel
- Weill Institute for Neurosciences, Department of Neurology, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA.,Neurologic Clinic and Policlinic, Departments of Medicine and Biomedicine, University Hospital of Basel, University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Ryan Baumann
- Weill Institute for Neurosciences, Department of Neurology, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Julia Dyckow
- Department of Neurology and Mannheim Center for Translational Neurosciences, Medical Faculty Mannheim, Interdisciplinary Center for Neurosciences, University of Heidelberg, Mannheim, Germany
| | - James Landefeld
- Weill Institute for Neurosciences, Department of Neurology, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Elva Kogl
- Weill Institute for Neurosciences, Department of Neurology, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Lohith Madireddy
- Weill Institute for Neurosciences, Department of Neurology, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Rita Loudermilk
- Weill Institute for Neurosciences, Department of Neurology, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Erica L Eggers
- Weill Institute for Neurosciences, Department of Neurology, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Sneha Singh
- Weill Institute for Neurosciences, Department of Neurology, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Stacy J Caillier
- Weill Institute for Neurosciences, Department of Neurology, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Stephen L Hauser
- Weill Institute for Neurosciences, Department of Neurology, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Bruce A C Cree
- Weill Institute for Neurosciences, Department of Neurology, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | | | - Lucas Schirmer
- Department of Neurology and Mannheim Center for Translational Neurosciences, Medical Faculty Mannheim, Interdisciplinary Center for Neurosciences, University of Heidelberg, Mannheim, Germany
| | - Michael R Wilson
- Weill Institute for Neurosciences, Department of Neurology, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Sergio E Baranzini
- Weill Institute for Neurosciences, Department of Neurology, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA.,Institute for Human Genetics, University of California, San Francisco, CA, USA.,Graduate Program in Bioinformatics, University of California, San Francisco, CA, USA
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22
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Li H, Sun Y, Chen R. Constructing and validating a diagnostic nomogram for multiple sclerosis via bioinformatic analysis. 3 Biotech 2021; 11:127. [PMID: 33680693 DOI: 10.1007/s13205-021-02675-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/28/2020] [Accepted: 02/01/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
The purpose of this study was to identify biomarkers and construct a diagnostic prediction model for multiple sclerosis (MS). Microarray datasets in the Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) were downloaded. Weighted gene coexpression analysis (WGCNA) was used to search for hub modules and biomarkers related to MS. Gene Ontology (GO) and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) analyses were used to roughly define their biological functions and pathways. Least absolute shrinkage and selection operator (LASSO) regression and multivariate logistic regression analysis were used to identify the diagnostic biomarkers and construct a nomogram. The calibration curve and receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve were used to judge the diagnostic predictive ability. In addition, cell-type identification by estimating relative subsets of RNA transcripts (CIBERSORT) algorithm was used to calculate the proportion of 22 kinds of immune cells. GSE41850 was used as the training set, and GSE17048 was used as the test set. WGCNA revealed one hub module containing 165 hub genes. Most of their biological functions and pathways are related to cell metabolism and immune cell activation. The diagnostic nomogram contained ARPC5, ROD1, UBQLN2, ZNF281, ABCA1 and FAS. The ROC curve and the calibration curve of the training set and test set confirmed that the nomogram had great prediction ability. In addition, monocytes and M0 macrophages were significantly different between MS patients and healthy people. The expression of ARPC5, ZNF281 and ABCA1 is correlated with M0 macrophages. The nomogram provides new insights and contributes to the accurate diagnosis of MS. SUPPLEMENTARY INFORMATION The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1007/s13205-021-02675-1.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hao Li
- Department of Pediatrics, Hejiang People's Hospital, Sichuan, China
| | - Yong Sun
- Department of Pediatrics, Hejiang People's Hospital, Sichuan, China
| | - Rong Chen
- Department of Pediatrics, Hejiang People's Hospital, Sichuan, China
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23
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Faustino LC, Kahaly GJ, Frommer L, Concepcion E, Stefan-Lifshitz M, Tomer Y. Precision Medicine in Graves' Disease: CD40 Gene Variants Predict Clinical Response to an Anti-CD40 Monoclonal Antibody. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2021; 12:691781. [PMID: 34149627 PMCID: PMC8212124 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2021.691781] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/07/2021] [Accepted: 05/13/2021] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND CD40, a key co-stimulatory molecule expressed on antigen-presenting cells, is genetically associated with a number of autoimmune diseases including Graves' disease (GD). Therefore, recent therapies targeting CD40 have been developed, including the anti-CD40 monoclonal antibody Iscalimab. In a recent pilot study, Iscalimab was shown to induce clinical remission in ~ 50% of GD patients, but the reason why only 50% of GD patients responded is not known. The aim of our study was to test the hypothesis that specific CD40 single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) genotypes and haplotypes are associated with clinical response of GD patients to Iscalimab. METHODS We extracted genomic DNA from the whole blood of 13 GD patients treated with Iscalimab, and genotyped seven CD40 single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) associated with autoimmunity. Additionally, we analyzed CD40 mRNA expression levels in whole blood. The patients' CD40 SNP genotypes and mRNA levels were tested for association with clinical response to Iscalimab. RESULTS Three common haplotypes, designated haplotypes A, B, and C, were identified. Haplotypes B and C were associated with higher CD40 mRNA levels and clinical response to Iscalimab (i.e., patients achieving euthyroidism without need for additional medications), while haplotype A was associated with decreased CD40 mRNA levels and no response to Iscalimab. CONCLUSION Our data suggest that genetic polymorphisms in the CD40 gene drive its expression levels and response to Iscalimab. Polymorphisms associated with higher CD40 levels are also associated with clinical response to CD40-targeted therapies. These results set the stage to implementing precision medicine in the therapeutic approach to GD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Larissa C. Faustino
- Department of Medicine, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, New York, NY, United States
| | - George J. Kahaly
- Department of Medicine I, Johannes Gutenberg University (JGU) Medical Center, Mainz, Germany
| | - Lara Frommer
- Department of Medicine I, Johannes Gutenberg University (JGU) Medical Center, Mainz, Germany
| | - Erlinda Concepcion
- Department of Medicine, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, New York, NY, United States
| | | | - Yaron Tomer
- Department of Medicine, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, New York, NY, United States
- *Correspondence: Yaron Tomer,
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24
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Ye F, Liang J, Li J, Li H, Sheng W. Development and Validation of a Five-Gene Signature to Predict Relapse-Free Survival in Multiple Sclerosis. Front Neurol 2020; 11:579683. [PMID: 33343487 PMCID: PMC7744728 DOI: 10.3389/fneur.2020.579683] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2020] [Accepted: 11/12/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Multiple sclerosis (MS) is an inflammatory and demyelinating disease of the central nervous system with a variable natural history of relapse and remission. Previous studies have found many differentially expressed genes (DEGs) in the peripheral blood of MS patients and healthy controls, but the value of these genes for predicting the risk of relapse remains elusive. Here we develop and validate an effective and noninvasive gene signature for predicting relapse-free survival (RFS) in MS patients. Methods: Gene expression matrices were downloaded from Gene Expression Omnibus and ArrayExpress. DEGs in MS patients and healthy controls were screened in an integrated analysis of seven data sets. Candidate genes from a combination of protein–protein interaction and weighted correlation network analysis were used to identify key genes related to RFS. An independent data set (GSE15245) was randomized into training and test groups. Univariate and least absolute shrinkage and selection operator–Cox regression analyses were used in the training group to develop a gene signature. A nomogram incorporating independent risk factors was developed via multivariate Cox regression analyses. Kaplan–Meier methods, receiver-operating characteristic (ROC) curves, and Harrell's concordance index (C-index) were used to estimate the performance of the gene signature and nomogram. The test group was used for external validation. Results: A five-gene signature comprising FTH1, GBP2, MYL6, NCOA4, and SRP9 was used to calculate risk scores to predict individual RFS. The risk score was an independent risk factor, and a nomogram incorporating clinical parameters was established. ROC curves and C-indices demonstrated great performance of these predictive tools in both the training and test groups. Conclusions: The five-gene signature may be a reliable tool for assisting physicians in predicting RFS in clinical practice. We anticipate that these findings could not only facilitate personalized treatment for MS patients but also provide insight into the complex molecular mechanism of this disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fei Ye
- Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China.,Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Diagnosis and Treatment of Major Neurological Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jie Liang
- Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China.,Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Diagnosis and Treatment of Major Neurological Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jiaoxing Li
- Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China.,Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Diagnosis and Treatment of Major Neurological Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Haiyan Li
- Department of Neurology, The Third Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Wenli Sheng
- Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China.,Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Diagnosis and Treatment of Major Neurological Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
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25
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Inferring Multiple Sclerosis Stages from the Blood Transcriptome via Machine Learning. CELL REPORTS MEDICINE 2020; 1:100053. [PMID: 33205062 PMCID: PMC7659538 DOI: 10.1016/j.xcrm.2020.100053] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2019] [Revised: 05/05/2020] [Accepted: 06/22/2020] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
Abstract
Peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) bear specific dysregulations in genes and pathways at distinct stages of multiple sclerosis (MS) that may help with classifying MS and non-MS subjects, specifying the early stage of disease, or discriminating among MS courses. Here we describe an unbiased machine learning workflow to build MS stage-specific classifiers based on PBMC transcriptomics profiles from more than 300 individuals, including healthy subjects and patients with clinically isolated syndromes, relapsing-remitting MS, primary or secondary progressive MS, or other neurological disorders. The pipeline, designed to optimize and compare the performance of distinct machine learning algorithms in the training cohort, generates predictive models not influenced by demographic features, such as age and gender, and displays high accuracy in the independent validation cohort. Proper application of machine learning to transcriptional profiles of circulating blood cells may allow identification of disease state and stage in MS. Generated PBMC transcriptomes from multiple sclerosis and control subjects Unbiased machine learning workflow allows algorithm comparison and optimization Classifiers built on training cohort have high accuracy in the independent test set PBMC transcriptomes identify disease state and stage in multiple sclerosis
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26
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Abstract
Multiple sclerosis (MS) exhibits a well-documented increased incidence in individuals with respective family history, that is, is a heritable disease. In the last decade, genome-wide association studies have enabled the agnostic interrogation of the whole genome at a large scale. To date, over 200 genetic associations have been described at the strict level of genome-wide significance. Our current understanding of MS genetics can explain up to half of the disease's heritability, raising the important question of whether this is enough information to leverage toward improving diagnosis in MS. Parallel advancements in technologies that allow the characterization of the full transcriptome down to the single-cell level have enabled the generation of an unprecedented wealth of information. Transcriptional changes of putative causal cells could be utilized to identify early signs of disease onset. These recent findings in genetics and genomics, coupled with new technologies and deeply phenotyped cohorts, have the potential to improve the diagnosis of MS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nikolaos A Patsopoulos
- Systems Biology and Computer Science Program, Ann Romney Center for Neurological Diseases, Department of Neurology, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA, USA/Division of Genetics, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA/Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA/Broad Institute of Harvard and Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - Philip L De Jager
- Broad Institute of Harvard and Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, USA/Center for Translational and Computational Neuroimmunology, Multiple Sclerosis Center, Department of Neurology, Columbia University Medical Center, New York, NY, USA
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27
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Non-parametric combination analysis of multiple data types enables detection of novel regulatory mechanisms in T cells of multiple sclerosis patients. Sci Rep 2019; 9:11996. [PMID: 31427643 PMCID: PMC6700160 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-019-48493-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/12/2019] [Accepted: 08/06/2019] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Multiple Sclerosis (MS) is an autoimmune disease of the central nervous system with prominent neurodegenerative components. The triggering and progression of MS is associated with transcriptional and epigenetic alterations in several tissues, including peripheral blood. The combined influence of transcriptional and epigenetic changes associated with MS has not been assessed in the same individuals. Here we generated paired transcriptomic (RNA-seq) and DNA methylation (Illumina 450 K array) profiles of CD4+ and CD8+ T cells (CD4, CD8), using clinically accessible blood from healthy donors and MS patients in the initial relapsing-remitting and subsequent secondary-progressive stage. By integrating the output of a differential expression test with a permutation-based non-parametric combination methodology, we identified 149 differentially expressed (DE) genes in both CD4 and CD8 cells collected from MS patients. Moreover, by leveraging the methylation-dependent regulation of gene expression, we identified the gene SH3YL1, which displayed significant correlated expression and methylation changes in MS patients. Importantly, silencing of SH3YL1 in primary human CD4 cells demonstrated its influence on T cell activation. Collectively, our strategy based on paired sampling of several cell-types provides a novel approach to increase sensitivity for identifying shared mechanisms altered in CD4 and CD8 cells of relevance in MS in small sized clinical materials.
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28
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Integrative analysis revealed potential causal genetic and epigenetic factors for multiple sclerosis. J Neurol 2019; 266:2699-2709. [DOI: 10.1007/s00415-019-09476-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2019] [Revised: 07/14/2019] [Accepted: 07/15/2019] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
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29
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Analysis of Genetic Variation in CD40 and CD40L: Relationship with mRNA Relative Expression and Soluble Proteins in Acute Coronary Syndrome. J Immunol Res 2019; 2019:8063983. [PMID: 31183392 PMCID: PMC6515173 DOI: 10.1155/2019/8063983] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/17/2018] [Revised: 03/13/2019] [Accepted: 04/10/2019] [Indexed: 11/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Acute coronary syndrome (ACS) can be triggered by the presence of inflammatory factors which promote the activation of immune cells by costimulatory molecules such as CD40 and its ligand CD40L. Environmental and genetic factors are involved in the etiology of the ACS. The aim of this study was to explore the gene and protein expression associated with CD40 and CD40L genetic variants in ACS patients from the western Mexican population. A total of 620 individuals from western Mexico were recruited: 320 ACS patients and 300 individuals without a history of ischemic cardiopathy were evaluated. The genotype was determined using TaqMan SNP genotyping assays. CD40 and CD40L expressions at the mRNA level were quantified using TaqMan Gene Expression Assays. Soluble protein isoforms were measured by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. We did not find evidence of association between CD40 (rs1883832, rs4810485, and rs11086998) and CD40L (rs3092952 and rs3092920) genetic variants and susceptibility to ACS, although rs1883832 and rs4810485 were significantly associated with high sCD40 plasma levels. Plasma levels of sCD40L can be affected by gender and the clinical spectrum of acute coronary syndrome. Our results do not suggest a functional role of CD40 and CD40L genetic variants in ACS. However, they could reflect the inflammatory process and platelet activation in ACS patients, even when they are under pharmacological therapy. Due to the important roles of the CD40-CD40L system in the pathogenesis of ACS, longitudinal studies are required to determine if soluble levels of CD40 and CD40L could be clinically useful markers of a recurrent cardiovascular event after an ACS.
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30
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The "Usual Suspects": Genes for Inflammation, Fibrosis, Regeneration, and Muscle Strength Modify Duchenne Muscular Dystrophy. J Clin Med 2019; 8:jcm8050649. [PMID: 31083420 PMCID: PMC6571893 DOI: 10.3390/jcm8050649] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/05/2019] [Revised: 04/29/2019] [Accepted: 05/03/2019] [Indexed: 01/14/2023] Open
Abstract
Duchenne muscular dystrophy (DMD), the most severe form of dystrophinopathy, is quite homogeneous with regards to its causative biochemical defect, i.e., complete dystrophin deficiency, but not so much with regards to its phenotype. For instance, muscle weakness progresses to the loss of independent ambulation at a variable age, starting from before 10 years, to even after 16 years (with glucocorticoid treatment). Identifying the bases of such variability is relevant for patient counseling, prognosis, stratification in trials, and identification of therapeutic targets. To date, variants in five loci have been associated with variability in human DMD sub-phenotypes: SPP1, LTBP4, CD40, ACTN3, and THBS1. Four of these genes (SPP1, LTBP4, CD40, and THBS1) are implicated in several interconnected molecular pathways regulating inflammatory response to muscle damage, regeneration, and fibrosis; while ACTN3 is known as “the gene for speed”, as it contains a common truncating polymorphism (18% of the general population), which reduces muscle power and sprint performance. Studies leading to the identification of these modifiers were mostly based on a “candidate gene” approach, hence the identification of modifiers in “usual suspect” pathways, which are already known to modify muscle in disease or health. Unbiased approaches that are based on genome mapping have so far been applied only initially, but they will probably represent the focus of future developments in this field, and will hopefully identify novel, “unsuspected” therapeutic targets. In this article, we summarize the state of the art of modifier loci of human dystrophin deficiency, and attempt to assess their relevance and implications on both clinical management and translational research.
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31
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Berge T, Eriksson A, Brorson IS, Høgestøl EA, Berg-Hansen P, Døskeland A, Mjaavatten O, Bos SD, Harbo HF, Berven F. Quantitative proteomic analyses of CD4 + and CD8 + T cells reveal differentially expressed proteins in multiple sclerosis patients and healthy controls. Clin Proteomics 2019; 16:19. [PMID: 31080378 PMCID: PMC6505067 DOI: 10.1186/s12014-019-9241-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2018] [Accepted: 04/27/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Multiple sclerosis (MS) is an autoimmune, neuroinflammatory disease, with an unclear etiology. However, T cells play a central role in the pathogenesis by crossing the blood–brain-barrier, leading to inflammation of the central nervous system and demyelination of the protective sheath surrounding the nerve fibers. MS has a complex inheritance pattern, and several studies indicate that gene interactions with environmental factors contribute to disease onset. Methods In the current study, we evaluated T cell dysregulation at the protein level using electrospray liquid chromatography–tandem mass spectrometry to get novel insights into immune-cell processes in MS. We have analyzed the proteomic profiles of CD4+ and CD8+ T cells purified from whole blood from 13 newly diagnosed, treatment-naive female patients with relapsing–remitting MS and 14 age- and sex-matched healthy controls. Results An overall higher protein abundance was observed in both CD4+ and CD8+ T cells from MS patients when compared to healthy controls. The differentially expressed proteins were enriched for T-cell specific activation pathways, especially CTLA4 and CD28 signaling in CD4+ T cells. When selectively analyzing proteins expressed from the genes most proximal to > 200 non-HLA MS susceptibility polymorphisms, we observed differential expression of eight proteins in T cells between MS patients and healthy controls, and there was a correlation between the genotype at three MS genetic risk loci and protein expressed from proximal genes. Conclusion Our study provides evidence for proteomic differences in T cells from relapsing–remitting MS patients compared to healthy controls and also identifies dysregulation of proteins encoded from MS susceptibility genes. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (10.1186/s12014-019-9241-5) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tone Berge
- Department of Mechanical, Electronics and Chemical Engineering, Faculty of Technology, Art and Design, Oslo Met - Oslo Metropolitan University, Postboks 4, St. Olavs Plass, 0130 Oslo, Norway.,2Neuroscience Research Unit, Oslo University Hospital, Rikshospitalet, Domus Medica 4, Nydalen, Postboks 4950, 0424 Oslo, Norway.,3Department of Research, Innovation and Education, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway
| | - Anna Eriksson
- 2Neuroscience Research Unit, Oslo University Hospital, Rikshospitalet, Domus Medica 4, Nydalen, Postboks 4950, 0424 Oslo, Norway.,4Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
| | - Ina Skaara Brorson
- 2Neuroscience Research Unit, Oslo University Hospital, Rikshospitalet, Domus Medica 4, Nydalen, Postboks 4950, 0424 Oslo, Norway.,4Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway.,5Department of Neurology, Oslo University Hospital, Ullevål, Postboks 4950, 0424 Nydalen, Oslo, Norway
| | - Einar August Høgestøl
- 2Neuroscience Research Unit, Oslo University Hospital, Rikshospitalet, Domus Medica 4, Nydalen, Postboks 4950, 0424 Oslo, Norway.,4Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
| | - Pål Berg-Hansen
- 4Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway.,5Department of Neurology, Oslo University Hospital, Ullevål, Postboks 4950, 0424 Nydalen, Oslo, Norway
| | - Anne Døskeland
- 6Proteomics Unit at University of Bergen (PROBE), Department of Biomedicine, University of Bergen, Postboks 7804, 5020 Bergen, Norway
| | - Olav Mjaavatten
- 6Proteomics Unit at University of Bergen (PROBE), Department of Biomedicine, University of Bergen, Postboks 7804, 5020 Bergen, Norway
| | - Steffan Daniel Bos
- 2Neuroscience Research Unit, Oslo University Hospital, Rikshospitalet, Domus Medica 4, Nydalen, Postboks 4950, 0424 Oslo, Norway.,4Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway.,5Department of Neurology, Oslo University Hospital, Ullevål, Postboks 4950, 0424 Nydalen, Oslo, Norway
| | - Hanne F Harbo
- 4Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway.,5Department of Neurology, Oslo University Hospital, Ullevål, Postboks 4950, 0424 Nydalen, Oslo, Norway
| | - Frode Berven
- 6Proteomics Unit at University of Bergen (PROBE), Department of Biomedicine, University of Bergen, Postboks 7804, 5020 Bergen, Norway
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32
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Afrasiabi A, Parnell GP, Fewings N, Schibeci SD, Basuki MA, Chandramohan R, Zhou Y, Taylor B, Brown DA, Swaminathan S, McKay FC, Stewart GJ, Booth DR. Evidence from genome wide association studies implicates reduced control of Epstein-Barr virus infection in multiple sclerosis susceptibility. Genome Med 2019; 11:26. [PMID: 31039804 PMCID: PMC6492329 DOI: 10.1186/s13073-019-0640-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/28/2018] [Accepted: 04/10/2019] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Genome wide association studies have identified > 200 susceptibility loci accounting for much of the heritability of multiple sclerosis (MS). Epstein-Barr virus (EBV), a memory B cell tropic virus, has been identified as necessary but not sufficient for development of MS. The molecular and immunological basis for this has not been established. Infected B cell proliferation is driven by signalling through the EBV produced cell surface protein LMP1, a homologue of the MS risk gene CD40. METHODS We have investigated transcriptomes of B cells and EBV-infected B cells at Latency III (LCLs) and identified MS risk genes with altered expression on infection and with expression levels associated with the MS risk genotype (LCLeQTLs). The association of LCLeQTL genomic burden with EBV phenotypes in vitro and in vivo was examined. The risk genotype effect on LCL proliferation with CD40 stimulation was assessed. RESULTS These LCLeQTL MS risk SNP:gene pairs (47 identified) were over-represented in genes dysregulated between B and LCLs (p < 1.53 × 10-4), and as target loci of the EBV transcription factor EBNA2 (p < 3.17 × 10-16). Overall genetic burden of LCLeQTLs was associated with some EBV phenotypes but not others. Stimulation of the CD40 pathway by CD40L reduced LCL proliferation (p < 0.001), dependent on CD40 and TRAF3 MS risk genotypes. Both CD40 and TRAF3 risk SNPs are in binding sites for the EBV transcription factor EBNA2, with expression of each correlated with EBNA2 expression dependent on genotype. CONCLUSIONS These data indicate targeting EBV may be of therapeutic benefit in MS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ali Afrasiabi
- Centre for Immunology and Allergy Research, Westmead Institute for Medical Research, University of Sydney, Sydney, Australia
| | - Grant P Parnell
- Centre for Immunology and Allergy Research, Westmead Institute for Medical Research, University of Sydney, Sydney, Australia
| | - Nicole Fewings
- Centre for Immunology and Allergy Research, Westmead Institute for Medical Research, University of Sydney, Sydney, Australia
| | - Stephen D Schibeci
- Centre for Immunology and Allergy Research, Westmead Institute for Medical Research, University of Sydney, Sydney, Australia
| | - Monica A Basuki
- Centre for Immunology and Allergy Research, Westmead Institute for Medical Research, University of Sydney, Sydney, Australia
| | - Ramya Chandramohan
- Centre for Immunology and Allergy Research, Westmead Institute for Medical Research, University of Sydney, Sydney, Australia
| | - Yuan Zhou
- Menzies Research Institute Tasmania, University of Tasmania, Hobart, Australia
| | - Bruce Taylor
- Menzies Research Institute Tasmania, University of Tasmania, Hobart, Australia
| | - David A Brown
- Centre for Immunology and Allergy Research, Westmead Institute for Medical Research, University of Sydney, Sydney, Australia
| | - Sanjay Swaminathan
- Centre for Immunology and Allergy Research, Westmead Institute for Medical Research, University of Sydney, Sydney, Australia
| | - Fiona C McKay
- Centre for Immunology and Allergy Research, Westmead Institute for Medical Research, University of Sydney, Sydney, Australia
| | - Graeme J Stewart
- Centre for Immunology and Allergy Research, Westmead Institute for Medical Research, University of Sydney, Sydney, Australia
| | - David R Booth
- Centre for Immunology and Allergy Research, Westmead Institute for Medical Research, University of Sydney, Sydney, Australia.
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Pytel V, Matías-Guiu JA, Torre-Fuentes L, Montero-Escribano P, Maietta P, Botet J, Álvarez S, Gómez-Pinedo U, Matías-Guiu J. Exonic variants of genes related to the vitamin D signaling pathway in the families of familial multiple sclerosis using whole-exome next generation sequencing. Brain Behav 2019; 9:e01272. [PMID: 30900415 PMCID: PMC6456803 DOI: 10.1002/brb3.1272] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/03/2019] [Revised: 02/27/2019] [Accepted: 03/06/2019] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Vitamin D (VD) deficiency has been associated with multiple sclerosis (MS) and other autoimmune diseases (AIDs). However, the effect of the genetics of VD on the risk of MS is subject to debate. This study focuses on genes linked to the VD signaling pathway in families with MS. The evaluation of gene variants in all the members of families could contribute to an additional knowledge on the information obtained from case-control studies that use nonrelated healthy people. MATERIAL AND METHODS We studied 94 individuals from 15 families including at least two patients with MS. We performed whole-exome next generation sequencing on all individuals and analyzed variants of the DHCR7, CYP2R1, CYP3A4, CYP27A1, GC, CYP27B1, LRP2, CUBN, DAB2, FCGR, RXR, VDR, CYP24A1, and PDIA3 genes. We also studied PTH, FGF23, METTL1, METTL21B, and the role of the linkage disequilibrium block on the long arm of chromosome 12, through analysis of the CDK4, TSFM, AGAP2, and AVIL genes. We compared patients with MS, other AIDs and unaffected members from different family types. RESULTS The study described the variants in the VD signaling pathway that appear in families with at least two patients with MS. Some infrequent variants were detected in these families, but no significant difference was observed between patients with MS and/or other AIDs and unaffected family members in the frequency of these variants. Variants previously associated with MS in the literature were not observed in these families or were distributed similarly in patients and unaffected family members. CONCLUSION The study of genes involved in the VD signaling pathway in families that include more than one patient with MS did not identify any variants that could explain the presence of the disease, suggesting that VD metabolism could probably play a role in MS more as an environmental factor rather than as a genetic factor. Our study also supports the analysis of cases and unaffected individuals within families in order to determine the influence of genetic factors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vanesa Pytel
- Department of Neurology, Institute of Neurosciences, IdISSC, Hospital Clínico San Carlos, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, Madrid, Spain.,Laboratory of Neurobiology, Institute of Neurosciences, IdISSC, Hospital Clínico San Carlos, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, Madrid, Spain
| | - Jordi A Matías-Guiu
- Department of Neurology, Institute of Neurosciences, IdISSC, Hospital Clínico San Carlos, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, Madrid, Spain
| | - Laura Torre-Fuentes
- Laboratory of Neurobiology, Institute of Neurosciences, IdISSC, Hospital Clínico San Carlos, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, Madrid, Spain
| | - Paloma Montero-Escribano
- Department of Neurology, Institute of Neurosciences, IdISSC, Hospital Clínico San Carlos, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, Madrid, Spain
| | | | | | | | - Ulises Gómez-Pinedo
- Laboratory of Neurobiology, Institute of Neurosciences, IdISSC, Hospital Clínico San Carlos, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, Madrid, Spain
| | - Jorge Matías-Guiu
- Department of Neurology, Institute of Neurosciences, IdISSC, Hospital Clínico San Carlos, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, Madrid, Spain.,Laboratory of Neurobiology, Institute of Neurosciences, IdISSC, Hospital Clínico San Carlos, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, Madrid, Spain
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Webb LM, Narvaez Miranda J, Amici SA, Sengupta S, Nagy G, Guerau-de-Arellano M. NF-κB/mTOR/MYC Axis Drives PRMT5 Protein Induction After T Cell Activation via Transcriptional and Non-transcriptional Mechanisms. Front Immunol 2019; 10:524. [PMID: 30941147 PMCID: PMC6433977 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2019.00524] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/01/2018] [Accepted: 02/26/2019] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Multiple sclerosis is an autoimmune disease of the central nervous system (CNS) mediated by CD4+ T cells and modeled via experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis (EAE). Inhibition of PRMT5, the major Type II arginine methyltransferase, suppresses pathogenic T cell responses and EAE. PRMT5 is transiently induced in proliferating memory inflammatory Th1 cells and during EAE. However, the mechanisms driving PRMT5 protein induction and repression as T cells expand and return to resting is currently unknown. Here, we used naive mouse and memory mouse and human Th1/Th2 cells as models to identify mechanisms controlling PRMT5 protein expression in initial and recall T cell activation. Initial activation of naive mouse T cells resulted in NF-κB-dependent transient Prmt5 transcription and NF-κB, mTOR and MYC-dependent PRMT5 protein induction. In murine memory Th cells, transcription and miRNA loss supported PRMT5 induction to a lesser extent than in naive T cells. In contrast, NF-κB/MYC/mTOR-dependent non-transcriptional PRMT5 induction played a major role. These results highlight the importance of the NF-κB/mTOR/MYC axis in PRMT5-driven pathogenic T cell expansion and may guide targeted therapeutic strategies for MS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lindsay M Webb
- Division of Medical Laboratory Science, Wexner Medical Center, School of Health and Rehabilitation Sciences, College of Medicine, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, United States.,Biomedical Sciences Graduate Program, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, United States
| | - Janiret Narvaez Miranda
- Division of Medical Laboratory Science, Wexner Medical Center, School of Health and Rehabilitation Sciences, College of Medicine, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, United States
| | - Stephanie A Amici
- Division of Medical Laboratory Science, Wexner Medical Center, School of Health and Rehabilitation Sciences, College of Medicine, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, United States
| | - Shouvonik Sengupta
- Division of Medical Laboratory Science, Wexner Medical Center, School of Health and Rehabilitation Sciences, College of Medicine, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, United States.,Biomedical Sciences Graduate Program, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, United States
| | - Gregory Nagy
- Biomedical Sciences Graduate Program, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, United States
| | - Mireia Guerau-de-Arellano
- Division of Medical Laboratory Science, Wexner Medical Center, School of Health and Rehabilitation Sciences, College of Medicine, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, United States.,Institute for Behavioral Medicine Research, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, United States.,Department of Microbial Infection and Immunity, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, United States.,Department of Neuroscience, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, United States
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35
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Lu M, McComish BJ, Burdon KP, Taylor BV, Körner H. The Association Between Vitamin D and Multiple Sclerosis Risk: 1,25(OH) 2D 3 Induces Super-Enhancers Bound by VDR. Front Immunol 2019; 10:488. [PMID: 30941131 PMCID: PMC6433938 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2019.00488] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/09/2018] [Accepted: 02/22/2019] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
A super-enhancer (SE) is a cluster of enhancers with a relatively high density of particular chromatin features. SEs typically regulate key genes that can determine cell identity and differentiation. Identifying SEs and their effects may be critical in predicting key regulatory genes, such as master transcription factor genes or oncogenes. Signal inducible SEs are dense stretches of signal terminal transcription factor (TF) binding regions, and may modulate the interaction between environmental factors (e.g., Vitamin D) and genetic factors (i.e., risk variants) in complex diseases such as multiple sclerosis (MS). As a complex autoimmune disease, the etiology and progression of MS, including the interaction between Vitamin D and MS risk variants, is still unclear and can be explored from the aspect of signal SEs. Vitamin D [with its active form: 1,25(OH)2D3], is an environmental risk factor for MS. It binds the Vitamin D receptor (VDR) and regulates gene expression. This study explores the association between VDR super-enhancers (VSEs) and MS risk variants. Firstly, we reanalyse public ChIP-seq and RNA-seq data to classify VSEs into three categories according to their combinations of persistent and secondary VDR binding. Secondly, we indicate the genes with VSE regions that are near MS risk variants. Furthermore, we find that MS risk variants are enriched in VSE regions, and we indicate some genes with a VSE overlapping MS risk variant for further exploration. We also find two clusters of genes from the set of genes showing correlation of expression patterns with the MS risk gene ZMIZ1 that appear to be regulated by VSEs in THP-1 cells. It is the first time that VSEs have been analyzed, and we directly connect the genetic risk factors for MS risk with Vitamin D based on VSEs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ming Lu
- Menzies Institute for Medical Research, University of Tasmania, Hobart, TAS, Australia.,Department of Immunology, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
| | - Bennet J McComish
- Menzies Institute for Medical Research, University of Tasmania, Hobart, TAS, Australia
| | - Kathryn P Burdon
- Menzies Institute for Medical Research, University of Tasmania, Hobart, TAS, Australia
| | - Bruce V Taylor
- Menzies Institute for Medical Research, University of Tasmania, Hobart, TAS, Australia
| | - Heinrich Körner
- Menzies Institute for Medical Research, University of Tasmania, Hobart, TAS, Australia.,Key Laboratory of Anti-inflammatory and Immunopharmacology, Ministry of Education, Collaborative Innovation Center of Anti-Inflammatory and Immune Medicine, Institute of Clinical Pharmacology, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
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36
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Mehta D, Wani S, Wallace L, Henders AK, Wray NR, McCombe PA. Cumulative influence of parity-related genomic changes in multiple sclerosis. J Neuroimmunol 2018; 328:38-49. [PMID: 30579155 DOI: 10.1016/j.jneuroim.2018.12.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2018] [Revised: 12/06/2018] [Accepted: 12/12/2018] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Pregnancy reduces the frequency of relapses in Multiple Sclerosis (MS) and parity also has a beneficial long term effect on disease outcome. We aimed to uncover the biological mechanisms underlying the beneficial long-term effects of parity in MS. Genome-wide gene expression revealed 574 genes associated with parity; 38.3% showed significant DNA methylation changes (enrichment p = 0.029). These genes overlapped with previous MS genes in humans and a rat MS model and were overrepresented within axon guidance (P = 1.6e-05), developmental biology (P = 0.0094) and cell-cell communication (P = 0.019) pathways. This gene regulation could provide a basis for a protective effect of parity on the long-term outcome of MS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Divya Mehta
- School of Psychology and Counselling, Faculty of Health, Institute of Health and Biomedical Innovation, Queensland University of Technology, Kelvin Grove, Queensland, Australia; Center for Neurostatistics and Statistical Genomics, Institute for Molecular Bioscience, The University of Queensland, St Lucia, Queensland 4072, Australia
| | - Shivangi Wani
- Center for Neurostatistics and Statistical Genomics, Institute for Molecular Bioscience, The University of Queensland, St Lucia, Queensland 4072, Australia
| | - Leanne Wallace
- Center for Neurostatistics and Statistical Genomics, Institute for Molecular Bioscience, The University of Queensland, St Lucia, Queensland 4072, Australia
| | - Anjali K Henders
- Center for Neurostatistics and Statistical Genomics, Institute for Molecular Bioscience, The University of Queensland, St Lucia, Queensland 4072, Australia
| | - Naomi R Wray
- Center for Neurostatistics and Statistical Genomics, Institute for Molecular Bioscience, The University of Queensland, St Lucia, Queensland 4072, Australia
| | - Pamela A McCombe
- Centre for Clinical Research, UQ CCR, The University of Queensland, Queensland, Australia.
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37
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Mousa TG, Omar HH, Emad R, Salama MI, Omar W, Fawzy M, Hassoba HM. The association of CD40 polymorphism (rs1883832C/T) and soluble CD40 with the risk of systemic lupus erythematosus among Egyptian patients. Clin Rheumatol 2018; 38:777-784. [DOI: 10.1007/s10067-018-4349-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/10/2018] [Revised: 10/09/2018] [Accepted: 10/22/2018] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
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38
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Moore JR, Hubler SL, Nelson CD, Nashold FE, Spanier JA, Hayes CE. 1,25-Dihydroxyvitamin D 3 increases the methionine cycle, CD4 + T cell DNA methylation and Helios +Foxp3 + T regulatory cells to reverse autoimmune neurodegenerative disease. J Neuroimmunol 2018; 324:100-114. [PMID: 30267995 DOI: 10.1016/j.jneuroim.2018.09.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2018] [Revised: 09/12/2018] [Accepted: 09/18/2018] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
We investigated how one calcitriol dose plus vitamin D3 reverses experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis (EAE), a multiple sclerosis model. This protocol rapidly increased CD4+ T cell Ikzf2 transcripts, Helios protein, and CD4+Helios+FoxP3+ T regulatory cells. It also rapidly increased CD4+ T cell Bhmt1 transcripts, betaine:homocysteine methyltransferase-1 (BHMT1) enzyme activity, and global DNA methylation. BHMT1 transmethylates homocysteine to replenish methionine. Targeting the Vdr gene in T cells decreased Ikzf2 and Bhmt1 gene expression, reduced DNA methylation, and elevated systemic homocysteine in mice with EAE. We hypothesize that calcitriol drives a transition from encephalitogenic CD4+ T cell to Treg cell dominance by upregulating Ikzf2 and Bhmt1, recycling homocysteine to methionine, reducing homocysteine toxicity, maintaining DNA methylation, and stabilizing CD4+Helios+FoxP3+Tregulatory cells. Conserved vitamin D-responsive element (VDRE)-type sequences in the Bhmt1 and Ikzf2 promoters, the universal need for methionine in epigenetic regulation, and betaine's protective effects in MTHFR-deficiency suggest similar regulatory mechanisms exist in humans.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jerott R Moore
- Department of Biochemistry, College of Agricultural and Life Sciences, University of Wisconsin-Madison, 433 Babcock Drive, Madison, WI 53706, United States
| | | | - Corwin D Nelson
- Department of Animal Sciences, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32611, United States
| | - Faye E Nashold
- Department of Biochemistry, College of Agricultural and Life Sciences, University of Wisconsin-Madison, 433 Babcock Drive, Madison, WI 53706, United States
| | - Justin A Spanier
- Rheumatic and Autoimmune Diseases, Center for Immunology, Department of Medicine, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN 55455, United States.
| | - Colleen E Hayes
- Department of Biochemistry, College of Agricultural and Life Sciences, University of Wisconsin-Madison, 433 Babcock Drive, Madison, WI 53706, United States.
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39
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Lu M, Taylor BV, Körner H. Genomic Effects of the Vitamin D Receptor: Potentially the Link between Vitamin D, Immune Cells, and Multiple Sclerosis. Front Immunol 2018; 9:477. [PMID: 29593729 PMCID: PMC5857605 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2018.00477] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2017] [Accepted: 02/22/2018] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Vitamin D has a plethora of functions that are important for the maintenance of general health and in particular, the functional integrity of the immune system, such as promoting an anti-inflammatory cytokine profile and reducing the Treg/Th17 ratio. Multiple sclerosis (MS) is a chronic, inflammatory, and neurodegenerative central nervous system (CNS) disorder of probable autoimmune origin. MS is characterized by recurring or progressive demyelination and degeneration of the CNS due in part to a misguided immune response to as yet undefined (CNS) antigens, potentially including myelin basic protein and proteolipid protein. MS has also been shown to be associated significantly with environmental factors such as the lack of vitamin D. The role of vitamin D in the pathogenesis and progression of MS is complex. Recent genetic studies have shown that various common MS-associated risk-single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) are located within or in the vicinity of genes associated with the complex metabolism of vitamin D. The functional aspects of these genetic associations may be explained either by a direct SNP-associated loss- or gain-of-function in a vitamin D-associated gene or due to a change in the regulation of gene expression in certain immune cell types. The development of new genetic tools using next-generation sequencing: e.g., chromatin immunoprecipitation sequencing (ChIP-seq) and the accompanying rapid progress of epigenomics has made it possible to recognize that the association between vitamin D and MS could be based on the extensive and characteristic genomic binding of the vitamin D receptor (VDR). Therefore, it is important to analyze comprehensively the spatiotemporal VDR binding patterns that have been identified using ChIP-seq in multiple immune cell types to reveal an integral profile of genomic VDR interaction. In summary, the aim of this review is to connect genomic effects vitamin D has on immune cells with MS and thus, to contribute to a better understanding of the influence of vitamin D on the etiology and the pathogenesis of this complex autoimmune disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ming Lu
- Menzies Institute for Medical Research Tasmania, Hobart, TAS, Australia
| | - Bruce V. Taylor
- Menzies Institute for Medical Research Tasmania, Hobart, TAS, Australia
| | - Heinrich Körner
- Menzies Institute for Medical Research Tasmania, Hobart, TAS, Australia
- Institute of Clinical Pharmacology, Anhui Medical University, Key Laboratory of Anti-inflammatory and Immunopharmacology, Ministry of Education, Engineering Technology Research Center of Anti-inflammatory and Immunodrugs in Anhui Province, Hefei, China
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40
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Aarts SABM, Seijkens TTP, van Dorst KJF, Dijkstra CD, Kooij G, Lutgens E. The CD40-CD40L Dyad in Experimental Autoimmune Encephalomyelitis and Multiple Sclerosis. Front Immunol 2017; 8:1791. [PMID: 29312317 PMCID: PMC5732943 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2017.01791] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/06/2017] [Accepted: 11/29/2017] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
The CD40-CD40L dyad is an immune checkpoint regulator that promotes both innate and adaptive immune responses and has therefore an essential role in the development of inflammatory diseases, including multiple sclerosis (MS). In MS, CD40 and CD40L are expressed on immune cells present in blood and lymphoid organs, affected resident central nervous system (CNS) cells, and inflammatory cells that have infiltrated the CNS. CD40-CD40L interactions fuel the inflammatory response underlying MS, and both genetic deficiency and antibody-mediated inhibition of the CD40-CD40L dyad reduce disease severity in experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis (EAE). Both proteins are therefore attractive therapeutic candidates to modulate aberrant inflammatory responses in MS. Here, we discuss the genetic, experimental and clinical studies on the role of CD40 and CD40L interactions in EAE and MS and we explore novel approaches to therapeutically target this dyad to combat neuroinflammatory diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Suzanne A. B. M. Aarts
- Department of Medical Biochemistry, Subdivision of Experimental Vascular Biology, Academic Medical Center, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, Netherlands
| | - Tom T. P. Seijkens
- Department of Medical Biochemistry, Subdivision of Experimental Vascular Biology, Academic Medical Center, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, Netherlands
- Institute for Cardiovascular Prevention (IPEK), Ludwig Maximilians University (LMU), Munich, Germany
| | | | - Christine D. Dijkstra
- Department of Molecular Cell Biology and Immunology, Neuroscience Campus Amsterdam, VU University Medical Center, Amsterdam, Netherlands
| | - Gijs Kooij
- Department of Molecular Cell Biology and Immunology, Neuroscience Campus Amsterdam, VU University Medical Center, Amsterdam, Netherlands
| | - Esther Lutgens
- Department of Medical Biochemistry, Subdivision of Experimental Vascular Biology, Academic Medical Center, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, Netherlands
- Institute for Cardiovascular Prevention (IPEK), Ludwig Maximilians University (LMU), Munich, Germany
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41
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Lv H, Wu X, Ma G, Sun L, Meng J, Song X, Zhang J. An integrated bioinformatical analysis of miR-19a target genes in multiple myeloma. Exp Ther Med 2017; 14:4711-4720. [PMID: 29201171 PMCID: PMC5704339 DOI: 10.3892/etm.2017.5173] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/12/2016] [Accepted: 05/19/2017] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
MicroRNA (miR)-19a, as an oncomiR, has been studied in several types of cancer; however, its role in the development and progression of multiple myeloma (MM) remains unclear. The present study used a bioinformatics approach to investigate the involvement of miR-19a in MM. miR-19a targets were predicted using target prediction programs, followed by screening for differentially expressed genes in MM. The function of these genes was then annotated using gene ontology term enrichment, signaling pathway enrichment and protein-protein interaction (PPI) analysis. In addition, natural language processing (NLP) was performed to identify genes associated with MM. A total of 715 putative targets of miR-19a were identified in the present study, of which 40 were experimentally validated. A total of 121 genes were identified to be differentially expressed in MM, including 80 upregulated genes and 41 downregulated genes. Among the differentially expressed genes, ras homolog family member B, clathrin heavy chain, prosaposin and protein phosphatase 6 regulatory subunit 2 were predicted target genes of miR-19a. The results of NLP revealed that 2 of the differentially expressed genes, Y-box binding protein 1 and TP53 regulated inhibitor of apoptosis 1, were reported to be associated with MM. In addition, 41 target genes of miR-19a were identified to be associated with the development and progression of MM. These results may aid in understanding the molecular mechanisms of miR-19a in the development and progression of MM. In addition, the results of the present study indicate that targets genes of miR-19a are potential candidate biomarkers for MM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hongyan Lv
- Department of Hematology, Third Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, Hebei 050051, P.R. China
| | - Xianda Wu
- Department of Hematology, Third Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, Hebei 050051, P.R. China
| | - Guiru Ma
- Department of Hematology, Third Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, Hebei 050051, P.R. China
| | - Lixia Sun
- Department of Hematology, Third Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, Hebei 050051, P.R. China
| | - Jianbo Meng
- Department of Hematology, Third Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, Hebei 050051, P.R. China
| | - Xiaoning Song
- Department of Hematology, Third Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, Hebei 050051, P.R. China
| | - Jinqiao Zhang
- Department of Hematology, Third Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, Hebei 050051, P.R. China
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42
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Hamey JJ, Wienert B, Quinlan KGR, Wilkins MR. METTL21B Is a Novel Human Lysine Methyltransferase of Translation Elongation Factor 1A: Discovery by CRISPR/Cas9 Knockout. Mol Cell Proteomics 2017; 16:2229-2242. [PMID: 28663172 DOI: 10.1074/mcp.m116.066308] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2016] [Revised: 06/28/2017] [Indexed: 02/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Lysine methylation is widespread on human proteins, however the enzymes that catalyze its addition remain largely unknown. This limits our capacity to study the function and regulation of this modification. Here we used the CRISPR/Cas9 system to knockout putative protein methyltransferases METTL21B and METTL23 in K562 cells, to determine if they methylate elongation factor eEF1A. The known eEF1A methyltransferase EEF1AKMT1 was also knocked out as a control. Targeted mass spectrometry revealed the loss of lysine 165 methylation upon knockout of METTL21B, and the expected loss of lysine 79 methylation on knockout of EEF1AKMT1 No loss of eEF1A methylation was seen in the METTL23 knockout. Recombinant METTL21B was shown in vitro to catalyze methylation on lysine 165 in eEF1A1 and eEF1A2, confirming it as the methyltransferase responsible for this methylation site. Proteomic analysis by SILAC revealed specific upregulation of large ribosomal subunit proteins in the METTL21B knockout, and changes to further processes related to eEF1A function in knockouts of both METTL21B and EEF1AKMT1 This indicates that the methylation of lysine 165 in human eEF1A has a very specific role. METTL21B exists only in vertebrates, with its target lysine showing similar evolutionary conservation. We suggest METTL21B be renamed eEF1A-KMT3. This is the first study to specifically generate CRISPR/Cas9 knockouts of putative protein methyltransferase genes, for substrate discovery and site mapping. Our approach should prove useful for the discovery of further novel methyltransferases, and more generally for the discovery of sites for other protein-modifying enzymes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joshua J Hamey
- From the ‡School of Biotechnology and Biomolecular Sciences, University of New South Wales, New South Wales, 2052, Australia
| | - Beeke Wienert
- From the ‡School of Biotechnology and Biomolecular Sciences, University of New South Wales, New South Wales, 2052, Australia
| | - Kate G R Quinlan
- From the ‡School of Biotechnology and Biomolecular Sciences, University of New South Wales, New South Wales, 2052, Australia
| | - Marc R Wilkins
- From the ‡School of Biotechnology and Biomolecular Sciences, University of New South Wales, New South Wales, 2052, Australia
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43
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Parnell GP, Booth DR. The Multiple Sclerosis (MS) Genetic Risk Factors Indicate both Acquired and Innate Immune Cell Subsets Contribute to MS Pathogenesis and Identify Novel Therapeutic Opportunities. Front Immunol 2017; 8:425. [PMID: 28458668 PMCID: PMC5394466 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2017.00425] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2017] [Accepted: 03/27/2017] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Multiple sclerosis (MS) is known to be a partially heritable autoimmune disease. The risk of developing MS increases from typically 1 in 1,000 in the normal population to 1 in 4 or so for identical twins where one twin is affected. Much of this heritability is now explained and is due almost entirely to genes affecting the immune response. The largest and first identified genetic risk factor is an allele from the MHC class II HLA-DRB1 gene, HLA-DRB1*15:01, which increases risk about threefold. The HLA-DRB1 gene is expressed in antigen-presenting cells, and its protein functions in presenting particular types of antigen to CD4 T cells. This discovery supported the development of the first successful immunomodulatory therapies: glatiramer acetate, which mimics the antigen presentation process, and interferon beta, which targets CD4 T cell activation. Over 200 genetic risk variants, all single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs), have now been described. The SNPs are located within, or close to, genes expressed predominantly in acquired and innate immune cell subsets, indicating that both contribute to MS pathogenesis. The risk alleles indicate variation in the regulation of gene expression, rather than protein variation, underpins genetic susceptibility. In this review, we discuss how the expression and function of the risk genes, as well as the effect on these of the risk SNPs, indicate specific acquired immune cell processes that are the target of current successful therapies, and also point to novel therapeutic approaches.
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Affiliation(s)
- Grant P Parnell
- Centre for Immunology and Allergy Research, Westmead Institute for Medical Research, University of Sydney, Westmead, NSW, Australia
| | - David R Booth
- Centre for Immunology and Allergy Research, Westmead Institute for Medical Research, University of Sydney, Westmead, NSW, Australia
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Mills EA, Mirza A, Mao-Draayer Y. Emerging Approaches for Validating and Managing Multiple Sclerosis Relapse. Front Neurol 2017; 8:116. [PMID: 28424654 PMCID: PMC5372802 DOI: 10.3389/fneur.2017.00116] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/22/2017] [Accepted: 03/14/2017] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
The autoimmune disease multiple sclerosis (MS) is characterized by relapses in the majority of patients. A definitive clinical diagnosis of relapse in MS can be complicated by the presence of an infection or comorbid disorder. In this mini-review, we describe efforts to develop enhanced imaging techniques and biomarker detection as future tools for relapse validation. There is emerging evidence of roles for meningeal inflammation, sex hormones, comorbid metabolic or mood disorders, and a dysregulated immune profile in the manifestation and severity of relapse. Specific subsets of immune cells likely drive the pathophysiology of relapse, and identification of a patient's unique immunological signature of relapse may help guide future diagnosis and treatment. Finally, these studies highlight the diversity in terms of relapse presentation, immunological signature, and response in patients with MS, indicating that going forward the best approach to assessment and treatment of relapse will be multifactorial and highly personalized.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elizabeth A Mills
- Molecular and Behavioral Neuroscience Institute, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Ali Mirza
- Graduate Program in Immunology, Program in Biomedical Sciences, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Yang Mao-Draayer
- Graduate Program in Immunology, Program in Biomedical Sciences, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, MI, USA.,Department of Neurology, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
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45
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Talebi F, Ghorbani S, Chan WF, Boghozian R, Masoumi F, Ghasemi S, Vojgani M, Power C, Noorbakhsh F. MicroRNA-142 regulates inflammation and T cell differentiation in an animal model of multiple sclerosis. J Neuroinflammation 2017; 14:55. [PMID: 28302134 PMCID: PMC5356264 DOI: 10.1186/s12974-017-0832-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 82] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2016] [Accepted: 03/06/2017] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Background MicroRNAs have emerged as an important class of modulators of gene expression. These molecules influence protein synthesis through translational repression or degradation of mRNA transcripts. Herein, we investigated the potential role of miR-142a isoforms, miR-142a-3p and miR-142a-5p, in the context of autoimmune neuroinflammation. Methods The expression levels of two mature isoforms of miR-142 were measured in the brains of patients with multiple sclerosis (MS) and the CNS tissues from mice with experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis (EAE), an animal model of MS. Expression analyses were also performed in mitogen and antigen-stimulated splenocytes, as well as macrophages and astrocytes using real-time RT-PCR. The role of the mature miRNAs was then investigated in T cell differentiation by transfection of CD4+ T cells, followed by flow cytometric analysis of intracellular cytokines. Luciferase assays using vectors containing the 3′UTR of predicted targets were performed to confirm the interaction of miRNA sequences with transcripts. Expression of targets were then analyzed in activated splenocytes and MS/EAE tissues. Results Expression of miR-142-5p was significantly increased in the frontal white matter from MS patients compared with white matter from non-MS controls. Likewise, expression levels of miR-142a-5p and miR-142a-3p showed significant upregulation in the spinal cords of EAE mice at days 15 and 25 post disease induction. Splenocytes stimulated with myelin oligodendrocyte glycoprotein (MOG) peptide or anti-CD3/anti-CD28 antibodies showed upregulation of miR-142a-5p and miR-142a-3p isoforms, whereas stimulated bone marrow-derived macrophages and primary astrocytes did not show any significant changes in miRNA expression levels. miR-142a-5p overexpression in activated lymphocytes shifted the pattern of T cell differentiation towards Th1 cells. Luciferase assays revealed SOCS1 and TGFBR1 as direct targets of miR-142a-5p and miR-142a-3p, respectively, and overexpression of miRNA mimic sequences suppressed the expression of these target transcripts in lymphocytes. SOCS1 levels were also diminished in MS white matter and EAE spinal cords. Conclusions Our findings suggest that increased expression of miR-142 isoforms might be involved in the pathogenesis of autoimmune neuroinflammation by influencing T cell differentiation, and this effect could be mediated by interaction of miR-142 isoforms with SOCS1 and TGFBR-1 transcripts. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (doi:10.1186/s12974-017-0832-7) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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Affiliation(s)
- Farideh Talebi
- Department of Immunology, School of Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.,Shefa Neuroscience Research Institute, Khatam Al-Anbia Hospital, Tehran, Iran
| | - Samira Ghorbani
- Department of Immunology, School of Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Wing Fuk Chan
- Department of Medicine (Neurology), University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, Canada
| | - Roobina Boghozian
- Department of Immunology, School of Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Farimah Masoumi
- Department of Immunology, School of Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Sedigheh Ghasemi
- Shefa Neuroscience Research Institute, Khatam Al-Anbia Hospital, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mohammed Vojgani
- Department of Immunology, School of Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Christopher Power
- Department of Medicine (Neurology), University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, Canada.,Multiple Sclerosis Centre, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, Canada
| | - Farshid Noorbakhsh
- Department of Immunology, School of Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
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46
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Fewings N, Gatt PN, McKay FC, Parnell GP, Schibeci SD, Edwards J, Basuki MA, Goldinger A, Fabis-Pedrini MJ, Kermode AG, Manrique CP, McCauley JL, Nickles D, Baranzini SE, Burke T, Vucic S, Stewart GJ, Booth DR. Data characterizing the ZMIZ1 molecular phenotype of multiple sclerosis. Data Brief 2017; 11:364-370. [PMID: 28275670 PMCID: PMC5329066 DOI: 10.1016/j.dib.2017.02.040] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/26/2016] [Revised: 02/14/2017] [Accepted: 02/15/2017] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
The data presented in this article are related to the research article entitled "The autoimmune risk gene ZMIZ1 is a vitamin D responsived marker of a molecular phenotype of multiple sclerosis" Fewings et al. (2017) [1]. Here we identify the set of genes correlated with ZMIZ1 in multiple cohorts, provide phenotypic details on those cohorts, and identify the genes negatively correlated with ZMIZ1 and the cells predominantly expressing those genes. We identify the metabolic pathways in which the molecular phenotype genes are over-represented. Finally, we present the flow cytometry gating strategy we have used to identify the immune cells from blood which are producing ZMIZ1 and RPS6.
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Affiliation(s)
- N Fewings
- Centre for Immunology and Allergy Research, Westmead Institute of Medical Research, University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - P N Gatt
- Centre for Immunology and Allergy Research, Westmead Institute of Medical Research, University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - F C McKay
- Centre for Immunology and Allergy Research, Westmead Institute of Medical Research, University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - G P Parnell
- Centre for Immunology and Allergy Research, Westmead Institute of Medical Research, University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia; Western Clinical School, University of Sydney, Westmead Hospital, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - S D Schibeci
- Centre for Immunology and Allergy Research, Westmead Institute of Medical Research, University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - J Edwards
- Centre for Immunology and Allergy Research, Westmead Institute of Medical Research, University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - M A Basuki
- Centre for Immunology and Allergy Research, Westmead Institute of Medical Research, University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - A Goldinger
- University of Queensland Diamantina Institute, Translational Research Institute, Australia; The Queensland Brain Institute, University of Queensland, Australia
| | - M J Fabis-Pedrini
- Western Australian Neuroscience Research Institute, University of Western Australia, Nedlands, Western Australia, Australia; Institute for Immunology and Infectious Diseases, Murdoch University, Murdoch, Western Australia, Australia
| | - A G Kermode
- Institute for Immunology and Infectious Diseases, Murdoch University, Murdoch, Western Australia, Australia
| | - C P Manrique
- John P. Hussman Institute for Human Genomics and the Dr. John T. Macdonald Foundation Department of Human Genetics, University of Miami, Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL 33136, USA
| | - J L McCauley
- John P. Hussman Institute for Human Genomics and the Dr. John T. Macdonald Foundation Department of Human Genetics, University of Miami, Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL 33136, USA
| | - D Nickles
- Department of Neurology, University of California San Francisco, USA
| | - S E Baranzini
- Department of Neurology, University of California San Francisco, USA
| | - T Burke
- Western Clinical School, University of Sydney, Westmead Hospital, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - S Vucic
- Centre for Immunology and Allergy Research, Westmead Institute of Medical Research, University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia; Western Clinical School, University of Sydney, Westmead Hospital, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - G J Stewart
- Centre for Immunology and Allergy Research, Westmead Institute of Medical Research, University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia; Western Clinical School, University of Sydney, Westmead Hospital, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - D R Booth
- Centre for Immunology and Allergy Research, Westmead Institute of Medical Research, University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia; Western Clinical School, University of Sydney, Westmead Hospital, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
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47
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Fewings NL, Gatt PN, McKay FC, Parnell GP, Schibeci SD, Edwards J, Basuki MA, Goldinger A, Fabis-Pedrini MJ, Kermode AG, Manrique CP, McCauley JL, Nickles D, Baranzini SE, Burke T, Vucic S, Stewart GJ, Booth DR. The autoimmune risk gene ZMIZ1 is a vitamin D responsive marker of a molecular phenotype of multiple sclerosis. J Autoimmun 2017; 78:57-69. [PMID: 28063629 DOI: 10.1016/j.jaut.2016.12.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2016] [Revised: 12/22/2016] [Accepted: 12/24/2016] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
Multiple Sclerosis (MS) is a neurological condition driven in part by immune cells from the peripheral circulation, the targets for current successful therapies. The autoimmune and MS risk gene ZMIZ1 is underexpressed in blood in people with MS. We show that, from three independent sets of transcriptomic data, expression of ZMIZ1 is tightly correlated with that of hundreds of other genes. Further we show expression is partially heritable (heritability 0.26), relatively stable over time, predominantly in plasmacytoid dendritic cells and non-classical monocytes, and that levels of ZMIZ1 protein expression are reduced in MS. ZMIZ1 gene expression is increased in response to calcipotriol (1,25 Vitamin D3) (p < 0.0003) and associated with Epstein Barr Virus (EBV) EBNA-1 antibody titre (p < 0.004). MS therapies fingolimod and dimethyl fumarate altered blood ZMIZ1 gene expression compared to untreated MS. The phenotype indicates susceptibility to MS, and may correspond with clinical response and represent a novel clinical target.
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Affiliation(s)
- N L Fewings
- Centre for Immunology and Allergy Research, Westmead Institute of Medical Research, University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - P N Gatt
- Centre for Immunology and Allergy Research, Westmead Institute of Medical Research, University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - F C McKay
- Centre for Immunology and Allergy Research, Westmead Institute of Medical Research, University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - G P Parnell
- Centre for Immunology and Allergy Research, Westmead Institute of Medical Research, University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - S D Schibeci
- Centre for Immunology and Allergy Research, Westmead Institute of Medical Research, University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - J Edwards
- Centre for Immunology and Allergy Research, Westmead Institute of Medical Research, University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - M A Basuki
- Centre for Immunology and Allergy Research, Westmead Institute of Medical Research, University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - A Goldinger
- University of Queensland, Diamantina Institute, Translational Research Institute, The Queensland Brain Institute, University of Queensland, Australia
| | - M J Fabis-Pedrini
- Western Australian Neuroscience Research Institute, University of Western Australia, Nedlands, Western Australia, Australia; Institute for Immunology and Infectious Diseases, Murdoch University, Murdoch, Western Australia, Australia
| | - A G Kermode
- Institute for Immunology and Infectious Diseases, Murdoch University, Murdoch, Western Australia, Australia
| | - C P Manrique
- John P. Hussman Institute for Human Genomics and the Dr. John T. Macdonald Foundation Department of Human Genetics, University of Miami, Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL 33136, USA
| | - J L McCauley
- John P. Hussman Institute for Human Genomics and the Dr. John T. Macdonald Foundation Department of Human Genetics, University of Miami, Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL 33136, USA
| | - D Nickles
- Department of Neurology, University of California San Francisco, USA
| | - S E Baranzini
- Department of Neurology, University of California San Francisco, USA
| | - T Burke
- Western Clinical School, University of Sydney, Westmead Hospital, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - S Vucic
- Centre for Immunology and Allergy Research, Westmead Institute of Medical Research, University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia; Western Clinical School, University of Sydney, Westmead Hospital, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - G J Stewart
- Centre for Immunology and Allergy Research, Westmead Institute of Medical Research, University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia; Western Clinical School, University of Sydney, Westmead Hospital, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - D R Booth
- Western Clinical School, University of Sydney, Westmead Hospital, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia.
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48
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Hamey JJ, Hart-Smith G, Erce MA, Wilkins MR. The activity of a yeast Family 16 methyltransferase, Efm2, is affected by a conserved tryptophan and its N-terminal region. FEBS Open Bio 2016; 6:1320-1330. [PMID: 28255539 PMCID: PMC5324768 DOI: 10.1002/2211-5463.12153] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/25/2016] [Revised: 08/24/2016] [Accepted: 11/01/2016] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
The Family 16 methyltransferases are a group of eukaryotic nonhistone protein methyltransferases. Sixteen of these have recently been described in yeast and human, but little is known about their sequence and structural features. Here we investigate one of these methyltransferases, Saccharomyces cerevisiae elongation factor methyltransferase 2 (Efm2), by site-directed mutagenesis and truncation. We show that an active site-associated tryptophan, invariant in Family 16 methyltransferases and at position 222 in Efm2, is important for methyltransferase activity. A second highly conserved tryptophan, at position 318 in Efm2, is likely involved in S-adenosyl methionine binding but is of lesser consequence for catalysis. By truncation analysis, we show that the N-terminal 50-200 amino acids of Efm2 are critical for its methyltransferase activity. As N-terminal regions are variable among Family 16 methyltransferases, this suggests a possible role in determining substrate specificity. This is consistent with recently solved structures that show the core of Family 16 methyltransferases to be near-identical but the N termini to be structurally quite different. Finally, we show that Efm2 can exist as an oligomer but that its N terminus is not necessary for oligomerisation to occur.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joshua J Hamey
- Systems Biology Initiative School of Biotechnology and Biomolecular Sciences University of New South Wales Sydney Australia
| | - Gene Hart-Smith
- Systems Biology Initiative School of Biotechnology and Biomolecular Sciences University of New South Wales Sydney Australia
| | - Melissa A Erce
- Systems Biology Initiative School of Biotechnology and Biomolecular Sciences University of New South Wales Sydney Australia
| | - Marc R Wilkins
- Systems Biology Initiative School of Biotechnology and Biomolecular Sciences University of New South Wales Sydney Australia
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49
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Bello L, Flanigan KM, Weiss RB, Spitali P, Aartsma-Rus A, Muntoni F, Zaharieva I, Ferlini A, Mercuri E, Tuffery-Giraud S, Claustres M, Straub V, Lochmüller H, Barp A, Vianello S, Pegoraro E, Punetha J, Gordish-Dressman H, Giri M, McDonald CM, Hoffman EP. Association Study of Exon Variants in the NF-κB and TGFβ Pathways Identifies CD40 as a Modifier of Duchenne Muscular Dystrophy. Am J Hum Genet 2016; 99:1163-1171. [PMID: 27745838 DOI: 10.1016/j.ajhg.2016.08.023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 58] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/14/2016] [Accepted: 08/29/2016] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
The expressivity of Mendelian diseases can be influenced by factors independent from the pathogenic mutation: in Duchenne muscular dystrophy (DMD), for instance, age at loss of ambulation (LoA) varies between individuals whose DMD mutations all abolish dystrophin expression. This suggests the existence of trans-acting variants in modifier genes. Common single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in candidate genes (SPP1, encoding osteopontin, and LTBP4, encoding latent transforming growth factor β [TGFβ]-binding protein 4) have been established as DMD modifiers. We performed a genome-wide association study of age at LoA in a sub-cohort of European or European American ancestry (n = 109) from the Cooperative International Research Group Duchenne Natural History Study (CINRG-DNHS). We focused on protein-altering variants (Exome Chip) and included glucocorticoid treatment as a covariate. As expected, due to the small population size, no SNPs displayed an exome-wide significant p value (< 1.8 × 10-6). Subsequently, we prioritized 438 SNPs in the vicinities of 384 genes implicated in DMD-related pathways, i.e., the nuclear-factor-κB and TGFβ pathways. The minor allele at rs1883832, in the 5'-untranslated region of CD40, was associated with earlier LoA (p = 3.5 × 10-5). This allele diminishes the expression of CD40, a co-stimulatory molecule for T cell polarization. We validated this association in multiple independent DMD cohorts (United Dystrophinopathy Project, Bio-NMD, and Padova, total n = 660), establishing this locus as a DMD modifier. This finding points to cell-mediated immunity as a relevant pathogenetic mechanism and potential therapeutic target in DMD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luca Bello
- Center for Genetic Medicine Research, Children's National Medical Center, Washington, DC 20010, USA; Department of Neuroscience, University of Padova, 35128 Padova, Italy
| | - Kevin M Flanigan
- The Center for Gene Therapy, Nationwide Children's Hospital, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43205, USA; Department of Pediatrics, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43205, USA; Department of Neurology, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43205, USA
| | - Robert B Weiss
- Department of Human Genetics, The University of Utah School of Medicine, Salt Lake City, UT 84112, USA
| | - Pietro Spitali
- Department of Human Genetics, Leiden University Medical Center, 2333 ZA Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Annemieke Aartsma-Rus
- Department of Human Genetics, Leiden University Medical Center, 2333 ZA Leiden, The Netherlands; John Walton Muscular Dystrophy Research Centre, Institute of Genetic Medicine, Newcastle University, International Centre for Life, Newcastle upon Tyne NE1 3BZ, UK
| | - Francesco Muntoni
- Dubowitz Neuromuscular Centre, University College London Institute of Child Health, London WC1N 1EH, UK
| | - Irina Zaharieva
- Dubowitz Neuromuscular Centre, University College London Institute of Child Health, London WC1N 1EH, UK
| | - Alessandra Ferlini
- Department of Medical Sciences, UOL of Medical Genetics, University of Ferrara, 44121 Ferrara, Italy
| | - Eugenio Mercuri
- Paediatric Neuropsychiatry Unit, Policlinico Gemelli, Catholic University, 00168 Rome, Italy
| | - Sylvie Tuffery-Giraud
- Laboratory of Genetics of Rare Diseases, EA 7402, University of Montpellier, 34093 Montpellier, France
| | - Mireille Claustres
- Laboratory of Genetics of Rare Diseases, EA 7402, University of Montpellier, 34093 Montpellier, France
| | - Volker Straub
- John Walton Muscular Dystrophy Research Centre, Institute of Genetic Medicine, Newcastle University, International Centre for Life, Newcastle upon Tyne NE1 3BZ, UK
| | - Hanns Lochmüller
- John Walton Muscular Dystrophy Research Centre, Institute of Genetic Medicine, Newcastle University, International Centre for Life, Newcastle upon Tyne NE1 3BZ, UK
| | - Andrea Barp
- Department of Neuroscience, University of Padova, 35128 Padova, Italy
| | - Sara Vianello
- Department of Neuroscience, University of Padova, 35128 Padova, Italy
| | - Elena Pegoraro
- Department of Neuroscience, University of Padova, 35128 Padova, Italy
| | - Jaya Punetha
- Center for Genetic Medicine Research, Children's National Medical Center, Washington, DC 20010, USA
| | - Heather Gordish-Dressman
- Center for Genetic Medicine Research, Children's National Medical Center, Washington, DC 20010, USA
| | - Mamta Giri
- Center for Genetic Medicine Research, Children's National Medical Center, Washington, DC 20010, USA
| | - Craig M McDonald
- University of California Davis Medical Center, Sacramento, CA 95817, USA
| | - Eric P Hoffman
- Center for Genetic Medicine Research, Children's National Medical Center, Washington, DC 20010, USA.
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50
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Walker SJ, Beavers DP, Fortunato J, Krigsman A. A Putative Blood-Based Biomarker for Autism Spectrum Disorder-Associated Ileocolitis. Sci Rep 2016; 6:35820. [PMID: 27767057 PMCID: PMC5073317 DOI: 10.1038/srep35820] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2016] [Accepted: 10/06/2016] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Gastrointestinal symptoms are common in children with autism spectrum disorder (ASD). A significant proportion of children with ASD and gastrointestinal symptoms have histologic evidence of ileocolitis (inflammation of the terminal ileum and/or colon). We previously reported the molecular characterization of gastrointestinal biopsy tissue from ASD children with ileocolitis (ASDIC+) compared to anatomically similar inflamed tissue from typically developing children with inflammatory bowel disease (IBD; i.e. Crohn’s disease or ulcerative colitis) and typically developing children with gastrointestinal symptoms but no evidence of gastrointestinal mucosal inflammation (TDIC−). ASDIC+ children had a gene expression profile that, while primarily overlapping with known IBD, had distinctive differences. The present study confirms these findings and replicates this molecular characterization in a second cohort of cases (ASDIC+) and controls (TDIC−). In these two separate case/control mucosal-based cohorts, we have demonstrated overlap of 59 differentially expressed transcripts (DETs) unique to inflamed ileocolonic tissue from symptomatic ASDIC+ children. We now report that 9 of these 59 transcripts are also differentially expressed in the peripheral blood of the second cohort of ASDIC+ children. This set of transcripts represents a putative blood-based biomarker for ASD-associated ileocolonic inflammation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stephen J Walker
- Wake Forest Institute for Regenerative Medicine, Wake Forest University Health Sciences, Winston Salem, NC, USA
| | - Daniel P Beavers
- Department of Biostatistical Sciences, Public Health Sciences, Wake Forest University Health Sciences, Winston Salem, NC, USA
| | - John Fortunato
- Pediatric Gastroenterology, Hepatology, and Nutrition, Ann &Robert H. Lurie Children's Hospital of Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Arthur Krigsman
- Pediatric Gastroenterology Resources, 148 Beach 9th Street, Suite 2B, Far Rockaway, NY, USA
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