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Pai P, Vijeev A, Phadke S, Shetty MG, Sundara BK. Epi-revolution in rheumatology: the potential of histone deacetylase inhibitors for targeted rheumatoid arthritis intervention. Inflammopharmacology 2024; 32:2109-2123. [PMID: 38714604 PMCID: PMC11300544 DOI: 10.1007/s10787-024-01486-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/12/2024] [Accepted: 02/16/2024] [Indexed: 05/10/2024]
Abstract
Autoimmune diseases hold significant importance in the realm of medical research, prompting a thorough exploration of potential therapeutic interventions. One crucial aspect of this exploration involves understanding the intricate processes of histone acetylation and deacetylation. Histone acetylation, facilitated by histone acetyl transferases (HATs), is instrumental in rendering DNA transcriptionally active. Conversely, histone deacetylases (HDACs) are responsible for the removal of acetyl groups, influencing gene expression regulation. The upregulation of HDACs, observed in various cancers, has steered attention towards histone deacetylase inhibitors (HDACi) as promising anti-cancer agents. Beyond cancer, HDACi has demonstrated anti-inflammatory properties, prompting interest in their potential therapeutic applications for inflammatory diseases such as rheumatoid arthritis (RA). RA, characterized by the immune system erroneously attacking healthy cells, leads to joint inflammation. Recent studies suggest that HDACi could offer a viable therapeutic strategy for RA, with potential mechanisms including the inhibition of synovial tissue growth and suppression of pro-inflammatory cytokines. Furthermore, HDACi may exert protective effects on bone and cartilage, common targets in RA pathology. In-depth investigations through in vivo and histopathology studies contribute to the ongoing discourse on the therapeutic benefits of HDACis in the context of RA treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Padmini Pai
- Department of Biophysics, Manipal School of Life Sciences, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal, 576104, Karnataka, India
| | - Aradhika Vijeev
- Manipal School of Life Sciences, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal, Karnataka, India
| | - Sharada Phadke
- Manipal School of Life Sciences, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal, Karnataka, India
| | - Manasa Gangadhar Shetty
- Department of Biophysics, Manipal School of Life Sciences, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal, 576104, Karnataka, India
| | - Babitha Kampa Sundara
- Department of Biophysics, Manipal School of Life Sciences, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal, 576104, Karnataka, India.
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2
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Liaw A, Liu C, Bartold M, Ivanovski S, Han P. Effect of non-surgical periodontal therapy on salivary histone deacetylases expression: A prospective clinical study. J Clin Periodontol 2024; 51:926-935. [PMID: 38468415 DOI: 10.1111/jcpe.13973] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2023] [Revised: 01/31/2024] [Accepted: 02/26/2024] [Indexed: 03/13/2024]
Abstract
AIM To evaluate the effect of non-surgical periodontal therapy (NSPT) on salivary histone deacetylases (HDACs) gene expression in patients with Stage III-IV periodontitis at baseline and at 3 and 6 months post NSPT treatment. MATERIALS AND METHODS Twenty patients completed the study. Periodontitis (as well as the corresponding staging and grading) was diagnosed according to the 2017 World Workshop Classification. Clinical measures were recorded and whole unstimulated saliva was collected at baseline and at 3 and 6 months after NSPT. The expression of 11 HDACs was determined using reverse-transcription PCR, and the respective changes over time were evaluated. RESULTS Six months after NSPT, significant improvements in all clinical periodontal parameters were observed, concomitant with significant up-regulation of HDAC2, 4, 6, 8, 9 and 11 expressions. Subgroup analyses of non-responders and responders revealed no significant differences in HDACs mRNA expression between groups at any time point. CONCLUSIONS This prospective clinical study identified longitudinal changes in salivary HDACs expression in response to NSPT, which provides new insights into the epigenetic mechanisms underlying the pathobiology of periodontitis and creates avenues for the discovery of novel biomarkers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrew Liaw
- School of Dentistry, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Australia
- School of Dentistry, Center for Orofacial Regeneration, Rehabilitation and Reconstruction (COR3), The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Australia
| | - Chun Liu
- School of Dentistry, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Australia
- School of Dentistry, Center for Orofacial Regeneration, Rehabilitation and Reconstruction (COR3), The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Australia
| | - Mark Bartold
- School of Dentistry, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Australia
- School of Dentistry, Center for Orofacial Regeneration, Rehabilitation and Reconstruction (COR3), The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Australia
| | - Sašo Ivanovski
- School of Dentistry, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Australia
- School of Dentistry, Center for Orofacial Regeneration, Rehabilitation and Reconstruction (COR3), The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Australia
| | - Pingping Han
- School of Dentistry, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Australia
- School of Dentistry, Center for Orofacial Regeneration, Rehabilitation and Reconstruction (COR3), The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Australia
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3
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Husain S, Obert E, Singh S, Schnabolk G. Inhibition of HDAC1 and 3 in the Presence of Systemic Inflammation Reduces Retinal Degeneration in a Model of Dry Age-Related Macular Degeneration. J Ocul Pharmacol Ther 2024. [PMID: 38608232 DOI: 10.1089/jop.2023.0163] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/14/2024] Open
Abstract
Purpose: Previously, we identified increased retinal degeneration and cytokine response in a mouse model of dry age-related macular degeneration (AMD) in the presence of systemic inflammation from rheumatoid arthritis (RA). Histone deacetylases (HDACs) regulate cytokine production by reducing acetylation and are found to be dysregulated in inflammatory diseases, including RA and AMD. Therefore, this current study investigates the effect of HDAC inhibition on AMD progression in the presence of systemic inflammation. Methods: Collagen induced arthritis (CIA) was induced in C57BL6J mice, followed by sodium iodate (NaIO3)-induced retinal degeneration. Mice were treated with a selective HDAC class I inhibitor, MS-275, and retinal structure [optical coherence tomography (OCT)], function (electroretinography), and molecular changes quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (RT-qPCR, Western Blot) were assessed. Results: NaIO3 retinal damage was diminished in CIA mice treated with MS-275 (P ≤ 0.05). While no significant difference was observed in retinal pigment epithelium (RPE) function, a trend in increased c-wave amplitude was detected in CIA + NaIO3 mice treated with MS-275. Finally, we identified decreased Hdac1, Hdac3, and Cxcl9 expression in CIA + NaIO3 mouse RPE/choroid when treated with MS-275 (P ≤ 0.05). Conclusions: Our data demonstrate that HDAC inhibition can reduce the additive effect of NaIO3-induced retinal degeneration in the presence of systemic inflammation by CIA as measured by OCT analysis. In addition, HDAC inhibition in CIA + NaIO3 treated mice resulted in reduced cytokine production. These findings are highly innovative and provide additional support to the therapeutic potential of HDAC inhibitors for dry AMD treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shahid Husain
- Department of Ophthalmology, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, South Carolina, USA
| | - Elisabeth Obert
- Department of Ophthalmology, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, South Carolina, USA
| | - Sudha Singh
- Department of Ophthalmology, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, South Carolina, USA
| | - Gloriane Schnabolk
- Department of Ophthalmology, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, South Carolina, USA
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4
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Liu XM, Yang L, Yang QB. Advanced Progress of Histone Deacetylases in Rheumatic Diseases. J Inflamm Res 2024; 17:947-955. [PMID: 38370467 PMCID: PMC10870932 DOI: 10.2147/jir.s447811] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2023] [Accepted: 01/23/2024] [Indexed: 02/20/2024] Open
Abstract
Rheumatic disease is a disease which is not yet fully clarified to etiology and also involved in a local pathological injury or systemic disease. With the continuous improvement of clinical medical research in recent years, the development process of rheumatic diseases has been gradually elucidated; with the intensely study of epigenetics, it is realized that environmental changes can affect genetics, among which histone acetylation is one of the essential mechanisms in epigenetics. Histone deacetylases (HDACs) play an important role in regulating gene expression in various biological processes, including differentiation, development, stress response, and injury. HDACs are involved in a variety of physiological processes and are promising drug targets in various pathological conditions, such as cancer, cardiac and neurodegenerative diseases, inflammation, metabolic and immune disorders, and viral and parasitic infections. In this paper, we reviewed the roles of HDACs in rheumatic diseases in terms of their classification and function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xue-Mei Liu
- Department of Rheumatology and Immunology, Affiliated Hospital of North Sichuan Medical College, Nanchong, Sichuan Province, 637000, People’s Republic of China
- Department of Clinical Medicine, Graduate School of North Sichuan Medical College, Nanchong, Sichuan Province, 637000, People’s Republic of China
| | - Liu Yang
- Department of Rheumatology and Immunology, Affiliated Hospital of North Sichuan Medical College, Nanchong, Sichuan Province, 637000, People’s Republic of China
- Department of Clinical Medicine, Graduate School of North Sichuan Medical College, Nanchong, Sichuan Province, 637000, People’s Republic of China
| | - Qi-Bin Yang
- Department of Rheumatology and Immunology, Affiliated Hospital of North Sichuan Medical College, Nanchong, Sichuan Province, 637000, People’s Republic of China
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5
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Mei X, Zhang B, Zhao M, Lu Q. An update on epigenetic regulation in autoimmune diseases. J Transl Autoimmun 2022; 5:100176. [PMID: 36544624 PMCID: PMC9762196 DOI: 10.1016/j.jtauto.2022.100176] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/13/2022] [Revised: 10/09/2022] [Accepted: 11/25/2022] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Autoimmune diseases (AIDs) generally manifest as chronic immune disorders characterized by significant heterogeneity and complex symptoms. The discordant incidence of AIDs between monozygotic twins guided people to attach importance to environmental factors. Epigenetics is one of the major ways to be influenced, some of them can even occur years before clinical diagnosis. With the advent of high-throughput omics times, the mysterious veil of epigenetic modification in AIDs has been gradually unraveled, and some progress has been made in utilizing it as indicators of diagnosis and disease activity. For example, the hypomethylated IFI44L promoter in diagnosing systematic lupus erythematosus (SLE). More recently, newly identified noncoding RNAs (ncRNAs), including long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) and circular RNAs (circRNAs), are also believed to be involved in the etiology of AIDs while the initial factor behind those epigenetic alterations can be diverse from metabolism to microbiota. Update and comprehensive insights into epigenetics in AIDs can help us understand the pathogenesis and further orchestrate it to benefit patients in the future. Therefore, we reviewed the latest epigenetic findings in SLE, rheumatoid arthritis (RA), Type 1 diabetes (T1D), systemic sclerosis (SSc) primarily from cellular levels.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaole Mei
- Institute of Dermatology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China,Key Laboratory of Basic and Translational Research on Immunological Dermatology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China,Institute of Dermatology, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Molecular Biology for Skin Diseases and STIs, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China,Research Unit of Key Technologies of Diagnosis and Treatment for Immune-related Skin Diseases, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Bo Zhang
- Institute of Dermatology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China,Key Laboratory of Basic and Translational Research on Immunological Dermatology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China,Institute of Dermatology, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Molecular Biology for Skin Diseases and STIs, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China,Research Unit of Key Technologies of Diagnosis and Treatment for Immune-related Skin Diseases, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Changsha, Hunan, China,Department of Dermatology, Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Hunan Key Laboratory of Medical Epigenomics, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Ming Zhao
- Institute of Dermatology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China,Research Unit of Key Technologies of Diagnosis and Treatment for Immune-related Skin Diseases, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Changsha, Hunan, China,Department of Dermatology, Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Hunan Key Laboratory of Medical Epigenomics, Changsha, Hunan, China,Corresponding author. Research Unit of Key Technologies of Diagnosis and Treatment for Immune-related Skin Diseases, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Changsha, Hunan, China.
| | - Qianjin Lu
- Institute of Dermatology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China,Key Laboratory of Basic and Translational Research on Immunological Dermatology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China,Institute of Dermatology, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Molecular Biology for Skin Diseases and STIs, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China,Research Unit of Key Technologies of Diagnosis and Treatment for Immune-related Skin Diseases, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Changsha, Hunan, China,Department of Dermatology, Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Hunan Key Laboratory of Medical Epigenomics, Changsha, Hunan, China,Corresponding author. Institute of Dermatology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China.
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Zhe W, Hoshina N, Itoh Y, Tojo T, Suzuki T, Hase K, Takahashi D. A Novel HDAC1-Selective Inhibitor Attenuates Autoimmune Arthritis by Inhibiting Inflammatory Cytokine Production. Biol Pharm Bull 2022; 45:1364-1372. [DOI: 10.1248/bpb.b22-00321] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Wei Zhe
- Division of Biochemistry, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Keio University Faculty of Pharmacy
| | - Naomi Hoshina
- Division of Biochemistry, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Keio University Faculty of Pharmacy
| | | | - Toshifumi Tojo
- Graduate School of Medical Science, Kyoto Prefectural University of Medicine
| | | | - Koji Hase
- Division of Biochemistry, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Keio University Faculty of Pharmacy
| | - Daisuke Takahashi
- Division of Biochemistry, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Keio University Faculty of Pharmacy
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7
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HDAC1 regulates inflammation and osteogenic differentiation of ankylosing spondylitis fibroblasts through the Wnt-Smad signaling pathway. J Orthop Surg Res 2022; 17:343. [PMID: 35794630 PMCID: PMC9258155 DOI: 10.1186/s13018-022-03224-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2022] [Accepted: 06/18/2022] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Ankylosing spondylitis (AS) is a refractory autoimmune disease, whose typical pathology is the development of inflammation to ossification and ankylosis. Histone deacetylase 1 (HDAC1) is considered to be a key factor involved in inflammatory gene transduction, but its role in AS remains unclear. The purpose of this study was to explore the role and possible mechanism of HDAC1 in AS based on the Wnt-Smad pathway. Fibroblasts were isolated from hip synovial tissues of AS patients, adeno-associated virus (AAV) was used to regulate the expression of HDAC1, DKK-1 and SIS3 was used to inhibit Wnt and Smad, respectively. The expressions of Wnt-Smad pathway-related proteins were analyzed by WB, and the TRP ion channel proteins were analyzed by immunofluorescence and WB. The proliferation of AS fibroblasts was detected by CCK-8, the expression of inflammatory cytokines was detected by ELISA, and the effects of HDAC1 on osteogenic differentiation of AS fibroblasts were investigated by alkaline phosphatase (ALP) activity, intracellular calcium concentration, mineralization and osteogenic proteins expressions. Results showed that HDAC1 significantly affected the protein expressions of the Wnt-Smad pathway in AS fibroblasts, and Wnt inhibitor DKK-1 and Smad3 inhibitor SIS3 could significantly reverse the effect of HDAC1 on the Wnt-Smad pathway. In addition, HDAC1 significantly activated the TRP ion channel and promoted the proliferation, inflammatory response and osteogenic differentiation of AS fibroblasts. DKK-1 or SIS3 treatment significantly inhibit the effect of HDAC-1 on AS fibroblasts, suggesting that the Wnt-Smad pathway is involved in the regulation of AS by HDAC1. In conclusion, HDAC1 promotes the proliferation, inflammatory response and osteogenic differentiation of AS fibroblasts through the Wnt-Smad pathway.
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8
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Wang B, Gong S, Han L, Shao W, Li Z, Xu J, Lv X, Xiao B, Feng Y. Knockdown of HDAC9 Inhibits Osteogenic Differentiation of Human Bone Marrow Mesenchymal Stem Cells Partially by Suppressing the MAPK Signaling Pathway. Clin Interv Aging 2022; 17:777-787. [PMID: 35592642 PMCID: PMC9113040 DOI: 10.2147/cia.s361008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2022] [Accepted: 05/05/2022] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Histone deacetylase 9 (HDAC9) is a member of the HDAC gene family that plays essential roles in the organization of transcriptional regulation by catalyzing deacetylation of histone proteins. However, the effects of HDAC9 on osteonecrosis of femoral head (ONFH) have not been investigated. The present study aimed to reveal whether histone deacetylase 9 (HDAC9) regulated osteogenic differentiation. Methods A lentiviral knockdown HDAC9 model was established in hBMSCs. Osteoblast-specific gene expression, such as Runx2, OCN was examined by qRT-PCR and Western blot, respectively. Though transcriptome sequencing and enrichment analysis, related signal pathways caused by down-regulation of HDAC9 were screened. The effect of HDAC9 on MAPK signaling pathway was determined by Western blot. Eventually, tert-Butylhydroquinone (tBHQ) was used to examine the effect of MAPK activation on osteogenesis in HDAC9 knockdown hBMSCs. Results A lentiviral knockdown HDAC9 model was successfully established in hBMSCs. HDAC9 knockdown significantly inhibited osteoblast-specific gene expression, such as runt-related transcription factor 2 (Runx2), osteocalcin (OCN) and mineral deposition in vitro. Moreover, a total of 950 DEGs were identified in HDAC9-knockdown hBMSCs. We discovered that the MAPK signaling pathway might be related to this process by pathway enrichment analysis. HDAC9 knockdown significantly reduced the expression level of phosphorylated extracellular signal-regulated kinase 1/2 (pERK1/2). Finally, the decreased osteogenesis due to HDAC9 knockdown was partly rescued by a MAPK signaling pathway activator. Conclusion Taken together, these results suggest that HDAC9 knockdown inhibits osteogenic differentiation of hBMSCs, partially through the MAPK signaling pathway. HDAC9 may serve as a potential target for the treatment of ONFH.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bo Wang
- Department of Rehabilitation, Wuhan No.1 Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430022, People’s Republic of China
| | - Song Gong
- Department of Orthopedics, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430022, People’s Republic of China
| | - Lizhi Han
- Department of Orthopedics, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430022, People’s Republic of China
| | - Wenkai Shao
- Department of Orthopedics, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430022, People’s Republic of China
| | - Zilin Li
- Department of Orthopedics, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430022, People’s Republic of China
| | - Jiawei Xu
- Department of Orthopedics, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430022, People’s Republic of China
| | - Xiao Lv
- Department of Orthopedics, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430022, People’s Republic of China
| | - Baojun Xiao
- Department of Orthopedics, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430022, People’s Republic of China
- Correspondence: Baojun Xiao; Yong Feng, Email ;
| | - Yong Feng
- Department of Orthopedics, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430022, People’s Republic of China
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9
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Song H, Wu H, Dong J, Huang S, Ye J, Liu R. Ellagic Acid Alleviates Rheumatoid Arthritis in Rats through Inhibiting MTA1/HDAC1-Mediated Nur77 Deacetylation. Mediators Inflamm 2021; 2021:6359652. [PMID: 34924813 PMCID: PMC8677414 DOI: 10.1155/2021/6359652] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/17/2021] [Accepted: 11/18/2021] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Ellagic acid (EA) was reported to play protective roles in rheumatoid arthritis (RA). It was found that the level of metastasis-associated gene 1 (MTA1)/histone deacetylase 1 (HDAC1) protein complex was downregulated by polyphenols in several human disorders. Notably, inhibition of MTA1 or HDAC1 has anti-inflammatory effects on RA. Therefore, our study is aimed at investigating whether EA prevents RA progression through regulating the MTA1/HDAC1 complex. Herein, the human fibroblast-like synoviocyte (FLS) cell line MH7A was treated with TNF-α to induce an inflammation model in vitro and then incubated with different concentrations of EA. Western blot analysis showed that EA reduced MTA1 expression in a dose-dependent manner in MH7A cells. Then, TNF-α-treated MH7A cells were incubated with EA alone or together with MTA1 overexpression plasmid (pcDNA-MTA1), and we found that EA inhibited proliferation, inflammation cytokine levels, and oxidative stress marker protein levels and promoted apoptosis in MH7A cells, while MTA1 overexpression abolished these effects. Moreover, coimmunoprecipitation assay verified the interaction between MTA1 and HDAC1. EA downregulated the MTA1/HDAC1 complex in MH7A cells. MTA1 knockdown inhibited proliferation, inflammation, and oxidative stress and promoted apoptosis in MH7A cells, while HDAC1 overexpression reversed these effects. Moreover, chromatin immunoprecipitation assay indicated that EA inhibited HDAC1-mediated Nur77 deacetylation. Rescue experiments demonstrated that Nur77 knockdown reversed the effects of EA on MH7A cell biological behaviors. Additionally, EA treatment attenuated arthritis index, paw swelling, synovial hyperplasia, and inflammation in collagen-induced arthritis (CIA) rats. In conclusion, EA inhibited proliferation, inflammation, and oxidative stress and promoted apoptosis in MH7A cells and alleviated the severity of RA in CIA rats though downregulating MTA1/HDAC1 complex and promoting HDAC1 deacetylation-mediated Nur77 expression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huanjin Song
- Department of Orthopaedics, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710004, China
| | - Hao Wu
- Department of Orthopaedics, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710004, China
| | - Jun Dong
- Department of Orthopaedics, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710004, China
| | - Sihua Huang
- Department of Orthopaedics, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710004, China
| | - Jintao Ye
- Department of Orthopaedics, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710004, China
| | - Ruoxi Liu
- Department of Orthopaedics, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710004, China
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10
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Shen PC, Chang PC, Hsieh JL. Snail regulation in fibroblast-like synoviocytes by a histone deacetylase or glycogen synthase kinase inhibitor affects cell proliferation and gene expression. PLoS One 2021; 16:e0257839. [PMID: 34582486 PMCID: PMC8478242 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0257839] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2021] [Accepted: 09/12/2021] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Snail has been linked to the pathogenesis of rheumatoid arthritis (RA). We plan to investigate the regulation of Snail in response to TNF-α, histone acetylation, and glycogen synthase kinase-3 (GSK)-3 inhibition in fibroblast-like synoviocytes (FLSs). METHODS FLSs from rats with collagen-induced arthritis (CIA) were collected and treated with TNF-α alone or a combination with trichostatin A (TSA), a pan-histone deacetylase inhibitor and lithium chloride (LiCl), a glycogen synthase kinase-3 (GSK)-3 inhibitor. RESULTS We demonstrated for the first time that nuclear expression of Snail in FLSs from rats with CIA was correlated with the levels of extracellular TNF-α and acetylation status. Cell proliferation and viability of CIA FLSs were reduced in response to TSA treatment and short-hairpin RNA specific to Snail. LiCl treatment increased Snail and cadherin-11 (Cad-11) expression in CIA FLSs. CONCLUSION We suggested from this study that targeting TNF-α-histone deacetylase-Snail signaling axis or the Wnt signaling pathway in FLSs might provide therapeutic interventions for the treatment of RA in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Po-Chuan Shen
- Department of Orthopedics, Tainan Hospital, Ministry of Health and Welfare, Tainan, Taiwan
- Department of Nursing, College of Nursing, Chung Hwa University of Medical Technology, Tainan, Taiwan
| | - Po-Chun Chang
- Department of Orthopedics, An Nan Hospital, China Medical University, Tainan, Taiwan
| | - Jeng-Long Hsieh
- Department of Nursing, College of Nursing, Chung Hwa University of Medical Technology, Tainan, Taiwan
- * E-mail:
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11
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Nair N, Barton A, Wilson AG. Cell-specific epigenetic drivers of pathogenesis in rheumatoid arthritis. Epigenomics 2021; 13:549-560. [PMID: 33820439 DOI: 10.2217/epi-2020-0380] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Rheumatoid arthritis is a complex, inflammatory autoimmune disease, which is characterized by pain, swelling and joint damage driven by the altered behavior of a number of different cell types such as synovial fibroblasts macrophages and lymphocytes. The mechanism underlying pathogenesis is unclear but increasing evidence points to altered epigenetic regulation within these cell types which promotes the activated destructive behavior that underlies disease pathogenesis. This review summarizes the key epigenetic modifications in the most important cells types in rheumatoid arthritis, which are associated with disease activity. We also discuss emerging avenues of research focusing on readers of epigenetic markers which may serve to be potential therapeutic targets.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nisha Nair
- Centre for Genetics & Genomics Versus Arthritis, Centre for Musculoskeletal Research, Manchester Academic Health Sciences Centre, University of Manchester, Manchester, M13 9PT, UK
| | - Anne Barton
- Centre for Genetics & Genomics Versus Arthritis, Centre for Musculoskeletal Research, Manchester Academic Health Sciences Centre, University of Manchester, Manchester, M13 9PT, UK.,NIHR Manchester Musculoskeletal BRU, Central Manchester Foundation Trust, Manchester Academic Health Sciences Centre, Manchester, M13 9WL, UK
| | - Anthony G Wilson
- University College Dublin School of Medicine & Medical Science, Conway Institute, University College Dublin, Dublin 4, Ireland
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12
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Steinberg J, Southam L, Roumeliotis TI, Clark MJ, Jayasuriya RL, Swift D, Shah KM, Butterfield NC, Brooks RA, McCaskie AW, Bassett JHD, Williams GR, Choudhary JS, Wilkinson JM, Zeggini E. A molecular quantitative trait locus map for osteoarthritis. Nat Commun 2021; 12:1309. [PMID: 33637762 PMCID: PMC7910531 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-021-21593-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/09/2020] [Accepted: 02/03/2021] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Osteoarthritis causes pain and functional disability for over 500 million people worldwide. To develop disease-stratifying tools and modifying therapies, we need a better understanding of the molecular basis of the disease in relevant tissue and cell types. Here, we study primary cartilage and synovium from 115 patients with osteoarthritis to construct a deep molecular signature map of the disease. By integrating genetics with transcriptomics and proteomics, we discover molecular trait loci in each tissue type and omics level, identify likely effector genes for osteoarthritis-associated genetic signals and highlight high-value targets for drug development and repurposing. These findings provide insights into disease aetiopathology, and offer translational opportunities in response to the global clinical challenge of osteoarthritis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Julia Steinberg
- Institute of Translational Genomics, Helmholtz Zentrum München - German Research Center for Environmental Health, Neuherberg, Germany
- Cancer Research Division, Cancer Council NSW, Sydney, NSW, Australia
- Wellcome Sanger Institute, Hinxton, United Kingdom
- School of Public Health, The University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Lorraine Southam
- Institute of Translational Genomics, Helmholtz Zentrum München - German Research Center for Environmental Health, Neuherberg, Germany
- Wellcome Sanger Institute, Hinxton, United Kingdom
| | - Theodoros I Roumeliotis
- Wellcome Sanger Institute, Hinxton, United Kingdom
- The Institute of Cancer Research, London, United Kingdom
| | - Matthew J Clark
- Department of Oncology and Metabolism, University of Sheffield, Sheffield, United Kingdom
| | - Raveen L Jayasuriya
- Department of Oncology and Metabolism, University of Sheffield, Sheffield, United Kingdom
| | - Diane Swift
- Department of Oncology and Metabolism, University of Sheffield, Sheffield, United Kingdom
| | - Karan M Shah
- Department of Oncology and Metabolism, University of Sheffield, Sheffield, United Kingdom
| | - Natalie C Butterfield
- Molecular Endocrinology Laboratory, Department of Metabolism, Digestion and Reproduction, Imperial College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Roger A Brooks
- Division of Trauma & Orthopaedic Surgery, Department of Surgery, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, United Kingdom
| | - Andrew W McCaskie
- Division of Trauma & Orthopaedic Surgery, Department of Surgery, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, United Kingdom
| | - J H Duncan Bassett
- Molecular Endocrinology Laboratory, Department of Metabolism, Digestion and Reproduction, Imperial College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Graham R Williams
- Molecular Endocrinology Laboratory, Department of Metabolism, Digestion and Reproduction, Imperial College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Jyoti S Choudhary
- Wellcome Sanger Institute, Hinxton, United Kingdom
- The Institute of Cancer Research, London, United Kingdom
| | - J Mark Wilkinson
- Department of Oncology and Metabolism, University of Sheffield, Sheffield, United Kingdom.
- Centre for Integrated Research into Musculoskeletal Ageing and Sheffield Healthy Lifespan Institute, University of Sheffield, Sheffield, United Kingdom.
| | - Eleftheria Zeggini
- Institute of Translational Genomics, Helmholtz Zentrum München - German Research Center for Environmental Health, Neuherberg, Germany.
- Wellcome Sanger Institute, Hinxton, United Kingdom.
- TUM School of Medicine, Technical University of Munich and Klinikum Rechts der Isar, Munich, Germany.
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13
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Chen J, Peng L, Zhao Z, Yang Q, Yin F, Liu M, Luo X, He C, He Y. HDAC1 potentiates CD4 + T cell activation by inhibiting miR-124 and promoting IRF1 in systemic lupus erythematosus. Cell Immunol 2021; 362:104284. [PMID: 33550188 DOI: 10.1016/j.cellimm.2021.104284] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2020] [Revised: 12/04/2020] [Accepted: 01/05/2021] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) is an autoimmune disease leading to considerable morbidity worldwide, which can be developed from a breakdown in immunological tolerance, resulting in T cell hyperactivation. T cell hyperactivation has been implicated in the tissue damage associated with many diseases. Although many researchers have identified the involvement of T-cell receptor-associated signaling molecules in T-cell activation, the mechanisms underlying this process are yet to be elaborated. In the current study, we set out to reveal a novel transcriptional mechanism required for CD4 + T cell immunoactivity involved in SLE. First of all, miR-124 was experimentally determined to be under-expressed in peripheral blood samples of SLE patients relative to healthy individuals. We further isolated CD4 + T cells from the peripheral blood samples of SLE patients and healthy individuals, and found that miR-124 was poorly expressed in peripheral blood-derived CD4 + T cells of SLE patients. Subsequent experiments demonstrated that re-expression of miR-124 inhibited the immunoactivity of CD4 + T cells from SLE patients, which was achieved through the down-regulation of IRF1 since dual-luciferase reporter gene assay findings indicated that miR-124 could target IRF1. In addition, HDAC1 was found to be enriched at the miR-124 promoter resulting in inhibition of miR-124 expression, thereby promoting the immunoactivity of CD4 + T cells. In conclusion, we identify that as a stimulator of CD4 + T cell immunoactivity, HDAC1 may be implicated in the immunopathology of SLE. The study will open up new avenues to explore future immunotherapy strategies for SLE.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jie Chen
- Department of Rheumatology and Immunology, The Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou 646000, PR China.
| | - Lihui Peng
- Department of Rheumatology and Immunology, The Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou 646000, PR China
| | - Zixia Zhao
- Department of Rheumatology and Immunology, The Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou 646000, PR China
| | - Qiuyu Yang
- Department of Rheumatology and Immunology, The Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou 646000, PR China
| | - Feng Yin
- Department of Rheumatology and Immunology, The Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou 646000, PR China
| | - Mao Liu
- Department of Rheumatology and Immunology, The Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou 646000, PR China
| | - Xiao Luo
- Department of Rheumatology and Immunology, The Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou 646000, PR China
| | - Chengsong He
- Department of Rheumatology and Immunology, The Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou 646000, PR China
| | - Yue He
- Department of Ophthalmology, The Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou 646000, PR China.
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14
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Hamminger P, Rica R, Ellmeier W. Histone deacetylases as targets in autoimmune and autoinflammatory diseases. Adv Immunol 2020; 147:1-59. [PMID: 32981634 DOI: 10.1016/bs.ai.2020.06.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Reversible lysine acetylation of histones is a key epigenetic regulatory process controlling gene expression. Reversible histone acetylation is mediated by two opposing enzyme families: histone acetyltransferases (HATs) and histone deacetylases (HDACs). Moreover, many non-histone targets of HATs and HDACs are known, suggesting a crucial role for lysine acetylation as a posttranslational modification on the cellular proteome and protein function far beyond chromatin-mediated gene regulation. The HDAC family consists of 18 members and pan-HDAC inhibitors (HDACi) are clinically used for the treatment of certain types of cancer. HDACi or individual HDAC member-deficient (cell lineage-specific) mice have also been tested in a large number of preclinical mouse models for several autoimmune and autoinflammatory diseases and in most cases HDACi treatment results in an attenuation of clinical disease severity. A reduction of disease severity has also been observed in mice lacking certain HDAC members. This indicates a high therapeutic potential of isoform-selective HDACi for immune-mediated diseases. Isoform-selective HDACi and thus targeted inactivation of HDAC isoforms might also overcome the adverse effects of current clinically approved pan-HDACi. This review provides a brief overview about the fundamental function of HDACs as epigenetic regulators, highlights the roles of HDACs beyond chromatin-mediated control of gene expression and summarizes the studies showing the impact of HDAC inhibitors and genetic deficiencies of HDAC members for the outcome of autoimmune and autoinflammatory diseases with a focus on rheumatoid arthritis, inflammatory bowel disease and experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis (EAE) as an animal model of multiple sclerosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Patricia Hamminger
- Division of Immunobiology, Institute of Immunology, Center for Pathophysiology, Infectiology and Immunology, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Ramona Rica
- Division of Immunobiology, Institute of Immunology, Center for Pathophysiology, Infectiology and Immunology, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Wilfried Ellmeier
- Division of Immunobiology, Institute of Immunology, Center for Pathophysiology, Infectiology and Immunology, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria.
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15
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Choudhary N, Gupta R, Bhatt LK. Anti-rheumatic activity of Phenethyl isothiocyanate via inhibition of histone deacetylase-1. Chem Biol Interact 2020; 324:109095. [PMID: 32289289 DOI: 10.1016/j.cbi.2020.109095] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/29/2019] [Revised: 03/13/2020] [Accepted: 04/05/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Rheumatoid Arthritis (RA) affects approximately 1% of the total world population. Despite incessant research and development of new therapeutic agents, management of RA is still a troublesome affair. Histone Deacetylase 1 (HDAC1) is an epigenetic regulator which play important role in pathogenesis of RA. In present study, we hypothesized that Phenethyl isothiocyanate (PEITC), a potent inhibitor of HDAC1, may ameliorate RA. Efficacy of PEITC was evaluated in Complete Freund's Adjuvant (CFA) induced arthritis model in rats. CFA (0.1 ml) was injected subplantarly in the left hind paw on day 0 to all the groups except normal control. The administration of test drug PEITC (10, 24 & 50 mg/kg) and standard drug Ibuprofen started simultaneously and was continued for 21 days. Paw edema, total arthritic index, mobility score, stair climbing ability, behavioral parameters, and bone erosion were evaluated. Further, radiographic studies, TNF-alpha as well as HDAC1 levels in synovial tissue homogenate and histological analysis were performed. Prophylactic treatment of PEITC attenuated paw edema, total arthritic index, mobility score, stair climbing ability, behavioral parameters, and bone erosion in dose dependent manner. Furthermore, there was significant decrease in TNF-alpha as well as HDAC1 levels in synovial tissue homogenate. Histological analysis revealed no cartilage damage, bone erosion, hyperplasia at synovial lining as well as infiltration of inflammatory cells in treatment group. Results of this study suggest potent anti-rheumatoid arthritis activity of Phenethyl isothiocyanate in CFA induced RA model in rats.
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Affiliation(s)
- Narayan Choudhary
- Department of Pharmacology, SVKM's Dr. Bhanuben Nanavati College of Pharmacy, Vile Parle (W), Mumbai, India
| | - Riya Gupta
- Department of Pharmacology, SVKM's Dr. Bhanuben Nanavati College of Pharmacy, Vile Parle (W), Mumbai, India
| | - Lokesh Kumar Bhatt
- Department of Pharmacology, SVKM's Dr. Bhanuben Nanavati College of Pharmacy, Vile Parle (W), Mumbai, India.
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16
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Göschl L, Preglej T, Boucheron N, Saferding V, Müller L, Platzer A, Hirahara K, Shih HY, Backlund J, Matthias P, Niederreiter B, Hladik A, Kugler M, Gualdoni GA, Scheinecker C, Knapp S, Seiser C, Holmdahl R, Tillmann K, Plasenzotti R, Podesser B, Aletaha D, Smolen JS, Karonitsch T, Steiner G, Ellmeier W, Bonelli M. Histone deacetylase 1 (HDAC1): A key player of T cell-mediated arthritis. J Autoimmun 2019; 108:102379. [PMID: 31883829 DOI: 10.1016/j.jaut.2019.102379] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/25/2019] [Revised: 09/20/2019] [Accepted: 12/02/2019] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Rheumatoid Arthritis (RA) represents a chronic T cell-mediated inflammatory autoimmune disease. Studies have shown that epigenetic mechanisms contribute to the pathogenesis of RA. Histone deacetylases (HDACs) represent one important group of epigenetic regulators. However, the role of individual HDAC members for the pathogenesis of arthritis is still unknown. In this study we demonstrate that mice with a T cell-specific deletion of HDAC1 (HDAC1-cKO) are resistant to the development of Collagen-induced arthritis (CIA), whereas the antibody response to collagen type II was undisturbed, indicating an unaltered T cell-mediated B cell activation. The inflammatory cytokines IL-17 and IL-6 were significantly decreased in sera of HDAC1-cKO mice. IL-6 treated HDAC1-deficient CD4+ T cells showed an impaired upregulation of CCR6. Selective inhibition of class I HDACs with the HDAC inhibitor MS-275 under Th17-skewing conditions inhibited the upregulation of chemokine receptor 6 (CCR6) in mouse and human CD4+ T cells. Accordingly, analysis of human RNA-sequencing (RNA-seq) data and histological analysis of synovial tissue samples from human RA patients revealed the existence of CD4+CCR6+ cells with enhanced HDAC1 expression. Our data indicate a key role for HDAC1 for the pathogenesis of CIA and suggest that HDAC1 and other class I HDACs might be promising targets of selective HDAC inhibitors (HDACi) for the treatment of RA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lisa Göschl
- Division of Rheumatology, Department of Internal Medicine III, Medical University of Vienna, 1090, Vienna, Austria
| | - Teresa Preglej
- Division of Immunobiology, Institute of Immunology, Center for Pathophysiology, Infectiology and Immunology, Medical University of Vienna, 1090, Vienna, Austria
| | - Nicole Boucheron
- Division of Immunobiology, Institute of Immunology, Center for Pathophysiology, Infectiology and Immunology, Medical University of Vienna, 1090, Vienna, Austria
| | - Victoria Saferding
- Division of Rheumatology, Department of Internal Medicine III, Medical University of Vienna, 1090, Vienna, Austria; Ludwig Boltzmann Institute for Arthritis and Rehabilitation, 1090, Vienna, Austria
| | - Lena Müller
- Division of Rheumatology, Department of Internal Medicine III, Medical University of Vienna, 1090, Vienna, Austria; Ludwig Boltzmann Institute for Arthritis and Rehabilitation, 1090, Vienna, Austria
| | - Alexander Platzer
- Division of Rheumatology, Department of Internal Medicine III, Medical University of Vienna, 1090, Vienna, Austria
| | - Kiyoshi Hirahara
- Department of Immunology, Graduate School of Medicine, Chiba University, Chiba, 260-8670, Japan; AMED-PRIME, AMED, Chiba, 260-8670, Japan
| | - Han-Yu Shih
- Molecular Immunology and Inflammation Branch, National Institute of Arthritis, Musculoskeletal and Skin Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, United States
| | - Johan Backlund
- Department of Medical Biochemistry and Biophysics, Medical Inflammation Research, Karolinska Institute, 17177, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Patrick Matthias
- Friedrich Miescher Institute for Biomedical Research, 4058, Basel, Switzerland; Faculty of Sciences, University of Basel, 4031, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Birgit Niederreiter
- Division of Rheumatology, Department of Internal Medicine III, Medical University of Vienna, 1090, Vienna, Austria
| | - Anastasiya Hladik
- Research Center for Molecular Medicine of the Austrian Academy of Sciences (CeMM), Vienna, Austria; Laboratory of Infection Biology, Department of Internal Medicine I, Medical University of Vienna, 1090, Vienna, Austria
| | - Maximilian Kugler
- Division of Rheumatology, Department of Internal Medicine III, Medical University of Vienna, 1090, Vienna, Austria
| | - Guido A Gualdoni
- Division of Immunobiology, Institute of Immunology, Center for Pathophysiology, Infectiology and Immunology, Medical University of Vienna, 1090, Vienna, Austria; Division of Nephrology and Dialysis, Department of Internal Medicine III, Medical University of Vienna, 1090, Vienna, Austria
| | - Clemens Scheinecker
- Division of Rheumatology, Department of Internal Medicine III, Medical University of Vienna, 1090, Vienna, Austria
| | - Sylvia Knapp
- Research Center for Molecular Medicine of the Austrian Academy of Sciences (CeMM), Vienna, Austria; Laboratory of Infection Biology, Department of Internal Medicine I, Medical University of Vienna, 1090, Vienna, Austria
| | - Christian Seiser
- Division of Cell and Developmental Biology, Center for Anatomy and Cell Biology, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Rikard Holmdahl
- Department of Medical Biochemistry and Biophysics, Medical Inflammation Research, Karolinska Institute, 17177, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Katharina Tillmann
- Division of Biomedical Research, Medical University of Vienna, 1090, Vienna, Austria
| | - Roberto Plasenzotti
- Division of Biomedical Research, Medical University of Vienna, 1090, Vienna, Austria
| | - Bruno Podesser
- Division of Biomedical Research, Medical University of Vienna, 1090, Vienna, Austria
| | - Daniel Aletaha
- Division of Rheumatology, Department of Internal Medicine III, Medical University of Vienna, 1090, Vienna, Austria
| | - Josef S Smolen
- Division of Rheumatology, Department of Internal Medicine III, Medical University of Vienna, 1090, Vienna, Austria
| | - Thomas Karonitsch
- Division of Rheumatology, Department of Internal Medicine III, Medical University of Vienna, 1090, Vienna, Austria
| | - Günter Steiner
- Division of Rheumatology, Department of Internal Medicine III, Medical University of Vienna, 1090, Vienna, Austria; Ludwig Boltzmann Institute for Arthritis and Rehabilitation, 1090, Vienna, Austria
| | - Wilfried Ellmeier
- Division of Immunobiology, Institute of Immunology, Center for Pathophysiology, Infectiology and Immunology, Medical University of Vienna, 1090, Vienna, Austria
| | - Michael Bonelli
- Division of Rheumatology, Department of Internal Medicine III, Medical University of Vienna, 1090, Vienna, Austria.
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17
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Ibáñez-Cabellos JS, Seco-Cervera M, Osca-Verdegal R, Pallardó FV, García-Giménez JL. Epigenetic Regulation in the Pathogenesis of Sjögren Syndrome and Rheumatoid Arthritis. Front Genet 2019; 10:1104. [PMID: 31798626 PMCID: PMC6863924 DOI: 10.3389/fgene.2019.01104] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2019] [Accepted: 10/11/2019] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Autoimmune rheumatic diseases, such as Sjögren syndrome (SS) and rheumatoid arthritis (RA), are characterized by chronic inflammation and autoimmunity, which cause joint tissue damage and destruction by triggering reduced mobility and debilitation in patients with these diseases. Initiation and maintenance of chronic inflammatory stages account for several mechanisms that involve immune cells as key players and the interaction of the immune cells with other tissues. Indeed, the overlapping of certain clinical and serologic manifestations between SS and RA may indicate that numerous immunologic-related mechanisms are involved in the physiopathology of both these diseases. It is widely accepted that epigenetic pathways play an essential role in the development and function of the immune system. Although many published studies have attempted to elucidate the relation between epigenetic modifications (e.g. DNA methylation, histone post-translational modifications, miRNAs) and autoimmune disorders, the contribution of epigenetic regulation to the pathogenesis of SS and RA is at present poorly understood. This review attempts to shed light from a critical point of view on the identification of the most relevant epigenetic mechanisms related to RA and SS by explaining intricate regulatory processes and phenotypic features of both autoimmune diseases. Moreover, we point out some epigenetic markers which can be used to monitor the inflammation status and the dysregulated immunity in SS and RA. Finally, we discuss the inconvenience of using epigenetic data obtained from bulk immune cell populations instead specific immune cell subpopulations.
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Affiliation(s)
- José Santiago Ibáñez-Cabellos
- Center for Biomedical Network Research on Rare Diseases (CIBERER), Institute of Health Carlos III, Valencia, Spain.,INCLIVA Health Research Institute, Mixed Unit for rare diseases INCLIVA-CIPF, Valencia, Spain.,Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, University of Valencia, Valencia, Spain
| | - Marta Seco-Cervera
- Center for Biomedical Network Research on Rare Diseases (CIBERER), Institute of Health Carlos III, Valencia, Spain.,INCLIVA Health Research Institute, Mixed Unit for rare diseases INCLIVA-CIPF, Valencia, Spain.,Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, University of Valencia, Valencia, Spain
| | - Rebeca Osca-Verdegal
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, University of Valencia, Valencia, Spain
| | - Federico V Pallardó
- Center for Biomedical Network Research on Rare Diseases (CIBERER), Institute of Health Carlos III, Valencia, Spain.,INCLIVA Health Research Institute, Mixed Unit for rare diseases INCLIVA-CIPF, Valencia, Spain.,Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, University of Valencia, Valencia, Spain
| | - José Luis García-Giménez
- Center for Biomedical Network Research on Rare Diseases (CIBERER), Institute of Health Carlos III, Valencia, Spain.,INCLIVA Health Research Institute, Mixed Unit for rare diseases INCLIVA-CIPF, Valencia, Spain.,Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, University of Valencia, Valencia, Spain
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18
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Sellmer A, Stangl H, Beyer M, Grünstein E, Leonhardt M, Pongratz H, Eichhorn E, Elz S, Striegl B, Jenei-Lanzl Z, Dove S, Straub RH, Krämer OH, Mahboobi S. Marbostat-100 Defines a New Class of Potent and Selective Antiinflammatory and Antirheumatic Histone Deacetylase 6 Inhibitors. J Med Chem 2018; 61:3454-3477. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.jmedchem.7b01593] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Andreas Sellmer
- Institute of Pharmacy, Faculty of Chemistry and Pharmacy, University of Regensburg, 93040 Regensburg, Germany
| | - Hubert Stangl
- Laboratory of Experimental Rheumatology and Neuroendocrine Immunology, Department of Internal Medicine, University Hospital, 93042 Regensburg, Germany
| | - Mandy Beyer
- Institute of Toxicology, University Medical Center Mainz, 55131 Mainz, Germany
| | - Elisabeth Grünstein
- Institute of Pharmacy, Faculty of Chemistry and Pharmacy, University of Regensburg, 93040 Regensburg, Germany
| | - Michel Leonhardt
- Institute of Pharmacy, Faculty of Chemistry and Pharmacy, University of Regensburg, 93040 Regensburg, Germany
| | - Herwig Pongratz
- Institute of Pharmacy, Faculty of Chemistry and Pharmacy, University of Regensburg, 93040 Regensburg, Germany
| | - Emerich Eichhorn
- Institute of Pharmacy, Faculty of Chemistry and Pharmacy, University of Regensburg, 93040 Regensburg, Germany
| | - Sigurd Elz
- Institute of Pharmacy, Faculty of Chemistry and Pharmacy, University of Regensburg, 93040 Regensburg, Germany
| | - Birgit Striegl
- Technical University of Applied Sciences (OTH) Regensburg, 93053 Regensburg, Germany
- Regensburg Center of Biomedical Engineering (RCBE), OTH and University Regensburg, 93053 Regensburg, Germany
| | - Zsuzsa Jenei-Lanzl
- Laboratory of Experimental Rheumatology and Neuroendocrine Immunology, Department of Internal Medicine, University Hospital, 93042 Regensburg, Germany
- Dr. Rolf M. Schwiete Research Unit for Osteoarthritis, Orthopedic University Hospital, Friedrichsheim gGmbH, 60528 Frankfurt/Main, Germany
| | - Stefan Dove
- Institute of Pharmacy, Faculty of Chemistry and Pharmacy, University of Regensburg, 93040 Regensburg, Germany
| | - Rainer H. Straub
- Laboratory of Experimental Rheumatology and Neuroendocrine Immunology, Department of Internal Medicine, University Hospital, 93042 Regensburg, Germany
| | - Oliver H. Krämer
- Institute of Toxicology, University Medical Center Mainz, 55131 Mainz, Germany
| | - Siavosh Mahboobi
- Institute of Pharmacy, Faculty of Chemistry and Pharmacy, University of Regensburg, 93040 Regensburg, Germany
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19
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Epigenetic regulation in B-cell maturation and its dysregulation in autoimmunity. Cell Mol Immunol 2018; 15:676-684. [PMID: 29375128 PMCID: PMC6123482 DOI: 10.1038/cmi.2017.133] [Citation(s) in RCA: 74] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2017] [Revised: 10/22/2017] [Accepted: 10/23/2017] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
B cells have a critical role in the initiation and acceleration of autoimmune diseases, especially those mediated by autoantibodies. In the peripheral lymphoid system, mature B cells are activated by self or/and foreign antigens and signals from helper T cells for differentiating into either memory B cells or antibody-producing plasma cells. Accumulating evidence has shown that epigenetic regulations modulate somatic hypermutation and class switch DNA recombination during B-cell activation and differentiation. Any abnormalities in these complex regulatory processes may contribute to aberrant antibody production, resulting in autoimmune pathogenesis such as systemic lupus erythematosus. Newly generated knowledge from advanced modern technologies such as next-generation sequencing, single-cell sequencing and DNA methylation sequencing has enabled us to better understand B-cell biology and its role in autoimmune development. Thus this review aims to summarize current research progress in epigenetic modifications contributing to B-cell activation and differentiation, especially under autoimmune conditions such as lupus, rheumatoid arthritis and type 1 diabetes.
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20
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Angiolilli C, Baeten DL, Radstake TR, Reedquist KA. The acetyl code in rheumatoid arthritis and other rheumatic diseases. Epigenomics 2017; 9:447-461. [DOI: 10.2217/epi-2016-0136] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Growing evidence supports the idea that aberrancies in epigenetic processes contribute to the onset and progression of human immune-mediated inflammatory diseases, such as rheumatoid arthritis (RA). Epigenetic regulators of histone tail modifications play a role in chromatin accessibility and transcriptional responses to inflammatory stimuli. Among these, histone deacetylases (HDACs) regulate the acetylation status of histones and nonhistone proteins, essential for immune responses. Broad-spectrum HDAC inhibitors are well-known anti-inflammatory agents and reduce disease severity in animal models of arthritis; however, selective HDAC inhibitors remain poorly studied. In this review, we describe emerging findings regarding the aberrant acetyl code in RA and other rheumatic disorders which may help identify not only novel diagnostic and prognostic clinical biomarkers for RA, but also new targets for epigenetic pharmacological applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chiara Angiolilli
- Laboratory of Translational Immunology & Department of Rheumatology & Clinical Immunology, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, The Netherlands
- Amsterdam Rheumatology & Immunology Center, Department of Clinical Immunology & Rheumatology, Department of Experimental Immunology Academic Medical Center, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Dominique L Baeten
- Amsterdam Rheumatology & Immunology Center, Department of Clinical Immunology & Rheumatology, Department of Experimental Immunology Academic Medical Center, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Timothy R Radstake
- Laboratory of Translational Immunology & Department of Rheumatology & Clinical Immunology, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Kris A Reedquist
- Laboratory of Translational Immunology & Department of Rheumatology & Clinical Immunology, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, The Netherlands
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21
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Cantley MD, Zannettino ACW, Bartold PM, Fairlie DP, Haynes DR. Histone deacetylases (HDAC) in physiological and pathological bone remodelling. Bone 2017; 95:162-174. [PMID: 27913271 DOI: 10.1016/j.bone.2016.11.028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/07/2016] [Revised: 10/31/2016] [Accepted: 11/28/2016] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Histone deacetylases (HDACs)2 play important roles in the epigenetic regulation of gene expression in cells and are emerging therapeutic targets for treating a wide range of diseases. HDAC inhibitors (HDACi)3 that act on multiple HDAC enzymes have been used clinically to treat a number of solid and hematological malignancies. HDACi are also currently being studied for their efficacy in non-malignant diseases, including pathologic bone loss, but this has necessitated a better understanding of the roles of individual HDAC enzymes, particularly the eleven zinc-containing isozymes. Selective isozyme-specific inhibitors currently being developed against class I HDACs (1, 2, 3 and 8) and class II HDACs (4, 5, 6, 7, 9 and 10) will be valuable tools for elucidating the roles played by individual HDACs in different physiological and pathological settings. Isozyme-specific HDACi promise to have greater efficacy and reduced side effects, as required for treating chronic disease over extended periods of time. This article reviews the current understanding of roles for individual HDAC isozymes and effects of HDACi on bone cells, (osteoblasts, osteoclasts and osteocytes), in relation to bone remodelling in conditions characterised by pathological bone loss, including periodontitis, rheumatoid arthritis and myeloma bone disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- M D Cantley
- Discipline of Physiology, School of Medicine, University of Adelaide, SA 5005, Australia; Myeloma Research Laboratory, Cancer Theme, SAHMRI, Adelaide, SA 5000, Australia; Colgate Australian Clinical Dental Research Centre, Adelaide Dental School, University of Adelaide, SA 5005, Australia.
| | - A C W Zannettino
- Discipline of Physiology, School of Medicine, University of Adelaide, SA 5005, Australia; Myeloma Research Laboratory, Cancer Theme, SAHMRI, Adelaide, SA 5000, Australia
| | - P M Bartold
- Colgate Australian Clinical Dental Research Centre, Adelaide Dental School, University of Adelaide, SA 5005, Australia
| | - D P Fairlie
- Centre for Inflammation and Disease Research, Institute for Molecular Bioscience, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD 4072, Australia; Australian Research Council Centre of Excellence in Advanced Molecular Imaging, Institute for Molecular Bioscience, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD 4072, Australia
| | - D R Haynes
- Discipline of Anatomy and Pathology, School of Medicine, University of Adelaide, SA 5005, Australia
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22
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Morandini AC, Santos CF, Yilmaz Ö. Role of epigenetics in modulation of immune response at the junction of host-pathogen interaction and danger molecule signaling. Pathog Dis 2016; 74:ftw082. [PMID: 27542389 DOI: 10.1093/femspd/ftw082] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 08/11/2016] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Epigenetic mechanisms have rapidly and controversially emerged as silent modulators of host defenses that can lead to a more prominent immune response and shape the course of inflammation in the host. Thus, the epigenetics can both drive the production of specific inflammatory mediators and control the magnitude of the host response. The epigenetic actions that are predominantly shown to modulate the host defense against microbial pathogens are DNA methylation, histone modification and the activity of non-coding RNAs. There is also growing evidence that opportunistic chronic pathogens, such as Porphyromonas gingivalis, as a microbial host subversion strategy, can epigenetically interfere with the host DNA machinery for successful colonization. Similarly, the novel involvement of small molecule 'danger signals', which are released by stressed or infected cells, at the center of host-pathogen interplay and epigenetics is developing. In this review, we systematically examine the latest knowledge within the field of epigenetics in the context of host-derived danger molecule and purinergic signaling, with a particular focus on host microbial defenses and infection-driven chronic inflammation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ana Carolina Morandini
- Department of Biological Sciences, Bauru School of Dentistry - University of São Paulo, Bauru, SP, Brazil Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of the Pacific, Arthur Dugoni School of Dentistry, San Francisco, CA 94103, USA Department of Oral Health Sciences, College of Dental Medicine, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC 29425, USA
| | - Carlos F Santos
- Department of Biological Sciences, Bauru School of Dentistry - University of São Paulo, Bauru, SP, Brazil
| | - Özlem Yilmaz
- Department of Oral Health Sciences, College of Dental Medicine, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC 29425, USA Department of Microbiology and Immunology, College of Medicine, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC 29425, USA
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Angiolilli C, Kabala PA, Grabiec AM, Van Baarsen IM, Ferguson BS, García S, Malvar Fernandez B, McKinsey TA, Tak PP, Fossati G, Mascagni P, Baeten DL, Reedquist KA. Histone deacetylase 3 regulates the inflammatory gene expression programme of rheumatoid arthritis fibroblast-like synoviocytes. Ann Rheum Dis 2016; 76:277-285. [PMID: 27457515 PMCID: PMC5264225 DOI: 10.1136/annrheumdis-2015-209064] [Citation(s) in RCA: 96] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2015] [Revised: 03/29/2016] [Accepted: 04/24/2016] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Objectives Non-selective histone deacetylase (HDAC) inhibitors (HDACi) have demonstrated anti-inflammatory properties in both in vitro and in vivo models of rheumatoid arthritis (RA). Here, we investigated the potential contribution of specific class I and class IIb HDACs to inflammatory gene expression in RA fibroblast-like synoviocytes (FLS). Methods RA FLS were incubated with pan-HDACi (ITF2357, givinostat) or selective HDAC1/2i, HDAC3/6i, HDAC6i and HDAC8i. Alternatively, FLS were transfected with HDAC3, HDAC6 or interferon (IFN)-α/β receptor alpha chain (IFNAR1) siRNA. mRNA expression of interleukin (IL)-1β-inducible genes was measured by quantitative PCR (qPCR) array and signalling pathway activation by immunoblotting and DNA-binding assays. Results HDAC3/6i, but not HDAC1/2i and HDAC8i, significantly suppressed the majority of IL-1β-inducible genes targeted by pan-HDACi in RA FLS. Silencing of HDAC3 expression reproduced the effects of HDAC3/6i on gene regulation, contrary to HDAC6-specific inhibition and HDAC6 silencing. Screening of the candidate signal transducers and activators of transcription (STAT)1 transcription factor revealed that HDAC3/6i abrogated STAT1 Tyr701 phosphorylation and DNA binding, but did not affect STAT1 acetylation. HDAC3 activity was required for type I IFN production and subsequent STAT1 activation in FLS. Suppression of type I IFN release by HDAC3/6i resulted in reduced expression of a subset of IFN-dependent genes, including the chemokines CXCL9 and CXCL11. Conclusions Inhibition of HDAC3 in RA FLS largely recapitulates the effects of pan-HDACi in suppressing inflammatory gene expression, including type I IFN production in RA FLS. Our results identify HDAC3 as a potential therapeutic target in the treatment of RA and type I IFN-driven autoimmune diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chiara Angiolilli
- Department of Experimental Immunology and Department of Clinical Immunology and Rheumatology, Academic Medical Center, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.,Laboratory of Translational Immunology and Department of Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Pawel A Kabala
- Department of Experimental Immunology and Department of Clinical Immunology and Rheumatology, Academic Medical Center, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.,Laboratory of Translational Immunology and Department of Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Aleksander M Grabiec
- Department of Experimental Immunology and Department of Clinical Immunology and Rheumatology, Academic Medical Center, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.,Manchester Collaborative Centre for Inflammation Research, The University of Manchester, Manchester, UK
| | - Iris M Van Baarsen
- Department of Experimental Immunology and Department of Clinical Immunology and Rheumatology, Academic Medical Center, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Bradley S Ferguson
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, University of Colorado Denver, Aurora, Colorado, USA
| | - Samuel García
- Department of Experimental Immunology and Department of Clinical Immunology and Rheumatology, Academic Medical Center, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.,Laboratory of Translational Immunology and Department of Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Beatriz Malvar Fernandez
- Department of Experimental Immunology and Department of Clinical Immunology and Rheumatology, Academic Medical Center, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.,Laboratory of Translational Immunology and Department of Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Timothy A McKinsey
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, University of Colorado Denver, Aurora, Colorado, USA
| | - Paul P Tak
- Department of Experimental Immunology and Department of Clinical Immunology and Rheumatology, Academic Medical Center, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.,GlaxoSmithKline, Stevenage, UK.,Cambridge University, Cambridge, UK
| | | | | | - Dominique L Baeten
- Department of Experimental Immunology and Department of Clinical Immunology and Rheumatology, Academic Medical Center, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Kris A Reedquist
- Department of Experimental Immunology and Department of Clinical Immunology and Rheumatology, Academic Medical Center, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.,Laboratory of Translational Immunology and Department of Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, The Netherlands
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Abstract
PURPOSE OF REVIEW The activation of inflammatory response is dependent upon genetic factors and epigenetic control mechanisms. This overview will highlight recent advances in the understanding of epigenetic dynamics during cellular inflammation. RECENT FINDINGS There is a growing body of evidence indicating that alterations of the chromatin state associate with an increased risk of chronic disease development and inflammation. Epigenetic alterations respond rapidly to environmental changes and have a profound effect on gene regulatory cross-wirings and transcriptional regulation. SUMMARY Systematic dissection of the mechanisms underlying epigenetic effects during inflammatory response is a critical step toward elucidation of the cell's molecular processes and holds potential for the development of novel therapies for the treatment of chronic diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dashzeveg Bayarsaihan
- Institute for System Genomics and Center for Regenerative Medicine and Skeletal Development, University of Connecticut Health Center, Farmington, Connecticut, USA
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25
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Bhattaram P, Chandrasekharan U. The joint synovium: A critical determinant of articular cartilage fate in inflammatory joint diseases. Semin Cell Dev Biol 2016; 62:86-93. [PMID: 27212252 DOI: 10.1016/j.semcdb.2016.05.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 74] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/12/2016] [Accepted: 05/17/2016] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
The synovium constitutes the envelope of articular joints and is a critical provider of synovial fluid components and articular cartilage nutrients. Its inflammation is a predominant feature and cause of joint degeneration in diseases as diverse as rheumatoid, psoriatic, juvenile and idiopathic arthritis, and lupus, gout and lyme disease. These inflammatory joint diseases (IJDs) are due to a wide variety of genetic, epigenetic and environmental factors that trigger, promote, and perpetuate joint destabilization. In spite of this variety of causes, IJDs share main pathological features, namely inflammation of the joint synovium (synovitis) and progressive degeneration of articular cartilage. In addition to being a driving force behind the destruction of articular cartilage in IJD, synovitis is also increasingly being recognized as a significant contributor of articular cartilage degeneration in osteoarthritis, a disease primarily due to aging- or trauma-related wear and tear of cartilage surfaces. In view of this important role of the synovium in determining the fate of articular cartilage, this review focuses on its underlying mechanisms in the pathology of IJD. We address the roles of synovial fibroblasts, macrophages and endothelial cells in the maintenance of joint health and in the destruction of articular cartilage integrity during IJD. Molecular mechanisms that have been recently shown to govern the pathological activities of the resident synovial cells are highlighted. Finally, advantages and disadvantages of targeting these new molecular mechanisms for preventing cartilage degeneration due to chronic inflammation are also discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pallavi Bhattaram
- Department of Cellular & Molecular Medicine, Cleveland Clinic Lerner Research Institute, 9500 Euclid Avenue, NC-10, Cleveland, OH, 44195, USA.
| | - Unnikrishnan Chandrasekharan
- Department of Cellular & Molecular Medicine, Cleveland Clinic Lerner Research Institute, 9500 Euclid Avenue, NC-10, Cleveland, OH, 44195, USA.
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