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Zaragoza MV, Bui TA, Widyastuti HP, Mehrabi M, Cang Z, Sha Y, Grosberg A, Nie Q. LMNA -Related Dilated Cardiomyopathy: Single-Cell Transcriptomics during Patient-derived iPSC Differentiation Support Cell type and Lineage-specific Dysregulation of Gene Expression and Development for Cardiomyocytes and Epicardium-Derived Cells with Lamin A/C Haploinsufficiency. BIORXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR BIOLOGY 2024:2024.06.12.598335. [PMID: 38915555 PMCID: PMC11195187 DOI: 10.1101/2024.06.12.598335] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/26/2024]
Abstract
LMNA -Related Dilated Cardiomyopathy (DCM) is an autosomal-dominant genetic condition with cardiomyocyte and conduction system dysfunction often resulting in heart failure or sudden death. The condition is caused by mutation in the Lamin A/C ( LMNA ) gene encoding Type-A nuclear lamin proteins involved in nuclear integrity, epigenetic regulation of gene expression, and differentiation. Molecular mechanisms of disease are not completely understood, and there are no definitive treatments to reverse progression or prevent mortality. We investigated possible mechanisms of LMNA -Related DCM using induced pluripotent stem cells derived from a family with a heterozygous LMNA c.357-2A>G splice-site mutation. We differentiated one LMNA mutant iPSC line derived from an affected female (Patient) and two non-mutant iPSC lines derived from her unaffected sister (Control) and conducted single-cell RNA sequencing for 12 samples (4 Patient and 8 Control) across seven time points: Day 0, 2, 4, 9, 16, 19, and 30. Our bioinformatics workflow identified 125,554 cells in raw data and 110,521 (88%) high-quality cells in sequentially processed data. Unsupervised clustering, cell annotation, and trajectory inference found complex heterogeneity: ten main cell types; many possible subtypes; and lineage bifurcation for Cardiac Progenitors to Cardiomyocytes (CM) and Epicardium-Derived Cells (EPDC). Data integration and comparative analyses of Patient and Control cells found cell type and lineage differentially expressed genes (DEG) with enrichment to support pathway dysregulation. Top DEG and enriched pathways included: 10 ZNF genes and RNA polymerase II transcription in Pluripotent cells (PP); BMP4 and TGF Beta/BMP signaling, sarcomere gene subsets and cardiogenesis, CDH2 and EMT in CM; LMNA and epigenetic regulation and DDIT4 and mTORC1 signaling in EPDC. Top DEG also included: XIST and other X-linked genes, six imprinted genes: SNRPN , PWAR6 , NDN , PEG10 , MEG3 , MEG8 , and enriched gene sets in metabolism, proliferation, and homeostasis. We confirmed Lamin A/C haploinsufficiency by allelic expression and Western blot. Our complex Patient-derived iPSC model for Lamin A/C haploinsufficiency in PP, CM, and EPDC provided support for dysregulation of genes and pathways, many previously associated with Lamin A/C defects, such as epigenetic gene expression, signaling, and differentiation. Our findings support disruption of epigenomic developmental programs as proposed in other LMNA disease models. We recognized other factors influencing epigenetics and differentiation; thus, our approach needs improvement to further investigate this mechanism in an iPSC-derived model.
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Wu W, Jin Q, Östlund C, Tanji K, Shin JY, Han J, Leu CS, Kushner J, Worman HJ. mTOR Inhibition Prolongs Survival and Has Beneficial Effects on Heart Function After Onset of Lamin A/C Gene Mutation Cardiomyopathy in Mice. Circ Heart Fail 2024; 17:e011110. [PMID: 38567527 PMCID: PMC11008450 DOI: 10.1161/circheartfailure.123.011110] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2023] [Accepted: 02/12/2024] [Indexed: 04/04/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Mutations in LMNA encoding nuclear envelope proteins lamin A/C cause dilated cardiomyopathy. Activation of the AKT/mTOR (RAC-α serine/threonine-protein kinase/mammalian target of rapamycin) pathway is implicated as a potential pathophysiologic mechanism. The aim of this study was to assess whether pharmacological inhibition of mTOR signaling has beneficial effects on heart function and prolongs survival in a mouse model of the disease, after onset of heart failure. METHODS We treated male LmnaH222P/H222P mice, after the onset of heart failure, with placebo or either of 2 orally bioavailable mTOR inhibitors: everolimus or NV-20494, a rapamycin analog highly selective against mTORC1. We examined left ventricular remodeling, and the cell biological, biochemical, and histopathologic features of cardiomyopathy, potential drug toxicity, and survival. RESULTS Everolimus treatment (n=17) significantly reduced left ventricular dilatation and increased contractility on echocardiography, with a 7% (P=0.018) reduction in left ventricular end-diastolic diameter and a 39% (P=0.0159) increase fractional shortening compared with placebo (n=17) after 6 weeks of treatment. NV-20494 treatment (n=15) yielded similar but more modest and nonsignificant changes. Neither drug prevented the development of cardiac fibrosis. Drug treatment reactivated suppressed autophagy and inhibited mTORC1 signaling in the heart, although everolimus was more potent. With regards to drug toxicity, everolimus alone led to a modest degree of glucose intolerance during glucose challenge. Everolimus (n=20) and NV-20494 (n=20) significantly prolonged median survival in LmnaH222P/H222P mice, by 9% (P=0.0348) and 11% (P=0.0206), respectively, compared with placebo (n=20). CONCLUSIONS These results suggest that mTOR inhibitors may be beneficial in patients with cardiomyopathy caused by LMNA mutations and that further study is warranted.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei Wu
- Department of Medicine, Vagelos College of Physicians and Surgeons, (W.W., Q.J., C.Ö., J.-Y.S., J.K., H.J.W.), Columbia University, New York, NY
- Department of Pathology and Cell Biology, Vagelos College of Physicians and Surgeons (W.W., Q.J., C.Ö., K.T., H.J.W.), Columbia University, New York, NY
| | - Qi Jin
- Department of Medicine, Vagelos College of Physicians and Surgeons, (W.W., Q.J., C.Ö., J.-Y.S., J.K., H.J.W.), Columbia University, New York, NY
- Department of Pathology and Cell Biology, Vagelos College of Physicians and Surgeons (W.W., Q.J., C.Ö., K.T., H.J.W.), Columbia University, New York, NY
| | - Cecilia Östlund
- Department of Medicine, Vagelos College of Physicians and Surgeons, (W.W., Q.J., C.Ö., J.-Y.S., J.K., H.J.W.), Columbia University, New York, NY
- Department of Pathology and Cell Biology, Vagelos College of Physicians and Surgeons (W.W., Q.J., C.Ö., K.T., H.J.W.), Columbia University, New York, NY
| | - Kurenai Tanji
- Department of Pathology and Cell Biology, Vagelos College of Physicians and Surgeons (W.W., Q.J., C.Ö., K.T., H.J.W.), Columbia University, New York, NY
| | - Ji-Yeon Shin
- Department of Medicine, Vagelos College of Physicians and Surgeons, (W.W., Q.J., C.Ö., J.-Y.S., J.K., H.J.W.), Columbia University, New York, NY
| | - Jiying Han
- Department of Biostatistics, Mailman School of Public Health (J.H., C.-S.L.), Columbia University, New York, NY
| | - Cheng-Shiun Leu
- Department of Biostatistics, Mailman School of Public Health (J.H., C.-S.L.), Columbia University, New York, NY
| | - Jared Kushner
- Department of Medicine, Vagelos College of Physicians and Surgeons, (W.W., Q.J., C.Ö., J.-Y.S., J.K., H.J.W.), Columbia University, New York, NY
| | - Howard J. Worman
- Department of Medicine, Vagelos College of Physicians and Surgeons, (W.W., Q.J., C.Ö., J.-Y.S., J.K., H.J.W.), Columbia University, New York, NY
- Department of Pathology and Cell Biology, Vagelos College of Physicians and Surgeons (W.W., Q.J., C.Ö., K.T., H.J.W.), Columbia University, New York, NY
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Wang S, Zhang Z, He J, Liu J, Guo X, Chu H, Xu H, Wang Y. Comprehensive review on gene mutations contributing to dilated cardiomyopathy. Front Cardiovasc Med 2023; 10:1296389. [PMID: 38107262 PMCID: PMC10722203 DOI: 10.3389/fcvm.2023.1296389] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/18/2023] [Accepted: 11/17/2023] [Indexed: 12/19/2023] Open
Abstract
Dilated cardiomyopathy (DCM) is one of the most common primary myocardial diseases. However, to this day, it remains an enigmatic cardiovascular disease (CVD) characterized by ventricular dilatation, which leads to myocardial contractile dysfunction. It is the most common cause of chronic congestive heart failure and the most frequent indication for heart transplantation in young individuals. Genetics and various other factors play significant roles in the progression of dilated cardiomyopathy, and variants in more than 50 genes have been associated with the disease. However, the etiology of a large number of cases remains elusive. Numerous studies have been conducted on the genetic causes of dilated cardiomyopathy. These genetic studies suggest that mutations in genes for fibronectin, cytoskeletal proteins, and myosin in cardiomyocytes play a key role in the development of DCM. In this review, we provide a comprehensive description of the genetic basis, mechanisms, and research advances in genes that have been strongly associated with DCM based on evidence-based medicine. We also emphasize the important role of gene sequencing in therapy for potential early diagnosis and improved clinical management of DCM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shipeng Wang
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Zhiyu Zhang
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, The Second People's Hospital of Yibin, Yibin, China
| | - Jiahuan He
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Junqian Liu
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Xia Guo
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Haoxuan Chu
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Hanchi Xu
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Yushi Wang
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China
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Wada E, Matsumoto K, Susumu N, Kato M, Hayashi YK. Emerin deficiency does not exacerbate cardiomyopathy in a murine model of Emery-Dreifuss muscular dystrophy caused by an LMNA gene mutation. J Physiol Sci 2023; 73:27. [PMID: 37940872 DOI: 10.1186/s12576-023-00886-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2023] [Accepted: 10/20/2023] [Indexed: 11/10/2023]
Abstract
Emery-Dreifuss muscular dystrophy (EDMD), caused by mutations in genes encoding nuclear envelope proteins, is clinically characterized by muscular dystrophy, early joint contracture, and life-threatening cardiac abnormalities. To elucidate the pathophysiological mechanisms underlying striated muscle involvement in EDMD, we previously established a murine model with mutations in Emd and Lmna (Emd-/-/LmnaH222P/H222P; EH), and reported exacerbated skeletal muscle phenotypes and no notable cardiac phenotypes at 12 weeks of age. We predicted that lack of emerin in LmnaH222P/H222P mice causes an earlier onset and more pronounced cardiac dysfunction at later stages. In this study, cardiac abnormalities of EDMD mice were compared at 18 and 30 weeks of age. Contrary to our expectations, physiological and histological analyses indicated that emerin deficiency causes no prominent differences of cardiac involvement in LmnaH222P/H222P mice. These results suggest that emerin does not contribute to cardiomyopathy progression in LmnaH222P/H222P mice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eiji Wada
- Department of Pathophysiology, Tokyo Medical University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Kohei Matsumoto
- Department of Pathophysiology, Tokyo Medical University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Nao Susumu
- Department of Pathophysiology, Tokyo Medical University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Megumi Kato
- Department of Pathophysiology, Tokyo Medical University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Yukiko K Hayashi
- Department of Pathophysiology, Tokyo Medical University, Tokyo, Japan.
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Cui Y, Shi B, Zhou Z, Chen B, Zhang X, Li C, Luo K, Zhu Z, Zheng J, He X. LncRNA CFRL aggravates cardiac fibrosis by modulating both miR-3113-5p/CTGF and miR-3473d/FN1 axis. iScience 2023; 26:108039. [PMID: 37954142 PMCID: PMC10638480 DOI: 10.1016/j.isci.2023.108039] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2023] [Revised: 07/13/2023] [Accepted: 09/21/2023] [Indexed: 11/14/2023] Open
Abstract
Cardiac fibrosis is a major type of adverse remodeling, predisposing the disease progression to ultimate heart failure. However, the complexity of pathogenesis has hampered the development of therapies. One of the key mechanisms of cardiac diseases has recently been identified as long non-coding RNA (lncRNA) dysregulation. Through in vitro and in vivo studies, we identified an lncRNA NONMMUT067673.2, which is named as a cardiac fibrosis related lncRNA (CFRL). CFRL was significantly increased in both mouse model and cell model of cardiac fibrosis. In vitro, CFRL was proved to promote the proliferation and migration of cardiac fibroblasts by competitively binding miR-3113-5p and miR-3473d and indirectly up-regulating both CTGF and FN1. In vivo, silencing CFRL significantly mitigated cardiac fibrosis and improved left ventricular function. In short, CFRL may exert an essential role in cardiac fibrosis and interfering with CFRL might be considered as a multitarget strategy for cardiac fibrosis and heart failure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yue Cui
- Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Shanghai Children’s Medical Center Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, 1678 Dongfang Road, Shanghai 200127, China
| | - Bozhong Shi
- Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Shanghai Children’s Medical Center Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, 1678 Dongfang Road, Shanghai 200127, China
| | - Zijie Zhou
- Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Shanghai Children’s Medical Center Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, 1678 Dongfang Road, Shanghai 200127, China
| | - Bo Chen
- Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Shanghai Children’s Medical Center Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, 1678 Dongfang Road, Shanghai 200127, China
| | - Xiaoyang Zhang
- Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Shanghai Children’s Medical Center Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, 1678 Dongfang Road, Shanghai 200127, China
| | - Cong Li
- Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Shanghai Children’s Medical Center Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, 1678 Dongfang Road, Shanghai 200127, China
| | - Kai Luo
- Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Shanghai Children’s Medical Center Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, 1678 Dongfang Road, Shanghai 200127, China
| | - Zhongqun Zhu
- Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Shanghai Children’s Medical Center Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, 1678 Dongfang Road, Shanghai 200127, China
| | - Jinghao Zheng
- Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Shanghai Children’s Medical Center Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, 1678 Dongfang Road, Shanghai 200127, China
| | - Xiaomin He
- Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Shanghai Children’s Medical Center Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, 1678 Dongfang Road, Shanghai 200127, China
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Wang BYH, Hsiao AWT, Shiu HT, Wong N, Wang AYF, Lee CW, Lee OKS, Lee WYW. Mesenchymal stem cells alleviate dexamethasone-induced muscle atrophy in mice and the involvement of ERK1/2 signalling pathway. Stem Cell Res Ther 2023; 14:195. [PMID: 37542297 PMCID: PMC10403871 DOI: 10.1186/s13287-023-03418-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/13/2023] [Accepted: 07/17/2023] [Indexed: 08/06/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND High dosage of dexamethasone (Dex) is an effective treatment for multiple diseases; however, it is often associated with severe side effects including muscle atrophy, resulting in higher risk of falls and poorer life quality of patients. Cell therapy with mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) holds promise for regenerative medicine. In this study, we aimed to investigate the therapeutic efficacy of systemic administration of adipose-derived mesenchymal stem cells (ADSCs) in mitigating the loss of muscle mass and strength in mouse model of DEX-induced muscle atrophy. METHODS 3-month-old female C57BL/6 mice were treated with Dex (20 mg/kg body weight, i.p.) for 10 days to induce muscle atrophy, then subjected to intravenous injection of a single dose of ADSCs ([Formula: see text] cells/kg body weight) or vehicle control. The mice were killed 7 days after ADSCs treatment. Body compositions were measured by animal DXA, gastrocnemius muscle was isolated for ex vivo muscle functional test, histological assessment and Western blot, while tibialis anterior muscles were isolated for RNA-sequencing and qPCR. For in vitro study, C2C12 myoblast cells were cultured under myogenic differentiation medium for 5 days following 100 [Formula: see text]M Dex treatment with or without ADSC-conditioned medium for another 4 days. Samples were collected for qPCR analysis and Western blot analysis. Myotube morphology was measured by myosin heavy chain immunofluorescence staining. RESULTS ADSC treatment significantly increased body lean mass (10-20%), muscle wet weight (15-30%) and cross-sectional area (CSA) (~ 33%) in DEX-induced muscle atrophy mice model and down-regulated muscle atrophy-associated genes expression (45-65%). Hindlimb grip strength (~ 37%) and forelimb ex vivo muscle contraction property were significantly improved (~ 57%) in the treatment group. Significant increase in type I fibres (~ 77%) was found after ADSC injection. RNA-sequencing results suggested that ERK1/2 signalling pathway might be playing important role underlying the beneficial effect of ADSC treatment, which was confirmed by ERK1/2 inhibitor both in vitro and in vivo. CONCLUSIONS ADSCs restore the pathogenesis of Dex-induced muscle atrophy with an increased number of type I fibres, stronger muscle strength, faster recovery rate and more anti-fatigue ability via ERK1/2 signalling pathway. The inhibition of muscle atrophy-associated genes by ADSCs offered this treatment as an intervention option for muscle-associated diseases. Taken together, our findings suggested that adipose-derived mesenchymal stem cell therapy could be a new treatment option for patient with Dex-induced muscle atrophy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Belle Yu-Hsuan Wang
- Center for Neuromusculoskeletal Restorative Medicine, CUHK InnoHK Centres, Hong Kong Science Park, Hong Kong
- Musculoskeletal Research Laboratory, SH Ho Scoliosis Research Laboratory, Department of Orthopaedics and Traumatology, Faculty of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, Hong Kong
| | - Allen Wei-Ting Hsiao
- Musculoskeletal Research Laboratory, SH Ho Scoliosis Research Laboratory, Department of Orthopaedics and Traumatology, Faculty of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, Hong Kong
| | - Hoi Ting Shiu
- Musculoskeletal Research Laboratory, SH Ho Scoliosis Research Laboratory, Department of Orthopaedics and Traumatology, Faculty of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, Hong Kong
| | - Nicodemus Wong
- Center for Neuromusculoskeletal Restorative Medicine, CUHK InnoHK Centres, Hong Kong Science Park, Hong Kong
- Musculoskeletal Research Laboratory, SH Ho Scoliosis Research Laboratory, Department of Orthopaedics and Traumatology, Faculty of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, Hong Kong
| | - Amanda Yu-Fan Wang
- Musculoskeletal Research Laboratory, SH Ho Scoliosis Research Laboratory, Department of Orthopaedics and Traumatology, Faculty of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, Hong Kong
| | - Chien-Wei Lee
- Center for Translational Genomics and Regenerative Medicine Research, China Medical University Hospital, China Medical University, Taichung, 404327, Taiwan.
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, China Medical University, Taichung, 404327, Taiwan.
| | - Oscar Kuang-Sheng Lee
- Center for Translational Genomics and Regenerative Medicine Research, China Medical University Hospital, China Medical University, Taichung, 404327, Taiwan.
- Institute of Clinical Medicine, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Taipei, Taiwan.
- Department of Orthopedics, China Medical University Hospital, Taichung, 404327, Taiwan.
| | - Wayne Yuk-Wai Lee
- Center for Neuromusculoskeletal Restorative Medicine, CUHK InnoHK Centres, Hong Kong Science Park, Hong Kong.
- Musculoskeletal Research Laboratory, SH Ho Scoliosis Research Laboratory, Department of Orthopaedics and Traumatology, Faculty of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, Hong Kong.
- Li Ka Shing Institute of Health Sciences, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Prince of Wales Hospital, Shatin, Hong Kong.
- Joint Scoliosis Research Centre of the Chinese University of Hong Kong and Nanjing University, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, Hong Kong.
- Key Laboratory for Regenerative Medicine, Ministry of Education, School of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, Hong Kong.
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Mitsui Y, Yamabe F, Hori S, Uetani M, Kobayashi H, Nagao K, Nakajima K. Molecular Mechanisms and Risk Factors Related to the Pathogenesis of Peyronie's Disease. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:10133. [PMID: 37373277 PMCID: PMC10299070 DOI: 10.3390/ijms241210133] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2023] [Revised: 05/25/2023] [Accepted: 06/03/2023] [Indexed: 06/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Peyronie's disease (PD) is a benign condition caused by plaque formation on the tunica albuginea of the penis. It is associated with penile pain, curvature, and shortening, and contributes to erectile dysfunction, which worsens patient quality of life. In recent years, research into understanding of the detailed mechanisms and risk factors involved in the development of PD has been increasing. In this review, the pathological mechanisms and several closely related signaling pathways, including TGF-β, WNT/β-catenin, Hedgehog, YAP/TAZ, MAPK, ROCK, and PI3K/AKT, are described. Findings regarding cross-talk among these pathways are then discussed to elucidate the complicated cascade behind tunica albuginea fibrosis. Finally, various risk factors including the genes involved in the development of PD are presented and their association with the disease summarized. The purpose of this review is to provide a better understanding regarding the involvement of risk factors in the molecular mechanisms associated with PD pathogenesis, as well as to provide insight into disease prevention and novel therapeutic interventions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yozo Mitsui
- Department of Urology, Toho University Faculty of Medicine, Tokyo 143-8540, Japan; (F.Y.); (S.H.); (M.U.); (H.K.); (K.N.); (K.N.)
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Connolly AM, Zaidman CM, Brandsema JF, Phan HC, Tian C, Zhang X, Li J, Eisner MD, Carrier E. Pamrevlumab, a Fully Human Monoclonal Antibody Targeting Connective Tissue Growth Factor, for Non-Ambulatory Patients with Duchenne Muscular Dystrophy. J Neuromuscul Dis 2023:JND230019. [PMID: 37248912 DOI: 10.3233/jnd-230019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/31/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Duchenne muscular dystrophy (DMD) is a neuromuscular disease stemming from dystrophin gene mutations. Lack of dystrophin leads to progressive muscle damage and replacement of muscle with fibrotic and adipose tissue. Pamrevlumab (FG-3019), a fully human monoclonal antibody that binds to connective tissue growth factor (CTGF), is in Phase III development for treatment of DMD and other diseases. METHODS MISSION (Study 079; NCT02606136) was an open-label, Phase II, single-arm trial of pamrevlumab in 21 non-ambulatory patients with DMD (aged≥12 years, receiving corticosteroids) who received 35-mg/kg intravenous infusions every 2 weeks for 2 years. The primary endpoint was change from baseline in percent predicted forced vital capacity (ppFVC). Secondary endpoints included other pulmonary function tests, upper limb function and strength assessments, and changes in upper arm fat and fibrosis scores on magnetic resonance imaging. RESULTS Fifteen patients completed the trial. Annual change from baseline (SE) in ppFVC was -4.2 (0.7) (95% CI -5.5, -2.8). Rate of decline in ppFVC in pamrevlumab-treated patients was slower than observed in historical published trials of non-ambulatory patients. MISSION participants experienced slower-than-anticipated muscle function declines compared with natural history and historical published trials of non-ambulatory patients with DMD. Pamrevlumab was well-tolerated. Treatment-emergent adverse events were mild to moderate, and none led to study discontinuation. CONCLUSIONS nti-CTGF therapy with pamrevlumab represents a potential treatment for DMD. The lack of internal control group limits the results.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anne M Connolly
- Nationwide Children's Hospital, Ohio State University College of Medicine, Columbus, OH, USA
| | - Craig M Zaidman
- Department of Neurology, Washington University at St. Louis, St. Louis, MO, USA
| | - John F Brandsema
- Division of Neurology, The Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Han C Phan
- Department of Pediatrics, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Cuixia Tian
- Division of Neurology, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH, USA
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, OH, USA
| | | | - Jack Li
- FibroGen, Inc., San Francisco, CA, USA
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Wang Y, Dobreva G. Epigenetics in LMNA-Related Cardiomyopathy. Cells 2023; 12:cells12050783. [PMID: 36899919 PMCID: PMC10001118 DOI: 10.3390/cells12050783] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/26/2023] [Revised: 02/18/2023] [Accepted: 02/26/2023] [Indexed: 03/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Mutations in the gene for lamin A/C (LMNA) cause a diverse range of diseases known as laminopathies. LMNA-related cardiomyopathy is a common inherited heart disease and is highly penetrant with a poor prognosis. In the past years, numerous investigations using mouse models, stem cell technologies, and patient samples have characterized the phenotypic diversity caused by specific LMNA variants and contributed to understanding the molecular mechanisms underlying the pathogenesis of heart disease. As a component of the nuclear envelope, LMNA regulates nuclear mechanostability and function, chromatin organization, and gene transcription. This review will focus on the different cardiomyopathies caused by LMNA mutations, address the role of LMNA in chromatin organization and gene regulation, and discuss how these processes go awry in heart disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yinuo Wang
- Department of Cardiovascular Genomics and Epigenomics, European Center for Angioscience (ECAS), Medical Faculty Mannheim, Heidelberg University, 68167 Mannheim, Germany
- German Centre for Cardiovascular Research (DZHK), 68167 Mannheim, Germany
- Correspondence: (Y.W.); (G.D.)
| | - Gergana Dobreva
- Department of Cardiovascular Genomics and Epigenomics, European Center for Angioscience (ECAS), Medical Faculty Mannheim, Heidelberg University, 68167 Mannheim, Germany
- German Centre for Cardiovascular Research (DZHK), 68167 Mannheim, Germany
- Correspondence: (Y.W.); (G.D.)
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Actin-microtubule cytoskeletal interplay mediated by MRTF-A/SRF signaling promotes dilated cardiomyopathy caused by LMNA mutations. Nat Commun 2022; 13:7886. [PMID: 36550158 PMCID: PMC9780334 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-022-35639-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2021] [Accepted: 12/14/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Mutations in the lamin A/C gene (LMNA) cause dilated cardiomyopathy associated with increased activity of ERK1/2 in the heart. We recently showed that ERK1/2 phosphorylates cofilin-1 on threonine 25 (phospho(T25)-cofilin-1) that in turn disassembles the actin cytoskeleton. Here, we show that in muscle cells carrying a cardiomyopathy-causing LMNA mutation, phospho(T25)-cofilin-1 binds to myocardin-related transcription factor A (MRTF-A) in the cytoplasm, thus preventing the stimulation of serum response factor (SRF) in the nucleus. Inhibiting the MRTF-A/SRF axis leads to decreased α-tubulin acetylation by reducing the expression of ATAT1 gene encoding α-tubulin acetyltransferase 1. Hence, tubulin acetylation is decreased in cardiomyocytes derived from male patients with LMNA mutations and in heart and isolated cardiomyocytes from Lmnap.H222P/H222P male mice. In Atat1 knockout mice, deficient for acetylated α-tubulin, we observe left ventricular dilation and mislocalization of Connexin 43 (Cx43) in heart. Increasing α-tubulin acetylation levels in Lmnap.H222P/H222P mice with tubastatin A treatment restores the proper localization of Cx43 and improves cardiac function. In summary, we show for the first time an actin-microtubule cytoskeletal interplay mediated by cofilin-1 and MRTF-A/SRF, promoting the dilated cardiomyopathy caused by LMNA mutations. Our findings suggest that modulating α-tubulin acetylation levels is a feasible strategy for improving cardiac function.
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Qi Y, Wu Z, Bai Y, Jiao Y, Li P. Effects of Adrenomedullin (ADM)-Modified Bone Marrow Mesenchymal Stem Cells (BMSCs) Transplantation on Cardiac Function and Matrix Metalloproteinase Levels in Rats with Heart Failure. J BIOMATER TISS ENG 2022. [DOI: 10.1166/jbt.2022.3080] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
After ADM gene treatment, bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (BMSCs) were transplanted into rats with heart failure to study its effect on rat heart function and matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs) expression. The rats were assigned into control group, BMSCs group and ADM group. 4 weeks
after transplantation, the rats’ cardiac function indexes were detected and the levels of MMP-2 and MMP-9 was measured by western blot. Echocardiography analysis showed significant differences between groups (except LVDd) (P < 0.05). BMSCs and ADM groups had significantly lower
LVEF and LVFS levels than control group (P < 0.05) with a significantly higher level in ADM group than BMSCs group (P < 0.05). However, BMSCs and ADM groups presented a significantly higher LVDs (P < 0.05) without difference between them (P > 0.05).
Interestingly, no difference of LVDd was found among groups (P > 0.05). MMP-2 and MMP-9 levels in BMSCs group were 0.389±0.021, 0.512±0.018, respectively, which were significantly elevated compared to control group (P < 0.05); MMP-2 and MMP-9 protein level
in the ADM group was 0.440±0.018 and 0.539±0.032 respectively, which was significantly higher than control group (P < 0.05). Compared with BMSCs group, ADM group had significantly increased protein levels of MMP-2/9 (P < 0.05). In conclusion, ADM-modified
BMSCs transplantation can significantly inhibit MMP-2 and MMP-9 level, thereby improving the heart function of rats with heart failure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yujuan Qi
- Department of Extracardiac ICU, Tianjin Chest Hospital, Tianjin, 300222, China
| | - Zhenhua Wu
- Department of Extracardiac ICU, Tianjin Chest Hospital, Tianjin, 300222, China
| | - Yaobang Bai
- Department of Extracardiac ICU, Tianjin Chest Hospital, Tianjin, 300222, China
| | - Yan Jiao
- Department of Extracardiac ICU, Tianjin Chest Hospital, Tianjin, 300222, China
| | - Peijun Li
- Department of Extracardiac ICU, Tianjin Chest Hospital, Tianjin, 300222, China
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12
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Fu M, Peng D, Lan T, Wei Y, Wei X. Multifunctional regulatory protein connective tissue growth factor (CTGF): A potential therapeutic target for diverse diseases. Acta Pharm Sin B 2022; 12:1740-1760. [PMID: 35847511 PMCID: PMC9279711 DOI: 10.1016/j.apsb.2022.01.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/08/2021] [Revised: 11/22/2021] [Accepted: 12/16/2021] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Connective tissue growth factor (CTGF), a multifunctional protein of the CCN family, regulates cell proliferation, differentiation, adhesion, and a variety of other biological processes. It is involved in the disease-related pathways such as the Hippo pathway, p53 and nuclear factor kappa-B (NF-κB) pathways and thus contributes to the developments of inflammation, fibrosis, cancer and other diseases as a downstream effector. Therefore, CTGF might be a potential therapeutic target for treating various diseases. In recent years, the research on the potential of CTGF in the treatment of diseases has also been paid more attention. Several drugs targeting CTGF (monoclonal antibodies FG3149 and FG3019) are being assessed by clinical or preclinical trials and have shown promising outcomes. In this review, the cellular events regulated by CTGF, and the relationships between CTGF and pathogenesis of diseases are systematically summarized. In addition, we highlight the current researches, focusing on the preclinical and clinical trials concerned with CTGF as the therapeutic target.
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Keil L, Berisha F, Knappe D, Kubisch C, Shoukier M, Kirchhof P, Fabritz L, Hellenbroich Y, Woitschach R, Magnussen C. LMNA Mutation in a Family with a Strong History of Sudden Cardiac Death. Genes (Basel) 2022; 13:genes13020169. [PMID: 35205214 PMCID: PMC8871815 DOI: 10.3390/genes13020169] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2021] [Revised: 01/10/2022] [Accepted: 01/15/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
We report a family with heterozygous deletion of exons 3–6 of the LMNA gene. The main presentation of affected family members was characterized by ventricular and supraventricular arrhythmias, atrioventricular (AV) block and sudden cardiac death (SCD) but also by severe dilative cardiomyopathy (DCM). We report on two siblings, a 36-year-old female and her 40-year-old brother, who suffer from heart failure with mildly reduced ejection fraction, AV conduction delays and premature ventricular complexes. Their 65-year-old mother underwent heart transplantation at the age of 55 due to advanced heart failure. Originally, the LMNA mutation was detected in one of the uncles. This index patient and three of his brothers died of SCD as well as their father and aunt. The two siblings were treated with implanted defibrillators in our specialized tertiary heart failure center. This case report places this specific genetic variant in the context of LMNA-associated familial DCM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laura Keil
- Department of Cardiology, University Heart and Vascular Center Hamburg, 20251 Hamburg, Germany; (F.B.); (D.K.); (P.K.); (L.F.); (C.M.)
- Correspondence:
| | - Filip Berisha
- Department of Cardiology, University Heart and Vascular Center Hamburg, 20251 Hamburg, Germany; (F.B.); (D.K.); (P.K.); (L.F.); (C.M.)
- German Center for Cardiovascular Research (DZHK), Partner Site Hamburg/Kiel/Luebeck, 20251 Hamburg, Germany
| | - Dorit Knappe
- Department of Cardiology, University Heart and Vascular Center Hamburg, 20251 Hamburg, Germany; (F.B.); (D.K.); (P.K.); (L.F.); (C.M.)
| | - Christian Kubisch
- Institute of Human Genetics, University Hospital Hamburg Eppendorf, 20246 Hamburg, Germany; (C.K.); (R.W.)
| | - Moneef Shoukier
- Prenatal Medicine Munich, Department of Molecular Genetics, 80639 Munich, Germany;
| | - Paulus Kirchhof
- Department of Cardiology, University Heart and Vascular Center Hamburg, 20251 Hamburg, Germany; (F.B.); (D.K.); (P.K.); (L.F.); (C.M.)
- German Center for Cardiovascular Research (DZHK), Partner Site Hamburg/Kiel/Luebeck, 20251 Hamburg, Germany
| | - Larissa Fabritz
- Department of Cardiology, University Heart and Vascular Center Hamburg, 20251 Hamburg, Germany; (F.B.); (D.K.); (P.K.); (L.F.); (C.M.)
- German Center for Cardiovascular Research (DZHK), Partner Site Hamburg/Kiel/Luebeck, 20251 Hamburg, Germany
| | - Yorck Hellenbroich
- Institute of Human Genetics, University of Luebeck, 23538 Luebeck, Germany;
| | - Rixa Woitschach
- Institute of Human Genetics, University Hospital Hamburg Eppendorf, 20246 Hamburg, Germany; (C.K.); (R.W.)
| | - Christina Magnussen
- Department of Cardiology, University Heart and Vascular Center Hamburg, 20251 Hamburg, Germany; (F.B.); (D.K.); (P.K.); (L.F.); (C.M.)
- German Center for Cardiovascular Research (DZHK), Partner Site Hamburg/Kiel/Luebeck, 20251 Hamburg, Germany
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Yang J, Argenziano MA, Burgos Angulo M, Bertalovitz A, Beidokhti MN, McDonald TV. Phenotypic Variability in iPSC-Induced Cardiomyocytes and Cardiac Fibroblasts Carrying Diverse LMNA Mutations. Front Physiol 2021; 12:778982. [PMID: 34975533 PMCID: PMC8716763 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2021.778982] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/17/2021] [Accepted: 11/09/2021] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Mutations in the LMNA gene (encoding lamin A/C) are a significant cause of familial arrhythmogenic cardiomyopathy. Although the penetrance is high, there is considerable phenotypic variability in disease onset, rate of progression, arrhythmias, and severity of myopathy. To begin to address whether this variability stems from specific LMNA mutation sites and types, we generated seven patient-specific induced pluripotent stem cell (iPSC) lines with various LMNA mutations. IPSC-derived cardiomyocytes (iCMs) and cardiac fibroblasts (iCFs) were differentiated from each line for phenotypic analyses. LMNA expression and extracellular signal-regulated kinase pathway activation were perturbed to differing degrees in both iCMs and iCFs from the different lines. Enhanced apoptosis was observed in iCMs but not in iCFs. Markedly diverse irregularities of nuclear membrane morphology were present in iCFs but not iCMs, while iCMs demonstrated variable sarcomere disarray. Heterogenous electrophysiological aberrations assayed by calcium indicator imaging and multi-electrode array suggest differing substrates for arrhythmia that were accompanied by variable ion channel gene expression in the iCMs. Coculture studies suggest enhancement of the LMNA mutation effects on electrophysiological function exerted by iCFs. This study supports the utility of patient-specific iPSC experimental platform in the exploration of mechanistic and phenotypic heterogeneity of different mutations within a cardiac disease-associated gene. The addition of genetically defined coculture of cardiac-constituent non-myocytes further expands the capabilities of this approach.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiajia Yang
- Department of Molecular Pharmacology and Physiology, Morsani College of Medicine, University of South Florida, Tampa, FL, United States
| | - Mariana A. Argenziano
- Heart Institute, Department of Medicine (Division of Cardiovascular Sciences), Morsani College of Medicine, University of South Florida, Tampa, FL, United States
| | - Mariana Burgos Angulo
- Department of Molecular Pharmacology and Physiology, Morsani College of Medicine, University of South Florida, Tampa, FL, United States
| | - Alexander Bertalovitz
- Heart Institute, Department of Medicine (Division of Cardiovascular Sciences), Morsani College of Medicine, University of South Florida, Tampa, FL, United States
| | - Maliheh Najari Beidokhti
- Heart Institute, Department of Medicine (Division of Cardiovascular Sciences), Morsani College of Medicine, University of South Florida, Tampa, FL, United States
| | - Thomas V. McDonald
- Department of Molecular Pharmacology and Physiology, Morsani College of Medicine, University of South Florida, Tampa, FL, United States
- Heart Institute, Department of Medicine (Division of Cardiovascular Sciences), Morsani College of Medicine, University of South Florida, Tampa, FL, United States
- *Correspondence: Thomas V. McDonald,
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15
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Preclinical Advances of Therapies for Laminopathies. J Clin Med 2021; 10:jcm10214834. [PMID: 34768351 PMCID: PMC8584472 DOI: 10.3390/jcm10214834] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/01/2021] [Revised: 10/19/2021] [Accepted: 10/19/2021] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Laminopathies are a group of rare disorders due to mutation in LMNA gene. Depending on the mutation, they may affect striated muscles, adipose tissues, nerves or are multisystemic with various accelerated ageing syndromes. Although the diverse pathomechanisms responsible for laminopathies are not fully understood, several therapeutic approaches have been evaluated in patient cells or animal models, ranging from gene therapies to cell and drug therapies. This review is focused on these therapies with a strong focus on striated muscle laminopathies and premature ageing syndromes.
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16
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Mages C, Gampp H, Syren P, Rahm AK, André F, Frey N, Lugenbiel P, Thomas D. Electrical Ventricular Remodeling in Dilated Cardiomyopathy. Cells 2021; 10:cells10102767. [PMID: 34685747 PMCID: PMC8534398 DOI: 10.3390/cells10102767] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/03/2021] [Revised: 10/01/2021] [Accepted: 10/12/2021] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Ventricular arrhythmias contribute significantly to morbidity and mortality in patients with heart failure (HF). Pathomechanisms underlying arrhythmogenicity in patients with structural heart disease and impaired cardiac function include myocardial fibrosis and the remodeling of ion channels, affecting electrophysiologic properties of ventricular cardiomyocytes. The dysregulation of ion channel expression has been associated with cardiomyopathy and with the development of arrhythmias. However, the underlying molecular signaling pathways are increasingly recognized. This review summarizes clinical and cellular electrophysiologic characteristics observed in dilated cardiomyopathy (DCM) with ionic and structural alterations at the ventricular level. Furthermore, potential translational strategies and therapeutic options are highlighted.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christine Mages
- Department of Cardiology, Medical University Hospital Heidelberg, Im Neuenheimer Feld 410, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany; (C.M.); (H.G.); (P.S.); (A.-K.R.); (F.A.); (N.F.); (P.L.)
- Heidelberg Center for Heart Rhythm Disorders (HCR), University Hospital Heidelberg, Im Neuenheimer Feld 410, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany
- German Centre for Cardiovascular Research (DZHK), Partner Site Heidelberg/Mannheim, University of Heidelberg, Im Neuenheimer Feld 410, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Heike Gampp
- Department of Cardiology, Medical University Hospital Heidelberg, Im Neuenheimer Feld 410, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany; (C.M.); (H.G.); (P.S.); (A.-K.R.); (F.A.); (N.F.); (P.L.)
- Heidelberg Center for Heart Rhythm Disorders (HCR), University Hospital Heidelberg, Im Neuenheimer Feld 410, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Pascal Syren
- Department of Cardiology, Medical University Hospital Heidelberg, Im Neuenheimer Feld 410, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany; (C.M.); (H.G.); (P.S.); (A.-K.R.); (F.A.); (N.F.); (P.L.)
- Heidelberg Center for Heart Rhythm Disorders (HCR), University Hospital Heidelberg, Im Neuenheimer Feld 410, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Ann-Kathrin Rahm
- Department of Cardiology, Medical University Hospital Heidelberg, Im Neuenheimer Feld 410, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany; (C.M.); (H.G.); (P.S.); (A.-K.R.); (F.A.); (N.F.); (P.L.)
- Heidelberg Center for Heart Rhythm Disorders (HCR), University Hospital Heidelberg, Im Neuenheimer Feld 410, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany
- German Centre for Cardiovascular Research (DZHK), Partner Site Heidelberg/Mannheim, University of Heidelberg, Im Neuenheimer Feld 410, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Florian André
- Department of Cardiology, Medical University Hospital Heidelberg, Im Neuenheimer Feld 410, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany; (C.M.); (H.G.); (P.S.); (A.-K.R.); (F.A.); (N.F.); (P.L.)
- Heidelberg Center for Heart Rhythm Disorders (HCR), University Hospital Heidelberg, Im Neuenheimer Feld 410, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Norbert Frey
- Department of Cardiology, Medical University Hospital Heidelberg, Im Neuenheimer Feld 410, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany; (C.M.); (H.G.); (P.S.); (A.-K.R.); (F.A.); (N.F.); (P.L.)
- Heidelberg Center for Heart Rhythm Disorders (HCR), University Hospital Heidelberg, Im Neuenheimer Feld 410, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany
- German Centre for Cardiovascular Research (DZHK), Partner Site Heidelberg/Mannheim, University of Heidelberg, Im Neuenheimer Feld 410, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Patrick Lugenbiel
- Department of Cardiology, Medical University Hospital Heidelberg, Im Neuenheimer Feld 410, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany; (C.M.); (H.G.); (P.S.); (A.-K.R.); (F.A.); (N.F.); (P.L.)
- Heidelberg Center for Heart Rhythm Disorders (HCR), University Hospital Heidelberg, Im Neuenheimer Feld 410, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Dierk Thomas
- Department of Cardiology, Medical University Hospital Heidelberg, Im Neuenheimer Feld 410, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany; (C.M.); (H.G.); (P.S.); (A.-K.R.); (F.A.); (N.F.); (P.L.)
- Heidelberg Center for Heart Rhythm Disorders (HCR), University Hospital Heidelberg, Im Neuenheimer Feld 410, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany
- German Centre for Cardiovascular Research (DZHK), Partner Site Heidelberg/Mannheim, University of Heidelberg, Im Neuenheimer Feld 410, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +49-6221-568855; Fax: +49-6221-565514
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17
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Disrupting the LINC complex by AAV mediated gene transduction prevents progression of Lamin induced cardiomyopathy. Nat Commun 2021; 12:4722. [PMID: 34354059 PMCID: PMC8342462 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-021-24849-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/26/2019] [Accepted: 07/07/2021] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Mutations in the LaminA gene are a common cause of monogenic dilated cardiomyopathy. Here we show that mice with a cardiomyocyte-specific Lmna deletion develop cardiac failure and die within 3-4 weeks after inducing the mutation. When the same Lmna mutations are induced in mice genetically deficient in the LINC complex protein SUN1, life is extended to more than one year. Disruption of SUN1's function is also accomplished by transducing and expressing a dominant-negative SUN1 miniprotein in Lmna deficient cardiomyocytes, using the cardiotrophic Adeno Associated Viral Vector 9. The SUN1 miniprotein disrupts binding between the endogenous LINC complex SUN and KASH domains, displacing the cardiomyocyte KASH complexes from the nuclear periphery, resulting in at least a fivefold extension in lifespan. Cardiomyocyte-specific expression of the SUN1 miniprotein prevents cardiomyopathy progression, potentially avoiding the necessity of developing a specific therapeutic tailored to treating each different LMNA cardiomyopathy-inducing mutation of which there are more than 450.
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18
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Skeletal and Cardiac Muscle Disorders Caused by Mutations in Genes Encoding Intermediate Filament Proteins. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms22084256. [PMID: 33923914 PMCID: PMC8073371 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22084256] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2021] [Revised: 04/12/2021] [Accepted: 04/15/2021] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Intermediate filaments are major components of the cytoskeleton. Desmin and synemin, cytoplasmic intermediate filament proteins and A-type lamins, nuclear intermediate filament proteins, play key roles in skeletal and cardiac muscle. Desmin, encoded by the DES gene (OMIM *125660) and A-type lamins by the LMNA gene (OMIM *150330), have been involved in striated muscle disorders. Diseases include desmin-related myopathy and cardiomyopathy (desminopathy), which can be manifested with dilated, restrictive, hypertrophic, arrhythmogenic, or even left ventricular non-compaction cardiomyopathy, Emery–Dreifuss Muscular Dystrophy (EDMD2 and EDMD3, due to LMNA mutations), LMNA-related congenital Muscular Dystrophy (L-CMD) and LMNA-linked dilated cardiomyopathy with conduction system defects (CMD1A). Recently, mutations in synemin (SYNM gene, OMIM *606087) have been linked to cardiomyopathy. This review will summarize clinical and molecular aspects of desmin-, lamin- and synemin-related striated muscle disorders with focus on LMNA and DES-associated clinical entities and will suggest pathogenetic hypotheses based on the interplay of desmin and lamin A/C. In healthy muscle, such interplay is responsible for the involvement of this network in mechanosignaling, nuclear positioning and mitochondrial homeostasis, while in disease it is disturbed, leading to myocyte death and activation of inflammation and the associated secretome alterations.
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19
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Role of Cdkn2a in the Emery-Dreifuss Muscular Dystrophy Cardiac Phenotype. Biomolecules 2021; 11:biom11040538. [PMID: 33917623 PMCID: PMC8103514 DOI: 10.3390/biom11040538] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2020] [Revised: 03/23/2021] [Accepted: 03/23/2021] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
The Cdkn2a locus is one of the most studied tumor suppressor loci in the context of several cancer types. However, in the last years, its expression has also been linked to terminal differentiation and the activation of the senescence program in different cellular subtypes. Knock-out (KO) of the entire locus enhances the capability of stem cells to proliferate in some tissues and respond to severe physiological and non-physiological damages in different organs, including the heart. Emery-Dreifuss muscular dystrophy (EDMD) is characterized by severe contractures and muscle loss at the level of skeletal muscles of the elbows, ankles and neck, and by dilated cardiomyopathy. We have recently demonstrated, using the LMNA Δ8-11 murine model of Emery-Dreifuss muscular dystrophy (EDMD), that dystrophic muscle stem cells prematurely express non-lineage-specific genes early on during postnatal growth, leading to rapid exhaustion of the muscle stem cell pool. Knock-out of the Cdkn2a locus in EDMD dystrophic mice partially restores muscle stem cell properties. In the present study, we describe the cardiac phenotype of the LMNA Δ8-11 mouse model and functionally characterize the effects of KO of the Cdkn2a locus on heart functions and life expectancy.
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20
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Dridi H, Wu W, Reiken SR, Ofer RM, Liu Y, Yuan Q, Sittenfeld L, Kushner J, Muchir A, Worman HJ, Marks AR. Ryanodine receptor remodeling in cardiomyopathy and muscular dystrophy caused by lamin A/C gene mutation. Hum Mol Genet 2021; 29:3919-3934. [PMID: 33388782 PMCID: PMC7906753 DOI: 10.1093/hmg/ddaa278] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/01/2020] [Revised: 12/08/2020] [Accepted: 12/23/2020] [Indexed: 01/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Mutations in the lamin A/C gene (LMNA), which encodes A-type lamins, cause several diseases called laminopathies, the most common of which is dilated cardiomyopathy with muscular dystrophy. The role of Ca2+ regulation in these diseases remain poorly understood. We now show biochemical remodeling of the ryanodine receptor (RyR)/intracellular Ca2+ release channel in heart samples from human subjects with LMNA mutations, including protein kinase A-catalyzed phosphorylation, oxidation and depletion of the stabilizing subunit calstabin. In the LmnaH222P/H222P murine model of Emery-Dreifuss muscular dystrophy caused by LMNA mutation, we demonstrate an age-dependent biochemical remodeling of RyR2 in the heart and RyR1 in skeletal muscle. This RyR remodeling is associated with heart and skeletal muscle dysfunction. Defective heart and muscle function are ameliorated by treatment with a novel Rycal small molecule drug (S107) that fixes 'leaky' RyRs. SMAD3 phosphorylation is increased in hearts and diaphragms of LmnaH222P/H222P mice, which enhances NADPH oxidase binding to RyR channels, contributing to their oxidation. There is also increased generalized protein oxidation, increased calcium/calmodulin-dependent protein kinase II-catalyzed phosphorylation of RyRs and increased protein kinase A activity in these tissues. Our data show that RyR remodeling plays a role in cardiomyopathy and skeletal muscle dysfunction caused by LMNA mutation and identify these Ca2+ channels as a potential therapeutic target.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haikel Dridi
- Department of Physiology and Cellular Biophysics, Vagelos College of Physicians and Surgeons, Columbia, University, New York, NY 10032, USA
- Wu Center for Molecular Cardiology, Vagelos College of Physicians and Surgeons, Columbia, University, New York, NY 10032, USA
| | - Wei Wu
- Department of Medicine, Vagelos College of Physicians and Surgeons, Columbia, University, New York, NY 10032, USA
- Department of Pathology and Cell Biology, Vagelos College of Physicians and Surgeons, Columbia University, New York, NY 10032, USA
| | - Steven R Reiken
- Department of Physiology and Cellular Biophysics, Vagelos College of Physicians and Surgeons, Columbia, University, New York, NY 10032, USA
- Wu Center for Molecular Cardiology, Vagelos College of Physicians and Surgeons, Columbia, University, New York, NY 10032, USA
| | - Rachel M Ofer
- Department of Physiology and Cellular Biophysics, Vagelos College of Physicians and Surgeons, Columbia, University, New York, NY 10032, USA
- Wu Center for Molecular Cardiology, Vagelos College of Physicians and Surgeons, Columbia, University, New York, NY 10032, USA
| | - Yang Liu
- Department of Physiology and Cellular Biophysics, Vagelos College of Physicians and Surgeons, Columbia, University, New York, NY 10032, USA
- Wu Center for Molecular Cardiology, Vagelos College of Physicians and Surgeons, Columbia, University, New York, NY 10032, USA
| | - Qi Yuan
- Department of Physiology and Cellular Biophysics, Vagelos College of Physicians and Surgeons, Columbia, University, New York, NY 10032, USA
- Wu Center for Molecular Cardiology, Vagelos College of Physicians and Surgeons, Columbia, University, New York, NY 10032, USA
| | - Leah Sittenfeld
- Department of Physiology and Cellular Biophysics, Vagelos College of Physicians and Surgeons, Columbia, University, New York, NY 10032, USA
- Wu Center for Molecular Cardiology, Vagelos College of Physicians and Surgeons, Columbia, University, New York, NY 10032, USA
| | - Jared Kushner
- Department of Medicine, Vagelos College of Physicians and Surgeons, Columbia, University, New York, NY 10032, USA
| | - Antoine Muchir
- Sorbonne University, INSERM, Institute of Myology, Center of Research in Myology, 75013 Paris, France
| | - Howard J Worman
- Department of Medicine, Vagelos College of Physicians and Surgeons, Columbia, University, New York, NY 10032, USA
- Department of Pathology and Cell Biology, Vagelos College of Physicians and Surgeons, Columbia University, New York, NY 10032, USA
| | - Andrew R Marks
- Department of Physiology and Cellular Biophysics, Vagelos College of Physicians and Surgeons, Columbia, University, New York, NY 10032, USA
- Wu Center for Molecular Cardiology, Vagelos College of Physicians and Surgeons, Columbia, University, New York, NY 10032, USA
- Department of Medicine, Vagelos College of Physicians and Surgeons, Columbia, University, New York, NY 10032, USA
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21
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Hiepen C, Mendez PL, Knaus P. It Takes Two to Tango: Endothelial TGFβ/BMP Signaling Crosstalk with Mechanobiology. Cells 2020; 9:E1965. [PMID: 32858894 PMCID: PMC7564048 DOI: 10.3390/cells9091965] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/22/2020] [Revised: 08/19/2020] [Accepted: 08/22/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Bone morphogenetic proteins (BMPs) are members of the transforming growth factor-beta (TGFβ) superfamily of cytokines. While some ligand members are potent inducers of angiogenesis, others promote vascular homeostasis. However, the precise understanding of the molecular mechanisms underlying these functions is still a growing research field. In bone, the tissue in which BMPs were first discovered, crosstalk of TGFβ/BMP signaling with mechanobiology is well understood. Likewise, the endothelium represents a tissue that is constantly exposed to multiple mechanical triggers, such as wall shear stress, elicited by blood flow or strain, and tension from the surrounding cells and to the extracellular matrix. To integrate mechanical stimuli, the cytoskeleton plays a pivotal role in the transduction of these forces in endothelial cells. Importantly, mechanical forces integrate on several levels of the TGFβ/BMP pathway, such as receptors and SMADs, but also global cell-architecture and nuclear chromatin re-organization. Here, we summarize the current literature on crosstalk mechanisms between biochemical cues elicited by TGFβ/BMP growth factors and mechanical cues, as shear stress or matrix stiffness that collectively orchestrate endothelial function. We focus on the different subcellular compartments in which the forces are sensed and integrated into the TGFβ/BMP growth factor signaling.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Petra Knaus
- Knaus-Lab/Signal Transduction, Institute for Chemistry and Biochemistry, Freie Universitaet Berlin, 14195 Berlin, Germany; (C.H.); (P.-L.M.)
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22
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Identification of the aberrantly methylated differentially expressed genes in proliferative diabetic retinopathy. Exp Eye Res 2020; 199:108141. [PMID: 32721427 DOI: 10.1016/j.exer.2020.108141] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/25/2020] [Revised: 06/21/2020] [Accepted: 07/03/2020] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
Diabetic retinopathy (DR) is the most common complication of diabetes. Proliferative DR (PDR) is a more advanced stage of DR, which can cause severe impaired vision and even blindness. However, the precise pathological mechanisms of PDR remain unknown. DNA methylation serves an important role in the initiation and progression of numerous types of disease including PDR. The purpose of this study was to identify the aberrantly methylated differentially expressed genes (DEGs) as potential therapeutic targets of PDR. The gene expression microarray dataset GSE60436 and the methylation profiling microarray dataset GSE57362 were used to determine the aberrantly methylated DEGs in PDR, utilizing normal retinas as controls and fibrovascular membranes (FVMs) in patients with PDR as PDR samples. The functional term and signaling pathway enrichment analysis of the selected genes were subsequently performed. In addition, protein-protein interaction (PPI) networks were constructed to determine the hub genes, and the network of transcriptional factor (TF) and target hub genes was also analyzed. In total, 132 hypomethylated genes were found to be upregulated, whereas 172 hypermethylated genes were discovered to be downregulated in PDR. The hypomethylated upregulated genes were found to be enriched in the pathways, such as "cell-substrate adhesion", "adherens junction", "cell adhesion molecule binding" and "extracellular matrix receptor interactions". Meanwhile, the hypermethylated downregulated genes were enriched in the pathways, such as "visual perception", "presynapse" and the "synaptic vesicle cycle". Based on the PPI analysis, a total of eight hub genes were identified: CTGF, SERPINH1, LOX, RBP3, OTX2, RPE65, OPN1SW and NRL. It was hypothesized that the aberrant methylation of these genes might be related to the possible pathophysiology of PDR. An important transcriptional factor, TFDP1, was discovered to share the closest interactions with the hub genes from the gene-TF network. In conclusion, the present study identified an association among DNA methylation and gene expression in PDR using bioinformatics analysis, and identified the hub genes which might be potential methylation-based diagnosis and treatment targets for PDR in the near future.
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23
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Crasto S, My I, Di Pasquale E. The Broad Spectrum of LMNA Cardiac Diseases: From Molecular Mechanisms to Clinical Phenotype. Front Physiol 2020; 11:761. [PMID: 32719615 PMCID: PMC7349320 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2020.00761] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/26/2020] [Accepted: 06/11/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Mutations of Lamin A/C gene (LMNA) cause laminopathies, a group of disorders associated with a wide spectrum of clinically distinct phenotypes, affecting different tissues and organs. Heart involvement is frequent and leads to cardiolaminopathy LMNA-dependent cardiomyopathy (LMNA-CMP), a form of dilated cardiomyopathy (DCM) typically associated with conduction disorders and arrhythmias, that can manifest either as an isolated event or as part of a multisystem phenotype. Despite the recent clinical and molecular developments in the field, there is still lack of knowledge linking specific LMNA gene mutations to the distinct clinical manifestations. Indeed, the severity and progression of the disease have marked interindividual variability, even amongst members of the same family. Studies conducted so far have described Lamin A/C proteins involved in diverse biological processes, that span from a structural role in the nucleus to the regulation of response to mechanical stress and gene expression, proposing various mechanistic hypotheses. However, none of those is per se able to fully justify functional and clinical phenotypes of LMNA-CMP; therefore, the role of Lamin A/C in cardiac pathophysiology still represents an open question. In this review we provide an update on the state-of-the-art studies on cardiolaminopathy, in the attempt to draw a line connecting molecular mechanisms to clinical manifestations. While investigators in this field still wonder about a clear genotype/phenotype correlation in LMNA-CMP, our intent here is to recapitulate common mechanistic hypotheses that link different mutations to similar clinical presentations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Silvia Crasto
- Humanitas Clinical and Research Center - IRCCS, Rozzano, Italy.,Institute of Genetic and Biomedical Research (IRGB) - UOS of Milan, National Research Council (CNR), Milan, Italy
| | - Ilaria My
- Humanitas Clinical and Research Center - IRCCS, Rozzano, Italy
| | - Elisa Di Pasquale
- Humanitas Clinical and Research Center - IRCCS, Rozzano, Italy.,Institute of Genetic and Biomedical Research (IRGB) - UOS of Milan, National Research Council (CNR), Milan, Italy
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24
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Kraus L, Ma L, Yang Y, Nguyen F, Hoy RC, Okuno T, Khan M, Mohsin S. Cortical Bone Derived Stem Cells Modulate Cardiac Fibroblast Response via miR-18a in the Heart After Injury. Front Cell Dev Biol 2020; 8:494. [PMID: 32656212 PMCID: PMC7324629 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2020.00494] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2020] [Accepted: 05/25/2020] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
The adult heart following injury such as a myocardial infarction forms a fibrotic scar associated with transformation of resident cardiac fibroblasts into myofibroblast, accelerating cardiac remodeling and dysfunction. Cell therapies provide a novel direction for the enhancement of cardiac structure and function but remain poorly described in terms of the effect on resident cardiac fibroblasts. We have shown cortical bone derived stem cells (CBSCs) exhibit an ability to repair the heart after myocardial injury together with reduced scar formation. Nevertheless, whether CBSCs possess ability to modulate resident fibroblast response after myocardial injury remains untested.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lindsay Kraus
- Independence Blue Cross Cardiovascular Research Center, Lewis Katz School of Medicine, Temple University, Philadelphia, PA, United States
| | - Lena Ma
- Independence Blue Cross Cardiovascular Research Center, Lewis Katz School of Medicine, Temple University, Philadelphia, PA, United States
| | - Yijun Yang
- Independence Blue Cross Cardiovascular Research Center, Lewis Katz School of Medicine, Temple University, Philadelphia, PA, United States
| | - Faustina Nguyen
- Independence Blue Cross Cardiovascular Research Center, Lewis Katz School of Medicine, Temple University, Philadelphia, PA, United States
| | - Robert C Hoy
- Center for Metabolic Disease, Lewis Katz School of Medicine, Temple University, Philadelphia, PA, United States
| | - Tomoko Okuno
- Independence Blue Cross Cardiovascular Research Center, Lewis Katz School of Medicine, Temple University, Philadelphia, PA, United States
| | - Mohsin Khan
- Center for Metabolic Disease, Lewis Katz School of Medicine, Temple University, Philadelphia, PA, United States
| | - Sadia Mohsin
- Independence Blue Cross Cardiovascular Research Center, Lewis Katz School of Medicine, Temple University, Philadelphia, PA, United States
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25
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Macquart C, Jüttner R, Morales Rodriguez B, Le Dour C, Lefebvre F, Chatzifrangkeskou M, Schmitt A, Gotthardt M, Bonne G, Muchir A. Microtubule cytoskeleton regulates Connexin 43 localization and cardiac conduction in cardiomyopathy caused by mutation in A-type lamins gene. Hum Mol Genet 2020; 28:4043-4052. [PMID: 29893868 DOI: 10.1093/hmg/ddy227] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2018] [Revised: 06/05/2018] [Accepted: 06/06/2018] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Mutations in the lamin A/C gene (LMNA) cause an autosomal dominant inherited form of dilated cardiomyopathy associated with cardiac conduction disease (hereafter referred to as LMNA cardiomyopathy). Compared with other forms of dilated cardiomyopathy, mutations in LMNA are responsible for a more aggressive clinical course owing to a high rate of malignant ventricular arrhythmias. Gap junctions are intercellular channels that allow direct communication between neighboring cells, which are involved in electrical impulse propagation and coordinated contraction of the heart. For gap junctions to properly control electrical synchronization in the heart, connexin-based hemichannels must be correctly targeted to intercalated discs, Cx43 being the major connexin in the working myocytes. We here showed an altered distribution of Cx43 in a mouse model of LMNA cardiomyopathy. However, little is known on the molecular mechanisms of Cx43 remodeling in pathological context. We now show that microtubule cytoskeleton alteration and decreased acetylation of α-tubulin lead to remodeling of Cx43 in LMNA cardiomyopathy, which alters the correct communication between cardiomyocytes, ultimately leading to electrical conduction disturbances. Preventing or reversing this process could offer a strategy to repair damaged heart. Stabilization of microtubule cytoskeleton using Paclitaxel improved intraventricular conduction defects. These results indicate that microtubule cytoskeleton contributes to the pathogenesis of LMNA cardiomyopathy and that drugs stabilizing the microtubule may be beneficial for patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Coline Macquart
- Sorbonne Université, INSERM, Association Institut de Myologie, Centre de Recherche en Myologie, UMRS974, Paris 75013, France
| | - Rene Jüttner
- Max-Delbrück-Center for Molecular Medicine, DE-13092 Berlin, Germany
| | - Blanca Morales Rodriguez
- Sorbonne Université, INSERM, Association Institut de Myologie, Centre de Recherche en Myologie, UMRS974, Paris 75013, France
| | - Caroline Le Dour
- Department of Medicine.,Department of Pathology and Cell Biology, College of Physicians and Surgeons, Columbia University, New York, NY 10032, USA
| | - Florence Lefebvre
- Signaling and Cardiovascular Pathophysiology, UMRS 1180, Université Paris-Sud, INSERM, Chatenay-Malabry 92216, France
| | - Maria Chatzifrangkeskou
- Sorbonne Université, INSERM, Association Institut de Myologie, Centre de Recherche en Myologie, UMRS974, Paris 75013, France
| | - Alain Schmitt
- Institut Cochin, INSERM U1016-CNRS UMR 8104, Université Paris Descartes-Sorbonne Paris Cité, Paris F-75014, France
| | - Michael Gotthardt
- DZHK (German Centre for Cardiovascular Research), Berlin, Germany.,Neuromuscular and Cardiovascular Cell Biology, Max Delbrück Center for Molecular Medicine, 13092 Berlin, Germany
| | - Gisèle Bonne
- Sorbonne Université, INSERM, Association Institut de Myologie, Centre de Recherche en Myologie, UMRS974, Paris 75013, France
| | - Antoine Muchir
- Sorbonne Université, INSERM, Association Institut de Myologie, Centre de Recherche en Myologie, UMRS974, Paris 75013, France
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26
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An Omics View of Emery-Dreifuss Muscular Dystrophy. J Pers Med 2020; 10:jpm10020050. [PMID: 32549253 PMCID: PMC7354601 DOI: 10.3390/jpm10020050] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/13/2020] [Revised: 06/08/2020] [Accepted: 06/12/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Recent progress in Omics technologies has started to empower personalized healthcare development at a thorough biomolecular level. Omics have subsidized medical breakthroughs that have started to enter clinical proceedings. The use of this scientific know-how has surfaced as a way to provide a more far-reaching view of the biological mechanisms behind diseases. This review will focus on the discoveries made using Omics and the utility of these approaches for Emery–Dreifuss muscular dystrophy.
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27
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Wong X, Stewart CL. The Laminopathies and the Insights They Provide into the Structural and Functional Organization of the Nucleus. Annu Rev Genomics Hum Genet 2020; 21:263-288. [PMID: 32428417 DOI: 10.1146/annurev-genom-121219-083616] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
In recent years, our perspective on the cell nucleus has evolved from the view that it is a passive but permeable storage organelle housing the cell's genetic material to an understanding that it is in fact a highly organized, integrative, and dynamic regulatory hub. In particular, the subcompartment at the nuclear periphery, comprising the nuclear envelope and the underlying lamina, is now known to be a critical nexus in the regulation of chromatin organization, transcriptional output, biochemical and mechanosignaling pathways, and, more recently, cytoskeletal organization. We review the various functional roles of the nuclear periphery and their deregulation in diseases of the nuclear envelope, specifically the laminopathies, which, despite their rarity, provide insights into contemporary health-care issues.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xianrong Wong
- Regenerative and Developmental Biology Group, Institute of Medical Biology, Singapore 138648; ,
| | - Colin L Stewart
- Regenerative and Developmental Biology Group, Institute of Medical Biology, Singapore 138648; ,
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28
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Morales Rodriguez B, Domínguez-Rodríguez A, Benitah JP, Lefebvre F, Marais T, Mougenot N, Beauverger P, Bonne G, Briand V, Gómez AM, Muchir A. Activation of sarcolipin expression and altered calcium cycling in LMNA cardiomyopathy. Biochem Biophys Rep 2020; 22:100767. [PMID: 32490213 PMCID: PMC7261707 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrep.2020.100767] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/04/2020] [Revised: 04/12/2020] [Accepted: 04/13/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Cardiomyopathy caused by A-type lamins gene (LMNA) mutations (LMNA cardiomyopathy) is associated with dysfunction of the heart, often leading to heart failure. LMNA cardiomyopathy is highly penetrant with bad prognosis with no specific therapy available. Searching for alternative ways to halt the progression of LMNA cardiomyopathy, we studied the role of calcium homeostasis in the evolution of this disease. We showed that sarcolipin, an inhibitor of the sarco/endoplasmic reticulum (SR) Ca2+ ATPase (SERCA) was abnormally elevated in the ventricular cardiomyocytes of mutated mice compared with wild type mice, leading to an alteration of calcium handling. This occurs early in the progression of the disease, when the left ventricular function was not altered. We further demonstrated that down regulation of sarcolipin using adeno-associated virus (AAV) 9-mediated RNA interference delays cardiac dysfunction in mouse model of LMNA cardiomyopathy. These results showed a novel role for sarcolipin on calcium homeostasis in heart and open perspectives for future therapeutic interventions to LMNA cardiomyopathy. Sarcolipin, an inhibitor of the sarco/endoplasmic reticulum (SR) Ca2+ ATPase (SERCA) was abnormally elevated in the cardiac muscle of a mouse model of cardiomyopathy caused by LMNA mutations. The elevation of sarcolipin expression leads to an alteration of calcium handling. Down regulation of sarcolipin using adeno-associated virus (AAV) 9-mediated RNA interference delays cardiac dysfunction in mouse model of cardiomyopathy caused by LMNA mutations.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Alejandro Domínguez-Rodríguez
- Inserm, Univ. Paris-Sud, Université Paris-Saclay, UMR-S 1180, “Signaling and Cardiovascular Pathophysiology”, Châtenay-Malabry, France
| | - Jean-Pierre Benitah
- Inserm, Univ. Paris-Sud, Université Paris-Saclay, UMR-S 1180, “Signaling and Cardiovascular Pathophysiology”, Châtenay-Malabry, France
| | - Florence Lefebvre
- Inserm, Univ. Paris-Sud, Université Paris-Saclay, UMR-S 1180, “Signaling and Cardiovascular Pathophysiology”, Châtenay-Malabry, France
| | | | - Nathalie Mougenot
- Sorbonne Université, INSERM, UMS28 Phénotypage du Petit animal, Paris, F-75013, France
| | | | - Gisèle Bonne
- Sorbonne Université, INSERM UMRS974, Paris, France
| | | | - Ana-María Gómez
- Inserm, Univ. Paris-Sud, Université Paris-Saclay, UMR-S 1180, “Signaling and Cardiovascular Pathophysiology”, Châtenay-Malabry, France
| | - Antoine Muchir
- Sorbonne Université, INSERM UMRS974, Paris, France
- Corresponding author.
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29
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Thomasson R, Vignier N, Peccate C, Mougenot N, Noirez P, Muchir A. Alteration of performance in a mouse model of Emery-Dreifuss muscular dystrophy caused by A-type lamins gene mutation. Hum Mol Genet 2020; 28:2237-2244. [PMID: 31220270 DOI: 10.1093/hmg/ddz056] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/05/2019] [Revised: 03/13/2019] [Accepted: 03/13/2019] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Autosomal Emery-Dreifuss muscular dystrophy (EDMD) is caused by mutations in the lamin A/C gene (LMNA) encoding A-type nuclear lamins, intermediate filament proteins of the nuclear envelope. Classically, the disease manifests as scapulo-humero-peroneal muscle wasting and weakness, early joint contractures and dilated cardiomyopathy with conduction blocks; however, variable skeletal muscle involvement can be present. Previously, we and other demonstrated altered activity of signaling pathways in hearts and striated muscles of LmnaH222P/H222P mice, a model of autosomal EDMD. We showed that blocking their activation improved cardiac function. However, the evaluation of the benefit of these treatments on the whole organism is suffering from a better knowledge of the performance in mouse models. We show in the present study that LmnaH222P/H222P mice display a significant loss of lean mass, consistent with the dystrophic process. This is associated with altered VO2 peak and respiratory exchange ratio. These results showed for the first time that LmnaH222P/H222P mice have decreased performance and provided a new useful means for future therapeutic interventions on this model of EDMD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rémi Thomasson
- Université Sorbonne Paris Cité, EA7329, Université Paris Descartes, Paris, France
| | - Nicolas Vignier
- Sorbonne Université, INSERM, UMRS974, Center of Research in Myology, Institut de Myologie, Paris, France
| | - Cecile Peccate
- Sorbonne Université, INSERM, UMRS974, Center of Research in Myology, Institut de Myologie, Paris, France
| | - Nathalie Mougenot
- Sorbonne Université, INSERM, UMS28, Phénotypage du Petit Animal, Paris F-75013, France
| | - Philippe Noirez
- Université Sorbonne Paris Cité, EA7329, Université Paris Descartes, Paris, France.,Institute for Research in Medicine and Epidemiology of Sport, National Institute of Sport, Expertise and Performance, Paris, France
| | - Antoine Muchir
- Sorbonne Université, INSERM, UMRS974, Center of Research in Myology, Institut de Myologie, Paris, France
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30
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Looking at New Unexpected Disease Targets in LMNA-Linked Lipodystrophies in the Light of Complex Cardiovascular Phenotypes: Implications for Clinical Practice. Cells 2020; 9:cells9030765. [PMID: 32245113 PMCID: PMC7140635 DOI: 10.3390/cells9030765] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2020] [Revised: 03/01/2020] [Accepted: 03/07/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Variants in LMNA, encoding A-type lamins, are responsible for laminopathies including muscular dystrophies, lipodystrophies, and progeroid syndromes. Cardiovascular laminopathic involvement is classically described as cardiomyopathy in striated muscle laminopathies, and arterial wall dysfunction and/or valvulopathy in lipodystrophic and/or progeroid laminopathies. We report unexpected cardiovascular phenotypes in patients with LMNA-associated lipodystrophies, illustrating the complex multitissular pathophysiology of the disease and the need for specific cardiovascular investigations in affected patients. A 33-year-old woman was diagnosed with generalized lipodystrophy and atypical progeroid syndrome due to the newly identified heterozygous LMNA p.(Asp136Val) variant. Her complex cardiovascular phenotype was associated with atherosclerosis, aortic valvular disease and left ventricular hypertrophy with rhythm and conduction defects. A 29-year-old woman presented with a partial lipodystrophy syndrome and a severe coronary atherosclerosis which required a triple coronary artery bypass grafting. She carried the novel heterozygous p.(Arg60Pro) LMNA variant inherited from her mother, affected with partial lipodystrophy and dilated cardiomyopathy. Different lipodystrophy-associated LMNA pathogenic variants could target cardiac vasculature and/or muscle, leading to complex overlapping phenotypes. Unifying pathophysiological hypotheses should be explored in several cell models including adipocytes, cardiomyocytes and vascular cells. Patients with LMNA-associated lipodystrophy should be systematically investigated with 24-h ECG monitoring, echocardiography and non-invasive coronary function testing.
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Abstract
Cardiac fibrosis is associated with non-ischemic dilated cardiomyopathy, increasing its morbidity and mortality. Cardiac fibroblast is the keystone of fibrogenesis, being activated by numerous cellular and humoral factors. Macrophages, CD4+ and CD8+ T cells, mast cells, and endothelial cells stimulate fibrogenesis directly by activating cardiac fibroblasts and indirectly by synthetizing various profibrotic molecules. The synthesis of type 1 and type 3 collagen, fibronectin, and α-smooth muscle actin is rendered by various mechanisms like transforming growth factor-beta/small mothers against decapentaplegic pathway, renin angiotensin system, and estrogens, which in turn alter the extracellular matrix. Investigating the underlying mechanisms will allow the development of diagnostic and prognostic tools and discover novel specific therapies. Serum biomarkers aid in the diagnosis and tracking of cardiac fibrosis progression. The diagnostic gold standard is cardiac magnetic resonance with gadolinium administration that allows quantification of cardiac fibrosis either by late gadolinium enhancement assessment or by T1 mapping. Therefore, the goal is to stop and even reverse cardiac fibrosis by developing specific therapies that directly target fibrogenesis, in addition to the drugs used to treat heart failure. Cardiac resynchronization therapy had shown to revert myocardial remodeling and to reduce cardiac fibrosis. The purpose of this review is to provide an overview of currently available data.
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32
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Mosbah H, Vatier C, Boccara F, Jéru I, Vantyghem MC, Donadille B, Wahbi K, Vigouroux C. Cardiovascular complications of lipodystrophic syndromes - focus on laminopathies. ANNALES D'ENDOCRINOLOGIE 2020; 82:146-148. [PMID: 32201029 DOI: 10.1016/j.ando.2020.03.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Helena Mosbah
- Centre national de Référence des Pathologies Rares de l'Insulino- Sécrétion et de l'Insulino -Sensibilité (PRISIS), Service d'Endocrinologie, Diabétologie et Endocrinologie de la Reproduction, Hôpital Saint-Antoine, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris, Paris, France; Sorbonne Université, Inserm UMR_S 938, Centre de Recherche Saint-Antoine (CRSA), Paris, France
| | - Camille Vatier
- Centre national de Référence des Pathologies Rares de l'Insulino- Sécrétion et de l'Insulino -Sensibilité (PRISIS), Service d'Endocrinologie, Diabétologie et Endocrinologie de la Reproduction, Hôpital Saint-Antoine, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris, Paris, France; Sorbonne Université, Inserm UMR_S 938, Centre de Recherche Saint-Antoine (CRSA), Paris, France
| | - Franck Boccara
- Sorbonne Université, Inserm UMR_S 938, Centre de Recherche Saint-Antoine (CRSA), Paris, France; Service de Cardiologie, Hôpital Saint-Antoine, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris, Paris, France
| | - Isabelle Jéru
- Sorbonne Université, Inserm UMR_S 938, Centre de Recherche Saint-Antoine (CRSA), Paris, France; Laboratoire Commun de Biologie et Génétique Moléculaires, Hôpital Saint-Antoine, Assistance publique-Hôpitaux de Paris, Paris, France
| | - Marie-Christine Vantyghem
- Université de Lille, CHU Lille, Service d'Endocrinologie, Diabétologie et Métabolisme, Inserm U1190, European Genomic Institute for Diabetes (EGID), Lille, France
| | - Bruno Donadille
- Centre national de Référence des Pathologies Rares de l'Insulino- Sécrétion et de l'Insulino -Sensibilité (PRISIS), Service d'Endocrinologie, Diabétologie et Endocrinologie de la Reproduction, Hôpital Saint-Antoine, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris, Paris, France; Sorbonne Université, Inserm UMR_S 938, Centre de Recherche Saint-Antoine (CRSA), Paris, France
| | - Karim Wahbi
- Sorbonne Université, Inserm UMR_S970, FILNEMUS, Service de Cardiologie, Hôpital Cochin, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris, Paris-Descartes, Paris Cardiovascular Research Centre (PARCC), Paris, France
| | - Corinne Vigouroux
- Centre national de Référence des Pathologies Rares de l'Insulino- Sécrétion et de l'Insulino -Sensibilité (PRISIS), Service d'Endocrinologie, Diabétologie et Endocrinologie de la Reproduction, Hôpital Saint-Antoine, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris, Paris, France; Sorbonne Université, Inserm UMR_S 938, Centre de Recherche Saint-Antoine (CRSA), Paris, France; Laboratoire Commun de Biologie et Génétique Moléculaires, Hôpital Saint-Antoine, Assistance publique-Hôpitaux de Paris, Paris, France.
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Wenxin Granules Influence the TGF β-P38/JNK MAPK Signaling Pathway and Attenuate the Collagen Deposition in the Left Ventricle of Myocardial Infarction Rats. Cardiol Res Pract 2019; 2019:3786024. [PMID: 31915544 PMCID: PMC6930772 DOI: 10.1155/2019/3786024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/11/2019] [Revised: 11/06/2019] [Accepted: 11/14/2019] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Background A large number of proinflammatory/anti-inflammatory cytokines are produced in the extracellular matrix (ECM) after myocardial infarction (MI), and the inflammatory pathways activated by these inflammatory stimuli are involved in the regulation of lesions with excessive accumulation of ECM. Wenxin granules can play a protective role against MI, but the mechanism of its effect on the inflammatory pathway and ECM collagen expression is still unclear. Objective To verify the effect of Wenxin granules on the inflammatory pathway and collagen expression after MI. Method The proximal left anterior descending coronary artery in rats was ligated to induce acute MI. Then, animals were randomly assigned to the model group, the Carvedilol group, and the Wenxin Granules group. In addition, sham operation rats were used as the control group. 10 rats were allocated in each group. Gavage was given once a day for 4 weeks. The changes of cardiac hemodynamics were detected by the catheter method, morphological changes were observed by HE staining, and myocardial tissue collagen volume was counted by Immunohistochemistry combined with Masson staining, and the expression of inflammatory TGFβ-p38/JNK MAPK signal pathway markers was detected by Western blot. Results Wenxin granules could significantly improve the hemodynamics, so that the fibrosis scar was relatively dense and uniform, and the residual myocardium was relatively neat, while Collagen type I and III volume and TGFβ expression levels were lessened. Although there were no differences in the expression of CTGF, p38, and JNK proteins, their phosphorylation levels showed significant differences. Conclusion Wenxin granules can affect the inflammation-related TGFβ-p38/JNK MAPK signaling pathway and change the structural properties of myocardium and scar after MI by attenuated collagen deposition in the left ventricular myocardial tissue to improve cardiac function.
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Antiapoptosis and Antifibrosis Effects of Qishen Granules on Heart Failure Rats via Hippo Pathway. BIOMED RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2019; 2019:1642575. [PMID: 31915683 PMCID: PMC6930732 DOI: 10.1155/2019/1642575] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2019] [Revised: 07/07/2019] [Accepted: 10/15/2019] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Qishen granules (QSG) are a famous formula with cardioprotective properties to heart failure (HF). The aim of this study was to investigate the underlying mechanism of QSG on apoptosis and fibrosis in the treatment of HF. HF model was induced by left anterior descending artery ligation on Sprague-Dawley rats. Transcriptome analysis was used to investigate the regulatory pathways of QSG on HF. Interestingly, downregulated genes of QSG were significantly enriched in Hippo pathway which plays a crucial role in regulating cell apoptosis and proliferation. We found that QSG inhibited the expressions of proapoptotic key proteins P-53 and fibrosis-related proteins TGF-β1, SMAD3, and CTGF. Further, we conducted research on the key proteins in the Hippo pathway upstream of CTGF and P-53. The results showed that MST1, P-MST1, P-LATS1, and RASSF1A that exert proapoptotic function were downregulated after QSG intervention. Similarly, P-YAP and P-TAZ, mediating self-degradation and apoptosis, were both observably decreased after QSG administration. Taken together, QSG are shown to be likely to exert cardioprotective effects by inhibiting the progression of apoptosis and fibrosis through Hippo pathway.
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Abstract
PURPOSE OF REVIEW The purpose of this review is to provide an update on lamin A/C (LMNA)-related cardiomyopathy and discuss the current recommendations and progress in the management of this disease. LMNA-related cardiomyopathy, an inherited autosomal dominant disease, is one of the most common causes of dilated cardiomyopathy and is characterized by steady progression toward heart failure and high risks of arrhythmias and sudden cardiac death. RECENT FINDINGS We discuss recent advances in the understanding of the molecular mechanisms of the disease including altered cell biomechanics, which may represent novel therapeutic targets to advance the current management approach, which relies on standard heart failure recommendations. Future therapeutic approaches include repurposed molecularly directed drugs, siRNA-based gene silencing, and genome editing. LMNA-related cardiomyopathy is the focus of active in vitro and in vivo research, which is expected to generate novel biomarkers and identify new therapeutic targets. LMNA-related cardiomyopathy trials are currently underway.
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Hoffman KA, Reynolds C, Bottazzi ME, Hotez P, Jones K. Improved Biomarker and Imaging Analysis for Characterizing Progressive Cardiac Fibrosis in a Mouse Model of Chronic Chagasic Cardiomyopathy. J Am Heart Assoc 2019; 8:e013365. [PMID: 31718442 PMCID: PMC6915297 DOI: 10.1161/jaha.119.013365] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
Background Chronic chagasic cardiomyopathy (CCC), caused by Trypanosoma cruzi infection, is an important public health problem attributable to progressive cardiomyopathy in patients, for which there is no cure. Chronic chagasic cardiomyopathy is characterized by myocarditis and cardiac fibrosis, which leads to life‐threatening arrhythmogenic and circulatory abnormalities. This study aimed to investigate cardiac fibrosis progression in a mouse model of chronic chagasic cardiomyopathy. Methods and Results Cardiac cells infected with T cruzi produced significantly higher concentrations of transforming growth factor‐β (TGF‐β), connective tissue growth factor, endothelin‐1, and platelet‐derived growth factor‐D than noninfected controls. Female Balb/c mice infected with T cruzi were compared with naïve mice. TGF‐β genes and other TGF‐β superfamily genes, as well as connective tissue growth factor, endothelin‐1, and platelet‐derived growth factor, were upregulated in infected mouse hearts. Serum concentrations of TGF‐β, connective tissue growth factor, and platelet‐derived growth factor‐D were higher in infected mice and correlated with cardiac fibrosis. Strain analysis performed on magnetic resonance images at 111 and 140 days postinfection and echocardiography images at 212 days postinfection revealed significantly elevated left ventricular strain and cardiac fibrosis and concomitantly significantly decreased cardiac output in infected mice. Conclusions TGF‐β, connective tissue growth factor and platelet‐derived growth factor‐D are potentially useful biomarkers of cardiac fibrosis, as they correlate with cardiac fibrosis. Strain analysis allows for use of noninvasive methods to measure fibrosis in the chronic stages of chagasic cardiomyopathy in a mouse model. These findings can be applied as noninvasive tools to study the effects of interventions and/or therapeutics on cardiac fibrosis development when using a mouse model of chronic chagasic cardiomyopathy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kristyn A Hoffman
- Department of Molecular Virology and Microbiology Baylor College of Medicine Houston TX.,Texas Children's Hospital Center for Vaccine Development Houston TX
| | - Corey Reynolds
- Department of Molecular Physiology Baylor College of Medicine Houston TX
| | - Maria Elena Bottazzi
- Department of Molecular Virology and Microbiology Baylor College of Medicine Houston TX.,Department of Pediatrics Section of Tropical Medicine Baylor College of Medicine Houston TX.,Texas Children's Hospital Center for Vaccine Development Houston TX.,Department of Biology Baylor University Waco TX
| | - Peter Hotez
- Department of Molecular Virology and Microbiology Baylor College of Medicine Houston TX.,Department of Pediatrics Section of Tropical Medicine Baylor College of Medicine Houston TX.,Texas Children's Hospital Center for Vaccine Development Houston TX.,Department of Biology Baylor University Waco TX
| | - Kathryn Jones
- Department of Molecular Virology and Microbiology Baylor College of Medicine Houston TX.,Department of Pediatrics Section of Tropical Medicine Baylor College of Medicine Houston TX.,Texas Children's Hospital Center for Vaccine Development Houston TX
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Bernasconi P, Carboni N, Ricci G, Siciliano G, Politano L, Maggi L, Mongini T, Vercelli L, Rodolico C, Biagini E, Boriani G, Ruggiero L, Santoro L, Schena E, Prencipe S, Evangelisti C, Pegoraro E, Morandi L, Columbaro M, Lanzuolo C, Sabatelli P, Cavalcante P, Cappelletti C, Bonne G, Muchir A, Lattanzi G. Elevated TGF β2 serum levels in Emery-Dreifuss Muscular Dystrophy: Implications for myocyte and tenocyte differentiation and fibrogenic processes. Nucleus 2019; 9:292-304. [PMID: 29693488 PMCID: PMC5973167 DOI: 10.1080/19491034.2018.1467722] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Among rare diseases caused by mutations in LMNA gene, Emery-Dreifuss Muscular Dystrophy type 2 and Limb-Girdle muscular Dystrophy 1B are characterized by muscle weakness and wasting, joint contractures, cardiomyopathy with conduction system disorders. Circulating biomarkers for these pathologies have not been identified. Here, we analyzed the secretome of a cohort of patients affected by these muscular laminopathies in the attempt to identify a common signature. Multiplex cytokine assay showed that transforming growth factor beta 2 (TGF β2) and interleukin 17 serum levels are consistently elevated in the vast majority of examined patients, while interleukin 6 and basic fibroblast growth factor are altered in subgroups of patients. Levels of TGF β2 are also increased in fibroblast and myoblast cultures established from patient biopsies as well as in serum from mice bearing the H222P Lmna mutation causing Emery-Dreifuss Muscular Dystrophy in humans. Both patient serum and fibroblast conditioned media activated a TGF β2-dependent fibrogenic program in normal human myoblasts and tenocytes and inhibited myoblast differentiation. Consistent with these results, a TGF β2 neutralizing antibody avoided fibrogenic marker activation and myogenesis impairment. Cell intrinsic TGF β2-dependent mechanisms were also determined in laminopathic cells, where TGF β2 activated AKT/mTOR phosphorylation. These data show that TGF β2 contributes to the pathogenesis of Emery-Dreifuss Muscular Dystrophy type 2 and Limb-Girdle muscular Dystrophy 1B and can be considered a potential biomarker of those diseases. Further, the evidence of TGF β2 pathogenetic effects in tenocytes provides the first mechanistic insight into occurrence of joint contractures in muscular laminopathies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pia Bernasconi
- a Neurology IV - Neuroimmunology and Neuromuscular Diseases Unit , Foundation IRCCS Neurological Institute "Carlo Besta" , Milan , Italy
| | - Nicola Carboni
- b Neurology Department , Hospital San Francesco of Nuoro , Nuoro , Italy
| | - Giulia Ricci
- c Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine , University of Pisa , Pisa , Italy
| | - Gabriele Siciliano
- c Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine , University of Pisa , Pisa , Italy
| | - Luisa Politano
- d Cardiomyology and Medical Genetics, Department of Experimental Medicine , Campania University "Luigi Vanvitelli" (former denomination: Second University of Naples) , Italy
| | - Lorenzo Maggi
- a Neurology IV - Neuroimmunology and Neuromuscular Diseases Unit , Foundation IRCCS Neurological Institute "Carlo Besta" , Milan , Italy
| | - Tiziana Mongini
- e Department of Neurosciences "Rita Levi Montalcini" , University of Turin , Turin , Italy
| | - Liliana Vercelli
- e Department of Neurosciences "Rita Levi Montalcini" , University of Turin , Turin , Italy
| | - Carmelo Rodolico
- f Institute of Applied Sciences and Intelligent Systems "ISASI Edoardo Caianello", National Research Council of Italy , Messina , Italy
| | - Elena Biagini
- g Istituto di Cardiologia, Università di Bologna, Policlinico S.Orsola-Malpighi , Bologna , Italy
| | - Giuseppe Boriani
- h Cardiology Division, Department of Diagnostics , Clinical and Public Health Medicine, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Policlinico di Modena , Modena , Italy
| | - Lucia Ruggiero
- i Department of Neurosciences , Odontostomatological and Reproductive Sciences, University of Naples "Federico II" , Naples , Italy
| | - Lucio Santoro
- i Department of Neurosciences , Odontostomatological and Reproductive Sciences, University of Naples "Federico II" , Naples , Italy
| | - Elisa Schena
- j Institute of Molecular Genetics (IGM)-CNR, Unit of Bologna , Bologna , Italy.,k Laboratory of Musculoskeletal Cell Biology , Rizzoli Orthopaedic Institute , Bologna , Italy
| | - Sabino Prencipe
- j Institute of Molecular Genetics (IGM)-CNR, Unit of Bologna , Bologna , Italy.,k Laboratory of Musculoskeletal Cell Biology , Rizzoli Orthopaedic Institute , Bologna , Italy
| | - Camilla Evangelisti
- j Institute of Molecular Genetics (IGM)-CNR, Unit of Bologna , Bologna , Italy.,k Laboratory of Musculoskeletal Cell Biology , Rizzoli Orthopaedic Institute , Bologna , Italy
| | - Elena Pegoraro
- l Department of Neurosciences , Neuromuscular Center, University of Padova , Padova , Italy
| | - Lucia Morandi
- a Neurology IV - Neuroimmunology and Neuromuscular Diseases Unit , Foundation IRCCS Neurological Institute "Carlo Besta" , Milan , Italy
| | - Marta Columbaro
- k Laboratory of Musculoskeletal Cell Biology , Rizzoli Orthopaedic Institute , Bologna , Italy
| | - Chiara Lanzuolo
- m Istituto Nazionale di Genetica Molecolare "Romeo and Enrica Invernizzi" , Milan , Italy.,n Institute of Cell Biology and Neurobiology, IRCCS Santa Lucia Foundation , Rome , Italy
| | - Patrizia Sabatelli
- j Institute of Molecular Genetics (IGM)-CNR, Unit of Bologna , Bologna , Italy.,k Laboratory of Musculoskeletal Cell Biology , Rizzoli Orthopaedic Institute , Bologna , Italy
| | - Paola Cavalcante
- a Neurology IV - Neuroimmunology and Neuromuscular Diseases Unit , Foundation IRCCS Neurological Institute "Carlo Besta" , Milan , Italy
| | - Cristina Cappelletti
- a Neurology IV - Neuroimmunology and Neuromuscular Diseases Unit , Foundation IRCCS Neurological Institute "Carlo Besta" , Milan , Italy
| | - Gisèle Bonne
- o Sorbonne Universités , UPMC Univ Paris 06, INSERM UMRS974, CNRS FRE3617, Center for Research in Myology, Institut de Myologie, G.H. Pitié Salpêtrière , Paris Cedex 13, France
| | - Antoine Muchir
- o Sorbonne Universités , UPMC Univ Paris 06, INSERM UMRS974, CNRS FRE3617, Center for Research in Myology, Institut de Myologie, G.H. Pitié Salpêtrière , Paris Cedex 13, France
| | - Giovanna Lattanzi
- j Institute of Molecular Genetics (IGM)-CNR, Unit of Bologna , Bologna , Italy.,k Laboratory of Musculoskeletal Cell Biology , Rizzoli Orthopaedic Institute , Bologna , Italy
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Bianchi A, Manti PG, Lucini F, Lanzuolo C. Mechanotransduction, nuclear architecture and epigenetics in Emery Dreifuss Muscular Dystrophy: tous pour un, un pour tous. Nucleus 2019; 9:276-290. [PMID: 29619865 PMCID: PMC5973142 DOI: 10.1080/19491034.2018.1460044] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
The alteration of the several roles that Lamin A/C plays in the mammalian cell leads to a broad spectrum of pathologies that – all together – are named laminopathies. Among those, the Emery Dreifuss Muscular Dystrophy (EDMD) is of particular interest as, despite the several known mutations of Lamin A/C, the genotype–phenotype correlation still remains poorly understood; this suggests that the epigenetic background of patients might play an important role during the time course of the disease. Historically, both a mechanical role of Lamin A/C and a regulative one have been suggested as the driving force of laminopathies; however, those two hypotheses are not mutually exclusive. Recent scientific evidence shows that Lamin A/C sustains the correct gene expression at the epigenetic level thanks to the Lamina Associated Domains (LADs) reorganization and the crosstalk with the Polycomb Group of Proteins (PcG). Furthermore, the PcG-dependent histone mark H3K27me3 increases under mechanical stress, finally pointing out the link between the mechano-properties of the nuclear lamina and epigenetics. Here, we summarize the emerging mechanisms that could explain the high variability seen in Emery Dreifuss muscular dystrophy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrea Bianchi
- a CNR Institute of Cell Biology and Neurobiology, Istituto di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico Fondazione Santa Lucia , Rome , Italy.,b Istituto Nazionale Genetica Molecolare Romeo ed Enrica Invernizzi , Milan , Italy
| | | | - Federica Lucini
- b Istituto Nazionale Genetica Molecolare Romeo ed Enrica Invernizzi , Milan , Italy
| | - Chiara Lanzuolo
- a CNR Institute of Cell Biology and Neurobiology, Istituto di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico Fondazione Santa Lucia , Rome , Italy.,b Istituto Nazionale Genetica Molecolare Romeo ed Enrica Invernizzi , Milan , Italy.,c Istituto di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico Fondazione Santa Lucia , Rome , Italy
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Vigouroux C, Guénantin AC, Vatier C, Capel E, Le Dour C, Afonso P, Bidault G, Béréziat V, Lascols O, Capeau J, Briand N, Jéru I. Lipodystrophic syndromes due to LMNA mutations: recent developments on biomolecular aspects, pathophysiological hypotheses and therapeutic perspectives. Nucleus 2019; 9:235-248. [PMID: 29578370 PMCID: PMC5973242 DOI: 10.1080/19491034.2018.1456217] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Mutations in LMNA, encoding A-type lamins, are responsible for laminopathies including muscular dystrophies, lipodystrophies, and premature ageing syndromes. LMNA mutations have been shown to alter nuclear structure and stiffness, binding to partners at the nuclear envelope or within the nucleoplasm, gene expression and/or prelamin A maturation. LMNA-associated lipodystrophic features, combining generalized or partial fat atrophy and metabolic alterations associated with insulin resistance, could result from altered adipocyte differentiation or from altered fat structure. Recent studies shed some light on how pathogenic A-type lamin variants could trigger lipodystrophy, metabolic complications, and precocious cardiovascular events. Alterations in adipose tissue extracellular matrix and TGF-beta signaling could initiate metabolic inflexibility. Premature senescence of vascular cells could contribute to cardiovascular complications. In affected families, metabolic alterations occur at an earlier age across generations, which could result from epigenetic deregulation induced by LMNA mutations. Novel cellular models recapitulating adipogenic developmental pathways provide scalable tools for disease modeling and therapeutic screening.
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Affiliation(s)
- Corinne Vigouroux
- a Sorbonne Université, Inserm UMR_S 938, Centre de Recherche Saint-Antoine, Institut Hospitalo-Universitaire de Cardio-métabolisme et Nutrition (ICAN) , Paris , France.,b Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris, Hôpital Saint-Antoine, Laboratoire Commun de Biologie et Génétique Moléculaires , Paris , France.,c Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris, Hôpital Saint-Antoine, Centre National de Référence des Pathologies Rares de l'Insulino-Sécrétion et de l'Insulino-Sensibilité (PRISIS), Service d'Endocrinologie, Diabétologie et Endocrinologie de la Reproduction , Paris , France
| | - Anne-Claire Guénantin
- a Sorbonne Université, Inserm UMR_S 938, Centre de Recherche Saint-Antoine, Institut Hospitalo-Universitaire de Cardio-métabolisme et Nutrition (ICAN) , Paris , France.,d Wellcome Trust Sanger Institute, Wellcome Trust Genome Campus , Hinxton , UK
| | - Camille Vatier
- a Sorbonne Université, Inserm UMR_S 938, Centre de Recherche Saint-Antoine, Institut Hospitalo-Universitaire de Cardio-métabolisme et Nutrition (ICAN) , Paris , France.,c Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris, Hôpital Saint-Antoine, Centre National de Référence des Pathologies Rares de l'Insulino-Sécrétion et de l'Insulino-Sensibilité (PRISIS), Service d'Endocrinologie, Diabétologie et Endocrinologie de la Reproduction , Paris , France
| | - Emilie Capel
- a Sorbonne Université, Inserm UMR_S 938, Centre de Recherche Saint-Antoine, Institut Hospitalo-Universitaire de Cardio-métabolisme et Nutrition (ICAN) , Paris , France
| | - Caroline Le Dour
- a Sorbonne Université, Inserm UMR_S 938, Centre de Recherche Saint-Antoine, Institut Hospitalo-Universitaire de Cardio-métabolisme et Nutrition (ICAN) , Paris , France
| | - Pauline Afonso
- a Sorbonne Université, Inserm UMR_S 938, Centre de Recherche Saint-Antoine, Institut Hospitalo-Universitaire de Cardio-métabolisme et Nutrition (ICAN) , Paris , France
| | - Guillaume Bidault
- a Sorbonne Université, Inserm UMR_S 938, Centre de Recherche Saint-Antoine, Institut Hospitalo-Universitaire de Cardio-métabolisme et Nutrition (ICAN) , Paris , France.,e University of Cambridge Metabolic Research Laboratories, Wellcome Trust-MRC Institute of Metabolic Science, Addenbrooke's Hospital , Cambridge CB2 0QQ , UK
| | - Véronique Béréziat
- a Sorbonne Université, Inserm UMR_S 938, Centre de Recherche Saint-Antoine, Institut Hospitalo-Universitaire de Cardio-métabolisme et Nutrition (ICAN) , Paris , France
| | - Olivier Lascols
- a Sorbonne Université, Inserm UMR_S 938, Centre de Recherche Saint-Antoine, Institut Hospitalo-Universitaire de Cardio-métabolisme et Nutrition (ICAN) , Paris , France.,b Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris, Hôpital Saint-Antoine, Laboratoire Commun de Biologie et Génétique Moléculaires , Paris , France
| | - Jacqueline Capeau
- a Sorbonne Université, Inserm UMR_S 938, Centre de Recherche Saint-Antoine, Institut Hospitalo-Universitaire de Cardio-métabolisme et Nutrition (ICAN) , Paris , France
| | - Nolwenn Briand
- a Sorbonne Université, Inserm UMR_S 938, Centre de Recherche Saint-Antoine, Institut Hospitalo-Universitaire de Cardio-métabolisme et Nutrition (ICAN) , Paris , France.,f Department of Molecular Medicine , Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, University of Oslo , Blindern , Oslo , Norway
| | - Isabelle Jéru
- a Sorbonne Université, Inserm UMR_S 938, Centre de Recherche Saint-Antoine, Institut Hospitalo-Universitaire de Cardio-métabolisme et Nutrition (ICAN) , Paris , France.,b Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris, Hôpital Saint-Antoine, Laboratoire Commun de Biologie et Génétique Moléculaires , Paris , France
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Wada E, Kato M, Yamashita K, Kokuba H, Liang WC, Bonne G, Hayashi YK. Deficiency of emerin contributes differently to the pathogenesis of skeletal and cardiac muscles in LmnaH222P/H222P mutant mice. PLoS One 2019; 14:e0221512. [PMID: 31430335 PMCID: PMC6701770 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0221512] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/12/2019] [Accepted: 08/08/2019] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Laminopathies are tissue-selective diseases that affect differently in organ systems. Mutations in nuclear envelopes, emerin (Emd) and lamin A/C (Lmna) genes, cause clinically indistinguishable myopathy called Emery-Dreifuss muscular dystrophy (EDMD) and limb-girdle muscular dystrophy. Several murine models for EDMD have been generated; however, emerin-null (Emd) mice do not show obvious skeletal and cardiac muscle phenotypes, and Lmna H222P/H222P mutant (H222P) mice show only a mild phenotype in skeletal muscle when they already have severe cardiomyopathy. Thus, the underlying molecular mechanism of muscle involvement due to nuclear abnormalities is still unclarified. We generated double mutant (Emd-/-/LmnaH222P/H222P; EH) mice to characterize dystrophic changes and to elucidate interactions between emerin and lamin A/C in skeletal and cardiac muscles. As H222P mice, EH mice grow normally and have breeding productivity. EH mice showed severer muscle involvement compared with that of H222P mice which was an independent of cardiac abnormality at 12 weeks of age. Nuclear abnormalities, reduced muscle fiber size and increased fibrosis were prominent in EH mice. Roles of emerin and lamin A/C in satellite cells function and regeneration of muscle fiber were also evaluated by cardiotoxin-induced muscle injury. Delayed increases in myog and myh3 expression were seen in both H222P and EH mice; however, the expression levels of those genes were similar with control and regenerated muscle fiber size was not different at day 7 after injury. These results indicate that EH mouse is a suitable model for studying skeletal muscle involvement, independent of cardiac function, in laminopathies and an interaction between emerin and lamin A/C in different tissues.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eiji Wada
- Department of Pathophysiology, Tokyo Medical University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Megumi Kato
- Department of Pathophysiology, Tokyo Medical University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Kaori Yamashita
- Department of Pathophysiology, Tokyo Medical University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Hiroko Kokuba
- Institute of Medical Science, Tokyo Medical University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Wen-Chen Liang
- Department of Pediatrics, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
- Department of Pediatrics, School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Gisèle Bonne
- Sorbonne Université, Inserm UMRS 974, Center of Research in Myology, Paris, France
| | - Yukiko K. Hayashi
- Department of Pathophysiology, Tokyo Medical University, Tokyo, Japan
- * E-mail:
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Ankrd2 in Mechanotransduction and Oxidative Stress Response in Skeletal Muscle: New Cues for the Pathogenesis of Muscular Laminopathies. OXIDATIVE MEDICINE AND CELLULAR LONGEVITY 2019; 2019:7318796. [PMID: 31428229 PMCID: PMC6681624 DOI: 10.1155/2019/7318796] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/04/2019] [Revised: 05/02/2019] [Accepted: 05/19/2019] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Ankrd2 (ankyrin repeats containing domain 2) or Arpp (ankyrin repeat, PEST sequence, and proline-rich region) is a member of the muscle ankyrin repeat protein family. Ankrd2 is mostly expressed in skeletal muscle, where it plays an intriguing role in the transcriptional response to stress induced by mechanical stimulation as well as by cellular reactive oxygen species. Our studies in myoblasts from Emery-Dreifuss muscular dystrophy 2, a LMNA-linked disease affecting skeletal and cardiac muscles, demonstrated that Ankrd2 is a lamin A-binding protein and that mutated lamins found in Emery-Dreifuss muscular dystrophy change the dynamics of Ankrd2 nuclear import, thus affecting oxidative stress response. In this review, besides describing the latest advances related to Ankrd2 studies, including novel discoveries on Ankrd2 isoform-specific functions, we report the main findings on the relationship of Ankrd2 with A-type lamins and discuss known and potential mechanisms involving defective Ankrd2-lamin A interplay in the pathogenesis of muscular laminopathies.
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Osmanagic-Myers S, Foisner R. The structural and gene expression hypotheses in laminopathic diseases-not so different after all. Mol Biol Cell 2019; 30:1786-1790. [PMID: 31306095 PMCID: PMC6727745 DOI: 10.1091/mbc.e18-10-0672] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/02/2019] [Revised: 05/09/2019] [Accepted: 05/16/2019] [Indexed: 01/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Laminopathies are a diverse group of rare diseases with various pathologies in different tissues, which are linked to mutations in the LMNA gene. Historically, the structural disease model proposed mechanical defects of the lamina and nuclear fragility, the gene expression model impairment of spatial chromatin organization and signaling pathways as underlying mechanisms leading to the pathologies. Exciting findings in the past few years showing that mechanical forces are directly transmitted into the nucleus, where they affect chromatin organization and mechanoresponsive signaling molecules, have led to a revised concept of an integrative unified disease model, in which lamin-mediated pathways in mechanotransduction and chromatin regulation are highly interconnected and mutually dependent. In this Perspective we highlight breakthrough findings providing new insight into lamin-linked mechanisms of mechanotransduction and chromatin regulation and discuss how a combined and interrelated impairment of these functions by LMNA mutations may impair the complex mechanosignaling network and cause tissue-specific pathologies in laminopathies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Selma Osmanagic-Myers
- Max F. Perutz Laboratories, Center of Medical Biochemistry, Medical University of Vienna, 1030 Vienna, Austria
- Department of Biotechnology, University of Natural Resources and Life Sciences, 1190 Vienna, Austria
| | - Roland Foisner
- Max F. Perutz Laboratories, Center of Medical Biochemistry, Medical University of Vienna, 1030 Vienna, Austria
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Vignier N, Mougenot N, Bonne G, Muchir A. Effect of genetic background on the cardiac phenotype in a mouse model of Emery-Dreifuss muscular dystrophy. Biochem Biophys Rep 2019; 19:100664. [PMID: 31341969 PMCID: PMC6630059 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrep.2019.100664] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/06/2019] [Revised: 06/06/2019] [Accepted: 07/02/2019] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
A-type lamins gene (LMNA) mutations cause an autosomal dominant inherited form of Emery-Dreifuss muscular dystrophy (EDMD). EDMD is characterized by slowly progressive muscle weakness and wasting and dilated cardiomyopathy, often leading to heart failure-related disability. EDMD is highly penetrant with poor prognosis and there is currently no specific therapy available. Clinical variability ranges from early onset with severe presentation in childhood to late onset with slow progression in adulthood. Genetic background is a well-known factor that significantly affects phenotype in several mouse models of human diseases. This phenotypic variability is attributed, at least in part, to genetic modifiers that regulate the disease process. To characterize the phenotype of A-type lamins mutation on different genetic background, we created and phenotyped C57BL/6JRj-LmnaH222P/H222P mice (C57Lmnap.H222P) and compared them with the 129S2/SvPasCrl-LmnaH222P/H222P mice (129Lmnap.H222P). These mouse strains were compared with their respective control strains at multiple time points between 3 and 10 months of age. Both contractile and electrical cardiac muscle functions, as well as survival were characterized. We found that 129Lmnap.H222P mice showed significantly reduced body weight and reduced cardiac function earlier than in the C57Lmnap.H222P mice. We also revealed that only 129Lmnap.H222P mice developed heart arrhythmias. The 129Lmnap.H222P model with an earlier onset and more pronounced cardiac phenotype may be more useful for evaluating therapies that target cardiac muscle function, and heart arrhythmias. Mouse model of Emery-Dreifuss muscular dystrophy generated on 129S2/svPasCrl genetic background have a greater life expectancy. Mouse model of Emery-Dreifuss muscular dystrophy generated on 129S2/svPasCrl genetic background showed exacerbated arrhythmia susceptibility. Mouse model of Emery-Dreifuss muscular dystrophy generated on 129S2/svPasCrl genetic background showed more pronounced dilated cardiomyopathy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nicolas Vignier
- Sorbonne Université, INSERM UMRS974 Centre de Recherche en Myologie, Institut de Myologie, G.H. Pitié Salpêtrière, F-75651, Paris Cedex 13, France
| | - Nathalie Mougenot
- Sorbonne Université, INSERM UMS28 Phénotypage du petit animal, Faculté de Médecine Pierre et Marie Curie, F-75013, Paris, France
| | - Gisèle Bonne
- Sorbonne Université, INSERM UMRS974 Centre de Recherche en Myologie, Institut de Myologie, G.H. Pitié Salpêtrière, F-75651, Paris Cedex 13, France
| | - Antoine Muchir
- Sorbonne Université, INSERM UMRS974 Centre de Recherche en Myologie, Institut de Myologie, G.H. Pitié Salpêtrière, F-75651, Paris Cedex 13, France
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44
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Carne NA, Bell S, Brown AP, Määttä A, Flagler MJ, Benham AM. Reductive Stress Selectively Disrupts Collagen Homeostasis and Modifies Growth Factor-independent Signaling Through the MAPK/Akt Pathway in Human Dermal Fibroblasts. Mol Cell Proteomics 2019; 18:1123-1137. [PMID: 30890563 PMCID: PMC6553930 DOI: 10.1074/mcp.ra118.001140] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2018] [Revised: 03/15/2019] [Indexed: 01/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Redox stress is a well-known contributor to aging and diseases in skin. Reductants such as dithiothreitol (DTT) can trigger a stress response by disrupting disulfide bonds. However, the quantitative response of the cellular proteome to reductants has not been explored, particularly in cells such as fibroblasts that produce extracellular matrix proteins. Here, we have used a robust, unbiased, label-free SWATH-MS proteomic approach to quantitate the response of skin fibroblast cells to DTT in the presence or absence of the growth factor PDGF. Of the 4487 proteins identified, only 42 proteins showed a statistically significant change of 2-fold or more with reductive stress. Our proteomics data show that reductive stress results in the loss of a small subset of reductant-sensitive proteins (including the collagens COL1A1/2 and COL3A1, and the myopathy-associated collagens COL6A1/2/3), and the down-regulation of targets downstream of the MAPK pathway. We show that a reducing environment alters signaling through the PDGF-associated MAPK/Akt pathways, inducing chronic dephosphorylation of ERK1/2 at Thr202/Tyr204 and phosphorylation of Akt at Ser473 in a growth factor-independent manner. Our data highlights collagens as sentinel molecules for redox stress downstream of MAPK/Akt, and identifies intervention points to modulate the redox environment to target skin diseases and conditions associated with erroneous matrix deposition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Naomi A Carne
- From the ‡The Department of Biosciences, Durham University, Stockton Road, Durham, DH1 3LE, UK
| | - Steven Bell
- From the ‡The Department of Biosciences, Durham University, Stockton Road, Durham, DH1 3LE, UK
| | - Adrian P Brown
- From the ‡The Department of Biosciences, Durham University, Stockton Road, Durham, DH1 3LE, UK
| | - Arto Määttä
- From the ‡The Department of Biosciences, Durham University, Stockton Road, Durham, DH1 3LE, UK
| | - Michael J Flagler
- §The Procter & Gamble Company, 8700 Mason Montgomery Road, Mason, OH 45040
| | - Adam M Benham
- From the ‡The Department of Biosciences, Durham University, Stockton Road, Durham, DH1 3LE, UK;
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45
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Pan G, Kou L, Wu Y, Hu Y, Lin X, Guo J, Ren X, Zhang Y. Regulation of lipoprotein-associated phospholipase A2 silencing on myocardial fibrosis in mice with coronary atherosclerosis. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2019; 514:450-455. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2019.04.129] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2019] [Accepted: 04/18/2019] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
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46
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Stewart RM, Rodriguez EC, King MC. Ablation of SUN2-containing LINC complexes drives cardiac hypertrophy without interstitial fibrosis. Mol Biol Cell 2019; 30:1664-1675. [PMID: 31091167 PMCID: PMC6727752 DOI: 10.1091/mbc.e18-07-0438] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
The cardiomyocyte cytoskeleton, including the sarcomeric contractile apparatus, forms a cohesive network with cellular adhesions at the plasma membrane and nuclear--cytoskeletal linkages (LINC complexes) at the nuclear envelope. Human cardiomyopathies are genetically linked to the LINC complex and A-type lamins, but a full understanding of disease etiology in these patients is lacking. Here we show that SUN2-null mice display cardiac hypertrophy coincident with enhanced AKT/MAPK signaling, as has been described previously for mice lacking A-type lamins. Surprisingly, in contrast to lamin A/C-null mice, SUN2-null mice fail to show coincident fibrosis or upregulation of pathological hypertrophy markers. Thus, cardiac hypertrophy is uncoupled from profibrotic signaling in this mouse model, which we tie to a requirement for the LINC complex in productive TGFβ signaling. In the absence of SUN2, we detect elevated levels of the integral inner nuclear membrane protein MAN1, an established negative regulator of TGFβ signaling, at the nuclear envelope. We suggest that A-type lamins and SUN2 play antagonistic roles in the modulation of profibrotic signaling through opposite effects on MAN1 levels at the nuclear lamina, suggesting a new perspective on disease etiology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rachel M Stewart
- Department of Cell Biology, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT 06520-8002
| | - Elisa C Rodriguez
- Department of Cell Biology, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT 06520-8002
| | - Megan C King
- Department of Cell Biology, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT 06520-8002
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47
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Rodriguez BM, Khouzami L, Decostre V, Varnous S, Pekovic-Vaughan V, Hutchison CJ, Pecker F, Bonne G, Muchir A. N-acetyl cysteine alleviates oxidative stress and protects mice from dilated cardiomyopathy caused by mutations in nuclear A-type lamins gene. Hum Mol Genet 2019; 27:3353-3360. [PMID: 29982513 DOI: 10.1093/hmg/ddy243] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2018] [Accepted: 06/26/2018] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Cardiomyopathy caused by lamin A/C gene (LMNA) mutations (hereafter referred as LMNA cardiomyopathy) is an anatomic and pathologic condition associated with muscular and electrical dysfunction of the heart, often leading to heart failure-related disability. There is currently no specific therapy available for patients that target the molecular pathophysiology of LMNA cardiomyopathy. We showed here an increase in oxidative stress levels in the hearts of mice carrying LMNA mutation, associated with a decrease of the key cellular antioxidant glutathione (GHS). Oral administration of N-acetyl cysteine, a GHS precursor, led to a marked improvement of GHS content, a decrease in oxidative stress markers including protein carbonyls and an improvement of left ventricular structure and function in a model of LMNA cardiomyopathy. Collectively, our novel results provide therapeutic insights into LMNA cardiomyopathy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Blanca Morales Rodriguez
- Sorbonne Université, UPMC Paris 06, INSERM UMRS974, Center of Research in Myology, Institut de Myologie, Paris, France.,Sanofi R&D, Chilly-Mazarin, France
| | - Lara Khouzami
- Université Paris Est Créteil, Inserm UMRS 955, IMRB, Créteil, France
| | - Valérie Decostre
- Sorbonne Université, UPMC Paris 06, INSERM UMRS974, Center of Research in Myology, Institut de Myologie, Paris, France
| | - Shaida Varnous
- Sorbonne Université, UPMC Paris 06, INSERM UMRS974, Center of Research in Myology, Institut de Myologie, Paris, France
| | - Vanja Pekovic-Vaughan
- Institute of Ageing and Chronic Disease, William Henry Duncan Building, University of Liverpool, UK
| | | | - Françoise Pecker
- Université Paris Est Créteil, Inserm UMRS 955, IMRB, Créteil, France
| | - Gisèle Bonne
- Sorbonne Université, UPMC Paris 06, INSERM UMRS974, Center of Research in Myology, Institut de Myologie, Paris, France
| | - Antoine Muchir
- Sorbonne Université, UPMC Paris 06, INSERM UMRS974, Center of Research in Myology, Institut de Myologie, Paris, France
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48
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Vainio LE, Szabó Z, Lin R, Ulvila J, Yrjölä R, Alakoski T, Piuhola J, Koch WJ, Ruskoaho H, Fouse SD, Seeley TW, Gao E, Signore P, Lipson KE, Magga J, Kerkelä R. Connective Tissue Growth Factor Inhibition Enhances Cardiac Repair and Limits Fibrosis After Myocardial Infarction. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2019; 4:83-94. [PMID: 30847422 PMCID: PMC6390503 DOI: 10.1016/j.jacbts.2018.10.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2018] [Revised: 10/22/2018] [Accepted: 10/23/2018] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Myocardial infarction (MI)-induced cardiac fibrosis attenuates cardiac contractile function, and predisposes to arrhythmias and sudden cardiac death. Expression of connective tissue growth factor (CTGF) is elevated in affected organs in virtually every fibrotic disorder and in the diseased human myocardium. Mice were subjected to treatment with a CTGF monoclonal antibody (mAb) during infarct repair, post-MI left ventricular (LV) remodeling, or acute ischemia-reperfusion injury. CTGF mAb therapy during infarct repair improved survival and reduced LV dysfunction, and reduced post-MI LV hypertrophy and fibrosis. Mechanistically, CTGF mAb therapy induced expression of cardiac developmental and/or repair genes and attenuated expression of inflammatory and/or fibrotic genes.
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Key Words
- CTGF, connective tissue growth factor
- ECM, extracellular matrix
- ERK, extracellular signal-regulated kinase
- FB, fibroblast
- HF, heart failure
- I/R, ischemia−reperfusion
- Ig, immunoglobulin
- JNK, c-Jun N-terminal kinase
- LV, left ventricular
- MI, myocardial infarction
- TGF, transforming growth factor
- connective tissue growth factor monoclonal antibody
- fibrosis
- heart failure
- ischemia−reperfusion injury
- left ventricle
- mAb, monoclonal antibody
- myocardial infarction
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Affiliation(s)
- Laura E Vainio
- Research Unit of Biomedicine, Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland.,Biocenter Oulu, University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland
| | - Zoltán Szabó
- Research Unit of Biomedicine, Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland.,Biocenter Oulu, University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland
| | - Ruizhu Lin
- Research Unit of Biomedicine, Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland
| | - Johanna Ulvila
- Research Unit of Biomedicine, Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland
| | - Raisa Yrjölä
- Research Unit of Biomedicine, Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland
| | - Tarja Alakoski
- Research Unit of Biomedicine, Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland.,Biocenter Oulu, University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland
| | - Jarkko Piuhola
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine, Oulu University Hospital and University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland
| | - Walter J Koch
- Center for Translational Medicine, Lewis Katz School of Medicine, Temple University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
| | - Heikki Ruskoaho
- Division of Pharmacology and Pharmacotherapy, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | | | | | - Erhe Gao
- Center for Translational Medicine, Lewis Katz School of Medicine, Temple University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
| | | | | | - Johanna Magga
- Research Unit of Biomedicine, Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland.,Biocenter Oulu, University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland
| | - Risto Kerkelä
- Research Unit of Biomedicine, Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland.,Medical Research Center Oulu, Oulu University Hospital and University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland
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49
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Choi JC, Wu W, Phillips E, Plevin R, Sera F, Homma S, Worman HJ. Elevated dual specificity protein phosphatase 4 in cardiomyopathy caused by lamin A/C gene mutation is primarily ERK1/2-dependent and its depletion improves cardiac function and survival. Hum Mol Genet 2019; 27:2290-2305. [PMID: 29668927 DOI: 10.1093/hmg/ddy134] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/22/2018] [Accepted: 04/09/2018] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Mutations in the lamin A/C gene (LMNA) encoding the nuclear intermediate filament proteins lamins A and C cause a group of tissue-selective diseases, the most common of which is dilated cardiomyopathy (herein referred to as LMNA cardiomyopathy) with variable skeletal muscle involvement. We previously showed that cardiomyocyte-specific overexpression of dual specificity protein phosphatase 4 (DUSP4) is involved in the pathogenesis of LMNA cardiomyopathy. However, how mutations in LMNA activate Dusp4 expression and whether it is necessary for the development of LMNA cardiomyopathy are currently unknown. We now show that female LmnaH222P/H222P mice, a model for LMNA cardiomyopathy, have increased Dusp4 expression and hyperactivation of extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK) 1/2 with delayed kinetics relative to male mice, consistent with the sex-dependent delay in the onset and progression of disease. Mechanistically, we show that the H222P amino acid substitution in lamin A enhances its binding to ERK1/2 and increases sequestration at the nuclear envelope. Finally, we show that genetic deletion of Dusp4 has beneficial effects on heart function and prolongs survival in LmnaH222P/H222P mice. These results further establish Dusp4 as a key contributor to the pathogenesis of LMNA cardiomyopathy and a potential target for drug therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jason C Choi
- Department of Medicine, Center for Translational Medicine, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, PA 19107, USA
| | - Wei Wu
- Department of Medicine, Vagelos College of Physicians and Surgeons, Columbia University, New York, NY 10032, USA.,Department of Pathology and Cell Biology, Vagelos College of Physicians and Surgeons, Columbia University, New York, NY 10032, USA
| | - Elizabeth Phillips
- Department of Medicine, Center for Translational Medicine, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, PA 19107, USA
| | - Robin Plevin
- Strathclyde Institute of Pharmacy and Biomedical Sciences, University of Strathclyde, Glasgow G4 0RE, UK
| | - Fusako Sera
- Department of Medicine, Vagelos College of Physicians and Surgeons, Columbia University, New York, NY 10032, USA
| | - Shunichi Homma
- Department of Medicine, Vagelos College of Physicians and Surgeons, Columbia University, New York, NY 10032, USA
| | - Howard J Worman
- Department of Medicine, Vagelos College of Physicians and Surgeons, Columbia University, New York, NY 10032, USA.,Department of Pathology and Cell Biology, Vagelos College of Physicians and Surgeons, Columbia University, New York, NY 10032, USA
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50
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The Cutting Edge: The Role of mTOR Signaling in Laminopathies. Int J Mol Sci 2019; 20:ijms20040847. [PMID: 30781376 PMCID: PMC6412338 DOI: 10.3390/ijms20040847] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/21/2019] [Revised: 02/11/2019] [Accepted: 02/12/2019] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
The mechanistic target of rapamycin (mTOR) is a ubiquitous serine/threonine kinase that regulates anabolic and catabolic processes, in response to environmental inputs. The existence of mTOR in numerous cell compartments explains its specific ability to sense stress, execute growth signals, and regulate autophagy. mTOR signaling deregulation is closely related to aging and age-related disorders, among which progeroid laminopathies represent genetically characterized clinical entities with well-defined phenotypes. These diseases are caused by LMNA mutations and feature altered bone turnover, metabolic dysregulation, and mild to severe segmental progeria. Different LMNA mutations cause muscular, adipose tissue and nerve pathologies in the absence of major systemic involvement. This review explores recent advances on mTOR involvement in progeroid and tissue-specific laminopathies. Indeed, hyper-activation of protein kinase B (AKT)/mTOR signaling has been demonstrated in muscular laminopathies, and rescue of mTOR-regulated pathways increases lifespan in animal models of Emery-Dreifuss muscular dystrophy. Further, rapamycin, the best known mTOR inhibitor, has been used to elicit autophagy and degradation of mutated lamin A or progerin in progeroid cells. This review focuses on mTOR-dependent pathogenetic events identified in Emery-Dreifuss muscular dystrophy, LMNA-related cardiomyopathies, Hutchinson-Gilford Progeria, mandibuloacral dysplasia, and type 2 familial partial lipodystrophy. Pharmacological application of mTOR inhibitors in view of therapeutic strategies is also discussed.
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