1
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Schena E, Mattioli E, Peres C, Zanotti L, Morselli P, Iozzo P, Guzzardi MA, Bernardini C, Forni M, Nesci S, Caprio M, Cecchetti C, Pagotto U, Gabusi E, Cattini L, Lisignoli G, Blalock W, Gambineri A, Lattanzi G. Mineralocorticoid Receptor Antagonism Prevents Type 2 Familial Partial Lipodystrophy Brown Adipocyte Dysfunction. Cells 2023; 12:2586. [PMID: 37998321 PMCID: PMC10670260 DOI: 10.3390/cells12222586] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2023] [Revised: 10/29/2023] [Accepted: 11/02/2023] [Indexed: 11/25/2023] Open
Abstract
Type-2 Familial Partial Lipodystrophy (FPLD2), a rare lipodystrophy caused by LMNA mutations, is characterized by a loss of subcutaneous fat from the trunk and limbs and excess accumulation of adipose tissue in the neck and face. Several studies have reported that the mineralocorticoid receptor (MR) plays an essential role in adipose tissue differentiation and functionality. We previously showed that brown preadipocytes isolated from a FPLD2 patient's neck aberrantly differentiate towards the white lineage. As this condition may be related to MR activation, we suspected altered MR dynamics in FPLD2. Despite cytoplasmic MR localization in control brown adipocytes, retention of MR was observed in FPLD2 brown adipocyte nuclei. Moreover, overexpression of wild-type or mutated prelamin A caused GFP-MR recruitment to the nuclear envelope in HEK293 cells, while drug-induced prelamin A co-localized with endogenous MR in human preadipocytes. Based on in silico analysis and in situ protein ligation assays, we could suggest an interaction between prelamin A and MR, which appears to be inhibited by mineralocorticoid receptor antagonism. Importantly, the MR antagonist spironolactone redirected FPLD2 preadipocyte differentiation towards the brown lineage, avoiding the formation of enlarged and dysmorphic lipid droplets. Finally, beneficial effects on brown adipose tissue activity were observed in an FPLD2 patient undergoing spironolactone treatment. These findings identify MR as a new lamin A interactor and a new player in lamin A-linked lipodystrophies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elisa Schena
- Unit of Bologna, CNR—National Research Council of Italy, Institute of Molecular Genetics “Luigi Luca Cavalli-Sforza”, 40136 Bologna, Italy; (E.S.); (E.M.); (C.P.); (W.B.)
- IRCCS Istituto Ortopedico Rizzoli, 40136 Bologna, Italy
| | - Elisabetta Mattioli
- Unit of Bologna, CNR—National Research Council of Italy, Institute of Molecular Genetics “Luigi Luca Cavalli-Sforza”, 40136 Bologna, Italy; (E.S.); (E.M.); (C.P.); (W.B.)
- IRCCS Istituto Ortopedico Rizzoli, 40136 Bologna, Italy
| | - Chiara Peres
- Unit of Bologna, CNR—National Research Council of Italy, Institute of Molecular Genetics “Luigi Luca Cavalli-Sforza”, 40136 Bologna, Italy; (E.S.); (E.M.); (C.P.); (W.B.)
- IRCCS Istituto Ortopedico Rizzoli, 40136 Bologna, Italy
| | - Laura Zanotti
- Unit of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Division of Endocrinology and Diabetes Prevention and Care, IRCCS Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria di Bologna, 40138 Bologna, Italy; (L.Z.); (C.C.); (U.P.); (A.G.)
- Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences (DIMEC), Alma Mater Studiorum University of Bologna, 40126 Bologna, Italy;
| | - Paolo Morselli
- Plastic Surgery Unit, Department of Specialised, Experimental and Diagnostic Medicine, Alma Mater Studiorum University of Bologna, S. Orsola-Malpighi Hospital, 40126 Bologna, Italy;
| | - Patricia Iozzo
- CNR—National Research Council of Italy, Institute of Clinical Physiology, 56124 Pisa, Italy; (P.I.); (M.A.G.)
| | - Maria Angela Guzzardi
- CNR—National Research Council of Italy, Institute of Clinical Physiology, 56124 Pisa, Italy; (P.I.); (M.A.G.)
| | - Chiara Bernardini
- Department of Veterinary Medical Sciences, University of Bologna, 40064 Ozzano Emilia, Italy; (C.B.); (S.N.)
| | - Monica Forni
- Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences (DIMEC), Alma Mater Studiorum University of Bologna, 40126 Bologna, Italy;
| | - Salvatore Nesci
- Department of Veterinary Medical Sciences, University of Bologna, 40064 Ozzano Emilia, Italy; (C.B.); (S.N.)
| | - Massimiliano Caprio
- Laboratory of Cardiovascular Endocrinology, IRCCS San Raffaele, 00163 Rome, Italy;
- Department of Human Sciences and Promotion of the Quality of Life, San Raffaele Roma Open University, 00166 Rome, Italy
| | - Carolina Cecchetti
- Unit of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Division of Endocrinology and Diabetes Prevention and Care, IRCCS Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria di Bologna, 40138 Bologna, Italy; (L.Z.); (C.C.); (U.P.); (A.G.)
- Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences (DIMEC), Alma Mater Studiorum University of Bologna, 40126 Bologna, Italy;
| | - Uberto Pagotto
- Unit of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Division of Endocrinology and Diabetes Prevention and Care, IRCCS Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria di Bologna, 40138 Bologna, Italy; (L.Z.); (C.C.); (U.P.); (A.G.)
- Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences (DIMEC), Alma Mater Studiorum University of Bologna, 40126 Bologna, Italy;
| | - Elena Gabusi
- SC Laboratorio di Immunoreumatologia e Rigenerazione Tissutale, IRCCS Istituto Ortopedico Rizzoli, 40136 Bologna, Italy; (E.G.); (L.C.); (G.L.)
| | - Luca Cattini
- SC Laboratorio di Immunoreumatologia e Rigenerazione Tissutale, IRCCS Istituto Ortopedico Rizzoli, 40136 Bologna, Italy; (E.G.); (L.C.); (G.L.)
| | - Gina Lisignoli
- SC Laboratorio di Immunoreumatologia e Rigenerazione Tissutale, IRCCS Istituto Ortopedico Rizzoli, 40136 Bologna, Italy; (E.G.); (L.C.); (G.L.)
| | - William Blalock
- Unit of Bologna, CNR—National Research Council of Italy, Institute of Molecular Genetics “Luigi Luca Cavalli-Sforza”, 40136 Bologna, Italy; (E.S.); (E.M.); (C.P.); (W.B.)
- IRCCS Istituto Ortopedico Rizzoli, 40136 Bologna, Italy
| | - Alessandra Gambineri
- Unit of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Division of Endocrinology and Diabetes Prevention and Care, IRCCS Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria di Bologna, 40138 Bologna, Italy; (L.Z.); (C.C.); (U.P.); (A.G.)
- Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences (DIMEC), Alma Mater Studiorum University of Bologna, 40126 Bologna, Italy;
| | - Giovanna Lattanzi
- Unit of Bologna, CNR—National Research Council of Italy, Institute of Molecular Genetics “Luigi Luca Cavalli-Sforza”, 40136 Bologna, Italy; (E.S.); (E.M.); (C.P.); (W.B.)
- IRCCS Istituto Ortopedico Rizzoli, 40136 Bologna, Italy
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2
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Hartinger R, Lederer EM, Schena E, Lattanzi G, Djabali K. Impact of Combined Baricitinib and FTI Treatment on Adipogenesis in Hutchinson-Gilford Progeria Syndrome and Other Lipodystrophic Laminopathies. Cells 2023; 12:1350. [PMID: 37408186 DOI: 10.3390/cells12101350] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/03/2023] [Revised: 04/27/2023] [Accepted: 05/04/2023] [Indexed: 07/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Hutchinson-Gilford progeria syndrome (HGPS) is a rare genetic disease that causes premature aging symptoms, such as vascular diseases, lipodystrophy, loss of bone mineral density, and alopecia. HGPS is mostly linked to a heterozygous and de novo mutation in the LMNA gene (c.1824 C > T; p.G608G), resulting in the production of a truncated prelamin A protein called "progerin". Progerin accumulation causes nuclear dysfunction, premature senescence, and apoptosis. Here, we examined the effects of baricitinib (Bar), an FDA-approved JAK/STAT inhibitor, and a combination of Bar and lonafarnib (FTI) treatment on adipogenesis using skin-derived precursors (SKPs). We analyzed the effect of these treatments on the differentiation potential of SKPs isolated from pre-established human primary fibroblast cultures. Compared to mock-treated HGPS SKPs, Bar and Bar + FTI treatments improved the differentiation of HGPS SKPs into adipocytes and lipid droplet formation. Similarly, Bar and Bar + FTI treatments improved the differentiation of SKPs derived from patients with two other lipodystrophic diseases: familial partial lipodystrophy type 2 (FPLD2) and mandibuloacral dysplasia type B (MADB). Overall, the results show that Bar treatment improves adipogenesis and lipid droplet formation in HGPS, FPLD2, and MADB, indicating that Bar + FTI treatment might further ameliorate HGPS pathologies compared to lonafarnib treatment alone.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ramona Hartinger
- Epigenetics of Aging, Department of Dermatology and Allergy, TUM School of Medicine, Munich Institute of Biomedical Engineering (MIBE), Technical University of Munich (TUM), 85748 Garching, Germany
| | - Eva-Maria Lederer
- Epigenetics of Aging, Department of Dermatology and Allergy, TUM School of Medicine, Munich Institute of Biomedical Engineering (MIBE), Technical University of Munich (TUM), 85748 Garching, Germany
| | - Elisa Schena
- Unit of Bologna, CNR Institute of Molecular Genetics "Luigi Luca Cavalli-Sforza", 40136 Bologna, Italy
- IRCCS Istituto Ortopedico Rizzoli, 40136 Bologna, Italy
| | - Giovanna Lattanzi
- Unit of Bologna, CNR Institute of Molecular Genetics "Luigi Luca Cavalli-Sforza", 40136 Bologna, Italy
- IRCCS Istituto Ortopedico Rizzoli, 40136 Bologna, Italy
| | - Karima Djabali
- Epigenetics of Aging, Department of Dermatology and Allergy, TUM School of Medicine, Munich Institute of Biomedical Engineering (MIBE), Technical University of Munich (TUM), 85748 Garching, Germany
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Capanni C, Schena E, Di Giampietro ML, Montecucco A, Mattioli E, Lattanzi G. The role of prelamin A post-translational maturation in stress response and 53BP1 recruitment. Front Cell Dev Biol 2022; 10:1018102. [PMID: 36467410 PMCID: PMC9709412 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2022.1018102] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/12/2022] [Accepted: 10/24/2022] [Indexed: 11/25/2023] Open
Abstract
Lamin A is a main constituent of the nuclear lamina and contributes to nuclear shaping, mechano-signaling transduction and gene regulation, thus affecting major cellular processes such as cell cycle progression and entry into senescence, cellular differentiation and stress response. The role of lamin A in stress response is particularly intriguing, yet not fully elucidated, and involves prelamin A post-translational processing. Here, we propose prelamin A as the tool that allows lamin A plasticity during oxidative stress response and permits timely 53BP1 recruitment to DNA damage foci. We show that while PCNA ubiquitination, p21 decrease and H2AX phosphorylation occur soon after stress induction in the absence of prelamin A, accumulation of non-farnesylated prelamin A follows and triggers recruitment of 53BP1 to lamin A/C complexes. Then, the following prelamin A processing steps causing transient accumulation of farnesylated prelamin A and maturation to lamin A reduce lamin A affinity for 53BP1 and favor its release and localization to DNA damage sites. Consistent with these observations, accumulation of prelamin A forms in cells under basal conditions impairs histone H2AX phosphorylation, PCNA ubiquitination and p21 degradation, thus affecting the early stages of stress response. As a whole, our results are consistent with a physiological function of prelamin A modulation during stress response aimed at timely recruitment/release of 53BP1 and other molecules required for DNA damage repair. In this context, it becomes more obvious how farnesylated prelamin A accumulation to toxic levels alters timing of DNA damage signaling and 53BP1 recruitment, thus contributing to cellular senescence and accelerated organismal aging as observed in progeroid laminopathies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cristina Capanni
- CNR Institute of Molecular Genetics “Luigi Luca Cavalli-Sforza”, Unit of Bologna, Bologna, Italy
- IRCCS Rizzoli Orthopedic Institute, Bologna, Italy
| | - Elisa Schena
- CNR Institute of Molecular Genetics “Luigi Luca Cavalli-Sforza”, Unit of Bologna, Bologna, Italy
- IRCCS Rizzoli Orthopedic Institute, Bologna, Italy
| | | | | | - Elisabetta Mattioli
- CNR Institute of Molecular Genetics “Luigi Luca Cavalli-Sforza”, Unit of Bologna, Bologna, Italy
- IRCCS Rizzoli Orthopedic Institute, Bologna, Italy
| | - Giovanna Lattanzi
- CNR Institute of Molecular Genetics “Luigi Luca Cavalli-Sforza”, Unit of Bologna, Bologna, Italy
- IRCCS Rizzoli Orthopedic Institute, Bologna, Italy
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Zaltieri M, Presti DL, Bravi M, Caponero MA, Sterzi S, Schena E, Massaroni C. Assessment of a Multi-Sensor FBG-based Wearable System in Sitting Postures Recognition and Respiratory Rate Evaluation of Office Workers. IEEE Trans Biomed Eng 2022; 70:1673-1682. [PMID: 37079397 DOI: 10.1109/tbme.2022.3225065] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Due to prolonged incorrect sitting posture, upper body musculoskeletal disorders (UBMDs) are largely widespread among sedentary workers. Monitoring employees' sitting behaviors could be of great help in minimizing UBMDs' occurrence. In addition, being primarily influenced by psycho-physical stress conditions, respiratory rate (RR) would be a further useful parameter to delineate the workers' state of health. Wearable systems have emerged as a viable option for sitting posture and RR monitoring since enable continuous data collecting with no posture disturbances. Nevertheless, the main limits are poor fit, cumbersomeness, and movement restriction resulting in discomfort for the user. In addition, only few wearable solutions can track both these parameters contextually. To address these problems, in this study a flexible wearable system composed of seven modular sensing elements based on fiber Bragg grating (FBG) technology and designed to be worn on the back has been proposed to recognize the most common sitting postures (i.e., kyphotic, upright and lordotic) and estimate RR. The assessment was performed on ten volunteers showing good performances in postures recognition via Naïve Bayes classificator (accuracy >96.9%) and agreement with the benchmark in RR estimation (MAPE ranging between 0.74% and 3.83%, MODs close to zero, and LOAs between 0.76 bpm and 3.63 bpm). The method was then successfully tested on three additional subjects under different breathing conditions. The wearable system could offer great support for a better understanding of the workers' posture attitudes and contribute to gathering RR information to depict an overall picture of the users' state of health.
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Affiliation(s)
- M. Zaltieri
- Department of Engineering, Università Campus Bio-Medico di Roma, Rome, Italy
| | - D. Lo Presti
- Department of Engineering, Università Campus Bio-Medico di Roma, Rome, Italy
| | - M. Bravi
- Unit of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation of Policlinico Universitario Campus Bio-Medico di Roma, Roma, Italy
| | | | - S. Sterzi
- Unit of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation of Policlinico Universitario Campus Bio-Medico di Roma, Roma, Italy
| | - E. Schena
- Department of Engineering, Università Campus Bio-Medico di Roma, Rome, Italy
| | - C. Massaroni
- Department of Engineering, Università Campus Bio-Medico di Roma, Rome, Italy
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Squarzoni S, Schena E, Sabatelli P, Mattioli E, Capanni C, Cenni V, D'Apice MR, Andrenacci D, Sarli G, Pellegrino V, Festa A, Baruffaldi F, Storci G, Bonafè M, Barboni C, Sanapo M, Zaghini A, Lattanzi G. Interleukin-6 neutralization ameliorates symptoms in prematurely aged mice. Aging Cell 2021; 20:e13285. [PMID: 33393189 PMCID: PMC7811841 DOI: 10.1111/acel.13285] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/21/2020] [Revised: 10/23/2020] [Accepted: 11/14/2020] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Hutchinson-Gilford progeria syndrome (HGPS) causes premature aging in children, with adipose tissue, skin and bone deterioration, and cardiovascular impairment. In HGPS cells and mouse models, high levels of interleukin-6, an inflammatory cytokine linked to aging processes, have been detected. Here, we show that inhibition of interleukin-6 activity by tocilizumab, a neutralizing antibody raised against interleukin-6 receptors, counteracts progeroid features in both HGPS fibroblasts and LmnaG609G / G609G progeroid mice. Tocilizumab treatment limits the accumulation of progerin, the toxic protein produced in HGPS cells, rescues nuclear envelope and chromatin abnormalities, and attenuates the hyperactivated DNA damage response. In vivo administration of tocilizumab reduces aortic lesions and adipose tissue dystrophy, delays the onset of lipodystrophy and kyphosis, avoids motor impairment, and preserves a good quality of life in progeroid mice. This work identifies tocilizumab as a valuable tool in HGPS therapy and, speculatively, in the treatment of a variety of aging-related disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stefano Squarzoni
- CNR Institute of Molecular Genetics “Luigi Luca Cavalli‐Sforza” Unit of Bologna Bologna Italy
- IRCCS Istituto Ortopedico Rizzoli Bologna Italy
| | - Elisa Schena
- CNR Institute of Molecular Genetics “Luigi Luca Cavalli‐Sforza” Unit of Bologna Bologna Italy
- IRCCS Istituto Ortopedico Rizzoli Bologna Italy
| | - Patrizia Sabatelli
- CNR Institute of Molecular Genetics “Luigi Luca Cavalli‐Sforza” Unit of Bologna Bologna Italy
- IRCCS Istituto Ortopedico Rizzoli Bologna Italy
| | - Elisabetta Mattioli
- CNR Institute of Molecular Genetics “Luigi Luca Cavalli‐Sforza” Unit of Bologna Bologna Italy
- IRCCS Istituto Ortopedico Rizzoli Bologna Italy
| | - Cristina Capanni
- CNR Institute of Molecular Genetics “Luigi Luca Cavalli‐Sforza” Unit of Bologna Bologna Italy
- IRCCS Istituto Ortopedico Rizzoli Bologna Italy
| | - Vittoria Cenni
- CNR Institute of Molecular Genetics “Luigi Luca Cavalli‐Sforza” Unit of Bologna Bologna Italy
- IRCCS Istituto Ortopedico Rizzoli Bologna Italy
| | | | - Davide Andrenacci
- CNR Institute of Molecular Genetics “Luigi Luca Cavalli‐Sforza” Unit of Bologna Bologna Italy
- IRCCS Istituto Ortopedico Rizzoli Bologna Italy
| | - Giuseppe Sarli
- Department of Veterinary Medical Sciences University of Bologna Bologna Italy
| | - Valeria Pellegrino
- Department of Veterinary Medical Sciences University of Bologna Bologna Italy
| | - Anna Festa
- Laboratory of Medical Technology IRCCS Istituto Ortopedico Rizzoli Bologna Italy
| | - Fabio Baruffaldi
- Laboratory of Medical Technology IRCCS Istituto Ortopedico Rizzoli Bologna Italy
| | - Gianluca Storci
- Department of Experimental, Diagnostic and Specialty Medicine University of Bologna Bologna Italy
| | - Massimiliano Bonafè
- Department of Experimental, Diagnostic and Specialty Medicine University of Bologna Bologna Italy
| | - Catia Barboni
- Department of Veterinary Medical Sciences University of Bologna Bologna Italy
| | - Mara Sanapo
- Department of Veterinary Medical Sciences University of Bologna Bologna Italy
| | - Anna Zaghini
- Department of Veterinary Medical Sciences University of Bologna Bologna Italy
| | - Giovanna Lattanzi
- CNR Institute of Molecular Genetics “Luigi Luca Cavalli‐Sforza” Unit of Bologna Bologna Italy
- IRCCS Istituto Ortopedico Rizzoli Bologna Italy
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Miccinilli S, Schena E, Massaroni C, Bravi M, Campiglia F, Santacaterina F, Foti C, Bressi F, Sterzi S. Use of wearable systems for the detection of chest-abdominal wall movement aimed at respiratory monitoring in sport: a scoping review on available data. J BIOL REG HOMEOS AG 2020; 34:87-96. Technology in Medicine. [PMID: 33386038] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
There is a significant request for wearable systems for vital signs and athletic performance monitoring during sport practice, both in professional and non-professional fields. Respiratory rate is a rather neglected parameter in this field, but several studies show that it is a strong marker of physical exertion. The aim of the present scoping review is to evaluate the number and kind of existing studies on wearable technologies for the analysis of the chest wall movement for respiratory monitoring in sport and fitness. The review included studies investigating the use of contact-based wearable techniques for the detection of chest wall movement for respiratory monitoring during professional or amateur sport, during fitness and physical activity. The search was conducted on PubMed/Medline, Scopus and Google Scholar electronic databases using keywords. Data extracted were entered into a Microsoft Excel spreadsheet by the leading author and then double-checked by the second author. A total of 25 descriptive studies met the inclusion criteria. Few studies on small number of athletes were found, technologies were often evaluated without a reference system, data on participants are sometimes missing. To date, we are not able to draw conclusions on which is the best and most reliable device to use during sport practice.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Miccinilli
- Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation Department, Campus Bio-Medico University of Rome, Italy
- PhD Student in Research Doctorate in Tissue Engineering and Remodeling Biotechnologies For Body Function, Tor Vergata University, Rome, Italy
| | - E Schena
- Unit of Measurements and Biomedical Instrumentation, Department of Engineering, Campus Bio-Medico University, Rome, Italy
| | - C Massaroni
- Unit of Measurements and Biomedical Instrumentation, Department of Engineering, Campus Bio-Medico University, Rome, Italy
| | - M Bravi
- Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation Department, Campus Bio-Medico University of Rome, Italy
| | - F Campiglia
- Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation Department, Campus Bio-Medico University of Rome, Italy
| | - F Santacaterina
- Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation Department, Campus Bio-Medico University of Rome, Italy
| | - C Foti
- Clinical Sciences and Translational Medicine Department; Research Doctorate in Tissue Engineering And Remodeling Biotechnologies For Body Function, Tor Vergata University, Rome, Italy
| | - F Bressi
- Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation Department, Campus Bio-Medico University of Rome, Italy
| | - S Sterzi
- Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation Department, Campus Bio-Medico University of Rome, Italy
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Cenni V, Capanni C, Mattioli E, Schena E, Squarzoni S, Bacalini MG, Garagnani P, Salvioli S, Franceschi C, Lattanzi G. Lamin A involvement in ageing processes. Ageing Res Rev 2020; 62:101073. [PMID: 32446955 DOI: 10.1016/j.arr.2020.101073] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2019] [Revised: 03/05/2020] [Accepted: 04/11/2020] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
Lamin A, a main constituent of the nuclear lamina, is the major splicing product of the LMNA gene, which also encodes lamin C, lamin A delta 10 and lamin C2. Involvement of lamin A in the ageing process became clear after the discovery that a group of progeroid syndromes, currently referred to as progeroid laminopathies, are caused by mutations in LMNA gene. Progeroid laminopathies include Hutchinson-Gilford Progeria, Mandibuloacral Dysplasia, Atypical Progeria and atypical-Werner syndrome, disabling and life-threatening diseases with accelerated ageing, bone resorption, lipodystrophy, skin abnormalities and cardiovascular disorders. Defects in lamin A post-translational maturation occur in progeroid syndromes and accumulated prelamin A affects ageing-related processes, such as mTOR signaling, epigenetic modifications, stress response, inflammation, microRNA activation and mechanosignaling. In this review, we briefly describe the role of these pathways in physiological ageing and go in deep into lamin A-dependent mechanisms that accelerate the ageing process. Finally, we propose that lamin A acts as a sensor of cell intrinsic and environmental stress through transient prelamin A accumulation, which triggers stress response mechanisms. Exacerbation of lamin A sensor activity due to stably elevated prelamin A levels contributes to the onset of a permanent stress response condition, which triggers accelerated ageing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vittoria Cenni
- CNR Institute of Molecular Genetics "Luigi Luca Cavalli-Sforza", Unit of Bologna, Bologna, Italy; IRCCS Istituto Ortopedico Rizzoli, Bologna, Italy
| | - Cristina Capanni
- CNR Institute of Molecular Genetics "Luigi Luca Cavalli-Sforza", Unit of Bologna, Bologna, Italy; IRCCS Istituto Ortopedico Rizzoli, Bologna, Italy
| | - Elisabetta Mattioli
- CNR Institute of Molecular Genetics "Luigi Luca Cavalli-Sforza", Unit of Bologna, Bologna, Italy; IRCCS Istituto Ortopedico Rizzoli, Bologna, Italy
| | - Elisa Schena
- CNR Institute of Molecular Genetics "Luigi Luca Cavalli-Sforza", Unit of Bologna, Bologna, Italy; IRCCS Istituto Ortopedico Rizzoli, Bologna, Italy
| | - Stefano Squarzoni
- CNR Institute of Molecular Genetics "Luigi Luca Cavalli-Sforza", Unit of Bologna, Bologna, Italy; IRCCS Istituto Ortopedico Rizzoli, Bologna, Italy
| | | | - Paolo Garagnani
- Department of Experimental, Diagnostic and Specialty Medicine (DIMES), University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy; Clinical Chemistry, Department of Laboratory Medicine, Karolinska Institutet at Huddinge, University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Stefano Salvioli
- Department of Experimental, Diagnostic and Specialty Medicine (DIMES), University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy; Interdepartmental Center Alma Mater Research Institute on Global Challenges and Climate Changes, University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy
| | - Claudio Franceschi
- Lobachevsky State University of Nizhny Novgorod, Nizhny Novgorod, Russia
| | - Giovanna Lattanzi
- CNR Institute of Molecular Genetics "Luigi Luca Cavalli-Sforza", Unit of Bologna, Bologna, Italy; IRCCS Istituto Ortopedico Rizzoli, Bologna, Italy.
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8
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Cappelletti C, Tramacere I, Cavalcante P, Schena E, Politano L, Carboni N, Gambineri A, D’Amico A, Ruggiero L, Ricci G, Siciliano G, Boriani G, Mongini TE, Vercelli L, Biagini E, Ziacchi M, D’Apice MR, Lattanzi G, Mantegazza R, Maggi L, Bernasconi P. Cytokine Profile in Striated Muscle Laminopathies: New Promising Biomarkers for Disease Prediction. Cells 2020; 9:cells9061532. [PMID: 32585971 PMCID: PMC7348753 DOI: 10.3390/cells9061532] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/28/2020] [Revised: 06/17/2020] [Accepted: 06/20/2020] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Laminopathies are a wide and heterogeneous group of rare human diseases caused by mutations of the LMNA gene or related nuclear envelope genes. The variety of clinical phenotypes and the wide spectrum of histopathological changes among patients carrying an identical mutation in the LMNA gene make the prognostic process rather difficult, and classical genetic screens appear to have limited predictive value for disease development. The aim of this study was to evaluate whether a comprehensive profile of circulating cytokines may be a useful tool to differentiate and stratify disease subgroups, support clinical follow-ups and contribute to new therapeutic approaches. Serum levels of 51 pro- and anti-inflammatory molecules, including cytokines, chemokines and growth factors, were quantified by a Luminex multiple immune-assay in 53 patients with muscular laminopathy (Musc-LMNA), 10 with non-muscular laminopathy, 22 with other muscular disorders and in 35 healthy controls. Interleukin-17 (IL-17), granulocyte colony-stimulating factor (G-CSF) and transforming growth factor beta (TGF-β2) levels significantly discriminated Musc-LMNA from controls; interleukin-1β (IL-1β), interleukin-4 (IL-4) and interleukin-8 (IL-8) were differentially expressed in Musc-LMNA patients compared to those with non-muscular laminopathies, whereas IL-17 was significantly higher in Musc-LMNA patients with muscular and cardiac involvement. These findings support the hypothesis of a key role of the immune system in Musc-LMNA and emphasize the potential use of cytokines as biomarkers for these disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cristina Cappelletti
- Neurology IV-Neuroimmunology and Neuromuscular Diseases Unit, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Neurologico Carlo Besta, 20133 Milan, Italy; (P.C.); (R.M.); (L.M.); (P.B.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +39-02-23944503/4511
| | - Irene Tramacere
- Department of Research and Clinical Development, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Neurologico “Carlo Besta”, 20133 Milan, Italy;
| | - Paola Cavalcante
- Neurology IV-Neuroimmunology and Neuromuscular Diseases Unit, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Neurologico Carlo Besta, 20133 Milan, Italy; (P.C.); (R.M.); (L.M.); (P.B.)
| | - Elisa Schena
- CNR Institute of Molecular Genetics, Unit of Bologna, 40136 Bologna, Italy; (E.S.); (G.L.)
- Endocrinology Unit, Department of Medical & Surgical Sciences, Alma Mater Studiorum University of Bologna, S Orsola-Malpighi Hospital, 40138 Bologna, Italy
| | - Luisa Politano
- Cardiomyology and Medical Genetics, Department of Experimental Medicine, University of Campania, Luigi Vanvitelli, 80138 Naples, Italy;
| | - Nicola Carboni
- Neurology Department, Hospital San Francesco of Nuoro, 08100 Nuoro, Italy;
| | - Alessandra Gambineri
- Endocrinology Unit, Department of Clinical and Medical Science, S. Orsola-Malpighi Hospital, University of Bologna, 40138 Bologna, Italy;
| | - Adele D’Amico
- Unit of Neuromuscular and Neurodegenerative Disorders, Bambino Gesù Children’s Hospital, 00165 Rome, Italy;
| | - Lucia Ruggiero
- Department of Neurosciences and Reproductive and Odontostomatologic Sciences, University Federico II, 80137 Naples, Italy;
| | - Giulia Ricci
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Neurological Clinic, 56126 Pisa, Italy; (G.R.); (G.S.)
| | - Gabriele Siciliano
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Neurological Clinic, 56126 Pisa, Italy; (G.R.); (G.S.)
| | - Giuseppe Boriani
- Cardiology Division, Department of Biomedical, Metabolic and Neural Sciences, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Policlinico di Modena, 41121 Modena, Italy;
| | - Tiziana Enrica Mongini
- Department of Neurosciences “Rita Levi Montalcini”, University of Turin, 10124 Turin, Italy; (T.E.M.); (L.V.)
| | - Liliana Vercelli
- Department of Neurosciences “Rita Levi Montalcini”, University of Turin, 10124 Turin, Italy; (T.E.M.); (L.V.)
| | - Elena Biagini
- Azienda Ospedaliero Universitaria - Policlinico di St. Orsola, Cardiology Unit, Cardio-Thoracic-Vascular Department, 40138 Bologna, Italy; (E.B.); (M.Z.)
| | - Matteo Ziacchi
- Azienda Ospedaliero Universitaria - Policlinico di St. Orsola, Cardiology Unit, Cardio-Thoracic-Vascular Department, 40138 Bologna, Italy; (E.B.); (M.Z.)
| | - Maria Rosaria D’Apice
- Medical Genetics Unit, Policlinico Tor Vergata University Hospital, 00133 Rome, Italy;
| | - Giovanna Lattanzi
- CNR Institute of Molecular Genetics, Unit of Bologna, 40136 Bologna, Italy; (E.S.); (G.L.)
- IRCCS Istituto Ortopedico Rizzoli, 40136 Bologna, Italy
| | - Renato Mantegazza
- Neurology IV-Neuroimmunology and Neuromuscular Diseases Unit, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Neurologico Carlo Besta, 20133 Milan, Italy; (P.C.); (R.M.); (L.M.); (P.B.)
| | - Lorenzo Maggi
- Neurology IV-Neuroimmunology and Neuromuscular Diseases Unit, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Neurologico Carlo Besta, 20133 Milan, Italy; (P.C.); (R.M.); (L.M.); (P.B.)
| | - Pia Bernasconi
- Neurology IV-Neuroimmunology and Neuromuscular Diseases Unit, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Neurologico Carlo Besta, 20133 Milan, Italy; (P.C.); (R.M.); (L.M.); (P.B.)
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9
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Saccomandi P, Marescaux J, Di Matteo FM, Quero G, Gassino R, Lapergola A, Barberio M, Schena E, Perrone G, Vallan A, Costamagna G. Laser ablation in biliary tree: analysis of the intraductal and superficial thermal effects during the treatment. Annu Int Conf IEEE Eng Med Biol Soc 2020; 2019:162-165. [PMID: 31945869 DOI: 10.1109/embc.2019.8856313] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
The treatment of choice for the unresectable cholangiocarcinoma is based on biliary decompression procedures. Despite stent placement is the standard of care, it is related to well-known complications. Hence, alternative techniques were proposed. Ideally, they should guarantee an adequate intraductal disobstruction, without injuring the surrounding tissues.This pre-clinical study aims to investigate the thermal effects of the laser ablation (LA) in the biliary tree, in terms of intraductal and surrounding tissue temperature achieved with different laser settings. The common bile ducts (in their upper and lower portions) of two pigs were ablated for 6 minutes with a diode laser at 3 W and 5 W. A custom-made laser applicator was used to obtain a circumferential ablation within the ducts. The intraductal temperature (Tid) was monitored by means of a fiber Bragg grating (FBG) sensor, while an infrared thermal camera monitored the T distribution in the surrounding tissues (Tsup). A maximum T difference of 65 °C and 57 °C was evidenced between the two power settings for the Tid measured in the upper and lower ducts, respectively. The mean difference between Tid and the averaged Tsup values was evaluated. At 5 W, a difference of 37±3 °C and 44±10 °C were obtained for the upper and lower ducts, respectively. At 3 W, a T difference of 2±1 °C was obtained for the upper biliary duct, while a difference of 8±1 °C was documented for the lower duct. Based on the results obtained in this preliminary study, the possibility to equip the laser probe with temperature sensor can improve the control and the safety of the procedure; this solution will guarantee the monitoring of the treatment while preserving the lumen and the surrounding structures.
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10
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Zaghini A, Sarli G, Barboni C, Sanapo M, Pellegrino V, Diana A, Linta N, Rambaldi J, D'Apice MR, Murdocca M, Baleani M, Baruffaldi F, Fognani R, Mecca R, Festa A, Papparella S, Paciello O, Prisco F, Capanni C, Loi M, Schena E, Lattanzi G, Squarzoni S. Long term breeding of the Lmna G609G progeric mouse: Characterization of homozygous and heterozygous models. Exp Gerontol 2019; 130:110784. [PMID: 31794853 DOI: 10.1016/j.exger.2019.110784] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/12/2019] [Revised: 10/26/2019] [Accepted: 11/15/2019] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
Abstract
The transgenic LmnaG609G progeric mouse represents an outstanding animal model for studying the human Hutchinson-Gilford Progeria Syndrome (HGPS) caused by a mutation in the LMNA gene, coding for the nuclear envelope protein Lamin A/C, and, as an important, more general scope, for studying the complex process governing physiological aging in humans. Here we give a comprehensive description of the peculiarities related to the breeding of LmnaG609G mice over a prolonged period of time, and of many features observed in a large colony for a 2-years period. We describe the breeding and housing conditions underlining the possible interference of the genetic background on the phenotype expression. This information represents a useful tool when planning and interpreting studies on the LmnaG609G mouse model, complementing any specific data already reported in the literature about this model since its production. It is also particularly relevant for the heterozygous mouse, which mirrors the genotype of the human pathology however requires an extended time to manifest symptoms and to be carefully studied.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna Zaghini
- Department of Veterinary Medical Sciences, University of Bologna, Ozzano Emilia, Bologna, Italy
| | - Giuseppe Sarli
- Department of Veterinary Medical Sciences, University of Bologna, Ozzano Emilia, Bologna, Italy
| | - Catia Barboni
- Department of Veterinary Medical Sciences, University of Bologna, Ozzano Emilia, Bologna, Italy
| | - Mara Sanapo
- Department of Veterinary Medical Sciences, University of Bologna, Ozzano Emilia, Bologna, Italy
| | - Valeria Pellegrino
- Department of Veterinary Medical Sciences, University of Bologna, Ozzano Emilia, Bologna, Italy
| | - Alessia Diana
- Department of Veterinary Medical Sciences, University of Bologna, Ozzano Emilia, Bologna, Italy
| | - Nikolina Linta
- Department of Veterinary Medical Sciences, University of Bologna, Ozzano Emilia, Bologna, Italy
| | - Julie Rambaldi
- Department of Veterinary Medical Sciences, University of Bologna, Ozzano Emilia, Bologna, Italy
| | | | - Michela Murdocca
- Department of Biomedicine and Prevention, University of Rome "Tor Vergata", Rome, Italy
| | - Massimiliano Baleani
- IRCCS Istituto Ortopedico Rizzoli, Medical Technology Laboratory, Bologna, Italy
| | - Fabio Baruffaldi
- IRCCS Istituto Ortopedico Rizzoli, Medical Technology Laboratory, Bologna, Italy
| | - Roberta Fognani
- IRCCS Istituto Ortopedico Rizzoli, Medical Technology Laboratory, Bologna, Italy
| | - Rosaria Mecca
- IRCCS Istituto Ortopedico Rizzoli, Medical Technology Laboratory, Bologna, Italy
| | - Anna Festa
- IRCCS Istituto Ortopedico Rizzoli, Medical Technology Laboratory, Bologna, Italy
| | - Serenella Papparella
- Department of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Production, University of Naples Federico II, Naples, Italy
| | - Orlando Paciello
- Department of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Production, University of Naples Federico II, Naples, Italy
| | - Francesco Prisco
- Department of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Production, University of Naples Federico II, Naples, Italy
| | - Cristina Capanni
- CNR - Institute of Molecular Genetics "Luigi Luca Cavalli-Sforza"- Unit of Bologna, Bologna, Italy; IRCCS Istituto Ortopedico Rizzoli, Bologna, Italy
| | - Manuela Loi
- CNR - Institute of Molecular Genetics "Luigi Luca Cavalli-Sforza"- Unit of Bologna, Bologna, Italy; IRCCS Istituto Ortopedico Rizzoli, Bologna, Italy
| | - Elisa Schena
- CNR - Institute of Molecular Genetics "Luigi Luca Cavalli-Sforza"- Unit of Bologna, Bologna, Italy; IRCCS Istituto Ortopedico Rizzoli, Bologna, Italy
| | - Giovanna Lattanzi
- CNR - Institute of Molecular Genetics "Luigi Luca Cavalli-Sforza"- Unit of Bologna, Bologna, Italy; IRCCS Istituto Ortopedico Rizzoli, Bologna, Italy
| | - Stefano Squarzoni
- CNR - Institute of Molecular Genetics "Luigi Luca Cavalli-Sforza"- Unit of Bologna, Bologna, Italy; IRCCS Istituto Ortopedico Rizzoli, Bologna, Italy.
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11
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Massaroni C, Giurazza F, Tesei M, Schena E, Corvino F, Meneo M, Corletti L, Niola R, Setola R. A Touchless system for image visualization during surgery: preliminary experience in clinical settings. Annu Int Conf IEEE Eng Med Biol Soc 2019; 2018:5794-5797. [PMID: 30441652 DOI: 10.1109/embc.2018.8513631] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
Today clinicians may access large medical datasets, but very few systems have been designed to allow a practical and efficient exploration of data directly in critical medical environments such as operating rooms (OR). This work aims to assess during tests in laboratory and clinical settings a Surgery Touchless System (STS). This system allows clinicians to interact with medical images by using two different approaches: a gesture recognition and a voice recognition based system. These two methods are based on the use of a Microsoft Kinect and of a selective microphone, respectively. The STS allows navigating in a specifically designed interface, to perform several tasks, among others, to manipulate biomedical images. In this article, we assessed both the recognitions approaches in laboratory with 5 users. In addition, the STS was tested using only the voice-based recognition approach in clinical settings. The assessment was performed during three procedures by two interventionalradiologists. The five volunteers and the 2 radiologists filled two questionnaires to assess the system. The system usability was positively evaluated in laboratory tests. From clinical trials emerged that the STS was considered safe and useful by both the radiologists: they used the system an averaged number of times of 10 and 15 for patients, and found the system useful. These promising results allow considering this system useful for providing information not otherwise accessible and limiting the impact of human error during the operation. Future work will be focused on the use of the STS on a high number and different types of procedure.
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12
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Molinaro N, Massaroni C, Lo Presti D, Saccomandi P, Di Tomaso G, Zollo L, Perego P, Andreoni G, Schena E. Wearable textile based on silver plated knitted sensor for respiratory rate monitoring. Annu Int Conf IEEE Eng Med Biol Soc 2019; 2018:2865-2868. [PMID: 30440999 DOI: 10.1109/embc.2018.8512958] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
Wearable systems are gaining broad acceptance for monitoring physiological parameters in several medical applications. Among a number of approaches, smart textiles have attracted interest because they are comfortable and do not impair patients' movements. In this article, we aim at developing a smart textile for respiratory monitoring based on a piezoresistive sensing element. Firstly, the calibration curve of the system and its hysteresis have been investigated. Then, the proposed system has been assessed on 6 healthy subjects. The volunteers were invited to wear the system to monitor their breathing rate. The results of the calibration show a good mean sensitivity (i.e., approximately 0.11V·%-1); although the hysteresis is not negligible, the system can follow the cycles also at high rates (up to 36 cycle·min-1). The feasibility assessment on 6 volunteers (two trials for each one) shows that the proposed system can estimate with good accuracy the breathing rate. Indeed, the results obtained by the proposed system were compared with the ones collected with a spirometer, used as reference. Considering all the experiments, a mean percentage error was approximately 2%. In conclusion, the proposed system has several valuable features (e.g., the sensing element is lightweight, the sensitivity is high, and it is possible to develop comfortable smart textile); in addition, the promising performances considering both metrological properties and assessment on volunteers foster future tests focused on: i) the possibility of developing and system embedding several sensing elements, and ii) to develop a wireless acquisition system, to allow comfortable and long-term acquisition in both patients and during sport activities.
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13
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Iacoponi S, Massaroni C, Lo Presti D, Saccomandi P, Caponero MA, DrAmato R, Schena E. Polymer-coated fiber optic probe for the monitoring of breathing pattern and respiratory rate. Annu Int Conf IEEE Eng Med Biol Soc 2019; 2018:1616-1619. [PMID: 30440702 DOI: 10.1109/embc.2018.8512566] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
In recent years, no-invasive and small size systems are meeting the demand of the new healthcare system, in which the vital signs monitoring is gaining in importance. In this context, Fiber Bragg grating (FBG) sensors are becoming very popular and FBG-based systems could be used for monitoring vital signs. At the same time, FBG could be able to sense chemical parameters by the polymer functionalization. The aim of our study was investigating the ability of a polymer-coated FBG-based probe for monitoring breathing patterns and respiratory rates. We tested the proposed FBG-based probe on 9 healthy volunteers during spirometry, the most common pulmonary function test. Results showed the high accuracy of the proposed probe to detect respiratory rate. The comparison between the respiratory rates estimated by the probe with the ones by the spirometer showed the absolute value of the percentage errors lower than 2.07% (in the 78% of cases <.91%). Lastly, a Bland Altman analysis was performed to compare the instantaneous respiratory rate values gathered by the spirometer and the FBG probe showing the feasibility of breath-by-breath monitoring by the proposed probe. Results showed a bias of 0.06± 2.90 $\mathrm{breaths}\square {\mathrm {min}}^{-1}$. Additionally, our system was able to follow the breathing activities and monitoring the breathing patterns.
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14
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Bernasconi P, Carboni N, Ricci G, Siciliano G, Politano L, Maggi L, Mongini T, Vercelli L, Rodolico C, Biagini E, Boriani G, Ruggiero L, Santoro L, Schena E, Prencipe S, Evangelisti C, Pegoraro E, Morandi L, Columbaro M, Lanzuolo C, Sabatelli P, Cavalcante P, Cappelletti C, Bonne G, Muchir A, Lattanzi G. Elevated TGF β2 serum levels in Emery-Dreifuss Muscular Dystrophy: Implications for myocyte and tenocyte differentiation and fibrogenic processes. Nucleus 2019; 9:292-304. [PMID: 29693488 PMCID: PMC5973167 DOI: 10.1080/19491034.2018.1467722] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Among rare diseases caused by mutations in LMNA gene, Emery-Dreifuss Muscular Dystrophy type 2 and Limb-Girdle muscular Dystrophy 1B are characterized by muscle weakness and wasting, joint contractures, cardiomyopathy with conduction system disorders. Circulating biomarkers for these pathologies have not been identified. Here, we analyzed the secretome of a cohort of patients affected by these muscular laminopathies in the attempt to identify a common signature. Multiplex cytokine assay showed that transforming growth factor beta 2 (TGF β2) and interleukin 17 serum levels are consistently elevated in the vast majority of examined patients, while interleukin 6 and basic fibroblast growth factor are altered in subgroups of patients. Levels of TGF β2 are also increased in fibroblast and myoblast cultures established from patient biopsies as well as in serum from mice bearing the H222P Lmna mutation causing Emery-Dreifuss Muscular Dystrophy in humans. Both patient serum and fibroblast conditioned media activated a TGF β2-dependent fibrogenic program in normal human myoblasts and tenocytes and inhibited myoblast differentiation. Consistent with these results, a TGF β2 neutralizing antibody avoided fibrogenic marker activation and myogenesis impairment. Cell intrinsic TGF β2-dependent mechanisms were also determined in laminopathic cells, where TGF β2 activated AKT/mTOR phosphorylation. These data show that TGF β2 contributes to the pathogenesis of Emery-Dreifuss Muscular Dystrophy type 2 and Limb-Girdle muscular Dystrophy 1B and can be considered a potential biomarker of those diseases. Further, the evidence of TGF β2 pathogenetic effects in tenocytes provides the first mechanistic insight into occurrence of joint contractures in muscular laminopathies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pia Bernasconi
- a Neurology IV - Neuroimmunology and Neuromuscular Diseases Unit , Foundation IRCCS Neurological Institute "Carlo Besta" , Milan , Italy
| | - Nicola Carboni
- b Neurology Department , Hospital San Francesco of Nuoro , Nuoro , Italy
| | - Giulia Ricci
- c Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine , University of Pisa , Pisa , Italy
| | - Gabriele Siciliano
- c Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine , University of Pisa , Pisa , Italy
| | - Luisa Politano
- d Cardiomyology and Medical Genetics, Department of Experimental Medicine , Campania University "Luigi Vanvitelli" (former denomination: Second University of Naples) , Italy
| | - Lorenzo Maggi
- a Neurology IV - Neuroimmunology and Neuromuscular Diseases Unit , Foundation IRCCS Neurological Institute "Carlo Besta" , Milan , Italy
| | - Tiziana Mongini
- e Department of Neurosciences "Rita Levi Montalcini" , University of Turin , Turin , Italy
| | - Liliana Vercelli
- e Department of Neurosciences "Rita Levi Montalcini" , University of Turin , Turin , Italy
| | - Carmelo Rodolico
- f Institute of Applied Sciences and Intelligent Systems "ISASI Edoardo Caianello", National Research Council of Italy , Messina , Italy
| | - Elena Biagini
- g Istituto di Cardiologia, Università di Bologna, Policlinico S.Orsola-Malpighi , Bologna , Italy
| | - Giuseppe Boriani
- h Cardiology Division, Department of Diagnostics , Clinical and Public Health Medicine, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Policlinico di Modena , Modena , Italy
| | - Lucia Ruggiero
- i Department of Neurosciences , Odontostomatological and Reproductive Sciences, University of Naples "Federico II" , Naples , Italy
| | - Lucio Santoro
- i Department of Neurosciences , Odontostomatological and Reproductive Sciences, University of Naples "Federico II" , Naples , Italy
| | - Elisa Schena
- j Institute of Molecular Genetics (IGM)-CNR, Unit of Bologna , Bologna , Italy.,k Laboratory of Musculoskeletal Cell Biology , Rizzoli Orthopaedic Institute , Bologna , Italy
| | - Sabino Prencipe
- j Institute of Molecular Genetics (IGM)-CNR, Unit of Bologna , Bologna , Italy.,k Laboratory of Musculoskeletal Cell Biology , Rizzoli Orthopaedic Institute , Bologna , Italy
| | - Camilla Evangelisti
- j Institute of Molecular Genetics (IGM)-CNR, Unit of Bologna , Bologna , Italy.,k Laboratory of Musculoskeletal Cell Biology , Rizzoli Orthopaedic Institute , Bologna , Italy
| | - Elena Pegoraro
- l Department of Neurosciences , Neuromuscular Center, University of Padova , Padova , Italy
| | - Lucia Morandi
- a Neurology IV - Neuroimmunology and Neuromuscular Diseases Unit , Foundation IRCCS Neurological Institute "Carlo Besta" , Milan , Italy
| | - Marta Columbaro
- k Laboratory of Musculoskeletal Cell Biology , Rizzoli Orthopaedic Institute , Bologna , Italy
| | - Chiara Lanzuolo
- m Istituto Nazionale di Genetica Molecolare "Romeo and Enrica Invernizzi" , Milan , Italy.,n Institute of Cell Biology and Neurobiology, IRCCS Santa Lucia Foundation , Rome , Italy
| | - Patrizia Sabatelli
- j Institute of Molecular Genetics (IGM)-CNR, Unit of Bologna , Bologna , Italy.,k Laboratory of Musculoskeletal Cell Biology , Rizzoli Orthopaedic Institute , Bologna , Italy
| | - Paola Cavalcante
- a Neurology IV - Neuroimmunology and Neuromuscular Diseases Unit , Foundation IRCCS Neurological Institute "Carlo Besta" , Milan , Italy
| | - Cristina Cappelletti
- a Neurology IV - Neuroimmunology and Neuromuscular Diseases Unit , Foundation IRCCS Neurological Institute "Carlo Besta" , Milan , Italy
| | - Gisèle Bonne
- o Sorbonne Universités , UPMC Univ Paris 06, INSERM UMRS974, CNRS FRE3617, Center for Research in Myology, Institut de Myologie, G.H. Pitié Salpêtrière , Paris Cedex 13, France
| | - Antoine Muchir
- o Sorbonne Universités , UPMC Univ Paris 06, INSERM UMRS974, CNRS FRE3617, Center for Research in Myology, Institut de Myologie, G.H. Pitié Salpêtrière , Paris Cedex 13, France
| | - Giovanna Lattanzi
- j Institute of Molecular Genetics (IGM)-CNR, Unit of Bologna , Bologna , Italy.,k Laboratory of Musculoskeletal Cell Biology , Rizzoli Orthopaedic Institute , Bologna , Italy
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15
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Pellegrini C, Columbaro M, Schena E, Prencipe S, Andrenacci D, Iozzo P, Angela Guzzardi M, Capanni C, Mattioli E, Loi M, Araujo-Vilar D, Squarzoni S, Cinti S, Morselli P, Giorgetti A, Zanotti L, Gambineri A, Lattanzi G. Altered adipocyte differentiation and unbalanced autophagy in type 2 Familial Partial Lipodystrophy: an in vitro and in vivo study of adipose tissue browning. Exp Mol Med 2019; 51:1-17. [PMID: 31375660 PMCID: PMC6802660 DOI: 10.1038/s12276-019-0289-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2018] [Revised: 04/04/2019] [Accepted: 04/16/2019] [Indexed: 01/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Type-2 Familial Partial Lipodystrophy is caused by LMNA mutations. Patients gradually lose subcutaneous fat from the limbs, while they accumulate adipose tissue in the face and neck. Several studies have demonstrated that autophagy is involved in the regulation of adipocyte differentiation and the maintenance of the balance between white and brown adipose tissue. We identified deregulation of autophagy in laminopathic preadipocytes before induction of differentiation. Moreover, in differentiating white adipocyte precursors, we observed impairment of large lipid droplet formation, altered regulation of adipose tissue genes, and expression of the brown adipose tissue marker UCP1. Conversely, in lipodystrophic brown adipocyte precursors induced to differentiate, we noticed activation of autophagy, formation of enlarged lipid droplets typical of white adipocytes, and dysregulation of brown adipose tissue genes. In agreement with these in vitro results indicating conversion of FPLD2 brown preadipocytes toward the white lineage, adipose tissue from FPLD2 patient neck, an area of brown adipogenesis, showed a white phenotype reminiscent of its brown origin. Moreover, in vivo morpho-functional evaluation of fat depots in the neck area of three FPLD2 patients by PET/CT analysis with cold stimulation showed the absence of brown adipose tissue activity. These findings highlight a new pathogenetic mechanism leading to improper fat distribution in lamin A-linked lipodystrophies and show that both impaired white adipocyte turnover and failure of adipose tissue browning contribute to disease. An abnormal distribution of fatty tissues associated with certain tissue disorders is driven by disrupted fat cell differentiation. Type 2 familial partial lipodystrophy (FPLD2) is a genetic condition that results in fat being lost from the limbs and accumulating in the face and neck. Giovanna Lattanzi at the National Research Council of Italy in Bologna and co-workers found that fat cell (adipocyte) precursors did not clearly differentiate into either of the two main fatty tissue types, brown or white, in FPLD2 patients. White adipocyte precursors exhibited impaired lipid formation and abnormal levels of brown tissue markers. Conversely, brown adipocyte precursors showed high lipid levels and increased autophagy, a natural process involving degradation and recycling of cellular components. The neck is normally where brown fat accumulates, but FPLD2 patients had adipocytes there displaying white fat characteristics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Camilla Pellegrini
- CNR - National Research Council of Italy, Institute of Molecular Genetics "Luigi Luca Cavalli-Sforza", Unit of Bologna, Bologna, Italy
| | | | - Elisa Schena
- CNR - National Research Council of Italy, Institute of Molecular Genetics "Luigi Luca Cavalli-Sforza", Unit of Bologna, Bologna, Italy.,IRCCS, Istituto Ortopedico Rizzoli, Bologna, Italy
| | - Sabino Prencipe
- CNR - National Research Council of Italy, Institute of Molecular Genetics "Luigi Luca Cavalli-Sforza", Unit of Bologna, Bologna, Italy
| | - Davide Andrenacci
- CNR - National Research Council of Italy, Institute of Molecular Genetics "Luigi Luca Cavalli-Sforza", Unit of Bologna, Bologna, Italy.,IRCCS, Istituto Ortopedico Rizzoli, Bologna, Italy
| | - Patricia Iozzo
- CNR - National Research Council of Italy, Institute of Clinical Physiology, Pisa, Italy
| | - Maria Angela Guzzardi
- CNR - National Research Council of Italy, Institute of Clinical Physiology, Pisa, Italy
| | - Cristina Capanni
- CNR - National Research Council of Italy, Institute of Molecular Genetics "Luigi Luca Cavalli-Sforza", Unit of Bologna, Bologna, Italy.,IRCCS, Istituto Ortopedico Rizzoli, Bologna, Italy
| | - Elisabetta Mattioli
- CNR - National Research Council of Italy, Institute of Molecular Genetics "Luigi Luca Cavalli-Sforza", Unit of Bologna, Bologna, Italy.,IRCCS, Istituto Ortopedico Rizzoli, Bologna, Italy
| | - Manuela Loi
- CNR - National Research Council of Italy, Institute of Molecular Genetics "Luigi Luca Cavalli-Sforza", Unit of Bologna, Bologna, Italy
| | - David Araujo-Vilar
- Department of Medicine, CIMUS Biomedical Research Institute, University of Santiago de Compostela, Santiago de Compostela, Spain
| | - Stefano Squarzoni
- CNR - National Research Council of Italy, Institute of Molecular Genetics "Luigi Luca Cavalli-Sforza", Unit of Bologna, Bologna, Italy.,IRCCS, Istituto Ortopedico Rizzoli, Bologna, Italy
| | - Saverio Cinti
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, University of Ancona (UniversitàPolitecnicadelle Marche), Ancona, Italy.,Center of Obesity of University of Ancona, Ancona, Italy
| | - Paolo Morselli
- Plastic Surgery Unit, Department of Specialised, Experimental, and Diagnostic Medicine, Alma Mater Studiorum University of Bologna, S Orsola-Malpighi Hospital, Bologna, Italy
| | | | - Laura Zanotti
- Endocrinology Unit, Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences, Alma Mater Studiorum University of Bologna, S Orsola-Malpighi Hospital, Bologna, Italy
| | - Alessandra Gambineri
- Endocrinology Unit, Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences, Alma Mater Studiorum University of Bologna, S Orsola-Malpighi Hospital, Bologna, Italy
| | - Giovanna Lattanzi
- CNR - National Research Council of Italy, Institute of Molecular Genetics "Luigi Luca Cavalli-Sforza", Unit of Bologna, Bologna, Italy. .,IRCCS, Istituto Ortopedico Rizzoli, Bologna, Italy.
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16
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Landro MD, Saccomandi P, Barberio M, Schena E, Marescaux MJ, Diana M. Hyperspectral imaging for thermal effect monitoring in in vivo liver during laser ablation. Annu Int Conf IEEE Eng Med Biol Soc 2019; 2019:1851-1854. [PMID: 31946258 DOI: 10.1109/embc.2019.8856487] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Thermal ablation is a minimally invasive technique used to induce a controlled necrosis of malignant cells by increasing the temperature in localized areas. This procedure needs an accurate and real-time monitoring of thermal effects to evaluate and control treatment outcome. In this work, a hyperspectral imaging (HSI) technique is proposed as a new and non-invasive method to monitor ablative therapy. HSI provides images of the target object in several spectral bands, hence the reflectance/absorbance spectrum for each pixel. This paper presents a preliminary and original HSI-based analysis of the thermal state in the in vivo porcine liver undergoing laser ablation. In order to compare the spectral response between treated and untreated areas of the organ, proper Regions of Interest (ROIs) were chosen on the hyperspectral images; for each ROI, the absorbance variation for the selected wavelengths (i.e., 630, 760, and 960nm, for deoxyhemoglobin, methemoglobin, and water respectively) was assessed. Results obtained during and after laser ablation show that the absorbance of the methemoglobin peaks increases up to 40% in the burned region with respect to the non-ablated one. Conversely, the relative change of deoxyhemoglobin and water peaks is less marked. Based on these results, absorbance threshold values were retrieved and used to visualize the ablation zone on the images. This preliminary analysis suggests that a combination of the absorbance information is essential to achieve a more accurate identification of the ablation region. The results encourage further studies on the correlation between thermal effects and the spectral response of biological tissues undergoing thermal ablation, for final clinical use.
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17
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Jiang Z, Cinti C, Taranta M, Mattioli E, Schena E, Singh S, Khurana R, Lattanzi G, Tsinoremas NF, Capobianco E. Network assessment of demethylation treatment in melanoma: Differential transcriptome-methylome and antigen profile signatures. PLoS One 2018; 13:e0206686. [PMID: 30485296 PMCID: PMC6261551 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0206686] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2018] [Accepted: 10/17/2018] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Background In melanoma, like in other cancers, both genetic alterations and epigenetic underlie the metastatic process. These effects are usually measured by changes in both methylome and transcriptome profiles, whose cross-correlation remains uncertain. We aimed to assess at systems scale the significance of epigenetic treatment in melanoma cells with different metastatic potential. Methods and findings Treatment by DAC demethylation with 5-Aza-2’-deoxycytidine of two melanoma cell lines endowed with different metastatic potential, SKMEL-2 and HS294T, was performed and high-throughput coupled RNA-Seq and RRBS-Seq experiments delivered differential profiles (DiP) of both transcriptomes and methylomes. Methylation levels measured at both TSS and gene body were studied to inspect correlated patterns with wide-spectrum transcript abundance levels quantified in both protein coding and non-coding RNA (ncRNA) regions. The DiP were then mapped onto standard bio-annotation sources (pathways, biological processes) and network configurations were obtained. The prioritized associations for target identification purposes were expected to elucidate the reprogramming dynamics induced by the epigenetic therapy. The interactomic connectivity maps of each cell line were formed to support the analysis of epigenetically re-activated genes. i.e. those supposedly silenced by melanoma. In particular, modular protein interaction networks (PIN) were used, evidencing a limited number of shared annotations, with an example being MAPK13 (cascade of cellular responses evoked by extracellular stimuli). This gene is also a target associated to the PANDAR ncRNA, therapeutically relevant because of its aberrant expression observed in various cancers. Overall, the non-metastatic SKMEL-2 map reveals post-treatment re-activation of a richer pathway landscape, involving cadherins and integrins as signatures of cell adhesion and proliferation. Relatively more lncRNAs were also annotated, indicating more complex regulation patterns in view of target identification. Finally, the antigen maps matched to DiP display other differential signatures with respect to the metastatic potential of the cell lines. In particular, as demethylated melanomas show connected targets that grow with the increased metastatic potential, also the potential target actionability seems to depend to some degree on the metastatic state. However, caution is required when assessing the direct influence of re-activated genes over the identified targets. In light of the stronger treatment effects observed in non-metastatic conditions, some limitations likely refer to in silico data integration tools and resources available for the analysis of tumor antigens. Conclusion Demethylation treatment strongly affects early melanoma progression by re-activating many genes. This evidence suggests that the efficacy of this type of therapeutic intervention is potentially high at the pre-metastatic stages. The biomarkers that can be assessed through antigens seem informative depending on the metastatic conditions, and networks help to elucidate the assessment of possible targets actionability.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhijie Jiang
- Center for Computational Science, University of Miami, Miami, FL, United States of America
| | | | | | - Elisabetta Mattioli
- CNR Institute of Molecular Genetics, Bologna, Italy
- IRCCS Rizzoli Orthopedic Institute, Bologna, Italy
| | - Elisa Schena
- CNR Institute of Molecular Genetics, Bologna, Italy
- Endocrinology Unit, Department of Medical & Surgical Sciences, Alma Mater Studiorum University of Bologna, S Orsola-Malpighi Hospital, Bologna, Italy
| | - Sakshi Singh
- Institute of Clinical Physiology, CNR, Siena, Italy
| | - Rimpi Khurana
- Center for Computational Science, University of Miami, Miami, FL, United States of America
| | - Giovanna Lattanzi
- CNR Institute of Molecular Genetics, Bologna, Italy
- IRCCS Rizzoli Orthopedic Institute, Bologna, Italy
| | - Nicholas F. Tsinoremas
- Center for Computational Science, University of Miami, Miami, FL, United States of America
- Department of Medicine, University of Miami, Miami, FL, United States of America
| | - Enrico Capobianco
- Center for Computational Science, University of Miami, Miami, FL, United States of America
- * E-mail:
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18
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Carassiti M, Quarta R, Mattei A, Tesei M, Saccomandi P, Massaroni C, Setola R, Schena E. Ex vivo animal-model assessment of a non-invasive system for loss of resistance detection during epidural blockade. Annu Int Conf IEEE Eng Med Biol Soc 2018; 2017:759-762. [PMID: 29059983 DOI: 10.1109/embc.2017.8036935] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
During recent decades epidural analgesia has gained widespread recognition in many applications. In this complex procedure, anaesthetist uses a specific needle to inject anesthetic into the epidural space. It is crucial the appropriate insertion of the needle through inhomogeneous tissues placed between the skin and the epidural space to minimize anesthetic-related complications (e.g., nausea, headache, and dural puncture). Usually, anaesthetists perform the procedure without any supporting tools, and stop pushing the syringe when they sense a loss of resistance (LOR). This phenomenon is caused by the physical properties of the epidural space: the needle breaks the ligamentum flavum and reaches the epidural space, in this stage the anaesthetist perceives a LOR because the epidural space is much softer than the ligamentum flavum. To support the clinician in this maneuver we designed a non-invasive system able to detect the LOR by measuring the pressure exerted on the syringe plunger to push the needle up to the epidural space. In a previous work we described the system and its assessment during in vitro tests. This work aims at assessing the feasibility of the system for LOR detection on a more realistic model (ex vivo pig model). The system was assessed by analyzing: its ability to hold a constant value (saturation condition) during the insertion of the needle, and its ability to detect the entrance within the epidural space by a decrease of the system's output. Lastly, the anaesthetist was asked to assess how the ex vivo procedure mimics a clinical scenario. The system reached the saturation condition during the needle insertion; this feature is critical to avoid false positive during the procedure. However, it was not easy to detect the entrance within the epidural space due to its small volume in the animal model. Lastly, the practitioner found real the model, and performed the procedures in a conventional manner because the system did not influence his actions.
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19
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Gargiuli C, Schena E, Mattioli E, Columbaro M, D'Apice MR, Novelli G, Greggi T, Lattanzi G. Lamins and bone disorders: current understanding and perspectives. Oncotarget 2018; 9:22817-22831. [PMID: 29854317 PMCID: PMC5978267 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.25071] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2017] [Accepted: 03/22/2018] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Lamin A/C is a major constituent of the nuclear lamina implicated in a number of genetic diseases, collectively known as laminopathies. The most severe forms of laminopathies feature, among other symptoms, congenital scoliosis, osteoporosis, osteolysis or delayed cranial ossification. Importantly, specific bone districts are typically affected in laminopathies. Spine is severely affected in LMNA-linked congenital muscular dystrophy. Mandible, terminal phalanges and clavicles undergo osteolytic processes in progeroid laminopathies and Restrictive Dermopathy, a lethal developmental laminopathy. This specificity suggests that lamin A/C regulates fine mechanisms of bone turnover, as supported by data showing that lamin A/C mutations activate non-canonical pathways of osteoclastogenesis, as the one dependent on TGF beta 2. Here, we review current knowledge on laminopathies affecting bone and LMNA involvement in bone turnover and highlight lamin-dependent mechanisms causing bone disorders. This knowledge can be exploited to identify new therapeutic approaches not only for laminopathies, but also for other rare diseases featuring bone abnormalities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chiara Gargiuli
- CNR Institute of Molecular Genetics, Unit of Bologna, Bologna, Italy
| | - Elisa Schena
- CNR Institute of Molecular Genetics, Unit of Bologna, Bologna, Italy.,Rizzoli Orthopaedic Institute, Laboratory of Cell Biology, Bologna, Italy
| | - Elisabetta Mattioli
- CNR Institute of Molecular Genetics, Unit of Bologna, Bologna, Italy.,Rizzoli Orthopaedic Institute, Laboratory of Cell Biology, Bologna, Italy
| | - Marta Columbaro
- Rizzoli Orthopaedic Institute, Laboratory of Cell Biology, Bologna, Italy
| | | | - Giuseppe Novelli
- Medical Genetics Unit, Policlinico Tor Vergata University Hospital, Rome, Italy
| | - Tiziana Greggi
- Rizzoli Orthopaedic Institute, Spine Deformity Department, Bologna, Italy
| | - Giovanna Lattanzi
- CNR Institute of Molecular Genetics, Unit of Bologna, Bologna, Italy.,Rizzoli Orthopaedic Institute, Laboratory of Cell Biology, Bologna, Italy
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20
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Cappelli S, Saccomandi P, Massaroni C, Polimadei A, Silvestri S, Caponero MA, Frauenfelder G, Schena E. Magnetic Resonance-compatible needle-like probe based on Bragg grating technology for measuring temperature during Laser Ablation. Annu Int Conf IEEE Eng Med Biol Soc 2018; 2015:1287-90. [PMID: 26736503 DOI: 10.1109/embc.2015.7318603] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
Temperature monitoring in tissue undergone Laser Ablation (LA) may be particularly beneficial to optimize treatment outcome. Among many techniques, fiber Bragg grating (FBG) sensors show valuable characteristics for temperature monitoring in this medical scenario: good sensitivity and accuracy, and immunity from electromagnetic interferences. Their main drawback is the sensitivity to strain, which can entail measurement error for respiratory and patient movements. The aims of this work are the design, the manufacturing and the characterization of a needle-like probe which houses 4 FBGs. Three FBGs have sensitive length of 1 mm and are used as temperature sensors; one FBG with length of 10 mm is used as reference and to sense eventual strain. The optical fiber housing the FBGs was encapsulated within a needle routinely used in clinical practice to perform MRI-guided biopsy. Two materials were used for the encapsulation: i) thermal paste for the 3 FBGs used for temperature monitoring, to maximize the thermal exchange with the needle; ii) epoxy resin for the reference FBG, to improve its sensitivity to strain. The static calibration of the needle-like probe was performed to estimate the thermal sensitivity of each FBG; the step response was investigated to estimate the response time. FBGs 1 mm long have thermal sensitivity of 0.01 nm·°C(-1), whereas the reference FBG presents 0.02 nm·°C(-1). For all FBGs, the response time was in the order of 100 ms. Lastly, experiments were performed on ex vivo swine liver undergoing LA to i) evaluate the possible presence of measurement artifact, due to the direct absorption of laser light by the needle and ii) assess the feasibility of the probe in a quasi clinical scenario.
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21
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Saccomandi P, Di Matteo FM, Schena E, Quero G, Massaroni C, Giurazza F, Costamagna G, Silvestri S. Tapered fiber optic applicator for laser ablation: Theoretical and experimental assessment of thermal effects on ex vivo model. Annu Int Conf IEEE Eng Med Biol Soc 2017; 2017:4529-4532. [PMID: 29060904 DOI: 10.1109/embc.2017.8037863] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
Laser Ablation (LA) is a minimally invasive technique for tumor removal. The laser light is guided into the target tissue by a fiber optic applicator; thus the physical features of the applicator tip strongly influence size and shape of the tissue lesion. This study aims to verify the geometry of the lesion achieved by a tapered-tip applicator, and to investigate the percentage of thermally damaged cells induced by the tapered-tip fiber optic applicator. A theoretical model was implemented to simulate: i) the distribution of laser light fluence rate in the tissue through Monte Carlo method, ii) the induced temperature distribution, by means of the Bio Heat Equation, iii) the tissue injury, by Arrhenius integral. The results obtained by the implementation of the theoretical model were experimentally assessed. Ex vivo porcine liver underwent LA with tapered-tip applicator, at different laser settings (laser power of 1 W and 1.7 W, deposited energy equal to 330 J and 500 J, respectively). Almost spherical volume lesions were produced. The thermal damage was assessed by measuring the diameter of the circular-shaped lesion. The comparison between experimental results and theoretical prediction shows that the thermal damage discriminated by visual inspection always corresponds to a percentage of damaged cells of 96%. A tapered-tip applicator allows obtaining localized and reproducible damage close to spherical shape, whose diameter is related to the laser settings, and the simple theoretical model described is suitable to predict the effects, in terms of thermal damage, on ex vivo liver. Further trials should be addressed to adapt the model also on in vivo tissue, aiming to develop a tool useful to support the physician in clinical application of LA.
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22
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Massaroni C, Schena E, Silvestri S. Temperature influence on the response at low airflow of a variable orifice flowmeter. Annu Int Conf IEEE Eng Med Biol Soc 2017; 2017:881-884. [PMID: 29060013 DOI: 10.1109/embc.2017.8036965] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
In mechanical ventilation, in particular when neonates are ventilated, it is crucial to accurately control the amount of the gas delivered to the patients. Mechanical ventilators are equipped with one of more flowmeters. The signal of the flowmeter is used as feedback to control the amount of gas delivered to the patients. Therefore, the accuracy of the flowmeter plays a crucial role in the accurate adjustment of the gas amount delivered by the ventilator. Among several solutions, variable area orifice meters (VAOMs) have several valuable features (e.g., good accuracy, and adequate frequency response), moreover they have the main advantage, with respect to orifice meters, related to the linearity of the response. Despite of their spread in this field, there are not studies focused on the analysis of the air temperature influence on VAOMs response. This study focuses on this topic by investigating the gas temperature influence on the response of a commercial VAOM. Experiments have been performed at low airflow (up to 1.5 L·min-1) and at four different temperatures (i.e., from 22°C to 38°C) covering the range of interest in the field of artificial ventilation. Results show that the response of the VAOM under test is sensitive to temperature: at constant airflow the higher the temperature the higher the sensor output. This analysis may be useful to add correction to sensor output in order to reject the influence of temperature, so to minimize the measurement error due to this factor.
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23
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Lo Presti D, Massaroni C, Saccomandi P, Caponero MA, Formica D, Schena E. A wearable textile for respiratory monitoring: Feasibility assessment and analysis of sensors position on system response. Annu Int Conf IEEE Eng Med Biol Soc 2017; 2017:4423-4426. [PMID: 29060878 DOI: 10.1109/embc.2017.8037837] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
The interest on wearable textiles to monitor vital signs is growing in the research field and clinical scenario related to the increasing demands of long-term monitoring. Despite several smart textile-based solutions have been proposed for assessing the respiratory status, only a limited number of devices allow the respiratory monitoring in a harsh environment or in different positions of the human body. In this paper, we investigated the performances of a smart textile for respiratory rate monitoring characterized by 12 fiber optic sensors (i.e., fiber Bragg grating) placed on specific landmarks for compartmental analysis of the chest wall movements during quiet breathing. We focused on the analysis of the influence of sensor position on both peak-to-peak amplitude of sensors output and accuracy of respiratory rate measurements. This analysis was performed on two participants, who wore the textile in two positions (i.e., standing and supine). Bland-Altman analysis on respiratory rate showed promising results (better than 0.3 breaths per minute). Referring to the peak-to-peak output amplitude, the abdomen compartment showed the highest excursions in both the enrolled participants and positions. Our findings open up new approaches to design and develop smart textile for respiratory rate monitoring.
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Saccomandi P, Schena E, Caponero MA, Gassino R, Hernandez J, Perrone G, Vallan A, Diana M, Costamagna G, Marescaux J. Novel carbon fiber probe for temperature monitoring during thermal therapies. Annu Int Conf IEEE Eng Med Biol Soc 2017; 2017:873-876. [PMID: 29060011 DOI: 10.1109/embc.2017.8036963] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
Thermal treatments are a valid clinical option in the management of several solid tumors. The difficulties to perform an accurate prediction improve the selectivity of the treatment effects represent the main hurdles in the spread of these techniques. Among other solutions, thermometric techniques are gaining acceptance in monitoring the effects of thermal treatments because they provide a clear end-point to obtain the complete removal of cancer without damaging the surrounding healthy tissue. This paper proposes a custom needle-like probe made of carbon fibers to embed seven fiber Bragg grating (FBG) sensors. This tool aims at a multiple points monitoring the tissue temperature during the thermal procedures, streamlining the FBG sensors insertion within the organ. After the description of the probe manufacturing, we reported the calibration of the seven sensors embedded within the probe, their step response, and the feasibility assessment of the probe for temperature monitoring during laser ablation on animal model (both in vivo and ex vivo). Results show that the proposed probe is easily maneuverable by the clinician, the sensors have a linear response with the temperature and a short step response; moreover, the probe allows measuring the temperature in seven points of the tissue; finally, it can be used during CTand MR-guided procedures without causing any artifact to the images. Thanks to these features the probe may be an useful solution to improve the safety and the outcomes of minimally invasive thermal ablation procedures, so to spread these procedures in the clinical field.
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25
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Massaroni C, Ciocchetti M, Di Tomaso G, Saccomandi P, Caponero MA, Polimadei A, Formica D, Schena E. Design and preliminary assessment of a smart textile for respiratory monitoring based on an array of Fiber Bragg Gratings. Annu Int Conf IEEE Eng Med Biol Soc 2017; 2016:6054-6057. [PMID: 28269633 DOI: 10.1109/embc.2016.7592109] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
Comfortable and easy to wear smart textiles have gained popularity for continuous respiratory monitoring. Among different emerging technologies, smart textiles based on fiber optic sensors (FOSs) have several advantages, like Magnetic Resonance (MR)-compatibility and good metrological properties. In this paper we report on the development and assessment of an MR-compatible smart textiles based on FOSs for respiratory monitoring. The system consists of six fiber Bragg grating (FBG) sensors glued on the textile to monitor six compartments of the chest wall (i.e., right and left upper thorax, right and left abdominal rib cage, and right and left abdomen). This solution allows monitoring both global respiratory parameters and each compartment volume change. The system converts thoracic movements into strain measured by the FBGs. The positioning of the FBGs was optimized by experiments performed using an optoelectronic system. The feasibility of the smart textile was assessed on 6 healthy volunteers. Experimental data were compared to the ones estimated by an optoelectronic plethysmography used as reference. Promising results were obtained on both breathing period (maximum percentage error is 1.14%), inspiratory and expiratory period, as well as on total volume change (mean percentage difference between the two systems was ~14%). The Bland-Altman analysis shows a satisfactory accuracy for the parameters under investigation. The proposed system is safe and non-invasive, MR-compatible, and allows monitoring compartmental volumes.
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26
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Cordella F, Taffoni F, Raiano L, Carpino G, Pantoni M, Zollo L, Schena E, Guglielmelli E, Formica D. Design and development of a sensorized cylindrical object for grasping assessment. Annu Int Conf IEEE Eng Med Biol Soc 2017; 2016:3366-3369. [PMID: 28269025 DOI: 10.1109/embc.2016.7591449] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
Aim of this work is to design and develop an instrumented cylindrical object equipped with force sensors, which is able to assess grasping performance of both human and robotic hands. The object is made of two concentric shells between which sixteen piezoresistive sensors have been located in order to measure the forces applied by the hand fingers during grasping. Furthermore, a magneto-inertial unit has been positioned inside the object for acquiring information about object orientation during manipulation. A wireless communication between the electronic boards, responsible for acquiring the data from the sensors, and a remote laptop has been guaranteed. The object has been conceived in such a way to be adopted for evaluating both power and precision grasps and for measuring the forces applied by each finger of the hand. In order to evaluate object performance, a finite element analysis for estimating the deformation of the external shell for different force values has been carried out. Moreover, to evaluate object sensitivity, a static analysis of the force transmitted by the external shell to the underlying sensors has been performed by varying the thickness of the shells. The obtained preliminary results have validated the feasibility of using the developed object for assessing grasping performed by human and robotic hands.
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27
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Hoffmann H, Nedialkova L, Hofmann-Thiel S, Kohl T, Merker M, Keller PM, Schena E, Cirillo DM, Niemann S. Delamanid and Bedaquiline resistance in Mycobacterium tuberculosis ancestral Beijing genotype causing XDR-TB in a Tibetian refugee. Pneumologie 2017. [DOI: 10.1055/s-0037-1598437] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- H Hoffmann
- Synlab – Med. Versorgungszentrum Gauting am Who – Supranationalen Referenzlabor für Tuberkulose
| | - L Nedialkova
- Synlab – Med. Versorgungszentrum Gauting am Who – Supranationalen Referenzlabor für Tuberkulose
| | - S Hofmann-Thiel
- Synlab – Med. Versorgungszentrum Gauting am Who – Supranationalen Referenzlabor für Tuberkulose
| | - T Kohl
- Molecular Mycobacteriology, Research Center Borstel
| | - M Merker
- Molecular Mycobacteriology, Research Center Borstel
| | - PM Keller
- Institut für Medizinische Mikrobiologie, Universität Zürich
| | - E Schena
- Emerging Bacterial Pathogens Unit, Division of Immunology, Transplantation and Infectious Diseases, San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan
| | - DM Cirillo
- Emerging Bacterial Pathogens Unit, Division of Immunology, Transplantation and Infectious Diseases, San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan
| | - S Niemann
- Molecular Mycobacteriology, Research Center Borstel
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28
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Hoffmann H, Borroni E, Schena E, Nedialkova L, Hofmann-Thiel S, Cirillo D. Delamanid susceptibility testing of Mycobacterium tuberculosis using the resazurin microtitre assay and the BACTEC™ MGIT™ 960 system-authors' response. J Antimicrob Chemother 2016; 71:3625. [PMID: 27621178 DOI: 10.1093/jac/dkw365] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Harald Hoffmann
- WHO Supranational Reference Laboratory Munich-Gauting, IML red, Gauting, Germany .,Synlab MVZ Gauting, Synlab Services GmbH, Augsburg, Germany
| | - Emanuele Borroni
- Emerging Bacterial Pathogens Unit, Division of Immunology, Transplantation and Infectious Diseases, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy
| | - Elisa Schena
- Emerging Bacterial Pathogens Unit, Division of Immunology, Transplantation and Infectious Diseases, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy.,CNR Institute of Molecular Genetics, Unit of Bologna, Bologna, Italy
| | - Lubov Nedialkova
- WHO Supranational Reference Laboratory Munich-Gauting, IML red, Gauting, Germany
| | - Sabine Hofmann-Thiel
- WHO Supranational Reference Laboratory Munich-Gauting, IML red, Gauting, Germany.,Synlab MVZ Gauting, Synlab Services GmbH, Augsburg, Germany
| | - Daniela Cirillo
- Emerging Bacterial Pathogens Unit, Division of Immunology, Transplantation and Infectious Diseases, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy
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Saccomandi P, Schena E, Diana M, Di Matteo FM, Costamagna G, Marescaux J. Multipoint temperature monitoring in liver undergoing computed tomography-guided radiofrequency ablation with fiber Bragg grating probes. Annu Int Conf IEEE Eng Med Biol Soc 2016; 2016:5174-5179. [PMID: 28269431 DOI: 10.1109/embc.2016.7591893] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
In this work, we investigated the temperature increment experienced by biological tissue during radiofrequency ablation (RFA). The measurements were performed by using two custom-made thermal probes based on fiber optic sensors (fiber Bragg gratings, FBGs). The two probes embed a total of 9 FBGs. Experiments were performed during RFA of an ex vivo healthy porcine liver. The RFA heating module was equipped with 5 thermocouples. Results show that the temperature increment close to the applicator (i.e., 0.6 cm-0.7 cm) reaches the temperature which is set as a target on the RFA module (i.e., approximately 100 °C). The distance from the applicator also has an impact on the dynamics of the heating phenomenon: at short distances the tissue temperature reaches a steady state condition after a few minutes, on the other hand the sensors placed at a distance ≥2cm did not reach the steady-state conditions during the 14-minute procedure. The multipoint temperature monitoring, which uses sensors at several distances from the applicator, can provide useful information regarding the boundary of damaged volume. This approach can be combined with the monitoring temperature system embedded in the heating equipment, to better control the damaged volume, and to improve the treatment outcomes.
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Massaroni C, Schena E, Saccomandi P, Silvestri S. A novel tool and procedure for in-situ volumetric calibration of motion capture systems for breathing analysis. Annu Int Conf IEEE Eng Med Biol Soc 2016; 2016:5797-5800. [PMID: 28269572 DOI: 10.1109/embc.2016.7592045] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
Optical motion capture systems are widely used in biomechanics although have not been significantly explored for measuring volumes and volume variations yet. The aim of this study was to propose and test a completely novel procedure for the calibration of motion capture systems for the breathing analysis in terms of volume measurements, by the use of a tool consisting in an ad-hoc designed in-situ calibration device (CD) and two algorithms for calibration. Both the calibration tool and the calibration procedure performed in the range 0-2780mL on an Optoelectronic Plethysmography (OEP) system are presented. The CD delivered known volume (ΔVCD) variations to the OEP; the two algorithms performed the calibration by the comparison between ΔVCD and OEP recorded volume (ΔVOEP), in both static and dynamic conditions. Discrimination threshold, accuracy, precision and repeatability for the volume variation measurements have been evaluated, as well as the calibration curve of the OEP. OEP volume threshold of ±8.92mL was assessed; the volume measurement accuracy was always better than 6.0% of measured volume, and a volume repeatability of ±2.7mL was found. Lastly, the calibration curve was assessed to be ΔVOEP= 0.962·ΔVCD. Results demonstrate that the proposed calibration procedure can be useful to provide an in-situ accurate calibration of motion capture systems in the volume analysis, to optimize the hardware and the software of the available system for volume measurement as well as to establish the motion capture system appropriateness, in terms of technical suitability and data quality.
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Napoleoni F, Caponera M, Polimadei A, Tosi D, Saccomandi P, Schena E. Monitoring of thermal treatment by linearly chirped fiber Bragg grating sensors: feasibility assessment during laser ablation on ex vivo liver. Annu Int Conf IEEE Eng Med Biol Soc 2016; 2016:6493-6496. [PMID: 28269734 DOI: 10.1109/embc.2016.7592216] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
In this work a spatially-resolved fiber optic temperature sensor has been characterized in a wide range of gradient applied on its active area (from -35 °C to +35 °C). Preliminary experiments to assess its feasibility for application in laser ablation have been performed. The sensor under test is a linearly chirped fiber Bragg grating (FBG), with 1.5 cm-length of active area. It can be considered as a chain of several FBGs, each able to sense local temperature. The sensor response to the gradient has been analyzed in terms of its spectrum width (full width at half maximum). There is a linear relationship between the full width at half maximum and the gradient, with a sensitivity of 0.0087 nm°C-1. The feasibility test using the linearly chirped FBG during laser ablation showed promising results: it is able to detect both the thermal gradients along is active area and the average temperature increment during the procedure.
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Saccomandi P, Frauenfelder G, Massaroni C, Caponera MA, Polimadei A, Taffoni F, Di Matteo FM, Costamagna G, Giurazza F, Schena E. Temperature monitoring during radiofrequency ablation of liver: in vivo trials. Annu Int Conf IEEE Eng Med Biol Soc 2016; 2016:344-347. [PMID: 28268347 DOI: 10.1109/embc.2016.7590710] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
Radiofrequency ablation (RFA) is a minimally invasive procedure used to treat tumors by means of hyperthermia, mostly through percutaneous approach. The tissue temperature plays a pivotal role in the achievement of the target volume heating, while sparing the surrounding healthy tissue from thermal damage. Several techniques for thermometry during RFA are investigated, most of them based on the use of single-point measurement system (e.g., thermocouples). The measurement of temperature map is crucial for the real-time control and fine adjustment of the treatment settings, to optimize the shape and size of the ablated volume. The recent interest about fiber optic sensors and, among them, fiber Bragg gratings (FBGs) for the monitoring of thermal effects motivated further investigation. In particular, the feature of FBGs to form an array of several elements, thus to be inscribed within the same fiber, allows the use of a single probe for the multi-points monitoring of the tissue temperature during RFA. Hence, the aim of this study is the development and characterization of a needle-like probe embedding an array of three FBGs, which was tested on pig liver during in vivo trials. The needle allows a safe and easy insertion of the fiber optic within the liver. It was inserted by ultrasound guidance into the liver, and monitored the change of tissue temperature during RFA controlled by the roll-off technique. Also the measurement error induced by breathing movements of the liver was assessed (less than 3 °C). Results encourage the use of the probe in clinical settings, as well as the improvement of some features, e.g., a higher number of FBGs for performing quasi-distributed measurement.
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Tesei M, Saccomandi P, Massaroni C, Quarta R, Carassiti M, Schena E, Setola R. A cost-effective, non-invasive system for pressure monitoring during epidural needle insertion: Design, development and bench tests. Annu Int Conf IEEE Eng Med Biol Soc 2016; 2016:194-197. [PMID: 28268312 DOI: 10.1109/embc.2016.7590673] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
Epidural blockade procedures have gained large acceptance during last decades. However, the insertion of the needle during epidural blockade procedures is challenging, and there is an increasing alarming risk in accidental dural puncture. One of the most popular approaches to minimize the mentioned risk is to detect the epidural space on the base of the loss of resistance (LOR) during the epidural needle insertion. The aim of this paper is to illustrate an innovative and non-invasive system able to monitor the pressure exerted during the epidural blockade procedure in order to detect the LOR. The system is based on a Force Sensing Resistor (FSR) sensor arranged on the top of the syringe's plunger. Such a sensor is able to register the resistance opposed to the needle by the different tissues transducing the pressure exerted on the plunger into a change of an electrical resistance. Hence, on the base of a peculiar algorithm, the system automatically detects LOR providing visual and acoustic feedbacks to the operator improving the safety of the procedure. Experiments have been performed to characterize the measurement device and to validate the whole system. Notice that the proposed solution is able to perform an effective detection of the LOR.
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Carassiti M, Mattei A, Pizzo CM, Vallone N, Saccomandi P, Schena E. Bronchial blockers under pressure: in vitro model and ex vivo model. Br J Anaesth 2016; 117 Suppl 1:i92-i96. [PMID: 27307290 DOI: 10.1093/bja/aew120] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 03/09/2016] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Pressures (Pe) exerted by bronchial blockers on the inner wall of the bronchi may cause mucosal ischaemia. Our aims were as follows: (i) to compare the intracuff pressure (Pi) and Pe exerted by commercially available bronchial blockers in an in vitro and an ex vivo model; (ii) to investigate the influence of both the inflated intracuff volume and cuff diameter on Pe; and (iii) to estimate the minimal sealing volume (VSmin) and the corresponding Pe for each bronchial blocker studied. METHODS The Pe exerted by seven commercial bronchial blockers was measured at different inflation volumes using a custom-designed system using in vitro and ex vivo animal models with two internal diameters (12 and 15 mm). RESULTS In the same conditions, Pi was significantly lower than Pe (P<0.05), and Pe was higher in the in vitro model than in the ex vivo model. The Pe increased with the inflated volume, with use of the small-diameter model (P<0.05). Ex vivo models needed a higher minimal sealing volume than the in vitro models, and this volume increased with the diameter (e.g. the VSmin at a positive pressure of 25 cm H2O required a Pe ranging from 12 to 78 mm Hg on the 15 mm ex vivo model and from 66 to 110 mm Hg on the 12 mm ex vivo model). CONCLUSIONS The Pi cannot be used to approximate Pe. The diameter of the model, the inflated volume, and the bronchial blocker design all influence Pe. A pressure higher than the critical ischaemic threshold (i.e. 25 mm Hg) was needed to prevent air leak around the cuff in the in vitro and ex vivo models.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Carassiti
- Unit of Anesthesia, Intensive Care and Pain Management, Department of Medicine
| | - A Mattei
- Unit of Anesthesia, Intensive Care and Pain Management, Department of Medicine
| | - C M Pizzo
- Unit of Anesthesia, Intensive Care and Pain Management, Department of Medicine
| | - N Vallone
- Unit of Measurements and Biomedical Instrumentation, Center for Integrated Research, Università Campus Bio-Medico di Roma, Via Álvaro del Portillo 21, Rome 00128, Italy
| | - P Saccomandi
- Unit of Measurements and Biomedical Instrumentation, Center for Integrated Research, Università Campus Bio-Medico di Roma, Via Álvaro del Portillo 21, Rome 00128, Italy
| | - E Schena
- Unit of Measurements and Biomedical Instrumentation, Center for Integrated Research, Università Campus Bio-Medico di Roma, Via Álvaro del Portillo 21, Rome 00128, Italy
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Schena E, Nedialkova L, Borroni E, Battaglia S, Cabibbe AM, Niemann S, Utpatel C, Merker M, Trovato A, Hofmann-Thiel S, Hoffmann H, Cirillo DM. Delamanid susceptibility testing ofMycobacterium tuberculosisusing the resazurin microtitre assay and the BACTEC™ MGIT™ 960 system. J Antimicrob Chemother 2016; 71:1532-9. [DOI: 10.1093/jac/dkw044] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2015] [Accepted: 02/03/2016] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
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Massaroni C, Schena E, Saccomandi P, Morrone M, Sterzi S, Silvestri S. Evaluation of optoelectronic Plethysmography accuracy and precision in recording displacements during quiet breathing simulation. Annu Int Conf IEEE Eng Med Biol Soc 2016; 2015:1291-4. [PMID: 26736504 DOI: 10.1109/embc.2015.7318604] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
Opto-electronic Plethysmography (OEP) is a motion analysis system used to measure chest wall kinematics and to indirectly evaluate respiratory volumes during breathing. Its working principle is based on the computation of marker displacements placed on the chest wall. This work aims at evaluating the accuracy and precision of OEP in measuring displacement in the range of human chest wall displacement during quiet breathing. OEP performances were investigated by the use of a fully programmable chest wall simulator (CWS). CWS was programmed to move 10 times its eight shafts in the range of physiological displacement (i.e., between 1 mm and 8 mm) at three different frequencies (i.e., 0.17 Hz, 0.25 Hz, 0.33 Hz). Experiments were performed with the aim to: (i) evaluate OEP accuracy and precision error in recording displacement in the overall calibrated volume and in three sub-volumes, (ii) evaluate the OEP volume measurement accuracy due to the measurement accuracy of linear displacements. OEP showed an accuracy better than 0.08 mm in all trials, considering the whole 2m(3) calibrated volume. The mean measurement discrepancy was 0.017 mm. The precision error, expressed as the ratio between measurement uncertainty and the recorded displacement by OEP, was always lower than 0.55%. Volume overestimation due to OEP linear measurement accuracy was always <; 12 mL (<; 3.2% of total volume), considering all settings.
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Romeo RA, Cordella F, Zollo L, Formica D, Saccomandi P, Schena E, Carpino G, Davalli A, Sacchetti R, Guglielmelli E. Development and preliminary testing of an instrumented object for force analysis during grasping. Annu Int Conf IEEE Eng Med Biol Soc 2016; 2015:6720-3. [PMID: 26737835 DOI: 10.1109/embc.2015.7319935] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
This paper presents the design and realization of an instrumented object for force analysis during grasping. The object, with spherical shape, has been constructed with three contact areas in order to allow performing a tripod grasp. Force Sensing Resistor (FSR) sensors have been employed for normal force measurements, while an accelerometer has been used for slip detection. An electronic board for data acquisition has been embedded into the object, so that only the cables for power supply exit from it. Validation tests have been carried out for: (i) comparing the force measurements with a ground truth; (ii) assessing the capability of the accelerometer to detect slippage for different roughness values; (iii) evaluating object performance in grasp trials performed by a human subject.
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Saccomandi P, Caponero MA, Polimadei A, Francomano M, Formica D, Accoto D, Tamilia E, Taffoni F, Di Pino G, Schena E. An MR-compatible force sensor based on FBG technology for biomedical application. Annu Int Conf IEEE Eng Med Biol Soc 2015; 2014:5731-4. [PMID: 25571297 DOI: 10.1109/embc.2014.6944929] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
Fiber Bragg Grating (FBG) technology is very attractive to develop sensors for the measurement of thermal and mechanical parameters in biological applications, particularly in presence of electromagnetic interferences. This work presents the design, working principle and experimental characterization of a force sensor based on two FBGs, with the feature of being compatible with Magnetic Resonance. Two prototypes based on different designs are considered and characterized: 1) the fiber with the FBGs is encapsulated in a polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) sheet; 2) the fiber with the FBGs is free without the employment of any polymeric layer. Results show that the prototype which adopts the polymeric sheet has a wider range of measurement (4200 mN vs 250 mN) and good linearity; although it has lower sensitivity (≈0.1 nm-N(1) vs 7 nm-N(1)). The sensor without polymeric layer is also characterized by employing a differential configuration which allows neglecting the influence of temperature. This solution improves the linearity of the sensor, on the other hand the sensitivity decreases. The resulting good metrological properties of the prototypes here tested make them attractive for the intended application and in general for force measurement during biomedical applications in presence of electromagnetic interferences.
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Saccomandi P, Schena E, Massaroni C, Fong Y, Grasso RF, Giurazza F, Beomonte Zobel B, Buy X, Palussiere J, Cazzato RL. Temperature monitoring during microwave ablation in ex vivo porcine livers. Eur J Surg Oncol 2015; 41:1699-705. [PMID: 26433708 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejso.2015.08.171] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2015] [Revised: 08/03/2015] [Accepted: 08/17/2015] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The aim of the present study was to assess the temperature map and its reproducibility while applying two different MWA systems (915 MHz vs 2.45 GHz) in ex vivo porcine livers. MATERIALS AND METHODS Fifteen fresh pig livers were treated using the two antennae at three different settings: treatment time of 10 min and power of 45 W for both systems; 4 min and 100 W for the 2.45 GHz system. Trends of temperature were recorded during all procedures by means of fiber optic-based probes located at five fixed distances from the antenna, ranging between 10 mm and 30 mm. Each trial was repeated twice to assess the reproducibility of temperature distribution. RESULTS Temperature as function of distance from the antenna can be modeled by a decreasing exponential trend. At the same settings, temperature obtained with the 2.45 GHz system was higher than that obtained with the 915 MHz thus resulting into a wider area of ablation (diameter 17 mm vs 15 mm). Both systems showed good reproducibility in terms of temperature distribution (root mean squared difference for both systems ranged between 2.8 °C and 3.4 °C). CONCLUSIONS When both MWA systems are applied, a decreasing exponential model can predict the temperature map. The 2.45 GHz antenna causes higher temperatures as compared to the 915 MHz thus, resulting into larger areas of ablation. Both systems showed good reproducibility although better results were achieved with the 2.45 GHz antenna.
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Affiliation(s)
- P Saccomandi
- Unit of Measurements and Biomedical Instrumentation, Center for Integrated Research, Università Campus Bio-Medico di Roma, Via Álvaro del Portillo, 21, Rome 00128, Italy.
| | - E Schena
- Unit of Measurements and Biomedical Instrumentation, Center for Integrated Research, Università Campus Bio-Medico di Roma, Via Álvaro del Portillo, 21, Rome 00128, Italy.
| | - C Massaroni
- Unit of Measurements and Biomedical Instrumentation, Center for Integrated Research, Università Campus Bio-Medico di Roma, Via Álvaro del Portillo, 21, Rome 00128, Italy.
| | - Y Fong
- Department of Surgery, City of Hope, Duarte-Main Campus, 1500 East Duarte Road, Duarte, CA 91010, USA.
| | - R F Grasso
- Unit of Radiology, Università Campus Bio-Medico di Roma, Via Álvaro del Portillo, 21, Rome 00128, Italy.
| | - F Giurazza
- Unit of Radiology, Università Campus Bio-Medico di Roma, Via Álvaro del Portillo, 21, Rome 00128, Italy.
| | - B Beomonte Zobel
- Unit of Radiology, Università Campus Bio-Medico di Roma, Via Álvaro del Portillo, 21, Rome 00128, Italy.
| | - X Buy
- Department of Radiology, Institut Bergonié, 229 Cours de l'Argonne, 33076 Bordeaux Cedex, France.
| | - J Palussiere
- Department of Radiology, Institut Bergonié, 229 Cours de l'Argonne, 33076 Bordeaux Cedex, France.
| | - R L Cazzato
- Unit of Radiology, Università Campus Bio-Medico di Roma, Via Álvaro del Portillo, 21, Rome 00128, Italy.
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Giurazza F, Schena E, Del Vescovo R, Cazzato RL, Mortato L, Saccomandi P, Paternostro F, Onofri L, Zobel BB. Sex determination from scapular length measurements by CT scans images in a Caucasian population. Annu Int Conf IEEE Eng Med Biol Soc 2015; 2013:1632-5. [PMID: 24110016 DOI: 10.1109/embc.2013.6609829] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
Together with race, stature and age, sex is a main component of the biological identity. Thanks to its proportional correlation with parts of the human body, sex can be evaluated form the skeleton. The most accurate approach to determine sex by bone size is based on os coxae or skull. After natural disaster their presence can never be guaranteed, therefore the development of methods of sex determination using other skeletal elements can result crucial. Herein, sexual dimorphism in the human scapula is used to develop a two-variable discriminant function for sex estimation. We have enrolled 100 males and 100 females who underwent thoracic CT scan evaluation and we have estimated two scapular diameters. The estimation has been carried out by analyzing images of the scapulae of each patient after three dimensional post-processing reconstructions. The two-variable function allows to obtain an overall accuracy of 88% on the calibration sample. Furthermore, we have employed the mentioned function on a collection of 10 individual test sample from the collection of the "Museo di Anatomia Umana di Firenze" of the Università degli Studi di Firenze; sex has been correctly predicted on 9 skeletons.
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Accoto D, Schena E, Cidda M, Francomano M, Saccomandi P, Silvestri S. A micro opto-mechanical displacement sensor based on micro-diffraction gratings: design and characterization. Annu Int Conf IEEE Eng Med Biol Soc 2015; 2013:4714-7. [PMID: 24110787 DOI: 10.1109/embc.2013.6610600] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
A micro opto-mechanical displacement sensor is here presented. It is constituted by a sensing element based on two overlapped micro-diffraction gratings (MDGs). They present a platinum layer (45 nm of thick) on a glass substrate, a period of 525 µm constituted by a width of 150 µm of platinum separated (71.4% duty cycle). The working principle is based on the modulation of light intensity induced by the relative displacement between the MDGs: when a laser light perpendicularly hits the MDGs, the intensity of the transmitted light is a periodic function of the relative displacement between the two MDGs. A fiber optic is used to transport the transmitted light to a photodetector in order to avoid concerns related to the alignment between the optical components. The sensor's output is the ratio between the light intensity measured by the photodetector during the displacement of the MDGs and largest light intensity values measured in the whole range of measurement, therefore, it is lower than 1. The proposed sensor allows to discriminate displacement lower than 10 µm, using a cost effective micro-fabrication process implemented by the technique of Lift-Off. It shows a good linear behaviour in two ranges covering about one half of the MDGs period. Within the linear ranges it shows high sensitivity (about 0.5%/µm) and good accuracy (lower than 4% in the whole range of calibration); furthermore, the results show that a design with a duty cycle of 50% overcomes the marked decrease of sensitivity in a range of measurement corresponding to a grating period.
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Vallone N, Pizzo MC, Massaroni C, Saccomandi P, Silvestri S, Carassiti M, Mattei A, Schena E. Design and characterization of a measurement system for monitoring pressure exerted by bronchial blockers: In vitro trials. Annu Int Conf IEEE Eng Med Biol Soc 2015; 2015:1691-1694. [PMID: 26736602 DOI: 10.1109/embc.2015.7318702] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
Bronchial blockers (BBs) allow occluding the bronchial duct and collapsing the "dependent" lung in a number of thoracic surgery. The occlusion is obtained through a cuff that, inflated with a proper air volume, exerts a pressure, Pe, on the inner wall of the mainstem bronchus. In this work a measurement chain, based on two piezorestistive force sensors, was developed and calibrated to measure Pe exerted by six BBs, as a function of inflated volume on in vitro models (two latex ducts with diameters similar to the ones of the adult mainstem bronchi: 12 mm and 15 mm). Pe showed wide changes considering different BBs, and significantly increases with the decrease of the model's diameter, at the same inflated volume. Lastly, the minimum occlusive volume (MOV) to sail the two models was estimated for each BB. These experiments were performed by applying a pressure difference across the cuff of 25 cmH2O, in order to simulate the worst condition in a clinical scenario. Results show that MOV depends on both the type of BB and the duct diameter. The knowledge of this volume allows estimating the minimum value of Pe exerted by BBs to avoid air leakage.
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Saccomandi P, Schena E, Massaroni C, Di Matteo FM, Silvestri S. Goniometric measurement for the estimation of anisotropy coefficient of human and animal pancreas. Annu Int Conf IEEE Eng Med Biol Soc 2015; 2015:1283-1286. [PMID: 26736502 DOI: 10.1109/embc.2015.7318602] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
Estimation of optical properties of biologic tissues is determinant for laser dosimetry in medical applications. Tissues highly absorb and scatter the light in near infrared spectrum, where the laser provides therapeutic effects. Novel frontiers of clinical practice, e.g., the employment of laser light for the treatment of pancreatic cancer, require information about pancreas-laser interaction, which are crucial for therapy management. The property of biological tissues to scatter the light traveling through is described by the anisotropy coefficient (g). The relationship between g and the angular distribution of the scattered light is described by Henyey-Greenstein phase function. The measurement of angular distribution of scattered light is performed by the goniometric technique. This paper describes the estimation of g of ex vivo pancreas at 1064 nm, performed by a goniometric-based system, where a photodetector measures intensities of scattered light at fixed angles between -120° and 120°. A two-term Henyey-Greenstein phase function has been employed to estimate anisotropy coefficient for forward (gfs) and backward scattering (gbs). Experimental trails were performed to assess the repeatability of measurement system: percentage value of standard deviation is generally lower than 8% for angles higher (lower) than 13° (13°). Measurements were performed for the first time on healthy swine pancreas, aiming to investigate the influence of coagulation temperature: gfs decreases from 0.94 (at 25 °C) to 0.93 (at 80 °C). Afterwards, the same set up has been employed for the estimation of g of human pancreas affected by neuroendocrine tumor, which presented an estimated values for gfs of 0.89.
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Saccomandi P, Lupi G, Schena E, Polimadei A, Caponero M, Panzera F, Martino M, Di Matteo FM, Sciuto S, Silvestri S. Influence of FBG sensors length on temperature measures in laser-irradiated pancreas: theoretical and experimental evaluation. Annu Int Conf IEEE Eng Med Biol Soc 2015; 2013:3737-40. [PMID: 24110543 DOI: 10.1109/embc.2013.6610356] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
Temperature distribution T(x,y,z,t) in tissue undergoing Laser-induced Interstitial Thermotherapy (LITT) plays a crucial role on treatment outcome. Theoretical and experimental assessment of temperature on ex vivo laser-irradiated pancreas is presented. The aim of this work is to assess the influence of thermometers dimensions on temperature measures during LITT. T(x,y,z,t) inside tissue is monitored by optical sensors, i.e., Fiber Bragg Gratings (FBGs): three FBGs with lengths of 10 mm and nine FBGs of 1 mm, at different distances (2 mm, 5 mm and 10 mm) and different quotes (0 mm, 2 mm and 4 mm) from the laser fiber tip are used. Theoretical punctual T(x,y,z,t) is averaged out on both 10 mm and 1 mm in order to compare numerical predictions with experimental data. Results demonstrate the influence of FBG length on T(x,y,z,t) measures. This phenomenon depends on the distance between sensor and applicator: it is particularly significant close to the applicator tip (2 mm) because of the high spatial T(x,y,z,t) gradient within the tissue. Both theoretical results and experimental ones show that just at a distance of 10 mm from the tip, differences between T(x,y,z,t) provided by FBGs of 10 mm and 1 mm are negligible.
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Allegretti G, Saccomandi P, Giurazza F, Caponero M, Frauenfelder G, Di Matteo F, Beomonte Zobel B, Silvestri S, Schena E. Magnetic resonance-based thermometry during laser ablation on ex-vivo swine pancreas and liver. Med Eng Phys 2015; 37:631-41. [DOI: 10.1016/j.medengphy.2015.04.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/14/2014] [Revised: 04/02/2015] [Accepted: 04/14/2015] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
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Schena E, Saccomandi P, Giurazza F, Del Vescovo R, Mortato L, Martino M, Panzera F, Di Matteo FM, Beomonte Zobel B, Silvestri S. Monitoring of temperature increase and tissue vaporization during laser interstitial thermotherapy of ex vivo swine liver by computed tomography. Annu Int Conf IEEE Eng Med Biol Soc 2015; 2013:378-81. [PMID: 24109703 DOI: 10.1109/embc.2013.6609516] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
Laser interstitial thermotherapy (LITT) is a minimally invasive technique used to thermally destroy tumour cells. Being based on hyperthermia, LITT outcome depends on the temperature distribution inside the tissue. Recently, CT scan thermometry, based on the dependence of the CT number (HU) on tissue temperature (T) has been introduced during LITT; it is an attractive approach to monitor T because it overcomes the concerns related to the invasiveness. We performed LITT on nine ex vivo swine livers at three different laser powers, (P=1.5 W, P=3 W, P=5 W) with a constant treatment time t=200 s; HU is averaged on two ellipsoidal regions of interest (ROI) of 0.2 cm2, placed at two distances from the applicator (d=3.6 mm and d=8.7 mm); a reference ROI was placed away from the applicator (d=30 mm). The aim of this study is twofold: 1) to evaluate the effect of the T increase in terms of HU variation in ex vivo swine livers undergoing LITT; and 2) to estimate the P value for tissue vaporization. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first study focused on the HU variation in swine livers undergoing LITT at different P. The reported findings could be useful to assess the effect of LITT on the liver in terms of both T changes and tissue vaporization, with the aim to obtain an effective therapy.
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Furci L, Schena E, Miotto P, Cirillo D. MicroRNA induction in human macrophages associated with infection with ancient and modern TB strains. Int J Mycobacteriol 2015. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijmyco.2014.12.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
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Saccomandi P, Vogel V, Bazrafshan B, Schena E, Vogl TJ, Silvestri S, Mäntele W. Estimation of anisotropy coefficient and total attenuation of swine liver at 850 nm based on a goniometric technique: influence of sample thickness. Annu Int Conf IEEE Eng Med Biol Soc 2015; 2014:5332-5. [PMID: 25571198 DOI: 10.1109/embc.2014.6944830] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
Estimation of optical properties of biologic tissue is crucial for theoretical modeling of laser treatments in medicine. Tissue highly absorbs and scatters the light between 650 nm and 1300 nm, where the laser provides therapeutic effects. Among other properties, the characteristic of biological tissues to scatter the light traveling trough, is described by the anisotropy coefficient (g). The relationship between g and the distribution of the scattered light at different angles is described by Henyey-Greenstein phase function. The measurement of angular distribution of scattered light is performed by the goniometric technique. This paper describes the estimation of g and attenuation coefficient, μt, of swine liver at 850 nm, performed by an ad hoc designed goniometric-based system, where a spectrometer measures intensities of scattered light at fixed angles (0°, 30°, 45°, 60, 120°, 135° and 150°). Both one-term and two-term Henyey-Greenstein phase function have been employed to estimate anisotropy coefficient for forward (gfs) and backward scattering (gbs). Measurements are performed on samples of two thicknesses (60 um and 30 urn) to investigate the influence of this factor on g, and repeated 6 times for each thickness. The estimated values of gfs were 0.947 and 0.951 for thickness of 60 μm and 30 μm, respectively; the estimations of gfs were -0.498 and -0.270 for thickness of 60 μm and 30 μm, respectively. Moreover, μt of liver has been estimated (i.e., 90±20 cm(1)), through Lambert-Beer equation. The comparison of our results with data reported in literature encourages the use of the ad hoc designed tool for performing experiments on other tissue, and at other wavelengths.
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Malvarosa I, Massaroni C, Liguori C, Paul J, Beomonte Zobel B, Saccomandi P, Vogl TJ, Silvestri S, Schena E. Estimation of liver iron concentration by dual energy CT images: influence of X-ray energy on sensitivity. Annu Int Conf IEEE Eng Med Biol Soc 2015; 2014:5129-32. [PMID: 25571147 DOI: 10.1109/embc.2014.6944779] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
In hemochromatosis an abnormal accumulation of iron is present in parenchymal organs and especially in liver. Among the several techniques employed to diagnose the iron overload, magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and Computed Tomography (CT) are the most promising non-invasive ones. MRI is largely used but shows limitation including an overestimation of iron and inability to quantify iron at very high concentrations. Therefore, some research groups are focusing on the estimation of iron concentration by CT images. Single X-ray CTs are not able to accurately perform this task in case of the presence of confounding factors (e.g., fat). A potential solution to overcome this concern is the employment of Dual-Energy CT (DECT). The aim of this work is to investigate influence of the kVp and mAs on CT number sensitivity to iron concentration. A phantom with test tubes filled with homogenized porcine liver at different iron concentrations, has been scanned with DECT at different mAs. The images have been analyzed using an ad-hoc developed algorithm which allows minimizing the influence of air bubbles present in the homogenized. Data show that the sensitivity is strongly influenced by kVp (its value almost halves from 80 kVp to 140 kVp; e.g. 0.41 g·μmol(-1) and 0.19 g·μmol(-1) at 80 kVp/120 mAs and 140 kVp/60 mAs respectively), on the other hand the influence of mAs value is negligible.
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Schena E, Fani F, Saccomandi P, Massaroni C, Frauenfelder G, Giurazza F, Silvestri S. Feasibility assessment of CT-based thermometry for temperature monitoring during thermal procedure: Influence of ROI size and scan setting on metrological properties. Annu Int Conf IEEE Eng Med Biol Soc 2015; 2015:7893-7896. [PMID: 26738122 DOI: 10.1109/embc.2015.7320222] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
Computed tomography (CT) thermometry belongs to the wide class of non-invasive temperature monitoring techniques, which includes ultrasound and Magnetic Resonance thermometry. Non-invasive techniques are particularly attractive to be used in hyperthermal procedures for their ability to produce a three-dimensional temperature map and because they overcome the risks related to the insertion of sensing elements.
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