1
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Hammann N, Lenz D, Bianzano A, Husain RA, Forman E, Bernstein JA, Dattner T, Engelen M, Hanson-Kahn AK, Isidor B, Kotzaeridou U, Tietze A, Trollmann R, Weiß C, Wolffenbuttel BHR, Kölker S, Hoffmann GF, Crushell E, Staufner C, Mohr A, Harting I. MRI in LARS1 deficiency-Spectrum, patterns, and correlation with acute neurological deterioration. J Inherit Metab Dis 2024. [PMID: 38951950 DOI: 10.1002/jimd.12764] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2024] [Revised: 05/10/2024] [Accepted: 05/14/2024] [Indexed: 07/03/2024]
Abstract
Leucine aminoacyl tRNA-synthetase 1 (LARS1)-deficiency (infantile liver failure syndrome type 1 (ILFS1)) has a multisystemic phenotype including fever-associated acute liver failure (ALF), chronic neurologic abnormalities, and encephalopathic episodes. In order to better characterize encephalopathic episodes and MRI changes, 35 cranial MRIs from 13 individuals with LARS1 deficiency were systematically assessed and neurological phenotype was analyzed. All individuals had developmental delay and 10/13 had seizures. Encephalopathic episodes in 8/13 were typically associated with infections, presented with seizures and reduced consciousness, mostly accompanied by hepatic dysfunction, and recovery in 17/19 episodes. Encephalopathy without hepatic dysfunction occurred in one individual after liver transplantation. On MRI, 5/7 individuals with MRI during acute encephalopathy had deep gray matter and brainstem changes. Supratentorial cortex involvement (6/13) and cerebellar watershed injury (4/13) occurred with seizures and/or encephalopathy. Abnormal brainstem contour on sagittal images (8/13), atrophy (8/13), and myelination delay (8/13) were not clearly associated with encephalopathy. The pattern of deep gray matter and brainstem changes are apparently characteristic of encephalopathy in LARS1-deficiency, differing from patterns of hepatic encephalopathy or metabolic stroke in organic acidurias and mitochondrial diseases. While the pathomechanism remains unclear, fever and energy deficit during infections might be causative; thus, sufficient glucose and protein intake along with pro-active fever management is suggested. As severe episodes were observed during influenza infections, we strongly recommend seasonal vaccination.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nicole Hammann
- Medical Faculty, University Hospital Heidelberg, Center for Child and Adolescent Medicine, Division of Pediatric Neurology and Metabolic Medicine, Heidelberg University, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Dominic Lenz
- Medical Faculty, University Hospital Heidelberg, Center for Child and Adolescent Medicine, Division of Pediatric Neurology and Metabolic Medicine, Heidelberg University, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Alyssa Bianzano
- Medical Faculty, University Hospital Heidelberg, Center for Child and Adolescent Medicine, Division of Pediatric Neurology and Metabolic Medicine, Heidelberg University, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Ralf A Husain
- Centre for Inborn Metabolic Disorders, Department of Neuropediatrics, Jena University Hospital, Jena, Germany
| | - Eva Forman
- National Centre for Inherited Metabolic Disorders, Children's Health Ireland at Temple Street and Crumlin, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Jonathan A Bernstein
- Department of Pediatrics, Stanford School of Medicine, Stanford, California, USA
- Center for Undiagnosed Diseases, Stanford University, Stanford, California, USA
| | - Tal Dattner
- Medical Faculty, University Hospital Heidelberg, Center for Child and Adolescent Medicine, Division of Pediatric Neurology and Metabolic Medicine, Heidelberg University, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Marc Engelen
- Department of Child Neurology, Amsterdam Leukodystrophy Center, Emma Children's Hospital, Amsterdam UMC Location, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam Neuroscience, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Andrea K Hanson-Kahn
- Department of Genetics, Stanford University School of Medicine, Palo Alto, California, USA
- Department of Pediatrics, Division of Medical Genetics, Lucile Packard Children's Hospital, Palo Alto, California, USA
| | - Bertrand Isidor
- CHU Nantes, Service de Génétique Médicale, Nantes, France
- INSERM, CNRS, UNIV Nantes, l'institut du thorax, Nantes, France
| | - Urania Kotzaeridou
- Medical Faculty, University Hospital Heidelberg, Center for Child and Adolescent Medicine, Division of Pediatric Neurology and Metabolic Medicine, Heidelberg University, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Anna Tietze
- Institute of Neuroradiology, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Regina Trollmann
- Department of Neuropaediatrics, University Hospital Erlangen, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Claudia Weiß
- Department of Neuropediatrics, Sozialpädiatrisches Zentrum (SPZ), Center for Chronically Sick Children, Charité-Universitätsmedizin, Berlin, Germany
- Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Berlin Institute of Health, Berlin, Germany
| | - Bruce H R Wolffenbuttel
- Department of Endocrinology, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Stefan Kölker
- Medical Faculty, University Hospital Heidelberg, Center for Child and Adolescent Medicine, Division of Pediatric Neurology and Metabolic Medicine, Heidelberg University, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Georg F Hoffmann
- Medical Faculty, University Hospital Heidelberg, Center for Child and Adolescent Medicine, Division of Pediatric Neurology and Metabolic Medicine, Heidelberg University, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Ellen Crushell
- National Centre for Inherited Metabolic Disorders, Children's Health Ireland at Temple Street and Crumlin, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Christian Staufner
- Medical Faculty, University Hospital Heidelberg, Center for Child and Adolescent Medicine, Division of Pediatric Neurology and Metabolic Medicine, Heidelberg University, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Alexander Mohr
- Department of Neuroradiology, University Hospital Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Inga Harting
- Department of Neuroradiology, University Hospital Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany
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2
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Theuriet J, Marte S, Isapof A, de Becdelièvre A, Konyukh M, Laureano-Figueroa SM, Latour P, Quadrio I, Maisonobe T, Antonellis A, Stojkovic T. A previously unreported NARS1 variant causes dominant distal hereditary motor neuropathy in a French family. J Peripher Nerv Syst 2024; 29:275-278. [PMID: 38769024 DOI: 10.1111/jns.12635] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/18/2024] [Revised: 05/10/2024] [Accepted: 05/11/2024] [Indexed: 05/22/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND AIMS Pathogenic variants in the NARS1 gene, which encodes for the asparaginyl-tRNA synthetase1 (NARS1) enzyme, were associated with complex central and peripheral nervous system phenotypes. Recently, Charcot-Marie-Tooth (CMT) disease has been linked to heterozygous pathogenic variants in NARS1 in nine patients. Here, we report two brothers and their mother from a French family with distal hereditary motor neuropathy (dHMN) carrying a previously unreported NARS1 variant. METHODS The NARS1 variant (c.1555G>C; p.(Gly519Arg)) was identified through whole-genome sequencing (WGS) performed on the family members. Clinical findings, nerve conduction studies (NCS), needle electromyography (EMG), and functional assays in yeast complementation assays are reported here. RESULTS The family members showed symptoms of dHMN, including distal weakness and osteoarticular deformities. They also exhibited brisk reflexes suggestive of upper motor neuron involvement. All patients were able to walk independently at the last follow-up. NCS and EMG confirmed pure motor neuropathy. Functional assays in yeast confirmed a loss-of-function effect of the variant on NARS1 activity. INTERPRETATION Our findings expand the clinical spectrum of NARS1-associated neuropathies, highlighting the association of NARS1 mutations with dHMN. The benign disease course observed in our patients suggests a slowly progressive phenotype. Further reports could contribute to a more comprehensive understanding of the spectrum of NARS1-associated neuropathies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Julian Theuriet
- Service d'ENMG et de pathologies neuromusculaires, centre de référence des maladies neuromusculaires PACA-Réunion-Rhône-Alpes, Hôpital Neurologique Pierre Wertheimer, Hospices Civils de Lyon, Groupement Est, Bron, France
- Pathophysiology and Genetics of Neuron and Muscle, CNRS UMR 5261, INSERM U1315, Université Lyon 1, Faculté de Médecine Lyon Est, Lyon, France
| | - Sheila Marte
- Department of Human Genetics, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA
| | - Arnaud Isapof
- Service de Neurologie Pédiatrique, Hôpital Trousseau, Assistance Publique des Hôpitaux de Paris, Paris, France
| | - Alix de Becdelièvre
- Département de Génétique Médicale, Hôpital Henri Mondor, Assistance Publique des Hôpitaux de Paris, Créteil, France
- Laboratoire de biologie médicale multisites SeqOIA - PFMG2025, Paris, France
| | - Marina Konyukh
- Département de Génétique Médicale, Hôpital Henri Mondor, Assistance Publique des Hôpitaux de Paris, Créteil, France
- Laboratoire de biologie médicale multisites SeqOIA - PFMG2025, Paris, France
| | | | - Philippe Latour
- Service de Biochimie et Biologie Moléculaire, Unité fonctionnelle des pathologies neurologiques héréditaires, Hospices Civils de Lyon, Groupement Est, Bron, France
| | - Isabelle Quadrio
- Service de Biochimie et Biologie Moléculaire, Unité fonctionnelle des pathologies neurologiques héréditaires, Hospices Civils de Lyon, Groupement Est, Bron, France
| | - Thierry Maisonobe
- Département de Neurophysiologie Clinique, Hôpital Pitié-Salpêtrière, Assistance Publique des Hôpitaux de Paris, Paris, France
| | - Anthony Antonellis
- Department of Human Genetics, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA
- Department of Neurology, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA
| | - Tanya Stojkovic
- Centre de référence des Maladies Neuromusculaires Nord/Est/Ile de France, Institut de Myologie, Hôpital Pitié-Salpêtrière, Assistance Publique des Hôpitaux de Paris, Paris, France
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3
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Cesaroni CA, Contrò G, Spagnoli C, Cancelliere F, Caraffi SG, Leon A, Stefanini C, Frattini D, Rizzi S, Cavalli A, Garavelli L, Fusco C. Early-onset dysphagia and severe neurodevelopmental disorder as early signs in a patient with two novel variants in NARS1: a case report and brief review of the literature. Neurogenetics 2024:10.1007/s10048-024-00760-0. [PMID: 38652341 DOI: 10.1007/s10048-024-00760-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2024] [Accepted: 04/16/2024] [Indexed: 04/25/2024]
Abstract
Aminoacyl-tRNA synthetases (ARSs) aminoacylate tRNA molecules with their cognate amino acid, enabling information transmission and providing substrates for protein biosynthesis. They also take part in nontranslational functions, mediated by the presence of other proteins domains. Mutations in ARS genes have been described as responsive to numerous factors, including neurological, autoimmune, and oncological. Variants of the ARS genes, both in heterozygosity and homozygosity, have been reported to be responsible for different pathological pictures in humankind. We present the case of a patient referred in infancy for failure to thrive and acquired microcephaly (head circumference: -5 SD). During follow-up we highlighted: dysphagia (which became increasingly severe until it became incompatible with oral feeding, with gastrostomy implantation, resulting in resolution of feeding difficulties), strabismus, hypotonia. NCV (Nerve Conduction Velocity) showed four limbs neuropathy, neurophysiological examination performed at 2 years of age mainly sensory and demyelinating. Exome sequencing (ES) was performed, detecting two novel compound heterozygous variants in the NARS1 gene (OMIM *108410): NM_004539:c.[662 A > G]; [1155dup], p.[(Asn221Ser)]; [(Arg386Thrfs*19)], inherited from mother and father respectively. In this article, we would like to focus on the presence of progressive dysphagia and severe neurodevelopmental disorder, associated with two novel variants in the NARS1 gene.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carlo Alberto Cesaroni
- Child Neurology and Psychiatry Unit, Pediatric Neurophysiology Laboratory, Mother and Child Department, Azienda USL-IRCCS di Reggio Emilia, Reggio Emilia, 42123, Italy.
| | - Gianluca Contrò
- Medical Genetics Unit, Mother and Child Department, Azienda USL-IRCCS di Reggio Emilia, Reggio Emilia, 42123, Italy
| | - Carlotta Spagnoli
- Child Neurology and Psychiatry Unit, Pediatric Neurophysiology Laboratory, Mother and Child Department, Azienda USL-IRCCS di Reggio Emilia, Reggio Emilia, 42123, Italy
| | - Federica Cancelliere
- Child Neurology and Psychiatry Unit, Pediatric Neurophysiology Laboratory, Mother and Child Department, Azienda USL-IRCCS di Reggio Emilia, Reggio Emilia, 42123, Italy
| | - Stefano Giuseppe Caraffi
- Medical Genetics Unit, Mother and Child Department, Azienda USL-IRCCS di Reggio Emilia, Reggio Emilia, 42123, Italy
| | - Alberta Leon
- R & I Genetics, C.So Stati Uniti 4int.F, 35127, Padua, Italy
| | - Camilla Stefanini
- Child Neurology and Psychiatry Unit, Pediatric Neurophysiology Laboratory, Mother and Child Department, Azienda USL-IRCCS di Reggio Emilia, Reggio Emilia, 42123, Italy
| | - Daniele Frattini
- Child Neurology and Psychiatry Unit, Pediatric Neurophysiology Laboratory, Mother and Child Department, Azienda USL-IRCCS di Reggio Emilia, Reggio Emilia, 42123, Italy
| | - Susanna Rizzi
- Child Neurology and Psychiatry Unit, Pediatric Neurophysiology Laboratory, Mother and Child Department, Azienda USL-IRCCS di Reggio Emilia, Reggio Emilia, 42123, Italy
| | - Anna Cavalli
- Child Neurology and Psychiatry Unit, Pediatric Neurophysiology Laboratory, Mother and Child Department, Azienda USL-IRCCS di Reggio Emilia, Reggio Emilia, 42123, Italy
| | - Livia Garavelli
- Medical Genetics Unit, Mother and Child Department, Azienda USL-IRCCS di Reggio Emilia, Reggio Emilia, 42123, Italy
| | - Carlo Fusco
- Child Neurology and Psychiatry Unit, Pediatric Neurophysiology Laboratory, Mother and Child Department, Azienda USL-IRCCS di Reggio Emilia, Reggio Emilia, 42123, Italy
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4
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Meyer-Schuman R, Cale AR, Pierluissi JA, Jonatzke KE, Park YN, Lenk GM, Oprescu SN, Grachtchouk MA, Dlugosz AA, Beg AA, Meisler MH, Antonellis A. Predictive modeling provides insight into the clinical heterogeneity associated with TARS1 loss-of-function mutations. BIORXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR BIOLOGY 2024:2024.03.25.586600. [PMID: 38585737 PMCID: PMC10996635 DOI: 10.1101/2024.03.25.586600] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/09/2024]
Abstract
Aminoacyl-tRNA synthetases (ARSs) are ubiquitously expressed, essential enzymes that complete the first step of protein translation: ligation of amino acids to cognate tRNAs. Genes encoding ARSs have been implicated in myriad dominant and recessive phenotypes, the latter often affecting multiple tissues but with frequent involvement of the central and peripheral nervous system, liver, and lungs. Threonyl-tRNA synthetase (TARS1) encodes the enzyme that ligates threonine to tRNATHR in the cytoplasm. To date, TARS1 variants have been implicated in a recessive brittle hair phenotype. To better understand TARS1-related recessive phenotypes, we engineered three TARS1 missense mutations predicted to cause a loss-of-function effect and studied these variants in yeast and worm models. This revealed two loss-of-function mutations, including one hypomorphic allele (R433H). We next used R433H to study the effects of partial loss of TARS1 function in a compound heterozygous mouse model (R433H/null). This model presents with phenotypes reminiscent of patients with TARS1 variants and with distinct lung and skin defects. This study expands the potential clinical heterogeneity of TARS1-related recessive disease, which should guide future clinical and genetic evaluations of patient populations.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Allison R. Cale
- Department of Human Genetics, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA
| | | | - Kira E. Jonatzke
- Department of Human Genetics, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA
| | - Young N. Park
- Department of Human Genetics, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA
| | - Guy M. Lenk
- Department of Human Genetics, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA
| | | | | | - Andrzej A. Dlugosz
- Department of Dermatology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
- Rogel Cancer Center, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
- Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Asim A. Beg
- Neuroscience Graduate Program, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Miriam H. Meisler
- Department of Human Genetics, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA
- Department of Neurology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Anthony Antonellis
- Department of Human Genetics, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA
- Department of Neurology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
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5
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Beijer D, Marte S, Li JC, De Ridder W, Chen JZ, Tadenev ALD, Miers KE, Deconinck T, Macdonell R, Marques W, De Jonghe P, Pratt SL, Meyer-Schuman R, Züchner S, Antonellis A, Burgess RW, Baets J. Dominant NARS1 mutations causing axonal Charcot-Marie-Tooth disease expand NARS1-associated diseases. Brain Commun 2024; 6:fcae070. [PMID: 38495304 PMCID: PMC10943570 DOI: 10.1093/braincomms/fcae070] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/05/2023] [Revised: 01/12/2024] [Accepted: 03/06/2024] [Indexed: 03/19/2024] Open
Abstract
Pathogenic variants in six aminoacyl-tRNA synthetase (ARS) genes are implicated in neurological disorders, most notably inherited peripheral neuropathies. ARSs are enzymes that charge tRNA molecules with cognate amino acids. Pathogenic variants in asparaginyl-tRNA synthetase (NARS1) cause a neurological phenotype combining developmental delay, ataxia and demyelinating peripheral neuropathy. NARS1 has not yet been linked to axonal Charcot-Marie-Tooth disease. Exome sequencing of patients with inherited peripheral neuropathies revealed three previously unreported heterozygous NARS1 variants in three families. Clinical and electrophysiological details were assessed. We further characterized all three variants in a yeast complementation model and used a knock-in mouse model to study variant p.Ser461Phe. All three variants (p.Met236del, p.Cys342Tyr and p.Ser461Phe) co-segregate with the sensorimotor axonal neuropathy phenotype. Yeast complementation assays show that none of the three NARS1 variants support wild-type yeast growth when tested in isolation (i.e. in the absence of a wild-type copy of NARS1), consistent with a loss-of-function effect. Similarly, the homozygous knock-in mouse model (p.Ser461Phe/Ser472Phe in mouse) also demonstrated loss-of-function characteristics. We present three previously unreported NARS1 variants segregating with a sensorimotor neuropathy phenotype in three families. Functional studies in yeast and mouse support variant pathogenicity. Thus, NARS1 is the seventh ARS implicated in dominant axonal Charcot-Marie-Tooth disease, further stressing that all dimeric ARSs should be evaluated for Charcot-Marie-Tooth disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Danique Beijer
- Translational Neurosciences, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Antwerp, Wilrijk, B-2610, Belgium
- Laboratory of Neuromuscular Pathology, Institute Born-Bunge, University of Antwerp, Wilrijk, B-2610, Belgium
- Department for Human Genetics and John P. Hussman Institute for Human Genomics, University of Miami, Miami, FL 33136, USA
| | - Sheila Marte
- Department of Human Genetics, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
| | - Jiaxin C Li
- The Jackson Laboratory, Bar Harbor, ME 04609, USA
- Genetics Program, Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Tufts University, Boston, MA 02111, USA
| | - Willem De Ridder
- Translational Neurosciences, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Antwerp, Wilrijk, B-2610, Belgium
- Laboratory of Neuromuscular Pathology, Institute Born-Bunge, University of Antwerp, Wilrijk, B-2610, Belgium
- Neuromuscular Reference Centre, Department of Neurology, Antwerp University Hospital, Wilrijk, B-2610, Belgium
| | - Jessie Z Chen
- Department of Neurology, Austin Health, Melbourne, VIC 3084, Australia
| | | | | | - Tine Deconinck
- Translational Neurosciences, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Antwerp, Wilrijk, B-2610, Belgium
- Center of Medical Genetics, University of Antwerp and Antwerp University Hospital, Edegem, B-2650, Belgium
| | - Richard Macdonell
- Department of Neurology, Austin Health, Melbourne, VIC 3084, Australia
| | - Wilson Marques
- Department of Neurosciences and Behavior Sciences, School of Medicine of Ribeirão Preto, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, SP, 14051-140, Brazil
| | - Peter De Jonghe
- Translational Neurosciences, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Antwerp, Wilrijk, B-2610, Belgium
- Laboratory of Neuromuscular Pathology, Institute Born-Bunge, University of Antwerp, Wilrijk, B-2610, Belgium
- Neuromuscular Reference Centre, Department of Neurology, Antwerp University Hospital, Wilrijk, B-2610, Belgium
| | - Samia L Pratt
- The Jackson Laboratory, Bar Harbor, ME 04609, USA
- Neuroscience Program, Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Tufts University, Boston, MA 02111, USA
| | | | - Stephan Züchner
- Department for Human Genetics and John P. Hussman Institute for Human Genomics, University of Miami, Miami, FL 33136, USA
| | - Anthony Antonellis
- Department of Human Genetics, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
- Department of Neurology, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
| | - Robert W Burgess
- The Jackson Laboratory, Bar Harbor, ME 04609, USA
- Genetics Program, Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Tufts University, Boston, MA 02111, USA
- Neuroscience Program, Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Tufts University, Boston, MA 02111, USA
| | - Jonathan Baets
- Translational Neurosciences, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Antwerp, Wilrijk, B-2610, Belgium
- Laboratory of Neuromuscular Pathology, Institute Born-Bunge, University of Antwerp, Wilrijk, B-2610, Belgium
- Neuromuscular Reference Centre, Department of Neurology, Antwerp University Hospital, Wilrijk, B-2610, Belgium
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6
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Matveeva A, Watters O, Rukhadze A, Khemka N, Gentile D, Perez IF, Llorente-Folch I, Farrell C, Lo Cacciato E, Jackson J, Piazzesi A, Wischhof L, Woods I, Halang L, Hogg M, Muñoz AG, Dillon ET, Matallanas D, Arijs I, Lambrechts D, Bano D, Connolly NMC, Prehn JHM. Integrated analysis of transcriptomic and proteomic alterations in mouse models of ALS/FTD identify early metabolic adaptions with similarities to mitochondrial dysfunction disorders. Amyotroph Lateral Scler Frontotemporal Degener 2024; 25:135-149. [PMID: 37779364 DOI: 10.1080/21678421.2023.2261979] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/22/2023] [Accepted: 09/10/2023] [Indexed: 10/03/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Sporadic and familial amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) is a fatal progressive neurodegenerative disease that results in loss of motor neurons and, in some patients, associates with frontotemporal dementia (FTD). Apart from the accumulation of proteinaceous deposits, emerging literature indicates that aberrant mitochondrial bioenergetics may contribute to the onset and progression of ALS/FTD. Here we sought to investigate the pathophysiological signatures of mitochondrial dysfunction associated with ALS/FTD. METHODS By means of label-free mass spectrometry (MS) and mRNA sequencing (mRNA-seq), we report pre-symptomatic changes in the cortices of TDP-43 and FUS mutant mouse models. Using tissues from transgenic mouse models of mitochondrial diseases as a reference, we performed comparative analyses and extracted unique and common mitochondrial signatures that revealed neuroprotective compensatory mechanisms in response to early damage. RESULTS In this regard, upregulation of both Acyl-CoA Synthetase Long-Chain Family Member 3 (ACSL3) and mitochondrial tyrosyl-tRNA synthetase 2 (YARS2) were the most representative change in pre-symptomatic ALS/FTD tissues, suggesting that fatty acid beta-oxidation and mitochondrial protein translation are mechanisms of adaptation in response to ALS/FTD pathology. CONCLUSIONS Together, our unbiased integrative analyses unveil novel molecular components that may influence mitochondrial homeostasis in the earliest phase of ALS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna Matveeva
- Centre for Systems Medicine, Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland, Dublin 2, Ireland
- Department of Physiology and Medical Physics, Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland, Dublin 2, Ireland
| | - Orla Watters
- Department of Physiology and Medical Physics, Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland, Dublin 2, Ireland
- SFI FutureNeuro Research Centre, Dublin 2, Ireland
| | - Ani Rukhadze
- German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE), Bonn, Germany
| | - Niraj Khemka
- Centre for Systems Medicine, Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland, Dublin 2, Ireland
- Department of Physiology and Medical Physics, Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland, Dublin 2, Ireland
| | - Debora Gentile
- German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE), Bonn, Germany
| | - Ivan Fernandez Perez
- Centre for Systems Medicine, Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland, Dublin 2, Ireland
- Department of Physiology and Medical Physics, Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland, Dublin 2, Ireland
| | - Irene Llorente-Folch
- Centre for Systems Medicine, Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland, Dublin 2, Ireland
- Department of Physiology and Medical Physics, Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland, Dublin 2, Ireland
| | - Cliona Farrell
- Centre for Systems Medicine, Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland, Dublin 2, Ireland
- Department of Physiology and Medical Physics, Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland, Dublin 2, Ireland
| | | | - Joshua Jackson
- German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE), Bonn, Germany
| | - Antonia Piazzesi
- German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE), Bonn, Germany
| | - Lena Wischhof
- German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE), Bonn, Germany
| | - Ina Woods
- Centre for Systems Medicine, Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland, Dublin 2, Ireland
- Department of Physiology and Medical Physics, Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland, Dublin 2, Ireland
| | - Luise Halang
- Centre for Systems Medicine, Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland, Dublin 2, Ireland
- Department of Physiology and Medical Physics, Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland, Dublin 2, Ireland
| | - Marion Hogg
- Department of Physiology and Medical Physics, Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland, Dublin 2, Ireland
- SFI FutureNeuro Research Centre, Dublin 2, Ireland
- Department of Biosciences, Nottingham Trent University, Clifton Campus, Nottingham, UK
| | - Amaya Garcia Muñoz
- Systems Biology Ireland, School of Medicine, University College Dublin, Dublin 4, Belfield, Ireland
| | - Eugène T Dillon
- Mass Spectrometry Resource, Conway Institute of Biomolecular & Biomedical Research, University College Dublin, Dublin 4, Ireland
| | - David Matallanas
- Systems Biology Ireland, School of Medicine, University College Dublin, Dublin 4, Belfield, Ireland
| | - Ingrid Arijs
- Laboratory for Translational Genetics, Department of Human Genetics, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium, and
- VIB Center for Cancer Biology, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Diether Lambrechts
- Laboratory for Translational Genetics, Department of Human Genetics, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium, and
- VIB Center for Cancer Biology, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Daniele Bano
- German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE), Bonn, Germany
| | - Niamh M C Connolly
- Centre for Systems Medicine, Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland, Dublin 2, Ireland
- Department of Physiology and Medical Physics, Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland, Dublin 2, Ireland
| | - Jochen H M Prehn
- Centre for Systems Medicine, Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland, Dublin 2, Ireland
- Department of Physiology and Medical Physics, Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland, Dublin 2, Ireland
- SFI FutureNeuro Research Centre, Dublin 2, Ireland
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7
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Zhou F, Yi G, Liu X, Sheng W, Shu J, Li D, Cai C. A Pair of Compound Heterozygous IARS2 Variants Manifesting West Syndrome and Electrolyte Disorders in a Chinese Patient. Glob Med Genet 2024; 11:25-28. [PMID: 38229969 PMCID: PMC10791488 DOI: 10.1055/s-0043-1778091] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/18/2024] Open
Abstract
Background Aminoacyl-tRNA synthetases (ARSs) are evolutionarily conserved enzymes that ensure the accuracy of the translation process. Isoleucyl-tRNA synthetase 2 ( IARS2 ) gene is a type of ARS that encodes mitochondrial isoleucine-tRNA synthetase. Pathogenic variants in the IARS2 gene are associated with mitochondrial disease which involves several patients presenting broad clinical phenotypes. These clinical phenotypes include West syndrome, Leigh syndrome, and Cataract, growth hormone deficiency, sensory neuropathy, sensorineural hearing loss, and skeletal dysplasia syndrome. Only 29 cases have been reported worldwide. The patient manifested recurrent convulsions, and specific clinical manifestations included electrolyte disorders and recurrent infections. Methods Whole-exome sequencing was performed on the child with West syndrome. Three-dimensional structure reconstruction and thermodynamic stability prediction were performed to further analyze the relationship between variation and phenotype. Conclusion This study further expands the clinical spectrum of IARS2 pathogenic variants. The case summaries help raise clinical awareness of IARS2 -associated disease and reduce misdiagnosis. Result In this report, a 13-month-old girl was diagnosed with West syndrome and Leigh syndrome for 7 months. Compound heterozygous variants in the IARS2 gene (NM_018060.4), c.2450G>A (Arg817His) and copy number variation (NC_000001. 11: g. (220267549_220284289) del), were detected by WES. This study further expands the clinical spectrum of IARS2 pathogenic variants. The case summaries help raise clinical awareness of IARS2-associated disease and reduce misdiagnosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Feiyu Zhou
- Tianjin Children's Hospital (Tianjin University Children's Hospital), Tianjin, People's Republic of China
- Graduate College of Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, People's Republic of China
| | - Gui Yi
- Tianjin Children's Hospital (Tianjin University Children's Hospital), Tianjin, People's Republic of China
- Department of Neurology, Tianjin Children's Hospital (Tianjin University Children's Hospital), Tianjin, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiangyu Liu
- Tianjin Children's Hospital (Tianjin University Children's Hospital), Tianjin, People's Republic of China
- Graduate College of Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, People's Republic of China
| | - Wenchao Sheng
- Tianjin Children's Hospital (Tianjin University Children's Hospital), Tianjin, People's Republic of China
- Graduate College of Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, People's Republic of China
| | - Jianbo Shu
- Tianjin Children's Hospital (Tianjin University Children's Hospital), Tianjin, People's Republic of China
- Tianjin Pediatric Research Institute, Tianjin Children's Hospital (Tianjin University Children's Hospital), Tianjin, People's Republic of China
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Birth Defects for Prevention and Treatment, Tianjin Children's Hospital, Tianjin, Peoples' Republic of China
| | - Dong Li
- Tianjin Children's Hospital (Tianjin University Children's Hospital), Tianjin, People's Republic of China
- Department of Neurology, Tianjin Children's Hospital (Tianjin University Children's Hospital), Tianjin, People's Republic of China
| | - Chunquan Cai
- Tianjin Children's Hospital (Tianjin University Children's Hospital), Tianjin, People's Republic of China
- Tianjin Pediatric Research Institute, Tianjin Children's Hospital (Tianjin University Children's Hospital), Tianjin, People's Republic of China
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Birth Defects for Prevention and Treatment, Tianjin Children's Hospital, Tianjin, Peoples' Republic of China
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8
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Zhang H, Murphy P, Yu J, Lee S, Tsai FTF, van Hoof A, Ling J. Coordination between aminoacylation and editing to protect against proteotoxicity. Nucleic Acids Res 2023; 51:10606-10618. [PMID: 37742077 PMCID: PMC10602869 DOI: 10.1093/nar/gkad778] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2023] [Revised: 08/13/2023] [Accepted: 09/14/2023] [Indexed: 09/25/2023] Open
Abstract
Aminoacyl-tRNA synthetases (aaRSs) are essential enzymes that ligate amino acids to tRNAs, and often require editing to ensure accurate protein synthesis. Recessive mutations in aaRSs cause various neurological disorders in humans, yet the underlying mechanism remains poorly understood. Pathogenic aaRS mutations frequently cause protein destabilization and aminoacylation deficiency. In this study, we report that combined aminoacylation and editing defects cause severe proteotoxicity. We show that the ths1-C268A mutation in yeast threonyl-tRNA synthetase (ThrRS) abolishes editing and causes heat sensitivity. Surprisingly, experimental evolution of the mutant results in intragenic mutations that restore heat resistance but not editing. ths1-C268A destabilizes ThrRS and decreases overall Thr-tRNAThr synthesis, while the suppressor mutations in the evolved strains improve aminoacylation. We further show that deficiency in either ThrRS aminoacylation or editing is insufficient to cause heat sensitivity, and that ths1-C268A impairs ribosome-associated quality control. Our results suggest that aminoacylation deficiency predisposes cells to proteotoxic stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hong Zhang
- Department of Cell Biology and Molecular Genetics, The University of Maryland, College Park, MD 20742, USA
| | - Parker Murphy
- Department of Cell Biology and Molecular Genetics, The University of Maryland, College Park, MD 20742, USA
| | - Jason Yu
- Department of Cell Biology and Molecular Genetics, The University of Maryland, College Park, MD 20742, USA
| | - Sukyeong Lee
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030, USA
- Advanced Technology Core for Macromolecular X-ray Crystallography, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Francis T F Tsai
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030, USA
- Advanced Technology Core for Macromolecular X-ray Crystallography, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030, USA
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Biology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030, USA
- Department of Molecular Virology and Microbiology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Ambro van Hoof
- Department of Microbiology and Molecular Genetics, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Jiqiang Ling
- Department of Cell Biology and Molecular Genetics, The University of Maryland, College Park, MD 20742, USA
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9
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Guo R, Chen Y, Hu X, Qi Z, Guo J, Li Y, Hao C. Phenylalanyl-tRNA synthetase deficiency caused by biallelic variants in FARSA gene and literature review. BMC Med Genomics 2023; 16:245. [PMID: 37833669 PMCID: PMC10571242 DOI: 10.1186/s12920-023-01662-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/15/2023] [Accepted: 09/13/2023] [Indexed: 10/15/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Aminoacyl-tRNA synthetases (ARSs) are indispensable enzymes for protein biosynthesis in cells. The phenylalanyl-tRNA synthetase (FARS1) located in cytoplasm which consists of two FARS alpha subunits (FARSA) and two FARS beta subunits (FARSB). Autosomal recessive inheritance of pathogenic variants of FARSA or FARSB can result in defective FARS1 which are characterized by interstitial lung disease, liver disease, brain abnormalities, facial dysmorphism and growth restriction. METHODS Exome sequencing was used to detect the candidate variants. The in silico prediction and expressional level analysis were performed to evaluate the pathogenicity of the variations. Additionally, we presented the patient's detailed clinical information and compared the clinical feature with other previously reported patients with FARSA-deficiency. RESULTS We identified compound heterozygous rare missense variants (c.1172 T > C/ p.Leu391Pro and c.1211G > A/ p.Arg404His) in FARSA gene in a Chinese male patient. The protein structure prediction and the analysis of levels of FARSA and FARSB subunits indicated both variants pathogenic. Clinical feature review indicated inflammatory symptoms in young infants may be an additional key feature. Thyroid dysfunction should be considered as a phenotype with variable penetrance. CONCLUSIONS Our results expanded the current phenotypic and genetic spectrum of FARSA-deficiency.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ruolan Guo
- Beijing Key Laboratory for Genetics of Birth Defects, MOE Key Laboratory of Major Diseases in Children, National Center for Children's Health, Beijing Pediatric Research Institute, Beijing Children's Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100045, China
| | - Yuanying Chen
- Beijing Key Laboratory for Genetics of Birth Defects, MOE Key Laboratory of Major Diseases in Children, National Center for Children's Health, Beijing Pediatric Research Institute, Beijing Children's Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100045, China
| | - Xuyun Hu
- Beijing Key Laboratory for Genetics of Birth Defects, MOE Key Laboratory of Major Diseases in Children, National Center for Children's Health, Beijing Pediatric Research Institute, Beijing Children's Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100045, China
| | - Zhan Qi
- Beijing Key Laboratory for Genetics of Birth Defects, MOE Key Laboratory of Major Diseases in Children, National Center for Children's Health, Beijing Pediatric Research Institute, Beijing Children's Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100045, China
| | - Jun Guo
- Beijing Key Laboratory for Genetics of Birth Defects, MOE Key Laboratory of Major Diseases in Children, National Center for Children's Health, Beijing Pediatric Research Institute, Beijing Children's Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100045, China
| | - Yuchuan Li
- Outpatient Department, National Center for Children's Health, Beijing Children's Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100045, China.
| | - Chanjuan Hao
- Beijing Key Laboratory for Genetics of Birth Defects, MOE Key Laboratory of Major Diseases in Children, National Center for Children's Health, Beijing Pediatric Research Institute, Beijing Children's Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100045, China.
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10
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Kong LY, Wu YZ, Cheng RQ, Wang PH, Peng BW. Role of Mutations of Mitochondrial Aminoacyl-tRNA Synthetases Genes on Epileptogenesis. Mol Neurobiol 2023; 60:5482-5492. [PMID: 37316759 DOI: 10.1007/s12035-023-03429-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2023] [Accepted: 06/05/2023] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Mitochondria are the structures in cells that are responsible for producing energy. They contain a specific translation unit for synthesizing mitochondria-encoded respiratory chain components: the mitochondrial DNA (mt DNA). Recently, a growing number of syndromes associated with the dysfunction of mt DNA translation have been reported. However, the functions of these diseases still need to be precise and thus attract much attention. Mitochondrial tRNAs (mt tRNAs) are encoded by mt DNA; they are the primary cause of mitochondrial dysfunction and are associated with a wide range of pathologies. Previous research has shown the role of mt tRNAs in the epileptic mechanism. This review will focus on the function of mt tRNA and the role of mitochondrial aminoacyl-tRNA synthetase (mt aaRS) in order to summarize some common relevant mutant genes of mt aaRS that cause epilepsy and the specific symptoms of the disease they cause.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ling-Yue Kong
- Department of Physiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Yi-Ze Wu
- Department of Physiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Run-Qi Cheng
- Department of Physiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Pei-Han Wang
- Department of Physiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Bi-Wen Peng
- Department of Physiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China.
- Department of Physiology, Hubei Provincial Key Laboratory of Developmentally Originated Disease, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Wuhan University, Donghu Rd185#, Wuhan, 430071, Hubei, China.
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11
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Meyer-Schuman R, Marte S, Smith TJ, Feely SME, Kennerson M, Nicholson G, Shy ME, Koutmou KS, Antonellis A. A humanized yeast model reveals dominant-negative properties of neuropathy-associated alanyl-tRNA synthetase mutations. Hum Mol Genet 2023; 32:2177-2191. [PMID: 37010095 PMCID: PMC10281750 DOI: 10.1093/hmg/ddad054] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2023] [Revised: 03/29/2023] [Accepted: 03/30/2023] [Indexed: 04/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Aminoacyl-tRNA synthetases (ARSs) are essential enzymes that ligate tRNA molecules to cognate amino acids. Heterozygosity for missense variants or small in-frame deletions in six ARS genes causes dominant axonal peripheral neuropathy. These pathogenic variants reduce enzyme activity without significantly decreasing protein levels and reside in genes encoding homo-dimeric enzymes. These observations raise the possibility that neuropathy-associated ARS variants exert a dominant-negative effect, reducing overall ARS activity below a threshold required for peripheral nerve function. To test such variants for dominant-negative properties, we developed a humanized yeast assay to co-express pathogenic human alanyl-tRNA synthetase (AARS1) mutations with wild-type human AARS1. We show that multiple loss-of-function AARS1 mutations impair yeast growth through an interaction with wild-type AARS1, but that reducing this interaction rescues yeast growth. This suggests that neuropathy-associated AARS1 variants exert a dominant-negative effect, which supports a common, loss-of-function mechanism for ARS-mediated dominant peripheral neuropathy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rebecca Meyer-Schuman
- Department of Human Genetics, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
| | - Sheila Marte
- Department of Human Genetics, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
| | - Tyler J Smith
- Department of Chemistry, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
| | - Shawna M E Feely
- Department of Neurology, Carver College of Medicine, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA 52242, USA
| | - Marina Kennerson
- Northcott Neuroscience Laboratory, ANZAC Research Institute, Sydney, NSW 2139, Australia
- Sydney Medical School, University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW 2050, Australia
- Molecular Medicine Laboratory, Concord General Repatriation Hospital, Sydney, NSW 2139, Australia
| | - Garth Nicholson
- Northcott Neuroscience Laboratory, ANZAC Research Institute, Sydney, NSW 2139, Australia
- Sydney Medical School, University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW 2050, Australia
- Molecular Medicine Laboratory, Concord General Repatriation Hospital, Sydney, NSW 2139, Australia
| | - Mike E Shy
- Department of Neurology, Carver College of Medicine, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA 52242, USA
| | - Kristin S Koutmou
- Department of Chemistry, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
| | - Anthony Antonellis
- Department of Human Genetics, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
- Department of Neurology, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
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12
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Llauradó A, Gratacòs-Viñola M, Rovira-Moreno E, Codina-Solà M, Salvadó M, Sanchez-Tejerina D, Sotoca J, Raguer N, Garcia-Arumi E, Juntas-Morales R. Distal hereditary motor neuropathy due to a novel YARS1 gene pathogenic variant. Muscle Nerve 2023; 67:E22-E24. [PMID: 36631979 DOI: 10.1002/mus.27788] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/03/2022] [Revised: 01/02/2023] [Accepted: 01/07/2023] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Arnau Llauradó
- Neuromuscular Diseases Unit, European Reference Network on Rare Neuromuscular Diseases (ERN EURO-NMD), Department of Neurology, Hospital Universitari Vall d'Hebron, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Margarida Gratacòs-Viñola
- Department of Clinical Neurophysiology, Hospital Vall d'Hebron, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Eulàlia Rovira-Moreno
- Department of Clinical and Molecular Genetics, Hospital Vall d'Hebron, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Marta Codina-Solà
- Department of Clinical and Molecular Genetics, Hospital Vall d'Hebron, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Maria Salvadó
- Neuromuscular Diseases Unit, European Reference Network on Rare Neuromuscular Diseases (ERN EURO-NMD), Department of Neurology, Hospital Universitari Vall d'Hebron, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Daniel Sanchez-Tejerina
- Neuromuscular Diseases Unit, European Reference Network on Rare Neuromuscular Diseases (ERN EURO-NMD), Department of Neurology, Hospital Universitari Vall d'Hebron, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Javier Sotoca
- Neuromuscular Diseases Unit, European Reference Network on Rare Neuromuscular Diseases (ERN EURO-NMD), Department of Neurology, Hospital Universitari Vall d'Hebron, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Núria Raguer
- Department of Clinical Neurophysiology, Hospital Vall d'Hebron, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Elena Garcia-Arumi
- Department of Clinical and Molecular Genetics, Hospital Vall d'Hebron, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Raul Juntas-Morales
- Neuromuscular Diseases Unit, European Reference Network on Rare Neuromuscular Diseases (ERN EURO-NMD), Department of Neurology, Hospital Universitari Vall d'Hebron, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
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13
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Kalotay E, Klugmann M, Housley GD, Fröhlich D. Recessive aminoacyl-tRNA synthetase disorders: lessons learned from in vivo disease models. Front Neurosci 2023; 17:1182874. [PMID: 37274208 PMCID: PMC10234152 DOI: 10.3389/fnins.2023.1182874] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2023] [Accepted: 04/17/2023] [Indexed: 06/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Protein synthesis is a fundamental process that underpins almost every aspect of cellular functioning. Intriguingly, despite their common function, recessive mutations in aminoacyl-tRNA synthetases (ARSs), the family of enzymes that pair tRNA molecules with amino acids prior to translation on the ribosome, cause a diverse range of multi-system disorders that affect specific groups of tissues. Neurological development is impaired in most ARS-associated disorders. In addition to central nervous system defects, diseases caused by recessive mutations in cytosolic ARSs commonly affect the liver and lungs. Patients with biallelic mutations in mitochondrial ARSs often present with encephalopathies, with variable involvement of peripheral systems. Many of these disorders cause severe disability, and as understanding of their pathogenesis is currently limited, there are no effective treatments available. To address this, accurate in vivo models for most of the recessive ARS diseases are urgently needed. Here, we discuss approaches that have been taken to model recessive ARS diseases in vivo, highlighting some of the challenges that have arisen in this process, as well as key results obtained from these models. Further development and refinement of animal models is essential to facilitate a better understanding of the pathophysiology underlying recessive ARS diseases, and ultimately to enable development and testing of effective therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elizabeth Kalotay
- Translational Neuroscience Facility and Department of Physiology, School of Biomedical Sciences, University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Matthias Klugmann
- Translational Neuroscience Facility and Department of Physiology, School of Biomedical Sciences, University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW, Australia
- Research Beyond Borders, Boehringer Ingelheim Pharma GmbH & Co. KG, Biberach an der Riss, Germany
| | - Gary D. Housley
- Translational Neuroscience Facility and Department of Physiology, School of Biomedical Sciences, University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Dominik Fröhlich
- Translational Neuroscience Facility and Department of Physiology, School of Biomedical Sciences, University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW, Australia
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14
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Piña MDLN, Sahu AK, Frontera A, Biswal HS, Bauzá A. Tetrel bonds involving a CF 3 group participate in protein-drug recognition: a combined crystallographic and computational study. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2023; 25:12409-12419. [PMID: 37093130 DOI: 10.1039/d3cp00839h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/25/2023]
Abstract
In this study, the ability of CF3 groups to bind to the electron-rich side chains and backbone groups of proteins has been investigated by combining a Protein Data Bank (PDB) survey and ab initio quantum mechanics calculations. More precisely, an inspection of the PDB involving organic ligands containing a CF3 group and electron-rich atoms (A = N, O and S) in the vicinity revealed 419 X-ray structures exhibiting CF3⋯A tetrel bonds (TtBs). In a posterior stage, those hits that exhibited the most relevant features in terms of directionality and intermolecular distance were selected for theoretical calculations at the RI-MP2/def2-TZVPD level of theory. Also, Hammett's regression plots of several TtB complexes involving meta- and para-substituted benzene derivatives were computed to shed light on the substituent effects. Moreover, the TtBs were characterized through several state-of-the-art computational techniques, such as the Quantum Theory of Atoms in Molecules (QTAIM) and Noncovalent Interactions plot (NCIplot) methodologies. We believe that the results gathered from our study will be useful for rational drug design and biological communities as well as for further expanding the role of this interaction to biomedical applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- María de Las Nieves Piña
- Department of Chemistry, Universitat de les Illes Balears, Crts de Valldemossa km 7.6, 07122 Palma de Mallorca, Baleares, Spain.
| | - Akshay Kumar Sahu
- School of Chemical Sciences, National Institute of Science Education and Research (NISER), PO-Bhimpur-Padanpur, Via-Jatni, Khurda, 752050, Bhubaneswar, India.
- Homi Bhabha National Institute, Training School Complex, Anushakti Nagar, Mumbai 400094, India
| | - Antonio Frontera
- Department of Chemistry, Universitat de les Illes Balears, Crts de Valldemossa km 7.6, 07122 Palma de Mallorca, Baleares, Spain.
| | - Himansu S Biswal
- School of Chemical Sciences, National Institute of Science Education and Research (NISER), PO-Bhimpur-Padanpur, Via-Jatni, Khurda, 752050, Bhubaneswar, India.
- Homi Bhabha National Institute, Training School Complex, Anushakti Nagar, Mumbai 400094, India
| | - Antonio Bauzá
- Department of Chemistry, Universitat de les Illes Balears, Crts de Valldemossa km 7.6, 07122 Palma de Mallorca, Baleares, Spain.
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15
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Guo Z, Gu J, Zhang M, Su F, Su W, Xie Y. NMR-Based Metabolomics to Analyze the Effects of a Series of Monoamine Oxidases-B Inhibitors on U251 Cells. Biomolecules 2023; 13:biom13040600. [PMID: 37189348 DOI: 10.3390/biom13040600] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/31/2022] [Revised: 03/17/2023] [Accepted: 03/22/2023] [Indexed: 03/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Alzheimer’s disease (AD) is a typical progressive neurodegenerative disorder, and with multiple possible pathogenesis. Among them, coumarin derivatives could be used as potential drugs as monoamine oxidase-B (MAO-B) inhibitors. Our lab has designed and synthesized coumarin derivatives based on MAO-B. In this study, we used nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR)-based metabolomics to accelerate the pharmacodynamic evaluation of candidate drugs for coumarin derivative research and development. We detailed alterations in the metabolic profiles of nerve cells with various coumarin derivatives. In total, we identified 58 metabolites and calculated their relative concentrations in U251 cells. In the meantime, the outcomes of multivariate statistical analysis showed that when twelve coumarin compounds were treated with U251cells, the metabolic phenotypes were distinct. In the treatment of different coumarin derivatives, there several metabolic pathways changed, including aminoacyl-tRNA biosynthesis, D-glutamine and D-glutamate metabolism, glycine, serine and threonine metabolism, taurine and hypotaurine metabolism, arginine biosynthesis, alanine, aspartate and glutamate metabolism, phenylalanine, tyrosine and tryptophan biosynthesis, glutathione metabolism and valine, leucine and isoleucine biosynthesis. Our work documented how our coumarin derivatives affected the metabolic phenotype of nerve cells in vitro. We believe that these NMR-based metabolomics might accelerate the process of drug research in vitro and in vivo.
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16
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Storkebaum E, Rosenblum K, Sonenberg N. Messenger RNA Translation Defects in Neurodegenerative Diseases. N Engl J Med 2023; 388:1015-1030. [PMID: 36920757 DOI: 10.1056/nejmra2215795] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/16/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Erik Storkebaum
- From the Molecular Neurobiology Laboratory, Donders Center for Neuroscience, Donders Institute for Brain, Cognition, and Behavior, and the Faculty of Science, Radboud University, Nijmegen, the Netherlands (E.S.); the Sagol Department of Neurobiology, Faculty of Natural Sciences, and the Center for Genetic Manipulation in the Brain, University of Haifa, Haifa, Israel (K.R.); and the Department of Biochemistry and Goodman Cancer Institute, McGill University, Montreal (N.S.)
| | - Kobi Rosenblum
- From the Molecular Neurobiology Laboratory, Donders Center for Neuroscience, Donders Institute for Brain, Cognition, and Behavior, and the Faculty of Science, Radboud University, Nijmegen, the Netherlands (E.S.); the Sagol Department of Neurobiology, Faculty of Natural Sciences, and the Center for Genetic Manipulation in the Brain, University of Haifa, Haifa, Israel (K.R.); and the Department of Biochemistry and Goodman Cancer Institute, McGill University, Montreal (N.S.)
| | - Nahum Sonenberg
- From the Molecular Neurobiology Laboratory, Donders Center for Neuroscience, Donders Institute for Brain, Cognition, and Behavior, and the Faculty of Science, Radboud University, Nijmegen, the Netherlands (E.S.); the Sagol Department of Neurobiology, Faculty of Natural Sciences, and the Center for Genetic Manipulation in the Brain, University of Haifa, Haifa, Israel (K.R.); and the Department of Biochemistry and Goodman Cancer Institute, McGill University, Montreal (N.S.)
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17
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Løseth S, Høyer H, Le KM, Delpire E, Kinge E, Lande A, Hilmarsen HT, Fagerheim T, Nilssen Ø, Braathen GJ. Late-onset sensory-motor axonal neuropathy, a novel SLC12A6-related phenotype. Brain 2023; 146:912-922. [PMID: 36542484 PMCID: PMC9976957 DOI: 10.1093/brain/awac488] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/03/2022] [Revised: 08/31/2022] [Accepted: 12/04/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
We describe five families from different regions in Norway with a late-onset autosomal-dominant hereditary polyneuropathy sharing a heterozygous variant in the SLC12A6 gene. Mutations in the same gene have previously been described in infants with autosomal-recessive hereditary motor and sensory neuropathy with corpus callosum agenesis and mental retardation (Andermann syndrome), and in a few case reports describing dominantly acting de novo mutations, most of them with onset in childhood. The phenotypes in our families demonstrated heterogeneity. Some of our patients only had subtle to moderate symptoms and some individuals even no complaints. None had CNS manifestations. Clinical and neurophysiological evaluations revealed a predominant sensory axonal polyneuropathy with slight to moderate motor components. In all 10 patients the identical SLC12A6 missense variant, NM_001365088.1 c.1655G>A p.(Gly552Asp), was identified. For functional characterization, the mutant potassium chloride cotransporter 3 was modelled in Xenopus oocytes. This revealed a significant reduction in potassium influx for the p.(Gly552Asp) substitution. Our findings further expand the spectrum of SLC12A6 disease, from biallelic hereditary motor and sensory neuropathy with corpus callosum agenesis and mental retardation and monoallelic early-onset hereditary motor and sensory neuropathy caused by de novo mutations, to late-onset autosomal-dominant axonal neuropathy with predominant sensory deficits.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sissel Løseth
- Department of Neurology and Clinical Neurophysiology, University Hospital of North Norway, 9019 Tromsø, Norway.,Department of Clinical Medicine, The Arctic University of Norway, 9019 Tromsø, Norway
| | - Helle Høyer
- Department of Medical Genetics, Telemark Hospital Trust, 3710 Skien, Norway
| | - Kim-Mai Le
- Department of Neurology and Clinical Neurophysiology, Medical Division, Akershus University Hospital, 1478 Lørenskog, Norway
| | - Eric Delpire
- Department of Anesthesiology, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, TN 37232, USA
| | | | - Asgeir Lande
- Department of Medical Genetics, Oslo University Hospital, 0450 Oslo, Norway
| | | | - Toril Fagerheim
- Department of Medical Genetics, Division of Child and Adolescent Health, University Hospital of North-Norway, 9019 Tromsø, Norway
| | - Øivind Nilssen
- Department of Clinical Medicine, The Arctic University of Norway, 9019 Tromsø, Norway.,Department of Medical Genetics, Division of Child and Adolescent Health, University Hospital of North-Norway, 9019 Tromsø, Norway
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18
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De Paepe B, Smet J, Kopajtich R, Prokisch H, Van Coster R, Vanlander A. Neonatal lactic acidosis explained by LARS2 defect. Pediatr Res 2023; 93:740-743. [PMID: 35750896 DOI: 10.1038/s41390-022-02169-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2022] [Accepted: 05/22/2022] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Boel De Paepe
- Department of Child Neurology & Metabolism, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium.
| | - Joél Smet
- Department of Child Neurology & Metabolism, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Robert Kopajtich
- Institute of Human Genetics, School of Medicine, Technische Universität München, 81675, Munich, Germany
| | - Holger Prokisch
- Institute of Neurogenomics, Helmholtz Zentrum München, 85764, Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Rudy Van Coster
- Department of Child Neurology & Metabolism, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Arnaud Vanlander
- Department of Child Neurology & Metabolism, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
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19
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Lant JT, Hasan F, Briggs J, Heinemann IU, O’Donoghue P. Genetic Interaction of tRNA-Dependent Mistranslation with Fused in Sarcoma Protein Aggregates. Genes (Basel) 2023; 14:518. [PMID: 36833445 PMCID: PMC9956149 DOI: 10.3390/genes14020518] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2023] [Revised: 02/14/2023] [Accepted: 02/16/2023] [Indexed: 02/22/2023] Open
Abstract
High-fidelity protein synthesis requires properly aminoacylated transfer RNAs (tRNAs), yet diverse cell types, from bacteria to humans, show a surprising ability to tolerate errors in translation resulting from mutations in tRNAs, aminoacyl-tRNA synthetases, and other components of protein synthesis. Recently, we characterized a tRNASerAGA G35A mutant (tRNASerAAA) that occurs in 2% of the human population. The mutant tRNA decodes phenylalanine codons with serine, inhibits protein synthesis, and is defective in protein and aggregate degradation. Here, we used cell culture models to test our hypothesis that tRNA-dependent mistranslation will exacerbate toxicity caused by amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS)-associated protein aggregation. Relative to wild-type tRNA, we found cells expressing tRNASerAAA showed slower but effective aggregation of the fused in sarcoma (FUS) protein. Despite reduced levels in mistranslating cells, wild-type FUS aggregates showed similar toxicity in mistranslating cells and normal cells. The aggregation kinetics of the ALS-causative FUS R521C variant were distinct and more toxic in mistranslating cells, where rapid FUS aggregation caused cells to rupture. We observed synthetic toxicity in neuroblastoma cells co-expressing the mistranslating tRNA mutant and the ALS-causative FUS R521C variant. Our data demonstrate that a naturally occurring human tRNA variant enhances cellular toxicity associated with a known causative allele for neurodegenerative disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jeremy T. Lant
- Department of Biochemistry, The University of Western Ontario, London, ON N6A 5C1, Canada
| | - Farah Hasan
- Department of Biochemistry, The University of Western Ontario, London, ON N6A 5C1, Canada
| | - Julia Briggs
- Department of Biochemistry, The University of Western Ontario, London, ON N6A 5C1, Canada
| | - Ilka U. Heinemann
- Department of Biochemistry, The University of Western Ontario, London, ON N6A 5C1, Canada
| | - Patrick O’Donoghue
- Department of Biochemistry, The University of Western Ontario, London, ON N6A 5C1, Canada
- Department of Chemistry, The University of Western Ontario, London, ON N6A 5C1, Canada
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20
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He J, Liu XX, Ma MM, Lin JJ, Fu J, Chen YK, Xu GR, Xu LQ, Fu ZF, Xu D, Chen WF, Cao CY, Shi Y, Zeng YH, Zhang J, Chen XC, Zhang RX, Wang N, Kennerson M, Fan DS, Chen WJ. Heterozygous Seryl-tRNA Synthetase 1 Variants Cause Charcot-Marie-Tooth Disease. Ann Neurol 2023; 93:244-256. [PMID: 36088542 DOI: 10.1002/ana.26501] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/27/2022] [Revised: 09/05/2022] [Accepted: 09/06/2022] [Indexed: 01/31/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Despite the increasing number of genes associated with Charcot-Marie-Tooth (CMT) disease, many patients currently still lack appropriate genetic diagnosis for this disease. Autosomal dominant mutations in aminoacyl-tRNA synthetases (ARSs) have been implicated in CMT. Here, we describe causal missense mutations in the gene encoding seryl-tRNA synthetase 1 (SerRS) for 3 families affected with CMT. METHODS Whole-exome sequencing was performed in 16 patients and 14 unaffected members of 3 unrelated families. The functional impact of the genetic variants identified was investigated using bioinformatic prediction tools and confirmed using cellular and biochemical assays. RESULTS Combined linkage analysis for the 3 families revealed significant linkage (Zmax LOD = 6.9) between the genomic co-ordinates on chromosome 1: 108681600-110300504. Within the linkage region, heterozygous SerRS missense variants segregated with the clinical phenotype in the 3 families. The mutant SerRS proteins exhibited reduced aminoacylation activity and abnormal SerRS dimerization, which suggests the impairment of total protein synthesis and induction of eIF2α phosphorylation. INTERPRETATION Our findings suggest the heterozygous SerRS variants identified represent a novel cause for autosomal dominant CMT. Mutant SerRS proteins are known to impact various molecular and cellular functions. Our findings provide significant advances on the current understanding of the molecular mechanisms associated with ARS-related CMT. ANN NEUROL 2023;93:244-256.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jin He
- Department of Neurology and Institute of Neurology of First Affiliated Hospital, Institute of Neuroscience, and Fujian Key Laboratory of Molecular Neurology, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, China
| | - Xiao-Xuan Liu
- Department of Neurology of Peking University Third Hospital, Key Laboratory for Neuroscience, National Health Commission/Ministry of Education, Peking University, Beijing, China
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Biomarker and Translational Research in Neurodegenerative Diseases, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Ming-Ming Ma
- Department of Neurology, Henan Provincial People's Hospital, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Jing-Jing Lin
- Department of Neurology and Institute of Neurology of First Affiliated Hospital, Institute of Neuroscience, and Fujian Key Laboratory of Molecular Neurology, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, China
| | - Jun Fu
- Department of Neurology, Henan Provincial People's Hospital, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Yi-Kun Chen
- Department of Neurology and Institute of Neurology of First Affiliated Hospital, Institute of Neuroscience, and Fujian Key Laboratory of Molecular Neurology, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, China
| | - Guo-Rong Xu
- Department of Neurology and Institute of Neurology of First Affiliated Hospital, Institute of Neuroscience, and Fujian Key Laboratory of Molecular Neurology, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, China
| | - Liu-Qing Xu
- Department of Neurology and Institute of Neurology of First Affiliated Hospital, Institute of Neuroscience, and Fujian Key Laboratory of Molecular Neurology, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, China
| | - Zhi-Fei Fu
- Public Technology Service Center, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, China
| | - Dan Xu
- Fujian Key Laboratory of Molecular Neurology, Institute of Neuroscience, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, China
| | - Wen-Feng Chen
- Institute of Life Sciences, College of Biological Science and Engineering, Fuzhou University, Fuzhou, China
| | - Chun-Yan Cao
- Department of Neurology and Institute of Neurology of First Affiliated Hospital, Institute of Neuroscience, and Fujian Key Laboratory of Molecular Neurology, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, China
| | - Yan Shi
- Fujian Key Laboratory of Molecular Neurology, Institute of Neuroscience, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, China
| | - Yi-Heng Zeng
- Department of Neurology and Institute of Neurology of First Affiliated Hospital, Institute of Neuroscience, and Fujian Key Laboratory of Molecular Neurology, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, China
| | - Jing Zhang
- Fujian Key Laboratory of Molecular Neurology, Institute of Neuroscience, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, China
| | - Xiao-Chun Chen
- Fujian Key Laboratory of Molecular Neurology, Institute of Neuroscience, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, China
| | - Ru-Xu Zhang
- Department of Neurology, Third Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Ning Wang
- Department of Neurology and Institute of Neurology of First Affiliated Hospital, Institute of Neuroscience, and Fujian Key Laboratory of Molecular Neurology, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, China
| | - Marina Kennerson
- Northcott Neuroscience Laboratory, ANZAC Research Institute, Sydney Local Health District and Faculty of Medicine and Health, University of Sydney, Sydney, Australia
| | - Dong-Sheng Fan
- Department of Neurology of Peking University Third Hospital, Key Laboratory for Neuroscience, National Health Commission/Ministry of Education, Peking University, Beijing, China
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Biomarker and Translational Research in Neurodegenerative Diseases, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Wan-Jin Chen
- Department of Neurology and Institute of Neurology of First Affiliated Hospital, Institute of Neuroscience, and Fujian Key Laboratory of Molecular Neurology, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, China
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21
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Towards a Cure for HARS Disease. Genes (Basel) 2023; 14:genes14020254. [PMID: 36833180 PMCID: PMC9956352 DOI: 10.3390/genes14020254] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2022] [Revised: 01/11/2023] [Accepted: 01/13/2023] [Indexed: 01/20/2023] Open
Abstract
Histidyl-tRNA synthetase (HARS) ligates histidine to its cognate transfer RNA (tRNAHis). Mutations in HARS cause the human genetic disorders Usher syndrome type 3B (USH3B) and Charcot-Marie-Tooth syndrome type 2W (CMT2W). Treatment for these diseases remains symptomatic, and no disease specific treatments are currently available. Mutations in HARS can lead to destabilization of the enzyme, reduced aminoacylation, and decreased histidine incorporation into the proteome. Other mutations lead to a toxic gain-of-function and mistranslation of non-cognate amino acids in response to histidine codons, which can be rescued by histidine supplementation in vitro. We discuss recent advances in characterizing HARS mutations and potential applications of amino acid and tRNA therapy for future gene and allele specific therapy.
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22
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Ravindran E, Arashiki N, Becker LL, Takizawa K, Lévy J, Rambaud T, Makridis KL, Goshima Y, Li N, Vreeburg M, Demeer B, Dickmanns A, Stegmann APA, Hu H, Nakamura F, Kaindl AM. Monoallelic CRMP1 gene variants cause neurodevelopmental disorder. eLife 2022; 11:80793. [PMID: 36511780 PMCID: PMC9803352 DOI: 10.7554/elife.80793] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/04/2022] [Accepted: 12/12/2022] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Collapsin response mediator proteins (CRMPs) are key for brain development and function. Here, we link CRMP1 to a neurodevelopmental disorder. We report heterozygous de novo variants in the CRMP1 gene in three unrelated individuals with muscular hypotonia, intellectual disability, and/or autism spectrum disorder. Based on in silico analysis these variants are predicted to affect the CRMP1 structure. We further analyzed the effect of the variants on the protein structure/levels and cellular processes. We showed that the human CRMP1 variants impact the oligomerization of CRMP1 proteins. Moreover, overexpression of the CRMP1 variants affect neurite outgrowth of murine cortical neurons. While altered CRMP1 levels have been reported in psychiatric diseases, genetic variants in CRMP1 gene have never been linked to human disease. We report for the first-time variants in the CRMP1 gene and emphasize its key role in brain development and function by linking directly to a human neurodevelopmental disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ethiraj Ravindran
- Department of Pediatric Neurology, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany.,Center for Chronically Sick Children, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany.,Institute for Cell Biology and Neurobiology, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Nobuto Arashiki
- Department of Biochemistry, Tokyo Women's Medical University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Lena-Luise Becker
- Department of Pediatric Neurology, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany.,Center for Chronically Sick Children, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany.,Institute for Cell Biology and Neurobiology, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Kohtaro Takizawa
- Department of Biochemistry, Tokyo Women's Medical University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Jonathan Lévy
- Department of Genetics, Robert Debré University Hospital, Paris, France.,Laboratoire de biologie médicale multisites Seqoia, Paris, France
| | - Thomas Rambaud
- Laboratoire de biologie médicale multisites Seqoia, Paris, France
| | - Konstantin L Makridis
- Department of Pediatric Neurology, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany.,Center for Chronically Sick Children, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany.,Institute for Cell Biology and Neurobiology, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Yoshio Goshima
- Department of Molecular Pharmacology and Neurobiology, Graduate School of Medicine, Yokohama City University, Yokohama, Japan
| | - Na Li
- Laboratory of Medical Systems Biology, Guangzhou Women and Children's Medical Center, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Maaike Vreeburg
- Clinical Genetics, Maastricht University Medical Centre, Maastricht, Netherlands
| | - Bénédicte Demeer
- Center for Human Genetics, CLAD Nord de France, CHU Amiens-Picardie, Amiens, France.,CHIMERE EA 7516, University Picardie Jules Verne, Amiens, France
| | - Achim Dickmanns
- Department of Molecular Structural Biology, Institute for Microbiology and Genetics, Georg-August-University Göttingen, Göttingen, Germany
| | | | - Hao Hu
- Laboratory of Medical Systems Biology, Guangzhou Women and Children's Medical Center, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Fumio Nakamura
- Department of Biochemistry, Tokyo Women's Medical University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Angela M Kaindl
- Department of Pediatric Neurology, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany.,Center for Chronically Sick Children, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany.,Institute for Cell Biology and Neurobiology, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany
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23
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Singh J, Patten SA. Modeling neuromuscular diseases in zebrafish. Front Mol Neurosci 2022; 15:1054573. [PMID: 36583079 PMCID: PMC9794147 DOI: 10.3389/fnmol.2022.1054573] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2022] [Accepted: 11/21/2022] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Neuromuscular diseases are a diverse group of conditions that affect the motor system and present some overlapping as well as distinct clinical manifestations. Although individually rare, the combined prevalence of NMDs is similar to Parkinson's. Over the past decade, new genetic mutations have been discovered through whole exome/genome sequencing, but the pathogenesis of most NMDs remains largely unexplored. Little information on the molecular mechanism governing the progression and development of NMDs accounts for the continual failure of therapies in clinical trials. Different aspects of the diseases are typically investigated using different models from cells to animals. Zebrafish emerges as an excellent model for studying genetics and pathogenesis and for developing therapeutic interventions for most NMDs. In this review, we describe the generation of different zebrafish genetic models mimicking NMDs and how they are used for drug discovery and therapy development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jaskaran Singh
- INRS – Centre Armand Frappier Santé Biotechnologie, Laval, QC, Canada
| | - Shunmoogum A. Patten
- INRS – Centre Armand Frappier Santé Biotechnologie, Laval, QC, Canada,Departement de Neurosciences, Université de Montréal, Montréal, QC, Canada,Centre d'Excellence en Recherche sur les Maladies Orphelines – Fondation Courtois (CERMO-FC), Université du Québec à Montréal (UQAM), Montréal, QC, Canada,*Correspondence: Shunmoogum A. Patten,
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24
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Del Greco C, Antonellis A. The Role of Nuclear-Encoded Mitochondrial tRNA Charging Enzymes in Human Inherited Disease. Genes (Basel) 2022; 13:genes13122319. [PMID: 36553587 PMCID: PMC9777667 DOI: 10.3390/genes13122319] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2022] [Revised: 11/30/2022] [Accepted: 12/02/2022] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Aminoacyl-tRNA synthetases (ARSs) are highly conserved essential enzymes that charge tRNA with cognate amino acids-the first step of protein synthesis. Of the 37 nuclear-encoded human ARS genes, 17 encode enzymes are exclusively targeted to the mitochondria (mt-ARSs). Mutations in nuclear mt-ARS genes are associated with rare, recessive human diseases with a broad range of clinical phenotypes. While the hypothesized disease mechanism is a loss-of-function effect, there is significant clinical heterogeneity among patients that have mutations in different mt-ARS genes and also among patients that have mutations in the same mt-ARS gene. This observation suggests that additional factors are involved in disease etiology. In this review, we present our current understanding of diseases caused by mutations in the genes encoding mt-ARSs and propose explanations for the observed clinical heterogeneity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christina Del Greco
- Department of Human Genetics, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
| | - Anthony Antonellis
- Department of Human Genetics, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
- Department of Neurology, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
- Correspondence:
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25
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Ait-El-Mkadem Saadi S, Kaphan E, Morales Jaurrieta A, Fragaki K, Chaussenot A, Bannwarth S, Maues De Paula A, Paquis-Flucklinger V, Rouzier C. Splicing variants in NARS2 are associated with milder phenotypes and intra-familial variability. Eur J Med Genet 2022; 65:104643. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmg.2022.104643] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2022] [Revised: 10/07/2022] [Accepted: 10/10/2022] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
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26
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Forrest ME, Meyer AP, Laureano Figueroa SM, Antonellis A. A missense, loss-of-function YARS1 variant in a patient with proximal-predominant motor neuropathy. Cold Spring Harb Mol Case Stud 2022; 8:a006246. [PMID: 36307205 PMCID: PMC9808560 DOI: 10.1101/mcs.a006246] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2022] [Accepted: 10/24/2022] [Indexed: 01/31/2023] Open
Abstract
Aminoacyl-tRNA synthetases (ARSs) are essential enzymes with a critical role in protein synthesis: charging tRNA molecules with cognate amino acids. Heterozygosity for variants in five genes (AARS1, GARS1, HARS1, WARS1, and YARS1) encoding cytoplasmic, dimeric ARSs have been associated with autosomal dominant neurological phenotypes, including axonal Charcot-Marie-Tooth disease (CMT). Missense variants in the catalytic domain of YARS1 were previously linked to dominant intermediate CMT type C (DI-CMTC). Here, we report a patient with a missense variant of unknown significance predicted to modify residue 308 in the anticodon binding domain of YARS1 (p.Asp308Tyr). Interestingly, p.Asp308Tyr is associated with proximal-predominant motor neuropathy, which has not been reported in patients with pathogenic YARS1 variants. We demonstrate that this allele causes a loss-of-function effect in yeast complementation assays when modeled in YARS1 and the yeast ortholog TYS1; structural modeling of this variant further supports a loss-of-function effect. Taken together, this study raises the possibility that certain YARS1 variants cause proximal-prominent motor neuropathy and indicates that patients with this phenotype should be screened for genetic lesions in YARS1.
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Affiliation(s)
- Megan E Forrest
- Department of Human Genetics, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109, USA
| | - Alayne P Meyer
- Division of Genetic and Genomic Medicine, Nationwide Children's Hospital, Columbus, Ohio 43205, USA
- Department of Pediatrics, The Ohio State University College of Medicine, Columbus, Ohio 43210, USA
| | | | - Anthony Antonellis
- Department of Human Genetics, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109, USA
- Department of Neurology, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109, USA
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27
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Verdura E, Senger B, Raspall-Chaure M, Schlüter A, Launay N, Ruiz M, Casasnovas C, Rodriguez-Palmero A, Macaya A, Becker HD, Pujol A. Loss of seryl-tRNA synthetase ( SARS1) causes complex spastic paraplegia and cellular senescence. J Med Genet 2022; 59:1227-1233. [PMID: 36041817 PMCID: PMC9691831 DOI: 10.1136/jmg-2022-108529] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2022] [Accepted: 07/25/2022] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Aminoacyl-tRNA synthetases (ARS) are key enzymes catalysing the first reactions in protein synthesis, with increasingly recognised pleiotropic roles in tumourgenesis, angiogenesis, immune response and lifespan. Germline mutations in several ARS genes have been associated with both recessive and dominant neurological diseases. Recently, patients affected with microcephaly, intellectual disability and ataxia harbouring biallelic variants in the seryl-tRNA synthetase encoded by seryl-tRNA synthetase 1 (SARS1) were reported. METHODS We used exome sequencing to identify the causal variant in a patient affected by complex spastic paraplegia with ataxia, intellectual disability, developmental delay and seizures, but without microcephaly. Complementation and serylation assays using patient's fibroblasts and an Saccharomyces cerevisiae model were performed to examine this variant's pathogenicity. RESULTS A de novo splice site deletion in SARS1 was identified in our patient, resulting in a 5-amino acid in-frame insertion near its active site. Complementation assays in S. cerevisiae and serylation assays in both yeast strains and patient fibroblasts proved a loss-of-function, dominant negative effect. Fibroblasts showed an abnormal cell shape, arrested division and increased beta-galactosidase staining along with a senescence-associated secretory phenotype (raised interleukin-6, p21, p16 and p53 levels). CONCLUSION We refine the phenotypic spectrum and modes of inheritance of a newly described, ultrarare neurodevelopmental disorder, while unveiling the role of SARS1 as a regulator of cell growth, division and senescence.
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Affiliation(s)
- Edgard Verdura
- Neurometabolic Diseases Laboratory, Bellvitge Biomedical Research Institute (IDIBELL), L'Hospitalet de Llobregat, 08908, Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain,Centre for Biomedical Research on Rare Diseases (CIBERER), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
| | | | - Miquel Raspall-Chaure
- Pediatric Neurology Research Group, Vall d’Hebron University Hospital, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, 08035, Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain,Department of Paediatric Neurology, Vall d’Hebron University Hospital, 08035, Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain
| | - Agatha Schlüter
- Neurometabolic Diseases Laboratory, Bellvitge Biomedical Research Institute (IDIBELL), L'Hospitalet de Llobregat, 08908, Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain,Centre for Biomedical Research on Rare Diseases (CIBERER), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
| | - Nathalie Launay
- Neurometabolic Diseases Laboratory, Bellvitge Biomedical Research Institute (IDIBELL), L'Hospitalet de Llobregat, 08908, Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain,Centre for Biomedical Research on Rare Diseases (CIBERER), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
| | - Montserrat Ruiz
- Neurometabolic Diseases Laboratory, Bellvitge Biomedical Research Institute (IDIBELL), L'Hospitalet de Llobregat, 08908, Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain,Centre for Biomedical Research on Rare Diseases (CIBERER), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
| | - Carlos Casasnovas
- Neurometabolic Diseases Laboratory, Bellvitge Biomedical Research Institute (IDIBELL), L'Hospitalet de Llobregat, 08908, Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain,Centre for Biomedical Research on Rare Diseases (CIBERER), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain,Hospital Universitari de Bellvitge, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Agustí Rodriguez-Palmero
- Neurometabolic Diseases Laboratory, Bellvitge Biomedical Research Institute (IDIBELL), L'Hospitalet de Llobregat, 08908, Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain,Pediatrics, Hospital Germans Trias i Pujol, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Alfons Macaya
- Pediatric Neurology Research Group, Vall d’Hebron University Hospital, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, 08035, Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain,Department of Paediatric Neurology, Vall d’Hebron University Hospital, 08035, Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain,Institut de Neurociències, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, 08193, Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain
| | | | - Aurora Pujol
- Neurometabolic Diseases Laboratory, Bellvitge Biomedical Research Institute (IDIBELL), L'Hospitalet de Llobregat, 08908, Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain,Centre for Biomedical Research on Rare Diseases (CIBERER), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain,Catalan Institution of Research and Advanced Studies (ICREA), 08010, Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain
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28
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Mittal S, Tang I, Gleeson JG. Evaluating human mutation databases for “treatability” using patient-customized therapy. MED 2022; 3:740-759. [DOI: 10.1016/j.medj.2022.08.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/09/2022] [Revised: 08/04/2022] [Accepted: 08/29/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
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29
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Turvey AK, Horvath GA, Cavalcanti ARO. Aminoacyl-tRNA synthetases in human health and disease. Front Physiol 2022; 13:1029218. [PMID: 36330207 PMCID: PMC9623071 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2022.1029218] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/26/2022] [Accepted: 10/04/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
The Aminoacyl-tRNA Synthetases (aaRSs) are an evolutionarily ancient family of enzymes that catalyze the esterification reaction linking a transfer RNA (tRNA) with its cognate amino acid matching the anticodon triplet of the tRNA. Proper functioning of the aaRSs to create aminoacylated (or “charged”) tRNAs is required for efficient and accurate protein synthesis. Beyond their basic canonical function in protein biosynthesis, aaRSs have a surprisingly diverse array of non-canonical functions that are actively being defined. The human genome contains 37 genes that encode unique aaRS proteins. To date, 56 human genetic diseases caused by damaging variants in aaRS genes have been described: 46 are autosomal recessive biallelic disorders and 10 are autosomal dominant monoallelic disorders. Our appreciation of human diseases caused by damaging genetic variants in the aaRSs has been greatly accelerated by the advent of next-generation sequencing, with 89% of these gene discoveries made since 2010. In addition to these genetic disorders of the aaRSs, anti-synthetase syndrome (ASSD) is a rare autoimmune inflammatory myopathy that involves the production of autoantibodies that disrupt aaRS proteins. This review provides an overview of the basic biology of aaRS proteins and describes the rapidly growing list of human diseases known to be caused by genetic variants or autoimmune targeting that affect both the canonical and non-canonical functions of these essential proteins.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexandra K. Turvey
- Department of Biology, Pomona College, Claremont, CA, United States
- *Correspondence: Alexandra K. Turvey,
| | - Gabriella A. Horvath
- Division of Biochemical Genetics, Department of Pediatrics, University of British Columbia, BC Children’s Hospital, Vancouver, BC, Canada
- Adult Metabolic Diseases Clinic, Vancouver General Hospital, Vancouver, BC, Canada
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30
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Frasquet M, Sevilla T. Hereditary motor neuropathies. Curr Opin Neurol 2022; 35:562-570. [PMID: 35942667 DOI: 10.1097/wco.0000000000001087] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE OF REVIEW Distal hereditary motor neuropathies (dHMN) are a clinically and genetically diverse group of disorders that are characterized by length-dependent axonal degeneration of lower motor neurons. In this review, we will provide an overview of dHMN, and we will correlate the distinct clinical subtypes with their causative genes, focusing on the most recent advances in the field. RECENT FINDINGS Despite the massive use of new-generation sequencing (NGS) and the discovery of new genes, only a third of dHMN patients receive a molecular diagnosis. Thanks to international cooperation between researchers, new genes have been implicated in dHMN, such as SORD and VWA1 . Mutations in SORD are the most frequent cause of autosomal recessive forms of dHMN. As a result of these findings, the potential benefits of some pharmacological compounds are being studied in cell and animal models, mainly targeting axonal transport and metabolic pathways. SUMMARY Despite the wide use of NGS, the diagnosis of dHMN remains a challenge. The low prevalence of dHMN makes international cooperation necessary in order to discover new genes and causal mechanisms. Genetic diagnosis of patients and identification of new pathomechanism are essential for the development of therapeutical clinical trials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marina Frasquet
- Department of Neurology, Hospital Universitari Doctor Peset
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Raras (CIBERER) Spain
| | - Teresa Sevilla
- Neuromuscular Diseases Unit, Department of Neurology, Hospital Universitari i Politècnic La Fe
- Neuromuscular and Ataxias Research Group, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria La Fe
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Raras (CIBERER) Spain
- Universitat de València, Valencia, Spain
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31
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Høyer H, Busk ØL, Esbensen QY, Røsby O, Hilmarsen HT, Russell MB, Nyman TA, Braathen GJ, Nilsen HL. Clinical characteristics and proteome modifications in two Charcot-Marie-Tooth families with the AARS1 Arg326Trp mutation. BMC Neurol 2022; 22:299. [PMID: 35971119 PMCID: PMC9377087 DOI: 10.1186/s12883-022-02828-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2021] [Accepted: 08/03/2022] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Aminoacyl tRNA-synthetases are ubiquitously-expressed enzymes that attach amino acids to their cognate tRNA molecules. Mutations in several genes encoding aminoacyl tRNA-synthetases, have been associated with peripheral neuropathy, i.e. AARS1, GARS1, HARS1, YARS1 and WARS1. The pathogenic mechanism underlying AARS1-related neuropathy is not known. METHODS From 2012 onward, all probands presenting at Telemark Hospital (Skien, Norway) with peripheral neuropathy were screened for variants in AARS1 using an "in-house" next-generation sequencing panel. DNA from patient's family members was examined by Sanger sequencing. Blood from affected family members and healthy controls were used for quantification of AARS1 mRNA and alanine. Proteomic analyses were conducted in peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC) from four affected family members and five healthy controls. RESULTS Seventeen individuals in two Norwegian families affected by Charcot-Marie-Tooth disease (CMT) were characterized in this study. The heterozygous NM_001605.2:c.976C > T p.(Arg326Trp) AARS1 mutation was identified in ten affected family members. All living carriers had a mild to severe length-dependent sensorimotor neuropathy. Three deceased obligate carriers aged 74-98 were reported to be unaffected, but were not examined in the clinic. Proteomic studies in PBMC from four affected individuals suggest an effect on the immune system mediated by components of a systemic response to chronic injury and inflammation. Furthermore, altered expression of proteins linked to mitochondrial function/dysfunction was observed. Proteomic data are available via ProteomeXchange using identifier PXD023842. CONCLUSION This study describes clinical and neurophysiological features linked to the p.(Arg326Trp) variant of AARS1 in CMT-affected members of two Norwegian families. Proteomic analyses based on of PBMC from four CMT-affected individuals suggest that involvement of inflammation and mitochondrial dysfunction might contribute to AARS1 variant-associated peripheral neuropathy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Helle Høyer
- Department of Medical Genetics, Telemark Hospital, PB 2900 Kjørbekk, 3710, Skien, Norway.
| | - Øyvind L Busk
- Department of Medical Genetics, Telemark Hospital, PB 2900 Kjørbekk, 3710, Skien, Norway
| | - Q Ying Esbensen
- Department of Clinical Molecular Biology, University of Oslo and Akershus University Hospital, 1478, Lørenskog, Norway
| | - Oddveig Røsby
- Department of Medical Genetics, Telemark Hospital, PB 2900 Kjørbekk, 3710, Skien, Norway.,Department of Medical Genetics, Oslo University Hospital, 0424, Oslo, Norway
| | - Hilde T Hilmarsen
- Department of Medical Genetics, Telemark Hospital, PB 2900 Kjørbekk, 3710, Skien, Norway
| | - Michael B Russell
- Head and Neck Research Group, Division for Research and Innovation, Akershus University Hospital, 1478, Lørenskog, Norway.,Institute of Clinical Medicine, Campus Akershus University Hospital, University of Oslo, 1474, Norbyhagen, Norway
| | - Tuula A Nyman
- Department of Immunology, Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Oslo and Rikshospitalet, 0372, Oslo, Norway
| | - Geir J Braathen
- Department of Medical Genetics, Telemark Hospital, PB 2900 Kjørbekk, 3710, Skien, Norway
| | - Hilde L Nilsen
- Department of Clinical Molecular Biology, University of Oslo and Akershus University Hospital, 1478, Lørenskog, Norway
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32
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Kim SY, Ko S, Kang H, Kim MJ, Moon J, Lim BC, Kim KJ, Choi M, Choi HJ, Chae JH. Fatal systemic disorder caused by biallelic variants in FARSA. Orphanet J Rare Dis 2022; 17:306. [PMID: 35918773 PMCID: PMC9344665 DOI: 10.1186/s13023-022-02457-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/25/2022] [Accepted: 07/17/2022] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Aminoacyl tRNA transferases play an essential role in protein biosynthesis, and variants of these enzymes result in various human diseases. FARSA, which encodes the α subunit of cytosolic phenylalanyl-tRNA synthetase, was recently reported as a suspected causal gene for multiorgan disorder. This study aimed to validate the pathogenicity of variants in the FARSA gene. Results Exome sequencing revealed novel compound heterozygous variants in FARSA, P347L and R475Q, from a patient who initially presented neonatal-onset failure to thrive, liver dysfunction, and frequent respiratory infections. His developmental milestones were nearly arrested, and the patient died at 28 months of age as a result of progressive hepatic and respiratory failure. The P347L variant was predicted to disrupt heterodimer interaction and failed to form a functional heterotetramer by structural and biochemical analyses. R475 is located at a highly conserved site and is reported to be involved in phenylalanine activation and transfer to tRNA. The R475Q mutant FARSA were co-purified with FARSB, but the mutant enzyme showed an approximately 36% reduction in activity in our assay relative to the wild-type protein. Additional functional analyses on variants from previous reports (N410K, F256L, R404C, E418D, and F277V) were conducted. The R404C variant from a patient waiting for organ transplantation also failed to form tetramers but the E418D, N410K, F256L, and F277V variants did not affect tetramer formation. In the functional assay, the N410K located at the phenylalanine-binding site exhibited no catalytic activity, whereas other variants (E418D, F256L and F277V) exhibited lower ATPase activity than wild-type FARSA at low phenylalanine concentrations. Conclusions Our data demonstrated the pathogenicity of biallelic variants in FARSA and suggested the implication of hypomorphic variants in severe phenotypes. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s13023-022-02457-9.
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Affiliation(s)
- Soo Yeon Kim
- Department of Genomic Medicine, Rare Disease Center, Seoul National University Children's Hospital, Seoul National University College of Medicine, 101 Daehakro Jongno-gu, Seoul, 110-744, Korea
| | - Saebom Ko
- School of Biological Sciences, Seoul National University, Seoul, Korea
| | - Hyunook Kang
- School of Biological Sciences, Seoul National University, Seoul, Korea
| | - Man Jin Kim
- Department of Genomic Medicine, Rare Disease Center, Seoul National University Children's Hospital, Seoul National University College of Medicine, 101 Daehakro Jongno-gu, Seoul, 110-744, Korea
| | - Jangsup Moon
- Department of Genomic Medicine, Rare Disease Center, Seoul National University Children's Hospital, Seoul National University College of Medicine, 101 Daehakro Jongno-gu, Seoul, 110-744, Korea
| | - Byung Chan Lim
- Department Pediatrics, Pediatric Neuroscience Center, Seoul National University, Seoul, Korea
| | - Ki Joong Kim
- Department Pediatrics, Pediatric Neuroscience Center, Seoul National University, Seoul, Korea
| | - Murim Choi
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Hee-Jung Choi
- School of Biological Sciences, Seoul National University, Seoul, Korea.
| | - Jong-Hee Chae
- Department of Genomic Medicine, Rare Disease Center, Seoul National University Children's Hospital, Seoul National University College of Medicine, 101 Daehakro Jongno-gu, Seoul, 110-744, Korea. .,Department Pediatrics, Pediatric Neuroscience Center, Seoul National University, Seoul, Korea.
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33
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Karimzadeh P, Rezakhani S, Miryounesi M, Alijanpour S. Neurodegenerative disorder and diffuse brain calcifications due to
FARSB
mutation in two siblings. Clin Case Rep 2022; 10:e6195. [PMID: 35937029 PMCID: PMC9347330 DOI: 10.1002/ccr3.6195] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/20/2022] [Revised: 06/29/2022] [Accepted: 07/16/2022] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Pathogenic mutations in the FARSB gene are associated with neurodevelopmental disorder involving the brain, liver, and lungs. We report genetic analysis of a family including two affected members with this disorder, which revealed a homozygous pathogenic missense variant, FARSB: NM_005687.4:c.853G > A:p.E285K in both affected patients. The parents were heterozygous for this variant.
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Affiliation(s)
- Parvaneh Karimzadeh
- Pediatric Neurology, Pediatric Neurology Research Center, Mofid Children's Hospital Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences Tehran Iran
| | - Sepideh Rezakhani
- Pediatric Neurology, Pediatric Neurology Research Center, Mofid Children's Hospital Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences Tehran Iran
| | - Mohammad Miryounesi
- Medical Genetics, Genomic Research Center, Taleghani Hospital Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences Tehran Iran
| | - Sahar Alijanpour
- Medical Genetics, Genomic Research Center, Taleghani Hospital Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences Tehran Iran
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34
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Lin SJ, Vona B, Porter HM, Izadi M, Huang K, Lacassie Y, Rosenfeld JA, Khan S, Petree C, Ali TA, Muhammad N, Khan SA, Muhammad N, Liu P, Haymon ML, Rüschendorf F, Kong IK, Schnapp L, Shur N, Chorich L, Layman L, Haaf T, Pourkarimi E, Kim HG, Varshney GK. Biallelic variants in WARS1 cause a highly variable neurodevelopmental syndrome and implicate a critical exon for normal auditory function. Hum Mutat 2022; 43:1472-1489. [PMID: 35815345 DOI: 10.1002/humu.24435] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/03/2022] [Revised: 06/12/2022] [Accepted: 07/07/2022] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
Aminoacyl-tRNA synthetases (ARSs) are essential enzymes for faithful assignment of amino acids to their cognate tRNA. Variants in ARS genes are frequently associated with clinically heterogeneous phenotypes in humans and follow both autosomal dominant or recessive inheritance patterns in many instances. Variants in tryptophanyl-tRNA synthetase 1 (WARS1) cause autosomal dominantly inherited distal hereditary motor neuropathy and Charcot-Marie-Tooth disease. Presently, only one family with biallelic WARS1 variants has been described. We present three affected individuals from two families with biallelic variants (p.Met1? and p.(Asp419Asn)) in WARS1, showing varying severities of developmental delay and intellectual disability. Hearing impairment and microcephaly, as well as abnormalities of the brain, skeletal system, movement/gait, and behavior were variable features. Phenotyping of knocked down wars-1 in a C. elegans model showed depletion is associated with defects in germ cell development. A wars1 knockout vertebrate model recapitulates the human clinical phenotypes, confirms variant pathogenicity and uncovers evidence implicating the p.Met1? variant as potentially impacting an exon critical for normal hearing. Together, our findings provide consolidating evidence for biallelic disruption of WARS1 as causal for an autosomal recessive neurodevelopmental syndrome and present a vertebrate model that recapitulates key phenotypes observed in patients. This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sheng-Jia Lin
- Genes & Human Disease Research Program, Oklahoma Medical Research Foundation, Oklahoma City, OK, 73104, USA
| | - Barbara Vona
- Institute of Human Genetics, Julius Maximilians University Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany.,Institute for Auditory Neuroscience and InnerEarLab, University Medical Center Göttingen, Göttingen, Germany.,Institute of Human Genetics, University Medical Center Göttingen, Göttingen, Germany
| | - Hillary M Porter
- Children's National Hospital, Rare Disease Institute, 111 Michigan Ave. NW, Washington, DC, 20010, USA
| | - Mahmoud Izadi
- Division of Genomics and Translational Medicine, College of Health and Life Sciences, Hamad Bin Khalifa University, Doha, 34110, Qatar
| | - Kevin Huang
- Genes & Human Disease Research Program, Oklahoma Medical Research Foundation, Oklahoma City, OK, 73104, USA
| | - Yves Lacassie
- Department of Pediatrics, Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center, Head Division of Clinical Genetics and Dept. of Genetics Children's Hospital 1986-2016, 200 Henry Clay Avenue, New Orleans, LA, 70118, USA
| | - Jill A Rosenfeld
- Department of Molecular and Human Genetics, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX.,Baylor Genetics Laboratories, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Saadullah Khan
- Department of Biotechnology and Genetic Engineering, Kohat University of Science & Technology, Kohat, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, 26000, Pakistan
| | - Cassidy Petree
- Genes & Human Disease Research Program, Oklahoma Medical Research Foundation, Oklahoma City, OK, 73104, USA
| | - Tayyiba Akbar Ali
- Division of Genomics and Translational Medicine, College of Health and Life Sciences, Hamad Bin Khalifa University, Doha, 34110, Qatar
| | - Nazif Muhammad
- Department of Biotechnology and Genetic Engineering, Kohat University of Science & Technology, Kohat, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, 26000, Pakistan
| | - Sher Alam Khan
- Department of Biotechnology and Genetic Engineering, Kohat University of Science & Technology, Kohat, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, 26000, Pakistan
| | - Noor Muhammad
- Department of Biotechnology and Genetic Engineering, Kohat University of Science & Technology, Kohat, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, 26000, Pakistan
| | - Pengfei Liu
- Department of Molecular and Human Genetics, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX.,Baylor Genetics Laboratories, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Marie-Louise Haymon
- Children Hospital New Orleans Louisiana, Pediatric Radiology, Tulane Associate Professor of Radiology, New Orleans, LA, 70118, USA
| | - Franz Rüschendorf
- Max Delbrück Center for Molecular Medicine in the Helmholtz Association, 13125, Berlin, Germany
| | - Il-Keun Kong
- Department of Animal Sciences, Division of Applied Life Science (BK21 Four), Gyeongsang National University, 52828, Jinju, South Korea
| | - Linda Schnapp
- Institute of Human Genetics, Julius Maximilians University Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany
| | - Natasha Shur
- Children's National Hospital, Rare Disease Institute, 111 Michigan Ave. NW, Washington, DC, 20010, USA
| | - Lynn Chorich
- Section of Reproductive Endocrinology, Infertility & Genetics, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Department of Neuroscience and Regenerative Medicine, Medical College of Georgia, Augusta University, 30912, Augusta, USA
| | - Lawrence Layman
- Section of Reproductive Endocrinology, Infertility & Genetics, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Department of Neuroscience and Regenerative Medicine, Medical College of Georgia, Augusta University, 30912, Augusta, USA
| | - Thomas Haaf
- Institute of Human Genetics, Julius Maximilians University Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany
| | - Ehsan Pourkarimi
- Division of Genomics and Translational Medicine, College of Health and Life Sciences, Hamad Bin Khalifa University, Doha, 34110, Qatar
| | - Hyung-Goo Kim
- Neurological Disorders Research Center, Qatar Biomedical Research Institute, Hamad Bin Khalifa University, 34110, Doha, Qatar
| | - Gaurav K Varshney
- Genes & Human Disease Research Program, Oklahoma Medical Research Foundation, Oklahoma City, OK, 73104, USA
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Meyer AP, Forrest ME, Nicolau S, Wiszniewski W, Bland MP, Tsao CY, Antonellis A, Abreu NJ. Pathogenic missense variants altering codon 336 of GARS1 lead to divergent dominant phenotypes. Hum Mutat 2022; 43:869-876. [PMID: 35332613 PMCID: PMC9247498 DOI: 10.1002/humu.24372] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2021] [Revised: 03/18/2022] [Accepted: 03/22/2022] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Abstract
Heterozygosity for missense variants and small in-frame deletions in GARS1 has been reported in patients with a range of genetic neuropathies including Charcot-Marie-Tooth disease type 2D (CMT2D), distal hereditary motor neuropathy type V (dHMN-V), and infantile spinal muscular atrophy (iSMA). We identified two unrelated patients who are each heterozygous for a previously unreported missense variant modifying amino-acid position 336 in the catalytic domain of GARS1. One patient was a 20-year-old woman with iSMA, and the second was a 41-year-old man with CMT2D. Functional studies using yeast complementation assays support a loss-of-function effect for both variants; however, this did not reveal variable effects that might explain the phenotypic differences. These cases expand the mutational spectrum of GARS1-related disorders and demonstrate phenotypic variability based on the specific substitution at a single residue.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alayne P. Meyer
- Division of Genetic and Genomic Medicine, Nationwide Children's Hospital, Columbus, Ohio, USA
- Department of Pediatrics, The Ohio State University College of Medicine, Columbus, Ohio, USA
| | - Megan E. Forrest
- Department of Human Genetics, University of Michigan School of Medicine, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA
| | - Stefan Nicolau
- The Center for Gene Therapy, Abigail Wexner Research Institute at Nationwide Children's Hospital, Columbus, Ohio, USA
| | - Wojciech Wiszniewski
- Department of Molecular and Medical Genetics, Oregon Health and Science University, Portland, Oregon, USA
| | - Mary Pat Bland
- Department of Molecular and Medical Genetics, Oregon Health and Science University, Portland, Oregon, USA
| | - Chang-Yong Tsao
- Department of Pediatrics, The Ohio State University College of Medicine, Columbus, Ohio, USA
- Division of Child Neurology, Nationwide Children's Hospital, Columbus, Ohio, USA
- Department of Neurology, The Ohio State University College of Medicine, Columbus, Ohio, USA
| | - Anthony Antonellis
- Department of Human Genetics, University of Michigan School of Medicine, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA
- Department of Neurology, University of Michigan School of Medicine, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA
| | - Nicolas J. Abreu
- Department of Pediatrics, The Ohio State University College of Medicine, Columbus, Ohio, USA
- The Center for Gene Therapy, Abigail Wexner Research Institute at Nationwide Children's Hospital, Columbus, Ohio, USA
- Division of Child Neurology, Nationwide Children's Hospital, Columbus, Ohio, USA
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36
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Chan DL, Rudinger-Thirion J, Frugier M, Riley LG, Ho G, Kothur K, Mohammad SS. A case of QARS1 associated epileptic encephalopathy and review of epilepsy in aminoacyl-tRNA synthetase disorders. Brain Dev 2022; 44:142-147. [PMID: 34774383 DOI: 10.1016/j.braindev.2021.10.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2021] [Revised: 09/21/2021] [Accepted: 10/22/2021] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Mutations in QARS1, which encodes human glutaminyl-tRNA synthetase, have been associated with epilepsy, developmental regression, progressive microcephaly and cerebral atrophy. Epilepsy caused by variants in QARS1 is usually drug-resistant and intractable. Childhood onset epilepsy is also reported in various aminoacyl-tRNA synthetase disorders. We describe a case with a milder neurological phenotype than previously reported with QARS1 variants and review the seizure associations with aminoacyl-tRNA synthetase disorders. CASE REPORT The patient is a 4-year-old girl presenting at 6 weeks of age with orofacial dyskinesia and hand stereotypies. She developed focal seizures at 7 months of age. Serial electroencephalograms showed shifting focality. Her seizures were controlled after introduction of carbamazepine. Progress MRI showed very mild cortical volume loss without myelination abnormalities or cerebellar atrophy. She was found to have novel compound heterozygous variants in QARS1 (NM_005051.2): c.[1132C > T];[1574G > A], p.[(Arg378Cys)];[(Arg525Gln)] originally classified as "variants of uncertain significance" and later upgraded to "likely pathogenic" based on functional testing and updated variant database review. Functional testing showed reduced solubility of the corresponding QARS1 mutants in vitro, but only mild two-fold loss in catalytic efficiency with the c.1132C > T variant and no noted change in tRNAGln aminoacylation with the c.1574G > A variant. CONCLUSION We describe two QARS1 variants associated with overall conserved tRNA aminoacylation activity but characterized by significantly reduced QARS protein solubility, resulting in a milder clinical phenotype. 86% of previous patients reported with QARS1 had epilepsy and 79% were pharmaco-resistant. We also summarise literature regarding epilepsy in aminoacyl-tRNA synthetase disorders, which is also often early onset, severe and drug-refractory.
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Affiliation(s)
- Denise L Chan
- Neurology Department, Sydney Children's Hospital, Sydney, Australia, School of Women's and Children's Health, UNSW Medicine, UNSW Sydney, Australia
| | - Joëlle Rudinger-Thirion
- Université de Strasbourg, CNRS,Architecture et Réactivité de l'ARN, UPR 9002, F-67000, Strasbourg, France
| | - Magali Frugier
- Université de Strasbourg, CNRS,Architecture et Réactivité de l'ARN, UPR 9002, F-67000, Strasbourg, France
| | - Lisa G Riley
- Rare Diseases Functional Genomics, Kids Research, Sydney Children's Hospital Network & Children's Medical Research Institute, Sydney Children's Hospital Network, Sydney, NSW 2145, Australia, Discipline of Child & Adolescent Health, Sydney Medical School, University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW 2006, Australia
| | - Gladys Ho
- Sydney Genome Diagnostics, Western Sydney Genetics Program, The Children's Hospital at Westmead, Sydney, Australia, Discipline of Child & Adolescent Health, Discipline of Genetic Medicine, The University of Sydney, Sydney, Australia; Children's Hospital at Westmead Clinical School, Faculty of Medicine and Health, The University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Kavitha Kothur
- Children's Hospital at Westmead Clinical School, Faculty of Medicine and Health, The University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Shekeeb S Mohammad
- Children's Hospital at Westmead Clinical School, Faculty of Medicine and Health, The University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia; TY Nelson Department of Neurology and Neurosurgery, The Children's Hospital at Westmead, Sydney, NSW, Australia, Kids Neuroscience Centre, Kids Research, The Children's Hospital at Westmead, The University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia.
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37
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Gong Y, Lan XP, Guo S. IARS2-related disease manifesting as sideroblastic anemia and hypoparathyroidism: A case report. Front Pediatr 2022; 10:1080664. [PMID: 36704128 PMCID: PMC9871752 DOI: 10.3389/fped.2022.1080664] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2022] [Accepted: 12/21/2022] [Indexed: 01/11/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND IARS2 (EC6.1.5) is a mitochondrial isoleucine-tRNA synthetase. Despite the fact that only fewer than 30 patients have been reported in the literature, mitochondrial disorders caused by pathogenic variants in the IARS2 gene (OMIM: 616007) have a very broad and variable clinical phenotype spectrum. We present a child who has sideroblastic anemia and hypoparathyroidism as a result of a previously unreported mutation in the IARS2 gene. CASE PRESENTATION A 14-year-old girl who had been anemic for 12 years was diagnosed with pure red cell aplasia (hemoglobin 42 g/L, reference range 110-160) at the age of 2. Her anemia was resistant to high-dose intravenous gamma globulin and cyclosporine therapy and required monthly blood transfusions to maintain normal hemoglobin levels. She developed cataracts at the age of 6 and was cured by phacoemulsification. At the age of 8, she visited the endocrine department, because of mental and physical retardation accompanied by repeated convulsions, and the antiepileptic treatment was ineffective. She was diagnosed with hypoparathyroidism. To control the convulsions, she was given calcitriol orally as well as large doses of calcium supplements. Due to severe growth and development delays, delayed sexual development, and hypokinesia at the age of 13.5Y, the parents agreed to a whole-exon gene sequencing test. IARS2 gene compound heterozygous variants c.2450G > A (p.Arg817His) and c.2511del (p.Leu838Phefs*69) were discovered. The girl was then diagnosed with IARS2-related disease and given a cocktail therapy of coenzyme Q10, vitamin B2, L-Carnitine and vitamin E. Although the child's clinical symptoms improved, she still experienced intermittent claudication and hip joint pain. The vitamin B6 was discontinued after three months due to its ineffectiveness in treating anemia. Because the child's ferritin levels remained elevated, she was also prescribed long-term oral deferiprone therapy. CONCLUSION Our findings broaden the clinical and genetic spectrum of IARS2-associated disease, and case summaries help raise clinical awareness of IARS2-associated disease and reduce under- and misdiagnosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yan Gong
- Department of Endocrinology, Shanghai Children's Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Xiao Ping Lan
- Department of Molecular Laboratory, Shanghai Children's Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Sheng Guo
- Department of Endocrinology, Shanghai Children's Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
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38
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Fan W, Jin X, Xu M, Xi Y, Lu W, Yang X, Guan MX, Ge W. FARS2 deficiency in Drosophila reveals the developmental delay and seizure manifested by aberrant mitochondrial tRNA metabolism. Nucleic Acids Res 2021; 49:13108-13121. [PMID: 34878141 PMCID: PMC8682739 DOI: 10.1093/nar/gkab1187] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/13/2021] [Revised: 11/08/2021] [Accepted: 11/17/2021] [Indexed: 01/16/2023] Open
Abstract
Mutations in genes encoding mitochondrial aminoacyl-tRNA synthetases are linked to diverse diseases. However, the precise mechanisms by which these mutations affect mitochondrial function and disease development are not fully understood. Here, we develop a Drosophila model to study the function of dFARS2, the Drosophila homologue of the mitochondrial phenylalanyl–tRNA synthetase, and further characterize human disease-associated FARS2 variants. Inactivation of dFARS2 in Drosophila leads to developmental delay and seizure. Biochemical studies reveal that dFARS2 is required for mitochondrial tRNA aminoacylation, mitochondrial protein stability, and assembly and enzyme activities of OXPHOS complexes. Interestingly, by modeling FARS2 mutations associated with human disease in Drosophila, we provide evidence that expression of two human FARS2 variants, p.G309S and p.D142Y, induces seizure behaviors and locomotion defects, respectively. Together, our results not only show the relationship between dysfunction of mitochondrial aminoacylation system and pathologies, but also illustrate the application of Drosophila model for functional analysis of human disease-causing variants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenlu Fan
- Division of Human Reproduction and Developmental Genetics, Women's Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310058, China.,Institute of Genetics, Zhejiang University, 866 Yuhangtang Road, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310058, China.,Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Precision Diagnosis and Therapy for Major Gynecological Diseases, Women's Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310006, China
| | - Xiaoye Jin
- Division of Human Reproduction and Developmental Genetics, Women's Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310058, China.,Institute of Genetics, Zhejiang University, 866 Yuhangtang Road, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310058, China.,Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Precision Diagnosis and Therapy for Major Gynecological Diseases, Women's Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310006, China
| | - Man Xu
- Division of Human Reproduction and Developmental Genetics, Women's Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310058, China.,Institute of Genetics, Zhejiang University, 866 Yuhangtang Road, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310058, China.,Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Precision Diagnosis and Therapy for Major Gynecological Diseases, Women's Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310006, China
| | - Yongmei Xi
- Division of Human Reproduction and Developmental Genetics, Women's Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310058, China.,Institute of Genetics, Zhejiang University, 866 Yuhangtang Road, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310058, China
| | - Weiguo Lu
- Department of Gynecologic Oncology, Women's Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310006, China.,Cancer Center, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310058, China
| | - Xiaohang Yang
- Division of Human Reproduction and Developmental Genetics, Women's Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310058, China.,Institute of Genetics, Zhejiang University, 866 Yuhangtang Road, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310058, China.,Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Genetic and Developmental Disorders, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310058, China
| | - Min-Xin Guan
- Institute of Genetics, Zhejiang University, 866 Yuhangtang Road, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310058, China.,Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Genetic and Developmental Disorders, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310058, China
| | - Wanzhong Ge
- Division of Human Reproduction and Developmental Genetics, Women's Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310058, China.,Institute of Genetics, Zhejiang University, 866 Yuhangtang Road, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310058, China.,Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Precision Diagnosis and Therapy for Major Gynecological Diseases, Women's Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310006, China.,Cancer Center, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310058, China
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39
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Zhang F, Zeng QY, Xu H, Xu AN, Liu DJ, Li NZ, Chen Y, Jin Y, Xu CH, Feng CZ, Zhang YL, Liu D, Liu N, Xie YY, Yu SH, Yuan H, Xue K, Shi JY, Liu TX, Xu PF, Zhao WL, Zhou Y, Wang L, Huang QH, Chen Z, Chen SJ, Zhou XL, Sun XJ. Selective and competitive functions of the AAR and UPR pathways in stress-induced angiogenesis. Cell Discov 2021; 7:98. [PMID: 34697290 PMCID: PMC8547220 DOI: 10.1038/s41421-021-00332-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/27/2021] [Accepted: 08/31/2021] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
The amino acid response (AAR) and unfolded protein response (UPR) pathways converge on eIF2α phosphorylation, which is catalyzed by Gcn2 and Perk, respectively, under different stresses. This close interconnection makes it difficult to specify different functions of AAR and UPR. Here, we generated a zebrafish model in which loss of threonyl-tRNA synthetase (Tars) induces angiogenesis dependent on Tars aminoacylation activity. Comparative transcriptome analysis of the tars-mutant and wild-type embryos with/without Gcn2- or Perk-inhibition reveals that only Gcn2-mediated AAR is activated in the tars-mutants, whereas Perk functions predominantly in normal development. Mechanistic analysis shows that, while a considerable amount of eIF2α is normally phosphorylated by Perk, the loss of Tars causes an accumulation of uncharged tRNAThr, which in turn activates Gcn2, leading to phosphorylation of an extra amount of eIF2α. The partial switchover of kinases for eIF2α largely overwhelms the functions of Perk in normal development. Interestingly, although inhibition of Gcn2 and Perk in this stress condition both can reduce the eIF2α phosphorylation levels, their functional consequences in the regulation of target genes and in the rescue of the angiogenic phenotypes are dramatically different. Indeed, genetic and pharmacological manipulations of these pathways validate that the Gcn2-mediated AAR, but not the Perk-mediated UPR, is required for tars-deficiency induced angiogenesis. Thus, the interconnected AAR and UPR pathways differentially regulate angiogenesis through selective functions and mutual competitions, reflecting the specificity and efficiency of multiple stress response pathways that evolve integrally to enable an organism to sense/respond precisely to various types of stresses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fan Zhang
- Shanghai Institute of Hematology, State Key Laboratory of Medical Genomics, National Research Center for Translational Medicine (Shanghai), Ruijin Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Qi-Yu Zeng
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Biology, CAS Center for Excellence in Molecular Cell Science, Shanghai Institute of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China
| | - Hao Xu
- Department of Cardiology, Shanghai General Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Ai-Ning Xu
- Shanghai Institute of Hematology, State Key Laboratory of Medical Genomics, National Research Center for Translational Medicine (Shanghai), Ruijin Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Dian-Jia Liu
- Shanghai Institute of Hematology, State Key Laboratory of Medical Genomics, National Research Center for Translational Medicine (Shanghai), Ruijin Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China.,School of Life Sciences & Biotechnology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Ning-Zhe Li
- Shanghai Institute of Hematology, State Key Laboratory of Medical Genomics, National Research Center for Translational Medicine (Shanghai), Ruijin Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China.,School of Life Sciences & Biotechnology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Yi Chen
- Shanghai Institute of Hematology, State Key Laboratory of Medical Genomics, National Research Center for Translational Medicine (Shanghai), Ruijin Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Yi Jin
- Shanghai Institute of Hematology, State Key Laboratory of Medical Genomics, National Research Center for Translational Medicine (Shanghai), Ruijin Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Chun-Hui Xu
- CAS Key Laboratory of Tissue Microenvironment and Tumor, Shanghai Institute of Nutrition and Health, Shanghai Institutes for Biological Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China
| | - Chang-Zhou Feng
- Shanghai Institute of Hematology, State Key Laboratory of Medical Genomics, National Research Center for Translational Medicine (Shanghai), Ruijin Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Yuan-Liang Zhang
- Shanghai Institute of Hematology, State Key Laboratory of Medical Genomics, National Research Center for Translational Medicine (Shanghai), Ruijin Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Dan Liu
- Shanghai Institute of Hematology, State Key Laboratory of Medical Genomics, National Research Center for Translational Medicine (Shanghai), Ruijin Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China.,Key Laboratory of Systems Biomedicine, Ministry of Education, Shanghai Center for Systems Biomedicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Na Liu
- Shanghai Institute of Hematology, State Key Laboratory of Medical Genomics, National Research Center for Translational Medicine (Shanghai), Ruijin Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China.,CAS Key Laboratory of Tissue Microenvironment and Tumor, Shanghai Institute of Nutrition and Health, Shanghai Institutes for Biological Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China
| | - Yin-Yin Xie
- Shanghai Institute of Hematology, State Key Laboratory of Medical Genomics, National Research Center for Translational Medicine (Shanghai), Ruijin Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Shan-He Yu
- Shanghai Institute of Hematology, State Key Laboratory of Medical Genomics, National Research Center for Translational Medicine (Shanghai), Ruijin Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Hao Yuan
- Shanghai Institute of Hematology, State Key Laboratory of Medical Genomics, National Research Center for Translational Medicine (Shanghai), Ruijin Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Kai Xue
- Shanghai Institute of Hematology, State Key Laboratory of Medical Genomics, National Research Center for Translational Medicine (Shanghai), Ruijin Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Jing-Yi Shi
- Shanghai Institute of Hematology, State Key Laboratory of Medical Genomics, National Research Center for Translational Medicine (Shanghai), Ruijin Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Ting Xi Liu
- Shanghai Institute of Hematology, State Key Laboratory of Medical Genomics, National Research Center for Translational Medicine (Shanghai), Ruijin Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China.,CAS Key Laboratory of Tissue Microenvironment and Tumor, Shanghai Institute of Nutrition and Health, Shanghai Institutes for Biological Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China
| | - Peng-Fei Xu
- Division of Human Reproduction and Developmental Genetics, Women's Hospital, and Institute of Genetics and Department of Genetics, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Wei-Li Zhao
- Shanghai Institute of Hematology, State Key Laboratory of Medical Genomics, National Research Center for Translational Medicine (Shanghai), Ruijin Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Yi Zhou
- Stem Cell Program, Hematology/Oncology Program at Children's Hospital Boston and Dana Farber Cancer Institute, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Lan Wang
- CAS Key Laboratory of Tissue Microenvironment and Tumor, Shanghai Institute of Nutrition and Health, Shanghai Institutes for Biological Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China
| | - Qiu-Hua Huang
- Shanghai Institute of Hematology, State Key Laboratory of Medical Genomics, National Research Center for Translational Medicine (Shanghai), Ruijin Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Zhu Chen
- Shanghai Institute of Hematology, State Key Laboratory of Medical Genomics, National Research Center for Translational Medicine (Shanghai), Ruijin Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Sai-Juan Chen
- Shanghai Institute of Hematology, State Key Laboratory of Medical Genomics, National Research Center for Translational Medicine (Shanghai), Ruijin Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China.
| | - Xiao-Long Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Biology, CAS Center for Excellence in Molecular Cell Science, Shanghai Institute of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China.
| | - Xiao-Jian Sun
- Shanghai Institute of Hematology, State Key Laboratory of Medical Genomics, National Research Center for Translational Medicine (Shanghai), Ruijin Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China.
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40
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Jin D, Wek SA, Kudlapur NT, Cantara WA, Bakhtina M, Wek RC, Musier-Forsyth K. Disease-associated mutations in a bifunctional aminoacyl-tRNA synthetase gene elicit the integrated stress response. J Biol Chem 2021; 297:101203. [PMID: 34537243 PMCID: PMC8511952 DOI: 10.1016/j.jbc.2021.101203] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2021] [Revised: 09/01/2021] [Accepted: 09/03/2021] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Aminoacyl-tRNA synthetases (ARSs) catalyze the charging of specific amino acids onto cognate tRNAs, an essential process for protein synthesis. Mutations in ARSs are frequently associated with a variety of human diseases. The human EPRS1 gene encodes a bifunctional glutamyl-prolyl-tRNA synthetase (EPRS) with two catalytic cores and appended domains that contribute to nontranslational functions. In this study, we report compound heterozygous mutations in EPRS1, which lead to amino acid substitutions P14R and E205G in two patients with diabetes and bone diseases. While neither mutation affects tRNA binding or association of EPRS with the multisynthetase complex, E205G in the glutamyl-tRNA synthetase (ERS) region of EPRS is defective in amino acid activation and tRNAGlu charging. The P14R mutation induces a conformational change and altered tRNA charging kinetics in vitro. We propose that the altered catalytic activity and conformational changes in the EPRS variants sensitize patient cells to stress, triggering an increased integrated stress response (ISR) that diminishes cell viability. Indeed, patient-derived cells expressing the compound heterozygous EPRS show heightened induction of the ISR, suggestive of disruptions in protein homeostasis. These results have important implications for understanding ARS-associated human disease mechanisms and development of new therapeutics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Danni Jin
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Center for RNA Biology, The Ohio State University, Columbus Ohio, USA
| | - Sheree A Wek
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis Indiana, USA
| | - Nathan T Kudlapur
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Center for RNA Biology, The Ohio State University, Columbus Ohio, USA
| | - William A Cantara
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Center for RNA Biology, The Ohio State University, Columbus Ohio, USA
| | - Marina Bakhtina
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Center for RNA Biology, The Ohio State University, Columbus Ohio, USA
| | - Ronald C Wek
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis Indiana, USA
| | - Karin Musier-Forsyth
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Center for RNA Biology, The Ohio State University, Columbus Ohio, USA.
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41
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Lin SJ, Vona B, Barbalho PG, Kaiyrzhanov R, Maroofian R, Petree C, Severino M, Stanley V, Varshney P, Bahena P, Alzahrani F, Alhashem A, Pagnamenta AT, Aubertin G, Estrada-Veras JI, Hernández HAD, Mazaheri N, Oza A, Thies J, Renaud DL, Dugad S, McEvoy J, Sultan T, Pais LS, Tabarki B, Villalobos-Ramirez D, Rad A, Galehdari H, Ashrafzadeh F, Sahebzamani A, Saeidi K, Torti E, Elloumi HZ, Mora S, Palculict TB, Yang H, Wren JD, Ben Fowler, Joshi M, Behra M, Burgess SM, Nath SK, Hanna MG, Kenna M, Merritt JL, Houlden H, Karimiani EG, Zaki MS, Haaf T, Alkuraya FS, Gleeson JG, Varshney GK. Biallelic variants in KARS1 are associated with neurodevelopmental disorders and hearing loss recapitulated by the knockout zebrafish. Genet Med 2021; 23:1933-1943. [PMID: 34172899 PMCID: PMC8956360 DOI: 10.1038/s41436-021-01239-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/11/2021] [Revised: 05/20/2021] [Accepted: 05/24/2021] [Indexed: 12/04/2022] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE Pathogenic variants in Lysyl-tRNA synthetase 1 (KARS1) have increasingly been recognized as a cause of early-onset complex neurological phenotypes. To advance the timely diagnosis of KARS1-related disorders, we sought to delineate its phenotype and generate a disease model to understand its function in vivo. METHODS Through international collaboration, we identified 22 affected individuals from 16 unrelated families harboring biallelic likely pathogenic or pathogenic in KARS1 variants. Sequencing approaches ranged from disease-specific panels to genome sequencing. We generated loss-of-function alleles in zebrafish. RESULTS We identify ten new and four known biallelic missense variants in KARS1 presenting with a moderate-to-severe developmental delay, progressive neurological and neurosensory abnormalities, and variable white matter involvement. We describe novel KARS1-associated signs such as autism, hyperactive behavior, pontine hypoplasia, and cerebellar atrophy with prevalent vermian involvement. Loss of kars1 leads to upregulation of p53, tissue-specific apoptosis, and downregulation of neurodevelopmental related genes, recapitulating key tissue-specific disease phenotypes of patients. Inhibition of p53 rescued several defects of kars1-/- knockouts. CONCLUSION Our work delineates the clinical spectrum associated with KARS1 defects and provides a novel animal model for KARS1-related human diseases revealing p53 signaling components as potential therapeutic targets.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sheng-Jia Lin
- Genes & Human Disease Research Program, Oklahoma Medical Research Foundation, Oklahoma City, OK, USA
| | - Barbara Vona
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head & Neck Surgery, Tübingen Hearing Research Centre, Eberhard Karls University of Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany.,Institute of Human Genetics, Julius Maximilians University Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany
| | - Patricia G Barbalho
- Genes & Human Disease Research Program, Oklahoma Medical Research Foundation, Oklahoma City, OK, USA
| | - Rauan Kaiyrzhanov
- Department of Neuromuscular Disorders, Queen Square Institute of Neurology, University College London, London, UK
| | - Reza Maroofian
- Department of Neuromuscular Disorders, Queen Square Institute of Neurology, University College London, London, UK
| | - Cassidy Petree
- Genes & Human Disease Research Program, Oklahoma Medical Research Foundation, Oklahoma City, OK, USA
| | | | - Valentina Stanley
- Department of Neurosciences, Rady Children's Institute for Genomic Medicine, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Pratishtha Varshney
- Genes & Human Disease Research Program, Oklahoma Medical Research Foundation, Oklahoma City, OK, USA
| | - Paulina Bahena
- Institute of Human Genetics, Julius Maximilians University Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany
| | - Fatema Alzahrani
- Department of Genetics, King Faisal Specialist Hospital and Research Center, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Amal Alhashem
- Department of Pediatrics, Prince Sultan Military Medical City, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Alistair T Pagnamenta
- NIHR Biomedical Research Centre, Wellcome Centre for Human Genetics, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - Gudrun Aubertin
- Division of Medical Genetics, Department of Pathology and Lab Medicine, Island Health, Victoria General Hospital, Victoria, BC, Canada
| | - Juvianee I Estrada-Veras
- Henry M Jackson Foundation for the Advancement of Military Medicine, Bethesda, MD, USA.,Pediatric Subspecialty Genetics Walter Reed National Military Medical Center, Bethesda, MD, USA.,Murtha Cancer Center / Research Program, Department of Surgery, Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Héctor Adrián Díaz Hernández
- Department of Gastrointestinal Endoscopy, National Institute of Medical Sciences and Nutrition Salvador Zubirán, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Neda Mazaheri
- Department of Genetics, Faculty of Science, Shahid Chamran University of Ahvaz, Ahvaz, Iran.,Narges Medical Genetics and Prenatal Diagnostics Laboratory, East Mihan Ave., Kianpars, Iran
| | - Andrea Oza
- Otolaryngology and Communication Enhancement, Boston Children's Hospital, and Dept. of Otolaryngology, Harvard medical School, Boston, USA
| | - Jenny Thies
- Department of Biochemical Genetics, Seattle Children's Hospital, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Deborah L Renaud
- Departments of Neurology and Pediatrics, Mayo Clinic College of Medicine and Science, Rochester, MN, USA
| | - Sanmati Dugad
- Bioinformatics Centre, S. P. Pune University, Pune, India
| | - Jennifer McEvoy
- Department of Neurosciences, Rady Children's Institute for Genomic Medicine, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Tipu Sultan
- Department of Pediatric Neurology, Children's Hospital and Institute of Child Health, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - Lynn S Pais
- Broad Center for Mendelian Genomics, Program in Medical and Population Genetics, Broad Institute of Massachusetts Institute of Technology and Harvard, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - Brahim Tabarki
- Department of Pediatrics, Prince Sultan Military Medical City, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | | | - Aboulfazl Rad
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head & Neck Surgery, Tübingen Hearing Research Centre, Eberhard Karls University of Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany
| | | | - Hamid Galehdari
- Department of Gastrointestinal Endoscopy, National Institute of Medical Sciences and Nutrition Salvador Zubirán, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Farah Ashrafzadeh
- Department of Pediatric Diseases, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Afsaneh Sahebzamani
- Pediatric and Genetic Counselling Center, Kerman Welfare Organization, Kerman, Iran
| | - Kolsoum Saeidi
- Neuroscience Research Center, Institute of Neuropharmacology, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran
| | - Erin Torti
- GeneDx, 207 Perry Parkway Gaithersburg, Gaithersburg, MD, USA
| | - Houda Z Elloumi
- GeneDx, 207 Perry Parkway Gaithersburg, Gaithersburg, MD, USA
| | - Sara Mora
- GeneDx, 207 Perry Parkway Gaithersburg, Gaithersburg, MD, USA
| | | | - Hui Yang
- GeneDx, 207 Perry Parkway Gaithersburg, Gaithersburg, MD, USA
| | - Jonathan D Wren
- Genes & Human Disease Research Program, Oklahoma Medical Research Foundation, Oklahoma City, OK, USA
| | - Ben Fowler
- Imaging core facility, Oklahoma Medical Research Foundation, Oklahoma City, OK, USA
| | - Manali Joshi
- Bioinformatics Centre, S. P. Pune University, Pune, India
| | - Martine Behra
- Department of Neurobiology, University of Puerto Rico, San Juan, PR, USA
| | - Shawn M Burgess
- Translational & Functional Genomics Branch, National Human Genome Research Institute, NIH, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Swapan K Nath
- Arthritis & Clinical Immunology Research Program, Oklahoma Medical Research Foundation, Oklahoma City, OK, USA
| | - Michael G Hanna
- Department of Neuromuscular Disorders, Queen Square Institute of Neurology, University College London, London, UK
| | - Margaret Kenna
- Otolaryngology and Communication Enhancement, Boston Children's Hospital, and Dept. of Otolaryngology, Harvard medical School, Boston, USA
| | - J Lawrence Merritt
- Department of Pediatrics, Biochemical Genetics, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Henry Houlden
- Department of Neuromuscular Disorders, Queen Square Institute of Neurology, University College London, London, UK
| | - Ehsan Ghayoor Karimiani
- Molecular and Clinical Sciences Institute, St. George's, University of London, Cranmer Terrace London, London, UK.,Innovative Medical Research Center, Mashhad Branch, Islamic Azdad University, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Maha S Zaki
- Clinical Genetics Department, Human Genetics and Genome Research Division, National Research Centre, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Thomas Haaf
- Institute of Human Genetics, Julius Maximilians University Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany
| | - Fowzan S Alkuraya
- Department of Genetics, King Faisal Specialist Hospital and Research Center, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia.,Department of Pediatrics, Prince Sultan Military Medical City, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Joseph G Gleeson
- Department of Neurosciences, Rady Children's Institute for Genomic Medicine, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Gaurav K Varshney
- Genes & Human Disease Research Program, Oklahoma Medical Research Foundation, Oklahoma City, OK, USA.
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42
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Okamoto N, Miya F, Tsunoda T, Kanemura Y, Saitoh S, Kato M, Yanagi K, Kaname T, Kosaki K. Four pedigrees with aminoacyl-tRNA synthetase abnormalities. Neurol Sci 2021; 43:2765-2774. [PMID: 34585293 DOI: 10.1007/s10072-021-05626-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/05/2021] [Accepted: 09/23/2021] [Indexed: 01/16/2023]
Abstract
Aminoacyl tRNA synthetases (ARSs) are highly conserved enzymes that link amino acids to their cognate tRNAs. Thirty-seven ARSs are known and their deficiencies cause various genetic disorders. Variants in some ARSs are associated with the autosomal dominant inherited form of axonal neuropathy, including Charcot-Marie-Tooth (CMT) disease. Variants of genes encoding ARSs often cause disorders in an autosomal recessive fashion. The clinical features of cytosolic ARS deficiencies are more variable, including systemic features. Deficiencies of ARSs localized in the mitochondria are often associated with neurological disorders including Leigh and early-onset epileptic syndromes. Whole exome sequencing (WES) is an efficient way to identify the genes causing various symptoms in patients. We identified 4 pedigrees with novel compound heterozygous variants in ARS genes (WARS1, MARS1, AARS2, and PARS2) by WES. Some unique manifestations were noted. The number of patients with ARSs has been increasing since the application of WES. Our findings broaden the known genetic and clinical spectrum associated with ARS variants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nobuhiko Okamoto
- Department of Medical Genetics, Osaka Women's and Children's Hospital, Izumi, Osaka, Japan.
| | - Fuyuki Miya
- Department of Medical Science Mathematics, Medical Research Institute, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, Tokyo, Japan.,Laboratory for Medical Science Mathematics, RIKEN Center for Integrative Medical Sciences, Yokohama, Japan.,Medical Science Mathematics, Department of Biological Sciences, Graduate School of Science, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Tatsuhiko Tsunoda
- Department of Medical Science Mathematics, Medical Research Institute, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, Tokyo, Japan.,Laboratory for Medical Science Mathematics, RIKEN Center for Integrative Medical Sciences, Yokohama, Japan.,Medical Science Mathematics, Department of Biological Sciences, Graduate School of Science, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Yonehiro Kanemura
- Department of Neurosurgery, National Hospital Organization Osaka National Hospital, Osaka, Japan.,Department of Biomedical Research and Innovation, Institute for Clinical Research, National Hospital Organization Osaka National Hospital, Osaka, Japan
| | - Shinji Saitoh
- Department of Pediatrics and Neonatology, Nagoya City University Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Mitsuhiro Kato
- Department of Pediatrics, Showa University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Kumiko Yanagi
- Department of Genome Medicine, National Center for Child Health and Development, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Tadashi Kaname
- Department of Genome Medicine, National Center for Child Health and Development, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Kenjiro Kosaki
- Center for Medical Genetics, Keio University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
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43
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Ravel JM, Dreumont N, Mosca P, Smith DEC, Mendes MI, Wiedemann A, Coelho D, Schmitt E, Rivière JB, Tran Mau-Them F, Thevenon J, Kuentz P, Polivka M, Fuchs SA, Kok G, Thauvin-Robinet C, Guéant JL, Salomons GS, Faivre L, Feillet F. A bi-allelic loss-of-function SARS1 variant in children with neurodevelopmental delay, deafness, cardiomyopathy, and decompensation during fever. Hum Mutat 2021; 42:1576-1583. [PMID: 34570399 DOI: 10.1002/humu.24285] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/28/2021] [Revised: 09/01/2021] [Accepted: 09/23/2021] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
Aminoacyl-tRNA synthetases (aaRS) are ubiquitously expressed enzymes responsible for ligating amino acids to their cognate tRNA molecules through an aminoacylation reaction. The resulting aminoacyl-tRNA is delivered to ribosome elongation factors to participate in protein synthesis. Seryl-tRNA synthetase (SARS1) is one of the cytosolic aaRSs and catalyzes serine attachment to tRNASer . SARS1 deficiency has already been associated with moderate intellectual disability, ataxia, muscle weakness, and seizure in one family. We describe here a new clinical presentation including developmental delay, central deafness, cardiomyopathy, and metabolic decompensation during fever leading to death, in a consanguineous Turkish family, with biallelic variants (c.638G>T, p.(Arg213Leu)) in SARS1. This missense variant was shown to lead to protein instability, resulting in reduced protein level and enzymatic activity. Our results describe a new clinical entity and expand the clinical and mutational spectrum of SARS1 and aaRS deficiencies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jean-Marie Ravel
- Reference Centre of Inborn Metabolism Diseases, Université de Lorraine, CHRU-Nancy, Nancy, France.,NGERE, Université de Lorraine, Inserm, Nancy, France
| | | | - Pauline Mosca
- NGERE, Université de Lorraine, Inserm, Nancy, France
| | - Desiree E C Smith
- Metabolic Unit, Department of Clinical Chemistry, Amsterdam UMC, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Marisa I Mendes
- Metabolic Unit, Department of Clinical Chemistry, Amsterdam UMC, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | | | - David Coelho
- NGERE, Université de Lorraine, Inserm, Nancy, France
| | | | - Jean-Baptiste Rivière
- Unité Fonctionnelle Innovation en Diagnostic génomique des maladies rares, CHU Dijon Bourgogne, Dijon, France.,Centre de Génétique, Centre de Référence Anomalies du Développement et Syndromes Malformatifs, Centre de Compétence Maladies Mitochondriales, FHU TRANSLAD, Hôpital d'Enfants, CHU de Dijon, France.,INSERM UMR1231, Equipe Génétique des Anomalies du Développement, Université de Bourgogne, Dijon, France
| | - Frédéric Tran Mau-Them
- Unité Fonctionnelle Innovation en Diagnostic génomique des maladies rares, CHU Dijon Bourgogne, Dijon, France.,Centre de Génétique, Centre de Référence Anomalies du Développement et Syndromes Malformatifs, Centre de Compétence Maladies Mitochondriales, FHU TRANSLAD, Hôpital d'Enfants, CHU de Dijon, France.,INSERM UMR1231, Equipe Génétique des Anomalies du Développement, Université de Bourgogne, Dijon, France
| | - Julien Thevenon
- Unité Fonctionnelle Innovation en Diagnostic génomique des maladies rares, CHU Dijon Bourgogne, Dijon, France.,Centre de Génétique, Centre de Référence Anomalies du Développement et Syndromes Malformatifs, Centre de Compétence Maladies Mitochondriales, FHU TRANSLAD, Hôpital d'Enfants, CHU de Dijon, France.,INSERM UMR1231, Equipe Génétique des Anomalies du Développement, Université de Bourgogne, Dijon, France
| | - Paul Kuentz
- Centre de Génétique, Centre de Référence Anomalies du Développement et Syndromes Malformatifs, Centre de Compétence Maladies Mitochondriales, FHU TRANSLAD, Hôpital d'Enfants, CHU de Dijon, France.,INSERM UMR1231, Equipe Génétique des Anomalies du Développement, Université de Bourgogne, Dijon, France
| | - Marc Polivka
- Department of Pathology, Hôpital Lariboisière, Paris, France
| | - Sabine A Fuchs
- Department of Metabolic Diseases, Wilhelmina Children's Hospital, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, The Netherlands.,Regenerative Medicine Center Utrecht, Regenerative Medicine Utrecht, Utrecht, The Netherlands.,On behalf of "United for Metabolic Diseases,", Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Gautam Kok
- Department of Pathology, Hôpital Lariboisière, Paris, France
| | - Christel Thauvin-Robinet
- Unité Fonctionnelle Innovation en Diagnostic génomique des maladies rares, CHU Dijon Bourgogne, Dijon, France.,Centre de Génétique, Centre de Référence Anomalies du Développement et Syndromes Malformatifs, Centre de Compétence Maladies Mitochondriales, FHU TRANSLAD, Hôpital d'Enfants, CHU de Dijon, France.,INSERM UMR1231, Equipe Génétique des Anomalies du Développement, Université de Bourgogne, Dijon, France
| | - Jean-Louis Guéant
- Reference Centre of Inborn Metabolism Diseases, Université de Lorraine, CHRU-Nancy, Nancy, France.,NGERE, Université de Lorraine, Inserm, Nancy, France
| | - Gajja S Salomons
- Metabolic Unit, Department of Clinical Chemistry, Amsterdam UMC, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Laurence Faivre
- Centre de Génétique, Centre de Référence Anomalies du Développement et Syndromes Malformatifs, Centre de Compétence Maladies Mitochondriales, FHU TRANSLAD, Hôpital d'Enfants, CHU de Dijon, France.,INSERM UMR1231, Equipe Génétique des Anomalies du Développement, Université de Bourgogne, Dijon, France
| | - François Feillet
- Reference Centre of Inborn Metabolism Diseases, Université de Lorraine, CHRU-Nancy, Nancy, France.,NGERE, Université de Lorraine, Inserm, Nancy, France
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Helman G, Mendes MI, Nicita F, Darbelli L, Sherbini O, Moore T, Derksen A, Amy Pizzino, Carrozzo R, Torraco A, Catteruccia M, Aiello C, Goffrini P, Figuccia S, Smith DEC, Hadzsiev K, Hahn A, Biskup S, Brösse I, Kotzaeridou U, Gauck D, Grebe TA, Elmslie F, Stals K, Gupta R, Bertini E, Thiffault I, Taft RJ, Schiffmann R, Brandl U, Haack TB, Salomons GS, Simons C, Bernard G, van der Knaap MS, Vanderver A, Husain RA. Expanded phenotype of AARS1-related white matter disease. Genet Med 2021; 23:2352-2359. [PMID: 34446925 DOI: 10.1038/s41436-021-01286-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/04/2021] [Revised: 07/08/2021] [Accepted: 07/09/2021] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE Recent reports of individuals with cytoplasmic transfer RNA (tRNA) synthetase-related disorders have identified cases with phenotypic variability from the index presentations. We sought to assess phenotypic variability in individuals with AARS1-related disease. METHODS A cross-sectional survey was performed on individuals with biallelic variants in AARS1. Clinical data, neuroimaging, and genetic testing results were reviewed. Alanyl tRNA synthetase (AlaRS) activity was measured in available fibroblasts. RESULTS We identified 11 affected individuals. Two phenotypic presentations emerged, one with early infantile-onset disease resembling the index cases of AARS1-related epileptic encephalopathy with deficient myelination (n = 7). The second (n = 4) was a later-onset disorder, where disease onset occurred after the first year of life and was characterized on neuroimaging by a progressive posterior predominant leukoencephalopathy evolving to include the frontal white matter. AlaRS activity was significantly reduced in five affected individuals with both early infantile-onset and late-onset phenotypes. CONCLUSION We suggest that variants in AARS1 result in a broader clinical spectrum than previously appreciated. The predominant form results in early infantile-onset disease with epileptic encephalopathy and deficient myelination. However, a subgroup of affected individuals manifests with late-onset disease and similarly rapid progressive clinical decline. Longitudinal imaging and clinical follow-up will be valuable in understanding factors affecting disease progression and outcome.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guy Helman
- Murdoch Children's Research Institute, The Royal Children's Hospital, Parkville, VIC, Australia.,Institute for Molecular Bioscience, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia
| | - Marisa I Mendes
- Metabolic Unit, Department of Clinical Chemistry, Amsterdam UMC, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Francesco Nicita
- Department of Neurosciences, Unit of Muscular and Neurodegenerative Disorders, Laboratory of Molecular Medicine, Bambino Gesù Children's Hospital, IRCCS, Rome, Italy
| | - Lama Darbelli
- Department of Neurology and Neurosurgery, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada.,Child Health and Human Development Program, Research Institute of the McGill University Health Centre, Montreal, QC, Canada.,Department of Pediatrics, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada.,Department of Human Genetics, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - Omar Sherbini
- Division of Neurology, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Travis Moore
- Department of Neurology and Neurosurgery, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada.,Child Health and Human Development Program, Research Institute of the McGill University Health Centre, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - Alexa Derksen
- Department of Neurology and Neurosurgery, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada.,Child Health and Human Development Program, Research Institute of the McGill University Health Centre, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - Amy Pizzino
- Division of Neurology, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Rosalba Carrozzo
- Department of Neurosciences, Unit of Muscular and Neurodegenerative Disorders, Laboratory of Molecular Medicine, Bambino Gesù Children's Hospital, IRCCS, Rome, Italy
| | - Alessandra Torraco
- Department of Neurosciences, Unit of Muscular and Neurodegenerative Disorders, Laboratory of Molecular Medicine, Bambino Gesù Children's Hospital, IRCCS, Rome, Italy
| | - Michela Catteruccia
- Department of Neurosciences, Unit of Muscular and Neurodegenerative Disorders, Laboratory of Molecular Medicine, Bambino Gesù Children's Hospital, IRCCS, Rome, Italy
| | - Chiara Aiello
- Department of Neurosciences, Unit of Muscular and Neurodegenerative Disorders, Laboratory of Molecular Medicine, Bambino Gesù Children's Hospital, IRCCS, Rome, Italy
| | - Paola Goffrini
- Department of Chemistry, Life Sciences and Environmental Sustainability, University of Parma, Parma, Italy
| | - Sonia Figuccia
- Department of Chemistry, Life Sciences and Environmental Sustainability, University of Parma, Parma, Italy
| | - Desiree E C Smith
- Metabolic Unit, Department of Clinical Chemistry, Amsterdam UMC, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Kinga Hadzsiev
- Department of Medical Genetics, University of Pécs, Pécs, Hungary
| | - Andreas Hahn
- Department of Child Neurology, Justus-Liebig-University, Giessen, Germany
| | - Saskia Biskup
- Praxis fuer Humangenetik and CeGaT GmbH, Tuebingen, Germany
| | - Ines Brösse
- Division of Child Neurology and Inherited Metabolic Diseases, Centre for Paediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, University Hospital Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Urania Kotzaeridou
- Division of Child Neurology and Inherited Metabolic Diseases, Centre for Paediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, University Hospital Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Darja Gauck
- Institute of Medical Genetics and Applied Genomics, University of Tuebingen, Tuebingen, Germany
| | - Theresa A Grebe
- Division of Genetics and Metabolism, Department of Child Health, Phoenix Children's Hospital, University of Arizona College of Medicine, Phoenix, AZ, USA
| | - Frances Elmslie
- South West Thames Regional Genetics Service, St George's University Hospital, London, UK
| | - Karen Stals
- Molecular Genetics Department, Royal Devon and Exeter NHS Foundation Trust, Exeter, UK
| | - Rajat Gupta
- Department of Neurology, Birmingham Children's Hospital, Birmingham, UK
| | - Enrico Bertini
- Department of Neurosciences, Unit of Muscular and Neurodegenerative Disorders, Laboratory of Molecular Medicine, Bambino Gesù Children's Hospital, IRCCS, Rome, Italy
| | - Isabelle Thiffault
- Children's Mercy Kansas City, Center for Pediatric Genomic Medicine, Kansas City, MO, USA.,Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Children's Mercy Hospitals, Kansas City, MO, USA.,School of Medicine, University of Missouri-Kansas City, Kansas City, MO, USA
| | | | | | - Ulrich Brandl
- Department of Neuropediatrics, Jena University Hospital, Jena, Germany
| | - Tobias B Haack
- Institute of Medical Genetics and Applied Genomics, University of Tuebingen, Tuebingen, Germany
| | - Gajja S Salomons
- Metabolic Unit, Department of Clinical Chemistry, Amsterdam UMC, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Cas Simons
- Murdoch Children's Research Institute, The Royal Children's Hospital, Parkville, VIC, Australia.,Institute for Molecular Bioscience, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia
| | - Geneviève Bernard
- Department of Neurology and Neurosurgery, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada.,Child Health and Human Development Program, Research Institute of the McGill University Health Centre, Montreal, QC, Canada.,Department of Pediatrics, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada.,Department of Human Genetics, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - Marjo S van der Knaap
- Department of Child Neurology, Emma Children's Hospital, Amsterdam University Medical Centers, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam and Amsterdam Neuroscience, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.,Department of Functional Genomics, Center for Neurogenomics and Cognitive Research, VU University, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Adeline Vanderver
- Division of Neurology, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA, USA. .,Department of Neurology, University of Pennsylvania, Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA, USA.
| | - Ralf A Husain
- Department of Neuropediatrics, Jena University Hospital, Jena, Germany.
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Two Novel Variants in YARS2 Gene Are Responsible for an Extended MLASA Phenotype with Pancreatic Insufficiency. J Clin Med 2021; 10:jcm10163471. [PMID: 34441767 PMCID: PMC8397107 DOI: 10.3390/jcm10163471] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/23/2021] [Accepted: 08/02/2021] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Pathogenic variants in the mitochondrial tyrosyl-tRNA synthetase gene (YARS2) were associated with myopathy, lactic acidosis, and sideroblastic anemia (MLASA). However, patients can present mitochondrial myopathy, with exercise intolerance and muscle weakness, leading from mild to lethal phenotypes. Genes implicated in mtDNA replication were studied by Next Generation Sequencing (NGS) and whole exome sequence with the TruSeq Rapid Exome kit (Illumina, San Diego, CA, USA). Mitochondrial protein translation was studied following the Sasarman and Shoubridge protocol and oxygen consumption rates with Agilent Seahorse XF24 Analyzer Mitostress Test, (Agilent, Santa Clara, CA, USA). We report two siblings with two novel compound heterozygous pathogenic variants in YARS2 gene: a single nucleotide deletion in exon 1, c.314delG (p.(Gly105Alafs*4)), which creates a premature stop codon in the amino acid 109, and a single nucleotide change in exon 5 c.1391T>C (p.(Ile464Thr)), that cause a missense variant in amino acid 464. We demonstrate the pathogenicity of these new variants associated with reduced YARS2 mRNA transcript, reduced mitochondrial protein translation and dysfunctional organelle function. These pathogenic variants are responsible for late onset MLASA, herein accompanied by pancreatic insufficiency, observed in both brothers, clinically considered as Pearson's syndrome. Molecular study of YARS2 gene should be considered in patients presenting Pearson's syndrome characteristics and MLASA related phenotypes.
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46
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Estève C, Roman C, DeLeusse C, Baravalle M, Bertaux K, Blanc F, Bourgeois P, Bresson V, Cano A, Coste ME, Delteil C, Lacoste C, Loosveld M, De Paula AM, Monnier AS, Secq V, Levy N, Badens C, Fabre A. Novel partial loss-of-function variants in the tyrosyl-tRNA synthetase 1 (YARS1) gene involved in multisystem disease. Eur J Med Genet 2021; 64:104294. [PMID: 34352414 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmg.2021.104294] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/08/2020] [Revised: 06/22/2021] [Accepted: 07/31/2021] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
Cytoplasmic aminoacyl-tRNA synthetases (ARSs) are emerging as a cause of numerous rare inherited diseases. Recently, biallelic variants in tyrosyl-tRNA synthetase 1 (YARS1) have been described in ten patients of three families with multi-systemic disease (failure to thrive, developmental delay, liver dysfunction, and lung cysts). Here, we report an additional subject with overlapping clinical findings, heterozygous for two novel variants in tyrosyl-tRNA synthetase 1 (NM_003680.3(YARS1):c.176T>C; p.(Ile59Thr) and NM_003680.3(YARS1):c.237C>G; p.(Tyr79*) identified by whole exome sequencing. The p.Ile59Thr variant is located in the highly conserved aminoacylation domain of the protein. Compared to subjects previously described, this patient presents a much more severe condition. Our findings support implication of two novel YARS1 variants in these disorders. Furthermore, we provide evidence for a reduced protein abundance in cells of the patient, in favor of a partial loss-of-function mechanism.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Céline Roman
- Service de Pédiatrie Multidisciplinaire, Hôpital de La Timone Enfants, APHM, Marseille, France
| | - Cécile DeLeusse
- Service de Pédiatrie Multidisciplinaire, Hôpital de La Timone Enfants, APHM, Marseille, France
| | - Melissa Baravalle
- Service de Pneumologie Pédiatrique, Assistance Publique des Hôpitaux de Marseille, Timone Enfant, Marseille, France
| | - Karine Bertaux
- CRB TAC (CRB AP-HM TAC), [BIORESOURCES], Marseille, France
| | - Frédéric Blanc
- Service D'Anesthésie Réanimation Pédiatrique, Assistance Publique des Hôpitaux de Marseille, Timone Enfant, Marseille, France
| | - Patrice Bourgeois
- Aix Marseille Univ, INSERM, MMG, Marseille, France; Service de Génétique Médicale, Assistance Publique des Hôpitaux de Marseille, Timone Enfant, Marseille, France
| | - Violaine Bresson
- Service D'Urgences Pédiatriques, Assistance Publique des Hôpitaux de Marseille, Timone Enfant, Marseille, France
| | - Aline Cano
- Service de Pédiatrie Spécialisée & Médecine Infantile, Assistance Publique des Hôpitaux de Marseille, Timone Enfant, Marseille, France
| | - Marie-Edith Coste
- Service de Pédiatrie Multidisciplinaire, Hôpital de La Timone Enfants, APHM, Marseille, France
| | - Clémence Delteil
- Service de Médecine Légale, Assistance Publique des Hôpitaux de Marseille, Timone Enfant, Marseille, France
| | - Caroline Lacoste
- Service de Génétique Médicale, Assistance Publique des Hôpitaux de Marseille, Timone Enfant, Marseille, France
| | - Marie Loosveld
- Laboratoire D'Hématologie Biologique, Assistance Publique des Hôpitaux de Marseille, Timone Enfant, Marseille, France
| | - André Maues De Paula
- Laboratoire D'Anatomie Pathologique, Hôpital de La Timone Enfants, APHM, Marseille, France
| | - Anne-Sophie Monnier
- Service de Pédiatrie Multidisciplinaire, Hôpital de La Timone Enfants, APHM, Marseille, France
| | - Véronique Secq
- U1068-CRCM, Aix Marseille Univ, APHM, Hôpital Nord, Service D'anatomo-pathologie, Marseille, France
| | - Nicolas Levy
- Aix Marseille Univ, INSERM, MMG, Marseille, France; Service de Génétique Médicale, Assistance Publique des Hôpitaux de Marseille, Timone Enfant, Marseille, France
| | - Catherine Badens
- Aix Marseille Univ, INSERM, MMG, Marseille, France; Service de Génétique Médicale, Assistance Publique des Hôpitaux de Marseille, Timone Enfant, Marseille, France
| | - Alexandre Fabre
- Aix Marseille Univ, INSERM, MMG, Marseille, France; Service de Pédiatrie Multidisciplinaire, Hôpital de La Timone Enfants, APHM, Marseille, France.
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Sawada D, Naito S, Aoyama H, Shiohama T, Ichikawa T, Imagawa E, Miyake N, Matsumoto N, Fujii K. Remitting and exacerbating white matter lesions in leukoencephalopathy with thalamus and brainstem involvement and high lactate. Brain Dev 2021; 43:798-803. [PMID: 33962821 DOI: 10.1016/j.braindev.2021.03.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/17/2020] [Revised: 03/28/2021] [Accepted: 03/30/2021] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Leukoencephalopathy with thalamus and brainstem involvement and high lactate (LTBL) is a hereditary disorder caused by biallelic variants in the EARS2 gene. Patients exhibit developmental delay, hypotonia, and hyperreflexia. Brain magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) reveals T2-hyperintensities in the deep white matter, thalamus, and brainstem, which generally stabilize over time. Herein, we report a case of LTBL, showing remitting and exacerbating white matter lesions. CASE DESCRIPTION A non-consanguineous Japanese boy exhibited unsteady head control with prominent hypotonia, with no family history of neurological diseases. Brain MRI at one year of age revealed extensive T2-hyperintensities on the cerebral white matter, cerebellum, thalamus, basal ganglia, pons, and medulla oblongata. Magnetic resonance spectroscopy of the lesions showed lactate and myoinositol peaks. Whole-exome sequencing yielded novel compound heterozygous EARS2 variants of c.164G>T, p.Arg55Leu and c.484C>T, p.Arg162Trp. Interestingly, the lesions were reduced at three years of age, and new lesions emerged at eight years of age. At 10 years of age, the lesions were changed in the corpus callosum, deep cerebral white matter, and cerebellum, without physical exacerbation. The lesions improved one year later. CONCLUSION We present the first case with remitting and exacerbating brain lesions in LTBL. EARS2 could relate to selective and specific brain regions and age dependency. Although the exact role of EARS2 remains unknown, the remitting and exacerbating imaging changes may be a clue in elucidating a novel EARS2 function in LTBL.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daisuke Sawada
- Department of Pediatrics, Chiba University Graduate School of Medicine, Chiba, Japan.
| | - Sachiko Naito
- Department of Pediatrics, Chiba University Graduate School of Medicine, Chiba, Japan; Division of Clinical Genetics, Chiba University Hospital, Chiba, Japan
| | - Hiromi Aoyama
- Department of Pediatrics, Chiba University Graduate School of Medicine, Chiba, Japan
| | - Tadashi Shiohama
- Department of Pediatrics, Chiba University Graduate School of Medicine, Chiba, Japan
| | - Tomohiko Ichikawa
- Division of Clinical Genetics, Chiba University Hospital, Chiba, Japan
| | - Eri Imagawa
- Department of Human Genetics, Yokohama City University Graduate School of Medicine, Yokohama, Japan; Department of Genetics and Genomic Sciences, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
| | - Noriko Miyake
- Department of Human Genetics, Yokohama City University Graduate School of Medicine, Yokohama, Japan
| | - Naomichi Matsumoto
- Department of Human Genetics, Yokohama City University Graduate School of Medicine, Yokohama, Japan
| | - Katsunori Fujii
- Department of Pediatrics, Chiba University Graduate School of Medicine, Chiba, Japan
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48
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Pang L, Weeks SD, Juhás M, Strelkov SV, Zitko J, Van Aerschot A. Towards Novel 3-Aminopyrazinamide-Based Prolyl-tRNA Synthetase Inhibitors: In Silico Modelling, Thermal Shift Assay and Structural Studies. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms22157793. [PMID: 34360555 PMCID: PMC8346053 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22157793] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/25/2021] [Revised: 07/08/2021] [Accepted: 07/17/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Human cytosolic prolyl-tRNA synthetase (HcProRS) catalyses the formation of the prolyl-tRNAPro, playing an important role in protein synthesis. Inhibition of HcProRS activity has been shown to have potential benefits in the treatment of fibrosis, autoimmune diseases and cancer. Recently, potent pyrazinamide-based inhibitors were identified by a high-throughput screening (HTS) method, but no further elaboration was reported. The pyrazinamide core is a bioactive fragment found in numerous clinically validated drugs and has been subjected to various modifications. Therefore, we applied a virtual screening protocol to our in-house library of pyrazinamide-containing small molecules, searching for potential novel HcProRS inhibitors. We identified a series of 3-benzylaminopyrazine-2-carboxamide derivatives as positive hits. Five of them were confirmed by a thermal shift assay (TSA) with the best compounds 3b and 3c showing EC50 values of 3.77 and 7.34 µM, respectively, in the presence of 1 mM of proline (Pro) and 3.45 µM enzyme concentration. Co-crystal structures of HcProRS in complex with these compounds and Pro confirmed the initial docking studies and show how the Pro facilitates binding of the ligands that compete with ATP substrate. Modelling 3b into other human class II aminoacyl-tRNA synthetases (aaRSs) indicated that the subtle differences in the ATP binding site of these enzymes likely contribute to its potential selective binding of HcProRS. Taken together, this study successfully identified novel HcProRS binders from our anti-tuberculosis in-house compound library, displaying opportunities for repurposing old drug candidates for new applications such as therapeutics in HcProRS-related diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luping Pang
- Biocrystallography, Department of Pharmaceutical and Pharmacological Sciences, KU Leuven, Herestraat 49—Box 822, 3000 Leuven, Belgium; (L.P.); (S.D.W.); (S.V.S.)
- Medicinal Chemistry, Rega Institute for Medical Research, KU Leuven, Herestraat 49—Box 1041, 3000 Leuven, Belgium
| | - Stephen D. Weeks
- Biocrystallography, Department of Pharmaceutical and Pharmacological Sciences, KU Leuven, Herestraat 49—Box 822, 3000 Leuven, Belgium; (L.P.); (S.D.W.); (S.V.S.)
- Pledge Therapeutics, Gaston Geenslaan 1, 3001 Leuven, Belgium
| | - Martin Juhás
- Faculty of Pharmacy in Hradec Králové, Charles University, Akademika Heyrovského 1203, 500 05 Hradec Králové, Czech Republic;
| | - Sergei V. Strelkov
- Biocrystallography, Department of Pharmaceutical and Pharmacological Sciences, KU Leuven, Herestraat 49—Box 822, 3000 Leuven, Belgium; (L.P.); (S.D.W.); (S.V.S.)
| | - Jan Zitko
- Faculty of Pharmacy in Hradec Králové, Charles University, Akademika Heyrovského 1203, 500 05 Hradec Králové, Czech Republic;
- Correspondence: (J.Z.); (A.V.A.)
| | - Arthur Van Aerschot
- Medicinal Chemistry, Rega Institute for Medical Research, KU Leuven, Herestraat 49—Box 1041, 3000 Leuven, Belgium
- Correspondence: (J.Z.); (A.V.A.)
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49
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Treatment of ARS deficiencies with specific amino acids. Genet Med 2021; 23:2202-2207. [PMID: 34194004 PMCID: PMC8244667 DOI: 10.1038/s41436-021-01249-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/18/2021] [Revised: 06/07/2021] [Accepted: 06/08/2021] [Indexed: 02/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Purpose Recessive cytosolic aminoacyl-tRNA synthetase (ARS) deficiencies are severe multiorgan diseases, with limited treatment options. By loading transfer RNAs (tRNAs) with their cognate amino acids, ARS are essential for protein translation. However, it remains unknown why ARS deficiencies lead to specific symptoms, especially early life and during infections. We set out to increase pathophysiological insight and improve therapeutic possibilities. Methods In fibroblasts from patients with isoleucyl-RS (IARS), leucyl-RS (LARS), phenylalanyl-RS-beta-subunit (FARSB), and seryl-RS (SARS) deficiencies, we investigated aminoacylation activity, thermostability, and sensitivity to ARS-specific amino acid concentrations, and developed personalized treatments. Results Aminoacylation activity was reduced in all patients, and further diminished at 38.5/40 °C (PLARS and PFARSB), consistent with infectious deteriorations. With lower cognate amino acid concentrations, patient fibroblast growth was severely affected. To prevent local and/or temporal deficiencies, we treated patients with corresponding amino acids (follow-up: 1/2–2 2/3rd years), and intensified treatment during infections. All patients showed beneficial treatment effects, most strikingly in growth (without tube feeding), head circumference, development, coping with infections, and oxygen dependency. Conclusion For these four ARS deficiencies, we observed a common disease mechanism of episodic insufficient aminoacylation to meet translational demands and illustrate the power of amino acid supplementation for the expanding ARS patient group. Moreover, we provide a strategy for personalized preclinical functional evaluation. ![]()
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50
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Roux CJ, Barcia G, Schiff M, Sissler M, Levy R, Dangouloff-Ros V, Desguerre I, Edvardson S, Elpeleg O, Rötig A, Munnich A, Boddaert N. Phenotypic diversity of brain MRI patterns in mitochondrial aminoacyl-tRNA synthetase mutations. Mol Genet Metab 2021; 133:222-229. [PMID: 33972171 DOI: 10.1016/j.ymgme.2021.04.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2020] [Revised: 02/15/2021] [Accepted: 04/16/2021] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE Mitochondrial aminoacyl-tRNA synthetases-encoded by ARS2 genes-are evolutionarily conserved enzymes that catalyse the attachment of amino acids to their cognate tRNAs, ensuring the accuracy of the mitochondrial translation process. ARS2 gene mutations are associated with a wide range of clinical presentations affecting the CNS. METHODS Two senior neuroradiologists analysed brain MRI of 25 patients (age range: 3 d-25 yrs.; 11 males; 14 females) with biallelic pathogenic variants of 11 ARS2 genes in a retrospective study conducted between 2002 and 2019. RESULTS Though several combinations of brain MRI anomalies were highly suggestive of specific aetiologies (DARS2, EARS2, AARS2 and RARS2 mutations), our study detected no MRI pattern common to all patients. Stroke-like lesions were associated with pathogenic SARS2 and FARS2 variants. We also report early onset cerebellar atrophy and calcifications in AARS2 mutations, early white matter involvement in RARS2 mutations, and absent involvement of thalami in EARS2 mutations. Finally, our findings show that normal brain MRI results do not exclude the presence of ARS2 mutations: 5 patients with normal MRI images were carriers of pathogenic IARS2, YARS2, and FARS2 variants. CONCLUSION Our study extends the spectrum of brain MRI anomalies associated with pathogenic ARS2 variants and suggests ARS2 mutations are largely underdiagnosed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Charles-Joris Roux
- Department of Paediatric Radiology, Hôpital Necker-Enfants Malades, Paris, France.
| | - Giulia Barcia
- Department of Genetics, Hospital Necker-Enfants Malades, Paris, France
| | - Manuel Schiff
- Institut Imagine, INSERM UMR 1163, Paris, France; Necker Hospital, APHP, Reference Center for Inborn Error of Metabolism, Pediatrics Department, University of Paris, Paris, France
| | - Marie Sissler
- Institut Européen de Chimie et Biologie, INSERM U1212, CNRS UMR 5320, University of Bordeaux, Pessac, France
| | - Raphaël Levy
- Department of Paediatric Radiology, Hôpital Necker-Enfants Malades, Paris, France
| | | | - Isabelle Desguerre
- Department of Neurology and Metabolism, Hôpital Necker-Enfants Malades, Paris, France
| | - Shimon Edvardson
- Department of Genetics, Hadassah University Hospital, Jerusalem, Israel
| | - Orli Elpeleg
- Department of Genetics, Hadassah University Hospital, Jerusalem, Israel
| | - Agnès Rötig
- Institut Imagine, INSERM UMR 1163, Paris, France
| | - Arnold Munnich
- Department of Genetics, Hospital Necker-Enfants Malades, Paris, France; Institut Imagine, INSERM UMR 1163, Paris, France
| | - Nathalie Boddaert
- Department of Paediatric Radiology, Hôpital Necker-Enfants Malades, Paris, France; Institut Imagine, INSERM UMR 1163, Paris, France
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