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Li C, Luo Z, Tian M, Liang Q, Xie X, Zhao C. Molecularly imprinted beads based on modified cellulose hydrogel:A novel solid phase extraction filler for specific adsorption of camptothecin. Carbohydr Polym 2024; 339:122257. [PMID: 38823923 DOI: 10.1016/j.carbpol.2024.122257] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/27/2023] [Revised: 05/09/2024] [Accepted: 05/10/2024] [Indexed: 06/03/2024]
Abstract
Traditional solid phase extraction (SPE) suffers from a lack of specific adsorption. To overcome this problem, a combination of adsorption method and molecular imprinting technology by polydopamine modification was proposed to realize specific recognition of target compounds in SPE, which is of great significance to improve the separation efficiency of SPE. Cellulose hydrogel beads were prepared by dual cross-linking curing method and modified with polydopamine to make them hydrophilic and biocompatible. Subsequently, cellulose hydrogel-based molecularly imprinted beads (MIBs) were synthesized by surface molecular imprinting technology and used as novel column fillers in SPE to achieve efficient adsorption (34.16 mg·g-1) with specific selectivity towards camptothecin (CPT) in 120 min. The simulation and NMR analysis revealed that recognition mechanism of MIBs involved hydrogen bond interactions and Van der Waals effect. The MIBs were successful used in separating CPT from Camptotheca acuminata fruits, exhibiting impressive adsorption capacity (1.19 mg·g-1) and efficient recovery of CPT (81.54 %). Thus, an environmentally friendly column filler for SPE was developed, offering a promising avenue for utilizing cellulose-based materials in the selective separation of natural products.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chunying Li
- College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Resource Utilization, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin 150040, China; Engineering Research Center of Forest Bio-preparation, Ministry of Education, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin 150040, China; Key Laboratory of Forest Plant Ecology, Ministry of Education, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin 150040, China; Heilongjiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Ecological Utilization of Forestry-Based Active Substances, Harbin 150040, China
| | - Zidan Luo
- College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Resource Utilization, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin 150040, China; Engineering Research Center of Forest Bio-preparation, Ministry of Education, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin 150040, China; Key Laboratory of Forest Plant Ecology, Ministry of Education, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin 150040, China; Heilongjiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Ecological Utilization of Forestry-Based Active Substances, Harbin 150040, China
| | - Mengfei Tian
- College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Resource Utilization, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin 150040, China; Engineering Research Center of Forest Bio-preparation, Ministry of Education, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin 150040, China; Key Laboratory of Forest Plant Ecology, Ministry of Education, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin 150040, China; Heilongjiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Ecological Utilization of Forestry-Based Active Substances, Harbin 150040, China
| | - Qi Liang
- College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Resource Utilization, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin 150040, China; Engineering Research Center of Forest Bio-preparation, Ministry of Education, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin 150040, China; Key Laboratory of Forest Plant Ecology, Ministry of Education, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin 150040, China; Heilongjiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Ecological Utilization of Forestry-Based Active Substances, Harbin 150040, China
| | - Xiaofei Xie
- College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Resource Utilization, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin 150040, China; Engineering Research Center of Forest Bio-preparation, Ministry of Education, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin 150040, China; Key Laboratory of Forest Plant Ecology, Ministry of Education, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin 150040, China; Heilongjiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Ecological Utilization of Forestry-Based Active Substances, Harbin 150040, China
| | - Chunjian Zhao
- College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Resource Utilization, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin 150040, China; Engineering Research Center of Forest Bio-preparation, Ministry of Education, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin 150040, China; Key Laboratory of Forest Plant Ecology, Ministry of Education, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin 150040, China; Heilongjiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Ecological Utilization of Forestry-Based Active Substances, Harbin 150040, China.
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Banadka A, Narasimha SW, Dandin VS, Naik PM, Vennapusa AR, Melmaiee K, Vemanna RS, Al-Khayri JM, Thiruvengadam M, Nagella P. Biotechnological approaches for the production of camptothecin. Appl Microbiol Biotechnol 2024; 108:382. [PMID: 38896329 PMCID: PMC11186875 DOI: 10.1007/s00253-024-13187-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/06/2024] [Revised: 05/14/2024] [Accepted: 05/15/2024] [Indexed: 06/21/2024]
Abstract
Camptothecin (CPT), an indole alkaloid popular for its anticancer property, is considered the third most promising drug after taxol and famous alkaloids from Vinca for the treatment of cancer in humans. Camptothecin was first identified in Camptotheca acuminata followed by several other plant species and endophytic fungi. Increased harvesting driven by rising global demand is depleting the availability of elite plant genotypes, such as Camptotheca acuminata and Nothapodytes nimmoniana, crucial for producing alkaloids used in treating diseases like cancer. Conservation of these genotypes for the future is imperative. Therefore, research on different plant tissue culture techniques such as cell suspension culture, hairy roots, adventitious root culture, elicitation strategies, and endophytic fungi has been adopted for the production of CPT to meet the increasing demand without affecting the source plant's existence. Currently, another strategy to increase camptothecin yield by genetic manipulation is underway. The present review discusses the plants and endophytes that are employed for camptothecin production and throws light on the plant tissue culture techniques for the regeneration of plants, callus culture, and selection of cell lines for the highest camptothecin production. The review further explains the simple, accurate, and cost-effective extraction and quantification methods. There is enormous potential for the sustainable production of CPT which could be met by culturing of suitable endophytes or plant cell or organ culture in a bioreactor scale production. Also, different gene editing tools provide opportunities for engineering the biosynthetic pathway of CPT, and the overall CPT production can be improved . KEY POINTS: • Camptothecin is a naturally occurring alkaloid with potent anticancer properties, primarily known for its ability to inhibit DNA topoisomerase I. • Plants and endophytes offer a potential approach for camptothecin production. • Biotechnology approaches like plant tissue culture techniques enhanced camptothecin production.
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Affiliation(s)
- Akshatha Banadka
- Department of Life Sciences, CHRIST (Deemed to be University), Bangalore, 560 029, Karnataka, India
| | - Sudheer Wudali Narasimha
- Department of Life Sciences, CHRIST (Deemed to be University), Bangalore, 560 029, Karnataka, India
| | | | - Poornanand M Naik
- Department of Botany, Karnatak University, Dharwad, 580003, Karnataka, India
| | | | - Kalpalatha Melmaiee
- Department of Agriculture and Natural Resources, Delaware State University, Dover, DE, 19901, USA
| | - Ramu S Vemanna
- Laboratory of Plant Functional Genomics, Regional Center for Biotechnology, Faridabad, 121001, Haryana, India
| | - Jameel M Al-Khayri
- Department of Agricultural Biotechnology, College of Agriculture and Food Sciences, King Faisal University, Al- Ahsa, 31982, Saudi Arabia.
| | - Muthu Thiruvengadam
- Department of Crop Science, College of Sanghuh Life Science, Konkuk University, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Praveen Nagella
- Department of Life Sciences, CHRIST (Deemed to be University), Bangalore, 560 029, Karnataka, India.
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Wang L, Geng G, Xie H, Zhou L, He Y, Li Z, Qiao F. A Transcriptomic and Metabolomic Study on the Biosynthesis of Iridoids in Phlomoides rotata from the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau. PLANTS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2024; 13:1627. [PMID: 38931059 PMCID: PMC11207590 DOI: 10.3390/plants13121627] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2024] [Revised: 05/27/2024] [Accepted: 06/11/2024] [Indexed: 06/28/2024]
Abstract
Phlomoides rotata is a traditional Chinese herbal medicine that grows in the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau region at a 3100-5000 m altitude. Iridoid compounds are the main active compounds of the P. rotata used as medical ingredients and display anti-inflammatory, analgesic, and hepatoprotective properties. To better understand the biological mechanisms of iridoid compounds in this species, we performed a comprehensive analysis of the transcriptome and metabolome of P. rotata leaves from four different regions (3540-4270 m). Global metabolome profiling detected 575 metabolites, and 455 differentially accumulated metabolites (DAMs) were detected in P. rotata leaves from the four regions. Eight major DAMs related to iridoid metabolism in P. rotata leaves were investigated: shanzhiside methyl ester, 8-epideoxyloganic acid, barlerin, shanzhiside, geniposide, agnuside, feretoside, and catalpin. In addition, five soil physical and chemical indicators in P. rotata rhizosphere soils were analyzed. Four significant positive correlations were observed between alkaline nitrogen and geniposide, exchangeable calcium and geniposide, available potassium and shanzhiside, and available phosphorus and shanzhiside methyl ester. The transcriptome data showed 12 P. rotata cDNA libraries with 74.46 Gb of clean data, which formed 29,833 unigenes. Moreover, 78.91% of the unigenes were annotated using the eight public databases. Forty-one candidate genes representing 23 enzymes involved in the biosynthesis of iridoid compounds were identified in P. rotata leaves. Moreover, the DXS1, IDI1, 8-HGO1, and G10H2 genes associated with iridoid biosynthesis were specifically expressed in P. rotata. The integration of transcriptome and metabolome analyses highlights the crucial role of soil physical and chemical indicators and major gene expression related to iridoid metabolism pathways in P. rotata from different areas. Our findings provide a theoretical foundation for exploring the molecular mechanisms underlying iridoid compound accumulation in P. rotata.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luhao Wang
- Key Laboratory of Tibetan Plateau Medicinal Plant and Animal Resources, School of Life Sciences, Qinghai Normal University, Xining 810008, China; (L.W.); (H.X.); (L.Z.); (Y.H.); (Z.L.)
| | - Guigong Geng
- Academy of Agricultural and Forestry Sciences, Qinghai University, Xining 810016, China;
| | - Huichun Xie
- Key Laboratory of Tibetan Plateau Medicinal Plant and Animal Resources, School of Life Sciences, Qinghai Normal University, Xining 810008, China; (L.W.); (H.X.); (L.Z.); (Y.H.); (Z.L.)
- Academy of Plateau Science and Sustainability, Qinghai Normal University, Xining 810008, China
| | - Lianyu Zhou
- Key Laboratory of Tibetan Plateau Medicinal Plant and Animal Resources, School of Life Sciences, Qinghai Normal University, Xining 810008, China; (L.W.); (H.X.); (L.Z.); (Y.H.); (Z.L.)
- Academy of Plateau Science and Sustainability, Qinghai Normal University, Xining 810008, China
| | - Yujiao He
- Key Laboratory of Tibetan Plateau Medicinal Plant and Animal Resources, School of Life Sciences, Qinghai Normal University, Xining 810008, China; (L.W.); (H.X.); (L.Z.); (Y.H.); (Z.L.)
| | - Zuxia Li
- Key Laboratory of Tibetan Plateau Medicinal Plant and Animal Resources, School of Life Sciences, Qinghai Normal University, Xining 810008, China; (L.W.); (H.X.); (L.Z.); (Y.H.); (Z.L.)
| | - Feng Qiao
- Key Laboratory of Tibetan Plateau Medicinal Plant and Animal Resources, School of Life Sciences, Qinghai Normal University, Xining 810008, China; (L.W.); (H.X.); (L.Z.); (Y.H.); (Z.L.)
- Academy of Plateau Science and Sustainability, Qinghai Normal University, Xining 810008, China
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Zhang S, Ren Y, Wang S, Song L, Jing Y, Xu T, Kang X, Li Y. EuHDZ25 positively affects rubber biosynthesis by targeting EuFPS1 in Eucommia leaves. Int J Biol Macromol 2024; 272:132707. [PMID: 38825274 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2024.132707] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2024] [Revised: 05/12/2024] [Accepted: 05/27/2024] [Indexed: 06/04/2024]
Abstract
Eucommia ulmoides is a temperate gum source plant that produces trans-polyisoprene (TPI), also known as Eucommia rubber. The structural configuration and function of TPI offer a new material with important potential for industrial development. In this study, we detected the TPI content in the leaves of diploid and triploid E. ulmoides plants. The average TPI content in the leaves of triploid E. ulmoides was significantly higher than that of diploid. Transcriptome data and weighted gene co-expression network analyses identified a significant positive correlation between the EuFPS1 gene and TPI content. Overexpression of EuFPS1 increased the density of rubber particles and TPI content, indicating its crucial role in TPI biosynthesis. In addition, the expression of EuHDZ25 in E. ulmoides was significantly positively correlated with EuFPS1 expression. Yeast one-hybrid and dual-luciferase assays demonstrated that EuHDZ25 mainly promotes TPI biosynthesis through positive regulation of EuFPS1 expression. The significantly up-regulated expression of EuHDZ25 and its consequent upregulation of EuFPS1 during the biosynthesis of TPI may partially explain the increased TPI content of triploids. This study provides an important theoretical foundation for further exploring the molecular mechanism of secondary metabolites content variation in polyploids and can help to promote the development and utilization of rubber resources.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuwen Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Tree Genetics and Breeding, National Engineering Research Center of Tree Breeding and Ecological Restoration, College of Biological Sciences and Technology, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing 100083, China
| | - Yongyu Ren
- College of Forestry, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou 450046, China
| | - Shun Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Tree Genetics and Breeding, National Engineering Research Center of Tree Breeding and Ecological Restoration, College of Biological Sciences and Technology, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing 100083, China
| | - Lianjun Song
- Weixian Eucommia National Forest Tree Germplasm Repository, Weixian Forestry Cultivation Base of Superior Species, Hebei, China
| | - Yanchun Jing
- State Key Laboratory of Tree Genetics and Breeding, National Engineering Research Center of Tree Breeding and Ecological Restoration, College of Biological Sciences and Technology, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing 100083, China
| | - Tingting Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Tree Genetics and Breeding, National Engineering Research Center of Tree Breeding and Ecological Restoration, College of Biological Sciences and Technology, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing 100083, China
| | - Xiangyang Kang
- State Key Laboratory of Tree Genetics and Breeding, National Engineering Research Center of Tree Breeding and Ecological Restoration, College of Biological Sciences and Technology, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing 100083, China
| | - Yun Li
- State Key Laboratory of Tree Genetics and Breeding, National Engineering Research Center of Tree Breeding and Ecological Restoration, College of Biological Sciences and Technology, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing 100083, China.
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Zhang S, Chen H, Wang S, Du K, Song L, Xu T, Xia Y, Guo R, Kang X, Li Y. Positive regulation of the Eucommia rubber biosynthesis-related gene EuFPS1 by EuWRKY30 in Eucommia ulmoides. Int J Biol Macromol 2024; 268:131751. [PMID: 38657917 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2024.131751] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2024] [Revised: 04/03/2024] [Accepted: 04/20/2024] [Indexed: 04/26/2024]
Abstract
Eucommia rubber is a secondary metabolite from Eucommia ulmoides that has attracted much attention because of its unique properties and enormous potential for application. However, the transcriptional mechanism regulating its biosynthesis has not yet been determined. Farnesyl pyrophosphate synthase is a key enzyme in the Eucommia rubber biosynthesis. In this study, the promoter of EuFPS1 was used as bait, EuWRKY30 was screened from the cDNA library of EuFPS1 via a yeast one-hybrid system. EuWRKY30 belongs to the WRKY IIa subfamily and contains a WRKY domain and a C2H2 zinc finger motif, and the expressed protein is located in the nucleus. EuWRKY30 and EuFPS1 exhibited similar tissue expression patterns, and yeast one-hybrid and dual-luciferase experiments confirmed that EuWRKY30 directly binds to the W-box element in the EuFPS1 promoter and activates its expression. Moreover, the overexpression of EuWRKY30 significantly upregulated the expression level of EuFPS1, further increasing the density of the rubber particles and Eucommia rubber content. The results of this study indicated that EuWRKY30 positively regulates EuFPS1, which plays a critical role in the synthesis of Eucommia rubber, provided a basis for further analysis of the underlying transcriptional regulatory mechanisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuwen Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Tree Genetics and Breeding, National Engineering Research Center of Tree Breeding and Ecological Restoration, College of Biological Sciences and Biotechnology, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing 100083, China
| | - Hao Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Tree Genetics and Breeding, National Engineering Research Center of Tree Breeding and Ecological Restoration, College of Biological Sciences and Biotechnology, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing 100083, China
| | - Shun Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Tree Genetics and Breeding, National Engineering Research Center of Tree Breeding and Ecological Restoration, College of Biological Sciences and Biotechnology, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing 100083, China
| | - Kang Du
- State Key Laboratory of Tree Genetics and Breeding, National Engineering Research Center of Tree Breeding and Ecological Restoration, College of Biological Sciences and Biotechnology, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing 100083, China
| | - Lianjun Song
- Weixian Eucommia National Forest Tree Germplasm Repository, Weixian Forestry Cultivation Base of Superior Species, Hebei, China
| | - Tingting Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Tree Genetics and Breeding, National Engineering Research Center of Tree Breeding and Ecological Restoration, College of Biological Sciences and Biotechnology, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing 100083, China
| | - Yufei Xia
- State Key Laboratory of Tree Genetics and Breeding, National Engineering Research Center of Tree Breeding and Ecological Restoration, College of Biological Sciences and Biotechnology, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing 100083, China
| | - Ruihua Guo
- State Key Laboratory of Tree Genetics and Breeding, National Engineering Research Center of Tree Breeding and Ecological Restoration, College of Biological Sciences and Biotechnology, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing 100083, China
| | - Xiangyang Kang
- State Key Laboratory of Tree Genetics and Breeding, National Engineering Research Center of Tree Breeding and Ecological Restoration, College of Biological Sciences and Biotechnology, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing 100083, China
| | - Yun Li
- State Key Laboratory of Tree Genetics and Breeding, National Engineering Research Center of Tree Breeding and Ecological Restoration, College of Biological Sciences and Biotechnology, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing 100083, China.
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Li Q, Duncan S, Li Y, Huang S, Luo M. Decoding plant specialized metabolism: new mechanistic insights. TRENDS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2024; 29:535-545. [PMID: 38072690 DOI: 10.1016/j.tplants.2023.11.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/03/2023] [Revised: 11/02/2023] [Accepted: 11/17/2023] [Indexed: 05/04/2024]
Abstract
Secondary metabolite (SM) production provides biotic and abiotic stress resistance and enables plants to adapt to the environment. Biosynthesis of these metabolites involves a complex interplay between transcription factors (TFs) and regulatory elements, with emerging evidence suggesting an integral role for chromatin dynamics. Here we review key TFs and epigenetic regulators that govern SM biosynthesis in different contexts. We summarize relevant emerging technologies and results from the model species arabidopsis (Arabidopsis thaliana) and outline aspects of regulation that may also function in food, feed, fiber, oil, or industrial crop plants. Finally, we highlight how effective translation of fundamental knowledge from model to non-model species can benefit understanding of SM production in a variety of ecological, agricultural, and pharmaceutical contexts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qianqian Li
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Applied Botany and Key Laboratory of South China Agricultural Plant Molecular Analysis and Genetic Improvement, South China Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510650, China; Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, John Innes Centre, Norwich Research Park, Norwich NR4 7UH, UK
| | - Susan Duncan
- Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, John Innes Centre, Norwich Research Park, Norwich NR4 7UH, UK
| | - Yuping Li
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Applied Botany and Key Laboratory of South China Agricultural Plant Molecular Analysis and Genetic Improvement, South China Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510650, China
| | - Shuxian Huang
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Applied Botany and Key Laboratory of South China Agricultural Plant Molecular Analysis and Genetic Improvement, South China Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510650, China
| | - Ming Luo
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Applied Botany and Key Laboratory of South China Agricultural Plant Molecular Analysis and Genetic Improvement, South China Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510650, China.
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7
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Shi M, Zhang S, Zheng Z, Maoz I, Zhang L, Kai G. Molecular regulation of the key specialized metabolism pathways in medicinal plants. JOURNAL OF INTEGRATIVE PLANT BIOLOGY 2024; 66:510-531. [PMID: 38441295 DOI: 10.1111/jipb.13634] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/27/2023] [Revised: 01/30/2024] [Accepted: 01/30/2024] [Indexed: 03/21/2024]
Abstract
The basis of modern pharmacology is the human ability to exploit the production of specialized metabolites from medical plants, for example, terpenoids, alkaloids, and phenolic acids. However, in most cases, the availability of these valuable compounds is limited by cellular or organelle barriers or spatio-temporal accumulation patterns within different plant tissues. Transcription factors (TFs) regulate biosynthesis of these specialized metabolites by tightly controlling the expression of biosynthetic genes. Cutting-edge technologies and/or combining multiple strategies and approaches have been applied to elucidate the role of TFs. In this review, we focus on recent progress in the transcription regulation mechanism of representative high-value products and describe the transcriptional regulatory network, and future perspectives are discussed, which will help develop high-yield plant resources.
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Affiliation(s)
- Min Shi
- Zhejiang Provincial International S&T Cooperation Base for Active Ingredients of Medicinal and Edible Plants and Health, Zhejiang Provincial Key TCM Laboratory for Chinese Resource Innovation and Transformation, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Jinhua Academy, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, 310053, China
| | - Siwei Zhang
- Zhejiang Provincial International S&T Cooperation Base for Active Ingredients of Medicinal and Edible Plants and Health, Zhejiang Provincial Key TCM Laboratory for Chinese Resource Innovation and Transformation, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Jinhua Academy, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, 310053, China
| | - Zizhen Zheng
- Zhejiang Provincial International S&T Cooperation Base for Active Ingredients of Medicinal and Edible Plants and Health, Zhejiang Provincial Key TCM Laboratory for Chinese Resource Innovation and Transformation, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Jinhua Academy, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, 310053, China
| | - Itay Maoz
- Department of Postharvest Science, Agricultural Research Organization, Volcani Center, Rishon, LeZion, 7505101, Israel
| | - Lei Zhang
- Department of Pharmaceutical Botany, School of Pharmacy, Naval Medical University, Shanghai, 200433, China
| | - Guoyin Kai
- Zhejiang Provincial International S&T Cooperation Base for Active Ingredients of Medicinal and Edible Plants and Health, Zhejiang Provincial Key TCM Laboratory for Chinese Resource Innovation and Transformation, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Jinhua Academy, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, 310053, China
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8
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Shao Y, Mu D, Zhou Y, Liu X, Huang X, Wilson IW, Qi Y, Lu Y, Zhu L, Zhang Y, Qiu D, Tang Q. Genome-Wide Mining of CULLIN E3 Ubiquitin Ligase Genes from Uncaria rhynchophylla. PLANTS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2024; 13:532. [PMID: 38498523 PMCID: PMC10891735 DOI: 10.3390/plants13040532] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2024] [Revised: 02/10/2024] [Accepted: 02/13/2024] [Indexed: 03/20/2024]
Abstract
CULLIN (CUL) protein is a subtype of E3 ubiquitin ligase that is involved in a variety of biological processes and responses to stress in plants. In Uncaria rhynchophylla, the CUL gene family has not been identified and its role in plant development, stress response and secondary metabolite synthesis has not been studied. In this study, 12 UrCUL gene members all contained the typical N-terminal domain and C-terminal domain identified from the U. rhynchophylla genome and were classified into four subfamilies based on the phylogenetic relationship with CULs in Arabidopsis thaliana. They were unevenly distributed on eight chromosomes but had a similar structural composition in the same subfamily, indicating that they were relatively conserved and potentially had similar gene functions. An interspecific and intraspecific collinearity analysis showed that fragment duplication played an important role in the evolution of the CUL gene family. The analysis of the cis-acting elements suggests that the UrCULs may play an important role in various biological processes, including the abscisic acid (ABA) response. To investigate this hypothesis, we treated the roots of U. rhynchophylla tissue-cultured seedlings with ABA. The expression pattern analysis showed that all the UrCUL genes were widely expressed in roots with various expression patterns. The co-expression association analysis of the UrCULs and key enzyme genes in the terpenoid indole alkaloid (TIA) synthesis pathway revealed the complex expression patterns of 12 UrCUL genes and some key TIA enzyme genes, especially UrCUL1, UrCUL1-likeA, UrCUL2-likeA and UrCUL2-likeB, which might be involved in the biosynthesis of TIAs. The results showed that the UrCULs were involved in the response to ABA hormones, providing important information for elucidating the function of UrCULs in U. rhynchophylla. The mining of UrCULs in the whole genome of U. rhynchophylla provided new information for understanding the CUL gene and its function in plant secondary metabolites, growth and development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yingying Shao
- College of Horticulture, National Research Center of Engineering Technology for Utilization of Botanical Functional Ingredients, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha 410128, China; (Y.S.); (D.M.); (Y.Z.); (X.L.); (Y.L.); (L.Z.); (Y.Z.)
| | - Detian Mu
- College of Horticulture, National Research Center of Engineering Technology for Utilization of Botanical Functional Ingredients, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha 410128, China; (Y.S.); (D.M.); (Y.Z.); (X.L.); (Y.L.); (L.Z.); (Y.Z.)
| | - Yu Zhou
- College of Horticulture, National Research Center of Engineering Technology for Utilization of Botanical Functional Ingredients, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha 410128, China; (Y.S.); (D.M.); (Y.Z.); (X.L.); (Y.L.); (L.Z.); (Y.Z.)
| | - Xinghui Liu
- College of Horticulture, National Research Center of Engineering Technology for Utilization of Botanical Functional Ingredients, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha 410128, China; (Y.S.); (D.M.); (Y.Z.); (X.L.); (Y.L.); (L.Z.); (Y.Z.)
| | - Xueshuang Huang
- Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory for Synthetic Biology of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Hunan University of Medicine, Huaihua 410208, China;
| | - Iain W. Wilson
- CSIRO Agriculture and Food, Canberra, ACT 2601, Australia
| | - Yuxin Qi
- Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory for Synthetic Biology of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Hunan University of Medicine, Huaihua 410208, China;
| | - Ying Lu
- College of Horticulture, National Research Center of Engineering Technology for Utilization of Botanical Functional Ingredients, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha 410128, China; (Y.S.); (D.M.); (Y.Z.); (X.L.); (Y.L.); (L.Z.); (Y.Z.)
| | - Lina Zhu
- College of Horticulture, National Research Center of Engineering Technology for Utilization of Botanical Functional Ingredients, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha 410128, China; (Y.S.); (D.M.); (Y.Z.); (X.L.); (Y.L.); (L.Z.); (Y.Z.)
| | - Yao Zhang
- College of Horticulture, National Research Center of Engineering Technology for Utilization of Botanical Functional Ingredients, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha 410128, China; (Y.S.); (D.M.); (Y.Z.); (X.L.); (Y.L.); (L.Z.); (Y.Z.)
| | - Deyou Qiu
- State Key Laboratory of Tree Genetics and Breeding, Research Institute of Forestry, Chinese Academy of Forestry, Beijing 100091, China;
| | - Qi Tang
- College of Horticulture, National Research Center of Engineering Technology for Utilization of Botanical Functional Ingredients, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha 410128, China; (Y.S.); (D.M.); (Y.Z.); (X.L.); (Y.L.); (L.Z.); (Y.Z.)
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Shao Y, Zhou Y, Yang L, Mu D, Wilson IW, Zhang Y, Zhu L, Liu X, Luo L, He J, Qiu D, Tang Q. Genome-wide identification of GATA transcription factor family and the effect of different light quality on the accumulation of terpenoid indole alkaloids in Uncaria rhynchophylla. PLANT MOLECULAR BIOLOGY 2024; 114:15. [PMID: 38329633 DOI: 10.1007/s11103-023-01400-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2023] [Accepted: 11/07/2023] [Indexed: 02/09/2024]
Abstract
Uncaria rhynchophylla is an evergreen vine plant, belonging to the Rubiaceae family, that is rich in terpenoid indole alkaloids (TIAs) that have therapeutic effects on hypertension and Alzheimer's disease. GATA transcription factors (TF) are a class of transcription regulators that participate in the light response regulation, chlorophyll synthesis, and metabolism, with the capability to bind to GATA cis-acting elements in the promoter region of target genes. Currently the charactertics of GATA TFs in U. rhynchophylla and how different light qualities affect the expression of GATA and key enzyme genes, thereby affecting the changes in U. rhynchophylla alkaloids have not been investigated. In this study, 25 UrGATA genes belonging to four subgroups were identified based on genome-wide analysis. Intraspecific collinearity analysis revealed that only segmental duplications were identified among the UrGATA gene family. Collinearity analysis of GATA genes between U. rhynchophylla and four representative plant species, Arabidopsis thaliana, Oryza sativa, Coffea Canephora, and Catharanthus roseus was also performed. U. rhynchophylla seedlings grown in either red lights or under reduced light intensity had altered TIAs content after 21 days. Gene expression analysis reveal a complex pattern of expression from the 25 UrGATA genes as well as a number of key TIA enzyme genes. UrGATA7 and UrGATA8 were found to have similar expression profiles to key enzyme TIA genes in response to altered light treatments, implying that they may be involved in the regulation TIA content. In this research, we comprehensively analyzed the UrGATA TFs, and offered insight into the involvement of UrGATA TFs from U. rhynchophylla in TIAs biosynthesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yingying Shao
- College of Horticulture, National Research Center of Engineering Technology for Utilization of Botanical Functional Ingredients, Hunan Agricultural University, 410128, Changsha, China
| | - Yu Zhou
- College of Horticulture, National Research Center of Engineering Technology for Utilization of Botanical Functional Ingredients, Hunan Agricultural University, 410128, Changsha, China
| | - Li Yang
- College of Horticulture, National Research Center of Engineering Technology for Utilization of Botanical Functional Ingredients, Hunan Agricultural University, 410128, Changsha, China
| | - Detian Mu
- College of Horticulture, National Research Center of Engineering Technology for Utilization of Botanical Functional Ingredients, Hunan Agricultural University, 410128, Changsha, China.
| | - Iain W Wilson
- CSIRO Agriculture and Food, Canberra, ACT, 2601, Australia
| | - Yao Zhang
- College of Horticulture, National Research Center of Engineering Technology for Utilization of Botanical Functional Ingredients, Hunan Agricultural University, 410128, Changsha, China
| | - Lina Zhu
- College of Horticulture, National Research Center of Engineering Technology for Utilization of Botanical Functional Ingredients, Hunan Agricultural University, 410128, Changsha, China
| | - Xinghui Liu
- College of Horticulture, National Research Center of Engineering Technology for Utilization of Botanical Functional Ingredients, Hunan Agricultural University, 410128, Changsha, China
| | - Ling Luo
- College of Horticulture, National Research Center of Engineering Technology for Utilization of Botanical Functional Ingredients, Hunan Agricultural University, 410128, Changsha, China
| | - Jialong He
- College of Horticulture, National Research Center of Engineering Technology for Utilization of Botanical Functional Ingredients, Hunan Agricultural University, 410128, Changsha, China
| | - Deyou Qiu
- State Key Laboratory of Tree Genetics and Breeding, Research Institute of Forestry, Chinese Academy of Forestry, 100091, Beijing, China
| | - Qi Tang
- College of Horticulture, National Research Center of Engineering Technology for Utilization of Botanical Functional Ingredients, Hunan Agricultural University, 410128, Changsha, China.
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Huang X, Zhang W, Liao Y, Ye J, Xu F. Contemporary understanding of transcription factor regulation of terpenoid biosynthesis in plants. PLANTA 2023; 259:2. [PMID: 37971670 DOI: 10.1007/s00425-023-04268-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2023] [Accepted: 10/18/2023] [Indexed: 11/19/2023]
Abstract
KEY MESSAGE This review summarized how TFs function independently or in response to environmental factors to regulate terpenoid biosynthesis via fine-tuning the expression of rate-limiting enzymes. Terpenoids are derived from various species and sources. They are essential for interacting with the environment and defense mechanisms, such as antimicrobial, antifungal, antiviral, and antiparasitic properties. Almost all terpenoids have high medicinal value and economic performance. Recently, the control of enzyme genes on terpenoid biosynthesis has received a great deal of attention, but transcriptional factors regulatory network on terpenoid biosynthesis and accumulation has yet to get a thorough review. Transcription factors function as activators or suppressors independently or in response to environmental stimuli, fine-tuning terpenoid accumulation through regulating rate-limiting enzyme expression. This study investigates the advancements in transcription factors related to terpenoid biosynthesis and systematically summarizes previous works on the specific mechanisms of transcription factors that regulate terpenoid biosynthesis via hormone signal-transcription regulatory networks in plants. This will help us to better comprehend the regulatory network of terpenoid biosynthesis and build the groundwork for terpenoid development and effective utilization.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xinru Huang
- College of Horticulture and Gardening, Yangtze University, Jingzhou, 434025, Hubei, China
| | - Weiwei Zhang
- College of Horticulture and Gardening, Yangtze University, Jingzhou, 434025, Hubei, China
| | - Yongling Liao
- College of Horticulture and Gardening, Yangtze University, Jingzhou, 434025, Hubei, China
| | - Jiabao Ye
- College of Horticulture and Gardening, Yangtze University, Jingzhou, 434025, Hubei, China.
| | - Feng Xu
- College of Horticulture and Gardening, Yangtze University, Jingzhou, 434025, Hubei, China.
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11
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Mu D, Shao Y, He J, Zhu L, Qiu D, Wilson IW, Zhang Y, Pan L, Zhou Y, Lu Y, Tang Q. Evaluation of Reference Genes for Normalizing RT-qPCR and Analysis of the Expression Patterns of WRKY1 Transcription Factor and Rhynchophylline Biosynthesis-Related Genes in Uncaria rhynchophylla. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:16330. [PMID: 38003520 PMCID: PMC10671239 DOI: 10.3390/ijms242216330] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2023] [Revised: 11/10/2023] [Accepted: 11/13/2023] [Indexed: 11/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Uncaria rhynchophylla (Miq.) Miq. ex Havil, a traditional medicinal herb, is enriched with several pharmacologically active terpenoid indole alkaloids (TIAs). At present, no method has been reported that can comprehensively select and evaluate the appropriate reference genes for gene expression analysis, especially the transcription factors and key enzyme genes involved in the biosynthesis pathway of TIAs in U. rhynchophylla. Reverse transcription quantitative PCR (RT-qPCR) is currently the most common method for detecting gene expression levels due to its high sensitivity, specificity, reproducibility, and ease of use. However, this methodology is dependent on selecting an optimal reference gene to accurately normalize the RT-qPCR results. Ten candidate reference genes, which are homologues of genes used in other plant species and are common reference genes, were used to evaluate the expression stability under three stress-related experimental treatments (methyl jasmonate, ethylene, and low temperature) using multiple stability analysis methodologies. The results showed that, among the candidate reference genes, S-adenosylmethionine decarboxylase (SAM) exhibited a higher expression stability under the experimental conditions tested. Using SAM as a reference gene, the expression profiles of 14 genes for key TIA enzymes and a WRKY1 transcription factor were examined under three experimental stress treatments that affect the accumulation of TIAs in U. rhynchophylla. The expression pattern of WRKY1 was similar to that of tryptophan decarboxylase (TDC) under ETH treatment. This research is the first to report the stability of reference genes in U. rhynchophylla and provides an important foundation for future gene expression analyses in U. rhynchophylla. The RT-qPCR results indicate that the expression of WRKY1 is similar to that of TDC under ETH treatment. It may coordinate the expression of TDC, providing a possible method to enhance alkaloid production in the future through synthetic biology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Detian Mu
- College of Horticulture, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha 410128, China
| | - Yingying Shao
- College of Horticulture, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha 410128, China
| | - Jialong He
- College of Horticulture, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha 410128, China
| | - Lina Zhu
- College of Horticulture, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha 410128, China
| | - Deyou Qiu
- State Key Laboratory of Tree Genetics and Breeding, Research Institute of Forestry, Chinese Academy of Forestry, Beijing 100091, China
| | - Iain W Wilson
- Commonwealth Scientific and Industrial Research Organisation (CSIRO) Agriculture and Food, Canberra, ACT 2601, Australia
| | - Yao Zhang
- College of Horticulture, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha 410128, China
| | - Limei Pan
- Key Laboratory of Guangxi for High-Quality Formation and Utilization of Dai-di Herbs, Guangxi Botanical Garden of Medicinal Plants, Nanning 530023, China
| | - Yu Zhou
- College of Horticulture, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha 410128, China
| | - Ying Lu
- College of Horticulture, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha 410128, China
| | - Qi Tang
- College of Horticulture, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha 410128, China
- Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory for Synthetic Biology of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Hunan University of Medicine, Changsha 410208, China
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12
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Zhao Y, Liu G, Yang F, Liang Y, Gao Q, Xiang C, Li X, Yang R, Zhang G, Jiang H, Yu L, Yang S. Multilayered regulation of secondary metabolism in medicinal plants. MOLECULAR HORTICULTURE 2023; 3:11. [PMID: 37789448 PMCID: PMC10514987 DOI: 10.1186/s43897-023-00059-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2023] [Accepted: 04/27/2023] [Indexed: 10/05/2023]
Abstract
Medicinal plants represent a huge reservoir of secondary metabolites (SMs), substances with significant pharmaceutical and industrial potential. However, obtaining secondary metabolites remains a challenge due to their low-yield accumulation in medicinal plants; moreover, these secondary metabolites are produced through tightly coordinated pathways involving many spatiotemporally and environmentally regulated steps. The first regulatory layer involves a complex network of transcription factors; a second, more recently discovered layer of complexity in the regulation of SMs is epigenetic modification, such as DNA methylation, histone modification and small RNA-based mechanisms, which can jointly or separately influence secondary metabolites by regulating gene expression. Here, we summarize the findings in the fields of genetic and epigenetic regulation with a special emphasis on SMs in medicinal plants, providing a new perspective on the multiple layers of regulation of gene expression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yan Zhao
- Key Laboratory of Medicinal Plant Biology of Yunnan Province, National & Local Joint Engineering Research Center on Germplasms Innovation & Utilization of Chinese Medicinal Materials in Southwest China, Yunnan Agricultural University, 650201, Kunming, China
- College of Agronomy & Biotechnology, Yunnan Agricultural University, Kunming, 650201, China
| | - Guanze Liu
- Key Laboratory of Medicinal Plant Biology of Yunnan Province, National & Local Joint Engineering Research Center on Germplasms Innovation & Utilization of Chinese Medicinal Materials in Southwest China, Yunnan Agricultural University, 650201, Kunming, China
| | - Feng Yang
- Institute of Chinese Medicinal Materials, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, China
| | - Yanli Liang
- Key Laboratory of Medicinal Plant Biology of Yunnan Province, National & Local Joint Engineering Research Center on Germplasms Innovation & Utilization of Chinese Medicinal Materials in Southwest China, Yunnan Agricultural University, 650201, Kunming, China
- College of Agronomy & Biotechnology, Yunnan Agricultural University, Kunming, 650201, China
| | - Qingqing Gao
- Key Laboratory of Medicinal Plant Biology of Yunnan Province, National & Local Joint Engineering Research Center on Germplasms Innovation & Utilization of Chinese Medicinal Materials in Southwest China, Yunnan Agricultural University, 650201, Kunming, China
- College of Agronomy & Biotechnology, Yunnan Agricultural University, Kunming, 650201, China
| | - Chunfan Xiang
- Key Laboratory of Medicinal Plant Biology of Yunnan Province, National & Local Joint Engineering Research Center on Germplasms Innovation & Utilization of Chinese Medicinal Materials in Southwest China, Yunnan Agricultural University, 650201, Kunming, China
- College of Agronomy & Biotechnology, Yunnan Agricultural University, Kunming, 650201, China
| | - Xia Li
- Key Laboratory of Medicinal Plant Biology of Yunnan Province, National & Local Joint Engineering Research Center on Germplasms Innovation & Utilization of Chinese Medicinal Materials in Southwest China, Yunnan Agricultural University, 650201, Kunming, China
- College of Agronomy & Biotechnology, Yunnan Agricultural University, Kunming, 650201, China
| | - Run Yang
- Key Laboratory of Medicinal Plant Biology of Yunnan Province, National & Local Joint Engineering Research Center on Germplasms Innovation & Utilization of Chinese Medicinal Materials in Southwest China, Yunnan Agricultural University, 650201, Kunming, China
- College of Agronomy & Biotechnology, Yunnan Agricultural University, Kunming, 650201, China
| | - Guanghui Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Medicinal Plant Biology of Yunnan Province, National & Local Joint Engineering Research Center on Germplasms Innovation & Utilization of Chinese Medicinal Materials in Southwest China, Yunnan Agricultural University, 650201, Kunming, China
- College of Agronomy & Biotechnology, Yunnan Agricultural University, Kunming, 650201, China
| | - Huifeng Jiang
- Key Laboratory of Engineering Biology for Low-Carbon Manufacturing, Tianjin Institute of Industrial Biotechnology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Tianjin, 300308, China.
| | - Lei Yu
- College of Agronomy, Yunnan Urban Agricultural Engineering and Technological Research Center, Kunming University, Kunming, 650214, China.
| | - Shengchao Yang
- Key Laboratory of Medicinal Plant Biology of Yunnan Province, National & Local Joint Engineering Research Center on Germplasms Innovation & Utilization of Chinese Medicinal Materials in Southwest China, Yunnan Agricultural University, 650201, Kunming, China.
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13
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Liu Y, Zhang Y, Liu Y, Lin L, Xiong X, Zhang D, Li S, Yu X, Li Y. Genome-Wide Identification and Characterization of WRKY Transcription Factors and Their Expression Profile in Loropetalum chinense var. rubrum. PLANTS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2023; 12:plants12112131. [PMID: 37299110 DOI: 10.3390/plants12112131] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2023] [Revised: 05/25/2023] [Accepted: 05/26/2023] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
The WRKY gene family plays important roles in plant growth and development, as well as in the responses to biotic and abiotic stresses. Loropetalum chinense var. rubrum has high ornamental and medicinal value. However, few WRKY genes have been reported in this plant, and their functions remain unknown. To explore the roles that the WRKY genes play in L. chinense var. rubrum, we identified and characterized 79 LcWRKYs through BLAST homology analysis and renamed them (as LcWRKY1-79) based on their distribution on the chromosomes of L. chinense var. rubrum. In this way, according to their structural characteristics and phylogenetic analysis, they were divided into three groups containing 16 (Group I), 52 (Group II), and 11 (Group III) WRKYs, respectively. LcWRKYs in the same group have similar motifs and gene structures; for instance, Motifs 1, 2, 3, 4, and 10 constitute the WRKY domain and zinc-finger structure. The LcWRKY promoter region contains light response elements (ACE, G-box), stress response elements (TC-rich repeats), hormone response elements (TATC-box, TCA-element), and MYB binding sites (MBS, MBSI). Synteny analysis of LcWRKYs allowed us to establish orthologous relationships among the WRKY gene families of Arabidopsis thaliana, Oryza sativa, Solanum lycopersicum L., Vitis vinifera L., Oryza sativa L., and Zea mays L.; furthermore, analysis of the transcriptomes of mature leaves and flowers from different cultivars demonstrated the cultivar-specific LcWRKY gene expression. The expression levels of certain LcWRKY genes also presented responsive changes from young to mature leaves, based on an analysis of the transcriptome in leaves at different developmental stages. White light treatment led to a significant decrease in the expression of LcWRKY6, 18, 24, 34, 36, 44, 48, 61, 62, and 77 and a significant increase in the expression of LcWRKY41, blue light treatment led to a significant decrease in the expression of LcWRKY18, 34, 50, and 77 and a significant increase in the expression of LcWRKY36 and 48. These results enable a better understanding of LcWRKYs, facilitating the further exploration of their genetic functions and the molecular breeding of L. chinense var. rubrum.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yang Liu
- College of Horticulture, Engineering Research Center for Horticultural Crop Germplasm Creation and New Variety Breeding (Ministry of Education), Hunan Mid-Subtropical Quality Plant Breeding and Utilization Engineering Technology Research Center, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha 410128, China
| | - Yifan Zhang
- College of Horticulture, Engineering Research Center for Horticultural Crop Germplasm Creation and New Variety Breeding (Ministry of Education), Hunan Mid-Subtropical Quality Plant Breeding and Utilization Engineering Technology Research Center, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha 410128, China
| | - Yang Liu
- College of Horticulture, Engineering Research Center for Horticultural Crop Germplasm Creation and New Variety Breeding (Ministry of Education), Hunan Mid-Subtropical Quality Plant Breeding and Utilization Engineering Technology Research Center, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha 410128, China
| | - Ling Lin
- School of Economics, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha 410128, China
| | - Xingyao Xiong
- College of Horticulture, Engineering Research Center for Horticultural Crop Germplasm Creation and New Variety Breeding (Ministry of Education), Hunan Mid-Subtropical Quality Plant Breeding and Utilization Engineering Technology Research Center, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha 410128, China
- Agricultural Genomics Institute at Shenzhen, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Shenzhen 518120, China
- Kunpeng Institute of Modern Agriculture, Foshan 528225, China
| | - Donglin Zhang
- College of Horticulture, Engineering Research Center for Horticultural Crop Germplasm Creation and New Variety Breeding (Ministry of Education), Hunan Mid-Subtropical Quality Plant Breeding and Utilization Engineering Technology Research Center, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha 410128, China
- Department of Horticulture, University of Georgia, Athens, GA 30602, USA
| | - Sha Li
- College of Chemistry and Materials Engineering, Zhejiang A & F University, Hangzhou311300, China
| | - Xiaoying Yu
- College of Horticulture, Engineering Research Center for Horticultural Crop Germplasm Creation and New Variety Breeding (Ministry of Education), Hunan Mid-Subtropical Quality Plant Breeding and Utilization Engineering Technology Research Center, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha 410128, China
| | - Yanlin Li
- College of Horticulture, Engineering Research Center for Horticultural Crop Germplasm Creation and New Variety Breeding (Ministry of Education), Hunan Mid-Subtropical Quality Plant Breeding and Utilization Engineering Technology Research Center, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha 410128, China
- Kunpeng Institute of Modern Agriculture, Foshan 528225, China
- School of Biological Sciences, Nanyang Technological University, 60 Nanyang Drive, Singapore 637551, Singapore
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14
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Xu Z, Liu Y, Fang H, Wen Y, Wang Y, Zhang J, Peng C, Long J. Genome-Wide Identification and Expression Analysis of WRKY Gene Family in Neolamarckia cadamba. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24087537. [PMID: 37108700 PMCID: PMC10142840 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24087537] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2023] [Revised: 04/15/2023] [Accepted: 04/17/2023] [Indexed: 04/29/2023] Open
Abstract
The WRKY transcription factor family plays important regulatory roles in multiple biological processes in higher plants. They have been identified and functionally characterized in a number of plant species, but very little is known in Neolamarckia cadamba, a 'miracle tree' for its fast growth and potential medicinal resource in Southeast Asia. In this study, a total of 85 WRKY genes were identified in the genome of N. cadamba. They were divided into three groups according to their phylogenetic features, with the support of the characteristics of gene structures and conserved motifs of protein. The NcWRKY genes were unevenly distributed on 22 chromosomes, and there were two pairs of segmentally duplicated events. In addition, a number of putative cis-elements were identified in the promoter regions, of which hormone- and stress-related elements were shared in many NcWRKYs. The transcript levels of NcWRKY were analyzed using the RNA-seq data, revealing distinct expression patterns in various tissues and at different stages of vascular development. Furthermore, 16 and 12 NcWRKY genes were confirmed to respond to various hormone treatments and two different abiotic stress treatments, respectively. Moreover, the content of cadambine, the active metabolite used for the various pharmacological activities found in N. cadamba, significantly increased after Methyl jasmonate treatment. In addition, expression of NcWRKY64/74 was obviously upregulated, suggesting that they may have a potential function of regulating the biosynthesis of cadambine in response to MeJA. Taken together, this study provides clues into the regulatory roles of the WRKY gene family in N. cadamba.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zuowei Xu
- Guangdong Key Laboratory for Innovative Development and Utilization of Forest Plant Germplasm, College of Forestry and Landscape Architecture, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China
| | - Yutong Liu
- Guangdong Key Laboratory for Innovative Development and Utilization of Forest Plant Germplasm, College of Forestry and Landscape Architecture, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China
| | - Huiting Fang
- Guangdong Key Laboratory for Innovative Development and Utilization of Forest Plant Germplasm, College of Forestry and Landscape Architecture, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China
| | - Yanqiong Wen
- Guangdong Key Laboratory for Innovative Development and Utilization of Forest Plant Germplasm, College of Forestry and Landscape Architecture, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China
| | - Ying Wang
- Guangdong Key Laboratory for Innovative Development and Utilization of Forest Plant Germplasm, College of Forestry and Landscape Architecture, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China
| | - Jianxia Zhang
- Guangdong Key Laboratory for Innovative Development and Utilization of Forest Plant Germplasm, College of Forestry and Landscape Architecture, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China
| | - Changcao Peng
- Guangdong Key Laboratory for Innovative Development and Utilization of Forest Plant Germplasm, College of Forestry and Landscape Architecture, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China
- State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Subtropical Agro-Bioresources, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China
| | - Jianmei Long
- Guangdong Key Laboratory for Innovative Development and Utilization of Forest Plant Germplasm, College of Forestry and Landscape Architecture, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China
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15
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Wang H, Cheng X, Yin D, Chen D, Luo C, Liu H, Huang C. Advances in the Research on Plant WRKY Transcription Factors Responsive to External Stresses. Curr Issues Mol Biol 2023; 45:2861-2880. [PMID: 37185711 PMCID: PMC10136515 DOI: 10.3390/cimb45040187] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2023] [Revised: 03/20/2023] [Accepted: 03/23/2023] [Indexed: 04/05/2023] Open
Abstract
The WRKY transcription factors are a class of transcriptional regulators that are ubiquitous in plants, wherein they play key roles in various physiological activities, including responses to stress. Specifically, WRKY transcription factors mediate plant responses to biotic and abiotic stresses through the binding of their conserved domain to the W-box element of the target gene promoter and the subsequent activation or inhibition of transcription (self-regulation or cross-regulation). In this review, the progress in the research on the regulatory effects of WRKY transcription factors on plant responses to external stresses is summarized, with a particular focus on the structural characteristics, classifications, biological functions, effects on plant secondary metabolism, regulatory networks, and other aspects of WRKY transcription factors. Future research and prospects in this field are also proposed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hongli Wang
- College of Ecology, Shanghai Institute of Technology, Shanghai 201418, China
| | - Xi Cheng
- Beijing Engineering Research Center of Functional Floriculture, Institute of Grassland, Flowers and Ecology, Beijing Academy of Agriculture and Forestry Sciences, Beijing 100097, China
| | - Dongmei Yin
- College of Ecology, Shanghai Institute of Technology, Shanghai 201418, China
| | - Dongliang Chen
- Beijing Engineering Research Center of Functional Floriculture, Institute of Grassland, Flowers and Ecology, Beijing Academy of Agriculture and Forestry Sciences, Beijing 100097, China
| | - Chang Luo
- Beijing Engineering Research Center of Functional Floriculture, Institute of Grassland, Flowers and Ecology, Beijing Academy of Agriculture and Forestry Sciences, Beijing 100097, China
| | - Hua Liu
- Beijing Engineering Research Center of Functional Floriculture, Institute of Grassland, Flowers and Ecology, Beijing Academy of Agriculture and Forestry Sciences, Beijing 100097, China
| | - Conglin Huang
- Beijing Engineering Research Center of Functional Floriculture, Institute of Grassland, Flowers and Ecology, Beijing Academy of Agriculture and Forestry Sciences, Beijing 100097, China
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16
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Optimization of Isolation and Transformation of Protoplasts from Uncaria rhynchophylla and Its Application to Transient Gene Expression Analysis. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24043633. [PMID: 36835049 PMCID: PMC9962833 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24043633] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2022] [Revised: 02/02/2023] [Accepted: 02/10/2023] [Indexed: 02/16/2023] Open
Abstract
Protoplast-based engineering has become an important tool for basic plant molecular biology research and developing genome-edited crops. Uncaria rhynchophylla is a traditional Chinese medicinal plant with a variety of pharmaceutically important indole alkaloids. In this study, an optimized protocol for U. rhynchophylla protoplast isolation, purification, and transient gene expression was developed. The best protoplast separation protocol was found to be 0.8 M D-mannitol, 1.25% Cellulase R-10, and 0.6% Macerozyme R-10 enzymolysis for 5 h at 26 °C in the dark with constant oscillation at 40 rpm/min. The protoplast yield was as high as 1.5 × 107 protoplasts/g fresh weight, and the survival rate of protoplasts was greater than 90%. Furthermore, polyethylene glycol (PEG)-mediated transient transformation of U. rhynchophylla protoplasts was investigated by optimizing different crucial factors affecting transfection efficiency, including plasmid DNA amount, PEG concentration, and transfection duration. The U. rhynchophylla protoplast transfection rate was highest (71%) when protoplasts were transfected overnight at 24 °C with the 40 µg of plasmid DNA for 40 min in a solution containing 40% PEG. This highly efficient protoplast-based transient expression system was used for subcellular localization of transcription factor UrWRKY37. Finally, a dual-luciferase assay was used to detect a transcription factor promoter interaction by co-expressing UrWRKY37 with a UrTDC-promoter reporter plasmid. Taken together, our optimized protocols provide a foundation for future molecular studies of gene function and expression in U. rhynchophylla.
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17
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Lu Z, Yang Z, Tian Z, Gui Q, Dong R, Chen C. Genome-wide analysis and identification of microRNAs in Medicago truncatula under aluminum stress. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2023; 14:1137764. [PMID: 36778703 PMCID: PMC9911878 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2023.1137764] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2023] [Accepted: 01/09/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
Numerous studies have shown that plant microRNAs (miRNAs) play key roles in plant growth and development, as well as in response to biotic and abiotic stresses; however, the role of miRNA in legumes under aluminum (Al) stress have rarely been reported. Therefore, here, we aimed to investigate the role of miRNAs in and their mechanism of Al tolerance in legumes. To this end, we sequenced a 12-strand-specific library of Medicago truncatula under Al stress. A total of 195.80 M clean reads were obtained, and 876 miRNAs were identified, of which, 673 were known miRNAs and 203 were unknown. A total of 55 miRNAs and their corresponding 2,502 target genes were differentially expressed at various time points during Al stress. Further analysis revealed that mtr-miR156g-3p was the only miRNA that was significantly upregulated at all time points under Al stress and could directly regulate the expression of genes associated with root cell growth. Three miRNAs, novel_miR_135, novel_miR_182, and novel_miR_36, simultaneously regulated the expression of four Al-tolerant transcription factors, GRAS, MYB, WRKY, and bHLH, at an early stage of Al stress, indicating a response to Al stress. In addition, legume-specific miR2119 and miR5213 were involved in the tolerance mechanism to Al stress by regulating F-box proteins that have protective effects against stress. Our results contribute to an improved understanding of the role of miRNAs in Al stress in legumes and provide a basis for studying the molecular mechanisms of Al stress regulation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhongjie Lu
- Department of Grassland Science, College of Animal Science, Guizhou University, Guiyang, China
| | - Zhengyu Yang
- Department of Vehicle Engineering, Guizhou Technological College of Machinery and Electricity, Duyun, China
| | - Zheng Tian
- Department of Grassland Science, College of Animal Science, Guizhou University, Guiyang, China
| | - Qihui Gui
- Department of Grassland Science, College of Animal Science, Guizhou University, Guiyang, China
| | - Rui Dong
- Department of Grassland Science, College of Animal Science, Guizhou University, Guiyang, China
| | - Chao Chen
- Department of Grassland Science, College of Animal Science, Guizhou University, Guiyang, China
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Mu D, Chen W, Shao Y, Wilson IW, Zhao H, Luo Z, Lin X, He J, Zhang Y, Mo C, Qiu D, Tang Q. Genome-Wide Identification and Expression Analysis of WRKY Transcription Factors in Siraitia siamensis. PLANTS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2023; 12:288. [PMID: 36679001 PMCID: PMC9861706 DOI: 10.3390/plants12020288] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2022] [Revised: 01/03/2023] [Accepted: 01/04/2023] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
WRKY transcription factors, as the largest gene family in higher plants, play an important role in various biological processes including growth and development, regulation of secondary metabolites, and stress response. In this study, we performed genome-wide identification and analysis of WRKY transcription factors in S. siamensis. A total of 59 SsWRKY genes were identified that were distributed on all 14 chromosomes, and these were classified into three major groups based on phylogenetic relationships. Each of these groups had similar conserved motifs and gene structures. We compared all the S. siamensis SsWRKY genes with WRKY genes identified from three diverse plant species, and the results implied that segmental duplication and tandem duplication play an important roles in the evolution processes of the WRKY gene family. Promoter region analysis revealed that SsWRKY genes included many cis-acting elements related to plant growth and development, phytohormone response, and both abiotic and biotic stress. Expression profiles originating from the transcriptome database showed expression patterns of these SsWRKY genes in four different tissues and revealed that most genes are expressed in plant roots. Fifteen SsWRKY genes with low-temperature response motifs were surveyed for their gene expression under cold stress, showing that most genes displayed continuous up-regulation during cold treatment. Our study provides a foundation for further study on the function and regulatory mechanism of the SsWRKY gene family.
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Affiliation(s)
- Detian Mu
- College of Horticulture, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha 410128, China
| | - Wenqiang Chen
- College of Horticulture, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha 410128, China
| | - Yingying Shao
- College of Horticulture, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha 410128, China
| | - Iain W. Wilson
- CSIRO Agriculture and Food, Canberra, ACT 2601, Australia
| | - Huan Zhao
- School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100069, China
| | - Zuliang Luo
- Institute of Medicinal Plant Development, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Xiaodong Lin
- College of Horticulture, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha 410128, China
| | - Jialong He
- College of Horticulture, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha 410128, China
| | - Yuan Zhang
- College of Horticulture, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha 410128, China
| | - Changming Mo
- Guangxi Crop Genetic Improvement and Biotechnology Laboaratory, Guangxi Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Nanning 530007, China
| | - Deyou Qiu
- State Key Laboratory of Tree Genetics and Breeding, Research Institute of Forestry, Chinese Academy of Forestry, Beijing 100091, China
| | - Qi Tang
- College of Horticulture, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha 410128, China
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Hao X, Wang C, Zhou W, Ruan Q, Xie C, Yang Y, Xiao C, Cai Y, Wang J, Wang Y, Zhang X, Maoz I, Kai G. OpNAC1 transcription factor regulates the biosynthesis of the anticancer drug camptothecin by targeting loganic acid O-methyltransferase in Ophiorrhiza pumila. JOURNAL OF INTEGRATIVE PLANT BIOLOGY 2023; 65:133-149. [PMID: 36194508 DOI: 10.1111/jipb.13377] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2022] [Accepted: 09/30/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Camptothecin (CPT) is an anticancer pentacyclic quinoline alkaloid widely used to treat cancer patients worldwide. However, the biosynthetic pathway and transcriptional regulation of camptothecin are largely unknown. Ophiorrhiza pumila, the herbaceous plant from the Rubiaceae family, has emerged as a model plant for studying camptothecin biosynthesis and regulation. In this study, a high-quality reference genome of O. pumila with estimated size of ~456.90 Mb was reported, and the accumulation level of camptothecin in roots was higher than that in stems and leaves. Based on its spatial distribution in the plant, we examined gene functions and expression by combining genomics with transcriptomic analysis. Two loganic acid O-methyltransferase (OpLAMTs) were identified in strictosidine-producing plant O. pumila, and enzyme catalysis assays showed that OpLAMT1 and not OpLAMT2 could convert loganic acid into loganin. Further knock-out of OpLAMT1 expression led to the elimination of loganin and camptothecin accumulation in O. pumila hairy roots. Four key residues were identified in OpLAMT1 protein crucial for the catalytic activity of loganic acid to loganin. By co-expression network, we identified a NAC transcription factor, OpNAC1, as a candidate gene for regulating camptothecin biosynthesis. Transgenic hairy roots and biochemical assays demonstrated that OpNAC1 suppressed OpLAMT1 expression. Here, we reported on two camptothecin metabolic engineering strategies paving the road for industrial-scale production of camptothecin in CPT-producing plants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaolong Hao
- Laboratory of Medicinal Plant Biotechnology, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Academy of Chinese Medical Science, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, 310053, China
| | - Can Wang
- Laboratory of Medicinal Plant Biotechnology, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Academy of Chinese Medical Science, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, 310053, China
| | - Wei Zhou
- Laboratory of Medicinal Plant Biotechnology, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Academy of Chinese Medical Science, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, 310053, China
| | - Qingyan Ruan
- Laboratory of Medicinal Plant Biotechnology, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Academy of Chinese Medical Science, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, 310053, China
| | - Chenhong Xie
- Laboratory of Medicinal Plant Biotechnology, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Academy of Chinese Medical Science, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, 310053, China
| | - Yinkai Yang
- Laboratory of Medicinal Plant Biotechnology, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Academy of Chinese Medical Science, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, 310053, China
| | - Chengyu Xiao
- Laboratory of Medicinal Plant Biotechnology, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Academy of Chinese Medical Science, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, 310053, China
| | - Yan Cai
- Laboratory of Medicinal Plant Biotechnology, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Academy of Chinese Medical Science, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, 310053, China
| | - Jingyi Wang
- Laboratory of Medicinal Plant Biotechnology, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Academy of Chinese Medical Science, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, 310053, China
| | - Yao Wang
- Laboratory of Medicinal Plant Biotechnology, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Academy of Chinese Medical Science, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, 310053, China
| | - Xuebin Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Adaptation and Improvement, Henan Joint International Laboratory for Crop Multi-Omics Research, School of Life Sciences, Henan University, Kaifeng, 475001, China
| | - Itay Maoz
- Department of Postharvest Science, ARO, The Volcani Center, HaMaccabim Rd 68, POB 15159, Rishon LeZion, 7528809, Israel
| | - Guoyin Kai
- Laboratory of Medicinal Plant Biotechnology, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Academy of Chinese Medical Science, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, 310053, China
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20
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Yang L, Yang Y, Huang L, Cui X, Liu Y. From single- to multi-omics: future research trends in medicinal plants. Brief Bioinform 2022; 24:6840072. [PMID: 36416120 PMCID: PMC9851310 DOI: 10.1093/bib/bbac485] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/15/2022] [Revised: 10/13/2022] [Accepted: 10/14/2022] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Medicinal plants are the main source of natural metabolites with specialised pharmacological activities and have been widely examined by plant researchers. Numerous omics studies of medicinal plants have been performed to identify molecular markers of species and functional genes controlling key biological traits, as well as to understand biosynthetic pathways of bioactive metabolites and the regulatory mechanisms of environmental responses. Omics technologies have been widely applied to medicinal plants, including as taxonomics, transcriptomics, metabolomics, proteomics, genomics, pangenomics, epigenomics and mutagenomics. However, because of the complex biological regulation network, single omics usually fail to explain the specific biological phenomena. In recent years, reports of integrated multi-omics studies of medicinal plants have increased. Until now, there have few assessments of recent developments and upcoming trends in omics studies of medicinal plants. We highlight recent developments in omics research of medicinal plants, summarise the typical bioinformatics resources available for analysing omics datasets, and discuss related future directions and challenges. This information facilitates further studies of medicinal plants, refinement of current approaches and leads to new ideas.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lifang Yang
- Kunming University of Science and Technology, China
| | - Ye Yang
- Kunming University of Science and Technology, China
| | - Luqi Huang
- the academician of the Chinese Academy of Engineering, studies the development of traditional Chinese medicine, Chinese Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, China
| | - Xiuming Cui
- Corresponding authors. X. M. Cui, Yunnan Provincial Key Laboratory of Panax notoginseng, Faculty of Life Science and Technology, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming, Yunnan 650500, China. E-mail: ; Y. Liu, Yunnan Provincial Key Laboratory of Panax notoginseng, Faculty of Life Science and Technology, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming, Yunnan 650500, China. E-mail:
| | - Yuan Liu
- Corresponding authors. X. M. Cui, Yunnan Provincial Key Laboratory of Panax notoginseng, Faculty of Life Science and Technology, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming, Yunnan 650500, China. E-mail: ; Y. Liu, Yunnan Provincial Key Laboratory of Panax notoginseng, Faculty of Life Science and Technology, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming, Yunnan 650500, China. E-mail:
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21
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Godbole RC, Pable AA, Singh S, Barvkar VT. Interplay of transcription factors orchestrating the biosynthesis of plant alkaloids. 3 Biotech 2022; 12:250. [PMID: 36051988 PMCID: PMC9424429 DOI: 10.1007/s13205-022-03316-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2022] [Accepted: 08/16/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Plants produce a range of secondary metabolites primarily as defence molecules. A plant has to invest considerable energy to synthesise alkaloids, and sometimes they are even toxic to themselves. Hence, the biosynthesis of alkaloids is a spatiotemporally regulated process under quantitative feedback regulation which is accomplished by the signal reception, transcriptional/translational regulation, transport, storage and accumulation. The transcription factors (TFs) initiate the biosynthesis of alkaloids after appropriate cues. The present study recapitulates last decade understanding of the role of TFs in alkaloid biosynthesis. The present review discusses TF families, viz. AP2/ERF, bHLH, WRKY, MYB involved in the biosynthesis of various types of alkaloids. It also highlights the role of the jasmonic acid cascade and post-translational modifications of TF proteins. A thorough understanding of TFs will help us to decide a strategy to facilitate successful pathway manipulation and in vitro production.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rucha C. Godbole
- Department of Botany, Savitribai Phule Pune University, Pune, 411007 India
| | - Anupama A. Pable
- Department of Microbiology, Savitribai Phule Pune University, Pune, 411007 India
| | - Sudhir Singh
- Nuclear Agriculture and Biotechnology Division, Bhabha Atomic Research Centre (BARC), Mumbai, 400085 India
- Homi Bhabha National Institute, Anushaktinagar, Mumbai, 400094 India
| | - Vitthal T. Barvkar
- Department of Botany, Savitribai Phule Pune University, Pune, 411007 India
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