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Zhang Y, Xie J, Ouyang Y, Li S, Sun Y, Tan W, Ren L, Zhou X. Adverse outcome pathways of PBDEs inducing male reproductive toxicity. ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH 2024; 240:117598. [PMID: 37939807 DOI: 10.1016/j.envres.2023.117598] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2023] [Revised: 10/20/2023] [Accepted: 11/03/2023] [Indexed: 11/10/2023]
Abstract
Polybrominated diphenyl ethers (PBDEs) are widely used brominated flame retardants, they are easily released into environment and causing adverse effects to the ecosystem and human health. This review aims to summarize the research status of PBDEs-induced male reproductive toxicity and its mechanisms at various levels such as molecular/cellular, tissue/organ and individual/population. The Adverse Outcome Pathways (AOPs) diagram showed that PBDEs-induced reactive oxygen species (ROS) production, disruptions of estrogen receptor-α (ERα) and antagonism of androgen receptor (AR) were defined as critical molecular initiating events (MIEs). They caused key events (KEs) at the molecular and cellular levels, including oxidative stress, increased DNA damage, damaging mitochondria, increased glycolipid levels and apoptosis, depletion of ectoplasmic specialization and decreased Leydig cells numbers. These in turn lead to followed KEs at the tissue or organ levels, such as the impaired spermatogenesis, impaired blood-testis barrier and reduced testosterone synthesis and function. As a result, reproductive system-related adverse outcomes (AOs) were reported, such as the decreased sperm quantity or quality, shorten male anogenital distance and cryptorchidism in individual and reduced reproduction of the population. This review assembled information on the mechanisms of male reproductive toxicity induced by PBDEs, and constructed a causal mechanism relationship diagram from different levels using the an AOP framework to provide theoretical basis for ecological risk assessment and environmental management of PBDEs. The AOP framework makes it possible to develop risk management strategies based on toxicity mechanisms and support for development of Integrated Approach to Testing and Assessment (IATA) which are available for regulatory purposes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yue Zhang
- Department of Toxicology and Hygienic Chemistry, School of Public Health, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100069, China; Beijing Key Laboratory of Environmental Toxicology, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100069, China
| | - Junhong Xie
- Department of Toxicology and Hygienic Chemistry, School of Public Health, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100069, China; Beijing Key Laboratory of Environmental Toxicology, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100069, China
| | - Yixin Ouyang
- Department of Toxicology and Hygienic Chemistry, School of Public Health, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100069, China; Beijing Key Laboratory of Environmental Toxicology, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100069, China
| | - Shuang Li
- Department of Toxicology and Hygienic Chemistry, School of Public Health, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100069, China; Beijing Key Laboratory of Environmental Toxicology, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100069, China
| | - Yulin Sun
- Department of Toxicology and Hygienic Chemistry, School of Public Health, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100069, China; Beijing Key Laboratory of Environmental Toxicology, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100069, China
| | - Weilun Tan
- Department of Toxicology and Hygienic Chemistry, School of Public Health, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100069, China; Beijing Key Laboratory of Environmental Toxicology, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100069, China
| | - Lihua Ren
- School of Nursing, Peking University, Beijing, 100191, China
| | - Xianqing Zhou
- Department of Toxicology and Hygienic Chemistry, School of Public Health, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100069, China; Beijing Key Laboratory of Environmental Toxicology, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100069, China.
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Schrenk D, Bignami M, Bodin L, Chipman JK, del Mazo J, Grasl‐Kraupp B, Hogstrand C, (Ron) Hoogenboom L, Leblanc J, Nebbia CS, Nielsen E, Ntzani E, Petersen A, Sand S, Schwerdtle T, Wallace H, Benford D, Fürst P, Hart A, Rose M, Schroeder H, Vrijheid M, Ioannidou S, Nikolič M, Bordajandi LR, Vleminckx C. Update of the risk assessment of polybrominated diphenyl ethers (PBDEs) in food. EFSA J 2024; 22:e8497. [PMID: 38269035 PMCID: PMC10807361 DOI: 10.2903/j.efsa.2024.8497] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/26/2024] Open
Abstract
The European Commission asked EFSA to update its 2011 risk assessment on polybrominated diphenyl ethers (PBDEs) in food, focusing on 10 congeners: BDE-28, -47, -49, -99, -100, -138, -153, -154, -183 and ‑209. The CONTAM Panel concluded that the neurodevelopmental effects on behaviour and reproductive/developmental effects are the critical effects in rodent studies. For four congeners (BDE-47, -99, -153, -209) the Panel derived Reference Points, i.e. benchmark doses and corresponding lower 95% confidence limits (BMDLs), for endpoint-specific benchmark responses. Since repeated exposure to PBDEs results in accumulation of these chemicals in the body, the Panel estimated the body burden at the BMDL in rodents, and the chronic intake that would lead to the same body burden in humans. For the remaining six congeners no studies were available to identify Reference Points. The Panel concluded that there is scientific basis for inclusion of all 10 congeners in a common assessment group and performed a combined risk assessment. The Panel concluded that the combined margin of exposure (MOET) approach was the most appropriate risk metric and applied a tiered approach to the risk characterisation. Over 84,000 analytical results for the 10 congeners in food were used to estimate the exposure across dietary surveys and age groups of the European population. The most important contributors to the chronic dietary Lower Bound exposure to PBDEs were meat and meat products and fish and seafood. Taking into account the uncertainties affecting the assessment, the Panel concluded that it is likely that current dietary exposure to PBDEs in the European population raises a health concern.
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Mechanisms of Male Reproductive Toxicity of Polybrominated Diphenyl Ethers. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms232214229. [PMID: 36430706 PMCID: PMC9693139 DOI: 10.3390/ijms232214229] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/15/2022] [Revised: 11/08/2022] [Accepted: 11/15/2022] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Polybrominated diphenyl ethers (PBDE) are a group of flame retardants used in a variety of artificial materials. Despite being phased out in most industrial countries, they remain in the environment and human tissues due to their persistence, lipophilicity, and bioaccumulation. Populational and experimental studies demonstrate the male reproductive toxicity of PBDEs including increased incidence of genital malformations (hypospadias and cryptorchidism), altered weight of testes and other reproductive tissues, altered testes histology and transcriptome, decreased sperm production and sperm quality, altered epigenetic regulation of developmental genes in spermatozoa, and altered secretion of reproductive hormones. A broad range of mechanistic hypotheses of PBDE reproductive toxicity has been suggested. Among these hypotheses, oxidative stress, the disruption of estrogenic signaling, and mitochondria disruption are affected by PBDE concentrations much higher than concentrations found in human tissues, making them unlikely links between exposures and adverse reproductive outcomes in the general population. Robust evidence suggests that at environmentally relevant doses, PBDEs and their metabolites may affect male reproductive health via mechanisms including AR antagonism and the disruption of a complex network of metabolic signaling.
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Dungar BM, Schupbach CD, Jacobson JR, Kopf PG. Adrenal Corticosteroid Perturbation by the Endocrine Disruptor BDE-47 in a Human Adrenocortical Cell Line and Male Rats. Endocrinology 2021; 162:6346795. [PMID: 34370853 PMCID: PMC8402933 DOI: 10.1210/endocr/bqab160] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/07/2021] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Abstract
Polybrominated diphenyl ethers (PBDEs) have been previously shown to alter various endocrine biosynthetic pathways. Growing epidemiological evidence suggests that PBDEs alter cardiovascular function. The goal of this study was to examine the effects of BDE-47 on adrenal corticosteroid pathways that play vital roles in cardiovascular homeostasis and pathophysiology. The effect of BDE-47 on aldosterone and cortisol secretion was characterized in a human adrenocortical cell line. HAC15 cells were exposed to various concentrations of BDE-47 (1 nM to 100 μM). Cell viability, corticosteroid secretion, gene expression of enzymes involved in corticosteroid synthesis, and metabolic activity was examined. Additionally, Sprague Dawley male rats were orally exposed to BDE-47 (10 or 100 µg/kg), 5 days per week for 16 weeks. Organ weights and plasma corticosteroid levels were measured. In HAC15 cells, basal and stimulated aldosterone and cortisol secretion was significantly increased by BDE-47. Gene expression of several enzymes involved in corticosteroid synthesis and mitochondrial metabolism also increased. In Sprague Dawley rats, adrenal but not heart, kidney, or liver weights, were significantly increased in BDE-47 treatment groups. Plasma corticosterone levels were significantly increased in the 100 µg BDE-47/kg treatment group. No change in plasma aldosterone levels were observed with BDE-47 exposure. These data indicate that BDE-47 disrupts the regulation of corticosteroid secretion and provides further evidence that PBDEs are potential endocrine disruptors. Future studies will determine the underlying molecular mechanism of altered corticosteroid production and examine whether these alterations result in underlying cardiovascular disease in our rodent model of 16-week BDE-47 exposure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Benjamin M Dungar
- Department of Pharmacology, College of Graduate Studies, Midwestern University, Downers Grove, IL 60515, USA
| | - Chad D Schupbach
- Department of Pharmacology, College of Graduate Studies, Midwestern University, Downers Grove, IL 60515, USA
| | - Jessie R Jacobson
- Chicago College of Osteopathic Medicine, Midwestern University, Downers Grove, IL 60515, USA
| | - Phillip G Kopf
- Department of Pharmacology, College of Graduate Studies, Midwestern University, Downers Grove, IL 60515, USA
- Correspondence: Phillip G. Kopf, PhD, Department of Pharmacology, Midwestern University, 555 31st Street, Downers Grove, IL 60515, USA.
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Low dose of fire retardant, 2,2',4,4'-tetrabromodiphenyl ether (BDE47), stimulates the proliferation and differentiation of progenitor Leydig cells of male rats during prepuberty. Toxicol Lett 2021; 342:6-19. [PMID: 33581290 DOI: 10.1016/j.toxlet.2021.02.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/31/2020] [Revised: 01/31/2021] [Accepted: 02/08/2021] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
Abstract
2,2',4,4'-Tetrabromodiphenyl ether (BDE47), a flame retardant, is extensively distributed in the food chain. However, whether BDE47 affects Leydig cell development during prepuberty remains unclear. BDE47 was daily gavaged to 21-day-old Sprague-Dawley male rats with 0 (corn oil), 0.1, 0.2, and 0.4 mg/kg for 14 days. BDE47 did not affect the body weight or testis weight of rats. It significantly increased serum testosterone level at 0.4 mg/kg, but decreased luteinizing hormone (LH) level without affecting estradiol level. BDE47 induced Leydig cell hyperplasia (the number of CYP11A1-positive Leydig cells increased), and up-regulated the expression of Scarb1, Star, Hsd11b1, Pcna, and Ccnd1 in the testis. BDE47 significantly reduced p53 and p21 levels but increased CCND1 level. It also markedly increased the phosphorylation of AKT1, AKT2, ERK1/2, and CREB. BDE47 significantly up-regulated the expression of Scarb1, Star, and Hsd11b1 and stimulated androgen production by immature Leydig cells from rats under basal, LH, and 8Br-cAMP stimulated conditions at 100 nM in vitro. In conclusion, BDE47 increased Leydig cell number and up-regulated the expression of Scarb1 and Star, thereby leading to increased testosterone synthesis.
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Wang KL, Hsia SM, Wang PS, Lin PH. Disturbed Gastrointestinal Contractility in a Polycystic Ovary Syndrome Rat Model. Dig Dis Sci 2020; 65:2834-2843. [PMID: 31897897 DOI: 10.1007/s10620-019-06001-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/12/2019] [Accepted: 12/05/2019] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS), a common hormonal disorder in women, affects 4-18% of women of reproductive age worldwide. A higher prevalence of irritable bowel syndrome was found in women with PCOS. However, the effects and mechanism of PCOS on stomach and colon contractility remain unclear. AIMS This study aims to evaluate the correlation between PCOS and gastrointestinal disorder. METHODS Four-week-old female rats were subcutaneously implanted with pellets containing 7.5 mg of dihydrotestosterone for 13 weeks to create PCOS rat models. After vaginal smears, the estrus cycle stage was evaluated. Oral glucose tolerance test was performed after 90 days of treatment. All animals were killed at 17 weeks. The rats were fasted overnight and then anesthetized before decapitation, and the stomach fundus and colon were surgically removed and cultured in oxygenated Krebs solution. Acetylcholine and carbachol were used to evaluate the cholinergic system on contractility. RESULTS The basal and stomach fundus responded with a reduced frequency and contractility in response to acetylcholine in the PCOS group. Moreover, no difference was found in the spontaneous stomach contractility induced by carbachol in both groups. Lower maximal colon muscle contractility was also found in response to acetylcholine stimulation in PCOS rats. Furthermore, lower maximal muscle contractility was found in response to extracellular calcium levels. MLC20 phosphorylation was also reduced in the gastrointestinal tissue in PCOS rats. CONCLUSIONS PCOS induces gastroparesis and reduces gastrointestinal muscle contractility. This effect is, at least partly, through reducing the responsiveness of acetylcholine and MLC20 phosphorylation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kai-Lee Wang
- Department of Nursing, Ching Kuo Institute of Management and Health, No. 336, Fuxsin Rd., Zhongshan Dist., Keelung City, 20301, Taiwan, Republic of China.
- Department of Physiology, School of Medicine, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei, Taiwan, Republic of China.
| | - Shih-Min Hsia
- School of Nutrition and Health Sciences, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, 11031, Taiwan, Republic of China
| | - Paulus S Wang
- Department of Physiology, School of Medicine, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei, Taiwan, Republic of China
- Department of Medical Research and Education, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan, Republic of China
- PhD Program of Aging, College of Medicine, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan, Republic of China
- Department of Biotechnology, Asia University, Taichung, Taiwan, Republic of China
| | - Po-Han Lin
- School of Nutrition and Health Sciences, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, 11031, Taiwan, Republic of China
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Lin PH, Kuo TH, Chen CC, Jian CY, Chen CW, Wang KL, Kuo YC, Shen HY, Hsia SM, Wang PS, Lieu FK, Wang SW. Downregulation of testosterone production through luteinizing hormone receptor regulation in male rats exposed to 17α-ethynylestradiol. Sci Rep 2020; 10:1576. [PMID: 32005928 PMCID: PMC6994641 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-020-58125-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/15/2019] [Accepted: 01/03/2020] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
The pharmaceutical 17α-ethynylestradiol (EE2) is considered as an endocrine-disrupting chemical that interferes with male reproduction and hormonal activation. In this study, we investigated the molecular mechanism underlying EE2-regulatory testosterone release in vitro and in vivo. The results show that EE2 treatment decreased testosterone release from rat Leydig cells. Treatment of rats with EE2 reduced plasma testosterone levels and decreased the sensitivity of human chorionic gonadotropin (hCG). EE2 reduced luteinizing hormone receptor (LHR) expression associated with decreased cAMP generation by downregulation of adenylyl cyclase activity and decreased intracellular calcium-mediated pathways. The expression levels of StAR and P450scc were decreased in Leydig cells by treatment of rats with EE2 for 7 days. The sperm motility in the vas deferens and epididymis was reduced, but the histopathological features of the testis and the total sperm number of the vas deferens were not affected. Moreover, the serum dihydrotestosterone (DHT) level was decreased by treatment with EE2. The prostate gland and seminal vesicle atrophied significantly, and their expression level of 5α-reductase type II was reduced after EE2 exposure. Taken together, these results demonstrate an underlying mechanism of EE2 to downregulate testosterone production in Leydig cells, explaining the damaging effects of EE2 on male reproduction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Po-Han Lin
- Institute and Department of Physiology, School of Medicine, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei, 11221, Taiwan
- School of Nutrition and Health Sciences, College of Nutrition, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, 11031, Taiwan
- Institute of Clinical Medicine, School of Medicine, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei, 11221, Taiwan
| | - Tsung-Hsien Kuo
- Institute and Department of Physiology, School of Medicine, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei, 11221, Taiwan
| | - Chih-Chieh Chen
- Institute and Department of Physiology, School of Medicine, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei, 11221, Taiwan
- Department of Nutrition, China Medical University, Taichung, 40402, Taiwan
| | - Cai-Yun Jian
- Institute and Department of Physiology, School of Medicine, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei, 11221, Taiwan
| | - Chien-Wei Chen
- Institute and Department of Physiology, School of Medicine, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei, 11221, Taiwan
- College of Human Development and Health, National Taipei University of Nursing and Health Sciences, Taipei, 11219, Taiwan
| | - Kai-Lee Wang
- Institute and Department of Physiology, School of Medicine, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei, 11221, Taiwan
- Department of Nursing, Ching Kuo Institute of Management and Health, Keelung, 20301, Taiwan
| | - Yuh-Chen Kuo
- Department of Urology, Yangming Branch of Taipei City Hospital, Taipei, 11146, Taiwan
| | - Heng-Yi Shen
- Department of Rehabilitation, Cheng Hsin General Hospital, Taipei, 11212, Taiwan
| | - Shih-Min Hsia
- School of Nutrition and Health Sciences, College of Nutrition, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, 11031, Taiwan
- Graduate Institute of Metabolism and Obesity Sciences, College of Nutrition, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, 11031, Taiwan
| | - Paulus S Wang
- Institute and Department of Physiology, School of Medicine, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei, 11221, Taiwan.
- Medical Center of Aging Research, China Medical University Hospital, Taichung, 40402, Taiwan.
- Department of Biotechnology, College of Health Science, Asia University, Taichung, 41354, Taiwan.
- Department of Medical Research, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipei, 11217, Taiwan.
| | - Fu-Kong Lieu
- Department of Rehabilitation, Cheng Hsin General Hospital, Taipei, 11212, Taiwan.
- Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei, 11490, Taiwan.
| | - Shyi-Wu Wang
- Aesthetic Medical Center, Department of Dermatology, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Taoyuan, 33378, Taiwan.
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan, 33302, Taiwan.
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Shan A, Li M, Li X, Li Y, Yan M, Xian P, Chang Y, Chen X, Tang NJ. BDE-47 Decreases Progesterone Levels in BeWo Cells by Interfering with Mitochondrial Functions and Genes Related to Cholesterol Transport. Chem Res Toxicol 2019; 32:621-628. [PMID: 30714368 DOI: 10.1021/acs.chemrestox.8b00312] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
Abstract
Polybrominated diphenyl ethers (PBDEs) have been reported to exert reproductive endocrine toxicity, but the mechanisms for this process remain unclear. Currently available studies have concentrated on the enzymatic reactions during steroidogenesis, but the results are not consistent. In this study, we explored the effects of 2,2',4,4'-tertrabromodiphenyl ether (BDE-47) on progesterone biosynthesis and the potential mechanisms in human placental choriocarcinoma cells. The results showed that BDE-47 decreased progesterone production in a dose-dependent manner but had no effect on key enzymes (Cyp11a1 and 3β-HSD). BDE-47 exposure depolarized the mitochondrial membrane potential and downregulated adenosine triphosphate levels. The gene expression levels of Mfn2, Tspo, Atad3, Vdac1, Fis1, and Drp1, which are involved in mitochondrial dynamics and cholesterol transport, were disturbed. The demethylation of some CpG loci of mitochondrial biomarkers (Drp1, Opa1, Vdac2, and Atad3) was induced in the 1 μM BDE-47 exposure group, but no methylation change was observed with 50 μM treatment. Our findings unveiled that the reduction of progesterone synthesis induced by BDE-47 might be associated with cholesterol transportation, mitochondrial dynamics, and mitochondrial functions. These findings provide substantial data on the reproductive endocrine toxicity of PBDEs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anqi Shan
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, School of Public Health , Tianjin Medical University , Tianjin 300070 , China.,Tianjin Key Laboratory of Environment, Nutrition, and Public Health , Tianjin Medical University , Tianjin 300070 , China
| | - Mengxue Li
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, School of Public Health , Tianjin Medical University , Tianjin 300070 , China.,Tianjin Key Laboratory of Environment, Nutrition, and Public Health , Tianjin Medical University , Tianjin 300070 , China
| | - Xuejun Li
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, School of Public Health , Tianjin Medical University , Tianjin 300070 , China.,Tianjin Key Laboratory of Environment, Nutrition, and Public Health , Tianjin Medical University , Tianjin 300070 , China
| | - Yaoyan Li
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, School of Public Health , Tianjin Medical University , Tianjin 300070 , China.,Tianjin Key Laboratory of Environment, Nutrition, and Public Health , Tianjin Medical University , Tianjin 300070 , China
| | - Mengfan Yan
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, School of Public Health , Tianjin Medical University , Tianjin 300070 , China.,Tianjin Key Laboratory of Environment, Nutrition, and Public Health , Tianjin Medical University , Tianjin 300070 , China
| | - Ping Xian
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, School of Public Health , Tianjin Medical University , Tianjin 300070 , China.,Tianjin Key Laboratory of Environment, Nutrition, and Public Health , Tianjin Medical University , Tianjin 300070 , China
| | - Ying Chang
- Department of Prenatal Diagnoses , Tianjin Center Hospital of Obstetrics and Gynecology , Tianjin 300000 , China
| | - Xi Chen
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, School of Public Health , Tianjin Medical University , Tianjin 300070 , China.,Tianjin Key Laboratory of Environment, Nutrition, and Public Health , Tianjin Medical University , Tianjin 300070 , China
| | - Nai-Jun Tang
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, School of Public Health , Tianjin Medical University , Tianjin 300070 , China.,Tianjin Key Laboratory of Environment, Nutrition, and Public Health , Tianjin Medical University , Tianjin 300070 , China
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9
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Chen CC, Chen CW, Lin PH, Chou JC, Weng TC, Jian CY, Hu S, Lai WH, Lieu FK, Wang SW, Wang PS. Interactive Effect of Corticosterone and Lactate on Regulation of Testosterone Production in Rat Leydig Cells. J Cell Physiol 2017; 232:2135-2144. [PMID: 27886378 DOI: 10.1002/jcp.25700] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2016] [Accepted: 11/21/2016] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
The increasing intensity of exercise enhanced corticosterone and lactate production in both humans and rodents. Our previous studies also demonstrated that lactate could stimulate testosterone production in vivo and in vitro. However, the production of testosterone in response to combined corticosterone and lactate on Leydig cells, and underlying molecular mechanisms are remained unclear. This study investigated the changes in testosterone levels of Leydig cells upon exposure to lactate, corticosterone or combination of both, and revealed the detailed mechanisms. Leydig cells were isolated from rat testes, and treated with different concentrations of lactate (2.5-20 mM), cortiosterone (10-9 -10-4 M) and lactate plus corticosterone. The production of testosterone were assayed by radioimmunoassay, and the key molecular proteins, including luteinizing hormone receptor (LHR), protein kinase A (PKA), steroidogenic acute regulatory protein (StAR), and cholesterol P450 side-chain cleavage enzyme (P450scc) involved in testosterone production were performed by Western blot. Results showed that testosterone levels were significantly increased with lactate, while decresed with corticosterone and lactate plus corticosterone treatment. Protein expressions of LHR and P450scc were upregulated with lactate treatment. However, PKA and P450scc were downregulated by lactate plus corticosterone treatment. This downregulation was followed by decreased testoterone levels in Leydig cells. Furthermore, acetylated cAMP, which activates testosterone production was increased with lactate, but not altered by conrtiosterone. Our findings conclude that corticosterone may interfere with lactate, and restrict lactate-stimulated testosterone production in Leydig cells. J. Cell. Physiol. 232: 2135-2144, 2017. © 2016 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chih-Chieh Chen
- Department of Physiology, School of Medicine, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei, Taiwan, Republic of China
| | - Chien-Wei Chen
- Department of Physiology, School of Medicine, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei, Taiwan, Republic of China
| | - Po-Han Lin
- Department of Physiology, School of Medicine, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei, Taiwan, Republic of China
| | - Jou-Chun Chou
- Medical Center of Aging Research, China Medical University Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan, Republic of China.,Department of Life Sciences, National Chung-Hsing University, Taichung, Taiwan, Republic of China
| | - Ting-Chun Weng
- Medical Center of Aging Research, China Medical University Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan, Republic of China
| | - Cai-Yun Jian
- Department of Physiology, School of Medicine, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei, Taiwan, Republic of China
| | - Sindy Hu
- Aesthetic Medical Center, Department of Dermatology, Chang-Gung Memorial Hospital, Taoyuan, Taiwan, Republic of China.,Department of Medicine, College of Medicine, Chang-Gung University, Taoyuan, Taiwan, Republic of China
| | - Wei-Ho Lai
- Department of Rehabilitation, Cheng-Hsin General Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan, Republic of China
| | - Fu-Kong Lieu
- Department of Rehabilitation, Cheng-Hsin General Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan, Republic of China
| | - Shyi-Wu Wang
- Department of Life Sciences, National Chung-Hsing University, Taichung, Taiwan, Republic of China.,Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, College of Medicine, Chang-Gung University, Taoyuan, Taiwan, Republic of China
| | - Paulus S Wang
- Department of Physiology, School of Medicine, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei, Taiwan, Republic of China.,Medical Center of Aging Research, China Medical University Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan, Republic of China.,Department of Biotechnology, College of Health Science, Asia University, Taichung, Taiwan, Republic of China.,Department of Medical Research, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan, Republic of China
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10
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Eskenazi B, Rauch SA, Tenerelli R, Huen K, Holland NT, Lustig RH, Kogut K, Bradman A, Sjödin A, Harley KG. In utero and childhood DDT, DDE, PBDE and PCBs exposure and sex hormones in adolescent boys: The CHAMACOS study. Int J Hyg Environ Health 2016; 220:364-372. [PMID: 27876543 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijheh.2016.11.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2016] [Revised: 10/30/2016] [Accepted: 11/02/2016] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
Dichlorodiphenyltrichloroethane (DDT), polybrominated diphenyl ether (PBDE) flame retardants, and polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) are believed to be endocrine-disrupting chemicals (EDCs) in humans and animals. The purpose of this study is to examine the relationship of in utero and childhood exposure to these purported EDCs and reproductive hormones in adolescent boys who participated in CHAMACOS, an ongoing birth cohort in California's Salinas Valley. We measured o,p'- and p,p'-DDT, p,p'-DDE, PBDEs and PCBs in serum collected from mothers during pregnancy or at delivery and from their sons at 9 years. We measured concentrations of follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH), luteinizing hormone (LH), and total testosterone (T) from 234 of their sons at 12 years. In adjusted models, we found that a 10-fold increase in maternal prenatal serum concentrations of BDE-153 was associated with a 22.2% increase (95% CI: 1.0, 47.9) in FSH, a 96.6% increase (95% CI: 35.7, 184.7) in LH, and a 92.4% increase (95% CI: 20.9, 206.2) increase in T. Similarly, BDE-100 concentrations were associated with increases in boys' LH levels. A 10-fold increase in total prenatal ΣPCBs was associated with a 64.5% increase (95% CI: 8.6, 149.0) in FSH, primarily driven by non- dioxin-like congeners. Boys' hormone levels were only marginally associated with prenatal DDT or DDE in primary models, but when boys' Tanner stage at age 12 was added to models, prenatal maternal DDT levels were associated with decreases in LH (adjusted percent change per 10-fold increase=-18.5%, 95% CI: -29.8, -5.4) and T (percent change=-18.2%, 95% CI: -30.2, -4.2) and DDE with LH (percent change=-18.3%, 95% CI: -32.9, -0.6). Exposures measured in the children's serum at 9 years also showed associations between BDE-153 and ΣPCBs. However, there is evidence that these associations appear to be mediated by child BMI. This study suggests associations on male hormones of 12year old boys related to exposure to certain EDC exposure prenatally. The implications on future reproductive function in puberty and adulthood should be determined.
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Affiliation(s)
- Brenda Eskenazi
- Center for Environmental Research and Children's Health (CERCH), School of Public Health, University of California, Berkeley, CA, USA.
| | - Stephen A Rauch
- Center for Environmental Research and Children's Health (CERCH), School of Public Health, University of California, Berkeley, CA, USA
| | - Rachel Tenerelli
- Center for Environmental Research and Children's Health (CERCH), School of Public Health, University of California, Berkeley, CA, USA
| | - Karen Huen
- Center for Environmental Research and Children's Health (CERCH), School of Public Health, University of California, Berkeley, CA, USA
| | - Nina T Holland
- Center for Environmental Research and Children's Health (CERCH), School of Public Health, University of California, Berkeley, CA, USA
| | - Robert H Lustig
- Department of Pediatrics, University of California, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Katherine Kogut
- Center for Environmental Research and Children's Health (CERCH), School of Public Health, University of California, Berkeley, CA, USA
| | - Asa Bradman
- Center for Environmental Research and Children's Health (CERCH), School of Public Health, University of California, Berkeley, CA, USA
| | - Andreas Sjödin
- Division of Laboratory Sciences, National Center for Environmental Health, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Kim G Harley
- Center for Environmental Research and Children's Health (CERCH), School of Public Health, University of California, Berkeley, CA, USA
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11
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Lin PH, Jian CY, Chou JC, Chen CW, Chen CC, Soong C, Hu S, Lieu FK, Wang PS, Wang SW. Induction of renal senescence marker protein-30 (SMP30) expression by testosterone and its contribution to urinary calcium absorption in male rats. Sci Rep 2016; 6:32085. [PMID: 27553527 PMCID: PMC4995462 DOI: 10.1038/srep32085] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/11/2015] [Accepted: 08/02/2016] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
The aim of this study was to investigate the involvement of androgen, mainly testosterone, in the expression of renal senescence marker protein-30 (SMP30) in male rats. We found that the renal SMP30 expression was up-regulated by endogenous testosterone stimulation during puberty. Interestingly, androgen-deficient orchidectomized (ORX) rats exhibited lower SMP30 mRNA and protein expression in the kidney, and that was restored by testosterone propionate (TP) replacement. Abrogation of androgen receptor (AR) activity by co-treatment with flutamide abolished testosterone-induced SMP30 expression in the kidney as well as in the NRK52E cells. However, SMP30 expression was unaltered in the liver of ORX rats. We also showed a positive correlation between renal SMP30 expression and plasma testosterone level during the aging process. TP-induced SMP30 expression in ovariectomized (OVX) rats was observed and was an evidence to explain the gender difference of SMP30 levels. Immunofluorescence assay showed that renal SMP30 was specifically expressed in the proximal tubular segments of the kidney. The urinary Ca(2+) level was increased in both ORX and male aging rats. Taken together, our results indicate a novel role of testosterone in regulating SMP30 expression specifically in the kidney to contribute to urinary calcium absorption.
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Affiliation(s)
- Po-Han Lin
- Institute and Department of Physiology, School of Medicine, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei 11221, Taiwan, Republic of China
| | - Cai-Yun Jian
- Institute and Department of Physiology, School of Medicine, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei 11221, Taiwan, Republic of China
| | - Jou-Chun Chou
- Medical Center of Aging Research, China Medical University Hospital, Taichung 40402, Taiwan, Republic of China
| | - Chien-Wei Chen
- Institute and Department of Physiology, School of Medicine, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei 11221, Taiwan, Republic of China
| | - Chih-Chieh Chen
- Institute and Department of Physiology, School of Medicine, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei 11221, Taiwan, Republic of China
| | - Christina Soong
- Department of Rehabilitation, Cheng Hsin General Hospital, Taipei 11212, Taiwan, Republic of China
| | - Sindy Hu
- Aesthetic Medical Center, Department of Dermatology, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Taoyuan 33378, Taiwan, Republic of China.,Department of Medicine, College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan 33302, Taiwan, Republic of China
| | - Fu-Kong Lieu
- Department of Rehabilitation, Cheng Hsin General Hospital, Taipei 11212, Taiwan, Republic of China
| | - Paulus S Wang
- Institute and Department of Physiology, School of Medicine, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei 11221, Taiwan, Republic of China.,Medical Center of Aging Research, China Medical University Hospital, Taichung 40402, Taiwan, Republic of China.,Department of Biotechnology, College of Health Science, Asia University, Taichung 41354, Taiwan, Republic of China.,Department of Medical Research and Education, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipei 11217, Taiwan, Republic of China
| | - Shyi-Wu Wang
- Aesthetic Medical Center, Department of Dermatology, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Taoyuan 33378, Taiwan, Republic of China.,Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan 33302, Taiwan, Republic of China
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12
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Chen CW, Jian CY, Lin PH, Chen CC, Lieu FK, Soong C, Hsieh CC, Wan CY, Idova G, Hu S, Wang SW, Wang PS. Role of testosterone in regulating induction of TNF-α in rat spleen via ERK signaling pathway. Steroids 2016; 111:148-154. [PMID: 26996389 DOI: 10.1016/j.steroids.2016.03.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/31/2015] [Revised: 03/09/2016] [Accepted: 03/11/2016] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Spleen is a pivotal organ for regulating immune homeostasis. It has been shown that testosterone diminishes secretion of various inflammatory molecules under multiple conditions. However, the mechanisms of action of endogenous testosterone affecting immune responses in the spleen remain unknown. The aim of the present study was to evaluate the immune functions of the spleen in response to testosterone withdrawal after orchidectomy, and the impact of splenocytes on the bacterial endotoxin lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced secretion of inflammatory molecules. Male rats were divided into 3 groups, i.e. intact, orchidectomized (Orch) and orchidectomized plus replacement of testosterone propionate (TP) (Orch+TP). The Orch and Orch+TP rats underwent bilateral orchidectomy one week before TP replacement (2mg/kg body weight) or sesame oil in intact rats as controls for seven days. Orch resulted in a significant increase of spleen weight and basal secretion of nitric oxide (NO) from splenocytes. Additionally, LPS up-regulated cell proliferation and the secretion of tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α) in splenocytes of Orch rats. Orch further up-regulated phosphorylation of extracellular signal-regulated kinases. Interestingly, the plasma corticosterone concentration in the Orch group was higher than that in the intact and Orch+TP groups. Deficiency of testosterone-elevated TNF-α and NO secretion in response to LPS were confirmed in the rat splenocytes. Testosterone also significantly attenuated LPS-elicited release of TNF-α and NO in a dose-dependent manner. However, testosterone did not suppress splenic blastogenesis at doses in the 10(-10)-10(-7)M concentration range. In this context, testosterone might have a protective role against inflammatory responses in the spleen. The present study provides evidence to indicate that testosterone might modulate the immune system.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chien-Wei Chen
- Department of Physiology, School of Medicine, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei 11221, Taiwan
| | - Cai-Yun Jian
- Department of Physiology, School of Medicine, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei 11221, Taiwan
| | - Po-Han Lin
- Department of Physiology, School of Medicine, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei 11221, Taiwan
| | - Chih-Chieh Chen
- Department of Physiology, School of Medicine, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei 11221, Taiwan
| | - Fu-Kong Lieu
- Department of Rehabilitation, Cheng Hsin General Hospital, Taipei 11280, Taiwan
| | - Christina Soong
- Department of Rehabilitation, Cheng Hsin General Hospital, Taipei 11280, Taiwan
| | - Chu-Chun Hsieh
- Department of Physiology, School of Medicine, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei 11221, Taiwan
| | - Chi-Yun Wan
- Department of Physiology, School of Medicine, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei 11221, Taiwan
| | - Galina Idova
- State Scientific Research Institute of Physiology and Basic Medicine, Timakova Street, 4, Novosibirsk 630117, Russia
| | - Sindy Hu
- Aesthetic Medical Center, Department of Dermatology, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Taoyuan 33305, Taiwan; Department of Medicine, College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan 33302, Taiwan
| | - Shyi-Wu Wang
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan 33302, Taiwan; Aesthetic Medical Center, Department of Dermatology, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Taoyuan 33305, Taiwan.
| | - Paulus S Wang
- Department of Physiology, School of Medicine, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei 11221, Taiwan; Medical Center of Aging Research, China Medical University Hospital, Taichung 40402, Taiwan; Department of Biotechnology, College of Health Science, Asia University, Taichung 41354, Taiwan; Department of Medical Research and Education, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipei 11217, Taiwan.
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13
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Wang KL, Huang WC, Chou JC, Weng TC, Hu S, Lieu FK, Lai WH, Idova G, Wang PS, Wang SW. Effects of acrolein on aldosterone release from zona glomerulosa cells in male rats. Steroids 2016; 111:89-94. [PMID: 26980145 DOI: 10.1016/j.steroids.2016.03.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/05/2016] [Revised: 03/09/2016] [Accepted: 03/11/2016] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
Abstract
A positive correlation between smoking and hypertension has been well established. Acrolein is a major toxic volatile compound found in cigarette smoke. Human exposure to low levels of acrolein is unavoidable due to its production in daily activities, such as smoke from industrial, hot oil cooking vapors, and exhaust fumes from vehicles. The toxicity and the action mechanism of acrolein to induce apoptosis have been extensively studied, but the effects of acrolein on hypertension are still unknown. The present study aimed to examine the effects of acrolein on aldosterone release both in vivo and in vitro. Male rats were divided into three groups, and intraperitoneally injected with normal saline, or acrolein (2mg/kg) for 1 (group A-1) or 3 (group A-3) days, respectively. After sacrificing, rat blood samples were obtained to measure plasma aldosterone and angiotensin II (Ang II) levels. Zona glomerulosa (ZG) cells were prepared from rat adrenal cortex, and were incubated with or without stimulants. We found that the serum aldosterone was increased by 1.2-fold (p<0.05) in A-3 group as compared to control group. Basal aldosterone release from ZG cells in A-3 group was also increased significantly. Moreover, acrolein enhanced the stimulatory effects of Ang II and 8-bromo-cyclic AMP on aldosterone secretion from ZG cells prepared in both A-1 and A-3 groups. Furthermore, the enzyme activity of P450scc, the rate-limiting step of aldosterone synthesis, was elevated after acrolein injection. Plasma level of Ang II was increased in both A-1 and A-3 groups. These results suggested that acrolein exposure increased aldosterone production, at least in part, through elevating the level of plasma Ang II and stimulating steroidogenesis pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kai-Lee Wang
- Department of Physiology, School of Medicine, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei 11221, Taiwan; School of Nursing, College of Nursing, National Taipei University of Nursing and Health Sciences, Taipei 11219, Taiwan
| | - Wen-Ching Huang
- Department of Physiology, School of Medicine, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei 11221, Taiwan
| | - Jou-Chun Chou
- Medical Center of Aging Research, China Medical University Hospital, Taichung 40402, Taiwan
| | - Ting-Chun Weng
- Medical Center of Aging Research, China Medical University Hospital, Taichung 40402, Taiwan
| | - Sindy Hu
- Aesthetic Medical Center, Department of Dermatology, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Taoyuan 33333, Taiwan; Department of Medicine, College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan 33333, Taiwan
| | - Fu-Kong Lieu
- Department of Rehabilitation, Cheng Hsin General Hospital, Taipei 11283, Taiwan
| | - Wei-Ho Lai
- Department of Rehabilitation, Cheng Hsin General Hospital, Taipei 11283, Taiwan
| | - Galina Idova
- State Scientific Research Institute of Physiology and Basic Medicine, Timacova Street, 4, Novosibirsk 630117, Russia
| | - Paulus S Wang
- Department of Physiology, School of Medicine, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei 11221, Taiwan; Medical Center of Aging Research, China Medical University Hospital, Taichung 40402, Taiwan; Department of Medical Research and Education, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipei 11217, Taiwan; Department of Biotechnology, Asia University, Taichung 41354, Taiwan.
| | - Shyi-Wu Wang
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, College of Medicine, Chang-Gung University, Taoyuan 33333, Taiwan; Aesthetic Medical Center, Department of Dermatology, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Taoyuan 33333, Taiwan.
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14
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Behavioral and thyroid effects of in utero and lactational exposure of Sprague–Dawley rats to the polybrominated diphenyl ether mixture DE71. Neurotoxicol Teratol 2015; 52:127-42. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ntt.2015.08.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2015] [Revised: 08/07/2015] [Accepted: 08/08/2015] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
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15
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Abstract
Shikonin, a natural naphthoquinone isolated from a traditional Chinese medicinal herb, can exert inhibitory effect on tumor cell growth. However, little has been known concerning the effect of shikonin on lung adenocarcinoma cell and underlying mechanisms. In the present study, we investigated the effect of shikonin on the proliferation, cell cycle arrest, and apoptosis in human lung adenocarcinoma cells. We found that shikonin significantly suppressed the proliferation of lung adenocarcinoma cells compared with control in dose- and time-dependent manner (P < 0.05). In the meantime, our results showed that shikonin markedly increased the proportion of A549 cells at stage G1 as well as induced apoptosis in A549 cells. Furthermore, suppressed CCND1 and elevated caspase3 and caspase7 expression levels at mRNA were found in this study, indicating that shikonin may inhibit the growth of lung adenocarcinoma cell by changing cell cycle and promoting cell apoptosis through the regulation of CCND1, caspase3, and caspase7. Although more studies are needed, this study suggests that shikonin has the potential to be used as an anti-cancer agent in the treatment of lung adenocarcinoma.
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Tse ACK, Lau KYT, Ge W, Wu RSS. A rapid screening test for endocrine disrupting chemicals using primary cell culture of the marine medaka. AQUATIC TOXICOLOGY (AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS) 2013; 144-145:50-58. [PMID: 24140634 DOI: 10.1016/j.aquatox.2013.09.022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/24/2013] [Revised: 09/16/2013] [Accepted: 09/22/2013] [Indexed: 06/02/2023]
Abstract
While endocrine disrupting chemicals (EDCs) pose a significant threat to wildlife worldwide, their diverse chemical structures present a major challenge to their detection, particularly since they are present at very low concentrations in the environment. We here report the development of an in vitro system for rapid screening of EDCs, using primary cell cultures (pituitary, ovarian follicular and testicular cells) of the marine medaka (Oryzias melastigma). Pituitary, testis and ovary cell cultures were developed and challenged by environmentally relevant concentrations of three well known EDCs (viz. estradiol, 2,2',4,4'-tetrabromodiphenyl ether, and 4-n-nonylphenol) as well as hypoxia (which has been shown to be a potent endocrine disruptor). In general, the mRNA expression levels of gonadotropins, their receptors and steroidogenic enzymes exhibited dose response relationships to the four endocrine disruptors in different tissues. The sensitivity and responses were also comparable to in vivo responses of whole fish and in vitro responses of the H295R human adrenocortical cell line. Our results suggest that the use of marine medaka primary cultured cells can serve as a cost effective tool for rapid screening of EDCs in the marine environment, and at the same time, sheds light on the underlying mechanisms of EDCs by deciphering their specific target sites along the hypothalamus-pituitary-gonad axis of vertebrates.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna C K Tse
- School of Biological Sciences, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong
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17
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Wang KL, Hsia SM, Yeh JY, Cheng SC, Wang PS, Wang SW. Anti-Proliferative Effects of Evodiamine on Human Breast Cancer Cells. PLoS One 2013; 8:e67297. [PMID: 23840656 PMCID: PMC3694052 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0067297] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2013] [Accepted: 05/17/2013] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Endocrine sensitivity, assessed by the expression of estrogen receptor (ER), has long been the predict factor to guide therapeutic decisions. Tamoxifen has been the most successful hormonal treatment in endocrine-sensitive breast cancer. However, in estrogen-insensitive cancer tamoxifen showed less effectiveness than in estrogen-sensitive cancer. It is interesting to develop new drugs against both hormone-sensitive and insensitive tumor. In this present study we examined anticancer effects of evodiamine extracted from the Chinese herb, Evodiae fructus, in estrogen-dependent and –independent human breast cancer cells, MCF-7 and MDA-MB-231 cells, respectively. Evodiamine inhibited the proliferation of MCF-7 and MDA-MB-231 cells in a concentration-dependent manner with concentration of 1×10−6 and 1×10−5 M. Evodiamine also induced apoptosis via up-regulation of caspase 7 activation, PARP cleavage (Bik and Bax expression). The expression of ER α and β in protein and mRNA levels was down-regulated by evodiamine according to data from immunoblotting and RT-PCR analysis. Overall, our results indicate that evodiamine mediates degradation of ER and induces caspase-dependent pathway leading to inhibit proliferation of breast cancer cell lines. It suggests that evodiamine may in part mediate through ER-inhibitory pathway to inhibit breast cancer cell proliferation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kai-Lee Wang
- Department of Physiology, School of Medicine, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei, Taiwan, Republic of China
- The Center of General Education, National Taipei University of Nursing and Health Sciences, Taipei, Taiwan, Republic of China
| | - Shih-Min Hsia
- School of Nutrition and Health Sciences, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan, Republic of China
| | - Jiun-Yih Yeh
- Division of Quality Assurance, Mithra Biotechnology Inc., Taipei, Taiwan, Republic of China
| | - Shao-Chi Cheng
- Department of Physiology, School of Medicine, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei, Taiwan, Republic of China
| | - Paulus S. Wang
- Department of Physiology, School of Medicine, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei, Taiwan, Republic of China
- Department of Medical Research and Education, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan, Republic of China
- Ph. D. Program of Aging, College of Medicine, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan, Republic of China
- Department of Biotechnology, Asia University, Taichung, Taiwan, Republic of China
- * E-mail: (PSW); (SWW)
| | - Shyi-Wu Wang
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, College of Medicine, Chang-Gung University, Taoyuan, Taiwan, Republic of China
- * E-mail: (PSW); (SWW)
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18
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Hair as a biomarker of polybrominated diethyl ethers’ exposure in infants, children and adults. Toxicol Lett 2012; 210:198-202. [DOI: 10.1016/j.toxlet.2011.12.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/09/2011] [Revised: 12/12/2011] [Accepted: 12/19/2011] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
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