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Lv R, Huang Y, Huang S, Wu S, Wang S, Hu G, Ma Y, Song P, Chavarro JE, Subramanian S, Lu C, Li Z, Yuan C. Associations between parental adherence to healthy lifestyles and cognitive performance in offspring: A prospective cohort study in China. Chin Med J (Engl) 2024; 137:683-693. [PMID: 37898876 PMCID: PMC10950188 DOI: 10.1097/cm9.0000000000002861] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/18/2023] [Indexed: 10/30/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Previous studies have reported associations of specific maternal and paternal lifestyle factors with offspring's cognitive development during early childhood. This study aimed to investigate the prospective associations between overall parental lifestyle and offspring's cognitive performance during adolescence and young adulthood in China. METHODS We included 2531 adolescents aged 10-15 years at baseline in 2010 from the China Family Panel Studies. A healthy parental lifestyle score (ranged 0-5) was constructed based on the following five modifiable lifestyle factors: Smoking, drinking, exercise, sleep, and diet. Generalized estimating equation models were used to examine the association between baseline parental healthy lifestyle scores and offspring's fluid and crystallized intelligence in subsequent years (2012, 2014, 2016, and 2018). RESULTS Offspring in the top tertile of parental healthy lifestyle scores performed better in overall fluid intelligence (multivariable-adjusted β = 0.53, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.29-0.77) and overall crystallized intelligence (multivariable-adjusted β = 0.35, 95% CI: 0.16-0.54) than those in the bottom tertile of parental healthy lifestyle scores. The results were similar after further adjustment for the offspring's healthy lifestyle scores and persisted across the subgroups of parental socioeconomic status. Additionally, maternal and paternal healthy lifestyle scores were independently associated with better offspring's cognitive performance, with significant contribution observed for paternal never-smoking, weekly exercise, and diversified diet. When both parents and offspring adhered to a healthier lifestyle, we observed the highest level of the offspring's overall crystallized intelligence. CONCLUSIONS Our study indicates that parental adherence to a healthier lifestyle is associated with significantly better offspring's cognitive performance during adolescence and early adulthood, regardless of socioeconomic status. These findings highlight the potential cognitive benefits of promoting healthy lifestyles among parents of adolescents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rongxia Lv
- School of Public Health, the Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310058, China
| | - Yuhui Huang
- School of Public Health, the Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310058, China
| | - Siyi Huang
- School of Public Health, the Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310058, China
| | - Shiyi Wu
- School of Public Health, the Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310058, China
| | - Siwen Wang
- Department of Nutrition, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Guangyu Hu
- Institute of Medical Information/Center for Health Policy and Management, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100730, China
| | - Yanan Ma
- Department of Biostatistics and Epidemiology, School of Public Health, China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning 110122, China
| | - Peige Song
- School of Public Health, the Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310058, China
| | - Jorge E. Chavarro
- Department of Nutrition, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - S.V. Subramanian
- Department of Social and Behavioral Sciences, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Chunling Lu
- Division of Global Health Equity, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
- Department of Global Health and Social Medicine, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Zhihui Li
- Vanke School of Public Health, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
- Department of Global Health and Population, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Changzheng Yuan
- School of Public Health, the Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310058, China
- Department of Nutrition, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA 02115, USA
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Preampruchcha P, Suwanno N, Petchana B, Kuemee T, Tanaree A, Nontarak J, Balthip K, Ratworawong K, Hayiyani N, Oumudee N, Maneemai O, Waleewong O, Chotipanvithayakul R, Nasueb S, Rungruang S, Chaiyasong S, Saokaew S, Intanont T, Donraman T, Saengow U, Duangpaen W, Bunyanukul W, Vichitkunakorn P. The effects of others' drinking on the harms to children in Thailand: Lessons from the WHO-ThaiHealth project. PLoS One 2022; 17:e0265641. [PMID: 35320311 PMCID: PMC8942252 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0265641] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2021] [Accepted: 03/05/2022] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Many knowledge gaps exist in the area of alcohol-related harms in children research such as the potential impact of other's drinking and their social demography. Thus, this study aims to evaluate the effects of characteristics of household members and others' alcohol drinking on harms to children in Thailand. DATA AND METHODS This study examined 952 parents caring for children and adolescents under 18 years of age, using the questionnaire (i.e., The Harm to Others from Drinking under the WHO/ThaiHealth International Collaboration Research Project). They were interviewed between September 2012 and March 2013. RESULTS The study found that 15.89% of children and young people were affected by someone's drinking in at least one category of harms. People over 60 years of age were less likely to cause alcohol-related harm to children than those aged 18 to 29 (adjusted odds ratio [AOR] 0.19, 95% confidence interval [Cl]: 0.06-0.58). Households with a binge drinker or regular drinker (≥1 time/week) were more likely to have children at higher risk of suffering alcohol-related harm in comparison to households without alcohol drinker (AOR 4.75 and 1.92, respectively). CONCLUSION This study found that children whose family members are young adult or consume alcohol (i.e., weekly drinker or binge drinker) were significantly adversely affected. The most common problems were domestic violence and verbal abuse. Most of the problems, affecting children, were caused mostly by their parents.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Nattapong Suwanno
- Faculty of Medicine, Prince of Songkla University, Hat Yai, Songkhla, Thailand
| | - Butpetch Petchana
- Faculty of Medicine, Prince of Songkla University, Hat Yai, Songkhla, Thailand
| | - Tirada Kuemee
- Faculty of Medicine, Prince of Songkla University, Hat Yai, Songkhla, Thailand
| | - Athip Tanaree
- Department of Mental Health, Ministry of Public Health, Nonthaburi, Thailand
| | - Jiraluck Nontarak
- Faculty of Public Health, Department of Epidemiology, Mahidol University, Rajthevee, Bangkok, Thailand
| | | | | | - Narisa Hayiyani
- Faculty of Medicine, Department of Epidemiology, Prince of Songkla University, Hat Yai, Songkhla, Thailand
| | - Nurtasneam Oumudee
- Faculty of Medicine, Department of Epidemiology, Prince of Songkla University, Hat Yai, Songkhla, Thailand
| | - Ongart Maneemai
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Phayao, Muang Phayao, Thailand
| | - Orratai Waleewong
- International Health Policy Program, Ministry of Public Health, Nonthaburi, Thailand
| | | | - Sopit Nasueb
- International Health Policy Program, Ministry of Public Health, Nonthaburi, Thailand
| | - Supeecha Rungruang
- Faculty of Medicine, Department of Family and Preventive Medicine, Prince of Songkla University, Hat Yai, Songkhla, Thailand
| | - Surasak Chaiyasong
- Social Pharmacy Research Unit, Faculty of Pharmacy, Mahasarakham University, Maha Sarakham, Thailand
| | - Surasak Saokaew
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Phayao, Muang Phayao, Thailand
| | - Tanomsri Intanont
- Faculty of Nursing, Prince of Songkla University, Hat Yai, Songkhla, Thailand
| | - Teerohah Donraman
- Faculty of Medicine, Division of Digital Innovation and Data Analytics, Prince of Songkhla University, Hat Yai, Songkhla, Thailand
| | - Udomsak Saengow
- Center of Excellence in Data Science for Health Study, Walailak University, Tha Sala, Nakhon Si Thammarat, Thailand
- School of Medicine, Walailak University, Tha Sala, Nakhon Si Thammarat, Thailand
| | | | | | - Polathep Vichitkunakorn
- Faculty of Medicine, Department of Family and Preventive Medicine, Prince of Songkla University, Hat Yai, Songkhla, Thailand
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Oken E, Thompson JW, Rifas-Shiman SL, Vilchuk K, Bogdanovich N, Hameza M, Yang S, Patel R, Kramer MS, Martin RM. Analysis of Maternal Prenatal Weight and Offspring Cognition and Behavior: Results From the Promotion of Breastfeeding Intervention Trial (PROBIT) Cohort. JAMA Netw Open 2021; 4:e2121429. [PMID: 34410396 PMCID: PMC8377565 DOI: 10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2021.21429] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
IMPORTANCE Prenatal experiences can influence fetal brain development. OBJECTIVE To examine associations of maternal prenatal body mass index (BMI) with cognition and behavior of offspring born full-term. DESIGN, SETTING, AND PARTICIPANTS This cohort study examined follow-up data from a breastfeeding promotion intervention at 31 hospitals and affiliated polyclinics in the Republic of Belarus. Participants included 11 276 children who were evaluated from birth (1996-1997) to adolescence (2017-2019), with maternal BMI information available in prenatal medical records. EXPOSURES Maternal BMI, calculated as weight in kilograms divided by height in meters squared, after 35 weeks gestation; secondary analyses examined maternal BMI at other time points and paternal BMI. MAIN OUTCOMES AND MEASURES Trained pediatricians assessed child cognition with the Wechsler Abbreviated Scales of Intelligence (WASI) at 6.5 years and the computerized self-administered NeuroTrax battery at 16 years, both with an approximate mean (SD) of 100 (15). Parents and teachers rated behaviors at 6.5 years using the Strengths and Difficulties Questionnaire (SDQ, range 0-40). Mixed-effects linear regression analyses corrected for clustering, adjusted for the randomized intervention group and baseline parental sociodemographic characteristics, and were considered mediation by child BMI. RESULTS Among 11 276 participants, 9355 women (83%) were aged 20 to 34 years, 10 128 (89.8%) were married, and 11 050 (98.0%) did not smoke during pregnancy. Each 5-unit increase in of maternal late-pregnancy BMI (mean [SD], 27.2 [3.8]) was associated with lower offspring WASI performance intelligence quotient (IQ) (-0.52 points; 95% CI, -0.87 to -0.17 points) at 6.5 years and lower scores on 5 of 7 NeuroTrax subscales and the global cognitive score at 16 years (-0.67 points; 95% CI, -1.06 to -0.29 points). Results were similar after adjustment for sociodemographic characteristics, pregnancy complications, and paternal BMI and were not mediated by child weight. Higher late pregnancy maternal BMI was also associated with more behavioral problems reported on the SDQ by teachers but not associated with parent-reported behaviors (externalizing behaviors: 0.13 points; 95% CI, 0.02 to 0.24 points; and total difficulties: 0.14 points, 95% CI, -0.02 to 0.30 points). Results were similar for maternal BMI measured in the first trimester or postpartum. In contrast, higher 6.5-year paternal BMI was associated with slightly better child cognition (WASI verbal IQ: 0.42 points; 95% CI, 0.02 to 0.82 points; NeuroTrax executive function score: 0.68 points; 95% CI, 0.24 to 1.12 points) and fewer teacher-reported behavioral problems (total difficulties: -0.29 points; 95% CI, -0.46 to -0.11 points). CONCLUSIONS AND RELEVANCE This cohort study supports findings from animal experiments and human observational studies in settings with higher maternal BMI and obesity rates. Higher maternal prenatal BMI may be associated with poorer offspring brain development, although residual confounding cannot be excluded.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emily Oken
- Division of Chronic Disease Research Across the Lifecourse, Department of Population Medicine, Harvard Medical School, Harvard Pilgrim Health Care Institute, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Jennifer W. Thompson
- Division of Chronic Disease Research Across the Lifecourse, Department of Population Medicine, Harvard Medical School, Harvard Pilgrim Health Care Institute, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Sheryl L. Rifas-Shiman
- Division of Chronic Disease Research Across the Lifecourse, Department of Population Medicine, Harvard Medical School, Harvard Pilgrim Health Care Institute, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Konstantin Vilchuk
- The National Research and Applied Medicine Mother and Child Centre, Minsk, Belarus
| | - Natalia Bogdanovich
- The National Research and Applied Medicine Mother and Child Centre, Minsk, Belarus
| | - Mikhail Hameza
- The National Research and Applied Medicine Mother and Child Centre, Minsk, Belarus
| | - Seungmi Yang
- Department of Epidemiology, Biostatistics and Occupational Health, Faculty of Medicine, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Rita Patel
- Musculoskeletal Research Unit, Translational Health Sciences, Bristol Medical School, University of Bristol, Bristol, United Kingdom
| | - Michael S. Kramer
- Department of Epidemiology, Biostatistics and Occupational Health, Faculty of Medicine, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
- Department of Pediatrics, Faculty of Medicine, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Richard M. Martin
- Department of Population Health Sciences, Bristol Medical School, University of Bristol, Bristol, United Kingdom
- National Institute for Health Research Biomedical Research Centre, University Hospitals Bristol and Weston National Health Service Foundation Trust, University of Bristol, Bristol, United Kingdom
- Medical Research Council Integrative Epidemiology Unit, University of Bristol, Bristol, United Kingdom
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A Systematic Review of Household and Family Alcohol Use and Childhood Neurodevelopmental Outcomes in Low- and Middle-Income Countries. Child Psychiatry Hum Dev 2021; 52:1194-1217. [PMID: 33369706 PMCID: PMC8528783 DOI: 10.1007/s10578-020-01112-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 12/09/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Childhood exposure to alcohol misuse by household adults has been related to childhood developmental delay, cognitive impacts, mental illness, and problem behaviours. Most evidence comes from high income countries. This systematic review only included studies from low- and middle-income countries (LMICs). Five databases were searched from 1990-2020. Twenty-eight studies of children 0-12 years were included, with 42,599 participants from 11 LMICs. The most common outcome was behavioural problems/disorders (19 studies). Despite varying study designs, this review found that alcohol misuse by household members in LMICs is associated with adverse child neurodevelopmental outcomes, although casual inferences cannot be drawn in the absence of well conducted prospective studies. Statistically significant correlations were described between parental alcohol misuse and child emotional and behavioural difficulties, cognitive delay, and risky behaviours. In future, prospective cohort studies are recommended, with adjustment for confounders.
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Nilsen FM, Ruiz JD, Tulve NS. A Meta-Analysis of Stressors from the Total Environment Associated with Children's General Cognitive Ability. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2020; 17:ijerph17155451. [PMID: 32751096 PMCID: PMC7432904 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph17155451] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/10/2020] [Revised: 07/17/2020] [Accepted: 07/20/2020] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
General cognitive ability, often referred to as ‘general intelligence’, comprises a variety of correlated abilities. Childhood general cognitive ability is a well-studied area of research and can be used to predict social outcomes and perceived success. Early life stage (e.g., prenatal, postnatal, toddler) exposures to stressors (i.e., chemical and non-chemical stressors from the total (built, natural, social) environment) can impact the development of childhood cognitive ability. Building from our systematic scoping review (Ruiz et al., 2016), we conducted a meta-analysis to evaluate more than 100 stressors related to cognitive development. Our meta-analysis identified 23 stressors with a significant increase in their likelihood to influence childhood cognitive ability by 10% or more, and 80 stressors were observed to have a statistically significant effect on cognitive ability. Stressors most impactful to cognition during the prenatal period were related to maternal health and the mother’s ability to access information relevant to a healthy pregnancy (e.g., diet, lifestyle). Stressors most impactful to cognition during the early childhood period were dietary nutrients (infancy), quality of social interaction (toddler), and exposure to toxic substances (throughout early childhood). In conducting this analysis, we examined the relative impact of real-world exposures on cognitive development to attempt to understand the inter-relationships between exposures to both chemical and non-chemical stressors and early developmental life stages. Our findings suggest that the stressors observed to be the most influential to childhood cognitive ability are not permanent and can be broadly categorized as activities/behaviors which can be modified to improve childhood cognition. This meta-analysis supports the idea that there are complex relationships between a child’s total environment and early cognitive development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Frances M. Nilsen
- Office of Research and Development, U.S. Environmental Protection Agency Research Triangle Park, Durham, NC 27709, USA; (J.D.C.R.); (N.S.T.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +1-919-541-2574
| | - Jazmin D.C. Ruiz
- Office of Research and Development, U.S. Environmental Protection Agency Research Triangle Park, Durham, NC 27709, USA; (J.D.C.R.); (N.S.T.)
- Honeywell International, Buffalo, NY 14210, USA
| | - Nicolle S. Tulve
- Office of Research and Development, U.S. Environmental Protection Agency Research Triangle Park, Durham, NC 27709, USA; (J.D.C.R.); (N.S.T.)
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Ballardini N, Kramer MS, Oken E, Henderson AJ, Bogdanovich N, Dahhou M, Patel R, Thompson J, Vilchuck K, Yang S, Martin RM, Flohr C. Associations of atopic dermatitis and asthma with child behaviour: Results from the PROBIT cohort. Clin Exp Allergy 2019; 49:1235-1244. [PMID: 31081565 DOI: 10.1111/cea.13417] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/13/2018] [Revised: 04/02/2019] [Accepted: 04/14/2019] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Conflicting findings from studies evaluating associations of allergic disease with child behaviour require longitudinal studies to resolve. OBJECTIVE To estimate the magnitude of associations of atopic dermatitis (AD) in infancy, and symptoms of asthma and AD at 6.5 years, with child behaviour at 6.5 years. METHODS Secondary cohort analysis of the Promotion of Breastfeeding Intervention Trial (PROBIT). PROBIT enrolled 17 046 infants at birth and followed them up at 6.5 years (n = 13 889). Study paediatricians collected data on infantile AD at repeated follow-up examinations during the first year of life. At 6.5 years, paediatricians performed skin prick tests and parents reported asthma and AD symptoms during the prior year. In addition, parents and teachers completed the Strength and Difficulties Questionnaire, which includes scales on hyperactivity/inattention, emotional problems, conduct problems, peer problems and prosocial behaviours. RESULTS Physician-diagnosed AD in the first year of life was not associated with increased risk for behavioural problems at 6.5 years. Emotional problems at 6.5 years were more common among children with AD symptoms (OR: 2.24, 95% CI: 1.62-3.12) and asthma symptoms (OR: 1.45; 95% CI: 1.07-1.96) during the past year at 6.5 years and ORs for children with symptoms of more severe AD and asthma were also higher. AD in the past year was also associated with probable hyperactivity/inattention disorder at 6.5 years (OR: 2.05; 95% CI: 1.09-3.84). Other subscales of the SDQ were not related to asthma or AD symptoms during the past year. CONCLUSIONS AND CLINICAL RELEVANCE Children with AD symptoms were at higher risk for concomitant hyperactivity/inattention and emotional disorder, and children with asthma symptoms were at higher risk of having concomitant emotional problems. However, AD during infancy did not predict childhood behaviours.
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Affiliation(s)
- Natalia Ballardini
- Institute of Environmental Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden.,Sachs' Children and Youth Hospital, Södersjukhuset, Stockholm, Sweden.,St John's Institute of Dermatology, King's College London, London, UK
| | - Michael S Kramer
- Department of Epidemiology, Biostatistics and Occupational Health, Faculty of Medicine, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Emily Oken
- Division of Chronic Disease Research Across the Lifecourse, Department of Population Medicine, Harvard Medical School and Harvard Pilgrim Health Care Institute, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Alexander John Henderson
- Department of Population Health Sciences, Bristol Medical School, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK
| | - Natalia Bogdanovich
- National Research and Applied Medicine Mother and Child Centre, Minsk, Belarus
| | - Mourad Dahhou
- Departments of Pediatrics and of Epidemiology, Biostatistics and Occupational Health, Faculty of Medicine, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Rita Patel
- Department of Population Health Sciences, Bristol Medical School, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK
| | - Jennifer Thompson
- Division of Chronic Disease Research Across the Lifecourse, Department of Population Medicine, Harvard Medical School and Harvard Pilgrim Health Care Institute, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Konstantin Vilchuck
- National Research and Applied Medicine Mother and Child Centre, Minsk, Belarus
| | - Seungmi Yang
- Departments of Pediatrics and of Epidemiology, Biostatistics and Occupational Health, Faculty of Medicine, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Richard M Martin
- Department of Population Health Sciences, Bristol Medical School, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK.,University Hospitals Bristol NHS Foundation Trust, National Institute for Health Research, Bristol Biomedical Research Centre, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK.,Medical Research Council Integrative Epidemiology Unit, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK
| | - Carsten Flohr
- St John's Institute of Dermatology, Guy's and St Thomas' Hospital, NHS Foundation Trust and King's College London, London, UK
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Oh DL, Jerman P, Silvério Marques S, Koita K, Purewal Boparai SK, Burke Harris N, Bucci M. Systematic review of pediatric health outcomes associated with childhood adversity. BMC Pediatr 2018; 18:83. [PMID: 29475430 PMCID: PMC5824569 DOI: 10.1186/s12887-018-1037-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 195] [Impact Index Per Article: 32.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/24/2017] [Accepted: 01/30/2018] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Early detection of and intervention in childhood adversity has powerful potential to improve the health and well-being of children. A systematic review was conducted to better understand the pediatric health outcomes associated with childhood adversity. METHODS PubMed, PsycArticles, and CINAHL were searched for relevant articles. Longitudinal studies examining various adverse childhood experiences and biological health outcomes occurring prior to age 20 were selected. Mental and behavioral health outcomes were excluded, as were physical health outcomes that were a direct result of adversity (i.e. abusive head trauma). Data were extracted and risk of bias was assessed by 2 independent reviewers. RESULTS After identifying 15940 records, 35 studies were included in this review. Selected studies indicated that exposure to childhood adversity was associated with delays in cognitive development, asthma, infection, somatic complaints, and sleep disruption. Studies on household dysfunction reported an effect on weight during early childhood, and studies on maltreatment reported an effect on weight during adolescence. Maternal mental health issues were associated with elevated cortisol levels, and maltreatment was associated with blunted cortisol levels in childhood. Furthermore, exposure to childhood adversity was associated with alterations of immune and inflammatory response and stress-related accelerated telomere erosion. CONCLUSION Childhood adversity affects brain development and multiple body systems, and the physiologic manifestations can be detectable in childhood. A history of childhood adversity should be considered in the differential diagnosis of developmental delay, asthma, recurrent infections requiring hospitalization, somatic complaints, and sleep disruption. The variability in children's response to adversity suggests complex underlying mechanisms and poses a challenge in the development of uniform diagnostic guidelines. More large longitudinal studies are needed to better understand how adversity, its timing and severity, and the presence of individual genetic, epigenetic, and protective factors affects children's health and development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Debora Lee Oh
- Center for Youth Wellness, 3450 Third Street, Bldg 2, Ste 201, San Francisco, CA 94124 USA
| | - Petra Jerman
- Center for Youth Wellness, 3450 Third Street, Bldg 2, Ste 201, San Francisco, CA 94124 USA
| | - Sara Silvério Marques
- Center for Youth Wellness, 3450 Third Street, Bldg 2, Ste 201, San Francisco, CA 94124 USA
| | - Kadiatou Koita
- Center for Youth Wellness, 3450 Third Street, Bldg 2, Ste 201, San Francisco, CA 94124 USA
| | - Sukhdip Kaur Purewal Boparai
- Center for Youth Wellness, 3450 Third Street, Bldg 2, Ste 201, San Francisco, CA 94124 USA
- Human Impact Partners, Oakland, California, USA
| | - Nadine Burke Harris
- Center for Youth Wellness, 3450 Third Street, Bldg 2, Ste 201, San Francisco, CA 94124 USA
| | - Monica Bucci
- Center for Youth Wellness, 3450 Third Street, Bldg 2, Ste 201, San Francisco, CA 94124 USA
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Santesteban-Echarri O, Eisenberg RE, Bird HR, Canino GJ, Duarte CS. Family Structure, Transitions and Psychiatric Disorders Among Puerto Rican Children. JOURNAL OF CHILD AND FAMILY STUDIES 2016; 25:3417-3429. [PMID: 28713212 PMCID: PMC5509057 DOI: 10.1007/s10826-016-0498-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
This paper examines whether family structure and its transitions are associated with internalizing and externalizing psychiatric disorders among Puerto Rican-origin children. It uses longitudinal data (three waves) from the Boricua Youth Study, which includes probability samples of children in the South Bronx (New York) and San Juan (Puerto Rico) (n = 2,142). We also examine factors which may explain how family structure and transitions may be related to child psychiatric disorders. Our results show that for both internalizing and externalizing disorders there were no significant differences between children of cohabiting (biological or step) parents or of single parents compared to children of married biological parents. In Puerto Rico only, transitioning once from a two-parent family to a single-parent family was related to child internalizing disorders. Family transitions were not associated with externalizing disorders at either site. Context may be an important factor shaping the risk that family dissolution is followed by an internalizing disorder among children.
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Affiliation(s)
- Olga Santesteban-Echarri
- Division of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Columbia University and New York State Psychiatric Institute, Columbia University Medical Center, 1051 Riverside Drive, Unit 43, Room 5223, New York, NY 10032, USA
- Facultad de Ciencias de la Educación y Psicología, Universitat Rovira i Virgili, Tarragona, Spain
| | - Ruth E. Eisenberg
- Division of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Columbia University and New York State Psychiatric Institute, Columbia University Medical Center, 1051 Riverside Drive, Unit 43, Room 5223, New York, NY 10032, USA
| | - Hector R. Bird
- Division of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Columbia University and New York State Psychiatric Institute, Columbia University Medical Center, 1051 Riverside Drive, Unit 43, Room 5223, New York, NY 10032, USA
| | - Glorisa J. Canino
- Behavioral Sciences Research Institute, University of Puerto Rico Medical School, San Juan, PR, USA
| | - Cristiane S. Duarte
- Division of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Columbia University and New York State Psychiatric Institute, Columbia University Medical Center, 1051 Riverside Drive, Unit 43, Room 5223, New York, NY 10032, USA
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9
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Ruiz JDC, Quackenboss JJ, Tulve NS. Contributions of a Child's Built, Natural, and Social Environments to Their General Cognitive Ability: A Systematic Scoping Review. PLoS One 2016; 11:e0147741. [PMID: 26840411 PMCID: PMC4739499 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0147741] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2015] [Accepted: 12/09/2015] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
The etiology of a child’s cognitive ability is complex, with research suggesting that it is not attributed to a single determinant or even a defined period of exposure. Rather, cognitive development is the product of cumulative interactions with the environment, both negative and positive, over the life course. The aim of this systematic scoping review was to collate evidence associated with children’s cognitive health, including inherent factors as well as chemical and non-chemical stressors from the built, natural, and social environments. Three databases were used to identify recent epidemiological studies (2003–2013) that examined exposure factors associated with general cognitive ability in children. Over 100 factors were evaluated from 258 eligible studies. We found that recent literature mainly assessed the hypothesized negative effects of either inherent factors or chemical exposures present in the physical environment. Prenatal growth, sleep health, lead and water pollutants showed consistent negative effects. Of the few studies that examined social stressors, results consistently showed cognitive development to be influenced by both positive and negative social interactions at home, in school or the community. Among behavioral factors related to diet and lifestyle choices of the mother, breastfeeding was the most studied, showing consistent positive associations with cognitive ability. There were mostly inconsistent results for both chemical and non-chemical stressors. The majority of studies utilized traditional exposure assessments, evaluating chemical and non-chemical stressors separately. Collective evidence from a limited number of studies revealed that cumulative exposure assessment that incorporates multiple chemical and non-chemical stressors over the life course may unravel the variability in effect on cognitive development and help explain the inconsistencies across studies. Future research examining the interactions of multiple stressors within a child’s total environment, depicting a more real-world exposure, will aid in understanding the cumulative effects associated with a child’s ability to learn.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jazmin Del Carmen Ruiz
- Oak Ridge Institute for Science and Education, Research Participation Program, Oak Ridge, TN, United States of America
- Human Exposure and Atmospheric Sciences Division, National Exposure Research Laboratory, Office of Research and Development, U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Research Triangle Park, Durham, NC, United States of America
- * E-mail: ;
| | - James J. Quackenboss
- Human Exposure and Atmospheric Sciences Division, National Exposure Research Laboratory, Office of Research and Development, U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Las Vegas, NV, United States of America
| | - Nicolle S. Tulve
- Human Exposure and Atmospheric Sciences Division, National Exposure Research Laboratory, Office of Research and Development, U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Research Triangle Park, Durham, NC, United States of America
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Rossow I. How Well Do Survey Studies Capture Alcohol's Harm to Others? SUBSTANCE ABUSE-RESEARCH AND TREATMENT 2016; 9:99-106. [PMID: 26819555 PMCID: PMC4721679 DOI: 10.4137/sart.s23503] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2015] [Revised: 09/21/2015] [Accepted: 09/23/2015] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
Empirical studies assessing alcohol’s harm to others very often rely on population survey data. This study addresses some of the problems and challenges in using survey data for this purpose. Such problems include the limited capacity of population surveys in identifying infrequent harm and long-term consequences of drinking. Moreover, the drinker may report the alcohol-related harm or the person being harmed may report the damage. However, irrespective of who reports the harm, causal attribution to drinking is problematic. Challenges for future population surveys to address alcohol’s harm to others include the need for improved models and understanding of complex mechanisms to guide empirical studies within the broad range of harm. Study designs other than cross-sectional surveys, such as longitudinal study designs and combinations of population surveys and other data sources, are likely to overcome some of the identified problems in current population surveys of alcohol’s harm to others.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ingeborg Rossow
- Norwegian Institute for Alcohol and Drug Research, Oslo, Norway
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Comparison of health care needs of child family members of adults with alcohol or drug dependence versus adults with asthma or diabetes. J Dev Behav Pediatr 2014; 35:282-91. [PMID: 24799266 PMCID: PMC4123818 DOI: 10.1097/dbp.0000000000000049] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To compare the health problems, preventive care utilization, and medical costs of child family members (CFMs) of adults diagnosed with alcohol or drug dependence (AODD) to CFMs of adults diagnosed with diabetes or asthma. METHODS Child family members of adults diagnosed with AODD between 2002 and 2005 and CFMs of matched adults diagnosed with diabetes or asthma were followed up to 7 years after diagnosis of the index adult. Logistic regression was used to determine whether the CFMs of AODD adults were more likely to be diagnosed with medical conditions, or get preventive care, than the CFMs of adults with asthma or diabetes. Children's health services use was compared using multivariate models. RESULTS In Year 5 after index date, CFMs of adults with AODD were more likely to be diagnosed with depression and AODD than CFMs of adults with asthma or diabetes and were less likely to be diagnosed with asthma, otitis media, and pneumonia than CFMs of adults with asthma. CFMs of AODD adults were less likely than CFMs of adult asthmatic patients to have annual well-child visits. CFMs of AODD adults had similar mean annual total health care costs to CFMs of adults with asthma but higher total costs ($159/yr higher, confidence interval, $56-$253) than CFMs of adult diabetic patients. CFMs of adults with AODD had higher emergency department, higher outpatient alcohol and drug program, higher outpatient psychiatry, and lower primary care costs than CFMs of either adult asthmatic patients or diabetic patients. CONCLUSION Children in families with an alcohol- or drug-dependent adult have unique patterns of health conditions, and differences in the types of health services used, compared to children in families with an adult asthmatic or diabetic family member. However, overall cost and utilization for health care services is similar or only somewhat higher. This is the first study of its kind, and the results have implications for the reduction of parental alcohol or drug dependence stigma by health care providers, clearly an important issue in this era of health reform.
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Leon DA, Keenan K. Commentary: Alcohol, child development and harm to others: a 'hard' problem. Int J Epidemiol 2012; 41:1097-100. [PMID: 22933651 DOI: 10.1093/ije/dys134] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- David A Leon
- Department of Non-Communicable Diseases Epidemiology, London School of Hygiene & Tropical Medicine, London, UK.
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