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Etienne J, Boutigny A, David DJ, Deflesselle E, Gressier F, Becquemont L, Corruble E, Colle R. Habenular volume changes after venlafaxine treatment in patients with major depression. Psychiatry Clin Neurosci 2024; 78:468-472. [PMID: 38867362 DOI: 10.1111/pcn.13684] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/11/2023] [Revised: 05/07/2024] [Accepted: 05/09/2024] [Indexed: 06/14/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Habenula, a hub brain region controlling monoaminergic brain center, has been implicated in major depressive disorder (MDD) and as a possible target of antidepressant response. Nevertheless, the effect of antidepressant drug treatment on habenular volumes remains unknown. The objective of the present research was to study habenular volume change after antidepressant treatment in patients with MDD, and assess whether it is associated with clinical improvement. METHODS Fifty patients with a current major depressive episode (MDE) in the context of MDD, and antidepressant-free for at least 1 month, were assessed for habenula volume (3T MRI with manual segmentation) before and after a 3 months sequence of venlafaxine antidepressant treatment. RESULTS A 2.3% significant increase in total habenular volume (absolute volume: P = 0.0013; relative volume: P = 0.0055) and a 3.3% significant increase in left habenular volume (absolute volume: P = 0.00080; relative volume: P = 0.0028) were observed. A significant greater variation was observed in male patients (4.8%) compared to female patients. No association was observed between habenular volume changes and response and remission. Some habenula volume changes were associated with improvement of olfactory pleasantness. CONCLUSION Habenular volumes increased after 3 months of venlafaxine treatment in depressed patients. Further studies should assess whether cell proliferation and density or dendritic structure variations are implied in these volume changes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Josselin Etienne
- Service Hospitalo-Universitaire de Psychiatrie, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris, Hôpitaux Universitaires Paris-Saclay, Hôpital de Bicêtre, Le Kremlin Bicêtre, France
- Equipe Moods, INSERM UMR-1178, CESP, Université Paris-Saclay, Faculté de Médecine, Le Kremlin Bicêtre, France
| | - Alexandre Boutigny
- Equipe Moods, INSERM UMR-1178, CESP, Université Paris-Saclay, Faculté de Médecine, Le Kremlin Bicêtre, France
| | - Denis J David
- Equipe Moods, INSERM UMR-1178, CESP, Université Paris-Saclay, Faculté de Médecine, Le Kremlin Bicêtre, France
| | - Eric Deflesselle
- Equipe Moods, INSERM UMR-1178, CESP, Université Paris-Saclay, Faculté de Médecine, Le Kremlin Bicêtre, France
| | - Florence Gressier
- Service Hospitalo-Universitaire de Psychiatrie, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris, Hôpitaux Universitaires Paris-Saclay, Hôpital de Bicêtre, Le Kremlin Bicêtre, France
- Equipe Moods, INSERM UMR-1178, CESP, Université Paris-Saclay, Faculté de Médecine, Le Kremlin Bicêtre, France
| | - Laurent Becquemont
- Equipe Moods, INSERM UMR-1178, CESP, Université Paris-Saclay, Faculté de Médecine, Le Kremlin Bicêtre, France
- Centre de Recherche Clinique Paris-Saclay, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris, Hôpitaux Universitaires Paris-Saclay, Hôpital de Bicêtre, Le Kremlin Bicêtre, France
| | - Emmanuelle Corruble
- Service Hospitalo-Universitaire de Psychiatrie, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris, Hôpitaux Universitaires Paris-Saclay, Hôpital de Bicêtre, Le Kremlin Bicêtre, France
- Equipe Moods, INSERM UMR-1178, CESP, Université Paris-Saclay, Faculté de Médecine, Le Kremlin Bicêtre, France
| | - Romain Colle
- Service Hospitalo-Universitaire de Psychiatrie, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris, Hôpitaux Universitaires Paris-Saclay, Hôpital de Bicêtre, Le Kremlin Bicêtre, France
- Equipe Moods, INSERM UMR-1178, CESP, Université Paris-Saclay, Faculté de Médecine, Le Kremlin Bicêtre, France
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Janowitz HN, Linden DJ. Chronic Treatment with Serotonin Selective Reuptake Inhibitors Does Not Affect Regrowth of Serotonin Axons Following Amphetamine Injury in the Mouse Forebrain. eNeuro 2024; 11:ENEURO.0444-22.2023. [PMID: 38355299 PMCID: PMC10867722 DOI: 10.1523/eneuro.0444-22.2023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2022] [Revised: 08/01/2023] [Accepted: 08/12/2023] [Indexed: 02/16/2024] Open
Abstract
A current hypothesis to explain the limited recovery following brain and spinal cord trauma stems from the dogma that neurons in the mammalian central nervous system lack the ability to regenerate their axons after injury. Serotonin (5-HT) neurons in the adult brain are a notable exception in that they can slowly regrow their axons following chemical or mechanical lesions. This process of regrowth occurs without intervention over several months and results in anatomical recovery that approximates the preinjured state. During development, serotonin is a trophic factor, playing a role in both cell survival and axon growth. Additionally, some studies have shown that stroke patients treated after injury with serotonin selective reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs) appeared to have improved recovery. To test the hypothesis that serotonin can influence the regrowth of 5-HT axons, mice received a high dose of para-chloroamphetamine (PCA) to induce widespread retrograde degeneration of 5-HT axons. Then, after a short rest period to avoid any interaction with the acute injury phase, SSRIs were administered daily for 6 or 10 weeks. Using immunohistochemistry in 5-HT transporter-GFP BAC transgenic mice, we determined that while PCA led to a rapid initial decrease in total 5-HT axon length in the somatosensory cortex, visual cortex, or area CA1 of the hippocampus, treatment with either fluoxetine or sertraline (two different SSRIs) did not affect the recovery of axon length. These results suggest that chronic SSRI treatment does not affect the regrowth of 5-HT axons and argue against SSRIs as a potential therapy following brain injury.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haley N Janowitz
- Cellular and Molecular Medicine Graduate Program, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland 21205
- The Solomon H. Snyder Department of Neuroscience, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland 21205
| | - David J Linden
- Cellular and Molecular Medicine Graduate Program, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland 21205
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Lee JS, Kang JY, Park SY, Hwang SJ, Bae SJ, Son CG. Central 5-HTergic hyperactivity induces myalgic encephalomyelitis/chronic fatigue syndrome (ME/CFS)-like pathophysiology. J Transl Med 2024; 22:34. [PMID: 38191373 PMCID: PMC10773012 DOI: 10.1186/s12967-023-04808-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2023] [Accepted: 12/15/2023] [Indexed: 01/10/2024] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Myalgic encephalomyelitis/chronic fatigue syndrome (ME/CFS) is a significant medical challenge, with no indisputable pathophysiological mechanism identified to date. METHODS Based on clinical clues, we hypothesized that 5-hydroxytryptamine (5-HT) hyperactivation is implicated in the pathogenic causes of ME/CFS and the associated symptoms. We experimentally evaluated this hypothesis in a series of mouse models. RESULTS High-dose selective serotonin reuptake inhibitor (SSRI) treatment induced intra- and extracellular serotonin spillover in the dorsal raphe nuclei of mice. This condition resulted in severe fatigue (rota-rod, fatigue rotating wheel and home-cage activity tests) and ME/CFS-associated symptoms (nest building, plantar and open field test), along with dysfunction in the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) axis response to exercise challenge. These ME/CFS-like features induced by excess serotonin were additionally verified using both a 5-HT synthesis inhibitor and viral vector for Htr1a (5-HT1A receptor) gene knockdown. CONCLUSIONS Our findings support the involvement of 5-HTergic hyperactivity in the pathophysiology of ME/CFS. This ME/CFS-mimicking animal model would be useful for understanding ME/CFS biology and its therapeutic approaches.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jin-Seok Lee
- Research Center for CFS/ME, Daejeon Hospital of Daejeon University, Daejeon, Republic of Korea
- Institute of Bioscience & Integrative Medicine, Daejeon University, Daejeon, Republic of Korea
| | - Ji-Yun Kang
- Institute of Bioscience & Integrative Medicine, Daejeon University, Daejeon, Republic of Korea
| | - Samuel-Young Park
- Korean Medical College of Daejeon University, Daejeon, Republic of Korea
| | - Seung-Ju Hwang
- Institute of Bioscience & Integrative Medicine, Daejeon University, Daejeon, Republic of Korea
| | - Sung-Jin Bae
- College of Medicine, Kosin University, Busan, Republic of Korea
| | - Chang-Gue Son
- Research Center for CFS/ME, Daejeon Hospital of Daejeon University, Daejeon, Republic of Korea.
- Institute of Bioscience & Integrative Medicine, Daejeon University, Daejeon, Republic of Korea.
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Higuchi Y, Arakawa H. Serotonergic mediation of the brain-wide neurogenesis: Region-dependent and receptor-type specific roles on neurogenic cellular transformation. CURRENT RESEARCH IN NEUROBIOLOGY 2023; 5:100102. [PMID: 37638344 PMCID: PMC10458724 DOI: 10.1016/j.crneur.2023.100102] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2022] [Revised: 06/18/2023] [Accepted: 07/15/2023] [Indexed: 08/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Brain serotonin (5-hydroxytryptamine, 5-HT) is a key molecule for the mediation of depression-related brain states, but the neural mechanisms underlying 5-HT mediation need further investigation. A possible mechanism of the therapeutic antidepressant effects is neurogenic cell production, as stimulated by 5-HT signaling. Neurogenesis, the proliferation of neural stem cells (NSCs), and cell differentiation and maturation occur across brain regions, particularly the hippocampal dentate gyrus and the subventricular zone, throughout one's lifespan. 5-HT plays a major role in the mediation of neurogenic processes, which in turn leads to the therapeutic effect on depression-related states. In this review article, we aim to identify how the neuronal 5-HT system mediates the process of neurogenesis, including cell proliferation, cell-type differentiation and maturation. First, we will provide an overview of the neurogenic cell transformation that occurs in brain regions containing or lacking NSCs. Second, we will review brain region-specific mechanisms of 5-HT-mediated neurogenesis by comparing regions localized to NSCs, i.e., the hippocampus and subventricular zone, with those not containing NSCs. Highlighting these 5-HT mechanisms that mediate neurogenic cell production processes in a brain-region-specific manner would provide unique insights into the role of 5-HT in neurogenesis and its associated effects on depression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuki Higuchi
- Department of Systems Physiology, Graduate School of Medicine, University of the Ryukyus, Okinawa, Japan
| | - Hiroyuki Arakawa
- Department of Systems Physiology, Graduate School of Medicine, University of the Ryukyus, Okinawa, Japan
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Davinelli S, Medoro A, Ali S, Passarella D, Intrieri M, Scapagnini G. Dietary Flavonoids and Adult Neurogenesis: Potential Implications for Brain Aging. Curr Neuropharmacol 2023; 21:651-668. [PMID: 36321225 PMCID: PMC10207917 DOI: 10.2174/1570159x21666221031103909] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2022] [Revised: 07/27/2022] [Accepted: 08/19/2022] [Indexed: 02/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Adult neurogenesis deficiency has been proposed to be a common hallmark in different age-related neurodegenerative diseases. The administration of flavonoids is currently reported as a potentially beneficial strategy for preventing brain aging alterations, including adult neurogenesis decline. Flavonoids are a class of plant-derived dietary polyphenols that have drawn attention for their neuroprotective and pro-cognitive effects. Although they undergo extensive metabolism and localize in the brain at low concentrations, flavonoids are now believed to improve cerebral vasculature and interact with signal transduction cascades involved in the regulation of adult neurogenesis. Furthermore, many dietary flavonoids have been shown to reduce oxidative stress and neuroinflammation, improving the neuronal microenvironment where adult neurogenesis occurs. The overall goal of this review is to summarize the evidence supporting the role of flavonoids in modulating adult neurogenesis as well as to highlight how these dietary agents may be promising candidates in restoring healthy brain function during physiological and pathological aging.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sergio Davinelli
- Department of Medicine and Health Sciences “V. Tiberio”, University of Molise, Campobasso 86100, Italy
| | - Alessandro Medoro
- Department of Medicine and Health Sciences “V. Tiberio”, University of Molise, Campobasso 86100, Italy
| | - Sawan Ali
- Department of Medicine and Health Sciences “V. Tiberio”, University of Molise, Campobasso 86100, Italy
| | - Daniela Passarella
- Department of Medicine and Health Sciences “V. Tiberio”, University of Molise, Campobasso 86100, Italy
| | - Mariano Intrieri
- Department of Medicine and Health Sciences “V. Tiberio”, University of Molise, Campobasso 86100, Italy
| | - Giovanni Scapagnini
- Department of Medicine and Health Sciences “V. Tiberio”, University of Molise, Campobasso 86100, Italy
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Moreira NCDS, Tamarozzi ER, Lima JEBDF, Piassi LDO, Carvalho I, Passos GA, Sakamoto-Hojo ET. Novel Dual AChE and ROCK2 Inhibitor Induces Neurogenesis via PTEN/AKT Pathway in Alzheimer's Disease Model. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms232314788. [PMID: 36499116 PMCID: PMC9737254 DOI: 10.3390/ijms232314788] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2022] [Revised: 11/07/2022] [Accepted: 11/15/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Alzheimer's disease (AD) is a progressive and complex neurodegenerative disease. Acetylcholinesterase inhibitors (AChEIs) are a major class of drugs used in AD therapy. ROCK2, another promising target for AD, has been associated with the induction of neurogenesis via PTEN/AKT. This study aimed to characterize the therapeutic potential of a novel donepezil-tacrine hybrid compound (TA8Amino) to inhibit AChE and ROCK2 protein, leading to the induction of neurogenesis in SH-SY5Y cells. Experiments were carried out with undifferentiated and neuron-differentiated SH-SY5Y cells submitted to treatments with AChEIs (TA8Amino, donepezil, and tacrine) for 24 h or 7 days. TA8Amino was capable of inhibiting AChE at non-cytotoxic concentrations after 24 h. Following neuronal differentiation for 7 days, TA8Amino and donepezil increased the percentage of neurodifferentiated cells and the length of neurites, as confirmed by β-III-tubulin and MAP2 protein expression. TA8Amino was found to participate in the activation of PTEN/AKT signaling. In silico analysis showed that TA8Amino can stably bind to the active site of ROCK2, and in vitro experiments in SH-SY5Y cells demonstrate that TA8Amino significantly reduced the expression of ROCK2 protein, contrasting with donepezil and tacrine. Therefore, these results provide important information on the mechanism underlying the action of TA8Amino with regard to multi-target activities.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Elvira Regina Tamarozzi
- Department of Biotechnology, School of Arts, Sciences and Humanities—USP, São Paulo 03828-000, Brazil
| | | | - Larissa de Oliveira Piassi
- Department of Genetics, Ribeirão Preto Medical School, University of São Paulo—USP, Ribeirão Preto 14049-900, Brazil
| | - Ivone Carvalho
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences of Ribeirão Preto, University of São Paulo—USP, Ribeirão Preto 14040-900, Brazil
| | - Geraldo Aleixo Passos
- Department of Genetics, Ribeirão Preto Medical School, University of São Paulo—USP, Ribeirão Preto 14049-900, Brazil
- Laboratory of Genetics and Molecular Biology, Department of Basic and Oral Biology, School of Dentistry of Ribeirão Preto, University of São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto 14049-900, Brazil
| | - Elza Tiemi Sakamoto-Hojo
- Department of Genetics, Ribeirão Preto Medical School, University of São Paulo—USP, Ribeirão Preto 14049-900, Brazil
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Philosophy, Sciences and Letters at Ribeirão Preto, University of São Paulo—USP, Ribeirão Preto 14040-901, Brazil
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +55-16-3315-3827
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Svoboda E. Brain-cell growth keeps mood disorders at bay. Nature 2022; 608:S48-S49. [DOI: 10.1038/d41586-022-02210-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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Ohira K. Change of hypothalamic adult neurogenesis in mice by chronic treatment of fluoxetine. BMC Res Notes 2022; 15:60. [PMID: 35172883 PMCID: PMC8848793 DOI: 10.1186/s13104-022-05954-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/03/2021] [Accepted: 02/04/2022] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE More than half of patients with depression display eating disorders, such as bulimia nervosa and anorexia nervosa. Feeding centers are located in the hypothalamus, and hypothalamic adult neurogenesis has an important role in feeding and energy balance. Antidepressants, which can regulate adult neurogenesis in the hippocampus, olfactory bulb, and neocortex, are used for eating disorders, but it is unclear whether antidepressants change hypothalamic adult neurogenesis. In this study, we used immunohistological analysis to assess effects of the antidepressant fluoxetine (FLX) on hypothalamic adult neurogenesis of adult mice. RESULTS Expressions of the proliferating cell marker, Ki67, and the neural stem cell marker, nestin, were significantly decreased in the hypothalamus by FLX. As regard to postmitotic cells, the number of the neural marker, NeuN, positive cells was significantly upregulated by FLX, but that of the astrocytic marker, S100B, positive cells was significantly reduced by FLX. The number of the oligodendrocyte marker, Olig2, positive cells was not changed by FLX. Interestingly, FLX treatment did not affect the total number of newly generated cells in the hypothalamus, comparing that in controls. These results suggest that FLX treatment influence hypothalamic adult neurogenesis and shift the balance between the numbers of neurons and astrocytes under studied conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Koji Ohira
- Laboratory of Nutritional Brain Science, Department of Food Science and Nutrition, Mukogawa Women's University, 6-46 Ikebiraki, Nishinomiya, Hyogo, 663-8558, Japan.
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Leal-Galicia P, Chávez-Hernández ME, Mata F, Mata-Luévanos J, Rodríguez-Serrano LM, Tapia-de-Jesús A, Buenrostro-Jáuregui MH. Adult Neurogenesis: A Story Ranging from Controversial New Neurogenic Areas and Human Adult Neurogenesis to Molecular Regulation. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:11489. [PMID: 34768919 PMCID: PMC8584254 DOI: 10.3390/ijms222111489] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/28/2021] [Revised: 10/06/2021] [Accepted: 10/07/2021] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
The generation of new neurons in the adult brain is a currently accepted phenomenon. Over the past few decades, the subventricular zone and the hippocampal dentate gyrus have been described as the two main neurogenic niches. Neurogenic niches generate new neurons through an asymmetric division process involving several developmental steps. This process occurs throughout life in several species, including humans. These new neurons possess unique properties that contribute to the local circuitry. Despite several efforts, no other neurogenic zones have been observed in many years; the lack of observation is probably due to technical issues. However, in recent years, more brain niches have been described, once again breaking the current paradigms. Currently, a debate in the scientific community about new neurogenic areas of the brain, namely, human adult neurogenesis, is ongoing. Thus, several open questions regarding new neurogenic niches, as well as this phenomenon in adult humans, their functional relevance, and their mechanisms, remain to be answered. In this review, we discuss the literature and provide a compressive overview of the known neurogenic zones, traditional zones, and newly described zones. Additionally, we will review the regulatory roles of some molecular mechanisms, such as miRNAs, neurotrophic factors, and neurotrophins. We also join the debate on human adult neurogenesis, and we will identify similarities and differences in the literature and summarize the knowledge regarding these interesting topics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Perla Leal-Galicia
- Laboratorio de Neurociencias, Departamento de Psicología, Universidad Iberoamericana Ciudad de México, Ciudad de México 01219, Mexico; (M.E.C.-H.); (F.M.); (J.M.-L.); (L.M.R.-S.); (A.T.-d.-J.)
| | - María Elena Chávez-Hernández
- Laboratorio de Neurociencias, Departamento de Psicología, Universidad Iberoamericana Ciudad de México, Ciudad de México 01219, Mexico; (M.E.C.-H.); (F.M.); (J.M.-L.); (L.M.R.-S.); (A.T.-d.-J.)
| | - Florencia Mata
- Laboratorio de Neurociencias, Departamento de Psicología, Universidad Iberoamericana Ciudad de México, Ciudad de México 01219, Mexico; (M.E.C.-H.); (F.M.); (J.M.-L.); (L.M.R.-S.); (A.T.-d.-J.)
| | - Jesús Mata-Luévanos
- Laboratorio de Neurociencias, Departamento de Psicología, Universidad Iberoamericana Ciudad de México, Ciudad de México 01219, Mexico; (M.E.C.-H.); (F.M.); (J.M.-L.); (L.M.R.-S.); (A.T.-d.-J.)
| | - Luis Miguel Rodríguez-Serrano
- Laboratorio de Neurociencias, Departamento de Psicología, Universidad Iberoamericana Ciudad de México, Ciudad de México 01219, Mexico; (M.E.C.-H.); (F.M.); (J.M.-L.); (L.M.R.-S.); (A.T.-d.-J.)
- Laboratorio de Neurobiología de la Alimentación, Facultad de Estudios Superiores Iztacala, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Tlalnepantla 54090, Mexico
| | - Alejandro Tapia-de-Jesús
- Laboratorio de Neurociencias, Departamento de Psicología, Universidad Iberoamericana Ciudad de México, Ciudad de México 01219, Mexico; (M.E.C.-H.); (F.M.); (J.M.-L.); (L.M.R.-S.); (A.T.-d.-J.)
| | - Mario Humberto Buenrostro-Jáuregui
- Laboratorio de Neurociencias, Departamento de Psicología, Universidad Iberoamericana Ciudad de México, Ciudad de México 01219, Mexico; (M.E.C.-H.); (F.M.); (J.M.-L.); (L.M.R.-S.); (A.T.-d.-J.)
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Das A, Ranadive N, Kinra M, Nampoothiri M, Arora D, Mudgal J. An Overview on Chemotherapy-induced Cognitive Impairment and Potential Role of Antidepressants. Curr Neuropharmacol 2021; 18:838-851. [PMID: 32091339 PMCID: PMC7569321 DOI: 10.2174/1570159x18666200221113842] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/22/2019] [Revised: 12/09/2019] [Accepted: 02/05/2020] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Cognitive impairment is an adverse reaction of cancer chemotherapy and is likely to affect up to 75% of patients during the treatment and 35% of patients experience it for several months after the chemotherapy. Patients manifest symptoms like alteration in working ability, awareness, concentration, visual-verbal memory, attention, executive functions, processing speed, fatigue and behavioural dysfunctions. Post-chemotherapy, cancer survivors have a reduced quality of life due to the symptoms of chemobrain. Apart from this, there are clinical reports which also associate mood disorders, vascular complications, and seizures in some cases. Therefore, the quality of lifestyle of cancer patients/ survivors is severely affected and only worsens due to the absence of any efficacious treatments. With the increase in survivorship, it's vital to identify effective strategies, until then only symptomatic relief for chemobrain can be provided. The depressive symptoms were causally linked to the pathophysiological imbalance between the pro and antiinflammatory cytokines. CONCLUSION The common causative factor, cytokines can be targeted for the amelioration of an associated symptom of both depression and chemotherapy. Thus, antidepressants can have a beneficial effect on chemotherapy-induced inflammation and cognitive dysfunction via cytokine balance. Also, neurogenesis property of certain antidepressant drugs rationalises their evaluation against CICI. This review briefly glances upon chemotherapy-induced cognitive impairment (CICI), and the modulatory effect of antidepressants on CICI pathomechanisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ankit Das
- Department of Pharmacology, Manipal College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal 576104, Karnataka, India
| | - Niraja Ranadive
- Department of Pharmacology, Manipal College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal 576104, Karnataka, India
| | - Manas Kinra
- Department of Pharmacology, Manipal College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal 576104, Karnataka, India
| | - Madhavan Nampoothiri
- Department of Pharmacology, Manipal College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal 576104, Karnataka, India
| | - Devinder Arora
- Department of Pharmacology, Manipal College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal 576104, Karnataka, India.,School of Pharmacy and Pharmacology, MHIQ, QUM Network, Griffith University, Gold Coast, Australia
| | - Jayesh Mudgal
- Department of Pharmacology, Manipal College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal 576104, Karnataka, India
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Lew SY, Teoh SL, Lim SH, Lim LW, Wong KH. Discovering the Potentials of Medicinal Mushrooms in Combating Depression - A Review. Mini Rev Med Chem 2021; 20:1518-1531. [PMID: 32452327 DOI: 10.2174/1389557520666200526125534] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2020] [Revised: 03/23/2020] [Accepted: 03/23/2020] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
Abstract
Depression is the most common form of mental illness and the major cause of disability worldwide. Symptoms of depression, including feelings of intense sadness and hopelessness, may occur after a specific event or in response to a gradual decline in health and functional status, often associated with aging. Current therapies for treating these symptoms include antidepressant drugs, counseling and behavioral therapy. However, antidepressant drugs are associated with mild to severe adverse effects, which has prompted the need for better treatment options. Medicinal mushrooms are valuable sources of food and medicine and are increasingly being used as supplements or as alternative medicines in standard healthcare. Numerous studies have provided insights into the neuroprotective effects of medicinal mushrooms, which are attributed to their antioxidant, anti-neuroinflammatory, cholinesterase inhibitory and neuroprotective properties. In this review, we comprehensively examine the role of these medicinal mushrooms in the treatment of depression. However, to apply these natural products in clinical settings, the therapeutic agent needs to be properly evaluated, including the active ingredients, the presence of synergistic effects, efficient extraction methods, and stabilization of the active ingredients for delivery into the body as well as crossing the blood-brain barrier.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sze Yuen Lew
- Department of Anatomy, Faculty of Medicine, University of Malaya, 50603 Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Seong Lin Teoh
- Department of Anatomy, Faculty of Medicine, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia Medical Center, Jalan Yaacob Latif, Bandar Tun Razak, 56000 Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Siew Huah Lim
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, University of Malaya, 50603 Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Lee Wei Lim
- School of Biomedical Sciences, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Kah Hui Wong
- Department of Anatomy, Faculty of Medicine, University of Malaya, 50603 Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
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12
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Abstract
The review states that antidepressants (ADs) increase brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) transmission concomitantly in the brain and the blood: ADs increasing BDNF synthesis in specific areas of the central nervous system (CNS) could presumably affect megakaryocyte's production of platelets. ADs increase BDNF levels in the CNS and improve mood. In the blood, ADs increase BDNF release from platelets. The hypothesis presented here is that the release of BDNF from platelets contributes to the ADs effects on neurogenesis and on tumor growth in the cancer disease. Oncological studies indicate that chemicals ADs exert an aggravating effect on the cancer disease, possibly by promoting proplatelets formation and enhancing BDNF release from platelets in the tumor.
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Affiliation(s)
- Francis Lavergne
- Physiopathologie des maladies Psychiatriques, Institut de Psychiatrie et Neurosciences de Paris, UMR_S 1266 INSERM, Paris, France
| | - Therese M Jay
- Physiopathologie des maladies Psychiatriques, Institut de Psychiatrie et Neurosciences de Paris, UMR_S 1266 INSERM, Paris, France.,Faculté de Médecine Paris Descartes, Université Paris Descartes, Paris, France
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13
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K V A, Madhana RM, Bais AK, Singh VB, Malik A, Sinha S, Lahkar M, Kumar P, Samudrala PK. Cognitive Improvement by Vorinostat through Modulation of Endoplasmic Reticulum Stress in a Corticosterone-Induced Chronic Stress Model in Mice. ACS Chem Neurosci 2020; 11:2649-2657. [PMID: 32673474 DOI: 10.1021/acschemneuro.0c00315] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Chronic stress is the leading cause of memory impairment today. Various stress-based models are being developed for studying cognitive impairment. Repurposing of existing drugs in a new pharmacology class is the safest and cheapest option for treatment instead of new drug discovery. Vorinostat (VOR) is the first histone deacetylase (HDAC) inhibitor approved for the treatment of cutaneous T-cell lymphoma by the U.S. FDA. VOR follows the rule of five and is reported to cross the blood-brain barrier. Therefore, we aimed to evaluate the procognitive potential of VOR (25 mg/kg) administered by intraperitoneal (ip) route in a stress-based model of chronic corticosterone (CORT) injections (20 mg/kg, subcutaneously (sc)). The study comprised six groups. Normal mice were administered vehicle (VEH) (days 1-21, sc) in the first group, VOR (days 8-21, 25 mg/kg, ip) in the second group, and fluoxetine (FLX) (days 8-21, 15 mg/kg, oral) in the third group. Mice in the remaining three groups were given 20 mg/kg (sc) CORT for 21 days, and VOR (days 8-21, 25 mg/kg, ip) or FLX (days 8-21, 15 mg/kg, oral) was additionally administered to the treatment groups. Behavioral tests such as Morris water maze test, novel object recognition test, and object in place test were performed at the end of the dosing schedule to assess cognition. After behavior tests, mice were sacrificed, and hippocampus was separated from brain tissue for reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR), Western blot, and immunohistochemistry studies. VOR treatment attenuated endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress in CORT mice as evident from the reduction in DNA damage-inducible transcript 3 (Ddit3) (gene encoding CHOP), caspase 12 (Casp12), and calpain-2 (Capn2) mRNA levels, and cleaved caspase 3 (CASP3) protein expression. Bax inhibitor-1 (BI-1) was significantly increased in VOR-treated CORT mice. VOR also reversed CORT induced increase in HDAC2 level in the CA3 region. The protective effects of VOR were comparable to that of FLX in CORT mice. Thus, VOR has the potential to reverse cognitive dysfunction via modulation of ER stress markers and HDAC2.
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Affiliation(s)
- Athira K V
- Department of Pharmacology & Toxicology, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research (NIPER)-Guwahati, Mirza, Kamrup, 781125 Assam, India
- Department of Pharmacology, Amrita School of Pharmacy, Amrita Vishwa Vidyapeetham, AIMS Health Sciences Campus, Kochi, 682041 Kerala, India
| | - Rajaram Mohanrao Madhana
- Department of Pharmacology & Toxicology, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research (NIPER)-Guwahati, Mirza, Kamrup, 781125 Assam, India
| | - Akhilesh Kumar Bais
- Department of Pharmacology & Toxicology, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research (NIPER)-Guwahati, Mirza, Kamrup, 781125 Assam, India
| | - Vijay Bahadur Singh
- Department of Pharmacology & Toxicology, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research (NIPER)-Guwahati, Mirza, Kamrup, 781125 Assam, India
| | - Arpit Malik
- Department of Pharmacology & Toxicology, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research (NIPER)-Guwahati, Mirza, Kamrup, 781125 Assam, India
| | - Swapnil Sinha
- DST WOS-A Scientist, Department of Biotechnology, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research (NIPER)-Guwahati, Mirza, Kamrup, 781125 Assam, India
| | - Mangala Lahkar
- Department of Pharmacology, Gauhati Medical College, Guwahati, 781032 Assam, India
| | - Pramod Kumar
- Department of Pharmaceutical Analysis, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research (NIPER), Guwahati, 781125 Assam, India
| | - Pavan Kumar Samudrala
- Department of Pharmacology & Toxicology, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research (NIPER)-Guwahati, Mirza, Kamrup, 781125 Assam, India
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14
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Robertson OD, Coronado NG, Sethi R, Berk M, Dodd S. Putative neuroprotective pharmacotherapies to target the staged progression of mental illness. Early Interv Psychiatry 2019; 13:1032-1049. [PMID: 30690898 DOI: 10.1111/eip.12775] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2018] [Accepted: 12/26/2018] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
AIM Neuropsychiatric disorders including depression, bipolar and schizophrenia frequently exhibit a neuroprogressive course from prodrome to chronicity. There are a range of agents exhibiting capacity to attenuate biological mechanisms associated with neuroprogression. This review will update the evidence for putative neuroprotective agents including clinical efficacy, mechanisms of action and limitations in current assessment tools, and identify novel agents with neuroprotective potential. METHOD Data for this review were sourced from online databases PUBMED, Embase and Web of Science. Only data published since 2012 were included in this review, no data were excluded based on language or publication origin. RESULTS Each of the agents reviewed inhibit one or multiple pathways of neuroprogression including: inflammatory gene expression and cytokine release, oxidative and nitrosative stress, mitochondrial dysfunction, neurotrophin dysregulation and apoptotic signalling. Some demonstrate clinical efficacy in preventing neural damage or loss, relapse or cognitive/functional decline. Agents include: the psychotropic medications lithium, second generation antipsychotics and antidepressants; other pharmacological agents such as minocycline, aspirin, cyclooxygenase-2 inhibitors, statins, ketamine and alpha-2-delta ligands; and others such as erythropoietin, oestrogen, leptin, N-acetylcysteine, curcumin, melatonin and ebselen. CONCLUSIONS Signals of evidence of clinical neuroprotection are evident for a number of candidate agents. Adjunctive use of multiple agents may present a viable avenue to clinical realization of neuroprotection. Definitive prospective studies of neuroprotection with multimodal assessment tools are required.
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Affiliation(s)
- Oliver D Robertson
- IMPACT Strategic Research Centre, School of Medicine, Deakin University, Geelong, Victoria, Australia.,Mental Health, Drugs and Alcohol Services, University Hospital Geelong, Barwon Health, Geelong, Victoria, Australia
| | - Nieves G Coronado
- Unidad de Gestión Clinica Salud Mental, Hospital Universitario Virgen del Rocio, Sevilla, Spain
| | - Rickinder Sethi
- Department of Psychiatry, Western University, London, Ontario, Canada
| | - Michael Berk
- IMPACT Strategic Research Centre, School of Medicine, Deakin University, Geelong, Victoria, Australia.,Mental Health, Drugs and Alcohol Services, University Hospital Geelong, Barwon Health, Geelong, Victoria, Australia.,Department of Psychiatry, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria, Australia.,Mood Disorders Research Program, Orygen, the National Centre of Excellence in Youth Mental Health, Parkville, Victoria, Australia.,Department of Psychiatry, Florey Institute of Neuroscience and Mental Health, Parkville, Victoria, Australia
| | - Seetal Dodd
- IMPACT Strategic Research Centre, School of Medicine, Deakin University, Geelong, Victoria, Australia.,Mental Health, Drugs and Alcohol Services, University Hospital Geelong, Barwon Health, Geelong, Victoria, Australia.,Department of Psychiatry, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria, Australia.,Mood Disorders Research Program, Orygen, the National Centre of Excellence in Youth Mental Health, Parkville, Victoria, Australia
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15
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Neurodegeneration and Neuro-Regeneration-Alzheimer's Disease and Stem Cell Therapy. Int J Mol Sci 2019; 20:ijms20174272. [PMID: 31480448 PMCID: PMC6747457 DOI: 10.3390/ijms20174272] [Citation(s) in RCA: 73] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/23/2019] [Revised: 08/27/2019] [Accepted: 08/28/2019] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Aging causes many changes in the human body, and is a high risk for various diseases. Dementia, a common age-related disease, is a clinical disorder triggered by neurodegeneration. Brain damage caused by neuronal death leads to cognitive decline, memory loss, learning inabilities and mood changes. Numerous disease conditions may cause dementia; however, the most common one is Alzheimer’s disease (AD), a futile and yet untreatable illness. Adult neurogenesis carries the potential of brain self-repair by an endogenous formation of newly-born neurons in the adult brain; however it also declines with age. Strategies to improve the symptoms of aging and age-related diseases have included different means to stimulate neurogenesis, both pharmacologically and naturally. Finally, the regulatory mechanisms of stem cells neurogenesis or a functional integration of newborn neurons have been explored to provide the basis for grafted stem cell therapy. This review aims to provide an overview of AD pathology of different neural and glial cell types and summarizes current strategies of experimental stem cell treatments and their putative future use in clinical settings.
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16
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Liu PP, Xie Y, Meng XY, Kang JS. History and progress of hypotheses and clinical trials for Alzheimer's disease. Signal Transduct Target Ther 2019; 4:29. [PMID: 31637009 PMCID: PMC6799833 DOI: 10.1038/s41392-019-0063-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 332] [Impact Index Per Article: 66.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2019] [Revised: 07/07/2019] [Accepted: 07/17/2019] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Alzheimer's disease (AD) is a neurodegenerative disease characterized by progressive memory loss along with neuropsychiatric symptoms and a decline in activities of daily life. Its main pathological features are cerebral atrophy, amyloid plaques, and neurofibrillary tangles in the brains of patients. There are various descriptive hypotheses regarding the causes of AD, including the cholinergic hypothesis, amyloid hypothesis, tau propagation hypothesis, mitochondrial cascade hypothesis, calcium homeostasis hypothesis, neurovascular hypothesis, inflammatory hypothesis, metal ion hypothesis, and lymphatic system hypothesis. However, the ultimate etiology of AD remains obscure. In this review, we discuss the main hypotheses of AD and related clinical trials. Wealthy puzzles and lessons have made it possible to develop explanatory theories and identify potential strategies for therapeutic interventions for AD. The combination of hypometabolism and autophagy deficiency is likely to be a causative factor for AD. We further propose that fluoxetine, a selective serotonin reuptake inhibitor, has the potential to treat AD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pei-Pei Liu
- Clinical Systems Biology Laboratories, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450052 Henan China
| | - Yi Xie
- Clinical Systems Biology Laboratories, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450052 Henan China
| | - Xiao-Yan Meng
- Clinical Systems Biology Laboratories, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450052 Henan China
| | - Jian-Sheng Kang
- Clinical Systems Biology Laboratories, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450052 Henan China
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17
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Abstract
Selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors are among the most prescribed antidepressants. Fluoxetine is the lead molecule which exerts its therapeutic effects, at least in part, by promoting neuroplasticity through increased brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF)/tropomyosin-related receptor kinase B (TrkB) signalling. It is unclear however, to which extent the neuroplastic effects of fluoxetine are solely mediated by the inhibition of the serotonin transporter (5-HTT). To answer this question, the effects of fluoxetine on neuroplasticity were analysed in both wild type (WT) and 5-Htt knock-out (KO) mice. Using Western blotting and RT-qPCR approaches, we showed that fluoxetine 10 µM activated BDNF/TrkB signalling pathways in both CD1 and C57BL/6J mouse primary cortical neurons. Interestingly, effects on BDNF signalling were observed in primary cortical neurons from both 5-Htt WT and KO mice. In addition, a 3-week in vivo fluoxetine treatment (15 mg/kg/d; i.p.) increased the expression of plasticity genes in brains of both 5-Htt WT and KO mice, and tended to equally enhance hippocampal cell proliferation in both genotypes, without reaching significance. Our results further suggest that fluoxetine-induced neuroplasticity does not solely depend on 5-HTT blockade, but might rely, at least in part, on 5-HTT-independent direct activation of TrkB.
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18
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Alipour M, Nabavi SM, Arab L, Vosough M, Pakdaman H, Ehsani E, Shahpasand K. Stem cell therapy in Alzheimer's disease: possible benefits and limiting drawbacks. Mol Biol Rep 2018; 46:1425-1446. [PMID: 30565076 DOI: 10.1007/s11033-018-4499-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/05/2018] [Accepted: 11/13/2018] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Alzheimer's disease (AD) is the sixth leading cause of death globally and the main reason for dementia in elderly people. AD is a long-term and progressive neurodegenerative disorder that steadily worsens memory and communicating skills eventually leads to a disabled person of performing simple daily tasks. Unfortunately, numerous clinical trials exploring new therapeutic drugs have encountered disappointing outcomes in terms of improved cognitive performance since they are not capable of halting or stimulating the regeneration of already-damaged neural cells, and merely provide symptomatic relief. Therefore, a deeper understanding of the mechanism of action of stem cell may contribute to the development of novel and effective therapies. The revolutionary discovery of stem cells has cast a new hope for the development of disease-modifying treatments for AD, in terms of their potency in the replenishment of lost cells via differentiating towards specific lineages, stimulating in situ neurogenesis, and delivering the therapeutic agents to the brain. Herein, firstly, we explore the pathophysiology of AD. Next, we summarize the most recent preclinical stem cell reports designed for AD treatment, their benefits and outcomes according to cell type. We briefly review relevant clinical trials and their potential clinical applications in order to find a unique solution to effectively relieve the patients' pain.
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Affiliation(s)
- Masoume Alipour
- Department of Brain and Cognitive Sciences, Cell Science Research Center, Royan Institute for Stem Cell Biology and Technology, ACECR, Banihashem Sq., Banihashem St., Resalat highway, P.O. Box 19395-4644, Tehran, Iran
| | - Seyed Massood Nabavi
- Department of Brain and Cognitive Sciences, Cell Science Research Center, Royan Institute for Stem Cell Biology and Technology, ACECR, Banihashem Sq., Banihashem St., Resalat highway, P.O. Box 19395-4644, Tehran, Iran
| | - Leila Arab
- Department of Brain and Cognitive Sciences, Cell Science Research Center, Royan Institute for Stem Cell Biology and Technology, ACECR, Banihashem Sq., Banihashem St., Resalat highway, P.O. Box 19395-4644, Tehran, Iran
| | - Massoud Vosough
- Department of Stem Cells and Developmental Biology at Cell Science Research Center, Royan Institute for Stem Cell Biology and Technology, ACECR, Tehran, Iran
| | - Hossein Pakdaman
- Department of Neurology, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Ehsan Ehsani
- Department of Biology, Roudehen Branch, Islamic Azad University, Roudehen, Iran
| | - Koorosh Shahpasand
- Department of Brain and Cognitive Sciences, Cell Science Research Center, Royan Institute for Stem Cell Biology and Technology, ACECR, Banihashem Sq., Banihashem St., Resalat highway, P.O. Box 19395-4644, Tehran, Iran.
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19
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Umemori J, Winkel F, Didio G, Llach Pou M, Castrén E. iPlasticity: Induced juvenile-like plasticity in the adult brain as a mechanism of antidepressants. Psychiatry Clin Neurosci 2018; 72:633-653. [PMID: 29802758 PMCID: PMC6174980 DOI: 10.1111/pcn.12683] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 04/25/2018] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
The network hypothesis of depression proposes that mood disorders reflect problems in information processing within particular neural networks. Antidepressants (AD), including selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRI), function by gradually improving information processing within these networks. AD have been shown to induce a state of juvenile-like plasticity comparable to that observed during developmental critical periods: Such critical-period-like plasticity allows brain networks to better adapt to extrinsic and intrinsic signals. We have coined this drug-induced state of juvenile-like plasticity 'iPlasticity.' A combination of iPlasticity induced by chronic SSRI treatment together with training, rehabilitation, or psychotherapy improves symptoms of neuropsychiatric disorders and issues underlying the developmentally or genetically malfunctioning networks. We have proposed that iPlasticity might be a critical component of AD action. We have demonstrated that iPlasticity occurs in the visual cortex, fear erasure network, extinction of aggression caused by social isolation, and spatial reversal memory in rodent models. Chronic SSRI treatment is known to promote neurogenesis and to cause dematuration of granule cells in the dentate gyrus and of interneurons, especially parvalbumin interneurons enwrapped by perineuronal nets in the prefrontal cortex, visual cortex, and amygdala. Brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF), via its receptor tropomyosin kinase receptor B, is involved in the processes of synaptic plasticity, including neurogenesis, neuronal differentiation, weight of synapses, and gene regulation of synaptic formation. BDNF can be activated by both chronic SSRI treatment and neuronal activity. Accordingly, the BDNF/tropomyosin kinase receptor B pathway is critical for iPlasticity, but further analyses will be needed to provide mechanical insight into the processes of iPlasticity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juzoh Umemori
- Neuroscience Center, HiLIFEUniversity of HelsinkiHelsinkiFinland
| | - Frederike Winkel
- Neuroscience Center, HiLIFEUniversity of HelsinkiHelsinkiFinland
| | - Giuliano Didio
- Neuroscience Center, HiLIFEUniversity of HelsinkiHelsinkiFinland
| | - Maria Llach Pou
- Neuroscience Center, HiLIFEUniversity of HelsinkiHelsinkiFinland
| | - Eero Castrén
- Neuroscience Center, HiLIFEUniversity of HelsinkiHelsinkiFinland
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20
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The antidepressant fluoxetine acts on energy balance and leptin sensitivity via BDNF. Sci Rep 2018; 8:1781. [PMID: 29379096 PMCID: PMC5789051 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-018-19886-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2017] [Accepted: 01/08/2018] [Indexed: 01/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Leptin and Brain Derived Neurotrophic Factor (BDNF) pathways are critical players in body weight homeostasis. Noninvasive treatments like environmental stimulation are able to increase response to leptin and induce BDNF expression in the brain. Emerging evidences point to the antidepressant selective serotonin reuptake inhibitor Fluoxetine (FLX) as a drug with effects similar to environmental stimulation. FLX is known to impact on body weight, with mechanisms yet to be elucidated. We herein asked whether FLX affects energy balance, the leptin system and BDNF function. Adult lean male mice chronically treated with FLX showed reduced weight gain, higher energy expenditure, increased sensitivity to acute leptin, increased hypothalamic BDNF expression, associated to changes in white adipose tissue expression typical of “brownization”. In the Ntrk2tm1Ddg/J model, carrying a mutation in the BDNF receptor Tyrosine kinase B (TrkB), these effects are partially or totally reversed. Wild type obese mice treated with FLX showed reduced weight gain, increased energy output, and differently from untreated obese mice, a preserved acute response to leptin in terms of activation of the intracellular leptin transducer STAT3. In conclusion, FLX impacts on energy balance and induces leptin sensitivity and an intact TrkB function is required for these effects to take place.
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21
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Numakawa T, Odaka H, Adachi N. Actions of Brain-Derived Neurotrophic Factor and Glucocorticoid Stress in Neurogenesis. Int J Mol Sci 2017; 18:ijms18112312. [PMID: 29099059 PMCID: PMC5713281 DOI: 10.3390/ijms18112312] [Citation(s) in RCA: 85] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/06/2017] [Revised: 10/30/2017] [Accepted: 10/31/2017] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Altered neurogenesis is suggested to be involved in the onset of brain diseases, including mental disorders and neurodegenerative diseases. Neurotrophic factors are well known for their positive effects on the proliferation/differentiation of both embryonic and adult neural stem/progenitor cells (NSCs/NPCs). Especially, brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) has been extensively investigated because of its roles in the differentiation/maturation of NSCs/NPCs. On the other hand, recent evidence indicates a negative impact of the stress hormone glucocorticoids (GCs) on the cell fate of NSCs/NPCs, which is also related to the pathophysiology of brain diseases, such as depression and autism spectrum disorder. Furthermore, studies including ours have demonstrated functional interactions between neurotrophic factors and GCs in neural events, including neurogenesis. In this review, we show and discuss relationships among the behaviors of NSCs/NPCs, BDNF, and GCs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tadahiro Numakawa
- Department of Cell Modulation, Institute of Molecular Embryology and Genetics, Kumamoto University, Kumamoto 860-8555, Japan.
- Department of Mental Disorder Research, National Institute of Neuroscience, National Center of Neurology and Psychiatry (NCNP), Tokyo 187-8551, Japan.
| | - Haruki Odaka
- Department of Cell Modulation, Institute of Molecular Embryology and Genetics, Kumamoto University, Kumamoto 860-8555, Japan.
- Department of Life Science and Medical Bioscience, School of Advanced Science and Engineering, Waseda University, Tokyo 169-8050, Japan.
| | - Naoki Adachi
- Department of Biomedical Chemistry, School of Science and Technology, Kwansei Gakuin University, Sanda City, Hyogo 662-8501, Japan.
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22
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Morales-García JA, de la Fuente Revenga M, Alonso-Gil S, Rodríguez-Franco MI, Feilding A, Perez-Castillo A, Riba J. The alkaloids of Banisteriopsis caapi, the plant source of the Amazonian hallucinogen Ayahuasca, stimulate adult neurogenesis in vitro. Sci Rep 2017; 7:5309. [PMID: 28706205 PMCID: PMC5509699 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-017-05407-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 87] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2017] [Accepted: 06/07/2017] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Banisteriopsis caapi is the basic ingredient of ayahuasca, a psychotropic plant tea used in the Amazon for ritual and medicinal purposes, and by interested individuals worldwide. Animal studies and recent clinical research suggests that B. caapi preparations show antidepressant activity, a therapeutic effect that has been linked to hippocampal neurogenesis. Here we report that harmine, tetrahydroharmine and harmaline, the three main alkaloids present in B. caapi, and the harmine metabolite harmol, stimulate adult neurogenesis in vitro. In neurospheres prepared from progenitor cells obtained from the subventricular and the subgranular zones of adult mice brains, all compounds stimulated neural stem cell proliferation, migration, and differentiation into adult neurons. These findings suggest that modulation of brain plasticity could be a major contribution to the antidepressant effects of ayahuasca. They also expand the potential application of B. caapi alkaloids to other brain disorders that may benefit from stimulation of endogenous neural precursor niches.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jose A Morales-García
- Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas (CSIC-UAM), Arturo Duperier 4, 28029, Madrid, Spain.,Center for Networked Biomedical Research on Neurodegenerative Diseases (CIBERNED), 28031, Madrid, Spain.,Departamento de Biología Celular, Facultad de Medicina, UCM, Plaza Ramón y Cajal s/n, 28040, Madrid, Spain
| | - Mario de la Fuente Revenga
- Human Neuropsychopharmacology Research Group. Sant Pau Institute of Biomedical Research (IIB-Sant Pau). Sant Antoni María Claret, 167. 08025, Barcelona, Spain.,Instituto de Química Médica (IQM-CSIC), Juan de la Cierva 3, 28006, Madrid, Spain.,MFR currently at: Department of Physiology and Biophysics, Virginia Commonwealth University School of Medicine, Richmond, VA, 23298, USA
| | - Sandra Alonso-Gil
- Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas (CSIC-UAM), Arturo Duperier 4, 28029, Madrid, Spain.,Center for Networked Biomedical Research on Neurodegenerative Diseases (CIBERNED), 28031, Madrid, Spain
| | | | - Amanda Feilding
- The Beckley Foundation, Beckley Park, Oxford, OX3 9SY, United Kingdom
| | - Ana Perez-Castillo
- Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas (CSIC-UAM), Arturo Duperier 4, 28029, Madrid, Spain. .,Center for Networked Biomedical Research on Neurodegenerative Diseases (CIBERNED), 28031, Madrid, Spain.
| | - Jordi Riba
- Human Neuropsychopharmacology Research Group. Sant Pau Institute of Biomedical Research (IIB-Sant Pau). Sant Antoni María Claret, 167. 08025, Barcelona, Spain. .,Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Salud Mental, CIBERSAM, Planta, 028029, Madrid, Spain.
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23
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Dakic V, Maciel RDM, Drummond H, Nascimento JM, Trindade P, Rehen SK. Harmine stimulates proliferation of human neural progenitors. PeerJ 2016; 4:e2727. [PMID: 27957390 PMCID: PMC5144684 DOI: 10.7717/peerj.2727] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/27/2016] [Accepted: 10/27/2016] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Harmine is the β-carboline alkaloid with the highest concentration in the psychotropic plant decoction Ayahuasca. In rodents, classical antidepressants reverse the symptoms of depression by stimulating neuronal proliferation. It has been shown that Ayahuasca presents antidepressant effects in patients with depressive disorder. In the present study, we investigated the effects of harmine in cell cultures containing human neural progenitor cells (hNPCs, 97% nestin-positive) derived from pluripotent stem cells. After 4 days of treatment, the pool of proliferating hNPCs increased by 71.5%. Harmine has been reported as a potent inhibitor of the dual specificity tyrosine-phosphorylation-regulated kinase (DYRK1A), which regulates cell proliferation and brain development. We tested the effect of analogs of harmine, an inhibitor of DYRK1A (INDY), and an irreversible selective inhibitor of monoamine oxidase (MAO) but not DYRK1A (pargyline). INDY but not pargyline induced proliferation of hNPCs similarly to harmine, suggesting that inhibition of DYRK1A is a possible mechanism to explain harmine effects upon the proliferation of hNPCs. Our findings show that harmine enhances proliferation of hNPCs and suggest that inhibition of DYRK1A may explain its effects upon proliferation in vitro and antidepressant effects in vivo.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vanja Dakic
- IDOR, D'Or Institute for Research and Education, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil; Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil
| | | | - Hannah Drummond
- IDOR, D'Or Institute for Research and Education, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil; Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil
| | - Juliana M Nascimento
- IDOR, D'Or Institute for Research and Education, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil; Department of Biochemistry and Tissue Biology/Institute of Biology, State University of Campinas (UNICAMP), Campinas, SP, Brazil
| | - Pablo Trindade
- IDOR, D'Or Institute for Research and Education , Rio de Janeiro , RJ , Brazil
| | - Stevens K Rehen
- IDOR, D'Or Institute for Research and Education, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil; Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil
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Tang M, Zhang M, Cai H, Li H, Jiang P, Dang R, Liu Y, He X, Xue Y, Cao L, Wu Y. Maternal diet of polyunsaturated fatty acid altered the cell proliferation in the dentate gyrus of hippocampus and influenced glutamatergic and serotoninergic systems of neonatal female rats. Lipids Health Dis 2016; 15:71. [PMID: 27048382 PMCID: PMC4822267 DOI: 10.1186/s12944-016-0236-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/18/2016] [Accepted: 03/29/2016] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Long-chain polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs) are major components of the phospholipids that forming the cell membrane. Insufficient availability of PUFAs during prenatal period decreases accretion of docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) in the developing brain. DHA deficiency is associated with impaired attention and cognition, and would precipitate psychiatric symptoms. However, clinical studies on the potential benefits of dietary DHA supplementation to neural development have yielded conflicting results. Methods To further investigate the neurochemical influence of maternal PUFAs levels, we assessed the functioning of various neurotransmitter systems including glutamatergic, dopaminergic, norepinephrinergic and serotoninergic systems in the brain of neonatal female rats by HPLC-MS/MS. Meanwhile, the cell proliferation of neonatal rats was investigated using immunefluorescence. Results Different maternal n-3 PUFAs dietary influenced the FA composition, cell proliferation in the dentate gyrus of hippocampus and the contents of γ-aminobutyric acid (GABA), glutamine (GLN), dopamine (DA) and its metabolites [3,4- dihydroxyphenyl acetic acid (DOPAC) and homovanillic acid (HVA)], norepinephrine (NE), vanilmandelic acid (VMA) and 5-HT turnover in the brain of neonatal rats. However, the mRNA expression of key synthase of neurotransmitters remains stable. Conclusions Our study showed that maternal deficiency of n-3 PUFAs might play an important role in central nervous system of neonatal female rats mainly through impairing the normal neurogenesis and influencing glutamatergic system and 5-HT turnover. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (doi:10.1186/s12944-016-0236-1) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mimi Tang
- Institute of Clinical Pharmacy & Pharmacology, Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, 410011, PR China.,School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Min Zhang
- Institute of Clinical Pharmacy & Pharmacology, Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, 410011, PR China.,School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Hualin Cai
- Institute of Clinical Pharmacy & Pharmacology, Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, 410011, PR China
| | - Huande Li
- Institute of Clinical Pharmacy & Pharmacology, Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, 410011, PR China.
| | - Pei Jiang
- Institute of Clinical Pharmacy, Jining First People's Hospital, Jining Medical University, Jining, 272000, PR China
| | - Ruili Dang
- Institute of Clinical Pharmacy, Jining First People's Hospital, Jining Medical University, Jining, 272000, PR China
| | - Yiping Liu
- Institute of Clinical Pharmacy & Pharmacology, Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, 410011, PR China
| | - Xin He
- Institute of Clinical Pharmacy & Pharmacology, Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, 410011, PR China.,School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Ying Xue
- Institute of Clinical Pharmacy & Pharmacology, Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, 410011, PR China.,School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Lingjuan Cao
- Institute of Clinical Pharmacy & Pharmacology, Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, 410011, PR China.,School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Yanqin Wu
- Institute of Clinical Pharmacy & Pharmacology, Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, 410011, PR China.,School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Central South University, Changsha, China
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Ramos-Languren LE, González-Piña R, Montes S, Chávez-García N, Ávila-Luna A, Barón-Flores V, Ríos C. Sensorimotor recovery from cortical injury is accompanied by changes on norepinephrine and serotonin levels in the dentate gyrus and pons. Behav Brain Res 2015; 297:297-306. [PMID: 26454240 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbr.2015.10.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/06/2015] [Revised: 10/02/2015] [Accepted: 10/03/2015] [Indexed: 01/16/2023]
Abstract
Monoamines such as norepinephrine (NE) and serotonin (5-HT) have shown to play an important role in motor recovery after brain injury. The effects elicited by these neurotransmitters have been reported as distal from the area directly affected. Remote changes may take place over minutes to weeks and play an important role in post-stroke recovery. However, the mechanisms involved in spontaneous recovery have not been thoroughly delineated. Therefore, we determined the NE and 5-HT content, in the pons and hippocampal dentate gyrus (DG) as well as motor deficit and spontaneous activity in rats after 3, 10 and 20 days cortical iron injection. Three days post-lesion the pontine NE content diminished, this effect was accompanied by deficient spontaneous activity and impaired sensorimotor evaluation. Ten and twenty days after lesion the NE levels were similar to those of control group, and animals also showed behavioral recovery. Monoamines content on DG 3 days post-lesion showed no differences as compared to controls. Interestingly, ten and twenty days after cortical injury, animals showed increased NE and 5-HT. These results suggest that behavioral recovery after brain damage involve changes on monoamines levels on DG, an important structure to plastic processes. In addition, the results herein support evidence to propose these neurotransmitters as key molecules to functional recovery in the central nervous system.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laura E Ramos-Languren
- Depto. de Neuroquímica, Instituto Nacional de Neurología y Neurocirugía, MVS, SSA, Mexico City, Mexico; Maestría en Ciencias Farmacéuticas, Universidad Autónoma Metropolitana, Unidad Xochimilco, Mexico City, Mexico; Laboratorio de Neuroplasticidad, División de Neurociencias, Torre de Investigación, Instituto Nacional de Rehabilitacion, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Rigoberto González-Piña
- Laboratorio de Neuroplasticidad, División de Neurociencias, Torre de Investigación, Instituto Nacional de Rehabilitacion, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Sergio Montes
- Depto. de Neuroquímica, Instituto Nacional de Neurología y Neurocirugía, MVS, SSA, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Norma Chávez-García
- Depto. de Neuroquímica, Instituto Nacional de Neurología y Neurocirugía, MVS, SSA, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Alberto Ávila-Luna
- Laboratorio de Neuroplasticidad, División de Neurociencias, Torre de Investigación, Instituto Nacional de Rehabilitacion, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Verónica Barón-Flores
- Neurofarmalogía Molecular, Departamento de Sistemas Biológicos, Universidad Autónoma Metropolitana, Unidad Xochimilco, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Camilo Ríos
- Depto. de Neuroquímica, Instituto Nacional de Neurología y Neurocirugía, MVS, SSA, Mexico City, Mexico; Maestría en Ciencias Farmacéuticas, Universidad Autónoma Metropolitana, Unidad Xochimilco, Mexico City, Mexico; Neurofarmalogía Molecular, Departamento de Sistemas Biológicos, Universidad Autónoma Metropolitana, Unidad Xochimilco, Mexico City, Mexico.
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