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Truong-Bolduc QC, Wang Y, Lawton BG, Brown Harding H, Yonker LM, Vyas JM, Hooper DC. Phenazine-1 carboxylic acid of Pseudomonas aeruginosa induces the expression of Staphylococcus aureus Tet38 MDR efflux pump and mediates resistance to phenazines and antibiotics. Antimicrob Agents Chemother 2024; 68:e0063624. [PMID: 39028191 PMCID: PMC11304736 DOI: 10.1128/aac.00636-24] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2024] [Accepted: 06/26/2024] [Indexed: 07/20/2024] Open
Abstract
In this study, we showed that phenazine-1 carboxylic acid (PCA) of Pseudomonas aeruginosa induced the expression of Tet38 efflux pump triggering Staphylococcus aureus resistance to tetracycline and phenazines. Exposure of S. aureus RN6390 to supernatants of P. aeruginosa PA14 and its pyocyanin (PYO)-deficient mutants showed that P. aeruginosa non-PYO phenazines could induce the expression of Tet38 efflux pump. Direct exposure of RN6390 to PCA compound at 0.25× MIC led to a five-fold increase in tet38 transcripts. Expression of Tet38 protein was identified through confocal microscopy using RN6390(pRN-tet38p-yfp) that expressed YFP under control of the tet38 promoter by PCA at 0.25× MIC. The MICs of PCA of a Tet38-overexpressor and a Δtet38 mutant showed a three-fold increase and a two-fold decrease, respectively, compared with that of wild-type. Pre-exposure of RN6390 to PCA (0.25× MIC) for 1 hour prior to addition of tetracycline (1× or 10× MIC) improved bacteria viability of 1.5-fold and 2.6-fold, respectively, but addition of NaCl 7% together with tetracycline at 10× MIC reduced the number of viable PCA-exposed RN6390 of a 2.0-log10 CFU/mL. The transcript levels of tetR21, a repressor of tet38, decreased and increased two-fold in the presence of PCA and NaCl, respectively, suggesting that the effects of PCA and NaCl on tet38 production occurred through TetR21 expression. These data suggest that PCA-induced Tet38 protects S. aureus against tetracycline during coinfection with P. aeruginosa; however, induced tet38-mediated S. aureus resistance to tetracycline is reversed by NaCl 7%, a nebulized treatment used to enhance sputum mobilization in CF patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Q. C. Truong-Bolduc
- Infectious Diseases Division and Medical Services, Department of Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Y. Wang
- Infectious Diseases Division and Medical Services, Department of Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - B. G. Lawton
- Department of Pediatrics, Cystic Fibrosis Center, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - H. Brown Harding
- Infectious Diseases Division and Medical Services, Department of Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
- Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, Massachusetts, USA
| | - L. M. Yonker
- Department of Pediatrics, Cystic Fibrosis Center, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - J. M. Vyas
- Infectious Diseases Division and Medical Services, Department of Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
- Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, Massachusetts, USA
| | - D. C. Hooper
- Infectious Diseases Division and Medical Services, Department of Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
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2
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Razaviamri F, Singh S, Manuel J, Zhang Z, Manchester LM, Heldt CL, Lee BP. Utilizing Rapid Hydrogen Peroxide Generation from 6-Hydroxycatechol to Design Moisture-Activated, Self-Disinfecting Coating. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2024; 16:26998-27010. [PMID: 38748642 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.4c00213] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/30/2024]
Abstract
A coating that can be activated by moisture found in respiratory droplets could be a convenient and effective way to control the spread of airborne pathogens and reduce fomite transmission. Here, the ability of a novel 6-hydroxycatechol-containing polymer to function as a self-disinfecting coating on the surface of polypropylene (PP) fabric was explored. Catechol is the main adhesive molecule found in mussel adhesive proteins. Molecular oxygen found in an aqueous solution can oxidize catechol and generate a known disinfectant, hydrogen peroxide (H2O2), as a byproduct. However, given the limited amount of moisture found in respiratory droplets, there is a need to enhance the rate of catechol autoxidation to generate antipathogenic levels of H2O2. 6-Hydroxycatechol contains an electron donating hydroxyl group on the 6-position of the benzene ring, which makes catechol more susceptible to autoxidation. 6-Hydroxycatechol-coated PP generated over 3000 μM of H2O2 within 1 h when hydrated with a small amount of aqueous solution (100 μL of PBS). The generated H2O2 was three orders of magnitude higher when compared to the amount generated by unmodified catechol. 6-Hydroxycatechol-containing coating demonstrated a more effective antimicrobial effect against both Gram-positive (Staphylococcus aureus and Staphylococcus epidermidis) and Gram-negative (Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Escherichia coli) bacteria when compared to unmodified catechol. Similarly, the self-disinfecting coating reduced the infectivity of both bovine viral diarrhea virus and human coronavirus 229E by as much as a 2.5 log reduction value (a 99.7% reduction in viral load). Coatings containing unmodified catechol did not generate sufficient H2O2 to demonstrate significant virucidal effects. 6-Hydroxycatechol-containing coating can potentially function as a self-disinfecting coating that can be activated by the moisture present in respiratory droplets to generate H2O2 for disinfecting a broad range of pathogens.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fatemeh Razaviamri
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Michigan Technological University, Houghton, Michigan 49931, United States
| | - Sneha Singh
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Michigan Technological University, Houghton, Michigan 49931, United States
| | - James Manuel
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Michigan Technological University, Houghton, Michigan 49931, United States
| | - Zhongtian Zhang
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Michigan Technological University, Houghton, Michigan 49931, United States
| | - Lynn M Manchester
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Michigan Technological University, Houghton, Michigan 49931, United States
| | - Caryn L Heldt
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Michigan Technological University, Houghton, Michigan 49931, United States
| | - Bruce P Lee
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Michigan Technological University, Houghton, Michigan 49931, United States
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Neff SL, Hampton TH, Koeppen K, Sarkar S, Latario CJ, Ross BD, Stanton BA. Rocket-miR, a translational launchpad for miRNA-based antimicrobial drug development. mSystems 2023; 8:e0065323. [PMID: 37975659 PMCID: PMC10734502 DOI: 10.1128/msystems.00653-23] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2023] [Accepted: 10/06/2023] [Indexed: 11/19/2023] Open
Abstract
IMPORTANCE Antimicrobial-resistant infections contribute to millions of deaths worldwide every year. In particular, the group of bacteria collectively known as ESKAPE (Enterococcus faecium, Staphylococcus aureus, Klebsiella pneumoniae, Acinetobacter baumannii, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, and Enterobacter sp.) pathogens are of considerable medical concern due to their virulence and exceptional ability to develop antibiotic resistance. New kinds of antimicrobial therapies are urgently needed to treat patients for whom existing antibiotics are ineffective. The Rocket-miR application predicts targets of human miRNAs in bacterial and fungal pathogens, rapidly identifying candidate miRNA-based antimicrobials. The application's target audience are microbiologists that have the laboratory resources to test the application's predictions. The Rocket-miR application currently supports 24 recognized human pathogens that are relevant to numerous diseases including cystic fibrosis, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), urinary tract infections, and pneumonia. Furthermore, the application code was designed to be easily extendible to other human pathogens that commonly cause hospital-acquired infections.
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Affiliation(s)
- Samuel L. Neff
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Geisel School of Medicine, Dartmouth College, Hanover, New Hampshire, USA
| | - Thomas H. Hampton
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Geisel School of Medicine, Dartmouth College, Hanover, New Hampshire, USA
| | - Katja Koeppen
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Geisel School of Medicine, Dartmouth College, Hanover, New Hampshire, USA
| | - Sharanya Sarkar
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Geisel School of Medicine, Dartmouth College, Hanover, New Hampshire, USA
| | - Casey J. Latario
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Geisel School of Medicine, Dartmouth College, Hanover, New Hampshire, USA
| | - Benjamin D. Ross
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Geisel School of Medicine, Dartmouth College, Hanover, New Hampshire, USA
| | - Bruce A. Stanton
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Geisel School of Medicine, Dartmouth College, Hanover, New Hampshire, USA
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Rodgers AM, Lindsay J, Monahan A, Dubois AV, Faniyi AA, Plant BJ, Mall MA, Ekkelenkamp MB, Elborn S, Ingram RJ. Biologically Relevant Murine Models of Chronic Pseudomonas aeruginosa Respiratory Infection. Pathogens 2023; 12:1053. [PMID: 37624013 PMCID: PMC10458525 DOI: 10.3390/pathogens12081053] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/03/2023] [Revised: 08/09/2023] [Accepted: 08/14/2023] [Indexed: 08/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Pseudomonas aeruginosa (P. aeruginosa) is an opportunistic pathogen and the leading cause of infection in patients with cystic fibrosis (CF). The ability of P. aeruginosa to evade host responses and develop into chronic infection causes significant morbidity and mortality. Several mouse models have been developed to study chronic respiratory infections induced by P. aeruginosa, with the bead agar model being the most widely used. However, this model has several limitations, including the requirement for surgical procedures and high mortality rates. Herein, we describe novel and adapted biologically relevant models of chronic lung infection caused by P. aeruginosa. Three methods are described: a clinical isolate infection model, utilising isolates obtained from patients with CF; an incomplete antibiotic clearance model, leading to bacterial bounce-back; and the establishment of chronic infection; and an adapted water bottle chronic infection model. These models circumvent the requirement for a surgical procedure and, importantly, can be induced with clinical isolates of P. aeruginosa and in wild-type mice. We also demonstrate successful induction of chronic infection in the transgenic βENaC murine model of CF. We envisage that the models described will facilitate the investigations of host and microbial factors, and the efficacy of novel antimicrobials, during chronic P. aeruginosa respiratory infections.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aoife M. Rodgers
- Wellcome-Wolfson Institute of Experimental Medicine, Queen’s University Belfast, Belfast BT7 1NN, UK (S.E.)
| | - Jaime Lindsay
- Wellcome-Wolfson Institute of Experimental Medicine, Queen’s University Belfast, Belfast BT7 1NN, UK (S.E.)
| | - Avril Monahan
- Wellcome-Wolfson Institute of Experimental Medicine, Queen’s University Belfast, Belfast BT7 1NN, UK (S.E.)
| | - Alice V. Dubois
- Wellcome-Wolfson Institute of Experimental Medicine, Queen’s University Belfast, Belfast BT7 1NN, UK (S.E.)
| | - Aduragbemi A. Faniyi
- Wellcome-Wolfson Institute of Experimental Medicine, Queen’s University Belfast, Belfast BT7 1NN, UK (S.E.)
| | - Barry J. Plant
- Cork Centre for Cystic Fibrosis (3CF), Cork University Hospital, University College Cork, T12 E8YV Cork, Ireland
- The HRB Funded Clinical Research Facility, University College Cork, T12 E8YV Cork, Ireland
| | - Marcus A. Mall
- Department of Pediatric Respiratory Medicine, Immunology and Critical Care Medicine, Charité—University of Medicine Berlin, 10117 Berlin, Germany
- German Center for Lung Research (DZL), 10117 Berlin, Germany
- Berlin Institute of Health at Charité—University of Medicine Berlin, 10117 Berlin, Germany
| | - Miquel B. Ekkelenkamp
- Department of Medical Microbiology, University Medical Center Utrecht, 3584 CX Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Stuart Elborn
- Wellcome-Wolfson Institute of Experimental Medicine, Queen’s University Belfast, Belfast BT7 1NN, UK (S.E.)
| | - Rebecca J. Ingram
- Wellcome-Wolfson Institute of Experimental Medicine, Queen’s University Belfast, Belfast BT7 1NN, UK (S.E.)
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Reyne N, McCarron A, Cmielewski P, Parsons D, Donnelley M. To bead or not to bead: A review of Pseudomonas aeruginosa lung infection models for cystic fibrosis. Front Physiol 2023; 14:1104856. [PMID: 36824474 PMCID: PMC9942929 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2023.1104856] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2022] [Accepted: 01/25/2023] [Indexed: 02/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Cystic fibrosis (CF) lung disease is characterised by recurring bacterial infections resulting in inflammation, lung damage and ultimately respiratory failure. Pseudomonas aeruginosa is considered one of the most important lung pathogens in those with cystic fibrosis. While multiple cystic fibrosis animal models have been developed, many fail to mirror the cystic fibrosis lung disease of humans, including the colonisation by opportunistic environmental pathogens. Delivering bacteria to the lungs of animals in different forms is a way to model cystic fibrosis bacterial lung infections and disease. This review presents an overview of previous models, and factors to consider when generating a new P. aeruginosa lung infection model. The future development and application of lung infection models that more accurately reflect human cystic fibrosis lung disease has the potential to assist in understanding the pathophysiology of cystic fibrosis lung disease and for developing treatments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nicole Reyne
- Robinson Research Institute, University of Adelaide, Adelaide, SA, Australia,Adelaide Medical School, University of Adelaide, Adelaide, SA, Australia,Respiratory and Sleep Medicine, Women’s and Children’s Hospital, North Adelaide, SA, Australia,*Correspondence: Nicole Reyne,
| | - Alexandra McCarron
- Robinson Research Institute, University of Adelaide, Adelaide, SA, Australia,Adelaide Medical School, University of Adelaide, Adelaide, SA, Australia,Respiratory and Sleep Medicine, Women’s and Children’s Hospital, North Adelaide, SA, Australia
| | - Patricia Cmielewski
- Robinson Research Institute, University of Adelaide, Adelaide, SA, Australia,Adelaide Medical School, University of Adelaide, Adelaide, SA, Australia,Respiratory and Sleep Medicine, Women’s and Children’s Hospital, North Adelaide, SA, Australia
| | - David Parsons
- Robinson Research Institute, University of Adelaide, Adelaide, SA, Australia,Adelaide Medical School, University of Adelaide, Adelaide, SA, Australia,Respiratory and Sleep Medicine, Women’s and Children’s Hospital, North Adelaide, SA, Australia
| | - Martin Donnelley
- Robinson Research Institute, University of Adelaide, Adelaide, SA, Australia,Adelaide Medical School, University of Adelaide, Adelaide, SA, Australia,Respiratory and Sleep Medicine, Women’s and Children’s Hospital, North Adelaide, SA, Australia
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Livraghi-Butrico A, Franklin TB, Wolfgang MC. The rat takes the cheese: a novel model of CFTR-dependent chronic bacterial airway infection. Eur Respir J 2022. [DOI: 10.1183/13993003.00832-2022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
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7
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Alipanah H, Abdollahi A, Firooziyan S, Zarenezhad E, Jafari M, Osanloo M. Nanoemulsion and Nanogel Containing Eucalyptus globulus Essential Oil; Larvicidal Activity and Antibacterial Properties. Interdiscip Perspect Infect Dis 2022; 2022:1616149. [PMID: 36092391 PMCID: PMC9453008 DOI: 10.1155/2022/1616149] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2022] [Revised: 07/28/2022] [Accepted: 08/18/2022] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Eucalyptus globulus essential oil (EGEO) possesses many biological effects such as antibacterial, antifungal, and insecticide properties. In the current study, the chemical composition of EGEO was first investigated using GC-MS analysis. Then, a nanoemulsion and nanogel containing EGEO (EGEO-nanoemulsion and EGEO-nanogel) were prepared. After that, the successful loading of EGEO was confirmed using ATR-FTIR analysis. EGEO-nanoemulsion and EGEO-nanogel with LC50 values of 27 and 32 μg/mL showed promising efficacies against Anopheles stephensi larvae. Besides, the efficacy of EGEO-nanogel (IC50 187 μg/mL) was significantly more potent than EGEO-nanoemulsion (IC50 3732 μg/mL) against Staphylococcus aureus. However, no significant difference was observed in the efficacy of EGEO-nanoemulsion and EGEO-nanogel against Pseudomonas aeruginosa. Natural components, straightforward preparation, and proper efficacy are some of the advantages of EGEO-nanogel; it could be considered for further consideration against other pathogens and mosquito larvae.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hiva Alipanah
- Department of Physiology, School of Medicine, Fasa University of Medical Sciences, Fasa, Iran
| | - Abbas Abdollahi
- Department of Microbiology, School of Medicine, Fasa University of Medical Sciences, Fasa, Iran
| | - Samira Firooziyan
- Urmia Health Center, Disease Control Unit, Urmia University of Medical Sciences, Urmia, Iran
| | - Elham Zarenezhad
- Noncommunicable Disease Research Center, Fasa University of Medical Sciences, Fasa, Iran
| | - Mojtaba Jafari
- Student Research Center Committee, Fasa University of Medical Sciences, Fasa, Iran
| | - Mahmoud Osanloo
- Department of Medical Nanotechnology, School of Advanced Technologies in Medicine, Fasa University of Medical Sciences, Fasa, Iran
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8
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Exploring the Role of Staphylococcus aureus in Inflammatory Diseases. Toxins (Basel) 2022; 14:toxins14070464. [PMID: 35878202 PMCID: PMC9318596 DOI: 10.3390/toxins14070464] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 20.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/29/2022] [Revised: 06/23/2022] [Accepted: 07/01/2022] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Staphylococcus aureus is a very common Gram-positive bacterium, and S. aureus infections play an extremely important role in a variety of diseases. This paper describes the types of virulence factors involved, the inflammatory cells activated, the process of host cell death, and the associated diseases caused by S. aureus. S. aureus can secrete a variety of enterotoxins and other toxins to trigger inflammatory responses and activate inflammatory cells, such as keratinocytes, helper T cells, innate lymphoid cells, macrophages, dendritic cells, mast cells, neutrophils, eosinophils, and basophils. Activated inflammatory cells can express various cytokines and induce an inflammatory response. S. aureus can also induce host cell death through pyroptosis, apoptosis, necroptosis, autophagy, etc. This article discusses S. aureus and MRSA (methicillin-resistant S. aureus) in atopic dermatitis, psoriasis, pulmonary cystic fibrosis, allergic asthma, food poisoning, sarcoidosis, multiple sclerosis, and osteomyelitis. Summarizing the pathogenic mechanism of Staphylococcus aureus provides a basis for the targeted treatment of Staphylococcus aureus infection.
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Kalelkar PP, Moustafa DA, Riddick M, Goldberg JB, McCarty NA, García AJ. Bacteriophage-Loaded Poly(lactic-co-glycolic acid) Microparticles Mitigate Staphylococcus aureus Infection and Cocultures of Staphylococcus aureus and Pseudomonas aeruginosa. Adv Healthc Mater 2022; 11:e2102539. [PMID: 34957709 PMCID: PMC9117426 DOI: 10.1002/adhm.202102539] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/20/2021] [Revised: 12/17/2021] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Abstract
Lung infections caused by Gram-positive Staphylococcus aureus (S. aureus) and coinfections caused by S. aureus and Gram-negative Pseudomonas aeruginosa (P. aeruginosa) are challenging to treat, especially with the rise in the number of antibiotic-resistant strains of these pathogens. Bacteriophage (phage) are bacteria-specific viruses that can infect and lyse bacteria, providing a potentially effective therapy for bacterial infections. However, the development of bacteriophage therapy is impeded by limited suitable biomaterials that can facilitate effective delivery of phage to the lung. Here, the ability of porous microparticles engineered from poly(lactic-co-glycolic acid) (PLGA), a biodegradable polyester, to effectively deliver phage to the lung, is demonstrated. The phage-loaded microparticles (phage-MPs) display potent antimicrobial efficacy against various strains of S. aureus in vitro and in vivo, and arrest the growth of a clinical isolate of S. aureus in the presence of sputum supernatant obtained from cystic fibrosis patients. Moreover, phage-MPs efficiently mitigate in vitro cocultures of S. aureus and P. aeruginosa and display excellent cytocompatibility with human lung epithelial cells. Therefore, phage-MPs represents a promising therapy to treat bacterial lung infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pranav P. Kalelkar
- Woodruff School of Mechanical Engineering and Petit Institute for Bioengineering and Bioscience Georgia Institute of Technology 315 Ferst Dr. NW Atlanta GA 30332 USA
| | - Dina A. Moustafa
- Department of Pediatrics and Children's Healthcare of Atlanta Center for Cystic Fibrosis and Airway Diseases Research Emory University School of Medicine 1510 Clifton Road NE Atlanta GA 30322 USA
| | - Milan Riddick
- Wallace H. Coulter Department of Biomedical Engineering and Petit Institute for Bioengineering and Bioscience Georgia Institute of Technology 315 Ferst Dr. NW Atlanta GA 30332 USA
| | - Joanna B. Goldberg
- Department of Pediatrics and Children's Healthcare of Atlanta Center for Cystic Fibrosis and Airway Diseases Research Emory University School of Medicine 1510 Clifton Road NE Atlanta GA 30322 USA
| | - Nael A. McCarty
- Department of Pediatrics and Children's Healthcare of Atlanta Center for Cystic Fibrosis and Airways Disease Research Emory University School of Medicine 2015 Uppergate Drive Atlanta GA 30322 USA
| | - Andrés J. García
- Woodruff School of Mechanical Engineering and Petit Institute for Bioengineering and Bioscience Georgia Institute of Technology 315 Ferst Dr. NW Atlanta GA 30332 USA
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Mixed Populations and Co-Infection: Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Staphylococcus aureus. ADVANCES IN EXPERIMENTAL MEDICINE AND BIOLOGY 2022; 1386:397-424. [DOI: 10.1007/978-3-031-08491-1_15] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
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Ramasli Gursoy T, Aslan AT, Asfuroglu P, Sismanlar Eyuboglu T, Cakir E, Cobanoglu N, Pekcan S, Cinel G, Dogru D, Ozcelik U, Yalcin E, Sen V, Ercan O, Kilinc AA, Yazan H, Altintas DU, Kartal Ozturk G, Bingol A, Sapan N, Celebioglu E, Tugcu GD, Ozdemir A, Harmanci K, Kose M, Emiralioglu N, Tamay Z, Yuksel H, Ozcan G, Topal E, Can D, Korkmaz Ekren P, Caltepe G, Kilic M, Ozdogan S. Clinical findings of patients with cystic fibrosis according to newborn screening results. Pediatr Int 2022; 64:e14888. [PMID: 34131975 DOI: 10.1111/ped.14888] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/09/2021] [Revised: 05/07/2021] [Accepted: 06/14/2021] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Cystic fibrosis (CF) is a lethal recessive genetic disease caused by loss of function associated with mutations in the CF trans-membrane conductance regulator. It is highly prevalent (approximately 1 in 3,500) in Caucasians. The aim of this study was to compare demographic and clinical features, diagnostic tests, treatments, and complications of patients with CF whose newborn screening (NBS) with twice-repeated immune reactive trypsinogen testing was positive, normal, and not performed. METHODS In this study, 359 of all 1,488 CF patients recorded in the CF Registry of Turkey in 2018, who had been born through the process of NBS, were evaluated. Demographic and clinical features were compared in patients diagnosed with positive NBS (Group 1), normal (Group 2), or without NBS (Group 3). RESULTS In Group 1, there were 299 patients, in Group 2, there were 40 patients, and in Group 3, there were 20 patients. Among all patients, the median age at diagnosis was 0.17 years. The median age at diagnosis was higher in Groups 2 and 3 than in Group 1 (P = 0.001). Fecal elastase results were higher in Group 2 (P = 0.033). The weight z-score was lower and chronic Staphylococcus aureus infection was more common in Group 3 (P = 0.017, P = 0.004, respectively). CONCLUSIONS Frequency of growth retardation and chronic S. aureus infection can be reduced with an early diagnosis using NBS. In the presence of clinical suspicion in patients with normal NBS, further analyses such as genetic testing should be performed, especially to prevent missing patients with severe mutations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tugba Ramasli Gursoy
- Department of Pediatric Pulmonology, Gazi University Faculty of Medicine, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Ayse Tana Aslan
- Department of Pediatric Pulmonology, Gazi University Faculty of Medicine, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Pelin Asfuroglu
- Department of Pediatric Pulmonology, Gazi University Faculty of Medicine, Ankara, Turkey
| | | | - Erkan Cakir
- Department of Pediatric Pulmonology, Bezmialem University Faculty of Medicine, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Nazan Cobanoglu
- Department of Pediatric Pulmonology, Ankara University Faculty of Medicine, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Sevgi Pekcan
- Department of Pediatric Pulmonology, Meram Medicine Faculty, Necmettin Erbakan University, Konya, Turkey
| | - Guzin Cinel
- Department of Pediatric Pulmonology, Ministry of Health Ankara City Hospital, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Deniz Dogru
- Department of Pediatric Pulmonology, Hacettepe University Faculty of Medicine, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Ugur Ozcelik
- Department of Pediatric Pulmonology, Hacettepe University Faculty of Medicine, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Ebru Yalcin
- Department of Pediatric Pulmonology, Hacettepe University Faculty of Medicine, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Velat Sen
- Department of Pediatric Pulmonology, Dicle University Faculty of Medicine, Diyarbakir, Turkey
| | - Omur Ercan
- Department of Pediatric Pulmonology, Meram Medicine Faculty, Necmettin Erbakan University, Konya, Turkey
| | - Ayse Ayzit Kilinc
- Department of Pediatric Pulmonology, Istanbul University Cerrahpasa Medicine Faculty, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Hakan Yazan
- Department of Pediatric Pulmonology, Bezmialem University Faculty of Medicine, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Derya Ufuk Altintas
- Department of Pediatric Allergy and Immunology, Cukurova University Faculty of Medicine, Adana, Turkey
| | - Gokcen Kartal Ozturk
- Department of Pediatric Pulmonology, Ege University Faculty of Medicine, Izmir, Turkey
| | - Aysen Bingol
- Department of Pediatric Allergy and Immunology, Akdeniz University Faculty of Medicine, Antalya, Turkey
| | - Nihat Sapan
- Department of Pediatric Allergy and Immunology, Bursa Uludag University Faculty of Medicine, Bursa, Turkey
| | - Ebru Celebioglu
- Department of Chest Diseases, Hacettepe University Faculty of Medicine, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Gokcen Dilsa Tugcu
- Department of Pediatric Pulmonology, Ministry of Health Ankara City Hospital, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Ali Ozdemir
- Department of Pediatric Pulmonology, Ministry of Health Mersin City Hospital, Mersin, Turkey
| | - Koray Harmanci
- Department of Pediatric Allergy and Immunology, Eskisehir Osmangazi University Faculty of Medicine, Eskisehir, Turkey
| | - Mehmet Kose
- Department of Pediatric Pulmonology, Erciyes University Faculty of Medicine, Kayseri, Turkey
| | - Nagehan Emiralioglu
- Department of Pediatric Pulmonology, Hacettepe University Faculty of Medicine, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Zeynep Tamay
- Department of Pediatric Allergy, Istanbul University Faculty of Medicine, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Hasan Yuksel
- Department of Pediatric Allergy and Immunology, Celal Bayar University Faculty of Medicine, Manisa, Turkey
| | - Gizem Ozcan
- Department of Pediatric Pulmonology, Ankara University Faculty of Medicine, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Erdem Topal
- Department of Pediatric Allergy, Inonu University Faculty of Medicine, Malatya, Turkey
| | - Demet Can
- Department of Pediatric Pulmonology, Balikesir University Faculty of Medicine, Balikesir, Turkey
| | | | - Gonul Caltepe
- Department of Pediatric Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Nutrition, Ondokuz Mayis University Faculty of Medicine, Samsun, Turkey
| | - Mehmet Kilic
- Department of Pediatric Allergy and Immunology, Firat University Faculty of Medicine, Elazig, Turkey
| | - Sebnem Ozdogan
- Department of Pediatric Pulmonology, Sisli Hamidiye Etfal Research and Training Hospital, Istanbul, Turkey
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12
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Sweeney E, Harrington NE, Harley Henriques AG, Hassan MM, Crealock-Ashurst B, Smyth AR, Hurley MN, Tormo-Mas MÁ, Harrison F. An ex vivo cystic fibrosis model recapitulates key clinical aspects of chronic Staphylococcus aureus infection. MICROBIOLOGY-SGM 2021; 167. [PMID: 33186093 DOI: 10.1099/mic.0.000987] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Staphylococcus aureus is the most prevalent organism isolated from the airways of people with cystic fibrosis (CF), predominantly early in life. Yet its role in the pathology of lung disease is poorly understood. In mice, and many experiments using cell lines, the bacterium invades cells or interstitium, and forms abscesses. This is at odds with the limited available clinical data: interstitial bacteria are rare in CF biopsies and abscesses are highly unusual. Bacteria instead appear to localize in mucus plugs in the lumens of bronchioles. We show that, in an established ex vivo model of CF infection comprising porcine bronchiolar tissue and synthetic mucus, S. aureus demonstrates clinically significant characteristics including colonization of the airway lumen, with preferential localization as multicellular aggregates in mucus, initiation of a small colony variant phenotype and increased antibiotic tolerance of tissue-associated aggregates. Tissue invasion and abscesses were not observed. Our results may inform ongoing debates relating to clinical responses to S. aureus in people with CF.
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Affiliation(s)
- Esther Sweeney
- School of Life Sciences, University of Warwick, Coventry, CV4 7AL, UK
| | | | | | - Marwa M Hassan
- School of Life Sciences, University of Warwick, Coventry, CV4 7AL, UK.,Department of Pathology and Infectious Diseases, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of Surrey, Guildford, UK
| | | | - Alan R Smyth
- Division of Child Health, Obstetrics and Gynecology, Queen's Medical Centre, University of Nottingham, Nottingham NG7 2UH, UK
| | - Matthew N Hurley
- Paediatric Respiratory Medicine, Nottingham Children's Hospital, Queen's Medical Centre, University of Nottingham, Nottingham NG7 2UH, UK
| | - María Ángeles Tormo-Mas
- Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria La Fe, Avenida Fernando Abril Martorell, 106 Torre A Lab. 6.13, 46026 Valencia, Spain
| | - Freya Harrison
- School of Life Sciences, University of Warwick, Coventry, CV4 7AL, UK
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13
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Elborn JS, Flume PA, Van Devanter DR, Procaccianti C. Management of chronic Pseudomonas aeruginosa infection with inhaled levofloxacin in people with cystic fibrosis. Future Microbiol 2021; 16:1087-1104. [PMID: 34384254 DOI: 10.2217/fmb-2021-0150] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
People with cystic fibrosis (CF) are highly susceptible to bacterial infections of the airways. By adulthood, chronic Pseudomonas aeruginosa (Pa) is the most prevalent infective organism and is difficult to eradicate owing to its adaptation to the CF lung microenvironment. Long-term suppressive treatment with inhaled antimicrobials is the standard care for reducing exacerbation frequency, improving quality of life and increasing measures of lung function. Levofloxacin (a fluoroquinolone antimicrobial) has been approved as an inhaled solution in Europe and Canada, for the treatment of adults with CF with chronic P. aeruginosa pulmonary infections. Here, we review the clinical principles relating to the use of inhaled antimicrobials and inhaled levofloxacin for the management of P. aeruginosa infections in patients with CF.
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Affiliation(s)
- J Stuart Elborn
- Faculty of Medicine, Health & Life Sciences, Queen's University Belfast, Belfast, BT9 7BL, UK
| | - Patrick A Flume
- Departments of Medicine & Pediatrics, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC 29425, USA
| | - Donald R Van Devanter
- Department of Pediatrics, Case Western Reserve University School of Medicine, Cleveland, OH 44106, USA
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14
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A Pseudomonas aeruginosa Antimicrobial Affects the Biogeography but Not Fitness of Staphylococcus aureus during Coculture. mBio 2021; 12:mBio.00047-21. [PMID: 33785630 PMCID: PMC8092195 DOI: 10.1128/mbio.00047-21] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Many human infections result from the action of multispecies bacterial communities. Within these communities, bacteria have been proposed to directly interact via physical and chemical means, resulting in increased disease and antimicrobial tolerance. Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Staphylococcus aureus are two of the most common coinfecting bacteria in human infections, including the cystic fibrosis (CF) lung. There is emerging evidence that coinfection with these microbes enhances disease severity and antimicrobial tolerance through direct interactions. However, one of the challenges to studying microbial interactions relevant to human infection is the lack of experimental models with the versatility to investigate complex interaction dynamics while maintaining biological relevance. Here, we developed a model based on an in vitro medium that mimics human CF lung secretions (synthetic CF sputum medium [SCFM2]) and allows time-resolved assessment of fitness and community spatial structure at the micrometer scale. Our results reveal that P. aeruginosa and S. aureus coexist as spatially structured communities in SCFM2 under static growth conditions, with S. aureus enriched at a distance of 3.5 μm from P. aeruginosa. Multispecies aggregates were rare, and aggregate (biofilm) sizes resembled those in human CF sputum. Elimination of P. aeruginosa’s ability to produce the antistaphylococcal small molecule HQNO (2-heptyl-4-hydroxyquinoline N-oxide) had no effect on bacterial fitness but altered the spatial structure of the community by increasing the distance of S. aureus from P. aeruginosa to 7.6 μm. Lastly, we show that coculture with P. aeruginosa sensitizes S. aureus to killing by the antibiotic tobramycin compared to monoculture growth despite HQNO enhancing tolerance during coculture. Our findings reveal that SCFM2 is a powerful model for studying P. aeruginosa and S. aureus and that HQNO alters S. aureus biogeography and antibiotic susceptibility without affecting fitness.
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15
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Cendra MDM, Torrents E. Pseudomonas aeruginosa biofilms and their partners in crime. Biotechnol Adv 2021; 49:107734. [PMID: 33785375 DOI: 10.1016/j.biotechadv.2021.107734] [Citation(s) in RCA: 65] [Impact Index Per Article: 21.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/26/2020] [Revised: 03/15/2021] [Accepted: 03/18/2021] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Pseudomonas aeruginosa biofilms and the capacity of the bacterium to coexist and interact with a broad range of microorganisms have a substantial clinical impact. This review focuses on the main traits of P. aeruginosa biofilms, such as the structural composition and regulatory networks involved, placing particular emphasis on the clinical challenges they represent in terms of antimicrobial susceptibility and biofilm infection clearance. Furthermore, the ability of P. aeruginosa to grow together with other microorganisms is a significant pathogenic attribute with clinical relevance; hence, the main microbial interactions of Pseudomonas are especially highlighted and detailed throughout this review. This article also explores the infections caused by single and polymicrobial biofilms of P. aeruginosa and the current models used to recreate them under laboratory conditions. Finally, the antimicrobial and antibiofilm strategies developed against P. aeruginosa mono and multispecies biofilms are detailed at the end of this review.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria Del Mar Cendra
- Bacterial Infections and Antimicrobial therapies Group, Institute for Bioengineering of Catalonia (IBEC), The Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology, Baldiri Reixac 15-21, 08028 Barcelona, Spain.
| | - Eduard Torrents
- Bacterial Infections and Antimicrobial therapies Group, Institute for Bioengineering of Catalonia (IBEC), The Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology, Baldiri Reixac 15-21, 08028 Barcelona, Spain; Microbiology Section, Department of Genetics, Microbiology and Statistics, Faculty of Biology, University of Barcelona, 643 Diagonal Ave., 08028 Barcelona, Spain.
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16
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Yung DBY, Sircombe KJ, Pletzer D. Friends or enemies? The complicated relationship between Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Staphylococcus aureus. Mol Microbiol 2021; 116:1-15. [PMID: 33576132 DOI: 10.1111/mmi.14699] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/14/2020] [Revised: 02/08/2021] [Accepted: 02/09/2021] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
Abstract
Pseudomonas aeruginosa (Pa) and Staphylococcus aureus (Sa) are opportunistic pathogens that are most commonly co-isolated from chronic wounds and the sputum of cystic fibrosis patients. Over the last few years, there have been plenty of contrasting results from studies involving P. aeruginosa and S. aureus co-cultures. The general concept that P. aeruginosa outcompetes S. aureus has been challenged and there is more evidence now that they can co-exist. Nevertheless, it still remains difficult to mimic polymicrobial infections in vitro and in vivo. In this review, we discuss recent advances in regard to Pa-Sa molecular interactions, their physical responses, and in vitro and in vivo models. We believe it is important to optimize growth conditions in the laboratory, determine appropriate bacterial starting ratios, and consider environmental factors to study the co-existence of these two pathogens. Ideally, optimized growth media should reflect host-mimicking conditions with or without host cells that allow both bacteria to co-exist. To further identify mechanisms that could help to treat these complex infections, we propose to use relevant polymicrobial animal models. Ultimately, we briefly discuss how polymicrobial infections can increase antibiotic tolerance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Deborah Bow Yue Yung
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Otago, Dunedin, New Zealand
| | | | - Daniel Pletzer
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Otago, Dunedin, New Zealand
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17
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Camus L, Briaud P, Vandenesch F, Moreau K. How Bacterial Adaptation to Cystic Fibrosis Environment Shapes Interactions Between Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Staphylococcus aureus. Front Microbiol 2021; 12:617784. [PMID: 33746915 PMCID: PMC7966511 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2021.617784] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/15/2020] [Accepted: 02/10/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Staphylococcus aureus are the two most prevalent bacteria species in the lungs of cystic fibrosis (CF) patients and are associated with poor clinical outcomes. Co-infection by the two species is a frequent situation that promotes their interaction. The ability of P. aeruginosa to outperform S. aureus has been widely described, and this competitive interaction was, for a long time, the only one considered. More recently, several studies have described that the two species are able to coexist. This change in relationship is linked to the evolution of bacterial strains in the lungs. This review attempts to decipher how bacterial adaptation to the CF environment can induce a change in the type of interaction and promote coexisting interaction between P. aeruginosa and S. aureus. The impact of coexistence on the establishment and maintenance of a chronic infection will also be presented, by considering the latest research on the subject.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laura Camus
- CIRI-Centre International de Recherche en Infectiologie, Université de Lyon/Inserm U1111/Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1/CNRS UMR 5308/ENS de Lyon, Lyon, France
| | - Paul Briaud
- CIRI-Centre International de Recherche en Infectiologie, Université de Lyon/Inserm U1111/Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1/CNRS UMR 5308/ENS de Lyon, Lyon, France
| | - François Vandenesch
- CIRI-Centre International de Recherche en Infectiologie, Université de Lyon/Inserm U1111/Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1/CNRS UMR 5308/ENS de Lyon, Lyon, France.,Centre National de Référence des Staphylocoques, Hospices Civils de Lyon, Lyon, France.,Institut des Agents Infectieux, Hospices Civils de Lyon, Lyon, France
| | - Karen Moreau
- CIRI-Centre International de Recherche en Infectiologie, Université de Lyon/Inserm U1111/Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1/CNRS UMR 5308/ENS de Lyon, Lyon, France
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18
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Camus L, Vandenesch F, Moreau K. From genotype to phenotype: adaptations of Pseudomonas aeruginosa to the cystic fibrosis environment. Microb Genom 2021; 7:mgen000513. [PMID: 33529147 PMCID: PMC8190622 DOI: 10.1099/mgen.0.000513] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2020] [Accepted: 12/21/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Pseudomonas aeruginosa is one of the main microbial species colonizing the lungs of cystic fibrosis patients and is responsible for the decline in respiratory function. Despite the hostile pulmonary environment, P. aeruginosa is able to establish chronic infections thanks to its strong adaptive capacity. Various longitudinal studies have attempted to compare the strains of early infection with the adapted strains of chronic infection. Thanks to new '-omics' techniques, convergent genetic mutations, as well as transcriptomic and proteomic dysregulations have been identified. As a consequence of this evolution, the adapted strains of P. aeruginosa have particular phenotypes that promote persistent infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laura Camus
- CIRI – Centre International de Recherche en Infectiologie, Université de Lyon/Inserm U1111/Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1/CNRS UMR5308/ENS de Lyon, Lyon, France
| | - François Vandenesch
- CIRI – Centre International de Recherche en Infectiologie, Université de Lyon/Inserm U1111/Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1/CNRS UMR5308/ENS de Lyon, Lyon, France
- Centre National de Référence des Staphylocoques, Hospices Civils de Lyon, Lyon, France
- Institut des Agents Infectieux, Hospices Civils de Lyon, Lyon, France
| | - Karen Moreau
- CIRI – Centre International de Recherche en Infectiologie, Université de Lyon/Inserm U1111/Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1/CNRS UMR5308/ENS de Lyon, Lyon, France
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19
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Chan BK, Stanley G, Modak M, Koff JL, Turner PE. Bacteriophage therapy for infections in CF. Pediatr Pulmonol 2021; 56 Suppl 1:S4-S9. [PMID: 33434411 DOI: 10.1002/ppul.25190] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/07/2020] [Revised: 10/28/2020] [Accepted: 10/30/2020] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
Abstract
Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Staphylococcus aureus are bacterial pathogens frequently associated with pulmonary complications and disease progression in cystic fibrosis (CF). However, these bacteria increasingly show resistance to antibiotics, necessitating novel management strategies. One possibility is bacteriophage (phages; bacteria-specific viruses) therapy, where lytic phages are administered to kill target bacterial pathogens. Recent publications of case reports of phage therapy to treat antibiotic-resistant lung infections in CF have garnered significant attention. These cases exemplify the renewed interest in phage therapy, an older concept that is being newly updated to include rigorous collection and analysis of patient data to assess clinical benefit, which will inform the development of clinical trials. As outcomes of these trials become public, the results will valuable gauge the potential usefulness of phage therapy to address the rise in antibiotic-resistant bacterial infections. In addition, we highlight the further need for basic research to accurately predict the different responses of target bacterial pathogens when phages are administered alone, sequentially, or as mixtures (cocktails), and whether within-cocktail interactions among phages hold consequences for the efficacy of phage therapy in patient treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Benjamin K Chan
- Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut, USA
| | - Gail Stanley
- Department of Internal Medicine, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut, USA
| | - Mrinalini Modak
- Department of Internal Medicine, Yale New Haven Hospital, New Haven, Connecticut, USA
| | - Jon L Koff
- Department of Internal Medicine, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut, USA
| | - Paul E Turner
- Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut, USA.,Program in Microbiology, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut, USA
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20
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Azimi B, Sorayani Bafqi MS, Fusco A, Ricci C, Gallone G, Bagherzadeh R, Donnarumma G, Uddin MJ, Latifi M, Lazzeri A, Danti S. Electrospun ZnO/Poly(Vinylidene Fluoride-Trifluoroethylene) Scaffolds for Lung Tissue Engineering. Tissue Eng Part A 2020; 26:1312-1331. [DOI: 10.1089/ten.tea.2020.0172] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Bahareh Azimi
- Department of Civil and Industrial Engineering, University of Pisa, Pisa, Italy
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT), Cambridge, Massachusetts, USA
- Interuniversity Consortium of Materials Science and Technology (INSTM), Florence, Italy
| | | | - Alessandra Fusco
- Department of Experimental Medicine, University of Campania “Luigi Vanvitelli,” Naples, Italy
| | - Claudio Ricci
- Department of Civil and Industrial Engineering, University of Pisa, Pisa, Italy
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT), Cambridge, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Giuseppe Gallone
- Department of Civil and Industrial Engineering, University of Pisa, Pisa, Italy
| | - Roohollah Bagherzadeh
- Institute for Advanced Textile Materials and Technologies (ATMT), Amirkabir University of Technology, Tehran, Iran
| | - Giovanna Donnarumma
- Department of Experimental Medicine, University of Campania “Luigi Vanvitelli,” Naples, Italy
| | - Mohammed Jasim Uddin
- Department of Chemistry, Photonics and Energy Research Laboratory, University of Texas Rio Grande Valley, Edinburg, Texas, USA
| | - Masoud Latifi
- Department of Textile Engineering, Amirkabir University of Technology, Tehran, Iran
| | - Andrea Lazzeri
- Department of Civil and Industrial Engineering, University of Pisa, Pisa, Italy
| | - Serena Danti
- Department of Civil and Industrial Engineering, University of Pisa, Pisa, Italy
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT), Cambridge, Massachusetts, USA
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21
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The Small RNA ErsA Plays a Role in the Regulatory Network of Pseudomonas aeruginosa Pathogenicity in Airway Infections. mSphere 2020; 5:5/5/e00909-20. [PMID: 33055260 PMCID: PMC7565897 DOI: 10.1128/msphere.00909-20] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Bacterial small RNAs play a remarkable role in the regulation of functions involved in host-pathogen interaction. ErsA is a small RNA of Pseudomonas aeruginosa that contributes to the regulation of bacterial virulence traits such as biofilm formation and motility. Shown to take part in a regulatory circuit under the control of the envelope stress response sigma factor σ22, ErsA targets posttranscriptionally the key virulence-associated gene algC Moreover, ErsA contributes to biofilm development and motility through the posttranscriptional modulation of the transcription factor AmrZ. Intending to evaluate the regulatory relevance of ErsA in the pathogenesis of respiratory infections, we analyzed the impact of ErsA-mediated regulation on the virulence potential of P. aeruginosa and the stimulation of the inflammatory response during the infection of bronchial epithelial cells and a murine model. Furthermore, we assessed ErsA expression in a collection of P. aeruginosa clinical pulmonary isolates and investigated the link of ErsA with acquired antibiotic resistance by generating an ersA gene deletion mutant in a multidrug-resistant P. aeruginosa strain which has long been adapted in the airways of a cystic fibrosis (CF) patient. Our results show that the ErsA-mediated regulation is relevant for the P. aeruginosa pathogenicity during acute infection and contributes to the stimulation of the host inflammatory response. Besides, ErsA was able to be subjected to selective pressure for P. aeruginosa pathoadaptation and acquirement of resistance to antibiotics commonly used in clinical practice during chronic CF infections. Our findings establish the role of ErsA as an important regulatory element in the host-pathogen interaction.IMPORTANCE Pseudomonas aeruginosa is one of the most critical multidrug-resistant opportunistic pathogens in humans, able to cause both lethal acute and chronic lung infections. Thorough knowledge of the regulatory mechanisms involved in the establishment and persistence of the airways infections by P. aeruginosa remains elusive. Emerging candidates as molecular regulators of pathogenesis in P. aeruginosa are small RNAs, which act posttranscriptionally as signal transducers of host cues. Known for being involved in the regulation of biofilm formation and responsive to envelope stress response, we show that the small RNA ErsA can play regulatory roles in acute infection, stimulation of host inflammatory response, and mechanisms of acquirement of antibiotic resistance and adaptation during the chronic lung infections of cystic fibrosis patients. Elucidating the complexity of the networks regulating host-pathogen interactions is crucial to identify novel targets for future therapeutic applications.
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22
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Riva C, Tortoli E, Cugnata F, Sanvito F, Esposito A, Rossi M, Colarieti A, Canu T, Cigana C, Bragonzi A, Loré NI, Miotto P, Cirillo DM. A New Model of Chronic Mycobacterium abscessus Lung Infection in Immunocompetent Mice. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:ijms21186590. [PMID: 32916885 PMCID: PMC7554715 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21186590] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2020] [Revised: 09/04/2020] [Accepted: 09/07/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Pulmonary infections caused by Mycobacterium abscessus (MA) have increased over recent decades, affecting individuals with underlying pathologies such as chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, bronchiectasis and, especially, cystic fibrosis. The lack of a representative and standardized model of chronic infection in mice has limited steps forward in the field of MA pulmonary infection. To overcome this challenge, we refined the method of agar beads to establish MA chronic infection in immunocompetent mice. We evaluated bacterial count, lung pathology and markers of inflammation and we performed longitudinal studies with magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) up to three months after MA infection. In this model, MA was able to establish a persistent lung infection for up to two months and with minimal systemic spread. Lung histopathological analysis revealed granulomatous inflammation around bronchi characterized by the presence of lymphocytes, aggregates of vacuolated histiocytes and a few neutrophils, mimicking the damage observed in humans. Furthermore, MA lung lesions were successfully monitored for the first time by MRI. The availability of this murine model and the introduction of the successfully longitudinal monitoring of the murine lung lesions with MRI pave the way for further investigations on the impact of MA pathogenesis and the efficacy of novel treatments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Camilla Riva
- Emerging Bacterial Pathogens Unit, Division of Immunology, Transplantation and Infectious Diseases, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, 20132 Milan, Italy; (C.R.); (E.T.); (M.R.); (N.I.L.); (P.M.)
| | - Enrico Tortoli
- Emerging Bacterial Pathogens Unit, Division of Immunology, Transplantation and Infectious Diseases, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, 20132 Milan, Italy; (C.R.); (E.T.); (M.R.); (N.I.L.); (P.M.)
| | - Federica Cugnata
- Centre of Statistics for Biomedical Sciences (CUSSB), Vita-Salute San Raffaele University, 20132 Milan, Italy;
| | - Francesca Sanvito
- Pathology Unit, Department of Experimental Oncology, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, 20132 Milan, Italy;
| | - Antonio Esposito
- Preclinical Imaging Facility, Experimental Imaging Center, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, 20132 Milan, Italy; (A.E.); (A.C.); (T.C.)
- School of Medicine, Vita-Salute San Raffaele University, 20132 Milan, Italy
| | - Marco Rossi
- Emerging Bacterial Pathogens Unit, Division of Immunology, Transplantation and Infectious Diseases, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, 20132 Milan, Italy; (C.R.); (E.T.); (M.R.); (N.I.L.); (P.M.)
| | - Anna Colarieti
- Preclinical Imaging Facility, Experimental Imaging Center, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, 20132 Milan, Italy; (A.E.); (A.C.); (T.C.)
| | - Tamara Canu
- Preclinical Imaging Facility, Experimental Imaging Center, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, 20132 Milan, Italy; (A.E.); (A.C.); (T.C.)
| | - Cristina Cigana
- Infections and Cystic Fibrosis Unit, Division of Immunology, Transplantation and Infectious Diseases, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, 20132 Milan, Italy; (C.C.); (A.B.)
| | - Alessandra Bragonzi
- Infections and Cystic Fibrosis Unit, Division of Immunology, Transplantation and Infectious Diseases, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, 20132 Milan, Italy; (C.C.); (A.B.)
| | - Nicola Ivan Loré
- Emerging Bacterial Pathogens Unit, Division of Immunology, Transplantation and Infectious Diseases, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, 20132 Milan, Italy; (C.R.); (E.T.); (M.R.); (N.I.L.); (P.M.)
| | - Paolo Miotto
- Emerging Bacterial Pathogens Unit, Division of Immunology, Transplantation and Infectious Diseases, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, 20132 Milan, Italy; (C.R.); (E.T.); (M.R.); (N.I.L.); (P.M.)
| | - Daniela Maria Cirillo
- Emerging Bacterial Pathogens Unit, Division of Immunology, Transplantation and Infectious Diseases, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, 20132 Milan, Italy; (C.R.); (E.T.); (M.R.); (N.I.L.); (P.M.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +39-02-2443-7947
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23
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Briaud P, Bastien S, Camus L, Boyadjian M, Reix P, Mainguy C, Vandenesch F, Doléans-Jordheim A, Moreau K. Impact of Coexistence Phenotype Between Staphylococcus aureus and Pseudomonas aeruginosa Isolates on Clinical Outcomes Among Cystic Fibrosis Patients. Front Cell Infect Microbiol 2020; 10:266. [PMID: 32582568 PMCID: PMC7285626 DOI: 10.3389/fcimb.2020.00266] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/23/2020] [Accepted: 05/05/2020] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Staphylococcus aureus (SA) is the major colonizer of the lungs of cystic fibrosis (CF) patients during childhood and adolescence. As patients age, the prevalence of SA decreases and Pseudomonas aeruginosa (PA) becomes the major pathogen infecting adult lungs. Nonetheless, SA remains significant and patients harboring both SA and PA are frequently found in the worldwide cohort. The overall impact of co-infection remains controversial. Furthermore, co-infecting isolates may compete or coexist. The aim of this study was to analyse if co-infection and the coexistence of SA and PA could lead to worse clinical outcomes. The clinical and bacteriological data of 212 Lyon CF patients were collected retrospectively, and patients were ranked into three groups, SA only (n = 112), PA only (n = 48) or SA plus PA (n = 52). In addition, SA and PA isolates from co-infected patients were tested in vitro to define their interaction profile. Sixty five percent (n = 34) of SA/PA pairs coexist. Using univariate and multivariate analysis, we confirm that SA patients have a less severe clinical condition than others, and PA induces a poor outcome independently of the presence of SA. Regarding co-infection, no significant difference in clinical outcomes was observed between patients with coexisting pairs and patients with competitive pairs. However, when compared to SA mono-infected patients, patients with coexisting pair presented higher frequency and length of hospitalizations and more exacerbations. We suggest that coexistence between SA and PA may be an important step in the natural history of lung bacterial colonization within CF patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paul Briaud
- CIRI, Centre International de Recherche en Infectiologie, Univ Lyon, Inserm, U1111, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, CNRS, UMR5308, ENS de Lyon, Lyon, France
| | - Sylvère Bastien
- CIRI, Centre International de Recherche en Infectiologie, Univ Lyon, Inserm, U1111, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, CNRS, UMR5308, ENS de Lyon, Lyon, France
| | - Laura Camus
- CIRI, Centre International de Recherche en Infectiologie, Univ Lyon, Inserm, U1111, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, CNRS, UMR5308, ENS de Lyon, Lyon, France
| | - Marie Boyadjian
- Pediatric Pulmonology Department, Hôpital Femme-Mère-Enfant, Hospices civils de Lyon, UMR5558, Lyon, France
| | - Philippe Reix
- Pediatric Pulmonology Department, Hôpital Femme-Mère-Enfant, Hospices civils de Lyon, UMR5558, Lyon, France
| | - Catherine Mainguy
- Pediatric Pulmonology Department, Hôpital Femme-Mère-Enfant, Hospices civils de Lyon, UMR5558, Lyon, France
| | - François Vandenesch
- CIRI, Centre International de Recherche en Infectiologie, Univ Lyon, Inserm, U1111, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, CNRS, UMR5308, ENS de Lyon, Lyon, France.,Institut des agents infectieux, Hospices Civils de Lyon, Lyon, France
| | - Anne Doléans-Jordheim
- Equipe Bactéries Pathogènes Opportunistes et Environnement, Univ Lyon, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, CNRS, INRAE, VetAgro Sup, UMR Ecologie Microbienne, Lyon, France
| | - Karen Moreau
- CIRI, Centre International de Recherche en Infectiologie, Univ Lyon, Inserm, U1111, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, CNRS, UMR5308, ENS de Lyon, Lyon, France
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Wang Y, Li S, Jin M, Han Q, Liu S, Chen X, Han Y. Enhancing the Thermo-Stability and Anti-Bacterium Activity of Lysozyme by Immobilization on Chitosan Nanoparticles. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:ijms21051635. [PMID: 32121010 PMCID: PMC7084273 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21051635] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/22/2020] [Revised: 02/20/2020] [Accepted: 02/23/2020] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
The recent emergence of antibiotic-resistant bacteria requires the development of new antibiotics or new agents capable of enhancing antibiotic activity. Lysozyme degrades bacterial cell wall without involving antibiotic resistance and has become a new antibacterial strategy. However, direct use of native, active proteins in clinical settings is not practical as it is fragile under various conditions. In this study, lysozyme was integrated into chitosan nanoparticles (CS-NPs) by the ionic gelation technique to obtain lysozyme immobilized chitosan nanoparticles (Lys-CS-NPs) and then characterized by dynamic light scattering (DLS) and transmission electron microscopy (TEM), which showed a small particle size (243.1 ± 2.1 nm) and positive zeta potential (22.8 ± 0.2 mV). The immobilization significantly enhanced the thermal stability and reusability of lysozyme. In addition, compared with free lysozyme, Lys-CS-NPs exhibited superb antibacterial properties according to the results of killing kinetics in vitro and measurement of the minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) of CS-NPs and Lys-CS-NPs against Pseudomonas aeruginosa (P. aeruginosa), Klebsiella pneumoniae (K. pneumoniae), Escherichia coli (E. coli), and Staphylococcus aureus (S. aureus). These results suggest that the integration of lysozyme into CS-NPs will create opportunities for the further potential applications of lysozyme as an anti-bacterium agent.
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Buroni S, Makarov V, Scoffone VC, Trespidi G, Riccardi G, Chiarelli LR. The cell division protein FtsZ as a cellular target to hit cystic fibrosis pathogens. Eur J Med Chem 2020; 190:112132. [PMID: 32066012 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2020.112132] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2019] [Revised: 01/31/2020] [Accepted: 02/06/2020] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
Cystic fibrosis is a rare genetic disease characterized by the production of dehydrated mucus in the lung able to trap bacteria and rendering their proliferation particularly dangerous, thus leading to chronic infections. Among these bacteria, Staphylococcus aureus and Pseudomonas aeruginosa play a major role while, within emerging pathogens, Stenotrophomonas maltophilia, Achromobacter xylosoxidans, Burkholderia cepacia complex species, as well as non-tuberculous mycobacteria are listed. Since a common feature of these bacteria is the high level of drug resistance, cell division, and in particular FtsZ, has been explored as a novel therapeutic target for the design of new molecules with antibacterial properties. This review summarizes and provides insight into recent advances in the discovery of compounds targeting FtsZ: the majority of them exhibit anti-staphylococcal activity, while a few were directed against the cystic fibrosis Gram negative pathogens.
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Affiliation(s)
- Silvia Buroni
- Department of Biology and Biotechnology "Lazzaro Spallanzani", University of Pavia, Pavia, Italy
| | - Vadim Makarov
- Federal Research Centre "Fundamentals of Biotechnology" of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, Russia
| | - Viola Camilla Scoffone
- Department of Biology and Biotechnology "Lazzaro Spallanzani", University of Pavia, Pavia, Italy
| | - Gabriele Trespidi
- Department of Biology and Biotechnology "Lazzaro Spallanzani", University of Pavia, Pavia, Italy
| | - Giovanna Riccardi
- Department of Biology and Biotechnology "Lazzaro Spallanzani", University of Pavia, Pavia, Italy
| | - Laurent R Chiarelli
- Department of Biology and Biotechnology "Lazzaro Spallanzani", University of Pavia, Pavia, Italy.
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26
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Millette G, Langlois JP, Brouillette E, Frost EH, Cantin AM, Malouin F. Despite Antagonism in vitro, Pseudomonas aeruginosa Enhances Staphylococcus aureus Colonization in a Murine Lung Infection Model. Front Microbiol 2019; 10:2880. [PMID: 31921058 PMCID: PMC6923662 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2019.02880] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/17/2019] [Accepted: 11/29/2019] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Staphylococcus aureus and Pseudomonas aeruginosa are prevalent lung pathogens in cystic fibrosis (CF). Whereas co-infection worsens the clinical outcome, prototypical strains are usually antagonistic in vitro. We sought to resolve the discrepancy between these in vitro and in vivo observations. In vitro, growth kinetics for co-cultures of co-isolates from CF patients showed that not all P. aeruginosa strains affected S. aureus viability. On solid media, S. aureus slow-growing colonies were visualized around some P. aeruginosa strains whether or not S. aureus viability was reduced in liquid co-cultures. The S. aureus-P. aeruginosa interactions were then characterized in a mouse lung infection model. Lung homogenates were plated on selective media allowing colony counts of either bacterium. Overall, 35 P. aeruginosa and 10 S. aureus strains (clinical, reference, and mutant strains), for a total of 200 co-infections, were evaluated. We observed that S. aureus colonization of lung tissues was promoted by P. aeruginosa and even by strains showing antagonism in vitro. Promotion was proportional to the extent of P. aeruginosa colonization, but no correlation was found with the degree of myeloperoxidase quantification (as marker of inflammation) or with specific virulence-associated factors using known mutant strains of S. aureus and P. aeruginosa. On the other hand, P. aeruginosa significantly increased the expression of two possible cell receptors for S. aureus, i.e., ICAM-1 and ITGA-5 (marker for integrin α5β1) in lung tissue, while mono-infections by S. aureus did not. This study provides insights on polymicrobial interactions that may influence the progression of CF-associated pulmonary infections.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guillaume Millette
- Centre d'Étude et de Valorisation de la Diversité Microbienne, Département de Biologie, Faculté des Sciences, Université de Sherbrooke, Sherbrooke, QC, Canada
| | - Jean-Philippe Langlois
- Centre d'Étude et de Valorisation de la Diversité Microbienne, Département de Biologie, Faculté des Sciences, Université de Sherbrooke, Sherbrooke, QC, Canada
| | - Eric Brouillette
- Centre d'Étude et de Valorisation de la Diversité Microbienne, Département de Biologie, Faculté des Sciences, Université de Sherbrooke, Sherbrooke, QC, Canada
| | - Eric H Frost
- Département de Microbiologie et d'Infectiologie, Faculté de Médecine et de Sciences de la Santé, Université de Sherbrooke, Sherbrooke, QC, Canada
| | - André M Cantin
- Service de Pneumologie, Département de Médecine, Faculté de Médecine et des Sciences de la Santé, Université de Sherbrooke, Sherbrooke, QC, Canada
| | - François Malouin
- Centre d'Étude et de Valorisation de la Diversité Microbienne, Département de Biologie, Faculté des Sciences, Université de Sherbrooke, Sherbrooke, QC, Canada
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Ji Y, Bolhuis A, Watson ML. Staphylococcus aureus products subvert the Burkholderia cenocepacia-induced inflammatory response in airway epithelial cells. J Med Microbiol 2019; 68:1813-1822. [PMID: 31674896 DOI: 10.1099/jmm.0.001100] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Introduction. Chronic pulmonary infection is associated with colonization with multiple micro-organisms but host-microbe and microbe-microbe interactions are poorly understood.Aim. This study aims to investigate the differences in host responses to mono- and co-infection with S. aureus and B. cenocepacia in human airway epithelial cells.Methodology. We assessed the effect of co-infection with B. cenocepacia and S. aureus on host signalling and inflammatory responses in the human airway epithelial cell line 16HBE, using ELISA and western blot analysis.Results. The results show that B. cenocepacia activates MAPK and NF-κB signalling pathways, subsequently eliciting robust interleukin (IL)-8 production. However, when airway epithelial cells were co-treated with live B. cenocepacia bacteria and S. aureus supernatants (conditioned medium), the pro-inflammatory response was attenuated. This anti-inflammatory effect was widely exhibited in the S. aureus isolates tested and was mediated via reduced MAPK and NF-κB signalling, but not via IL-1 receptor or tumour necrosis factor receptor modulation. The staphylococcal effectors were characterized as small, heat-stable, non-proteinaceous and not cell wall-related factors.Conclusion. This study demonstrates for the first time the host response in a S. aureus/B. cenocepacia co-infection model and provides insight into a staphylococcal immune evasion mechanism, as well as a therapeutic intervention for excessive inflammation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuan Ji
- Department of Pharmacy and Pharmacology, University of Bath, BA2 7AY, UK
| | - Albert Bolhuis
- Department of Pharmacy and Pharmacology, University of Bath, BA2 7AY, UK
| | - Malcolm L Watson
- Department of Pharmacy and Pharmacology, University of Bath, BA2 7AY, UK
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28
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RNA-based qPCR as a tool to quantify and to characterize dual-species biofilms. Sci Rep 2019; 9:13639. [PMID: 31541147 PMCID: PMC6754382 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-019-50094-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/13/2019] [Accepted: 09/06/2019] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
While considerable research has focused on studying individual-species, we now face the challenge of determining how interspecies interactions alter bacterial behaviours and pathogenesis. Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Staphylococcus aureus are often found to co-infect cystic-fibrosis patients. Curiously, their interaction is reported as competitive under laboratory conditions. Selecting appropriate methodologies is therefore critical to analyse multi-species communities. Herein, we demonstrated the major biases associated with qPCR quantification of bacterial populations and optimized a RNA-based qPCR able not only to quantify but also to characterize microbial interactions within dual-species biofilms composed by P. aeruginosa and S. aureus, as assessed by gene expression quantification. qPCR quantification was compared with flow-cytometry and culture-based quantification. Discrepancies between culture independent and culture dependent methods could be the result of the presence of viable but not-cultivable bacteria within the biofilm. Fluorescence microscopy confirmed this. A higher sensitivity to detect viable cells further highlights the potentialities of qPCR approach to quantify biofilm communities. By using bacterial RNA and an exogenous mRNA control, it was also possible to characterize bacterial transcriptomic profile, being this a major advantage of this method.
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Bevivino A, Bacci G, Drevinek P, Nelson MT, Hoffman L, Mengoni A. Deciphering the Ecology of Cystic Fibrosis Bacterial Communities: Towards Systems-Level Integration. Trends Mol Med 2019; 25:1110-1122. [PMID: 31439509 DOI: 10.1016/j.molmed.2019.07.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2019] [Revised: 07/14/2019] [Accepted: 07/23/2019] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Despite over a decade of cystic fibrosis (CF) microbiome research, much remains to be learned about the overall composition, metabolic activities, and pathogenicity of the microbes in CF airways, limiting our understanding of the respiratory microbiome's relation to disease. Systems-level integration and modeling of host-microbiome interactions may allow us to better define the relationships between microbiological characteristics, disease status, and treatment response. In this way, modeling could pave the way for microbiome-based development of predictive models, individualized treatment plans, and novel therapeutic approaches, potentially serving as a paradigm for approaching other chronic infections. In this review, we describe the challenges facing this effort and propose research priorities for a systems biology approach to CF lung disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Annamaria Bevivino
- Department for Sustainability, Italian National Agency for New Technologies, Energy and Sustainable Economic Development (ENEA), Rome, Italy.
| | - Giovanni Bacci
- Department of Biology, University of Florence, Sesto Fiorentino, Florence, Italy
| | - Pavel Drevinek
- Department of Medical Microbiology, Department of Paediatrics, 2nd Faculty of Medicine, Charles University and Motol University Hospital, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Maria T Nelson
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Lucas Hoffman
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA; Department of Microbiology, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA; Center for Clinical and Translational Research, Seattle Children's Research Institute, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Alessio Mengoni
- Department of Biology, University of Florence, Sesto Fiorentino, Florence, Italy
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Abstract
PURPOSE OF REVIEW The cystic fibrosis (CF) lung has long been appreciated as a competitive niche for complex interactions between bacterial species. The individual relationships between effects on the host, and thereafter clinical outcomes, has been poorly understood. We aim to describe the role of Staphyloccus aureus, one of the most commonly encountered bacteria cultured from the respiratory tracts of people with CF, and it's complex interplay with other organisms, with particular attention to Pseudomonas aeruginosa. RECENT FINDINGS We describe the challenges posed in understanding the role that S. aureus plays in the CF lung, including the difficulties in interpreting culture results depending upon sampling technique, relationships with P. aeruginosa and the rest of the microbiome, as well as discussing the relative merits and potential harms of antibiotic prophylaxis. Finally, we describe the particular challenge of methicillin-resistant S. aureus. SUMMARY We describe research underway that will address the long-held contentious issues of antibiotic prophylaxis. We also describe the emerging research interest in determining whether, at differences phases in the evolution of CF airways infection, S. aureus infection can have both harmful and protective effects for the host.
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Quorum Sensing as Antivirulence Target in Cystic Fibrosis Pathogens. Int J Mol Sci 2019; 20:ijms20081838. [PMID: 31013936 PMCID: PMC6515091 DOI: 10.3390/ijms20081838] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/19/2019] [Revised: 04/11/2019] [Accepted: 04/11/2019] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Cystic fibrosis (CF) is an autosomal recessive genetic disorder which leads to the secretion of a viscous mucus layer on the respiratory epithelium that facilitates colonization by various bacterial pathogens. The problem of drug resistance has been reported for all the species able to colonize the lung of CF patients, so alternative treatments are urgently needed. In this context, a valid approach is to investigate new natural and synthetic molecules for their ability to counteract alternative pathways, such as virulence regulating quorum sensing (QS). In this review we describe the pathogens most commonly associated with CF lung infections: Staphylococcus aureus, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, species of the Burkholderia cepacia complex and the emerging pathogens Stenotrophomonas maltophilia, Haemophilus influenzae and non-tuberculous Mycobacteria. For each bacterium, the QS system(s) and the molecules targeting the different components of this pathway are described. The amount of investigations published in the last five years clearly indicate the interest and the expectations on antivirulence therapy as an alternative to classical antibiotics.
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Limoli DH, Hoffman LR. Help, hinder, hide and harm: what can we learn from the interactions between Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Staphylococcus aureus during respiratory infections? Thorax 2019; 74:684-692. [PMID: 30777898 PMCID: PMC6585302 DOI: 10.1136/thoraxjnl-2018-212616] [Citation(s) in RCA: 96] [Impact Index Per Article: 19.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/18/2018] [Revised: 01/10/2019] [Accepted: 01/14/2019] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Recent studies of human respiratory secretions using culture-independent techniques have found a surprisingly diverse array of microbes. Interactions among these community members can profoundly impact microbial survival, persistence and antibiotic susceptibility and, consequently, disease progression. Studies of polymicrobial interactions in the human microbiota have shown that the taxonomic and structural compositions, and resulting behaviours, of microbial communities differ substantially from those of the individual constituent species and in ways of clinical importance. These studies primarily involved oral and gastrointestinal microbiomes. While the field of polymicrobial respiratory disease is relatively young, early findings suggest that respiratory tract microbiota members also compete and cooperate in ways that may influence disease outcomes. Ongoing efforts therefore focus on how these findings can inform more 'enlightened', rational approaches to combat respiratory infections. Among the most common respiratory diseases involving polymicrobial infections are cystic fibrosis (CF), non-CF bronchiectasis, COPD and ventilator-associated pneumonia. While respiratory microbiota can be diverse, two of the most common and best-studied members are Staphylococcus aureus and Pseudomonas aeruginosa, which exhibit a range of competitive and cooperative interactions. Here, we review the state of research on pulmonary coinfection with these pathogens, including their prevalence, combined and independent associations with patient outcomes, and mechanisms of those interactions that could influence lung health. Because P. aeruginosa-S. aureus coinfection is common and well studied in CF, this disease serves as the paradigm for our discussions on these two organisms and inform our recommendations for future studies of polymicrobial interactions in pulmonary disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dominique Hope Limoli
- Microbiology and Immunology, University of Iowa Roy J and Lucille A Carver College of Medicine, Iowa City, Iowa, USA
| | - Lucas R Hoffman
- Departments of Pediatrics and Microbiology, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, USA
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33
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Hurley MN. Staphylococcus aureus in cystic fibrosis: problem bug or an innocent bystander? Breathe (Sheff) 2018; 14:87-90. [PMID: 29877519 PMCID: PMC5980475 DOI: 10.1183/20734735.014718] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Staphylococcus aureus in cystic fibrosis: problem bug or an innocent bystander? The jury requires more evidence http://ow.ly/HQjk30j3nmL.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matthew N. Hurley
- Paediatric Respiratory Medicine, Nottingham Children’s Hospital, Nottingham, UK
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