1
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Seo EH, Song GY, Oh CS, Kim SH, Kim WS, Lee SH. CD103 + Cells and Chemokine Receptor Expression in Breast Cancer. Immune Netw 2023; 23:e25. [PMID: 37416930 PMCID: PMC10320418 DOI: 10.4110/in.2023.23.e25] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2023] [Revised: 02/26/2023] [Accepted: 04/06/2023] [Indexed: 07/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Mucosal environments harbour lymphocytes, which express several adhesion molecules, including intestinal homing receptors and integrin αE/β7 (CD103). CD103 binds E-cadherin, an integrin receptor expressed in intestinal endothelial cells. Its expression not only enables homing or retention of T lymphocytes at these sites but is also associated with increased T lymphocyte activation. However, it is not yet clear how CD103 expression is related to the clinical staging of breast cancer, which is determined by factors such as the size of the tumor (T), the involvement of nearby lymph nodes (N), and presence of metastasis (M). We examined the prognostic significance of CD103 by FACS in 53 breast cancer patients and 46 healthy controls enrolled, and investigated its expression, which contributes to lymphocyte recruitment in tumor tissue. Patients with breast cancer showed increased frequencies of CD103+, CD4+CD103+, and CD8+CD103+ cells compared to controls. CD103 was expressed at a high level on the surfaces of tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes in patients with breast cancer. Its expression in peripheral blood was not correlated with clinical TNM stage. To determine the localisation of CD103+ cells in breast tissue, tissue sections of breast tumors were stained for CD103. In tissue sections of breast tumors stained for CD103, its expression in T lymphocytes was higher compared to normal breast tissue. In addition, CD103+ cells expressed higher levels of receptors for inflammatory chemokines, compared to CD103- cells. CD103+ cells in peripheral blood and tumor tissue might be an important source of tumor-infiltrating lymphocyte trafficking, homing, and retention in cancer patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eun-Hye Seo
- BK21 Plus, Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, Konkuk University School of Medicine, Seoul 05030, Korea
| | - Ga-Yun Song
- Department of Infection and Immunology, Konkuk University School of Medicine, Seoul 05030, Korea
| | - Chung-Sik Oh
- Department of Anesthesiology and Pain Medicine, Konkuk University Medical Center, Konkuk University School of Medicine, Seoul 05030, Korea
- Research Institute of Medical Science, Konkuk University School of Medicine, Seoul 05030, Korea
| | - Seong-Hyop Kim
- Department of Anesthesiology and Pain Medicine, Konkuk University Medical Center, Konkuk University School of Medicine, Seoul 05030, Korea
- Research Institute of Medical Science, Konkuk University School of Medicine, Seoul 05030, Korea
| | - Wan-Seop Kim
- Research Institute of Medical Science, Konkuk University School of Medicine, Seoul 05030, Korea
- Department of Pathology, Konkuk University Medical Center, Konkuk University School of Medicine, Seoul 05030, Korea
| | - Seung-Hyun Lee
- Department of Infection and Immunology, Konkuk University School of Medicine, Seoul 05030, Korea
- Research Institute of Medical Science, Konkuk University School of Medicine, Seoul 05030, Korea
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2
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Tkachev V, Kaminski J, Potter EL, Furlan SN, Yu A, Hunt DJ, McGuckin C, Zheng H, Colonna L, Gerdemann U, Carlson J, Hoffman M, Olvera J, English C, Baldessari A, Panoskaltsis-Mortari A, Watkins B, Qayed M, Suessmuth Y, Betz K, Bratrude B, Langston A, Horan JT, Ordovas-Montanes J, Shalek AK, Blazar BR, Roederer M, Kean LS. Spatiotemporal single-cell profiling reveals that invasive and tissue-resident memory donor CD8 + T cells drive gastrointestinal acute graft-versus-host disease. Sci Transl Med 2021; 13:13/576/eabc0227. [PMID: 33441422 DOI: 10.1126/scitranslmed.abc0227] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/08/2020] [Accepted: 12/11/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Organ infiltration by donor T cells is critical to the development of acute graft-versus-host disease (aGVHD) in recipients after allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplant (allo-HCT). However, deconvoluting the transcriptional programs of newly recruited donor T cells from those of tissue-resident T cells in aGVHD target organs remains a challenge. Here, we combined the serial intravascular staining technique with single-cell RNA sequencing to dissect the tightly connected processes by which donor T cells initially infiltrate tissues and then establish a pathogenic tissue residency program in a rhesus macaque allo-HCT model that develops aGVHD. Our results enabled creation of a spatiotemporal map of the transcriptional programs controlling donor CD8+ T cell infiltration into the primary aGVHD target organ, the gastrointestinal (GI) tract. We identified the large and small intestines as the only two sites demonstrating allo-specific, rather than lymphodepletion-driven, T cell infiltration. GI-infiltrating donor CD8+ T cells demonstrated a highly activated, cytotoxic phenotype while simultaneously developing a canonical tissue-resident memory T cell (TRM) transcriptional signature driven by interleukin-15 (IL-15)/IL-21 signaling. We found expression of a cluster of genes directly associated with tissue invasiveness, including those encoding adhesion molecules (ITGB2), specific chemokines (CCL3 and CCL4L1) and chemokine receptors (CD74), as well as multiple cytoskeletal proteins. This tissue invasion transcriptional signature was validated by its ability to discriminate the CD8+ T cell transcriptome of patients with GI aGVHD from those of GVHD-free patients. These results provide insights into the mechanisms controlling tissue occupancy of target organs by pathogenic donor CD8+ TRM cells during aGVHD in primate transplant recipients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Victor Tkachev
- Division of Pediatric Hematology/Oncology, Boston Children's Hospital, Department of Pediatric Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Department of Pediatrics, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA.
| | - James Kaminski
- Division of Pediatric Hematology/Oncology, Boston Children's Hospital, Department of Pediatric Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Department of Pediatrics, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA.,Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA 02142, USA
| | - E Lake Potter
- Vaccine Research Center, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20858, USA
| | - Scott N Furlan
- Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Department of Pediatrics, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98109, USA
| | - Alison Yu
- Division of Pediatric Hematology/Oncology, Boston Children's Hospital, Department of Pediatric Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Department of Pediatrics, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Daniel J Hunt
- Division of Pediatric Hematology/Oncology, Boston Children's Hospital, Department of Pediatric Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Department of Pediatrics, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Connor McGuckin
- Division of Pediatric Hematology/Oncology, Boston Children's Hospital, Department of Pediatric Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Department of Pediatrics, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Hengqi Zheng
- University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98195, USA
| | - Lucrezia Colonna
- Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Department of Pediatrics, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98109, USA
| | - Ulrike Gerdemann
- Division of Pediatric Hematology/Oncology, Boston Children's Hospital, Department of Pediatric Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Department of Pediatrics, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | | | - Michelle Hoffman
- Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Department of Pediatrics, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98109, USA
| | - Joe Olvera
- Division of Pediatric Hematology/Oncology, Boston Children's Hospital, Department of Pediatric Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Department of Pediatrics, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Chris English
- Washington National Primate Research Center, Seattle, WA 98195, USA
| | | | - Angela Panoskaltsis-Mortari
- Division of Blood and Marrow Transplantation, Department of Pediatrics, Masonic Cancer Center, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN 55454, USA
| | | | - Muna Qayed
- Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA 30322, USA
| | | | - Kayla Betz
- Division of Pediatric Hematology/Oncology, Boston Children's Hospital, Department of Pediatric Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Department of Pediatrics, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Brandi Bratrude
- Division of Pediatric Hematology/Oncology, Boston Children's Hospital, Department of Pediatric Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Department of Pediatrics, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | | | - John T Horan
- Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA 30322, USA
| | - Jose Ordovas-Montanes
- Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA 02142, USA.,Division of Gastroenterology, Boston Children's Hospital and Program in Immunology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA.,Harvard Stem Cell Institute, Cambridge, MA 02138, USA
| | - Alex K Shalek
- Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA 02142, USA.,Institute for Medical Engineering and Science (IMES), Department of Chemistry, and Koch Institute for Integrative Cancer Research, MIT, Cambridge, MA 02142, USA.,Ragon Institute of MGH, MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA
| | - Bruce R Blazar
- Division of Blood and Marrow Transplantation, Department of Pediatrics, Masonic Cancer Center, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN 55454, USA
| | - Mario Roederer
- Vaccine Research Center, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20858, USA
| | - Leslie S Kean
- Division of Pediatric Hematology/Oncology, Boston Children's Hospital, Department of Pediatric Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Department of Pediatrics, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA.
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3
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Jhun M, Panwar A, Cordner R, Irvin DK, Veiga L, Yeager N, Pechnick RN, Schubloom H, Black KL, Wheeler CJ. CD103 Deficiency Promotes Autism (ASD) and Attention-Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) Behavioral Spectra and Reduces Age-Related Cognitive Decline. Front Neurol 2021; 11:557269. [PMID: 33424735 PMCID: PMC7786306 DOI: 10.3389/fneur.2020.557269] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2020] [Accepted: 12/03/2020] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
The incidence of autism spectrum disorders (ASD) and attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD), which frequently co-occur, are both rising. The causes of ASD and ADHD remain elusive, even as both appear to involve perturbation of the gut-brain-immune axis. CD103 is an integrin and E-cadherin receptor most prominently expressed on CD8 T cells that reside in gut, brain, and other tissues. CD103 deficiency is well-known to impair gut immunity and resident T cell function, but it's impact on neurodevelopmental disorders has not been examined. We show here that CD8 T cells influence neural progenitor cell function, and that CD103 modulates this impact both directly and potentially by controlling CD8 levels in brain. CD103 knockout (CD103KO) mice exhibited a variety of behavioral abnormalities, including superior cognitive performance coupled with repetitive behavior, aversion to novelty and social impairment in females, with hyperactivity with delayed learning in males. Brain protein markers in female and male CD103KOs coincided with known aspects of ASD and ADHD in humans, respectively. Surprisingly, CD103 deficiency also decreased age-related cognitive decline in both sexes, albeit by distinct means. Together, our findings reveal a novel role for CD103 in brain developmental function, and identify it as a unique factor linking ASD and ADHD etiology. Our data also introduce a new animal model of combined ASD and ADHD with associated cognitive benefits, and reveal potential therapeutic targets for these disorders and age-related cognitive decline.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michelle Jhun
- Department of Neurosurgery, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Maxine Dunitz Neurosurgical Institute, Los Angeles, CA, United States
| | - Akanksha Panwar
- Department of Neurosurgery, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Maxine Dunitz Neurosurgical Institute, Los Angeles, CA, United States
| | - Ryan Cordner
- Department of Neurosurgery, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Maxine Dunitz Neurosurgical Institute, Los Angeles, CA, United States.,Department Biomedical & Translational Sciences, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA, United States
| | - Dwain K Irvin
- Department of Neurosurgery, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Maxine Dunitz Neurosurgical Institute, Los Angeles, CA, United States.,StemVax Therapeutics, Chesterland, OH, United States
| | - Lucia Veiga
- Department of Neurosurgery, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Maxine Dunitz Neurosurgical Institute, Los Angeles, CA, United States
| | - Nicole Yeager
- Department Biomedical & Translational Sciences, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA, United States
| | - Robert N Pechnick
- Department of Basic Medical Sciences, College of Osteopathic Medicine of the Pacific, Western University of Health Sciences, Pomona, CA, United States
| | - Hanna Schubloom
- Department of Neurosurgery, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Maxine Dunitz Neurosurgical Institute, Los Angeles, CA, United States
| | - Keith L Black
- Department of Neurosurgery, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Maxine Dunitz Neurosurgical Institute, Los Angeles, CA, United States
| | - Christopher J Wheeler
- Department of Neurosurgery, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Maxine Dunitz Neurosurgical Institute, Los Angeles, CA, United States.,Society for Brain Mapping & Therapeutics, Brain Mapping Foundation, Santa Monica, CA, United States.,T-Neuro Pharma, Inc., Albuquerque, NM, United States
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4
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Nguyen H, Alawieh A, Bastian D, Kuril S, Dai M, Daenthanasanmak A, Zhang M, Iamsawat S, Schutt SD, Wu Y, Sleiman MM, Shetty A, Atkinson C, Sun S, Varela JC, Tomlinson S, Yu XZ. Targeting the Complement Alternative Pathway Permits Graft Versus Leukemia Activity while Preventing Graft Versus Host Disease. Clin Cancer Res 2020; 26:3481-3490. [PMID: 31919135 PMCID: PMC7334060 DOI: 10.1158/1078-0432.ccr-19-1717] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/24/2019] [Revised: 10/03/2019] [Accepted: 12/20/2019] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE Application of allogeneic hematopoietic cell transplantation (allo-HCT) for patients with hematologic disorders is limited by the development of GVHD. Separation of GVHD and graft-versus-leukemia (GVL) remains a great challenge in the field. We investigated the contribution of individual pathways involved in the complement cascade in GVH and GVL responses to identify specific targets by which to separate these two processes. EXPERIMENTAL DESIGN We used multiple preclinical murine and human-to-mouse xenograft models involving allo-HCT recipients lacking components of the alternative pathway (AP) or classical pathway (CP)/lectin pathway (LP) to dissect the role of each individual pathway in GVHD pathogenesis and the GVL effect. For translational purposes, we used the AP-specific complement inhibitor, CR2-fH, which localizes in injured target organs to allow specific blockade of complement activation at sites of inflammation. RESULTS Complement deposition was evident in intestines of mice and patients with GVHD. In a preclinical setting, ablation of the AP, but not the CP/LP, significantly improved GVHD outcomes. Complement activation through the AP in host hematopoietic cells, and specifically dendritic cells (DC), was required for GVHD progression. AP deficiency in recipients decreased donor T-cell migration and Th1/Th2 differentiation, while increasing the generation of regulatory T cells. This was because of decreased activation and stimulatory activity of recipient DCs in GVHD target organs. Treatment with CR2-fH effectively prevented GVHD while preserving GVL activity. CONCLUSIONS This study highlights the AP as a new therapeutic target to prevent GVHD and tumor relapse after allo-HCT. Targeting the AP by CR2-fH represents a promising therapeutic approach for GVHD treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hung Nguyen
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, South Carolina.
| | - Ali Alawieh
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, South Carolina
- Medical Scientist Training Program, College of Medicine, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, South Carolina
| | - David Bastian
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, South Carolina
| | - Sandeepkumar Kuril
- Department of Pediatric, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, South Carolina
| | - Min Dai
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, South Carolina
| | - Anusara Daenthanasanmak
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, South Carolina
| | - Mengmeng Zhang
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, South Carolina
| | - Supinya Iamsawat
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, South Carolina
| | - Steven D Schutt
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, South Carolina
| | - Yongxia Wu
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, South Carolina
| | - M Mahdi Sleiman
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, South Carolina
| | - Akshay Shetty
- Department of Pathology, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, South Carolina
| | - Carl Atkinson
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, South Carolina
- Department of Surgery, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, South Carolina
| | - Shaoli Sun
- Department of Pathology, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, South Carolina
| | - Juan Carlos Varela
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, South Carolina
| | - Stephen Tomlinson
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, South Carolina
- Ralph H. Johnson Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, South Carolina
| | - Xue-Zhong Yu
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, South Carolina.
- Department of Medicine, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, South Carolina
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5
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Kitazawa Y, Ueta H, Sawanobori Y, Katakai T, Yoneyama H, Ueha S, Matsushima K, Tokuda N, Matsuno K. Novel Targeting to XCR1 + Dendritic Cells Using Allogeneic T Cells for Polytopical Antibody Responses in the Lymph Nodes. Front Immunol 2019; 10:1195. [PMID: 31191552 PMCID: PMC6548820 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2019.01195] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/09/2018] [Accepted: 05/10/2019] [Indexed: 01/23/2023] Open
Abstract
Vaccination strategy that induce efficient antibody responses polytopically in most lymph nodes (LNs) against infections has not been established yet. Because donor-specific blood transfusion induces anti-donor class I MHC antibody production in splenectomized rats, we examined the mechanism and significance of this response. Among the donor blood components, T cells were the most efficient immunogens, inducing recipient T cell and B cell proliferative responses not only in the spleen, but also in the peripheral and gut LNs. Donor T cells soon migrated to the splenic T cell area and the LNs, with a temporary significant increase in recipient NK cells. XCR1+ resident dendritic cells (DCs), but not XCR1− DCs, selectively phagocytosed donor class I MHC+ fragments after 1 day. After 1.5 days, both DC subsets formed clusters with recipient CD4+ T cells, which proliferated within these clusters. Inhibition of donor T cell migration or depletion of NK cells by pretreatment with pertussis toxin or anti-asialoGM1 antibody, respectively, significantly suppressed DC phagocytosis and subsequent immune responses. Three allogeneic strains with different NK activities had the same response but with different intensity. Donor T cell proliferation was not required, indicating that the graft vs. host reaction is dispensable. Intravenous transfer of antigen-labeled and mitotic inhibitor-treated allogeneic, but not syngeneic, T cells induced a polytopical antibody response to labeled antigens in the LNs of splenectomized rats. These results demonstrate a novel mechanism of alloresponses polytopically in the secondary lymphoid organs (SLOs) induced by allogeneic T cells. Donor T cells behave as self-migratory antigen ferries to be delivered to resident XCR1+ DCs with negligible commitment of migratory DCs. Allogeneic T cells may be clinically applicable as vaccine vectors for polytopical prophylactic antibody production even in asplenic or hyposplenic individuals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yusuke Kitazawa
- Department of Anatomy (Macro), School of Medicine, Dokkyo Medical University, Tochigi, Japan
| | - Hisashi Ueta
- Department of Anatomy (Macro), School of Medicine, Dokkyo Medical University, Tochigi, Japan
| | - Yasushi Sawanobori
- Department of Anatomy (Macro), School of Medicine, Dokkyo Medical University, Tochigi, Japan
| | - Tomoya Katakai
- Department of Immunology, Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Niigata University, Niigata, Japan
| | | | - Satoshi Ueha
- Division of Molecular Regulation of Inflammatory and Immune Diseases, Research Institute for Biomedical Sciences, Tokyo University of Science, Chiba, Japan
| | - Kouji Matsushima
- Division of Molecular Regulation of Inflammatory and Immune Diseases, Research Institute for Biomedical Sciences, Tokyo University of Science, Chiba, Japan
| | - Nobuko Tokuda
- Department of Anatomy (Macro), School of Medicine, Dokkyo Medical University, Tochigi, Japan
| | - Kenjiro Matsuno
- Department of Anatomy (Macro), School of Medicine, Dokkyo Medical University, Tochigi, Japan
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6
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Ueta H, Kitazawa Y, Sawanobori Y, Ueno T, Ueha S, Matsushima K, Matsuno K. Single blood transfusion induces the production of donor-specific alloantibodies and regulatory T cells mainly in the spleen. Int Immunol 2019; 30:53-67. [PMID: 29361165 PMCID: PMC5892146 DOI: 10.1093/intimm/dxx078] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2017] [Accepted: 12/29/2017] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
Donor-specific blood transfusion is known to induce alloresponses and lead to immunosuppression. We examined their underlying mechanisms by employing fully allogeneic rat combinations. Transfused recipients efficiently produced alloantibodies of the IgM and IgG subclasses directed against donor class I MHC. The recipients exhibited active expansion of CD4+ T cells and CD4+FOXP3+ regulatory T cells (Treg cells), followed by CD45R+ B cells and IgM+ or IgG subclass+ antibody-forming cells mainly in the spleen. From 1.5 days, the resident MHCII+CD103+ dendritic cells (DCs) in the splenic T-cell area, periarterial lymphocyte sheath, formed clusters with recipient BrdU+ or 5-ethynyl-2′-deoxyuridine+ cells, from which the proliferative response of CD4+ T cells originated peaking at 3–4 days. Transfusion-induced antibodies had donor passenger cell-depleting activity in vitro and in vivo and could suppress acute GvH disease caused by donor T cells. Furthermore, Treg cells significantly suppressed mixed leukocyte reactions in a donor-specific manner. In conclusion, single blood transfusion efficiently induced a helper T-cell-dependent anti-donor class I MHC antibody-forming cell response with immunoglobulin class switching, and a donor-specific Treg cell response mainly in the spleen, probably by way of the indirect allorecognition via resident DCs. These antibodies and Treg cells may be involved, at least partly, in the donor-specific transfusion-induced suppression of allograft rejection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hisashi Ueta
- Department of Anatomy (Macro), Dokkyo Medical University School of Medicine, Tochigi, Japan
| | - Yusuke Kitazawa
- Department of Anatomy (Macro), Dokkyo Medical University School of Medicine, Tochigi, Japan
| | - Yasushi Sawanobori
- Department of Anatomy (Macro), Dokkyo Medical University School of Medicine, Tochigi, Japan
| | - Takamasa Ueno
- Center for AIDS Research.,International Research Center for Medical Sciences (IRCMS), Kumamoto University, Kumamoto, Japan
| | - Satoshi Ueha
- Department of Molecular Preventive Medicine, Graduate School of Medicine, University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Kouji Matsushima
- Department of Molecular Preventive Medicine, Graduate School of Medicine, University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Kenjiro Matsuno
- Department of Anatomy (Macro), Dokkyo Medical University School of Medicine, Tochigi, Japan
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7
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Uchida T, Ueta H, Xu XD, Hirakawa J, Tahara K, Zhou S, Sawanobori Y, Simmons S, Kitazawa Y, Kawashima H, Matsuno K. Rapid immunosurveillance by recirculating lymphocytes in the rat intestine: critical role of unsulfated sialyl-Lewis X on high endothelial venules of the Peyer's patches. Int Immunol 2018; 30:23-33. [PMID: 29365122 PMCID: PMC5917783 DOI: 10.1093/intimm/dxx072] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/25/2017] [Accepted: 01/03/2018] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Naive lymphocytes systemically recirculate for immunosurveillance inspecting foreign antigens and pathogens in the body. Trafficking behavior such as the migration pathway and transit time within the gastrointestinal tract, however, remains to be elucidated. Rat thoracic duct lymphocytes (TDLs) were transferred to a congeneic host that had undergone mesenteric lymphadenectomy. The migration pathway was investigated using newly developed four-color immunohistochemistry and immunofluorescence. Donor TDLs showed rapid transition in gut tissues from which they emerged in mesenteric lymph around 4 h after intravenous injection. Immunohistochemistry showed that donor TDLs predominantly transmigrated across high endothelial venules (HEVs) at the interfollicular area of the Peyer's patches (PPs), then exited into the LYVE-1+ efferent lymphatics, that were close to the venules. The rapid recirculation depended largely on the local expression of unsulfated sialyl-Lewis X on these venules where putative dendritic cells (DCs) were associated underneath. Recruited naive T cells briefly made contact with resident DCs before exiting to the lymphatics in the steady state. In some transplant settings, however, the T cells retained contact with DCs and were sensitized and differentiated into activated T cells. In conclusion, we directly demonstrated that lymphocyte recirculation within the gut is a very rapid process. The interfollicular area of PPs functions as a strategically central site for rapid immunosurveillance where HEVs, efferent lymphatics and resident DCs converge. PPs can, however, generate alloreactive T cells, leading to exacerbation of graft-versus-host disease or gut allograft rejection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tomomi Uchida
- Department of Anatomy (Macro), Dokkyo Medical University, School of Medicine, Tochigi, Japan
| | - Hisashi Ueta
- Department of Anatomy (Macro), Dokkyo Medical University, School of Medicine, Tochigi, Japan
| | - Xue-Dong Xu
- Department of General Surgery, Dalian Medical University, 1st Affiliated Hospital, Dalian, China
| | - Jotaro Hirakawa
- Laboratory of Microbiology and Molecular Genetics, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Chiba University, Chiba, Japan
| | - Kazunori Tahara
- Division of Surgery, Department of Surgical Specialties, National Center for Child Health and Development, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Shu Zhou
- Department of Gynecology, Dalian Medical University, 1st Affiliated Hospital, Dalian, China
| | - Yasushi Sawanobori
- Department of Anatomy (Macro), Dokkyo Medical University, School of Medicine, Tochigi, Japan
| | - Szandor Simmons
- Department of Immunology and Cell Biology, Graduate School of Medicine and Frontier Biosciences and WPI-Immunology Frontier Research Center, Osaka University, Osaka, Japan
| | - Yusuke Kitazawa
- Department of Anatomy (Macro), Dokkyo Medical University, School of Medicine, Tochigi, Japan
| | - Hiroto Kawashima
- Laboratory of Microbiology and Molecular Genetics, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Chiba University, Chiba, Japan
| | - Kenjiro Matsuno
- Department of Anatomy (Macro), Dokkyo Medical University, School of Medicine, Tochigi, Japan
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8
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Hardenberg JHB, Braun A, Schön MP. A Yin and Yang in Epithelial Immunology: The Roles of the α E(CD103)β 7 Integrin in T Cells. J Invest Dermatol 2017; 138:23-31. [PMID: 28941625 DOI: 10.1016/j.jid.2017.05.026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/24/2017] [Revised: 05/21/2017] [Accepted: 05/31/2017] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Abstract
The proper function(s) of cell-surface receptors is crucial for the regulation of adaptive immune responses. One such receptor is the αE(CD103)β7 integrin, whose history in science is closely linked with the evolution of our knowledge of immune regulation. Initially described as a marker of intraepithelial T-lymphocytes, this leukocyte integrin is now seen as a dynamically regulated receptor involved in the functional differentiation of some cytotoxic T cells as well as regulatory T cells, thus presumably contributing to the fine-tuning of immune reactions in epithelial compartments. In this brief overview, we delineate our current view on αE(CD103)β7 in T-cell-mediated immune responses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jan-Hendrik B Hardenberg
- Department of Dermatology, Venereology and Allergology, University Medical Center Georg August University, Göttingen, Germany
| | - Andrea Braun
- Department of Dermatology, Venereology and Allergology, University Medical Center Georg August University, Göttingen, Germany; Lower Saxony Institute of Occupational Dermatology, University Medical Center Göttingen and University of Osnabrück, Germany
| | - Michael P Schön
- Department of Dermatology, Venereology and Allergology, University Medical Center Georg August University, Göttingen, Germany; Lower Saxony Institute of Occupational Dermatology, University Medical Center Göttingen and University of Osnabrück, Germany.
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9
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Yu E, Ueta H, Kimura H, Kitazawa Y, Sawanobori Y, Matsuno K. Graft-Versus-Host Disease Following Liver Transplantation: Development of a High-Incidence Rat Model and a Selective Prevention Method. Am J Transplant 2017; 17:979-991. [PMID: 27732765 DOI: 10.1111/ajt.14077] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2016] [Revised: 10/03/2016] [Accepted: 10/04/2016] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
Abstract
Graft-versus-host disease (GvHD) following liver transplantation (LT) is a rare but serious complication with no presently available animal model and no preventive measures. To develop a rat model of GvHD after LT (LT-GvHD), we preconditioned hosts with sublethal irradiation plus reduction of natural killer (NK) cells with anti-CD8α mAb treatment, which invariably resulted in acute LT-GvHD. Compared with those in the peripheral counterpart, graft CD4+ CD25- passenger T cells showed lower alloreactivities in mixed leukocyte culture. Immunohistology revealed that donor CD4+ T cells migrated and formed clusters with host dendritic cells in secondary lymphoid organs, with early expansion and subsequent accumulation in target organs. For selectively preventing GvHD, donor livers were perfused ex vivo with organ preservation media containing anti-TCRαβ mAb. T cell-depleted livers almost completely suppressed clinical GvHD such that host rats survived for >100 days. Our results showed that passenger T cells could develop typical LT-GvHD if resistant cells such as host radiosensitive cells and host radioresistant NK cells were suppressed. Selective ex vivo T cell depletion prevented LT-GvHD without affecting host immunity or graft function. This method might be applicable to clinical LT in prediagnosed high-risk donor-recipient combinations and for analyzing immunoregulatory mechanisms of the liver.
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Affiliation(s)
- E Yu
- Department of Anatomy (Macro), Dokkyo Medical University, Tochigi, Japan.,Department of Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, China
| | - H Ueta
- Department of Anatomy (Macro), Dokkyo Medical University, Tochigi, Japan
| | - H Kimura
- Department of Anatomy (Macro), Dokkyo Medical University, Tochigi, Japan
| | - Y Kitazawa
- Department of Anatomy (Macro), Dokkyo Medical University, Tochigi, Japan
| | - Y Sawanobori
- Department of Anatomy (Macro), Dokkyo Medical University, Tochigi, Japan
| | - K Matsuno
- Department of Anatomy (Macro), Dokkyo Medical University, Tochigi, Japan
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10
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Boieri M, Shah P, Dressel R, Inngjerdingen M. The Role of Animal Models in the Study of Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation and GvHD: A Historical Overview. Front Immunol 2016; 7:333. [PMID: 27625651 PMCID: PMC5003882 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2016.00333] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2016] [Accepted: 08/18/2016] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Bone marrow transplantation (BMT) is the only therapeutic option for many hematological malignancies, but its applicability is limited by life-threatening complications, such as graft-versus-host disease (GvHD). The last decades have seen great advances in the understanding of BMT and its related complications; in particular GvHD. Animal models are beneficial to study complex diseases, as they allow dissecting the contribution of single components in the development of the disease. Most of the current knowledge on the therapeutic mechanisms of BMT derives from studies in animal models. Parallel to BMT, the understanding of the pathophysiology of GvHD, as well as the development of new treatment regimens, has also been supported by studies in animal models. Pre-clinical experimentation is the basis for deep understanding and successful improvements of clinical applications. In this review, we retrace the history of BMT and GvHD by describing how the studies in animal models have paved the way to the many advances in the field. We also describe how animal models contributed to the understanding of GvHD pathophysiology and how they are fundamental for the discovery of new treatments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Margherita Boieri
- Department of Molecular Medicine, Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway; Department of Immunology, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway
| | - Pranali Shah
- Institute of Cellular and Molecular Immunology, University Medical Center Göttingen , Göttingen , Germany
| | - Ralf Dressel
- Institute of Cellular and Molecular Immunology, University Medical Center Göttingen , Göttingen , Germany
| | - Marit Inngjerdingen
- Department of Molecular Medicine, Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway; Department of Immunology, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway
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11
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Yu E, Goto M, Ueta H, Kitazawa Y, Sawanobori Y, Kariya T, Sasaki M, Matsuno K. Expression of area-specific M2-macrophage phenotype by recruited rat monocytes in duct-ligation pancreatitis. Histochem Cell Biol 2016; 145:659-73. [PMID: 26860866 PMCID: PMC4848343 DOI: 10.1007/s00418-016-1406-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 01/06/2016] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
Abstract
Acute pancreatitis remains a disease of uncertain pathogenesis and no established specific therapy. Previously, we found a predominant increase and active proliferation of macrophages in the inflamed tissues of a rat duct-ligation pancreatitis model. To analyze the origin and possible role of these macrophages, we investigated their in situ cellular kinetics in a rat model of duct-ligation pancreatitis using a recently established method of multicolor immunostaining for macrophage markers and for proliferating cells with ethynyl deoxyuridine. To detect monocyte-derived macrophages, green fluorescent protein-transgenic (GFP+) leukocytes were transferred to monocyte-depleted recipients. In the inflamed pancreas, infiltrating macrophages were mainly two phenotypes, CD68+CD163− round cells and CD68+CD163+ large polygonal cells, both of which showed active proliferation. In the interlobular area, the proportions of CD68+CD163low and CD68+CD163high cells increased over time. Most expressed the M2-macrophage markers CD206 and arginase 1. In contrast, in the interacinar area, CD68+ cells did not upregulate CD163 and CD206, but ~30 % of them expressed the M1 marker nitric oxide synthase 2 on day 4. GFP+-recruited cells were primarily CD68+CD163− monocytes on day 1 and showed phenotypic changes similar to those of the monocyte non-depleted groups. In conclusion, infiltrating macrophages mostly formed two distinct subpopulations in different areas: monocyte-derived macrophages with the M2 phenotype in the interlobular area or non-M2 phenotype in the interacinar area. Involvement of resident macrophages might be minor in this model. These results are the first demonstration of an upregulated M2 phenotype in rat inflammatory monocytes, which may promote tissue repair.
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Affiliation(s)
- Enqiao Yu
- Department of Anatomy (Macro), School of Medicine, Dokkyo Medical University, Mibu, Tochigi, 321-0293, Japan.,Department of General Surgery, Affiliated Wujiang Hospital of Nantong University, Suzhou, Jiangsu, China
| | - Mataro Goto
- NHO Miyakonojo Medical Center, Miyazaki, Japan
| | - Hisashi Ueta
- Department of Anatomy (Macro), School of Medicine, Dokkyo Medical University, Mibu, Tochigi, 321-0293, Japan
| | - Yusuke Kitazawa
- Department of Anatomy (Macro), School of Medicine, Dokkyo Medical University, Mibu, Tochigi, 321-0293, Japan
| | - Yasushi Sawanobori
- Department of Anatomy (Macro), School of Medicine, Dokkyo Medical University, Mibu, Tochigi, 321-0293, Japan
| | - Taro Kariya
- Department of Anatomy (Macro), School of Medicine, Dokkyo Medical University, Mibu, Tochigi, 321-0293, Japan
| | - Masaru Sasaki
- Department of Anatomy (Macro), School of Medicine, Dokkyo Medical University, Mibu, Tochigi, 321-0293, Japan
| | - Kenjiro Matsuno
- Department of Anatomy (Macro), School of Medicine, Dokkyo Medical University, Mibu, Tochigi, 321-0293, Japan.
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12
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Becker AM, Callahan DJ, Richner JM, Choi J, DiPersio JF, Diamond MS, Bhattacharya D. GPR18 Controls Reconstitution of Mouse Small Intestine Intraepithelial Lymphocytes following Bone Marrow Transplantation. PLoS One 2015. [PMID: 26197390 PMCID: PMC4510063 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0133854] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Specific G protein coupled receptors (GPRs) regulate the proper positioning, function, and development of immune lineage subsets. Here, we demonstrate that GPR18 regulates the reconstitution of intraepithelial lymphocytes (IELs) of the small intestine following bone marrow transplantation. Through analysis of transcriptional microarray data, we find that GPR18 is highly expressed in IELs, lymphoid progenitors, and mature follicular B cells. To establish the physiological role of this largely uncharacterized GPR, we generated Gpr18-/- mice. Despite high levels of GPR18 expression in specific hematopoietic progenitors, Gpr18-/- mice have no defects in lymphopoiesis or myelopoiesis. Moreover, antibody responses following immunization with hapten-protein conjugates or infection with West Nile virus are normal in Gpr18-/- mice. Steady-state numbers of IELs are also normal in Gpr18-/- mice. However, competitive bone marrow reconstitution experiments demonstrate that GPR18 is cell-intrinsically required for the optimal restoration of small intestine TCRγδ+ and TCRαβ+ CD8αα+ IELs. In contrast, GPR18 is dispensable for the reconstitution of large intestine IELs. Moreover, Gpr18-/- bone marrow reconstitutes small intestine IELs similarly to controls in athymic recipients. Gpr18-/- chimeras show no changes in susceptibility to intestinal insults such as Citrobacter rodentium infections or graft versus host disease. These data reveal highly specific requirements for GPR18 in the development and reconstitution of thymus-derived intestinal IEL subsets in the steady-state and after bone marrow transplantation.
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MESH Headings
- Animals
- B-Lymphocytes/cytology
- Bone Marrow Cells/cytology
- Bone Marrow Transplantation
- Citrobacter
- Female
- Graft vs Host Disease
- Hematopoietic Stem Cells/cytology
- Intestinal Mucosa/metabolism
- Intestine, Small/metabolism
- Lymphocytes/cytology
- Male
- Mice
- Mice, Inbred C57BL
- Mice, Transgenic
- Myelopoiesis
- Oligonucleotide Array Sequence Analysis
- Receptors, Antigen, T-Cell, alpha-beta/metabolism
- Receptors, Antigen, T-Cell, gamma-delta/metabolism
- Receptors, G-Protein-Coupled/metabolism
- Thymus Gland/metabolism
- Transplantation, Homologous
- West Nile virus
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Affiliation(s)
- Amy M. Becker
- Department of Pathology and Immunology, Washington University School of Medicine, Saint Louis, Missouri, United States of America
| | - Derrick J. Callahan
- Department of Pathology and Immunology, Washington University School of Medicine, Saint Louis, Missouri, United States of America
| | - Justin M. Richner
- Department of Medicine, Washington University School of Medicine, Saint Louis, Missouri, United States of America
- Department of Molecular Microbiology, Washington University School of Medicine, Saint Louis, Missouri, United States of America
| | - Jaebok Choi
- Department of Medicine, Washington University School of Medicine, Saint Louis, Missouri, United States of America
- Division of Oncology, Washington University School of Medicine, Saint Louis, Missouri, United States of America
| | - John F. DiPersio
- Department of Medicine, Washington University School of Medicine, Saint Louis, Missouri, United States of America
- Division of Oncology, Washington University School of Medicine, Saint Louis, Missouri, United States of America
| | - Michael S. Diamond
- Department of Pathology and Immunology, Washington University School of Medicine, Saint Louis, Missouri, United States of America
- Department of Medicine, Washington University School of Medicine, Saint Louis, Missouri, United States of America
- Department of Molecular Microbiology, Washington University School of Medicine, Saint Louis, Missouri, United States of America
| | - Deepta Bhattacharya
- Department of Pathology and Immunology, Washington University School of Medicine, Saint Louis, Missouri, United States of America
- * E-mail:
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13
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Kitazawa Y, Ueta H, Hünig T, Sawanobori Y, Matsuno K. A novel multicolor immunostaining method using ethynyl deoxyuridine for analysis of in situ immunoproliferative response. Histochem Cell Biol 2015; 144:195-208. [PMID: 25976155 PMCID: PMC4534512 DOI: 10.1007/s00418-015-1329-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 04/30/2015] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
Immune responses are generally accompanied by antigen presentation and proliferation and differentiation of antigen-specific lymphocytes (immunoproliferation), but analysis of these events in situ on tissue sections is very difficult. We have developed a new method of simultaneous multicolor immunofluorescence staining for immunohistology and flow cytometry using a thymidine analogue, 5-ethynyl-2′-deoxyuridine (EdU). Because of the small size of azide dye using click chemistry and elimination of DNA denaturation steps, EdU staining allowed for immunofluorescence staining of at least four colors including two different markers on a single-cell surface, which is impossible with the standard 5-bromo-2′-deoxyuridine method. By using two rat models, successfully detected parameters were the cluster of differentiation antigens including phenotypic and functional markers of various immune cells, histocompatibility complex antigens, and even some nuclear transcription factors. Proliferating cells could be further sorted and used for RT-PCR analysis. This method thus enables functional in situ time-kinetic analysis of immunoproliferative responses in a distinct domain of the lymphoid organs, which are quantitatively confirmed by flow cytometry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yusuke Kitazawa
- />Department of Anatomy (Macro), Dokkyo Medical University, 880 Kitakobayashi, Mibu, Tochigi 321-0293 Japan
| | - Hisashi Ueta
- />Department of Anatomy (Macro), Dokkyo Medical University, 880 Kitakobayashi, Mibu, Tochigi 321-0293 Japan
| | - Thomas Hünig
- />Institute for Virology and Immunobiology, University of Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany
| | - Yasushi Sawanobori
- />Department of Anatomy (Macro), Dokkyo Medical University, 880 Kitakobayashi, Mibu, Tochigi 321-0293 Japan
| | - Kenjiro Matsuno
- />Department of Anatomy (Macro), Dokkyo Medical University, 880 Kitakobayashi, Mibu, Tochigi 321-0293 Japan
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14
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Hadley GA, Higgins JMG. Integrin αEβ7: molecular features and functional significance in the immune system. ADVANCES IN EXPERIMENTAL MEDICINE AND BIOLOGY 2014; 819:97-110. [PMID: 25023170 DOI: 10.1007/978-94-017-9153-3_7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
Abstract
Alpha E beta 7 (αEβ7) is an α-I domain-containing integrin that is highly expressed by a variety of leukocyte populations at mucosal sites including intraepithelial T cells, dendritic cells, mast cells, and T regulatory cells (Treg). Expression depends largely or solely on transforming growth factor beta (TGF-β) isoforms. The best characterized ligand for αEβ7 is E-cadherin on epithelial cells, though there is evidence of a second ligand in the human system. An exposed acidic residue on the distal aspect of E-cadherin domain 1 interacts with the MIDAS site in the αE α-I domain. By binding to E-cadherin, αEβ7 contributes to mucosal specific retention of leukocytes within epithelia. Studies on αE knockout mice have identified an additional important function for this integrin in allograft rejection and have also indicated that it may have a role in immunoregulation. Recent studies point to a multifaceted role for αEβ7 in regulating both innate and acquired immune responses to foreign antigen.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gregg A Hadley
- Department of Microbial Infection and Immunity, The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, Columbus, OH, 43210, USA,
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15
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Sawanobori Y, Ueta H, Dijkstra CD, Park CG, Satou M, Kitazawa Y, Matsuno K. Three distinct subsets of thymic epithelial cells in rats and mice defined by novel antibodies. PLoS One 2014; 9:e109995. [PMID: 25334032 PMCID: PMC4204869 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0109995] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/22/2014] [Accepted: 09/04/2014] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
Abstract
AIM Thymic epithelial cells (TECs) are thought to play an essential role in T cell development and have been detected mainly in mice using lectin binding and antibodies to keratins. Our aim in the present study was to create a precise map of rat TECs using antibodies to putative markers and novel monoclonal antibodies (i.e., ED 18/19/21 and anti-CD205 antibodies) and compare it with a map from mouse counterparts and that of rat thymic dendritic cells. RESULTS Rat TECs were subdivided on the basis of phenotype into three subsets; ED18+ED19+/-keratin 5 (K5)+K8+CD205+ class II MHC (MHCII)+ cortical TECs (cTECs), ED18+ED21-K5-K8+Ulex europaeus lectin 1 (UEA-1)+CD205- medullary TECs (mTEC1s), and ED18+ED21+K5+K8dullUEA-1-CD205- medullary TECs (mTEC2s). Thymic nurse cells were defined in cytosmears as an ED18+ED19+/-K5+K8+ subset of cTECs. mTEC1s preferentially expressed MHCII, claudin-3, claudin-4, and autoimmune regulator (AIRE). Use of ED18 and ED21 antibodies revealed three subsets of TECs in mice as well. We also detected two distinct TEC-free areas in the subcapsular cortex and in the medulla. Rat dendritic cells in the cortex were MHCII+CD103+ but negative for TEC markers, including CD205. Those in the medulla were MHCII+CD103+ and CD205+ cells were found only in the TEC-free area. CONCLUSION Both rats and mice have three TEC subsets with similar phenotypes that can be identified using known markers and new monoclonal antibodies. These findings will facilitate further analysis of TEC subsets and DCs and help to define their roles in thymic selection and in pathological states such as autoimmune disorders.
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MESH Headings
- Animals
- Antibodies, Monoclonal/immunology
- Antigens, CD/immunology
- Antigens, CD/metabolism
- Cells, Cultured
- Claudin-3/immunology
- Claudin-3/metabolism
- Claudin-4/immunology
- Claudin-4/metabolism
- Epithelial Cells/cytology
- Epithelial Cells/metabolism
- Epithelial Cells/pathology
- Female
- Histocompatibility Antigens Class II/immunology
- Histocompatibility Antigens Class II/metabolism
- Keratin-5/immunology
- Keratin-5/metabolism
- Keratin-8/immunology
- Keratin-8/metabolism
- Lectins, C-Type/immunology
- Lectins, C-Type/metabolism
- Male
- Mice
- Mice, Inbred C57BL
- Minor Histocompatibility Antigens
- Phenotype
- Plant Lectins/immunology
- Plant Lectins/metabolism
- Rats
- Rats, Inbred Lew
- Receptors, Cell Surface/immunology
- Receptors, Cell Surface/metabolism
- Thymus Gland/cytology
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Affiliation(s)
- Yasushi Sawanobori
- Department of Anatomy (Macro), Dokkyo Medical University, Tochigi, Japan
| | - Hiashi Ueta
- Department of Anatomy (Macro), Dokkyo Medical University, Tochigi, Japan
| | - Christine D. Dijkstra
- Molecular Cell Biology and Immunology, VU University Medical Center Amsterdam, Amsterdam, Netherlands
| | - Chae Gyu Park
- Laboratory of Immunology, Severance Biomedical Science Institute, Brain Korea 21 PLUS Project for Medical Science, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Motoyasu Satou
- Department of Biochemistry, Dokkyo Medical University, Tochigi, Japan
| | - Yusuke Kitazawa
- Department of Anatomy (Macro), Dokkyo Medical University, Tochigi, Japan
| | - Kenjiro Matsuno
- Department of Anatomy (Macro), Dokkyo Medical University, Tochigi, Japan
- * E-mail:
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16
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Yamada D, Kadono T, Masui Y, Yanaba K, Sato S. β7 Integrin Controls Mast Cell Recruitment, whereas αE Integrin Modulates the Number and Function of CD8+ T Cells in Immune Complex–Mediated Tissue Injury. THE JOURNAL OF IMMUNOLOGY 2014; 192:4112-21. [DOI: 10.4049/jimmunol.1300926] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
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17
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Mokrani M, Klibi J, Bluteau D, Bismuth G, Mami-Chouaib F. Smad and NFAT Pathways Cooperate To Induce CD103 Expression in Human CD8 T Lymphocytes. THE JOURNAL OF IMMUNOLOGY 2014; 192:2471-9. [DOI: 10.4049/jimmunol.1302192] [Citation(s) in RCA: 56] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
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18
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Zinöcker S, Dressel R, Wang XN, Dickinson AM, Rolstad B. Immune reconstitution and graft-versus-host reactions in rat models of allogeneic hematopoietic cell transplantation. Front Immunol 2012; 3:355. [PMID: 23226148 PMCID: PMC3510360 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2012.00355] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/04/2012] [Accepted: 11/08/2012] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Allogeneic hematopoietic cell transplantation (alloHCT) extends the lives of thousands of patients who would otherwise succumb to hematopoietic malignancies such as leukemias and lymphomas, aplastic anemia, and disorders of the immune system. In alloHCT, different immune cell types mediate beneficial graft-versus-tumor (GvT) effects, regulate detrimental graft-versus-host disease (GvHD), and are required for protection against infections. Today, the “good” (GvT effector cells and memory cells conferring protection) cannot be easily separated from the “bad” (GvHD-causing cells), and alloHCT remains a hazardous medical modality. The transplantation of hematopoietic stem cells into an immunosuppressed patient creates a delicate environment for the reconstitution of donor blood and immune cells in co-existence with host cells. Immunological reconstitution determines to a large extent the immune status of the allo-transplanted host against infections and the recurrence of cancer, and is critical for long-term protection and survival after clinical alloHCT. Animal models continue to be extremely valuable experimental tools that widen our understanding of, for example, the dynamics of post-transplant hematopoiesis and the complexity of immune reconstitution with multiple ways of interaction between host and donor cells. In this review, we discuss the rat as an experimental model of HCT between allogeneic individuals. We summarize our findings on lymphocyte reconstitution in transplanted rats and illustrate the disease pathology of this particular model. We also introduce the rat skin explant assay, a feasible alternative to in vivo transplantation studies. The skin explant assay can be used to elucidate the biology of graft-versus-host reactions, which are known to have a major impact on immune reconstitution, and to perform genome-wide gene expression studies using controlled combinations of minor and major histocompatibility between the donor and the recipient.
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Affiliation(s)
- Severin Zinöcker
- Department of Anatomy, Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, University of Oslo Oslo, Norway ; Department of Immunology, Oslo University Hospital - Rikshospitalet Oslo, Norway
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19
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Buettner M, Bode U. Lymph node dissection--understanding the immunological function of lymph nodes. Clin Exp Immunol 2012; 169:205-12. [PMID: 22861359 DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-2249.2012.04602.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 82] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Lymph nodes (LN) are one of the important sites in the body where immune responses to pathogenic antigens are initiated. This immunological function induced by cells within the LN is an extensive area of research. To clarify the general function of LN, to identify cell populations within the lymphatic system and to describe the regeneration of the lymph vessels, the experimental surgical technique of LN dissection has been established in various animal models. In this review different research areas in which LN dissection is used as an experimental tool will be highlighted. These include regeneration studies, immunological analysis and studies with clinical questions. LN were dissected in order to analyse the different cell subsets of the incoming lymph in detail. Furthermore, LN were identified as the place where the induction of an antigen-specific response occurs and, more significantly, where this immune response is regulated. During bacterial infection LN, as a filter of the lymph system, play a life-saving role. In addition, LN are essential for the induction of tolerance against harmless antigens, because tolerance could not be induced in LN-resected animals. Thus, the technique of LN dissection is an excellent and simple method to identify the important role of LN in immune responses, tolerance and infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Buettner
- Institute of Functional and Applied Anatomy, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany.
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20
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Yu B, Ueta H, Kitazawa Y, Tanaka T, Adachi K, Kimura H, Morita M, Sawanobori Y, Qian HX, Kodama T, Matsuno K. Two immunogenic passenger dendritic cell subsets in the rat liver have distinct trafficking patterns and radiosensitivities. Hepatology 2012; 56:1532-45. [PMID: 22511480 DOI: 10.1002/hep.25795] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
UNLABELLED The aim of this study was to investigate the trafficking patterns, radiation sensitivities, and functions of conventional dendritic cell (DC) subsets in the rat liver in an allotransplantation setting. We examined DCs in the liver, hepatic lymph, and graft tissues and recipient secondary lymphoid organs after liver transplantation from rats treated or untreated by sublethal irradiation. We identified two distinct immunogenic DC subsets. One was a previously reported population that underwent blood-borne migration to the recipient's secondary lymphoid organs, inducing systemic CD8(+) T-cell responses; these DCs are a radiosensitive class II major histocompatibility complex (MHCII)(+) CD103(+) CD172a(+) CD11b(-) CD86(+) subset. Another was a relatively radioresistant MHCII(+) CD103(+) CD172a(+) CD11b(+) CD86(+) subset that steadily appeared in the hepatic lymph. After transplantation, the second subset migrated to the parathymic lymph nodes (LNs), regional peritoneal cavity nodes, or persisted in the graft. Irradiation completely eliminated the migration and immunogenicity of the first subset, but only partly suppressed the migration of the second subset and the CD8(+) T-cell response in the parathymic LNs. The grafts were acutely rejected, and intragraft CD8(+) T-cell and FoxP3(+) regulatory T-cell responses were unchanged. The radioresistant second subset up-regulated CD25 and had high allostimulating activity in the mixed leukocyte reaction, suggesting that this subset induced CD8(+) T-cell responses in the parathymic LNs and in the graft by the direct allorecognition pathway, leading to the rejection. CONCLUSION Conventional rat liver DCs contain at least two distinct immunogenic passenger subsets: a radiosensitive blood-borne migrant and a relatively radioresistant lymph-borne migrant. LNs draining the peritoneal cavity should be recognized as a major site of the intrahost T-cell response by the lymph-borne migrant. This study provides key insights into liver graft rejection and highlights the clinical implications of immunogenic DC subsets.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bin Yu
- Department of Anatomy (Macro), Dokkyo Medical University, Tochigi, Japan
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21
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Park CG, Rodriguez A, Ueta H, Lee H, Pack M, Matsuno K, Steinman RM. Generation of anti-human DEC205/CD205 monoclonal antibodies that recognize epitopes conserved in different mammals. J Immunol Methods 2012; 377:15-22. [PMID: 22273672 DOI: 10.1016/j.jim.2011.12.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2011] [Revised: 12/20/2011] [Accepted: 12/20/2011] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
DEC205/CD205 is a C-type multilectin receptor, expressed highly in dendritic cells (DCs). Previous efforts to generate anti-human DEC205 (anti-hDEC205) monoclonal antibodies (mAbs) from mice immunized with subdomain proteins of hDEC205 resulted in a few mAbs. Recently, we expressed and utilized a full-length extracellular domain protein of hDEC205 to successfully generate 5 strong anti-hDEC205 mAbs from mice. In this study, DEC205 knockout (KO) mice were immunized with this full-length extracellular domain protein of hDEC205. One of the 3 immunized DEC205 KO mice was chosen for the highest anti-hDEC205 titer by flow cytometric analysis of serum samples on CHO cells stably expressing hDEC205 (CHO/hDEC205 cells) and used for hybridoma fusion. From a single fusion, more than 400 anti-hDEC205 hybridomas were identified by flow cytometric screen with CHO/hDEC205 cells, and a total of 115 hybridomas secreting strong anti-hDEC205 mAb were saved and named HD1 through HD115. To characterize in detail, 10 HD mAbs were chosen for superior anti-hDEC205 reactivity and further subjected to cloning and purification. Interestingly, out of those 10 chosen anti-hDEC205 HD mAbs, 5 mAbs were also strongly reactive to mouse DEC205 while 8 mAbs were found to stain DEC205(+) DCs on monkey spleen sections. In addition, we also identified that HD83, one of the 10 chosen HD mAbs, stains DEC205(+) DCs in rat spleen and lymph node. Therefore, by immunizing DEC205 KO mice with a full-length extracellular domain protein of hDEC205, we generated a large number of strong anti-hDEC205 mAbs many of which are cross-species reactive and able to visualize DEC205(+) DCs in lymphoid tissues of other mammals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chae Gyu Park
- Laboratory of Cellular Physiology and Immunology and Chris Browne Center for Immunology and Immune Diseases, The Rockefeller University, New York, NY 10065, USA.
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Matsuno K, Ueta H, Shu Z, Xue-Dong X, Sawanobori Y, Kitazawa Y, Bin Y, Yamashita M, Shi C. The microstructure of secondary lymphoid organs that support immune cell trafficking. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2011; 73:1-21. [PMID: 21471663 DOI: 10.1679/aohc.73.1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
Immune cell trafficking in the secondary lymphoid organs is crucial for an effective immune response. Recirculating T cells constantly patrol not only secondary lymphoid organs but also the whole peripheral organs. Thoracic duct lymphocytes represent an ideal cell source for analyzing T cell trafficking: high endothelial venules (HEVs) allow recirculating lymphocytes to transmigrate from the blood directly, and recirculating T cells form a cluster with dendritic cells (DCs) to survey antigen invasions even in a steady state. This cluster becomes an actual site for the antigen presentation when DCs have captured antigens. On activation, effector and memory T cells differentiate into several subsets that have different trafficking molecules and patterns. DCs also migrate actively in a manner depending upon their maturational stages. Danger signals induce the recruitment of several DC precursor subsets with different trafficking patterns and functions. In this review, we describe general and specialized structures of the secondary lymphoid organs for the trafficking of T cells and DCs by a multicolor immunoenzyme staining technique. The lymph nodes, spleen, and Peyer's patches of rats were selected as the major representatives. In vivo trafficking of subsets of T cells and DCs within these organs under steady or emergency states are shown and discussed, and unsolved questions and future prospects are also considered.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kenjiro Matsuno
- Department of Anatomy (Marco), Dokkyo Medical University, Mibu, Tochigi, Japan.
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23
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Fernandes JR, Snider DP. Polymeric IgA-secreting and mucosal homing pre-plasma cells in normal human peripheral blood. Int Immunol 2010; 22:527-40. [DOI: 10.1093/intimm/dxq037] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/05/2023] Open
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24
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Separation of graft-versus-host disease from graft-versus-leukemia responses by targeting CC-chemokine receptor 7 on donor T cells. Blood 2010; 115:4914-22. [PMID: 20185583 DOI: 10.1182/blood-2009-08-239848] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
CC-chemokine receptor 7 (CCR7) is expressed on the surface of naive T cells, and plays a critical role in their movement into secondary lymphoid tissue. Here, we show that murine T cells lacking CCR7 (CCR7(-/-)) generate attenuated graft-versus-host disease (GVHD) responses compared with wild-type (WT) cells, with the difference varying inversely with the degree of major histocompatibility complex (MHC) disparity between the donor and recipient. CCR7(-/-) T cells exhibited an impaired ability to traffic to recipient lymph nodes, with an increased capacity to home to the spleen. CCR7(-/-) T cells, however, demonstrated a reduced ability to undergo in vivo expansion in the spleen due to impaired interactions with splenic antigen-presenting cells. On a cellular level, CCR7(-/-) T cells were functionally competent, demonstrating a normal in vitro proliferative capacity and a preserved ability to produce inflammatory cytokines. Importantly, CCR7(-/-) T cells were capable of generating robust graft-versus-leukemia (GVL) responses in vivo, as well as complete donor T-cell reconstitution. CCR7(-/-) regulatory T cells were able to protect against lethal GVHD when administered before WT conventional T cells. Our data suggest that CCR7 inhibition in the early posttransplantation period may represent a feasible new therapeutic approach for acute GVHD attenuation without compromising GVL responses.
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25
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Egan CE, Craven M, Leng J, Mack M, Simpson KW, Denkers EY. CCR2-dependent intraepithelial lymphocytes mediate inflammatory gut pathology during Toxoplasma gondii infection. Mucosal Immunol 2009; 2:527-35. [PMID: 19741601 PMCID: PMC2860785 DOI: 10.1038/mi.2009.105] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
Mice of the C57BL/6 strain develop acute ileal inflammation after infection with the protozoan parasite Toxoplasma gondii. This pathology resembles many key features of human Crohn's disease, including a Th1 cytokine profile with high levels of interferon gamma (IFN-gamma), interleukin 12 (IL)-12, and tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF)-alpha, presence of pathogenic CD4(+) T cells, and infiltration of gut flora into inflammed tissue. Using CCR2(-/-) mice, we identify a role for this chemokine receptor in the pathogenesis of inflammatory pathology during T. gondii infection. Lack of chemokine (C-C motif) receptor 2 (CCR2) was associated with low levels of CD103(+) T lymphocytes in the intraepithelial compartment, Peyer's patch, and lamina propria relative to wild-type animals. Adoptive transfer of wild-type, but not IFN-gamma(-/-), intraepithelial T lymphocytes converted CCR2 knockout mice from a resistant to susceptible phenotype with respect to parasite-triggered inflammatory gut pathology. These results for the first time show a role for intraepithelial T lymphocytes in pathogenesis of ileitis triggered by a microbial pathogen.
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Affiliation(s)
- C. E. Egan
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY 14853
| | - M.D. Craven
- Department of Clinical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY 14853
| | - J. Leng
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY 14853
| | - M. Mack
- Department of Internal Medicine II, University of Regensburg, 93053 Regensburg, Germany
| | - K. W. Simpson
- Department of Clinical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY 14853
| | - E. Y. Denkers
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY 14853
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Gorfu G, Rivera-Nieves J, Ley K. Role of β7 Integrins in Intestinal Lymphocyte Homing and Retention. Curr Mol Med 2009; 9:836-50. [DOI: 10.2174/156652409789105525] [Citation(s) in RCA: 225] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
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