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Pabst O, Nowosad CR. B cells and the intestinal microbiome in time, space and place. Semin Immunol 2023; 69:101806. [PMID: 37473559 DOI: 10.1016/j.smim.2023.101806] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2022] [Accepted: 07/08/2023] [Indexed: 07/22/2023]
Abstract
The gut immune system is shaped by the continuous interaction with the microbiota. Here we dissect temporal, spatial and contextual layers of gut B cell responses. The microbiota impacts on the selection of the developing pool of pre-immune B cells that serves as substrate for B cell activation, expansion and differentiation. However, various aspects of the gut B cell response display unique features. In particular, occurrence of somatically mutated B cells, chronic gut germinal centers in T cell-deficient settings and polyreactive binding of gut IgA to the microbiota questioned the nature and microbiota-specificity of gut germinal centers. We propose a model to reconcile these observations incorporating recent work demonstrating microbiota-specificity of gut germinal centers. We speculate that adjuvant effects of the microbiota might modify permissiveness for B cell to enter and exit gut germinal centers. We propose that separating aspects of time, space and place facilitate the occasionally puzzling discussion of gut B cell responses to the microbiota.
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Affiliation(s)
- Oliver Pabst
- Institute of Molecular Medicine, RWTH Aachen University, Aachen, Germany.
| | - Carla R Nowosad
- Department of Pathology, NYU Grossman School of Medicine, New York University, New York, USA; Translational Immunology Center, NYU Grossman School of Medicine, New York University, New York, USA.
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2
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Covens K, Verbinnen B, de Jong BG, Moens L, Wuyts G, Verheyen G, Nys K, Cremer J, Smulders S, Schrijvers R, Weinhäusel A, Vermeire S, Verschueren P, Langhe ED, van Dongen JJM, van Zelm MC, Bossuyt X. Plasma cells are not restricted to the CD27+ phenotype: characterization of CD27-CD43+ antibody-secreting cells. Front Immunol 2023; 14:1165936. [PMID: 37492569 PMCID: PMC10364057 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2023.1165936] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2023] [Accepted: 05/11/2023] [Indexed: 07/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Circulating antibody-secreting cells are present in the peripheral blood of healthy individuals reflecting the continued activity of the humoral immune system. Antibody-secreting cells typically express CD27. Here we describe and characterize a small population of antibody-secreting class switched CD19+CD43+ B cells that lack expression of CD27 in the peripheral blood of healthy subjects. In this study, we characterized CD27-CD43+ cells. We demonstrate that class-switched CD27-CD43+ B cells possess characteristics of conventional plasmablasts as they spontaneously secrete antibodies, are morphologically similar to antibody-secreting cells, show downregulation of B cell differentiation markers, and have a gene expression profile related to conventional plasmablasts. Despite these similarities, we observed differences in IgA and IgG subclass distribution, expression of homing markers, replication history, frequency of somatic hypermutation, immunoglobulin repertoire, gene expression related to Toll-like receptors, cytokines, and cytokine receptors, and antibody response to vaccination. Their frequency is altered in immune-mediated disorders. Conclusion we characterized CD27-CD43+ cells as antibody-secreting cells with differences in function and homing potential as compared to conventional CD27+ antibody-secreting cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kris Covens
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Clinical and Diagnostic Immunology Research Group, Leuven, Belgium
- Biocartis, Research and Development, Mechelen, Belgium
| | - Bert Verbinnen
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Clinical and Diagnostic Immunology Research Group, Leuven, Belgium
- Biomedical Laboratory Technology, Radius, Life Sciences and Chemistry, Thomas More Kempen, Geel, Belgium
| | - Britt G. de Jong
- Department of Immunology, Erasmus MC, University Medical Center, Rotterdam, Netherlands
- Department of Periodontology, ACTA, University of Amsterdam and VU University, Amsterdam, Netherlands
| | - Leen Moens
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Clinical and Diagnostic Immunology Research Group, Leuven, Belgium
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Inborn Errors of Immunity, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Greet Wuyts
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Clinical and Diagnostic Immunology Research Group, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Geert Verheyen
- Biomedical Laboratory Technology, Radius, Life Sciences and Chemistry, Thomas More Kempen, Geel, Belgium
| | - Kris Nys
- Gastroenterology, University Hospitals Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Jonathan Cremer
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Allergy and Clinical Immunology Research Group, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Stijn Smulders
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Clinical and Diagnostic Immunology Research Group, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Rik Schrijvers
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Allergy and Clinical Immunology Research Group, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Andreas Weinhäusel
- AIT Austrian Institute of Technology GmbH, Center for Health and Bioresources, Molecular Diagnostics, Vienna, Austria
| | | | | | - Ellen De Langhe
- Department of Rheumatology, University Hospitals Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Jacques J. M. van Dongen
- Department of Immunology, Erasmus MC, University Medical Center, Rotterdam, Netherlands
- Department of Immunology, Leiden University Medical Center (LUMC), Leiden, Netherlands
- Centro de Investigación del Cáncer-Instituto de Biología Molecular y Celular del Cáncer (CIC-IBMCC, USAL-CSIC-FICUS), Salamanca, Spain
- Department of Medicine, University of Salamanca (USAL), Salamanca, Spain
| | - Menno C. van Zelm
- Department of Immunology, Erasmus MC, University Medical Center, Rotterdam, Netherlands
- Department of Immunology and Pathology, Central Clinical School, Monash University and Alfred Hospital, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - Xavier Bossuyt
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Clinical and Diagnostic Immunology Research Group, Leuven, Belgium
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, University Hospitals Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
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3
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van Halteren AGS, Suwandi JS, Tuit S, Borst J, Laban S, Tsonaka R, Struijk A, Wiekmeijer AS, van Pel M, Roep BO, Zwaginga JJ, Lankester AC, Schepers K, van Tol MJD, Fibbe WE. A unique immune signature in blood separates therapy-refractory from therapy-responsive acute graft-versus-host disease. Blood 2023; 141:1277-1292. [PMID: 36044666 PMCID: PMC10651784 DOI: 10.1182/blood.2022015734] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/28/2022] [Revised: 08/22/2022] [Accepted: 08/22/2022] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Acute graft-versus-host disease (aGVHD) is an immune cell‒driven, potentially lethal complication of allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation affecting diverse organs, including the skin, liver, and gastrointestinal (GI) tract. We applied mass cytometry (CyTOF) to dissect circulating myeloid and lymphoid cells in children with severe (grade III-IV) aGVHD treated with immune suppressive drugs alone (first-line therapy) or in combination with mesenchymal stromal cells (MSCs; second-line therapy). These results were compared with CyTOF data generated in children who underwent transplantation with no aGVHD or age-matched healthy control participants. Onset of aGVHD was associated with the appearance of CD11b+CD163+ myeloid cells in the blood and accumulation in the skin and GI tract. Distinct T-cell populations, including TCRγδ+ cells, expressing activation markers and chemokine receptors guiding homing to the skin and GI tract were found in the same blood samples. CXCR3+ T cells released inflammation-promoting factors after overnight stimulation. These results indicate that lymphoid and myeloid compartments are triggered at aGVHD onset. Immunoglobulin M (IgM) presumably class switched, plasmablasts, and 2 distinct CD11b- dendritic cell subsets were other prominent immune populations found early during the course of aGVHD in patients refractory to both first- and second-line (MSC-based) therapy. In these nonresponding patients, effector and regulatory T cells with skin- or gut-homing receptors also remained proportionally high over time, whereas their frequencies declined in therapy responders. Our results underscore the additive value of high-dimensional immune cell profiling for clinical response evaluation, which may assist timely decision-making in the management of severe aGVHD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Astrid G. S. van Halteren
- Department of Pediatrics, Laboratory for Pediatric Immunology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Jessica S. Suwandi
- Department of Internal Medicine and Nephrology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Sander Tuit
- Department of Internal Medicine and Nephrology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Jelske Borst
- Department of Internal Medicine and Nephrology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Sandra Laban
- Department of Internal Medicine and Nephrology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Roula Tsonaka
- Department of Biomedical Data Sciences, Medical Statistics Section, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Ada Struijk
- Department of Human Genetics, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | | | - Melissa van Pel
- Department of Internal Medicine and Nephrology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Bart O. Roep
- Department of Internal Medicine and Nephrology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands
- Department of Diabetes Immunology, Diabetes and Metabolism Research Institute, Beckman Research Institute, City of Hope, Duarte, CA
| | - Jaap Jan Zwaginga
- Department of Hematology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Arjan C. Lankester
- Pediatric Stem Cell Transplantation Unit, Willem-Alexander Children’s Hospital, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Koen Schepers
- Department of Internal Medicine and Nephrology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Maarten J. D. van Tol
- Department of Pediatrics, Laboratory for Pediatric Immunology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Willem E. Fibbe
- Department of Internal Medicine and Nephrology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands
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4
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Kawasaki Y. Treatment strategy with multidrug therapy and tonsillectomy pulse therapy for childhood-onset severe IgA nephropathy. Clin Exp Nephrol 2022; 26:501-511. [PMID: 35119558 DOI: 10.1007/s10157-022-02187-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/11/2021] [Accepted: 01/20/2022] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND IgA nephropathy is a typical chronic glomerulonephritis that tends to occur in childhood. METHOD We reviewed the report on pathogenesis, treatment strategy with multidrug therapy and tonsillectomy pulse therapy for childhood-onset severe IgA nephropathy to clarify the pathophysiology and treatment of IgA nephropathy in childhood. RESULTS In recent years, it has been found that the pathogenesis at onset is associated with aberrant glycosylation at the IgA1 hinge. Given this genetic background, the aberrantly glycosylated IgA1immune complex produced by antigen-stimulated T cells and B cells is deposited in the glomeruli. Inflammation is induced via activation of the complement, macrophages and mesangial cells, and glomerular damage progresses thereafter. Treatment is selected according to the severity of IgA nephropathy. In order to prevent the development of renal damage, it is important to control the associated immune responses. For severe IgA nephropathy, in particular, multidrug therapy with prednisolone, immunosuppressants, and angiotensin enzyme synthesis inhibitors and tonsillectomy methylprednisolone pulse therapy are now performed- and, as a result, the number of renal deaths has decreased and the long-term prognosis has improved. CONCLUSION The prognosis of IgA nephropathy is improving. In the future, it will be important to develop a treatment method that takes into consideration the fact that children are in their growth and development stage and, therefore, seeks to minimizes side effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yukihiko Kawasaki
- Department of Pediatrics, Fukushima General Rehabilitation Center, Uenodai 4-1, Tomita Cho, Koriyama City, Fukushima Prefecture, 963-8041, Japan.
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5
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Martelli P, Saleri R, Andrani M, Cavalli V, De Angelis E, Ferrari L, Borghetti P. Immune B cell responsiveness to single-dose intradermal vaccination against Mycoplasma hyopneumoniae. Res Vet Sci 2021; 141:66-75. [PMID: 34688042 DOI: 10.1016/j.rvsc.2021.10.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2021] [Revised: 09/21/2021] [Accepted: 10/05/2021] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
Mycoplasma hyopneumoniae is a major pathogen affecting pig herds and vaccination is the most utilized approach, despite providing partial protection. Age at vaccination, the delivery route, and vaccination protocol can influence vaccine efficacy. The influence of age and the presence of maternally-derived antibodies at vaccination on single-dose needle-less intradermal (ID) administration of an inactivated bacterin-based vaccine (Porcilis® M Hyo ID Once) were assessed in conventional pigs under field conditions. The induction of IgA+ and IgG+ B cell responses and the expression of the activation markers TLR2, TLR7, CCR9, and CCR10 were determined in PBMC. Vaccination at 4 weeks efficiently elicited an anamnestic antibody response associated with TLR2 and TLR7 upregulation. Although animals vaccinated at 1 week did not show seroconversion and a recall response upon infection, the responsiveness of Mycoplasma-recalled IgA+ B cells suggests the activation of mucosal immune cells after vaccination and infection. Vaccination at 1 week induced TLR2, TLR7, and CCR9 upregulation, suggesting the potential for systemic and local activation of immune cell trafficking between blood and target tissues. Vaccination at 4 weeks induced a CCR10 increase, suggesting that recalled IgA+ and IgG+ B cells can display an activated status upon infection. The antibody response after Mycoplasma infection in 4-week-old ID-vaccinated pigs was associated with TLR2 and CCR10 increases, confirming the potential use of this vaccination schedule for the safe and efficient delivery of single-dose M. hyopneumoniae vaccines. ID vaccination, especially at 4 weeks, was associated with a great degree of protection against enzootic pneumonia (EP)-like lung lesions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paolo Martelli
- Department of Veterinary Science, University of Parma, Strada del Taglio, 10, Parma 43126, Italy.
| | - Roberta Saleri
- Department of Veterinary Science, University of Parma, Strada del Taglio, 10, Parma 43126, Italy.
| | - Melania Andrani
- Department of Veterinary Science, University of Parma, Strada del Taglio, 10, Parma 43126, Italy.
| | - Valeria Cavalli
- Department of Veterinary Science, University of Parma, Strada del Taglio, 10, Parma 43126, Italy.
| | - Elena De Angelis
- Department of Veterinary Science, University of Parma, Strada del Taglio, 10, Parma 43126, Italy.
| | - Luca Ferrari
- Department of Veterinary Science, University of Parma, Strada del Taglio, 10, Parma 43126, Italy.
| | - Paolo Borghetti
- Department of Veterinary Science, University of Parma, Strada del Taglio, 10, Parma 43126, Italy.
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6
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Chang S, Li XK. The Role of Immune Modulation in Pathogenesis of IgA Nephropathy. Front Med (Lausanne) 2020; 7:92. [PMID: 32266276 PMCID: PMC7105732 DOI: 10.3389/fmed.2020.00092] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/13/2020] [Accepted: 03/03/2020] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Abstract
IgA nephropathy (IgAN) is the most prevalent primary glomerulonephritis worldwide, with diverse clinical manifestations characterized by recurrent gross hematuria or microscopic hematuria, and pathological changes featuring poorly O-galactosylated IgA1 deposition in the glomerular mesangium. Pathogenesis has always been the focus of IgAN studies. After 50 years of research, most scholars agree that IgAN is a group of clinicopathological syndromes with certain common immunopathological characteristics, and multiple mechanisms are involved in its pathogenesis, including immunology, genetics, and environmental or nutritional factors. However, the precise pathogenetic mechanisms have not been fully determined. One hypothesis about the pathogenesis of IgAN suggests that immunological factors are engaged in all aspects of IgAN development and play a critical role. A variety of immune cells (e.g., dendritic cells, NK cells, macrophages, T-lymphocyte subsets, and B-lymphocytes, etc.) and molecules (e.g., IgA receptors, Toll-like receptors, complements, etc.) in innate and adaptive immunity are involved in the pathogenesis of IgAN. Moreover, the abnormality of mucosal immune regulation is the core of IgAN immunopathogenesis. The roles of tonsil immunity or intestinal mucosal immunity, which have received more attention in recent years, are supported by mounting evidence. In this review, we will explore the latest research insights on the role of immune modulation in the pathogenesis of IgAN. With a better understanding of immunopathogenesis of IgAN, emerging therapies will soon become realized.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sheng Chang
- Institute of Organ Transplantation, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Key Laboratory of Organ Transplantation, Ministry of Education NHC Key Laboratory of Organ Transplantation Key Laboratory of Organ Transplantation, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Wuhan, China.,Division of Transplantation Immunology, National Research Institute for Child Health and Development, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Xiao-Kang Li
- Division of Transplantation Immunology, National Research Institute for Child Health and Development, Tokyo, Japan.,Department of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
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7
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Human IgA Monoclonal Antibodies That Neutralize Poliovirus, Produced by Hybridomas and Recombinant Expression. Antibodies (Basel) 2020; 9:antib9010005. [PMID: 32121092 PMCID: PMC7148538 DOI: 10.3390/antib9010005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/02/2020] [Revised: 02/01/2020] [Accepted: 02/11/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Poliovirus (PV)-specific intestinal IgAs are important for cessation of PV shedding in the gastrointestinal tract following an acute infection with wild type or vaccine-derived PV strains. We sought to produce IgA monoclonal antibodies (mAbs) with PV neutralizing activity. We first performed de novo IgA discovery from primary human B cells using a hybridoma method that allows assessment of mAb binding and expression on the hybridoma surface: On-Cell mAb Screening (OCMS™). Six IgA1 mAbs were cloned by this method; three potently neutralized type 3 Sabin and wt PV strains. The hybridoma mAbs were heterogeneous, expressed in monomeric, dimeric, and aberrant forms. We also used recombinant methods to convert two high-potency anti-PV IgG mAbs into dimeric IgA1 and IgA2 mAbs. Isotype switching did not substantially change their neutralization activities. To purify the recombinant mAbs, Protein L binding was used, and one of the mAbs required a single amino acid substitution in its κ LC in order to enable protein L binding. Lastly, we used OCMS to assess IgA expression on the surface of hybridomas and transiently transfected, adherent cells. These studies have generated potent anti-PV IgA mAbs, for use in animal models, as well as additional tools for the discovery and production of human IgA mAbs.
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8
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Zachova K, Kosztyu P, Zadrazil J, Matousovic K, Vondrak K, Hubacek P, Julian BA, Moldoveanu Z, Novak Z, Kostovcikova K, Raska M, Mestecky J. Role of Epstein-Barr Virus in Pathogenesis and Racial Distribution of IgA Nephropathy. Front Immunol 2020; 11:267. [PMID: 32184780 PMCID: PMC7058636 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2020.00267] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2019] [Accepted: 02/03/2020] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
IgA nephropathy (IgAN) is the dominant type of primary glomerulonephritis worldwide. However, IgAN rarely affects African Blacks and is uncommon in African Americans. Polymeric IgA1 with galactose-deficient hinge-region glycans is recognized as auto-antigen by glycan-specific antibodies, leading to formation of circulating immune complexes with nephritogenic consequences. Because human B cells infected in vitro with Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) secrete galactose-deficient IgA1, we examined peripheral blood B cells from adult IgAN patients, and relevant controls, for the presence of EBV and their phenotypic markers. We found that IgAN patients had more lymphoblasts/plasmablasts that were surface-positive for IgA, infected with EBV, and displayed increased expression of homing receptors for targeting the upper respiratory tract. Upon polyclonal stimulation, these cells produced more galactose-deficient IgA1 than did cells from healthy controls. Unexpectedly, in healthy African Americans, EBV was detected preferentially in surface IgM- and IgD-positive cells. Importantly, most African Blacks and African Americans acquire EBV within 2 years of birth. At that time, the IgA system is naturally deficient, manifested as low serum IgA levels and few IgA-producing cells. Consequently, EBV infects cells secreting immunoglobulins other than IgA. Our novel data implicate Epstein-Barr virus infected IgA+ cells as the source of galactose-deficient IgA1 and basis for expression of relevant homing receptors. Moreover, the temporal sequence of racial-specific differences in Epstein-Barr virus infection as related to the naturally delayed maturation of the IgA system explains the racial disparity in the prevalence of IgAN.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katerina Zachova
- Department of Immunology, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, University Hospital Olomouc, Palacky University Olomouc, Olomouc, Czechia
| | - Petr Kosztyu
- Department of Immunology, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, University Hospital Olomouc, Palacky University Olomouc, Olomouc, Czechia
| | - Josef Zadrazil
- Department of Internal Medicine III Nephrology, Rheumatology and Endocrinology, University Hospital Olomouc, Palacky University Olomouc, Olomouc, Czechia
| | - Karel Matousovic
- Department of Medicine, Second Faculty of Medicine, University Hospital Motol, Charles University, Prague, Czechia
| | - Karel Vondrak
- Department of Pediatrics, Second Faculty of Medicine, Charles University, Prague, Czechia
| | - Petr Hubacek
- Department of Medical Microbiology, Second Faculty of Medicine, University Hospital Motol, Charles University, Prague, Czechia
| | - Bruce A Julian
- Department of Medicine, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, United States
| | - Zina Moldoveanu
- Department of Microbiology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, United States
| | - Zdenek Novak
- Department of Surgery, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, United States
| | - Klara Kostovcikova
- Laboratory of Cellular and Molecular Immunology, Institute of Microbiology, Czech Academy of Sciences, Prague, Czechia
| | - Milan Raska
- Department of Immunology, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, University Hospital Olomouc, Palacky University Olomouc, Olomouc, Czechia.,Department of Microbiology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, United States
| | - Jiri Mestecky
- Department of Medicine, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, United States.,Department of Microbiology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, United States.,Laboratory of Cellular and Molecular Immunology, Institute of Microbiology, Czech Academy of Sciences, Prague, Czechia
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9
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Bi TD, Zheng JN, Zhang JX, Yang LS, Liu N, Yao L, Liu LL. Serum complement C4 is an important prognostic factor for IgA nephropathy: a retrospective study. BMC Nephrol 2019; 20:244. [PMID: 31272400 PMCID: PMC6610919 DOI: 10.1186/s12882-019-1420-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/03/2018] [Accepted: 06/12/2019] [Indexed: 01/24/2023] Open
Abstract
Background IgA nephropathy (IgAN) is the most common glomerulonephritis worldwide and is an important cause of end-stage renal disease (ESRD). Exploring novel biomarkers is necessary for predicting the disease activity and progression of IgAN patients. The present study sought to investigate the value of serum C4 for predicting the prognosis of IgAN patients. Methods The primary endpoint of this retrospective study was a composite event of either a ≥ 50% reduction in estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) or end-stage renal disease (ESRD) or death. The associations between serum C4 and clinicopathological parameters and prognosis of this cohort of IgAN patients were evaluated. Results The present study included 1356 IgAN patients. Serum C4 levels correlated significantly with clinical prognostic factors. Serum C4 levels correlated positively with urinary protein excretion (r = 0.307, P < 0.001), and negatively correlated with estimated glomerular filtration rate (r = − 0.281, P < 0.001). Furthermore, serum C4 levels increased with aggravation of tubulointerstitial injury, crescents and ratios of global sclerosis (all P < 0.05). Prognostic analyses with the Cox proportional hazards regression model and Kaplan-Meier survival curves further identified serum C4 as an independent risk factor for the prognosis of IgAN. Conclusions The present study identified serum C4 as a useful predictor for the prognosis of IgAN patients. The mechanism of the trend of serum C4 in IgAN needs to be illustrated in further research. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (10.1186/s12882-019-1420-0) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tong-Dan Bi
- Department of Nephrology, The First Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University, 155 Nan Jing North Street, He Ping District, Shen Yang, 110001, Liao Ning, China
| | - Jian-Nan Zheng
- Department of Nephrology, The First Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University, 155 Nan Jing North Street, He Ping District, Shen Yang, 110001, Liao Ning, China
| | - Jun-Xiao Zhang
- Department of Nephrology, The First Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University, 155 Nan Jing North Street, He Ping District, Shen Yang, 110001, Liao Ning, China
| | - Long-Shu Yang
- Department of Nephrology, The First Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University, 155 Nan Jing North Street, He Ping District, Shen Yang, 110001, Liao Ning, China
| | - Nan Liu
- Department of Nephrology, The First Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University, 155 Nan Jing North Street, He Ping District, Shen Yang, 110001, Liao Ning, China
| | - Li Yao
- Department of Nephrology, The First Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University, 155 Nan Jing North Street, He Ping District, Shen Yang, 110001, Liao Ning, China.
| | - Lin-Lin Liu
- Department of Nephrology, The First Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University, 155 Nan Jing North Street, He Ping District, Shen Yang, 110001, Liao Ning, China.
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10
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Ziegler K, Muzzio D, Matzner F, Bommer I, Ventimiglia M, Malinowsky K, Ehrhardt J, Zygmunt M, Jensen F. Human pregnancy is accompanied by modifications in B cell development and immunoglobulin profile. J Reprod Immunol 2018; 129:40-47. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jri.2018.07.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/08/2018] [Revised: 06/07/2018] [Accepted: 07/09/2018] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
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11
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Pak HK, Nam B, Lee YK, Kim YW, Roh J, Son J, Chung YS, Choe J, Park CS. Human Plasmablast Migration Toward CXCL12 Requires Glucose Oxidation by Enhanced Pyruvate Dehydrogenase Activity via AKT. Front Immunol 2018; 9:1742. [PMID: 30100910 PMCID: PMC6072847 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2018.01742] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/25/2018] [Accepted: 07/16/2018] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Migration of human plasmablast to the bone marrow is essential for the final differentiation of plasma cells and maintenance of effective humoral immunity. This migration is controlled by CXCL12/CXCR4-mediated activation of the protein kinase AKT. Herein, we show that the CXCL12-induced migration of human plasmablasts is dependent on glucose oxidation. Glucose depletion markedly inhibited plasmablast migration by 67%, and the glucose analog 2-deoxyglucose (2-DG) reduced the migration by 53%; conversely, glutamine depletion did not reduce the migration. CXCL12 boosted the oxygen consumption rate (OCR), and 2-DG treatment significantly reduced the levels of all measured tricarboxylic acid (TCA) cycle intermediates. AKT inhibitors blocked the CXCL12-mediated increase of OCR. CXCL12 enhanced the pyruvate dehydrogenase (PDH) activity by 13.5-fold in an AKT-dependent manner to promote mitochondrial oxidative phosphorylation. The knockdown and inhibition of PDH confirmed its indispensable role in CXCL12-induced migration. Cellular ATP levels fell by 91% upon exposure to 2-DG, and the mitochondrial ATP synthase inhibitor oligomycin inhibited CXCL12-induced migration by 85%. Low ATP levels inhibited the CXCL12-induced activation of AKT and phosphorylation of myosin light chains by 42%, which are required for cell migration. Thus, we have identified a mechanism that controls glucose oxidation via AKT signaling and PDH activation, which supports the migration of plasmablasts. This mechanism can provide insights into the proper development of long-lived plasma cells and is, therefore, essential for optimal humoral immunity. To our knowledge, this study is the first to investigate metabolic mechanisms underlying human plasmablast migration toward CXCL12.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hyo-Kyung Pak
- Department of Pathology, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea.,Institute for Life Sciences, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Bora Nam
- Department of Pathology, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea.,Institute for Life Sciences, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Yoon Kyoung Lee
- Department of Pathology, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea.,Institute for Life Sciences, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Yong-Woo Kim
- Department of Pathology, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea.,Institute for Life Sciences, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Jin Roh
- Department of Pathology, Ajou University School of Medicine, Suwon, South Korea
| | - Jaekyoung Son
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Yoo-Sam Chung
- Department of Otolaryngology, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Jongseon Choe
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, School of Medicine, Kangwon National University, Chuncheon, South Korea
| | - Chan-Sik Park
- Department of Pathology, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea.,Institute for Life Sciences, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
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12
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Abstract
Immunoglobulin (Ig)A nephropathy is the most prevalent primary chronic glomerular disease in the world. Studies of molecular and cellular interactions involved in the pathogenesis of IgA nephropathy have revealed several inherent abnormalities in the production and subsequent handling of IgA1. In patients with this disease, altered glycan structures in the unique hinge region of the heavy chains of IgA1 molecules lead to the exposure of antigenic determinants, which are recognized by naturally occurring antiglycan antibodies of the IgG and/or IgA1 isotype. In addition, due to a homing abnormality there is a gradual shift of mucosal IgA1 producing lymphoplasma cells from mucosal lymphoid tissue to bone marrow resulting in excess production of mucosal-type IgA1 in the systemic circulation. As a result, nephritogenic immune complexes form in the circulation and deposit in the glomerular mesangium. Deposited immune complexes induce proliferation of resident mesangial cells with increased production of extracellular matrix proteins. A number of inflammatory cytokines produced by the mesangial cells damage the filtration barrier resulting in hematuria and proteinuria ultimately leading to progressive renal damage.
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13
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Prigent J, Lorin V, Kök A, Hieu T, Bourgeau S, Mouquet H. Scarcity of autoreactive human blood IgA + memory B cells. Eur J Immunol 2016; 46:2340-2351. [PMID: 27469325 PMCID: PMC5113776 DOI: 10.1002/eji.201646446] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/04/2016] [Revised: 06/17/2016] [Accepted: 07/26/2016] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Class‐switched memory B cells are key components of the “reactive” humoral immunity, which ensures a fast and massive secretion of high‐affinity antigen‐specific antibodies upon antigenic challenge. In humans, IgA class‐switched (IgA+) memory B cells and IgA antibodies are abundant in the blood. Although circulating IgA+ memory B cells and their corresponding secreted immunoglobulins likely possess major protective and/or regulatory immune roles, little is known about their specificity and function. Here, we show that IgA+ and IgG+ memory B‐cell antibodies cloned from the same healthy humans share common immunoglobulin gene features. IgA and IgG memory antibodies have comparable lack of reactivity to vaccines, common mucosa‐tropic viruses and commensal bacteria. However, the IgA+ memory B‐cell compartment contains fewer polyreactive clones and importantly, only rare self‐reactive clones compared to IgG+ memory B cells. Self‐reactivity of IgAs is acquired following B‐cell affinity maturation but not antibody class switching. Together, our data suggest the existence of different regulatory mechanisms for removing autoreactive clones from the IgG+ and IgA+ memory B‐cell repertoires, and/or different maturation pathways potentially reflecting the distinct nature and localization of the cognate antigens recognized by individual B‐cell populations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Julie Prigent
- Laboratory of Humoral Response to Pathogens, Department of Immunology, Institut Pasteur, Paris, France.,CNRS-URA 1961, Paris, France
| | - Valérie Lorin
- Laboratory of Humoral Response to Pathogens, Department of Immunology, Institut Pasteur, Paris, France.,CNRS-URA 1961, Paris, France
| | - Ayrin Kök
- Laboratory of Humoral Response to Pathogens, Department of Immunology, Institut Pasteur, Paris, France.,CNRS-URA 1961, Paris, France
| | - Thierry Hieu
- Laboratory of Humoral Response to Pathogens, Department of Immunology, Institut Pasteur, Paris, France.,CNRS-URA 1961, Paris, France
| | - Salomé Bourgeau
- Laboratory of Humoral Response to Pathogens, Department of Immunology, Institut Pasteur, Paris, France.,CNRS-URA 1961, Paris, France
| | - Hugo Mouquet
- Laboratory of Humoral Response to Pathogens, Department of Immunology, Institut Pasteur, Paris, France. .,CNRS-URA 1961, Paris, France.
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14
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Pak HK, Gil M, Lee Y, Lee H, Lee AN, Roh J, Park CS. Regulator of G protein signaling 1 suppresses CXCL12-mediated migration and AKT activation in RPMI 8226 human plasmacytoma cells and plasmablasts. PLoS One 2015; 10:e0124793. [PMID: 25897806 PMCID: PMC4405207 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0124793] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/06/2014] [Accepted: 03/09/2015] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Migration of plasma cells to the bone marrow is critical factor to humoral immunity and controlled by chemokines. Regulator of G protein signaling 1 (RGS1) is a GTPase-activating protein that controls various crucial functions such as migration. Here, we show that RGS1 controls the chemotactic migration of RPMI 8226 human plasmacytoma cells and human plasmablasts. LPS strongly increased RGS1 expression and retarded the migration of RPMI 8226 cells by suppressing CXCL12-mediated AKT activation. RGS1 knockdown by siRNA abolished the retardation of migration and AKT suppression by LPS. RGS1-dependent regulation of migration via AKT is also observed in cultured plasmablasts. We propose novel functions of RGS1 that suppress AKT activation and the migration of RPMI 8226 cells and plasmablasts in CXCL12-mediated chemotaxis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hyo-Kyung Pak
- Cell Dysfunction Research Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
- Department of Pathology, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Minchan Gil
- Cell Dysfunction Research Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Yoonkyung Lee
- Cell Dysfunction Research Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Hyunji Lee
- Cell Dysfunction Research Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - A-Neum Lee
- Cell Dysfunction Research Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Jin Roh
- Department of Pathology, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Chan-Sik Park
- Cell Dysfunction Research Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
- Institute for Life Sciences, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
- Department of Pathology, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
- * E-mail:
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15
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Primary biliary cirrhosis is a generalized autoimmune epithelitis. Int J Mol Sci 2015; 16:6432-46. [PMID: 25803105 PMCID: PMC4394541 DOI: 10.3390/ijms16036432] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2014] [Revised: 02/10/2015] [Accepted: 02/17/2015] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Primary biliary cirrhosis (PBC) is a chronic progressive autoimmune cholestatic liver disease characterized by highly specific antimitochondrial antibodies (AMAs) and the specific immune-mediated injury of small intrahepatic bile ducts. Unique apoptotic feature of biliary epithelial cells (BECs) may contribute to apotope presentation to the immune system, causing unique tissue damage in PBC. Perpetuation of inflammation may result in senescence of BECs, contributing to irreversible loss of bile duct. In addition to the classic liver manifestations, focal inflammation and tissue damage are also seen in salivary glands and urinary tract in a significant proportion of PBC patients. These findings provide potent support to the idea that molecular mimicry may be involved in the breakdown of autoimmune tolerance and mucosal immunity may lead to a systematic epithelitis in PBC patients. Thus, PBC is considered a generalized epithelitis in clinical practice.
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16
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Gauvreau GM, Harris JM, Boulet LP, Scheerens H, Fitzgerald JM, Putnam WS, Cockcroft DW, Davis BE, Leigh R, Zheng Y, Dahlén B, Wang Y, Maciuca R, Mayers I, Liao XC, Wu LC, Matthews JG, O'Byrne PM. Targeting membrane-expressed IgE B cell receptor with an antibody to the M1 prime epitope reduces IgE production. Sci Transl Med 2015; 6:243ra85. [PMID: 24990880 DOI: 10.1126/scitranslmed.3008961] [Citation(s) in RCA: 94] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
Elevated serum levels of both total and allergen-specific immunoglobulin E (IgE) correlate with atopic diseases such as allergic rhinitis and allergic asthma. Neutralization of IgE by anti-IgE antibodies can effectively treat allergic asthma. Preclinical studies indicate that targeting membrane IgE-positive cells with antibodies against M1 prime can inhibit the production of new IgE and significantly reduce the levels of serum IgE. We report results from two trials that investigated the safety, pharmacokinetics, and activity of quilizumab, a humanized monoclonal antibody targeting specifically the M1 prime epitope of membrane IgE, in subjects with allergic rhinitis (NCT01160861) or mild allergic asthma (NCT01196039). In both studies, quilizumab treatment was well tolerated and led to reductions in total and allergen-specific serum IgE that lasted for at least 6 months after the cessation of dosing. In subjects with allergic asthma who were subjected to an allergen challenge, quilizumab treatment blocked the generation of new IgE, reduced allergen-induced early and late asthmatic airway responses by 26 and 36%, respectively, and reduced allergen-induced increases in sputum eosinophils by ~50% compared with placebo. These studies indicate that targeting of membrane IgE-expressing cells with anti-M1 prime antibodies can prevent IgE production in humans.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Louis-Philippe Boulet
- Institut Universitaire de Cardiologie et de Pneumologie de Québec, Québec, Québec G1V 4G5, Canada
| | | | - J Mark Fitzgerald
- University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia V5Z 1M9, Canada
| | | | | | - Beth E Davis
- University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, Saskatchewan S7N 0W8, Canada
| | - Richard Leigh
- University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta T2N 4Z6, Canada
| | - Yanan Zheng
- Genentech Inc., South San Francisco, CA 94080, USA
| | - Barbro Dahlén
- Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm S-141 86, Sweden
| | - Yehong Wang
- Genentech Inc., South San Francisco, CA 94080, USA
| | | | - Irvin Mayers
- University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta T6G 2G3, Canada
| | | | - Lawren C Wu
- Genentech Inc., South San Francisco, CA 94080, USA
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17
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18
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Lin M, Du L, Brandtzaeg P, Pan-Hammarström Q. IgA subclass switch recombination in human mucosal and systemic immune compartments. Mucosal Immunol 2014; 7:511-20. [PMID: 24064668 DOI: 10.1038/mi.2013.68] [Citation(s) in RCA: 60] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/15/2013] [Revised: 07/24/2013] [Accepted: 08/14/2013] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
Human immunoglobulin A (IgA) comprises two IgA subclasses, IgA1 and IgA2, whose distribution has been shown by immunohistochemistry to be different in various body compartments. In comparison with systemic immune compartments, we investigated the IgA switch profiles at the molecular level in salivary and lacrimal glands, nasal mucosa, and proximal and distal gut mucosa. Direct switching from IgM to IgA1 or IgA2 predominated in all immune compartments analyzed. Similar composition of the Sμ-Sα1 and Sμ-Sα2 junctions was observed, including microhomology usage, which suggested that there is no major difference in the actual recombination mechanism utilized during IgA subclass switching. The proportion of IgA1/IgA2 switch recombination events largely paralleled the previously published immunohistochemical representation of IgA1(+) and IgA2(+) plasma cells, implying that the local subclass distribution generally reflects precommitted memory/effector B cells that have undergone IgA subclass switching before extravasation at the effector site. The extremely low or undetectable levels of activation-induced cytidine deaminase (AID) and Iα-Cμ circle transcripts in intestinal lamina propria samples as compared with Peyer's patches suggest that the cellular IgA subclass distribution outside of organized gut-associated lymphoid tissue is only to a minor extent, if at all, influenced by in situ switching.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Lin
- 1] Clinical Immunology, Department of Laboratory Medicine, Karolinska Institutet at Karolinska University Hospital Huddinge, Stockholm, Sweden [2] State Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Zhongshan Ophthalmic Center, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - L Du
- Clinical Immunology, Department of Laboratory Medicine, Karolinska Institutet at Karolinska University Hospital Huddinge, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - P Brandtzaeg
- Laboratory for Immunohistochemistry and Immunopathology (LIIPAT), Centre for Immune Regulation (CIR), University of Oslo, and Department of Pathology, Oslo University Hospital, Rikshopitalet, Norway
| | - Q Pan-Hammarström
- Clinical Immunology, Department of Laboratory Medicine, Karolinska Institutet at Karolinska University Hospital Huddinge, Stockholm, Sweden
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19
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Thomas MA, Demberg T, Vargas-Inchaustegui DA, Xiao P, Tuero I, Venzon D, Weiss D, Treece J, Robert-Guroff M. Rhesus macaque rectal and duodenal tissues exhibit B-cell sub-populations distinct from peripheral blood that continuously secrete antigen-specific IgA in short-term explant cultures. Vaccine 2013; 32:872-80. [PMID: 24374153 DOI: 10.1016/j.vaccine.2013.12.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/20/2013] [Revised: 11/26/2013] [Accepted: 12/10/2013] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
It is becoming increasingly obvious that evaluation of a vaccine aimed at preventing HIV infection should include assessment of induced immunity at mucosal sites of viral entry. Among the most salient immune responses are viral-specific antibodies. A recent report on IgA-secreting plasma cells in human duodenal explants prompted us to examine similar duodenal and rectal biopsies of rhesus macaques, a key animal model for pre-clinical HIV/SIV vaccine studies, and characterize the local resident B-cells. Here we report that non-human primate rectal explants possess similar levels of B-cells as duodenal explants. We characterize the antibody isotype expression on mucosal memory B-cells and show for the first time that the B-cell memory subsets of the duodenum and rectum are distinct from those of PBMC, not only by essentially lacking CD27(+) cells, as previously reported for uninfected macaques (Titanji et al., 2010), but also in being mostly IgD(-). SIV- and SHIV-infected macaques had fewer total IgA-secreting cells in rectal tissue compared to naïve macaques. As expected, the fractions of B-cells with surface expression of IgA were dominant in the rectal and duodenal explants whereas in PBMC IgG surface expression was dominant among IgD(-) B-cells. Mucosal antibody secreting cells were found to be predominantly plasma cells/plasma blasts based on their lack of response to stimulation. Importantly, short-term culture of rectal explants of SIV- and SHIV-positive animals led to secretion of Env-specific IgA into the culture supernatant which could be easily measured by ELISA. Collection of such culture supernatant over several days allows for accumulation of mucosal antibody in amounts that should enable antibody purification, characterization, and use in functional assays. Rectal explants can be readily obtained and unequivocally identify the mucosal tissue as the source of antibody. Overall they facilitate evaluation of mucosal vaccines.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael A Thomas
- Section on Immune Biology of Retroviral Infection, Vaccine Branch, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Thorsten Demberg
- Section on Immune Biology of Retroviral Infection, Vaccine Branch, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Diego A Vargas-Inchaustegui
- Section on Immune Biology of Retroviral Infection, Vaccine Branch, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Peng Xiao
- Section on Immune Biology of Retroviral Infection, Vaccine Branch, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Iskra Tuero
- Section on Immune Biology of Retroviral Infection, Vaccine Branch, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - David Venzon
- Biostatistics and Data Management Section, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Deborah Weiss
- Advanced BioScience Laboratories, Inc., Rockville, MD, USA
| | - James Treece
- Advanced BioScience Laboratories, Inc., Rockville, MD, USA
| | - Marjorie Robert-Guroff
- Section on Immune Biology of Retroviral Infection, Vaccine Branch, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA.
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20
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Tarlton NJ, Green CM, Lazarus NH, Rott L, Wong AP, Abramson ON, Bremer M, Butcher EC, Abramson T. Plasmablast frequency and trafficking receptor expression are altered in pediatric ulcerative colitis. Inflamm Bowel Dis 2012; 18:2381-91. [PMID: 22488927 PMCID: PMC3404263 DOI: 10.1002/ibd.22962] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/19/2012] [Accepted: 03/05/2012] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The incidence of pediatric ulcerative colitis (UC), a chronic autoinflammatory disease of the colon, is on the rise. Although an increased infiltration of B cells from the peripheral blood into the colon occurs in UC, B-cell trafficking is understudied. We hypothesized that the frequency of circulating plasmablasts (PBs) and their trafficking receptor (TR) expression may be indicative of the location and degree of pathology in pediatric UC. METHODS We conducted multicolor flow cytometry analyses of circulating IgA(+/-) PBs and IgA(+) memory B cells (MBCs) in pediatric UC patients with remission, mild, moderate, and severe state of disease (n = 12), and healthy pediatric (n = 2) and adult donors (n = 11). RESULTS Compared to healthy donors the average frequency of PBs among total peripheral blood lymphocytes is increased 30-fold during severe UC activity, and positively correlates with Pediatric Ulcerative Colitis Activity Index score, C-reactive protein level, and erythrocyte sedimentation rate. A greater percent of PBs in severe patients express the gut-homing receptors α4β7 and CCR10, and the inflammatory homing molecule P-selectin ligand (P-sel lig). The percent of IgA(+) MBCs expressing α4β7, however, is reduced. Furthermore, expression of the small intestine TR CCR9 is decreased on α4β7(high) PBs, and on α4β7(high) /CCR10(high) PBs and MBCs in these patients, consistent with preferential cell targeting to the colon. CONCLUSIONS Peripheral blood PBs with a colon-homing phenotype (α4β7/CCR10/P-sel lig) are elevated in children with severe UC. Screening this B-cell subset may provide a complementary approach in monitoring disease activity or therapeutic efficacy in pediatric UC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nicole J Tarlton
- San Jose State University, Department of Biology, One Washington Square, San Jose, CA 95192
| | - Caroline M Green
- San Jose State University, Department of Biology, One Washington Square, San Jose, CA 95192
| | - Nicole H Lazarus
- Laboratory of Immunology and Vascular Biology, Department of Pathology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, California 94305
,Veterans Affairs Palo Alto Health Care System, Palo Alto, California 94304
| | - Lusijah Rott
- Laboratory of Immunology and Vascular Biology, Department of Pathology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, California 94305
,Veterans Affairs Palo Alto Health Care System, Palo Alto, California 94304
| | - Anthony P Wong
- Kaiser Permanente Santa Clara, 710 Lawrence Express Way, Santa Clara, CA 95051
| | - Oren N Abramson
- Kaiser Permanente Santa Clara, 710 Lawrence Express Way, Santa Clara, CA 95051
| | - Martina Bremer
- San Jose State University, Department of Mathematics, One Washington Square, San Jose, CA 95192
| | - Eugene C Butcher
- Laboratory of Immunology and Vascular Biology, Department of Pathology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, California 94305
,Veterans Affairs Palo Alto Health Care System, Palo Alto, California 94304
| | - Tzvia Abramson
- San Jose State University, Department of Biology, One Washington Square, San Jose, CA 95192
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